1759722235

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:30.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722235 OCoLC 1255594508 WBOKR 22504 EBP 06456889X KEP 06456889X 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22504 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO FYR of Macedonia Measuring Welfare using the Survey of Income and Living Conditions World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of North Macedonia (Formerly the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ABSOLUTE POVERTY LINE s ABSOLUTE TERMS s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ACCESS TO SERVICES s CALORIC INTAKE s CARE s CASH INCOME s CASH TRANSFERS s CONSUMPTION s CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE s CORRELATES OF POVERTY s COSTS s DEMAND s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SHOCK s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s EQUILIBRIUM s EXPENDITURES s FAMILIES s FARM INCOME s FOOD CONSUMPTION s HEALTH s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH SERVICES s HIGHER INEQUALITY s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEAD AGE s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD LEVEL DATA s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL ASSETS s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GAP s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME POVERTY s INCOME TRANSFERS s INDICATORS OF POVERTY s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY OF INCOME s INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT s INTERVENTION s LIVING STANDARDS s MEASURES s MEAT s MEDICAL EXAMINATION s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s OLD AGE s POOR s POOR GROUPS s POOR HOUSEHOLD s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR INDIVIDUALS s POOR POPULATION s POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s POPULATION s POVERTY s POVERTY ACROSS COUNTRIES s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY INDICATORS s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY MEASUREMENT s POVERTY MEASURES s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY SERIES s POVERTY STATUS s POVERTY THRESHOLD s PROBABILITY s REDUCTION OF POVERTY s REGION s REGIONAL POVERTY s REGIONAL POVERTY LINES s REGIONS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s SAVINGS s SELF- EMPLOYMENT s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL POLICIES s SOCIAL PROTECTION s TARGETING s TRANSFERS s TRANSFERS IN KIND s UNEMPLOYMENT s WAGE EMPLOYMENT English en_US This note expands the analysis on poverty and income distribution reported by the FYR Macedonia SSO for 2010 and 2011. The present work is based on an analysis performed in-situ by World Bank staff on the offices of the FYR Macedonian SSO 40 17-11-21 00:18:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939866865 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22504 Volltext, Open Access

1759722243

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:30.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722243 OCoLC 1255594339 WBOKR 22503 EBP 064568881 KEP 064568881 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22503 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO An Update on Poverty and Inequality in Albania Nine Stylized Facts World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Albania Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO SERVICES s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s ANNUAL GROWTH s ANNUAL GROWTH RATE s CAPITA INCOME s CENTRAL REGION s COASTAL REGION s COASTAL REGIONS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION s CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE s CONSUMPTION DATA s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING s DATA ISSUES s DECLINE IN POVERTY s DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s DISTRIBUTION EFFECT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC SHOCK s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s EXTREME POVERTY s EXTREME POVERTY LINE s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FOOD POVERTY s FOOD POVERTY LINE s GINI COEFFICIENT s GINI INDEX s GROWTH s GROWTH EFFECT s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEADCOUNT POVERTY s HEALTH CARE s HIGH POVERTY s HIGHER INEQUALITY s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSING s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME GROWTH s INEQUALITY s INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LIVING STANDARDS s MEAN GROWTH s MEASURES s MOUNTAIN AREAS s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NATIONAL POVERTY RATE s NON-POOR HOUSEHOLDS s PENSION INCOME s PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE s PER CAPITA GROWTH s PER CAPITA INCOME s POINT ESTIMATES s POOR s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR INDIVIDUALS s POOR PEOPLE s POOR POPULATION s POPULATION GROUP s POPULATION SHARE s POVERTY s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY CHANGES s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATE s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INCREASE s POVERTY INCREASES s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY MEASUREMENT s POVERTY POVERTY s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY SEVERITY s POVERTY STATUS s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE TRANSFERS s PROGRAMMATIC POVERTY ASSESSMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s REDUCING POVERTY s REDUCTION IN POVERTY s REGION s REGIONAL AVERAGE s REGIONAL POVERTY s REGIONAL POVERTY LINES s REGIONS s RELATIVE CONTRIBUTION s RISKS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s SAFETY NET s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SQUARED POVERTY GAP s TRANSFERS s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POOR s URBAN POVERTY s WELFARE MONITORING English en_US This note presents 9 stylized facts that emerge related to the evolution of poverty and inequality over the 2002 to 2012 period, especially from 2008 to 2012, as well as some insights into the drivers of poverty changes. It complements existing work on monitoring and understanding shared prosperity – the second corporate goal of the World Bank along with reducing poverty - in Albania and the Western Balkans. Albania poverty estimates are based on the Living Standards Measurement Survey (LSMS). The LSMS is conducted by the Albania Statistics Office (INSTAT) with donor funding and has been carried out in 2002, 2005, 2008 and recently in 2012 40 17-11-21 00:18:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939866873 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22503 Volltext, Open Access

1759722251

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:30.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722251 OCoLC 1255594553 WBOKR 22538 EBP 064568873 KEP 064568873 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22538 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Doing Business in Punjab An Agenda for Sub-National Reform World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ADVERTISEMENT s ADVERTISING s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURES s BEST PRACTICE s BUSINESS s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS INDICATOR s BUSINESS INDICATORS s CAPITAL GAINS s CERTIFICATE s CERTIFICATES s CITIES s CITY s CONTRACT s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s CONTRACTS s CREDIT INFORMATION s DATABASE s DEBT s DEED s EASE OF DOING BUSINESS s EFFICIENCY GAINS s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s ELECTRICITY s EXCHANGE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE ADJUSTMENT s EXCHANGE RATES s FEES s FINANCE s IMPORT COSTS s INCOME s INFORMATION s INSPECTION s INSPECTIONS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT s INVESTOR s INVESTOR PROTECTION s INVESTORS s LABOR MARKET s LAND s LAND TITLE s LEGAL RIGHTS s LIABILITY s LICENSE s LICENSES s LIENS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s MARKET s MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES s NO OBJECTION CERTIFICATE s POLICY MAKERS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFIT s PROPERTY s PROVINCE s PROVINCES s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s REGISTRATION FEES s REGISTRY s RESULT s RESULTS s REVENUE s SEWAGE s SHAREHOLDER s STAMP DUTY s SUB-NATIONAL s SUB-NATIONAL REFORM s TAX s TAX RATE s TAXATION s TAXES s TELEPHONE s TELEPHONE CONNECTION s TRADING s USES s UTILITIES s VALUATION English en_US This report examines the Doing Business database for 6 cities in Pakistan in order to assess how cities in the Punjab – Lahore, Faisalabad and Sialkot, may hypothetically improve their global rankings, as defined by the Doing Business methodology, by adopting the policies, regulations and practices of other cities in Pakistan. The report attempts to distinguish between those areas which are related to policies and regulations from those which are based on proximity, cost of services and court efficiency in order to provide specific guidance to policy makers regarding areas where improvements are possible 40 17-11-21 00:18:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939866881 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22538 Volltext, Open Access

175972226X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:30.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972226X OCoLC 1255594340 WBOKR 22497 EBP 064568865 KEP 064568865 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22497 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Inclusion in Tunisia Low-Income Households and Micro-Enterprises World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES s ACCESS TO SAVINGS s AGRICULTURAL BANK s ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING s ARREARS s ASSET ACCUMULATION s AUTOMATIC TELLER s AVERAGE BALANCE s BANK s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK BRANCHES s BANK LOAN s BANK LOANS s BANKING SERVICES s BANKRUPTCY s BANKS s BASIC NEEDS s BORROWER s BORROWERS s BORROWING s BUSINESS OWNERS s CAPITAL s CAPITAL ACCUMULATION s CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s CASH MANAGEMENT s CHECKING ACCOUNT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CREDIT s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT REGISTRY s CURRENCY EXCHANGE s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNTS s DEBIT CARD s DEBT s DEBT COLLECTION s DEMAND FOR SAVINGS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ELECTRONIC PAYMENTS s EMPLOYEES s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPOWERMENT s ENTERPRISE s ENTERPRISES s ENTREPRENEUR s ENTREPRENEURS s EQUALITY s EXCLUSION s EXPATRIATE s FAMILIES s FAMILY s FARMERS s FEES s FINANCE s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ACCOUNT s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL DIFFICULTY s FINANCIAL EDUCATION s FINANCIAL EXCLUSION s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL NEEDS s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FINANCING s FINANCING NEEDS s FIRST LOANS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FORMAL FINANCIAL SECTOR s FORMAL FINANCIAL SERVICE s FORMAL FINANCIAL SERVICES s GRANT s GUARANTEE s GUARANTEES s HOME IMPROVEMENT s HOUSEHOLD s HOUSEHOLDS s INCOME- GENERATING ACTIVITIES s INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES s INDEBTEDNESS s INEQUALITIES s INEQUALITY s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURANCE PREMIUM s INSURANCE SERVICES s INTEREST s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT BANKS s INVESTMENTS s JOB CREATION s LENDERS s LENDING CONDITIONS s LIMITED ACCESS s LOAN s LOAN AMOUNT s LOAN CONDITIONS s LOAN SIZE s LOANS s MAXIMUM LOAN AMOUNT s MFI s MFIS s MICRO- ENTREPRENEURS s MICRO-ENTERPRISES s MICRO-ENTREPRENEURS s MICROCREDIT s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY LAUNDERING s MONEY ORDERS s MONEY TRANSFER s MONEY TRANSFERS s MONEY-LENDERS s NEW COMPANIES s OPERATING COSTS s OUTREACH s OUTSTANDING DEBT s OUTSTANDING LOANS s PARTIAL CREDIT s PAYMENT s PAYMENT SERVICES s PAYMENTS s PAYMENTS SERVICES s PEOPLE s POSTAL SAVINGS s PROFITABILITY s PUBLIC BANKS s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT RATES s REVENUES s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAVINGS s SAVINGS ACCOUNTS s SAVINGS BANK s SAVINGS SERVICES s SECURITY s SMALL BUSINESSES s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SMALL LOANS s SMALLHOLDERS s SOCIAL SECURITY s STUDENTS s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNION s UNIONS s UNIVERSAL ACCESS s UNIVERSAL BANKS s VENTURE CAPITAL s VENTURE CAPITAL FIRMS s WOMAN s WOMEN s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US This technical note provides a snapshot of financial inclusion trends and challenges in Tunisia. It follows the recent expiration of the Coordinated Vision for the Development of Microfinance in Tunisia 2011-2014, national strategy published in 2011. This document does not examine all aspects of financial sector development, but rather concentrates specifically on financial inclusion for low-income households and micro-enterprises 40 17-11-21 00:18:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986689X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22497 Volltext, Open Access

1759722278

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722278 OCoLC 1255594368 WBOKR 22521 EBP 064568857 KEP 064568857 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22521 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Clean and Improved Cooking in Sub-Saharan Africa A Landscape Report World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Sub-Saharan Africa s ACCESS TO CAPITAL s AIR FLOW s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s ALCOHOL • FUEL s ALTERNATIVE FUEL s ALTERNATIVE FUELS s ANIMAL DUNG s BIO ENERGY s BIO-ETHANOL s BIOENERGY s BIOFUEL s BIOFUEL PRODUCTION s BIOFUELS s BIOGAS s BIOGAS DIGESTER s BIOGAS DIGESTERS s BIOGAS PLANT s BIOGAS PLANTS s BIOMASS s BIOMASS ENERGY s BIOMASS RESOURCES s BIOMASS STOVE s BIOMASS STOVES s BULK PURCHASES s BURNING STOVES s CARBON CREDIT s CARBON CREDITS s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS s CARBON EMISSIONS s CARBON FINANCE s CARBON MONOXIDE s CARBON REDUCTION s CARBON REVENUE s CARBON REVENUE STREAMS s CARBON REVENUES s CERAMIC LINER s CERTIFIED EMISSION REDUCTIONS s CHARCOAL s CHARCOAL DUST s CHARCOAL KILNS s CHARCOAL PRODUCTION s CHRONIC BRONCHITIS s CLAY STOVES s CLEAN DEVELOPMENT s CLEAN ENERGY s CLEAN FUEL s CLEAN FUELS s CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES s CLIMATE BENEFITS s CLIMATE CHANGE s CO s COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY s COOK STOVE s COOK STOVES s COOKING s COOK” STOVE s CROP s CROP WASTE s DEFORESTATION s DISTILLERIES s DISTILLERY s DOMESTIC ENERGY s DRY BIOMASS s DUNG s EFFICIENT STOVE s EFFICIENT STOVES s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRICITY COSTS s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSION REDUCTIONS s END- USER s END-USER s ENERGY ACCESS s ENERGY ASSESSMENT s ENERGY ASSESSMENTS s ENERGY AUDIT s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY DEVELOPMENT s ENERGY ECONOMICS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY INVESTMENT s ENERGY MANAGEMENT s ENERGY MARKETS s ENERGY POVERTY s ENERGY SAVING s ENERGY SECTOR s ENERGY SECURITY s ENERGY SERVICES s ENERGY SOURCE s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY STRATEGY s ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES s ENERGY TECHNOLOGY s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ETHANOL s ETHANOL GEL s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUELS s FOSSIL‐FUEL s FUEL s FUEL COLLECTION s FUEL CONSUMPTION s FUEL EFFICIENCY s FUEL MIX s FUEL PRICE s FUEL PRICES s FUEL PRODUCTION s FUEL SHORTAGES s FUEL SOURCE s FUEL SOURCES s FUEL SUPPLIES s FUEL SUPPLY s FUEL WOOD s FUELS s GAS STOVES s GASIFICATION s GHG s GHGS s GLOBAL WARMING s GREEN ENERGY s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GASES s HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES s HOUSEHOLD ENERGY s HOUSEHOLD ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES s HOUSEHOLD FUEL s HOUSEHOLD FUELS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD LIGHTING s JATROPHA s KEROSENE s KEROSENE PRESSURE s LIGHTING s LIQUID BIOFUEL s LIQUID BIOFUELS s LIQUID FUELS s LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS s MANURE s METHANE s METHANOL s NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY LABORATORY s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCE s OIL PRICES s PLANT OIL s POLLUTION s PORTABLE STOVE s PORTABLE STOVES s PORTABLE • STOVES s REFRIGERATORS s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY ACCESS s RENEWABLE FUEL s RENEWABLE FUELS s RENEWABLE PROJECTS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL CONSUMER s RURAL CONSUMERS s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s RURAL ENERGY s RURAL HOUSEHOLD s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s SMOKE s SOLAR ENERGY s SOLAR HOME s SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS s SOLAR LANTERN s SOLAR LANTERNS s SOLAR PANELS s SOLAR PROJECT s SOLAR RADIATION s SOLAR SYSTEMS s SOLAR THERMAL s SOLID BIOMASS s SOLID FUEL s SOLID FUELS s SUBSIDIES s SUNNY DAYS s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE MARKET s SUSTAINABLE MARKETS s THERMAL EFFICIENCY s TRADITIONAL BIOMASS s TRADITIONAL FUEL s TRADITIONAL FUELS s TRADITIONAL KILNS s TRADITIONAL STOVE s TRADITIONAL STOVES s URBAN HOUSEHOLD s URBAN HOUSEHOLDS s USE OF BIOMASS s VILLAGE ENERGY s WOOD s WOOD USE s WOODS pha English en_US Evidence from the most recent World Health Organization (WHO) survey on the global burden of disease shows that nearly 600,000 Africans die annually and millions more suffer from chronic illnesses caused by air pollution from inefficient and dangerous traditional cooking fuels and stoves. This tragic and avoidable first-order public health crisis disproportionately harms women and children. Moreover, cooking with wood, charcoal, crop waste, dung, coal, and potentially dangerous and polluting modern fuels, such as kerosene, also imposes tremendous direct costs on economies and households in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and contributes to a wide range of negative environmental and climate change effects.This overview report, prepared in support of the World Bank’s Africa Clean Cooking Energy Solutions (ACCES) initiative, builds on earlier reports from the World Bank and the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves (GACC). The report establishes a baseline for the SSA cooking landscape and offers an overview of emerging opportunities to encourage increased investment in clean and improved cooking businesses across the region. This report covers the full range of clean and improved cooking solutions in SSA that can enhance the fuel efficiency and emissions performance of traditional technologies, each varying widely in terms of fuel feedstock, design, construction materials, methods of production, and harm mitigation potential 40 17-11-21 00:18:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939866903 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22521 Volltext, Open Access

1759722286

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 0206:08-05-23 15:56:52.000 0206:07-02-22 utf8 0 Oau Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722286 OCoLC 1255594560 WBOKR 22505 EBP 064568849 KEP 064568849 eng 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22505 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia Economic Quarterly, March 2015 High Expectations World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURE s AVERAGING s BANK CREDIT s BANK LOANS s BENCHMARK s BENCHMARKS s BENEFITS s BONDS s CAPITAL s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s COMMODITY s COMMODITY EXPORT s COMMODITY EXPORTS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION s CORPORATE PROFITS s COSTS s CREDIT s CRITERIA s DEBT s DEFLATION s DEMAND s DEVELOPMENT s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s ECONOMIC ASSUMPTIONS s ECONOMIC EXPANSION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INFORMATION s ECONOMIC OUTCOMES s ECONOMIC TRENDS s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ECONOMY s EXCESS DEMAND s EXCHANGE s EXPECTATIONS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s GDP s GDP DEFLATOR s GDP PER CAPITA s GOODS s GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROSS VALUE s GROWTH RATE s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCENTIVES s INCOME s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INPUTS s INTEREST RATE s INVENTORIES s INVESTMENT s LIQUIDITY s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMICS s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKETS s MEASUREMENT s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET EXPORTS s OPPORTUNITY COST s OUTCOMES s OUTPUT s PAYMENTS s PHILLIPS CURVE s PORTFOLIO s POTENTIAL OUTPUT s PRICE s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE LEVELS s PRICES s PRICING s PRODUCTION s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION FUNCTION s PRODUCTION INCREASES s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROFIT MARGIN s PROJECTIONS s PURCHASE PRICE s REAL GDP s REAL INTEREST RATE s RENT s RETURNS TO SCALE s REVENUE s RISK PREMIUM s RISKS s SHARE s SHARES s SUBSIDIES s SUBSIDY s SUPPLY s TAX REVENUES s TAXATION s TAXES s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL OUTPUT s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE POLICY s TRENDS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VALUE s VARIABLES s WAGES s WEALTH s WELFARE s WHOLESALE PRICES 091401070 Wirtschaftslage stw 10342-1 DA-3 091400988 Wirtschaftsindikator stw 15075-1 DA-3 091401194 Wirtschaftsprognose stw 10031-4 DA-3 091366941 Indonesien stw 17578-0 DA-3 2015 DA-3 DE-206 English en_US Effective January 1, 2015, Indonesia’s new government took the decisive step of implementing a new fuel pricing system, dramatically reducing gasoline and diesel subsidy costs. This paved the way for the government’s first budget, passed in February, to shift spending towards development priorities, especially infrastructure, the allocation for which is double the 2014 outturn. Successful implementation of the bold vision of the budget, however, will require overcoming administrative constraints to spending and dramatically lifting revenue collection performance. Achieving this, and having the benefits flow through into faster economic growth and poverty reduction, is likely to take time, especially with the pace of sustainable economic growth having slowed, due partly to lower commodity prices. Beyond the fiscal sector, reforms taken in the first months of the government’s term in key areas such as investment licensing also face complex challenges to make operational. The government has signaled its strong reform intentions, and raised expectations. Early progress will now need to be consolidated by effectively implementing major reforms and the budget posture, against a still-challenging global economic backdrop for Indonesia 40 17-11-21 00:18:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939866911 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22505 Volltext, Open Access

1759722294

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:31.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722294 OCoLC 1255594540 WBOKR 22487 EBP 064568830 KEP 064568830 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22487 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Skills Gaps and the Path to Successful Skills Development Emerging Findings from Skills Measurement Surveys in Armenia, Georgia, FYR Macedonia, and Ukraine World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Armenia Eastern Europe Europe and Central Asia Georgia Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of North Macedonia (Formerly the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) Ukraine s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO TRAINING s ADULT LIFE s ADULT TRAINING s ADULTS s ADVANCED SKILLS s AGE GROUPS s APPROPRIATE TRAINING s ATTITUDES s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC LITERACY s CAREER GUIDANCE s CAREER PATHS s CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT s CHILDREN s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COMMUNICATION s CONTINUOUS TRAINING s CREATIVE THINKING s CRITICAL THINKING s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT s DECISION MAKING s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATED WORKERS s EDUCATION s EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION OUTCOMES s EDUCATION PROVIDERS s EDUCATION REFORMS s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS s EDUCATIONAL POLICY s EDUCATIONAL STANDARDS s ENROLLMENT s ENROLLMENT RATIO s ENROLMENT RATIO s ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS s EXPERIENCED TEACHERS s FORMAL EDUCATION s FORMS OF EDUCATION s FUNCTIONAL LITERACY s GENERAL EDUCATION s GENERIC SKILLS s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO s GROSS ENROLMENT s GROSS ENROLMENT RATIO s GROUPS s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEMS s HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s INTERNSHIPS s INTERVENTIONS s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION s JOB TRAINING s KNOWLEDGE s LEADERSHIP s LEARNING s LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFE SKILLS s LITERACY s LITERACY ASSESSMENT s LITERACY RATES s LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s MATHEMATICS s NATIONAL CURRICULUM s NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s NUMERACY s OCCUPATIONS s PARTICIPATION s PARTNERSHIPS s PERSONALITY s PRIVATE EDUCATION s PROBLEM SOLVING s PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY STANDARDS s READING s REGULAR TRAINING s RETURNS TO EDUCATION s SCHOOL s SCHOOL CURRICULA s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SCIENCE s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLS s SKILLS ACQUISITION s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SKILLS REQUIREMENTS s SOCIAL BENEFITS s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s STUDENTS s TEACHER s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TECHNOLOGY s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TRAINING s TRAINING INSTITUTES s TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNIVERSAL LITERACY s UNIVERSITIES s VALUES s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WORKING HOURS s WRITING s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUTH English en_US Relevant skills for the job market—the ability to do well a job that is also in demand—are becoming an important bottleneck to private sector growth in many countries in the former Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region. Economic reforms together with structural and technological change are bringing about new business opportunities and with them demand for new skills. A new take on skills development is needed to help increase productivity, job creation, and wages. The different stakeholders—policy makers that coordinate the strategy around skills and education, workers, the jobless, students and their families who make decisions to invest in training, and firms—need to coordinate around the skills agenda 40 17-11-21 00:18:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986692X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22487 Volltext, Open Access

1759722308

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722308 OCoLC 1255594567 WBOKR 22498 EBP 064568822 KEP 064568822 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22498 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ghana Agricultural Sector Risk Assessment Risk Prioritization Vikas Choudhary VerfasserIn aut Stephen D'Alessandro VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Ghana s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL HOUSEHOLDS s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL MARKETS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRONOMIC PRACTICES s ANIMAL DISEASES s ANIMAL FEED s ANIMAL HEALTH s ANIMAL HUSBANDRY s ANIMAL PRODUCTION s ANIMALS s BEANS s BLACK SIGATOKA s BY-PRODUCTS s CACAO s CASH CROPS s CASSAVA s CASSAVA PRODUCTION s CEREAL CROPS s CEREALS s CGIAR s CHEMICAL INPUTS s CHOCOLATE s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s CLIMATIC ZONE s CLIMATIC ZONES s COCOA s COCOA BEANS s COCOA PRICES s COCONUT s COCONUTS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL FARMERS s COMMODITY s COMPENSATION TO FARMERS s CONSUMER DEMAND s CORN s COTTON s COTTON PRICES s COWPEAS s CROP s CROP DAMAGE s CROP DEVELOPMENT s CROP DISEASES s CROP INSURANCE s CROP LOSSES s CROP PESTS s CROP PRICES s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s CROP PROTECTION s CROP RESEARCH s CROP RESIDUES s CROP ROTATION s CROP SCIENCE s CROP YIELD s CROP YIELDS s CROPLAND s CROPPING s CROPPING SYSTEMS s CROPS s CULTIVARS s CULTIVATION s DAM s DATES s DEFORESTATION s DOUBLE CROPPING s DRAINAGE s DRY SEASON s DRY SEASONS s ECOLOGICAL ZONE s ECOLOGICAL ZONES s EGGS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s FAO s FARM s FARM INCOME s FARM STORAGE s FARMER s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMS s FERTILIZER s FERTILIZER SUBSIDIES s FERTILIZERS s FISHERIES s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD CROPS s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SUPPLY s GRAIN s GRAIN BORER s GRAINS s GRASSES s GRAZING s GREEN REVOLUTION s GROUNDNUT s GROUNDNUTS s GROUNDWATER s GROWING SEASON s HARVESTING s HEAVY RAINFALL s HERBICIDES s HUSBANDRY s IFPRI s INDICATORS s INSECT PESTS s INTERCROPPING s INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LAND MANAGEMENT s LEGUMES s MAIZE s MAIZE COBS s MAIZE PRODUCTION s MAIZE YIELDS s MALNUTRITION s MANGOES s MEAT s MILLET s MULCHING s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s OIL PALM s ONIONS s PADDY s PALM OIL s PAPAYA s PASTORALISM s PEANUTS s PEPPERS s PEST MANAGEMENT s PESTICIDE s PLANNING s PLANS s PLANT PROTECTION s PLANTAINS s PLANTING s PLANTING DATES s PLANTS s PLOWING s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POPULATION GROWTH s POTATOES s POULTRY s POULTRY INDUSTRY s POULTRY PRODUCTION s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRODUCE s PRODUCTION COST s PRODUCTION OF RICE s PRODUCTION SYSTEM s PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PULSES s REPLANTING s REPORTS s RICE s RICE PRICES s RICE PRODUCTION s RICE YIELDS s ROOT CROPS s SEED s SEED VARIETIES s SEEDS s SHADING s SOIL CONSERVATION s SOIL FERTILITY s SOIL TYPES s SOILS s SORGHUM s SOYA BEANS s SPRING s SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS s SWEET POTATOES s TARO s TILLAGE s TOMATOES s TRANSHUMANCE s TREE CROPS s TREES s TROPICAL AGRICULTURE s TUBERS s VEGETABLE CROPS s VEGETABLES s VEGETATION s WATER HARVESTING s WILT s YAMS s YIELDS pha English en_US Improved agricultural risk management is one of the core enabling actions of the Group of Eight’s (G-8’s) New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition. The Agricultural Risk Management Team (ARMT) of the Agriculture and Environment Services Department of the World Bank conducted an agricultural sector risk assessment to better understand the dynamics of agricultural risks and identify appropriate responses, incorporate agricultural risk perspective into decision-making, and build capacity of local stakeholders in risk assessment and management 40 17-11-21 00:18:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939866938 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22498 Volltext, Open Access

1759722316

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:31.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722316 OCoLC 1255594318 WBOKR 22489 EBP 064568814 KEP 064568814 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22489 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Socioeconomic Impact of Mining on Local Communities in Africa World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Africa Ghana Mali Tanzania s ACID RAIN s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AIR POLLUTION s AIR POLLUTION CONTROL s ARABLE LAND s ARSENIC s BUSINESS CYCLES s CARBON s CHILDREN s CLINICS s COAL s COMMUNITY HEALTH s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s CONSUMPTION s CORPORATE TAXES s CROPPING SYSTEMS s CROWDING OUT s DECREASING PRODUCTIVITY s DEMAND s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DIVIDENDS s DRINKING WATER s ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS s ECOLOGY s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC EFFECTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC WELFARE s ECONOMICS s ECONOMIES s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EFFECTIVE USE s EFFICIENCY s EMISSIONS s EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS s EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE s EMPIRICAL STUDIES s ENVIRONMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY s EPIDEMIOLOGY s EQUILIBRIUM s EQUITY s EXERCISES s EXPECTATIONS s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s EXTERNAL COSTS s EXTERNALITIES s FAMILIES s FAMILY PLANNING s FISCAL POLICIES s FISH s FISHERIES s FISHING s FOOD INDUSTRY s FOOD PRODUCTION s HEALTH s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH EFFECTS s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH PROBLEMS s HEALTH SERVICES s HEAVY METALS s IMPLEMENTATION s INCENTIVES s INFANT HEALTH s INPUT PRICES s INTERMEDIATE INPUTS s INTERVENTION s KNOWLEDGE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LAND s LAND RESOURCES s LAND USE s LAWS s LIVING CONDITIONS s MEASUREMENT s METALS s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MINES s MODELS s MORTALITY s MULTIPLIERS s NATIONAL INCOME s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES s NURSES s NUTRITION s NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY s OBSERVATION s OIL s OIL PRICES s OZONE s PEDIATRICS s PERVERSE INCENTIVES s POLICY MAKERS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLLUTION s POLLUTION CONTROL s POPULATION DENSITIES s POPULATION GROWTH s POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES s PREVENTION s PRICES s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROFITS s PROPERTY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC GOOD s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC HEALTH s QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH s REAL WAGES s REGISTRATION s RESOURCES s RETURNS TO SCALE s REVENUE s REVENUES s RISKS s SOCIAL RESEARCH s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOIL DEGRADATION s SPATIAL PATTERNS s STRATEGY s STRESS s SUBSIDIES s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TAX REVENUE s TAXES s TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS s TERMS OF TRADE s TRADE s VALUES s VIOLENCE s WAGES s WASTE s WATER POLLUTION s WEIGHT s WELFARE EFFECTS s WELFARE GAINS s WORKERS s WORKING CONDITIONS English en_US For more than a decade, Africa has enjoyed a mineral boom. is the growth mostly happening in isolated places, sectors and periods? The approach adopted in this study is two-pronged. First, through case studies, including the results of fieldwork, mining’s impacts are examined in a country-specific context for each of three countries, Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania; and second, a statistical analysis is used to test whether the indicators of welfare improve with proximity to a mine 40 17-11-21 00:18:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939866946 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22489 Volltext, Open Access

1759722324

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722324 OCoLC 1255594568 WBOKR 22490 EBP 064568806 KEP 064568806 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22490 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Belarus Regional Development Policy Notes Spatial Dimension of Structural Change World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Belarus Europe and Central Asia s ABSENTEEISM s ACTIVE LABOR s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES s AGGLOMERATION EFFECT s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AVERAGE WAGE s AVERAGE WAGES s CHEMICAL INDUSTRY s COMPETITIVE MARKET s CREDIT s CROWDING OUT s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CHANGE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC SITUATION s ECONOMIC VULNERABILITIES s EMPLOYEES s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT DYNAMICS s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT LEVEL s EMPLOYMENT LEVELS s EMPLOYMENT OFFICES s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS s EMPLOYMENT RATE s ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY s ENTRY COSTS s ENTRY RATE s ENVIRONMENT s EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATIONS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FIRM LEVEL s FIRM PERFORMANCE s FORESTRY s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s HIGH WAGES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCENTIVES s INCOME SUPPORT s JOB s JOB CREATION s JOB SEARCH s JOB SEARCH ASSISTANCE s JOBS s LABOR s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS s LABOR MARKET POLICIES s LABOR MARKET RIGIDITY s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR MOBILITY s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR SUPPLY s LABORERS s LAND s LOCAL EMPLOYERS s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s LOCAL LABOR MARKETS s MANAGEMENT s MARKET POWER s MARKET WAGES s NATURAL RESOURCES s OIL s OPTIONS s OVEREMPLOYMENT s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POLICY MAKERS s POPULATION GROWTH s PRICE CONTROLS s PRICES s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE ENTERPRISES s PRIVATE FIRMS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR ACTIVITY s PRIVATE SECTOR COMPANIES s PRIVATE SECTOR FIRMS s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION FACILITIES s PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES s PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT s PRODUCTIVITY GAINS s PRODUCTIVITY LEVEL s PROFITS s PROPERTY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC GOODS s REAL WAGE s REAL WAGES s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCES s RETAIL TRADE s REVENUES s RURAL COMMUNITIES s SERVICE SECTORS s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL BUSINESSES s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s STREAMS s SUBSIDIES s SUPPLIERS s TAX RATES s TAX REDUCTION s TAXES s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TRADE s TRANSACTION COSTS s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VALUES s WAGE COMPRESSION s WAGE LEVELS s WAGE PREMIUM s WAGES s WORKER s WORKERS s YOUNG WORKERS s YOUNGER WORKERS pha English en_US This report focuses on two competing forces: the Soviet industrial legacy and emerging economic activities, mostly in the form of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The large, often vertically integrated, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) that are part of the Soviet legacy still have a considerable role in many industries and indeed dominate the economies of certain rayons and even oblasts. This report shows that because MSMEs generate new jobs and output without draining state resources, it is important to encourage their creation and open opportunities for existing companies to expand, particularly micro and small enterprises. This growth is geographically uneven, with a tendency of economic activities to gravitate to industrialized centers. The report revisits the policy debates on how to improve regional economies and their welfare 40 17-11-21 00:18:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939866954 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22490 Volltext, Open Access

1759722332

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:31.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722332 OCoLC 1255594534 WBOKR 22468 EBP 064568792 KEP 064568792 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22468 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Sri Lanka Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes Accounting and Auditing Update World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource South Asia Sri Lanka s ACCOUNT s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTANCY s ACCOUNTANTS s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING FIRM s ACCOUNTING FIRMS s ACCOUNTING PERIOD s ACCOUNTING POLICIES s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCOUNTS s ACTUARIES s ADMINISTRATION s AFFILIATE s AUDIT s AUDIT EVIDENCE s AUDIT REPORTS s AUDITED ACCOUNTS s AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s AUDITING s AUDITING PROFESSION s AUDITING STANDARDS s AUDITORS s AUDITS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANKING s BANKING SUPERVISION s BANKS s BOARDS OF DIRECTORS s BUSINESS s BUSINESS ETHICS s BUSINESS SCHOOLS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITALIZATION s CASH FLOWS s CBA s CENTRAL BANK OF SRI LANKA s CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICERS s CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICERS s CIT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s COST s CREDIT s CREDIT UNIONS s CRITERIA s CURRENCY s CURRENT ASSETS s DEBT s DEPRECIATION s EMPLOYMENT s ENTERPRISES s EQUITY s EXPENDITURE s EXTERNAL AUDITORS s FINANCE s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL OFFICERS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL REPORTING PERIOD s FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL YEARS s GOOD PRACTICE s GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENTS s GRANTS s GUARANTEE s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s IMPACTS s IMPLEMENTATION s INDUSTRY s INFRASTRUCTURE s INSURANCE s INTEREST s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDITING s INTERNAL AUDITORS s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVESTMENT BANKS s LABOR s LAWS s LEGISLATION s LOANS s LOTTERIES s MAINTENANCE s MARKETING s MARKETS s MATURITY GAP s PLANNING s PRICING s PROFITABILITY s PROJECTS s PROPERTY s PRUDENTIAL REQUIREMENTS s PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS s PUBLIC DISCLOSURE s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC FINANCE s QUALITY s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY CONTROL s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPORTING s RESOURCES s REVENUE s RISK s RISK MANAGEMENT s SELLING s SERVICES s SPECIALIZED BANKS s SUBSIDIARIES s SUBSIDIARY s TAXATION s TAXES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s URBAN ECONOMY s VALUE English en_US The Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes, Accounting and Auditing (ROSC AA) in Sri Lanka aims to assess the progress made on implementation of the policy recommendations of the first ROSC AA in 2004 and supports the Government of Sri Lanka in preparing a country action plan. This will further enhance the quality of corporate financial reporting, and thereby contribute toward the country’s goal of improving the investment climate, attracting foreign direct investment (FDI), and fostering business development. The ROSC review, requested by the Minister of Finance and Planning, entailed an evaluation exercise that assesses the strengths and weaknesses of existing institutional frameworks that underpin financial accounting and auditing practices; determines the comparability of national accounting and auditing standards; and evaluates the effectiveness of enforcement mechanisms for ensuring compliance with existing national standards, rules, and regulations. The review was conducted from December 2013 to September 2014 using the World Bank’s multi-layered review methodology. All findings reflect this time period of the review; some stated future events may have been achieved by publication date. The data and information used for the review was gathered from a diagnostic questionnaire completed by stakeholders; by reviewing accountancy profession-related documents; and through interviews with many stakeholders from government, regulatory and accountancy bodies, accounting and auditing firms, banks, insurance companies, state-owned enterprises (SOEs), small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs), and academia. The review focused on assessing the institutional framework underpinning accounting and auditing practices in the private sector and in SOEs of the country in comparison with international standards and good practice 40 17-11-21 00:18:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939866962 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22468 Volltext, Open Access

1759722340

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:31.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722340 OCoLC 1255594574 WBOKR 22474 EBP 064568784 KEP 064568784 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22474 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Insights into Key Challenges of the Albanian Labor Market César Cancho VerfasserIn aut María E. Dávalos VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Albania Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCOUNTING s AGE GROUP s AGGREGATE EMPLOYMENT s AVERAGE WAGE s AVERAGE WAGES s CHILD CARE s CHILDBEARING s CLERKS s DISABILITY s DISCRIMINATION s DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES s EARNING s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN s ECONOMIC STATUS s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EFFECTS s EMPLOYABILITY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYEES s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT RATE s EMPLOYMENT RATES s EQUITY s FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES s FEMALE LITERACY s FEWER WOMEN s FINANCE s FINANCIAL MARKETS s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER GAP s GENDER PARITY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HIGHER-EDUCATED WORKERS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD WORK s HUMAN CAPITAL s ILLNESS s INCENTIVES s INCOME s INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT s INFORMATION s INNOVATION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s JOB s JOB CREATION s JOB LOSS s JOB SEEKERS s JOBS s KNOWLEDGE s LABOR s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT s LABOR MARKET INFORMATION s LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS s LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES s LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR REGULATIONS s LABOUR s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LITERACY RATES s LIVING STANDARDS s LOW EMPLOYMENT s MALE COUNTERPARTS s MALE WORKER s MANAGEMENT s MARKETS s MATERNITY LEAVE s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MINIMUM WAGE s MINIMUM WAGES s OCCUPATION s OCCUPATIONS s OLDER WORKERS s OPPORTUNITIES FOR INDIVIDUALS s OUTCOMES s PAID MATERNITY s PENSIONS s PILOT PROJECTS s POLICIES s POLICY s POPULATION s POPULATION GROUPS s PRICES s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIME AGE s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRESS s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s REGULATORY BARRIERS s REMITTANCES s RESPECT s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SALARIED WORKERS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECURITY s SKILLED WORKFORCE s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL NORMS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SPOUSE s STANDARDS s STUDENTS s SUPPLY s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TRAINING s TRANSFERS s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNPAID FAMILY WORKERS s UNSKILLED WORKERS s VALUE s VULNERABILITY s WAGE EARNER s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WAGE GAP s WAGES s WELL-FUNCTIONING LABOR MARKETS s WOMAN s WOMEN s WORKER s WORKERS s WORKFORCE s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG WOMEN s YOUNG WORKERS s YOUTH EMPLOYMENT s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE English en_US This note presents an overview of the Albanian labor market, and initial insights into the challenges for inclusive and better quality jobs. The note does not intend to be comprehensive, but rather aims at compiling – under an integrative jobs umbrella and the regional framework on jobs – some of the available data and evidence on the Albanian jobs challenge, part of which was prepared for the Albania Systematic Country Diagnostic of the World Bank. By employing the regional report’s framework, the note can guide the Government, development partners, civil society and other stakeholders in identifying the many knowledge gaps that remain for a comprehensive jobs agenda and the work needed towards completing the picture 40 17-11-21 00:18:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939866970 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22474 Volltext, Open Access

1759722359

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722359 OCoLC 1255572172 WBOKR 22470 EBP 064568776 KEP 064568776 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22470 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO City Strength Diagnostic Methodological Guidebook World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCIDENTS s AFFORDABLE HOUSING s AFFORDABLE PUBLIC TRANSPORT s AFFORDABLE TRAVEL s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIRPORTS s ALTERNATIVE MODES s ALTERNATIVE ROUTES s BOTTLENECKS s BUSES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CARBON TRANSPORT s CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICTS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMUTERS s CONGESTION s COSTS s DRAINAGE s DRIVERS s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EMERGENCY SERVICES s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY s ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS s EVACUATION ROUTES s FATALITIES s FATALITY s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FIRE TRUCKS s FREIGHT s FREIGHT INFRASTRUCTURE s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM s FUEL s FUEL AVAILABILITY s FUEL DISTRIBUTION s FUELS s HEAVY RELIANCE s HIGHWAYS s INFRASTRUCTURE s INFRASTRUCTURE CAPACITY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INITIATIVES s INJURY s INVESTMENTS s LAND USE s LAND USE POLICIES s LAND-USE PLANNING s MOBILITY s MODAL SPLIT s MODAL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s MODES OF TRANSPORT s NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE s NEIGHBORHOODS s PASSENGERS s PEAK DEMAND s POLICE s POLICIES s POLLUTION s POPULATION DENSITIES s POPULATION GROWTH s PROPERTY TAXES s PUBLIC SAFETY s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC WORKS s RAIL s RAILWAYS s RESETTLEMENT s ROAD s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SYSTEM s ROADS s ROUTE s ROUTES s SAFETY s SAFETY REGULATIONS s SANITATION s SMART PLANNING s SUBSIDY s TAX s TAXES s TAXIS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAFFIC SAFETY s TRAINING s TRAINS s TRANSIT s TRANSIT SYSTEM s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT ACCESS s TRANSPORT IMPROVEMENTS s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT NETWORK s TRANSPORT PLANNING s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT POLICY INSTITUTE s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICE s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORT SYSTEM PERFORMANCE s TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION AGENCIES s TRANSPORTATION COST s TRANSPORTATION DEMAND s TRANSPORTATION FINANCE s TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORTATION NETWORK s TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS s TRANSPORTATION PLANNING s TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH s TRANSPORTATION RESILIENCE s TRANSPORTATION SAFETY s TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS s TRAVEL s TREND s TRUCKS s TRUE s UNDERGROUND s URBAN PLANNERS s URBAN SYSTEMS s VEHICLES English en_US With most of the global population and capital goods concentrated in urban areas, cities are key to social development and economic prosperity. They are drivers of national economic growth and innovation, and act as cultural and creative centers. Many development partners and other organizations are active on the topic of resilience in cities, and there has been a recent upswing in the development and promotion of innovate programs, tools, and initiatives. Arup International and the Rockefeller Foundation have developed the city resilience framework, which provides a lens through which the complexity of cities and the numerous factors that contribute to a city’s resilience can be understood. The framework is being used to facilitate agenda-setting sessions in cities selected to participate in the 100 resilient cities challenge. Within this global context, the city strength diagnostic was developed to help World Bank staff apply this new holistic approach to urban resilience to operations. It was designed to help facilitate a dialogue among stakeholders (for example, government, civil society, residents, and the private sector) about risks, resilience, and the performance of urban systems. The city strength diagnostic results in the identification of priority actions and investments that will enhance the city’s resilience as well as increase the resilience building potential of planned or aspirational projects. It stresses a holistic and integrated approach that encourages cross-sectoral collaborations to more efficiently tackle existing issues and to unlock opportunities within the city 40 17-11-21 00:18:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939866989 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22470 Volltext, Open Access

1759722367

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722367 OCoLC 1255594555 WBOKR 22472 EBP 064568768 KEP 064568768 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22472 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Braving the Storm Poverty and Inequality in Bosnia and Herzegovina 2007-2011 AGe VerfasserIn aut Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina VerfasserIn aut FBiH Institute for Statistics VerfasserIn aut RS Institute for Statistics VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe and Central Asia s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ABSOLUTE TERMS s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s ANNUAL GROWTH s ARABLE LAND s AVERAGE GROWTH s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s COUNTRY DATA s DATA AVAILABILITY s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING WORLD s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ESTIMATES OF POVERTY s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN s FARMERS s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FOOD ITEMS s GINI COEFFICIENT s GINI INDEX s GROWTH s GROWTH COMPONENT s GROWTH PERFORMANCE s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH INSURANCE s HIGH POVERTY s HIGHER INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHICS s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME DYNAMICS s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INDUSTRIAL SECTOR s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY MEASURES s INSURANCE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LAND OWNERSHIP s LIVING STANDARDS s MEAN EXPENDITURES s MEAN GROWTH s MEASURES s MEASURING POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY s NON- POOR HOUSEHOLDS s NON-POOR HOUSEHOLDS s OFFICIAL UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE s PER CAPITA GROWTH s POOR s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POPULATION GROUP s POVERTY s POVERTY CHANGES s POVERTY DYNAMICS s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INCREASES s POVERTY INDICATORS s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY MEASURE s POVERTY MEASUREMENT s POVERTY MEASURES s POVERTY OUTCOMES s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY SEVERITY s POVERTY THRESHOLD s POVERTY UPDATE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRO- POOR s PUBLIC SECTOR s REGION s REGIONS s RELATIVE CONTRIBUTION s RELATIVE IMPORTANCE s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s SECTORAL COMPOSITION s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION s SKILLED LABOR s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SQUARED POVERTY GAP s TARGETING s TRANSFERS s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POVERTY s WAGE EARNERS s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WAR s WELFARE DISTRIBUTION s WELFARE INDICATOR English en_US This note describes the trends in, and composition of, absolute poverty based on household expenditures, and is thus concerned, as a matter of policy objectives, with access of the population to a particular minimum standard of living. This should be viewed as complementary to the companion note on social exclusion based on Europe 2020 indicators including the relative at-risk-of-poverty (AROP) rate, focuses on low income in relation to other residents in a given country. In addition to the analysis of absolute poverty, the note also presents an analysis of inclusive growth, aimed at assessing whether income growth (losses) benefit (impact) differentially the lowest part (here, bottom forty percent) of the distribution. Other approaches, such as those including measures of poverty based on current income, or self-reported measures of affordability, or approached that differ in the way they set the poverty threshold exist. The choice of World Bank’s methodology for purposes of this report is primarily on pragmatic grounds: (i) it allows for the analysis of trends during 2007-2011; (ii) the same methodology was adopted in the previous report (World Bank 2009) to analyze poverty trends during 2004-2007, thus providing a longer trend; (iii) it allows for comparisons of trends across the entities of BiH 40 17-11-21 00:18:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939866997 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22472 Volltext, Open Access

1759722375

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722375 OCoLC 1255594575 WBOKR 22473 EBP 06456875X KEP 06456875X 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22473 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Poverty and Social Exclusion in Bosnia and Herzegovina Insights from the 2011 Extended Household Budget Survey Lidia Ceriani VerfasserIn aut Caterina Ruggeri Laderchi VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe and Central Asia s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s AGED s BASIC NEEDS s BUDGET s CHILDREN s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s COSTS s ECONOMIC STATUS s ELDERLY s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT INCOME s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FEES s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s GOOD s HEALTH s HEALTH CONDITIONS s HEALTH PROBLEMS s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH STATUS s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD LEVEL s HOUSEHOLD SAVINGS s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s ILLNESS s ILLNESSES s IMPLEMENTATION s INCIDENCE s INCOME s INDICATORS OF POVERTY s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST s INTERESTS s INTERVIEW s INVESTMENTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOUR FORCE s LABOUR MARKET s LEGAL STATUS s LEISURE ACTIVITIES s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LIVING CONDITIONS s MARKET s MEASUREMENT s MEASURES s MEAT s MIGRATION s MOBILE PHONE s MORTGAGE s NATIONAL POVERTY s NUMBER OF PERSONS s OLDER PEOPLE s OPEN MARKET s PARTICIPATION IN SOCIETY s PENSION s PENSIONS s PEOPLE s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s POLICY s POLICY DIALOGUE s POLICY DISCUSSIONS s POOR s POOR INDIVIDUALS s POPULATION s POPULATIONS s POVERTY s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY MEASURES s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY STATUS s POVERTY THRESHOLD s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE TRANSFERS s PROBABILITY s PROPERTY s RECREATION s REFUGEES s REGISTRATION s REGISTRATION FEES s REMITTANCES s RESPECT s RETURNS s RURAL s RURAL AREA s RURAL AREAS s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s SAVINGS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECURITIES s SECURITY s SHARE s SHARES s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL EXCLUSION s SOCIAL POLICY s SOCIAL SECURITY s STRATEGY s STUDENTS s TELEVISION s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TRANSFERS s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN SETTLEMENTS s USE OF HEALTH SERVICES s WOMEN s WORKSHOP English en_US In 2011 the statistical authorities of Bosnia-Herzegovina collected for the first time a national survey which allows monitoring the European indicators of poverty and social exclusion as well as national indicators of absolute and relative consumption poverty. The Extended Household Budget Survey (EHBS) adds extra modules to a standard Household Budget Surveys (HBS) designed to collect detailed information on household expenditures. The additional modules covered the information needed to measure poverty and social exclusion in EU Member states. In this way, the EHBS represents a hybrid solution between collecting a HBS and a Survey of Income and Living Conditions (SILC), the official tool for measuring poverty and social exclusion in the EU, which omits expenditure information. The note is structured as follows: section two presents a detailed description of the data, while section three discusses the three constituent indicators of AROPE, and their mutual relation, i.e. their union (the AROPE indicator) and their intersection. Section four presents additional dimensions of exclusion on which data have been collected, especially those relating to children. Section five presents a comparison of indicators of monetary poverty and social exclusion. Finally, section six summarizes the most interesting elements which have emerged from this analysis and concludes 40 17-11-21 00:18:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867004 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22473 Volltext, Open Access

1759722383

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722383 OCoLC 1255594464 WBOKR 22471 EBP 064568741 KEP 064568741 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22471 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bosnia and Herzegovina Gender Disparities in Endowments, Access to Economic Opportunities and Agency Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina VerfasserIn aut FBiH Institute for Statistics VerfasserIn aut RS Institute for Statistics VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe and Central Asia s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN s EDUCATION GENDER GAP s EMPLOYMENT GENDER GAP s GENDER INEQUALITY s GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE s LAND OWNERSHIP BY WOMEN English en_US This assessment presents a broad picture of the main gender disparities in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) in endowments, economic opportunities, and agency. The report builds on the framework of the 2012 World Bank World Development Report 2012 on gender and development and the World Bank’s regional gender report on Europe and Central Asia: opportunities for men and women, that focuses on the household and individual members’ bargaining power and their ability to access (i) endowments, education, health and physical assets, (ii) economic opportunities, labor market, employment, entrepreneurship, and (iii) agency, political participation and voice, gender-based violence, and the legal framework. The remainder of the report is organized as follows. The next subsections provide general patterns of gender gaps across socio-demographic groups. Chapter one discusses ‘agency’ and describes factors which may shape the process how men and women use their endowments and utilize economic opportunities to achieve desired outcomes. Chapter two, in turn, analyzes gender disparities in endowments, such as health and education. Chapter three focuses on gender gaps in the labor market, entrepreneurship and earnings, access to finance and poverty. The last section, chapter four, presents conclusions and policy recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:18:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867012 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22471 Volltext, Open Access

1759722391

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722391 OCoLC 1255572115 WBOKR 22469 EBP 064568733 KEP 064568733 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22469 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Strengthening Financial Reporting Regimes and the Accountancy Profession and Practices in Selected Caribbean Countries World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Caribbean Latin America & Caribbean s ACCOUNT s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTANCY s ACCOUNTANCY FIRMS s ACCOUNTANTS s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING FIRMS s ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK s ACCOUNTING POLICIES s ACCOUNTING PRACTICES s ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES s ACCOUNTING REFORM s ACCOUNTING REPORTS s ACCOUNTING RESEARCH s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS s ACCOUNTS s ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING s ACQUISITION s ADMINISTRATION s AFFILIATE s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET MANAGEMENT COMPANIES s AUDIT s AUDIT COMMITTEES s AUDIT GUIDES s AUDIT OFFICES s AUDIT REPORTS s AUDITED ACCOUNTS s AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s AUDITING s AUDITING PROFESSION s AUDITING STANDARDS s AUDITORS s AUDITS s BANK s BANKING s BANKING SECTOR s BANKS s BOOKKEEPING s BUDGET s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGETING s BUDGETS s BUSINESS s BUSINESS COMMUNITY s CAPITAL s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITALIZATION s CASH ACCOUNTING s CBA s CENTRAL BANKS s CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS s CLEARINGHOUSE s COLLECTIONS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s COOPERATIVES s COST s CREDIT s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT UNIONS s CRITERIA s CURRENCIES s DEBT s DEPOSITS s DISTRIBUTION s EASTERN CARIBBEAN CENTRAL BANK s ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EMPLOYMENT s ENTERPRISES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPENSES s FINANCE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PLANNING s FINANCIAL POLICIES s FINANCIAL REGULATION s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL STATISTICS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FISCAL POLICY s GAAP s GOOD PRACTICE s GOOD PRACTICES s GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING s GOVERNMENTS s IMAGE s IMPACTS s IMPLEMENTATION s INDUSTRY s INFRASTRUCTURE s INSURANCE s INTANGIBLE ASSETS s INTEREST s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDITING s INTERNAL AUDITORS s INTERNAL AUDITS s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS COMMITTEE s LABOR s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LOANS s LOCAL TAX LAWS s MAINTENANCE s MARKETING s MARKETS s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NONBANK INSTITUTIONS s OWNERSHIP s PENSIONS s PERFORMANCE ACCOUNTABILITY s PLANNING s PROCUREMENT s PROPERTY s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s QUALITY s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY CONTROL s QUALITY OF WORK s QUALITY STANDARDS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPORTING s REPORTING SYSTEMS s RESERVE BANK OF INDIA s RESOURCE MOBILIZATION s RESOURCES s REVENUE s RISK s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAFETY NETS s SALES s SAVINGS s SELLING s SERVICES s SOCIAL SERVICES s STATE ENTERPRISES s SUBSIDIARY s SYSTEMIC RISK s TAX COLLECTION s TAX LAWS s TAXATION s TAXES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSFERS s TRANSPORT s UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s VALUE s WATER SUPPLY English en_US The main objectives of this report are to: (a) provide a synthesized analysis of financial reporting and auditing standards and practices across the countries in which the Institute of Chartered Accountants of the Caribbean (ICAC) is active and (b) provide a basis for recommendations to ICAC and respective national institutes for a regional strategy to enhance the accounting profession and the accounting and auditing practices in the public and private sectors. This report’s focus on reforms and identification of areas and means to strengthen the accounting profession have at their root the conviction that systemic enhancements to the standards and practices of the profession can materially improve the lives of the region’s populace, particularly its less prosperous citizens, through greater transparency, strengthened economic growth and its attendant employment and tax revenue prospects, and greater access to financing for and formalization of the region’s dominant sector-micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). The report finds that a constraint limiting both investment across the region, particularly to MSMEs that characterize the respective national economies, and the efficient use of public resources is the accounting and auditing practices and the financial reporting regimes that prevail in both the public and private sectors. This finding emerges from: (i) a review of Reports on the Observance of Standards and Codes for Accounting and Auditing (ROSC AA) conducted by the World Bank for Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, Suriname, and the countries of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States, and (ii) Bank missions to those countries updating the ROSC findings as well as missions to countries that have not yet had ROSC AA reviews (during which the Bank team met the national accountancy body, regulators of entities that fall within the financial reporting chain, supreme audit institutions, central banks, and so forth so as to secure information that would typically be found in formal ROSC AA reports) 40 17-11-21 00:18:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867020 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22469 Volltext, Open Access

1759722405

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722405 OCoLC 1255594588 WBOKR 22433 EBP 064568725 KEP 064568725 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22433 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Cameroon World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Cameroon s CAREER PATHS s COGNITIVE STIMULATION s EDUCATION s JOB CREATION s KNOWLEDGE GAP s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT English en_US The overarching goal of this study is to facilitate Cameroon’s strategic objective of ensuring a well-educated human resources base in support of its quest to emerge as a strong middle-income economy by 2035. This study is intended to support Cameroon in preparing a national strategy for skills development, related policies, and institutions to boost competitiveness and productivity, and job creation - while being aware that many factors other than skills can limit productivity and job creation, including weak governance, bureaucracy, infrastructure, and taxation policies that directly affect the business environment. The study focuses on skills development for the informal and formal labor markets. For this purpose the authors have undertaken empirical analyses on growth accumulation effects, skills development through the education, and training system that is presented by examining skills accumulation effects, and value-chain analysis that shows the constraints for the demand and supply of skilled and unskilled labor in Cameroon. This report also presents a comprehensive diagnostic of skills development policies and institutions in Cameroon. It analyzes the various mechanisms for skills development and their alignment with emerging sector demand. The study attempts to bridge a knowledge gap about the skills mismatch in Cameroon, and address the question of how education and training can make valuable contributions to developing skills, spurring growth, increasing competitiveness, and helping Cameroon evolve to higher-value products and services. This study attempts to understand the skills in demand by employers, the constraints on the development of those skills, and the skills that make a difference in raising productivity 40 17-11-21 00:18:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867039 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22433 Volltext, Open Access

1759722413

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722413 OCoLC 1255572116 WBOKR 22413 EBP 064568717 KEP 064568717 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22413 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO South Africa Economic Update, August 2015 Jobs and South Africa’s Changing Demographics World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource South Africa economic update,issue no. 7 Africa South Africa s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGGREGATE GROWTH s AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s AVERAGE UNEMPLOYMENT s AVERAGE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s AVERAGE WAGE s BUSINESS CYCLE s CAPITAL s CLERKS s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMPTION s CREATING JOBS s DEBT s DEMAND s DEVELOPMENT s DOMESTIC WORKERS s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC SITUATION s ECONOMY s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL LEVELS s EMPLOYEES s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH RATES s EMPLOYMENT IMPACT s EMPLOYMENT LEVELS s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT RATE s EXPECTED UNEMPLOYMENT s EXPORTS s FEMALE LABOR s FEMALE LABOR FORCE s FISCAL POLICY s GDP s HEALTH INSURANCE s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD ENTERPRISES s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS s INCOME INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFORMAL ECONOMY s JOB s JOB CREATION s JOB LOSSES s JOBS s JOBS CREATION s LABOR s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR INTENSITY s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET DEVELOPMENT s LABOR MARKET INDICATORS s LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s LABOR RELATIONS s LABOR SUPPLY s LABOR–MARKET s LABOR–MARKET REGULATIONS s LABOUR s LABOUR FORCE s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVING STANDARDS s MACROECONOMICS s MANAGEMENT s MARKETS s MONETARY POLICY s OCCUPATIONS s PREVIOUS SECTION s PRICES s PRIVATE ENTERPRISE s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTORS s PRIVATE SERVICES s PRODUCTION s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY CONVERGENCE s PRODUCTIVITY GAINS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH RATE s PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s REAL WAGE s RETAIL TRADE s RISING UNEMPLOYMENT s RISKS s SERVICE SECTOR s SKILL PREMIUM s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED OCCUPATIONS s SKILLED WORKER s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SMALL BUSINESSES s SUPPLY s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TRADE s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING SYSTEM s TRENDS s TROUGH s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT INCREASE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNION ACTIVITY s UNSKILLED LABOR s UNSKILLED WORKERS s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WAGE BILL s WAGE GROWTH s WAGE INCREASE s WORK EXPERIENCE s WORKER s WORKERS s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT English en_US Global growth hit a soft patch at the start of 2015. In the first quarter it slowed to 2.0 percent, quarter on quarter (q/q) annualized, from 2.3 percent in the fourth quarter of 2014. The slowdown was reflected in a decline in global manufacturing activity, on the back of weak industrial production and goods trade data, especially in large emerging markets. Among high-income countries, economic activity is strengthening. Euro Area growth picked up to 1.6 percent in the first quarter of 2015 from 1.3 percent the previous quarter. Growth in Japan accelerated to 2.4 percent in the first quarter from 1.1 percent in the previous quarter. For the second quarter, despite the uncertainty surrounding Greece, the Euro Area Composite PMI in July remained close to a four-year high. Confidence indicators for the second quarter point to further improvements, while indicators in Japan also suggest continued, albeit moderate, growth 40 17-11-21 00:18:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867047 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22413 Volltext, Open Access

1759722421

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722421 OCoLC 1255594376 WBOKR 22406 EBP 064568709 KEP 064568709 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22406 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Activation for Poverty Reduction Realizing the Potential of Armenia’s Social Safety Nets Tomas Damerau VerfasserIn aut Matteo Morgandi VerfasserIn aut Josefina Posadas VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Armenia Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ANTI-POVERTY PROGRAM s ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BENEFIT SYSTEM s BIRTH GRANT s CASH BENEFIT s CASH BENEFITS s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS s CASH TRANSFERS s CHILD ALLOWANCES s CHILD HEALTH s CONDITIONAL CASH s CONDITIONAL TRANSFER s DISABILITY ALLOWANCE s DISABILITY BENEFITS s DISABILITY PENSIONS s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA s ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS s EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE s EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS s FAMILY ALLOWANCES s FAMILY BENEFIT s FAMILY BENEFITS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FOOD POLICY s FOOD STAMPS s FORMAL EMPLOYMENT s FORMAL INCOME s HEALTH CLINICS s HEALTH SERVICES s HOME CARE s HOURLY EARNINGS s HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD LEVEL s HOUSEHOLD NEEDS s HOUSEHOLD POVERTY s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME s INCOME SHOCKS s INCOME SUPPORT s INFORMAL WORKERS s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s LABOR SUPPLY s LIVING CONDITIONS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOSS OF EMPLOYMENT s MALNUTRITION s MARGINAL TAX RATE s MARGINAL TAX RATES s MEANS TEST s MEANS TESTING s MEANS TESTS s MEASURES s MEDICAL EXPENSES s MINIMUM INCOME s MINIMUM WAGE s MUNICIPAL WORKS s NEW DEAL s NUMBER OF CHILDREN s OLD AGE s PARTICIPATION RATE s PENSION s PENSIONS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POOR s POVERTY s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PREVENTIVE HEALTH s PRODUCTIVE ASSETS s PROGRAM COVERAGE s PROGRAM DESIGNS s PROGRAM ELIGIBILITY s PROTECTION SYSTEM s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC SUPPORT s PUBLIC WORKS s RISK MITIGATION s RISKS s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOL ENROLLMENT s SINGLE PARENT s SINGLE PARENTS s SINGLE-PARENT HOUSEHOLDS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL PENSION s SOCIAL POLICIES s SOCIAL POLICY s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL REHABILITATION s SOCIAL RISK s SOCIAL SAFETY NET s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICE s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOCIAL WORKER s SOCIAL WORKERS s SSN s SUBSIDIES s SUBSIDY s SUPPORT PROGRAM s TARGETING s TAX CREDITS s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TEMPORARY SHOCKS s TRANSFER PROGRAM s TRANSFER PROGRAMS s TRANSFERS s TRANSIENT SHOCKS s TRANSITION COUNTRIES s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT s UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS s UNIVERSAL HEALTH s UNSKILLED JOBS s VULNERABLE GROUP s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s VULNERABLE INDIVIDUALS s VULNERABLE POPULATIONS s WAGE SUBSIDY s WAGE WORKER s WELFARE s WELFARE PROGRAMS s WELFARE STATES s WORK INCENTIVES English en_US Since the peak of the economic crisis, poverty reduction in Armenia has made limited progress, with poverty rates moving from 34.1 percent in 2009 to 32 percent in 2013. This slow pace has been mirrored by the limited progress of the labor market (LM), particularly in terms of job-creation. In 2013, about 36 percent of people worked in the agricultural sector, and about half of all workers earned wages through informal jobs. These conditions highlight the need to have a robust social protection (SP) system that not only offers adequate protection to people living in poverty but can also serve as a tool to increase the quality of human capital, which in turn can help improve their economic opportunities. The government of Armenia (GoA) has shown a clear interest in building its infrastructure to deliver SP services through integrated social service centers as a means to better harness its investment in SP. Its vision is to ultimately implement an integrated social policy that personalizes interventions and tries to address multiple constraints that people face when trying to escape poverty— not only through the provision of cash benefits. The objective of this policy note is twofold. First, it provides a diagnostic of the SP system in order to identify the key issues that could be addressed to enhance its effectiveness and efficiency to achieve greater poverty reduction. Second, the note outlines a set of options—policies and reforms—for the GoA to consider as it continues to strengthen its poverty-reduction strategy. It is important to note that the focus of the report is on social assistance (SA) and LM policies for vulnerable groups. Other key aspects of SP—such as pensions, labor regulations, or the functioning of the LM as a whole—are not addressed in this report, and they have been the subject of extensive analysis elsewhere 40 17-11-21 00:18:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867055 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22406 Volltext, Open Access

175972243X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972243X OCoLC 1255594369 WBOKR 22382 EBP 064568695 KEP 064568695 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22382 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Gambia -- Policies to Foster Growth Volume 2. Macroeconomy, Finance, Trade and Energy World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Gambia, The s AGRICULTURE s CAPITAL FLOWS s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FARMING s FOREIGN TRADE s RE-EXPORT TRADE s TOURISM s WEATHER CONDITIONS English en_US While mixed, there has also been progress in the areas of public sector, economic and fiscal management, civil service and justice reform, anti-corruption and public procurement reform. However, The Gambia remains vulnerable to external shocks as the main sources of domestically generated foreign exchange come from tourism and re-export trade whose fate depend largely on exogenous factors. In addition, a major part of the labor force is engaged in farming, and agriculture is vulnerable to weather conditions 40 17-11-21 00:18:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867063 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22382 Volltext, Open Access

1759722448

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722448 OCoLC 1255594370 WBOKR 22340 EBP 064568687 KEP 064568687 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22340 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia Current Account Assessment Milan Nedeljkovic VerfasserIn aut Michele Savini Zangrandi VerfasserIn aut Gonzalo Varela VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACCOUNT DEFICITS s CAPITAL FLOWS s DOMESTIC POLICIES s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FOREIGN TRADES s GLOBAL ECONOMY s INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT English en_US The analysis presented in this report suggests that Indonesia’s recent current account deficit results from the interaction of short, medium and long run factors that can be grouped into four blocks: external shocks, domestic policies, international integration, and stage of development and demographics 40 17-11-21 00:18:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867071 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22340 Volltext, Open Access

1759722456

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722456 OCoLC 1255572199 WBOKR 22369 EBP 064568679 KEP 064568679 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22369 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bosnia and Herzegovina Financial Inclusion Technical Note International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS INDICATORS s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCOUNT HOLDERS s ACCOUNT USAGE s ADVISORY SERVICES s ALTERNATIVE FINANCING s ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING s ASSET MANAGEMENT s BALANCE SHEET s BANK s BANK BRANCHES s BANK CREDIT s BANK LOAN s BANK LOANS s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKS s BORROWER s BORROWERS s BORROWING s BUSINESS ACTIVITIES s BUSINESS PLANS s CAPITAL s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CASH FLOWS s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSULTING SERVICES s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONSUMER PROTECTION s COST OF CREDIT s CREDIT s CREDIT ANALYSIS s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT CARDS s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT GUARANTEES s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT LIMITS s CREDIT LINE s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT MARKET s CREDIT POLICIES s CREDIT REGISTRY s CREDIT REPORTING s CREDIT REPORTS s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT- SCORING s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s CREDITS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s DEBT s DEBT COLLECTION s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s E-BANKING s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ELECTRONIC BANKING s ELECTRONIC PAYMENT s ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA s EMPLOYEES s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS s ENTERPRISE s ENTERPRISES s ENTREPRENEURS s EQUITY s EXCLUSION s FACILITATION s FEE s FEES s FINANCE s FINANCIAL EDUCATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL PRODUCT s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL REGULATORS s FINANCIAL SECTOR ASSESSMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCING s FORM OF COLLATERAL s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s GENDER s GENDER GAP s GENDER GAP IN ACCESS s GENDER GAPS s GOVERNMENT FUNDING s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GRANT s GUARANTEE s GUARANTEE AGENCY s GUARANTEE SCHEME s GUARANTEES s GUARANTOR s GUARANTORS s HOUSEHOLDS s INDEBTEDNESS s INFORMAL LENDERS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTEREST s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE RESTRICTIONS s INTEREST RATES s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENTS s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LACK OF COLLATERAL s LENDERS s LENDING DECISIONS s LENDING POLICIES s LINE OF CREDIT s LOAN s LOAN AMOUNTS s LOAN APPLICATION s LOAN APPLICATIONS s LOAN CLIENTS s LOAN INSURANCE s LOAN OFFICERS s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOAN SIZE s LOAN SIZES s LOAN-TO-DEPOSIT RATIO s LOANS s MFIS s MICRO LOANS s MICRO-CREDIT s MICROCREDIT s MICROFINANCE s MONEY LAUNDERING s MORAL HAZARD s MORTGAGES s MOVABLE COLLATERAL s OUTREACH s PARTIAL CREDIT s PAYMENT s PAYMENTS s POINT-OF-SALE s PRIVATE CREDIT s PROFITABILITY s PROPERTY s PROVISION OF CREDIT s PUBLIC FUND s REAL ESTATE s RECESSION s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT CAPACITY s REPOSSESSION s REVENUES s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAVING s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SECURITY s SMALL BANKS s SUBSIDY s TARIFF s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNFAIR COMPETITION s UNION s VILLAGE s VOUCHERS s WOMEN s WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US This Technical Note was prepared in the context of a joint World Bank-IMF Financial Sector Assessment Program mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina during October-November 2014. Financial inclusion in Bosnia and Herzegovina performs relatively well compared to peers, but gaps remain for selected market segments. Financial sector development and access to finance for firms is constrained by weak domestic demand, high collateral requirements and inadequate credit enforcement mechanisms 40 17-11-21 00:18:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986708X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22369 Volltext, Open Access

1759722464

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722464 OCoLC 1255594496 WBOKR 22370 EBP 064568660 KEP 064568660 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22370 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bosnia and Herzegovina Accounting and Auditing Technical Note International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCRUAL s ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING s ADOPTION s AGREEMENT s ASSET VALUE s ASSETS s ASSOCIATION s AUDIT s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDITORS s AUDITS s BANK s BANKING s BANKING SECTOR s BANKS s BROKERS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CLOSED JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL FOR LOANS s COMPANIES s COMPANIES LAW s COMPANY s COMPANY LAW s COMPANY LAW DIRECTIVE s CONTRACTS s COOPERATIVES s CORPORATE ACCOUNTING s CUSTOMER s DISCIPLINE s DISMISSAL s ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE s ENFORCEMENT s EQUITY s ETHICS s EXCHANGE s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXCHANGES s FINANCE s FINANCIAL COMPANIES s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s GOVERNMENT s GOVERNMENTS s HARMONIZATION s INCOME s INFORMATION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCES s INTEREST s INTERESTED PARTIES s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTIGATION s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENTS s JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES s LARGE COMPANIES s LAW s LAWS s LEGAL ENTITIES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEVELS OF COLLATERAL s LIABILITY s LIMITED s LOAN s LOANS s MANAGERS s MARKET s MARKETS s MEDIUM s MICROCREDIT s MONETARY FUND s MONITORING s OPEN JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES s OPTION s ORGANIZATION s ORGANIZATIONS s PARTNERSHIPS s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PENSIONS s PERSONS s POLICIES s PRIVATE PENSION s PROFESSIONAL BODY s PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION s PUBLIC RECORD s REGULATORS s REGULATORY AGENCIES s REGULATORY BODIES s REGULATORY CAPACITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REVENUE s REVENUES s RISKS s SANCTION s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES EXCHANGE s SECURITIES MARKET s SHARE s SHARES s SMALL COMPANIES s SMALLER COMPANIES s STANDARDS s STATE s STOCK s STOCK COMPANIES s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STOCKHOLDERS s STRATEGIES s SUPERVISORY AGENCIES s SUPERVISORY AGENCY s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRAINING s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TRUST s UNION s UNIVERSITY s VALUE English en_US This Technical Note was prepared in the context of a joint World Bank-IMF Financial Sector Assessment Program mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina during October-November 2014. Bosnia and Herzegovina has substantially aligned its accounting and auditing laws with the EU acquis communautaire and will need to implement the new Directives on Accounting and Auditing in 2016 40 17-11-21 00:18:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867098 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22370 Volltext, Open Access

1759722472

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722472 OCoLC 1255594485 WBOKR 22371 EBP 064568652 KEP 064568652 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22371 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bosnia and Herzegovina Capital Markets Technical Note International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe and Central Asia s ASSET CLASS s ASSET VALUE s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s BANK DEPOSIT s BANK DEPOSITS s BANKING SECTOR s BID s BOND s BOND ISSUES s BOND MARKET s BOND MARKETS s BONDS s BORROWER s BROKER s BROKERAGE s BROKERAGE FIRMS s BROKERS s BUDGET s BUDGETS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET ACTIVITIES s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s CAPITAL MARKET REFORMS s CAPITAL MARKET REGULATION s CAPITAL MARKET TRANSACTIONS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITALIZATION s CAPITALIZATIONS s CENTRAL BANK s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENTS s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE BOND ISSUES s CORPORATE BOND MARKET s CORPORATE BOND MARKETS s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEBT INSTRUMENTS s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MANAGEMENT POLICIES s DEBT MARKET s DEBT MARKETS s DEBT OUTSTANDING s DEBT SECURITIES s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DOMESTIC BANKING s DOMESTIC BANKS s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKET s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKETS s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKET s EFFICIENT MARKET s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUITIES s EQUITY s EQUITY MARKET s EQUITY MARKET CAPITALIZATION s EQUITY MARKETS s EXCHANGE s EXCHANGES s EXPENDITURE s FINANCE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT FLOWS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTORS s FRAMEWORK FOR REPO TRANSACTIONS s FRAUD s FUND MANAGEMENT s FUND MANAGERS s FUTURE s FUTURES s GLOBAL CAPITAL s GLOBAL CAPITAL MARKETS s GOOD s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BOND MARKET s GOVERNMENT BOND MARKETS s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEBT MARKET s GOVERNMENT DEBT MARKETS s GOVERNMENT DEBT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT PAPER s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES MARKET s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES MARKETS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s HOME MARKETS s HOME’ MARKET s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSTRUMENT s INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INTEREST s INVESTING s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENT CAPITAL s INVESTMENT FLOWS s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENTS s INVESTOR s INVESTOR BASE s INVESTOR INTEREST s INVESTOR PROTECTION s INVESTORS s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCES s JOINT STOCK COMPANIES s JOINT STOCK COMPANY s LABOR MARKET s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LENDERS s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES s LOANS s LOCAL BANK s LOCAL BANKS s LOCAL CORPORATE BOND MARKET s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL INVESTORS s MARKET s MARKET CAP s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET CAPITALIZATIONS s MARKET DATA s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET INTERMEDIARIES s MARKET INTERMEDIARY s MARKET LAWS s MARKET PARTICIPANT s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET REFORMS s MARKET REGULATOR s MARKET TRADING s MARKET TRANSACTIONS s MARKET TURNOVER s MARKETS s MATURITIES s MATURITY s NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGES s OPEN-END FUND s OPTIONS s OUTSTANDING DEBT s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURES s PENSION s PENSIONS s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PORTFOLIOS s PRIVATE PLACEMENT s PRIVATIZATION INVESTMENT s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC OFFERING s REGULATORY AUTHORITIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REGULATORY SYSTEM s REPO s REPO TRANSACTIONS s REPOS s RESERVE s RESERVE FUND s RETAIL INVESTORS s RETURNS s SAVINGS ACCOUNTS s SECONDARY MARKET s SECONDARY MARKET TRADING s SECURITIES s SECURITIES ADMINISTRATORS s SECURITIES INDUSTRY s SECURITIES LAW s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKET LAWS s SECURITIES MARKETS s SECURITIES REGULATION s SECURITIES REGULATIONS s SECURITY s SETTLEMENT s SHARE s SHAREHOLDERS s SHARES s STOCK s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKETS s STOCKS s SUB-NATIONAL ISSUERS s T -BILL s T -BILL MARKET s T -BILLS s T-BILL s T-BILL MARKET s T-BILLS s TARIFF s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTIONS s TRANSITION COUNTRIES s TRANSITION COUNTRY s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s TREASURY BONDS s TURNOVER s VOUCHER PRIVATIZATION s YIELD CURVE s YIELD CURVES English en_US This Technical Note was prepared in the context of a joint World Bank-IMF Financial Sector Assessment Program mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina during October-November 2014. Bosnia’s capital markets are currently small, but they have the potential to play a more important role in the country’s future 40 17-11-21 00:18:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867101 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22371 Volltext, Open Access

1759722480

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722480 OCoLC 1255594341 WBOKR 22372 EBP 064568644 KEP 064568644 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22372 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bosnia and Herzegovina BCBS - IADI Core Principles for Effective Deposit Insurance Systems Technical Note International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AUDITORS s AUDITS s AUTONOMY s BANK s BANK BRANCHES s BANK CONCENTRATION s BANK FAILURE s BANK FAILURES s BANK MANAGEMENT s BANK RATINGS s BANKING s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING LAW s BANKING LAWS s BANKING LEGISLATION s BANKING REGULATION s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR ASSETS s BANKING SERVICES s BANKING SUPERVISION s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS s BANKRUPTCY TRUSTEE s BANKS s BLANKET GUARANTEE s BONDS s CAPITAL s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL MOBILITY s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANK OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA s CLOSURE OF BANKS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSOLIDATED SUPERVISION s CORRECTIVE ACTION s COVERAGE LIMIT s COVERAGE LIMIT PER DEPOSITOR s COVERAGE RATIO s CREDIT s CREDIT RISK s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s CRITERIA s DEBT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT GUARANTEE s DEPOSIT GUARANTEE SCHEMES s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSIT INSURANCE AGENCY s DEPOSIT INSURANCE COVERAGE s DEPOSIT INSURANCE FUND s DEPOSIT INSURANCE PREMIUMS s DEPOSIT INSURANCE SCHEME s DEPOSIT INSURANCE SYSTEM s DEPOSIT INSURANCE SYSTEMS s DEPOSIT INSURER s DEPOSITOR s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANKS s DOMESTIC BANKS s EFFECTIVE DEPOSIT INSURANCE s EMPLOYMENT s ENFORCEMENT POWERS s ENTERPRISES s EQUITY s EXTERNAL AUDITORS s FAILURE RESOLUTION s FINANCE s FINANCIAL DATA s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL SAFETY NET s FINANCIAL SAFETY-NET s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM STABILITY s FOREIGN BANK s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CAPITAL s GOVERNANCE s GUARANTEE s GUARANTEES s INDUSTRY s INSURANCE s INSURANCE AGENCY s INSURANCE COVERAGE s INSURANCE FUND s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURANCE SCHEME s INSURANCE SYSTEM s INSURANCE SYSTEMS s INSURED DEPOSITORS s INSURED DEPOSITS s INSURER s INTEREST s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL BANKS s INVESTMENT BANK s LABOR s LAW ON DEPOSIT INSURANCE s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGISLATION s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LEVEL OF COVERAGE s LINE OF CREDIT s LIQUIDATION s LOANS s MANDATES s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKETS s MATURITIES s MEMBER BANK s MEMBER BANKS s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MORAL HAZARD s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PENALTIES s PRESENT VALUE s PRINCIPAL s PRIVATE BANKS s PROBLEM BANKS s PROFITABILITY s PROPERTY s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC BANKS s PUBLIC POLICY s RECAPITALIZATION s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REORGANIZATION s RISK s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK TAKING s SERVICES s STRATEGIES s SUBSIDIARIES s SUBSIDIARY s SUPERVISORY AGENCIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s SUPERVISORY FRAMEWORK s TANGIBLE ASSETS s VALUE English en_US This Technical Note was prepared in the context of a joint World Bank-IMF Financial Sector Assessment Program mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina during October – November, 2014. The FSAP team found the DIA is to be Compliant or Largely Compliant with 12 out of 16 applicable Core Principles and Materially Non-Compliant with three Core Principles. The team found a number of areas where some deficiencies exist in the deposit insurance system and financial safety-net arrangements and accordingly is proposing a corrective action plan to address these areas 40 17-11-21 00:18:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986711X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22372 Volltext, Open Access

1759722499

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722499 OCoLC 1255594342 WBOKR 22373 EBP 064568636 KEP 064568636 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22373 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bosnia and Herzegovina Banking Sector Supervision Core Principles Implementation Update Marc Schrijver VerfasserIn aut José Tuya VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING POLICIES s ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s AFFILIATED COMPANIES s AFFILIATES s ASSET CLASSIFICATION s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSOCIATED COMPANIES s AUDITING s AUDITORS s AUDITS s AUTONOMY s BAD DEBTS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK s BANK BRANCHES s BANK COMPLIANCE s BANK EXPOSURE s BANK FAILURE s BANK FAILURES s BANK LIQUIDITY s BANK MANAGEMENT s BANK MONITORING s BANK OF GREECE s BANK OF SLOVENIA s BANK OFFICERS s BANK PERFORMANCE REPORTS s BANK SUPERVISION s BANKING s BANKING LAW s BANKING LAWS s BANKING REGULATION s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SUPERVISION s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKING SYSTEMS s BANKRUPTCY s BANKS s BUDGETARY PROCESSES s CAPITAL s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL BASE s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL PLANNING s CAPITAL REGULATION s CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPITAL STANDARDS s CAPITALIZATION s CENTRAL BANK OF CYPRUS s CENTRAL BANKING s CENTRAL BANKS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS s CHECKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONNECTED LENDING s CONSOLIDATED SUPERVISION s CONSOLIDATION s CREDIT s CREDIT APPROVAL s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT s CRITERIA s CROATIAN NATIONAL BANK s DEBT s DEMAND DEPOSITS s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSIT INSURANCE COVERAGE s DEPOSITORS PROTECTION s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANKS s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s EMPLOYMENT s ENFORCEMENT POWERS s EQUITY s EXTERNAL AUDITORS s FACTORING s FINANCE s FINANCIAL CONGLOMERATES s FINANCIAL DATA s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL LEVERAGE s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL PROJECTION s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENTS s GUARANTEES s HOUSING s IMPAIRED ASSETS s INDUSTRY s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE s INSIDER LENDING s INSURANCE s INSURED DEPOSITS s INTEREST s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL BANKS s LABOR s LAND s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGISLATION s LENDING s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDATION s LOAN CLASSIFICATION s LOAN LOSS PROVISIONS s LOAN PORTFOLIO QUALITY s LOANS s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS s MANAGEMENT REPORTS s MANDATES s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET RISK s MARKETS s MATURITIES s MATURITY MATCHING s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MORAL HAZARD s NONPERFORMING LOANS s OFFSITE MONITORING s OFFSITE SUPERVISION s ONSITE EXAMINATION s OPERATING RISK s OPERATIONAL RISK s PENALTIES s PRESENT VALUE s PRINCIPAL s PROBLEM BANKS s PROFITABILITY s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PRUDENTIAL REQUIREMENTS s RECAPITALIZATION s REGULATORY FORBEARANCE s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY REPORTS s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RETAINED EARNINGS s RETIREMENT s RISK s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK TAKING s RISK WEIGHTED ASSETS s SAVING s SERVICES s SMALL BANKS s SOVEREIGN RISK s STRATEGIES s SUBORDINATED DEBT s SUBSIDIARIES s SUBSIDIARY s SUPERVISORY AGENCIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s SUPERVISORY FRAMEWORK s SUPERVISORY REGIMES s SUPPLEMENTARY CAPITAL s SYSTEMIC RISK s TRANSFERS s VALUE English en_US This Technical Note was prepared by IMF and WB staff in the context of the Financial Sector Assessment Program in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and overseen by the Monetary and Capital Markets Department, IMF, and the Financial and Private Sector Development Vice Presidency, World Bank. It contains technical analysis and detailed information underpinning the FSAP’s findings and recommendations. A review of supervisory practices was conducted to assess progress towards implementation of the Basel Committee Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision. The system of banking supervision oversight has significantly improved since the last review in 2006, but shortcomings remain 40 17-11-21 00:18:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867128 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22373 Volltext, Open Access

1759722502

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722502 OCoLC 1255594324 WBOKR 22374 EBP 064568628 KEP 064568628 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22374 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bosnia and Herzegovina State Bank Governance Technical Note International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ASSET VALUE s AUDIT s AUDITING s AUDITORS s AUDITS s AUTHORITIES s AUTHORITY s BANK s BANK OF CANADA s BANKING s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING REGULATION s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SERVICES s BANKING SUPERVISION s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKING SYSTEMS s BANKS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL MARKETS s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIT s CREDIT APPROVAL s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT s CRITERIA s DEBT s DECISION MAKING s DECREE s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANKING s DEVELOPMENT BANKS s DISCLOSURE s EMERGING MARKETS s EMPLOYMENT s ENTERPRISE REFORM s ENTERPRISES s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EQUITY s EXTERNAL AUDITORS s FEDERATION s FINANCE s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL RESULTS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTORS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FINANCIER s FINANCING s FISCAL s FOREIGN BANKS s GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT s GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENT s GOVERNMENT ENTITIES s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP s GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS s GOVERNMENTS s HOUSING s INDEPENDENCE s INDUSTRY s INFRASTRUCTURE s INSOLVENCY s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL BANKING s INTERNATIONAL BANKING STANDARDS s INVENTORY s KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LAW s LAWS s LEGAL FORM s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LENDING s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIQUIDATION s LOANS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MANDATES s MARKETS s MINISTRIES s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONALS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s OVERSIGHT s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE COMMERCIAL BANKS s PRODUCTIVITY s PRUDENTIAL REQUIREMENTS s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC OPINION s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s REGULATION s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPRESENTATIVES s RESPONSIBILITY s RETAIL BANKING s RETURN ON EQUITY s RISK s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES s RISK TAKING s SAVINGS s SERVICES s STATE s STATE BANKING s STATE BANKS s STATE INSTITUTIONS s STATE INTERVENTION s STATE OWNED BANKS s STATE OWNERSHIP s STATE SECTOR s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s STATES s STRATEGIES s SUBORDINATED DEBT s SUBSIDIARY s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAXES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s VALUE s VOTING English en_US This Technical Note evaluates state bank corporate governance practices in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The analysis was completed during October 27-November 18, 2014. This TN is not a formal assessment against the Basel Committee’s Principles for Enhancing Governance; rather, it assesses key issues and provides a set of recommendations to the authorities with the view to strengthen state bank governance and the State’s ownership structures in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The governments of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH) and the Republic of Srpska (RS) are involved in their domestic banking systems through equity stakes and subordinated debt investments in certain banking institutions. Banks’ supervisory boards are not performing their intended leadership role 40 17-11-21 00:18:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867136 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22374 Volltext, Open Access

1759722510

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722510 OCoLC 1255594602 WBOKR 22407 EBP 06456861X KEP 06456861X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22407 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Equity for Sustained Growth Pernambuco State Equity Assessment Luis F. Lopez-Calva VerfasserIn aut Aude-Sophie Rodella VerfasserIn aut Mary Alexander Sharman VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Brazil s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO GOODS s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ADEQUATE NUTRITION s ADULT POPULATION s CAPACITY BUILDING s CITIZENS s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s DEATH s DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DISSEMINATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INEQUALITY s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY s ECONOMIC PROGRESS s ECONOMIC STATUS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EMPLOYMENT CREATION s EQUAL ACCESS s EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY s EQUITABLE ACCESS s EXTREME POVERTY s EXTREME POVERTY LINE s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH—POLICY s HIGH INEQUALITY s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD LEVEL s HOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL LEVELS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX s ILLITERACY s ILLITERACY RATE s IMMIGRANTS s IMMIGRATION s IMPACT OF EDUCATION s IMPORTANT POLICY s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME TRANSFERS s INDICATORS OF POVERTY s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY REDUCTION s INEQUITIES s INFANT s INTERNAL MIGRATION s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR TRANSFERS s LEGAL STATUS s LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVEL OF POVERTY s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL DEVELOPMENT s MEASURES s MIGRANT s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MIGRATION FLOWS s NATIONAL LEVEL s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s NUTRITION s OLD AGE s OLDER PEOPLE s PENSIONS s POLICIES s POLICY s POLICY MAKERS s POLICY RESEARCH s POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER s POLICY RESPONSE s POOR s POOR ECONOMIES s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s POPULATION s POPULATION CENSUS s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION EDUCATION s POPULATION STUDIES s POPULATIONS s POVERTY s POVERTY DYNAMICS s POVERTY INDEX s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY MEASUREMENT s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PROGRESS s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PULL FACTOR s PULL FACTORS s PULL’ FACTORS s PUSH FACTOR s PUSH FACTORS s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF LIFE s QUALITY OF SERVICES s QUALITY SERVICES s RESPECT s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISKS s RUNNING WATER s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SAFE WATER s SANITATION s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOL- AGE CHILDREN s SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SERVICES FOR CHILDREN s SEX s SKILL LEVEL s SKILLED WORKERS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL POLICY s SOCIAL PROGRESS s SOCIAL RESEARCH s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL WELFARE s STUDENTS s TARGETING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL CAPACITY s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY LEVEL s TRAINING s TRANSFERS s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s USE OF RESOURCES s VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE POPULATIONS s WELFARE INDICATORS s WORK FORCE s WORKFORCE s YOUNG ADULTS English en_US Starting from the aggregate, this report first describes how Pernambuco has fared with respect to the rest of Brazil, both in terms of economic and social welfare performance, over the last decade (2001-2012). In a context of widespread economic growth, Pernambuco has done particularly well in recent years, similar to or above the national average. A key challenge concerns the longer-term, where – notwithstanding the positive performance of recent years-the same level of growth may not be as easily sustained. The solid economic performance has been reflected in an improvement of social indicators, also associated with the governments interiorizacao strategy, a policy developed explicitly to increase the coverage of public services in underserved areas, with a focus on the interior of the state. The decline in poverty rates displays a trajectory towards convergence with Brazil and recently, a faster than national decline of the Gini has brought Pernambucos income inequality below the national and Northeast level 40 17-11-21 00:18:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867144 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22407 Volltext, Open Access

1759722529

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722529 OCoLC 1255594556 WBOKR 22414 EBP 064568601 KEP 064568601 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22414 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Colombia Policy Strategy for Public Financial Management of Natural Disaster Risk World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Colombia s BANK s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s COVERAGE s CREDIT s CREDIT RISK s DAMAGE s DAMAGES s DEBT s DECLARATION s DISASTER s DISASTER EVENTS s DISASTER REDUCTION s DISASTER RESPONSE s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISKS s DISASTERS s EARTHQUAKE s EARTHQUAKES s EMERGENCY s EMERGENCY RELIEF s ERUPTION s ERUPTIONS s FINANCE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL RISK s FIRE s FLOODING s FLOODS s HOUSING s INDEMNITY s INDEMNITY INSURANCE s INDUSTRY s INFORMATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COVERAGE s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE POLICIES s INTEREST s INTERNATIONAL STRATEGY FOR DISASTER REDUCTION s LANDSLIDE s LANDSLIDES s LIABILITIES s LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s LOANS s LOSS s LOSSES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MANDATES s MITIGATION s MUNICIPALITIES s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARDS s PHYSICAL DAMAGES s PRICES s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PROGRAMS s PROJECTS s PROPERTY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC POLICIES s RECONSTRUCTION s REGULATIONS s REINSURANCE s RELIEF s RESERVES s RISK s RISK ANALYSIS s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK DIVERSIFICATION s RISK INSURANCE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MITIGATION s RISK TRANSFER s RISKS s SERVICES s STRATEGIES s SUSTAINABILITY s VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS s VULNERABILITY TO DISASTERS English en_US Disasters resulting from natural hazards represent an important challenge for Colombia’s fiscal sustainability and stability. Colombia is one of the countries with the highest recurrence rate of disasters caused by natural hazards in Latin America. As the country’s population and economy continue to grow, so will the economic losses resulting from such events, an average of 600 disaster events are reported each year. Colombia’s rate of economic growth is increasing the base of assets exposed to disaster risks, which may lead to significant increases in losses, particularly if investments in new assets are not accompanied by plans for mitigating disaster risk. This document presents the priority policy objectives that have been established to assess, reduce, and manage fiscal risk due to natural disasters. It also describes the MHCP’s efforts to progress its policy objectives in the long term. These policy objectives represent the MHCP’s ex-ante policy framework regarding management of financial and fiscal disaster risk 40 17-11-21 00:18:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867152 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22414 Volltext, Open Access

1759722537

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722537 OCoLC 1255594325 WBOKR 22432 EBP 064568598 KEP 064568598 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22432 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Political Champions Partnership for Stimulating Insurance Penetration in Lower Income Countries Initial Market Surveys Summary Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource s AGRICULTURAL CREDIT s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL SHOCKS s ALLIANCE s ASSET BASES s BANK s BANKING SECTORS s BASIS RISK s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFITS s CASH TRANSFERS s CATASTROPHE INSURANCE s CATASTROPHIC EVENTS s CLAIMS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s COLLECTION PROCESSES s COMPETITIVE MARKETS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s COVERAGE s CREDIT s CREDIT RATING s DAMAGES s DEFICIT s DEMAND s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISASTER s DISASTER INSURANCE s DISASTER PREPAREDNESS s DISASTER REDUCTION s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK FINANCING s DISASTERS s DROUGHT s EARLY WARNING s EARTHQUAKE s EARTHQUAKE INSURANCE s EMERGENCY s FARMERS s FEASIBILITY s FINANCE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL RESILIENCE s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FLOOD s FLOODS s FUTURE s GOOD s GOODS s HOUSING s INCOME s INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s INDUSTRY s INFRASTRUCTURE s INSTRUMENT s INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE ACTIVITIES s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE MECHANISMS s INSURANCE OPTIONS s INSURANCE PENETRATION s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE SCHEME s INSURANCE SECTOR s INSURANCE SOLUTIONS s INSURED LOSSES s INSURERS s INTEREST s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INTERNATIONAL REINSURANCE s INVESTING s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENTS s INVESTORS s LENDERS s LEVEL OF RISK s LIABILITIES s LIFE INSURANCE s LIVESTOCK INSURANCE s LOSS s LOSSES s MARKET s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET PLAYERS s MARKET SIZE s MARKETS s MICRO-FINANCE s MICRO-INSURANCE s MICROINSURANCE s MODELS s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARDS s NON- LIFE INSURANCE s OPTIONS s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s POLICY s POLICYHOLDERS s POVERTY s PRICES s PRICING s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PROFITABILITY s PROGRAMS s PROPERTY s PROPERTY INSURANCE s PRUDENTIAL REGULATION s PUBLIC ASSETS s PUBLIC FUNDS s REGULATION s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REINSURANCE s REINSURERS s RISK s RISK ASSESSMENTS s RISK EXPOSURE s RISK INSURANCE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES s RISKS s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SECURITY s SETTLEMENT s STATISTICS s SUPPLY s UNDERWRITING s WELFARE English en_US After the last Champions’ meeting in April, an expert-level group consisting of donors, insurers and international financial institutions was formed to act on the decision to undertake joint work to scale up disaster risk insurance in lower income countries. Seven countries were selected: Bangladesh, Ghana, Haiti, Kenya, Senegal, Tanzania and Vietnam. The World Bank/Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GDFRR) led in preparing country scoping studies with inputs from the group. These were summarized in a set of country notes. From the country scoping studies, the expert-level group proposes that Kenya, Bangladesh and Senegal are selected for the next phase. This will involve confirming the interest and commitment of the governments to engage in this initiative and undertaking field visits to conduct more detailed, in-country assessment to identify opportunities for scaling up insurance in support of building resilience. Each assessment will result in a recommended program of investment to stimulate insurance scale up. This will include recommendations on how to improve the coordination of existing efforts, how to fill gaps (such as continued investment in market infrastructure), how to scale up pilot initiatives and how to better link insurance solutions to existing financial products (such as credit) and social protection programs. By early 2014, the assessments will be completed. By April 2014, the recommended program of investment for each country will be presented to the donor and insurance community involved in this Political Champions’ initiative for their consideration and commitment of support 40 17-11-21 00:18:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867160 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22432 Volltext, Open Access

1759722545

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722545 OCoLC 1255594604 WBOKR 22342 EBP 06456858X KEP 06456858X 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22342 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Taking Stock, July 2015 An Update on Vietnam's Recent Economic Developments World Bank VerfasserIn aut Hanoi 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ACTIVE LABOR s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s ACTIVE” LABOR s ACTIVE” LABOR MARKET s ACTIVE” LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s AGGREGATE GROWTH s AVERAGE UNEMPLOYMENT s AVERAGE WAGE s AVERAGE WAGES s BARGAINING SYSTEM s COLLECTIVE BARGAINING s COLLECTIVE DISMISSAL s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREATIVE DESTRUCTION s DISMISSAL s DOWNWARD PRESSURE s DRIVERS s EARNINGS INEQUALITY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYEES s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK s EMPLOYMENT PROTECTION LEGISLATION s EMPLOYMENT SERVICES s EMPLOYMENT SITUATION s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s FIRM GROWTH s FIRM LEVEL s FOREIGN OWNERSHIP s FOREIGN- OWNED FIRMS s FOREIGN-OWNED FIRMS s HEALTH INSURANCE s HIGH UNIONIZATION s HOUSEHOLD ENTERPRISE s HOUSEHOLD ENTERPRISES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS s INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS PRACTICES s INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS SYSTEM s INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS SYSTEMS s INFORMAL SECTOR s JOB s JOB CREATION s JOB LOSS s JOB SEARCH s JOB SEARCH ASSISTANCE s JOB SECURITY s JOBS s LABOR s LABOR CONTRACTS s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET EFFICIENCY s LABOR MARKET INTERVENTIONS s LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES s LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE s LABOR MARKET POLICIES s LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s LABOR MARKET REGULATION s LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR MOVEMENT s LABOR POLICIES s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR REGULATION s LABOR REGULATIONS s LABOR RELATIONS s LABOR STANDARDS s LABOUR s LABOUR COSTS s LABOUR DEMAND s LABOUR MARKET s LABOUR MARKET CONDITIONS s LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY s MANAGEMENT s MANPOWER s MINIMUM WAGE s MINIMUM WAGES s NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT s PASSIVE LABOR s PERMANENT WORKERS s PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT s PRIVATE ENTERPRISE s PRIVATE FIRM s PRIVATE FIRMS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR ACTIVITY s PRIVATE SECTOR FIRMS s PRIVATE SECTOR WAGE s PRIVATE SECTORS s PRODUCTIVITY GAINS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENTS s PROTECTING WORKERS s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES s PUBLIC SERVICES s REAL WAGES s RETAIL ACTIVITY s RETAIL TRADE s SKILLED WORKFORCE s STATE- OWNED ENTERPRISES s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNION DENSITIES s UNION DENSITY s UNION MEMBERSHIP s UNION MEMBERSHIP RATE s UNION REPRESENTATIVES s UNSKILLED WORKERS s WAGE DETERMINATION s WAGE DIFFERENTIALS s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WAGE FLOOR s WAGE GROWTH s WAGE INEQUALITY s WAGE LEVEL s WAGE LEVELS s WAGE POLICIES s WORKER s WORKERS s WORKING CONDITIONS s YOUNG WORKERS English en_US Economic activity continued to firm up in 2015, driven by domestic demand. After coming in at 6 percent in 2014, GDP growth accelerated to 6.28 percent during the first half of 2015, the fastest first-half-of-the-year growth rate in the past five years. The recovery was driven by strong activity in manufacturing and construction, which together contributed nearly half of overall GDP growth. Retail sales also performed strongly, posting 8.3 percent (in real terms) in the first six months of 2015, up from 6.3 percent in 2014. However, despite the pickup in retail activity, overall services (which account for nearly 40 percent of GDP) rose modestly at 5.9 percent in the first half of 2015. In part, this reflected a struggling tourism sector, with tourist visits in the first six months down by 11 percent year-on-year. On the demand side, stronger growth was driven by investment (spurred by strong FDI inflows) and stronger private consumption boosted by low inflation. The contribution of net exports turned negative as sluggish external demand weighed on export growth while strengthened domestic activity continued to fuel import growth 40 17-11-21 00:18:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867179 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22342 Volltext, Open Access

1759722553

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722553 OCoLC 1255594526 WBOKR 22425 EBP 064568571 KEP 064568571 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22425 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Initial Market Assessment Country Note--Vietnam World Bank VerfasserIn aut 1 Online-Ressource Political Champions Group country note East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ACCIDENT s ACCIDENTS s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s BANK s BLANKETS s BONDS s BORROWERS s BUDGET s BUDGETS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CATASTROPHE BONDS s CATASTROPHIC EVENTS s CATASTROPHIC LOSSES s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s CREDIT GUARANTEE s DAMAGE s DAMAGE ASSESSMENT s DAMAGE ASSESSMENTS s DAMAGES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISASTER s DISASTER ASSISTANCE s DISASTER EMERGENCY s DISASTER INSURANCE s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISASTER PREPAREDNESS s DISASTER PREVENTION s DISASTER PRONE COUNTRIES s DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION s DISASTER RECOVERY s DISASTER REDUCTION s DISASTER RELIEF s DISASTER RESPONSE s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTER RISKS s DISASTERS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DOCUMENTS s DOMESTIC MARKET s DROUGHT s EARLY WARNING s EARTHQUAKES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMERGENCY s EMERGENCY RELIEF s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY s EXCHANGES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FAMINE s FARMERS s FINANCE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FIRE s FIRES s FLOOD s FLOOD INSURANCE s FLOODING s FLOODS s FOREST FIRES s FUTURE s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GROUPS OF BORROWERS s GUARANTEE s HOLDINGS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE PENETRATION s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURER s INSURERS s INTEREST s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENTS s LANDSLIDES s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LIABILITIES s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFE INSURANCE POLICIES s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN REPAYMENTS s LOANS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL MARKET s MARKET s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET SHARE s MARKETS s MEDICINES s MICROINSURANCE s NATURAL CATASTROPHE s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARD s NATURAL HAZARDS s OPTIONS s PHYSICAL DAMAGE s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PROPERTY s PUBLIC ASSETS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s RECONSTRUCTION s RECOVERY OPERATIONS s REINSURANCE s REINSURERS s RELIEF s RELIEF ACTIVITIES s REPAYMENTS s RESCUE s RESERVE s RESERVE FUNDS s REVENUE s RISK s RISK ANALYSIS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK REDUCTION s RISKS s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SECURITY s SHARE s STORM s STORMS s TECHNOLOGY s TENTS s TRANSACTION s TREATIES s TREATY s TROPICAL STORMS s TSUNAMIS s TYPHOON s TYPHOONS s UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s WIND STORM English en_US Responding appropriately to the country’s high exposure and vulnerability to natural disasters, and capitalizing on a well-functioning insurance industry, Vietnam has embraced insurance mechanisms in disaster risk management and agriculture more vigorously than most developing countries. But some initiatives like the disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategy’s mandate to implement disaster risk insurance are yet to be conceived, while others such as the agriculture insurance scheme have been launched but experienced unsustainable outcomes and need strengthening. Technical assistance to guide this process can have substantial impact, and could include the consolidation of available risk modeling and hazard maps and closing major gaps these may have. Appropriate insurance of public assets will further strengthen the property insurance sector and justify investment in risk models and underwriting expertise that will subsequently be available for businesses and households. A public private partnership pursuing flood insurance for the urban poor in collaboration with existing community-based Disaster Risk Management programs could capitalize on the nascent micro-insurance market and further strengthen inclusive insurance. Vietnam has strong appetite for agriculture and catastrophe property insurance, and the governance structure as well as insurance industry to secure the desired impact of investments. Better incorporating agriculture and catastrophe property insurance principles in social safety net programs could increase the protection of larger populations 40 17-11-21 00:18:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867187 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22425 Volltext, Open Access

1759722561

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722561 OCoLC 1255594576 WBOKR 22397 EBP 064568563 KEP 064568563 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22397 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Making Education Spending Count for the Children of Autonomous Muslim Region of Mindanao Public Expenditure and Institutional Review for ARMM Basic Education Australia DFAT VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Philippines s ARMM s AUTONOMOUS REGION FOR MUSLIM MINDANAO s BASIC EDUCATION s EDUCATION PERFORMANCE s EDUCATION SPENDING s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SCHOOLS s QUALITY OF EDUCATION English en_US The project builds on support to DepEd ARMM through the Australian Aid Basic Education Assistance for Mindanao (BEAM) activity, and further initiatives by the World Bank and partners. Chapter two of this report proceeds with an introduction to ARMM’s development context, including the evolution of regional institutions and the basic education system. Chapter three describes the unique ARMM Public Expenditure Management ‘syndrome’ that contributes to the weaknesses analyzed in this report, and in turn informs its policy recommendations. Chapter four analyzes pub¬lic expenditures for basic education in terms of aggregate spending, expenditure composi¬tion, and specific challenges that the ARMM PEM syndrome poses for budgeting. Chapter five assesses budget execution and frontline delivery aspects of basic education resources, incorporating findings from the facilities survey. Chapter six summarizes the findings on public expenditure management for education in ARMM and derives recommendations both for reforms to ARMM institutions and for consideration by the transition commission and other stakeholders in the preparations for a new Bangsamoro political entity 40 17-11-21 00:18:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867195 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22397 Volltext, Open Access

175972257X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972257X OCoLC 1255594528 WBOKR 22366 EBP 064568555 KEP 064568555 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22366 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO CPIA Africa, June 2015 Assessing Africa's Policies and Institutions World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Africa Djibouti Yemen, Republic of s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AIR POLLUTION s AUDITS s BONDS s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGETS s BUSINESS CYCLES s CAPITAL MARKETS s CITIZEN PARTICIPATION s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CREDIT s DEBT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT SERVICING COSTS s DECISION MAKING s DEFICITS s DOMESTIC BORROWING s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s ECONOMICS s ECONOMIES s EFFECTIVE USE s EFFICIENCY s ELECTRICITY s ENVIRONMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES s EQUITY s EXPENDITURES s FINANCE s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL INFORMATION s FISCAL POLICIES s FISH s FISHERIES s FORESTRY s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GOVERNMENTS s GRANTS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOUSING s INCENTIVES s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE s INSURANCE s INTEREST RATES s LABOR s LABOR FORCE s LAND s LOANS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MANAGEMENT s MARKET PRICES s NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s NATURAL RESOURCES s OIL s OIL PRICES s PER s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POLLUTION s PRICES s PRICING s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROFITS s PROPERTY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROVISIONING s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEWS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT PROGRAMS s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR PERFORMANCE s PUBLIC USE s REGULATION s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RESOURCE USE s RESOURCES s REVENUE s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE GROWTH s REVENUE PERFORMANCE s REVENUES s RISK MANAGEMENT s ROADS s SAVINGS s SERVICES s SOCIAL COSTS s SPATIAL PATTERNS s SPENDING s SUBSIDIES s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s SUSTAINABLE USE s TARIFFS s TAX s TAX REFORMS s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAXES s TRADE s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s VALUES s WAGES s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WATER POLLUTION English en_US The Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA) Africa report describes the progress African countries are making on strengthening the quality of their policies and institutions. Some of the results from this report include: The overall quality of policies and institutions in countries in Sub-Saharan Africa was unchanged in 2014, but there was much variation in performance across countries. More than half the countries in the region saw a change in their policy environment: 10 countries experienced an improvement in their overall CPIA score, and an equal number saw a deterioration. There were divergent trends across policy clusters. Economic management weekend on the back of continuing fiscal policy slippage, as the sharp drop in commodity prices underscored weaknesses in the fiscal framework of several of the regions countries. By contrast, there was some strengthening in the governance cluster, with nine countries showing improvements in scores, more than twice the number of countries with declines. The greatest progress in this cluster was in the quality of budgetary and financial management 40 17-11-21 00:18:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867209 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22366 Volltext, Open Access

1759722588

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 0206:08-05-23 15:56:29.000 0206:07-02-22 utf8 0 Oau Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722588 OCoLC 1255594596 WBOKR 22341 EBP 064568547 KEP 064568547 eng 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22341 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia Economic Quarterly, July 2015 Slower Gains World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EXTERNAL VULNERABILITIES s INFLATION s JOB CREATION s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES 091401070 Wirtschaftslage stw 10342-1 DA-3 091400988 Wirtschaftsindikator stw 15075-1 DA-3 091401194 Wirtschaftsprognose stw 10031-4 DA-3 091366941 Indonesien stw 17578-0 DA-3 2015 DA-3 DE-206 English en_US Midway through 2015, Indonesia remains confronted with an uncertain external environment, and domestic economic policy challenges have intensified. GDP decelerated to below 5 percent in the first quarter and private consumption expenditure, Indonesia’s engine of growth in recent years, is also slowing. Weaker growth has resulted in slower job creation, with recent employment rising only just enough to absorb the increase in working age population. While the commodity downturn since 2012 and policy response have affected output growth the most in resource-rich provinces, employment creation has come under pressure across Indonesia. Yet the scope for policy stimulus is limited and monetary policy in particular is constrained due to sticky inflation and persistent external vulnerabilities 40 17-11-21 00:18:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867217 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22341 Volltext, Open Access

1759722596

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722596 OCoLC 1255594609 WBOKR 22426 EBP 064568539 KEP 064568539 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22426 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Initial Market Assessment Country Scoping Note--Kenya World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Political Champions Group country note Africa Kenya s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s ALLIANCE s ALLOCATION s BAILOUTS s BANK s BANKING SECTORS s BANKS s BENEFITS s BIDS s BROKER s BROKERS s BUDGET s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s CATASTROPHE INSURANCE s CATASTROPHIC RISKS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE VARIABILITY s CONTINGENCY PLANNING s COSTS OF INSURANCE s COVERAGE s CREDIT COOPERATIVES s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CROP INSURANCE s DATABASE ON DISASTERS s DEMAND s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DISASTER s DISASTER EVENTS s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISASTER RESPONSE s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK FINANCING s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTERS s DROUGHT s DROUGHTS s EARLY WARNING s EARLY WARNING SYSTEM s EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS s EARTHQUAKE s ECONOMIC COSTS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMERGENCIES s EMERGENCY s EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FAMINE s FARMER s FARMERS s FINANCE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FIRE s FLOOD s FLOODS s FOOD AID s FOOD SECURITY s GOODS s GOVERNMENT ASSETS s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GUARANTEE s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s INCOME s INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s INFORMATION s INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE COVER s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE PENETRATION s INSURANCE PILOT s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURANCE PRODUCT s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE REGULATION s INSURANCE REGULATIONS s INSURANCE SCHEMES s INSURANCE SECTOR s INSURANCE SOLUTIONS s INSURERS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENTS s LANDSLIDE s LAWS s LENDING s LIFE INSURANCE s LIVESTOCK INSURANCE s LOCAL MARKET s MARKET s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKETS s MICRO-INSURANCE s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MOBILE PHONE s MODELS s MONEY MARKET s MORTALITY RISK s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s POLICIES s POLICY s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY s PRICES s PROFIT s PROFIT MARGINS s PROGRAMS s PROPERTIES s PROPERTY s PUBLIC ASSETS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s REGULATION s REGULATIONS s REINSURANCE s REINSURERS s RESERVES s REVENUE s RISK s RISK ANALYSIS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK REDUCTION s RISK REDUCTIONS s RISKS s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SAVINGS s SECURITY s SET ASIDE s SOLVENCY s SUPPLY s TRANSACTION COSTS s TREATIES s TSUNAMI s WARNING SYSTEM s WARNING SYSTEMS s WELFARE English en_US Kenya has well-established insurance and banking sectors, both of which have demonstrated high levels of capacity through strong profit margins over time. There is high insurance penetration (compared to neighboring countries), sufficient levels of reinsurance capacity and expertise in-country and a ground-breaking innovative mobile money market. Kenya represents an excellent opportunity to make targeted investments aimed at increasing disaster resilience among vulnerable population using market-mediated solutions. Links could be explored to integrate market-mediated insurance solutions into social safety net programs, such as the Hunger Safety Net Program. Coordination with broader Horn of Africa resilience efforts (such as those of the Global Alliance and Political Champions Group) could also be explored. A technical assistance program could be established by donors, looking to enable the government to develop mechanisms and establish frameworks to execute such mechanisms. Property catastrophe insurance markets could also be stimulated. Insuring key public assets (of a given level of building standard) against catastrophe risk would create a market for private sector organizations, as well as demonstrate the viability of property catastrophe risk insurance in Kenya. Such a venture would ensure the critical mass is achieved for private sector insurance companies to invest and develop the market further, looking to compete and provide catastrophe insurance cover to other non-governmental organizations 40 17-11-21 00:18:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867225 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22426 Volltext, Open Access

175972260X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972260X OCoLC 1255594320 WBOKR 22427 EBP 064568520 KEP 064568520 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22427 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Initial Market Assessment Country Scoping Note--Senegal World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Political Champions Group country note Africa Senegal s ACCIDENT s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s ANNUAL COST s BANK s BENEFITS s BROKERS s BUILDING CODES s CASUALTY s CATASTROPHE INSURANCE s CATASTROPHE REINSURANCE s CATASTROPHIC EVENTS s CATASTROPHIC RISKS s CIVIL DEFENSE s CLAIMS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE VARIABILITY s COMMISSIONS s COVERAGE s CREDIT s CROP INSURANCE s DAMAGE s DAMAGES s DEMAND s DISASTER s DISASTER MITIGATION s DISASTER PREPAREDNESS s DISASTER PREVENTION s DISASTER REDUCTION s DISASTER RELIEF s DISASTER RESPONSE s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK FINANCING s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTER RISKS s DISASTERS s DROUGHT s DROUGHTS s EARLY WARNING s EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS s EARNED PREMIUM s EARTHQUAKES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMERGENCY s EMERGENCY PLAN s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTREME EVENTS s FARMERS s FINANCE s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FIRE s FLOOD s FLOOD MANAGEMENT s FLOODED s FLOODING s FLOODS s FOOD SECURITY s HEAVY RAINFALL s IMPORTS s INCENTIVES s INCOME s INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s INFORMATION s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE LAW s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE MECHANISMS s INSURANCE PRODUCT s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE REGULATIONS s INSURANCE SOLUTIONS s INSURANCE SUPERVISORS s INSURERS s INTEREST s INVESTMENTS s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAW s LAWS s LIFE INSURANCE s LOSS s LOSSES s MARKET s MARKET DISTORTIONS s MARKETS s MICRO- INSURANCE s MICRO-INSURANCE s MICROINSURANCE s MITIGATION s MODELS s MONETARY FUND s MORTALITY RISK s MOTOR INSURANCE s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARD s NATURAL HAZARDS s NON-LIFE INSURANCE s POLICY s PRICE s PROGRAMS s PROPERTY INSURANCE s RATES s REGULATION s REGULATIONS s REINSURANCE s REINSURER s REINSURERS s RELIEF s RELIEF ORGANIZATION s RESCUE s RESERVES s RISK s RISK ANALYSIS s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK INSURANCE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK REDUCTION s RISK TAKING s RISK TRANSFER s RISKS s SAFETY s SAVINGS s SLUM s STORM s STORM SURGES s SUPPLY s SUPPLY SIDE s SUSTAINABILITY s VALUE s VOLCANOES s WARNING SYSTEMS s WELFARE English en_US Senegal is implementing a Disaster Risk Management (DRM) framework and has established a public private agriculture insurance company. Rules, responsibilities and operational procedures need clarification, ideally guided by the findings of a fiscal disaster risk assessment. Insurance mechanisms are not considered in (sovereign) catastrophe risk transfer so far. Additional investment in and guidance with data market infrastructure would be necessary for sovereign DRM but would also benefit the spread of catastrophe property insurance for households, businesses and even low income populations who are beginning to see flood micro-insurance. With the public private agriculture insurance company, Senegal has a unique partner for rural outreach that could go beyond agriculture insurance. But the company would require technical support to achieve sustainability and find its role in the social protection framework. There is a unique window of opportunity for micro-insurance in Senegal as specific regulation is being implemented. This has generated momentum that can significantly grow the outreach of insurance but calls for technical and financial support. The most immediate opportunities for promising multi stakeholder interventions in Senegal are in agriculture insurance, where various initiatives have begun specifying the potential. Credit linked property micro-insurance against floods could be explored 40 17-11-21 00:18:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867233 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22427 Volltext, Open Access

1759722618

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722618 OCoLC 1255594561 WBOKR 22428 EBP 064568512 KEP 064568512 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22428 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Initial Market Assessment Country Scoping Note--Bangladesh World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Political Champions Group country note Bangladesh South Asia s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s BAILOUTS s BANK s BANKS s BENEFITS s BORROWERS s BROKERS s BUDGET s BUDGETING s CATASTROPHE INSURANCE s CAUSE OF DISASTER s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE-CHANGE s COLLATERAL s CORPORATE MARKETS s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CROP INSURANCE s CYCLONE PREPAREDNESS s CYCLONES s DEFAULTER s DEFAULTS s DEMAND s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISASTER s DISASTER INSURANCE s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISASTER PREPARATION s DISASTER RECOVERY s DISASTER REDUCTION s DISASTER RESPONSE s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTERS s DISCOUNTS s DOMESTIC MARKET s DROUGHTS s EARLY WARNING s EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS s EARTHQUAKE s EARTHQUAKES s EMERGENCIES s EMERGENCY s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s ENTREPRENEURS s EXPENDITURE s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FARMER s FARMERS s FEASIBILITY s FINANCE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FIRE s FIRE INSURANCE s FIRST AID s FLOOD s FLOOD INSURANCE s FLOODS s FOOD SECURITY s FUTURE s GOOD s GOVERNMENT FUNDING s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROUP SAVINGS s GUARANTEE s INCOME s INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE ASSOCIATION s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE PENETRATION s INSURANCE PILOT s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURANCE PRODUCT s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE SCHEME s INSURANCE SOLUTIONS s INSURER s INSURERS s INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL REINSURANCE s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENTS s LENDING s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY s LIFE INSURANCE PREMIUMS s LIFE INSURANCE PRODUCTS s LIVESTOCK INSURANCE s LOAN s LOANS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MARKET s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET SHARE s MARKETS s MICRO INSURANCE s MICRO- INSURANCE s MICRO-FINANCE s MICRO-FINANCE SECTOR s MICRO-INSURANCE s MICROFINANCE s MOBILE PHONE s MODELS s MONETARY FUND s MORAL HAZARD s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARDS s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s POLICY s POOR FARMERS s POVERTY s PRICE s PRICES s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PRIVATE PROPERTY s PROFIT s PROPERTIES s PROPERTY s PUBLIC ASSETS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s REDUCING POVERTY s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REINSURANCE s REINSURER s REINSURERS s RELIEF s RESCUE s RESERVE s RESERVE FUND s REVENUE s RISK s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK REDUCTION s RISKS s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SAVINGS s SEARCH AND RESCUE s SECURITY s SHARE s SHARES s SMALL LOANS s STORM s STORM SURGES s TECHNOLOGY s TORNADOES s TRANSACTIONS s TROPICAL STORM s WARNING SYSTEMS English en_US Bangladesh has a comprehensive Disaster Management plan, but details on the implementation and sufficiency of funding should be clarified. Strengthening financial disclosure could encourage greater engagement from key local and international stakeholders. The country also offers great opportunities to increase the outreach of insurance to larger sections of the population, especially to those most vulnerable to the substantial exposure to natural hazards and especially flood. The micro-finance market is well developed and provides opportunities to expand the still very limited availability of micro-insurance propositions to the rural population. Index-based insurance programs supported by mobile payment systems have already been piloted and there is considerable scope for this to be expanded, especially when appropriately subsidized to address affordability issues. However, this will require further strengthening of the insurance market, in respect of the implementation of the Insurance Act 2010 and of consumer representation, which is underdeveloped but may contribute strongly to improve the public’s confidence and help the industry to develop successful propositions also for emerging customers 40 17-11-21 00:18:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867241 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22428 Volltext, Open Access

1759722626

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722626 OCoLC 1255594589 WBOKR 22429 EBP 064568504 KEP 064568504 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22429 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Initial Market Assessment Country Scoping Note--Tanzania World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Political Champions Group country note Africa Tanzania s ACCESS TO INSURANCE s AGRICULTURAL CREDIT s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s ALLOCATION s BAILOUTS s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK s BANKS s BIDS s BROKER s BROKERS s BUDGET s BUDGETS s CASH TRANSFER s CATASTROPHE INSURANCE s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONSUMER PRICE s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CREDIT AVAILABILITY s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT GUARANTEES s CROP INSURANCE s DAMAGE s DEMAND s DISASTER s DISASTER COMMUNICATION s DISASTER EVENTS s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISASTER PREPAREDNESS s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK FINANCING s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTERS s DISBURSEMENT s DROUGHT s DROUGHTS s EARLY WARNING s EARTHQUAKE s ECONOMIC COSTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMERGENCIES s EMERGENCY s EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS s EPIDEMIOLOGY s EQUIPMENT s ERUPTIONS s EXCHANGE s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FARMER s FARMERS s FEASIBILITY s FINANCE s FINANCIAL CAPACITY s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FIRE s FLOOD s FLOODS s FOOD SECURITY s GOVERNMENT ASSETS s GUARANTEE s GUARANTEES s INCOME s INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE PENETRATION s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURANCE PRODUCT s INSURANCE RISK s INSURANCE SECTOR s INSURANCE SOLUTIONS s INSURERS s INTEREST s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL REINSURANCE s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENTS s LENDERS s LENDING s LEVEL OF RISK s LIFE INSURANCE s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL MARKET s MANMADE DISASTERS s MARKET s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET SHARE s MARKETS s MICRO- INSURANCE s MICRO-CREDIT s MICRO-INSURANCE s MICROFINANCE s MICROINSURANCE s MOBILE PHONE s MODELS s MORTALITY RISK s MORTGAGES s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s OPTIONS s POLICIES s POLICY s POLICY MAKERS s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY s PRICE s PRICE INDEX s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRICES s PROPERTY s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REINSURANCE s REINSURER s RELIEF s RELIEF SUPPLY s RESERVES s RISK s RISK ANALYSIS s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK REDUCTION s RISKS s RURAL BANKS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SECURITY s SHARE s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOLVENCY s SUBSISTENCE FARMERS s SUPPLY s TREATY s VALUE s VOLCANIC DISASTERS s VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS English en_US Catastrophe exposure in Tanzania is limited and the key perils are drought and flood. These events have minimal impact on GDP but severe impacts on individuals in the agriculture sector, increasing their vulnerability. Thus, while there are merits to developing the agriculture insurance market in Tanzania, less of a case can be made to develop the catastrophe insurance market. Engagement in Tanzania to develop private sector catastrophe risk and agriculture insurance should be seen as a medium to long term engagement. Banking penetration is low, as is insurance and micro-insurance penetration, even when compared to regional countries. In addition, the insurance industry has struggled in recent years with profitability, indicating that insurance technical capacity within the country may be limited. There are low levels of local reinsurance capacity, with the majority of risks being reinsured off-shore. Thus development of catastrophe and agriculture insurance in Tanzania shall involve a multi-year engagement. Initially it is of paramount importance that insurance companies can manage insurance risk correctly (before beginning to think about adding covariate risks to their balance sheets). Expansion of disaster risk insurance into Tanzania could be seen as a second phase of an engagement looking to develop these markets in Eastern Africa, with Kenya targeted in the first phase. Given the comparative advantages of engaging in Kenya (see Kenya note), a potential course of action would be to use Kenya as a demonstration case in east Africa to spark interest in the Government for development of catastrophe and agriculture insurance markets. Using Kenya as a model example, lessons learnt can be applied in Tanzania to look to stimulate the catastrophe and agriculture insurance market. This strategy will also leverage private sector insurance companies that have headquarters in Kenya and field offices in Tanzania (Jubilee for example) 40 17-11-21 00:18:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986725X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22429 Volltext, Open Access

1759722634

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722634 OCoLC 1255594544 WBOKR 22430 EBP 064568490 KEP 064568490 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22430 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Initial Market Assessment Country Scoping Note--Ghana World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Political Champions Group country note Africa Ghana s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s ALLOCATION s ALLOWANCE s BAILOUTS s BANK s BANKS s BENEFITS s BUDGET s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CASH PAYMENTS s CASH TRANSFER s CATASTROPHE INSURANCE s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONVENTIONAL INSURANCE s COVERAGE s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CROP INSURANCE s DAMAGE s DEBT s DEBTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DEMAND s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISASTER s DISASTER EVENTS s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISASTER PREVENTION s DISASTER RELIEF s DISASTER RESPONSE s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK FINANCING s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTERS s DROUGHT s EARLY WARNING s EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS s EARTHQUAKE s EARTHQUAKES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMERGENCY s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EXCHANGE s EXPLOSION s FARMERS s FEASIBILITY s FINANCE s FINANCIAL CAPACITY s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FIRE s FLOOD s FLOODING s FLOODS s FOOD SECURITY s GOVERNMENT FUNDING s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GUARANTEE s HEALTH INSURANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s HURRICANE s INCOME s INDEMNITY s INFORMATION s INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE CORPORATION s INSURANCE COVER s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE LAW s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE PENETRATION s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURANCE PRODUCT s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE REGULATIONS s INSURANCE SCHEME s INSURANCE SCHEMES s INSURANCE SECTOR s INSURANCE SOLUTIONS s INSURANCE SUPERVISORS s INSURED LOSSES s INSURER s INSURERS s INTEREST s INVESTING s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENTS s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAW s LIFE INSURANCE s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL INSURANCE COMPANY s MARKET s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET SHARE s MARKETS s MICRO- INSURANCE s MICRO-INSURANCE s MODELS s NATURAL DISASTERS s PENSION s POLICY s POVERTY s PRICES s PRICING s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PROGRAMS s PROPERTY s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s REGULATION s REGULATIONS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REINSURANCE s REINSURER s REINSURERS s RELIEF s RESERVES s RIOT s RISK s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK REDUCTION s RISKS s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SECURITY s SHARE s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOLVENCY s STOCK s STOCK EXCHANGE s STORM s TIDAL WAVES s TOTAL COST s UNDERWRITING s VALUE s VALUE OF ASSETS s WARNING SYSTEMS s WELFARE English en_US Donors could assist in clarifying the role, building the capacity, and potentially helping to secure funding of key disaster risk management organizations in Ghana. Engagement in Ghana to develop private sector property catastrophe risk and agriculture insurance should be seen as a medium term engagement. Banking penetration is low, as is insurance and micro-insurance penetration, even when compared to regional countries. That said, Ghana has seen rapid growth in the micro-insurance market with the number of people covered doubling in the last 3 years. The insurance industry, while competitive, has struggled in recent years with profitability, indicating there could be need for insurance capacity building and improved governance. There may be however opportunities for targeted investments in the northern part of the country more prone to drought, aimed at increasing disaster resilience among vulnerable population using market-mediated solutions. Links could be explored between social welfare programs and market-mediated insurance solutions. For example, the government plans to expand the coverage of the Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty Program (LEAP) by over ten-fold in the next three years. These mechanisms could scale up programs against post flood events or drought events in the north. Donors could support the integration of market-mediated insurance solutions within the social welfare programs. Using local insurance capacity to bear some of the risk and develop the insurance products could also be investigated. Such mechanisms delivered through social welfare programs will create a critical mass of policyholders, which could spur the development of commercial agriculture insurance 40 17-11-21 00:18:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867268 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22430 Volltext, Open Access

1759722642

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722642 OCoLC 1255594397 WBOKR 22431 EBP 064568482 KEP 064568482 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22431 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Initial Market Assessment Country Scoping Note--Haiti World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Political Champions Group country note Haiti s ACCIDENTS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s BANK s BANKS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFITS s BUDGET s BUDGETING s BUDGETS s CASH TRANSFERS s CASUALTY s CATASTROPHE INSURANCE s CATASTROPHE REINSURANCE s CIVIL WAR s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL INSURANCE s COST OF REINSURANCE s COUPONS s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CYCLONES s DAMAGE s DEBT BURDEN s DEMAND s DISASTER s DISASTER FINANCING s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISASTER PREPAREDNESS s DISASTER REDUCTION s DISASTER RELIEF s DISASTER RESPONSE s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK FINANCING s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTER RISKS s DISASTERS s DROUGHTS s EARLY WARNING s EARLY WARNING SYSTEM s EARTHQUAKE s ECONOMIC IMPACT s EMERGENCIES s EMERGENCY s EMERGENCY OPERATIONS s EMERGENCY RECOVERY s EMERGENCY RELIEF s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EMERGENCY SITUATIONS s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FARMERS s FEASIBILITY s FINANCE s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FIRE s FLOOD s FLOODS s FOOD AID s FUTURE s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GOVERNMENT CAPACITY s GUARANTEE s HUMAN CAPITAL s HURRICANE s HURRICANE SEASON s HURRICANES s INCENTIVES s INCOME s INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s INDEMNITY s INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE CONTRACT s INSURANCE COVER s INSURANCE COVERAGE s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE MECHANISMS s INSURANCE PENETRATION s INSURANCE PREMIUM s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE SECTOR s INSURANCE SOLUTIONS s INSURER s INSURERS s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENTS s LANDSLIDES s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LIABILITIES s LIFE INSURANCE s LIQUIDITY s MARKET s MARKETS s MICRO- INSURANCE s MICRO-INSURANCE s MODELS s MONETARY FUND s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARDS s NEGOTIATIONS s PENSIONS s POLICIES s POLICY s PRICE s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PROPERTY s PUBLIC ASSETS s PUBLIC BUDGETING s REINSURANCE s REINSURERS s RELIEF s REVENUE s RISK s RISK ANALYSIS s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s RISK REDUCTION s RISKS s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SECURITY s SHORT-TERM LIQUIDITY s STORM s STORMS s SUPPLY s TAX s TROPICAL CYCLONE s TROPICAL CYCLONES s TROPICAL STORM s TROPICAL STORMS s UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s VALUE s VALUE OF COLLATERAL s WAR s WARNING SYSTEM English en_US With the Caribbean Catastrophe Insurance Facility (CCRIF), the Micro-insurance Catastrophe Risk Organization (MiCRO), and the Alternative Insurance Company (AIC), Haiti has world champions of catastrophe insurance at the macro and micro level. Nonetheless, there are various opportunities to help scale up the impact they currently have. The CCRIF has found it more difficult than anticipated to adapt its excess rainfall model to Haiti, and the existing earthquake and tropical cyclone cover could be increased meaningfully by paying higher premium. AIC has substantially promoted property micro-insurance in their partnership with Fonkoze, and wants to reach larger populations with other products and additional distribution partnerships. One way to do this might be to retail a catastrophe property insurance based on the CCRIF parameters. The insurance sector in Haiti, however, is generally weak and poorly supervised. Ongoing projects by the development partners are addressing this but advance slowly, and could benefit from more focus, urgency and top level support. Possible incentives could be the outlook to insure public assets, which deserves to be discussed with the government and would provide a powerful demonstration case. Possibilities for mandatory catastrophe insurance like in Turkey should also be considered. Both require a strong professional insurance sector. A further motivation for strengthening the insurance sector is the untapped potential for agriculture (index) insurance that has already attracted projects. Social protection has become a priority of the government, and can be further strengthened with market-mediated insurance mechanisms, like for example cash transfers that increase in amount or outreach based on specific populations’ needs approximated by disaster loss indices. Haiti can benefit from a growing body of evidence that shows how public private partnerships and the use of insurance related principles benefit low income households 40 17-11-21 00:18:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867276 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22431 Volltext, Open Access

1759722650

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722650 OCoLC 1255594471 WBOKR 22330 EBP 064568474 KEP 064568474 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22330 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Developing Scalable and Transparent Benefit Payment Systems in Myanmar Inge Stokkel VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s AMOUNT OF MONEY s ATM s ATM CARD s ATMS s BANK s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK BRANCH s BANK BRANCHES s BANK CARD s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BIOMETRICS s BUDGET s CASH FLOW s CASH PAYMENT s CASH PAYMENTS s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s CASH WITHDRAWALS s CHECK s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s CONSUMERS s CONTRIBUTIONS s COST EFFECTIVENESS s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s DEBIT CARD s DEBIT CARDS s DELIVERY MECHANISMS s DEMAND s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DRUG USE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EDUCATION s ELECTRONIC BENEFIT s ELECTRONIC FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s ELECTRONIC PAYMENT s ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SYSTEM s ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SYSTEMS s ELECTRONIC PAYMENTS s ELECTRONIC TRANSFERS s EQUITY s EXPENSES s FINANCE s FINANCIAL ACCOUNT s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTS s FINANCIAL ASPECTS s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL LITERACY TRAINING s FINANCIAL REGULATIONS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SERVICES PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL TOOL s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FINGERPRINTS s FRAUD s HEALTH INSURANCE s HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE s ID s ID CARDS s IDENTIFICATION s INAPPROPRIATE USE s INCOME s INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS s INFLATION s INFORMATION s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSURANCE s INVESTING s INVESTMENTS s LIABILITY s LIQUIDITY s LITERACY s LOANS s LOCAL BANK s LOCAL BANKS s LOCAL MARKETS s LOW COST s LOW-INCOME s LUMP SUMS s MARKET ANALYSIS s MOBILE BANKING s MOBILE PHONES s MONEY s OWNERSHIP s PAYMENT s PAYMENT MECHANISM s PAYMENT MECHANISMS s PAYMENT SERVICE s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PAYMENTS s PENSION s PENSIONERS s PURCHASE s PURCHASES s PURCHASING POWER s RAPID DEVELOPMENT s RAPID GROWTH s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SALARIES s SALE s SAVING s SAVING MONEY s SCHOLARSHIP s SECURITY s SECURITY INCIDENT s SECURITY RISKS s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SMART CARDS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONS s SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER s SOCIAL SECURITY PAYMENTS s SOCIAL WELFARE s SPENDING s STATE BANK s SUPPLIES s SUPPLY s THEFT OF MONEY s TRAINING s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTIONS s WAGE s WELFARE s WITHDRAWAL s WITHDRAWALS s WORTH pha English en_US Similar to other low-income countries, in Myanmar social protection benefits are usually provided through direct cash or food distribution. With the rapid development of the financial and telecommunications market in the country, there is the potential for a gradual transition to electronic payment systems for current and future social protection transfers, once adequate legal and regulatory frameworks are in place. This will make the delivery of payments cheaper, quicker, safer, and more transparent. In addition, increasing the connectivity of the people of Myanmar, especially the poor and vulnerable, to financial services will not only accelerate povertyreduction but also promote inclusive economic growth 40 17-11-21 00:18:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867284 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22330 Volltext, Open Access

1759722669

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722669 OCoLC 1255594536 WBOKR 22329 EBP 064568466 KEP 064568466 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22329 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Reaching the Poor and Vulnerable in Myanmar Lessons from a Social Protection and Poverty Reduction Perspective Puja Vasudeva Dutta VerfasserIn aut Yuko Okamura VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ACCESS TO SERVICES s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY HOUSEHOLDS s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CASH TRANSFERS s CONFLICT s CURRENT POVERTY s DIRECT BENEFICIARIES s DISADVANTAGED AREAS s ECONOMIC INDICATORS s EMPLOYMENT GENERATION s EMPLOYMENT PROGRAM s EQUITABLE ACCESS s ETHNIC CONFLICT s EVALUATION s EXTERNAL MONITORING s FEEDING PROGRAMS s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FLEXIBILITY s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD TRANSFERS s GEOGRAPHIC TARGETING s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSING s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME INSECURITY s INCOME SUPPORT s INDICATORS s LIVELIHOOD s LIVELIHOODS s MALNUTRITION s MEASURES s MONITORING s MONITORING DATA s NUTRITION s OUTCOMES s PARTICIPATION s POOR s POOR AREAS s POOR CHILDREN s POOR EDUCATION s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR PEOPLE s POOR WOMEN s POORER AREAS s POORER HOUSEHOLDS s POVERTY s POVERTY DATA s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY INDICATORS s POVERTY MAPS s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY STATUS s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRAMS s PROJECTS s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s QUALITY s REGION s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s REGIONAL DIVERSITY s REGIONAL STAKEHOLDERS s REGIONS s REMOTE AREAS s RESEARCH s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISKS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SAFETY NET s SCHOOLING s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL INDICATORS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s STATISTICS s SURVEYS s TARGETING s TRANSFERS s TRANSPARENCY s VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT s VILLAGE LEADERS s VILLAGE LEVEL s VULNERABLE AREAS s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s VULNERABLE PEOPLE English en_US Several government and development partner programs employ different approaches to ensure the inclusion of poor and vulnerable areas and people in Myanmar’s development. Buildingon this experience, this note aims to identify feasible options to effectively reach these groups, as government programs expand. Depending on program-specific choices about geographic focus andindividual, household eligibility, identifying poor and vulnerable areas and people in Myanmar can become more evidence-based, effective, and systematic, as better data become available and administrative systems develop. While targeting is currently done by individual programs, there can be important economies of scale in sharing and developing these systems in a coordinated manner so as to support multiple programs 40 17-11-21 00:18:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867292 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22329 Volltext, Open Access

1759722677

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722677 OCoLC 1255594605 WBOKR 22328 EBP 064568458 KEP 064568458 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22328 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Reaching the Poor and Vulnerable Key Considerations in Designing Targeting Systems Puja Vasudeva Dutta VerfasserIn aut Yuko Okamura VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCOUNTABILITY s ADMINISTRATIVE FEASIBILITY s ANTI-POVERTY s AUDITS s BASIC s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY FAMILIES s BENEFICIARY HOUSEHOLDS s BLOCK GRANTS s CAS s CASH TRANSFERS s CHRONIC POVERTY s COMMUNITIES s CONFLICT s CONNECTIVITY s CONSUMPTION s DATA COLLECTION s DATA MANAGEMENT s DATA REQUIREMENTS s DATA SOURCES s DATABASE s DATABASE MANAGEMENT s DATABASES s EVALUATION s FAMILY INCOME s FOOD INSECURITY s GENDER DISPARITIES s GEOGRAPHIC TARGETING s HEALTH INSURANCE s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY DATA s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HOUSING s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME s INCOME INSECURITY s INDICATORS s INFORMATION s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSURANCE s INTEGRATED SYSTEMS s INTEROPERABILITY s INTERVENTION s INTERVENTIONS s LIVING STANDARDS s MALNUTRITION s MEANS TESTING s MEANS TESTS s MEASURES s MEASURES OF POVERTY s MONITORING s NUTRITION s OUTCOMES s PAYMENTS s PENSIONS s POLICIES s POLITICAL FEASIBILITY s POLITICAL SUPPORT s POOR s POOR AREAS s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR PEOPLE s POOR POPULATION s POVERTY s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY MAPS s POVERTY POLICIES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POVERTY STATUS s PROGRAM BENEFICIARIES s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s QUALITY s REDISTRIBUTIVE POLICIES s REGIONAL STUDY s REGIONS s REMOTE AREAS s RESEARCH s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK REDUCTION s RISKS s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SECURITY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL INDICATORS s SOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s STATISTICS s SURVEYS s SYSTEM s SYSTEMS s TARGETING s TRANSFER AMOUNTS s TRANSFERS s TRANSPARENCY s VILLAGE LEADERS s VILLAGE LEVEL s VULNERABLE AREAS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s WELFARE LEVEL English en_US Many countries develop systems to identify the poor and vulnerable in order to direct program resources to these areas and groups, often to ensure their inclusion in social service provision orcommunity development. Determining eligibility typically depends on the overall program objectives, patterns of poverty, vulnerability and exclusion, social norms, and fiscal and political feasibility. Targeted programs use a range of tools to prioritize specific areas andpeople, in keeping with data availability and existing administrative capacity. Depending on these policy choices, effective delivery systems for beneficiary registration, management, monitoring, and recertification need to be developed, with clear assignment of roles and responsibilities at different levels. Many countries have done so in a coordinated fashion, so the same system can be used to support eligibility verification for multiple programs 40 17-11-21 00:18:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867306 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22328 Volltext, Open Access

1759722685

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722685 OCoLC 1255572026 WBOKR 22327 EBP 06456844X KEP 06456844X 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22327 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Social Protection Delivery through Community-Driven Development Platforms International Experience and Key Considerations for Myanmar Mariana Infante-Villarroel VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY s BANK s BANK OFFICE s BANKS s BASIC NEEDS s BENEFIT PAYMENT s BLOCK GRANT s BLOCK GRANTS s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL s CASH TRANSFERS s CHRONIC ILLNESS s COMMUNITY ASSETS s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s CONFLICT s COOPERATION s CREDIT s CROP INCOME s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISABLED s DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPOWERMENT s ENROLLMENT s EQUITY s ETHNIC MINORITIES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCLUSION s FACILITATION s FAMILIES s FAMILY s FEMALE PARTICIPATION s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FINANCE s FINANCING s FOOD INSECURE HOUSEHOLDS s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD TRANSFERS s GENDER s GRANT s GUARANTEE s HEALTH INSURANCE s HOUSEHOLD s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUSBAND s ID s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME SUPPORT s INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s INTEREST s INTEREST RATES s INTERESTS s INVESTMENTS s IRRIGATION s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s LABOR MARKETS s LATRINES s LOAN s LOANS s MALNUTRITION s MEASURES s MICRO LOANS s MICROCREDIT s MICROFINANCE s MIGRANT WORKERS s NUTRITION s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s PAYMENT s PAYMENTS s PEOPLE s POOR s POOR ACCESS s POOR AREAS s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR INFRASTRUCTURE s POVERTY s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY DATA s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECT s PROMOTION OF WOMEN s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s REMOTE AREAS s REPAYMENT s REVOLVING FUND s REVOLVING FUNDS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISKS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RURAL POOR s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION s RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECT s RURAL RESOURCES s RURAL VILLAGES s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SCHOLARSHIPS s SCHOOL BUILDINGS s SCHOOL FEEDING s SECURITY s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL EXCLUSION s SOCIAL FUND s SOCIAL FUNDS s SOCIAL IMPACTS s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL WELFARE s STUDENTS s SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT s TARGETING s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TRANSFERS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNION s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s VILLAGE s VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT s VILLAGE FUND s VILLAGES s VOUCHERS s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLD s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s VULNERABLE PEOPLE s VULNERABLE WOMEN s WELFARE s WOMAN s WOMEN English en_US Social protection schemes can contribute to poverty reduction objectives pursued through current community-driven development (CDD) platforms in Myanmar by building household and community resilience. In turn, existing CDD platforms provide viable options to promote a transition to government-led social protection delivery. Making infrastructure development more pro-poor andproviding communities with an expanded menu of options, including social protection schemes, can be a first step in enhancing the poverty reduction potential of CDD platforms 40 17-11-21 00:18:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867314 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22327 Volltext, Open Access

1759722693

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722693 OCoLC 1255594606 WBOKR 22325 EBP 064568431 KEP 064568431 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22325 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Strengthening Social Security Provision in Myanmar Puja Vasudeva Dutta VerfasserIn aut Philip O'Keefe VerfasserIn aut Robert Palacios VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ACCOUNTING s BAILOUT s BANK DEPOSIT s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BOND s BOND MARKET s BONDS s BUDGET s BUDGET CONSTRAINT s BUDGETING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s COMMERCIAL MORTGAGE s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s DEFICITS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EQUITIES s EQUITY s EXCHANGE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FINANCE s FINANCES s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FISCAL BURDEN s FISCAL POLICY s FUND MANAGERS s FUTURE s GOOD s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GUARANTEE s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME SECURITY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR s INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE s INTEREST s INTERESTS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVENTORY s INVESTING s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT POLICIES s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTMENT REGIME s INVESTMENT REGIMES s INVESTMENTS s INVESTOR s LABOR MARKET s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDING s LIABILITIES s LIABILITY s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARD s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOANS s LOCAL CAPACITY s LONG-TERM FINANCES s MALFEASANCE s MARKET s MORTGAGE s OLD- AGE PENSION s OLD-AGE PENSION s OLD-AGE PENSIONS s OPTION s OPTIONS s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION PROVISION s PENSION REFORM s PENSION REFORMS s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEM REFORM s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONS s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY s PROPERTY s PURCHASING POWER s RATES OF RETURN s REAL ESTATE LOANS s REGISTRATION PROCESS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s RESERVES s RESTRICTIVE INVESTMENT POLICY s RETURN s RETURNS s REVENUE s REVENUES s RISK MANAGEMENT s SECURITY s SETTLEMENT s SHARE s SHARES s SOCIAL INSURANCE FUNDS s STOCK s STOCK EXCHANGE s TAX s TAX DEDUCTION s TAX RATE s TAXES s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSACTIONS s TRANSPARENCY s WITHDRAWAL s WITHDRAWALS English en_US Myanmar has a mix of contributory and non-contributory programs providing some elements of social security but for a very small section of the population. The government is considering reformsto its pension and other social security schemes. Strengthening systems and ensuring fiscal sustainability should be a priority before implementing new provisions that may strain current delivery and financial management systems and to avoid crowding out other social spending. Should the proposed reforms be introduced, a very gradual transition is advisable. The reforms should aim to develop integrated, or at least harmonized, social security schemes for both public and private sector workers in the formal sector. It will also be critical to have a clear roadmap for long-term coverage expansion to a larger share of the population, particularly the poor and vulnerable 40 17-11-21 00:18:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867322 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22325 Volltext, Open Access

1759722707

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722707 OCoLC 1255594616 WBOKR 22326 EBP 064568423 KEP 064568423 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22326 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Institutional Landscape for Implementation and Financing of Social Protection Programs Towards Effective Service Delivery in Myanmar Mariana Infante-Villarroel VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ACCESS s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCOUNTABILITY s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY s AUDITING s AUDITOR GENERAL s BANK s BANK BRANCH s BANKS s BASIC EDUCATION s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY COMMUNITIES s BENEFICIARY IDENTIFICATION s BENEFICIARY SELECTION s BENEFIT PAYMENT s BENEFIT PAYMENTS s BLOCK GRANT s BLOCK GRANTS s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET CYCLE s CAPITAL s CASH BENEFITS s CASH TRANSFERS s CITIZEN PARTICIPATION s CITIZENSHIP s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SOCIETY s COLLABORATION s COMMUNITY DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT s CONSULTATION s CONSULTATIONS s DECENTRALIZATION POLICY s DECISION-MAKING PROCESS s DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES s DEMOCRATIC ACCOUNTABILITY s DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE s DEPOSIT s DEVELOPMENT BANK s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EFFECTIVE SAFETY NETS s ELECTRONIC PAYMENT s ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA s EMPLOYEES s EMPLOYER s EMPLOYER CONTRIBUTIONS s EMPLOYERS s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPOWERMENT s ENROLLMENT s ENTERPRISE s ENTERPRISES s EQUITY s EQUITY FUND s ETHNIC MINORITIES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FACILITATION s FACILITATORS s FACTORIES s FEASIBILITY s FINANCE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FINANCING s FLOW OF FUNDS s FOOD SECURITY s GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS s GRANT s GRANTS s GUARANTEE s GUARANTEE SCHEME s HOUSEHOLD s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s ID s INCENTIVES s INFORMATION MANAGEMENT s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTERESTS s INTERNATIONAL LABOUR s INTERVIEWS s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENTS s LOANS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL CAPACITY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MOBILIZATION s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OUTREACH s OVERSIGHT s PARTICIPATION s PARTICIPATORY PLANNING s PARTNERS s PAYMENT s PAYMENTS s PEOPLE s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION s RELEVANCE s REVENUE s REVENUES s REVOLVING FUNDS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAFETY NETS s SECURITY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SMART CARDS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS s SOCIAL AUDITS s SOCIAL MAPPING s SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS s SOCIAL PENSIONS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL PROTECTION INSTRUMENTS s SOCIAL PROTECTION INTERVENTIONS s SOCIAL PROTECTION PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGY s SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICE s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL WELFARE s STAKEHOLDER s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT s STAKEHOLDERS s STUDENTS s SURVEY s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TRANSFER PROGRAMS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT COSTS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNION s VILLAGE s VILLAGE MEETINGS s VILLAGES s VOUCHER s VULNERABLE CHILDREN s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WELFARE s WOMEN English en_US Defining appropriate institutional and financing arrangements is crucial to achieve sustainable social protection in Myanmar. This will require setting up overarching coordination mechanisms, with strong political leadership at the union level complemented by a more prominent role for region/state governments and local-level structures in social protection programming, financing, and delivery. This will lead to an effective and sustainable social protection system that addresses local priorities and increases accountability to citizens 40 17-11-21 00:18:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867330 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22326 Volltext, Open Access

1759722715

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722715 OCoLC 1255594537 WBOKR 22323 EBP 064568415 KEP 064568415 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22323 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Experience of Cash Transfers in Myanmar Lessons from a Social Protection and Poverty Reduction Perspective Mariana Infante-Villarroel VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ACCESS TO FOOD s ACUTE MALNUTRITION s ANTENATAL CARE s BASIC NEEDS s BIRTH ATTENDANTS s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CASH INCOME s CASH TRANSFERS s CHILD HEALTH SERVICES s CHILDREN s CONFLICT s CONSUMPTION s CORRELATES OF POVERTY s DAILY INCOME s DISASTERS s FAMILIES s FOOD s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD MARKETS s FOOD RATIONS s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD TRANSFERS s GAMBLING s HEALTH s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE s IMMUNIZATION s IMPLEMENTATION s INCOME s INEQUALITY s INSURANCE s KNOWLEDGE s LIVELIHOOD SECURITY s MALNUTRITION s MEASURES s MIGRATION s NUTRITION s NUTRITION EDUCATION s NUTRITION OUTCOMES s OUTREACH ACTIVITIES s POOR s POOR CHILDREN s POOR FAMILIES s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR’ BENEFICIARIES s POSTNATAL CARE s POVERTY s POVERTY REDUCTION s PREGNANCY s PREGNANT WOMEN s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s REGION s REGISTRATION s REMOTE AREAS s REMOTE COMMUNITIES s RICE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISKS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL POPULATION s SAFETY NET s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOLING s SIBLINGS s SINGLE PARENTS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s STRATEGY s TARGETING s TARGETING MECHANISMS s TRANSFERS s VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT s VILLAGE LEADERS s VIOLENCE s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s VULNERABLE PEOPLE s WEALTH GROUPS s WFP s WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME English en_US Cash is an appropriate instrument to provide assistance to poor and vulnerable households in most contexts in Myanmar. Cash transfers (CTs) have the potential to help poor and vulnerable householdsmeet basic needs and encourage investments in human capital accumulation. Building on existing programs such as the stipends program and testing CTs with relatively simple design and implementation arrangements can be a viable option in the short term 40 17-11-21 00:18:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867349 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22323 Volltext, Open Access

1759722723

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722723 OCoLC 1255594623 WBOKR 22324 EBP 064568407 KEP 064568407 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22324 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Social Protection for Disaster Risk Management Opportunities for Myanmar Inge Stokkel VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ASPECTS OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT s BANK s BANKS s CASH BENEFITS s CASH TRANSFERS s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATIC SHOCKS s COPING MECHANISMS s DAMAGE s DAMAGES s DECLARATION s DELIVERY MECHANISMS s DISASTER s DISASTER COMMUNITY s DISASTER EVENTS s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISASTER PREPAREDNESS s DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AGENCY s DISASTER PREVENTION s DISASTER RECOVERY s DISASTER REDUCTION s DISASTER RELIEF s DISASTER RESPONSE s DISASTER RESPONSES s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTER VICTIMS s DISASTER-AFFECTED PEOPLE s DISASTER-AFFECTED POPULATIONS s DISASTERS s DOCUMENTS s DROUGHT s DROUGHTS s EARLY WARNING s EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS s EARTHQUAKE s EARTHQUAKES s EMERGENCIES s EMERGENCY s EMERGENCY AID s EMERGENCY FOOD s EMERGENCY NEEDS s EMERGENCY OPERATIONS s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s ERUPTION s EXTREME EVENTS s EXTREME WEATHER s EXTREME WEATHER EVENT s EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS s FARMERS s FIRE s FIRES s FLOOD s FLOODING s FLOODS s FOOD ASSISTANCE s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD SECURITY s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE s IMPACT OF DISASTERS s INFORMAL SAFETY NETS s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INSURANCE s INSURANCE MECHANISMS s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE SCHEMES s INTERNATIONAL STRATEGY FOR DISASTER REDUCTION s LANDSLIDES s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARD s NATURAL HAZARDS s RECONSTRUCTION s REDUCING POVERTY s REHABILITATION PROGRAMS s RELIEF s RESCUE s RESPONSE TO DISASTER s RISK s RISK COPING s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MITIGATION s RISK REDUCTION s RISKS s SAFETY s SAFETY NETS s SAVING s SAVINGS s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SEARCH AND RESCUE s SERVICE DELIVERY s SMOOTHING CONSUMPTION s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL PROTECTION INSTRUMENT s SOCIAL PROTECTION INSTRUMENTS s SOCIAL PROTECTION INTERVENTIONS s SOCIAL PROTECTION MECHANISM s SOCIAL PROTECTION PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL WELFARE s STORM s STORMS s SUBSISTENCE FARMERS s TECHNOLOGY s TENTS s TRANSFER BENEFITS s TRANSFER PROGRAMS s TSUNAMI s TSUNAMIS s VICTIMS s VULNERABILITY TO DISASTERS s VULNERABLE COMMUNITIES s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s VULNERABLE PEOPLE s WARNING SYSTEMS s WEATHER EVENT s WEATHER EVENTS s WORK PROGRAM English en_US Social protection can help build people’s social and economic resilience against disasters in Myanmar. Regular cash transfers, including public works programs, can help smooth consumption,build and maintain assets, and develop human capital to better cope with natural hazards. Disaster risk management (DRM) systems can be linked to social protection programs to trigger a safetynet response in times of emergencies. Community-driven development (CDD) programs could provide a useful platform for social protection programming to respond to disasters and build long termresilience in Myanmar 40 17-11-21 00:18:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867357 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22324 Volltext, Open Access

1759722731

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722731 OCoLC 1255594591 WBOKR 22322 EBP 064568393 KEP 064568393 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22322 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Experience of Public Works Programs in Myanmar Lessons from a Social Protection and Poverty Reduction Perspective Mariana Infante-Villarroel VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO FOOD s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER s AGRICULTURAL WAGES s AGRICULTURE s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s BENEFICIARY HOUSEHOLDS s BETTER ACCESS TO MARKETS s BLOCK GRANTS s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CASH TRANSFERS s CHILD LABOR s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY s COMMUNITY ASSETS s COMMUNITY COMMITTEES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s CONFLICT s CONSUMPTION s COPING MECHANISMS s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s DAILY WAGE s DESCRIPTION s DESIGN s DIRECT BENEFICIARIES s DIVERSIFICATION s DRINKING WATER s DROUGHT s DRY SEASON s ECOLOGICAL ZONES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELDERLY PEOPLE s EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS s FACILITIES s FARMLAND s FOOD s FOOD BASKET s FOOD FOR WORK s FOOD GAP s FOOD GAPS s FOOD GOODS s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SHORTAGES s FOODS s GENDER s HEALTH s HOUSEHOLD s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLDS s INCOME s INCOME INSECURITY s INTERVENTION s IRRIGATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS s LIVELIHOOD SECURITY s LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES s LIVING CONDITIONS s MARKET s MARKETS s NUTRITION s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s PADDY s PARTICIPATION s PARTICIPATORY METHODS s POOR s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR INFRASTRUCTURE s POOR LIVING s POORER AREAS s POVERTY s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PROJECT s PROJECTS s PROTEIN s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s PULSES s REGION s REGIONAL PROGRAMS s REGIONS s RESETTLEMENT s RICE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISKS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL POPULATION s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SERVICE s SERVICES s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s TARGETING s TRAINING s TRAININGS s TRANSFERS s UNEMPLOYMENT s VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT s VILLAGE LEADERS s VILLAGE LEVEL s VILLAGE TRACTS s VILLAGES s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s WAGE RATES s WEALTH GROUPS s WFP s WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME English en_US Public Work Programs (PWPs) can be a useful tool for poverty reduction and social protection provision in Myanmar by presenting a coherent framework to achieve several objectives (seasonal income and food security, disaster recovery, community resilience, social cohesion). For PWPsto be effective and sustainable, design should respond to local conditions and implementation should engage government structures that provide a scalable platform 40 17-11-21 00:18:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867365 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22322 Volltext, Open Access

175972274X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972274X OCoLC 1255594597 WBOKR 22320 EBP 064568385 KEP 064568385 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22320 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Framework for the Development of Social Protection Systems Lessons from International Experience Mariana Infante-Villarroel VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ANTI-POVERTY PROGRAMS s ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS s AVAILABILITY OF SERVICES s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BENEFIT AMOUNT s CASH ASSISTANCE s CASH BENEFIT s CASH PAYMENTS s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS s CASH TRANSFERS s CHILD ALLOWANCES s CHILD LABOR s CHRONIC POVERTY s CHRONICALLY POOR s COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTURE s COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT s CONDITIONAL CASH s CONFLICT s CONTRIBUTORY PENSION s CONTRIBUTORY PENSIONS s COPING STRATEGIES s DEATH s DISABILITY INSURANCE s DISABILITY PENSIONS s DONOR FUNDING s DROUGHT s ECONOMIC DOWNTURNS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s EMERGENCY FOOD s EMERGENCY RELIEF s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE s ENERGY SUBSIDIES s FAMINE s FEEDING PROGRAMS s FINANCIAL CRISES s FOOD AID s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD DISTRIBUTION s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD RATIONS s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD TRANSFERS s FORMAL EMPLOYMENT s HEALTH CENTER s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH CLINIC s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HOME CARE s HOUSEHOLD LEVEL s HOUSEHOLD LEVELS s HOUSEHOLD TRANSFERS s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMANITARIAN EMERGENCIES s INCOME s INCOME SECURITY s INCOME SHOCKS s INCOME SUPPORT s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY REDUCTION s INFORMAL SUPPORT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s INSURANCE PROGRAM s IRRIGATION INFRASTRUCTURE s JOB TRAINING s LABOR MARKET POLICIES s LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s LEAN SEASON s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOAN PROGRAM s LOSS OF INCOME s MALNUTRITION s MARKET WAGE s MEASURES s MEDICAL SERVICES s NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE s NEAR‐POOR s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s OLD AGE s PENSION s PENSIONS s POCKET EXPENDITURE s POOR s POVERTY s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY PROGRAMS s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE TRANSFERS s PRODUCTIVE ASSETS s PROGRAM COVERAGE s PROTECTION POLICIES s PROTECTION POLICY s PROTECTION SYSTEM s PROTECTION SYSTEMS s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s RATIONS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MITIGATION s RISKS s ROAD CONSTRUCTION s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL WORKS s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NET PROGRAMS s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SHORT-TERM EMPLOYMENT s SKILLED WORKERS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL CONTRACT s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL FUNDS s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAMS s SOCIAL INVESTMENTS s SOCIAL PENSION s SOCIAL PENSIONS s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL RISK s SOCIAL SAFETY NET s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL TRANSFER s SOCIAL WELFARE s SUBSIDIES s SUBSIDY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TARGETING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT s TRANSFER AMOUNT s TRANSFER OF CASH s TRANSFER PROGRAMS s TRANSFERS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNIVERSAL BENEFITS s UNIVERSAL HEALTH s UNSKILLED WORK s UNSKILLED WORKERS s VOUCHERS s VULNERABLE CHILDREN s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s VULNERABLE POPULATIONS s WELFARE s WELFARE PROGRAMS s WORK PROGRAM s WORK PROGRAMS s WORK PROJECTS s WORKFARE s WORKS PROGRAMS English en_US Many countries have used social protection to achieve broader development goals, particularly on poverty reduction and inclusive growth. A wide range of social protection programs allows countries to tackle specific development constraints at national, community, and household levels; provide support to particular population groups; and enhance growth-promoting opportunities.For instance, public works programs and cash transfers are important and flexible social assistance programs that can be tailored to achieve specific objectives and adjusted to various levels of institutional capacity. They can also be implemented as national and centralized programs or delivered in a more decentralized fashion through community-driven development platforms 40 17-11-21 00:18:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867373 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22320 Volltext, Open Access

1759722758

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722758 OCoLC 1255594598 WBOKR 22321 EBP 064568377 KEP 064568377 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22321 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Inventory of Social Protection Programs in Myanmar Mariana Infante-Villarroel VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ADOLESCENTS s BASIC EDUCATION s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFIT PAYMENT s CASH TRANSFERS s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD PROTECTION s CIVIL SERVICE PENSION s CIVIL SERVICE PENSIONS s COMMUNITY MECHANISMS s COPING MECHANISMS s COVERAGE s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DISASTER RELIEF s DISASTERS s EARLY CHILDHOOD s ELDERLY s EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE s EMERGENCY RELIEF s EMPLOYEES s FOOD ASSISTANCE s FOOD SECURITY s GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH s HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY s HUMAN CAPITAL s ILLNESS s IMMIGRATION s INFORMATION s INFORMATION MANAGEMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION s LABOR MARKET s LAW s LIFE CYCLE s MANDATES s MATERNAL HEALTH s MIGRANT s MIGRANT WORKERS s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s NATIONAL DIALOGUE s NATURAL DISASTERS s NEWBORNS s NUTRITION s OLD AGE s OLDER PEOPLE s ORPHANS s PENSION s PENSION PROGRAMS s PENSION SCHEME s PENSIONERS s PENSIONS s POLICY s POLICY DEVELOPMENT s POLICY DEVELOPMENTS s POLICY DISCUSSIONS s POPULATION s POPULATION GROUPS s POPULATIONS s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC SUPPORT s RESPECT s RISK s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISKS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NET PROGRAMS s SAFETY NETS s SCHOOL ENROLLMENT s SCHOOL STUDENTS s SCHOOL YEAR s SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SCHEMES s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL PENSIONS s SOCIAL POLICY s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL PROTECTION INTERVENTIONS s SOCIAL PROTECTION POLICY s SOCIAL PROTECTION PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SECURITY REFORMS s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL WELFARE s STUDENTS s SUSTAINABILITY s TRAINING s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE POPULATIONS s VULNERABLE WOMEN s WELFARE s WOMEN s WORKING-AGE POPULATION s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION s YOUNG CHILDREN English en_US Myanmar’s spending on and coverage of social protection programs is low. Developing the building blocks of a social protection system needs to be a gradual process based on strengtheninginstitutional capacity and ensuring fiscal sustainability. Key social security reforms and the expansion of government-led social assistance programs can promote poverty reduction and help Myanmar address vulnerabilities in an effective and sustainable way. Development partners’ experience can be an important asset government can resort to when designing and implementing social assistance in Myanmar 40 17-11-21 00:18:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867381 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22321 Volltext, Open Access

1759722766

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722766 OCoLC 1255594538 WBOKR 22319 EBP 064568369 KEP 064568369 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22319 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Risks and Vulnerabilities along the Life Cycle Role for Social Protection in Myanmar Puja Vasudeva Dutta VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ABUSE s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE s AGED s ANTENATAL CARE s ARMED CONFLICT s BASIC NEEDS s BREAST FEEDING s CARE FOR CHILDREN s CASUAL EMPLOYMENT s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD NUTRITION s CHILDREN s CITIZENS s COMMUNICABLE DISEASES s CYCLE OF POVERTY s DEATH RATES s DECLINE IN FERTILITY s DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES s DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION s DEPARTMENT OF POPULATION s DEVELOPMENT GOALS s DISABILITIES s DISABILITY s DISASTERS s DISEASES s EARLY CHILDHOOD s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC STATUS s ELDERLY s EMERGENCY RELIEF s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s EPIDEMIC s EQUITABLE ACCESS s ETHNIC GROUPS s EXPOSURE TO HEALTH RISKS s EXTERNAL MIGRATION s FAMILIES s FEASIBILITY STUDIES s FERTILITY s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD SECURITY s FORMAL EDUCATION s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER ROLES s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH RISKS s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HYGIENE s ILL-HEALTH s ILLNESS s IMMUNIZATION s IMPLEMENTATION s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME SECURITY s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INFANT MORTALITY RATES s INFECTIOUS DISEASES s INTERNAL MIGRANTS s INTERNAL MIGRATION s INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS s IRREGULAR MIGRANTS s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR SUPPLY s LAND OWNERSHIP s LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIFELONG LEARNING s LIVE BIRTHS s LIVING CONDITIONS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s MALARIA s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MEDICAL ATTENTION s MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MORTALITY s MORTALITY RATE s NATURAL DISASTER s NUMBER OF DEATHS s NUTRITION s OBESITY s OLD AGE s OLDER PEOPLE s OLDER PERSONS s ORPHANS s PEACE s PENSIONS s PEOPLE s PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES s POLICIES s POLICY s POLITICAL CHANGE s POOR FAMILIES s POOR HEALTH s POOR NUTRITION s POPULATION s POPULATION CENSUS s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION ESTIMATES s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PROGRESS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SERVICE s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE s REMITTANCES s RISK OF DEATH s RISKS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL POPULATION s SAFE WATER s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SANITATION s SCHOOL AGE s SCHOOL QUALITY s SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SERVICE DELIVERY s SHORT SUPPLY s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL WELFARE s STRATEGY s STUDENTS s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TRADITIONAL GENDER ROLES s TRAINING s TUBERCULOSIS s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN POVERTY s VACCINATION s VIOLENCE s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WEIGHT s WOMEN s WOMEN MIGRANTS s WORKERS s WORKING POPULATION s WORKING-AGE POPULATION s YOUNG CHILDREN s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG PEOPLE pha English en_US Myanmar is a country in transition with great regional diversity. It is still a relatively young country with the highest share of its population at active working age. Myanmar’s more pressing needs are the following: a) reducing the incidence of poverty and improving human development outcomes, with a particular emphasis on reaching the poor and vulnerable. Children from poor families fare worse when it comes to nutrition, and education outcomes; and b) addressing the insecurity of incomes and developing mechanisms to reduce exposure to risks and ability to cope with ill-health, disasters and other shocks. This suggests a critical role for social protectionpolicies and programs in Myanmar’s strategy for poverty reduction and people-centered development 40 17-11-21 00:18:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986739X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22319 Volltext, Open Access

1759722774

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:35.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722774 OCoLC 1255594577 WBOKR 22316 EBP 064568350 KEP 064568350 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22316 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Poverty and Shared Prosperity in Brazil's Metropolitan Regions Taking Stock and Identifying Priorities World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Brazil s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ABSOLUTE POVERTY LINE s ACCESS TO ASSETS s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACCESS TO SERVICES s BASIC SANITATION s CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM s CHRONIC POVERTY s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION s CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE s COST EFFECTIVENESS s COUNTERFACTUAL s DIMENSIONAL POVERTY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s EDUCATION POVERTY s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EQUITABLE ACCESS s EXTREME POVERTY s EXTREME POVERTY LINE s EXTREME POVERTY LINES s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FOOD BASKET s GINI INDEX s GROWTH s GROWTH RATE s HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHICS s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME POVERTY s INCOME REDISTRIBUTION s INDICATORS OF POVERTY s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY REDUCTION s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INSURANCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET POLICIES s LAGGING REGIONS s LAND VALUE s LOW WAGES s MEAN INCOME s MEASURES s METROPOLITAN REGION s METROPOLITAN REGIONS s PER CAPITA GROWTH s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POOR s POOR AREAS s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR INDIVIDUALS s POOR PEOPLE s POOR WOMEN s POVERTY s POVERTY ACROSS COUNTRIES s POVERTY COMPARISONS s POVERTY INDEX s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY MEASUREMENT s POVERTY MEASURES s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s QUALITY OF LIFE s REDUCED POVERTY s REDUCTION IN POVERTY s REDUCTION OF POVERTY s REGION s REGIONAL DIFFERENCES s REGIONAL POVERTY s REGIONAL POVERTY LINES s REGIONAL SCIENCE s REGIONAL STUDIES s REGIONS s RISKS s RURAL s RURAL AREA s RURAL AREAS s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL MIGRANTS s RURAL POOR s RURAL SETTINGS s SAFETY NETS s SANITATION s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOLING s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SPATIAL DIFFERENCES s SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION s SPATIAL DYNAMICS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSFERS s TRANSIENT POOR s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AREAS s VULNERABILITY OF FAMILIES s VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s VULNERABLE PEOPLE s WAGE DISPARITIES s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WELFARE MEASURE English en_US In the 20th Century, Brazil rapidly urbanized and is now not only an urban nation but a metropolitan one. Brazils sprawling regioes metropolitanas (metropolitan regions, or RMs, which are municipal clusters) are now home to almost 50 million people and much of the countrys economic vitality. The RM spatial level and its supporting governmental institutions have thus become critical to Brazils future development. While challenges remain for tackling deprivation in rural areas, poverty in Brazil is now predominantly urban. More than six in 10 Brazilians in extreme poverty were living in urban settings as of 2012. Of these, over a fourth was concentrated in the 10 largest RMs 40 17-11-21 00:18:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867403 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22316 Volltext, Open Access

1759722782

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:35.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722782 OCoLC 1255594631 WBOKR 22317 EBP 064568342 KEP 064568342 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22317 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Fourth Ethiopia Economic Update Overcoming Constraints in the Manufacturing Sector World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia s AGRICULTURE s BENCHMARKING s BONDS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL s CAPITAL MARKETS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION s COSTS s CREDIT s CRITERIA s DEBT s DEMAND s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPMENT s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DOMESTIC MARKET s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMY s ENTRY BARRIERS s EXCHANGE s EXPECTATIONS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTS s FAILURES s FINANCE s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED COSTS s FREE TRADE s FUTURE s GDP PER CAPITA s GOVERNMENT REGULATION s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCENTIVES s INCOME s INCOME LEVELS s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INFLATION s INFLUENCE s INPUTS s INVENTORY s LAGS s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s MARKETS s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY s MONOPOLY s MOV s NATIONAL ECONOMY s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET EXPORTS s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s PAYMENTS s PER CAPITA INCOME s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POTENTIAL OUTPUT s PRICE DECLINES s PRODUCTION s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s REAL GDP s REAL INCOME s REGIONAL PRODUCTIVITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENT s SAFETY NETS s SMALL BUSINESS s STRUCTURAL CHANGE s TAX REVENUES s TAXES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE DEFICIT s TREASURY BILLS s TRENDS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UTILITY s VALUE s VALUE ADDED s WAGES s WELFARE English en_US The Ethiopian economy continued its strong expansion in FY14 with real GDP growing by 10.3 percent. Growth was driven mainly by the services sector from the supply side and public investment from the demand side. At the same time, inflation has remained in single digits for the last two years on account of tighter monetary policy and lower international commodity prices. However, in recent months in 2015, domestic food prices are increasing partially as a result of shortage rainfall during the short rainy season. On the fiscal side, the budgetary stance at the general government level has been cautious. In an effort to adjust for the rising cost living, the FY15 budget incorporates an increase in public sector salaries after years of no increases which could also be the first step to adjust the balance between capital and recurrent expenditure. The salary increase accompanied by a supplementary budget in the middle of the fiscal year could potentially increase the budget deficit. The current account balance weakened. The deterioration is on account of a worsening trade deficit which was driven by weak export performance and large imports of capital goods for public investment programs. Goods exports showed positive growth in 2013-14 but rates remained far below their historical growth; furthermore, export growth fell into negative territory again in the last quarter of 2014 and first quarter of 2015. The strong economic growth in the past decade helped to reduce poverty significantly. The poverty headcount, measured by the national poverty line, fell from 38.7 percent in 2005 to 29.67 percent in 2011. Measured with the international poverty line (US$1.25 per day) Ethiopia saw the second fastest rate of reduction in Africa. Economic growth, particularly in agriculture, has been an important driver of poverty reduction in the last decade. Favorable weather conditions and improving terms of trade for rural producers have been reasons of this past trend supported by strong improvements in access to basic services and rural safety nets. Low levels of inequality have been maintained with the Gini coefficient remaining stable at 0.30 40 17-11-21 00:18:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867411 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22317 Volltext, Open Access

1759722790

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:35.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722790 OCoLC 1255594593 WBOKR 22383 EBP 064568334 KEP 064568334 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22383 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Urban Mobility in Eastern Poland The Way Forward World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Poland s Intercommunal cooperation s greenhouse gases s low-carbon economy s public transport policy s spatial planning s urban mobility s vehicle emissions English en_US In the second half of 2013, the World Bank secured grant funding from the Korea Green Growth Partnership for analytical support and technical assistance related to sustainable urban transport systems in select cities in Eastern Poland. Established in 2011, the Korea Green Growth Partnership strengthens cooperation between the Government of Korea and the World Bank Group to help countries achieve sustainable and inclusive development by developing and sharing practical knowledge around innovative green growth solutions. The objective of the first phase of this technical assistance involved assessing the urban transport sector in the selected cities, Bialystok, Lublin, Olsztyn, and Rzeszow, with a primary focus on public transportation and the aim of identifying areas for improvement. The second phase of this technical assistance will focus on areas identified in the first phase, subject to agreement from the participating cities, as well as capacity building activities. This report provides a set of recommendations related to the legal and institutional framework for urban transport in Poland; summarizes the assessment of urban mobility for Bialystok, Lublin, Olsztyn, and Rzeszow; and assesses the framework for inter-municipal coordination in Poland 40 17-11-21 00:18:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986742X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22383 Volltext, Open Access

1759722804

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:35.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722804 OCoLC 1255594637 WBOKR 22351 EBP 064568326 KEP 064568326 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22351 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Where are Iraq’s Poor? Mapping Poverty in Iraq Brian Blankespoor VerfasserIn aut Nandini Krishnan VerfasserIn aut Dhiraj Sharma VerfasserIn aut Tara Vishwanath VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Iraq Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AUTONOMOUS REGION s BUDGET s CALORIC INTAKE s CHECK s CHECKS s CHILD MORTALITY s CLEAN WATER s CONSUMPTION s CONTRACT s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s CORRELATES OF POVERTY s COUNTERFACTUAL s DECLINE IN POVERTY s DECLINE IN POVERTY RATES s DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY s DRINKING WATER s DROUGHT s DUMMY VARIABLE s DUMMY VARIABLES s DURABLE s DURABLE ASSETS s DURABLE GOODS s EMPIRICAL QUESTION s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s EQUIPMENTS s EQUITY s EXPENDITURE s FOOD s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD EXPENDITURE s GOODS s HEADCOUNT RATE s HOUSEHOLD s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD LEVEL s HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HOUSING s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMMUNIZATION s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INEQUALITY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENT FUND s IRRIGATION s LABOR MARKETS s LIVING STANDARD s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MARKET s MARKETS s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MEASURES s MEASURING POVERTY s MOBILE PHONE s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NATIONAL POVERTY LINES s NATIONAL POVERTY RATE s NON-FOOD CONSUMPTION s NON-FOOD EXPENDITURE s NUTRITION s OIL RESERVE s OPTIONS s POOR s POOR AREA s POOR AREAS s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR PEOPLE s POOR PERSONS s POVERTY s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATE s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATES s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INDICATORS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY MAP s POVERTY MAPPING s POVERTY MAPPING EXERCISE s POVERTY MAPPING METHODOLOGY s POVERTY MAPS s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POVERTY STATUS s REGION s REGIONAL DUMMY s REGIONAL MODELS s REGIONAL POVERTY s REGIONAL POVERTY LINES s REGIONS s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETURNS s RURAL s RURAL AREA s RURAL AREAS s SANITATION s SECURITY s SHARE s SHARES s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION s SPATIAL PATTERN s STANDARD ERRORS s TARGETING s TAX s TRANSACTIONS s TRUST FUND s WAR s WELFARE MEASURES s WELFARE PROGRAM s WIDESPREAD POVERTY English en_US Measuring poverty and tracking it over time is an important prerequisite to national economic planning. Absence of official data on household expenditure or poverty line hampered the ability of Iraqi policymakers to understand the extent of the problem, analyze their causes, and devise appropriate policies. Iraq household socioeconomic survey (IHSES) 2006-07 was the first survey of its kind since 1988 to cover all 18 governorates. The survey collected rich information on income, expenditure, employment, housing, education, health, and other socioeconomic indicators. Building on the experience of the first IHSES survey and using international best practice on sampling and questionnaire design and survey implementation, the second round of IHSES was fielded in 201-/13. To fill the data gap, a larger survey was designed to collect information on correlates of household welfare like demographic characteristics, education, occupation, housing, and assets and estimate small-area poverty rates using projection methods. This report presents results from the exercise, the first of its kind for Iraq. Poverty mapping not only provides a visual representation of poverty at subnational levels, it also reveals pockets of poverty and islands of prosperity where they exist. This knowledge is useful to inform decisions on policy design and targeting of development projects and programs 40 17-11-21 00:18:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867438 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22351 Volltext, Open Access

1759722812

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:35.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722812 OCoLC 1255594559 WBOKR 22345 EBP 064568318 KEP 064568318 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22345 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Agriculture Public Expenditure Review at the Federal and Subnational Levels in Nigeria (2008-12) Reuben Alabi VerfasserIn aut Tewodaj Mogues VerfasserIn aut Chinedum Nwoko VerfasserIn aut Tolulope Olofinbiyi VerfasserIn aut Aderibigbe Olomola VerfasserIn aut Justice Onu VerfasserIn aut Edet Udoh VerfasserIn aut Sileshi Woldeyohannes VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Nigeria s AGRICULTURAL EXPENDITURES s AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES s AGRICULTURE s JOB DEVELOPMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s WEALTH CREATION English en_US Agricultural expenditure is critical to the transformation of the agricultural sector in Nigeria. Yet spending on agriculture remains at low levels in spite of the sector’s huge potential for wealth creation, employment generation, and poverty reduction. This report is a summary of the findings of the Nigeria agricultural public expenditure review (AgPER) at the federal and subnational levels. The main objectives of this review are to (1) examine the extent to which the size and composition of public spending on agriculture is consistent with national and subnational agricultural policies and development priorities, (2) analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of public resources allocated to agriculture, (3) understand the cross-tier fiscal and planning relationships between the federal government and subnational governments, (4) develop a database of public agricultural expenditures at the federal and subnational levels, and (5) provide recommendations on how to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public agricultural spending to advance Nigeria’s Agricultural Transformation Agenda (ATA). In addition to the federal-level analysis, the review analyzes agricultural public expenditures in three case study states: (1) cross river, (2) Niger, and (3) Ondo, and three case study local government areas (LGAs): (1) Akamkpa, (2) Wushishi, and (3) Odigbo. The analysis at the federal level covers the period 2008-12, while the subnational-level analysis covers the period 2000-12 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867446 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22345 Volltext, Open Access

1759722820

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:35.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722820 OCoLC 1255594646 WBOKR 22403 EBP 06456830X KEP 06456830X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22403 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Chad Public Expenditure Review in the Agricultural, Rural Development, and Food Security Sector World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Chad s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ALLOCATION s ALLOCATION OF BUDGET RESOURCES s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL BUDGETING s ANNUAL REVIEWS s APPROPRIATION s APPROPRIATIONS s ARTICLE s BASIC SERVICES s BENEFICIARIES s BREAKDOWN OF EXPENDITURES s BUDGET s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET AUTHORITIES s BUDGET COMMISSION s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s BUDGET COVERS s BUDGET CYCLE s BUDGET DATA s BUDGET DISCIPLINE s BUDGET DOCUMENTS s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET EXPENDITURE s BUDGET FRAMEWORK s BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION s BUDGET LAW s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET POLICY s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET PREPARATION PROCESS s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET RESOURCES s BUDGET REVIEW s BUDGET SUPPORT s BUDGET TRANSFERS s BUDGETARY ALLOCATIONS s BUDGETARY DATA s BUDGETARY MANAGEMENT s BUDGETS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CENTRAL SERVICES s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COMPETITION s COMPOSITION OF EXPENDITURES s COMPOSITION OF PUBLIC SPENDING s COUNTERPART FUNDS s DATA ANALYSIS s DATA COLLECTION s DEBT s DEBT SERVICING s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICIT s EARLY WARNING SYSTEM s ECONOMIC CYCLE s ECONOMIC DOWNTURN s ECONOMIC DOWNTURNS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EVALUATION OF PROJECTS s EX-POST EVALUATION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE COMMITMENTS s EXPENDITURE DATA s EXPENDITURE FORECASTS s EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s EXPENDITURE ITEM s EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s EXPENDITURE TRACKING s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS s FINANCIAL CONTROL s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISCAL YEAR s GOVERNMENT BORROWING REQUIREMENT s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT FUNDING s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH CLINICS s INTERNAL CONTROL s INVESTMENT BUDGET s INVESTMENT EXPENDITURE s INVESTMENT EXPENDITURES s MACROECONOMIC FORECASTS s MACROECONOMIC PROJECTIONS s MACROECONOMIC SITUATION s MASTER PLAN s MEDIUM- TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM- TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MINISTERIAL DEPARTMENTS s MINISTERIAL OFFICES s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL BUDGETS s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN s NATIONAL ECONOMY s NATIONAL EXPENDITURES s NATIONAL RESOURCES s NATURAL RESOURCES s OIL RESOURCES s OPERATING EXPENDITURES s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OPERATIONAL EXPENDITURES s OUTCOMES s PAYMENT DELAYS s PERFORMANCE REPORTS s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROGRAM BUDGETS s PROGRAM PERFORMANCE s PROGRAM REVIEWS s PROGRAMS s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC CAPITAL s PUBLIC COMPANIES s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC ENTITIES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE DIAGNOSTIC s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT PROJECT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC INTERVENTIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT PROGRAM s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC TREASURY s QUALITY OF LIFE s QUANTITATIVE DATA s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s REVENUES s ROAD CONSTRUCTION s ROAD MAINTENANCE s SANITATION s SECTOR MINISTRIES s SECTOR MINISTRY s SECTOR POLICY s SECTORAL ALLOCATION s SECTORAL BUDGET s SECTORAL BUDGETS s SECTORAL POLICIES s SECTORAL POLICY s SERVICES s SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SOCIAL WELFARE s STATE BUDGET s STRATEGIC PLANS s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAXES s TOTAL CURRENT EXPENDITURES s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL PUBLIC SPENDING s TOTAL SPENDING s TRANSPARENCY s TYPES OF EXPENDITURES s UNCERTAINTY s VOLUME OF INVESTMENT English en_US Over the review period covered by this report (2003-2012), the budget allocated to agriculture increased noticeably more than the sector’s contribution to GDP. This reflects a notable effort by the Chad authorities to increase the budget to boost this sector’s development in recent years. In this proactive context, Chad signed its CAADP compact in December 2013 to continue supporting agriculture’s revival. The CAADP is being implemented in Chad even as the terms of the National Rural Sector Investment Program (PNISR, 2014-2020) are being finalized. Within the context of the CAADP, the Government of Chad (GOC) wished to undertake a review of public agriculture expenditures to learn from past budgetary implementation in this sector with a view to improving future program performance. Following a request by the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation (MoAI), the NEPAD planning and coordination agency gave Chad it’s backing for this review. This process was undertaken by the Program for Strengthening National Comprehensive Agricultural Public Expenditure in Sub-Saharan Africa, co-financed by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the CAADP Multi-Donor Trust Fund. This program, implemented by the World Bank, aims to improve the impact of the still-limited public resources available to governments in Sub-Saharan Africa to foster agricultural development and reduce poverty in rural areas, where most of the poor in these countries, notably Chad, live. This study follows and builds upon a number of similar studies conducted in recent years on public expenditure management, in particular in Chad the Action Plan for the Modernization of Public Finances (PAMFIP). However, these studies have focused on budget management as a whole, and none to date has looked at the agricultural sector specifically 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867454 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22403 Volltext, Open Access

1759722839

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:35.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722839 OCoLC 1255594624 WBOKR 22368 EBP 064568296 KEP 064568296 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22368 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability Assessment Nepal PFM Performance Assessment II Government of Nepal Ministry of Finance VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Kathmandu 2015 1 Online-Ressource Nepal South Asia s ASSETS s BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION s FIDUCIARY ENVIRONMENT s FISCAL EXPENDITURES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK English en_US The objective of this assessment is to update the public expenditure and financial accountability (PEFA) assessment published in early 2008. The assessment is expected to assist the Government of Nepal to: (a) establish indicator led assessment of the country’s public financial management (PFM) system, (b) update the fiduciary environment of the PFM systems and processes of the country, and (c) assist in identifying those parts of the PFM system that may need further reform and development. The institutional and organizational approach taken by the Government of Nepal ensured coordination among various government institutions. The assessment included collection of additional documentation, including meeting minutes, and interviews with government counterpart teams and main stakeholders. The report was updated and refined following advice from a World Bank team. A specialist in the use of PEFA methodology assisted in the later drafts and visited Nepal in August 17-20, 2014. Meetings were held with the PEFA Secretariat at the Financial Comptroller General Office (FCGO) and with the Ministry of Finance (MoF) Budget Division. This final draft of the report addresses all the comments received up to November 31, 2014. The findings of the assessment were shared with the donors in September 2014 and their comments assisted the finalization of the draft report. The World Bank also provided continuous quality control support 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867462 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22368 Volltext, Open Access

1759722847

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:36.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722847 OCoLC 1255594451 WBOKR 22384 EBP 064568288 KEP 064568288 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22384 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Determinants of Participation and Transaction Costs in Rwanda’s Land Markets Daniel Ali VerfasserIn aut Klaus Deininger VerfasserIn aut Marguerite Duponchel VerfasserIn aut Markus Goldstein VerfasserIn aut Eliana La Ferrara VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Development Research Group case study Africa Rwanda s AGRICULTURE s COUNTRIES s CULTIVATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s HOUSEHOLDS s LAND s LAND ECONOMICS s LAND INFORMATION SYSTEMS s LAND MARKETS s LAND OWNERS s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND RENTAL s LAND RIGHTS s LAND SALES s LAND TENANCY s LAND TENURE s LAND TITLES s LAND TRANSFERS s LAND USE s LANDLORDS s LEASING s MARKET s MARKETS s OWNERSHIP s PURCHASING s SALE s SALES s TENANTS s TRANSFERS s VALUE English en_US Land markets play a limited role in subsistence economies with low skill-intensity of agricultural cultivation, equally distributed land endowments and little movement out of agriculture to join the non-farm economy. But, as the economy starts to diversify, the scope for efficiency-enhancing land transfers beyond immediate kin and for longer than just one season assumes significantly greater importance. Lease markets can contribute to the diversification of the economic base in rural areas by allowing those with limited farming skills to take up non-agricultural employment or to migrate temporarily without losing their links to rural areas, and those with comparative advantage in agriculture to increase the size of the land they farm. Land sales, on the other hand, may allow households who want to move into the non-agricultural economy to mobilize the capital that will help them to exploit profitable economic opportunities. Programs aiming to provide higher level of tenure security and better land information systems have often been justified by noting their impact on lowering transaction costs in land markets. Registered land rights make it easier to identify rightful land owners, negotiate and enforce contracts, and reduce the risk of land owners not being able to recover land that they had rented out. This could in turn increase the number of efficiency-enhancing land market transactions; facilitate credit access via the use of land as collateral; and foster structural change and transformation. At the same time, in settings where market imperfections are prevalent, reducing transaction costs in one market will not necessarily improve outcomes across the board 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867470 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22384 Volltext, Open Access

1759722855

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722855 OCoLC 1255594510 WBOKR 22343 EBP 06456827X KEP 06456827X 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22343 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Paraguay Agricultural Sector Risk Assessment Identification, Prioritization, Strategy, and Action Plan Carlos Arce VerfasserIn aut Diego Arias VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Agriculture global practice technical assistance paper s ACCESS TO CREDIT s AGRIBUSINESS s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY EXCHANGE s AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS s AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s AGRICULTURE POLICIES s AGRICULTURE PROGRAM s AGRICULTURE RESEARCH s AGROCHEMICAL s AGROCHEMICALS s AGROFORESTRY s AGRONOMISTS s ANIMAL CONSUMPTION s ANIMAL FEED s ANIMAL HEALTH s ANIMAL WELFARE s ANIMALS s AUDIT s AVERAGE YIELD s AVERAGE YIELDS s AVIAN FLU s BEAN s BEANS s BEEF s BEEF INDUSTRY s BIODIVERSITY s BIOSAFETY s BIOSAFETY LEVEL s BIRTH RATE s BOVINE BRUCELLOSIS s BOVINE POPULATION s BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS s BRUCELLOSIS s BUDGETS s BUSINESS PLANS s CALVES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CARE OF ANIMALS s CASH CROPS s CASH MARKETS s CASSAVA s CATTLE s CATTLE POPULATION s CATTLE PRODUCTION s CEREALS s CHEMICAL APPLICATIONS s CLAY SOILS s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY EXCHANGES s COMMODITY PRICES s CORN s COST ANALYSIS s COTTON s COTTON PRODUCTION s COW DISEASE s CREDIT s CROP s CROP DAMAGE s CROP MANAGEMENT s CROP ROTATION s CROP SEASON s CROP YIELD s CROPS s DAIRY PRODUCTS s DEGRADED SOILS s DISEASE CONTROL s DISEASE OUTBREAKS s DISEASES s ECOLOGY s ENGINE OF GROWTH s EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE s EQUINE s EQUINE INFECTIOUS ANEMIA s EXTENSION AGENTS s FAO s FARMER COOPERATIVES s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMS s FEED s FERTILIZERS s FISHERIES s FOOD CROPS s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SAFETY POLICY s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SUPPLY s FORESTRY s FORESTS s FRUITS s GENETIC IMPROVEMENT s GIS s GOATS s GRAIN s GRAIN PRODUCERS s GRAIN QUALITY s HARVEST s HYBRIDS s IDB s IFAD s INDICATORS s INDUSTRIAL MILK s INFRASTRUCTURE s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INNOVATION s INVESTMENT s IRRIGATION s LANDS s LARGE ANIMALS s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK FARMERS s LIVESTOCK FARMING s LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s MAD COW s MAD COW DISEASE s MAIZE s MARKETS s MEAT s MEAT INDUSTRY s MEAT INSPECTION s MEAT PROCESSOR s MEAT PRODUCTION s MEAT PRODUCTS s MEAT SUPPLY s MEXICO s MILK s MILK PRODUCTS s NATURAL REGENERATION s NATURAL RESOURCES s PADDY RICE s PASTURES s PEANUT s PEANUTS s PEST CONTROL s PESTICIDES s PESTS s PINEAPPLE s PLANNING s PLANS s PLANT GROWTH s PLANT HEALTH s PLANT PRODUCTION s POPULATION s POPULATIONS s POTATO s POULTRY s POULTRY PRODUCER s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRODUCTION LOSS s PROGRAM MANAGEMENT s QUARANTINE s RABIES s REPORTS s RESEARCH s RESISTANT VARIETIES s RICE s ROOTS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL ROADS s SCIENCE s SEASONS s SEEDS s SHEEP s SLAUGHTER s SOIL DEGRADATION s SOIL FERTILITY s SOIL IMPROVEMENT s SOIL MANAGEMENT s SOILS s SORGHUM s SPOT PRICES s SUGAR s SUGAR PRODUCTION s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s SWINE s TECHNOLOGY s TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TOLERANCE LEVELS s TRACEABILITY s TRAINING s UNDP s UNITED NATIONS s USAID s VEGETABLE CROPS s VEGETABLE PRODUCTION s VEGETABLES s VEGETATIVE COVER s VETERINARIANS s VETERINARY SCIENCES s VETERINARY SERVICES s WATER RESOURCES s WHEAT s WHEAT YIELDS s WORKING CAPITAL s YAMS s YIELD LOSSES s ZOONOTIC DISEASES pha English en_US This report is the result of a World Bank mission that visited Paraguay in June 2013 at the request of the Government of Paraguay. The mission’s objective was to identify, quantify, and prioritize agriculture risks that determine the volatility of agriculture gross domestic product (GDP), based on a methodology to assess sector risks developed by the World Bank. The methodology stipulates a two-phase process. The first phase (risk evaluation), which is in volume one of this report, was reviewed by the government and evaluates the current situation and perspective of agriculture sector risks, starting from the standpoint of supply chains. From here, and based on the identification of the most important risks, given their frequency and severity, a list of possible solutions was produced in addition to the existing public and private programs and policies. This process is completed with a second phase, where an action plan was prepared (volume two) that can be executed in the medium term to reduce sector risks and to contribute to the sustainability of agriculture investments. The significant efforts undertaken by the government to maintain support programs in critical production and trade areas of the sector are recognized, as well as the institutional development to strengthen the response capacity to agriculture risks. Chapter one gives introduction. Chapter two presents information about the agriculture sector and its recent performance is included, allowing to determine the most important supply chains for this risk assessment and to place the relative economic and social importance of the various commodities and production methods in the appropriate context. In chapter three, a comprehensive assessment of production, market, and enabling environment risks is undertaken for the main commercial and family farming supply chains, in addition to livestock. Chapter four shows the repercussions that risks have had in the past, in particular aggregated losses incurred by supply chain actors. Chapter five assesses the impacts of these losses throughout the supply chains and explores the relative vulnerability of the different actors. Chapter six presents the results and ranking of risks, a list of possible solutions jointly with different public initiatives where some identified risks are addressed 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867489 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22343 Volltext, Open Access

1759722863

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:36.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722863 OCoLC 1255594562 WBOKR 22405 EBP 064568261 KEP 064568261 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22405 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Fruit of Her Labor Promoting Gender-Equitable Agribusiness in Papua New Guinea -- Policy Note World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Papua New Guinea s AGRIBUSINESS s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s GENDER EQUALITY s SUPPLY CHAINS English en_US The overall goal of this report is to assist the World Bank Group (WBG) to achieve greater impact for women from its current activities in agribusiness in Papua New Guinea (PNG), and to provide clear recommendations on additional interventions aimed at improving outcomes for women. The report focuses on the supply chains for coffee, cocoa, and horticultural products (fresh produce), as there is a wealth of knowledge on these supply chains and on gender issues, and these provide the best opportunity to identify entry points for follow-up activities. Given the importance of smallholders in PNG, and the need to understand gender dynamics in farming, this report pays particular attention to the roles and constraints faced by smallholders, without in so doing wishing to diminish the importance of the roles played by other actors in these supply chains 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867497 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22405 Volltext, Open Access

1759722871

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:36.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722871 OCoLC 1255594594 WBOKR 22388 EBP 064568253 KEP 064568253 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22388 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rise of the Anatolian Tigers Turkey Urbanization Review, Main Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Policy brief Europe and Central Asia Turkey s DEMOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT s DIVERSITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s HIGH INCOME s SECOND-GENERATION URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBANIZATION English en_US Turkey’s demographic and economic transformation has been one of the world’s most dramatic, with urban growth and economic growth proceeding hand in hand. Distinguishing Turkey from many other developing countries has been the pace, scale, and geographical diversity of its spatial and economic transformation. Fast-growing secondary cities bring added challenges that define Turkey’s second-generation urban agenda. New and differentiated service standards will need to be established across both dense urban built-up areas and small villages and rural settlements within the newly-expanded metropolitan municipality administrative area. These developments make planning, connecting, and financing important policy principles for Turkey’s second-generation urban development agenda. This policy brief frames a second-generation urban development agenda to support Turkey’s transition from upper middle income to high income 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867500 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22388 Volltext, Open Access

175972288X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:36.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972288X OCoLC 1255594457 WBOKR 22391 EBP 064568245 KEP 064568245 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22391 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Labor Market Impacts and Effectiveness of Skills Development Programs in India World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACTIVE LABOR s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s ADULT WORKERS s ADULTS s AGE GROUP s AGE GROUPS s BASIC SKILLS s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM TEACHING s CLASSROOM TRAINING s COURSE CONTENT s COURSE DURATION s CURRICULUM s DELIVERY MECHANISM s DISADVANTAGED YOUTH s EARNINGS PROSPECTS s EDUCATION s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EMPLOYABILITY s EMPLOYEES s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT EFFECT s EMPLOYMENT GENERATION s EMPLOYMENT IMPACT s EMPLOYMENT INCREASES s EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES s EMPLOYMENT PROBABILITY s EMPLOYMENT PROMOTION s EMPLOYMENT RATE s EMPLOYMENT RATES s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s EMPLOYMENT TRAINING s FEES s FORMAL EDUCATION s GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT s HEALTH INSURANCE s HIGHER EDUCATION s HUMAN CAPITAL s IN-SERVICE TRAINING s INFORMAL SECTOR s JOB s JOB EXPERIENCE s JOB FAIRS s JOB MATCH s JOB PLACEMENT s JOB SEARCH s JOB SEEKERS s JOB STATUS s JOB TENURE s JOB TRAINING s JOBS s KNOWLEDGE s LABOR s LABOR ECONOMICS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS s LABOR MARKET DEMAND s LABOR MARKET IMPACT s LABOR MARKET INFORMATION s LABOR MARKET INFORMATION SYSTEMS s LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR REGULATIONS s LEARNING s LEARNING MATERIALS s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LIFE-LONG LEARNING s LOCAL EMPLOYERS s LOCAL LABOR MARKET s MALE TRAINEES s MANAGEMENT s MID-TERM EVALUATION s OCCUPATIONS s ON-THE-JOB TRAINING s PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN s PRIOR WORK EXPERIENCE s PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE PROVIDERS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE TRAINING s PRIVATE TRAINING PROVIDERS s PRODUCTION PROCESSES s PROGRAM BENEFICIARIES s PROGRAM DELIVERY s PROGRAM DESIGN s RURAL YOUTH s SCHOOL s SCHOOLING s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SERVICE SECTOR s SERVICE TRAINING s SHORT-TERM TRAINING s SKILL DEVELOPMENT s SKILL TRAINING s SKILL UPGRADING s SKILLS s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SKILLS TRAINING s TEACHING s TRAINEES s TRAINING s TRAINING COST s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING IMPACTS s TRAINING INSTITUTIONS s TRAINING PERIOD s TRAINING PROGRAM s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING PROVIDERS s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYED YOUTH s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WAGE EFFECT s WAGE EFFECTS s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WAGE GAIN s WAGE PREMIUM s WAGE RATE s WORK EXPERIENCE s WORKERS s YOUTH FIND EMPLOYMENT s YOUTH POPULATION s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES English en_US Over the past few years, the Government of India (GOI) has been implementing five large national skills development (SD) programs to improve the employment and earnings prospects of urban and rural youth. The critical questions to be addressed are: what have been the employment outcomes of those programs?; what earnings premium do one give to trainees?; do program benefits justify the significant public investments made into them?; what organizational aspects affect delivery and reach?; and finally, based on these findings, what should be the course of action? This paper tries to address these questions, using data from a set of surveys of trainees (past and current), non-trainees (comparison group), employers, and training providers. The quantitative analysis has been complemented by a qualitative study based on interviews and focus group discussions, with focus on business processes, program management, and monitoring and evaluation (M and E). Five states have been taken into consideration for this analysis: Assam, Andhra Pradesh (AP), Madhya Pradesh (MP), Odisha, and Rajasthan. This paper comprises several sections. The first section provides introduction. Section two presents skills development programs; section three presents employment outcomes of SD programs; section four presents wage and earnings effects of SD programs; section five is cost-effectiveness of SD programs; section six is India versus international experience; section seven presents findings from the qualitative study; and section eight gives conclusions and policy recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867519 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22391 Volltext, Open Access

1759722898

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:36.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722898 OCoLC 1255594499 WBOKR 22386 EBP 064568237 KEP 064568237 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22386 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Women in Agriculture The Impact of Male Out-Migration on Women’s Agency, Household Welfare, and Agricultural Productivity World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Central America Guatemala Latin America & Caribbean s AGRICULTURAL s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURE s ANIMAL HUSBANDRY s AUTONOMY s BEEF s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY s COMMUNITY GROUPS s CROPS s CULTURAL NORMS s DESCRIPTION s DESIGN s DOWRY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMICS s EDUCATION s EGGS s EQUALITY s EXTENSION s EXTENSION SERVICES s FAMILIES s FAMILY s FARMERS s FARMS s FEMALE s FOOD s FOOD EXPORTS s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD POLICY s FOOD POLICY RESEARCH s FOOD PREPARATION s FOOD SECURITY s FOODS s FRUITS s GENDER s GENDER EQUALITY s HEALTH s HISTORY s HOUSEHOLD s HOUSEHOLD FOOD INSECURITY s HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY s HOUSEHOLD TYPES s HOUSEHOLDS s IFPRI s INCOMES s INFORMATION s INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE s KNOWLEDGE s LAND s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND TENURE s LITERACY s MANAGEMENT s MARITAL STATUS s MARKET s MEAT s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s NGOS s NORMS s NUTRITION s PARTICIPATION s PARTNERS s PORK s POWER s PRODUCTION s PRODUCTS s PROJECT s PROPERTY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s REPRESENTATION s RESEARCH s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ECONOMIES s RURAL WOMEN s SERVICES s SOCIAL SCIENCE s TRAINING s VEGETABLES s WOMEN s WOMEN IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME English en_US Migration is transforming rural economies, landscapes, and potentially, gender relations. Migration is one of the drivers of the so-called feminization of agriculture in Latin America. This feminization has relevance for everyone given agriculture’s role in regional food security, national shared prosperity, and household resilience to shocks. The objective of this study is to investigate the feminization of agriculture as well as its implications for women’s agency, household welfare, and agricultural productivity. This report provides some introduction to women in agriculture, lays out the study methodology, and provides background information on migration, women, and agriculture in Guatemala. Women’s role in agriculture is even more crucial in Guatemala, which suffers from the double burden of chronic malnutrition and obesity. This analysis seeks to investigate the impact of male migration on agriculture, but also its implications for women’s agency and agricultural productivity, as mediated by factors such as land tenure and access to agricultural extension services. This analysis seeks to better understand how male out-migration is influencing women’s agency in agriculture; to understand if, when women are in control of their farms, it changes the types of decisions they make and thus the results that they obtain; and finally, to get a better sense of how these differences in agency (if any) lead to better or worse livelihood outcomes for the farm household. This study is based on a quantitative field survey conducted in August 2014, as well as qualitative focus groups and interviews conducted in May 2014 to test the questionnaire 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867527 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22386 Volltext, Open Access

1759722901

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:37.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722901 OCoLC 1255594610 WBOKR 22367 EBP 064568229 KEP 064568229 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22367 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste Public Expenditure Review Infrastructure World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Timor-Leste s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCURATE ASSESSMENT s AIR s AIR-CONDITIONER s AIRPORT s AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY s BALANCE s BOTTLENECKS s BRIDGE s BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL PROJECT s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CAR s CARS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COST RECOVERY PRICING s COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS s COSTS s DEMAND MANAGEMENT s DIESEL s DIESEL FUEL s DRAINAGE s DRIVERS s DRIVING s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s EXCISE DUTY s FINANCIAL BURDEN s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SAVINGS s FIXED FEE s FREIGHT s FUEL s FUEL COST s FUEL COST SAVINGS s FUEL COSTS s FUEL EFFICIENCY s FUEL OIL s FUEL PRICE s FUEL PRICES s FUELS s GENERATION s HIGH INFRASTRUCTURE s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY SYSTEM s IMPROVEMENT IN FUEL EFFICIENCY s INFRASTRUCTURE s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INITIATIVES s INSPECTION s INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENTS s LENGTH OF ROADS s LOCAL TRAVEL s NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM s NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE s OIL s OM s PATRONAGE s PEAK DEMAND s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM GAS s PETROLEUM PRODUCTION s POLICIES s POPULATION GROWTH s PORT ACCESS s POWER s POWER GRID s PRICE OF DIESEL s PRICES s PROFIT MARGIN s PUBLIC WORKS s RESETTLEMENT s RING ROAD s ROAD s ROAD BUILDING s ROAD CAPACITY s ROAD CONDITIONS s ROAD DEVELOPMENT s ROAD IMPROVEMENT s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD INVESTMENT s ROAD LINKS s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD MANAGEMENT s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD PROJECTS s ROAD SECTOR s ROAD SYSTEM s ROAD SYSTEMS s ROAD TRAFFIC s ROAD USERS s ROAD WIDTH s ROADS s ROUTE s ROUTES s RURAL ROADS s SANITATION s SIGNALS s SPEEDS s SUBSIDIES s SUBSIDY s TAX s TAXES s TOLLS s TRAFFIC s TRAINING s TRANSIT s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT PROJECTS s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TRAVEL s TREND s TRUE s URBAN ROADS s VEHICLE s VEHICLES s VOLUME OF TRAFFIC s WALKING s WEALTH English en_US The Timor-Leste Government’s 2011-2013 strategic development plan (SDP) outlines its plan for achieving upper-middle income country status, with a secure, well-educated, and healthy population, by 2030. It argues that the four key national attributes of political will, economic potential, national integration, and a dynamic population will underpin the achievement of this vision. The development of infrastructure is a core pillar of the SDP. Thus, the SDP outlines specific plans for a number of large construction projects for the development of roads and bridges, water and sanitation facilities, electrical power generation facilities, telecommunications, and ports. The SDP recognizes that Timor-Leste currently lacks the core infrastructure required to support a modern and productive economy. According to the SDP, government spending on infrastructure will drive high, double-digit rates of economic growth in the short and medium term, contributing to a rate of growth of 8 percent by 2020. The SDP also emphasizes the construction of infrastructure as a means to achieve its stated goals in the pillars of economic development, notably agriculture, and the development of social capital. The SDP commits the government to a significant school building program and to the expansion and rehabilitation of health facilities such as local clinics and hospitals 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867535 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22367 Volltext, Open Access

175972291X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:37.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972291X OCoLC 1255594617 WBOKR 22355 EBP 064568210 KEP 064568210 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22355 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Thailand Wanted, A Quality Education for All World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Bangkok 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Thailand s ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT s ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE s ACADEMIC RANKING s ACADEMIC YEAR s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ADEQUATE EDUCATION s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC EDUCATION TEACHERS s CAREER s CAREER PROSPECTS s CIVIL SERVICE s COLLEGE s COLLEGE DEGREES s COLLEGES s COST OF EDUCATION s CURRICULUM s DEGREE COURSES s DEGREE PROGRAMS s DEGREES s DISADVANTAGED STUDENT s DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS s DISTANCE EDUCATION s DROPOUT RATES s EDUCATION s EDUCATION FINANCE s EDUCATION FOR ALL s EDUCATION STUDENTS s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATION TEACHERS s EDUCATIONAL INNOVATION s EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS s EDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE s EDUCATIONAL PERSONNEL s EDUCATIONAL QUALITY s EDUCATIONAL REFORM s EDUCATIONAL “QUALITY s EMPLOYMENT s ENROLMENT RATES s EXPENDITURES s FACULTY s FUNCTIONAL ILLITERACY s FUNCTIONAL LITERACY s FURTHER EDUCATION s GRADUATE s GRADUATES s GRANTS s HIGH SCHOOLS s HIGHER EDUCATION s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCES s ILLITERACY s INSTITUTES s INSTRUCTION s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKETS s LEARNING s LEARNING ENVIRONMENT s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LITERACY s LITERATURE s MEDICAL STUDENTS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s NATIONAL EDUCATION s NET ENROLMENT s NET ENROLMENT RATES s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s NUMBER OF TEACHERS s PARENTAL PARTICIPATION s PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIVATE SCHOOLS s PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS s PROFESSOR s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s QUALIFIED STUDENTS s QUALIFIED TEACHERS s QUALITY ASSESSMENT s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY LEARNING s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF TEACHING s READING s REMOTE SCHOOLS s REPORT CARDS s RESEARCH s RESEARCH INSTITUTE s RESEARCHERS s SALARY INCREASES s SCHOLARSHIPS s SCHOOL s SCHOOL AUTONOMY s SCHOOL MANAGEMENT s SCHOOL MAPPING s SCHOOL NETWORK s SCHOOL QUALITY s SCHOOLS s SCIENCE s SCIENCE LABORATORY EQUIPMENT s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SMALL SCHOOLS s SOCIAL SCIENCE s STATE EDUCATION s STUDENT s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT BACKGROUND CHARACTERISTICS s STUDENT BODY s STUDENT INFORMATION s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT LOAN s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT POPULATION s STUDENT SUBSIDIES s STUDENT-TEACHER RATIO s STUDENTS s TEACHER s TEACHER DEPLOYMENT s TEACHER RATIO s TEACHER SHORTAGE s TEACHER SHORTAGES s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHER TRAINING COLLEGES s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING RESOURCES s TEXTBOOKS s TRAINING s TUITION s TUITION FEES s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY s UNIVERSITY DEGREE s WORKERS English en_US Over the past two and a half decades, Thailand has made great progress in expanding basic education, closing the gap in attendance between socioeconomic groups, and putting more focus on the quality of education. Building on this progress, it appears that even more can be done to maximize the potential of Thailand’s students to become productive workforce participants. Functional illiteracy can be seen across the various types of schools in Thailand, indicating that there are still system-wide issues affecting the quality of education. Improving educational outcomes among these poorer-performing students can have major impacts at the individual level and for Thailand’s economic growth prospects. Having a workforce with stronger analytical reasoning and problem solving skills - skills that extend well beyond simply being functionally literate - can help Thailand move up the value-added ladder to a more knowledge-based economy. Therefore, addressing the remaining gaps will enable Thailand to improve its competitiveness, economic growth, and prosperity 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867543 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22355 Volltext, Open Access

1759722928

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:37.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722928 OCoLC 1255594479 WBOKR 22421 EBP 064568202 KEP 064568202 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22421 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia Advancing a National Disaster Risk Financing Strategy--Options for Consideration World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACCIDENT s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s ATLANTIC HURRICANE s BANK s BANKS s BUILDING CODE s CATASTROPHIC EVENT s CATASTROPHIC EVENTS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMERCIAL BANK s CONTINGENCY PLAN s CRED s DAMAGE s DAMAGE ASSESSMENT s DAMAGED HOUSES s DAMAGES s DECLARATION s DEVASTATION s DISASTER s DISASTER ACTIVITIES s DISASTER ASSISTANCE s DISASTER EMERGENCY s DISASTER EMERGENCY RESPONSE s DISASTER EVENT s DISASTER EVENTS s DISASTER INSURANCE s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISASTER MITIGATION s DISASTER PREPAREDNESS s DISASTER PREVENTION s DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION s DISASTER RECOVERY s DISASTER REDUCTION s DISASTER REHABILITATION s DISASTER RELIEF s DISASTER RESPONSE s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTER RISKS s DISASTERS s DISPLACED PERSONS s DONOR PLEDGES s DROUGHT s DROUGHTS s EARLY WARNING s EARLY WARNING SYSTEM s EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS s EARTHQUAKE s EARTHQUAKES s EL NINO s EMERGENCIES s EMERGENCY s EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE s EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT s EMERGENCY NEEDS s EMERGENCY OPERATIONS s EMERGENCY RECOVERY s EMERGENCY RECOVERY LOANS s EMERGENCY RELIEF s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EMERGENCY RESPONSE ACTIVITIES s EMERGENCY SERVICES s EMERGENCY SHELTER s EMERGENCY SHELTERS s ENSO s ERUPTION s ERUPTIONS s EVACUATION s EXPLOSIONS s EXTREME EVENT s EXTREME EVENTS s EXTREME NATURAL DISASTER s FINANCIAL RISK s FIRE s FIRES s FLOOD s FLOODED s FLOODING s FLOODS s FOREST FIRES s HAIL STORM s HURRICANE s HURRICANES s IMPACT OF DISASTERS s INDEMNITY s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE CONTRACT s INSURANCE CONTRACTS s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE PREMIUM s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURER s INSURERS s INTERNATIONAL STRATEGY FOR DISASTER REDUCTION s LANDSLIDE s LANDSLIDES s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARDS s PHYSICAL DAMAGE s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PRIVATE REINSURANCE s RECOVERY OPERATIONS s REINSURANCE s REINSURER s REINSURERS s RELIEF s RELIEF ACTIVITIES s RELIEF EFFORTS s RELIEF OPERATION s RELIEF OPERATIONS s RELIEF SUPPLIES s RESCUE s RISK s RISK ANALYSIS s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK EXPOSURE s RISK REDUCTION s RISKS s SAFETY s SAVING s SAVINGS s SLUMS s SMOKE s SOUTHERN OSCILLATION s STORM s STORMS s TECHNOLOGY s TERRORISM s TORNADO s TORNADOS s TROPICAL CYCLONE s TROPICAL CYCLONES s TROPICAL STORMS s TSUNAMI s TSUNAMIS s VICTIMS s VOLCANIC ERUPTION s VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS s VOLCANO s VULNERABILITY TO DISASTERS s WARNING SYSTEM s WARNING SYSTEMS s WIND SPEED s WIND SPEEDS English en_US This study presents options for a national disaster risk financing strategy in Indonesia, drawing heavily on international experience. The study discusses a series of complementary options for a national disaster risk financing strategy, based on a preliminary fiscal risk analysis and a review of the current budget management of natural disasters in Indonesia. It benefits from the international experience of the World Bank, which has assisted several countries in the design and implementation of sovereign catastrophe risk financing strategies. The rehabilitation and reconstruction fund is the main budget instrument for the Government of Indonesia (GoI) to finance public post-disaster expenditures, but it is under-capitalized. This study presents an optimal combination of risk-retention and risk transfer instruments that could help the GoI increase its immediate financial response capacity against natural disasters and better protect its fiscal balance. Building on the three-tier risk layering approach promoted by the World Bank and the preliminary fiscal risk assessment analysis, the following financial strategy could be considered by the GoI. This strategy would provide the GoI with access to immediate liquidity in the aftermath of a disaster at a competitive cost. The strategy would allow the GoI to access up to US$1.8 billion liquidity in the aftermath of a disaster in order to finance immediate post-disaster expenditures, such as grants for livelihood and low income housing reconstruction. Preliminary disaster fiscal risk assessment analysis shows that this would protect the GoI against disasters occurring every 100 years. The implementation of a national disaster risk financing strategy would require significant institutional capacity building 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867551 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22421 Volltext, Open Access

1759722936

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:37.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722936 OCoLC 1255594389 WBOKR 22364 EBP 064568199 KEP 064568199 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22364 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rwanda Economic Update, June 2015 Financing Development World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Rwanda economic update,edition no. 8 Africa Rwanda s ECONOMIC RESILIENCE s FINANCING DEVELOPMENT s GLOBAL ECONOMIC RISKS s HIGH INVESTMENT RATES s INFLATION s OIL PRICE DECLINE s TRADE English en_US Growth recovery in 2014 is certainly good news. This time last year, we estimated the 2014 growth rate at 5.7 percent. Against all odds, the economy grew by 7 percent. However,growth outlook is not entirely bright. While the oil price decline has brought a positive impact oninflation and trade, recent economic indicators show some weaknesses. Also, global risks (e.g.,an increase in US interest rate, slowdown of Chinese and Euro economies, and an appreciationof the US dollar) are emerging. In the medium to long-term, Rwanda’s economic resiliencewill not be achieved without keeping high investment rates. However, the current investmentmodel (high public investment funded by aid) is not likely to be sustainable; given capacityconstraints to maintain high public investment and possible decline in aid relative to GDP inthe medium-term. Finding alternative sources of development financing is a key determinantof future growth. Development of the financial sector is critical to mobilize both domestic andforeign saving for financing development. This is the message of the Eighth Edition of theRwanda Economic Update (REU) 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986756X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22364 Volltext, Open Access

1759722944

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:37.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722944 OCoLC 1255594530 WBOKR 22292 EBP 064568180 KEP 064568180 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22292 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Baltic States and Poland Trade Logistics Review Enhancing Trade Competitiveness by Improving Transport and Logistics World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Estonia Europe and Central Asia Latvia Lithuania Poland s ACCESSIBILITY s ADVERSE IMPACTS s AIM s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIRPORT s AUDITS s AUTOMOBILE s AUTOMOBILES s BENCHMARK s BENCHMARKING s BORDER CROSSING s BORDER CROSSINGS s BOTTLENECKS s BULK CARGO s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CARBON s CARBON TRANSPORT s CARGO s CARGO COMPOSITION s CARGO HANDLING s CARGO VOLUMES s CARGOES s CARGOS s CARS s CITY TRAIN s COAL s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES s CONGESTION s CONTAINER HANDLING s CONTAINER SHIPPING s CONTAINER TRAFFIC s CONTAINERS s CROSSINGS s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS PROCEDURES s DEBT s DECISION MAKING s DEFLATION s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DIESEL s DOMESTIC TRAFFIC s DOMESTIC TRANSPORT s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC EXPANSION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INCENTIVES s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC SITUATION s ENVIRONMENTAL s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTS s EXTERNALITIES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FOOD PRODUCTION s FREIGHT s FREIGHT CONTAINERS s FREIGHT FLOWS s FREIGHT TRAFFIC s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s FUELS s GDP s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s INEFFICIENCY s INFRASTRUCTURE CAPACITY s INFRASTRUCTURE COST s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INFRASTRUCTURE REHABILITATION s INLAND WATERWAY s INLAND WATERWAYS s INTERMODAL TRANSPORT s INTERNATIONAL RAIL s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNATIONAL TRANSIT s INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT s LABOR COSTS s LAND TRANSPORT s LAND USE s LINER SHIPPING s LIQUIDITY s LOGISTICS COSTS s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION s MANAGERIAL EFFICIENCY s MARINE NAVIGATION s MARITIME TRANSPORT s METALS s MODAL SPLIT s MODES OF TRANSPORT s NATIONAL TRAFFIC s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET EXPORTS s NOISE s OIL s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE s PASSENGER SERVICES s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s PORT AUTHORITIES s PORT AUTHORITY s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s RAIL s RAIL ACCESS s RAIL CONNECTION s RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE s RAIL LINE s RAIL NETWORK s RAIL ROUTES s RAIL SERVICES s RAIL SYSTEM s RAIL TRAFFIC s RAIL TRANSIT s RAIL TRANSPORT s RAIL USERS s RAILROAD s RAILWAY s RAILWAY LINES s RAILWAY NETWORK s RAILWAY NETWORKS s RAILWAY PACKAGE s RAILWAY SECTOR s RAILWAY SYSTEM s RAILWAYS s RECESSION s ROAD s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD MANAGEMENT s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD PRICING s ROAD SECTOR s ROAD TRAFFIC s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD USERS s ROADS s ROLLING STOCK s ROUTE s SAFETY s SEAPORTS s SHIPMENTS s SHIPPERS s SHORT-SEA SHIPPING s SPEEDS s SUBWAY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TIMBER s TONNAGE s TRACK CONDITIONS s TRACKINGAMP; TRACING s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE BARRIERS s TRADE COMPETITIVENESS s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE LOGISTICS s TRADE POLICIES s TRADE POLICY s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC FLOW s TRAFFIC VOLUME s TRAINS s TRAMWAY s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSIT s TRANSIT COUNTRIES s TRANSIT DEMAND s TRANSIT ROUTES s TRANSIT SERVICE s TRANSIT TRADE s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT ACTIVITY s TRANSPORT CORRIDORS s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT EFFICIENCY s TRANSPORT FACILITIES s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT MODE s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT NETWORK s TRANSPORT OF GOODS s TRANSPORT OPERATIONS s TRANSPORT POLICIES s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICE s TRANSPORT SERVICE QUALITY s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORT STRATEGY s TRANSPORT ­ ACTIVITY s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TRANSPORTS s TRANSSHIPMENT s TRAVEL TIMES s TRUCK DRIVERS s TRUCK VOLUMES s TRUCKS s TRUE s TYPE OF TRANSPORT s UNFAIR COMPETITION s VEHICLE s VEHICLE DRIVERS s VEHICLE MANUFACTURING s VEHICLES s VESSELS s WAGES s WAREHOUSING s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US The Baltic States; Estoni ... 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867578 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22292 Volltext, Open Access

1759722952

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722952 OCoLC 1255594658 WBOKR 22290 EBP 064568172 KEP 064568172 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22290 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Environmental Health in Nicaragua Study 1 Technical Annexes World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Nicaragua s ADEQUATE SANITATION s ADULT MORTALITY s AGE DISTRIBUTION s AIR POLLUTION s AIR POLLUTION CONTROL s AIR QUALITY s AVERAGE COSTS s BASIC SANITATION s BEHAVIOR CHANGE s BENEFIT ANALYSIS s BOREHOLES s BULLETIN s CANCER s CENSUSES s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD MORTALITY RATES s CHRONIC DISEASE s CLEAN FUELS s CLINICS s COAL s CONTINGENT VALUATION s COST ANALYSIS s COST OF WATER s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISABILITY s DISEASES s ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES s ECONOMIC VALUE s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ECONOMISTS s ELASTICITIES s ELDERLY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE s ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL RISK s EPIDEMIOLOGY s FAMILIES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FEMALE LITERACY s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATES s FLUSH TOILET s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH CONSEQUENCES s HEALTH EFFECTS s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH IMPACT s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH POLICY s HEALTH RESEARCH s HEALTH RISKS s HEALTH SERVICES s HOSPITAL s HOSPITALIZATION s HOUSEHOLD ENERGY CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSEHOLD USE s HOUSEHOLD WORK s HUMAN CAPITAL s HYGIENE s ILLNESS s ILLNESSES s INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS s INDOOR AIR POLLUTION s INFANT s INTERVENTION s INVESTMENT COSTS s JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY s JOURNAL OF MEDICINE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LONGER LIFE s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MARGINAL BENEFITS s MARGINAL COST s MARGINAL COSTS s MARITAL STATUS s MEDICAL FACILITIES s MEDICAL SERVICES s MEDICAL TREATMENT s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MONITORING PROGRAM s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s MORTALITY REDUCTION s MORTALITY RISK s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATURAL GAS s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s OCCUPATIONAL RISK s ORAL REHYDRATION THERAPY s OZONE s PATIENTS s PIPED WATER s PIT LATRINES s POLICY ANALYSIS s POLICY RESEARCH s POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER s POLLUTION s POLLUTION CONTROL s POLLUTION LEVELS s POPULATION DISTRIBUTION s POPULATION GROUPS s POPULATION SUBGROUP s POTABLE WATER s PREMATURE DEATH s PRESENT VALUE s PRICE OF WATER s PRIVATE DOCTORS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUALITY IMPROVEMENT s QUALITY STANDARDS s REAL WAGES s RESOURCE LIMITATIONS s RESPECT s RISK FACTORS s RISK OF DEATH s RISK OF ILLNESS s RIVERS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DRINKING WATER s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL VILLAGES s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s RURAL WOMEN s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SAFETY EQUIPMENT s SANITATION s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE s SERVICE DELIVERY s SEWAGE TREATMENT s SMOKING s SPRING WATER s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TUBERCULOSIS s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AIR POLLUTION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN ENVIRONMENTS s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s VACCINATION s VENTILATION s WAGE DIFFERENTIALS s WAGE RATES s WAGES s WASHING s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT s WATER SANITATION s WATER SOURCE s WATER SUPPLY s WATER TREATMENT s WATER TREATMENT PLANT s WELLS s WILLINGNESS TO PAY s WORKERS s WORKFORCE s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION s YOUNG CHILDREN pha English en_US Globally, an estimated 24 percent of the disease burden (healthy life years lost) and an estimated 23 percent of all deaths (premature mortality) are attributable to environmental risks (World Health Organization, or WHO 2006). The burden of disease is unequally shared, with the children and the poor being particularly affected. Among children between the ages 0 and 14, the proportion of deaths attributable to environmental risks, such as poor water and sanitation, indoor air pollution and vector-borne diseases, is estimated to be as high as 36 percent (WHO 2006). Several key messages have emerged from the process of putting together this study: (i) environmental health risks impose a significant burden on Nicaraguas economy, amounting to 2.6 billion Nicaraguan Cordoba (NIO) or 2.4 percent of the countrys Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and result in premature deaths and infections, especially in children under five; (ii) cost-effective interventions to address these environmental health risks exist and should be prioritized in Nicaragua; (iii) country-specific health and environmental data are somewhat limited, especially in the case of air quality, and data collection and monitoring need to be further strengthened; and (iv) the capacity of Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (MARENA) and Ministry of Health (MINSA) staff to conduct environmental health costing analysis needs to be strengthened through proper training 40 17-11-21 00:18:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867586 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22290 Volltext, Open Access

1759722960

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722960 OCoLC 1255594648 WBOKR 22289 EBP 064568164 KEP 064568164 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22289 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Analysis of the Process of Environmental Impact Assessment in Nicaragua Addressing Key Environmental Challenges--Study 3 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Nicaragua s COST-EFFECTIVE INTERVENTIONS s DATA COLLECTION s DISEASE s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH COSTS s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RISKS s INDOOR AIR POLLUTION s MONITORING s PREMATURE MORTALITY s SANITATION s TRAINING s WATER pha English en_US Globally, an estimated 24 percent of the disease burden (healthy life years lost) and an estimated 23 percent of all deaths (premature mortality) are attributable to environmental risks (World Health Organization, or WHO 2006). The burden of disease is unequally shared, with the children and the poor being particularly affected. Among children between the ages 0 and 14, the proportion of deaths attributable to environmental risks, such as poor water and sanitation, indoor air pollution and vector-borne diseases, is estimated to be as high as 36 percent (WHO 2006). Several key messages have emerged from the process of putting together this study: (i) environmental health risks impose a significant burden on Nicaraguas economy, amounting to 2.6 billion Nicaraguan Cordoba (NIO) or 2.4 percent of the countrys Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and result in premature deaths and infections, especially in children under five; (ii) cost-effective interventions to address these environmental health risks exist and should be prioritized in Nicaragua; (iii) country-specific health and environmental data are somewhat limited, especially in the case of air quality, and data collection and monitoring need to be further strengthened; and (iv) the capacity of Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (MARENA) and Ministry of Health (MINSA) staff to conduct environmental health costing analysis needs to be strengthened through proper training 40 17-11-21 00:18:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867594 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22289 Volltext, Open Access

1759722979

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722979 OCoLC 1255594502 WBOKR 22288 EBP 064568156 KEP 064568156 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22288 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Environmental Health in Nicaragua Key Environmental Challenges--Study 1 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Nicaragua s ADULT MORBIDITY s ADULT MORTALITY s AGE GROUP s AIR POLLUTION s AIR POLLUTION CONTROL s AIR POLLUTION MEASURES s AIR QUALITY s AIR QUALITY MONITORING s AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION s AVERAGE DAILY CONSUMPTION s BASIC SANITATION s BENEFIT-COST ANALYSIS s BOREHOLES s CANCER s CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE s CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD MORTALITY RATE s CHRONIC BRONCHITIS s CLEAN FUEL s CLEANER FUELS s COAL s COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS s COST OF WATER s DEATHS s DEATHS OF CHILDREN s DECISION MAKING s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT GOALS s DIESEL s DISABILITY s DISASTERS s DOSE RESPONSE s DRINKING WATER s DRUGS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELDERLY s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION s ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS s ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY s ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS s EXERCISES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH BURDEN s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH CONDITIONS s HEALTH DAMAGE s HEALTH DAMAGES s HEALTH EFFECTS s HEALTH IMPACT s HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH PROBLEMS s HEALTH RISKS s HEALTHY LIFE s HIGH CHILD MORTALITY s HOSPITAL s HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS s HOSPITALIZATION s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN HEALTH s HYGIENE s ILL HEALTH s ILLNESS s ILLNESSES s INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS s INDOOR AIR s INDOOR AIR POLLUTION s INDOOR AIR QUALITY s INFECTIONS IN WOMEN s INTERVENTION s INVESTMENT COSTS s LIVE BIRTHS s LOCAL CAPACITY s MARGINAL COST s MATERNAL HEALTH s MEDICAL TREATMENT s MEDICINES s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MONITORING PROGRAM s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s MORTALITY RATE FOR CHILDREN UNDER AGE s MORTALITY RATES s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUMBER OF NEW CASES s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE s OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION s OUTDOOR AIR QUALITY s OZONE s PARTICULATE AIR POLLUTION s PARTICULATE MATTER s PARTICULATE POLLUTION s PERSONAL HYGIENE s PIPED WATER s PIT LATRINES s POLICY MAKERS s POLLUTANTS s POLLUTION s POLLUTION EXPOSURE s POLLUTION IMPACTS s POOR HEALTH s POOR WATER QUALITY s POPULATION GROWTH RATE s POPULATION SUBGROUPS s POTABLE WATER s POTABLE WATER SUPPLY s PREMATURE DEATH s PREMATURE DEATHS s PREMATURE MORTALITY s PRIMARY CAREGIVERS s PROGRESS s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s PUBLIC WATER s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUANTITY OF WATER s RESPIRATORY DISEASES s RESPIRATORY ILLNESS s RESPIRATORY ILLNESSES s RISK FACTORS s RISK OF ILLNESS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DRINKING WATER s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POPULATIONS s RURAL SANITATION s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SANITATION s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SEPTIC TANK s SERVICE PROVISION s SEWAGE s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TRANSPORTATION s URBAN AIR POLLUTION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN POLLUTION s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN POPULATION GROWTH s URBAN POPULATIONS s VENTILATION s VULNERABILITY s WASHING s WASTE s WASTE DISPOSAL s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER POLLUTION s WATER SANITATION s WATER SUPPLY s WATER USE s WELLS s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION s YOUNG CHILDREN pha English en_US Globally, an estimated 24 percent of the disease burden (healthy life years lost) and an estimated 23 percent of all deaths (premature mortality) are attributable to environmental risks (World Health Organization, or WHO 2006). The burden of disease is unequally shared, with the children and the poor being particularly affected. Among children between the ages 0 and 14, the proportion of deaths attributable to environmental risks, such as poor water and sanitation, indoor air pollution and vector-borne diseases, is estimated to be as high as 36 percent (WHO 2006). Several key messages have emerged from the process of putting together this study: (i) environmental health risks impose a significant burden on Nicaraguas economy, amounting to 2.6 billion Nicaraguan Cordoba (NIO) or 2.4 percent of the countrys Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and result in premature deaths and infections, especially in children under five; (ii) cost-effective interventions to address these environmental health risks exist and should be prioritized in Nicaragua; (iii) country-specific health and environmental data are somewhat limited, especially in the case of air quality, and data collection and monitoring need to be further strengthened; and (iv) the capacity of Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (MARENA) and Ministry of Health (MINSA) staff to conduct environmental health costing analysis needs to be strengthened through proper training 40 17-11-21 00:18:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867608 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22288 Volltext, Open Access

1759722987

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722987 OCoLC 1255594636 WBOKR 22258 EBP 064568148 KEP 064568148 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22258 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Health Public Expenditure Review Zimbabwe World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Zimbabwe s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ADOLESCENTS s AGED s ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION s ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY s ANTENATAL CARE s BEDS s BIRTH ATTENDANTS s BUDGETS s BURDEN OF DISEASE s CARE s CERVICAL CANCER s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD HEALTH SERVICES s CHILD NUTRITION s CHILDREN s CIRCUMCISION s CLINICS s COMMUNICABLE DISEASES s COMMUNITY HEALTH s CONTRACEPTIVES s COSTS s DEATHS s DEMAND s DIABETES s DIETS s DOCTORS s EMPLOYMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s EQUITY s EVALUATION s EXERCISES s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNALITIES s FAMILIES s FAMILY PLANNING s FEES s FINANCE MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCING s FORMAL CARE s HEALTH s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE DELIVERY s HEALTH CARE FACILITIES s HEALTH CARE PROVISION s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH CARE SPENDING s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH CLINICS s HEALTH COSTS s HEALTH EDUCATION s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH FINANCING s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH INFORMATION s HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s HEALTH MANAGEMENT s HEALTH ORGANIZATION s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH POLICY s HEALTH PROGRAMS s HEALTH PROMOTION s HEALTH PROVIDERS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICE s HEALTH SERVICE DELIVERY s HEALTH SERVICE PROVIDERS s HEALTH SERVICE PROVISION s HEALTH SERVICE UTILIZATION s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SPECIALIST s HEALTH STATUS s HEALTH SYSTEM s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HEALTH WORKFORCE s HEALTH-SYSTEMS STRENGTHENING s HIV/AIDS s HOSPITAL BEDS s HOSPITAL SERVICES s HOSPITALIZATION s HOSPITALS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s HYPERTENSION s ILLNESS s IMMUNIZATION s IMPLEMENTATION s INCENTIVES s INCIDENCE s INCOME s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INFANT MORTALITY RATES s INFANTS s INFECTIOUS DISEASES s INJURIES s INPATIENT CARE s INSURANCE s INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF CHILDHOOD ILLNESSES s INTEGRATION s INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS s INTERVENTION s INTERVIEW s ISOLATION s KNOWLEDGE s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIFESTYLE s MALARIA CONTROL s MALARIA INCIDENCE s MEASUREMENT s MEDICAL CARE s MEDICAL EQUIPMENT s MEDICAL FACILITIES s MEDICAL RECORDS s MEDICAL SERVICES s MEDICAL SUPPLIES s MEDICAL TREATMENT s MEDICINES s MENTAL HEALTH s MIGRATION s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s NURSES s NUTRITION s OUTPATIENT CARE s OUTPATIENT SERVICES s PALLIATIVE CARE s PATIENT s PATIENTS s PEOPLE s PHARMACISTS s PHARMACY s PHYSICAL ACTIVITY s POPULATION s POSTNATAL CARE s POVERTY s PREGNANCY s PREGNANT WOMEN s PREVENTION s PRIMARY CARE s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PROBABILITY s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAMS s PUBLIC HEALTH SPENDING s QUALITY OF HEALTH s QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE s REHABILITATION s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s RISK FACTORS s RISKS s RURAL HEALTH CARE s SCREENING s SEXUAL INTERCOURSE s SMOKERS s SMOKING s SOCIAL SERVICES s STRATEGY s SURVEILLANCE s SUSTAINABLE HEALTH CARE s TUBERCULOSIS s TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS s UNDER-FIVE MORTALITY s VACCINATION s VILLAGE HEALTH WORKERS s WEIGHT s WORKERS pha English en_US This Public Expenditure Review (PER) for health in Zimbabwe is an analytical report developed by the World Bank Health, Nutrition and Population Task Team working with the World Bank’s Macroeconomics and Fiscal Management Global Practice team, Zimbabwe’s Ministry of Finance and Economic Development (MOFED) and Ministry of Health and Child Care (MOHCC), with input from development partners. The aims of the PER are to provide objective evidence to inform the allocation of resources to enable equitable, efficient, and sustainable health care provision and to highlight questions about health sector performance for policy makers and key stakeholders. The findings also aim to present Zimbabwe’s health sector spending in an international and regional perspective, highlighting key issues for improving health outcomes. The PER is based on analysis of primary and secondary data as well as an extensive review of existing literature. The research was complemented by interviews with key stakeholders, and data collection from major development partners and domestic health funders, including private companies. Micro-level data from household and health facility surveys in May–August 2014 (primarily for the impact evaluation of the Results-Based Financing (RBF) program supported by the World Bank) complemented these scarce data 40 17-11-21 00:18:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867616 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22258 Volltext, Open Access

1759722995

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:37.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759722995 OCoLC 1255594521 WBOKR 22260 EBP 06456813X KEP 06456813X 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22260 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bosnia and Herzegovina Financial Sector Assessment International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET MANAGEMENT COMPANIES s AUDITING s AUDITORS s AUDITS s BANK s BANK MERGERS s BANK RESTRUCTURING s BANKING s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING LAW s BANKING LAWS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SUPERVISION s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BANKS s CAPITAL s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CENTRAL BANK OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA s CENTRAL BANKS s COLLECTION AGENCIES s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s CONSOLIDATED SUPERVISION s CREDIT s CREDIT APPROVAL s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT s CRITERIA s CURRENT EXPENDITURES s DEBT s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSIT INSURANCE COVERAGE s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANKS s EMERGING MARKETS s ENFORCEMENT POWERS s ENTERPRISES s EQUITY s EQUITY CAPITAL s EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK s EXTERNAL AUDITORS s FACTORING s FINANCE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENTS s GUARANTEES s HOLDING COMPANIES s HOUSING s INDUSTRY s INFRASTRUCTURE s INSURANCE s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURED DEPOSITS s INTEREST s INTEREST INCOME s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s LABOR s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGISLATION s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LENDING s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDITY RATIO s LOAN CLASSIFICATION s LOAN LOSS PROVISIONS s LOANS s MANDATES s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET VALUE s MARKETS s MICROFINANCE s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MORAL HAZARD s NONPERFORMING LOANS s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PENSIONS s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATIZATION s PROBLEM BANKS s PROFITABILITY s PRUDENTIAL REQUIREMENTS s REGULATORY FORBEARANCE s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REORGANIZATION s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RETURN ON EQUITY s RISK s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MEASUREMENT s SAVING s SERVICES s SETTLEMENT SYSTEMS s SMALL BANKS s STATE BANKING s STATE BANKS s STRATEGIES s SUBORDINATED DEBT s SUBSIDIARIES s SUPERVISORY AGENCIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s TAX LAWS s TAXATION s TAXES s TIER 1 CAPITAL s TRANSFERS s VALUE s VOUCHER PRIVATIZATION s WAGES s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) is still dealing with the aftershocks of the global financial crisis that have weakened financial sector asset quality and profitability. System-wide solvency and liquidity indicators appear broadly sound, but significant pockets of vulnerability exist among domestically-owned banks. Banking and insurance oversight have improved since the 2006 financial sector assessment program (FSAP), but a number of important shortcomings in some segments remain. Decisive and immediate actions to deal with weak banks are critical for preserving financial stability. The legal framework governing creditor and debtor relationships is comprehensive, however neither debt resolution, businesses reorganization, nor bankruptcy liquidation work effectively. The financial reporting framework has improved recently and is substantially aligned with the acquis communautaire and harmonized between the two entities. Governance processes of state-owned banks reveal a number of concerns. There is a need to further strengthen the supervisory board selection process and internal audit functions of state banks. The Development Bank of the Federation of BiH is only partially supervised by the Banking Agency of the Federation of BiH (FBA). Specific strategies and exit plans for the Republika Srpska (RS) government’s support of the financial sector are undefined 40 17-11-21 00:18:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867624 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22260 Volltext, Open Access

1759723002

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723002 OCoLC 1255594672 WBOKR 22259 EBP 064568121 KEP 064568121 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22259 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Georgia Public Expenditure Review Selected Fiscal Issues World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Georgia s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL LOAN s AGRICULTURAL LOANS s ALLOCATION OF CAPITAL s ALLOCATION OF CREDIT s BANK LENDING s BANK LOAN s BANK LOANS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BUDGET s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s BUDGETING s BUDGETS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL GRANT s CAPITAL GRANT ALLOCATIONS s CAPITAL GRANTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CASH TRANSFERS s CHECK s CHECKS s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK LENDING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL LOANS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTRACT s CORPORATE INVESTMENTS s CREDIT HISTORY s CREDIT MARKET s CREDIT PROGRAM s CREDIT PROGRAMS s CURRENCIES s CURRENCY s DEBT s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICIT s DEFICITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DISABILITY PENSION s DISABILITY PENSIONS s DOMESTIC BORROWING s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY s EXCHANGE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTERS s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISCAL AUTONOMY s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED ASSETS s FIXED CAPITAL s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FUTURE s GOOD s GOODS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT BUDGETING s GOVERNMENT CAPACITIES s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GRANT ALLOCATIONS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GUARANTEE s GUARANTEES s HOLDINGS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAX EXEMPTION s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIES s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST s INTEREST COSTS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE CAPS s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATES s INTERESTS s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s INVESTING s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENT CHOICES s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENTS s ISSUANCE s LAND HOLDINGS s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND TITLE s LAND‐HOLDERS s LENDERS s LENDING s LEVY s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOAN OFFICERS s LOAN PERFORMANCE s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOANS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET REFORM s MARKET REFORMS s MARKET RISKS s MATURITY s MICROFINANCE s MOBILE PHONE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL SAVING s OIL PRICES s OPTION s OPTIONS s PENSION s PENSIONS s PERSONAL INCOME s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PROFIT s PROPERTIES s PROPERTY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC REGISTRY s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s PUBLIC SPENDING s RATES OF RETURN s REFERENDUM s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT RISK s RESERVES s RETURN s REVENUE s REVENUES s SECURITY s SHARE s SHARES s STOCK s TANGIBLE ASSETS s TAX s TAX CODE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX EXEMPTION s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX SYSTEM s TAXES s TRADING s TRANSFER PAYMENTS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TRUST FUND s VARIABLE COSTS s WAREHOUSE s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US Georgia has an impressive growth record but social vulnerabilities persist. It remains a challenge to tackle social vulnerabilities within a sustained macroeconomic framework. This programmatic public expenditure review (PER) assesses the alignment of selected fiscal programs with the government’s social objectives. Building on the analysis and recommendations of the 2014 PER, this PER analyzes the impact of recent reforms including the social programs that were either introduced or scaled up in 2013. It gives an overview of the recent macroeconomic and fiscal developments, including the fiscal implications of the social programs in chapter one. It addresses three questions in the rest of the report: (1) has the realignment of spending toward social sectors resulted in better distributional outcomes; (2) have the agriculture support programs been targeted at productivity growth to support real incomes in poor rural regions; and (3) what is the fiscal and equity impact of the ongoing decentralization process? The first question is addressed by combining micro household survey data with administrative fiscal data to analyze the distributional impact of both taxes and government spending on poverty and inequality in Georgia in chapter two. The second question is addressed by comparing the cost of new agriculture programs with their estimated impact on agricultural productivity in chapter three. Finally, the issue of regional inequalities is partially addressed by discussing three different aspects of the current decentralization process: the expected fiscal impact of decentralization, the need to rationalize current capital grant programs to make public investment more effective, and the implications of introducing free preschool education administered at the local government level in chapter four 40 17-11-21 00:18:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867632 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22259 Volltext, Open Access

1759723010

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723010 OCoLC 1255594583 WBOKR 22268 EBP 064568113 KEP 064568113 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22268 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Pakistan Export Diversification and Trade Policy World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s AGGREGATE ANALYSIS s AIR s AIR CARGO s AIR CONDITIONERS s AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BENEFIT ANALYSIS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL GOODS s CAR s CARBON s CLIMATE CHANGE s COAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS s COMPETITION s CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK s CONDITIONALITY s CONSUMER PROTECTION s COSTS s CREDIT s CROSS SUBSIDIZATION s CROWDING OUT s DEBT s DEMAND s DEREGULATION s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DRIVERS s DURABLE GOODS s ECONOMETRICS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC MODELS s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC SITUATION s ECONOMICS s ECONOMIES s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ECONOMISTS s EFFICIENCY s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS s EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENVIRONMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTS s EQUILIBRIUM s EXCISE TAX s EXPENDITURES s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FISH s FISHING s FIXED COSTS s FOOD POLICY RESEARCH s FORESTRY s FREIGHT s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s IMPORT QUOTAS s INCENTIVES s INFRASTRUCTURE s INTERMEDIATE GOODS s INTERMEDIATE INPUTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKETS s LAND s MARKET DISTORTIONS s MARKET POWER s METALS s MODELS s MOTOR VEHICLES s NATIONAL TRANSPORT s OIL s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s PATENTS s POLICIES s POLICY INSTRUMENTS s POLICY MAKERS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s PRICES s PRIVATE PROPERTY s PRODUCERS s PROFITS s PROPERTY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC GOOD s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC GOVERNANCE s PURCHASING POWER s QUOTAS s RAIL s RAILWAY s RAILWAYS s RESEARCH AGENDA s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCES s RETAINED EARNINGS s REVENUE s REVENUES s RISK MANAGEMENT s ROUTE s ROUTES s SAFETY s SECURITIES s STREAMS s SUBSIDIES s SUBSIDY s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TARIFFS s TAX s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX RATES s TAXES s TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS s TERMS OF TRADE s THEORETICAL MODELS s TRADE s TRADE TAXES s TRAINING s TRANSIT s TRANSIT TRADE s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT FACILITATION s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT s TRANSPORTS s TREND s VALUES s VEHICLES s WAGES s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WATER PRICING s WELFARE EFFECTS s WELFARE GAINS English en_US Pakistan’s trade indicators reflect low outward orientation, concentration on low value added activities and an undiversified product mix which out of line with the fastest growing areas of world demand. The export share of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has remained low and falling—fro 40 17-11-21 00:18:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867640 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22268 Volltext, Open Access

1759723029

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723029 OCoLC 1255594673 WBOKR 22287 EBP 064568105 KEP 064568105 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22287 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Georgia Country Environmental Analysis Institutional, Economic, and Poverty Aspects of Georgia’s Road to Environmental Sustainability World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Environment and natural resources global practice country environmental analysis Europe and Central Asia Georgia s ABATEMENT s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s ARABLE LAND s ARSENIC s BARLEY s BASELINE LEVELS s BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY s CANCER s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON TAXES s CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS s CLEAN FUELS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COAL s COMMON PROPERTY s COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES s CONSUMPTION s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CONSUMPTION PATTERNS s CONTINUOUS MONITORING s COST ANALYSIS s CULTIVABLE LAND s DECISION MAKING s DEFORESTATION s DEMAND s DEMOGRAPHIC GROWTH s DEREGULATION s DIVIDENDS s DRINKING WATER s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GOODS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIC INCENTIVES s ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC VALUE s ECONOMIC WELFARE s ECONOMICS s ECONOMIES s ECONOMISTS s ELASTICITIES s EMISSION STANDARDS s EMISSIONS s EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE s ENDANGERED SPECIES s ENERGY TAXES s ENVIRONMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY s ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES s ENVIRONMENTAL TAXES s EQUILIBRIUM s EQUITY s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s EXTERNALITIES s FARMS s FOREST MANAGEMENT s FORESTRY s GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE s GOVERNMENT ENVIRONMENTAL EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GREENHOUSE GASES s HEAVY METALS s HUMAN BEHAVIOR s INCENTIVES s INTERMEDIATE INPUTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LAND s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND PRODUCTIVITY s LAND RESOURCES s LAND USE s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOGGING s MARKET PRICES s METALS s MINES s MODELS s NATIONAL ACCOUNTING s NATIONAL INCOME s NATURAL CAPITAL s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES s NITROGEN OXIDES s OIL s OVERGRAZING s PASTURES s POLICY MAKERS s POLLUTERS s POLLUTION s POLLUTION ABATEMENT s POLLUTION CHARGES s POLLUTION CONCENTRATION s POLLUTION CONTROL s POLLUTION LEVELS s POLLUTION REDUCTION s POLLUTION TAX s POLLUTION TAXES s POPULATION GROWTH s PRESENT VALUE s PRICE CHANGES s PRICE ELASTICITIES s PRICES s PRIVATE GOODS s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION PROCESSES s PROPERTY s PROPERTY VALUES s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PURCHASING POWER s QUALITY STANDARDS s RECYCLING s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RESOURCE USE s RESOURCES s REVENUE s REVENUES s RISK MANAGEMENT s RIVER BASINS s SOCIAL COSTS s SOIL PRODUCTIVITY s SOLID WASTES s SUBSIDIES s SULFUR DIOXIDE s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s TAXES s TIMBER s TRADE s UNEMPLOYMENT s VALUES s WAGES s WASTE DISPOSAL s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WETLANDS s WILLINGNESS TO PAY pha English en_US During the past decade, Georgia’s pursuit of economic reforms led to impressive economic growth, capital inflow, and investments. It helped improve the business environment and infrastructure, strengthened public finances, and liberalized trade. Georgia achieved most of the human development targets of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This progress did not result, however, in improved environmental governance or better management of natural resources. Nowadays, environmental policies are receiving increasing attention from Georgian policy and decision makers, recognizing that sustainable development is about a profound change of policies that drive systemic transformation of production, consumption, and behavioral patterns. The list of the country’s environmental challenges is long. Current policies and instruments lack the rigor to effectively reduce pressures on natural assets and protect public health from poor environmental quality. Georgia does not have a comprehensive assessment of the cost of inaction to environmental degradation linking it to economic growth, poverty, and shared prosperity. This is a central issue on which the Country Environmental Analysis (CEA) is focused. The main objective of the CEA is to assist the government, civil society, and development partners of Georgia in identifying and analyzing critical environmental constraints to sustainable growth and shared prosperity. Georgia’s Country Partnership Strategy for 2014-2017 points to lagging public policies on protecting the environment and natural resources, against impressive economic growth. It further highlights several areas needing attention, such as air and water quality, waste management, land and landscape management, and nature resource use and protection 40 17-11-21 00:18:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867659 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22287 Volltext, Open Access

1759723037

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723037 OCoLC 1255594584 WBOKR 22277 EBP 064568091 KEP 064568091 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22277 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tanzania Agricultural Sector Risk Assessment Carlos E. Arce VerfasserIn aut Jorge Caballero VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource s ACCESS TO ASSETS s ACCESS TO FOOD s ACCESS TO INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGY s ADMINISTRATIVE REGIONS s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL INCOMES s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL SEASON s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL SECTORS s AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT s AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES s AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY s ARABLE LAND s ARID REGIONS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CASH CROPS s CASH EARNINGS s CASH INCOME s CENTRAL REGIONS s CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS s CHILD LABOR s CLIMATE CHANGE s COASTAL REGIONS s COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE s CONSUMER PRICES s CONSUMPTION s CONSUMPTION BASKET s COTTON PRODUCTION s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP YIELDS s DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY s DOMESTIC PRICES s DROUGHT RISK s DRY SEASON s ECOLOGICAL REGIONS s ECOLOGICAL ZONES s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s FAMILY INCOME s FARM PRODUCTION s FARM RESEARCH s FARM TECHNOLOGIES s FARM-GATE s FARMER s FARMER ASSOCIATIONS s FARMER GROUPS s FARMERS s FARMING SYSTEMS s FOOD AID s FOOD AVAILABILITY s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD CROP s FOOD CROP PRODUCERS s FOOD CROP PRODUCTION s FOOD CROPS s FOOD IMPORTS s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD POLICY s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SECURITY PROBLEMS s FOOD SUPPLY s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY s HOUSING s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX s ILLITERACY s INCOME GROWTH s IRRIGATION s LACK OF EDUCATION s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND PRODUCTIVITY s LAND TENURE s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVESTOCK SALES s LIVESTOCK SECTOR s MAJORITY OF FARMERS s MALNUTRITION s MATERNAL HEALTH s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MEAT s MILK s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NATURAL DISASTERS s NUTRITION s PARTICIPATORY POVERTY ASSESSMENT s PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES s PLANTING MATERIAL s POLITICAL REGION s POLITICAL REGIONS s POOR PRODUCERS s POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s POOR RURAL PEOPLE s POVERTY s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PROTEIN CONTENT s REDUCTION OF POVERTY s REGION s REGIONAL BASIS s REGIONAL BODY s REGIONAL COUNCILS s REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION s REGIONAL FORESTRY s REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS s REGIONAL LEVEL s REGIONAL LEVELS s REGIONAL MARKET s REGIONAL RISK s REGIONAL TRADE s REGIONAL VARIABILITY s REGIONAL WORKSHOP s REGIONS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DISTRICTS s RURAL GROUPS s RURAL HOUSEHOLD s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INHABITANTS s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RURAL PEOPLE s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POPULATIONS s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY LINE s RURAL ROAD s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SCHOOLING s SEED SUPPLY s SEMI-ARID REGIONS s SMALL FARMERS s SMALL-SCALE FARMER s SMALLHOLDER FARMERS s SMALLHOLDER FARMING s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SPATIAL PATTERNS s STORAGE FACILITIES s SUBSISTENCE s SUBSISTENCE FARMERS s VEGETABLES s VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT s VULNERABLE AREAS s VULNERABLE GROUPS s YIELD DATA pha English en_US This study aims to achieve a better understanding of the agricultural risk and risk management situation in Tanzania with a view to identifying key solutions to reduce current gross domestic product (GDP) growth volatility. For the purpose of this assessment, risk is defined as the probability that an uncertain event will occur that can potentially produce losses to participants along the supply chain. Persistence of unmanaged risks in agriculture is a cause of great economic losses for farmers and other actors along the supply chains (for example, traders, processors, and exporters), affecting export earnings and food security. The agricultural sector risk assessment is a straightforward methodology based on a three-phase sequential process. Phase analyzes the chronological occurrence of inter-seasonal agricultural risks with a view to identify and prioritize the risks that are the drivers of agricultural GDP volatility. This report contains the findings and recommendations of the first phase and includes the identification, analysis, and prioritization of major risks facing the agricultural sector in Tanzania, as well as recommendations regarding key solutions. Chapter one gives introduction and context. Chapter two contains an overview of the agricultural sector and its performance, as well as a discussion of key agro-climatic, weather, and policy restrictions and opportunities. Chapter three includes an assessment of major risks (that is, production, market, and enabling environment risks) facing key export and food crops. Chapter four presents an estimate of historical losses due to realized production risks and a correlation of such losses with production volatility. Chapter five provides insights into the exposure to risks by different stakeholders and their actual capacities, vulnerabilities, and potential to manage agricultural risks. Chapter six presents a risk prioritization by different supply chains and discusses the possible solutions, as well as specific recommendations for the agricultural sector development program (ASDP) 40 17-11-21 00:18:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867667 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22277 Volltext, Open Access

1759723045

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723045 OCoLC 1255594459 WBOKR 22276 EBP 064568083 KEP 064568083 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22276 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Connecting Food Staples and Input Markets in West Africa A Regional Trade Agenda for ECOWAS Countries Jean-Christophe Maur VerfasserIn aut Ben Shepherd VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa West Africa s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL POLICIES s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURE s ANIMAL FEED s APPLES s BAGGING s BEEF s BEER s BREAD s BREWERIES s BREWING s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASSAVA s CEREAL CROPS s CEREAL IMPORTS s CEREAL PRODUCTION s CEREALS s CHEMICAL ANALYSIS s CLEANLINESS s COCOA s CONFECTIONERY s CONSUMPTION s CONSUMPTION PATTERNS s CONTAINERS s CONTROL LABORATORIES s COOKING s CORN s CREDIT s DEMAND FOR FOOD s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMICS s ECONOMIES s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EFFICIENCY s EGGS s ENVIRONMENT s EXPLOITATION s FAMINE s FAMINES s FEEDS s FLOUR s FLOUR MILLS s FOOD s FOOD AVAILABILITY s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD CROPS s FOOD EXPORT s FOOD EXPORTS s FOOD IMPORTS s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD MARKETS s FOOD NEEDS s FOOD OUTPUT s FOOD POLICY s FOOD POLICY RESEARCH s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PROCESSING s FOOD PRODUCERS s FOOD PRODUCT s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD REQUIREMENTS s FOOD RESERVES s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SHORTAGES s FOOD STAPLES s FOOD SUPPLIES s FOOD SUPPLY s FOODS s FRUIT s GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY s GRAINS s GROUNDNUT s GROUNDNUTS s HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY s IFPRI s INCENTIVES s INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE s JUICES s LABELING s LAND s LEGUMES s LOGISTICS s MAIZE s MEAL s MEAT s MEAT PROCESSING s MEATS s MILLS s OPTIONS s ORANGE s PACKAGING s PADDY s PALM OIL s PASTA s PERISHABLE GOODS s PESTICIDE s PESTICIDES s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POPULATION GROWTH s PORK s POTATO s POTATOES s PRICES s PRODUCERS s PROPERTY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PULSES s PURCHASING POWER s RESOURCES s RICE s ROOT VEGETABLES s SAFETY OF FOOD s SEAFOOD s SOYBEANS s SPICES s STAPLE FOODS s STARCH s SUGAR s SUPERMARKET s SWEET POTATOES s TOMATOES s TRADE s TUBERS s VALUES s VEGETABLE OILS s VEGETABLES s WFP s WHEAT s WHEAT FLOUR s WORLD FOOD PROGRAM s WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME s YAM s YAMS pha English en_US The report Africa Can Hel ... 40 17-11-21 00:18:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867675 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22276 Volltext, Open Access

1759723053

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723053 OCoLC 1255594516 WBOKR 22274 EBP 064568075 KEP 064568075 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22274 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Morocco -- Mind the Gap Empowering Women for a More Open, Inclusive and Prosperous Society World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Morocco s CONTRACEPTION s DISCRIMINATION s EDUCATION GAP s EMPOWERING WOMEN s GENDER s INCLUSIVE SOCIETY s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s WOMEN'S RIGHTS English en_US Morocco saw significant progress in terms economic, social and human development outcomes during the past decade. Women, as men, benefitted from such progress and increased access to services. Gender gaps in access to education narrowed significantly. The report recommends few key areas for strategic interventions. The recommendations are for the government and other development actors to focus on areas which are not only of greater potential impact but also a pre-requisite for women’s agency and empowerment. These include investment in women’s education (access and quality), the re-examination of certain discriminatory provisions in the country’s legal system (combined with an effort to strengthen implementation of the legislation and delivery of public sector services), and the promotion of cultural norms that value women as equal partners to men. The ultimate objective is to promote women’s empowerment as a means to achieve a more inclusive, open and prosperous society 40 17-11-21 00:18:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867683 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22274 Volltext, Open Access

1759723061

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723061 OCoLC 1255594452 WBOKR 22286 EBP 064568067 KEP 064568067 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22286 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Forced Displacement and Mixed Migration in the Horn of Africa UNHCR VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC and UNHCR, Geneva 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa East Africa Eritrea Somalia South Sudan Sudan s FORCED DISPLACEMENT s MIGRATION s PANDEMIC DISEASES s POVERTY s REPATRIATION s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT pha English en_US The Horn of Africa (HOA) covers Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, and Uganda. Despite its rich endowment in human, social, and natural capital, the region is plagued by a complex history of weak governance, insecurity, increasing environmental degradation, entrenched poverty, and a range of persistent development challenges. Conflict remains endemic in the region. The complex cultural, social, and political nature of these conflicts is compounded by demographic shifts due both to population growth and the movement of people, as well as imbalanced service provision, inaccessibility, the growing threat of pandemic diseases, increasing conflicts over scarce natural resources, and harsh climatic conditions including frequent droughts and floods. This study sought to analyze the forced displacement and development nexus, explore the mixed migration phenomenon, assess the impacts of refugees and migrants on hosting areas and communities, identify ongoing innovative interventions, and propose entry points and practical steps to address the development dimensions of forced displacement and mixed migration in the HOA, including regional operations, institutional reforms, and policy changes 40 17-11-21 00:18:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867691 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22286 Volltext, Open Access

175972307X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972307X OCoLC 1255594601 WBOKR 22275 EBP 064568059 KEP 064568059 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22275 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India Energy-Efficient Street Lighting--Implementation and Financing Solutions World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCIDENTS s ACTIVITIES s AIRPORTS s AMBIENT TEMPERATURE s APPLIANCE STANDARDS s APPROACH s ARTERIAL ROADS s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BUILDING MATERIALS s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSION s CARBON EMISSIONS s CARBON FINANCING s CITY STREETS s CLEAN ENERGY s CLIMATE CHANGE s COLLECTION METHODS s COLLECTION SYSTEM s COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPS s CONSUMPTION OF POWER s CONVENTIONAL LIGHTING s COSTS s DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICITY s DRIVERS s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s EFFICIENT LIGHTING s ELECTRIC BILLS s ELECTRIC UTILITY s ELECTRICAL POWER s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY TARIFF s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s EMISSION s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS s ENERGY s ENERGY AUDIT s ENERGY BILLS s ENERGY CONSERVATION s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY COST SAVINGS s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY DEVELOPMENT s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY MANAGEMENT s ENERGY POLICIES s ENERGY PRODUCTS s ENERGY REQUIREMENTS s ENERGY RESOURCES s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY SUPPLY s ENERGY SYSTEMS s ENERGY USAGE s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ESP s FACILITIES s FATALITIES s FLUORESCENT LAMPS s FUEL s FUEL COST s GAS s GAS EMISSIONS s GENERATION s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s HEAT s HEAT RESISTANT s HIGH ENERGY s INFRASTRUCTURE s INITIATIVES s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENTS s KILOWATT-HOUR s LOCAL TRAFFIC s MINOR STREETS s MODAL SHIFT s NOISE s OIL s OIL PRICES s OM s OPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGE s OPTIONS s PEAK DEMAND s PEAK HOURS s PEAK TRAFFIC s PEAK VALUE s PEDESTRIAN s PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC s PEDESTRIANS s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES s PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS s PILOT PROJECTS s POLICIES s POLLUTION s POWER s POWER CONSUMPTION s POWER SECTOR s PRICE s PRICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC UTILITIES s QUALITY ENERGY s RAILWAYS s RAW MATERIALS s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCT s RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTS s RESIDENTIAL APPLICATIONS s ROAD s ROAD TRAFFIC s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD USERS s ROADS s ROADWAY s ROUTES s SAFETY s SAFETY STANDARDS s SIGNALS s SODIUM s SOLAR LANTERNS s STREET LIGHTING s STREETLIGHTS s STREETS s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s TARIFF s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONTROL s TRAFFIC DENSITY s TRAINING s TRANSPORT s URBAN STREET s UTILITIES s UTILITY BILL s UTILITY PAYMENTS s VALUE OF ENERGY s VEHICLES s VEHICULAR TRAFFIC s VOLTAGE s WATER s WIND English en_US There has been a clear need for energy-efficient (EE) technologies that can be applicable in the municipal street lighting sector. The objective of this manual is to support the preparation and implementation of street lighting projects in India, using performance contracting and other public private partnership-based delivery approaches. This manual draws upon global best practices, including practices that have been tried and presented within India and South Asia; and draws from their failures and successes to document the major lessons learned. The manual provides a brief overall background of EE in India, the kind of barriers faced in the implementation of EE projects, and the kind of prevalent policy environment for EE in the country. The manual is divided into eight sections. Section one provides an overview of EE street lighting, its components, Indian standards for outdoor lighting, the key lamp technologies, and the potential for intelligent street lighting systems. Section two highlights the financial models for implementation of street lighting projects. Section three describes the essentials of undertaking a detailed energy audit to develop robust baselines. Section four focuses on procurement and contracting. Section five describes methodologies for developing monitoring and verification (M and V) protocols for EE Street lighting projects. Section six brings together the useful tools and matrices in implementation of street lighting projects. Section seven lists the key stakeholders involved in India in such projects and their potential role. Section eight provides details on international and Indian case studies on implementing EE in street lighting and key lessons from these case examples 40 17-11-21 00:18:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867705 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22275 Volltext, Open Access

1759723088

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723088 OCoLC 1255594649 WBOKR 22261 EBP 064568040 KEP 064568040 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22261 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Central America and the Dominican Republic Regional Assessment Status of Disaster Risk Management in the Water Supply and Sanitation Sector--Policy Framework and Practice World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Central America Dominican Republic Latin America & Caribbean s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s BASIC SANITATION s COMMUNITY WATER s CONCESSION CONTRACT s COST RECOVERY s CUBIC METER s CUBIC METERS s DISPOSAL SYSTEM s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s GLOBAL WATER PARTNERSHIP s HOUSEHOLDS s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT PROJECT s LOCAL CAPACITY s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL PARTNERS s MAINTENANCE OF WATER s METERS OF PIPES s MUNICIPAL ASSOCIATIONS s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPAL WATER COMPANY s MUNICIPALITIES s PIPELINE s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION WITHOUT ACCESS s POTABLE WATER s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY WATER s RAW WATER s REGULATORY AGENCY s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICE PROVIDERS s SANITATION SERVICES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE IMPROVEMENT s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWAGE TREATMENT s SEWERAGE NETWORK s SEWERAGE SERVICE s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SMALL TOWNS s SURFACE TEMPERATURE s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICE PROVISION s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s SYSTEMS s TARIFF SETTING s TOWNS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER UTILITIES s UTILITIES s WASTE WATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WATER s WATER AUTHORITY s WATER BOARDS s WATER COMPANY s WATER CONSERVATION s WATER COVERAGE s WATER DEMAND s WATER DEPARTMENT s WATER DEVELOPMENT s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER LAW s WATER PARTNERSHIP s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER SYSTEM s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TREATMENT PLANT s WATER USAGE s WATER USE s WATER UTILITIES s WATERSHEDS English en_US The purpose of this economic and sector work (ESW) is to support the Republic Forum for potable water and sanitation (FOCARD-APS) member countries in improving the resilience of water supply and sanitation (WSS) services. This report summarizes the findings from seven country-specific assessments carried out in 2013 and 2014 that characterize the national disaster risk management (DRM) and climate change adaptation (CCA) frameworks and efforts designed to reduce the vulnerability of WSS services to disasters and climate change. This activity also supports the World Bank strategy for enhancing DRM in Central America. This analytical effort is the result of a comprehensive participatory process that contributed to building the analytical capacities of the institutions that conform the FOCARD-APS’s regional thematic group (RTG) for DRM. It involved thorough document reviews and two rounds of country visits for data collection, as well as consultation with national and regional experts. The findings of all assessments were validated through national and regional workshops by the RTG-DRM. Regional learning exchanges and study visits were organized as part of this activity to provide policy makers with concrete examples of approaches and potential measures for addressing disaster risk challenges from a WSS service provision perspective and through a broader political and sectoral scope covering policy development, financing, capacity building, and institutional reform 40 17-11-21 00:18:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867713 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22261 Volltext, Open Access

1759723096

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723096 OCoLC 1255594531 WBOKR 22284 EBP 064568032 KEP 064568032 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22284 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Global Opportunity in Online Outsourcing Toks Fayomi VerfasserIn aut Saori Imaizumi VerfasserIn aut Panos Ipeirotis VerfasserIn aut Siou Chew Kuek VerfasserIn aut Cecilia Paradi-Guilford VerfasserIn aut Patricia Pina VerfasserIn aut Manpreet Singh VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource s ACCREDITATION s ACCREDITATION SYSTEM s ADVANCED SKILLS s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BIDDING s BUSINESS MODELS s BUSINESS MODELS s BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENT s BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENT s BUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCING s BUSINESS PROCESSES s BUSINESS SERVICES s CAREER s CAREER ADVANCEMENT s CAREER ADVANCEMENT s CAREER DEVELOPMENT s CAREER PROSPECTS s CAREERS s CIVIL SERVICE s CLIENT COUNTRIES s CLIENT COUNTRIES s COLLEGE s COLLEGE GRADUATES s COLLEGE GRADUATES s COLLEGE STUDENTS s COMMUNICATION SKILLS s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMPETITIVE FORCES s COMPUTER s COMPUTER ACCESS s COMPUTER LABS s COMPUTER LABS s COMPUTERS s CONTENT s CONTRACTORS s CULTURAL NORMS s DATA s DATA ENTRY s DATA GATHERING s DEGREES s DIASPORA s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENTRY BARRIERS s EXPERTS s E‐COMMERCE s FORECASTING s FORMAL TRAINING PROGRAMS s FORMAL TRAINING PROGRAMS s GENDER EQUITY s GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION s GLOBAL MARKET s GLOBAL MARKETS s GRADUATE s GRADUATES s GROUPS s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME GENERATION s INFORMATION s INFORMATION RETRIEVAL s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INNOVATIONS s INVESTMENT s JOB MARKET s JOB MARKET s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JOB SECURITY s KNOWLEDGE s LABOR FORCE s LAW s LEARNING s LITERACY s LITERATURE s MARKETS s MEDIA s MODELS s ON‐THE‐JOB TRAINING s OUTSOURCING s PARTICIPATION s PARTNERS s PARTNERSHIPS s PHONES s PLANNING s PLANS s POLICY s PRIVATE TRAINING s PRIVATE TRAINING INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATE TRAINING INSTITUTIONS s PROGRAMMING s PROGRAMS s PROJECTS s QUALITY ASSURANCE s RADIO s RESEARCH s SCHOOL s SCHOOLS s SCIENCE s SCIENTISTS s SERVICES s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLS s SOFTWARE s SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT s SOFTWARE INDUSTRIES s STUDENT s STUDENTS s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS s TECHNOLOGIES s TECHNOLOGY s TELECENTERS s TELECOMMUNICATION s TRAINING s TRAINING CENTERS s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING INSTITUTIONS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TUITION s TUITION FEES s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY s UNIVERSITY DEGREE s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s UNIVERSITY PROGRAMS s UNIVERSITY RESEARCH s UNIVERSITY RESEARCH s UNIVERSITY STUDENTS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WORKERS English en_US Online outsourcing (OO) has become a promising alternative to traditional employment in today’s digital era. It has transformed where, when, and how work is performed. For workers, this form of outsourcing has created new opportunities to access and compete in global job markets, from anywhere at any time, as long as they have computer and Internet access. This study focuses on OO’s potential as a new and innovative channel for socioeconomic development for developing country governments and development practitioners, particularly in terms of youth employment, services exports, and participation in the digital economy. OO firms report that the private sector is currently driving most of the demand, but public sector demand for OO is a potential source of future growth. In order to understand the opportunity for developing countries, this study estimated the current size of the market and projected its growth, and profiled OO work through a combination of desk research and structured interviews with academics, online workers, firms, and industry analysts to better understand OO’s potential impact on human capital and employment. The study also conducted focus group interviews with online workers in Kenya to gather additional insight into the socioeconomic impacts of OO, and carried out case studies in Kenya and Nigeria 40 17-11-21 00:18:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867721 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22284 Volltext, Open Access

175972310X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972310X OCoLC 1255594612 WBOKR 22285 EBP 064568024 KEP 064568024 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22285 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Strategies for Urbanization and Economic Competitiveness in Burundi World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Burundi s ACCESS ROADS s ACCESSIBILITY s AFFORDABLE HOUSING s AFFORDABLE TRANSPORTATION s AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES s AIR s AIR INFRASTRUCTURE s AIR SAFETY s AIR SERVICE s AIR TRAFFIC s AIR TRANSPORT s AIR TRAVEL s AIRPORT s AIRPORT OPERATIONS s AIRPORTS s AVIATION SECTOR s BORDER CROSSING s BORDER MANAGEMENT s BOTTLENECKS s BRIDGE s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CARRIERS s CHAUFFEUR s CITIES s CONGESTION s COSTS s CROSSING s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION s ELECTRONIC SYSTEM s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENFORCEMENT OF REGULATIONS s EXTERNALITIES s FERRIES s FINANCE INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCING OF INFRASTRUCTURE s FREIGHT s FUEL s FUEL CHARGES s GRANTS s HIGH ENERGY s HIGH TRANSPORTATION s HIGHWAYS s INCOME TAX s INDICATORS s INFRASTRUCTURE s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INFRASTRUCTURES s INITIATIVES s INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT s INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT s INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL s INVESTMENTS s LAND USE s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MOBILITY s NATIONAL PARKS s NEIGHBORHOODS s PEDESTRIAN s PEDESTRIANS s PIERS s POLICE s POLICIES s POLLUTION s POLLUTION CONTROL s POPULATION DENSITIES s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s PORT FACILITIES s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROPERTY TAXES s PUBLIC WORKS s RAIL s RAILROADS s REGIONAL TRAVELERS s ROAD s ROAD CONNECTIONS s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROADS s ROUTE s ROUTES s SAFETY s SANITATION s SIDEWALKS s SIGNAGE s SPEEDS s SPRAWL s STREET LIGHTING s STREET SPACE s STREETS s SUBSIDY s TAX s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAXES s TIME s TOURISM s TOURISM DEVELOPMENT s TOURISM PRODUCTS s TRAFFIC s TRAILS s TRAINING s TRANSIT s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT CORRIDORS s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT OPERATORS s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TRANSPORTATION SERVICES s TRANSPORTS s TRAVEL s TRAVEL FACILITATION s TRAVELERS s TREND s TRIP s TRIPS s TRUCKS s TRUE s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN PLANNERS s URBAN ROAD s URBAN ROADS s URBANISM s URBANIZATION s VEHICLE s VEHICLES English en_US This report argues that urbanization brings significant opportunities for both rural and urban areas and that Burundi needs to prioritize issues of economic growth and job creation. Based on a diagnostic evaluation of the current urbanization and spatial growth, GDP, and job potential, the report highlights the importance of prioritizing policies and investments to address deficiencies in Burundi urbanization. These remedial actions will help prepare Burundi for coming urban growth and help leverage agglomeration effects, minimize negative externalities associated with rapid urbanization, and potentially reap the demographic dividend of this transition. Getting urbanization right will need to be associated with targeted implementation strategies for growth in the agribusiness and tourism sectors. A rapid move to cities is a central element of Burundi development strategy, including an increase in the urbanization rate from 11 percent to 40 percent by 2025. Burundi vision 2025 aims to aims to promote urbanization via rural-urban migration, freeing arable land, providing nonagricultural urban employment opportunities, and in turn, reducing the risks for social conflict and economic fragility. This report shows that while the Vision 2025 target of rate 40 percent is unrealistic, Burundi urbanization rate may already be higher than expected due to limitations in the current urban classification and the agglomeration of households along major transport corridors. This uncertainty further underlines the need for government to address the key issues that will affect whether Burundi will achieve effective urbanization or not 40 17-11-21 00:18:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986773X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22285 Volltext, Open Access

1759723118

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723118 OCoLC 1255594453 WBOKR 22272 EBP 064568016 KEP 064568016 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22272 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Poverty and Shared Prosperity in Russia Deconstructing Russia’s Shared Prosperity Success -- The Role of Labor and Non-Labor Income World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Russian Federation s ASSET SALES s BANKING s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPITAL ASSETS s CAPITAL GAINS s CASH PAYMENT s CASH PAYMENTS s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICES s COMMUNICATION s COMPETITION s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER s CORPORATE TAXES s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME s DIVIDENDS s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC DOWNTURN s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INEQUALITY s ECONOMICS s EFFECTS s EMPLOYEES PENSION s EMPLOYMENT s ENFORCEMENT s EQUITY s FEMALE LABOR s FEMALE LABOR FORCE s FERTILITY RATES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISCAL POLICY s FUTURE s GLOBALIZATION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATES s HIGH WAGES s HOURLY WAGE s HOURLY WAGES s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INCOMES s INFLATION RATES s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INFORMATION s INSURANCE s INTEREST s INTEREST RATES s INTERESTS s JOB CREATION s LABOR s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS s LABOR MARKETS s LAW s LIBERALIZATION s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET PRICES s MARKET WAGES s MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES s MINIMUM WAGE s MINIMUM WAGES s MONITORING s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE CREDIT s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s OCCUPATIONS s OLDER WORKERS s OUTCOMES s OUTPUT s PENSION s PENSION CONTRIBUTIONS s PENSION FUND s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s POLICIES s POLITICAL ECONOMY s PRICE s PRICES s PRIVATE SAVINGS s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC COMPANIES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC PENSIONS s REAL ESTATE s REAL INCOME s REAL WAGES s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s RETIREMENT AGE s RIGHTS s RISK s RURAL WORKERS s SAVINGS s SECURITY s SHARE s SHAREHOLDERS s SHARES s SKILLED WORKER s SKILLED WORKERS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s STAMP DUTIES s STANDARDS s SUBSIDIES s SUBSIDY s SUPPLY s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TAX s TAX CODE s TAX LIABILITIES s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX STRUCTURE s TAX SYSTEM s TAXES s TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE s TELEPHONE SERVICES s TRAINING s TRANSFERS s TREASURY s TURNOVER s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s URBAN WORKERS s VOLATILITY s WAGE DISTRIBUTION s WAGE GROWTH s WAGE POLICIES s WAGE POLICY s WAGE STRUCTURE s WAGES s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS English en_US The Russian Federation has sustained significant growth over the past decade, accompanied by high rates of income mobility for all groups in the population. The positive outcomes in economic growth were accompanied by economic mobility for most households, reflected in substantial poverty reduction. Inclusive growth has led to a positive performance of the country in terms of shared prosperity - measured by the income and consumption growth of the bottom 40 percent of the welfare distribution. Notwithstanding the positive performance observed, the recent trends suggest sustainability concerns. Alongside the inclusive economic growth, economic mobility has improved remarkably in the country as reflected by the growth of the middle class. Upward economic mobility in Russia appears to be the result of both increases in average income levels and changes in the distribution of income. Given the positive outcomes observed, the question is, to what extent is Russia’s favorable performance in terms of shared prosperity sustainable? To this end, this note explores the main drivers behind the progress to date. The evolutions of the labor market, on one hand, and the incidence of the fiscal system, on the other, appear as the two main factors driving the observed poverty reduction, increase in the income of the bottom 40, and growth of the middle class in Russia. The note is structured as follows: section one gives introduction. Section two presents an analysis of labor income, including an overview of market dynamics and the reduction of wage inequality in the country. Section three presents a summary of the lessons derived from the analysis that can inform policy dialogue and contribute to ensuring the sustainability of the progress achieved in shared prosperity going forward 40 17-11-21 00:18:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867748 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22272 Volltext, Open Access

1759723126

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723126 OCoLC 1255594488 WBOKR 22269 EBP 064568008 KEP 064568008 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22269 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Kosovo Public Sector Revenues Tax Policies, Tax Evasion, and Tax Gaps World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kosovo s ADDED TAX s ARREARS s AUDIT s AUDITS s BORDER TAXES s COMMODITIES s COMMUNICATION s CONTRACTS s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s COSTS s DISPOSABLE INCOME s EXPORT s FINANCE s FISCAL POLICIES s FUEL s INCOME s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INTEREST s INVESTMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MARKET s MARKET ECONOMY s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME TAX s POLICIES s PRICE s PRICE CHANGES s PROPERTY s PROPERTY TAX s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC POLICY s REVENUE s REVENUES s SHARE s SIN TAXES s TAX s TAX BASE s TAX COMPLIANCE s TAX EVASION s TAX LEGISLATION s TAX POLICY s TAX RATE s TAX REGIME s TAX SYSTEM s TAXES s TAXPAYERS s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s UNDERGROUND English en_US Kosovo has a simple tax system and relatively low tax rates. A risky feature of Kosovo’s tax system is the high dependence on border taxes. In 2012, 71 percent of revenue was collected at the border in the form of trade taxes and value added tax (VAT) on imports. Shifting from border to domestic revenue collection is needed. The simple tax system can make it easier for the tax administration of Kosovo (TAK) to adjust direct taxes while encouraging labor market formality. Low domestic revenue collection suggests the presence of large tax gap - the difference between the amount the TAK should collect and the amount it actually does collect. The wider social and economic consequences of tax evasion are high. Finding ways to raise domestic revenue to compensate for the decline in border revenues is going to require actions on a number of fronts. First, strengthening the TAK’s capacity to increase compliance and reduce tax evasion, through judicial means. Second, reducing the informal economy will bring more firms and employees into tax net. Third, efforts can be made to increase revenues through existing taxes. Finally, policies that boost private sector growth, including an improved business climate, will help increase domestic production and therefore tax revenues 40 17-11-21 00:18:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867756 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22269 Volltext, Open Access

1759723134

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723134 OCoLC 1255594707 WBOKR 22262 EBP 064567990 KEP 064567990 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22262 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ghana Work Program (FY15) Poverty and Inequality Profile World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ghana s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ABSOLUTE POVERTY LINE s ACCESS TO FACILITIES s ACCESS TO IRRIGATION s ACCESS TO OPPORTUNITY s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ADEQUATE CALORIES s ADMINISTRATIVE REGIONS s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL SELF-EMPLOYMENT s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s CASH CROPS s CASH FLOW s CENTRAL REGION s CENTRAL REGIONS s CHANGES IN POVERTY s COASTAL REGIONS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION s CONSUMPTION BASKET s CONSUMPTION DATA s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CONSUMPTION MEASURE s CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA s CORRELATES OF POVERTY s CROP PRODUCTION s DECLINE IN POVERTY s DIVERSIFICATION s DRIVERS OF POVERTY REDUCTION s ECOLOGICAL ZONES s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s EQUITABLE ACCESS s EXTREME POVERTY s EXTREME POVERTY LINE s FARM SIZE s FARMERS s FOOD BASKET s FOOD CONSUMERS s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD CROPS s FOOD EXPENDITURE s FOOD NEEDS s FOOD POVERTY s FOOD POVERTY LINE s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOREST REGIONS s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPACT ON POVERTY REDUCTION s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME REDISTRIBUTION s INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT s INTENSIVE AGRICULTURE s IRRIGATION s LACK OF INFRASTRUCTURE s LIVING STANDARDS s LOW POVERTY RATES s MATERNAL MORTALITY s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY RATE s NET FOOD CONSUMERS s NUTRITION s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR PEOPLE s POOR PERSON s POORER AREAS s POORER PEOPLE s POORER REGIONS s POVERTY s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY ANALYSIS s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY DATA s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INDICATORS s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY MAP s POVERTY MAPPING s POVERTY MAPPING EXERCISE s POVERTY MAPS s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY SITUATION s PRODUCTION GROWTH s QUALITY OF LIFE s REDUCTION IN POVERTY s REGION s REGIONAL AVERAGE s REGIONAL AVERAGES s REGIONAL BREAKDOWN s REGIONAL CONVERGENCE s REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION s REGIONAL GROUP s REGIONAL LEVEL s REGIONAL LEVELS s REGIONAL PATTERN s REGIONAL PATTERNS s REGIONAL PERFORMANCE s REGIONAL POPULATION s REGIONAL POVERTY s REGIONAL PRICE s REGIONAL PRICE INDEXES s REGIONAL TRENDS s REGIONS s RURAL AREA s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL DISPARITIES s RURAL DIVIDE s RURAL FARM s RURAL GAP s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL PHENOMENON s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POPULATIONS s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY ALLEVIATION s RURAL RESIDENCE s RURAL RESIDENTS s SANITATION s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOLING s SCHOOL_ATTENDANCE s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SPATIAL ANALYSIS s SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION s SPATIAL TRENDS s STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION s URBANIZED REGION s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WAGE PREMIUM s WELFARE IMPROVEMENTS s WELFARE LEVEL s WELFARE MEASURE s WELFARE MEASURES s WELFARE MONITORING English en_US Since 1991 the national poverty rate of Ghana has more than halved. The estimated national headcount poverty ratio fell by 31.2 percentage points from 52.6 percent in 1991 to 21.41 percent in 2012. Heterogeneity of poverty outcomes is, however, high both across urban and rural areas and across regions. The robustness of these poverty trends is checked with trends of five correlates: urbanization and rural-urban migration, remittances, asset growth, labor market transformations, and agricultural productivity growth. Urbanization turns out to be highly correlated with poverty reduction. Poverty trends and asset index trends turn out to follow a similar pattern in both urban and rural areas and by regions: asset index increase where poverty decreases. In the report the authors try to understand the drivers of recent decrease in poverty in northern regions. The attention is focused on two different aspects, the agricultural productivity growth and the inflation patterns. In northern regions, there is a generalized increase in production of main food crops and an increase in productivity. To test the contribution of most of these drivers to poverty reduction, the authors estimated unconditional quintile regressions over the 20th, 40th, and 60th percentiles and decomposed the results using the Oaxaca Blinder method. To further strengthen the spatial analysis of poverty the authors constructed a new poverty map based on sixth Ghana living standard survey (GLSS 6) (conducted in 2012-13) in combination with the 2010 census, which was then compared with the 2000 map. This profile focuses on inequalities seen from three different perspectives: consumption inequality, inequalities of opportunities, and polarization 40 17-11-21 00:18:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867764 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22262 Volltext, Open Access

1759723142

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723142 OCoLC 1255594669 WBOKR 22273 EBP 064567982 KEP 064567982 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22273 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Armenia Export-led Industrial Development Strategy Implementation Review and Recommendations on New Toolset World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Armenia Europe and Central Asia s AGRICULTURE s ARABLE LAND s ASSETS s BENCHMARK s BONDS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL MARKETS s CENTRAL BANK s CERTAIN EXTENT s COAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITION s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPLIANCE COSTS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMERS s CORPORATE TAXES s COSTS s CREDIT s CRITERIA s CROWDING OUT s DEBT s DEMAND s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT s DEVELOPMENT AGENCY s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DISEQUILIBRIUM s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS s ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC EXPANSION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIC INITIATIVES s ECONOMIC MECHANISMS s ECONOMIC RESOURCES s ECONOMIC STRUCTURE s ECONOMIC VALUE s ECONOMICS s ECONOMIES s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ECONOMIES OF SCOPE s ECONOMY s EFFICIENCY s ENVIRONMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL s EQUILIBRIUM s EQUITY s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTS s EXTERNALITIES s FAILURES s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FISH s FIXED COSTS s FOOD PRODUCTION s FORESTRY s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GOODS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH POLICIES s GROWTH POLICY s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCENTIVES s INCOME s INCOME LEVELS s INPUTS s INTEREST s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INVESTMENT s LABOR FORCE s LAND s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MARKET COMPETITION s MARKET DISTORTIONS s MARKET INSTRUMENTS s MARKET POWER s MARKET PRICES s MARKETS s MERGERS s METALS s MINES s MODELS s NATURAL CAPITAL s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES s OIL s OLIGOPOLY s OPTION VALUE s OPTIONS s OUTCOMES s OVERHEAD COSTS s PATENTS s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POLICY INSTRUMENTS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s PORTFOLIO s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s PRICES s PRIVATE PROPERTY s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION s PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROFITS s PROPERTY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC GOVERNANCE s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s QUALITY STANDARDS s REAL INTEREST RATE s RECYCLING s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCES s REVENUE s REVENUES s RISKS s SAVINGS s SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH s SUBSIDIES s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s T-BILLS s TARIFFS s TAX RATES s TAX REVENUE s TAXES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRADE s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY BILLS s UNEMPLOYMENT s VALUE s VALUE ADDED s VALUES s WAGES s WEALTH English en_US The lessons learned from the implications of the global crisis for the Armenian economy led the Government of Armenia to refine its approach to economic development policy. The business environment, the market structure, and the incentive pattern had not fostered reallocation of resources into more productive areas or the emergence of internationally competitive products and services. Despite numerous initiatives and multiple efforts, there was no holistic approach or actionable roadmap for supporting private sector development. The pressing need to restore economic growth despite a small domestic market led the Armenian government to search for new sources of growth in export-oriented industries. At the end of 2011, the Government of Armenia adopted its export-led industrial development strategy. The strategy set as targets improving the general business environment and sector-specific initiatives to address market failures and expand exports. The strategy builds on both a general (crosscutting) and an industry-customized toolset 40 17-11-21 00:18:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867772 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22273 Volltext, Open Access

1759723150

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723150 OCoLC 1255594714 WBOKR 22270 EBP 064567974 KEP 064567974 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22270 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Sierra Leone Basic Agricultural Public Expenditure Diagnostic Review, 2003-2012 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Sierra Leone s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING SYSTEM s ADMINISTRATION COSTS s ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS s AGGREGATE EXPENDITURE s AGGREGATE EXPENDITURES s ALLOCATION s ALLOCATION OF EXPENDITURE s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s ANALYSIS OF EFFECTIVENESS s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL BUDGETS s ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s ANNUAL REPORT s ANNUAL REPORTS s BASELINE DATA s BENEFICIARIES s BREAKDOWN OF EXPENDITURES s BUDGET s BUDGET CIRCULAR s BUDGET CREDIBILITY s BUDGET DATA s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET EXPENDITURE s BUDGET FORMULATION s BUDGET FORMULATION PROCESS s BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET PROPOSALS s BUDGET SYSTEM s BUDGET TRANSFERS s BUDGET YEAR s BUDGETS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CIVIL SERVICE s COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM s COST ACCOUNTING s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s COST-RECOVERY s COUNTERPART FUNDS s DATA ANALYSIS s DATA COLLECTION s DATA COLLECTION PROCESS s DATA COLLECTION STRATEGY s DEBT s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS s DEFICIT s DELIVERY OF SERVICES s DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENDITURE s DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENDITURES s DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC DEBT s DONOR AGENCIES s DONOR COORDINATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE CONTROL s EXPENDITURE DATA s EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s EXPENDITURE IMPLICATIONS s EXPENDITURE LEVEL s EXPENDITURE LEVELS s EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s EXPENDITURE PLANS s EXPENDITURE PROGRAMS s EXPENDITURE TARGET s EXPENDITURE TRACKING s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL AUDIT s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL CAPACITY s FINANCIAL CONTROL s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FIRE PROTECTION s FISCAL ARRANGEMENTS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL STRATEGY s FISCAL TRANSFERS s FISCAL YEAR s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH WORKERS s INCENTIVES s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s LOCAL PUBLIC SERVICES s MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK s MID-TERM REVIEW s MINISTRY BUDGETS s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY POLICY s MULTILATERAL AGENCIES s MULTILATERAL DONORS s NATIONAL BUDGETS s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATURAL RESOURCES s OPERATING EXPENDITURES s OPERATING EXPENSES s OUTCOMES s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCE REPORTS s PERSONNEL EXPENDITURE s PERSONNEL EXPENDITURES s POLICY FORMULATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s PRIVATE GOODS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PROGRAM BUDGETS s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC ACCOUNTS s PUBLIC AUTHORITIES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE DIAGNOSTIC s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE TRACKING s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT PROGRAM s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REFORM PROJECT s REFORM STRATEGY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESOURCE FLOWS s REVENUES s ROAD NETWORK s SECTOR BUDGET s SECTOR EXPENDITURE s SECTOR MINISTRIES s SECTORAL GOALS s SECTORAL OBJECTIVES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE DELIVERY FUNCTIONS s SERVICES s SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SOCIAL SECURITY s SPECIAL ACCOUNT s STATE BUDGET s STATED OBJECTIVE s TAX BASE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX EVASION s TAXES s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL SPENDING s TRANSPARENCY s TYPES OF EXPENDITURES s VOLUME OF EXPENDITURE s WAGE EXPENDITURE s WAGE EXPENDITURES English en_US This agriculture public expenditure review (AgPER) provides key background information and guidance in this endeavor by presenting and analyzing historic data on public spending on agriculture, examining the efficiency of spending, and identifying areas where additional funds can be applied effectively to achieve national agricultural policy and comprehensive Africa agriculture development program (CAADP) objectives. The goals of the AgPER in Sierra Leone are as follows: gain a better understanding of the countrys performance in the context of the 2003 Maputo declaration; draw lessons from the past in terms of budget execution in the agricultural sector and identify bottlenecks, inefficiencies, and deviations from goals; seek and recommend corrective actions for existing and future programs with a view to improving their impact and making them more efficient and equitable; initiate the implementation of the databases and methodology required for conducting similar reviews regularly and thus contribute to the institutionalization of the process; help the government establish an environment and capabilities for results-based management, with particular emphasis on improving planning, execution, and monitoring and evaluation; and increase visibility for the government and the financial and technical partners over the sectors absorptive capacity so that the decision may be made to allocate more resources to agricultural development. This report consists of five chapters: first chapter introduces the strategic and institutional context; second chapter studies the level of public agricultural expenditure in Sierra Leone; third chapter analyzes the economic and functional composition of public agricultural expenditure (allocative efficiency); fourth chapter assesses the technical efficiency of the processes of preparation, execution, and monitoring and evaluation of agricultural budgets; and fifth chapter contains our findings and recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:18:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867780 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22270 Volltext, Open Access

1759723169

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723169 OCoLC 1255594321 WBOKR 22271 EBP 064567966 KEP 064567966 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22271 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO TRACE Model in Pilot Cities in Latin America World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource s ACCIDENT RATES s ACCIDENTS s AIR s AIR CONDITIONING s AIR EMISSION s AIR EMISSIONS s AIR POLLUTION s AIRPORT s ALTERNATIVE FUELS s ARTERIES s AUTOMOBILE s AUTOMOBILE USE s BICYCLES s BIKE LANES s BIKE PATH s BIKE ROUTES s BIKE SHARE s BIKES s BOTTLENECKS s BUS s BUS DRIVERS s BUS FLEET s BUS LANES s BUS OPERATORS s BUS ROUTES s BUS SERVICE s BUS STOP s BUSES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAR s CAR OWNERS s CARBON CREDITS s CARBON ECONOMY s CARBON EMISSIONS s CARBON SAVINGS s CARS s CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT s CITY BUS s CITY STREETS s CITY TRANSPORTATION s CITY TRANSPORTATION DEPARTMENTS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMUTERS s CONGESTION s COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS s COSTS s CYCLISTS s DAILY TRIPS s DIESEL s DIESEL BUSES s DRAINAGE s DRIVER TRAINING s DRIVERS s DRIVING s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EFFICIENT TRANSPORT s EFFICIENT VEHICLE s ELECTRIC VEHICLES s EMISSION s EMISSION STANDARDS s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS STANDARDS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY EFFICIENT TRANSPORT s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY s FARE COLLECTION s FARES s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL SAVINGS s FLEET EFFICIENCY s FLEET MANAGEMENT s FLEET OPERATIONS s FLEET OPERATORS s FLEETS s FLOOR AREA s FLOOR SPACE s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUELS s FOSSIL SOURCES s FREE TRANSFER s FREIGHT s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s FUEL s FUEL CONSUMPTION s FUEL COST s FUEL COST SAVINGS s FUEL COSTS s FUEL EFFICIENCY s FUEL EFFICIENCY STANDARDS s FUEL PRICES s FUEL SAVINGS s FUEL USE s FUELS s GAS EMISSIONS s GASOLINE s GRANTS s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s HEAVY TRAFFIC s HEAVY TRUCKS s HEAVY VEHICLE s HEAVY VEHICLES s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY MAINTENANCE s HIGHWAYS s HISTORIC BUILDINGS s HISTORIC CENTRE s HISTORIC DISTRICT s INFRASTRUCTURE s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INITIATIVES s INSPECTION s INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT s INTERSECTIONS s INVESTMENTS s LANES s LESS FUEL CONSUMPTION s LOCAL PUBLIC TRANSPORT s LONG-DISTANCE s LOW CARBON ECONOMY s MATCHING FUNDS s MILEAGE s MIXED USE s MOBILITY s MODE SPLIT s MUNICIPAL VEHICLES s NATIONAL HIGHWAYS s NEIGHBORHOODS s NOISE s NOISE POLLUTION s OM s PASSENGERS s PEAK HOURS s PEDESTRIAN s PEDESTRIAN AREAS s PEDESTRIAN NETWORK s PEDESTRIAN PATHS s PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC s PEDESTRIAN WALKWAYS s PEDESTRIANS s PETROLEUM GAS s PICKUP TRUCKS s POLICE s POLICIES s POLLUTION s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE TRANSPORT s PRIVATE VEHICLES s PUBLIC SAFETY s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT DEMAND s PUBLIC TRANSPORT MODE s PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORK s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT USE s PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC VEHICLES s PUBLIC WORKS s RAIL s RAPID TRANSIT s RAPID TRANSPORT s RED LIGHTS s RIDERS s RIGHT TURNS s ROAD s ROAD CONDITIONS s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SAFETY s ROAD TRAFFIC s ROADS s ROLLING STOCK s ROUTE s ROUTES s SAFETY s SANITATION s SIDEWALKS s SIGNALS s SODIUM s SPEED LIMIT s STREET LIGHTING s STREET LIGHTS s STREETLIGHTS s STREETS s SUBSIDIES s SUBURBS s SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT s TAX s TAXES s TAXIS s TIRES s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAFFIC LIGHTS s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRAFFIC SIGNALS s TRAINING s TRAINS s TRANSFER FACILITIES s TRANSIT s TRANSIT CAPACITY s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT DEMAND s TRANSPORT ENERGY CONSUMPTION s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT MODE s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT NETWORK s TRANSPORT OPERATORS s TRANSPORT POLICIES s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION DEPARTMENTS s TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM s TRAVEL s TRAVEL DEMAND s TRAVEL SPEED s TRAVEL TIME s TREND s TRIP s TRIPS s TRUCK TRAFFIC s TRUCKS s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBAN TRANSPORT POLICIES s VEHICLE s VEHICLE DRIVERS s VEHICLE EFFICIENCY s VEHICLE EMISSION s VEHICLE FLEET s VEHICLE FLEETS s VEHICLE MANUFACTURERS s VEHICLE SPEED s VEHICLE TRAFFIC s VEHICLE TRIPS s VEHICLE-MILE s VEHICLES s WALKING s WATER POLLUTION English en_US This report, supported by the energy sector management assistance program (ESMAP), applies the tool for the rapid assessment of city energy (TRACE) to examine energy use in León, México. This study is one of three requested and conducted in 2013 by the World Bank Latin America and the Caribbean energy unit to begin a dialogue on energy efficiency (EE) potential in Latin America and Caribbean cities. In Puebla and León, TRACE helped the Mexican Secretary of Energy (SENER) develop an urban EE strategy. TRACE is a simple, practical tool for making rapid assessments of municipal energy use. It helps prioritize sectors that have the potential to save significant amounts of energy and identifies appropriate EE measures in six sectors - transport, municipal buildings, wastewater, streetlights, solid waste, and power and heat. Globally, the six are often managed by the cities which have substantial influence over public utility services. The study looked at six areas to determine the three that have the greatest savings potential and where the city has a significant degree of control: streetlights, solid waste, and municipal buildings 40 17-11-21 00:18:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867799 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22271 Volltext, Open Access

1759723177

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723177 OCoLC 1255594715 WBOKR 22122 EBP 064567958 KEP 064567958 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22122 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO China Economic Update, June 2015 Samuel Freije-Rodriguez VerfasserIn aut Chorching Goh VerfasserIn aut Justin Hill VerfasserIn aut Smita Kuriakose VerfasserIn aut Karlis Smits VerfasserIn aut Ekaterine Vashakmadze VerfasserIn aut Luan Zhao VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ALLOCATION OF CAPITAL s ALLOCATION OF CREDIT s ASSET PRICES s AUCTIONS s BAILOUT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK LOANS s BANKING LAW s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIS POINTS s BOND s BOND AUCTIONS s BOND ISSUANCE s BOND MARKET s BOND SWAP s BOND YIELDS s BONDS s BORROWERS s BROAD MONEY s BUDGET s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s BUDGET DEFICIT s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL BASES s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL OUTFLOW s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s CDS s CENTRAL BANK s CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSITS s CHECK s CHECKS s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTRACT s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE DEBT s COUPON s COUPON RATES s CREDIT EXPANSION s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDITORS s CROSS-BORDER FLOWS s CURRENCIES s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s DEBT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES s DEBT SWAP s DEBT-SERVICE s DEBTORS s DEBTS s DEED s DEFICIT s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEMAND-SIDE FACTORS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DOMESTIC BOND s DOMESTIC BOND MARKET s DOMESTIC LIQUIDITY s DOMESTIC MARKET s DURABLE s DURABLE GOODS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY s EXCESS SUPPLY s EXCHANGE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXTERNAL DEBT s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DISTRESS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED ASSET s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY EXPOSURE s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FORMAL LOANS s FUTURE s GENERAL OBLIGATION BONDS s GOODS s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s GRACE PERIOD s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GUARANTEES s HOLDING s HOME FINANCING s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME TAX s INDEBTED HOUSEHOLDS s INFLATION s INFORMAL LENDERS s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INITIAL DEBT s INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTEREST s INTEREST COSTS s INTEREST EXPENDITURES s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE DIFFERENTIAL s INTEREST RATE SPREAD s INTEREST RATES s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s INVESTING s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENT ACTIVITY s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENTS s INVESTORS s IPO s ISSUANCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LENDERS s LENDING s LIABILITIES s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT s LOAN s LOAN RATE s LOAN RATES s LOANS s LOCAL DEBT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MARKET s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET MECHANISMS s MARKET REFORMS s MARKETS s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MONETARY POLICY s MORTGAGE s MUNICIPAL INVESTMENTS s NET DEBT s NONPERFORMING LOANS s OIL PRICES s OPTION s OUTSTANDING CREDIT s OUTSTANDING DEBT s PENSION s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SYSTEMS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS s POVERTY s PRICE CHANGES s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PROFIT s PROPERTIES s PROPERTY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATES s REGISTRATION SYSTEM s REPAYMENT s REPO s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s REVENUE s REVENUES s RULE OF LAW s RURAL BANKS s SAVINGS RATES s SECURITIES s SECURITIES LAW s SECURITY s SHARE s SHARES s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL BUSINESSES s STOCK s STOCK MARKET s STOCKS s SWAP s TAX s TAX RATES s TAXES s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL DEBT s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRANSACTIONS s TREASURY s TREASURY BONDS s TREASURY YIELDS s VALUATION English en_US Chinas economic growth continues to moderate, in 2014 gross domestic product (GDP) expanded by 7.4 percent, within the governments indicative growth target of about 7.5 percent for the year, but sharply slower than the 10 percent annual growth rate china averaged for three consecutive decades. An orderly correction in real estate - reflecting policy efforts to reduce supply mismatches and tighten nonbank credit - continues to weigh on economic activity. Ongoing adjustments in real estate, a buildup of excess capacity, and decelerating export growth are affecting industrial activity. In contrast growth in services remained robust as composition of growth continues to improve 40 17-11-21 00:18:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867802 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22122 Volltext, Open Access

1759723185

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723185 OCoLC 1255594687 WBOKR 22126 EBP 06456794X KEP 06456794X 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22126 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kazakhstan - On the Crest of the Oil Wave Kazakhstan Economic Update, Spring 2013 Dorsati Madani VerfasserIn aut Ilyas Sarsenov VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Kazakhstan economic update Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s ACCESS TO FINANCING s AGRICULTURE s ASSET MANAGEMENT s BALANCE DUE s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK LENDING s BANK LIQUIDITY s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIS POINTS s BUDGET s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUDGET SURPLUSES s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITALIZATION s CENTRAL BANK s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONSUMER CHOICE s CONSUMPTION s CONTRACTS s CREDIT RATING s CREDITOR s CURRENCY s CURRENCY REGULATIONS s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUSES s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DECENTRALIZATION s DEMAND s DEMAND DEPOSITS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DIRECT INVESTMENTS s DISCOUNT s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC SECURITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC EXPANSION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC RESEARCH s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENTERPRISES s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY s EXCESS SUPPLY s EXCHANGE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTER s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCE s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL YEAR s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED INVESTMENT s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN INVESTOR s FREE TRADE s FUTURE s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GINI COEFFICIENT s GOOD s GOODS s GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENTS s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH PROJECTIONS s GUARANTEE s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCENTIVES s INCOME TAX s INDEBTEDNESS s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INDUSTRY s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLUENCE s INFRASTRUCTURE s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS s INPUTS s INSOLVENCY REGIME s INSTRUMENT s INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE CORPORATION s INTEREST s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTERESTS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTORS s IPO s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LABOR s LABOR MARKET s LEGISLATION s LENDING s LIABILITIES s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOCAL BANKS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMICS s MARKET s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET INDEX s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET SIZE s MARKETS s MATURITY s MEASUREMENT s MERITOCRACY s MICROFINANCE s MIGRATION s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY s MONEY SUPPLY s NATIONAL BANK s NATURAL MONOPOLIES s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET EXPORTS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OIL RESERVES s OPTIONS s OUTCOMES s OUTSTANDING CREDIT s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION RIGHT s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEM REFORM s PENSIONS s POOR ASSET QUALITY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS s POVERTY s PRICE INCREASES s PRIVATE BANK s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PROBLEM LOANS s PRODUCTION s PROPERTY s PUBLIC ASSETS s PUBLIC DEBT s PURCHASING POWER s RATE OF RETURNS s RATES OF RETURN s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL GDP s REAL INCOME s RELIGIOUS SOCIETY s REMITTANCES s RESERVE s RESERVE FUND s RESERVES s REVENUE s REVENUES s RISK AVERSION s RULE OF LAW s SAVINGS s SECURITY s SERVICES s SHARE s SHARES s STOCK s SWAP s TARIFF s TARIFF BARRIERS s TARIFFS s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX RATES s TAXES s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE BARRIERS s TRADE DIVERSION s TRADE POLICY s TRADING s TRUSTS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UTILITY s WAGES s WEALTH s WITHDRAWALS s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US Economic growth slowed in 2012 due to capacity constraints in the oil sector, weaker global demand for metals, and unfavorable weather conditions affecting crop production. Overall, industrial output expanded by 0.5 percent in 2012, with negligible contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth for the year. Against the decline of agriculture, and little change in industry overall, real GDP growth was supported by a 10 percent year/year growth of the services sector in 2012. Higher export revenues supported strong domestic demand for trade and transportation, as well as for other non-tradable services. High oil prices continued spurring domestic consumption while fixed capital investments remained depressed. Private consumption remains the main contributor to GDP growth as it has been growing by 9-10 percent a year since 2010, supported by favorable commodity prices and high oil export revenue. Exports of oil largely influence the composition of Kazakhstans trading partners, while membership in the customs union appears to be affecting composition of imports. The European Union (EU) maintains the first place among trading partners of Kazakhstan, mainly due to large imports of oil and other mineral resources from Kazakhstan. Overall, employment creation continues to be driven by the services sector. Kazakhstan growth has been pro-poor, driven by job creation and real income gains. However, income disparity, which had improved up to 2009, has worsened slightly due to the crisis 40 17-11-21 00:18:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867810 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22126 Volltext, Open Access

1759723193

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723193 OCoLC 1255594676 WBOKR 22129 EBP 064567842 KEP 064567842 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22129 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region Bosnia and Herzegovina Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO SERVICES s CHEMICAL s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONSTRUCTION s COST RECOVERY s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s DRINKING WATER s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s FLUSH TOILET s GAS s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER SOURCES s HEAVY METALS s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLDS s INDUSTRIAL SECTOR s INDUSTRY s INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT s IRON s LARGE CITIES s LOCAL BUDGETS s LOCAL PUBLIC SERVICES s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s LOCAL WATER s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANGANESE s MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES s MUNICIPAL COMPANIES s MUNICIPAL REPRESENTATIVES s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL UTILITY s NATURAL RESOURCES s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY s OZONE s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s POLLUTION s POPULATION GROWTH s POTABLE WATER s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUBLIC WATER s QUALITY OF SERVICE s RAW WATER s REGULATORY AGENCY s RESEARCH s RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER s RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICE PROVIDERS s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION UTILITIES s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWAGE COLLECTION s SEWERAGE NETWORK s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s STORM WATER s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATER QUALITY s SUSTAINABLE USE s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TARIFF SETTING s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s UTILITIES s UTILITY SERVICES s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WATER s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DEMAND s WATER METER s WATER METERS s WATER POLICY s WATER PROTECTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY MONITORING s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SANITATION s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TARIFFS s WATER TREATMENT s WATER USE s WATER UTILITIES pha English en_US In order to evaluate the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector maturity assessment was done taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region, and countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess sector maturity is included in the annex of the state of the sector Regional Report from the Danube Water Program. The outcomes of this assessment for the Bosnia and Herzegovina water sector are displayed in Figure 10, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. The BiH sector maturity score is 57, which is close to the Danube average maturity of 64. The assessment shows that, on average, the country performs well in terms of access to piped water and flush toilets, and customer satisfaction. With regard to the BiH water sector, the main deficiencies identified through the sector maturity assessment are level of investment, staffing level, and wastewater treatment coverage 40 17-11-21 00:18:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867829 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22129 Volltext, Open Access

1759723207

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723207 OCoLC 1255594628 WBOKR 22134 EBP 064567761 KEP 064567761 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22134 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region Bulgaria Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Bulgaria Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESS TO WATER s ASSET OWNERSHIP s BASINS s CATCHMENTS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONSUMER COMPLAINTS s CORROSION s COST RECOVERY s DAMS s DOMESTIC WATER s DOMESTIC WATER CONSUMPTION s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s FLOW s FLUSH TOILET s FLUSH TOILETS s FORESTRY s FRESHWATER s GROUNDWATER s HOUSEHOLDS s INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER s INDUSTRY s IRRIGATION s LAKES s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s METERING s MUNICIPAL COMPANIES s MUNICIPAL COMPANY s MUNICIPAL COUNCILS s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL UTILITIES s NATIONAL UTILITY s NONREVENUE WATER s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OPERATORS s OWNERSHIP OF WATER s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s POLLUTION s POPULATION GROWTH s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUANTITY OF WATER s RAINFALL s RAW WATER s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s REGULATORY AGENCY s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s RIVER BASINS s RIVERS s RUNOFF s SANITATION s SANITATION COMPANIES s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION STRATEGY s SANITATION UTILITIES s SEA s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s STATISTICS s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TARIFFS s TOILETS s TRANSFER OF ASSET OWNERSHIP s TREATMENT PLANTS s URBAN AREAS s UTILITIES s UTILITY STAFF s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WATER s WATER ASSOCIATION s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER COLLECTION s WATER COMPANIES s WATER COMPANY s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DEMAND s WATER DEVELOPMENT s WATER LOSSES s WATER MARKET s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER STATISTICS s WATER STORAGE s WATER STRATEGY s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER TARIFFS s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY s WATERS English en_US To evaluate and reflect the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector sustainability assessment was done taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region, and countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess the sector sustainability is included in the Annex of the State of the Sector Regional Report from the Danube Water Program. The outcomes of this assessment for Bulgaria’s water sector are presented, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. The Bulgarian sector sustainability score is 66, which is just above Danube average sustainability of 64. The assessment shows that, on average, the country performs well in terms of access to piped water, staffing level, and nonrevenue water. The main deficiencies of Bulgaria’s water sector identified through the sector sustainability assessment are operating cost coverage, investment level, and customer satisfaction level 40 17-11-21 00:18:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867837 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22134 Volltext, Open Access

1759723215

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723215 OCoLC 1257181253 WBOKR 22133 EBP 064567753 KEP 064567753 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22133 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region Moldova Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Moldova s ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s ADEQUATE SANITATION s CHEMICAL s CLIMATE CHANGE s COLLECTION SYSTEM s CONSTRUCTION s CONTINUITY OF SERVICE s COST RECOVERY s DISSOLVED SOLIDS s DOMESTIC WATER s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s EFFLUENT QUALITY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s FLUSH TOILET s HOUSEHOLDS s HYDROPOWER PRODUCTION s LOCAL BUDGETS s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MUNICIPAL COMPANIES s MUNICIPAL REPRESENTATIVES s MUNICIPAL UTILITIES s MUNICIPAL WASTE s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL UTILITIES s NATIONAL UTILITY s NATURAL RESOURCES s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s POLLUTION s POLLUTION CONTROL s POPULATION GROWTH s POTABLE WATER s POTABLE WATER SUPPLY s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC WATER s PUMPING s PUMPING STATIONS s QUALITY OF SERVICE s RAW WATER s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s REGULATORY AGENCY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RIVER BASIN s RIVERS s RURAL VILLAGES s RURAL WATER s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SAFER DRINKING WATER s SANITATION COMPANIES s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION SOLUTIONS s SANITATION STRATEGY s SANITATION UTILITIES s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWER NETWORKS s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATERS s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TARIFF SETTING s TOILETS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN UTILITIES s UTILITIES s UTILITY GOVERNANCE s UTILITY MANAGEMENT s UTILITY REVENUES s UTILITY STAFF s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SECTOR s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WATER s WATER ABSTRACTION s WATER ASSOCIATION s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER METERS s WATER OPERATORS s WATER POLLUTION s WATER PRODUCTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES PRESERVATION s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICE PROVISION s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER STRATEGY s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TARIFF s WATER TARIFFS s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY s WATER UTILITY MANAGEMENT s WATER QUALITY s WELLS pha English en_US To evaluate and reflect the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector sustainability assessment was done, taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region, and countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess the sector sustainability is included in the Annex of the State of the Sector Regional Report from the Danube Water Program. The outcomes of this assessment for the Moldova water sector are presented, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. The Moldova sector sustainability score is 50, which is below the Danube average of 64, and is among the lowest scores in the region. The assessment shows that, on average, the country performs well in terms of collection ratio, nonrevenue water, and continuity of service. The main deficiencies of the Moldova water sector identified through the sector sustainability assessment are access to piped water and flush toilets, affordability, and investment level 40 17-11-21 00:18:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867845 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22133 Volltext, Open Access

1759723223

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723223 OCoLC 1255594716 WBOKR 22131 EBP 064567745 KEP 064567745 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22131 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region Montenegro Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Montenegro s ACCESS TO SERVICES s BASINS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CHEMICAL s CLIMATE CHANGE s COASTAL AREAS s CONSTRUCTION s CONTINUITY OF SERVICE s COST RECOVERY s DISTRIBUTION OF WATER s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s EFFLUENT TREATMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s FLUSH TOILET s GROUNDWATER s HOUSEHOLDS s IMPORTS s INDUSTRIAL PLANTS s INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT s INDUSTRIAL WATER s INVESTMENT COSTS s LOCAL BUDGETS s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s LOCAL WATER s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MUNICIPAL REPRESENTATIVES s MUNICIPAL UTILITIES s MUNICIPAL UTILITY s MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL UTILITIES s NATIONAL UTILITY s NATURAL RESOURCES s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OPERATIONAL EXPENDITURE s OPERATIONAL EXPENSES s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s POLLUTION s POPULATION GROWTH s PRICE OF WATER s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUALITY STANDARDS s RAINFALL s RAW WATER s REGULATORY AGENCY s SALINE WATER s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SMALL MUNICIPALITIES s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE USE s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TOILETS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN WASTE WATER s UTILITIES s UTILITY MANAGEMENT s UTILITY MANAGERS s UTILITY SERVICES s WASTE WATER s WASTE WATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SECTOR s WASTEWATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT CAPACITY s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WATER s WATER ASSOCIATION s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER COMPANY s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DIRECTORATE s WATER INFLOWS s WATER LEVELS s WATER POLICY s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY CONTROL s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER TARIFF s WATER TARIFFS s WATER TREATMENT s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY s WATERCOURSES s WATERS pha English en_US In order to evaluate and reflect the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector sustainability assessment has been established taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region, and countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess the sector sustainability is included in the Annex of the State of the Sector Regional Report from the Danube Water Program. The outcomes of this assessment for the Montenegro water sector are displayed, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. As a result, the Montenegro sector sustainability score is 59, which is below the Danube average sustainability of 64, and is among the lower scores in the region. The assessment shows that, on average, the country performs well in terms of access to piped water and flush toilet, continuity of service and affordability. The main deficiencies of Montenegro’s water sector identified through the sector sustainability assessment are the operating cost ratio, staffing level, and wastewater treatment coverage 40 17-11-21 00:18:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867853 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22131 Volltext, Open Access

1759723231

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723231 OCoLC 1255594677 WBOKR 22132 EBP 064567737 KEP 064567737 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22132 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region Slovakia Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Slovak Republic s ACCESS TO SERVICES s AFFORDABILITY OF WATER s BASIN MANAGEMENT s BASINS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CLIMATE CHANGE s COLLECTION OF SEWAGE s COLLECTION SYSTEMS s CONSTRUCTION s CONTINUITY OF SERVICE s COST RECOVERY s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s DEPRECIATION COSTS s DISCHARGE s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s DRINKING WATER SOURCE s DROUGHT s EFFLUENT s FLOOD PROTECTION s FLUSH TOILET s GAS s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER SOURCES s HOUSEHOLDS s LOCAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MUNICIPAL COMPANIES s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPAL WATER COMPANIES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL UTILITY s NETWORK s OPERATIONAL EXPENDITURE s OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s PIPELINES s POPULATION GROWTH s PROGRAMS s PROVISION OF WATER s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUALITY OF WATER s QUALITY STANDARDS s RAINFALL s REGULATORY AGENCY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE WATER RESOURCES s RIVER BASIN s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT s SANITATION s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION UTILITIES s SEA s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWAGE DISPOSAL s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s SMALL MUNICIPALITIES s STATISTICS s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TARIFF INCREASE s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TOILET s TOILETS s URBAN WASTE WATER s UTILITIES s UTILITY s UTILITY MANAGERS s WASTE WATER s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WATER s WATER AUTHORITIES s WATER AUTHORITY s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER COMPANIES s WATER COMPANY s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER EXTRACTION s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER MANAGEMENT POLICY s WATER PRESSURE s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY CONTROL s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TARIFF s WATER TARIFFS s WATER TREATMENT s WATER UTILITY s WATERS s WELLS English en_US In order to evaluate and reflect the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector sustainability assessment was done, taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region, and countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess sector sustainability is included in the Annex of the State of the Sector Regional Report from the Danube Water Program. The outcomes of this assessment for the Slovak Republic water sector are displayed, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. The country sector sustainability score is 82, which is far above the Danube average sustainability score of 64, and among the best practices in the region. The assessment shows that, on average, the country performs well in terms of continuity of service, access to piped water and flush toilets, wastewater compliance, staffing level, nonrevenue water, and collection ratio. The main deficiencies of the Slovak water sector identified through the sector sustainability assessment are the level of investment, the operating cost ratio and the wastewater treatment coverage 40 17-11-21 00:18:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867861 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22132 Volltext, Open Access

175972324X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972324X OCoLC 1257181254 WBOKR 22142 EBP 064567699 KEP 064567699 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22142 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region Croatia Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Croatia Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO SERVICES s AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME s BASIN MANAGEMENT s CAPACITY BUILDING s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONSTRUCTION s CONTINUITY OF SERVICE s COST RECOVERY s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s DISCHARGE s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s DRINKING WATER SOURCE s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s EFFLUENT s EFFLUENT TREATMENT s FERTILIZERS s FLOOD PROTECTION s FLUSH TOILET s FLUSH TOILETS s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s HIGH LEVELS s HOUSEHOLDS s INDUSTRY s INLAND WATERS s INVESTMENT COSTS s LARGE UTILITIES s LEAKAGE RATE s LOCAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s LOCAL WATER s MUNICIPAL PROVIDERS s MUNICIPAL REPRESENTATIVES s MUNICIPAL UTILITY s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL UTILITY s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER COUNCIL s OPERATIONAL COSTS s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PESTICIDES s PIPED WATER s POLLUTION s POLLUTION CONTROL s POPULATION GROWTH s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER s QUALITY OF SERVICE s RAINFALL s REGIONAL UTILITIES s REGULATORY AGENCY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RIVER BASIN s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLAN s RIVERS s SANITATION s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICE PROVIDERS s SANITATION SERVICES s SEA s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE SERVICES s STATISTICS s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATER QUALITY s SURFACE WATER SOURCES s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TARIFF REVISION s TERTIARY TREATMENT s TOILET s TOILETS s TOWNS s TREATMENT PLANT s UTILITIES s UTILITY s WASTE WATER s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER ASSOCIATION s WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WATER s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DEMAND s WATER EXTRACTION s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER POLICIES s WATER PROTECTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER USE s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY s WATERCOURSES s WATERS s WATER QUALITY English en_US To evaluate and reflect the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector sustainability assessment was done taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region, and the countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess sector sustainability is included in the annex of the state of the sector regional report from the Danube Water Program. The outcomes of this assessment for the Croatia water sector are displayed in Figure 9, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. The Croatian sector sustainability score is 72, which is above the Danube average sustainability of 64. The assessment shows that on average, the country performs well in terms of access to piped water and flush toilets, continuity of service, nonrevenue water and customer satisfaction. The main deficiencies of the Croatia water sector identified through the sector sustainability assessment are the wastewater treatment coverage and the operating cost ratio. The main challenges are: financing compliance with the European environmental acquis; ensuring affordability of future tariffs; implementing successfully the aggregation reform; and strengthening regulation in the water sector 40 17-11-21 00:18:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986787X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22142 Volltext, Open Access

1759723258

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723258 OCoLC 1255594735 WBOKR 22144 EBP 064567680 KEP 064567680 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22144 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region Kosovo Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kosovo s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ASSET MANAGEMENT s BACTERIOLOGICAL WATER QUALITY s BASIN MANAGEMENT s BASINS s BOARD MEMBERS s BULK WATER s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CHEMICAL s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE VARIABILITY s COLLECTION EFFICIENCY s CONTINUITY OF SERVICE s COST RECOVERY s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s EFFICIENCY OF SERVICE s FLOOD PROTECTION s FLUSH TOILET s FRESHWATER RESOURCES s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER RESERVES s HOUSEHOLDS s INDUSTRY s INVESTMENT PLANNING s LARGE RESERVOIRS s LOCAL PUBLIC SERVICES s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s MUNICIPAL COMPANIES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL UTILITY s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OPERATIONAL EXPENDITURES s OPERATIONAL EXPENSES s OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s POPULATION GROWTH s PROVISION OF WATER s PROVISION OF WATER SUPPLY s PUBLIC COMPANIES s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SERVICE PROVIDERS s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s QUALITY OF SERVICE s RAW WATER s REGIONAL WASTEWATER s REGULATORY AGENCY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVOIRS s RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS s RIVER BASIN s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT s RIVER BASINS s RIVERS s SAFE WATER s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION SYSTEMS s SANITATION UTILITIES s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE DEMAND s SERVICE OPERATORS s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SERVICE STANDARDS s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATERS s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TARIFF ADJUSTMENTS s TARIFF SETTING s TOILETS s UTILITIES s UTILITY EFFICIENCY s UTILITY STAFF s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER ASSOCIATION s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SECTOR s WASTEWATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WASTEWATER UTILITY s WATER s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER COMPANIES s WATER COMPANY s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DEMAND s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER PRODUCTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY MONITORING s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RIGHTS s WATER SCHEMES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER STRATEGY s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TARIFF s WATER TREATMENT s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY pha English en_US To evaluate and reflect the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector sustainability assessment was conducted taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region, and countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess sector sustainability is included in the annex of the state of the sector regional report from the Danube water program. The outcomes of this assessment for the Kosovo water sector are presented, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. As a result, the Kosovo sector sustainability score is 63, which is close to the Danube average sustainability of 64. The assessment shows that, on average, the country performs well in terms of access to piped water and flush toilets, continuity of service, staffing level and operating cost ratio. The main deficiencies identified through the sector sustainability assessment are the investment level, nonrevenue water, and wastewater treatment coverage. The main sector challenges are: securing stable and long-term financing for compliance investments; increasing water utility billing collection; and improving the efficiency of utilities to enhance their sustainability 40 17-11-21 00:18:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867888 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22144 Volltext, Open Access

1759723266

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723266 OCoLC 1255594708 WBOKR 22143 EBP 064567672 KEP 064567672 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22143 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region Romania Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s Danube s Drinking water s Sanitation s Service provision s Wastewater utilities s Water access s Water resources s Water supply English en_US To evaluate and reflect the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector sustainability assessment was done taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region. Countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess the sector sustainability is included in the Annex of the state of the sector regional report from the Danube Water Program. The outcomes of this assessment for Romania’s water sector are displayed, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. The Romanian sector sustainability score is 56, which is below the Danube average sustainability of 64, and which is among the lowest scores in the region. This is partly due to the fact that a large percentage of Romania’s population lives in rural areas, where only 29 percent are connected to pipe water and 10 percent have access to flush toilets (UNECE/WHO 2010). Aside from that, the main deficiencies identified regarding the Romanian water sector through the sector sustainability assessment are affordability, wastewater compliance, and operating cost ratio. Romania is, however, performing well in terms of collection ratio and customer satisfaction. The main sector challenges are: improving access to water and sanitation services in rural areas; strengthening the capacity of operators to ensure implementation of investment projects; addressing affordability issues regarding water and sanitation prices; and improving efficiency of water utilities 40 17-11-21 00:18:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867896 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22143 Volltext, Open Access

1759723274

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:40.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723274 OCoLC 1257163644 WBOKR 22141 EBP 064567664 KEP 064567664 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22141 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region FYR Macedonia Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of North Macedonia (Formerly the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) s ACCESS TO SERVICES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION OF INFRASTRUCTURE s CONTINUITY OF SERVICE s COST OF WATER s COST RECOVERY s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s CUBIC METERS s DEPRECIATION COSTS s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s EFFICIENCY OF SERVICE s EFFLUENT TREATMENT s FLUSH TOILET s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER SOURCES s HOUSEHOLDS s INDUSTRY s INVESTMENT PROJECT s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MAINTENANCE OF WATER s MONITORING PROGRAM s MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES s MUNICIPAL COUNCILS s MUNICIPAL LEVEL s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPAL UTILITIES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL UTILITY s NATIONAL WATER COUNCIL s NATURAL SPRINGS s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OPERATIONAL EXPENDITURE s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s POLLUTION s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s PRICE OF DRINKING WATER s PRIVATE OPERATOR s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUBLIC WATER s QUALITY OF SERVICE s REGULATORY AGENCY s RIVERS s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICE PROVIDERS s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION UTILITIES s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWER NETWORKS s SEWERAGE NETWORK s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s STORM WATER s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATERS s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TARIFF ADJUSTMENTS s TARIFF INCREASE s TARIFF SETTING s URBAN AREAS s URBAN MUNICIPALITIES s UTILITIES s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WASTE WATER s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WATER s WATER BODIES s WATER COMPANIES s WATER COMPANY s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER LEGISLATION s WATER MAINS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RATES s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER STRATEGY s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER TARIFF s WATER TARIFFS s WATER USE s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY s WATER QUALITY English en_US To evaluate the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector sustainability assessment was done taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region, and countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess sector sustainability is included in the annex of the state of the sector regional report from the Danube Water Program. The outcomes of this assessment for the FYR Macedonia water sector are presented in Figure 9, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. The Macedonian sector sustainability score is 61, which is below the Danube average of 64. The assessment shows that, on average, the country performs well in terms of access to piped water and flush toilets, continuity of service, staffing level, and affordability. The main deficiencies of the FYR Macedonia water sector identified through the sector sustainability assessment are investment level, operating cost ratio, wastewater treatment coverage, and the nonrevenue water level. The main sector challenges are: securing a multiyear investment budget; improving the efficiency of service providers; and implementing fully the existing water laws 40 17-11-21 00:18:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986790X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22141 Volltext, Open Access

1759723282

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723282 OCoLC 1255594730 WBOKR 22140 EBP 064567656 KEP 064567656 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22140 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region Ukraine Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Ukraine s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ADMINISTRATIVE BODIES s BASINS s CHEMICAL s CONSTRUCTION s COST RECOVERY s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s DEMAND FOR WATER s DISTRIBUTION OF WATER s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s FLUSH TOILET s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s HOUSEHOLDS s INDUSTRY s INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s IRON s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL BUDGETS s LOCAL PUBLIC SERVICES s LOCAL SERVICES s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s MAINTENANCE OF ASSETS s MANGANESE s MIXED OWNERSHIP s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL UTILITY s NATURAL RESOURCES s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s PIPELINE s POLLUTION s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUMPING s PUMPING EQUIPMENT s PUMPING STATIONS s PUMPS s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUALITY OF WATER s QUANTITY OF WATER s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s REGULATORY AGENCY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s RESERVOIRS s RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS s RIVERS s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICE PROVIDERS s SANITATION SERVICE PROVISION s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION UTILITIES s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWAGE TREATMENT s SMALL COMMUNITIES s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATER RESOURCES s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TARIFF SETTING s URBAN AREAS s UTILITIES s UTILITY SERVICES s UTILITY STAFF s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SECTOR s WASTEWATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WASTEWATER SERVICE PROVISION s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WATER s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER BODIES s WATER COMPANIES s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER OPERATORS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY INDUSTRY s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER SYSTEM s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TARIFFS s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY pha English en_US To evaluate and reflect the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector sustainability assessment was done, taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region, and countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess sector sustainability is included in the Annex of the State of the Sector Regional Report from the Danube Water Program. The outcomes of this assessment for the Ukraine water sector are shown in Figure 10, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. The Ukrainian sector sustainability score is 54, which is below the Danube average sustainability of 64. The assessment shows that, on average, the country performs well in terms of collection ratio and affordability. The main deficiencies of the Ukraine water sector identified through the sector sustainability assessment are investment level, wastewater treatment coverage, and nonrevenue water. The main sector challenges are: improving and clarifying the legal regulatory framework of the water sector; ensuring tariff setting according to the cost recovery principle to improve overall efficiency; and improving staff capacities and expertise 40 17-11-21 00:18:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867918 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22140 Volltext, Open Access

1759723290

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723290 OCoLC 1257193943 WBOKR 22136 EBP 064567648 KEP 064567648 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22136 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region Serbia Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ANNUAL PRECIPITATION s ASSET OWNERSHIP s AVAILABLE WATER s BASINS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CHEMICAL s CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONSTRUCTION s COST RECOVERY s DECISION MAKING s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s EFFLUENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s FLOOD PROTECTION s FLUSH TOILET s GROUND WATERS s GROUNDWATER s HEAVY METALS s HOUSEHOLDS s INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT s INDUSTRY s INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT s INVESTMENT FINANCING s IRON s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANGANESE s MUNICIPAL COMPANIES s MUNICIPAL EFFLUENT s MUNICIPAL FINANCE s MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MUNICIPAL UTILITY s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL UTILITIES s NATIONAL UTILITY s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PESTICIDES s PIPED WATER s POLLUTION s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s PRICE OF DRINKING WATER s PRICE OF WATER s PROVISION OF WATER s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUBLIC WATER s QUALITY OF SERVICE s RAW WATER s REGULATORY AGENCIES s REGULATORY AGENCY s RESERVOIRS s RIVER BASIN s RIVERS s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATER QUALITY s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TARIFF INCREASE s TARIFF REFORM s TARIFF SETTING s TOILETS s URBAN AREAS s UTILITIES s UTILITY STAFF s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER DISCHARGE s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT CAPACITY s WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WATER s WATER ABSTRACTION s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER COMPANIES s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DIRECTORATE s WATER FACILITIES s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER LAW s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER POLICY s WATER PROFESSIONALS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER TARIFFS s WATER TREATMENT s WATER USES s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY s WATER QUALITY s WELLS pha English en_US To evaluate the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector assessment has been done taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region, and the countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess sector sustainability is included in the annex of the state of the sector regional report from the Danube Water Program. The outcomes of this assessment for the Serbian water sector are presented, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. The Serbian sector sustainability score is 61, which is below the Danube average sustainability of 64. The assessment shows that, on average, the country performs well in terms of access to piped water and flush toilets, nonrevenue water, and affordability. The main deficiencies of the Serbian water sector identified through the sector sustainability assessment are the level of investment, wastewater treatment coverage, and the operating cost ratio. The main sector challenges are: strengthening and clarifying sector governance; ensuring tariff setting according to the cost recovery principle to improve overall performance in preparation for EU accession; and enhancing water utility staff capacity and training 40 17-11-21 00:18:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867926 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22136 Volltext, Open Access

1759723304

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723304 OCoLC 1255594717 WBOKR 22135 EBP 06456763X KEP 06456763X 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22135 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region Slovenia Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Slovenia s ACCESS TO SERVICES s BASINS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CHEMICAL s CLIMATE CHANGE s COASTAL WATERS s CONSTRUCTION s CONTINUITY OF SERVICE s COST RECOVERY s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s DROUGHT s FISH FARMING s FIXED CHARGE s FLUSH TOILET s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER QUALITY s HEAVY METALS s HOUSEHOLDS s INDUSTRY s IRON s LOCAL COMMUNITY s LOCAL PUBLIC SERVICES s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s MUNICIPAL COUNCILS s MUNICIPAL REPRESENTATIVES s MUNICIPAL UTILITIES s MUNICIPAL UTILITY s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL REGULATORY AGENCY s NATIONAL UTILITY s NUTRIENTS s OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s POLLUTION s POPULATION GROWTH s POTABLE WATER s POTABLE WATER QUALITY s POWER STATIONS s PRIVATE CONCESSIONS s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s PUMPING s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUANTITIES OF WATER s RAW WATER s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s REGIONAL UTILITIES s REGULATORY AGENCY s RIVER FLOW s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION UTILITIES s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWAGE SYSTEMS s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATERS s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TARIFF SETTING s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TOILETS s TOWNS s TOXIC CHEMICALS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN WASTE WATER s UTILITIES s UTILITY MANAGEMENT s WASTE WATER s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WATER s WATER ABSTRACTION s WATER ASSOCIATION s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER POLLUTION s WATER PROTECTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY MONITORING s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TARIFF s WATER TARIFFS s WATER TREATMENT s WATER USERS s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY pha English en_US To evaluate and reflect the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector sustainability assessment was done, taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region, and countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess the sector sustainability is included in the annex of the state of the sector regional report from the Danube Water Program. The outcomes of this assessment for the Slovenia water sector are displayed, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. The Slovenian sector sustainability score is 84, which is above the Danube average sustainability score of 64. The assessment shows that, on average, the country performs well in terms of access to piped water and flush toilets, affordability, continuity of service, customer satisfaction, nonrevenue water, and collection ratio. The main deficiencies of Slovenia’s water sector identified through the sector sustainability assessment are wastewater treatment coverage, operating cost ratio, and investment level. The main sector challenges are: increasing the rehabilitation of the water infrastructure and improving its reliability; and improving monitoring and reporting practices 40 17-11-21 00:18:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867934 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22135 Volltext, Open Access

1759723312

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:40.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723312 OCoLC 1255594678 WBOKR 22139 EBP 064567621 KEP 064567621 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22139 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region Hungary Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Hungary s ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESS TO WATER s AFFORDABILITY OF WATER s BASIN MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONNECTION s CONNECTION RATE s CONNECTIONS s CONSTRUCTION s COST OF WATER s COST RECOVERY s CROSS- SUBSIDIES s DISCHARGE s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER PROJECTS s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s DRINKING WATER SOURCE s DROUGHT s EFFLUENT s EFFLUENT QUALITY s FLOOD PROTECTION s FLUSH TOILET s FLUSH TOILETS s HOUSEHOLDS s IRON s JOINT VENTURES s LARGE TOWNS s LARGE WATER UTILITIES s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s LOW-INCOME POPULATION s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANGANESE s METERING s MUNICIPAL UTILITIES s MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL UTILITY s NATIONAL WATER s NETWORK s NITROGEN s NITROGEN COMPOUNDS s OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE s OWNERSHIP OF ASSETS s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE CONCESSIONS s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PRIVATE PARTICIPATION s PRIVATE UTILITIES s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC UTILITY s QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER s QUALITY OF SERVICE s REGIONAL UTILITIES s REGULATORY AGENCY s REGULATORY REFORMS s RESEARCH s RESERVOIRS s RESIDENTIAL WATER s RIVER BASIN s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLAN s SANITATION s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICE PROVISION s SANITATION UTILITIES s SCIENCES s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWER SYSTEM s SEWERAGE s STATISTICS s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TARIFF REVENUES s TARIFF SETTING s TOILET s TOILETS s TOWNS s TREATMENT PLANT s USERS s UTILITIES s UTILITY s UTILITY GOVERNANCE s UTILITY MANAGERS s UTILITY SERVICES s UTILITY SIZE s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER DISCHARGE s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER TARIFF s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WATER s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER BODIES s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER EXTRACTION s WATER MAINS s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER NEEDS s WATER NETWORKS s WATER PROJECTS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER STORAGE s WATER STRATEGY s WATER SUPPLY s WATER TARIFFS s WATER TREATMENT s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY English en_US To evaluate and reflect the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector sustainability assessment was done, taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region, and countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess sector sustainability is included in the Annex of the State of the Sector Regional Report from the Danube Water Program. The outcomes of this assessment for Hungary’s water sector are displayed, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. The Hungarian sector sustainability score is 74, which is far above the Danube average sustainability of 64, and is among the best practices in the region. The assessment shows that, on average, the country performs well in terms of continuity of access to piped water and flush toilet, collection ratio, nonrevenue water and staffing level. The main deficiencies of Hungary’s water sector identified through the sector sustainability assessment are the operating cost ratio, affordability, and investments. The main sector challenges are: achieving full cost recovery; preventing the degradation of assets in the long term; and preparing for the risks caused by climate change 40 17-11-21 00:18:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867942 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22139 Volltext, Open Access

1759723320

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:40.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723320 OCoLC 1255594742 WBOKR 22138 EBP 064567613 KEP 064567613 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22138 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region Czech Republic Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Czech Republic Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATION s BASIN MANAGEMENT s BASINS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONCESSION CONTRACT s CONTINUITY OF SERVICE s COST RECOVERY s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s DISCHARGE s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s DROUGHT s EFFLUENT s EFFLUENT QUALITY s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT s EROSION s FIXED COSTS s FLUSH TOILET s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER SOURCES s HOUSEHOLDS s INTAKES s LARGE UTILITIES s LARGER UTILITIES s LITERS PER CAPITA PER DAY s LOCAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL UTILITY s OPERATIONAL EXPENDITURES s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s POLLUTION s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE CONCESSIONS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS s QUALITY OF SERVICE s REGULATORY AGENCY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE WATER RESOURCES s RESERVOIRS s RIVER BASIN s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLAN s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLANS s RIVER BASINS s RIVERS s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION UTILITIES s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWAGE DISPOSAL s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s SMALL MUNICIPALITIES s STATISTICS s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TARIFF SETTING s TOILETS s TOWNS s URBAN AREAS s UTILITIES s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WATER s WATER AUTHORITY s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER COMPANY s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER EXTRACTION s WATER FEES s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER INTAKES s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER POLICY s WATER PRESSURE s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY CONTROL s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER STRATEGY s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER UTILITY s WATERCOURSES s WATERS s WELLS English en_US To evaluate and reflect the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector sustainability assessment was done taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region, and countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess the sector sustainability is included in the Annex of the State of the Sector Regional Report from the Danube Water Program. The outcomes of this assessment for the Czech Republic water sector are displayed in Figure 9, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. The Czech sector sustainability score is 88, which is much higher than the Danube average sector sustainability of 64, and is among the best practices in the region. The assessment shows that, on average, the country performs very well in terms of access to piped water and flush toilets, continuity of service, wastewater compliance, staffing level, collection ratio, and nonrevenue water. The main deficiencies of the Czech water sector identified through the sector sustainability assessment are operating cost ratio and affordability. The main sector challenges are: implementing reform regarding the regulatory framework of the sector. Within the framework of the 2014-2020 operational program for environment, the European Commission stipulated ex-ante conditions, requiring the Czech Republic to establish a regulatory office for the sector. Different alternatives are discussed at the governmental level, and regulatory impact assessment papers are being prepared; and facilitating sector strategic planning despite the heterogeneity of the utility ownership structure. Around 6,000 entities (owners, public services providers) operate in the water sector (Expert estimate). To some extent, the heterogeneity of those entities in terms of size, legal status, scope of competencies and interests prevent effective strategic planning, resource balancing, and efficient asset management of regional systems, including drought and water scarcity issues management. Addressing this situation could help implement more efficient sector planning 40 17-11-21 00:18:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867950 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22138 Volltext, Open Access

1759723339

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723339 OCoLC 1255594696 WBOKR 22137 EBP 064567605 KEP 064567605 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22137 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region Austria Country Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Austria Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESS TO WATER s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s AQUIFERS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AVAILABILITY OF WATER s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CHEMICAL s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONSTRUCTION s CONTINUITY OF SERVICE s COST RECOVERY s DISTRICT AUTHORITIES s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s ENGINEERING s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s FLOOD PROTECTION s FLOOD RISK s FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT s FLUSH TOILET s FLUSH TOILETS s FRESHWATER s GAS s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER QUALITY s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s HIGH LEVELS s HOUSEHOLDS s INDUSTRY s INVESTMENT COSTS s IRRIGATION s LAND USE s LOCAL BUDGETS s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s LOCAL WATER s MAINTENANCE COSTS s METERING s METERS s MUNICIPAL DEPARTMENT s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS s MUNICIPAL UTILITIES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL UTILITY s NATIONAL WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN s NONREVENUE WATER s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PESTICIDES s PIPED WATER s PIPES s POLLUTION s POPULATION GROWTH s PRICE OF WATER s PROVISION OF WATER s PROVISION OF WATER SUPPLY s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUALITY OF WATER s QUALITY STANDARDS s REGIONAL UTILITIES s REGULATORY AGENCY s SANITATION s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWAGE DISPOSAL s SPRING WATER s SPRINGS s STATISTICS s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TARIFFS s TOILETS s TREATMENT PLANTS s URBAN UTILITIES s URBAN WASTE WATER s UTILITIES s WASTE WATER s WASTE WATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SECTOR s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WATER s WATER ASSOCIATIONS s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER BOARDS s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DEMAND s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER METERS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SHORTAGE s WATER SOURCE s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER TANKS s WATER TARIFF s WATER TREATMENT s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY s WATERWORKS s WELLS pha English en_US To evaluate and reflect the sustainability of services in the region, an overall sector maturity assessment was done taking into account four main dimensions: access to services, quality of services, efficiency of services, and financing of services. Each of these dimensions is measured through three simple and objective indicators. For each indicator, best practice values are established by looking at the best performers in the region, and countries closest to those best performers are deemed to have a more mature sector. A more complete description of the methodology to assess the sector maturity is included in the annex of the state of the sector regional report from the Danube Water Program. The outcomes of this assessment for the Austrian water sector are presented, which also shows average and best practices in the Danube region. The Austrian sector maturity score is 96, which is significantly higher than the Danube average maturity of 64, and the highest score in the region. The assessment shows that, on average, the country performs very well in terms of access to piped water and flushes toilet, wastewater treatment coverage, customer satisfaction, continuity of service, wastewater compliance, collection ratio, and nonrevenue water 40 17-11-21 00:18:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867969 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22137 Volltext, Open Access

1759723347

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:40.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723347 OCoLC 1255594750 WBOKR 22130 EBP 064567591 KEP 064567591 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22130 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water and Wastewater Services in the Danube Region A State of the Sector World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Eastern Europe Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO SERVICES s AGGREGATION PROCESSES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CONCESSION CONTRACT s CONCESSION CONTRACTS s CONNECTION FEES s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONTINUITY OF SERVICE s COST OF WATER s COST RECOVERY s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s CUBIC METER s CUBIC METERS s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s EFFECTIVE DEMAND s FLUSH TOILET s HOURS OF SERVICE s HOUSEHOLDS s INVESTMENT COSTS s INVESTMENT FINANCING s LARGE UTILITIES s LARGER TOWNS s LARGER UTILITIES s LITERS PER CAPITA PER DAY s LOCAL PUBLIC SERVICES s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s LOCAL WATER s LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s MAINTENANCE COSTS s METER READING s MUNICIPAL COMPANIES s MUNICIPAL LEVEL s MUNICIPAL PROVIDERS s MUNICIPAL SERVICE PROVISION s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL UTILITY s NATIONAL WATER COUNCIL s NUMBER OF CONNECTIONS s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OPERATIONAL EXPENDITURES s PERFORMANCE AGREEMENT s PERFORMANCE AGREEMENTS s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCE OF SERVICE PROVIDERS s PIPELINE s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION WITHOUT ACCESS s POTABLE WATER s PRIVATE OPERATOR s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PROVISION OF WATER s PROVISION OF WATER SUPPLY s PUBLIC SERVICE PROVIDERS s PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WORKS s PUMPING STATIONS s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUALITY OF WATER s QUALITY WATER s QUANTITY OF WATER s REGIONAL UTILITIES s REGULATORY AGENCY s RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER s RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER SUPPLY s RIVER WATER s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION STRATEGY s SANITATION UTILITIES s SEPTIC TANK s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SERVICE STANDARDS s SEWAGE SYSTEM s SEWAGE SYSTEMS s SEWAGE TREATMENT s SEWER NETWORKS s SEWER SYSTEM s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SMALL COMMUNITIES s SMALL MUNICIPALITIES s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATERS s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SYSTEMS s TARIFF INCREASE s TARIFF REGULATION s TARIFF SETTING s TOWNS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN COMMUNITIES s UTILITIES s UTILITY EFFICIENCY s UTILITY MANAGEMENT s UTILITY MANAGERS s UTILITY REVENUES s UTILITY SERVICES s UTILITY SIZE s UTILITY STAFF s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WASTE WATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER ASSOCIATION s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER DISCHARGE s WASTEWATER DISPOSAL s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SECTOR s WASTEWATER SERVICE PROVISION s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WATER s WATER ASSOCIATION s WATER BODIES s WATER COMPANIES s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER COVERAGE s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER LAW s WATER METER s WATER POLICY s WATER PROFESSIONALS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SANITATION s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SECTOR s WATER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICE PROVISION s WATER SERVICES s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY COMPANIES s WATER SUPPLY INDUSTRY s WATER TARIFF s WATER TARIFFS s WATER USERS s WATER UTILITIES s WELLS English en_US This report analyzes the progress and challenges of 16 countries in the Danube watershed in delivering sustainable water and wastewater services to all, while meeting the European Union environmental acquis communautaire. After putting the services that are being delivered into context, the report analyzes the organization of services in the region and the level of access to services, that is, how well countries are doing in terms of providing access to water and wastewater services for the entire population. It then looks at the performance of the sector, including the quality of services provided and customer satisfaction with it. It also draws a picture of the efficiency of services, including whether they reflect accepted good practices. Finally, it analyzes the financing of services, looking at whether the financing of operation, maintenance, and investments is secured and affordable. The report draws largely from existing public data sources at the national and regional level, and consolidates them into a coherent, regional narrative, and analysis. The methods of analysis include horizontal comparisons among countries at a given point in time and trends within the countries or the region over a given period of time. Given shortcomings in the availability and comparability of data across 16 countries, the report seeks to encourage and inform a policy dialogue around sector challenges rather than provide a definitive set of policy recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:18:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867977 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22130 Volltext, Open Access

1759723355

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:41.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723355 OCoLC 1255594737 WBOKR 21980 EBP 064567397 KEP 064567397 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21980 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Economic Monitoring Report to the Ad Hoc Liaison Committee World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa West Bank and Gaza s ACCOUNTING s ARREARS s BANK s BANK BORROWING s BANK FINANCING s BANK LOANS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BENEFICIARIES s BINDING CONSTRAINT s BLACK MARKET s BORROWING s BUDGET s CAPITAL GAINS s CASH ECONOMY s CASH TRANSFER s CENTRAL BANK s CHECK s CURRENCIES s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT s DEFICIT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITS s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC BANK s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC DEBT s DONOR SUPPORT s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMPLOYEES s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENTERPRISES s EQUITY s ESCROW s EXCHANGE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s FINANCE s FINANCES s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCING s FISCAL BURDEN s FISCAL DEFICIT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN MARKETS s FUTURE s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOOD s GOODS s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENTS s INVESTOR s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s LABOR MARKET s LENDING s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOANS s LOCAL BANKS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MARKET s MARKETS s MATURITY s MONETARY AUTHORITY s MONETARY FUND s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OIL PRICES s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION SYSTEM s PEOPLE s PLEDGE s PLEDGES s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s POVERTY s PRIVATE CREDIT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PURCHASING POWER s REAL ESTATE s RECESSION s RECURRENT DEFICIT s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REGISTRATION FEE s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT s RETURNS s REVENUE s REVENUES s SECURITY s SHARE s SHARES s SOFT LOAN s STOCK s TARIFF s TARIFF REVENUES s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX REGIME s TAXES s TRADE SECTORS s TRANSACTIONS s TREASURY s UNEMPLOYMENT s WELFARE s WITHDRAWALS English en_US This report covers two distinct subjects. Chapter I of the report, as has been the norm with the World Bank Ad Hoc Liaison Committee report, focuses on the assessment of recent macroeconomic and fiscal developments and government policies in West Bank and Gaza. Chapter II presents an analysis of Gazas stark economic decline over the past 20 years and its human impact. It also presents a mix of policies that should ensure sustainable development of the Gaza strip and put an end to human suffering therein. The report also contains an annex which provides an overview of progress in meeting the pledges made for Gazas reconstruction at the October 2014 Cairo Conference. Although the connection between the chapters of this report may not be obvious as they treat a diverse set of issues facing the Palestinian economy and public finances, together they provide insights into key policy and institutional development actions and reforms, which need to be taken by the Palestinian Authority, the Government of Israel, and the donor community to reverse the recent and worrisome slowdown in economic growth, to enable effective and efficient management of public finances in order to avoid a dangerous fiscal crisis and to support inclusive economic growth and poverty reduction 40 17-11-21 00:18:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867985 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21980 Volltext, Open Access

175972338X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972338X OCoLC 1255594719 WBOKR 21755 EBP 064566560 KEP 064566560 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21755 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO United Mexican States Reducing Fuel Subsidies Public Policy Options World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Mexico s AGGREGATE LEVEL s AGRICULTURE s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s ANNUAL EMISSION s BALANCE s BARRELS PER DAY s BASE YEAR s BENCHMARK s BUSINESS AS USUAL SCENARIO s CALCULATION s CAPITAL THEORY s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON ECONOMY s CARBON MONOXIDE s CHEMICAL CONTENT s CHEMICALS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY s CO s CO2 s COLORS s CONSTANT ELASTICITIES s CONSUMER GROUPS s CONSUMERS s CONVERGENCE s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DEMAND FOR GASOLINE s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DIESEL s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DISTRIBUTIONAL IMPLICATIONS s DOMESTIC PRODUCTION s DRIVING s DYNAMIC COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM s DYNAMIC MODEL s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC THEORY s ECONOMIC WELFARE s ELASTICITIES s ELASTICITIES OF DEMAND s ELASTICITY s ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s EMISSION s EMISSION ABATEMENT s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS FROM ENERGY s EMISSIONS FROM ENERGY USE s EMISSIONS FROM LAND USE s EMISSIONS FROM LAND USE CHANGE s EMISSIONS OF POLLUTANTS s ENERGY CONSUMERS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY GENERATION s ENERGY GOODS s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY PRICING s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SOURCE s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY SUBSIDIES s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s EQUILIBRIUM s EQUILIBRIUM THEORY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCISE TAX s EXPORTS s EXTERNALITIES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FORESTRY s FORMAL ANALYSIS s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUEL USE s FOSSIL FUELS s FOSSIL-FUEL USE s FUEL s FUEL PRICES s FUEL SUBSIDIES s FUEL USE s FUELS s GASOLINE s GASOLINE CONSUMPTION s GASOLINE PRICES s GDP s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL s GLOBAL EMISSIONS s GOVERNMENT DEFICIT s GOVERNMENT PURCHASES s GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GASES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPORTS s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME TAXES s INELASTIC DEMAND s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s LABOR SUPPLY s LAND USE s LAND USE CHANGE s LIFE INSURANCE s LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS s LOW-CARBON s MARGINAL COST s MARGINAL COST OF PRODUCTION s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEGATIVE IMPACTS s NONRENEWABLE RESOURCE s OIL s OIL OUTPUT s OIL PRICES s OIL PRODUCERS s OXIDES s PARTICULATES s PET s PETROCHEMICALS s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM GAS s PLASTICS s POLICY ANALYSIS s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POLLUTION REDUCTION s POPULATION GROWTH s POSITIVE EFFECTS s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE OF OIL s PRICE TAKERS s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS s PRODUCTION GOODS s PROFIT MAXIMIZATION s PROPERTY TAXES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s PURCHASING POWER s REDUCTION IN EMISSIONS s RELATIVE PRICE s RELATIVE PRICES s REVENUE NEUTRAL s SAVINGS s SCENARIOS s SENSITIVITY ANALYSES s SO2 s SPEEDS s STREET LIGHTING s SULFUR s SULFUR DIOXIDE s TAX s TAX RATES s TAX REVENUE s TOTAL COST s TOTAL DEMAND s TOTAL EMISSIONS s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TRANSPORTATION SERVICES s UNEMPLOYMENT s UTILITY FUNCTION s VEHICLES s VOLTAGE s WAGES s WEALTH pha English en_US This paper analyzes the economic, distributional, and environmental impact that energy subsidy reductions and alternative compensating mechanisms might have in Mexico. To achieve that goal, author use a computable general equilibrium model of the Mexican economy. They make several important changes to the original model to build the energy subsidies (to gasoline, diesel, electricity and liquefied petroleum gas) into the benchmark and then do an array of simulations to see the effects of removing such subsidies. The report results for 2012, which is the initial year; 2018, which will be the end of the next administration; and 2024 and 2030, which represent the medium and long term, respectively. When doing the simulations, author look at possible compensation mechanisms and analyze the impact on the income groups that may be affected by the reduction of energy subsidies 40 17-11-21 00:18:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939867993 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21755 Volltext, Open Access

1759723398

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:41.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723398 OCoLC 1255594756 WBOKR 21676 EBP 064566544 KEP 064566544 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21676 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Increasing Agricultural Production and Resilience Through Improved Agrometeorological Services World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia Kenya s AGRICULTURE s CLIMATE English en_US This study was undertaken in support of the World Bank project, Agroweather Tools for Adapting to Climate Change. The overall goal of this pilot project is to establish community-based agro-weather risk management tools. These tools are to be supported by a flow of weather and climate information via information and communication technology (ICT) delivery systems. While some advice is provided on how farmers can use meteorological and climatological information in their operations, this is not the main thrust of the report. It focuses instead on the generation and provision of such information in a timely manner and in formats that inform decision making by farmers and by ministerial staff 40 17-11-21 00:18:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868000 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21676 Volltext, Open Access

1759723401

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723401 OCoLC 1255594720 WBOKR 21723 EBP 064566463 KEP 064566463 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21723 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Agribusiness Indicators Nigeria World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Nigeria s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACTUAL YIELDS s AGRIBUSINESS s AGRICULTURAL BUSINESS s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL CREDIT s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL INPUT s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL LOANS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL POLICIES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL PROJECTS s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH PROJECT s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SYSTEM s AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL SERVICES s AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES s AGRICULTURAL TRANSFORMATION s AGRICULTURAL VALUE s AGRICULTURAL ZONES s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s AGRICULTURE SECTOR s AMMONIUM NITRATE s ARABLE LAND s AVERAGE YIELD s BEANS s BREEDER SEED s BREEDING s CEREALS s CERTIFIED SEED s CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATES s COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL SEED s COMMERCIAL SEED SECTOR s COMMERCIALIZATION s COMMODITY s COOPERATIVES s COWPEA s CROP s CROP INFORMATION s CROP INPUTS s CROP INSURANCE s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP VARIETIES s CROP VARIETY s CROP YIELDS s CROPPING s CROPPING SEASONS s CROPS s CULTIVATED LAND s CULTIVATION s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s ECOLOGICAL ZONES s EQUIPMENT s EROSION CONTROL s EXTENSION AGENTS s EXTENSION SERVICES s FAMILY FARMERS s FAO s FARM s FARM ACTIVITIES s FARM HOUSEHOLDS s FARM LAND s FARM MANAGEMENT s FARM OUTPUT s FARM PRODUCE s FARM PRODUCTIVITY s FARM SIZE s FARMER s FARMER COOPERATIVES s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMING HOUSEHOLDS s FARMLAND s FARMS s FERTILIZER s FERTILIZER APPLICATION s FERTILIZER COST s FERTILIZER INDUSTRY s FERTILIZER MANUFACTURING s FERTILIZER SUBSIDY s FERTILIZER USE s FERTILIZERS s FISH s FOOD CRISIS s FOOD CROPS s FOOD EXPORTS s FOOD IMPORT s FOOD IMPORT BILL s FOOD IMPORTS s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD POLICY s FOOD PROCESSING s FOOD SECURITY s FOUNDATION SEED s GIS s GRAIN s GRAIN PRICES s GRAINS s GREEN REVOLUTION s HARVEST s HARVESTING s HECTARES OF LAND s HIGH YIELDING VARIETIES s HIGH YIELDS s HUNGER s HYBRID SEEDS s IFDC s IFPRI s INCOMES s INTERNATIONAL FERTILIZER DEVELOPMENT CENTER s INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE s IRRIGATION s IRRIGATION WATER s LABOR FORCE s LABORATORIES s LIVELIHOODS s LIVESTOCK s MAIZE s MARKETING s MICROFINANCE s MINISTRIES OF AGRICULTURE s NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES s NATURAL RESOURCES s NGOS s NUTRIENT CONTENT s ORGANIC FERTILIZER s PESTICIDE s PESTICIDE APPLICATION s PESTICIDES s PLANTING s PLOWING s POOR FARMERS s POTENTIAL YIELDS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SEED COMPANIES s PRIVATE SEED SECTOR s PRIVATE SEED SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PULSES s QUARANTINE s QUARANTINE REGULATIONS s RAINFED AREAS s RAW MATERIALS s RICE s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL ROADS s SEED s SEED COMPANIES s SEED COMPANY s SEED DEVELOPMENT s SEED INDUSTRY s SEED LAWS s SEED MULTIPLICATION s SEED POLICY s SEED PRODUCERS s SEED PRODUCTION s SEED SYSTEM s SEED TECHNOLOGY s SEED TESTING s SEED TRADE s SEED TRADE ASSOCIATION s SEED VARIETIES s SEEDS s SMALL-SCALE FARMERS s SOIL IMPROVEMENT s SORGHUM s SOYBEAN s SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURE s SUGAR s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TILLERS s UNITED NATIONS s UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s UNIVERSITIES s USAID s WHEAT pha English en_US The purpose of this Agriculture Business Indicators Study was to isolate the success factors and construct indicators that reflect the performance of the agriculture sector in Nigeria and that benchmark it in terms directly comparable to agriculture sectors in other developing countries. Providing policy makers and public officials with access to this type of empirical information is seen as way to stimulate and inform policy dialogue about what reforms are needed and about how scarce public resources can be most effectively invested. The indicators can be used to identify specifically where this investment can be used to leverage commercialization through value addition, increasing the competitiveness of a country’s agricultural products domestically, regionally, and in international markets. They can also inform decision makers and investors about which policy measures are likely to be the most effective in enhancing food security, reducing poverty, and encouraging sustainable forms of environmental management. To accelerate agricultural development capable of spurring competitiveness of agricultural products in the domestic, regional, and international markets and could enhance food security; poverty reduction and sustainable environmental management. The study entailed a review of existing literature and the use of informal surveys to obtain information from a variety of stakeholders and actors. The focus was on the key success factors that the Agribusiness Indicators (ABI) team determined to be the most critical factors influencing agribusiness development in Sub-Saharan African countries. The Nigeria study was informed by the outcomes of scoping missions which had been conducted in three initial pilot countries: Ghana, Ethiopia and Mozambique 40 17-11-21 00:18:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868019 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21723 Volltext, Open Access

1759723428

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:41.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723428 OCoLC 1255594743 WBOKR 21662 EBP 064566315 KEP 064566315 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21662 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kenya Devolution Working Paper Series Summary Overview Kenya School of Government VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Kenya s Participatory processes s accountability s civil society s consultation s consultation processes s cost of participation s flexibility s local government s marginalized groups s outreach s participatory approaches s participatory tools s project implementation s public participation s service delivery s service providers s social accountability s social accountability initiatives s stakeholders s transparency en_US Kenya has embarked on a highly ambitious decentralization that seeks to fundamentally change the relationship between government and citizens under the 2010 Constitution. The Constitution seeks to shift government from centralized to decentralized, and from "top-down" to "bottom-up". The Constitution and new legal framework place a strong emphasis on strengthening public participation. Strengthening public participation and governance is a core element in Kenya's strategy to accelerate growth and address long-standing inequalities in economic opportunities, investment, and service delivery in different parts of the country 40 17-11-21 00:18:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868027 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21662 Volltext, Open Access

1759723436

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:41.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723436 OCoLC 1255594752 WBOKR 21629 EBP 064566293 KEP 064566293 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21629 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bringing Variable Renewable Energy Up to Scale Options for Grid Integration Using Natural Gas and Energy Storage Wendy Hughes VerfasserIn aut Silvia Martinez Romero VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource ESMAP Technical Report s Gas-fired power plants s Natural gas s Renewable energy s Storage technology English en_US By the end of 2013, 144 countries both developed and developing had established plans for the expansion of power generation from renewable energy (REN 21). In setting these goals, countries are driven by a number of strategic considerations, including energy security, reducing pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, the need to expand and improve energy services for growing populations, and industrialization and job creation. Among renewable energy sources, solar and wind resources stand out as having high inherent resource variability and limited predictability. To achieve a reliable, stable power supply, power system operators must continuously balance supply and demand. Power systems are designed to handle a certain amount of variability and uncertainty to accommodate fluctuations in demand and unexpected equipment outages. This report looks at the nature of Variable Renewable Energy (VRE) and the resulting challenges associated with the integration of VRE technologies into a power system. It provides an overview of the measures available to limit and manage these challenges. This report highlights the importance of increased flexibility when integrating high levels of VRE, and focuses on two sets of options to provide such flexibility: natural gas-fired power generation technologies and energy storage. Finally, this report provides some insight into the implications of VRE expansion for planning and regulation, and finishes with some recommendations for planners and policy makers. Topics included in this report also include: natural gas as an option for supply flexibility, energy storage as an option for flexibility, and planning and policy considerations. Findings include the realization that to best manage the challenge of integrating higher levels of VRE into electricity grids, policy, planning and regulatory interventions should be designed to minimize overall system costs and that the value of flexibility in the system should be recognized through policy and regulation, and remuneration mechanisms for flexible capacity should be defined 40 17-11-21 00:18:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868035 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21629 Volltext, Open Access

1759723444

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723444 OCoLC 1255594770 WBOKR 21624 EBP 064566285 KEP 064566285 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21624 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Socio-Economic Impacts of Ebola in Liberia Results from a High Frequency Cell Phone Survey World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Liberia s AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT s AGRICULTURAL SEASON s AGRICULTURAL SELF-EMPLOYMENT s AGRICULTURE s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESSES s CASH CROPS s CASH TRANSFERS s CASSAVA s CELL PHONE s COCOA s COMMUNITIES s CONFLICT s DESCRIPTION s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s FARM SELF-EMPLOYMENT s FARMERS s FEMALE s FOOD AID s FOOD CROP s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD NEEDS s FOOD SECURITY s FOODS s GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES s HARVEST ACTIVITIES s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSEHOLDS WITH CHILDREN s INFORMATION SERVICES s INTERVENTION s MEAL s PHONE NUMBERS s REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION s REGIONAL PRICE s RESULT s RESULTS s RICE s RUBBER s RUBBER PRICES s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY s SAVINGS s SEASONAL EMPLOYMENT s SOCIAL PROTECTION s URBAN AREAS s VIRUS s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WFP pha English en_US As of February 18, 2015 Liberia has reported over 9,000 cases of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), and 3,900 deaths. Since the previous round of data collection, in December 2014, Liberia continues to show progress toward getting to zero cases, and in the 21 days leading up to January 28, there were only 20 confirmed cases nationally, down from 92 in the 21 days ending on December 31, 2014, and a high of 546 in late August and early September. It is believed that all those currently infected are seeking care in Ebola Treatment Units (ETUs), some of which have begun to close in recent weeks as a result of declining need. The World Bank Group, with the Liberia Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services and the Gallup Organization, has continued to monitor the socio-economic impacts of EVD on households through a series of mobile-phone surveys conducted in October, November, and December 2014, and January 2015. As the health crisis continues to abate in Liberia, it will be crucial to tackle the important medium- and long-term economic and welfare impacts of Ebola on households. As Liberia continues on the path to eradicating Ebola, it will be important to identify and support those who are most vulnerable to the sluggish economy and whose long-term welfare may be negatively impacted by coping decisions made in the name of immediate stability. As households send their children back to school in the next month, the World Bank Group and partners will continue to monitor the crisis and work to support the Liberian government and its people as they move into economic recovery 40 17-11-21 00:18:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868043 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21624 Volltext, Open Access

1759723452

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723452 OCoLC 1255572201 WBOKR 21623 EBP 064566277 KEP 064566277 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21623 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Expanding Access to Early Childhood Development Using Interactive Audio Instruction Education Development Center VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa s ACTIVE LEARNING s ACTIVE LEARNING METHODS s ADULTS s ASSESSMENT TOOLS s AVERAGE CLASS SIZE s BROADCASTERS s BROADCASTING s BUSINESS LEADERS s CALL s CAREGIVERS s CHILD CARE s CHILD CARE CENTERS s CHILD DEVELOPMENT s CHILD SURVIVAL s CHILDREN WITH ACCESS s CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM SETTING s CLASSROOM TEACHER s CLASSROOM TEACHERS s CLASSROOMS s COLLABORATION s COLLEGES s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s COMMUNITY RADIO s COMMUNITY RADIO STATIONS s CONTENT CREATION s CONTEXTUAL FACTORS s COST PER STUDENT s CURRICULA s CURRICULAR OBJECTIVES s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT s DATA COLLECTION s DEMONSTRATION s DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN s DISTANCE EDUCATION s DISTANCE LEARNING s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT s EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION s EARLY CHILDHOOD INTERVENTIONS s EARLY CHILDHOOD LEARNING s EARLY CHILDHOOD PROGRAMMING s EARLY EDUCATION s EARLY GRADES s EARLY LEARNING s EARLY LITERACY s ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION s EDUCATION AGENCIES s EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN s EDUCATION INFRASTRUCTURE s EDUCATION MATERIALS s EDUCATION PROGRAMS s EDUCATION TARGETS s EDUCATIONAL QUALITY s EDUCATIONAL RADIO s EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES s EDUCATORS s EFFECTIVE EDUCATION s ENROLLMENT s EXPERIMENTAL SCHOOLS s FIRST GRADE s FORMAL EDUCATION s FORMAL EDUCATION SYSTEM s FORMAL SCHOOLING s FORMATIVE EVALUATION s GENDER ISSUES s GIRLS s GROUP LEARNING s HEAD TEACHERS s HUMAN RESOURCES s INSTRUCTION s INSTRUCTIONAL CONTENT s INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN s INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS s INTERACTIVE RADIO s INTERACTIVE RADIO INSTRUCTION s INTERVENTIONS s KINDERGARTEN s LABOR FORCE s LANGUAGE ACQUISITION s LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION s LANGUAGE POLICIES s LANGUAGE POLICY s LEARNERS s LEARNING s LEARNING CENTERS s LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS s LEARNING GOALS s LEARNING INITIATIVES s LEARNING MATERIALS s LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LEARNING PROCESS s LEARNING RESOURCES s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIBRARIES s LIFE SKILLS s LITERACY s LITERATURE s MANUALS s MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM s MEDIA s MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION s MENTORS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MOTHER TONGUE s MULTIGRADE CLASSROOMS s NATIONAL CURRICULA s NATIONAL CURRICULUM s NATIONAL LANGUAGE s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s NUMERACY s NUTRITION s OFFICIAL CURRICULUM s OPEN LEARNING s PARENT SUPPORT s PEDAGOGY s PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS s PHONES s POSITIVE FEEDBACK s PRE -SCHOOL PROGRAMS s PRESCHOOL CHILDREN s PRESCHOOL CURRICULUM s PRESCHOOL EDUCATION s PRESCHOOL ENROLLMENT s PRESCHOOL TEACHERS s PRESCHOOLERS s PRIMARY CLASSROOMS s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY EDUCATION PROJECT s PRIMARY GRADE s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT s PRIMARY STUDENT s PRIMARY TEACHERS s PRINTING s PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s PURCHASING POWER s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION s QUALITY INSTRUCTION s QUALITY OF TEACHING s QUALITY STANDARDS s RADIO s RADIO BROADCASTS s RADIO STATION s READING s RELIGIOUS EDUCATION s RESEARCH FINDINGS s RESEARCH METHODS s SCHOOL CLASSROOMS s SCHOOL ENTRY s SCHOOL MANAGEMENT s SCHOOL MANAGEMENT COMMITTEES s SCHOOL NETWORKS s SCHOOL READINESS s SCHOOL TEACHERS s SCHOOL YEAR s SCHOOLS s SECOND LANGUAGE s SKILL LEVELS s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SKILLS s SOCIAL STUDIES s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT ENROLLMENT s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT REPETITION s SUMMATIVE EVALUATION s SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS s TEACHER s TEACHER GUIDES s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHER TRAINING PROGRAMS s TEACHING s TEACHING OBJECTIVES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL EXPERTISE s TECHNICAL EXPERTS s TECHNICIANS s TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT s TECHNOLOGY USERS s TEST ADMINISTRATION s TEXTBOOKS s TRADITIONAL APPROACH s TRAINING COSTS s TRAINING FOR TEACHERS s TRAINING MATERIALS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING TEACHERS s TUTORING s UNTRAINED TEACHERS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABLE CHILDREN English en_US The returns to investments in early childhood development (ECD) are manifold and can include improved school readiness, reduced drop-out rates, higher labor force productivity and greater social cohesion. Despite these high returns, enrollment in early childhood education is just 18 percent across Africa, with disproportionately high enrollment from children in urban areas and from wealthier families. Interactive Audio Instruction (IAI) is a distance learning technology that can deliver low-cost, culturally appropriate education via radio or mobile audio technology. It is a highly effective tool to reach children who can be hard to reach through conventional programs, including the rural poor and children with disabilities. IAI can also be an effective form of service delivery in unstable and conflict-affected regions 40 17-11-21 00:18:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868051 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21623 Volltext, Open Access

1759723460

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723460 OCoLC 1255594660 WBOKR 21612 EBP 064566269 KEP 064566269 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21612 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Unlocking the 'Triple Dividend' of Resilience Why Investing in Disaster Risk Management Pays Off Overseas Development Institute VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Overseas Development Institute, London, and World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource s Avoided losses s Background risk s Co-benefits s Disaster risk management s resilience s risk management en_US The risk of a disaster can cause economic losses even before a disaster strikes. Investing in disaster resilience, therefore, can yield a ‘triple dividend’ by (1) avoiding losses when disasters strike; (2) unlocking development potential by stimulating innovation and bolstering economic activity in a context of reduced disaster-related background risk for investment; and (3) through the synergies of the social, environment and economic co-benefits of disaster risk management investments even if a disaster does not happen for many years 40 17-11-21 00:18:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986806X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21612 Volltext, Open Access

1759723479

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723479 OCoLC 1255594661 WBOKR 21602 EBP 064566250 KEP 064566250 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21602 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Aftermath of the 2008 Global Financial Crisis in the Eastern Caribbean The Impact on the St Lucia Labor Market Lea Gimenez VerfasserIn aut Jonathan Karver VerfasserIn aut Rei Odawara VerfasserIn aut Edwin St. Catherine VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean St. Lucia s ACCESS TO INSURANCE s ACCOUNTING s ACTIVE LABOUR s ACTIVE LABOUR MARKET s ACTIVE LABOUR MARKET PROGRAMS s ADULT WORKERS s ADVANCED ECONOMIES s ADVERSE IMPACT s AGE GROUP s AGE GROUPS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURE s ASSET OWNERSHIP s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKS s BORROWING s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s CENTRAL BANK s COLLATERAL s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPUTER LITERACY s CREDIT CRUNCH s CURRENT POPULATION s CUSTOMER SERVICE s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DECISION MAKING s DELINQUENCY RATES s DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT CENTER s DIVERSIFICATION s EARNING s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ELDERLY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYER s EMPLOYERS s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT LEVEL s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT PROGRAM s EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s EXPORTS s FARMERS s FEMALE EMPLOYMENT s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FORMAL EDUCATION s GDP s GENDER s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD s HEALTH CARE s HIGHER EDUCATION LEVELS s HOUSEHOLD ASSETS s HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS s HOUSEHOLD LEVEL s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD WEALTH s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME s INCOME LEVELS s INEQUALITY s INFANT s INFLATION RATE s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION s INTERPERSONAL SKILLS s JOB CREATION s JOB MARKET s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JOB PLACEMENT s JOB SEEKERS s JOBS s LABOR CODE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE SURVEY s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS s LABOR MARKET INDICATORS s LABOR MARKET NEEDS s LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES s LABOR ORGANIZATION s LABORERS s LABOUR MARKET CONDITIONS s LENDING REQUIREMENTS s LEVEL OF ASSET s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFE SKILLS s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MACROECONOMIC CONTEXT s MACROECONOMIC SHOCKS s MATERNITY LEAVE s NATIONAL AUTHORITIES s NATIONAL INCOME s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT s NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s NATURAL DISASTERS s NOMINAL INCOME s NUMBER OF WORKERS s OCCUPATION s OLDER AGE GROUPS s PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT s PERSONAL EMPOWERMENT s POPULATION GROWTH s PRESS RELEASE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOLING s PRIMARY SOURCE s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PROGRESS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC WELFARE s REAL ESTATE s REAL GDP s REAL WAGES s RECEIPTS s RECESSION s REMITTANCES s RESPECT s RETAIL TRADE s RETIREMENT s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOLING s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SERVICE SECTOR s SEVERANCE PAYMENTS s SHORT TERM EMPLOYMENT s SICK LEAVE s SINGLE MOTHERS s SKILL DEVELOPMENT s SKILLED WORKERS s SMALLER HOUSEHOLDS s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s TAX REDUCTIONS s TELEVISION s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYED PERSONS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNION s URBAN AREAS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABLE POPULATIONS s WAGE GROWTH s WORKER s WORKERS s WORKFORCE s WORKING POPULATION s YOUNG ADULTS s YOUNG WORKERS s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT English en_US This brief expands the scarce literature on the impact of the global financial crisis on labor market outcomes and welfare in the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS). The brief focuses on the economy of St. Lucia, one of the OECS member states. The statistical information assembled here should help decision makers and the public in the OECS to develop policy options that can sustain job creation and thereby enhance public welfare. It also can help gauge the effectiveness of policies over time. The evidence presented in this brief shows how the recent financial crisis had significant and long-lasting negative impacts on the welfare of St. Lucians. The government of St. Lucia attempted to use fiscal policy to boost growth and enhance labor market opportunities in the island. Still, unemployed and underemployed St. Lucians together accounted for over 40 percent of the working-age employable population. They suffered a significant decline in welfare in the aftermath of the crisis. They lost not only their income but also the collateral benefits that are often associated with being fully employed in good quality jobs in the “formal” sector of the economy 40 17-11-21 00:18:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868078 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21602 Volltext, Open Access

1759723487

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723487 OCoLC 1255594690 WBOKR 21595 EBP 064566242 KEP 064566242 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21595 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia's PNPM Generasi Program Final Impact Evaluation Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Jakarta 2011 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ACHIEVEMENT LEVEL s AGED s ANTENATAL CARE s ARCHITECTURE s ATTENDANCE RATE s BASELINE INDICATORS s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s BEHAVIOR CHANGE s BENEFICIARIES s BREASTFEEDING s CENTER FOR POPULATION s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD HEALTH SERVICES s CHILD LABOR s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD MORTALITY RATE s CHILDBIRTH s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOMS s CLEANLINESS s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY HEALTH s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s CONTROL GROUPS s DEMAND FOR SERVICES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISTRICTS s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION ACTIVITIES s EDUCATION FACILITIES s EDUCATION FOR ALL s EDUCATION OF CHILDREN s EDUCATION OFFICES s EDUCATION OUTCOMES s EDUCATION PROVIDERS s EDUCATION SERVICES s EDUCATION TARGETS s EDUCATIONAL SERVICES s EFFECTIVE POLICIES s ENROLLMENT OF CHILDREN s EVALUATION RESULTS s EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN s FAMILY PLANNING s FEMALE s FERTILITY s FIELD SURVEYS s FLEXIBILITY s FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS s FORMAL EDUCATION s GRADE REPETITION s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE s HEALTH BEHAVIOR s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH TARGETS s HEALTH WORKERS s HOME AFFAIRS s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s ILLNESSES s IMMUNIZATION s IMMUNIZATIONS s IMPACT EVALUATION s IMPROVEMENTS IN HEALTH s INCENTIVES FOR TEACHERS s INCOME s INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s IRON s JUNIOR SECONDARY s JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL s JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLING s JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS s KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEWS s LEARNING s LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LEGAL STATUS s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MARRIED WOMEN s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MIDDLE SCHOOL s MIDWIFE s MIDWIFES s MIDWIVES s MIGRATION s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s MOTHER s NEONATAL MORTALITY s NON-FORMAL EDUCATION s NUMBER OF CHILDREN s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s NUTRITION s NUTRITIONAL INTAKE s OUTPATIENT CARE s PATIENTS s PILL s PILOT PROJECTS s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POSTNATAL CARE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRA s PREGNANCY s PREGNANT MOTHERS s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRENATAL CARE s PRIMARY ENROLLMENT s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PROGRAM EVALUATION s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRAMS s PROGRESS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC POLICY s READING s READING SKILLS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SAMPLE SIZE s SANITATION s SCHOOL AGE s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOL BUILDINGS s SCHOOL ENROLLMENT s SCHOOL FACILITIES s SCHOOL FEES s SCHOOL MATERIALS s SCHOOL OFFICIALS s SCHOOL PARTICIPATION s SCHOOL SUPPLIES s SCHOOL SUPPORT s SCHOOL UNIFORMS s SCHOOL-AGE s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOLING s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SOCIAL POLICY s SOCIAL WELFARE s SPOUSE s TARGETING s TEACHER s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSPORTATION s TREATMENT EFFECTS s UNIVERSAL COVERAGE s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POVERTY s VILLAGE CHARACTERISTICS s VILLAGE MEETINGS s VILLAGES s VITAMIN A s WORKERS s YOUNG CHILDREN English en_US Indonesia has made remarkable strides in key human development indicators over the past few decades. Primary school enrollment is close to universal for both boys and girls, and the child mortality rate has declined rapidly. Furthermore, achievements in these indicators reveal large geographical disparities, with poorer outcomes in rural and remote provinces and districts. Improving access to basic quality health and education services is a key component of an overall poverty reduction strategy for Indonesia. The project builds on the Indonesian government's existing community-driven development program, known as the National Community Empowerment Program in rural areas (PNPM) or formerly, the Kecamatan Development Program (KDP). This document describes the findings from the three-wave evaluation series carried out from 2007 to 2010. The baseline survey took place from June 2007 to August 2007. The second wave was conducted from October 2008 to January 2009, after 15 to 18 months of Generasi implementation. The third and final evaluation survey was implemented from October 2009 to January 2010 after 27 to 30 months of project implementation 40 17-11-21 00:18:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868086 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21595 Volltext, Open Access

1759723495

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723495 OCoLC 1255594503 WBOKR 21598 EBP 064566234 KEP 064566234 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21598 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Toward More Effective and Legitimate Institutions to Handle Problems of Justice in Solomon Islands Deborah Isser VerfasserIn aut Douglas Porter VerfasserIn aut Philippa Venning VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Solomon Islands s ABUSE s ACCOUNTABILITY s ADMINISTRATIVE APPARATUS s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESSES s AUTHORITY s BEST PRACTICES s BUILDING STATE CAPACITY s BUREAUCRACY s CASH BENEFITS s CENTRALIZATION s CITIZENS s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COLLUSION s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY GOVERNANCE s COMMUNITY LEADERS s COMMUNITY MEMBERS s COMMUNITY POLICING s COMPENSATION s CONFIDENCE s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONSTITUENCIES s CONSTITUENCY s CONSTITUTION s CORRUPTION s COUNCILS s COURT s COURTS s CRIME s CRIMES s CRIMINAL s CRIMINAL CASES s CRIMINAL JUSTICE s CRISES s DECENTRALIZATION s DISCRETION s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISTRICTS s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES s ETHNIC TENSION s EXECUTIVE GOVERNMENT s EXECUTIVE POWER s FAMILY VIOLENCE s FEMALE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FORMAL INSTITUTIONS s GENDER s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s GOVERNMENT AUTHORITY s GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS s GOVERNMENT MINISTRIES s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SYSTEMS s GROWTH RATE s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s HUSBAND s HUSBANDS s INCOME s INEQUALITIES s INHERITANCE s INITIATIVE s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL REFORM s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s JUDGE s JUDICIAL SECTOR s JUDICIAL SERVICES s JUDICIARY s JURISDICTION s JUSTICE s LEADERSHIP s LEGAL STATUS s LEGITIMACY s LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL AUTHORITY s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL GOVERNANCE s MAGISTRATES s MALE AUTHORITIES s MEDIA s MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT s MINISTER s NATION BUILDING s NATURAL RESOURCES s OFFENSES s PATRONAGE s POLICE s POLICE ADMINISTRATION s POLICE FORCE s POLICE OFFICERS s POLICING s POLITICAL ACCOUNTABILITY s POLITICAL COMMITMENT s POLITICAL COMPETITION s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL INFLUENCE s POLITICAL LEADERS s POLITICAL LEADERSHIP s POLITICAL PARTIES s POLITICIANS s POOR GOVERNANCE s PRIME MINISTER s PROSECUTION s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR PERFORMANCE s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SPENDING s RAPE s REMEDIES s REPRESENTATIVES s SANCTION s SERVICE DELIVERY s SEXUAL VIOLENCE s SOCIAL CLEAVAGES s SOCIAL DISINTEGRATION s SOCIAL GROUPS s SOCIAL NORMS s SOVEREIGNTY s STATE AGENCIES s STATE AUTHORITIES s STATE COURTS s THIEF s TRIAL s TRIALS s VICTIMS s VIOLENCE s VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s VOTING s WIFE s WILL s WIVES s WOMAN s YOUTH English en_US This policy note summarizes key lessons and conclusions from the World Bank's engagement in Solomon Islands under the justice for the poor program, which has been active in that country since 2009. It interprets what has been learned in connection with a question posed at the start of this program: what can be done to support more effective and legitimate institutions to handle problems of justice in Solomon Islands?. To answer this question, the note is organized around a set of three questions. First, what are Solomon Islanders' main justice concerns? Second, how are these concerns being handled today, to what extent are people satisfied, and why? Third, what can Solomon Islanders and their development partners do to improve justice outcomes? This note is an effort to shift the standard discourse on building justice institutions to a problem driven approach that seeks to grapple with the contextual peculiarities of Solomon Islands. The approach, which this note aims to illustrate, begins with an assessment of how problems are experienced by citizens and then examines how these issues are being handled by public authorities, whether secular, religious, chiefly, or kastom in nature. It then considers the conditions under which these authorities may work differently and also the likelihood that powerful players and citizens will invest in the forms of institutions needed to incrementally, but appreciably, deliver better results 40 17-11-21 00:18:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868094 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21598 Volltext, Open Access

1759723509

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723509 OCoLC 1255594784 WBOKR 21600 EBP 064566226 KEP 064566226 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21600 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Guinea-Bissau Country Economic Memorandum Terra Ranca! A Fresh Start, Summary World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Guinea-Bissau s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ADVISORY SERVICES s ARREARS s AUDITS s AVAILABILITY OF CREDIT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK POLICY s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEMS s BARTER s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BRIBES s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUDGETING s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL BASE s CAPITAL CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CARBON s CASH PAYMENTS s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s CASH-MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL BANK s CHECKS s CITIZENS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE MARKETS s CONSUMPTION PATTERNS s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORRUPTION s COST TO CONSUMERS s CREDIT FACILITY s CREDITS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT RELIEF s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DIVERSIFICATION s DONOR FUNDING s DONOR RESOURCES s DONOR SUPPORT s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC DIFFICULTY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE s EMPLOYER s ENDOWMENTS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES s ENROLLMENT s ENTREPRENEURS s ENVIRONMENTAL s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s EXPORTER s EXPORTERS s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTREME POVERTY s FAIR PRICE s FAMILY BUSINESSES s FARMER s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SKILLS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FISCAL BURDEN s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL REVENUE s FISH s FISHERIES s FISHING s FIXED CAPITAL s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FORESTRY s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT CAPACITY s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES s GREEN REVOLUTION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOST COUNTRIES s HOUSEHOLD INVESTMENT s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s INEQUALITIES s INFLATION s INFORMAL ECONOMIES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMED CHOICES s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INTANGIBLE s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT PLAN s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s JOB CREATION s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGITIMACY s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LEVY s LOCAL ECONOMY s LOGGING s MARKET ECONOMY s MINES s MONETARY FINANCING s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL INCOME s NATURAL CAPITAL s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NUTRITION s OIL s OIL PRICES s OPERATING COSTS s PENSIONS s PHYSICAL ASSETS s PHYSICAL CAPITAL s POLICY DECISIONS s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POLITICAL STABILITY s POOR ACCESS s POPULATION GROWTH s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s PRIVATE ENTERPRISE s PRIVATE ENTERPRISES s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTIVE INVESTMENTS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROFITABILITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SPENDING s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s QUALITY STANDARDS s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL WAGES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENTS s RESERVE s RESERVES s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RETURN s RETURNS s REVOLVING FUNDS s RISK MITIGATION s RULE OF LAW s RURAL COMMUNITIES s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SMALL FARMERS s SMALLHOLDER s SMALLHOLDER FARMERS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOURCE OF INCOME s STOCKS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATION s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX REVENUE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TIMBER s TIMELY PAYMENT s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPARENT SYSTEM s TREASURY s TURNOVER s UNION s URBAN AREAS s VILLAGE s VOTER REGISTRATION s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WAGES s WITHDRAWAL English en_US After decades of turmoil and instability, a period of calm and progress evolved in Guinea-Bissau in 2009. A military coup in April 2012 interrupted it. A fresh start is needed to alter the dynamics that kept Guinea-Bissau poor. In 2013, Gross National Income per capita was US$590. Average economic growth barely kept pace with population growth. In 2010, poverty at the national poverty line of US$2 a day was 70 percent; extreme poverty at US$1 a day was 33 percent. These numbers have increased from their 2002 levels and they are estimated to have increased further since 2010. It is time to make a fresh start and turn the page on anemic growth and poverty. Guinea-Bissau s elections of May and June 2014 are described by many observers as the freest and fairest in the country s history. Voter registration and turnout were at record-levels. The conditions for progress and stability are favorable. Guinea-Bissau is a rural economy, almost entirely dependent on a single cash crop: cashew. It is the main source of income for most of the country s poor. Cashew nuts are Guinea-Bissau s main export, accounting for 85 to 90 percent of the country s total exports. The balance of payments is dominated by cashew, on the export side, and food and fuel, among imports. The economy is open, with exports and imports by land and sea amounting to more than 70 percent of GDP. Shocks to cashew, rice and oil prices have a considerable effect on the current account balance. Official Development Assistance (ODA) makes a critical contribution to supporting the state budget. In 2011, Guinea-Bissau ranked 20th among the world s most aid dependent countries. Recently, policy mistakes aggravated an already dire situation. However, the 2014 cashew campaign was been better than the 2013 campaign, and the prospects for a pick-up in growth have improved 40 17-11-21 00:18:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868108 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21600 Volltext, Open Access

1759723517

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723517 OCoLC 1255594791 WBOKR 21599 EBP 064566218 KEP 064566218 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21599 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Guinea-Bissau Country Economic Memorandum Terra Ranca! A Fresh Start World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Guinea-Bissau s ACCESS TO BANKING s ACCESS TO BANKING SERVICES s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ADVISORY SERVICES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s ARREARS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK ACCOUNTS s BARTER s BENEFICIARIES s BRIBE s BROAD MONEY s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUSINESS PLAN s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL ACCESS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CARBON s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL BANK s CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION s CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s COOPERATIVES s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORRUPTION s CREDIT FACILITY s CRIME s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT RELIEF s DEFORESTATION s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DIVERSIFICATION s DIVIDENDS s DONOR SUPPORT s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC DIFFICULTY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMIC SITUATION s ECONOMICS s EMISSIONS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENTREPRENEURS s ENVIRONMENTAL s EQUILIBRIUM s ETHNIC GROUPS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPLOITATION s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXPORTER s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILIES s FAMILY INCOMES s FARMER s FARMERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL BURDEN s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FISH s FISHERIES s FISHING s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FORESTRY s FREE TRADE s GDP s GDP DEFLATOR s GDP PER CAPITA s GENDER s GENDER EQUALITY s GOVERNANCE REFORM s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT CAPACITY s GOVERNMENT FINANCES s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SAVINGS s GREEN REVOLUTION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS NATIONAL SAVINGS s GROWTH POTENTIAL s HOLDING s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME GROWTH s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INFLATION s INFORMAL ECONOMIES s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSTITUTIONAL REFORM s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INTANGIBLE s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INVESTING s KEY CHALLENGE s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LACK OF COLLATERAL s LDCS s LOCAL ECONOMY s LOGGING s LOW INCOME COUNTRIES s MACROECONOMICS s MARKET FAILURES s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRICES s MFI s MICRO-ENTERPRISES s MICRO-FINANCE s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION s MINES s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE PHONES s MONETARY FINANCING s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL INCOME s NATURAL CAPITAL s NATURAL RESOURCES s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s NUTRITION s OIL s OUTREACH s PHYSICAL CAPITAL s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POLITICAL STABILITY s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC GOOD s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL GDP s REAL WAGES s RECEIPTS s RECESSION s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCES s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s RENT SEEKING s RETURN s RETURNS s RULE OF LAW s SAFETY NET s SETTLEMENT s SHOCKS TO INCOME s SMALL BUSINESSES s SMALL FARMERS s SOURCE OF INCOME s STOCKS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s TAX s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERMS OF TRADE s TIMBER s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADING s TRADING BLOCS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TRUST FUND s UNION s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s VALUE ADDED s VENTURE CAPITAL s VILLAGE s WAGES s WEALTH s WITHDRAWAL English en_US After decades of turmoil and instability, a period of calm and progress evolved in Guinea-Bissau in 2009. A military coup in April 2012 interrupted it. A fresh start is needed to alter the dynamics that kept Guinea-Bissau poor. In 2013, Gross National Income per capita was US$590. Average economic growth barely kept pace with population growth. In 2010, poverty at the national poverty line of US$2 a day was 70 percent; extreme poverty at US$1 a day was 33 percent. These numbers have increased from their 2002 levels and they are estimated to have increased further since 2010. It is time to make a fresh start and turn the page on anemic growth and poverty. Guinea-Bissau s elections of May and June 2014 are described by many observers as the freest and fairest in the country s history. Voter registration and turnout were at record-levels. The conditions for progress and stability are favorable. Guinea-Bissau is a rural economy, almost entirely dependent on a single cash crop: cashew. It is the main source of income for most of the country s poor. Cashew nuts are Guinea-Bissau s main export, accounting for 85 to 90 percent of the country s total exports. The balance of payments is dominated by cashew, on the export side, and food and fuel, among imports. The economy is open, with exports and imports by land and sea amounting to more than 70 percent of GDP. Shocks to cashew, rice and oil prices have a considerable effect on the current account balance. Official Development Assistance (ODA) makes a critical contribution to supporting the state budget. In 2011, Guinea-Bissau ranked 20th among the world s most aid dependent countries. Recently, policy mistakes aggravated an already dire situation. However, the 2014 cashew campaign was been better than the 2013 campaign, and the prospects for a pick-up in growth have improved 40 17-11-21 00:18:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868116 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21599 Volltext, Open Access

1759723525

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723525 OCoLC 1255594474 WBOKR 21601 EBP 06456620X KEP 06456620X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21601 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Uganda Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes Accounting and Auditing World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Uganda s ACCOUNT s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTANCY s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK s ACCOUNTING POLICIES s ACCOUNTING PRACTICES s ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES s ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCOUNTS s ACCRUALS s AUDIT EVIDENCE s AUDIT REPORTS s AUDIT STANDARDS s AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s AUDITING s AUDITING PROFESSION s AUDITING STANDARDS s AUDITS s BALANCE SHEET s BANKING SUPERVISION s BANKING SYSTEM s BROKERS s BUSINESS ETHICS s BUSINESS LAW s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL BASE s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH FLOW s CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS s CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS s CIVIL PENALTY s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s CONSOLIDATION s COOPERATIVES s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s COST OF SALES s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT COOPERATIVE s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT UNIONS s CREDITOR s CREDITOR RIGHTS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY UNITS s DEBENTURES s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT TAKING INSTITUTIONS s DEPOSITS s DEPRECIATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS s EQUIPMENT s EXTERNAL AUDITORS s FAIR VALUE s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL REGULATION s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s GAAP s GOOD PRACTICE s GOOD PRACTICES s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDING s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCES s INADEQUATE DISCLOSURE s INFLATION s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INTERNAL AUDITORS s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS COMMITTEE s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s LACK OF COLLATERAL s LAWS s LENDING DECISIONS s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RISK s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL INVESTORS s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET RISK s MICRO-FINANCE s MIGRATION s MONETARY FUND s NATURAL RESOURCES s OIL RESERVES s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PEER REVIEW s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC FINANCE s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY CONTROL s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY STANDARDS s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s RETIREMENT s RETURNS s SALES s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES EXCHANGE s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES REGULATION s STATE ENTERPRISES s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGE LISTING s SUBSIDIARY s TAX s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERRORISM s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TURNOVER s UCC s URBANIZATION English en_US This second Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) Accounting and Auditing (A&A) assesses the degree to which the findings and policy recommendations of the first review have been implemented. The report identifies and assesses issues that have emerged after the first review. From these assessments, the World Bank team identifies the root causes of failure to implement the proposed recommendations. It makes policy recommendations aimed at further improving the quality of financial reporting, which should contribute to lowering the cost of borrowing and enhance private sector competitiveness; ultimately contributing to the attainment of Uganda s strategic objectives aimed at achieving; (i) inclusive and sustainable growth, (ii) job creation, and (iii) improved governance. These are themes in the 2012/2013 and 2013-2014 and Uganda National Budgets. Going forward, the above key policy recommendations should form the basis for a stakeholder driven Country Action Plan which should be regularly monitored to ensure it is effectively implemented. This will improve financial reporting in both the private and public sector and therefore play a role in enhancing transparency and accountability which are key ingredients in attracting private sector investors and thus lead to economic growth as well as improve on public service delivery 40 17-11-21 00:18:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868124 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21601 Volltext, Open Access

1759723533

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723533 OCoLC 1255594586 WBOKR 21597 EBP 064566196 KEP 064566196 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21597 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kurdistan Region of Iraq Economic and Social Impact Assessment of the Syrian Conflict and the ISIS Crisis World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Iraq Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS LEVELS s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCOUNTING s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s ANNUAL BUDGET s ARREARS s ASSISTANCE TO REFUGEES s BANK LOAN s BANKING SECTOR s BANKRUPTCY s BASELINE CALCULATIONS s BASELINE SCENARIO s BASIC NEEDS s BASIC SERVICES s BIDS s BLACK MARKET s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET CRISES s BUDGET CRISIS s BUDGET DATA s BUDGET DEFICITS s BUDGET LAW s BUDGET SUPPORT s BUDGET TRANSFERS s BUDGETARY RESOURCES s BUDGETING s CAPITAL BUDGET s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL SPENDING s CAPITAL STOCK s CAPITAL STOCKS s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL BUDGET s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET s CIVIL SERVANTS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION GOODS s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEBT ISSUANCES s DEBT STOCK s DEFENSE EXPENDITURES s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION s DISBURSEMENTS s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC BORROWING s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC GROWTH RATE s ECONOMIC GROWTH RATES s EDUCATION SERVICES s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES s ELASTICITIES s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENTREPRENEURS s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTER s EXTERNAL DEBT s FAMILIES s FARMERS s FEDERAL BUDGET s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL COST s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISCAL ACTIVITIES s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL COST s FISCAL CRISIS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL IMPACT s FISCAL IMPLICATIONS s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL TRANSFERS s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN FIRMS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FUTURES s GENDER s GLOBAL TRADE s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SPENDING s HOSPITAL SERVICES s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s ID s INDIRECT COSTS s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTING s INVESTMENT BUDGET s INVESTMENT CAPITAL s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT FLOWS s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT SPENDING s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s ISLAMIC BANKS s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s LABOR MARKET s LANGUAGE BARRIERS s LINE OF CREDIT s LOCAL ECONOMY s LOSS OF REVENUE s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC IMPACT s MACROECONOMIC MODEL s MACROECONOMIC SITUATION s MARKET PRICES s MARKET SHARE s MARKET TRADE s MFI s MFIS s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MICROFINANCE SECTOR s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY VALUES s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL ECONOMY s NATIONAL INCOME s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUTRITION s O&M s OIL PRICE s OPERATING COST s OPPORTUNITY COST s OUTREACH s OUTSTANDING LOANS s PENSIONS s PHYSICAL CAPITAL s POLITICAL STABILITY s PORTFOLIO s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROGRAM MANAGEMENT s PROGRAMS s PROVISION OF ACCESS s PUBLIC CAPITAL s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR SPENDING s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s QUANTITATIVE DATA s REFUGEE s REFUGEES s REGIONAL GOVERNMENT s RETURN s RISK FACTOR s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD NETWORK s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SALARY PAYMENTS s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONS s STRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL PUBLIC SECTOR s TRADING s UNCERTAINTY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNION s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WARRANTS s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US The development objective of the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) economic and social impact assessment is to provide the Iraqi Government with an impact analysis of the current crisis at the regional level. This will provide a foundation for international efforts to assist the KRG in its efforts to rally humanitarian support. The events which motivate this study include: the Syrian civil war, which began in 2011; and the insurgency of the ISIS (Islamic State in Iraq and Syria) group, which began in June 2014. The violence and atrocities associated with each of these two events caused tens of thousands to flee their homes and many chose the relative safety of Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI), as refugees from the Syrian conflict and as internally displaced persons (IDPs) from the ISIS crisis. These events took place in the context of the fiscal crisis, which caused about a 90 percent drop in fiscal transfers from the central government in Baghdad starting in early 2014. This report provides the government with a technical assessment of the impact and stabilization costs associated with the influx of refugees and IDPs. Impact refers to the immediate economic and fiscal effects on the KRG economy and budget, while stabilization cost refers to the additional spending that will be needed to restore the welfare of residents of the KRI. The report is the outcome of a process in which a World Bank team engaged intensively on the ground with regional government institutions and international partners to gather and mobilize data from disparate sources into a structured narrative and integrated technical presentation from which all stakeholders can draw to help them design and implement strategies for coping with the crisis 40 17-11-21 00:18:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868132 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21597 Volltext, Open Access

1759723541

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723541 OCoLC 1255594587 WBOKR 21596 EBP 064566188 KEP 064566188 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21596 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Myanmar Investment Climate Assessment Sustaining Reforms in a Time of Transition World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BANK s APPLICATION PROCEDURE s ASSET FINANCING s ASSET RATIO s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK ASSETS s BANK BORROWING s BANK FINANCING s BANK SUPERVISION s BANKING CRISIS s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING INSTITUTIONS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SUPERVISION s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BANKS s BOND s BOND ISSUANCE s BORROWING s BRIBE s BRIBES s BUSINESS ACTIVITIES s BUSINESS ACTIVITY s BUSINESS CENSUS s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS LOAN s BUSINESS LOANS s BUSINESS OWNERS s BUSINESS REGULATION s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL BANK s CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REGISTRATION s COLLATERAL REGISTRIES s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENT s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COLLATERAL RESTRICTIONS s COMMODITY s COMMODITY EXPORTS s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPANY LAW s COOPERATIVES s CORRUPTION s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT FACILITIES s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT INFORMATION SYSTEM s CURRENCY s DATA AVAILABILITY s DEBT s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT INSTRUMENTS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT PRODUCTS s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DOMESTIC BANKING s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICY s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EMPLOYER s EMPLOYERS s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENDOWMENTS s EQUAL ACCESS s EQUITY FINANCING s ETHNIC MINORITY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTER s EXTERNAL FUNDS s FINANCE ACCESS s FINANCE CONSTRAINTS s FINANCE CORPORATION s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR REFORMS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCING NEEDS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FIXED ASSET s FIXED ASSETS s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATE s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN FIRMS s FORM OF COLLATERAL s FORMS OF COLLATERAL s FREEDOM OF INFORMATION s GENDER s GENDER ROLES s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s GROWTH IN TRADE s GUARANTEE AGENCY s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s HOUSEHOLDS s INFLATION s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE CAP s INTEREST RATE CAPS s INTEREST RATE CEILING s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL FUNDS s INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL INTEREST s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT LOANS s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTMENT PURPOSES s LABOR FORCE SURVEY s LABOR MARKET s LACK OF ACCESS s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LAND AS COLLATERAL s LAND ISSUES s LAND POLICY s LAND RECORD s LAND TITLES s LIABILITY s LIBERALIZATION OF INTEREST s LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE s LINE OF CREDIT s LINES OF CREDIT s LOAN s LOAN APPLICATION s LOAN APPLICATION PROCEDURES s LOAN MATURITIES s LOAN MATURITY s LOAN PRODUCTS s LOAN SIZES s LOAN-TO-DEPOSIT RATIO s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET MECHANISMS s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MATURITY s MATURITY STRUCTURE s MFIS s MICROENTERPRISES s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MICROFINANCE SECTOR s MONEY MARKET s MORTGAGES s PERSONAL FINANCE s PERSONAL LOAN s PERSONAL LOANS s POWER OUTAGES s PRIVATE BANK s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR GROWTH s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTION CAPACITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s REFORM PROGRAM s REGISTRATION SYSTEMS s REGULATOR s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY SYSTEM s REMITTANCE s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RESERVES s RETURN s RISK MANAGEMENT s SALES GROWTH s SECURITIES s SETTLEMENT s SKILLED WORKERS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SOURCE OF FUNDS s STATE BANKS s STOCK MARKET s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TAX s TAX RATES s TAX SYSTEM s TERM DEPOSIT s TERMS OF LOAN s TRADE CREDIT s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVE s UNION s WOMEN OWNERS s WORKING CAPITAL s WORLD ECONOMY English en_US This is the first investment climate assessment (ICA) for Myanmar. The main objectives of this ICA are to: (i) provide an up-to-date and fact-based analysis of the business environment for the government and other stakeholders in Myanmar to help prioritize and contextualize the reform agenda, and (ii) to offer a baseline for future assessments of progress in terms of the investment climate reform agenda. As requested by the government, the Myanmar ICA will directly support the ongoing reform program. The government has requested an analytical foundation for the ongoing reform program, and a means for prioritizing the legal and institutional changes that are currently being initiated. This ICA is based on the 2014 Myanmar enterprise survey (ES). The Myanmar ICA provides a comprehensive analysis of the country's ES. The ES in Myanmar was carried out between February and April 2014, although significant work preceded and followed the survey itself. This ICA report is organized into four chapters. The first chapter provides an introduction into the context of Myanmar's challenges in terms of the overall economy and the investment climate in particular. The second chapter analyzes the main constraints faced by firms operating in Myanmar today, in particular the constrained access to inputs like finance, land, electricity, and skilled workers. The third chapter looks at policies the government has in place for overseeing the economy, such as firm regulations and taxation. The fourth and concluding chapter provides policy recommendations that follow from the analysis, in terms of the process of reform and the specific reform steps needed over the short and medium terms. The annex to this report provides details on the methodology of the ES 40 17-11-21 00:18:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868140 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21596 Volltext, Open Access

175972355X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972355X OCoLC 1255594698 WBOKR 21588 EBP 06456617X KEP 06456617X 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21588 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Benchmarking the Governance of Tertiary Education Systems World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Latin America & Caribbean s Academic Excellence s Academic Ranking s Accountability s American universities s Anti corruption s Civil service s Colleges s Decrees s Educational Development s Educational Planning s Federal government s Governance Quality s Governance reforms s Government Funding s Government authority s Higher Education Finance s Higher Education Funding s Higher Education Institutions s Higher Education Management s Higher education systems s Human Development s International Higher Education s Knowledge Society s Labor market s Ministry of Finance s Parliament s Policy Analysis s Research Report s Service Delivery s Student Achievement s Teacher s Tertiary Education s Tertiary Education Systems s University faculty s University leader s academic autonomy s academic freedom s academic programs s academic qualifications s academic staff s accreditation s accreditation system s admission policies s allocating public resources s anticorruption s authority s average performance s biology s block grants s budget management s capacity of tertiary education institutions s chemistry s civic engagement s constitution s corruption s country characteristics s course content s curriculum s decentralization s decision-making s decision-making processes s degree of autonomy s degree programs s development goals s economic development s economic growth s education governance s education policy s education services s employment s enrollment levels s expenditure s expenditures s financial audits s financial autonomy s financial markets s financial resources s financial rewards s free public education s good governance s governance dimensions s governance indicators s governance performance s governance reform s government agency s government officials s government regulations s government's policy s higher education s higher education development s higher education law s higher education system s human resource s human resource management s human resources s income s institutional autonomy s institutional capacity s institutional performance s international level s leading public universities s learning s legal framework s literature s low income countries s management of universities s mathematics s measuring governance s meritocracy s ministry of education s national Tertiary Education Authorities s national level s national objectives s nations s occupations s organizational autonomy s papers s performance criteria s performance measures s performance of tertiary education institutions s physics s policy reform s poor governance s poor performance s post-secondary institutions s primary goal s private institutions s private tertiary education s private tertiary education institutions s private universities s professional standards s professors s public agency s public funding s public funds s public institutions s public policy s public subsidies s public tertiary education s public tertiary education institutions s public universities s public] University s quality assurance s quality assurance systems s regulatory framework s regulatory frameworks s representatives s research capacity s research grants s research output s research performance s research universities s researchers s resource allocation s resource mobilization s scholars s social outcomes s teaching s technical assistance s technology transfer s tertiary education development s tertiary education institution s tertiary education management s tertiary education policies s tertiary education sector s tertiary education system s tertiary institution s tertiary institutions s tertiary systems s transparency s tuition s tuition fees s university autonomy s university governance s university leaders s university staff pha en_US This paper presents a benchmarking approach for analyzing and comparing governance in tertiary education as a critical determinant of system and institutional performance. This methodology is tested through a pilot survey in East Asia and Central America. The paper is structured in the following way: (i) the first part highlights the link between good governance practices and the performance of tertiary institutions (ii) the second part introduces the analytical approach underpinning the governance dimensions of the benchmarking tool and the specific indicators that could be used to develop relevant governance databases; (iii) the third and final part presents the results of two pilot surveys carried out by the World Bank in the East Asia and Central America regions in relation to the governance of the tertiary education systems and institutions of the countries concerned 40 17-11-21 00:18:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868159 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21588 Volltext, Open Access

1759723568

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723568 OCoLC 1255594805 WBOKR 21587 EBP 064566161 KEP 064566161 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21587 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Comparative Study of the Mining Tax Regime for Mineral Exploitation in Kazakhstan Samantha Dodd VerfasserIn aut Olle Ostensson VerfasserIn aut Bob Parsons VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s Corporate social responsibility s Customs Union s Economic Research s Excess profits s Excess profits taxes s GDP s Internal Rates of Return s Large mining s Life expectancy s Mineral Development s Mineral royalties s Mining policy s National Bank s Returns s Stock Exchange s Stock Exchanges s Tax Code s Tax Treatment s Tax avoidance s Tax exemptions s Tax incentives s Trading s Transparency s Transparency Initiative s Value added s Value added tax s WTO s access to information s accounting s adverse consequences s amortization s auction s auction system s auctions s audits s bank financing s benchmark s beneficiaries s bids s business development s business environment s capital investment s capital investments s capital outlay s capitalization s cash flow s central planning s coal s commercial contracts s commodities s commodity s commodity price s commodity prices s comparative analysis s competitiveness s conflicts of interest s copper s corporate income tax s corporate profits s country risk s current account balance s deposit s deposits s devaluation s developing countries s economic development s economic reform s equipment s excess profits tax s expenditures s exploration and mining s exploration and mining licenses s export tax s export taxes s exports s exposure s finances s financial statement s financial statements s fiscal policy s foreign companies s foreign exchange s foreign investment s foreign investors s fraud s gas s geological information s global market s gold s government debt s government funds s government policies s government policy s government revenue s government revenues s government support s holding s holding company s home countries s host country s human development s income s income tax s income taxes s industrialization s infrastructure investments s intellectual property s interest payments s interest rates s internal rate of return s international best practice s international reserves s international trade s investment decision s iron s iron ore s jurisdiction s jurisdictions s legislative framework s lender s lenders s level playing field s levies s liability s liberalization s local business s local economy s local government s loss of confidence s macroeconomic stability s market penetration s mine development s mineral exploitation s mineral investment s mineral legislation s mineral production s mineral reserves s mineral resources s mineral rights s mineral sector s minerals s minerals sector s mines s mining companies s mining company s mining equipment s mining industries s mining industry s mining law s mining legislation s mining project s mining projects s mining sector s mining tax regime s mining tax system s national mining s natural resources s oil s output s outputs s outsourcing s ownership interest s partial privatization s petroleum taxation s potential investors s precious metals s price fluctuations s private investment s privatization s production costs s profit margins s property rights s rapid economic growth s rate of growth s rate of return s rate of return for investors s refining s regulatory framework s regulatory regimes s remote areas s remote locations s reserve s reserves s resource rents s return s revenue streams s risk capital s shareholders s smelter s social developments s social investment s social investments s solid minerals s state-owned mines s subsidized housing s subsoil law s surrounding communities s tax s tax administration s tax audits s tax benefit s tax benefits s tax codes s tax collections s tax deductions s tax evasion s tax increases s tax law s tax laws s tax legislation s tax liabilities s tax liability s tax policy s tax provisions s tax rate s tax rates s tax regime s tax regimes s tax revenue s tax revenues s tax rules s tax system s taxable income s taxation s taxation rates s technological change s third party transactions s track record s trade policy s transition economies s turnover s uranium s wages s withholding tax s withholding taxes s zinc en_US Kazakhstan is rich in both minerals and hydrocarbons. While the hydrocarbons sector is relatively successful, the minerals sector has failed to achieve its potential. Despite large mineral reserves, very little investment has gone into the development of new mining projects and few foreign investors have been willing to invest in the sector. Almost all mines currently operating in Kazakhstan were already in operation in the 1990s, leaving a two decade gap in new mine development. Mining policy in Kazakhstan does not prioritize only revenue generation but aims at promoting employment, skills development and economic diversification. In order to achieve these goals Kazakhstan will have to attract foreign investment into the sector. There are several elements to the current mineral legislation and fiscal regime that are unusual in an international context and act as a deterrent to foreign investment. This report carries out a comparative analysis of Kazakhstan's mineral regime and makes recommendations on changes that could be made to the existing regime to bring it in line with international good practice. Kazakhstan's fiscal regime is compared to twelve other countries and to global trends in mineral regimes 40 17-11-21 00:18:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868167 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21587 Volltext, Open Access

1759723576

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723576 OCoLC 1255594792 WBOKR 21569 EBP 064566153 KEP 064566153 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21569 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Reforming Electricity Subsidies in Pakistan Measures to Protect the Poor Kristy Mayer VerfasserIn aut Sebnem Sahin VerfasserIn aut Mohammad Saqib VerfasserIn aut Thomas Walker VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource World Bank Policy Paper Series on Pakistan PK 24/12 Pakistan South Asia s AGRICULTURE s APPROACH s BALANCE s BASE YEAR s BATTERIES s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BUSINESSES s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s COAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION LEVELS s COST OF ELECTRICITY s DEBT s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ELASTICITY OF DEMAND s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY ACCESS s ELECTRICITY BILLS s ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY COSTS s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY LOAD s ELECTRICITY PRICE s ELECTRICITY PRICE INCREASE s ELECTRICITY PRICE INCREASES s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SECTOR REFORM s ELECTRICITY SERVICE s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY TARIFF s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s ELECTRICITY USAGE s ELECTRICITY USE s ELECTRICITY UTILITIES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FEASIBILITY STUDIES s FORECASTS s FUEL s FUEL OIL s GDP s GENERATORS s GEOGRAPHICAL AREA s GLOBAL TRADE s GOVERNMENT SUBSIDY s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s INCOME s INCOME ELASTICITY OF DEMAND s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME LEVELS s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INTERNATIONAL BANK s LIVING STANDARDS s MONETARY FUND s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL GAS s OIL PRICES s OPEN ACCESS s POWER SECTOR s PRICE CHANGES s PRICE ELASTICITY s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE OF ELECTRICITY s PROCUREMENT s PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY s QUANTITY OF ELECTRICITY s REAL GDP s REGISTRATION SYSTEMS s REGISTRY s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s RESULT s RESULTS s SAFETY NETS s TARGETS s TARIFF REVENUE s TARIFF REVENUES s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TAX s TELEVISION s USERS s USES s UTILITY FUNCTION English en_US As part of its energy sector reforms, the Government of Pakistan plans to reduce spending on electricity subsidies to 0.3-0.4 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) by mid-2016. The reforms will alleviate a major constraint on the government's budget. However, they will necessitate increases in the price of electricity, which have the potential to measurably reduce the welfare of the poor. The government will need to carefully design the price increases and provide associated compensation to avoid this outcome. This paper demonstrates that that it is possible for the government to protect the poor against most of the costs of the reform while at the same time improving the targeting of remaining subsidy expenditures. Measures that can be taken include targeting subsidies based on poverty scores and providing targeted cash compensation to poor households. The authors illustrate how these measures can be implemented, and estimate their associated welfare impacts 40 17-11-21 00:18:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868175 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21569 Volltext, Open Access

1759723584

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723584 OCoLC 1255594702 WBOKR 21564 EBP 064566145 KEP 064566145 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21564 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tanzania Economic Update, No. 6 The Elephant in the Room - Unlocking the Potential of the Tourism Industry for Tanzanians World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Tanzania economic update issue no. 6 Africa Tanzania s macroeconomic outlook s tourism English en_US The focus of this economic update is the tourism sector, which is clearly central to Tanzania s drive toward economic emergence. Riding on the country s bountiful natural assets, tourism is a fast growing sector that is not only providing jobs but is also bringing in much-needed foreign currency. This sector already benefits from substantial attention from the country s leadership, notably in the context of the national business council that recently prioritized tourism as a high growth industry and a major source of job creation. Nevertheless, more can be done to increase benefits so they can be felt more broadly across society. This update proposes three strategic directions towards achieving this goal: (i) the diversification of tourism activities, in multiple dimensions; (ii) further integration in to the sector of stakeholders such as local communities and small operators; and (iii) good governance in the management of fiscal revenues as well as in the use of natural assets. This update also assesses the current state of the Tanzanian economy. While recent developments remain globally positive with high and stable GDP growth and with the inflation rate currently in check, fiscal risks for Tanzania have been growing. During the last fiscal year, the Government missed its revenue targets and was forced to cut priority expenditures and accumulate arrears with contractors and pension funds 40 17-11-21 00:18:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868183 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21564 Volltext, Open Access

1759723592

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723592 OCoLC 1255594764 WBOKR 21562 EBP 064566137 KEP 064566137 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21562 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rwanda Economic Update, No. 7 Managing Uncertainty for Growth and Poverty Reduction World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Kigali, Rwanda 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Rwanda s Agriculture s Bank Deposit s Budget execution s Capital Expenditure s Constant value s Consumer Price Index s Consumer goods s Deficits s Deflation s Diversification of exports s Economic Development s Economic Developments s Economic Outlook s Effective Exchange Rate s Exchange Rate s Exchange Rate Policy s Exchange rate policies s Exchange rate volatility s Expenditure s Financial Sector s Financial Sector Development s Foreign direct investment s Foreign financing s GDP s Gini coefficient s Government expenditure s Gross Domestic Product s Gross value s Import s Import growth s Inflation s Inflation measures s Inflation rates s Interest Rates s Interest payments s International Development s Investment Policy s Macroeconomic stability s Macroeconomics s Mineral prices s Monetary Fund s Monetary Sector s National Bank s National Investment s Net exports s Oil Price s Poverty Reduction s Price fluctuations s Real Effective Exchange Rate s Recurrent expenditure s Risk Management s Risk transfer s Structural reforms s T-bill s T-bill rate s Tax s Tax revenue s Tax revenues s Total export s Total revenue s Trade Deficits s Trade Statistics s Treasury s Treasury bills s Treasury-bill rate s Uncertainty s Wages s accounting s agricultural practices s arrears s auction s balance of payments s bank assets s banking sector s base year s basket composition s basket of goods s bids s bilateral exchange rate s bilateral exchange rates s bond s bond issuance s bonds s budget implications s budgetary support s budgeting s capacity constraints s capital adequacy s capital goods s capital grants s capital market s capital market development s commercial banks s commodity prices s competitiveness s consolidation s consumer basket s consumption basket s consumption growth s core inflation s coupon s coupon rate s credit growth s debt s decentralization s deposit s depreciation s development strategy s disbursement s domestic borrowing s domestic currency s domestic demand s domestic price s domestic price level s durable s durable goods s economic growth s economic slowdown s equipment s exchange rate flexibility s exchange rate regime s exchange rates s expenditures s export capacity s export commodities s export competitiveness s export growth s export performance s external demand s external trade s feasibility studies s finances s financial crisis s financial management s financial market s fiscal deficit s fiscal policy s fixed capital s food price s food prices s foreign currency s foreign exchange s foreign exchange markets s global demand s government consumption s government investment s government spending s gross fixed capital formation s growth projections s growth rate s growth rates s import demand s import prices s imports s inflation objectives s inflation rate s inflationary pressure s information system s information technology s instrument s insurance s international price s international prices s international reserves s international trade s investment projects s issuances s land holdings s leading indicators s liquidity s liquidity management s loan s local government s low-income countries s macroeconomic performance s market information s market participants s maturity s monetary policy s monetary policy transmission mechanism s nominal depreciation s nominal exchange rate s nonperforming loans s oil prices s other currencies s outturn s price indexes s price inflation s price of oil s price volatility s private consumption s private investment s private sector s productivity s public expenditure s public investment s real GDP s real effective exchange rates s real exchange rate s relative price s relative weights s reserves s shortfall s shortfalls s slow growth s stable exchange rate s stable growth s standard deviation s supply side s total exports s total investment s total output s trade balance s trade deficit s trading s trading partner s trading partners s turnover s underdeveloped financial market s value added s weights en_US The Rwanda Economic Update reports on and synthesizes recent economic developments and places them in a medium-term and global context. It analyzes the implications of these developments and policies for the outlook for Rwanda s economy. Rwanda s economic growth recovered in the first three quarters of 2014. The economy grew 7.1 percent. Faster GDP growth reflected higher growth of the services sector, at 9.1 percent, up from 5.4 percent in 2013, when the economy suffered from the lagged impact of the 2012 aid shortfall. The first section on macroeconomic issues of this edition of the Rwanda Economic Update examines two key questions: What led to the growth recovery in the first three quarters of 2014, and what are growth prospects for 2014, 2015, and 2016? The growth recovery mainly reflected increased government expenditure, which boosted domestic demand such as private consumption and investment. The expansion of domestic demand was partially offset by lower external demand for Rwanda s traditional commodities. Higher government expenditure contributed to growth recovery in the services sector through government consumption of private services. Inflation declined throughout 2014, reflecting lower growth in import prices. The recent decline in oil prices is expected to contribute not only to lower inflation but also to more stable exchange rate, an improved balance of payments, and smaller electricity subsidies. The special focus section of this report identifies and quantifies risks in the agriculture sector, with targeted interventions that complement the lessons learned under PSTA 2/CAADP 1 to more effectively manage these risks and to achieve further growth in the agriculture sector 40 17-11-21 00:18:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868191 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21562 Volltext, Open Access

1759723606

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723606 OCoLC 1255594640 WBOKR 21519 EBP 064566129 KEP 064566129 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21519 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Investing in People to Fight Poverty in Haiti Reflections for Evidence-based Policy Making Observatoire National de la Pauvreté et de l’Exclusion Sociale VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Haiti Latin America & Caribbean s ABSOLUTE TERMS s ACCESS TO ASSETS s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCOUNTABILITY OF SERVICE PROVIDERS s AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AVERAGE GROWTH s AVERAGE INEQUALITY s BASIC HEALTH s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s CAPITAL ACCUMULATION s CARIBBEAN REGION s CHILD MORTALITY s CHRONIC POVERTY s CHRONICALLY POOR s CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE s CONSUMPTION DATA s CONSUMPTION POVERTY s COPING MECHANISMS s CORRELATES OF POVERTY s COVARIATE SHOCKS s CROP DIVERSIFICATION s DECLINE IN POVERTY s DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS s DEVELOPMENT GOALS s DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s DOMESTIC PRODUCTION OF RICE s DRINKING WATER s DROUGHT s EARTHQUAKE s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s EPIDEMICS s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTREME POVERTY s EXTREME POVERTY LINE s EXTREME POVERTY LINES s FAMINE s FARM ACTIVITIES s FARM ACTIVITY s FARM CROPS s FARMERS s FEMALE WORKFORCE s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FOOD AID s FOOD BASKET s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD NEEDS s FOOD POVERTY s FOOD POVERTY LINE s FOOD PRICES s FOOD SECURITY s FORMAL EDUCATION s FORMAL SAFETY NETS s GENDER INEQUALITIES s GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS s GINI COEFFICIENT s GROWTH PERFORMANCE s GROWTH RATE s HEADCOUNT POVERTY s HEALTH CARE SYSTEM s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HIGH INEQUALITY s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD PARTICIPATION s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX s IDIOSYNCRATIC SHOCKS s IMPACT OF SHOCKS s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME DATA s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME POVERTY s INCOME QUINTILE s INCOME SHARE s INCOME VOLATILITY s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY REDUCTION s INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINES s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LAND ACQUISITION s LEGAL STATUS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s MATERNAL HEALTH s MATERNAL MORTALITY s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NATIONAL POVERTY LINES s NATIONAL POVERTY RATE s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL SHOCKS s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PER CAPITA INCOME s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POLITICAL STABILITY s POOR s POOR COUNTRIES s POOR GOVERNANCE s POOR HOUSEHOLD s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR LIVING s POVERTY ANALYSIS s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY ASSESSMENT TEAM s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INDEX s POVERTY INDICATOR s POVERTY INDICATORS s POVERTY LEVEL s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY MAP s POVERTY MEASURE s POVERTY MEASUREMENT s POVERTY MEASURES s POVERTY POVERTY s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY PROFILES s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER s POVERTY STATUS s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE TRANSFERS s PROGRESS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC PROVISION s REMITTANCES s REPEATED SHOCKS s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK REDUCTION s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INCOME s RURAL INCOME GENERATION s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RURAL PHENOMENON s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POPULATIONS s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL RESIDENTS s SAFETY NET s SANITATION s SCHOOL FEEDING s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOIL EROSION s SQUARED POVERTY GAP s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUBSISTENCE s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s SUSTAINABLE POVERTY s SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION s TARGETING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRADE SHOCKS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEQUAL COUNTRIES s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POOR s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WATER SOURCES s WELFARE MEASURES s WELFARE QUINTILES s YOUNG ADULTS English en_US Despite a decline in both monetary and multidimensional poverty rates since 2000, Haiti remains among the poorest and most unequal countries in Latin America. Two years after the 2010 earthquake, poverty was still high, particularly in rural areas. This report establishes that in 2012 more than one in two Haitians was poor, living on less than $ 2.41 a day, and one person in four was living below the national extreme poverty line of $1.23 a day. Extreme poverty declined from 31 to 24 percent between 2000 and 2012, and there have been some gains in access to education and sanitation, although access to basic services is generally low and is characterized by important inequalities. Urban areas have fared relatively better than rural areas, reflecting more nonagricultural employment opportunities, larger private transfers, more access to critical goods, and services and narrowing inequality compared to rural areas. Continued advances in reducing both extreme and moderate poverty will require greater, more broad-based growth, but also a concerted focus on increasing the capacity of the poor and vulnerable to accumulate assets, generate income, and better protect their livelihoods from shocks. Special attention should be given to vulnerable groups such as women and children and to rural areas, which are home to over half of the population and where extreme poverty persists, and income inequality is increasing 40 17-11-21 00:18:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868205 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21519 Volltext, Open Access

1759723614

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723614 OCoLC 1255594641 WBOKR 21487 EBP 064566110 KEP 064566110 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21487 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Paraguay Diagnostic Review of Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy Volume 2. Comparison with Good Practices World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Paraguay s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNT HOLDER s ACCOUNT HOLDERS s ACCREDITATION s ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT s ADVERTISEMENT s ADVERTISEMENTS s AFFORDABILITY s AMOUNT OF DEBT s ANCILLARY BENEFIT s ANNUAL INTEREST RATE s ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING s APPROVAL PROCESS s ARBITRATION s ARREARS s AUTO INSURANCE s AVERAGE BALANCES s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK LOANS s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING INSTITUTIONS s BANKING LAW s BANKING PRODUCT s BANKING PRODUCTS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SERVICES s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKS s BEST PRACTICES s BORROWER s BORROWING s BROCHURES s CALCULATION s CALCULATIONS s CASH FLOW s CENTRAL BANK s CHECKBOOK s CHECKBOOKS s CHECKING ACCOUNT s CHECKS s CIVIL CODE s CONSUMER s CONSUMER COMPLAINT s CONSUMER COMPLAINTS s CONSUMER EDUCATION s CONSUMER LOANS s CONSUMER ORGANIZATIONS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMER PROTECTION LAW s CONSUMER RIGHTS s CONSUMERS s COOPERATIVES s COST OF CREDIT s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT BUREAUS s CREDIT CARD s CREDIT CARD DEBT s CREDIT CARD ISSUERS s CREDIT CARD PURCHASES s CREDIT CARDS s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT LINE s CREDIT PRODUCT s CREDIT PRODUCTS s CREDIT PROVIDER s CREDIT PROVIDERS s CREDIT REGISTRY s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISKS s CREDIT TRANSACTIONS s CREDIT UNIONS s CREDIT WORTHINESS s CREDITS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNTS s DEBIT CARD s DEBT s DEBT REPAYMENT s DEBTOR s DEBTORS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSIT PRODUCTS s DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s ECONOMIC RESOURCES s ELECTRONIC BANKING s ELECTRONIC PAYMENT s ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SYSTEM s EMPLOYERS s EMPOWERMENT s FEE STRUCTURE s FINANCE COMPANIES s FINANCE COMPANY s FINANCIAL COMPANY s FINANCIAL CONSUMER s FINANCIAL CONSUMERS s FINANCIAL COST s FINANCIAL CUSTOMERS s FINANCIAL EDUCATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL MATTERS s FINANCIAL PRODUCT s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL SAFETY s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR REGULATION s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SERVICES PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FOREIGN CURRENCY s GENERAL PUBLIC s GUARANTEE FUND s GUARANTOR s HUMAN RESOURCES s ID s INDEBTEDNESS s INFORMATION ON BORROWERS s INFORMATION ON CUSTOMERS s INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSTALLMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE POLICY s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURANCE SCHEME s INTEREST CHARGE s INTEREST CHARGES s INTEREST COST s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s JUDICIAL PROCESSES s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LEGAL AUTHORITY s LEGAL CONSTRAINT s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFE INSURANCE POLICIES s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOAN CONTRACTS s LOAN COOPERATIVES s LOAN PRODUCT s LOAN PRODUCTS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOW-INCOME s LOWER INTEREST RATE s LOWER INTEREST RATES s MARKET SHARE s MARKETING s MATURITY s MICROCREDIT s MINIMUM PAYMENT s MONTHLY INCOME s MORTGAGE s OUTSTANDING BALANCES s OUTSTANDING DEBT s OVERDRAFT s PAWN s PAWN SHOPS s PAYMENT SCHEDULE s PAYROLL DEDUCTION s PERSONAL CREDIT s PERSONAL FINANCE s POINT OF SALE s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE CREDIT BUREAU s PRIVATE CREDIT BUREAUS s PRUDENTIAL SUPERVISION s PUBLIC CAMPAIGN s PUBLIC CREDIT s RATE OF RETURN s RECEIPT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT CAPACITY s REPAYMENT SCHEDULE s REPAYMENTS s RESPONSIBILITIES s SALARIES s SALARY s SALE s SALES s SAVINGS s SAVINGS ACCOUNT s SAVINGS CERTIFICATES s SELF-REGULATORY AGENCY s SOCIAL NETWORKS s SOLVENCY s STAKEHOLDERS s SUPERVISION OF BANKS s SUPERVISORY AGENCY s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s TAX s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERRORISM s TOTAL COST s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPARENCY OF INFORMATION s TRUST FUND s TYPES OF LOANS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNION s USURY s VALUABLE s WAGES s WEB PAGES s WITHDRAWAL s WORTH English en_US This review of the Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy Framework (CPFL) in Paraguay was undertaken in response to a request for technical assistance in this area made by the Central Bank of Paraguay (BCP). The objectives were: (i) to assess the existing consumer protection and financial literacy framework by reviewing laws, regulations, and actual practices in Paraguay, and comparing it with international good practice; and (ii) to provide recommendations on ways to improve the level of financial consumer protection and financial literacy in the country. The Diagnostic Review provides a detailed assessment of the institutional, legal and regulatory framework for consumer protection in four segments of the financial sector: (i) banks and finance companies, (ii) financial cooperatives, (iii) insurance companies, and, - in reflection of the important role they play in Paraguay - (iv) non-bank agents and mobile payment providers. Its findings and recommendations cover six thematic areas: (i) Institutional Arrangements, (ii) Legal and Regulatory Framework, (iii) Transparency and Disclosure, (iv) Business Practices, (v) Complaints Handling and Dispute Resolution, and as a stand-alone section (vi) Financial Education 40 17-11-21 00:18:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868213 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21487 Volltext, Open Access

1759723622

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723622 OCoLC 1255594621 WBOKR 21486 EBP 064566102 KEP 064566102 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21486 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Paraguay Diagnostic Review of Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy Volume 1. Key Findings and Recommendations World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Paraguay s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE CHARGES s ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT s ADVERTISEMENT s ADVERTISEMENTS s ADVISORY SERVICES s AFFORDABILITY s ANNUAL PERCENTAGE RATES s ARBITRATION s ARREARS s ATM s ATM WITHDRAWALS s ATMS s AUDITS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKS s BENEFICIARIES s BORROWER s BORROWING s BUDGETING s BUDGETING SKILLS s CALCULATION s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL BANK s CHECKING ACCOUNTS s CHECKS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL TRANSACTION s CONSUMER s CONSUMER COMPLAINTS s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMER PROTECTION LAW s CONSUMERS s COOPERATIVES s COST OF CREDIT s COURT SETTLEMENT s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT CARD s CREDIT CARD DEBT s CREDIT CARDS s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT OFFICERS s CREDIT PRODUCTS s CREDIT PROVIDER s CREDIT PROVIDERS s CREDIT REGISTRY s CREDIT REPORTING s CREDIT RISK s CREDITOR s CREDITS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNTS s DEBIT CARDS s DEBT COLLECTION s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISPUTE RESOLUTIONS s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ELECTRONIC PAYMENT s ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SYSTEM s ELECTRONIC TRANSFERS s EMPLOYERS s EMPOWERMENT s ENTERPRISE FINANCING s ENTRY POINTS s EXCLUSIONS s EXISTING DEBT s FARMERS s FINANCE COMPANIES s FINANCIAL CONSUMER s FINANCIAL COST s FINANCIAL COSTS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL EDUCATION s FINANCIAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL LITERACY INITIATIVES s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL PLAYERS s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL REGULATION s FINANCIAL REGULATIONS s FINANCIAL REGULATOR s FINANCIAL REGULATORS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SERVICES PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL TOPICS s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FIXED ASSETS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FORMAL FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES s FORMAL FINANCIAL SECTOR s FORMAL FINANCIAL SERVICES s FRAUD s GUARANTEE FUND s HEALTH INSURANCE s INCOME s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME LEVELS s INDEBTEDNESS s INEQUALITIES s INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS s INFORMATION SHARING s INSTALLMENT s INSTALLMENTS s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE PREMIUM s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE SCHEME s INSURANCE SERVICES s INSURANCES s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVESTMENT PRODUCTS s LATE PAYMENT s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGAL REQUIREMENTS s LEVEL OF DEBT s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFE INSURANCE PREMIUMS s LIFE INSURANCES s LOAN s LOAN COOPERATIVES s MAINTENANCE CHARGES s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET SHARE s MARKET TRANSPARENCY s MARKETING s MASS MEDIA s MFIS s MICROCREDIT s MICROFINANCE s MINIMUM WAGES s MONEY LAUNDERING s MONEYLENDERS s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE LOANS s MULTIPLE LOANS s NATIONAL BANK s OUTREACH s OVERDRAFTS s PAWNSHOPS s PAYMENT HISTORY s PAYMENT SCHEDULE s PAYMENT SERVICE s PAYROLL DEDUCTIONS s PENALTY FEES s PREDATORY LENDING s PREMIUM RATES s PRICE STABILITY s PRICE TRANSPARENCY s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE CREDIT BUREAU s PRIVATE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC BANK s PURCHASES s RECEIPT s REGULAR INCOME s REGULATORY AUTHORITIES s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT CAPACITY s RESPONSIBILITIES s SALARIES s SALARY s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SMALLHOLDERS s SOLVENCY s SOURCE OF INFORMATION s STAKEHOLDERS s SUPERVISORY AGENCIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERMS OF CREDIT s TOTAL COST s TOTAL COSTS s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPARENCY OF INFORMATION s TRUST FUND s UNFAIR BUSINESS PRACTICES s UNION s USURY s USURY LAW s VALUABLE English en_US This review of the Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy Framework (CPFL) in Paraguay was undertaken in response to a request for technical assistance in this area made by the Central Bank of Paraguay (BCP). The objectives were: (i) to assess the existing consumer protection and financial literacy framework by reviewing laws, regulations, and actual practices in Paraguay, and comparing it with international good practice; and (ii) to provide recommendations on ways to improve the level of financial consumer protection and financial literacy in the country. The Diagnostic Review provides a detailed assessment of the institutional, legal and regulatory framework for consumer protection in four segments of the financial sector: (i) banks and finance companies, (ii) financial cooperatives, (iii) insurance companies, and, - in reflection of the important role they play in Paraguay - (iv) non-bank agents and mobile payment providers. Its findings and recommendations cover six thematic areas: (i) Institutional Arrangements, (ii) Legal and Regulatory Framework, (iii) Transparency and Disclosure, (iv) Business Practices, (v) Complaints Handling and Dispute Resolution, and as a stand-alone section (vi) Financial Education 40 17-11-21 00:18:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868221 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21486 Volltext, Open Access

1759723630

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723630 OCoLC 1255594806 WBOKR 21520 EBP 064566099 KEP 064566099 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21520 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Reconstruction and Recovery Planning in the Aftermath of Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Philippines s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ADB s ADMINISTRATIVE REGIONS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s ARCHITECTURE s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AUDITING s AUDITS s BANKING SERVICES s BANKS s BLANKETS s BUILDING CODE s CASUALTIES s CASUALTY s COLLAPSED BUILDINGS s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY GROUPS s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s CONTINGENCY PLANNING s DAMAGE ASSESSMENT s DAMAGE ASSESSMENTS s DAMAGES s DEVASTATION s DISASTER s DISASTER EMERGENCIES s DISASTER EVENTS s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISASTER PREPAREDNESS s DISASTER RECOVERY s DISASTER REDUCTION s DISASTER RESPONSE s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTER SITUATIONS s DWELLINGS s EARLY WARNING s EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS s EARTHQUAKE s EARTHQUAKE RECONSTRUCTION s EARTHQUAKES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMERGENCY CARE s EMERGENCY OPERATIONS s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EMERGENCY SHELTERS s ENGINEERS s EVACUATION s EXTREME WEATHER s EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS s FIRE s FLOOD s FLOODING s FLOODS s HOMES s HOSPITALS s HOUSE CONSTRUCTION s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSES s HOUSING CENSUS s HOUSING MARKET s HOUSING PROGRAMS s HOUSING PROJECTS s HOUSING PROTOTYPES s HOUSING SITES s HOUSING SUBSIDIES s HURRICANE s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSURANCE s INTERVENTIONS s LAND TENURE s LAND USE s LANDSLIDE s LANDSLIDES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MATCHING GRANTS s MUNICIPALITIES s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARDS s NEIGHBORHOOD s NEIGHBORHOODS s NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION s OCCUPANCY s OCCUPATION s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC BUILDINGS s RECOVERY OPERATIONS s REHOUSING s RELIEF s RENTALS s RENTING s RESETTLEMENT s RESOURCE MOBILIZATION s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s RURAL HOUSING s SAFETY s SAVINGS s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENTS s SITE DEVELOPMENT s STORM s SUBSIDIARY s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TEMPORARY HOUSING s TEMPORARY SHELTER s TEMPORARY SHELTERS s TRANSITIONAL SHELTER s TRANSPORT s TSUNAMI s TYPHOON s TYPHOONS s UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s VILLAGES s VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS s VOLCANO s WATER SUPPLY s WIND SPEED s WIND SPEEDS s WIND STORMS s ZONING English en_US This report summarizes the just-in-time advice provided by the World Bank to the government of the Philippines (GoP) immediately after Typhoon Haiyan. The Bank helped the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) develop the Reconstruction Assistance on Yolanda (RAY) plan, providing recommendations and sharing international good practice on key aspects of recovery and reconstruction, including institutional arrangements for recovery implementation, use of remote damage assessment, resilient recovery, and reconstruction of housing, buildings, roads, and other infrastructure. The report is divided into six chapters: 1. Rapid Damage Assessments: Using Remote Sensing Technologies and Risk Information to Help Determine Preliminary Reconstruction Needs 2. Buildings and Infrastructure: Good Practices for Resilient Reconstruction 3. Housing: Lessons Learned from Large-Scale Housing Reconstruction Programs 4. Building Back Better: Restoring Key Sectors, Local Economy, and Livelihoods 5. Roads and Bridges: Enabling Operational Continuity of Lifelines for Evacuation and Post - Disaster Response 6. Institutional Structures: Good Practices and Options for Effective Planning and Implementation of Reconstruction and Recovery. International experience shared through the engagement includes lessons learned from community driven reconstruction in Indonesia and Pakistan; shelter and housing recovery in Haiti; emergency reconstruction in Turkey; resilient infrastructure and hurricane contingency planning in Florida; resilient reconstruction of buildings in California, Haiti, Japan, and Turkey; remote damage assessment in Pakistan; and resilient road and highway management in East Asia and New Zealand 40 17-11-21 00:18:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986823X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21520 Volltext, Open Access

1759723649

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723649 OCoLC 1255594799 WBOKR 21488 EBP 064566080 KEP 064566080 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21488 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO SME Finance in Ethiopia Addressing the Missing Middle Challenge World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES s ACCOUNT HOLDERS s ACCOUNTING s AFFORDABLE PRICE s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF FINANCING s ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF FUNDING s ASSET PORTFOLIO s AUCTION s AUDITING s AUDITS s BANK ASSETS s BANK BRANCHES s BANK CUSTOMERS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR ASSET s BANKING SERVICES s BANKING SUPERVISION s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKING SYSTEMS s BANKS s BORROWER s BORROWING s BUSINESS ACTIVITIES s BUSINESS ANALYSIS s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUSINESS MANAGEMENT s BUSINESS STRATEGY s BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REGIME s COLLATERAL REGISTRY s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COLLATERAL SYSTEMS s COLLATERALS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s CREDIT ACCESS s CREDIT ANALYSIS s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT BUREAUS s CREDIT CONSTRAINED FIRM s CREDIT CONSTRAINT s CREDIT CONSTRAINTS s CREDIT FACILITIES s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT INFORMATION SYSTEM s CREDIT INFORMATION SYSTEMS s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT MARKET s CREDIT PROGRAMS s CREDIT PROVISION s CREDIT REGISTRY s CREDIT REPORTING s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT s CREDIT SCORING s CREDITOR s CREDITOR RIGHTS s CREDITWORTHINESS s DEBT s DEBT RECOVERY s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DIRECTED CREDIT s DISINTERMEDIATION s DIVERSIFICATION s DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS s ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYERS s EMPLOYMENT DYNAMICS s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENFORCEMENT SYSTEMS s ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXTERNAL FINANCE s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FACTORING s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL PRODUCT s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL SECTOR REFORM s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE ACCESSIBILITY s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FINANCING NEEDS s FLOW OF FUNDS s FRAUD s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROUP GUARANTEES s GROUP LOANS s GUARANTEE SCHEMES s IMMOVABLE ASSETS s INCOME GROUP s INCOME LEVELS s INFLATION s INFORMAL FINANCING s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s JOB CREATION s LACK OF ACCESS s LACK OF AWARENESS s LACK OF COLLATERAL s LACK OF KNOWLEDGE s LAWS s LEGISLATION s LENDERS s LENDING PORTFOLIO s LINE OF CREDIT s LINES OF CREDIT s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS s LIQUIDITY RISK s LOAN s LOAN AMOUNT s LOAN ANALYSIS s LOAN APPLICATIONS s LOAN APPRAISAL s LOAN DECISIONS s LOAN MATURITY s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOAN SIZE s LONG TERM FINANCING s LONG-TERM FINANCE s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MATURITIES s MFI s MFIS s MICRO ENTERPRISE s MICRO ENTERPRISES s MICRO FINANCE s MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTION s MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MICRO FINANCE SECTOR s MICRO FINANCING s MICRO-ENTERPRISE s MICROENTERPRISES s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MICROFINANCE SECTOR s NATIONAL BANK s NET LOSS s OUTREACH s OUTSTANDING DEPOSITS s OUTSTANDING LOANS s OVERDRAFT s OVERDRAFT FACILITY s PARTIAL CREDIT s PAYMENT SERVICES s PERSONAL ASSETS s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE COMMERCIAL BANKS s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE SECTOR COMMERCIAL BANKS s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFITABILITY s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC BANKS s PUBLIC CREDIT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC POLICY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REORGANIZATION s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RETURN ON EQUITY s RETURNS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MITIGATION s RISK PROFILES s SALES GROWTH s SAVINGS s SAVINGS ACCOUNT s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL ENTERPRISE s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TURNOVER s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNSECURED CREDIT s URBAN AREAS s VALUE OF COLLATERAL s VENTURE CAPITAL s WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP English en_US This study starts with a brief analysis of which firms are the main net job creators in Ethiopia and then focuses on the financing constraints of Ethiopian Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) as one of the key obstacles to job creation and growth. The study uses two demand-side and an ad-hoc supply side survey administered to 16 financial institutions. This survey allowed collecting data on the actual involvement of financial institutions with MSMEs, their perception of potential public policy approaches to enhance MSME access to finance and the adequateness of their current business models. The combination of both demand-side and supply-side analysis allows to gain a full picture of MSME finance practices in Ethiopia by connecting information on firm experiences with the reporting of financial institutions on their business practices. While there was already anecdotal evidence that small firms were lacking proper access to finance in Ethiopia, the value added of this study is to provide accurate empirical evidence of the existence of a missing middle phenomenon 40 17-11-21 00:18:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868248 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21488 Volltext, Open Access

1759723657

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723657 OCoLC 1255594819 WBOKR 21495 EBP 064566072 KEP 064566072 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21495 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Uzbekistan Strengthening the Horticulture Value Chain Dilshod Khidirov VerfasserIn aut Donald F. Larson VerfasserIn aut Irina Ramniceanu VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Uzbekistan vision 2030 background paper series Europe and Central Asia Uzbekistan s AGRIBUSINESS s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL AREA s AGRICULTURAL CROPS s AGRICULTURAL LABOR s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL POLICIES s AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE s AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS s AGRICULTURAL WORKER s AGROCLIMATIC CONDITIONS s AGRONOMY s ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY s ANIMAL HEALTH s APPLES s APPLIED AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s ARABLE LAND s ARABLE LANDS s AVERAGE COSTS s BARLEY s BASIL s CAPITA CONSUMPTION s CARROTS s CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS s CHERRIES s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s COMMODITY s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMERS s CORN s COTTON s COTTON PRODUCTION s CROP s CROP HARVESTS s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP PRODUCTS s CROPLAND s CROPPING s CUCUMBERS s CULTIVATION s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DIET s DISCOUNT RATE s DISEASES s DRIP IRRIGATION s DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEMS s DYE PLANTS s ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS s ECOLOGICAL ZONES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATES s EXTENSION s EXTENSION SERVICES s FAO s FARM s FARM FAMILIES s FARM INCOMES s FARM LABOR s FARM LAND s FARM MODEL s FARM PRODUCTIVITY s FARMER s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMING SYSTEMS s FARMS s FERTILIZER s FIELD CROPS s FLORA s FOOD PROCESSING s FOOD SAFETY s FORAGE PLANTS s FRESH FRUIT s FRUIT CROPS s FRUIT TREES s GARDENS s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GENETIC RESOURCES s GEODESY s GRAIN s GRAIN CROPS s GRAINS s GRAPES s GRAZING s GREEN VEGETABLES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS MARGIN s GROWTH IN AGRICULTURE s GROWTH RATE s HEAVY USE OF PESTICIDES s HECTARES OF LAND s HERBICIDES s HORTICULTURAL CROPS s HORTICULTURAL EXPORTS s HORTICULTURAL MARKETS s HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTION s HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS s HORTICULTURAL TRADE s HORTICULTURE s HORTICULTURE SECTOR s HUMAN CAPITAL s HYBRIDS s INNOVATION s INSTALLING DRIP IRRIGATION s INTEGRATION s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s IRRIGATED LAND s IRRIGATED LANDS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND DISTRIBUTION s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND PRODUCTIVITY s LAND RECLAMATION s LAND RESOURCES s LAND USE s LIFE CYCLE s LIVELIHOODS s LIVESTOCK pha English en_US Why produce a policy note on horticulture in Uzbekistan? There are several answers to this existential question, although they are not necessarily obvious ones. Agriculture, taken as a whole, constitutes a small and declining share of Uzbekistan s national income, and horticulture is a small share of agricultural income. Even so, it is an important source of income for the 4.7 million households that operate dehkan farms in rural and disproportionally poor communities. Horticultural products are grown on an additional 21 thousand larger private farms as well. Evidence in this note suggests that growing fruit and vegetables is among the most profitable activities on both dehkan and private farms and, over the last ten years, the incomes those activities generate comprised a growing share of national GDP. Horticultural export earnings have also surged in recent years, growing from USD 373 million in 2006 to USD 1.16 billion in 2010. Uzbekistan has special agro-ecological conditions that set it apart from most countries and provides the basis for its horticulture subsector. Like agriculture as a whole, the subsector benefits greatly from policies that support basic research in agronomy and post-harvest technologies, from policies that support private investment and efficient markets, and from policies that promote the good stewardship of natural resources. The policy note is centered on the horticultural subsector. However, because an effort is made to draw comparisons between the policy environment that prevails for dehkan farmers and private farmers growing horticultural crops and that which is relevant for private farmers growing wheat and cotton, the note touches on many sector-wide issues. Still, it is important to emphasize that this policy note should not be viewed as a general review of agricultural policies. Finding ways to adapt policy lessons from horticulture to improve agricultural productivity as a whole is a more ambitious task and one that requires broader analysis and discussion 40 17-11-21 00:18:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868256 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21495 Volltext, Open Access

1759723665

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723665 OCoLC 1255594580 WBOKR 21530 EBP 064566064 KEP 064566064 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21530 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Solomon Islands Towards Better Investment in Rural Communities World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Solomon Islands s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS s ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEMS s ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE s AGRICULTURAL SERVICES s AID s AID COORDINATION s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL REPORTS s ARCHITECTURE s AUDITOR GENERAL s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY COSTS s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET DOCUMENTS s BUDGET ENVELOPE s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGETING PROCESS s BUILDING CODES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLINICS s COMMUNITY AMENITIES s COMMUNITY COMMITTEES s COMMUNITY GROUPS s COMMUNITY LEVEL s COMMUNITY MEMBERS s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS s COMPETITIVE PROCUREMENT s CONFLICT s COST ESTIMATES s COST OF SERVICE s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION-MAKING s DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES s DESCRIPTION s DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT FUNDS s DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT s DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES s DEVELOPMENT PLANNING s DEVELOPMENT PLANS s DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s EFFECTIVENESS OF SERVICE DELIVERY s ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE ANALYSIS s EXPENDITURE DATA s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL ASSESSMENT s FEMALE s FEMALE PARTICIPATION s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FORMAL ECONOMY s GAPS s GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE s GRANT FUNDS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSING s HOUSING CENSUSES s HYGIENE s INCOME s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE POLICIES s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s LACK OF INFORMATION s LOCAL ADMINISTRATION s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MEDICAL SERVICES s MINISTERIAL COORDINATION s MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL PLANNING s NATIONAL PLANS s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE s PERFORMANCE OF GOVERNMENT s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLITICAL SUPPORT s POOR s POOR POLICY s PRIORITIES s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROGRAM EVALUATIONS s PROGRAMS s PROVINCE s PROVINCE-LEVEL s PROVINCES s PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATION s PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATIONS s PROVINCIAL ALLOCATION s PROVINCIAL BUDGET s PROVINCIAL DEVELOPMENT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PROVINCIAL INVESTMENT s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PROVINCIAL STAFF s PROVINCIAL SUPPORT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FUNDING s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SPENDING s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY CONTROL s QUALITY SERVICE s RDP s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REDISTRIBUTION s REDISTRIBUTION OF FUNDS s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL BUSINESS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL COMMUNITY s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL HEALTH s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INCOME s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL SERVICE s RURAL SERVICE DELIVERY s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SECTOR MINISTRIES s SECTOR MINISTRY s SECTOR PROGRAMS s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SOCIAL SERVICES s SPECIAL ACCOUNT s SUB-NATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL s SUSTAINABILITY s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSPARENCY s UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM s URBAN COMMUNITIES s VILLAGE s VILLAGE LEVEL s VILLAGES s YOUTH English en_US The aim of Solomon Islands Towards Better Investment in Rural Communities is to assist policymakers, program sponsors and implementers to make informed decisions about the design, financing, governance and overall advantages and disadvantages of programs that invest in small-scale infrastructure and income-generating opportunities for rural communities in the Solomon Islands. Completed in mid-2014, the report identifies ways to strengthen the current mechanisms for investing in rural service delivery by examining the three main types of financing for small-scale infrastructure and livelihood activities constituency, province and community-oriented funds in a national and global context across four key programs between 2008 and 2012. A summary of the programs is provided in Table 1. The report explores the following key components across the four programs: analysis and consolidation of sub-project data; local development planning; efficiency and effectiveness; accountability, transparency and dispute management; and sustainability 40 17-11-21 00:18:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868264 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21530 Volltext, Open Access

1759723673

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723673 OCoLC 1255594754 WBOKR 21547 EBP 064566056 KEP 064566056 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21547 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Reducing Financial Vulnerability to Natural Disasters in the Caribbean A Review of CCRIF's Operation After Its Third Season World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource The Caribbean catastrophe risk insurance initiative Latin America & Caribbean s ACCOUNTABILITY s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s AFTERSHOCKS s AGGREGATE EXCESS OF LOSS REINSURANCE s APPLICATIONS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET MANAGER s ASSET VALUE s ATLANTIC HURRICANE s BANK OPERATIONS s BONDS s BUDGETING s BUSINESS PLANNING s CAPITAL GROWTH s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITALIZATION s CAPTIVE INSURANCE s CAPTIVE INSURANCE COMPANIES s CASH FLOW s CATASTROPHIC EVENT s CD s CLIENT COUNTRIES s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMISSIONS s COMMON MARKET s COMPETITIVENESS s CORE BUSINESS s COVERAGE s CROP INSURANCE s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISASTER s DISASTER EMERGENCY s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISBURSEMENTS s EARTHQUAKE s EARTHQUAKES s ECONOMIC DOWNTURN s EIB s EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT s EMERGENCY RECOVERY s EMERGING MARKET s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FAULT LINE s FIDUCIARY s FINANCIAL INFLOW s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL RISK s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL STRENGTH s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FLOW OF FUNDS s FLOW OF INFORMATION s FOREIGN AFFAIRS s HURRICANE s HURRICANES s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE COVERAGE s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURANCE RISK s INSURER s INTANGIBLE s INTEREST INCOME s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INVESTING s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTMENT GUIDELINES s INVESTMENT INCOME s INVESTMENT MANAGER s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTMENT RISK s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s INVESTMENT · GUIDELINES s JURISDICTION s LACK OF COMPETITION s LIQUIDITY s MARKET CONDITIONS s NATURAL DISASTERS s NEW PRODUCT s NEW PRODUCTS s OPERATING COSTS s OPPORTUNITY COST s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s OUTSOURCING s PORTFOLIO s PREMIUM PAYMENT s PREMIUM PAYMENTS s PREMIUMS s PRIVATE BANKING s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC RELATIONS s RAPID GROWTH s RATE OF GROWTH s RATES s RECAPITALIZATION s REINSURANCE s REINSURANCE BROKER s REINSURANCE MARKETS s REINSURER s REINSURERS s RELIEF s RENEWALS s REPUTATION s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETAINED EARNINGS s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK EXPOSURE s RISK INSURANCE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGERS s RISK MITIGATION s RISK OF DEFAULT s RISK POOLING s RISK TRANSFER s SECURITIES s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDER EQUITY s SOCIAL INVESTMENT s SOFT LOAN s SOLVENCY s STORMS s SUBSIDIARY s SUSTAINABILITY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SWAP s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TROPICAL STORM s TROPICAL STORMS s TRUST DEED s TRUST FUND s TRUSTEES s UNINSURED LOSSES s VOLATILITY s WARRANTS English en_US This is the third review of the Caribbean Catastrophe Risk Insurance Facility (CCRIF) and covers its third season of operation; from June 1, 2009, to May 31, 2010. CCRIF was established in May 2007 as an independent, non-profit legal entity to pool catastrophe risks and provide CARICOM Members and Associate Members with rapid access to an infusion of liquidity in the event of a major hurricane or earthquake.4 Offering parametric insurance with payouts based on specific indicators of speed, location, and intensity, CCRIF was the world's first facility of its kind. Domiciled in the Cayman Islands, it is controlled by a five-person Board of Director s, which consists of one representative of the member countries, one representative of the donors that have contributed to the Multi-donor Trust Fund (MDTF) that supports the Facilicy5, one financial and one insurance technical expert, and an Executive Chairman appointed by the other four directors. This review assesses CCRIF's 2009-2010 operations and its challenges and opportunities going forward. While intended primarily for the Facility s Board of Directors, it is hoped that it will also be informative and useful to the participating countries, donors, and other stakeholders. The review also aims to contribute to on-going discussions within the broader disaster risk management community about the possibilities for scaling up CCRIF's role in the Caribbean and replicating or adapting its innovative model of ex ante disaster risk financing in other disaster-prone regions of the world 40 17-11-21 00:18:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868272 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21547 Volltext, Open Access

1759723681

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723681 OCoLC 1255594794 WBOKR 21504 EBP 064566048 KEP 064566048 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21504 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Senegal Economic Update, December 2014 Learning from the Past for a Better Future World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Senegal economic update no. 1 Africa Senegal s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCOUNTING s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURE s ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS s ARREARS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK CREDIT s BANK LIQUIDITY s BANKING SECTOR s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFIT ANALYSIS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPITAL ACCUMULATION s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL STOCK s CASH FLOW s CENTRAL BANK s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s COAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMERS s COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS s CREDIT RISK s CROP LOSS s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DAMAGES s DEBT s DEBT RATIOS s DEBT RELIEF s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE RATIO s DEBT SERVICES s DEFICITS s DEFORESTATION s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DOMESTIC COMPETITION s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC PRICES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC EFFECTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EMERGING ECONOMY s EMERGING MARKETS s ENVIRONMENTAL s EQUILIBRIUM s EQUIPMENT s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORT SECTOR s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTREME POVERTY s FACTORS OF PRODUCTION s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL POLICY s FISH s FISHERIES s FISHING s FIXED CAPITAL s FOOD PRICES s FORECASTS s FOREIGN BUYERS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FORESTRY s FRAUD s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT PRIORITIES s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH PROJECTIONS s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPLICIT SUBSIDIES s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTOR PROTECTION s JOB CREATION s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND REFORM s LEGAL RECOURSE s LENDERS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOCAL MARKET s MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK s MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMICS s MATURITY s MICROFINANCE s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MISMANAGEMENT s MOBILE PHONES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY SUPPLY s MONOPOLIES s NET EXPORTS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OIL s OPEN MARKET s OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS s OPPORTUNITY COST s OUTPUT s PARTIAL RISK s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL TAX RATES s PLEDGES s POLICY MAKERS s POPULATION GROWTH s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s POSITIVE EFFECTS s POVERTY REDUCTION s POWER PARITY s PRICE CONTROLS s PRICE INCREASES s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR RESPONSE s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PURCHASING POWER s RAPID EXPANSION s RATE OF GROWTH s REAL ESTATE s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL GDP s RED TAPE s REFORM PROGRAM s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCES s RESERVES s RETURN s RISK FACTORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAVINGS s SECTOR MINISTRY s SEED CAPITAL s SETTLEMENT s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL PROTECTION s STREAMS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TAX s TAX CODE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX RATES s TAX REVENUES s TAXATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERMS OF TRADE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL REVENUE s TRACK RECORD s TRANSPARENCY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNFAIR COMPETITION s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBANIZATION s VALUATIONS s VALUE OF EXPORTS s WAGES s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS English en_US Gross domestic product (GDP) growth was a disappointing 3.5 percent in 2013. It remained largely unchanged compared to 2012, reflecting a decline in cereal production and stagnation in the industrial sector. Services continue to drive the economy. The economic outlook for 2014 was more positive, but poor rainfall and the Ebola outbreak have forced downward revisions in GDP growth projections, now expected to reach 4.5 percent. The plan Senegal emergent aims to break with this trend, with a welcome focus on higher economic growth. However, its ambitions may exceed available resources and will likely depend on accelerated reforms and a strong private sector response. This first economic update begins with an overview of the macroeconomic situation in Senegal, starting with a review of 2013 before examining the initial results of 2014. After a brief look at the challenges posed by unemployment and poverty, the report turns to an assessment of the growth strategy. It presents analysis of past performance since 1990 in order to understand better what needs to be done differently. The report concludes with a few recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:18:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868280 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21504 Volltext, Open Access

175972369X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972369X OCoLC 1255594833 WBOKR 21494 EBP 06456603X KEP 06456603X 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21494 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Institutional and Fiscal Analysis of Lower-level Courts in Solomon Islands World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Solomon Islands s ABUSE s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACQUITTALS s ADJUDICATION s ADVISORS s ARREST s COLLAPSE s COMMON LAW s COMPENSATION s COMPLAINTS s CONFIDENCE s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CORRUPTION s COURT s COURT DECISIONS s COURT HEARINGS s COURT MANAGEMENT s COURT PROCESS s COURTS s CRIMES s CRIMINAL s CRIMINAL CASES s CRIMINAL PROCEDURE s CUSTOMS s DAMAGES s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s FAMILIES s FAMILY VIOLENCE s FEMALE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s GENDER s GOVERNMENT OFFICERS s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s IMPRISONMENT s INITIATIVE s INTEGRITY s INVESTIGATION s INVESTIGATIONS s JUDGES s JUDICIAL DISTRICTS s JUDICIARIES s JUDICIARY s JURISDICTION s JUSTICE s JUSTICES s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAWYERS s LEGAL SERVICES s LEGISLATION s MAGISTRATES s OFFENCES s OFFENSE s OFFENSES s OWNERSHIP RIGHTS s PENALTIES s PENALTY s POLICE s POLICE OFFICER s POLICE OFFICERS s POLICE RECORDS s POLITICIANS s PRISON s PRISON SENTENCES s PROSECUTION s PROSECUTOR s PROSECUTORS s SENTENCES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SEXUAL VIOLENCE s STATE COURTS s THEFT s TRANSPARENCY s TRIAL s TRIALS s UTILITIES s VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s WILL s WITNESSES English en_US Justice interventions in Solomon Islands over the last decade have focused largely on assisting Honiarabased state institutions in the form of a variety of capacity-building programs. This has included a heavy reliance on expatriate expertise positioned in central justice agencies. The National Judiciary has benefited significantly from this support, although to date the direct effects of increased assistance have not been felt in most parts of the country. In part this has been because of a heavy focus on processing the vast amount of criminal cases emanating from the 1998-2003 period of civil conflict, locally referred to as the tension. Matters related to the tension have occupied the time and resources of Honiara-based justice institutions, particularly the courts. As tension investigations and trials have subsided there has been a growing recognition of the limits of the capacity-building approaches adopted to date (see Cox, Duituturaga and Scheye 2012). Government, together with donor partners, has been grappling with future spaces and modalities of support. Since 2010, the World Bank Justice for the Poor (J4P) program has supported the Justice Delivered Locally (JDL) initiative of the Solomon Islands Ministry of Justice and Legal Affairs. The JDL initiative is aimed at reinvigorating local-level justice services to meet the demands of the 80 percent of the population living outside the capital, Honiara 40 17-11-21 00:18:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868299 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21494 Volltext, Open Access

1759723703

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723703 OCoLC 1255594835 WBOKR 21496 EBP 064566021 KEP 064566021 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21496 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Land Administration and Management in Ulaanbaater, Mongolia World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Mongolia s ACCESS ROADS s ACCESS TO LAND s ACCOUNTING s AFFORDABLE HOUSING s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIRPORT s AIRPORTS s ALTERNATIVE ROUTES s ASSETS s AUCTIONS s AUDITING s AUDITS s AUTOMOBILE s AUTOMOBILE USE s AUTOMOBILES s BOND ISSUANCE s BOOK VALUE s BORROWING s BUS s BUS ROUTE s BUSES s CAR s CAR USE s CENTRAL CITY AREAS s CITIES s COLLATERAL s COMMAND ECONOMY s COMMUTERS s DEBT s DEBT FINANCING s DECENTRALIZATION s DRAINAGE s DRIVERS s DRIVING s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EMPLOYMENT s EVASION s EXTERNALITIES s FLOOR SPACE s GREEN BELT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HIGHWAYS s INCOME s INFRASTRUCTURE COSTS s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERSECTIONS s INVENTORY s LABOR MARKETS s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND PRICES s LAND TENURE s LAND USE s LAND USE PATTERNS s LAND VALUE s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LEVIES s LICENSES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE s LONGER TRIPS s MARKET VALUE s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MIGRATION s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL DEBT s MUNICIPAL REVENUE s MUNICIPALITY s NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES s NEIGHBORHOODS s OPERATING EXPENSES s PATRONAGE s PEDESTRIAN s PEDESTRIAN ACTIVITY s PEDESTRIAN MOBILITY s PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC s PEDESTRIANS s POLITICAL COMMITMENT s POPULATION DENSITIES s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATIZATION s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROPERTY TAXES s PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HOUSING s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC OWNERSHIP s PUBLIC PARKS s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SAFETY s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSIT s PUBLIC TRANSIT ACCESS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS s PUBLIC USE s PUBLIC UTILITIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REVENUE COLLECTION s ROAD s ROAD CONGESTION s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SPACE s ROADS s ROUND TRIP s ROUTE s ROUTES s SANITATION s SETTLEMENTS s SHELTER s SPATIAL PLANNING s SPRAWL s STATE PROPERTY s STREET LIGHTING s STREETLIGHTS s STREETS s SUBSIDIARY s TAX s TAX RATES s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRANSIT s TRANSIT CORRIDORS s TRANSIT OPTIONS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TRANSPORTATION INVESTMENTS s TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS s TRANSPORTATION PLANNING s TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS s TRAVEL BEHAVIOR s TRUE s UNDERGROUND s URBAN AREAS s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN LAND MANAGEMENT s URBAN MANAGEMENT s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN POOR s URBAN SETTLEMENTS s URBAN SPRAWL s URBAN STREET s VACANT LAND s VEHICLE s VEHICLE ACCIDENTS s VEHICLE OWNERSHIP s VEHICLES s WALKING s WATER POLLUTION s WATER SUPPLY s WEALTH English en_US The City of Ulaanbaatar (UB) is undergoing a historic transformation toward market-driven urban development. This growth remains strongly influenced by city policy decisions that affect the supply and location of land for public and private uses. Private investment is concentrated in well-serviced land located in the central portion of the city and along major transportation corridors, which represent a small part of the total built area of the city. Mongolian law allows UB residents free access to land for residential use, which is commendable because it can reduce a substantial portion of the overall cost of housing. Due to these land allocations, however, low-density urban expansion has occurred along the urban fringes, which imposes heavy costs on transportation and the provision of basic utilities for city residents and omits an important possible source of revenue for financing these improvements. The current city administration clearly recognizes that urban land represents one of the most important assets under its guardianship and management. In particular, the administration is making a systematic effort to proactively manage land in the public interest. Notable achievements include: (i) a nearly complete, current accounting inventory of city-owned capital assets; (ii) surveying, mapping, inventorying, and auditing public-use land; and (iii) decisive administrative measures to stop and correct past practices of nontransparent and sometimes unlawful land allocations to private sector actors, and to protect public land from informal occupation. However, such reforms are incomplete, and the city administration s efforts are constrained by existing national laws and regulations and conflicting perceptions about land as a designated public entitlement for residential use. There are several outstanding challenges the city faces in improving the administration of land and supporting the function of urban land and property markets to support investment and economic growth 40 17-11-21 00:18:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868302 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21496 Volltext, Open Access

1759723711

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723711 OCoLC 1255594781 WBOKR 21489 EBP 064566013 KEP 064566013 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21489 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO A Practical Guide to Increasing Mining Local Procurement in West Africa Kaiser Economic Development Partners VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa West Africa s ACCOUNT s ACTION PLAN s ANTI-COMPETITIVE PRACTICES s AUDITING s AUDITS s BRAINSTORMING s BUSINESS CAPACITY s BUSINESS CONDITIONS s BUSINESS REGISTRATION s BUSINESS SUPPORT SERVICES s BUSINESS TRAINING s BUSINESSES s BUYERS s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s CERTIFICATES s CITIZEN PARTICIPATION s CIVIL SOCIETY s COLLABORATION s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s COMMUNITIES s COMPETITION LAW s COMPETITIVE PRODUCT s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSULTATION s CONSUMER GOODS s CONTACT POINTS s CONTENT DEVELOPMENT s CONTENT INPUTS s COPYRIGHT s CPI s CUSTOMS s DECISION-MAKING s DEPRECIATION s E-MAIL s ECONOMIC BENEFITS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT s ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING s EQUIPMENT s FACILITATORS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FRONT-END s GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION s INFORMATION DISSEMINATION s INFORMATION GAPS s INFORMATION SHARING s INITIATIVE s INSPECTION s INSTALLATIONS s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTERNATIONAL COMPANIES s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s JOINT VENTURE s JOINT VENTURES s LAWS s LEADERSHIP s LEARNING s LESSONS LEARNED s LICENSE s LICENSES s LOCAL PROCUREMENT s LOCALISATION s MANUFACTURING s MARKET OPPORTUNITIES s MARKETING s MATERIAL s MEDIA s MEDIUM ENTERPRISE s MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s MONITORING & EVALUATION s NATURAL RESOURCE s OPERATING ENVIRONMENT s PERFORMANCE INDICATOR s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY FRAMEWORKS s POLITICAL PROCESSES s PPPS s PREFERENTIAL s PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PROCUREMENTS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PURCHASING s QUERIES s R&D s REGISTRIES s REGISTRY s RELIABILITY s REPORTING s REPORTING SYSTEMS s RESULT s RESULTS s SALES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SPREADSHEETS s SUPPLY CHAIN s TARGETS s TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TELEPHONE s TIME PERIOD s TRANSPARENCY s USER s USERS s VALUE CHAINS s VERIFICATION s WEALTH CREATION s WORLD TRADE s WWW English en_US This document provides information, guidance and tools to support decision-making, planning and implementation of mining local procurement in West Africa, in particular at a country level. It can be used by individual role players as well as form the basis of consultative processes. The guide can also support regional harmonization relating to mining local procurement. This 2015 version of the Practical Guide to Mining Local Procurement in West Africa addresses questions that are commonly asked by governments, companies, and citizens in the region. How do we define and measure local procurement? Do we create a specific policy or legislation to encourage mining companies to buy more locally? If so, what do these look like, and what has led to successful outcomes in other countries? Do we pick winner productive sectors? How do we best support suppliers to develop the right capacities and standards to meet mine requirements? What institutional framework and which actors need to be involved to deliver? Rather than laying the main responsibility for increasing domestic sourcing on the mining sector, this Guide aims at promoting a multi-stakeholder approach, in which all actors have clear roles and responsibilities. This guide has been organised into eight modules that each address a set of related questions that have been consistently raised by role players 40 17-11-21 00:18:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868310 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21489 Volltext, Open Access

175972372X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972372X OCoLC 1255594807 WBOKR 21524 EBP 064566005 KEP 064566005 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21524 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Middle East and North Africa Epidemiology and Economics Intelligence to Inform Policy Decisions on Resource Allocation for HIV/AIDS Programs World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa s ABDOMINAL PAIN s ACCESS TO PREVENTION s ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME s ADOLESCENT s ADOLESCENT GIRLS s AGED s AGGLUTINATION ASSAY s AIDS PROGRAM s AIDS RELIEF s ALCOHOL s ALGORITHM s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s ANAL SEX s BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE s BLOOD SAMPLES s BROTHELS s CARE PROVIDERS s CARE-SEEKING BEHAVIORS s CASUAL SEX s CLINICS s COMMERCIAL SEX s CONDOM s CONDOM BREAKAGE s CONDOM PROMOTION s CONDOM USE s CONDOMS s CONFIRMATORY TEST s CONSENSUAL SEX s CONSISTENT CONDOM USE s CONTRACEPTIVE METHOD s CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS s CONTRACEPTIVE USE s CONTRACEPTIVES s COUNSELORS s COUNTRY OF ORIGIN s CULTURAL BARRIERS s DAILY PILL s DECISION MAKING s DIAGNOSIS s DIGNITY s DISCRIMINATION s DISEASE s DISEASE CONTROL s DISSEMINATION s DRUGS s EARLY SEX s EMERGENCY PLAN s EPIDEMIC s EPIDEMICS s EPIDEMIOLOGY s ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS s EXERCISES s FAMILIES s FAMILY PLANNING s FEMALE SEX PARTNERS s FEMALE SEX WORKERS s FIRST SEXUAL ENCOUNTER s FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS s GENDER INEQUALITY s GENITAL AREA s GENITAL ULCERS s GROSS NATIONAL INCOME s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH FACILITY s HEALTH SEEKING s HEALTH SERVICES s HIGH-RISK s HIV s HIV INFECTION s HIV INFECTIONS s HIV POSITIVE s HIV PREVENTION s HIV TESTING s HIV TRANSMISSION s HIV/AIDS s HORMONES s HOSPITAL s HOSPITALS s HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS s ILLITERACY s ILLNESSES s IMMIGRANTS s IMMUNODEFICIENCY s IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMED CONSENT s INFORMED DECISIONS s INJECTION EQUIPMENT s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION s INTERVENTION s ISOLATION s LABORATORY SERVICES s LEGAL STATUS s LOCAL COMMUNITY s LONELINESS s MALARIA s MARITAL STATUS s MEDICINE s MIGRANT s MIGRANT POPULATIONS s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MILITARY PERSONNEL s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s NUMBER OF SEX PARTNERS s OLDER WOMEN s OPINION LEADERS s PEER EDUCATOR s PEER EDUCATORS s PHARMACIES s PHARMACY s PILL s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY DISCUSSIONS s PREGNANCIES s PREGNANCY s PRETEST COUNSELING s PREVALENCE s PREVALENCE OF SYPHILIS s PREVENTION METHODS s PREVENTION STRATEGIES s PRIVACY s PRIVATE CLINIC s PRIVATE CLINICS s PUBLIC HEALTH s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE MOBILIZATION s RESPECT s RESTAURANTS s RISK BEHAVIORS s RISK FACTORS s RISK OF INFECTION s RISK POPULATIONS s RISK REDUCTION s RISKY BEHAVIOR s RISKY BEHAVIORS s RISKY SEX s RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR s SAFE BLOOD s SAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSION s SAFE SEX s SCREENING s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL EDUCATION s SELF-ASSESSMENT s SELF-PERCEPTION OF RISK s SERVICE DELIVERY s SEX s SEX PARTNERS s SEX WORK s SEX WORKER s SEX WORKERS s SEXUAL ABUSE s SEXUAL BEHAVIOR s SEXUAL BEHAVIORS s SEXUAL ENCOUNTERS s SEXUAL HEALTH s SEXUAL HISTORY s SEXUAL INTERCOURSE s SEXUAL PARTNER s SEXUAL PARTNERS s SEXUAL RISK s SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOR s SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION s SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS s SLEEP s SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION s SPOUSE s SPOUSES s STABLE RELATIONSHIPS s STIS s STREET CORNERS s SYMPTOM s SYMPTOMS s SYPHILIS s SYPHILIS TESTING s TB s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s THERAPY s TREATMENT s TREATMENT SERVICES s TUBERCULOSIS s UNAIDS s UNPLANNED PREGNANCIES s UNPROTECTED SEX s UNWANTED PREGNANCIES s UNWANTED PREGNANCY s URETHRAL DISCHARGE s USE OF CONDOMS s USE OF CONTRACEPTIVES s VAGINAL DISCHARGE s VIOLENCE s VOLUNTARY COUNSELING s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE POPULATIONS s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION s YOUNGER FEMALES s YOUTH pha English en_US This survey, the first of its kind in Djibouti, was based on linked anonymous HIV, syphilis and behavioral surveys to examine the magnitude and risk factors for HIV infection among female sex workers (FSWs) and long-distance truck drivers (LDTDs) 40 17-11-21 00:18:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868329 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21524 Volltext, Open Access

1759723738

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723738 OCoLC 1255594772 WBOKR 21503 EBP 064565998 KEP 064565998 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21503 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Enhancing Financial Capability and Inclusion in Morocco A Demand-Side Assessment World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Morocco s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES s ACCOUNT OWNERSHIP s ACCOUNT USAGE s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL SECTORS s AMOUNT OF MONEY s ANNUAL PERCENTAGE RATE s AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK BRANCH s BANK BRANCHES s BANK CREDIT s BANK LOAN s BANK PRODUCT s BANK PRODUCTS s BANK SERVICES s BANKING PRODUCT s BANKING PRODUCTS s BANKING RELATIONSHIP s BANKING SERVICES s BANKS s BASIC FINANCIAL SERVICES s BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS s BENEFICIARIES s BEST PRACTICES s BIASES s BONDS s BORROWING s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGETING s CALCULATIONS s CAR INSURANCE s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s CC s CHECKING ACCOUNT s CHECKING ACCOUNTS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPOUND INTEREST s CONSUMER s CONSUMER COMPLAINTS s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONSUMER LOANS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMER UNDERSTANDING s CONSUMERS s CONTRIBUTIONS s CONVENTIONAL BANKS s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT CARD s CREDIT CARD COMPANIES s CREDIT CARD COMPANY s CREDIT CARDS s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT PRODUCT s CREDIT PRODUCTS s CREDIT RISK s CROP INSURANCE s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s DAY-TO-DAY MONEY MANAGEMENT s DEBIT CARDS s DEBT s DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS s DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS s DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC CREDIT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION LEVELS s EDUCATION TRUST s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS s FAMILIES s FAMILY MEMBER s FAMILY MEMBERS s FINANCE COMPANIES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ACCESS s FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR s FINANCIAL BEHAVIORS s FINANCIAL CONCEPTS s FINANCIAL CONSUMER s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL ECONOMIST s FINANCIAL EDUCATION s FINANCIAL EDUCATION ACTIVITIES s FINANCIAL EDUCATION EFFORTS s FINANCIAL EDUCATION INITIATIVES s FINANCIAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS s FINANCIAL EXCLUSION s FINANCIAL GOALS s FINANCIAL HABITS s FINANCIAL INDUSTRY s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INTEREST s FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL LITERACY QUIZ s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL PRODUCT s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDER s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FORMAL FINANCIAL SERVICES s FORMAL LOAN s GENDER s GENDER GAP s HOUSEHOLD FINANCES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING FINANCE s INCOME s INCOME GROUP s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME SOURCE s INDEBTEDNESS s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFORMAL CREDIT s INFORMAL LENDERS s INFORMAL SAVINGS s INFORMATION SHARING s INSTALLMENTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE POLICY s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s KEY BENEFITS s KEY CHALLENGES s KNOWLEDGE GAPS s KNOWLEDGE LEVELS s LABOR FORCE s LACK OF KNOWLEDGE s LARGE BANKS s LENDER s LENDERS s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LOAN s LOCAL NEWSPAPERS s LONG-TERM SAVINGS s LOW INCOME s LOW INCOMES s LOW-INCOME s LOW-INCOME BORROWERS s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKETING s MASS MEDIA s MATH s MEDIA CAMPAIGNS s MFI s MFIS s MICROCREDIT s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MINIMUM BALANCE s MONEY MANAGEMENT s MONEY TRANSFER s MONEYLENDERS s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE LENDING s MORTGAGE PRODUCT s MORTGAGES s MULTIPLE LOANS s OUTSTANDING LOAN s OVERDRAFT s PAYMENT SERVICES s PENETRATION RATE s PENSION s PENSION PRODUCT s PENSION PRODUCTS s PERSONAL FINANCE s POOR CLIENTS s POSTAL BANK s PRIVATE PENSION s PROBABILITIES s PROBABILITY s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PURCHASES s QUESTIONNAIRE s REGRESSION ANALYSIS s RETAIL PRICE s SALES s SAVINGS s SAVINGS ACCOUNT s SAVINGS ACCOUNTS s SAVINGS GOALS s SAVINGS PRODUCTS s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SENIOR s SOUND FINANCIAL DECISIONS s STAKEHOLDERS s STOCKS s TRANSACTION s TYPES OF CONSUMERS s UNEXPECTED EXPENSES s UNION s URBAN AREAS s VALUABLE s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WITHDRAWAL s WOMAN English en_US Approximately 41 percent of Moroccan adults use a formal financial product or service. This places Morocco well above the average level of financial inclusion in the Middle East and North Africa, as well as above the average level in lower middle income countries (18 percent and 28 percent, respectively). Bank accounts are the most commonly used financial product, with 28 percent of adults reporting having a deposit or checking account. Microfinance institutions (MFIs) currently reach about five percent of the adult population, a finding consistent with supply-side data. Insurance is used by around 24 percent of the adult population in Morocco which is mainly due to mandatory insurance classes. Allowing, and advocating for branchless banking offers the potential to further expand the coverage of financial services and to reach the poor, rural dwellers, and women. Moreover, initiatives to bring women into the financial sector need to reveal and take into account, the substantial differences which can exist between men and women in their access, needs, and preferences of financial services 40 17-11-21 00:18:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868337 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21503 Volltext, Open Access

1759723746

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723746 OCoLC 1255594773 WBOKR 21501 EBP 06456598X KEP 06456598X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21501 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Enabling the Business of Agriculture 2015 Progress Report World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource s fertilizer supply s land registation s rural electrification s seed systems English en_US Enabling the Business of Agriculture 2015 is a pilot assessment report on the agribusiness sector enabling environment in 10 countries. This progress report covers the methodology, key insights and lessons learned from the pilot effort. Enabling the Business of Agriculture 2015 is a first step toward identifying areas and data sets that can be used to build indicators in subsequent phases of the project; the indicators will measure and monitor policies and regulations that impact how markets function in the agricultural sector. The 10 countries represent a range of geographic regions in different stages of agricultural development, as follows: Ethiopia, Guatemala, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, the Philippines, Rwanda, Spain, Uganda, and Ukraine. Data are current as of 31 March, 2014. Enabling the Business of Agriculture breaks down the agricultural value chain the full range of activities and services needed to bring a commodity or product from production to sale in the final market into different topic areas. Six of these topics were selected for study during the pilot year registering agricultural land, accessing financial services, strengthening seed systems, improving fertilizer supply, transporting agricultural goods, and selling agricultural goods. Another three topics were chosen for initial testing: contracting agricultural production, electrifying rural areas, and connecting farmers to information 40 17-11-21 00:18:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868345 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21501 Volltext, Open Access

1759723754

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723754 OCoLC 1255594800 WBOKR 21498 EBP 064565971 KEP 064565971 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21498 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Cameroon Economic Update, January 2015 Revisiting the Sources of Growth--Enhancing the Efficiency of the Port of Douala World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Cameroon s AIM s AMORTIZATION s AUTOMATION s BACKBONE s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BOTTLENECKS s BROKER s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESSES s CAR s CARGO s CARGO DWELL TIME s CARGOES s CERTIFICATE s COMMERCE s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMPETITIVENESS s CONGESTION s CONTAINERIZED CARGO s CONTAINERS s CUSTOM s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS BROKERS s CUSTOMS DECLARATION s CUSTOMS DUTIES s DEBT s DEBT SOURCES s DEPOSIT s DIESEL s DOCKS s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC MARKET s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXTERNAL FINANCE s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL PENALTIES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE SERVICE s FOREIGN MARKETS s FOREIGN TRADE s FUEL s FUEL PRICE s FUEL PRICES s GASOLINE s GENERAL PUBLIC s HANDLING s ID s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFORMATION ASYMMETRIES s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSPECTION s INSTALLATION s INSTALLATIONS s INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS s INVESTING s LANES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL OBLIGATION s LICENSE s MARITIME TRAFFIC s MARITIME TRANSPORT s MONETARY FUND s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s ONE-STOP SHOP s PENSIONS s PERFORMANCES s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s POLICE s PORT AUTHORITY s PORTS s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC DEBT s QUALITY OF SERVICES s RAIL s REFRIGERATED CONTAINERS s RELIABILITY s REPAYMENT s RESULT s SERVICES INFRASTRUCTURE s SHIPPERS s SITES s TARGETS s TAX s TELECOM s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADING s TRAFFIC s TRANSIT s TRANSPARENT WAY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT FACILITATION s TRANSPORTATION s TREASURY s TRUCKS s TRUE s USERS s VEHICLES s VESSELS s WAREHOUSE s WAREHOUSES s WORKING HOURS s WWW English en_US The Cameroon economic update aim at sharing knowledge and stimulating debate among those interested in improving the economic management of Cameroon and unleashing its enormous potential. The note offers another voice on economic issues in Cameroon, and an additional platform for engagement, learning, and exchange. It looks at the efficiency of the Port of Douala, the main entry for imports to Cameroon and two other landlocked countries (Central African Republic and Chad) of the communaute economique des etats de l'Afrique Centrale (Central African economic and monetary community) (CEMAC) region. This update provides policy recommendations on how to improve the efficiency of the Port of Douala. The report shows that the Port of Douala is one of the least efficient of the region and that in spite of efforts deployed over the last years, the objective to reduce the global dwell time to 7 days at the end of the 1990 has not yet been achieved. Others options to improve the efficiency of the Port of Douala include: the revision of the legal framework governing the Port, the improvement of the awareness of importers and brokers on trade procedures, the acceleration of the modernization of the Port of Douala, and the improvement of data collection and analysis of trade facilitation statistics. The report recognizes that implementing these reforms will require building consensus among various stakeholders and also overcoming the status quo practices and behaviors prevailing within the Port 40 17-11-21 00:18:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868353 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21498 Volltext, Open Access

1759723762

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723762 OCoLC 1255594795 WBOKR 21529 EBP 064565963 KEP 064565963 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21529 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Investment Climate Assessment 2014 Creating Opportunities for Firms in Cambodia Asian Development Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Phnom Penh 2015 1 Online-Ressource Cambodia East Asia and Pacific s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESSES s ADVANCED DEGREES s AUTOMATION s BANK LOAN s BANK OFFICE s BANKING SERVICES s BARRIER s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BRIBES s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS OPERATION s BUSINESS PRACTICES s BUSINESS PROCESSES s BUSINESS REGISTRATION s BUSINESSES s CAPABILITY s CAPITAL INTENSITY s CERTIFICATE s CERTIFICATES s CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s COAL s COLLATERAL s COMMERCE s COMPETITION LAW s COMPETITION LAWS s COMPETITIVENESS s CONNECTIVITY s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s COPYRIGHT s CORRUPTION s COST OF FINANCE s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT GUARANTEE FACILITIES s CREDIT INTERMEDIATION s CREDIT RATING s CREDITORS s CUSTOM s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS CLEARANCE s CUSTOMS DECLARATION s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DIVERSIFICATION s E-COMMERCE s E-COMMERCE LAW s E-PAYMENTS s ECOMMERCE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY INFRASTRUCTURE s EMPLOYMENT s ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTS s ENTERPRISE SURVEY s ENTERPRISE SURVEYS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTS s EXPANSION s EXPORT BASE s EXPORT MARKETS s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FACE-TO-FACE CONTACT s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCING ACCESS s FIRM SIZE s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN ENTERPRISES s FOREIGN FIRMS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GOVERNANCE INDICATORS s GOVERNMENT CONTRACT s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s GOVERNMENT SERVICES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HARMONIZATION s ICT s IMAGE s INCOME s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INNOVATION s INSPECTION s INSPECTIONS s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICE s INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s ISSUE OF ACCESS s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JUDICIAL ENFORCEMENT s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LACK OF ACCESS s LAWYERS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LENDERS s LICENSE s LICENSES s LICENSING s LINE OF CREDIT s LOAN APPLICATIONS s LOCAL BUSINESS s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MANUFACTURERS s MANUFACTURING s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES s MARGINAL REVENUE s MARKET ACCESS s MATERIAL s NEW COMPANY s NEW MARKETS s NEW PRODUCT s NEW TECHNOLOGY s OPERATING COSTS s OUTPUT s OUTPUTS s POLICY MAKERS s POTENTIAL INVESTMENT s PREFERENTIAL ACCESS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROFITABILITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s RAMP;D s REFORM PROGRAM s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY POLICY s REGULATORY REFORM s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s RELIABILITY s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RESULT s RISK MANAGEMENT s SALES REVENUE s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKET s SHOPS s SKILLS SHORTAGES s SMALL FIRMS s SME s SOCIAL WELFARE s START-UP s TAX s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAXATION s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRADE FACILITATION s TRANSMISSION s TRANSMISSIONS s TRANSPARENCY s VALUE CHAIN s VALUE CHAINS s WAGES s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS English en_US Over the past decade, Cambodia has more than halved its rate of poverty thanks to economic growth averaging 8 percent per annum, strong export performance, and positive changes to the investment climate. Cambodia is an attractive investment destination as it is strategically located at the center of Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), creating significant opportunities for integration into regional and global value chains. With a changing global environment, Cambodia is likely to face increasing challenges maintaining and expanding market access in a dynamic and highly competitive region. The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) recognizes the importance of enhancing the investment environment and has initiated a series of reforms. Progress has been greatest on trade facilitation, as reflected by the impressive improvement in Cambodias ranking on the World Banks logistics performance index (LPI). Despite the governments effort at introducing reforms to improve the investment climate, the business environment continues to hamper the competitiveness of firms in Cambodia. The RGCs rectangular strategy identifies the importance of automated trade and business processes, and the need for regulatory reform. The RGC is currently developing its industrial development policy 2014-2024 that deals with many of the issues raised in this report. The RGC will focus on broadening the manufacturing base, attracting new investment, and creating growth poles around the current manufacturing anchors 40 17-11-21 00:18:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868361 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21529 Volltext, Open Access

1759723770

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723770 OCoLC 1255594796 WBOKR 21508 EBP 064565955 KEP 064565955 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21508 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Laying the Foundation for a Robust Health Care System in Kenya Kenya Public Expenditure Review World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Kenya s FISCAL EXPANSION s FISCAL STIMULUS s FUNDING s HEALTH CARE DELIVERY s HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS s HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE s PERSONNEL s POVERTY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY English en_US Kenya is currently in an expansionary phase of its fiscal policy reflected in a widening primary deficit. The fiscal framework is marked by a significant fiscal expansion over the last three years, 2011/12 to 2013/14. The fiscal stimulus implemented in 2009/10 increased aggregate spending by 2 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However the envisaged fiscal retrenchment at the end of the program did not materialize and fiscal expansion continued with the general election in 2013. Aggregate expenditure averaged 25 percent and revenue at 18 percent of GDP. The fiscal deficit financed through debt is reflected in the doubling of the primary deficit (commitment basis) now in the range of 3.3 percent of GDP, and the rising stock of public debt from 37 percent to 43 percent of GDP (net of deposits), of which about half 22 percent was external debt in 2013/14. The fiscal developments have seen an increase in the share of debt service in total spending from 13 percent to 15 percent of recurrent spending, equivalent to 2.6 percent of GDP. Kenya s debt service is higher among East Africa Community (EAC) peers, 2 percentage points above Ethiopia and Rwanda, and 1 percentage point higher than Uganda and Tanzania 40 17-11-21 00:18:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986837X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21508 Volltext, Open Access

1759723789

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723789 OCoLC 1255594390 WBOKR 21507 EBP 064565947 KEP 064565947 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21507 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Decision Time Spend More or Spend Smart? Kenya Public Expenditure Review World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Kenya s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENDITURE s ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES s AGGREGATE EXPENDITURE s AGGREGATE FISCAL s AGGREGATE FISCAL FRAMEWORK s AGGREGATE SPENDING s ARREARS s AUDIT OFFICE s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK INVESTORS s BOND ISSUES s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET COMMISSION s BUDGET DATA s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET POLICY s BUDGET POLICY STATEMENT s BUDGET REVIEW s BUDGETARY PRESSURE s CAPITAL BUDGET s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL STOCK s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICES s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT MARKET s CREDITORS s CURRENCY COMPOSITION s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT COMPOSITION s DEBT INSTRUMENTS s DEBT INTEREST s DEBT LEVEL s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT STOCK s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DECLINE IN INVESTMENT s DEFICITS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT LIABILITIES s DEPOSITS s DISBURSEMENT s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC MARKET s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s EQUIPMENT s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE GROWTH s EXPENDITURE OUTCOMES s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL POSITION s FISCAL PRESSURE s FISCAL PRESSURES s FISCAL RETRENCHMENT s FISCAL STANCE s FISCAL STRATEGY s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL TRANSFERS s FIXED INVESTMENT s FOREIGN BORROWING s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN FINANCING s FOREIGN INTEREST s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENTS s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH POTENTIAL s HEALTH SECTOR s HIGHER INTEREST s HIGHER INTEREST RATES s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATE SPREAD s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL INTEREST s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTING s INVESTMENT DECISION s INVESTMENT PROCESS s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s LABOR MARKET s LEVIES s LEVY s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN REPAYMENT s LONG-TERM GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s LONG-TERM INSTRUMENTS s MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MAINTENANCE BUDGET s MARKETABLE ASSETS s MATURITY s MATURITY PERIOD s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s NATIONAL AUDIT s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s NATIONAL POLICY s NATIONAL POLICY OBJECTIVES s NATIONAL SECURITY s NATIONAL TREASURY s NEGATIVE SHOCKS s NET PRESENT VALUE s OUTPUT RATIO s PLEDGES s PORTFOLIO s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC BORROWING s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT RISK s RESERVE s RESERVES s RISK FACTORS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SHARE OF CREDIT s SHORT-TERM CAPITAL s SOVEREIGN BOND s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s T-BILL s T-BILL RATES s T-BILLS s T-BOND s T-BONDS s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX EFFORT s TAX EXPENDITURES s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX REVENUE s TAX SYSTEM s TAXPAYERS s TOTAL DEBT s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL SPENDING s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILL RATE s TREASURY BILLS s TREASURY BONDS s WEAK BUDGET EXECUTION English en_US Kenya is currently in an expansionary phase of its fiscal policy reflected in a widening primary deficit. The fiscal framework is marked by a significant fiscal expansion over the last three years, 2011/12 to 2013/14. The fiscal stimulus implemented in 2009/10 increased aggregate spending by 2 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However the envisaged fiscal retrenchment at the end of the program did not materialize and fiscal expansion continued with the general election in 2013. Aggregate expenditure averaged 25 percent and revenue at 18 percent of GDP. The fiscal deficit financed through debt is reflected in the doubling of the primary deficit (commitment basis) now in the range of 3.3 percent of GDP, and the rising stock of public debt from 37 percent to 43 percent of GDP (net of deposits), of which about half 22 percent was external debt in 2013/14. The fiscal developments have seen an increase in the share of debt service in total spending from 13 percent to 15 percent of recurrent spending, equivalent to 2.6 percent of GDP. Kenya s debt service is higher among East Africa Community (EAC) peers, 2 percentage points above Ethiopia and Rwanda, and 1 percentage point higher than Uganda and Tanzania 40 17-11-21 00:18:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868388 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21507 Volltext, Open Access

1759723797

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723797 OCoLC 1255594391 WBOKR 21531 EBP 064565939 KEP 064565939 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21531 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Serbia Judicial Functional Review World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Serbia s ACCESS TO JUSTICE s ACCESS TO JUSTICE s ACCESS TO JUSTICE s ACCESS TO JUSTICE s ADMINISTRATIVE LAW s ADOPTION s ALIMONY s BAILIFF s BAILIFFS s BENEFIT s BENEFITS s BIASED LAWS s CASE LAW s CHILD s CHILD CUSTODY s CHILDREN s CIVIL LAW s CIVIL RIGHTS s COMPENSATION s COMPENSATIONS s CONSTITUTIONAL COURT s CORRUPTION s COURT s COURTS s CRIME s CRIMES s CRIMINAL s CRIMINAL LAWS s CUSTODY s DAMAGE s DAMAGES s DETAINEES s DISABILITIES s DISABILITY s DISCRIMINATION s DISMISSAL s DISMISSALS s DIVORCE s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s EQUALITY s EU s FAMILY s FAMILY LAW s FAMILY VIOLENCE s FAMILY VIOLENCE s FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS s GENDER s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER EQUITY s HOME s HOUSE s HUMAN RIGHTS s IMPLEMENTATION OF LAW s IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS s IMPRISONMENT s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s JUDGE s JUDGES s JUDICIAL REFORM s JUSTICE s LABOR LAW s LAW s LAWS s LAYOFFS s LEGAL AID s LEGAL CHALLENGE s LEGAL CHANGES s LEGAL REFORM s LEGAL REFORMS s LEGAL SERVICES s LEGISLATION s LIBERTY s LITERACY s NOTARIES s NOTARY s OFFENCE s OFFENCES s OFFENDER s OFFENSE s OFFENSES s PARTNERS s PENSIONS s PRISON s PRISONER s PRISONERS s PRISONS s PRIVACY s PROPERTY s REFUGEES s RESIDENCE s RULE OF LAW s SANCTION s SANCTIONS s VICTIM s VICTIMS s WAR CRIME s WAR CRIMES s WILL s WOMAN s WOMEN English en_US This functional review presents a comprehensive assessment of the current functioning of Serbia's judicial system, along with options and recommendations to inform Serbia's justice reform initiatives in view of the requirements of Chapter 23 of the Acquis Communautaire. The review comprises an external performance assessment and an internal performance assessment. The external performance assessment (Part 1) examines how well the Serbian judicial system serves its citizens in terms of efficiency, quality, and access to justice services. The internal performance assessment (Part 2) examines the inner workings of the system, and how governance and management, financial and human resources, ICT, and infrastructure are managed for service delivery. A distinct feature of this Review is its emphasis on data and analysis. The data collection was undertaken in the first half of 2014, and the preliminary findings were discussed with stakeholders and international partners through July, August and September of 2014. Overall, Serbia's judicial system performs at a lower standard than that of EU Member States. Of the many findings and recommendations outlined in the Report, the Functional Review team suggests that leaders focus on the following seven priorities which can set the Serbian judiciary on a critical path to performance improvement: 1) Develop a performance framework that tracks the performance of courts and PPOs against a targeted list of key performance indicators; 2) Ensure that courts use the full functionality of their case management systems to improve consistency of practice and support evidence-based decision-making; 3) Develop a comprehensive continuing training program for judges, prosecutors and court staff; 4) Reform procedural laws to simplify the service of process, and start simplifying business processes; 5) Eliminate the backlog of old utility bill enforcement cases; 6) Develop a more realistic budget within the existing resource envelope; and 7) Adjust the resource mix over time by gradually reducing the wage bill and increasing investments in productivity and innovation. This report was funded by the Multi-Donor Trust Fund for Justice Sector Support in Serbia (MDTF-JSS) 40 17-11-21 00:18:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868396 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21531 Volltext, Open Access

1759723800

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723800 OCoLC 1255594475 WBOKR 21510 EBP 064565920 KEP 064565920 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21510 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Mapping the Way through the Court and Enforcement Procedures in Serbia World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Serbia s ACCURATE INFORMATION s APPELLATE COURTS s ASSETS s ATTORNEYS s BAILIFF s BAILIFFS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s CENTRAL BANK s CHILD CUSTODY s CIVIL PROCEDURE s CLAIM s COMMERCIAL COURT s COMPENSATION s COMPETENT COURT s CORRUPTION s COURT s COURT DECISION s COURT DECISIONS s COURT PRACTICE s COURT PROCEEDINGS s COURT SCHEDULES s COURTS s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s CRIME s CRIMINAL s CRIMINAL COURTS s CRIMINAL PROCEDURE s CURRENCY s DAMAGES s DEBT s DEBTOR s DEBTORS s DEPOSITS s DETENTION s DISABILITY s DISMISSAL s DIVORCE s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s ENFORCEMENT OF JUDGMENT s ENFORCEMENT OF JUDGMENTS s ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURE s ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES s ESTATE s EU s EXCHANGE RATE s FAMILIES s FAMILY VIOLENCE s FINAL JUDGMENT s HOLDING s IMPRISONMENT s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s JUDGE s JUDGEMENT s JUDGES s JUDGMENT s JUDGMENT CREDITOR s JUDGMENT DEBTORS s JUDGMENTS s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s JUDICIARY s JURISDICTION s JUSTICE s LAWS s LEGAL ENTITIES s LEGAL PERSON s LEGAL PERSONS s LEGAL PROCEEDING s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s MOBILE PHONE s MOVEABLE PROPERTY s NATIONAL BANK s OFFENSE s PENSION s PLEA BARGAINING s POLICE s POSSESSION s PRISON s PRISON OVERCROWDING s PRIVACY s RESIDENCE s RETURN s SANCTION s SANCTIONS s SAVINGS DEPOSITS s SENTENCES s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT OF CLAIMS s TESTIMONY s TRANSPARENT SYSTEM s TRIALS s TRUST FUND s VICTIMS s VIOLENT CRIMES s WILL s WITNESS s WITNESSES English en_US This report complements the Serbia Judicial Functional Review, which assesses the current functioning of the broader judicial system in Serbia and outlines options and recommendations to inform Serbia s ongoing and planned justice reform initiatives in the view of EU accession.1 The aim of this report, however, is to illustrate the steps court users take in order to protect their interests through procedures carried out by courts or bailiffs. The focus is on the difference between the procedure on the books and actual practice. The report analyses these differences in specific types of cases, which had been identified by stakeholders as potentially challenging for those seeking justice:: (1) cases of domestic violence processed by criminal courts, both under the Criminal Procedure Code that was in force from 2001 to 30 September 2013 and under the Criminal Procedure Code which entered into force on 1 October 2013; (2) divorce proceedings, primarily those initiated by alleged victims of domestic violence, together with separate procedures that apply to requests for protective interim measures; (3) cases where one party requests eviction, including both civil proceedings carried out in accordance with the Civil Procedure Code and enforcement proceedings that might follow such proceedings; (4) special enforcement proceedings for settlement of claims in the area of utilities and similar services, which are, after the adoption of the 2011 Act on Enforcement and Security, carried out exclusively by private bailiffs, introduced by this Act. Although the research focused on the functioning of the judicial system in those types of cases, some of its findings inevitably apply to criminal and civil proceedings in general, as well as to certain enforcement proceedings 40 17-11-21 00:18:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986840X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21510 Volltext, Open Access

1759723819

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723819 OCoLC 1255594783 WBOKR 21542 EBP 064565912 KEP 064565912 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21542 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Nicaragua Agriculture Public Expenditure Review World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Nicaragua s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL INCOMES s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL SERVICES s AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY s AGRICULTURAL WAGE s AGRICULTURAL WAGES s AID TO AGRICULTURE s ALLOCATION s AUDIT SYSTEM s BASIC SERVICES s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFITS INCIDENCE s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CYCLE s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET SUPPORT s BUDGET SYSTEMS s BUDGET TRANSFERS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICES s COMMUNITY FORESTRY s CONFLICT s DISTRIBUTION OF BENEFITS s DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS s DONOR AGENCIES s DONOR COORDINATION s DONOR FINANCING s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ELASTICITIES s EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE s EXPENDITURE LEVELS s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTREME POVERTY s FARM ACTIVITIES s FARM INCOME s FARMERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL OPERATIONS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL ADJUSTMENTS s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FISCAL INCENTIVES s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD POLICY s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SECURITY s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH MINISTRY s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROWTH s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTERNAL BUDGET s IRRIGATION s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND TITLING s LICENSES s MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MALNUTRITION s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MUNICIPAL LEVEL s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN s NATIONAL ECONOMY s NATIONAL INCOME s NATIONAL POLICIES s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NONFARM INCOME s NUTRITION s PERFORMANCE BUDGETING s PERFORMANCE INDEX s POOR s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR INFRASTRUCTURE s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY ALLEVIATION STRATEGY s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY FOCUS s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY SITUATION s PRIVATE GOODS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROGRAM BUDGETING s PROGRAM REVIEWS s PROGRAM STRUCTURE s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC ASSETS s PUBLIC BUDGET s PUBLIC BUDGETS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC ENTITIES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR BUDGET s PUBLIC SECTOR SPECIALIST s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC UTILITIES s QUALITY OF LIFE s REALLOCATIONS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD NETWORK s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL CREDIT s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s RURAL FAMILIES s RURAL FINANCE s RURAL HOUSEHOLD s RURAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INCOME s RURAL INCOMES s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL LABOR s RURAL LABOR MARKET s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION s RURAL PRODUCTION s RURAL PUBLIC s RURAL PUBLIC SPENDING s RURAL ROADS s RURAL SECTOR s RURAL STRATEGY s RURAL WELFARE s RURAL WOMEN s SAVINGS s SECTOR MINISTRY s SECTOR POLICIES s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL RETURNS s SOCIAL WELFARE s STRATEGIC PRIORITIES s SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT s TARGETING s TAX s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX EXPENDITURES s TAX INCENTIVES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL PUBLIC SPENDING s TOTAL SPENDING s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s URBAN POVERTY s WELFARE LEVEL English en_US Agriculture remains fundamental for Nicaragua from both a macroeconomic and social view. It is the largest sector of the Nicaraguan economy, and it remains the single biggest employer with around 30 percent of the labor force and including processed foods, like meat and sugar, agriculture accounts for around 40 percent of total exports value. Nicaragua appears to be gradually losing competitive edge of some of its key agricultural exports within the most important export markets. Agricultural total factor productivity of certain basic goods has been falling, which could be attributed to some extent for the limited use of improved technologies and the gaps in terms of the quality of its infrastructure and logistics services even though there have been some progress in this regard. In spite of these trends, Nicaragua has the potential to expand production sustainably, on both the extensive and the intensive margins 40 17-11-21 00:18:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868418 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21542 Volltext, Open Access

1759723835

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723835 OCoLC 1255594847 WBOKR 21516 EBP 064565904 KEP 064565904 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21516 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Youth in the Maldives Shaping a New Future for Young Women and Men through Engagement and Empowerment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Maldives South Asia s ABORTION s ABORTION AMONG ADOLESCENTS s ABORTION SERVICES s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO QUALITY SERVICES s ADDICTION s ADOLESCENCE s ADOLESCENT s ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT s ADOLESCENT FRIENDLY HEALTH SERVICES s ADOLESCENT HEALTH s ADOLESCENT MALES s ADOLESCENT MEDICINE s ADOLESCENT PERIOD s ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY s ADOLESCENTS s ADULTHOOD s ADVANCEMENT OF WOMEN s AGE AT MARRIAGE s AGE OF MARRIAGE s AGED s AGGRESSIVE s ALCOHOL s ALCOHOL USE s ANXIETY s AVERAGE AGE s BABIES s BEHAVIOURAL STUDIES s BIRTHS s CANCERS s CANNABIS s CARE PROVIDERS s CARE SERVICES s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILDBEARING s CHILDHOOD TO ADULTHOOD s CHRONOLOGICAL AGE s CITIZENS s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT s CONDOMS s CONTRACEPTION s CRIME s DEPRESSION s DISABILITIES s DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN s DIVORCE s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s DRUG ABUSE s DRUG ADDICTION s DRUG USE s DRUG USERS s DRUGS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s FAMILIES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FAMILY PLANNING s FAMILY STRUCTURE s FEMALE SEX WORKERS s FIRST SEXUAL INTERCOURSE s FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION s FORMS OF VIOLENCE s GENDER INEQUALITY s GENDER NORMS s GIRLS s HARM REDUCTION s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH CARE SYSTEM s HEALTH EDUCATION s HEALTH PROMOTION s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH WORKERS s HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT s HEART DISEASE s HIGH-RISK s HIV s HOSPITAL s HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS s HUMAN RIGHTS s HUMAN SEXUALITY s HYGIENE s ILLICIT DRUG USE s IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME s IMMUNODEFICIENCY s INITIATION OF DRUG USE s INJECTING DRUG USERS s INTERVENTION s INTIMATE PARTNER s ISOLATION s JUVENILE JUSTICE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LAWS s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFESTYLES s MALE YOUTH s MARITAL STATUS s MARRIED COUPLES s MASCULINITY s MENTAL s MENTAL HEALTH s MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES s MENTAL ILLNESS s MIDDLE SCHOOL s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MORAL DEVELOPMENT s MORTALITY s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL POPULATION s NATIONAL YOUTH POLICY s NEEDS ASSESSMENT s NEEDS OF YOUTH s PARENTAL GUIDANCE s PARENTHOOD FEDERATION s PARENTING s PATIENT s PEDIATRICS s PEER PRESSURE s PREMARITAL SEXUAL ACTIVITY s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PROFILE OF ADOLESCENTS s PSYCHIATRISTS s PSYCHIATRY s PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH s PSYCHOLOGY s PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT s PUBERTY s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SERVICES s RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH KNOWLEDGE s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF ADOLESCENTS s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICE s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SURVEY s REPRODUCTIVE YEARS s RISK BEHAVIOR s RISK BEHAVIORS s RISK FACTORS s RISK GROUPS s RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR s ROLE IN SOCIETY s SCREENING s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SELF-MEDICATION s SERVICES FOR YOUNG s SEX s SEX PARTNERS s SEX WITH MEN s SEX WORKERS s SEXUAL ABUSE s SEXUAL ACTIVITY s SEXUAL BEHAVIOR s SEXUAL BEHAVIORS s SEXUAL HEALTH s SEXUAL HEALTH OF ADOLESCENTS s SEXUAL HEALTH SERVICES s SEXUAL INTERCOURSE s SEXUAL PARTNERS s SEXUAL PRACTICES s SEXUALITY s SEXUALLY ACTIVE s SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES s SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS s SMOKERS s SMOKING s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL NORMS s SOCIAL POLICY s SOCIAL STATUS s SOCIETAL NORMS s SPATIAL MOBILITY s STIS s SUBSTANCE ABUSE s SUICIDE s TABOO s TOBACCO s TOBACCO USE s TRADITIONAL FAMILY s TRADITIONAL FAMILY STRUCTURES s TRANSPORTATION s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNINTENDED PREGNANCY s UNMARRIED WOMEN s UNMARRIED YOUNG MEN s UNMARRIED YOUNG PEOPLE s UNMARRIED YOUNG WOMEN s UNMARRIED YOUTHS s UNPROTECTED INTERCOURSE s UNPROTECTED SEX s UNSAFE ABORTION s UNSAFE ABORTIONS s UNSAFE SEX s UNWANTED PREGNANCIES s UNWANTED PREGNANCY s USE OF ALCOHOL s VIOLENCE s WORKERS s YOUNG ADULTS s YOUNG MALES s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNG PERSON s YOUNG PERSONS s YOUNG UNMARRIED MEN s YOUNG WOMEN s YOUNGER MEN s YOUTH s YOUTH AFFAIRS s YOUTH CENTERS s YOUTH CLUBS s YOUTH CULTURE s YOUTH DEVELOPMENT s YOUTH FRIENDLY SERVICES s YOUTH HEALTH s YOUTH POLICY s YOUTH-FRIENDLY SERVICES pha English en_US This report responds to the growing concern over issues facing Maldivian youth today, and specifically, to a request made by the Ministry of Youth and Sports to examine the status of youth in the Maldives. Such concerns are certainly warranted, particularly in light of a regional youth bulge which is taking place in South Asia, as well as an observed increase in at risk behavior such as youth drug use and membership in gangs. While a number of studies have sought to examine youth issues in the Maldives, a comprehensive and holistic assessment is lacking. This report was aimed at helping to fill this knowledge gap. This report examines issues affecting young people in the Maldives as they transition from adolescence to adulthood, and based on this analysis and a review of international good practice, recommends a number of actions for the Government s consideration. The analysis focused on youth experiences as they pertain to: health, education, labor, family structure, gangs and violence, and civic engagement and participation. A youth development framework, based on public health literature and adapted to the Maldives, serves as the organizing structure of the report. The report draws on original data collection and analysis, as well as an extensive review of existing literature. With regard to data collection, the study involved field-based research including a household survey and in-depth interviews, and focus-group discussions with youth and stakeholders in the Maldives 40 17-11-21 00:18:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868426 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21516 Volltext, Open Access

1759723843

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723843 OCoLC 1255594757 WBOKR 21555 EBP 064565890 KEP 064565890 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21555 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Lao Development Report 2014 Expanding Productive Empoloyment for Broad-Based Growth World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Lao People's Democratic Republic s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURE s BASIC LITERACY s CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS s CHILD LABOR s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMERS s DEFLATORS s DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION s DEREGULATION s DEVELOPMENT POLICIES s DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DOMESTIC WORKERS s DRIVERS s EARNING s ECONOMIC BOOM s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC STRUCTURE s EMPLOYMENT SHARE s EMPLOYMENT SITUATION s EXPANDING EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EXPORTS s FINDING EMPLOYMENT s FOREIGN WORKERS s FORESTRY s GDP s GDP DEFLATOR s GDP PER CAPITA s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH SERVICES s HIGH WAGE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s JOB CREATION s JOBS s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET DEMAND s LABOR MARKET INDICATORS s LABOR MOVEMENT s LABOR MOVEMENTS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s LABOR SHORTAGE s LABOUR s LEGISLATION s LIVING STANDARDS s MANUFACTURING WAGES s MIGRATION s MINIMUM WAGE s MOTIVATION s NATURAL RESOURCES s NON-FARM SECTOR s ON-THE-JOB TRAINING s PRICE CEILINGS s PRICE CONTROLS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR FIRMS s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT s PRODUCTIVITY GAINS s PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES s PROFITABILITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PSE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC GOODS s REAL WAGES s RURAL LABOR s RURAL WORKERS s SECONDARY SCHOOL EDUCATION s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE SECTOR s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLS ASSESSMENT s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s STRUCTURAL CHANGE s TAXATION s TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE FLOWS s TRADE POLICY s TRAINING MATERIALS s TRAINING SYSTEM s TRANSACTION COSTS s UNSKILLED WORKERS s VALUE ADDED s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL SCHOOL s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WAGE INCREASES s WAGE PREMIUM s WAGE RATES s WEALTH s WORK EXPERIENCE s WORKER s WORKERS s WORKFORCE SKILLS s WORKING HOURS s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO s YOUNG WORKERS s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT pha English en_US Recent media reports of a perceived skills problem in Lao PDR have spurred an intense focus on skills development initiatives. Alarming media coverage of rising wages and complaints among firms of a shortage of skilled workers has raised concerns over whether Lao workers are equipped with the skills sought by firms. The Government and other partners have responded by channeling more resources to skills development, for example with investments in vocational training facilities to train more workers. This report argues that the workforce problems which Lao PDR faces do not only stem from problems in the education sector. Looking only to skills development as a solution would not address the fundamental problems constraining economic growth, employment creation, and poverty reduction. Creating an environment conducive for farm and non-farm businesses to make investments and grow remains an essential first step for skills development. As World Bank (2004) states, Training does not create jobs. Skills are a derived demand and that demand depends on policies for growth and employment creation 40 17-11-21 00:18:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868434 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21555 Volltext, Open Access

1759723851

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723851 OCoLC 1255594869 WBOKR 21502 EBP 064565882 KEP 064565882 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21502 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO A Sector Assessment Accelerating Growth of High-Speed Internet Services in Azerbaijan World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Europe and Central Asia s 3G s ACCESS TARIFFS s ACTION PLAN s ADSL s AFFORDABLE ACCESS s AVERAGE PRICES s BACKBONE s BACKUP s BANDWIDTH s BROADBAND s BROADBAND ACCESS s BROADBAND CONNECTIONS s BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY s BROADBAND NETWORK s BROADBAND NETWORKS s BROADBAND SERVICE s BROADBAND SERVICES s BROADCASTING s BROADCASTING SERVICES s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS MODEL s BUSINESSES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s COMMUNICATION SERVICES s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPUTER PRICES s COMPUTER USERS s COMPUTERS s CONNECTION SPEED s CONNECTION SPEEDS s CONNECTIVITY s CONSUMER PROTECTION s COPYING s COPYRIGHT s CUSTOMER BASE s DATA TRANSMISSION s DATA TRANSMISSION CAPACITY s DEDICATED LINE s DEVICES s DIGITAL s DIGITAL CONTENT s DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT s E-MAIL s E-SERVICES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC INCENTIVES s END CUSTOMERS s END USER s END-USER s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE s FIBER OPTICS s FIBRE OPTIC s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FREQUENCY BANDS s GATEWAYS s GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS s GOVERNMENT ENTITIES s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s HIGH-SPEED s ICT s ID s IMPLEMENTATION OF E-GOVERNMENT s INDEXES s INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s INFORMATION ECONOMICS s INFORMATION SOCIETY s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INNOVATION s INSTALLATION s INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON s INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION s INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION s INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS s INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS UNION s INTERNET ACCESS s INTERNET BANDWIDTH s INTERNET CONNECTIVITY s INTERNET DEVELOPMENT s INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS s INTERNET SERVICES s INTERNET TRAFFIC s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE s IP s ISP s ISPS s ITU s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s LABOR MARKET s LEASED LINES s LICENSE s LICENSES s LICENSING s LOOPS s MANUFACTURING s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY s MARKET ANALYSIS s MARKET CONCENTRATION s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DEFINITION s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET DEVELOPMENTS s MARKET FAILURE s MARKET FAILURES s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET POWER s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SHARES s MARKET STRUCTURE s MARKET VALUE s MATERIAL s MESSAGING s MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS s MOBILE NETWORK s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE TELEPHONE s MOBILE TELEPHONY s MONOPOLY s NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE s NETWORK MODELS s NEXT GENERATION s ONLINE PAYMENTS s OPEN ACCESS s OUTSOURCING s PDF s PENETRATION OF BROADBAND s PENETRATION RATE s PENETRATION RATES s PHONE CONNECTION s PILOT PROJECT s POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES s PPP s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCTIVITY s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s QUALITY OF SERVICES s QUERIES s RADIO s RADIO FREQUENCIES s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESULT s RESULTS s RETAIL s RETAIL PRICES s SALE s SERVICE PROVIDER s SITES s SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT s SPEECH s STOCKS s SUBSTITUTION s SUBSTITUTION EFFECT s SURPLUS s TARGETS s TAXATION s TECHNOLOGY SUPPORTS s TELECOM s TELECOM SERVICES s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK s TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY s TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECTOR s TELECOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s TELECOMS s TELEGEOGRAPHY s TELEGRAPH s TELEPHONE s TELEPHONE LINE s TELEPHONE LINES s TELEPHONE NETWORK s TELEPHONY PENETRATION s THIRD MARKET s TIME FRAME s TRADITIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE s UNIVERSAL SERVICE s USER s USERS s VALUE CHAIN s WEB s WEBSITES s WIRELESS English en_US Azerbaijan s development at the beginning of the XXI century is characterized by the great success story of its petroleum industry, which has propelled Azerbaijan to the level of the most rapidly growing economies in Europe and Central Asia. While oil and gas reserves are finite and their extraction and transportation is largely impacted by exogenous factors the Government of Azerbaijan has recently focused its policies on economic diversification, which, among others, prioritizes public investment spending to boost the information and communication technologies (ICT) sector. It is envisaged that by 2020 Azerbaijan s ICT sector should become one of the main contributors to the non-oil GDP and should facilitate country s transition into the knowledge economy. Telecommunications liberalization, modernization and extension of the national telecom infrastructure, implementation of e-government, and other sector-specific policies have helped stimulate the growth of the local ICT sector which since 2005 has been expanding at an average rate of 25-30 percent. The telecom industry, especially its mobile segment, has fueled the overall ICT sector development. The number of Internet users has soared from only 17 percent in 2008 to 73 percent in 2013. By 2014, the wireless penetration per capita grew at over 100 percent, around one third of the population gained mobile broadband access, and 30 percent of Azerbaijan s households subscribed to fixed (wired) broadband Internet 40 17-11-21 00:18:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868442 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21502 Volltext, Open Access

175972386X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972386X OCoLC 1255594733 WBOKR 21506 EBP 064565874 KEP 064565874 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21506 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Lao PDR Investment Climate Assessment 2014 Policy Uncertainty in the Midst of a Natural Resources Boom World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Lao People's Democratic Republic s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURE s AUDITS s AVERAGE VARIABLE COSTS s BACKBONE s BANK LENDING s BANKING SECTOR s BANKS s BOOK VALUE s BUSINESS ACTIVITY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS MANAGERS s BUSINESS MODEL s BUSINESSES s BUYERS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL USE s CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMODITY s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE MARKETS s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPLIANCE COSTS s CONNECTIVITY s CONSUMERS s COST OF SALES s COUNTRY COMPARISONS s CUSTOMS s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS s DRIVERS s ECONOMETRIC ANALYSES s ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC EXPANSION s ECONOMIC GROUPINGS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC RESEARCH s ECONOMIES IN TRANSITION s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ELASTICITY s ELECTRICITY s EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE s EMPLOYMENT s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENTERPRISE SURVEY s ENTERPRISE SURVEYS s EQUIPMENT s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT PROMOTION s EXPORT SECTOR s EXPORTS s FINANCIAL DATA s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FIXED COSTS s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN TRADE s FORESTRY s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s INCOME s INCOME LEVELS s INCREASING RETURNS s INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE s INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE s INFLATION s INSPECTIONS s INTEREST RATES s INTERMEDIATE INPUTS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONALIZATION s JOB CREATION s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIVING STANDARDS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MANUFACTURING s MARGINAL COSTS s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET VALUE s MATERIAL s MEASURES OF PROFITABILITY s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MINIMUM WAGES s NATIONAL INCOME s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NETWORKS s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE s OVERHEAD COSTS s OVERVALUATION s PER CAPITA INCOME s PER CAPITA INCOMES s PERFORMANCE MEASURES s PHOTO s PLANNED ECONOMY s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL ECONOMY OF REFORM s POSITIVE EXTERNALITY s PRICE TAKERS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTORS s PRODUCTIVE ASSETS s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROFITABILITY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PURCHASING POWER s REGRESSION ANALYSIS s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s RENT SEEKING s RENTS s RESULT s RESULTS s RETAIL TRADE s RETURN ON ASSETS s RETURN ON SALES s SKILLED LABOR s SUBSIDIARY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TARIFF BARRIERS s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX RATES s TAXATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TIME PERIOD s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE BARRIERS s TRADE POLICY s TRANSACTIONS COSTS s TRANSPORT s UNFAIR COMPETITION s USES s VALUE ADDED s WAGE INCREASES s WAGES s WEALTH s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US The World Bank undertakes periodic Investment Climate Assessments in order to provide policymakers with a better understanding of how the private sector is performing and where the principal constraints to increased private sector investment are to be found. These assessments are informed by Enterprise Survey that follow a standardized approach and are conducted with the objective of providing detailed information on firm-level performance and constraints. So far, Enterprise Surveys have been conducted in more than 135 different countries and capturing data from over 130,000 individual businesses. This is the third Investment Climate Assessment carried out in Lao PDR, and builds on findings from the previous assessments carried out by the World Bank in 2007 and 2011, each of which was in turn informed by an Enterprise Survey. This 2014 Investment Climate Assessment (ICA) is based on an Enterprise Survey undertaken across Loa PDR for the World Bank in late 2012. The survey covered nearly 400 formal private firms across six provinces, including small, medium-sized and large firms. Half of the businesses surveyed were in manufacturing and half in services. The World Bank Enterprise Surveys are the only firm-level data collected in Lao PDR that use stratified random sampling, and thus allow for results from the sample to be considered statistically representative of the entire Lao private sector. It is also the only Enterprise Survey in the country that captures detailed firm performance data on sales and cost of sales, from which aggregate estimates of firm level profitability and productivity can be computed. The economy of Lao PDR has been growing rapidly based principally on the development of natural resource based industries. The transformation of natural wealth in terms of the country s mineral and water resources has propelled high rates of investment and economic expansion for more than a decade. Lao PDR has become a middle income economy and the country has achieved success in reducing poverty and delivering improved public service the natural resource development process has also created spillover effects, mostly notable via strong expansion in the services and construction domestic private sectors 40 17-11-21 00:18:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868450 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21506 Volltext, Open Access

1759723878

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723878 OCoLC 1255594875 WBOKR 21505 EBP 064565866 KEP 064565866 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21505 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO Improving Animal Welfare in Livestock Operations International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource s ACTION PLAN s AGGRESSIVE s AGRIBUSINESS s ANALGESICS s ANIMAL s ANIMAL BREEDS s ANIMAL CARE s ANIMAL DISEASES s ANIMAL HEALTH s ANIMAL HUSBANDRY s ANIMAL NUTRITION s ANIMAL PRODUCTION s ANIMAL PRODUCTION SPECIALISTS s ANIMAL PRODUCTS s ANIMAL PROTECTION s ANIMAL SLAUGHTER s ANIMAL TRANSPORT s ANIMAL WELFARE s ANIMAL WELFARE ISSUES s ANIMAL WELFARE LEGISLATION s AQUACULTURE s AQUATIC ANIMAL s AQUATIC ANIMALS s AUDITS s BACTERIA s BEAR s BEEF s BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES s BIODIVERSITY s BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION s BIRDS s BREED s BREEDERS s BREEDING s BREEDING STOCK s BREEDS s BROILER CHICKENS s CALVES s CHICKEN s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPLEMENTS s CONSUMER DEMAND s CONTAMINANTS s CRUELTY TO ANIMALS s CULTURAL PRACTICES s DAIRY s DAIRY FARMS s DEAD ANIMALS s DIETS s DIGESTIVE SYSTEM s DISEASE OUTBREAKS s DISEASE PREVENTION s DISEASE TRANSMISSION s DRAINAGE s DUCKS s EARLY DETECTION s EGG s EGGS s ETHOLOGY s FAO s FARM s FARM ANIMALS s FARMED FISH s FARMER s FARMING s FARMING SYSTEMS s FARMS s FATTENING s FEED s FEED CONVERSION s FEED CONVERSION EFFICIENCY s FEEDING s FEEDING SYSTEMS s FIRE s FIRE RISK s FISH s FISHERIES s FITNESS s FLOCK s FOOD PROCESSING s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SUPPLY s FOWL s FRESH WATER s GENETIC s GENETIC SELECTION s GENETICS s GLOBAL MANDATE s HEALTH MANAGEMENT s HUMANE TREATMENT s INJURIES s INNOVATION s INTENSIVE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s INTENSIVE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS s ISSUES s LAMB s LAWS s LITTER s LIVE FISH s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK ACTIVITIES s LIVESTOCK ENTERPRISE s LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY s LIVESTOCK INTERACTIONS s LIVESTOCK INVESTMENTS s LIVESTOCK OPERATION s LIVESTOCK OPERATIONS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCER s LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTIVITY s LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s MALNUTRITION s MARKETING s MEAT s MILK s MOLDS s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s MORTALITY RATES s MUSSEL s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEST s NURSING s PARASITES s PIG s PIGS s PLANT s PORK s POULTRY s POULTRY OPERATIONS s POULTRY SYSTEMS s PREDATORS s PREGNANCY s PRICE PREMIUM s PRODUCE s PRODUCER GROUPS s PRODUCT QUALITY s PRODUCTION COSTS s PROTECTION OF ANIMALS s PUBLIC HEALTH s QUALITY OF LIFE s REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE s RESEARCH PROGRAMS s RESERVES s SALMON s SLAUGHTERING s SOCIAL ISSUES s SOCIAL POLICY s SPECIES s SPILLAGE s STRAW s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s TURKEYS s VENTILATION s VETERINARIANS s VETERINARY s VETERINARY CARE s VETERINARY PROFESSION s VETERINARY PUBLIC s VETERINARY SERVICES s WALKING s WASTE s WATER REQUIREMENTS s WATER SUPPLY s WILLINGNESS TO PAY s WOOL pha English en_US In the past decade, animal welfare has been increasingly recognized in importance in commercial livestock operations. Governments, academic institutions, and animal welfare professionals are addressing animal welfare at different points in the agricultural supply chain, while consumers are demanding higher standards for food safety and animal welfare. Meanwhile, regional and global initiatives to provide guidance on acceptable animal welfare practices have emerged. IFC is committed to working with clients to reduce losses, increase productivity, and/or access new markets through the application of sustainability principles, including animal welfare standards. This Good Practice Note (GPN), which supersedes the 2006 edition, contributes to IFC s continued commitment to supporting clients in a responsible and forward-looking approach to traditional livestock production (dairy, beef, broiler chickens, layer chickens, pigs, and ducks) and aquaculture in intensive and extensive systems to, among other things, help producers access and maintain entry to high quality and value market segments. This GPN describes a range of animal welfare good practice and complements IFC s Performance Standards on Environmental and Social Sustainability (2012), in particular animal husbandry requirements for IFC clients as reflected in Performance Standard (PS): biodiversity conservation and sustainable management of living natural resources. The note also describes IFC s approach to animal welfare, including details on IFC s approach to due diligence. For more publications on IFC Sustainability please visit www.ifc.org/sustainabilitypublications 40 17-11-21 00:18:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868469 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21505 Volltext, Open Access

1759723886

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723886 OCoLC 1255594882 WBOKR 21556 EBP 064565858 KEP 064565858 2002 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21556 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Banking and Financial Sector of Lao PDR Financial Sector Note Asian Development Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2002 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Lao People's Democratic Republic s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s AMOUNT OF LOANS s ASSET CLASSIFICATION s AUCTIONS s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK FINANCING s BANK RATE s BANK SUPERVISION s BANKING ASSETS s BANKING INSTITUTIONS s BANKING MARKET s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKING SYSTEMS s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY LAW s BIDS s BONDS s BROAD MONEY s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET DEFICITS s BUSINESS PLANNING s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL ACCOUNT TRANSACTIONS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL ALLOCATION s CAPITAL MARKETS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANK BILLS s CENTRAL BANK INDEPENDENCE s CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSITS s CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSITS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK CREDIT s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CREDIT AVAILABILITY s CREDIT PROGRAMS s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISKS s CRISIS COUNTRIES s CURRENCY s CURRENCY BOARD s DEBT OBLIGATIONS s DEBTS s DEFICIT FINANCING s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSIT MOBILIZATION s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DIRECTED CREDIT s DISBURSEMENTS s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEBT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION s ECONOMIC TRANSACTIONS s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED ASSETS s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATE s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING SYSTEM s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT DEFICITS s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SECURITY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMAL LENDERS s INFORMATION ASYMMETRY s INFORMATIONAL ASYMMETRY s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INTEREST BURDEN s INTEREST COSTS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS s ISSUANCE s JUDICIAL ENFORCEMENT s JUDICIAL PROCESS s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL SYSTEM s LENDER s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LENDING DECISIONS s LENDING INTEREST RATES s LEVEL OF INFLATION s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOCAL BUSINESS s LONG TERM ASSETS s LOSS STATEMENTS s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARK TO MARKET s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET INSTRUMENT s MARKET MECHANISM s MARKET SHARE s MATURITY s MICROFINANCE s MONETARY AUTHORITIES s MONETARY CONTROL s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL SAVING s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OUTSTANDING LOAN s PAYMENT SYSTEM s POLITICAL STABILITY s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRODUCTIVE INVESTMENTS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC BANKS s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURNS s REVOLVING FUNDS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAVINGS DEPOSITS s SAVINGS RATE s SAVINGS RATES s SECONDARY TRADING s SHARE OF CREDIT s SHAREHOLDER s SOLVENCY s STATE BANK s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKETS s T-BILLS s TAX s TAX DEDUCTION s TAX SYSTEM s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILL AUCTIONS s TREASURY BILLS s TURNOVER s UNDERLYING ASSET s VALUATION English en_US During the second half of the 1980s, Lao PDR embarked on an ambitious program of economic reforms, called the New Economic Mechanism, whose main purpose was to gradually transform its centrally-planned economy into a market-oriented economy. The initial reform momentum lasted about one decade. The far-reaching reform program encompassed many critical components including: (a) promotion of private production through improved incentives; (b) institutional infrastructure to improve market economy operations; (c) the strengthening of Lao comparative advantages through trade liberalization and further specialization; and (d) the establishment of price stability through macroeconomic policy measures. The systemic changes introduced in Lao PDR have contributed to a significant transformation of the country s economic system, away from a rigorously centrally-planned economy and towards a form of market economy based on private ownership. The percentage of poor declined based on the national poverty line from 45 to 39 percent between 1992-93 and 1997-982. But the percentage of very poor did not decline and remained at slightly above 30 percent evidencing the need for even broader and faster growth. Moreover, several factors slowed down the economic liberalization process. Such factors included the lack of transparency in government-business relations, a weak civil society, the position of some interest groups at the national and provincial levels, and the existence of noncompetitive economic structures with a few firms and actors accounting for a large share of domestic production (except in agriculture). In some areas, reform policy stagnated and is lagging. This is the case in the financial sector. The creation of a two-tier banking system in the early 1990s with separate and well-defined functions for the central bank and the state-owned commercial banks, has not resulted in the expected benefits: Lao PDR is still suffering from chronic macroeconomic instability and the state-owned commercial banks are suffering from a large amount of non-performing loans. Taking into consideration the objective of the Lao leaders to improve the well-being of the Lao People, this paper argues that there are valid reasons for establishing rules that discipline the political influence on the design and conduct of economic policy, and more specifically, policy regulating the financial sector 40 17-11-21 00:18:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868477 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21556 Volltext, Open Access

1759723894

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723894 OCoLC 1255594643 WBOKR 21511 EBP 06456584X KEP 06456584X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21511 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Assessment and Action Plan to Improve Payment for Electricity Services in the Palestinian Territories World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa West Bank and Gaza s ACCOUNTING s ACTION PLAN s ACTION PLANS s AFFORDABILITY s AFFORDABLE PRICES s AMOUNTS OWED s APPROACH s ARREARS s BALANCE s BALANCE SHEET s BANKS s BUYER s CAPACITY-BUILDING s COLLECTION OF PAYMENTS s CONSOLIDATION s CONTROL SYSTEM s COPYRIGHT s COST OF ELECTRICITY s CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR s CUSTOMER PROFILE s CUSTOMER SERVICE s CUSTOMS s DATA ANALYSIS s DEBT s DEBTS s DEFICITS s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DIESEL s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS s DOMESTIC ENERGY s DOMESTIC ENERGY RESOURCES s DONOR SUPPORT s E-MAIL s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EIB s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY s ELECTRIC UTILITY s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY BILL s ELECTRICITY BILLS s ELECTRICITY COMPANY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY CORPORATION s ELECTRICITY COST s ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION s ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES s ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION COMPANY s ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTOR s ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTORS s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY GRID s ELECTRICITY LAW s ELECTRICITY MARKET s ELECTRICITY NETWORK s ELECTRICITY NETWORKS s ELECTRICITY PAYMENT s ELECTRICITY PRICE s ELECTRICITY PRICE INCREASE s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY PROVIDERS s ELECTRICITY REGULATION s ELECTRICITY REGULATOR s ELECTRICITY REVENUES s ELECTRICITY SALES s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SECTOR REFORM s ELECTRICITY SERVICE s ELECTRICITY SERVICES s ELECTRICITY SUPPLIERS s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION s ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY s END CUSTOMERS s END USERS s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL DATA s FINANCIAL INVESTMENT s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FIXED RATES s FUEL s GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS s GRID CONNECTION s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLDS s INSPECTIONS s INSTALLATION s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL REFORM s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVESTMENT BANK s KEY CHALLENGE s KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LICENSE s LICENSES s MATERIAL s MEDIA CAMPAIGNS s MUNICIPALITIES s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NETWORK CONNECTION s NETWORKS s OPERATING COSTS s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OUTSTANDING DEBT s PAYMENT DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATOR s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCES s PILOT PROJECT s PILOT PROJECTS s POWER s POWER COMPANY s POWER PLANT s POWER SHORTAGES s PRICE OF ELECTRICITY s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PROFIT MARGIN s PROTOCOL s PUBLIC UTILITY s PURCHASE OF ELECTRICITY s QUANTITY OF ELECTRICITY s QUERIES s REAL-TIME DATA s RECEIPT s REFUGEE s REFUGEE STATUS s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RESULT s RESULTS s SAVINGS s SECURE ACCESS s SOURCE OF INCOME s SUBSIDIARY s SUPPLY CHAIN s TARGETS s TARIFF LEVELS s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELEPHONE s TIME PERIOD s TRANSMISSION s UNPAID BILLS s USES s VILLAGE s VILLAGES s VOLTAGE s WEB s WHOLESALE PRICE English en_US The Palestinian Territories (West Bank and Gaza Strip) are highly dependent on energy imports from neighboring countries because of its lack of domestic energy resources. The Israeli Electricity Corporation (IEC) is the largest supplier of electricity to the Territories, supplying around 88 percent of its total electricity consumption. In this context the Palestinian Authority (PA) has been actively engaged in a comprehensive reform of the electricity sector to increase its overall efficiency, bringing in the commitment and involvement of all stakeholders and resulting in the creation of a well-structured electricity market. Alongside steady increase in electricity consumption, however, non-payment for electricity imported from the IEC has increased over the past few years, amounting to 58 percent of its total cost. The non-payments or partial payments of these bills create deficient for the IEC, which then leads the Israeli government to proceed with monthly deductions from the clearance revenue, thus accruing as debt. This assessment aims to precisely understand the sources and the reasons for non-payment of electricity in the Territories and to develop an action plan based on current programs and activities led by the Palestinian Energy and Natural Resources Authority (PENRA) and the donor community. The impacts of non-payment for electricity on the complete financial payment cycle are assessed in detail. An overview of the Palestinian Electricity Sector is provided in Chapter 2, where the set-up of the sector and the existing framework are explained. Chapter 3 consists of analysis and key findings from the data collected from stakeholders during the review. The main factors contributing to non-payment are electricity losses, collection levels, level of purchase and sales tariff, governmental subsidies, and efficiency and transparency of sector participants. Chapter 4 concludes with a summary of analysis, and Chapter 5 discusses the Palestinian Authority's action plans and current donor programs, as well as concluding the assessment. The report is accompanied by appendices, tables, diagrams, charts, and maps 40 17-11-21 00:18:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868485 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21511 Volltext, Open Access

1759723908

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723908 OCoLC 1255594877 WBOKR 21521 EBP 064565831 KEP 064565831 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21521 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Madagascar Debt Management Performance Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Madagascar s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCOUNTING s AMORTIZATION s ARREARS s AUCTION s AUCTION SYSTEM s AUCTIONS s AUDITORS s BANK ACCESS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK FINANCING s BANK RATE s BANKING SECTOR s BID s BIDS s BINDING CONSTRAINT s BOND ISSUES s BORROWING PLAN s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGETARY FRAMEWORK s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITALIZATION s CASH BALANCE s CASH BALANCES s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBT s CHECKS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISK ASSESSMENT s CREDIT RISK ASSESSMENTS s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT DATA s DEBT DATABASE s DEBT DATABASES s DEBT INTEREST s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT OUTSTANDING s DEBT PAYMENTS s DEBT RATIOS s DEBT RELIEF s DEBT SECURITY s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT STOCK s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEBT TRANSACTIONS s DEBT-SERVICE s DEFICIT FINANCING s DERIVATIVES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC BORROWINGS s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKET s DOMESTIC FINANCIAL MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKET s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC POLICY s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL BORROWINGS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FUNDING s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT BANK s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT BORROWINGS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEBT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT s GOVERNMENT PAPER s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GRACE PERIOD s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HUMAN RESOURCE s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST CALCULATION s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INVESTING s INVESTMENT FINANCING s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT PURPOSES s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCE OF GUARANTEES s ISSUANCE OF TREASURY BILLS s ISSUANCES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LENDER s LENDERS s LENDING AGREEMENT s LENDING AGREEMENTS s LENDING DECISIONS s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOAN AGREEMENTS s LOAN BALANCE s LOAN CONTRACT s LOAN DATA s LOAN GUARANTEE s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOAN TERMS s LOCAL BANKS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LONG-TERM EXTERNAL DEBT s LONG-TERM MATURITY s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC UNCERTAINTIES s MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES s MARKET BORROWING s MARKET INSTRUMENTS s MARKET LIQUIDITY s MARKET PLAYERS s MARKETS DEVELOPMENTS s MATURITIES s MATURITY DATE s MATURITY DATES s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY AUTHORITIES s MONETARY FINANCING s MONETARY INSTRUMENTS s MONETARY POLICY s OPERATIONAL EXPENDITURES s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE s PAYMENT ORDER s PENSION s PENSION SYSTEM s PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT s PERFORMANCE AUDITS s PERFORMANCE INDICATOR s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIMARY DEALERS s PRIMARY MARKET s PRINCIPAL REPAYMENT s PROGRAM MANAGER s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT DATA s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s REFORM PLAN s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPAYMENT s RESERVES s RETAIL INVESTORS s RETURNS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SALE OF SECURITIES s SCHEDULE OF ISSUANCE s SECURITIES s STATE GUARANTEE s SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTIONS s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s T-BILL s T-BILLS s T-BONDS s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TOTAL DEBT s TRANSACTION s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s TREATIES s TREATY s TURNOVER s USE OF DERIVATIVES English en_US Madagascar's central government debt stood at around 30 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2011. Due to political developments in 2008-2009, the Acting government of Madagascar has limited borrowing opportunities from both external and domestic lenders. This situation is expected to change after the upcoming general elections planned for mid-2013. The legal framework for government debt management is unclear in some parts and in general underdeveloped. Thus, for 2013 fiscal year, the Parliament has authorized the government to borrow internally and externally for the implementation of various development projects. There are no specific debt management objectives, no requirement to develop a debt management strategy, and no evaluation process reflected in the primary legislation. An important step has been taken by reorganizing the Public Debt Directorate (PDD) of the Ministry of Finance and Budget as the Principal DeM entity of the government. It manages both external and domestic debt, and takes part in all loan negotiations. Yet to be prepared is a debt statistical bulletin and a comprehensive DeM strategy. There was one external compliance audit prepared in 2011 for the period of 2006-2008, but no performance audits. The final audit report was developed in 2012, but is not made public. There is no formal or informal debt management strategy in Madagascar. There is also no evaluation and disclosure of information on public government debt management. The debt statistical bulletin, prepared during 2012, is still in a draft form 40 17-11-21 00:18:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868493 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21521 Volltext, Open Access

1759723916

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723916 OCoLC 1255594801 WBOKR 21461 EBP 064565823 KEP 064565823 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21461 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Brazil Interest Rates and Intermediation Spreads World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Brazil Latin America & Caribbean s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ADVERSE IMPACTS s AGENTS s AGGREGATE DEMAND s ASSET PRICES s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK LENDING s BANK LOANS s BANKING CONCENTRATION s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING SERVICES s BANKING SYSTEM s BORROWING s CDS s CENTRAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s COUNTRY COMPARISONS s CREDIT MARKETS s CREDIT RISK s CREDITOR PROTECTION s DEFAULT RISK s DEPOSITORS s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s EARNING ASSETS s ECONOMETRIC EVIDENCE s ECONOMETRIC MODELS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FINANCIAL CONTRACTS s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL DEEPENING s FINANCIAL ENGINEERING s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FIXED COSTS s FUTURE RESEARCH s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s INCOME STATEMENTS s INEFFICIENCY s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INTEREST INCOME s INTEREST MARGIN s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE ASSESSMENT s LATIN AMERICAN s LIQUIDITY s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARGINAL COST s MATURITIES s MICROECONOMIC ANALYSIS s MONETARY POLICY s MUTUAL FUNDS s NET INTEREST MARGIN s OPERATING COSTS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC DEBT s REAL INTEREST RATE s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RETURN ON ASSETS s RETURN ON EQUITY s RISK MITIGATION s ROA s ROE s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOLVENCY s STATEMENT s TAXATION s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE CREDIT s UNDERLYING PROBLEMS s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US This study sheds light on the analytical and policy issues regarding the high intermediation spread in Brazil, focusing on its determinants, the reasons for its persistence, and its impact on the real economy, especially on access to finance for Brazilian firms. The key contention of the analysis is that high intermediation spreads are a symptom of underlying problems; as such, spreads constitute a window that, when open appropriately and under the right analytical light, can unveil deeper issues concerning the Brazilian financial system, its functioning, and its linkages to economic performance. The study's major contribution is to investigate the level of intermediation spreads in Brazil from macro, micro, and international perspectives. In particular, the international perspective compares the Brazilian financial system with industrialized countries and Latin American peers to provide a background for the analysis, and highlight the areas where Brazil appears to be special 40 17-11-21 00:18:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868507 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21461 Volltext, Open Access

1759723924

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723924 OCoLC 1255594903 WBOKR 21422 EBP 064565815 KEP 064565815 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21422 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Corporate Governance Country Assessment Russian Federation World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Russian Federation s ACCOUNTING s ARBITRATION s ASSET PRICES s ASSET VALUE s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDIT STANDARDS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE SHEET s BID s BIDS s BONDS s BROKERS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY s CIVIL CODE s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENTS s COMMON SHARE s COMMON SHARES s COMPANY LAW s CONFIDENTIALITY s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONFLICTS OF INTERESTS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORKS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORM s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORMS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STANDARDS s CORPORATE INFORMATION s CORPORATE OWNERSHIP s CORPORATE OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE s CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY s COST OF CAPITAL s DEPOSITORIES s DEPOSITORY s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENT s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DIVIDEND s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC EXCHANGES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES s EMERGING MARKETS s ENFORCEMENT POWERS s EQUITIES s EQUITY MARKET s EQUITY MARKETS s EXCHANGE RULES s FEDERAL AGENCY s FEDERAL BUDGET s FINANCES s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FRAUD s GLOBAL CAPITAL s GLOBAL CAPITAL MARKETS s GLOBAL DEPOSITORY s GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s GLOBAL EXCHANGES s GLOBAL FINANCIAL CENTERS s GLOBAL MARKET s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNANCE PRACTICE s GOVERNANCE PRACTICES s GOVERNANCE REGULATION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDING s HOLDING COMPANIES s HOLDING COMPANY s HOLDINGS s ILLIQUID SECURITIES s INCOME s INDIVIDUAL INVESTORS s INFLATION s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING s INSIDER TRADING s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL INVESTOR s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR PROTECTION s INVESTOR PROTECTIONS s INVESTOR RELATIONS s IPO s JOINT STOCK COMPANIES s JOINT STOCK COMPANY s JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES s JUDICIAL COURT s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s JURISDICTION s JURISDICTIONS s JUSTICE SYSTEM s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTION s LIMITED LIABILITY s LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES s LLC s LONG-TERM CAPITAL s MAJORITY SHAREHOLDER s MAJORITY SHAREHOLDERS s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET DATA s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET INDEX s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET INTERMEDIARIES s MARKET MANIPULATION s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRACTITIONERS s MARKET PRICE s MARKET SIZE s MARKET VOLATILITY s MARKETS DATABASE s MATURITY s MINORITY INVESTORS s MINORITY SHAREHOLDER s MINORITY SHAREHOLDER PROTECTIONS s MINORITY SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS s MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s MONETARY FUND s MONOPOLIES s NATURAL RESOURCES s OIL PRICES s OPEN JOINT STOCK COMPANIES s OWNERSHIP RIGHTS s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO MANAGERS s PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATIZATION s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION s PUBLIC COMPANIES s PUBLIC COMPANY s PUBLIC ENFORCEMENT s PUBLIC MARKETS s PUBLIC POLICY s REGULATORS s REGULATORY BODIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY REQUIREMENT s RETIREMENT SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES LAW s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKETS s SECURITIES REGULATION s SECURITIES REGULATOR s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT ARRANGEMENTS s SHARE PRICE s SHARE PRICES s SHARE TRADING s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDER ENGAGEMENT s SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS s SHAREHOLDERS s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STRONG CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s TAX s TRADING ACTIVITY s TRADING PLATFORM s TRADING VOLUME s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s UNDERWRITERS s VOLATILITY s VOUCHER PRIVATIZATION s WEAK CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s WITHDRAWAL s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS English en_US This report assesses Russia's corporate governance policy framework. It highlights recent improvements in corporate governance regulation, makes policy recommendations, and provides investors with a benchmark against which to measure corporate governance in Russia. Corporate governance has been a major policy issue in Russia since the beginning of its transition to a market economy. The privatization process of the early 1990s was put in place before most elements of the corporate governance and investor protection framework, and there were many widely publicized abuses, leading to very low asset prices. Most observers agree that the corporate governance environment has improved in recent years as the government has enhanced the legal and policy framework, and key institutions have grown in sophistication and maturity. Many major Russian companies have also voluntarily improved their financial and ownership transparency. A number of reform initiatives are currently underway. The report (and this summary) is organized into four sections: i) the commitment of the public and private sectors to reform; ii) shareholder rights; iii) disclosure and transparency; and iv) Boards of Directors. Policy recommendations are developed in detail at the end of each section. The report also includes a special annex that details the reform agenda focusing on related party transaction approval and disclosure, based on the approach of the Protecting Investors indicator developed in the World Bank's Doing Business report 40 17-11-21 00:18:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868515 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21422 Volltext, Open Access

1759723932

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723932 OCoLC 1255594813 WBOKR 21421 EBP 064565807 KEP 064565807 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21421 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Georgia Seizing the Opportunity to Prosper World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Georgia s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURE s AIRPORTS s ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY s ASSETS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK BORROWING s BANKING SYSTEM s BENCHMARKING s BORROWING COSTS s BOTTLENECKS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CENTRAL BANK s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CREDIT ACCESS s CREDIT SUBSIDIES s CRISES s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICITS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DOMESTIC INTEREST RATES s DOMESTIC MARKET s DRIVERS s DRIVING s ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC RELATIONS s ECONOMIC STRUCTURE s ELASTICITY s EMERGING MARKETS s EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS s ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENTS s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTER s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTREME POVERTY s FINANCIAL CAPITAL s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCING OF INFRASTRUCTURE s FISHING s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN MARKETS s FORESTRY s FREE TRADE s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GINI COEFFICIENT s GLOBAL TRADE s GLOBALIZATION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS VALUE s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY TRANSIT s HOLDING s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME LEVELS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFORMATIONAL ASYMMETRIES s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INNOVATION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT SPENDING s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s JOB CREATION s JOINT STOCK COMPANY s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS s LABOR MARKET FLEXIBILITY s LABOR MARKET INDICATORS s LABOR MOBILITY s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR SUPPLY s LAND USE s LAND USE PATTERNS s LETTERS OF CREDIT s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL CURRENCY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET INTEGRATION s MARKET SIZE s METALS s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION s MOBILITY s MORTALITY s NATIONAL SAVING s NATIONAL TRANSPORT s NET EXPORTS s OIL s OLD-AGE PENSION s OLDER WORKERS s OPEN ECONOMY s PENSION s PENSIONS s PER CAPITA INCOME s PHYSICAL ASSET s PHYSICAL ASSETS s PLEDGES s POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY s PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC SUBSIDIES s PURCHASING POWER s RAIL s RAILWAY s RAILWAY SECTOR s RAILWAYS s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL GDP s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REMITTANCES s RETURNS s RISK MANAGEMENT s ROUTE s RURAL ROADS s SAFETY s SAFETY NETS s SKILLED LABOR s SMALL BORROWERS s SUNK COSTS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TAX s TAX DEDUCTIONS s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE COMPETITIVENESS s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE POLICY s TRADING s TRAFFIC s TRANSACTION s TRANSIT s TRANSIT CORRIDOR s TRANSIT OPERATIONS s TRANSIT SYSTEM s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT MODE s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORT STRATEGY s TRANSPORTATION s TRUE s TURNOVER s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VALUE ADDED s WAGE INCREASES s WAGES s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WORK FORCE English en_US Georgia: Seizing the Opportunity to Prosper suggests a path towards sustainable and shared growth. Georgia s story is associated with three stylized facts: high growth with persistent unemployment currently at nearly 15 percent after 10 years of annual growth that averaged above 5.5 percent; a doing business rank of 8 out of 189 countries achieved without recovery to 1990 levels of per capita income suggesting a relatively difficult transition experience in spite of noteworthy success with several governance and business environment reforms; and obstinate socio-economic vulnerabilities reflected in Georgia s status as one of the poorest countries in the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region of the World Bank with a relatively weak performance on reducing poverty and inequality. Georgia is well positioned to achieve its development objectives. The main challenge is persistent joblessness, which must be addressed to establish a sustainable basis for the pro-poor development model outlined in the Government s Socio-Economic Strategy 2020. This report, which is anchored in the Government s Socio-economic Development Strategy 2020, explores the potential for improved export competitiveness to strengthen employment growth in Georgia and is intended to inform a policy agenda mainly focused on the demand side of the labor market 40 17-11-21 00:18:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868523 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21421 Volltext, Open Access

1759723940

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723940 OCoLC 1255594905 WBOKR 21420 EBP 064565793 KEP 064565793 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21420 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Korea Financial Sector Assessment Program Technical Note Crisis Preparedness and Crisis Management Framework International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Korea, Republic of s ACCEPTABLE COLLATERAL s ACCOUNTING s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET MANAGEMENT COMPANIES s ASSET QUALITY s ASSET STRIPPING s BALANCE SHEET s BANK BRANCHES s BANK DEPOSIT s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK HOLDING s BANKING CRISIS s BANKING INSTITUTIONS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR ASSETS s BANKING SECTORS s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY DECLARATION s BILLS OF EXCHANGE s BOND s BOND MARKET s BOND MARKETS s BONDS s BROKERS s BUSINESS ACCOUNTING s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSITS s COLLATERAL s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL PAPERS s CONTINGENCY PLANNING s CORRECTIVE ACTION s CORRECTIVE ACTIONS s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT CARD s CREDIT COOPERATIVES s CREDIT MARKET s CREDIT POLICIES s CREDIT UNIONS s CREDITORS s CREDITS s DEBT ACCUMULATION s DEBT MATURITY s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEPENDENT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSIT INSURANCE AGENCIES s DEPOSIT INSURANCE AGENCY s DEPOSIT INSURANCE FUND s DEPOSIT INSURANCE SYSTEM s DEPOSIT INSURANCE SYSTEMS s DEPOSIT INSURERS s DEPOSIT PROTECTION s DEPOSITOR s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENT OF FUNDS s DISSOLUTION s DISTRESSED BANK s DUE DILIGENCE s ELIGIBLE DEPOSITORS s EMERGENCY LIQUIDITY SUPPORT s ESTATE s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEBTS s FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DISTRESS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTABILITY s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL POSITION s FINANCIAL SECTOR REGULATION s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SITUATION s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL STRUCTURE s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEM STABILITY s FINANCIAL TRANSACTION s FISCAL POLICIES s FOREIGN BANK s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FRAMEWORK FOR SECURITIES s FUTURES s GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDING COMPANIES s HOLDING COMPANY s HOUSEHOLD DEBT s INDIVIDUAL BANK s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSOLVENT s INSOLVENT BANK s INSOLVENT BANKS s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE CORPORATION s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURANCE PREMIUM s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS s INVESTOR PROTECTION s ISSUANCE s JURISDICTION s JURISDICTIONS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL POWERS s LENDER s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LEVIES s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LINE OF CREDIT s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RATIO s LIQUIDITY SUPPORT s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MANDATE s MANDATES s MARKET CONFIDENCE s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURES s MARKET LIQUIDITY s MARKET PLAYERS s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SHARES s MERGER s MERGERS s MICRO FINANCE s MICRO FINANCE SECTORS s MINIMUM CAPITAL RATIO s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s MONEY MARKETS s MORAL HAZARD s MORTGAGE LOANS s MUTUAL SAVINGS s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OPEN MARKET s OVERSIGHT OF BANKS s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s POLICY RESPONSE s POLICY RESPONSES s POSTAL SAVINGS s PREFERENTIAL PAYMENTS s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PROMISSORY NOTES s PUBLIC FUNDS s RECAPITALIZATION s REPAYMENT s REPOS s RESERVE s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESERVES s RESIDENTIAL MORTGAGE s RESTRUCTURING PROCESS s RETURN s RISK FACTORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK PROFILE s SAFETY NET s SALE OF SECURITIES s SAVINGS BANK s SAVINGS BANKS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES HOLDING s SECURITIES INVESTOR PROTECTION s SECURITIES MARKETS s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT SYSTEM s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDER EQUITY s SHAREHOLDERS s SOLVENCY s STOCK MARKET s STOCKS s SUPERVISION OF BANKS s SUPERVISORY AGENCIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s SUPERVISORY POLICIES s SUPPORT TO BANKS s SWAP s SYSTEMIC STABILITY s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s UNSECURED CREDITORS s VALUATION s WITHDRAWAL s WITHDRAWAL OF FUNDS s WORKOUT English en_US Korea experienced a financial crisis in the late 1990s, which it overcame successfully. The rich experiences gained in handling past crises have helped in the establishment of a broad crisis management framework in Korea. The successful management of the 1997 financial crisis is reported to have been guided by the following principles: (i) bold and decisive measures are required to regain market confidence, rather than incremental ones; (ii) though Government will take the lead in crisis management initiatives, private capital should be encouraged to fully participate in the process; (iii) bank recapitalization and creation of a bad bank are not mutually exclusive options; the crisis management measures should be politically acceptable and have built-in exit strategies with clear time-frames; (iv) moral hazard should be minimized; and (v) all forms of financial protectionism must be rejected. Korea responded to the 2008 global financial crisis with certain policy measures that helped the Korean financial and real sectors to weather the immediate effects of the global crisis. These included policy and financial support to stabilize the money, securities, and bond markets, to extend financial support to corporate and financial entities, and to support small and medium enterprise (SME) and micro finance sectors. The authorities introduced a series of measures to contain the stress in Mutual Savings Banks (MSBs) during 2011 and 2012 and turned them around. The stress in MSBs was largely due to an extensive industry-wide exposure to troubled real estate project financing as well as shareholder and management misconduct.4 Faced with sector-wide stress and declining depositor confidence the financial sector regulatory agencies jointly announced new mitigating measures for the MSB sector 40 17-11-21 00:18:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868531 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21420 Volltext, Open Access

1759723959

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723959 OCoLC 1255594663 WBOKR 21419 EBP 064565785 KEP 064565785 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21419 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of India Accelerating Agricultural Productivity Growth World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACTUAL YIELDS s ADAPTIVE RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL AREAS s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL DIVERSIFICATION s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS s AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES s AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION s AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENTS s AGRICULTURAL ISSUES s AGRICULTURAL MARKET s AGRICULTURAL MARKETING s AGRICULTURAL MARKETS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL POPULATION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PROGRAMS s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ORGANIZATION s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY s AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL TRADE s AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES s AGRICULTURAL VALUE s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s AGROPROCESSING s ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY s ANIMAL BREEDING s ANIMAL HEALTH s ANIMALS s APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY s ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION s ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK s AVERAGE YIELDS s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s CAPITAL FORMATION s CASH CROPS s CATTLE s CEREAL CROPS s CEREAL TRADE s CEREAL YIELDS s CEREALS s CERTIFIED PRODUCTS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE s CONTRACT FARMING s COTTON s COTTON SECTOR s CROP s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP TYPE s CROP YIELDS s CROPS s CULTIVATION TECHNIQUES s DAIRY s DAIRY INDUSTRY s DAIRY SURPLUS s DECISION MAKING s DEREGULATION s DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH s DIMINISHING RETURNS s DISEASES s DISTORTED INCENTIVES s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC MARKETS s ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC RESEARCH s ECONOMICS s EMISSIONS s EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS s EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ETHICS s EXPORT s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORTS s EXTENSION SERVICES s FAO s FARM s FARM DIVERSIFICATION s FARM EMPLOYMENT s FARM EQUIPMENT s FARM INCOME s FARM INCOMES s FARM POPULATION s FARM PRICES s FARM SIZE s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMS s FEED s FOOD GRAINS s FOOD POLICY RESEARCH s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SECURITY s FRUITS s GATES s GDP s GINI COEFFICIENT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GRAIN s GREEN REVOLUTION s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH RATE s HARVEST s HORTICULTURAL CROPS s HOUSEHOLDS s ICRISAT s IFPRI s IMPORTS s INDIAN COUNCIL FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s INEFFICIENCY s INPUT USE s INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE s IRRIGATION s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LAND PRODUCTIVITY s LAND USE s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK FARMING s LIVESTOCK FARMING SYSTEMS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s LIVESTOCK SECTOR s LIVESTOCK SUPPORT s LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS s MAIZE s MARKET INFORMATION SYSTEMS s MEAT s MEAT INDUSTRY s MILK s MILK PRODUCTION s MILK YIELD s MUTTON s NATIONAL RESEARCH s NATURAL RESOURCE BASE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUTRIENT USE s OILSEEDS s PESTS s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POLICY INSTRUMENTS s POLICY MAKERS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s PORK s POTENTIAL YIELDS s POULTRY s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE INCREASES s PRIVATE GOODS s PRODUCE MARKETS s PRODUCER INCENTIVES s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION SYSTEM s PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC GOODS s QUALITY STANDARDS s RAW MATERIAL s REAL WAGES s RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RESOURCE USE s RICE s RICE RESEARCH s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL EMPLOYMENT s RURAL ROADS s SEEDS s SILOS s SMALL RUMINANTS s SOIL EROSION s SOILS s SOYBEANS s STRUCTURAL CHANGE s SUGARCANE s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s SUSTAINABLE WATER s TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE s TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS s TERMS OF TRADE s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s TRADE POLICY s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s UNITED NATIONS s URBANIZATION s VALUE ADDED s VEGETABLES s VOLUME s WAGES s WATERSHED s WEATHER PATTERNS s WHEAT s WHEAT RESEARCH s WHEAT YIELDS s WHOLESALE PRICE INDEX pha English en_US In the past 50 years, Indian agriculture has undergone a major transformation, from dependence on food aid to becoming a consistent net food exporter. The gradual reforms in the agricultural sector (following the broader macro-reforms of the early 1990s) spurred some unprecedented innovations and changes in the food sector driven by private investment. These impressive achievements must now be viewed in light of the policy and investment imperatives that lie ahead. Agricultural growth has improved in recent years (averaging about 3.5 percent since 2004-05), but at a long-term trend rate of growth of 3 percent, agriculture has underperformed relative to its potential. The pockets of post-reform dynamism that have emerged evidently have not reached a sufficiently large scale to influence the sector's performance. For the vast population that still derives a living directly or indirectly from agriculture, achieving "faster, more inclusive, and sustainable growth', the objectives at the heart of the Twelfth five year plan, depends critically on simultaneous efforts to improve agriculture's performance and develop new sources of employment for the disproportionately large share of the labor force still on the farm. The scope of this study is broad in the sense that it marshals considerable empirical evidence and analyses to address those issues. Yet the scope is restricted in the sense that the study does not address all of the issues. A wealth of knowledge exists (and continuing analytical work proceeds) on other major strategic issues, water and irrigation management, food grain management, and public expenditures on agriculture, for example, and the findings of this study must be seen in that context. The lack of sufficient quality data, and often the lack of access to such data, also prevents some issues from being explored in greater depth. Finally, some important issues require more focused and dedicated analysis, such as food safety and quality standards, agricultural trade, and food price increases. This relationship between longer-term strategic issues and contemporary concerns, such as water resource management and food prices, are highlighted in this study through the prism of productivity, but they too require further analysis to fully address the underlying issues 40 17-11-21 00:18:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986854X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21419 Volltext, Open Access

1759723967

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723967 OCoLC 1255594759 WBOKR 21418 EBP 064565777 KEP 064565777 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21418 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Republic of Korea International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Korea, Republic of s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s AGGREGATE DEBT s ALLOCATION OF CREDIT s ARBITRAGE s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET QUALITY s AVAILABILITY OF CREDIT s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK BRANCHES s BANK OF KOREA s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BASIS POINTS s BOND s BOND MARKET s BOND TRADING s BROKERS s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL BASE s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPITALIZATION s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL SECURITIES DEPOSITORY s CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSITS s CIVIL PENALTIES s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL RISK s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPENSATION FUND s COMPENSATION FUNDS s COMPETITIVE MARKET s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE BOND MARKET s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIT COOPERATIVES s CREDIT EXPANSION s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT LOSS s CREDIT POLICIES s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISK EXPOSURES s CREDIT RISKS s CREDIT UNIONS s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s CUSTODY s DEBT SERVICE s DEFAULT RISK s DEFAULTS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITOR s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS s DEPOSITS s DERIVATIVES s DERIVATIVES MARKET s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DOMESTIC BANKING s DOMESTIC BANKS s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC LIQUIDITY s DUE DILIGENCE s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s ENFORCEMENT POWERS s ENFORCEMENT PROCESS s ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM s EXPORTERS s EXTERNAL BORROWINGS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FUNDING s FAIR VALUE s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL POLICIES s FLOW OF CREDIT s FOREIGN BANK s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FRAUD s FUTURES s GLOBAL MARKET s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s HOLDING s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME SECURITIES s INFLATION s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE CORPORATION s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE PENETRATION s INTEREST INCOME s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES s INTEREST RATE SPREADS s INTEREST RATES s INTERESTS OF INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL MONEY MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTOR PROTECTION s IRREVOCABLE LINE OF CREDIT s ISSUANCE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL IMPEDIMENTS s LEGAL TRADITIONS s LENDERS s LEVEL OF DEBT s LEVY s LIABILITY s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT s LIQUIDITY POSITION s LIQUIDITY RATIOS s LIQUIDITY RISK s LOAN s LOCAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s LONG TERM ASSETS s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET CONCENTRATION s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURES s MARKET MAKERS s MARKET MECHANISMS s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRACTICES s MARKET RISK s MARKET RISKS s MARKETS DEVELOPMENT s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MATURITY MISMATCHES s MATURITY STRUCTURE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s MORAL HAZARD s MORTGAGE s MUTUAL SAVINGS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OUTSTANDING DOMESTIC DEBT s OUTSTANDING DOMESTIC DEBT SECURITIES s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s POLICY RESPONSE s POLICY RESPONSES s PRIMARY MARKET s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC FUND s PUBLIC FUNDS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY STRUCTURE s REPAYMENT s REPO s REPO MARKETS s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s RISK ASSESSMENTS s RISK EXPOSURES s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s RISK PROFILE s SAFETY NET s SAVINGS BANKS s SECONDARY MARKETS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES DEALERS s SECURITIES HOLDINGS s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKETS s SEIZURE s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT INFRASTRUCTURE s SETTLEMENT SERVICES s SETTLEMENT SYSTEM s SHORT-TERM BORROWING s SOLVENCY s SUPERVISION OF BANKS s SUPERVISORY AGENCIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s SWAP s TERRORISM s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER s VALUATION English en_US The initial assessment under the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) was undertaken in 2003. The first Update mission (April 2013) assessed the observance of selected international standards and codes, and initiated discussions on a broad range of financial sector stability issues. In the case of each of the sector assessments new methodologies adopted since the global financial crisis were employed. The second mission (July 2013) completed its review, documented its assessment in a draft Aide-Memoire, and reviewed with the authorities the Aide-Memoire as well as draft technical notes covering a range of topics. The objectives of the FSAP were to review developments in the financial sector since the initial 2003 FSAP and in light of the lessons from the global financial crisis, assess and formulate recommendations related to financial stability and the financial sector oversight framework. This report presents main findings and recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:18:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868558 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21418 Volltext, Open Access

1759723975

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723975 OCoLC 1255594786 WBOKR 21364 EBP 064565769 KEP 064565769 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21364 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Unfulfilled Promise of Oil and Growth Poverty, Inclusion and Welfare in Iraq 2007-2012 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Iraq Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE s ACCOUNTING s ADULT MALE s AGRICULTURAL DECLINE s AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT s ANNUAL GROWTH s ANNUAL GROWTH RATE s BASIC HEALTH CARE s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s BASIC NEEDS s BENEFICIAL EFFECTS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CASH TRANSFERS s CHILDBIRTH s CITIZENS s CIVIL WAR s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CRISES s DEVELOPING WORLD s DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS s DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DIET s DISPLACEMENT s DIVERSIFICATION s DRIVERS s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY MARRIAGE s EARLY MOTHERHOOD s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s EDUCATED MEN s EDUCATED PEOPLE s EDUCATED WORKERS s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EMPLOYMENT GENERATION s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT RATE s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s FEMALE EMPLOYMENT s FEMALE LABOR s FEMALE LABOR FORCE s FEMALE LITERACY s FEMALE MORTALITY s FEMALE TEACHERS s FOOD IMPORTS s FOOD NEEDS s FOOD PRICES s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SUBSIDIES s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GROWTH EFFECT s GROWTH PROCESS s HEADCOUNT POVERTY s HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HIGH POVERTY s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HUMAN CAPITAL s ILLITERACY s IMPACT OF CONFLICT s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME LEVELS s INCOMES INCREASE s INEQUITIES s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INFORMAL SECTOR s INSURANCE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION s JOB CREATION s JOB SEARCH s JOB SECURITY s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR REGULATIONS s LABOR SHARE s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIMITED JOB OPPORTUNITIES s LITERACY RATES s LOCAL ECONOMY s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MALE LABOR FORCE s MALE MORTALITY s MALNOURISHED CHILDREN s MALNUTRITION s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY s MATHEMATICS s MEASURING POVERTY s MEDIUM TERM s MORTALITY s MORTALITY RATE s MOTHER s NATURAL RESOURCE s NEGATIVE IMPACT s NUTRITION s PART TIME EMPLOYMENT s PART-TIME EMPLOYMENT s PEACE s PENSIONS s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PERSISTENT POVERTY s PLACE OF RESIDENCE s POINT DECLINE s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POOR s POOR INDIVIDUALS s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATES s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOLING s PRIMARY SOURCE s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE TRANSFERS s PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRESS s PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR JOB s PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s REGULATORY BARRIERS s REMITTANCES s RENTS s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESPECT s RICH COUNTRIES s RULE OF LAW s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOL QUALITY s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECTOR REFORMS s SECURITY SITUATION s SERVICE DELIVERY s SKILLED LABOR s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL NORMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SERVICES s SPILLOVER s STATE ENTERPRISES s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TRAINING SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES s URBAN AREAS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABILITY s WAGE GAP s WAGES s WAR s WARS s WEALTH DISTRIBUTION s WORKERS s WORKFORCE s WORKING-AGE POPULATION s YOUNG CHILDREN s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG MOTHERS s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUTH LABOR s ZAKAT English en_US Iraq appears to have firmly entered the ranks of upper middle-income countries in 2012, having experienced strong economic growth following the establishment of a civilian elected government in 2005-06. In 2012 the years of growth culminated in a per capita GDP of 2472 constant 2005 US$. This three-volume poverty and inclusion assessment provides the first in-depth analysis of Iraq's economic and social development during the period of 2007 to 2012. Volume 1 is an overview of the economic climate in Iraq, providing brushstroke descriptions of its poverty reduction plans, labor markets, public health data, and education focal points. Volume 2 is a nine-chapter report on the years between 2007 and 2012, a period of relative stability in Iraq. 2007 marks the end of sectarian violence, which lasted until 2012, prior to the militancy and insurgency in the northern governorates of the summer of 2014. The country has been a nexus of conflict and fragility since the early 1980s, and has experienced multiple types of conflict: insurgency, international war, sectarian strife, persistent terrorism, regional fragmentation, and spillovers from conflict in other countries. What should have been a promising endowment of natural resources of land, oil and gas, as well of human capital, did not provide the foundation for poverty reduction and shared prosperity. The realization of potential was confounded by war and repression. A key priority of the Government of Iraq since 2005-06 has been to fill the huge knowledge gap in terms of a deeper understanding of the state of the economy and of a range of socioeconomic indicators of welfare with the objective of building a strong evidence base for effective policy making. The rich analyses presented in this report go well beyond counting the poor. It gives an incisive understanding of the multi-layered development challenges faced by the nation, which serves as a testament to the commitment of the Government of Iraq, the staff of the Central Statistics Office, and the Kurdistan Region Statistics Office. It will form the basis for a new strategy for Iraq's development and ensure broad-based welfare improvements for the population. Volume 3 consists of nine annexes and nine references in the forms of tables, boxes, and equations used in the methodologies 40 17-11-21 00:18:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868566 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21364 Volltext, Open Access

1759723983

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723983 OCoLC 1255594681 WBOKR 21314 EBP 064565750 KEP 064565750 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21314 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO South East Europe Regular Economic Report, January 2015 Coping with Floods, Strengthening Growth World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource South east europe regular economic report no. 7 ALBANIA Bosnia and Herzegovina Eastern Europe Europe and Central Asia Kosovo Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of Montenegro North Macedonia (Formerly the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) Serbia s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY s AMOUNT OF CAPITAL s ARREARS s ASSET QUALITY s AUCTION s AVERAGE DEBT s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK ASSET s BANK LENDING s BANK PROFITABILITY s BANK RECAPITALIZATION s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR ASSETS s BANKING SECTORS s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKING SYSTEMS s BASIS POINTS s BOOK VALUE s BROAD MONEY s BUSINESS CONFIDENCE s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL STOCKS s CAPITALIZATION s CDS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s COLLATERAL s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSOLIDATION s CORRUPTION s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT LINES s CREDITORS s CURRENCY BOARD s CURRENCY BOARD ARRANGEMENT s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEBT s DEBT ACCUMULATION s DEBT ISSUANCE s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEBT SOURCE s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEMAND-SIDE FACTORS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT MOBILIZATION s DEPOSITS s DERIVATIVES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC DEBT s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICIES s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EMPLOYMENT s EQUIPMENT s EUROBOND s EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORTERS s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FINANCING SOURCES s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL POLICIES s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE s FOREIGN BANK s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVE s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HIGH-YIELD BOND s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s HOST COUNTRIES s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s INFLATION s INFLATIONS s INSOLVENCY REGIME s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE MARKETS s INTEREST EXPENDITURES s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL BOND s INTERNATIONAL BOND MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL INTEREST s INTERNATIONAL INTEREST PAYMENT s INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s ISSUANCE s JOB CREATION s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORKS s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RATIO s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOAN-TO-DEPOSIT RATIOS s LOCAL CURRENCY s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMICS s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET CONFIDENCE s MARKET REFORMS s MARKET SHARE s MATURITIES s MIGRATION s MINIMUM WAGE s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MINORITY INVESTORS s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY SUPPLY s NATIONAL BANKS s NATURAL DISASTERS s NEW MARKETS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OIL PRICES s PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS s PENSION s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PORTFOLIO QUALITY s PORTFOLIOS s PRIVATE EQUITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTION CAPACITIES s PRODUCTIVE INVESTMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SPENDING s RATES OF RETURN s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s REAL SECTOR s RECESSION s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s RESERVE s RESERVE ASSETS s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s RETURNS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK PROFILES s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SUBSIDIARIES s SUBSIDIARY s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s SURCHARGES s TAX s TAX LAWS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRANSPORT s UNEMPLOYMENT s VALUATIONS s WAGES English en_US Coping with Floods, Strengthening Growth, from the South East Europe Regular Economic Report explains that South East Europe s (SEE6) s economy is estimated to have stagnated in 2014 on the back of flood-induced contraction in Serbia and a sharp slowdown in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro. The regional economy grew 0.2 percent in 2014, insufficient to improve living standards or to make a dent in the region s high unemployment rate. External demand for SEE6 exports was a key positive contributor to economic growth in 2014 as the region s exports gained market share, despite the weak Eurozone performance and disappointing global recovery. Domestic demand remained subdued because of delayed or reduced public and private investments and weak consumption. Devastating floods in large parts of the region further weighed on the SEE6 economic activity in 2014. The weak regional economic performance masks notable differences among the SEE6 countries. In 2014, the Serbian economy is estimated to have contracted by 2 percent for a third time since the global crisis and Bosnia and Herzegovina is stagnating. Economic growth rates in Kosovo and Montenegro are estimated to have moderated in 2014. Only Albania and FYR Macedonia showed signs of a more sustained recovery on the back of increasing exports, particularly in the second half of the year. The floods were the main culprit behind the weak domestic demand and the overall sluggish economic performance in SEE6. Robust exports only partially offset the SEE6 s weak domestic demand, leaving external imbalances in vulnerability. The average fiscal deficit in SEE6 is estimated to have increased by 0.4 percent of GDP to 4.2 percent in 2014 due to faster growth in expenditures than revenues. The SEE6 region as a whole is projected to grow 1.3 percent in 2015, supported by a slowly recovering external demand, especially in Europe, and stabilization of international energy prices at around current levels 40 17-11-21 00:18:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868574 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21314 Volltext, Open Access

1759723991

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759723991 OCoLC 1255594931 WBOKR 21312 EBP 064565742 KEP 064565742 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21312 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Benefits of the ECOWAS CET and EPA Will Outweigh Costs in Nigeria, but Competitiveness is the Real Issue Antoine Coste VerfasserIn aut Erik von Uexkull VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa trade policy notes no. 43 Africa Nigeria s ADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s APPAREL s AVERAGE TARIFF s AVERAGE TARIFFS s BARRIERS TO TRADE s CAPITAL GOODS s CIVIL SOCIETY s COMMON MARKET s COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT s CONSUMER PRICES s CONSUMERS s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS DUTIES s CUSTOMS DUTY s CUSTOMS OFFICIALS s CUSTOMS UNION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES s DOMESTIC PRICE s DOMESTIC PRICES s DOMESTIC PRODUCERS s DOMESTIC PRODUCTION s DOMESTIC TAX SYSTEM s DURABLE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC STRUCTURES s EQUILIBRIUM s EUROPEAN UNION s EXCISE DUTIES s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL TARIFF s EXTRAORDINARY SESSION s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL MARKETS s GLOBAL TRADE s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s HIGH TARIFFS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s IMPACT OF TRADE s IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION s IMPORT BANS s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME LEVELS s INFANT INDUSTRIES s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTRAREGIONAL TRADE s LDCS s LEVIES s LEVY s LOW TARIFFS s MACROECONOMICS s NON-TARIFF BARRIERS s OPEN TRADE s OPEN TRADE REGIME s POLICY MAKERS s POLICY RESEARCH s POLICY RESPONSES s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL NEGOTIATIONS s PREFERENTIAL AGREEMENTS s PREFERENTIAL MARGIN s PREFERENTIAL MARKET ACCESS s PRICE CHANGE s PRICE CHANGES s PRICE OF IMPORTS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROFITABILITY s PROTECTION MEASURES s RECIPROCITY s REGIONAL GROUPINGS s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s REGIONAL TRADE s RENEGOTIATIONS s RULES OF ORIGIN s SIDE EFFECTS s TARIFF BARRIERS s TARIFF LEVELS s TARIFF LINES s TARIFF PROTECTION s TARIFF RATE s TARIFF REDUCTION s TARIFF REDUCTIONS s TARIFF REFORM s TARIFF REVENUE s TARIFF REVENUES s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TAX s TAX RATE s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TERMS OF TRADE s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE AGREEMENT s TRADE AGREEMENTS s TRADE CHANNELS s TRADE COMPETITIVENESS s TRADE DIVERSION s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE FLOWS s TRADE INTEGRATION s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE MODEL s TRADE POLICY s TRADE POLICY AGENDA s TRADE POLICY ANALYSIS s TRADE POLICY ENVIRONMENT s TRADE POLICY REFORMS s TRADE POLICY REVIEW s TRADE PREFERENCES s TRADE PROTECTION s TRADE REFORMS s TRADE REGIME s TRANSPORT COSTS s TREATY s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO s ZERO TARIFFS English en_US This note analyzes the benefits of ECOWAS Common External Tariff (CET) and Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) will outweigh costs in Nigeria, but competitiveness is the real issue. After decade-long negotiations, the ECOWAS CET and EPA with the EU recently reached decisive milestones. These major reforms should have significant impacts and offer new opportunities to West Africa, but have so far failed to garner a broad consensus, notably in Nigeria. The lack of objective and easily accessible assessments of their likely effects appears to be partly responsible for this situation. Two recent World Bank studies use a simple methodology to assess the potential impact of these reforms on Nigeria. Overall, full implementation of the CET and EPA in Nigeria would result in limited fiscal losses, marginal welfare gains for consumers and higher profits for a majority of manufacturing firms accounting for the majority of jobs in this sector. Almost all firms experiencing negative effects exhibit higher-than-average profitability before the reforms and most would remain profitable after them. The predicted magnitude of both the CET and EPA is small compared to gains that could be achieved by tackling supply-side constraints faced by Nigerian firms. Combining trade policy reforms with an ambitious competitiveness agenda that addresses the most binding constraints and promotes regional trade appears as the best way to maximize the benefits and minimize the potential cost of these reforms 40 17-11-21 00:18:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868582 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21312 Volltext, Open Access

1759724009

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724009 OCoLC 1255594932 WBOKR 21315 EBP 064565734 KEP 064565734 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21315 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Pakistan Development Update, October 2014 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ACCOUNTING s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AMORTIZATION s ARREARS s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s AUDITS s AVAILABILITY OF CREDIT s BALANCE OF PAYMENT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK DEBT s BANK FINANCING s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIS POINTS s BENEFICIARIES s BID s BOND s BOND INDEX s BONDS s BROAD MONEY s BUDGETARY SUPPORT s BULLET REPAYMENT s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS CONFIDENCE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET TRANSACTIONS s CAPITALIZATION s CASH HOLDINGS s CASH RESERVE s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK CREDIT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICES s CONCESSIONARY TAX s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s COUNTRY RISK s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT QUALITY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT ISSUE s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MATURITY s DEBT RATIO s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT STOCK s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT s DOMESTIC BANK s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC DEBT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC REFORM s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY MARKET s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FINANCIAL INFLOWS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENTS s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FIXED RATE s FOREIGN ASSET s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN INFLOWS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN PORTFOLIO s FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BORROWINGS s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT GRANTS s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HUMAN RESOURCE s IMMUNIZATION s INCOME s INFLATION s INFLATION EXPECTATIONS s INFLATION RATE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE SPREADS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL BOND s INTERNATIONAL BOND MARKET s INTERNATIONAL CREDIT s INTERNATIONAL CREDIT RATINGS s INTERNATIONAL DEBT s INTERNATIONAL DEBT MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL RESERVE s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ASSETS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE REFORMS s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT RATE s INVESTMENTS IN GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s ISSUANCE s LOAN s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN SIZE s LOCAL CURRENCY s MARKET PRICE s MARKET PRICES s MATURITY s MFI s MICRO-INSURANCE s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MICROFINANCE SECTOR s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL INVESTMENT s NATIONAL SAVINGS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OIL PRICES s PERMANENT SHOCK s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s POLITICAL UNREST s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRIVATE SECTOR GROWTH s PRIVATIZATION s PRIVATIZATIONS s PRIZE BONDS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s REFORM PROGRAM s REGULATOR s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSET s RETURNS s SAVINGS RATE s SETTLEMENT s SINKING FUND s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOVEREIGN BOND s SOVEREIGN BONDS s STATE BANK s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STOCKS s SUKUK s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s T- BILLS s T-BILL s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX RATES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TIME DEPOSITS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADING s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILL AUCTION s TREASURY BILLS s TURNOVER s UNION s UNIVERSAL ACCESS s VERTICAL INTEGRATION s VOLATILE EXCHANGE RATE s VOLATILITY s WORKING CAPITAL s YIELD CURVE English en_US For 2013 progress in Pakistan was significant and supported by a solid economic reform program of the Government of Pakistan. An IMF Extended Fund Facility (EFF) and two World Bank Development Policy Credits with a focus to restructure the energy sector, foster private and financial sector developments and improve social protection and revenue mobilization reinforced the reform program. The risk of a balance of payment crisis was minimized with a significant strengthening of the international reserves position. This mainly resulted from strong remittances and significant foreign capital inflows, which also brought stability in the foreign exchange market. A strong fiscal consolidation was achieved; the fiscal deficit was contained at around 5.5 percent of GDP - due to improved tax collection, high non-tax revenues, and restricted (current and development) expenditures. Price stabilization followed with average inflation remaining in single digits. This environment favored growth recovery, with the GDP growth rate above 4 percent for the first time in seven years - driven by dynamic manufacturing and service sectors supported by better energy availability and improved investors' expectations. As a result, performance under the IMF program remained satisfactory, with the Third Review concluded on June 27. However, since mid-August, the ongoing political uncertainty has negatively affected the macroeconomic stance and may modify the pace and depth of reforms. Some salient features of FY2013/14 economic performance were: growth re-emerged; increased remittances, capital and financial inflows supported a buildup of reserves; a significant correction of a previously loose fiscal stance took place; fiscal consolidation and improvement in business confidence produced a strong recovery in credit to the private sector, after five years of muted growth; price stability - with CPI inflation in single digit - was preserved; and progress on the structural reform agenda was promising. The political events following the mid-August Long-March and Sit-in may have affected the economy, and it also remains to be determined how much the pro-reform momentum, so carefully gathered during the past fiscal year and entering a decisive second year, will be affected by the civil unrest, but new investors' confidence-building measures will have to be nurtured to reinvigorate the reform agenda 40 17-11-21 00:18:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868590 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21315 Volltext, Open Access

1759724017

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724017 OCoLC 1255594933 WBOKR 21327 EBP 064565726 KEP 064565726 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21327 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Timor-Leste Public Investment Management from Post-Conflict Reconstruction to the 2011-2020 Strategic Development Plan Murray Petrie VerfasserIn aut Habib Rab VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource The Power of Public Investment Management South Asia Timor-Leste s ACCOUNTING s ALTERNATIVE FINANCING s APPROPRIATIONS s APR s ASSETS s AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s BENEFICIARIES s BIDDERS s BINDING CONSTRAINT s BUDGET CONSTRAINT s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET REVIEW s BUDGETING s BUSINESS ACTIVITY s BUSINESS ASSOCIATION s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CAPITAL STOCK s CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s CIVIL LAW s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES s CONTRACT AWARDS s CORRUPTION s COURT OF APPEALS s DECENTRALIZATION s DEPENDENT s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s ELECTRICITY s ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA s ENROLMENT RATES s ENTREPRENEURS s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY INTEREST s EXPENDITURES s FINANCIAL CAPACITY s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FISCAL POLICY s FUNDING SOURCES s GLOBALIZATION s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT POLICY s HOUSEHOLD ACCESS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HUMAN RESOURCE s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS s INSTRUMENT s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL FIRMS s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s INVESTMENT NEEDS s INVESTMENT PLAN s INVESTMENT PLANS s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT PROGRAMS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT PROPOSALS s JUDICIAL AUTHORITY s JUDICIAL BODY s LABOUR FORCE s LABOUR FORCE SURVEY s LACK OF INFORMATION s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LICENSES s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL BUSINESSES s MANDATES s MARKET FAILURES s NATURAL DISASTERS s OIL PRICE s OWNERSHIP INTEREST s PAYMENTS SYSTEM s PERPETUITY s PHYSICAL CAPITAL s PORTS s POST-CRISIS PERIOD s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT LAW s PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES s PROCUREMENTS s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY OF ASSET s REAL RATE OF RETURN s RECEIPTS s REFERENDUM s REVENUE MANAGEMENT s ROADS s SALARIES s SAVINGS s SCHOOL BUILDINGS s SCHOOL FACILITIES s START-UP s STATEMENTS s TAX s TAX PAYMENTS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TENDERING s TENDERS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TRUST FUNDS s VOUCHERS s WAGES s WARRANTS s WITHDRAWAL English en_US This chapter captures some of the Public Investment Management (PIM) lessons and experiences from Timor-Leste as it tried to meet urgent infrastructure demands in a post-conflict environment, which benefited from a surge in petroleum receipts. It looks at institutional changes using standard features of Public Investment Management systems starting from the immediate post-independence period in 1999 right up to the launch of Timor-Leste s Strategic Development Plan in July 2011. Increased control over domestic resources over this period, thanks to the onset of natural resource rents, gave the government more autonomy over prioritization and management of capital expenditure. It also enabled use of the Capital Budget to pursue multiple objectives including consolidating social stability, stimulating economic activity outside Dili, delivering quick results to address urgent infrastructure needs, and growth of the domestic private sector. The chapter tries to highlight some of the trade-offs that the PIM system faced in trying to meet these different objectives. It finally looks at some of the institutional reforms that the government embarked on in 2011 when the focus was shifting to large investments for long-term growth. This included centralizing selected PIM functions for large projects and decentralizing those functions for smaller projects 40 17-11-21 00:18:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868604 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21327 Volltext, Open Access

1759724025

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724025 OCoLC 1255594803 WBOKR 21317 EBP 064565718 KEP 064565718 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21317 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Philippine Economic Update, January 2015 Making Growth Work for the Poor World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Philippines s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCIDENTS s ACCOUNTING s AIR s AIR PASSENGER s AIR TRANSPORT s AIR TRAVEL s AIRLINE INDUSTRY s AIRLINE PASSENGERS s AIRPORT CONGESTION s AUDITS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK SECRECY s BANKING SECTOR s BARRIER s BARRIER TO ENTRY s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BASIS POINTS s BENEFICIARY s BID s BIDS s BOND s BOND PRICE s BOND PRICES s BOTTLENECKS s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUS s BUS FARE s CAPITAL ACCOUNTS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL BANK s CLIENT INFORMATION s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITION POLICIES s COMPETITION POLICY s COMPETITIVE MARKET s CONFIDENCE INDICES s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONGESTION s COST OF TRAVEL s CREDIT RATING s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEFICITS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS s DEPOSITOR s DEPOSITORY s DIESEL s DISBURSEMENT s DOMESTIC AIRLINES s DOMESTIC AVIATION s DOMESTIC LIQUIDITY s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC PRICES s DOMESTIC STOCK s DRIVERS s DRIVING s DURABLE s DURABLE EQUIPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC REFORMS s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ELASTICITY s EQUITIES s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENT s EXCISE TAX s EXCISE TAXES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT SECTOR s EXPORT SECTORS s EXPORTER s FAIR TRADE s FARE COLLECTION s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL VOLATILITY s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED CAPITAL s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN COMPETITION s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN EQUITY s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN PORTFOLIO s FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s FRAUD s FRAUDS s FREIGHT s FREIGHT COSTS s FUEL s FUEL EXCISE TAXES s GASOLINE s GASOLINE EXCISE s GLOBAL ECONOMIC PROSPECTS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROWTH RATES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME INSTRUMENTS s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION TARGET s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT s INTEREST INCOME s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT s INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION s INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT SPENDING s JOB CREATION s LACK OF COMPETITION s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND USE s LAND USE POLICIES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LEVY s LIBERALIZATION s LOCAL BUSINESS s MARKET PERFORMANCE s MARKET SHARE s MARKET STRUCTURE s MARKET VALUES s MARKET VOLATILITIES s MASS TRANSIT s MICRO ENTERPRISES s MOBILE PHONE s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY SUPPLY s MONOPOLIES s MONOPOLY s NET CAPITAL s O&M s OFFSHORE FINANCIAL CENTERS s OIL PRICES s OLIGOPOLIES s OLIGOPOLISTIC MARKET s OLIGOPOLY s OUTPUT s OUTSOURCING s PARTIAL DEREGULATION s PASSENGER RIGHTS s PASSENGER TRAFFIC s PERSONAL INCOME s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s PRICE VOLATILITIES s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PURCHASING POWER s REAL ESTATE s REGULATOR s REGULATORY CAPACITY s REGULATORY OVERSIGHT s REMITTANCES s RESERVE s RESERVES s RISK MANAGEMENT s ROAD s ROAD CONGESTION s ROADS s ROUTE s ROUTES s SAFETY s SAVINGS s SECRECY LAW s SECRECY LAWS s SECURITIES s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENTS s SPEEDS s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s STOCK PRICES s TAX s TAX BREAKS s TAX EXEMPTION s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX POLICY s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX REGIME s TAX RULES s TAX SYSTEM s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELEPHONE LINES s TRADE LAW s TRADING s TRANSIT SYSTEMS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT INDUSTRY s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION s TRUE s TURNOVER s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VALUATION s VALUATIONS s VEHICLES English In the third quarter of 2014 (Q3), the Philippine economy expanded by 5.3 percent its slowest pace in 11 quarters. Growth slowed down due to the contraction of government spending on the demand side and agricultural production on the supply side. The services sector the main engine of growth also slowed to its lowest level in 12 quarters. For Q3 2014 and for the first 3 quarters of 2014, Philippine growth is about average when compared to the major economies in the East Asia region. Capital outflows resulted in a full-year balance of payments deficit of about USD 3.4 billion, the first in a decade. However, the current account remains in strong surplus, supported by robust remittances, while international reserves continue to be at comfortable levels at more than 10 months of imports. Inflation started to moderate, with positive impact on both households and businesses while government spending contracted significantly in Q3 and constituted a further drag on growth. Sustaining government spending in the near-term will require significant improvements in budget planning and execution as the current 28-year old system, already at capacity, is hard pressed to support higher spending. Going forward, the Philippines needs to accelerate reforms that can translate higher growth into more inclusive growth the type that creates more and better jobs so that poverty can be reduced massively and prosperity shared by more people. Overall, the country has an investment gap (both physical and human capital) of around 6.8 percent of GDP as of 2014. The document outlines this investment gap 40 17-11-21 00:18:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868612 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21317 Volltext, Open Access

1759724033

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724033 OCoLC 1255594725 WBOKR 21323 EBP 06456570X KEP 06456570X 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21323 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ethiopia Poverty Assessment 2014 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2015 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia s agriculture s fiscal incidence analysis s gender s migration s nonf-farm enterprises s poverty reduction s safety nets s urban poverty s vulnerability s well-being English en_US In 2000 Ethiopia had one of the highest poverty rates in the world, with 56 percent of the population living on less than United States (U.S.) $1.25 purchasing power parity (PPP) a day. Ethiopian households experienced a decade of remarkable progress in wellbeing since then and by the start of this decade less than 30 percent of the population was counted as poor. This poverty assessment documents the nature of Ethiopia s success and examines its drivers. Agricultural growth drove reductions in poverty, bolstered by pro-poor spending on basic services, and effective rural safety nets. However, although there is some evidence of manufacturing growth starting to reduce poverty in urban centers at the end of the decade, structural change has been remarkably absent from Ethiopia s story of progress. The poverty assessment looks forward asking what will be needed to end extreme poverty in Ethiopia. In addition to the current successful recipe of agricultural growth and pro-poor spending, the role of the non-farm rural sector, migration, urban poverty reduction, and agricultural productivity gains for women are considered 40 17-11-21 00:18:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868620 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21323 Volltext, Open Access

1759724041

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724041 OCoLC 1255594912 WBOKR 21328 EBP 064565696 KEP 064565696 2005 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21328 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Economic Impact Analysis of Kecamatan Development Program Infrastructure Projects Anthony Torrens VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2005 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s BIKES s BUSES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CARS s CASH FLOWS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COST RECOVERY s COST RECOVERY OBJECTIVES s COST SAVINGS s DESCRIPTION s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DRAINAGE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION s EMPLOYMENT s HOUSEHOLDS s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s JOURNEYS s LEAST COST s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOCAL BUDGETS s LOCAL COMMUNITY s LOCAL CONTRACTORS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL PARTICIPATION s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MOTOR BIKE s MOTOR CYCLES s O&M s PERSONAL TRAVEL s PUBLIC WORKS s ROAD s ROAD PROJECTS s ROADS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL VILLAGES s SCHOOLS s SHOPS s SMALL COMMUNITIES s TOLL s TOWN s TOWN CENTERS s TRAFFIC s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORTATION s TRUCKS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN SETTLEMENTS s VEHICLES s VILLAGE COMMUNITIES s VILLAGE LEVEL s VILLAGES s WATER PROJECTS s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER USAGE s WEALTH English en_US The Government of Indonesia and the World Bank commissioned this independent study to conduct a post-construction economic impact analysis on 113 Kecamatan Development Program (KDP) rural infrastructure projects to determine the overall economic benefits that have accrued to the villages that planned and built infrastructure facilities according to the KDP Community Driven Development approach. This study expands on the scale and scope of the initial economic analysis that was completed for 41 KDP projects in November 2001 under KDP 1. That study was limited to calculating Economic Internal Rates of Return only. In contrast, this study focuses on three main activities: (1) Assessing tangible benefits by calculating the Economic Internal Rates of Return for the four types of KDP rural infrastructure; (2) Analysing the overall macro-economic impact of new income generated by KDP infrastructure activities within the local village economies by using (i) a General Income Multiplier Analysis and (ii) Project-Specific Quality of Life Indicators to capture certain intangible benefits that have accrued since the project s completion; and (3) Undertake a Least-Cost Analysis by re-costing KDP infrastructure projects using local contractor rates to determine what the same project would cost if tendered out by local government to local contractors 40 17-11-21 00:18:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868639 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21328 Volltext, Open Access

175972405X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972405X OCoLC 1255594920 WBOKR 21331 EBP 064565688 KEP 064565688 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21331 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO City Planning Labs A Concept for Strenghtening City Planning Capacity in Indonesia The City Form Lab VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACTION PLAN s AUTOMATION s BROADBAND s BROWSERS s BUILDING PERMIT s BUILDING PERMITS s BUSINESS ASSESSMENT s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESSES s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CITIES s CITY ADMINISTRATION s CITY COMPETITIVENESS s CITY DEPARTMENTS s CITY LEADERS s CITY PLANNERS s CITY PLANNING s CITY PLANNING CAPACITY s CLIMATE CHANGE s COLLABORATION s COLLABORATIVE PROJECTS s COMMERCE s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES s COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS s COMPETITIVENESS s CONNECTIVITY s CONSTRUCTION PERMIT s COST ANALYSIS s COST SAVINGS s COST-BENEFIT ANALYSES s CUSTOMIZATION s DATA ANALYSIS s DATA CAPTURE s DATA COLLECTION s DATA GATHERING s DATA SHARING s DATA SOURCES s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION MAKERS s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING s DEMOGRAPHICS s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DIGITAL DATA s DIGITIZATION s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISTRICT s DISTRICTS s DRINKING WATER s E-MAIL s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMPIRICAL BASIS s END USERS s END-USERS s ENTERPRISE SURVEY s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s EQUIPMENT s EXTERNAL CONSULTANTS s FUNCTIONALITIES s FUNCTIONALITY s GENERAL PUBLIC s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GRAPHICS s GREEN SPACE s HARDWARE s HEDONIC PRICING s HOUSING DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN CAPACITY s HUMAN RESOURCES s ID s IMAGE s IMAGES s IMPLEMENTATION PLAN s IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS s INCENTIVE SYSTEMS s INEFFICIENT USE OF SCARCE RESOURCES s INFORMATION DATABASE s INFORMATION FLOW s INFORMATION GAP s INFORMATION GAPS s INFORMATION SHARING s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INVENTORY s LAND USE s LAND USES s LARGE CITIES s LICENSES s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INDUSTRY s MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MANUFACTURING s MATERIAL s MAYOR s MAYORS s MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s MENU s METROPOLITAN AREA s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MISSING DATA s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS s MUNICIPALITY s OIL s OPERATING ENVIRONMENT s OPERATING SYSTEM s PARTNER ORGANIZATIONS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERSONAL INFORMATION s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY FORMULATION s POLICY INTERVENTIONS s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROGRAMS s PROVINCE s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PUBLIC FINANCING s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s QUERIES s QUERY s REGISTRIES s REGISTRY s REGULATORY AGENCIES s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY PROCESSES s REGULATORY SYSTEMS s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESULTS s SATELLITE s SEARCH s SECURITY ISSUES s SERVER s SERVERS s SERVICE SECTOR s SITES s SLUM FORMATION s SLUMS s SOCIAL INEQUALITY s SPATIAL MANAGEMENT s SPREADSHEET s STAKEHOLDERS s SUB-NATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENT s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TAX s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL EXPERTISE s TECHNICAL EXPERTS s TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE s TECHNICAL STAFF s TOURISM s TRANSACTION s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN INFORMATION s URBAN LAND s URBAN LAND USE s URBAN MANAGEMENT s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN SERVICES s URBANIZATION s USER s USES s VALUE CHAIN s VERIFICATION s WAGES s WATER SOURCES s WEB s WEB BROWSER s WEB INTERFACE English en_US The cities that emerge from Indonesia s rapid urbanization will be key determinants of the country s overall economic development and competitiveness, as well as their inclusiveness and environmental sustainability. However, without strategically planned investments, policy interventions, and institutional capacity, mismanaged urbanization could become an obstacle to sustainable growth. The city planning labs core module will be initially implemented in four cities: Surabaya, Palembang, Denpasar and Balikpapan, with two additional modules in each city. In the short term, the CPL will: (i) provide just in time , demand driven data and analysis that can feed into immediate decisions, and (ii) streamline ongoing urban management functions, such as building permitting and tax-related functions. In the medium term, it will provide cost-effective analytics to cities that can feed into planning and investment decisions, reducing the expense involved in contracting consultants during each planning cycle. In the long term, the CPL will build local technical capacity, by gathering expertise from Indonesia and international sources to work closely with local staff. Over time, external involvement will diminish as local capacity strengthens. The activities of the CPL will be conducted in modular fashion, each pertaining to a different sector. The sector modules are: instituting the city planning lab and spatial growth analytics (core module); city economic competitiveness; slum analytics and management systems; climate and risk resilience planning systems; and monitoring land and real estate markets 40 17-11-21 00:18:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868647 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21331 Volltext, Open Access

1759724068

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724068 OCoLC 1255594821 WBOKR 21318 EBP 06456567X KEP 06456567X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21318 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Benchmarking the Determinants of Economic Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean Jorge Thompson Araujo VerfasserIn aut Markus Brueckner VerfasserIn aut Mateo Clavijo VerfasserIn aut Ekaterina Vostroknutova VerfasserIn aut Konstantin M. Wacker VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean s ABSOLUTE VALUE s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACTUAL GROWTH s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AGGREGATE PRODUCTION FUNCTION s AGGREGATE SUPPLY s AGGREGATE SUPPLY CURVE s ANNUAL GROWTH s AVERAGE GROWTH s AVERAGE GROWTH RATES s AVERAGE INCOME s AVERAGE INCOME GROWTH s BANKING CRISIS s BENCHMARKING s BENCHMARKS s BUREAUCRACY s CAPITA INCOME GROWTH s CAPITAL ACCUMULATION s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL STOCK s CITIZENS s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPLEMENTARITIES s CORRELATION COEFFICIENT s CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS s CORRUPTION s COUNTRY LEVEL s COUNTRY REGRESSIONS s CREDIT CONSTRAINTS s CRISES s CURRENCY APPRECIATION s CYCLICAL REVERSION s DEPENDENT VARIABLE s DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS s DETERMINANTS OF GROWTH s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION s DOMESTIC CREDIT/GDP s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DYNAMIC MODEL s DYNAMIC PANEL s ECONOMETRICS s ECONOMIC DEPRESSION s ECONOMIC DOWNTURNS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC GROWTH RATE s ECONOMIC THEORY s ECONOMICS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ELASTICITY s EMPIRICAL GROWTH LITERATURE s EMPIRICAL MODEL s EMPIRICAL STUDIES s ENDOGENOUS VARIABLES s ERROR TERM s ESTIMATED COEFFICIENT s ESTIMATED COEFFICIENTS s EXCHANGE RATE MISALIGNMENT s EXPLANATORY VARIABLES s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL CONDITIONS s EXTERNAL FACTORS s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FACTOR ACCUMULATION s FINANCIAL CONDITIONS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED EFFECTS s FLUCTUATIONS s FORECASTS s GDP PER CAPITA s GOVERNANCE INDICATORS s GOVERNMENT CONSUMPTION s GOVERNMENT EFFECTIVENESS s GROWTH ACCOUNTING s GROWTH DETERMINANTS s GROWTH EFFECT s GROWTH EFFECTS s GROWTH EPISODE s GROWTH MEAN s GROWTH PERFORMANCE s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s GROWTH REGRESSIONS s GROWTH VOLATILITY s HIGH GROWTH s HIGH INCOME s HIGH INFLATION s HIGH TAXES s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s IMPROVING GOVERNANCE s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME PER CAPITA s INCREASE IN LABOR s INFLATION LEVELS s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION RATES s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL PERFORMANCE s INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY s INSTITUTIONAL REFORM s INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS s INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLES s INTERACTION TERM s INTEREST RATES s LABOR FORCE s LABOR INPUT s LAGGED CHANGES s LAGGED DEPENDENT s LAGGED GROWTH s LAGGED LEVELS s LEVEL OF INCOME s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s LONG RUN s LONG-TERM GROWTH s LOW INFLATION s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION s MACROECONOMIC VOLATILITY s MACROECONOMICS s MARKET ECONOMIES s MEASUREMENT ERROR s MONETARY POLICY s NEGATIVE IMPACT s NEGATIVE IMPACT ON GROWTH s NEOCLASSICAL GROWTH MODEL s NEOCLASSICAL GROWTH MODELS s NEOCLASSICAL GROWTH THEORY s NET EXPORTS s OUTPUT PER CAPITA s PER CAPITA GROWTH s PER CAPITA INCOME s POLICY AREAS s POLICY DEBATE s POLICY REFORMS s POLICY VARIABLES s POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS s POLITICAL STABILITY s POOR COUNTRIES s POOR GROWTH s POTENTIAL OUTPUT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE LEVELS s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIVATE DOMESTIC s PRO-POOR s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL GDP s REDUCING POVERTY s REGRESSION MODEL s REGULATORY QUALITY s RICH COUNTRIES s SAFETY NETS s SERIAL CORRELATION s SIGNIFICANT EFFECT s SIGNIFICANT IMPACT s SOCIAL VARIABLES s STABILIZATION POLICIES s STABILIZATION POLICY s STAGNATION s STANDARD DEVIATION s STANDARD ERRORS s STRUCTURAL POLICIES s TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELEPHONE LINES s TELEPHONES s TRADABLE SECTORS s TRADE OPENNESS s TRADE VOLUME/GDP s WEALTH English en_US The Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region has seen a decade of remarkable growth and income convergence. Growth has been a key driver for reducing poverty and boosting shared prosperity. It has been debated how much of this decade of growth has been driven by policy reforms and how much was due to the favorable external conditions. While external factors were supportive and relevant, the effect of domestic policies was just as relevant for explaining LAC's recent growth performance. The emphasis of domestic policy has shifted from stabilization policies to structural policies. In addition, a benchmarking exercise reveals which policy gaps will lead to the highest potential growth-payoffs for each country and helps identify potential trade-offs. The authors analyze growth in LAC using descriptive statistics and growth econometrics. The authors use these results for explaining the pattern of growth in LAC over the last decade, for looking ahead, and to identify potential policy gaps 40 17-11-21 00:18:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868655 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21318 Volltext, Open Access

1759724076

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724076 OCoLC 1255594789 WBOKR 21319 EBP 064565661 KEP 064565661 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21319 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Opportunities and Strategies for Mainstreaming Open Data in Transport Projects in St. Petersburg World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Russian Federation s BENEFITS s IMPROVEMENT OF URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM PROJECT s OPEN TRANSPORT DATA s PARKING INFORMATION s PASSENGER INFORMATION s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRANSPORT INFORMATION SYSTEMS English en_US The World Bank conducted this study of the potential for Open Transport Data in St. Petersburg as part of the preparations for the Improvement of Urban Transport Systems Project in Russia. It is principally intended for use by the St. Petersburg transportation authorities, the Federal Ministry of Transport and the Project Implementation Unit in considering and implementing open data as part of the new systems being developed as part of the Project. There are already good examples of transport information systems in St. Petersburg. Most of this information is not currently available for external use, but in the cases where it has been made available, for instance by the Agency 'Organizer of Transportation' for real-time bus information; this has been welcomed and well-used by citizens and authorities, despite some current limitations. Within the St. Petersburg component of Improvement of Urban Transport Systems Project there are plans for more transport information systems, including parking information, traffic management and passenger information systems. The conclusion of this report is that the social, economic and environmental benefits of the St. Petersburg project would be enhanced by the greater availability and use by travelers and others of the information collected by these planned systems. Making the information available as Open Transport Data and allowing it to be used for development of innovative third-party applications would be a relatively easy and cost-effective way of leveraging the planned investment to ensure that the information reached the largest number of travelers. Doing so will maximize the desired behavioral changes that drive the benefits and improve the overall return on investment 40 17-11-21 00:18:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868663 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21319 Volltext, Open Access

1759724084

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724084 OCoLC 1255594926 WBOKR 21320 EBP 064565653 KEP 064565653 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21320 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Open Data for Economic Growth in Russia World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Russian Federation s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ADVERTISING s ANNUAL REPORT s ARCHETYPES s AVAILABILITY OF DATA s BROADBAND s BUSINESS ADOPTION s BUSINESS INNOVATION s BUSINESS MODEL s BUSINESS MODELS s BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS s BUSINESSES s BUYERS s CAPABILITY s CATALOGUE s CHANGE MANAGEMENT s CITIES s COMMERCE s COMMUNITIES s CONSUMER MARKET s CONTENTS s COPYRIGHT s DATA ACCESS s DATA POLICIES s DATA SERVICES s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING s DELIVERY SERVICES s DISPLAY SCREENS s DOMAINS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELECTRICITY s END USERS s END-USER s END-USERS s ENGINEERS s GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM s GOOD PRACTICE s GPS s HARDWARE s ICT s IDEA s IDEAS s INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE s INFORMATION POLICIES s INNOVATIONS s INNOVATIVE IDEA s INNOVATIVE IDEAS s INSIGHTS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s LEADING s LICENSE s MARKET OPPORTUNITIES s MARKET OPPORTUNITY s MARKETING s METADATA s NAVIGATION s NEW IDEAS s NEW PRODUCTS s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s ONE-STOP SHOP s OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE s PDF s PHOTO s PORTALS s PRIVACY s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPRIETARY KNOWLEDGE s PROTOTYPE s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC SECTOR INFORMATION s REGISTRY s RESULT s RESULTS s SEARCH s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS s SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT s STRUCTURES s SUCCESSFUL INNOVATIONS s SYSTEMS INTEGRATION s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES s THIRD-PARTY PROVIDERS s USER s USERS s USES s VALUE CHAIN s WEB s WEBSITE English en_US The report reviews the latest data about companies using open data, and highlights four companies which did not exist ten years ago, which are driven by open data, and which are each now valued at around $1 billion or more. It discusses the five archetypical types of businesses using Open Data, and cites concrete examples of each, and discusses the types of data which are proving most likely to lead to widespread business adoption and innovation. One of the examples of successful open data companies is Zillow with a market capitalization of over $3 billion, provides a home and real estate on-line marketplace. Climate Corp, acquired for $930 million by Monsanto in October 2013, uses 60 years of detailed crop yield data, weather observations from one million locations in the United States and 14 terabytes of soil quality data - all free from the US Government, to provide applications that help farmers improve their profits by making better informed operating and financing decisions. The paper suggests that since Open Data is relatively new in Russia it is unsurprising that there is less evidence of actual economic returns so far. Nevertheless rapid progress has been made, with the successful publication of over 500 datasets as promised by July 2013. Subsequently the first version of the Russian Open Data portal data.gov.ru has been launched, and already contains close to 1300 datasets. In addition to the release of data from Ministries of the Russian Federation there have been creditable Open Data initiatives in several regions, with 8 regional open data portals, and in major cities such as Moscow and St Petersburg. There is no fundamental reason why Russia should not be able to exploit the economic advantages of open data for itself, and indeed why Russia should not be a global leader in the exploitation of Open Data elsewhere in the region and globally. In addition to the available data and well-advanced digitization of the government, Russia has active venture capital sector with both state and private sources of capital, high-speed broadband and mobile internet infrastructure and necessary technical skills. The report makes some recommendations for policies and actions which the Government of the Russian Federation could take to maximize the economic growth possible from their data, and suggests that the Government should see itself not only as a Supplier of open data but also as a leader, catalyst and user of it 40 17-11-21 00:18:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868671 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21320 Volltext, Open Access

1759724092

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724092 OCoLC 1255594748 WBOKR 21325 EBP 064565645 KEP 064565645 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21325 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Central America Big Data in Action for Development World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Central America Latin America & Caribbean s ACCESS TO THE INTERNET s ADVERTISING s ANIMATIONS s APPLICATION PROGRAMMING s BEHAVIORS s BIBLIOGRAPHY s BOUNDARIES s BUSINESSES s CAPABILITIES s CATALOGUING s CELL PHONE s CELL PHONES s CITIES s CITIZEN INVOLVEMENT s COLLABORATION s COMMERCIAL BUSINESSES s COMMODITY s COMMUNICATION METHODS s COMMUNITIES s COMPETITORS s COMPLEX SYSTEMS s COMPLEXITY s COMPUTER SCIENCE s COMPUTER SCIENTISTS s COMPUTERS s CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK s CONNECTIVITY s CONTENTS s COORDINATION MECHANISMS s COPYRIGHT s CREDIT CARD s CREDIT CARD COMPANIES s CREDIT CARD TRANSACTIONS s CREDIT CARDS s CRIMINAL GROUP s CUSTOMER DATA s DATA ACCESS s DATA ANALYSIS s DATA COLLECTION s DATA MODELING s DATA PROCESSING s DATA SOURCES s DAY-TO-DAY OPERATIONS s DECISION MAKERS s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING s DELIVERY TIMES s DISCUSSION s DOCUMENTS s E-MAIL s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EDITING s EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPLORATION s EXTRACTING s FILINGS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FLASH s FORECASTING TECHNIQUES s FRAUD s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GPS s GRAMMAR s HARDWARE s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPACITY s ICT s IDEA s IDEAS s IMAGE s IMAGES s IMAGINATION s IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS s INDEXES s INDICES s INFERENCE s INFORMATION EXTRACTION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRARED s INFRARED DATA s INNOVATION s INSIGHTS s INSTANT MESSAGING s INSTITUTION s INTEGRATION s INTELLIGENCE s INTERFACES s INTEROPERABILITY s INTUITION s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s KNOWLEDGE SOCIETIES s LANGUAGE TRANSLATION s LEADING s LEARNING s LICENSES s LITERACY s LITERATURE s MACHINE LEARNING s MANUFACTURING s MARKETING s MARKETING STRATEGY s MATERIAL s MEDIA s METADATA s METRICS s MOBILE DEVICES s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE PHONES s MOBILE SERVICES s MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE s NATURAL RESOURCE s NECESSARY SKILLS s NETWORK DATA s NETWORKS s NUMBERS s ONLINE PRICE s ONLINE RETAILERS s OPERATING SYSTEMS s PERSONAL DATA s PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s PILOT PROJECT s PRACTITIONERS s PRICE INFORMATION s PRIVACY s PRIVACY CONCERNS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCT INFORMATION s PROGRAMS s PROTOTYPE s PUBLIC OPINION s QUERIES s QUERY s RAW DATA s READING s REAL-TIME DATA s REFERENCE MATERIAL s RELATIONAL DATABASE s REPOSITORIES s RESEARCHER s RESEARCHERS s RESULT s RESULTS s RETAIL PRICES s RETAIL SALES s SAFETY ISSUES s SATELLITE s SATELLITES s SEARCH s SEARCH QUERIES s SEARCHES s SERVER s SILOS s SITES s SOCIAL NETWORKS s SOCIOECONOMIC DATA s SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT s SOURCES OF INFORMATION s SPEAKING s SUPPLY CHAIN s TAXONOMY s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES s TELEPHONE s TEXT s THINKING s TRANSACTION s TRANSLATING s TRANSLATION SERVICES s UCT s USER s USERS s USES s VARIETY s VIDEO s WEB s WEBSITES English en_US This report stemmed from a World Bank pilot activity to explore the potential of big data to address development challenges in Central American countries. As part of this activity we collected and analyzed a number of examples of leveraging big data for development. Because of the growing interest in this topic this report makes available to a broader audience those examples as well as the underlying conceptual framework to think about big data for development. To make effective use of big data, many practitioners emphasize the importance of beginning with a question instead of the data itself. A question clarifies the purpose of utilizing big data, whether it is for awareness, understanding, and/or forecasting. In addition, a question suggests the kinds of real-world behaviors or conditions that are of interest. These behaviors are encoded into data through some generating process which includes the media through which behavior is captured. Then various data sources are accessed, prepared, consolidated and analyzed. This ultimately gives rise to insights into the question of interest, which are implemented to effect changes in the relevant behaviors. Utilizing big data for any given endeavor requires a host of capabilities. Hardware and software capabilities are needed for interaction of data from a variety of sources in a way which is efficient and scalable. Human capabilities are needed not only to make sense of data but to ensure a question-centered approach, so that insights are actionable and relevant. To this end, cooperation between development experts as well as social scientists and computer scientists is extremely important 40 17-11-21 00:18:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986868X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21325 Volltext, Open Access

1759724106

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724106 OCoLC 1255594814 WBOKR 21333 EBP 064565637 KEP 064565637 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21333 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rapid Appraisal of PNPM Neighborhood Development (and Poverty Alleviation Partnership Grant Mechanism) Risye Dwiyani VerfasserIn aut Nina Schuler VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BEST PRACTICES s BUDGETING s CITIES s CITY PLANNING s COLLABORATION s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT s COMMUNITY GROUPS s COMMUNITY ISSUES s COMMUNITY LEADERS s COMMUNITY MAPPING s COMMUNITY MEETINGS s COMMUNITY MEMBERS s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMPLEXITY s CRIME s DATA COLLECTION s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING s DESCRIPTION s DISCUSSION s DISCUSSIONS s DOCUMENTS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EXPERIMENTATION s FACILITATORS s FIELD VISITS s GOOD PRACTICE s HOMES s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSES s HOUSING s HOUSING IMPROVEMENTS s HUMAN RESOURCE s IDEA s IDEAS s IDENTITY s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT s INNOVATION s INNOVATIONS s INTERVENTIONS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s LAND TENURE s LEARNING s LESSONS LEARNED s LOCAL BUSINESSES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCALITIES s LOGIC s MICRO CREDITS s NEIGHBORHOOD s NEIGHBORHOODS s OUTREACH s PILOT PROJECTS s POOR HOUSING s POTENTIAL INVESTMENTS s PROJECT APPRAISAL s PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION s REFERENDUM s RETENTION s SANITATION s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT UPGRADING s SLUM s SLUM AREAS s SLUM UPGRADING s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL MARKETING s SPATIAL PLANNING s THINKING s TRANSPARENCY s TRUSTEE s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN ENVIRONMENTS s URBAN PLANNERS s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN POOR s URBAN POVERTY s URBAN PROGRAMS s URBAN PROJECTS s URBAN SETTLEMENTS s URBAN UPGRADING s URBAN UPGRADING PROJECTS s VISION s WASTE s YOUTH English en_US The World Bank has had a long history of supporting community driven development and urban upgrading projects in Indonesia, reaching back to the 1970's. The primary approach of all program nasional pemberdayaana masyarakat (PNPM) urban projects is to provide block grants at the kelurahan level to community trusts (BKM) that work with their communities to identify, plan, and implement activities (largely infrastructure) to improve urban settlements and support poverty alleviation efforts. In 2009, the World Bank and the Government of Indonesia launched two new pilot programs to build upon the success and lessons of PNPM urban. These pilots were PNPM urban poverty alleviation partnership grant (PAPG) and PNPM urban neighborhood development (ND). To support project learning, the World Bank has commissioned this rapid appraisal of PNPM PAPG and ND with an aim to review broadly what is working, what isn t working and what improvements can be made explicitly with an aim to inform a future round of World Bank supported urban project(s) that will include a scale up of the PNPM ND approach while integrating some key elements from PAPG (a hybrid approach). It should be noted that the scaling up of PNPM urban ND has the potential to result in one of the world s largest community driven slum upgrading programs. The paper is divided into three sections. It begins with a brief overview of the study methodology. It outlines the project s design structure and key assumptions, providing an analysis of each of the main project assumptions and inputs with lessons learned from the field visits. The final section offers project specific recommendations. An extensive annex has also been provided which includes brief overviews of each of the sites visited 40 17-11-21 00:18:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868698 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21333 Volltext, Open Access

1759724114

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724114 OCoLC 1255594949 WBOKR 21326 EBP 064565629 KEP 064565629 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21326 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tajikistan Higher Education Sector Study World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s FINANCING s GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK s HIGHER EDUCATION QUALITY s HIGHER EDUCATION REFORMS s HIGHER EDUCATION RELEVANCE s INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s QUALITY ASSURANCE TRENDS English en_US The introduction provides background on higher education reforms in Tajikistan and the rationale for this study. Chapter one presents an overview of the higher education system. Chapter two outlines the system-wide governance framework for Tajikistan s higher education system. It examines the regulatory framework governing higher education, system-level and institutional-level governance, stakeholders participation, and corruption. Chapter three reviews international trends in quality assurance as a benchmark for Tajikistan and examines Tajikistan s existing quality assurance system. Chapter four analyzes the higher education financing model in Tajikistan. Chapter five assesses the feasibility of using Information and Communication Technologies to improve access, quality, and relevance of higher education in Tajikistan. It also presents the results of an innovative pilot project to apply ICT-based solutions for higher education challenges. Chapter six concludes with a summary of findings and policy recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:18:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868701 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21326 Volltext, Open Access

1759724122

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724122 OCoLC 1255594829 WBOKR 21276 EBP 064565610 KEP 064565610 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21276 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Moldova Forest Policy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Moldova s AFFORESTATION ACTIVITIES s AFFORESTATION PROJECTS s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL LAND USE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURE s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY s ARABLE LAND s ASH s BIODIVERSITY s BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION s BIODIVERSITY ENHANCEMENT s BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY s BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY s BIOMASS ENERGY s BIOMASS USE s BOTANY s CALCULATION s CARBON s CARBON MARKET s CARBON REMOVAL s CARBON SEQUESTRATION s CARBON STOCKS s CHEMICALS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s COMMUNITY FOREST s COMMUNITY FORESTRY s COMMUNITY FORESTS s CONIFERS s CULTIVATION s DEFORESTATION s DEGRADED FORESTS s DEGRADED LAND s DEGRADED LANDS s DEMAND FOR WOOD s DROUGHT s DROUGHTS s ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES s ECOLOGY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC FACTORS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIC VALUE s ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT s ECOSYSTEM SERVICES s EMISSION s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS s EMISSIONS TARGETS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES s ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY s ENVIRONMENTS s EROSION s EXPENDITURES s FIRE WOOD s FIREWOOD s FISHERMEN s FODDER s FOREST s FOREST ACTIVITIES s FOREST ADMINISTRATION s FOREST AGENCY s FOREST AREA s FOREST AREAS s FOREST AUTHORITIES s FOREST AUTHORITY s FOREST BIOMASS s FOREST CERTIFICATION s FOREST CODE s FOREST COMMUNITY s FOREST COMPANIES s FOREST COVER s FOREST CRIMES s FOREST DEGRADATION s FOREST DEVELOPMENT s FOREST ECOSYSTEM s FOREST ECOSYSTEMS s FOREST ENTERPRISE s FOREST FIRES s FOREST GENETIC RESOURCES s FOREST GOVERNANCE s FOREST GROWTH s FOREST INSTITUTIONS s FOREST LAND s FOREST LAW s FOREST LAW ENFORCEMENT s FOREST LEGISLATION s FOREST MANAGEMENT s FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN s FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANNING s FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANS s FOREST MONITORING s FOREST ORGANIZATIONS s FOREST OWNER s FOREST OWNERS s FOREST POLICY s FOREST PROPERTIES s FOREST RESEARCH s FOREST RESOURCE s FOREST RESOURCE USE s FOREST RESOURCES s FOREST SECTOR s FOREST SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FOREST SITE s FOREST STEWARDSHIP s FOREST VEGETATION s FORESTERS s FORESTRY s FORESTRY ACTIVITIES s FORESTRY COMPANIES s FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT s FORESTRY INSTITUTIONS s FORESTRY ISSUES s FORESTRY LEGISLATION s FORESTRY PRODUCTS s FORESTRY RESEARCH s FORESTRY SECTOR s FORESTS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s GHG s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s HUNTING s HUNTING AREAS s HYDROLOGY s ILLEGAL HUNTING s LAKES s LAND AREA s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND FOR AFFORESTATION s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND PROTECTION s LAND RESOURCES s LAND-USE s LAND-USE CHANGE s LANDSCAPE s LOGGING s LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY s LOW-CARBON s MANAGED FORESTS s NATIONAL FOREST FUND s NATIONAL FOREST INVENTORY s NATIONAL FOREST RESOURCE s NATIONAL FOREST RESOURCES s NATIONAL FOREST STRATEGY s NATIONAL FORESTRY s NATURAL RESERVES s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s PASTURES s PLANTING s POLICY MAKERS s POLLUTION s PP s PRECIPITATION s PRESENT VALUE s PRIVATE FORESTS s PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS s PUBLIC FOREST MANAGEMENT s PURCHASING POWER s RAIN s RAINFALL s REGENERATION s RESEARCH AGENDA s SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH s SILVICULTURE s SOIL DEGRADATION s SOIL EROSION s STATE FOREST s STATE FOREST ENTERPRISES s STATE FORESTRY s STATE FORESTRY ENTERPRISES s STATE FORESTS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE FOREST s SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY s SUSTAINABLE LAND s SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE LEVEL s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF FORESTS s SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION s TEMPERATURE s THUNDERSTORMS s TIMBER s TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS s TIMBER PROCESSING s TIMBER PRODUCTS s TIMBER SALES s TREE SPECIES s TREES s URBAN AREAS s WAGES s WATER QUALITY s WATERSHED s WATERSHED MANAGEMENT s WILDLIFE s WOOD s WOOD ENERGY s WOOD HARVESTING s WOOD PROCESSING s WOOD PRODUCTION s WOOD PRODUCTS s WOOD RESOURCES s WOOD SUPPLY s WOODLANDS s WOODY BIOMASS pha English en_US This forest policy note (FPN) offers an outside view of the Moldovan forestry sector, provides some strategic guidance to help define sector goals, and identifies opportunities for consideration in the continued development of the sector and for the implementation of the Moldova and World Bank (WB) country partnership strategy (CPS). This study is based on a number of short visits to Moldova and on a number of background studies undertaken during the implementation of both phases of the European neighborhood and partnership instrument (ENPI) east countries, forest law enforcement and governance (FLEG) program. The WB CPS for Moldova recognizes that the forestry sector plays an important role for competitiveness and climate change but has not received the attention it deserves. This FPN builds on previous work within the forestry sector. It aims to inform the WB project formulation process and the forestry sector by reviewing the sector and highlighting the main policy issues and identifying possible actions 40 17-11-21 00:18:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986871X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21276 Volltext, Open Access

1759724130

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724130 OCoLC 1255594858 WBOKR 21279 EBP 064565602 KEP 064565602 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21279 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Growth Volatility in Paraguay Sources, Effects, and Options, Volume 2. Supplementary Volume with Selected Background Papers World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Paraguay s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCOUNTING s ADVERSE IMPACT s AGGREGATE INVESTMENT s AGGREGATE SUPPLY s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURE s ASSET PRICES s AUTOREGRESSION s AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK POLICY s BENCHMARK s BORROWING s BUSINESS CYCLE s BUSINESS CYCLE VOLATILITY s BUSINESS CYCLES s CAPITAL ALLOCATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL RETURNS s CAPITAL SHARE s CAPITAL SHARES s CAPITAL STOCK s CAPITAL STOCKS s CENTRAL BANK s COLLECTIVE BARGAINING s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMERS s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT MARKET s CREDIT MARKETS s CREDITORS s DEBT s DEMAND ANALYSIS s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING ECONOMIES s DEVELOPING ECONOMY s DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS s DIRECT VALUE s DISCOUNT RATE s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC INTEREST RATE s DOMESTIC PRICE s DRIVERS s DUMMY VARIABLES s ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s ECONOMIC OUTCOMES s ECONOMIC RESEARCH s ECONOMIC THEORY s ECONOMIC TIME SERIES s ECONOMICS s EFFECT OF VOLATILITY s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING ECONOMY s EMPLOYMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORT SHARE s EXPORT SHARES s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FACTOR MARKETS s FACTORS OF PRODUCTION s FINANCIAL CONDITIONS s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL INFLOWS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SHOCKS s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FORECLOSURE s FOREIGN DEMAND s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FORMAL ANALYSIS s GDP s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM s GINI COEFFICIENT s GLOBAL BUSINESS s GLOBAL ECONOMIC PROSPECTS s GOVERNMENT CONSUMPTION s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH VOLATILITY s HIGH INCOME s HIGHER VOLATILITY s HOLDING s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCREASE IN VOLATILITY s INDEBTED HOUSEHOLDS s INFLATION s INFLATION EXPECTATIONS s INFLATIONARY EXPECTATIONS s INNOVATION s INNOVATIONS s INSTRUMENT s INSURER s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE SHOCK s INTEREST RATE SHOCKS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CREDIT s INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS s INTERNATIONAL INTEREST s INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND s INVENTORIES s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s LABOR ALLOCATION s LABOR EFFICIENCY s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LINK BETWEEN VOLATILITY s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS s LOW INTEREST RATES s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s MACROECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS s MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s MACROECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY s MACROECONOMIC VOLATILITY s MACROECONOMICS s MARGINAL PRODUCT s MARGINAL PRODUCTS s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DISTORTIONS s MEASURE OF VOLATILITY s MIDDLE INCOME s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MONETARY ECONOMICS s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL INCOME s NATURAL DISASTERS s NET EXPORTS s NOMINAL INTEREST RATE s OIL PRICE s OPEN ECONOMIES s OPEN ECONOMY s OUTPUT GAP s OUTPUT VOLATILITY s OUTPUTS s PAYROLL TAXES s POLITICAL ECONOMY s PORTFOLIO s POSITIVE EFFECTS s PRICE CHANGES s PRICE FLUCTUATIONS s PRICE MOVEMENTS s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE CREDIT BUREAU s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCTION FUNCTION s PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS s PRODUCTION STRUCTURE s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC REGISTRY s RAPID GROWTH s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL GDP s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s REAL INTEREST RATES s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s RETURN s REVIEW OF ECONOMICS s SAVINGS s SEASONAL FLUCTUATIONS s SHORT-TERM INTEREST RATE s SMALL ECONOMY s STANDARD DEVIATION s STICKY WAGES s T-BILL s T-BILL RATE s TAX s TAX BASE VARIABILITY s TAX RATES s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE SHOCKS s UTILITY FUNCTION s VALUE ADDED s VOLATILE ECONOMIES s VOLATILITIES s VOLATILITY s VOLATILITY MEASURES s WAGES s WEALTH s WEALTH EFFECTS s WORKING CAPITAL s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s WORLD FINANCIAL MARKETS s WORLD MARKETS English en_US This supplementary volume of the study on Growth Volatility in Paraguay—Sources, Effects, and Options provides a number of background papers and material that was prepared as part of this study. The topics are closely linked with the overarching story telling presented in the first volume of the report. 1) Business Cycles Accounting for Paraguay, by Viktoria Hnatkovska and Friederike (Fritzi) Koehler-Geib. 2) Agricultural Performance and Macroeconomic Outcomes in Paraguay, by Hakan Berument. 3) Paraguayan Agricultural and Macroeconomic Performance: A Wavelet Approach, by Hakan Berument. 4) A study of the Volatility of the Agricultural GDP in Paraguay and its impact in the Rest of the Economy, by Dionisio Borda, Franchesco Anichini, and Julio Ramirez 40 17-11-21 00:18:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868728 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21279 Volltext, Open Access

1759724149

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724149 OCoLC 1255594928 WBOKR 21278 EBP 064565599 KEP 064565599 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21278 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Growth Volatility in Paraguay Sources, Effects, and Options World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Paraguay s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCESS TO INSURANCE s ACCOUNTING s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURE s AUTOREGRESSION s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BONDS s BROKERS s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUSINESS CYCLE s BUSINESS CYCLE VOLATILITY s BUSINESS CYCLES s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES s CAPACITY CONSTRAINT s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL RETURNS s CAPITAL STOCKS s CASE STUDIES s CENTRAL BANK s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CREDIT MARKET s CREDIT MARKETS s CREDIT RISK s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CYCLICAL FISCAL POLICY s DEBT s DEBT POLICY s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING ECONOMIES s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DISTORTION s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKETS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC EFFECTS s ECONOMIC FORECASTING s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s ECONOMIC THEORY s EFFECTS OF VOLATILITY s ELASTICITY s EMERGING ECONOMIES s ENTRY POINTS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATIONS s EXCHANGE RATE REGIME s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT SECTOR s EXPORT SHARE s EXPORTS s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FACTORS OF PRODUCTION s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED COSTS s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE REGIME s FORECASTS s FOREIGN DEMAND s FOREIGN FINANCING s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FORESTRY s FUTURE GROWTH s GINI COEFFICIENT s GLOBAL INTEREST s GOVERNMENT CONSUMPTION s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROWTH PERFORMANCE s GROWTH RATES s GROWTH VOLATILITY s HIGHER VOLATILITY s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPACT OF VOLATILITY s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME TAX s INCREASE IN VOLATILITY s INFLATION s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURANCE POLICY s INSURERS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE SHOCK s INTEREST RATE SHOCKS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL CREDIT s INTERNATIONAL INTEREST s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INVENTORIES s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s LABOR MARKET s LATE PAYMENTS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIQUIDITY s LONG-TERM INVESTMENT s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC RISK s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION s MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES s MACROECONOMIC VOLATILITY s MARGINAL PRODUCTS s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DISTORTIONS s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET RISKS s MARKET STRUCTURE s MIDDLE INCOME s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MONOPOLY s MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS s NATURAL DISASTER s NEGATIVE SHOCK s NEGATIVE SHOCKS s OIL s OIL PRICES s OUTPUT VOLATILITY s PAYROLL TAXES s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION SYSTEM s PER CAPITA INCOME s POLICY INSTRUMENTS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTIES s PORTFOLIO s PRICE CHANGES s PRICE EXPECTATIONS s PRICE VARIATIONS s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR GROWTH s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFIT MARGINS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC PENSION s PURCHASING POWER s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL GDP s REAL GROWTH RATES s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s REAL INTEREST RATES s REMITTANCES s RISK DIVERSIFICATION s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT TOOL s RISK PREMIUM s SHORT-TERM INTEREST RATE s SOVEREIGN BONDS s STANDARD DEVIATION s STICKY WAGES s TAX s TAX POLICY s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAXATION s TERMS OF TRADE s TOTAL COSTS s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE SHOCKS s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILL RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT s VALUE ADDED s VOLATILE ENVIRONMENT s VOLATILITY s VOLATILITY TRENDS s WEATHER DERIVATIVES s WEATHER PATTERNS s WELFARE GAINS s WORKING CAPITAL s WORLD FINANCIAL MARKETS English en_US The purpose of the current study is to contribute to a deeper understanding of growth volatility in Paraguay and to provide an input into the discussion on how to better manage it. In particular, the study will ask three questions: i) what are the sources of volatility in Paraguay? ii) How does growth volatility, in particular that arising from the strong dependence on the agricultural sector, impact the rest of the economy? iii) What are optimal policies for managing the types of volatility observed in Paraguay? 40 17-11-21 00:18:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868736 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21278 Volltext, Open Access

1759724157

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724157 OCoLC 1255594816 WBOKR 21281 EBP 064565580 KEP 064565580 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21281 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO A Public Expenditure Review for Paraguay Supplementary Volume with Selected Background Papers World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Paraguay s ADMINISTRATIVE CLASSIFICATION s AGGREGATE FISCAL s AGGREGATE PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s AGRICULTURE s ARTICLE s BANKING CRISIS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BENEFIT INCIDENCE ANALYSIS s BUDGET DEFICITS s CAPITAL ACCUMULATION s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL SPENDING s CAPITAL STOCK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s COUNTRY RISK s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT FACILITIES s CURRENT LEVEL OF DEBT s CYCLICAL VARIATIONS s DEBT s DEBT CRISIS s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DUMMY VARIABLES s ECONOMETRIC MODELS s ECONOMETRICS s ECONOMIC CYCLE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ELASTICITIES s ELASTICITY s ELECTRICITY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE BUDGET s EXPENDITURES ON HEALTH s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL GRANTS s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTREME POVERTY s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL POSITION s FINANCIAL RISK s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL ACCOUNTS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL CONDITION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL EXPENDITURE s FISCAL EXPENDITURES s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FISCAL OPERATIONS s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL RESULTS s FISCAL REVENUE s FISCAL RULE s FISCAL SURPLUS s FISCAL TARGET s FISCAL TRANSPARENCY s FISCAL VARIABLES s FIXED CAPITAL s FOREIGN TRADE s GDP s GENERAL TAXES s GINI COEFFICIENT s GOVERNMENT CONSUMPTION s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTS s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH CARE s INCOME s INCOME REDISTRIBUTION s INCOME TAX s INDEBTEDNESS s INTEREST EXPENDITURE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTEREST SPENDING s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL INTEREST s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS s INVESTMENT RATE s LABOR MARKET s LEVEL OF DEBT s LEVEL OF INDEBTEDNESS s LEVIES s LOCAL CURRENCY s LONG-TERM INTEREST s LONG-TERM INTEREST RATE s MACRO INDICATORS s MACROECONOMIC DATA s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES s MONETARY FUND s MULTILATERAL AGENCIES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATURAL RATE OF UNEMPLOYMENT s NEGATIVE SHOCKS s NET DEBT s NET PUBLIC DEBT s NET WORTH s PAYMENT OF INTEREST s PAYMENT OF INTERESTS s PER CAPITA INCOME s POST-CRISIS PERIOD s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIMARY BALANCE s PRIMARY BUDGET s PRIMARY DEFICIT s PRIMARY DEFICITS s PRIMARY EXPENDITURE s PRIMARY SECTOR s PRIMARY SPENDING s PRIMARY SURPLUS s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SPENDING s PRODUCTION FUNCTION s PROGRAMS s PROJECTIONS OF GROWTH s PUBLIC s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MARKET s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC REVENUE s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR BORROWING s PUBLIC SECTOR NET WORTH s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL GDP s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s RETURNS s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE VOLATILITY s SAVINGS s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOLVENCY s STRUCTURAL DEFICIT s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX CONTRIBUTION s TAX EXPENDITURE s TAX INCOME s TAX REFORM s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX SYSTEM s TAXPAYERS s TERTIARY SECTOR s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s TOTAL REVENUE s TOTAL TAX REVENUE s TRADING s TRANSITORY INCOME s TREASURY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VALUE ADDED s WAGES s WEALTH English en_US This supplementary volume of the Paraguay’s Public Expenditure Review provides a number of background papers and material that was prepared as part of this PER. The topics are closely linked with the overarching storyling presented in the first volume of this Public Expenditure Review 40 17-11-21 00:18:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868744 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21281 Volltext, Open Access

1759724165

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724165 OCoLC 1255594981 WBOKR 21284 EBP 064565572 KEP 064565572 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21284 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Improving Education and Developing Skills for Economic Growth in Niger World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Africa Niger s EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION FOR ALL s EDUCATION POLICY s GROSS ENROLMENT s GROSS ENROLMENT RATE s HIGH SCHOOL s HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA s HIGHER EDUCATION s LITERACY s NATIONAL EDUCATION s NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM s NON-FORMAL EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL COMPLETION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s SCHOOL MANAGEMENT s SCHOOL MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL SCHOOL s VOCATIONAL TRAINING English en_US The preparation of this report, initiated at the request of the Government, required close coordination by a multi-sectoral working group involving several ministries. As the goal of this report is to define an overall framework for skills development for both the formal and informal sectors, it analyses various types and levels of education: primary, secondary (general and technical), higher education, public and private vocational training, and apprenticeships. The report focuses its analysis on: (i) the labor market and constraints on the creation of jobs; (ii) the education and training system from the point of view of its performance, management, and financing; (iii) the issue of skills creation for the sectors considered growth producing. The latter can constitute an entry point in a dynamic involving the development of the supply of education and training that anticipates demand and adapts to the evolution of knowledge, technology, and organizational forms. The aim of this report is to provide the Government with lines of reflection to feed into a serious and inclusive policy dialogue that brings out the full dimensions of the issues at stake. The dialogue should be based on the concept of an open economy in which the spirit of entrepreneurialism and innovation, a full exploitation of the possibilities offered by science and technology, and a state that creates the conditions to encourage the development of the private sector are the keys to success 40 17-11-21 00:18:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868752 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21284 Volltext, Open Access

1759724173

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724173 OCoLC 1255594982 WBOKR 21283 EBP 064565564 KEP 064565564 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21283 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Burundi Public Expenditure Review Strengthening Fiscal Resilience to Promote Government Effectiveness World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Burundi s CLIMATE CHANGE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION s GENDER s GOVERNMENT EFFECTIVENESS s HEALTH s PRICE VOLATILITY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s SHOCKS English en_US This public expenditure review is prepared by the World Bank, in close collaboration with the government of Burundi. This document highlights the significant progress made by Burundi in the recent past. The most notable recent achievement has been the improvement of indicators in the sectors of health, education and gender. In spite of such progress however, it is observed that economic growth remains weak and gross domestic product (GDP) rates are below expectations. Burundi is therefore vulnerable to different sources of shocks, especially external as a result of increasing prices of imported food and fuel, the price volatility of tea and coffee exports, climate change, and declining aid transfers. The main objective of the public expenditure review is to assist the government in its efforts to escape fragility by focusing on two important and complementary themes: 1) creating adequate fiscal space to reduce the impact of future shocks; and 2) using the available fiscal space to improve public expenditure management and promote government effectiveness 40 17-11-21 00:18:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868760 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21283 Volltext, Open Access

1759724181

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724181 OCoLC 1255594983 WBOKR 21277 EBP 064565556 KEP 064565556 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21277 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Mozambique Public Expenditure Review Addressing the Challenges of Today, Seizing the Opportunities of Tomorrow World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Mozambique s EXPENDITURE REPRIORITIZATION s EXTERNAL ECONOMIC SHOCKS s FISCAL MANAGEMENT REFORMS s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s PRIORITY SECTORS s RESOURCE ALLOCATION English en_US Mozambique's economy has experienced strong and sustained growth since the end of the country s civil war in 1992. Over time, the sources of revenues are changing, bringing both opportunities and challenges for fiscal management. The government has loosened fiscal policy in the past few years, and the current fiscal stance does not appear sustainable. Public spending is projected at almost 42 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2014, and the deficit after grants is expected to widen to over 9 percent of GDP. These fiscal consolidation efforts will require reprioritizing expenditures and increasing the efficiency of spending, to ensure sufficient resources are allocated to priority sectors. Looking ahead, substantial resource revenues expected toward the end of the decade present an unprecedented opportunity but this will need to be well managed. The 2001 and 2003 public expenditure reviews indicated that a number of financial management reforms are required, which the government successfully implemented. However, it is important to build on this progress to ensure that the government is sufficiently prepared to address the challenges ahead. Given external economic shocks and the possibility of weaker commodity prices, resource revenues can be delayed or reduced. Therefore, it will be important to adopt a prudent fiscal stance in the medium term to adequately prepare for the changes ahead 40 17-11-21 00:18:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868779 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21277 Volltext, Open Access

175972419X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972419X OCoLC 1255594961 WBOKR 21282 EBP 064565548 KEP 064565548 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21282 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Croatia Public Finance Review Restructuring Spending for Stability and Growth World Bank VerfasserIn aut 1 Online-Ressource Croatia Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTING s ADVERSE IMPACTS s AGRICULTURE s APPROPRIATIONS s ARREARS s BALANCE SHEET s BANKRUPTCIES s BASIS POINTS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BONDS s BORROWING COSTS s BUDGETING s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPITAL GAIN s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CDS s COMPETITION POLICIES s CONNECTIVITY s CONSOLIDATION PROCESS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s CONTRACTUAL RELATIONSHIPS s CREDIT AGENCIES s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT OVERHANG s DEBT REPAYMENT s DEBT STOCK s DEBTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFAULT RISK s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DIRECT PAYMENTS s DOMESTIC ECONOMY s DOMESTIC MARKET s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMIC SITUATION s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INTEGRATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL EFFORT s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL PERFORMANCE s FISCAL PLANS s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED INTEREST s FIXED INTEREST RATE s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FRAUD s GDP s GDP DEFLATOR s GINI COEFFICIENT s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNANCE INDICATORS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEFICIT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT FINANCES s GRANT FUNDING s GROSS DEBT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEALTH SPENDING s HOLDING s HOLDING COMPANIES s HOURLY WAGES s HOUSING s HUMAN RESOURCE s IMPLICIT INTEREST s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INDEXATION s INEFFICIENCY s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE PREMIUM s INTEREST EXPENDITURE s INTEREST EXPENDITURES s INTEREST INCOME s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL SPENDING s LONG-TERM COSTS s LONG-TERM FINANCE s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC RISKS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC VULNERABILITIES s MACROECONOMICS s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET EFFICIENCY s MARKET PERFORMANCE s MATURITY s MERGERS s NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s NATIONAL INCOME s OUTPUT s OUTPUT GAP s OUTPUT LOSS s OUTSOURCING s PENSION s PENSION CONTRIBUTION s PENSION EXPENDITURES s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s PER CAPITA INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME s PORTS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROPERTY TAXES s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR COMPENSATION s PUBLIC SECTOR EFFICIENCY s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR PERFORMANCE s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC TELEVISION s RATES OF RETURN s REAL ESTATE s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s RECESSION s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPAYMENT s REPLACEMENT RATE s RETIREMENT AGE s RETURN s REVENUE SOURCES s RISK FACTORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s ROADS s RULE OF LAW s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SOCIAL COST s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOLVENCY s SOVEREIGN BOND s SOVEREIGN BOND MARKETS s SOVEREIGN DEBT s SOVEREIGN RATINGS s STATE GUARANTEES s STOCK-FLOW ADJUSTMENT s STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s T-BILLS s TAX s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX SYSTEM s TAXATION s TRANSITION COUNTRIES s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TRANSPARENCY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VALUATIONS s VALUE ADDED s WAGE DIFFERENTIALS s WAGES s WITHDRAWAL English en_US The Croatia poverty rate, as measured by the international line of moderate poverty at dollar 5 in public-private partnership (PPP) terms, is estimated at 2.8 percent for 2012. The share of the population at risk of poverty, based on a higher national and relative poverty line, also declined substantially prior to the 2008 global financial crisis, although has subsequently increased markedly. The global financial crisis, with the loss of credit, has exposed Croatia's macroeconomic vulnerabilities. This report shows that without addressing macroeconomic weaknesses, through sustained fiscal adjustment and institutional reforms, Croatia will not be able to reignite higher growth and benefit fully from European Union (EU) membership, and the quest for future prosperity may prove elusive. Similarly, without accelerating structural reforms, especially in the area of labor market, investment climate, and public sector efficiency, Croatia will face further stifled competitiveness and any prospects for recovery of growth and jobs. Focusing on the fiscal and public sector related deficiencies, this report systematically analyzes three interrelated issues to assist the Croatian government in informing public policy, strengthening macroeconomic stability, and laying the foundation for a robust recovery: first, it analyzes Croatia's major fiscal weaknesses, risks, and alternative fiscal scenarios, and on that basis, calculates the required fiscal adjustment needed over the medium term. Second, it analyzes the institutional weaknesses and requirements for the efficient use of EU funds in the coming years. Third, the report analyzes the structure of Croatia's public finances and provides a blueprint of the fiscal adjustment of around 5 percentage points of gross domestic product (GDP) over the medium term 40 17-11-21 00:18:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868787 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21282 Volltext, Open Access

1759724211

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724211 OCoLC 1255594929 WBOKR 21280 EBP 06456553X KEP 06456553X 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21280 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO A Public Expenditure Review for Paraguay The Quest for Optimal Tax and Expenditure Policies for Shared Prosperity World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Paraguay s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCESS TO INSURANCE s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s AGGREGATE DEMAND s ALLOCATION s ASSET CLASSIFICATION s AUTOMATIC STABILIZERS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANKING LAW s BASIC SERVICES s BASIC SOCIAL SERVICES s BENEFICIARIES s BROKERS s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s BUDGET DATA s BUDGET PROCESS s BUSINESS CYCLE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CASH TRANSFER s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM s COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL s CONSUMER GOODS s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s CREDIT MARKETS s CURRENCY s DATA AVAILABILITY s DATA COLLECTION s DATA QUALITY s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT POLICY s DEPOSIT s DERIVATIVES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME s ECONOMETRIC TECHNIQUES s ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EFFICIENCY OF PUBLIC SPENDING s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE ANALYSIS s EXPENDITURE CATEGORIES s EXPENDITURE FORECASTING s EXPENDITURE POLICIES s EXPENDITURES s EXPENDITURES ON HEALTH s EXPORT GROWTH s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DISTRESS s FINANCIAL LIBERALIZATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL ACCOUNTS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL CONSTRAINT s FISCAL DATA s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL PRUDENCE s FISCAL REFORM s FISCAL REVENUE s FISCAL RISK s FISCAL STANCE s FISCAL SYSTEM s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SPENDING s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPORT DUTIES s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME REDISTRIBUTION s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAX REFORMS s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INFORMATION EXCHANGE s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSURANCE s INTEREST EXPENDITURE s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNATIONAL CREDIT s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVENTORIES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEVELS OF PUBLIC SPENDING s LIABILITY s LIQUIDITY s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION s MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES s MACROECONOMIC VOLATILITY s MARGINAL RATE s MARGINAL TAX RATES s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY FUND s MUNICIPAL LEVEL s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS DATA s NATIONAL TREASURY s NEGATIVE SHOCKS s NET CAPITAL s NET LENDING s OUTCOME DATA s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION SCHEME s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME TAX s POLITICAL ECONOMY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE CHANGES s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROGRAMS s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC CONSUMPTION s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC WORKS s PURCHASING POWER s REAL GROWTH s REFORM PROGRAM s REMITTANCES s RENEGOTIATION s REVENUE INCREASES s SANITATION s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVISION s SMALL BUSINESS s SOCIAL EXPENDITURE s SOCIAL EXPENDITURES s SOCIAL OUTCOMES s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SERVICE s SOCIAL SERVICES s STATE AGENCY s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s STRUCTURE OF REVENUES s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BASE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX CREDIT s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX EXPENDITURES s TAX POLICY s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX REFORM s TAX REGIME s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX SYSTEM s TAX TYPE s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREATY s UNCERTAINTY s VALUATION s VALUATIONS s WEALTH TAXES English en_US Paraguay has achieved significant progress in terms of fiscal policy over the past decade. Despite this progress on fiscal reform, three major challenges remain: 1) a volatile macroeconomic environment; 2) still insufficient fiscal resources; and 3) high levels of poverty and inequality. In light of these three challenges, the objective of this report is to examine the extent to which fiscal policy in Paraguay has contributed to the social progress of the past decade, and can serve the purpose of further reducing poverty and enhancing shared prosperity in the years to come. Overall, fiscal policy can contribute to containing poverty and inequality by buffering the negative impact of financial and economic crises on vulnerable parts of the population. Moreover, tax and expenditure policies that redistribute from high- to low-income households in a well-targeted manner can also contribute to these goals. The current structure of the tax system appears suboptimal in light of the identified challenges. Even though the reliance on indirect taxes insulates public revenues from economic volatility to a certain extent, it imposes high costs associated with sufficiency and equity of the system. Adequate taxation of the agricultural sector is needed to level the playing field for business development in all sectors and to address the insufficiency of taxes. While fiscal policy contributes less to poverty reduction and shared prosperity in Paraguay than in the other countries analyzed for this study, direct transfers are well targeted. Overall, Paraguay's fiscal system is less progressive than in other Latin American countries analyzed. Paraguay's reliance on indirect taxes makes its overall tax system regressive. The sufficiency and efficiency of social expenditures have to be considered within the context of fiscal prudence, which is a continuous task. This is especially important in light of the recent expansionary fiscal stance. Only if the Government is able to sustain fiscal prudence in the future, will it be able to maintain macroeconomic stability and performance 40 17-11-21 00:18:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868795 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21280 Volltext, Open Access

175972422X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972422X OCoLC 1255594994 WBOKR 21037 EBP 064565521 KEP 064565521 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21037 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Towards Sustainable Peace, Poverty Eradication, and Shared Prosperity World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Colombia Latin America & Caribbean s agriculture and rural development s cities s decentralization s disaster risk management s empowering people s environmental sustainability s financial services s infrastructure s innovation s public finances s rural economy s social protection s subnational governance s transportation infrastructure English en_US The inauguration of a new presidential administration in Colombia for 2014 to 2018 is the occasion for a new set of policy notes, in which the World Bank provides the incoming administration with a selective diagnostic of current challenges. It independently recommends policies that it deems appropriate to the nation's development process. Colombia's recent progress necessarily demands a new focus on more sophisticated solutions to new questions and to intractable old problems. Three development objectives - sustainable peace, poverty eradication, and shared prosperity - seem within realistic reach for the first time in Colombia history. The three development objectives and the proposed policies to achieve them in nine areas are discussed at length. The nine areas targeted are: 1) rural development; 2) urban development; 3) disaster risk management; 4) environmental sustainability; 5) infrastructure; 6) financial markets; 7) innovation; 8) social protection; and 9) subnational governments. In the past decade the Government has made strenuous efforts to reduce violence and increase state presence, and the country is no longer considered high risk for investment. The note uses international evidence to identify three main transitions Colombia society must undergo to build sustainable peace, including security transition, development transition, and political transition. It also analyzes on a granular level Colombia's poverty and inequality trends over the past decade, most notable of which is the decline of the multidimensional poverty rate. While people may escape poverty, they still remain close to the poverty line and are prone to fall back under it if macroeconomic conditions worsen. Thus, major macroeconomic risks are discussed, as are the environmental risks that put the country in a vulnerable state. A close look is also taken at Colombia's long-term economic growth, which is reportedly uneven across productivity gains and largely influenced by labor reallocations. Achievement of the development objectives can be feasibly advanced through a set of policies 40 17-11-21 00:18:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868809 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21037 Volltext, Open Access

1759724238

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724238 OCoLC 1255594989 WBOKR 21041 EBP 064565513 KEP 064565513 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21041 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Agribusiness Indicators Synthesis Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Agriculture global practice discussion paper no. 1 Africa Sub-Saharan Africa s AFRICAN FARMERS s AGRIBUSINESS s AGRICULTURAL CENSUS s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL CREDIT s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY s AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT s AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL INPUT s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL MODERNIZATION s AGRICULTURAL POLICIES s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES s AGRICULTURAL SECTORS s AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES s AGRICULTURAL WORKER s AGRICULTURAL YIELDS s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s AIR s ANIMAL RESOURCES s ANNUAL CROPS s ARABLE LAND s AVERAGE YIELD s BIOTECHNOLOGY s BORDER TRADE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESSES s CAPITA INCOMES s CAPITAL GOODS s CASH CROPS s CEREAL YIELD s CEREAL YIELDS s CERTIFIED SEED s CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COCOA s COFFEE s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIALIZATION s COMMODITY s COMMODITY TRADE s COMPETITIVE PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER DEMAND s COOPERATIVES s COPYRIGHT s COST OF TRANSPORTATION s COTTON s CROP s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP YIELDS s CROPPING s CROPPING SEASONS s CUCUMBERS s CULTIVARS s CUSTOMS s DOMAIN s E-MAIL s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMICS s ECONOMISTS s EMPIRICAL INFORMATION s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTS s FAO s FARM s FARM PRODUCTIVITY s FARMER s FARMER ORGANIZATIONS s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMING SYSTEMS s FARMS s FERTILIZER s FERTILIZER SUBSIDIES s FERTILIZER SUBSIDY s FERTILIZER USE s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FOOD DEMAND s FOOD IMPORTS s FOOD POLICY RESEARCH s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOUNDATION SEED s FREIGHT s FUEL s FUEL PRICE s GIS s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s GRAIN s GRAINS s GRAPHICS s GREEN REVOLUTION s GROWING SEASON s HERBICIDES s HORTICULTURAL PLANTS s HYBRID MAIZE s HYBRID SEED s HYBRIDS s IFDC s IFPRI s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INPUT USE s INSPECTION s INSTITUTION s INTERNATIONAL FERTILIZER DEVELOPMENT CENTER s INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LAND USE s LEGUMES s LICENSE s LICENSES s MAIZE s MAIZE PRODUCTION s MAIZE YIELDS s MALNUTRITION s MANUFACTURING s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET MECHANISM s MARKETING s MATERIAL s MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s MICROFINANCE s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MOA s MULTIPLIERS s NETWORKS s NEXT GENERATION s NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s OWN SEED s PESTICIDES s PHOTO s PILOT TESTING s PLANT BREEDING s PLANTING s PLOWING s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POLICY MAKERS s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION GROWTH RATES s POTATOES s PRICE FIXING s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PRIVATE SECTORS s PRIVATE SEED COMPANIES s PRODUCE s PRODUCER GROUPS s PRODUCER ORGANIZATIONS s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s QUERIES s R;AMP;D s REGISTRY s RELIABILITY s RESULT s RESULTS s RETAIL PRICE s RETAIL PRICES s RICE s RICE PRODUCTION s ROAD s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD QUALITY s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROUTES s RURAL ACCESS s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL ROADS s RURAL TRANSPORT s RURAL TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH s SEED s SEED COMPANIES s SEED COMPANY s SEED ENTERPRISE s SEED ENTERPRISES s SEED EXPORTER s SEED INDUSTRY s SEED LAWS s SEED MULTIPLICATION s SEED PRODUCTION s SEED SECTOR s SEED TECHNOLOGY s SEED TESTING s SEED TRADE s SEEDS s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SORGHUM s SOYBEANS s SUGAR s SUGAR BEETS s SUNFLOWER s TARGETS s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TELEPHONE s TIRES s TOBACCO s TOMATOES s TRANSPORT AUTHORITY s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT INDICATORS s TRANSPORT RATES s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORT SURVEYS s TRAVEL TIME s TRAVEL TIMES s TUBERS s UNITED NATIONS s URBANIZATION s USAID s USERS s VALUE CHAIN s VALUE CHAINS s VARIETY RELEASE s VEGETABLES s VERIFICATION s WHEAT pha English en_US The need for countries in Sub-Saharan Africa to build more productive, modern, and market-oriented farming sectors is one of our most pressing development challenges. In coming years, African agriculture will have to increase food production and expand and intensify value chains in order to meet changing demand on the part of a rapidly expanding and urbanizing consumer base. The process of doing this will enable African countries to begin pushing back against their currently growing reliance on food imports. An essential precondition for bringing this transformation to pass is to increase and improve the information on which farmers and agribusinesses base their production and investment decisions, and on which public sector institutions base their policies. The purpose of the Agribusiness Indicators (ABIs) Project is to provide this kind of empirical information in the form of a series of metrics and indicators that can be used to measure change over time and to make direct comparisons between countries, especially policy makers. These indicators will be used to inform policy dialogue, including dialogue between representatives of the private and public sectors. It will provide a common framework of reference with which to communicate their respective concerns, priorities, and intentions. This will facilitate better communication that leads to constructive interaction between public officials, farmers producer organizations, private investors, civil society organizations (CSOs), and others. Ultimately, it will be their decisions that determine the course of agricultural development and commercialization in their respective countries. The Agribusiness Indicators are intended to furnish them with information from sources within both the private and public sectors which can be cross-referenced and correlated. This type of information has generally not been available in the past. Some of the indicators are particularly useful in revealing the attributes of countries with policy portfolios that are supportive of agribusiness investment 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868817 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21041 Volltext, Open Access

1759724246

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724246 OCoLC 1255595001 WBOKR 21040 EBP 064565505 KEP 064565505 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21040 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO EU11 Regular Economic Report, Issue #29, July 2014 Strengthening Recovery in Central and Eastern Europe World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia s AGRICULTURE s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET QUALITY s ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES s BALANCE SHEET s BANK BALANCE SHEETS s BANK EXPOSURE s BANK FINANCING s BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS s BANK LENDING s BANK LINKAGES s BANK RECAPITALIZATION s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTORS s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BASIS POINTS s BOND s BOND SWAP s BOOK-ENTRY s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL FLIGHT s CAPITAL FLOW s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL STOCK s CDS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER LOANS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION TAXES s CORPORATE BONDS s CREDIT DEFAULT s CREDIT DEFAULT SWAP s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATINGS s CREDIT RISKS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUSES s DEBT s DEBT BURDENS s DEBT CRISES s DEBT CRISIS s DEBT LEVELS s DEFLATION s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPING COUNTRY EQUITY s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DURABLE s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC EXPANSION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s EIB s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUITY CAPITAL s EQUITY INVESTMENT s EQUITY MARKETS s EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL FUNDING s FEDERAL RESERVE s FEDERAL RESERVE BANK s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR INDICATORS s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL POLICY s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATES s FORECASTS s FOREIGN BANK s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FULL EMPLOYMENT s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL FINANCIAL STABILITY s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH s GROWTH RATE s HOST COUNTRY s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD SAVING s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITIES s INCOME TAX s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION RATES s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL BANKING s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTICS s INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS s INVENTORIES s INVESTMENT ACTIVITY s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT RATES s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LABOR COSTS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOCAL MARKETS s LONG-TERM INTEREST s LONG-TERM INTEREST RATES s MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION s MARKET CONDITIONS s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s NET EXPORTS s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s PENSION s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s PER CAPITA INCOME s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS s PORTFOLIOS s PRICE DECLINES s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR BORROWING s PURCHASING POWER s RATES OF INFLATION s REAL ESTATE LOANS s REAL GDP s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATES s REAL SECTOR s RECAPITALIZATION s RECESSION s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s RETURN s RISK AVERSION s RISK FACTOR s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKETS s SOLVENCY s SOVEREIGN BONDS s SOVEREIGN DEBT s SOVEREIGN RATING s SOVEREIGN RATINGS s STOCKS s SUBSIDIARIES s SUBSIDIARY s SUPPLY OF CREDIT s TAX RATE s TAXATION s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE BALANCES s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSMISSION OF MONETARY POLICY s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURIES s TURNOVER s UNDERLYING ASSETS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VALUE ADDED s WAGES s WEALTH s WITHDRAWAL English en_US Economic growth is expected to almost double in EU111 in 2014, and continues to strengthen in 2015. Overall EU11 GDP growth is forecast to strengthen from 1.4 percent in 2013 to 2.6 percent in 2014. The initial reliance on net export growth, with rising demand from the rest of the EU, is gradually giving way to more balanced growth as domestic demand picks-up, notably in Romania, Slovakia and Poland. Fiscal consolidation will continue in 2014 and 2015, but at a more gradual pace than in the previous years. The overall EU11 fiscal deficit is expected to drop to 2.9 percent of GDP in 2014 and to 2.5 percent of GDP in 2015. However, there is a need for larger adjustments in Croatia and Slovenia to achieve sustainable deficit and debt levels. Economic growth forecasts in the EU11 are subject to multiple risks, mainly on the downside, as the global financial situation remains fragile. While labor market conditions have started to improve, the pace of job creation and reduction in unemployment rates are likely to be gradual 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868825 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21040 Volltext, Open Access

1759724254

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724254 OCoLC 1255594984 WBOKR 21036 EBP 064565491 KEP 064565491 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21036 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Moving Toward Climate Budgeting Policy Note World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource s ADAPTATION s CLIMATE BUDGETING s CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s MITIGATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT English en_US Climate change action by countries - both mitigation measures and adaptation measures requires planning over a long horizon in the face of uncertainty as well as, for many governments, costly financing in the near term. While flows of international climate finance have grown in recent years, it has become ever clearer that countries need to consider all policy instruments. Climate change is going to affect, in particular, the core business of finance ministries related to fiscal policy, government budgets, and public debt. This note focuses on public expenditure management for climate actions rather than the full spectrum of finance ministry responsibilities. Climate change planning shares some common challenges with other national policy objectives where multiple interests need to be managed - but also presents some unique complexities. This policy note presents several measures of immediate interest to finance ministries for better fiscal planning and expenditure management of climate actions. Drawing on the sourcebook, climate change public expenditure and institutional review, the note highlights three general areas of financial and expenditures management where improved practice will better prepare finance ministries to deal with the fiscal implications of climate change: (i) including climate change as a long-term objective in the national budget and expenditure framework; (ii) improving financial tracking and performance accountability by spending agencies; and (iii) strengthening government financial management systems to efficiently use external climate finance. Targeted at the climate budget, these actions will also promote financial discipline and overall lead to more efficient and strategic public spending. This policy note provides finance officials with seven detailed recommendations based on the experience of World Bank client countries 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868833 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21036 Volltext, Open Access

1759724262

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724262 OCoLC 1255594968 WBOKR 21051 EBP 064565483 KEP 064565483 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21051 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Peru Revamps its Public Investment System Jonas Frank VerfasserIn aut Gustavo Guerra-Garcia VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Peru s ASSURANCE s BENEFICIARIES s BIDDERS s BONDS s BROKERS s BUDGETING s DEBT s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICITS s DISTRICT s ELECTRICITY s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s GOVERNORS s HOUSING s INSTRUMENT s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s LEVY s LOAN s MAYORS s MUNICIPALITIES s PENSION s PORTS s PROFITABILITY s PROVINCES s PUBLIC s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s REINVESTMENT s RESERVE s ROADS s SUBNATIONAL s TAX s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY English en_US This chapter assesses the advances and challenges of public investment management (PIM) in Peru. A National Public Investment System was created parallel to other administrative systems and Budgeting reforms. While the country endeavors to improve efficiency in infrastructure spending, several simultaneous reforms have challenged the system and its operation. An ensuing decentralization process, which since 2002 has shifted responsibilities for execution of public investment to subnational governments, created the need for coordination. A new framework for public; private investments meant a new set of rules and regulations was needed. These changes occurred in a period of high and sustained economic growth which provides substantially more resources to executing agencies, thereby challenging execution capacity at all levels of government. At the same time, transfers from natural resources have created spending inequities in a considerable share of subnational governments. These factors together represent a significant challenge in light of uneven institutional capacities across many steps of the investment cycle. In the country s quest to improve public investments pending and outcomes on the ground, it seems worthwhile to proceed in a strategic fashion. In light of the emerging global experience, and given Peru s advances, it seems suitable to focus attention on the following areas: strengthen basic capacities, particularly in human resources; emphasize a strengthening of the implementation stage, particularly with regard to procurement reforms; strengthen coordination across levels of government by mobilizing national and subnational resources towards shared goals; further align processes in Results- based Budgeting (Presupuestopor Resultados) and multi-year programming; and strengthen the demand side from end-users of services 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868841 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21051 Volltext, Open Access

1759724270

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724270 OCoLC 1255594818 WBOKR 21048 EBP 064565475 KEP 064565475 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21048 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Western Balkans Public Investment Management and the EU Effect Simon Groom VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource ALBANIA Bosnia and Herzegovina Eastern Europe Europe and Central Asia Kosovo Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of Montenegro North Macedonia (Formerly the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) Serbia s ACCOUNTING s AFFORDABILITY s ARREARS s BID s BIDDERS s BORROWING s BUDGETING s CHECKS s CORRUPTION s CREDIBILITY s DEBT s DISCRIMINATION s ELECTRICITY s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s EXPROPRIATION s FINANCES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s HOLDING s INCOME s INNOVATIONS s INSTRUMENT s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s MOTIVATION s OUTPUTS s PRIVATIZATION s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s REPAYMENTS s ROADS s SERVANTS s STATEMENT s SUPPLIERS s TENDERING s TENDERS s TRANCHES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s UNION English en_US The report summarizes the findings of diagnostic studies of public investment management (PIM) processes in six Western Balkan countries. The key finding is that, except for externally financed investments, preliminary screening and rigorous project appraisal techniques are rarely used, even in those cases where these are prescribed. Ex post evaluation of public investment is also largely undeveloped. Across the region systems are gradually being put in place to improve PIM, but implementation is handicapped by a shortage of skilled practitioners. The report identifies a European Union (EU) effect but finds its impact rather limited. Harmonization with EU practices in public financial management focuses on public internal financial control and public procurement because these are the important areas for safeguarding EU funds. Therefore these are also the areas of PIM where a positive integration effect can be identified 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986885X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21048 Volltext, Open Access

1759724289

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724289 OCoLC 1255595002 WBOKR 21044 EBP 064565467 KEP 064565467 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21044 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Vietnam PIM in a New Market Economy Quang Hong Doan VerfasserIn aut Tuan Minh Le VerfasserIn aut Duong Anh Nguyen VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ACCOUNTING s AFFORDABILITY s AGRICULTURE s ASSETS s AUCTION s BANKS s BID s BIDDING s BOND s BONDS s BUDGETING s CREDITS s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICITS s DISCLOSURE s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s GDP s GOVERNMENT CREDITS s INEFFICIENCY s INFLATION s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s ISSUANCE s LOAN s MARKET ECONOMY s NEW MARKET s PEOPLES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC#INVESTMENT s RECESSION s SOVEREIGN BONDS s TAX s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TENDERING s TRANSPARENCY s WTO English en_US Over the last two decades, Vietnam has made notable progress in reforming management of public investment. The legal framework on public investment management (PIM) has been continuously improved, covering the entire project management cycle. Management of public investment projects still faces several major challenges. The objectives in development strategies and plans are excessively broad and vague, which undermines quality of preliminary screening. The analysis of the study suggests some priorities for PIM reforms. First, the legal framework has to be further strengthened to alleviate the existing fragmentation, duplication, and lack of uniformity of the laws and legislation. Second, decentralization of PIM should be accompanied by measures to increase responsibility and accountability of local governments and line ministries, and to improve their capacity and coordination, particularly in appraisal and monitoring. Third, the approach to monitoring and evaluation (M and E) should be results based, which requires a mechanism to effectively tie in project output and progress with responsibility of agencies in charge of PIM and to enhance participation of the community organizations. Fourth, Vietnam needs to improve statistical system to allow for adequate analysis of public investment and, related to it, adopt realistic and feasible indicators of PIM efficiency to facilitate M and E and ex post project evaluation 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868868 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21044 Volltext, Open Access

1759724297

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724297 OCoLC 1255594986 WBOKR 21046 EBP 064565459 KEP 064565459 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21046 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Lagos State, Nigeria PIM Investment in Infrastucture for a Modern Megacity Olubgenga Ebenerze Oyewol VerfasserIn aut Volker Treichel VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Africa Nigeria s ACCOUNTING s ACQUISITION s BANKS s BENEFICIARIES s BID s BIDDING s BIDS s BOND s BONDS s BORROWING s BORROWINGS s BRIDGE s BUDGETING s BUS s CAPACITY[BUILDING s CHECKS s CITIES s COMPANY s CONGESTION s CONTRACTORS s COOPERATIVES s CORPORATION s CORRUPTION s CREDITS s DEBT s DEBTS s DEFICITS s EMISSION s EMPOWERMENT s EQUIPMENT s ESTATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNALITIES s FACILITATION s FARMER s FINANCES s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAYS s HOUSEHOLDS s INCORPORATED s INFLATION s INSPECTION s INSTRUMENT s INVENTORY s ISSUANCE s LANES s LIMITED s LOAN s LOAN REPAYMENTS s LTD s MANAGERS s MORTGAGE s PARTNERSHIP s PATRONAGE s PENSION s PORTFOLIO s PPPS s PREPAYMENT s PROGRAMS s PSP s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s RAIL s RECEIPTS s RETURNS s ROAD s ROADS s SAFETY s SECURITIES s SOCIETIES s SOCIETY s STAKEHOLDERS s SUBSIDIARY s TAX s TOLL s TRAFFIC s TRANSIT s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORTATION s TREASURY s UNION s VALUATION s VEHICLE s VEHICLES s WEALTH English en_US Lagos State is one of the fastest growing metropolises in the world. Under the Governor s Ten Point Agenda (TPA), Lagos State has made substantial progress in creating the basis for sustained growth by improving infrastructure and strengthening the business environment. Improved public investment management (PIM) has been at crucial element of these reform efforts. This paper reviews the reform efforts of the Lagos State Government in strengthening the planning and execution of expenditures, and rates the quality of PIM. The study make the case that the overall practices in PIM in Lagos State are still weak, but have made encouraging leaps toward improvement, including passage by the legislature of several important bills, such as the Lagos State Procurement Bill 2009, Lagos State Tenancy Bill 2009, Lagos State Public Finance Management Bill 2010, and the Criminal Law of Lagos State Bill 2010. However, a major issue that will continue to impose hurdles and pressure on the ability of the State Government to effectively plan, implement, and monitor public investment in a systematic and comprehensive manner is the huge relative size of the Lagos State economy !and the ever increasing population of the State, which threatens!to!outpace!progress!in!developing!relevant!institutional!capacity 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868876 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21046 Volltext, Open Access

1759724300

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724300 OCoLC 1255595029 WBOKR 21047 EBP 064565440 KEP 064565440 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21047 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Sierra Leone PIM in a Donor-Dependent Post-Conflict Economy Douglas Addison VerfasserIn aut Yusuf Foday VerfasserIn aut Murray Petrie VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Africa Sierra Leone s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s AFFORDABILITY s AGRICULTURE s ASSETS s BENEFICIARIES s BID s BORROWING s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s CORRUPTION s DISBURSEMENTS s DUMPING s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTS s FINANCIAL#MANAGEMENT s FINANCIER s GDP s GOOD#GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT#BUDGETING s HOSPITALS s HOUSES s HOUSING s INTERVENTION s ISSUANCE s JOB#CREATION s LOAN s LOCAL#GOVERNMENT s MANDATE s MERGER s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIOS s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENTS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s RECEIPT s RECEIPTS s REMEDY s SALARIES s TAX s TOWNS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s UNION s VOTERS s WITHDRAWAL English en_US Sierra Leone is a small, fragile, post-conflict state on the coast of West Africa. As a consequence, Sierra Leone was one of the largest beneficiaries of foreign aid as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) and aid per capita. Projects focusing on reconstruction of basic infrastructure and on capacity-building for reestablishment of core government functions featured prominently in the government's development budget. The post-conflict infrastructure gap was quite large. As peace was consolidated, the level of external assistance has gradually declined from 15.5 percent of GDP in 2002 to 5.2 percent of GDP in 2008 as donors phased out their post-conflict allocations and the nation s GDP expanded rapidly. Looking ahead, the government seeks to restore a high rate of real growth and poverty reduction through increased public and private investment. The government does not operate a capital investment budget; rather it maintains a development budget that seeks to record most externally financed projects, government contributions to those projects, and expenditures on the government's own projects. This case study is based on work done for the 2009-10 public expenditure review 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868884 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21047 Volltext, Open Access

1759724319

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724319 OCoLC 1255594864 WBOKR 21050 EBP 064565432 KEP 064565432 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21050 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Mongolia The Politics of Public Investment Zahid Hasnain VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Mongolia s ACCOUNTING s BID s BIDDING s BIDS s BUDGETING s CHECKS s COLLUSION s CORRUPTION s CREDIBILITY s DEBTS s DEFICITS s ENROLLMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNALITY s GDP s INCOME s INEFFICIENCY s INFLATION s INVENTORY s INVESTING s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s LIABILITY s PORTFOLIO s PUBLIC s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SECTOR s RENTS s REPAYMENT s RETURN s TAKEOVER s TAX s TENDERING s TRANSPARENCY s URBANIZATION s VOTERS s WAGES s WEALTH English en_US Why do politicians distort public investments? And given that public investments are poor, because presumably that is what is politically rational, what types of reforms are likely to be both Efficiency improving and compatible with the interests of politicians? This chapter explores these two questions in the context of Mongolia. It argues that Mongolian members of parliament MPs have an incentive to over spend on smaller projects that bring benefits to specific geographical localities and to under spend on large infrastructure that will bring economic benefits to Mongolia on the whole. The incentive for the former is that MPs internalize the political benefits from the provision of particular, targeted benefits to specific communities. This chapter is inductive in its structure. First, the broader public expenditure patterns in Mongolia are analyzed in order to identify policy maker s priorities that are, revealed preferences. Then the public investment management system is examined in depth, identifying the main Technical and structural weaknesses in the system. Following that is an analysis of the interests of Key political actors that are served by poor investments. Given these political incentives, the final section proposes some incentive compatible reform options 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868892 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21050 Volltext, Open Access

1759724327

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724327 OCoLC 1255594885 WBOKR 21049 EBP 064565424 KEP 064565424 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21049 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Republic of Korea PIM Reform after the Financial Crisis Jay Hyung-Kim VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Korea, Rep s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s AIR s AIRPORT s AIRPORTS s APPROPRIATION s BIDDING s BIDS s BONDS s BRIDGE s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET DEFICITS s BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGETARY PROGRAMS s BUDGETING s CAPITAL BUDGET s CAPITAL FORMATION s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT SPENDING s CHECKS s CONGESTION s COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS s DEBT s DECISION-MAKING s DECISION-MAKING APPROACH s DECISION= MAKING s DECISION=MAKING s DEFICITS s DISBURSEMENTS s DISCOUNT RATE s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ENGINEERS s ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS s EQUIPMENT s EQUIPMENTS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FISCAL EXPENDITURE s FISCAL%BALANCE s FUEL s GOVERNMENT FUNDING s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s HIGHWAY s HOUSING s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSPECTION s INSURANCE s INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN s INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT s INVESTMENT EXPENDITURE s LANES s LEARNING s LOAN s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s NET LENDING s NET PRESENT VALUE s NOISE s NOISE POLLUTION s PENSION s PERFORMANCE CONTRACTS s PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT s PERFORMANCE MONITORING s PERFORMANCE MONITORING SYSTEM s POLITICIANS s PROGRAM EVALUATION s PUBLIC s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s RAIL s RAILROAD s RAILWAY s RAILWAYS s REPAYMENT s RETURN s ROAD s ROADS s ROUTE s SAFETY s SAVINGS s SELF-ASSESSMENT s SELF=ASSESSMENT s SELF=EVALUATION s SETTLEMENT s SIZE OF GOVERNMENT s SOCIAL INSURANCE s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SYSTEMS OF PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT s TAX s TAXPAYERS s TOTAL SPENDING s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORTATION s TRAVEL SPEEDS s TRAVEL TIME s TREASURY s TUNNELS s VALUATION s VEHICLE s VEHICLE OPERATION s government finance s public expenditures English en_US The financial crisis that hit the Republic of Korea in the second half of 1997 had a devastating impact on its economy, causing the worst recession since the Korean War era. To address the fundamental causes of the crisis and revitalize the economy, the Korean Government took bold, decisive steps to initiate comprehensive structural reforms. The major focus of reform in the fiscal and public sector was to adopt a series of initiatives for strengthening public investment management. The Government endeavored to instill a performance-oriented approach in the system, which implies management of public expenditure based on the principle of value for money. This chapter explains the institutional setting for public investment management (PIM) and the Korean Government s efforts to develop and manage a comprehensive PIM reform to further improve value for the money invested. The Ministry of Strategy and Finance played a leading role by implementing an effective appraisal and evaluation system to tighten the expenditure monitoring of total project cost and introducing a new budgeting system called the Medium Term Expenditure Framework. An initiative of the preliminary feasibility study (PFS), introduced in 1999 and conducted mainly by the public and private Infrastructure Investment Management Center, has been successful in handling the pass-or-fail bottleneck of the whole project selection process. The total project cost management system (TPCM), strengthened after the crisis, is working satisfactorily by discouraging the request frequency and the amount of TPC increases in line ministries. A reassessment study of feasibility is an innovative tool to control and keep the total project cost limit in the middle of TPCM. However, the performance monitoring and evaluation system on PIM still has room for improvement in Korea. A greater emphasis on program evaluation is being called for, with the Government currently establishing a performance-orientation, a greater use of performance contracts can be encouraged 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868906 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21049 Volltext, Open Access

1759724335

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724335 OCoLC 1255594804 WBOKR 21045 EBP 064565416 KEP 064565416 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21045 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO China PIM under Reform and Decentralization Christine Wong VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCOUNTING s BANKS s BIASES s BIDDING s BOND s BOND ISSUES s BONDS s BORROWING s BUDGETARY ALLOCATION s BUDGETING s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANK s DEBT s DECENTRALIZATION s DEVOLUTION s DOMESTIC%CREDIT s EARNINGS s ENTREPRENEURIALISM s EQUALITY s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FINANCES s FUNDING%SOURCES s GOVERNMENT%FUNDING s HOUSING s INEQUALITY s INFRASTRUCTURE%INVESTMENT s INVESTING s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s INVESTMENT%FUNDING s ISSUANCE s LEVIES s LOCAL%GOVERNMENT s MUNICIPALITIES s PUBLIC FACILITIES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s REAL ESTATE s REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT s REPAYMENT s SAVINGS s SOURCE%OF%FUNDS s SURCHARGES s TAX s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TREASURY s URBANIZATION s VILLAGES s WITHDRAWAL English en_US China's transition from a planned to a market economy has required a fundamental change in the role of government in economic decisions. Progress in reforming public investment management (PIM) has been uneven, with notable successes alongside glaring weaknesses. This report examines the institutional framework of China's PIM system and its evolution through the transition period, its, efforts at reform, and outcomes. The government s strategy was to reform the existing PIM framework incrementally by decentralizing responsibility to subnational governments (SNGs) and opening up investment to private participation at the margin. The process of decentralization and marketization proceeded much faster than expected in the 1980s and 1990s, when dismantling the planning mechanisms caused a steep decline in government revenues, especially central government revenues. China's transition from a planned to a market economy has required a fundamental change in the role of government in economic decisions. Among the most important are those affecting investment, where reform has seen the Chinese government curtail its role and attempt to shift from directing the overall pattern of investment to ensuring adequate support to economic growth and public services 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868914 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21045 Volltext, Open Access

1759724343

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724343 OCoLC 1255595036 WBOKR 21052 EBP 064565408 KEP 064565408 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21052 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Zambia Rebuilding a Broken Public Investment Management System Tuan Minh Le VerfasserIn aut Patricia Palale VerfasserIn aut Gael Raballand VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Zambia s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ARBITRATION s ASSETS s BIDDING s BONDS s BUDGETING s CHECKS s CORRUPTION s DEBT s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s EMPLOYMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s HOUSING s IMMUNIZATION s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s LOAN s MANDATE s MANDATES s MORTALITY s NEGOTIATION s NEGOTIATIONS s OUTPUTS s PORTFOLIO s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENTS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s REMEDY s REPAYMENT s SUPPLIERS s TENDERING s TRANCHE s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s WAGES English en_US The report follows the diagnostic methodology as outlined in Rajaram et al. The diagnostics is based on interviews, a survey questionnaire with government officials, central statistical office (CSOs), and private sector and desk review of related documents. The paper identifies the weaknesses in processes and institutions that contribute to poor outcomes of public spending. The government has been conducting a number of reforms in this field, such as overarching public financial management and procurement reforms. However, the public investment management (PIM) remains largely inefficient and certain key functions of project evaluation are missing or in rudimentary forms. To succeed, all the pieces of reforms have to be woven into a coherent framework targeting the weakest links in the PIM system. Multiple factors, including the absence of necessary institutions, unclear institutional mandates, weak capacity, lack of vertical and horizontal coordination, and misaligned incentives drive the inefficiency of PIM. This also implies that pure technical solutions do not guarantee success. As a result this paper suggests that strengthening of the challenge function of the ministry of finance in Zambia is critical for better PIM but a gradual, incentive compatible approach is probably necessary in the current context 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868922 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21052 Volltext, Open Access

1759724351

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724351 OCoLC 1255594886 WBOKR 21053 EBP 064565394 KEP 064565394 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21053 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Public Investment Management in Latin America and the Caribbean Institutions under Evolution Jonas Frank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Caribbean Latin America Latin America & Caribbean s ASSURANCE s BANKS s BORROWING s BUDGETING s CREDIBILITY s DEBT s DECENTRALIZATION s DEVELOPMENT BANK s ECONOMICS s ELECTRICITY s EQUALIZATION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s LATRINE s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MUNICIPALITIES s PUBLIC s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s REGULATORY CAPACITIES s ROADS s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY English en_US Over recent decades many countries of the Latin America region have set up specialized processes and mechanisms for public investment management. Initially created as isolated systems, they are now being further integrated with enhanced budgeting processes and financial management systems. In this process, Ministries of Finance and planning entities have emerged as the two key agencies taking on critical functions in the investment cycle. The on-going consolidation of institutional arrangements is being challenged through the increasing involvement of subnational governments, not least since they also are increasingly promoting PPP arrangements that require considerable regulatory capacities. More recently, countries are promoting results-oriented management and multi-year planning which can provide new impetus to strengthen public investment management. This is required as infrastructure gaps remain significant across urban and rural areas, and further efforts are required to enhance expenditure efficiency at both national and subnational levels of government. In the future, increased attention and asymmetric treatment of subnational governments is required to address the existing and possibly widening infrastructure gaps in light of uneven capacities 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868930 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21053 Volltext, Open Access

175972436X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972436X OCoLC 1255594887 WBOKR 21042 EBP 064565386 KEP 064565386 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21042 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Results of the Kosovo 2013 Labour Force Survey Kosovo Agency of Statistics VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia s AGE GROUP s AGE GROUPS s CLERKS s DECENT WORKING CONDITIONS s DEVELOPMENT POLICIES s DISABILITY s DOWNWARD PRESSURE s DWELLING s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL LEVEL s EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM s ELDERLY s EMPLOYABILITY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS s EMPLOYMENT POLICIES s EMPLOYMENT RATE s EMPLOYMENT RATE OF WOMEN s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s ETHNIC GROUP s EXTERNAL MIGRATION s FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES s FAMILY WORK s FEMALE s FEMALE EMPLOYMENT s FEMALES s FERTILITY s GENDER s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER GAP s GENDER ROLES s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSING s HOUSING UNITS s HUMAN HEALTH s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s ILLNESS s INCOME s INCOME SUPPORT s INSURANCE s JOB SEEKERS s JOB-SEEKERS s JOBS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOUR s LABOUR FORCE s LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOUR MARKET s LABOUR MARKET PERFORMANCE s LABOUR MARKET SITUATION s LABOUR ORGANIZATION s LABOUR STATISTICS s LABOUR SUPPLY s LEGISLATORS s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LOCALITIES s LONG TERM UNEMPLOYMENT s LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENT s LOW EMPLOYMENT s MORTALITY s NATIONAL LEVEL s NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s NUMBER OF PERSONS s OCCUPATION s OCCUPATIONS s PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN s POPULATION PROJECTIONS s PREVIOUS SECTION s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE COMPANY s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCING GOODS s QUALITY ASSURANCE s RECREATION s RETAIL TRADE s RURAL AREAS s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s SALARIED WORKERS s SELF EMPLOYED s SOCIAL PROBLEMS s SOCIAL SECURITY s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY LEVEL s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TOTAL UNEMPLOYMENT s TOWNS s TRANSPORTATION s UNDP s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE s UNEMPLOYED PERSON s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNITED NATIONS s UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME s UNPAID FAMILY WORKERS s URBAN POPULATION s WATER SUPPLY s WORK ACTIVITIES s WORKER s WORKERS s WORKING-AGE POPULATION s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNG WOMEN s YOUTH s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE English en_US The purpose of the Labour Force Survey in Kosovo is to provide statistical data on labor market indicators and enable comparisons to be drawn with previous years. The methodology and definitions applied in the LFS are the same as those used in 2012 and is consistent with Eurostat regulations. The LFS survey includes 600 Enumeration Areas throughout the territory of Kosovo where 4,800 households are interviewed. This Labour Force Survey 2013 report contains data on employment and unemployment by age, gender, employment status, economic activities, occupations and other areas of the labor market. At the end of the report section 6 reports on changes of the main indicators between 2012 and 2013. Overall there have not been any dramatic changes, which is to be expected. The unemployment rate has remained virtually unchanged between 2012 and 2013 and it remains higher among women than men. The unemployment rate is higher among young people. Kosovo continues to exhibit challenging labor market performance despite a continued growth rate. Kosovo is one of the transition countries least affected by the global economic crisis, however if the economy slows down this complicates the task of generating new jobs that are needed each year in order to meet the growing number of new entrants into the labor force 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868949 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21042 Volltext, Open Access

1759724378

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724378 OCoLC 1255594860 WBOKR 21055 EBP 064565378 KEP 064565378 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21055 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Zambia Economic Brief, December 2014, Issue 4 Financial Services - Reaching Every Zambian World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Zambia s ACCESS POINTS s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESSIBLE BANKING s ACCOUNT HOLDERS s ACCOUNT OWNERSHIP s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ARREARS s AUDITS s BACKED LOANS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK BRANCH s BANK BRANCHES s BANK CUSTOMERS s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK LENDING s BANKING MODELS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR OUTREACH s BANKING SERVICES s BANKING SYSTEM s BOND MARKET s BOND MARKETS s BOND SPREADS s BORROWER s BORROWING s BORROWING COSTS s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES s BUSINESS STRATEGIES s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH TRANSFERS s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL LOANS s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s COOPERATIVES s CORPORATE INCOME TAXES s COST OF CREDIT s CREDIT BANK s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT COOPERATIVES s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT INFORMATION SYSTEMS s CREDIT PRODUCTS s CREDIT UNION s CREDITORS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s DEBIT CARDS s DEBT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DECENTRALIZATION s DEMAND FOR CAPITAL s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS s DEPOSITORS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISCRIMINATION s DISPOSABLE INCOMES s DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS s DOMESTIC CREDIT s E-PAYMENTS s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ELECTRONIC PAYMENT s ELECTRONIC PAYMENTS s EMERGING MARKETS s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYER s EMPLOYERS s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s EMPOWERMENT s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS s EQUAL AMOUNT s EQUIPMENT PURCHASES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FARMER s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ACCESS s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL DEPTH s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL EXCLUSION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL NEEDS s FINANCIAL PRODUCT s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE ACCESS s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SERVICES INDUSTRY s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED CAPITAL s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKETS s FORMAL BANKING s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FORMAL FINANCIAL SERVICES s GENDER s GENDER GAP s GOVERNMENT FINANCES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s HIGH INTEREST RATE s HIGH INTEREST RATES s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME GROUP s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INFORMAL SAVING s INFORMAL SAVINGS s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s LABOR COSTS s LACK OF INFORMATION s LENDERS s LENDING PORTFOLIO s LOAN s LOAN SIZE s LOW INTEREST RATES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MERCHANT s MERCHANTS s MFI s MFIS s MICRO FINANCE s MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTION s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY ORDERS s MONEY TRANSFER s MONEY TRANSFERS s NONBANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s NONBANKS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s ONLINE BANKING s OUTSTANDING LOAN s OVERHEAD COSTS s PAYDAY LENDERS s PAYDAY LENDING s PAYMENT SERVICE s PAYMENT SERVICES s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PENSIONS s PHONE PENETRATION s POST OFFICE s POSTAL BANK s PREPAID DEBIT CARDS s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE LENDER s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFITABILITY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s REAL ESTATE s RECEIPTS s REDEMPTION s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENTS s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RETIREMENT s SAVINGS ACCOUNTS s SAVINGS BANK s SAVINGS PRODUCTS s SAVINGS SERVICES s SELF-EXCLUSION s SMALL BORROWERS s SMALL-BUSINESS s SMALL-BUSINESS LENDING s SMALLHOLDER s SMALLHOLDER FARMERS s SOURCES OF CREDIT s SOVEREIGN BOND s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX REGIME s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPORT s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILLS s TREASURY NOTES s UNIVERSAL FINANCIAL ACCESS s URBAN AREAS s WAGES English en_US Zambia s economy is estimated to grow around 6.0 percent in 2014, slower than the 6.7 percent in the previous two years. Growth comes from a bumper maize harvest; rapid expansion in the construction industry supported in part by public investment in roads; and continued strong growth in services. Following the large fiscal deficit of 6.6 percent in 2013, the economy experienced turbulence during the first half of the year when the kwacha depreciated sharply against the U.S. dollar and other currencies, and inflation pressure increased. However, in response to policy actions, the kwacha stabilized subsequently and regained about half of the lost value, and inflation pressure also ebbed. Average inflation in 2014 is expected to be around 7.8 percent, higher than the targeted 6.5 percent and the 2013 average of 7.0 percent 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868957 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21055 Volltext, Open Access

1759724386

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724386 OCoLC 1255595051 WBOKR 21056 EBP 06456536X KEP 06456536X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21056 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Analysis of Displacement in Somalia World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource s ABSENTEEISM s ABUSE s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT s ACCESS TO JUSTICE s ACCESS TO LAND s ADMINISTRATIVE REGIONS s ADOLESCENTS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s ARMED CONFLICT s ASYLUM s BEATINGS s BLUEPRINT s CHILD LABOUR s CHILD SOLDIERS s CITIES s CITIZEN s CITIZENS s CITIZENSHIP s CITIZENSHIP LAW s CIVIL LAW s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL WAR s CLAN LEADERS s COMPENSATION s COPING STRATEGIES s COUNTRIES OF ASYLUM s CRIMINAL s DEMOGRAPHIC IMPACTS s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS s DEVELOPMENT PLANNING s DISCRIMINATION s DISPLACED PERSONS s DISPLACEMENT s DISPLACEMENT EFFECTS s DISSEMINATION s DISTRICTS s DIVERSITY s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s DOMINANCE s DRIVERS s DRUGS s ECONOMIC COSTS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPROVEMENT s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ELDERLY s ELDERLY PERSON s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ETHNIC DISCRIMINATION s EVICTION s EXPOSURE TO VIOLENCE s EXTENDED FAMILIES s EXTENDED FAMILY s EXTENDED FAMILY SUPPORT s FACT SHEET s FAMILY MEMBERS s FEMALE s FEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FOOD INSECURITY s FORCED EVICTIONS s FORCED LABOUR s FORCED MIGRATION s FORCED PROSTITUTION s GENDER s GENDER ROLES s GOVERNMENT CAPACITY s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s HABITAT s HARASSMENT s HOME s HOMES s HOTELS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSES s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RIGHTS s HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS s HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS s INCLUSION s INDIGENOUS GROUPS s INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSANITARY HOUSING s INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT s INTERNAL MIGRANTS s INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY s INTERNATIONAL LAW s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION s IRREGULAR MIGRATION s JUDGES s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR MIGRATION s LABOUR EXPLOITATION s LABOUR MARKET s LACK OF AWARENESS s LACK OF DEVELOPMENT s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND TENURE s LARGE NUMBERS OF PEOPLE s LAWS s LEADING CAUSES s LEGISLATION s LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL MECHANISMS s LOCAL POPULATION s LOSS OF LAND s MARGINALIZATION s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MINORITY s MOBILITY s MOTHER s MOTIVATION s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL POLICY s NATIONAL SECURITY s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUMBER OF REFUGEES s OCCUPATION s OLD REGIME s OLDER PERSON s OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK s OWNERSHIP OF LAND s PEACE s PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT s PLACES OF ORIGIN s PLANTATIONS s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY LEVEL s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POPULATION MOVEMENT s POPULATION MOVEMENTS s POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRESS s PUBLIC BUILDINGS s PULL FACTOR s RAPE s REFUGEE s REFUGEE CAMPS s REFUGEES s REINTEGRATION PROCESS s RELIGIOUS LEADERS s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPATRIATION s REPRODUCTIVE AGE s RESIDENCE s RESPECT s RETURNEE s RETURNEES s RULE OF LAW s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL POPULATION s SECURITY SITUATION s SERVICE DELIVERY s SETTLEMENT s SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR s SEXUAL EXPLOITATION s SEXUAL VIOLENCE s SHARIA s SHARIA LAWS s SHELTER s SLUM s SLUM AREAS s SLUM DWELLERS s SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES s SOCIAL GROUPS s SOCIAL INTEGRATION s SOCIAL PRESSURE s STREET CHILDREN s SURVIVORS OF VIOLENCE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOWNS s TRAUMA s UNEMPLOYED s UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTRES s URBAN ENVIRONMENTS s URBAN LAND s URBAN MIGRATION s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN SETTLEMENTS s URBAN SLUMS s VICTIMS s VILLAGES s VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s VOLUNTARY REPATRIATION s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE GROUP s VULNERABLE POPULATIONS s WAR s WARS s WILL s WORK FORCE s WORKFORCE s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUTH pha English en_US Development and humanitarian actors currently engaged in Somalia face the challenge of delivering assistance in such a way that it is supportive of peace and state building, addresses the acute vulnerability, and dependence of large shares of the population while operating in a still insecure and changing environment. Forced displacement is a key feature of the current political economy context of Somalia. The necessity of addressing displacement is partly due to the scale and duration of the phenomenon. Displacement dynamics have fundamentally reshaped Somali culture in multiple ways. The purpose of this study is to inform the Bank and other development and humanitarian actors on the scale, characteristics, and political economy dimensions of displacement in Somalia. The study was undertaken between February and June 2013 by a team from the Tana Copenhagen. The conceptual framework for the study was based on one for political economy assessments. In this context the report presents, introduction; history, causes, and characteristics of displacement in Somalia; current internally displaced person (IDP) situation; prospects for return; vulnerabilities and development needs of the displaced; political economy challenges; and development for IDPs - recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:18:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868965 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21056 Volltext, Open Access

1759724394

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724394 OCoLC 1255595025 WBOKR 21127 EBP 064565351 KEP 064565351 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21127 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia Repeat Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability Report and Performance Indicators World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Jakarta 2012 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s BUDGET CREDIBILITY s BUDGET EXECUTION CONTROL s EXTERNAL AUDIT s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT FRAMEWORK s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT s REFORMS English en_US This public expenditure and financial accountability (PEFA) assessment for Indonesia was undertaken by a team of World Bank staff and development partners with close involvement of counterparts from the Government of Indonesia, including the ministry of finance, state ministry of development planning (Bappenas), and some line ministries. The objective of the assessment is to update the integrated, standardized, indicator-led assessment of public financial management (PFM) systems, processes, and institutions as a whole against good international practices. This PEFA assessment has been funded by the Bank and a multi-donor trust fund, supported by contributions from the European Commission, the Governments of the Netherlands and the Swiss Confederation, and United States Agency for International Development (USAID). This report focuses mainly on the changes in the performance of the PFM system from 2007 to 2011. This report focuses largely on the major changes since 2007, and also on the ongoing reforms that should impact an assessment in the future organizations. It provides an integrated, standardized, and indicator-led methodology to measure and monitor PFM performance over time. The objective is to help assess the performance of PFM systems, processes, and institutions relative to internationally recognized good system characteristics. The rating methodology, covering a set of 31 high level performance indicators, with over 70 dimensions, emphasizes empirical and observable facets for each PFM area 40 17-11-21 00:18:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868973 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21127 Volltext, Open Access

1759724408

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724408 OCoLC 1255595053 WBOKR 21124 EBP 064565343 KEP 064565343 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21124 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Activating Vulnerable People into Good Jobs in Turkey Dan Finn VerfasserIn aut Rebekka Grun VerfasserIn aut Katia Herrera-Sosa VerfasserIn aut Herwig Immervoll VerfasserIn aut Cristobal Ridao-Cano VerfasserIn aut Gokce Uysal VerfasserIn aut Ahmet Levent Yener VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Turkey s ACCOUNTING s ACTIVE LABOR s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s ADVISERS s AGE GROUPS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BUDGETING s CAREER COUNSELING s CASH TRANSFERS s CHILD CARE s CHILD REARING s CHILD-CARE s CITIZENS s CLAIMANTS s CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS s CURRENCY s DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS s DISABILITY s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DISMISSAL s DISSEMINATION s EARLY RETIREMENT s EARNINGS PROSPECTS s ECONOMIC DOWNTURNS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC VULNERABILITY s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL LEVELS s EMPLOYABILITY s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT HISTORIES s EMPLOYMENT OFFICE s EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s EMPLOYMENT SUBSIDIES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s FAMILY SUPPORT s FEMALE EMPLOYMENT s FEMALE LABOR s FEMALE LABOR FORCE s FORMAL EDUCATION s FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS s GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT s GENDER GAP s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH SERVICES s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HOLDING s HOME VISITS s HOUSEHOLD WORK s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME s INCOME SUPPORT s INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT s INFORMAL LABOR MARKETS s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s JOB COUNSELING s JOB CREATION s JOB LOSS s JOB OFFERS s JOB PLACEMENT s JOB SEARCH s JOB SEARCH ASSISTANCE s JOB SEEKERS s JOBS s LABOR COSTS s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS s LABOR MARKET DEMAND s LABOR MARKET EXPERIENCES s LABOR MARKET FLEXIBILITY s LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE s LABOR MARKET POLICY s LABOR MARKET PROBLEMS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR REGULATIONS s LABOR SUPPLY s LACK OF CAPACITY s LARGE NUMBERS OF WOMEN s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFE SKILLS s LIFELONG LEARNING s LIVING CONDITIONS s LIVING STANDARDS s LONG-TERM EMPLOYMENT s LOW EMPLOYMENT s LOW LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s MARKET INTEGRATION s MATHEMATICS s MINIMUM WAGE s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MOTHER s MOTIVATION s NATIONAL ACTION s NATIONAL ACTION PLAN s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL PRIORITIES s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s NUMBER OF PERSONS s NURSES s NUTRITION s OCCUPATION s OCCUPATIONS s OLDER ADULTS s OLDER MEN s OLDER PEOPLE s OLDER WOMEN s PARTICIPATION IN SOCIETY s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY MAKERS s POPULATION PROJECTIONS s PRELIMINARY RESULTS s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE PROVISION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT s PRODUCTIVE FIRMS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROGRESS s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICE s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SUPPORT s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s RESPECT s RETURNS s SANITATION s SCARCE RESOURCES s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SELF-SUFFICIENCY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICES FOR CHILDREN s SICK LEAVE s SITUATION OF WOMEN s SKILL LEVEL s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL COSTS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL EQUITY s SOCIAL EXPENDITURES s SOCIAL INCLUSION s SOCIAL NORMS s SOCIAL POLICIES s SOCIAL SECTORS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL SUPPORT s SOCIAL SUPPORT SYSTEM s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOCIAL WORKERS s SPOUSE s SPOUSES s STABLE JOB s SUITABLE EMPLOYMENT s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING PROVIDERS s TRAINING SYSTEM s UNEDUCATED WOMEN s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYED JOB SEEKERS s UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT s UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE FUND s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s URBANIZATION s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL PROGRAMS s VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMS s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WAGE GAP s WAGE SECTOR s WAGE SUBSIDIES s WAGES s WELFARE RECIPIENTS s WORK EXPERIENCE s WORKER s WORKERS s WORKFORCE s WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT s WORKFORCE SKILLS s WORKING-AGE POPULATION s YOUNG CHILD s YOUNG CHILDREN s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG PEOPLE English en_US This report presents the results of a highly simplified profiling exercise to demonstrate the initial steps of profiling and draw some initial conclusions on the types of clients that might be covered by activation policies in Turkey, and the extent of their socio-economic vulnerability as well as labor market employability. A key conclusion is that policy makers will need to decide whether to put the emphasis on the former or on the latter so that the dual objectives of protecting the vulnerable and helping them move out of transfer dependence are achieved. The initial profiling exercise shows that several large subgroups of the vulnerable comprise inactive females, often with limited or outdated skills. A priority might be to rethink the offer of public services involved in up-skilling the workforce, such as lifelong learning, in order to mobilize the largest identified segments. This Executive Summary reflects on four connected background papers. A conceptual framework first defines vulnerability and activation policies. A second background paper takes stock of the progress of activation policies in Turkey to date. A third background paper profiles the large and diverse group of vulnerable people in Turkey into units of higher or lower priority, while the final background paper examines how the capacity and skills of the vulnerable, especially those in the high priority units, can be built 40 17-11-21 00:18:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939868981 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21124 Volltext, Open Access

1759724416

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724416 OCoLC 1255594760 WBOKR 21064 EBP 064565335 KEP 064565335 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21064 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Public Expenditure Reviews in Science, Technology, and Innovation A Guidence Note Paulo Correa VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CONTRIBUTION s GLOBAL CHALLENGES s INNOVATION POLICY PLATFORM s INNOVATION POTENTIAL s ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT s SCIENCE,TECHNOLOGY,AND INNOVATION s STI s STI EXPENDITURES s WORLD BANK English en_US This Guidance Note lays out a framework for the assessment of science, technology, and innovation (STI) expenditures in developing countries, with an emphasis on their contribution to economic development 40 17-11-21 00:18:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986899X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21064 Volltext, Open Access

1759724424

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724424 OCoLC 1255595031 WBOKR 21063 EBP 064565327 KEP 064565327 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21063 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Armenia Public Expenditure Review Expanding the Fiscal Envelope World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Armenia Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTING s ANALYTICAL CAPACITY s BAILIFF s BANKING SECTOR s BENEFICIARIES s BOND s BOND HOLDERS s BOND MARKET s BROKERS s BUDGET BALANCE s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s BUDGET CYCLE s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET EXPENDITURE s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUDGETING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL MARKET s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BUDGET s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE PAY s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPOSITION OF EXPENDITURES s CONCENTRATION COEFFICIENT s CONCENTRATION COEFFICIENTS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s CORPORATE TAX RATE s CURRENCY s DEFICITS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITORS s DIFFERENTIALS s DISABILITY PENSIONS s DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME s DOUBLE TAXATION s ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION s EDUCATION SPENDING s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE POLICIES s EXPENDITURE PRIORITIES s EXPENDITURE PROGRAMS s EXPENDITURE REPORTING s EXPENDITURE REPORTS s EXPORTERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL ACTIVITIES s FISCAL ADJUSTMENT s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL ENVELOPE s FISCAL IMPACT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL PROJECTIONS s FISCAL SPACE s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FIXED ASSETS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT BUDGETARY FRAMEWORK s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE s INCOME REDISTRIBUTION s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTEREST EXPENSE s INTEREST INCOME s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s JUDICIAL ENFORCEMENT s LABOR MARKET s LIVING STANDARDS s LLC s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MAINTENANCE BUDGET s MARGINAL EFFECTS s MARKET FAILURES s MARKET TRANSACTIONS s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MINISTRY OF LABOR s MONETARY FUND s PENSION s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME TAX s POLICY ANALYSIS s POLICY DECISION s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY MAKERS s POLICY PRIORITIES s POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS s POST-CRISIS PERIODS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEMAND s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC ENTITIES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC SPENDING PROGRAMS s REDISTRIBUTION s REDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RETURN s REVENUE BASE s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE INCREASES s REVENUE LOSS s REVENUE PERFORMANCE s REVENUE SOURCES s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD TRANSPORT s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SECURITIES MARKETS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS s SOCIAL EXPENDITURES s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s STATE BUDGET s STOCKS s SUB-NATIONAL s SUB-NATIONAL ENTITIES s SUBNATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL ENTITIES s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX ADMINISTRATION REFORMS s TAX BASE s TAX BURDENS s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX CREDIT s TAX DEFERRALS s TAX EXEMPTION s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX EXPENDITURE s TAX EXPENDITURES s TAX LAWS s TAX OFFICIALS s TAX PAYERS s TAX POLICY s TAX PRODUCTIVITY s TAX PROVISIONS s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX REFORM s TAX REFORMS s TAX RETURNS s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUE MOBILIZATION s TAX REVENUES s TAX STRUCTURE s TAX SYSTEM s TAXABLE INCOME s TAXATION s TAXPAYER BEHAVIOR s TAXPAYERS s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s TRANSFER PAYMENTS s TRANSPARENCY s TRUST FUND s TRUST FUNDS s TURNOVER s UNTAXED GOODS English en_US Armenia's small revenue and spending envelopes limit the government's ability to influence the economy, even while its influence through laws, rules, and regulations is significant. The government has an important role to play to reduce poverty and boost shared prosperity, and needs fiscal space. This public expenditure review (PER) analyzes and provides recommendations for the different dimensions of expanding the fiscal envelope. There are three ways of creating fiscal space: the first is higher tax revenue mobilization (through better administration and enforcement of existing taxes, higher tax rates, or new taxes on previously untaxed goods and services or incomes), second, lower spending on less productive programs, and third, an increase in the effectiveness of spending, that is, a higher output of the things the government wants (efficient administration, human capital, services for the population) for a given level of spending. The report highlights Armeniaapos;s limited fiscal envelope, and points out that key areas, such as education, health, and road transport, had been consistently underfunded. It suggests that revenue needs to be significantly improved, and the government will have to revisit its expenditure priorities to create the spending headroom needed to at least maintain the spending level in these areas. The structure of the report is presented as follows: section one gives executive summary. Section two focuses on quantifying fiscal activities. Section three analyzes a number of tax exemptions and loopholes. Section four analyzes ways to improve the impact out of every Armenian dram raised and spent. Section five evaluates in detail the social protection system's performance. Section six accompanies the reforms of Armenia's public service remuneration system 40 17-11-21 00:18:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869007 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21063 Volltext, Open Access

1759724432

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724432 OCoLC 1255595011 WBOKR 21069 EBP 064565319 KEP 064565319 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21069 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Botswana Skills for Competitiveness and Economic Growth World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Botswana s ACCREDITATION s ACHIEVEMENT OF CHILDREN s ACHIEVEMENT TESTS s ADULT LITERACY s APTITUDES s BACKGROUND PAPERS s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC EDUCATION SECTOR s BASIC EDUCATION SYSTEM s BASIC LITERACY s BASIC READING s CAREER s CAREER EDUCATION s CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COLLEGES s COMPETITIVE GLOBAL ECONOMY s CONTINUING EDUCATION s CONTINUOUS LEARNING s COURSE OFFERINGS s CURRICULA s DEGREE PROGRAMS s DEGREES s EDUCATED UNEMPLOYMENT s EDUCATION AUTHORITIES s EDUCATION EXPERIENCE s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION PROGRAMS s EDUCATION PROVIDERS s EDUCATION QUALITY s EDUCATION SERVICES s EDUCATION STATISTICS s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL CREDENTIALS s EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES s EDUCATIONAL QUALITY s EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH s EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s FACULTIES s FURTHER EDUCATION s GENERAL EDUCATION s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTES s HIGHLY EDUCATED PEOPLE s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s ILLITERACY s IMPROVING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT s INSTRUCTORS s INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS s INTERVENTIONS s INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION s JOB TRAINING s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET DEMAND s LABOR MARKETS s LEADERSHIP s LEARNERS s LEARNING s LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFELONG LEARNING s LITERACY s LITERACY RATES s LITERATURE s LOCAL SCHOOLS s LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION s MATHEMATICS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MOBILITY s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS s NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK s NET ENROLLMENT s NET ENROLLMENT RATE s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s NUMERACY s OCCUPATIONS s PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s POSTGRADUATE LEVEL s PRIMARY LEVEL s PRIMARY LOWER SECONDARY s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PROBLEM SOLVING s PROVINCIAL EDUCATION s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY LEARNING s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s READING s RESEARCH INSTITUTE s RETURNS TO EDUCATION s RURAL AREAS s SCHOOL LEVEL s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SCIENCE EDUCATION s SCIENCE STUDY s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED OCCUPATIONS s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLED WORKFORCE s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SKILLS REQUIREMENTS s SKILLS TRAINING s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT ENROLLMENT s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT PLACEMENT s STUDENT SATISFACTION s SUBJECT AREAS s TEACHER s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHER TRAINING INSTITUTES s TEACHER TRAINING PROGRAMS s TEACHING s TECHNICAL COLLEGES s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TECHNICAL INSTITUTES s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY EDUCATION SYSTEM s TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS s TERTIARY LEVEL s TERTIARY SECTOR s TEST SCORES s TEXTBOOKS s TRAINEES s TRAINING CENTERS s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING INSTITUTES s TUTORS s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNIVERSAL BASIC EDUCATION s UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION s UNIVERSITIES s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL INSTITUTES s VOCATIONAL SKILLS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VOCATIONAL TRAINING COURSES English en_US Botswana has pursued prudent macroeconomic policies to manage the revenue streams from diamond exports. It is now an upper-middle-income country that outperforms other countries in Sub-Saharan Africa on key indicators of socioeconomic performance including education, health, and social services. The economic structure in Botswana has undergone changes in recent years, but these changes have not yet ended the countryapos;s reliance on diamond exports. Until recently, Botswana also had a telecommunications monopoly; other utilities are not always accessible at competitive terms. Looking at the lessons offered by successful economies that have grown rapidly in a short period of time, such as those in East Asia, it is clear that export-led industrialization policies contributed to their growth. These policies involve the state taking the lead in crafting and managing market institutions, building physical infrastructure to support industrialization, and minimizing coordination failure within the various segments of the economy. A well-educated and trained population with a wide spectrum of skills also played a vital supporting role in this growth in East Asia. This population had a sufficient skills base to absorb and assimilate technology (via foreign direct investment), operate equipment and infrastructure, and create effective organizations. The country faces significant challenges in transforming its human resources into a force that can drive total factor productivity improvements and, consequently, economic growth 40 17-11-21 00:18:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869015 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21069 Volltext, Open Access

1759724440

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724440 OCoLC 1255594998 WBOKR 21077 EBP 064565300 KEP 064565300 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21077 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Botswana Labor Market Signals on Demand for Skills World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Botswana s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s ACTIVE LABOR s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s ADJUSTMENT PROCESS s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WORKERS s APTITUDES s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC EDUCATION NEEDS s BASIC EDUCATION SYSTEM s BASIC LITERACY s BASIC SKILLS s CAREER COUNSELING s CARPENTERS s CLERKS s COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS s CREATIVE THINKING s CRITICAL THINKING s DEMAND FOR EDUCATION s DIPLOMAS s DRIVERS s EARNING s EDUCATED WORKERS s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION QUALITY s EDUCATION REFORM s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL CREDENTIALS s EDUCATIONAL LEVELS s EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES s EDUCATIONAL QUALITY s EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENTS s EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH s EDUCATORS s ELECTRICIANS s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS s EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS s EMPLOYMENT SERVICES s ENGINEERING EDUCATION s ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS s FINDING WORK s FIRM SIZE s FOREIGN OWNERSHIP s FOREIGN WORKERS s FOREIGN-OWNED FIRMS s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENERAL EDUCATION s GENERIC SKILLS s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s IN-SERVICE TRAINING s INCOME SUPPORT s INCOME SUPPORT PROGRAMS s INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT s INFORMAL SECTOR s INTERVENTIONS s INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION s INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION s JOB EXPERIENCE s JOB SKILLS s JOBS s JUNIOR CERTIFICATE s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE DEMANDS s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS s LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR ORGANIZATION s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR STATISTICS s LABOR UNIONS s LABOR-INTENSIVE GROWTH s LABORERS s LABOUR s LABOUR FORCE s LABOUR STATISTICS s LEADERSHIP s LEARNING s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF LITERACY s LITERACY SKILLS s LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS s NUMERACY s OCCUPATION s OCCUPATIONS s ON-THEJOB TRAINING s PAPERS s PAYING JOBS s PERSISTENT UNEMPLOYMENT s POST SECONDARY EDUCATION s PREVIOUS WORK s PREVIOUS WORK EXPERIENCE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY LEVEL s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRINTING s PRIVATE EDUCATION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROBLEM SOLVING s PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS s PRODUCTION PROCESSES s PROFESSORS s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s RATES OF RETURN s READING s RETAIL TRADE s RETURNS TO EDUCATION s RISING UNEMPLOYMENT s RURAL AREAS s RURAL SCHOOLS s SAFETY NET s SALARIED EMPLOYMENT s SANITATION s SECONDARY SCHOOLING s SELF EMPLOYED s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE SECTOR s SKILL REQUIREMENTS s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED MANPOWER s SKILLED OCCUPATIONS s SKILLED WORKER s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLED WORKFORCE s SKILLS ACQUISITION s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SKILLS REQUIREMENTS s SKILLS TRAINING s SOCIAL SKILLS s TEACHER s TEACHER EDUCATORS s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING METHODS s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TEMPORARY WORKERS s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TRAINING CURRICULA s TRAINING INSTITUTIONS s TRAVEL AGENTS s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYED WORKERS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNIVERSITIES s UNPAID WORKERS s UNSKILLED LABOR s UNSKILLED WORKERS s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL SKILLS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WAGE COMPRESSION s WAGE LEVELS s WORKER s WORKFORCE SKILLS s YOUTH English en_US Botswana has an official unemployment rate of 17.8 percent. The low labor-intensity of growth is a potential explaining factor for this high level of unemployment. It is thus essential to analyze the role of education and training in the access to employment. This note finds that the role of education has changed under the effect of schooling expansion and persistent unemployment. Labor market institutions appear to have a limited impact on employment and wage levels, while the importance of active labor market programs is growing. This note aims to identify labor market signals that point to demand for specific current and future skills. The note seeks to answer the following questions: does the labor market place a higher premium on workers literacy and numeracy skills, technical skills, or behavioral skills?; is the labor market more in need of secondary or tertiary education graduates?; and will growing economic sectors (for example, tourism) benefit more by increasing the supply of sector-specific skills (for example, through specific training for tour guides and hospitality staff) or general skills (for example, through training of lawyers and accountants who can be absorbed in any sector of the economy)?.This note analyzes the following data and documentation to identify labor market signals in the Botswana economy: government economic growth and diversification strategies; general labor market data; and enterprise and employee surveys 40 17-11-21 00:18:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869023 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21077 Volltext, Open Access

1759724459

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724459 OCoLC 1255594901 WBOKR 21078 EBP 064565297 KEP 064565297 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21078 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Raising Botswana's Human Resource Profile to Facilitate Economic Diversification and Growth World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Botswana s DIAMONDS s ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION s EDUCATION SECTOR INVESTMENT s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEW ECONOMY SKILLS s PRIVATE SECTOR s SKILLS SHORTAGE s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s UNEMPLOYMENT English en_US Botswanaapos;s economic growth has hinged on its abundant natural resources, particularly diamonds, which generate nearly half of its fiscal revenues. In terms of sustainable growth, this dependency on natural resources poses the biggest challenge for the country. To prepare Botswana for life after diamonds, the government developed a growth paradigm in its vision 2016 strategy document (Presidential Task Group 1997), which suggests that the development of new economy skills will play an extremely important role in the country s future. Botswana is aiming to develop new engines of growth, supplementing the diamond industry with manufacturing, financial, and transport services, and transforming the country s entrepreneurship sector into a buoyant, productive, and innovative private sector led by entrepreneurs with cutting-edge skills. A key ingredient of this strategy is the development of a holistic approach to skills development. Botswana has achieved high enrollment in basic education (90 percent in primary education) and the government continues to invest a high share of gross domestic GDP, almost 8 percent, in the education sector. In 2010 11, expenditures on education amounted to 25 percent of total government expenditures. Nevertheless, a skills constraint is repeatedly cited as a major challenge for businesses in the country. In 2010, the Enterprise Survey for Botswana reported that of the 10 major business constraints, the majority of firms in the country reported skills shortage as the key problem (World Bank, 2010a). The country also has high unemployment rates reported at approximately 17.8 percent and approximately 27 percent, when discouraged jobseekers are included (CSO, 2011). This note reviews the current landscape of the education sector in Botswana and attempts to identify key bottlenecks in the supply of relevant skills for economic diversification. Recommendations for preparing students who can be readily integrated into the labor market are then offered, using examples of best practices from successful case studies 40 17-11-21 00:18:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869031 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21078 Volltext, Open Access

1759724467

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724467 OCoLC 1255595013 WBOKR 21082 EBP 064565289 KEP 064565289 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21082 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Skills Implications of Botswana's Diamond Beneficiation Strategy World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Botswana s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURE s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BUSINESS SERVICES s CERTIFICATION s COMMUNICATION SECTOR s COMMUNICATION SKILLS s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS s CONSTRUCTION s COST EFFECTIVENESS s CREATING OPPORTUNITIES s DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMICS s ELASTICITY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT EFFECTS s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT INCREASE s EMPLOYMENT LEVELS s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EXPORTS s FACTORS OF PRODUCTION s FOREIGN LABOR s FOREIGN WORKERS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME s INNOVATION s INSURANCE s JOB CREATION s JOBS s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR TURNOVER s LABOR-INTENSIVE GROWTH s LABORERS s LABOUR s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY s MATHEMATICS s MOTIVATION s MULTIPLIER EFFECTS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NDP s ON-THE-JOB TRAINING s ON-THE-JOB TRAINING PROGRAMS s OUTPUTS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION PROCESS s PRODUCTION SIDE s PRODUCTIVITY s RETAIL TRADE s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLED WORKFORCE s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SUPPLIERS s TECHNICIANS s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING PROVIDERS s UNSKILLED WORKERS s VALUE ADDED s WELFARE SYSTEM s WORKERS s WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT English en_US This note examines the skills implications of the beneficiation strategy, particularly those of diamond cutting and polishing. In addition to reviewing the government s plans to develop downstream activities and their implementation, the note offers employment projections based on the potential success of diamond beneficiation efforts. For this purpose, an input-output simulation is used to show how output linkages arising from the production of polished diamond exports will impact labor in various sectors of the economy. The analysis is based on primary data and information collected through interviews with relevant stakeholders in the diamond industry, as well as secondary data from official sources. The note suggests that in the last five years, Botswana has made considerable progress in establishing a local cutting and polishing industry, but that the success of this industry depends on the creation of concomitant skills. By 2010, the industry had already created close to 3,000 direct jobs in 16 cutting and polishing factories, in line with governmental targets. The input-output simulation shows, that the output linkages arising from the input demands associated with processing rough diamonds, valued at $550 million by the 16 aforementioned factories has the potential to create over 6,000 indirect jobs in the country. The cutting and polishing industry is still in the development phase and needs a dynamic policy environment in order to remain relevant at all stages of its development. Policies are needed in particular to: create industry-specific skills (with clear skills transfer targets, or deadlines), establish technology links between the diamond hub and the innovation sector, facilitate rough diamond trading, and expand the capacity of the Botswana Training Authority (BOTA) to accredit cutting and polishing programs within industry factories 40 17-11-21 00:18:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986904X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21082 Volltext, Open Access

1759724475

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724475 OCoLC 1255594761 WBOKR 21083 EBP 064565270 KEP 064565270 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21083 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Skills Needs of the Private Sector in Botswana World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Botswana s ACTIVE LABOR s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s AGE GROUP s APTITUDES s AVERAGE UNEMPLOYMENT s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC KNOWLEDGE s BASIC LITERACY s CLERICAL WORKERS s CLERKS s COMPLETION RATE s COMPLETION RATES s COMPUTER SKILLS s CONTINUOUS LEARNING s CURRICULA s DIPLOMAS s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EDUCATION CYCLE s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS s EDUCATIONAL LEVELS s EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS s EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENTS s ELEMENTARY SCHOOL s EMPLOYABILITY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT POLICY s EMPLOYMENT SERVICES s ENROLLMENT s ENROLLMENT RATE s ETHICS s FIRM GROWTH s FIRM SIZE s FOREIGN WORKERS s FORMAL LABOR MARKET s GENERAL EDUCATION s GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION s GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS REPORT s HIGH WAGE s HIGH WAGE PREMIUM s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE s INNOVATIVE APPROACHES s INTERNSHIPS s INTERVENTIONS s JOB EXPERIENCE s JOB PLACEMENT s JOB PLACEMENT SERVICES s JOB TENURE s JOB VACANCIES s JOBS s JUNIOR CERTIFICATE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR LAWS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR REGULATIONS s LABOUR s LEARNING s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LITERACY s LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION s MATHEMATICS s MOBILITY s NUMERACY s OCCUPATION s OCCUPATIONS s OLDER WORKERS s ON-THE-JOB TRAINING s PAPERS s PREVIOUS WORK s PREVIOUS WORK EXPERIENCE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL LEVELS s PRIVATE FIRMS s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE TRAINING s PRIVATE TRAINING PROVIDERS s PROBLEM SOLVING s PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS s PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s RATES OF RETURN s RATES OF RETURN TO EDUCATION s RETAIL TRADE s RETURNS TO EDUCATION s SCHOOL CHILDREN s SCHOOL LEVELS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SKILL SHORTAGES s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED OCCUPATIONS s SKILLED WORKER s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLED WORKFORCE s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SKILLS REQUIREMENTS s SKILLS TRAINING s SOCIAL SKILLS s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT PLACEMENT s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING INSTITUTES s TRAINING INSTITUTIONS s TRAINING PROGRAM s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING PROVIDER s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT DURATION s UNEMPLOYMENT LEVEL s UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL SKILLS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WAGE DIFFERENTIALS s WAGE GAIN s WAGE GROWTH s WAGE PREMIUM s WAGE PREMIUMS s WORK EXPERIENCE s WORKER s WORKERS s YOUNG WORKERS s YOUTH s YOUTH EMPLOYMENT s YOUTH TRAINING s YOUTH TRAINING PROGRAMS English Human development is one of the pillars of Botswana's Country Partnership Strategy with the World Bank (2009-13). The Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) is in line with Botswana's vision 2016, which, in terms of human development, envisions the transformation of Botswana to an educated and informed nation and to a prosperous, productive and innovative nation as two key cornerstones of the strategy. In line with these objectives, the World Bank with support from the Ministry of Education and Skills Development (MoESD) embarked on analytical study entitled skills for economic growth and diversification in Botswana. The work is informed by Botswana s need to diversify its economy to facilitate stronger, more sustainable economic and employment growth and, concurrently, equip its workforce with a variety of skill sets that meet employer needs. This note is divided into six parts. The following section (section two) provides a profile of surveyed firms; sections three and four present the findings of employer and employee evaluations of the types of skills needed for employment. Section five presents the results of econometric analysis of the determinants of wages and wage growth for employees. The final section proposes some concrete recommendations on how to support the development of the skills valued by the private sector in Botswana 40 17-11-21 00:18:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869058 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21083 Volltext, Open Access

1759724483

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724483 OCoLC 1255595017 WBOKR 21084 EBP 064565262 KEP 064565262 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21084 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Armenia A Cloudy Outlook World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Armenia Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTING s ACCUMULATION OF RESERVES s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURE s ANNUAL GROWTH s BASIS POINT s BASIS POINTS s BENEFICIARIES s BONDS s BROKERAGE s BUFFERS s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK LOAN s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION BASKET s CONSUMPTION BASKETS s CONSUMPTION GOODS s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CONSUMPTION SPENDING s CORE INFLATION s CPI s CREDIT EXPANSION s CREDIT RATING s CURRENCY s CURRENCY MISMATCHES s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CUSTOMS UNION s DEBT HOLDINGS s DEBT SERVICE s DEFICIT FINANCING s DEFLATION s DEPRECIATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC INVESTORS s DOMESTIC LIQUIDITY s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICY s ELASTICITY s EQUITY ISSUANCE s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE POLICIES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORTERS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEMAND s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTREME POVERTY s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL EFFORTS s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED INVESTMENTS s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENT s FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS s FUTURES s FUTURES MARKETS s GDP s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM s GEOPOLITICAL TENSIONS s GLOBAL DEMAND s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL INTEREST s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOVERNMENT DEFICIT s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GRACE PERIOD s GRADUAL DEPRECIATION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATES s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPORT s IMPORT COSTS s IMPORT GROWTH s IMPORT TARIFF s IMPORT TARIFFS s IMPORTS s INCOME s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFLATION TARGETING s INFLATION TARGETING REGIME s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s JUSTICE SYSTEMS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LIBERALIZATION s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LONG-TERM LOANS s LONG-TERM OBLIGATIONS s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC RISK s MARKET EFFICIENCIES s MARKET EFFICIENCY s METALS s MINERAL PRICES s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET IMPORTS s NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE s NOMINAL WAGES s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OIL s OIL PRICES s OPEN MARKET s OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS s OUTPUT GAP s PENSION s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s POPULATION GROWTH s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE DYNAMICS s PRICE HIKE s PRICE INCREASE s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE INDEXES s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE DEBT s PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY s PROFIT MARGIN s PUBLIC DEBT s REAL EXPORT s REAL EXPORT GROWTH s REAL GDP s REAL IMPORT s RECESSION s REGISTRATION FEES s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURNS s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SHORT-TERM EXTERNAL DEBT s SHORTFALL s SLOWDOWN s SLOWDOWNS s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s STRUCTURAL UNEMPLOYMENT s SUPPLY SIDE s SURPLUS s TARGET RANGE s TARIFF INCREASE s TARIFF INCREASES s TARIFF POLICY s TAX CREDITS s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX INCREASE s TAX RATE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERMS OF TRADE s TOTAL EXPORTS s TOTAL EXTERNAL DEBT s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE IMPACT s TRADE PATTERNS s TRADE POLICY s TRADE RESTRICTIVENESS s TRADE SHOCK s TRADING s TRADING PARTNER s TRADING PARTNERS s TRANCHE s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILL RATE s TREATY s TURNOVER s UNCERTAINTY s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s WEIGHTS s WORKING CAPITAL s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US Economic growth slowed to 3.5 percent in 2013 and 2.7 percent year-on-year in the first half of 2014. The slowdown is the result of a number of factors such as slackening foreign direct investment (FDI), dependence on a limited number of commodity exports, and a difficult external economic environment. Consumer lending and remittances continued to support private consumption, but under-execution of government spending suppressed aggregate demand. On the supply side, the mining and energy sectors performed particularly badly, offsetting positive developments in manufacturing. Year-on-year inflation reached close to zero in August 2014, following a long decline since energy price increases caused it to flare up in July 2013. Twelve-month inflation slowed to 0.8 percent in August, well below the central bank s 2.5 5.5 percent target range. The decline came despite new electricity price increases in the same month. On the whole, second-round price pressures were minimal. Core inflation, excluding prices for food and fuel, was being held below headline inflation in the second half of the year 40 17-11-21 00:18:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869066 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21084 Volltext, Open Access

1759724491

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 0206:08-05-23 16:10:29.000 0206:07-02-22 utf8 0 Oau Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724491 OCoLC 1255594990 WBOKR 21086 EBP 064565254 KEP 064565254 eng 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21086 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia Economic Quarterly, December 2014 Delivering Change World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS s ADVANCED ECONOMIES s AFFORDABILITY s AGRICULTURE s AMORTIZATIONS s ARREARS s ASSET PURCHASE s ASSET QUALITY s AUTOREGRESSION s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK CREDIT s BANK DEPOSIT s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK LENDING s BANK LIQUIDITY s BANKING SECTOR s BANKS s BASIS POINT s BASIS POINTS s BENCHMARK s BOND s BOND FLOWS s BOND INDEX s BOND PRICES s BOND YIELDS s BUDGET DEFICIT s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CASH PAYMENTS s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL BANK s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY EXPORTS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CREDIT CONSTRAINTS s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT MARKET s CREDIT RATING s CURRENCY DEPRECIATION s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT SECURITIES s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT SERVICING COSTS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DERIVATIVE s DERIVATIVE TRANSACTIONS s DERIVATIVES s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DISBURSEMENT s DIVIDENDS s DOLLAR PRICE s DOMESTIC BANK s DOMESTIC BOND s DOMESTIC BONDS s DOMESTIC CREDIT s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC ASSUMPTIONS s ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC EXPANSION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET BOND s EMERGING MARKETS s EMPLOYERS s EQUIPMENT s EQUITIES s EQUITY INDICES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCISE TAXES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTREME POVERTY s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCIAL ACCOUNT s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCING COSTS s FINANCING NEEDS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL RESOURCES s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED INVESTMENT s FORECASTS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY DEBT s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS s FOREIGN FINANCING s FOREIGN INVESTOR s GDP s GDP DEFLATOR s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SECURITY s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH PROJECTIONS s GROWTH RATE s ID s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION RATES s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INTEREST COST s INTEREST COSTS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVENTORIES s INVESTMENT FLOWS s INVESTMENT SPENDING s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR DEMAND s INVESTOR INTEREST s JOB CREATION s KEY CHALLENGES s LABOR MARKET s LIQUIDITY RATIO s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENTS s LOAN QUALITY s LOCAL CURRENCY s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMICS s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DATA s MARKET PRICE s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MINIMUM WAGE s MINIMUM WAGES s MONETARY POLICY s NET EXPORTS s NEW MARKETS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s PERSONAL INCOME s POLICY RESPONSE s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INFLOWS s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s POST OFFICE s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE LEVELS s PRICE MOVEMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR FINANCING s PRUDENTIAL REGULATION s PUBLIC SPENDING s RAPID ECONOMIC EXPANSION s REAL GDP s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s RESERVES s RETURN s RURAL CREDIT s SAFETY NET s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES ISSUANCE s SMART CARDS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOVEREIGN YIELDS s SUBSIDY COSTS s SUKUK s TARIFF BARRIERS s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX REVENUES s TIME DEPOSIT s TIME DEPOSITS s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE CREDITS s TRADING s TREASURY s TURNOVER s UNDERLYING ASSETS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VILLAGE s VOLATILITY s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s WAGES s WORKING CAPITAL 091401070 Wirtschaftslage stw 10342-1 DA-3 091400988 Wirtschaftsindikator stw 15075-1 DA-3 091401194 Wirtschaftsprognose stw 10031-4 DA-3 091366941 Indonesien stw 17578-0 DA-3 2014 DA-3 DE-206 English en_US The Indonesia Economic Quarterly (IEQ) has two main aims. First, it reports on the key developments over the past three months in Indonesia s economy, and places these in a longerterm and global context. Based on these developments, and on policy changes over the period, the IEQ regularly updates the outlook for Indonesia s economy and social welfare. Second, the IEQ provides a more in-depth examination of selected economic and policy issues, and analysis of Indonesia s medium-term development challenges. It is intended for a wide audience, including policymakers, business leaders, financial market participants, and the community of analysts and professionals engaged in Indonesia s evolving economy 40 17-11-21 00:18:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869074 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21086 Volltext, Open Access

1759724505

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724505 OCoLC 1255594963 WBOKR 21100 EBP 064565246 KEP 064565246 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21100 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Access to Affordable and Low-Income Housing in East Asia and the Pacific World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific s ACCESS TO LAND s ACCOUNTABILITY s AFFORDABLE HOUSING s APARTMENTS s APPROPRIATE HOUSING s BANKING SECTOR s BANKS s BARRIOS s BORROWING s BORROWING COSTS s BUILDING MATERIALS s CAPITAL COSTS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITALS s CENTRAL BANKS s CITIES s COMMUNES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY GROUPS s CONSOLIDATION s COST OF HOUSING s CRIME s DEBT s DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME s DISTRICTS s DORMITORIES s DOWN PAYMENTS s DWELLING s DWELLING UNITS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYMENT s EVICTION s EXTERNALITIES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCING SOURCES s GOVERNMENT HOUSING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HABITAT s HOME OWNERSHIP s HOMEOWNERS s HOMES s HOSTELS s HOTELS s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HOUSING AFFORDABILITY s HOUSING AGENCIES s HOUSING CONSTRUCTION s HOUSING COSTS s HOUSING DEMAND s HOUSING DEVELOPMENT s HOUSING DEVELOPMENTS s HOUSING FINANCE s HOUSING MARKET s HOUSING MARKETS s HOUSING NEEDS s HOUSING POLICY s HOUSING PRICES s HOUSING PROJECTS s HOUSING PROVISION s HOUSING RIGHTS s HOUSING STOCKS s HOUSING SUPPLY s HOUSING UNITS s ILLEGAL SETTLEMENTS s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INFLATION s INFLATION RATES s INFORMAL HOUSING s INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS s INHABITANTS s INSURANCE s INTEREST RATES s INTERVENTION s INTERVENTIONS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND TENURE s LAND USE s LAND USE POLICIES s LARGE CITIES s LEGISLATION s LENDING INSTITUTIONS s LICENSES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOW COST HOUSING s MANDATES s MARKET VALUE s MICROFINANCE s MIGRATION s MOBILITY s MORTGAGE LENDING s MORTGAGE LOANS s MORTGAGES s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s NEIGHBORHOOD s OCCUPANCY s PATTERNS OF URBAN GROWTH s PAYMENT COLLECTION s PER CAPITA INCOME s POOR NEIGHBORHOODS s POPULATION GROUPS s POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES s PRIVATE BANKING s PRIVATE HOUSING s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR HOUSING s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PRIVATIZATION s PROPERTY OWNERSHIP s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROPERTY TAXES s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC BENEFITS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HOUSING s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SAFETY s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSIT s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS s REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS s RENTAL HOUSING s RENTALS s RENTING s RENTS s RESIDENCY s RETIREMENT s RETURN ON SALES s RISK MANAGEMENT s ROADS s RURAL AREAS s SAVINGS s SAVINGS PROGRAMS s SAVINGS RATES s SAVINGS SCHEMES s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT UPGRADING s SETTLERS s SEWAGE s SHELTER s SHELTERS s SLUM s SLUMS s SQUATTER s SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS s SUBSIDIARY s SUBSIDIZED HOUSING s TAX s TAX CREDITS s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX REVENUE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOWNS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN COMMUNITIES s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN DWELLERS s URBAN HOUSING s URBAN LAND s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN POOR s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN POPULATIONS s URBAN POVERTY s URBAN SERVICES s URBANIZATION s UTILITIES s VACANT LAND s VACANT PROPERTY s VILLAGES s ZONING English en_US Across the world, the housing sector plays a key role in local and national economies, and expanding access to housing can encourage more equitably shared economic growth. This report surveys current policy interventions designed to encourage affordable housing in East Asia and the Pacific (EAP). The purpose of this report is to provide a general overview of the recent trends in urbanization and development in EAP and to consider different forms of government, market, and nonprofit actions that support housing affordability. It will also highlight key constraints and barriers that restrict the provision of low-cost housing in urban areas. Housing is important because it represents a significant household expenditure. The report assesses the strengths and limitations of affordable housing strategies used by different countries throughout EAP. This report offers broad conclusions that account for the broad social, political, and institutional variation among EAP countries; as such, these conclusions may well be applicable to more than one country context. The report also provides specific recommendations for improvement where existing interventions are new or have proven less successful. The report is divided into following chapters: chapter one gives introduction. Chapter two examines trends in urbanization rates, economic development, and inequality in order to introduce the need for high-quality, low-cost housing options. Chapter three examines EAP regional trends in urban housing affordability for owners and renters from select cities. Chapter four outlines future directions for affordable housing provision based on a comparative consideration of international best practices. Finally, chapter five surveys different affordable housing policies currently in place in EAP and summarizes their strengths and weaknesses 40 17-11-21 00:18:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869082 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21100 Volltext, Open Access

1759724513

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724513 OCoLC 1255594741 WBOKR 21125 EBP 064565238 KEP 064565238 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21125 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Evaluation of the Solomon Islands Rural Development Program Ananta Neelim VerfasserIn aut Joseph Vecci VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Solomon Islands s ACCESS TO HEALTH s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO SANITATION FACILITIES s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s ACCOUNTABILITY s AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES s ALLOCATION OF WATER s AVERAGE TRAVEL TIME s BASIC SANITATION s BEST PRACTICES s CHURCH LEADERS s CLEAN WATER s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY GROUPS s COMMUNITY LEADERS s COMMUNITY MEMBERS s COMMUNITY OWNERSHIP s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMMUNITY PROJECTS s CONSENSUS s CONSULTATION s DATA ANALYSIS s DATA COLLECTION s DECISION MAKING s DRINKING WATER s DRIVING s FEMALE s FIELDWORK s FIGURES s FOCUS GROUPS s FOOD SECURITY s FRESH WATER s GENDER s GOVERNMENT SERVICES s HOUSEHOLD USE s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSES s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INFRASTRUCTURES s INTEREST GROUPS s LOCAL COMMUNITY s MODE OF TRANSPORT s OUTREACH s PARTICIPATORY DEVELOPMENT s PROGRAM EVALUATION s PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION s PROJECT PARTICIPATION s QUALITY OF WATER s QUALITY WATER s REFLECTION s RIVERS s ROAD s ROADS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SANITATION s SANITATION FACILITIES s SUPPLIERS s TOILETS s TRAINS s TRANSPORT s TRAVEL TIME s TRUE s VILLAGE s VILLAGE LEVEL s VILLAGES s WATER PROJECTS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SYSTEM s WATER TABLE s WATER TANKER s WELLS s YOUTH English en_US The purpose of this report is to analyse the impacts of the Rural Development Programme (RDP) of the Solomon Islands. RDP is an initiative to facilitate development in rural Solomon Islands. It focuses on participatory development, demand-responsive provision of Government services and creation of a supportive economic environment for small-scale rural development to foster employment and income growth. As a part of this evaluation process, a follow up survey was conducted in eighty villages, equally distributed across four provinces (Choiseul, Malaita, Temotu and Western) between June and July 2013. In each village we utilised two survey instruments, a) a household survey which was administered on ten randomly chosen households and b) a second questionnaire administered on community leaders (which also included members of the RDP s subproject implementation committee). The data collected in the baseline survey, conducted between 2010 and 2011, was the main basis for comparison and subsequent impact evaluation 40 17-11-21 00:18:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869090 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21125 Volltext, Open Access

1759724521

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724521 OCoLC 1255595058 WBOKR 21108 EBP 06456522X KEP 06456522X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21108 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Linking to Successful Bank-Financed Projects Argentine Republic's Environmental and Social Regulatory Framework World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource ARGENTINA Latin America & Caribbean s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES s AMENDMENT s ASSETS s AUTONOMY s BIDDING s BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY s CITIZEN PARTICIPATION s CIVIL SOCIETY s CODE OF CONDUCT s CONSOLIDATION s CONSULTATION PROCESS s CRIMINAL s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING PROCESS s DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES s DISCRETION s ECOLOGY s ECONOMIC BENEFITS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS s EXECUTIVE BRANCH s FEDERAL GOVERNMENT s FEDERAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FISHERIES s FISHING s FORESTRY s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s HAZARDOUS WASTES s HUMAN RIGHTS s INDIGENOUS PEOPLES s INFORMATION DISSEMINATION s JURISDICTIONS s LAND USE s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL STATUS s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATIVE POWER s MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK s MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORKS s MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS s MP s MULTILATERAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL LAW s NATIONAL LAWS s NATURAL RESOURCES s OIL s OZONE LAYER s PRODUCERS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROVINCIAL AUTHORITIES s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PROVINCIAL LEGISLATION s PROVINCIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC CONSULTATION s PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEARING s PUBLIC HEARINGS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY STANDARDS s REGULATORY AGENCY s REGULATORY DEVELOPMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REGULATORY LEGISLATION s REGULATORY MANAGEMENT s REGULATORY SYSTEMS s REPRESENTATIVES s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RISK FACTORS s SET OF RULES s SUBSIDIARY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WETLANDS English en_US The government of Argentina and the World Bank desire to improve the efficiency and results of the environmental and social outcomes of jointly financed development projects. As part of a workshop in November 2010 attended by officials of the Ministry of Economy and Public Finance of Argentina, World Bank staff, and representatives of implementing units of projects being co-financed by the Bank, several issues with regard to the implementation of the World Bank safeguard policies and the existing Argentine environmental and social management regulatory frameworks were identified. The workshop agreed to conduct a technical study of the regulatory consistency between the Bank safeguard policies and Argentina s environmental and social legislation to serve as a vehicle for dialogue between the Bank and the government of Argentina in order to strengthen joint strategies that address environmental and social issues in development projects. The technical study involved the following (and the corresponding report section): comparison between the principles of eight of the World Bank safeguard Operational Policies (OPs) and the national and provincial regulatory frameworks in force, using the framework for equivalence analysis contained in Bank OP 4.02 as a guideline for the assessment (section two); identification of some representative key issues or lessons learned related to the operational principles of Bank safeguard policies in Argentine projects based on the experience of the Argentine implementing units and the Bank (section three); development of strategies to move forward more effectively and efficiently in Bank-financed projects in Argentina related to environmental and social management and more broadly to non-Bank-financed projects and also projects in other countries (section four); synthesis or conclusions on opportunities to promote more effective and efficient environmental and social management in development projects (section five) 40 17-11-21 00:18:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869104 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21108 Volltext, Open Access

175972453X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972453X OCoLC 1255595059 WBOKR 21097 EBP 064565211 KEP 064565211 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21097 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Environmental Management in Bolivia Innovations and Opportunities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Bolivia Latin America & Caribbean s ACCESS TO SAFE WATER s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s ADEQUATE SANITATION s ADEQUATE WATER s ADEQUATE WATER SUPPLY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL USES s AIR POLLUTION s ARABLE LAND s BASIC SANITATION s BASIC WATER SUPPLY s BASINS s BENEFIT ANALYSIS s BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND s BOD s BOREHOLES s BROAD RANGE s CATCHMENT s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD MORTALITY RATE s CHLORINATING s CLEAN TECHNOLOGY s CLIMATE CHANGE s COD s COMPOSTING s COMPOSTING TOILETS s CONSUMPTION PATTERNS s CROP IRRIGATION s CUBIC METERS s DEFORESTATION s DISINFECTION s DOMESTIC WASTEWATER s DRAINAGE s DRAINAGE NETWORK s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS s ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES s ECONOMETRICS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EFFLUENTS s ENERGY RESOURCES s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY s ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS s ENVIRONMENTS s EXCRETA s EXCRETA DISPOSAL s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNALITIES s FERTILIZERS s FILTERS s FLUSH TOILETS s GARBAGE s GOLD MINING s HEAVY METALS s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTION s HOUSEHOLDS s INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s IRRIGATION s LAND USE s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s MERCURY s MERCURY POLLUTION s MINES s MINING OPERATIONS s MORTALITY RATE s MORTALITY RATES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUTRIENTS s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT s OXYGEN s PATHOGENS s PIT LATRINES s POLICY MAKERS s POLLUTION s POND s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION DISTRIBUTION s POPULATION GROWTH s POTABLE WATER s POTABLE WATER SUPPLY s PRESENT VALUE s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION PATTERNS s PRODUCTION PROCESS s PROTECTED AREAS s PROTECTED SPRINGS s QUALITY OF WATER s QUALITY WATER s RAINWATER s RESERVOIRS s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s RIVER CATCHMENTS s RIVERS s RUNOFF s SANITARY LANDFILLS s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION WATER s SANITATION WATER SUPPLY s SEDIMENTATION s SEPTIC TANK s SEPTIC TANKS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE FEE s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SMALL TOWNS s SOIL EROSION s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s STABILIZATION s STANDPIPES s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE USE s TREATED WASTEWATER s TREATMENT TECHNIQUES s TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES s URBAN AREAS s URBAN SANITATION s WASTE COLLECTION s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WASTE PRODUCTION s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER REUSE s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS s WATER CONTAMINATION s WATER POLLUTION s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SERVICE s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATERSHED MANAGEMENT s WATERSHEDS s WELLS s WETLANDS English en_US Pollution management is at the top of the development agenda of Bolivia, and this program helps address it in a cross-sectoral manner. In the context of the implementation of the program environmental management in Bolivia: innovations and opportunities which was conducted from September 2010 until October 2012, the World Bank has implemented a technical assistance program and supported a multisectoral analysis in order to help the Bolivian government improve environmental management in four specific areas: (a) water resource pollution by mining and mitigation of the pollution; (b) evaluation of potential wastewater reuse in agriculture with case studies from Cochabamba and Tarija; (c) improvement of waste management; and (d) evaluation of health benefits through adequate water supply and basic sanitation. The program s overall objective is to help strengthen environmental management in critical areas of the pollution management agenda. This report summarizes the outcomes of the pillar of the program on analytical services and is divided into five chapters: (1) improved water supply, sanitation, and hygiene: health impacts; (2) innovation in solid waste management: options for the future; (3) reuse of wastewater to mitigate water scarcity: case studies in Cochabamba and Tarija; (4) cooperative gold mining: dynamics and challenges in a rapidly growing sector; and (5) mining and water: the benefits of integrated water resource management at the watershed level. In every instance, the focus has been on identifying the windows of opportunity for policy action and investment in what is an often complex social and economic setting. The findings and recommendations carried out as part of the program have been consulted upon with a broad range of stakeholders in Bolivia through the series of workshops on each of the topics, and the recommendations presented in this report are limited to a range of options that are feasible and yet innovative in the current context, hence the reference in the title of this report to innovations and opportunities 40 17-11-21 00:18:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869112 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21097 Volltext, Open Access

1759724548

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724548 OCoLC 1255595003 WBOKR 21099 EBP 064565203 KEP 064565203 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21099 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Burundi Fiscal Decentralization and Local Governance Managing Trade-Offs to Promote Sustainable Reforms World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Burundi s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS s ACCOUNTING s ALLOCATION s AUTHORITY s BANKS s BASIC SERVICES s BUDGET EXPENDITURES s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGETARY PROCESS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s CENTRAL MINISTRIES s CENTRAL SPENDING s CENTRAL TRANSFERS s CITIZEN PARTICIPATION s CITIZENS s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COALITIONS s COMMUNAL DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNAL TAX s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT s CONSENSUS s CONSOLIDATION s CONSTITUTION s CORRUPTION s COST OF LIVING s COUNCILS s CURRENT EXPENDITURES s DEBT s DECENTRALIZATION FRAMEWORK s DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS s DECENTRALIZATION PROGRAM s DECENTRALIZATION REFORM s DECENTRALIZATION REFORMS s DECENTRALIZATION STRATEGY s DECISION-MAKING s DECISION-MAKING PROCESS s DECONCENTRATION s DECREE s DEMOCRACY s DEVOLUTION s DISTRICT s DIVISION OF RESPONSIBILITIES s EFFICIENCY OF SERVICE DELIVERY s ELECTED OFFICIALS s EMPLOYMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s EQUALIZATION s ETHNIC GROUPS s EXECUTION s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FINANCIAL AUTONOMY s FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL EXPENDITURES s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FISCAL REVENUE s FISCAL SPACE s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL TRANSFERS s FIXED COSTS s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE INDICATORS s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES s GOVERNMENT EFFORTS s GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GOVERNOR s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH CLINICS s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INFLATION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL REFORM s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFER s INTERMINISTERIAL COORDINATION s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LAWS s LEASEHOLDS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR DECENTRALIZATION s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATIVE PROCESS s LIBERATION s LOCAL ADMINISTRATIONS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL REVENUE s LOCAL TAX s LOCAL TAXES s MACROECONOMIC CONTEXT s MANDATES s MAYOR s MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MINISTRY OF INTERIOR s MUNICIPAL LEVEL s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL ELECTIONS s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL PLANNING s NATIONAL POLICY s NATIONAL PRIORITY s NATIONAL TERRITORY s NATIONS s NATURAL RESOURCES s OPERATING COSTS s PERFORMANCE EVALUATION s POLICY DOCUMENT s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY MAKERS s POLICY OBJECTIVES s POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS s POLITICAL CONTROL s POLITICAL CRISIS s POLITICAL DECENTRALIZATION s POLITICAL POWER s POLITICAL REFORMS s POLITICAL SURVIVAL s POLITICIANS s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s PRESIDENCY s PROPERTY TAXES s PROVINCE s PROVINCES s PROVINCIAL DEPARTMENTS s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PUBLIC AUTHORITIES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC REVENUE s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR SPECIALIST s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICES s REFERENDUM s REFORM AGENDA s REFORM PROCESS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REHABILITATION s REPRESENTATIVES s REVENUE AUTHORITY s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE SHARING s SECTORAL MINISTRIES s SENATE s SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SOCIAL SERVICES s STATE RESOURCES s SUBNATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL AUTHORITIES s SUBNATIONAL FINANCE s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUBSIDIARY s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BASE s TAX CODE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTOR s TAX COMPLIANCE s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX POLICY s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX SYSTEM s TAXABLE CAPACITY s TAXPAYERS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSPARENCY s UNCERTAINTY s VILLAGES s VOTING s WATER SUPPLY English en_US Despite the remarkable pr ... 40 17-11-21 00:18:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869120 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21099 Volltext, Open Access

1759724556

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724556 OCoLC 1255595060 WBOKR 21102 EBP 06456519X KEP 06456519X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21102 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Sovereign Wealth Funds in East Asia Timothy Gable VerfasserIn aut Mee Jung Kim VerfasserIn aut James Seward VerfasserIn aut Hiroshi Tsubota VerfasserIn aut Mustafa Ulukan VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia East Asia and Pacific s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARD s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ADVERSE EFFECTS s ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS s ASSET BASE s ASSET CLASS s ASSET CLASSES s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET-BACKED SECURITY s AUDIT COMMITTEE s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK MANAGEMENT s BANK OPERATIONS s BOND s BOND ISSUE s BROAD MONEY s BUDGET DEFICIT s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s CHECKS s COMMERCIAL INVESTMENT s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMON STOCK s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE DEBT s CORPORATE DEBT MARKET s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CURRENCY s CURRENCY CRISIS s CURRENCY EARNINGS s CURRENCY RISK s DEBT INSTRUMENTS s DEBT ISSUANCE s DEBT MARKET s DEBT OBLIGATIONS s DEBT SECURITIES s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS s DEGREE OF LIQUIDITY s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DIVERSIFIED PORTFOLIOS s DOMESTIC CURRENCIES s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBTS s DOMESTIC ECONOMIES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC POLICIES s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET DEBT s EMERGING MARKETS s ENFORCEABILITY s EQUITIES s EQUITY FUNDS s EXPORTERS s EXTERNAL ASSETS s EXTERNAL DEBTS s FEDERAL RESERVE s FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM s FIDUCIARY RESPONSIBILITIES s FIDUCIARY RESPONSIBILITY s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL RETURNS s FINANCIAL RISK s FINANCIAL SECURITIES s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED INCOME s FIXED INCOME PORTFOLIO s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY EXPOSURE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN GOVERNMENT s FUND MANAGEMENT s FUND MANAGERS s GLOBAL FINANCIAL STABILITY s GLOBAL PORTFOLIO s GLOBAL PORTFOLIOS s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENTS s HEDGE FUNDS s HOLDING s HOLDING COMPANIES s HOLDING COMPANY s HOLDINGS s HOME MARKET s HOME MARKETS s HOST COUNTRY s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME STREAMS s INFLATION s INFLATION INDEXES s INFLATION RATE s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIES s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES s INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT APPROACHES s INVESTMENT ASSETS s INVESTMENT CORPORATION s INVESTMENT CORPORATIONS s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT GUIDELINES s INVESTMENT HORIZON s INVESTMENT POLICIES s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS s INVESTMENT STRATEGIES s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s INVESTMENT VEHICLE s INVESTMENT VEHICLES s ISSUANCES s LABOR STANDARDS s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LIABILITY s LIQUIDITY s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s LOCAL MARKET s LONG-TERM DEBT s LONG-TERM INVESTMENT s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET PLAYERS s MARKET PRACTITIONER s MARKET SHARE s MARKET VALUE s MATURITY s MONETARY AUTHORITY s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONEY SUPPLY s MORTGAGES s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL SECURITY s NATURAL RESOURCE s OPERATIONAL INDEPENDENCE s OPPORTUNITY COST s PENSION s PENSION ASSETS s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSIONS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PORTFOLIOS s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRIVATE EQUITY s PRODUCTIVE INVESTMENT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC MARKETS s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC REGISTRY s RATE OF RETURN s REAL PROPERTY s RESERVE s RESERVE FUND s RESERVE FUNDS s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK PROFILE s SAVINGS s SECONDARY MARKET s SECONDARY MARKET LIQUIDITY s SECURITY PRICES s SEIGNIORAGE s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDER VALUE s SHAREHOLDERS s STRATEGIC INVESTORS s SUBORDINATED DEBT s SUPERVISORY BOARD s TAX s TRANCHE s TRANCHES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BONDS s TRUST FUND s VALUE OF ASSETS s WITHDRAWAL English en_US Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) have been in existence for many decades worldwide, however most SWFs in the East Asia and Pacific Region (EAP) are relatively new. The emergence of the SWFs in Asia is largely a by-product of the strong economic development at East Asian countries in the last two decades and the attendant accumulation of foreign exchange reserves. However, there are other types of SWFs in the region as well. The EAP region is an ideal region to take a look at the issues surrounding SWFs since Asia has the full range of funds from long-established funds to brand new funds; from passive portfolio investors to more aggressive strategic investors; from resource-backed funds to foreign reserve-backed funds; and, based in the largest, most highly developed economies to the smallest, poorest economies in Asia. Therefore, the objective of this report is to document the status of Sovereign Wealth Funds in the East Asia Region and to understand their governance structures. The report will also investigate how lack of standardized, long-term financial instruments devoted to emerging markets leads funds to leak out of the EAP region, an area with significant investment needs. It presents facts from publicly available sources on their size, institutional structure, and investment operations 40 17-11-21 00:18:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869139 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21102 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724564 OCoLC 1255595079 WBOKR 21101 EBP 064565181 KEP 064565181 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21101 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Strengthening Kazakhstan's Education Systems An Analysis of PISA 2009 and 2012 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s ABILITY OF STUDENTS s ACCESS TO PRESCHOOL s ACCESS TO PRESCHOOLS s ACCESS TO QUALITY EDUCATION s ACHIEVEMENT DISPARITIES s ADMISSION POLICIES s AGE GROUPS s ANALYTICAL SKILLS s ASSESSMENT SYSTEM s ASSESSMENT TOOLS s AVERAGE SCORE s BASIC READING s BETTER LEARNING s CERTIFIED TEACHERS s CHILD DEVELOPMENT s CLASSROOM s COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COLLEGES s COMPREHENSIVE EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT s COMPULSORY EDUCATION s CURRICULUM s DECISION MAKING s DEGREES s DISCIPLINES s DROPOUT RATE s DROPOUT RATES s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT s EARLY GRADES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION ECONOMICS s EDUCATION EXPENDITURES s EDUCATION OUTCOMES s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION REFORM s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION STUDENTS s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES s EDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE s EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH s EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES s EFFECTIVE LEARNING s ENTRANCE AGE s ETHNIC GROUPS s EXPENDITURES s FORMAL SCHOOLING s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER DISPARITY s GENDER GAP s GENERAL SECONDARY SCHOOLS s GIRLS s GRADUATE STUDIES s GRADUATION RATE s HIGH SCHOOL s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTES s HUMAN CAPITAL s INDEXES s INSTRUCTION s INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ASSESSMENT s KINDERGARTENS s LABOR MARKET PARTICIPATION s LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION s LANGUAGE POLICIES s LEARNING MATERIALS s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LEARNING STRATEGIES s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LITERACY s LITERATURE s LIVING STANDARDS s MATH SCORES s MATH SKILLS s MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS s MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS s MATHEMATICAL SKILLS s MATHEMATICS s MEASURING EDUCATION QUALITY s MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION s MOBILITY s MOTHER TONGUE s NATIONAL ASSESSMENTS s NUMERACY s NUTRITION s OLD STUDENTS s PARENTAL EDUCATION s PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES s PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS s PERFORMANCE IN MATH s PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS s PRESCHOOL EDUCATION s PRESCHOOL LEVEL s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY LEVEL s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRINCIPAL EFFECTIVENESS s PRINCIPALS s PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS s PROFICIENCY s PROVISION OF EDUCATION s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES ON EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF LIFE s QUALITY OF TEACHING s QUALITY PRESCHOOL s QUALITY PRESCHOOL EDUCATION s READERS s READING s READING ACHIEVEMENT s READING SKILLS s REASONING s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DISPARITIES s RURAL LOCATIONS s RURAL SCHOOLS s RURAL STUDENTS s SCHOOL AUTONOMY s SCHOOL DROPOUT s SCHOOL INSTRUCTION s SCHOOL LOCATION s SCHOOL POLICY s SCHOOL READINESS s SCHOOL SYSTEM s SCHOOL TYPES s SCHOOL-AGE s SCHOOL-AGE POPULATION s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SCIENCE LABORATORY EQUIPMENT s SCIENCE SCORES s SCIENCE STUDY s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SKILL ACQUISITION s SKILLS ACQUISITION s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s STUDENT ASSESSMENTS s STUDENT ENGAGEMENT s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT PROGRESS s STUDENT SCORES s STUDENT TEACHER RATIO s STUDENT-TEACHER RATIO s SUBJECTS s TEACHER s TEACHER EFFECTIVENESS s TEACHER SHORTAGE s TEACHERS s TEACHING QUALITY s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TEST SCORES s TEXTBOOKS s TYPES OF SCHOOLS s UNIVERSITIES s UPPER SECONDARY s UPPER SECONDARY EDUCATION s VISUAL RESOURCES s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS English en_US Kazakhstan's Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2012 performance improved markedly compared to 2009, and indicated a narrowing achievement gap among students. Math and science performance improvements equivalent to more than half a year of schooling were achieved. According to the OECD, 40 points in PISA is equivalent to what students learn in one year of schooling. The improvements reduced the gap with other countries in Europe and Central Asia (ECA) by almost half. Moreover, the performance improvements of the lowest achievers in 2009 and 2012 outpaced those of their higher achieving peers at a rate that compares favorably against OECD countries. However, performance on reading improved only marginally and overall reading achievement remained low, with some groups of students actually performing worse in 2012. Kazakhstan's PISA performance places it significantly behind other countries, especially in reading. Countries with income per capita levels similar to Kazakhstan's (namely Turkey and Russia) performed significantly better in math, science, and reading. Most importantly, Kazakh reading scores still lag about one year of schooling behind the ECA average and almost two years of schooling behind OECD. Public expenditures on education are lowest in Kazakhstan compared with other PISA 2012 participating countries, which likely hampers the country's ability to ensure effective learning for all. Any increase in public spending on education will have to be aligned with careful policy reform decision making, since resources alone do not guarantee attainment of desired education outcomes 40 17-11-21 00:18:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869147 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21101 Volltext, Open Access

1759724572

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724572 OCoLC 1255595033 WBOKR 21130 EBP 064565173 KEP 064565173 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21130 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Philippines Quarterly Update, September 2011 Solid Macroeconomic Fundamentals Cushion External Turmoil World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Manila 2011 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Philippines s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s ARBITRAGE s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK LENDING s BANKING SECTOR s BASIS POINTS s BENEFICIARIES s BOND s BOND SPREADS s BOND YIELDS s BONDS s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET CYCLE s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGETING s CAPITAL ACCUMULATION s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL OUTLAYS s CAPITAL TRANSFERS s CASH TRANSACTIONS s CASH TRANSFER s CDS s CENTRAL BANK s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s CREDIT DEFAULT s CREDIT DEFAULT SWAPS s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RATINGS s CREDIT RISK s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT CRISIS s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT OUTSTANDING s DEBT PAYMENT s DEFAULT RATING s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DISBURSEMENT s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC INVESTMENT s DOMESTIC LIQUIDITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTIES s EDUCATION SERVICES s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY CONSIDERATIONS s EQUITY INDEX s EQUITY MARKETS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE PROGRAM s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FINANCIAL ACCOUNT s FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE s FINANCIAL CONDITIONS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SHOCKS s FINANCIAL VARIABLES s FISCAL AUTONOMY s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL POSITION s FIXED CAPITAL s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS s FOREIGN FINANCIAL SERVICE s FOREIGN FUNDS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN LOANS s FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN RESERVES s FOREIGN TRADE s GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL MARKETS s GLOBAL TRADE s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH WORKERS s HIGHER GOVERNMENT SPENDING s HOME MORTGAGE s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT SPENDING s INVESTMENTS IN EQUITIES s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LABOR MARKET s LEASE AGREEMENTS s LIABILITY s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL BANKS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LONG-TERM LOANS s LONG-TERM OBLIGATIONS s MATURITY s MICROENTERPRISES s MONETARY POLICY s MUTUAL FUND s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL DEFENSE s NATIONAL EXPENDITURE s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL STATISTICS s NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE s NEGATIVE SHOCKS s NET CAPITAL s OIL PRICES s OPEN ECONOMY s POLITICAL STABILITY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INFLOWS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE INDICES s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE EFFICIENCY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC WORKS s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s RESERVE s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK AVERSION s RULE OF LAW s SAFETY NET s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOVEREIGN BOND s SOVEREIGN DEBT s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BASE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX EFFORT s TAX POLICIES s TAX POLICY s TAX SYSTEM s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL SPENDING s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRANCHE s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILL RATES s UNCERTAINTY s WARRANTS s YIELD CURVE English The Philippines Quarterly Update provides an update on key economic developments and policies over the past three months. It also presents findings from recent World Bank work on the Philippines. As of September 2011 due to sluggish exports and government spending, economic growth was lower than expected. The Philippine economy continued to decelerate during the first half of 2011 as investment and exports contracted. Private consumption growth remained robust, rising by 5.4 percent in the first half of 2011 and contributing 3.6 percentage points to GDP growth in Q2 2011. A contraction in construction spending slowed down growth of fixed capital formation. On the supply side, the resilient services sector was the main source of growth. The Philippines' external position and macroeconomic fundamentals remain strong. Monetary policy remains accommodating, while the fiscal deficit is likely to fall below target. After a strong rebound in 2010, economic growth in 2011 is likely to remain around 5 percent with downside risks. The challenge for policymakers is to ensure that the Philippines continues to improve its competitiveness, while cushioning the economy from adverse external shocks 40 17-11-21 00:18:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869155 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21130 Volltext, Open Access

1759724580

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724580 OCoLC 1255594776 WBOKR 21103 EBP 064565165 KEP 064565165 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21103 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic - The Garment Sector Impact of Joining the Customs Union and Options to Increase Competitiveness World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s ACCESS TO CAPITAL s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGY s ADVISORY SERVICES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURE s BANK CREDIT s BENCHMARK s BENCHMARKING s BENCHMARKS s BRAND s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS INDICATORS s BUSINESS OPERATIONS s BUSINESSES s CAPABILITIES s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CERTIFICATES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPETITIVENESS INDEX s CONSUMER MARKETS s CONSUMERS s CORRUPTION s CUSTOMER SEGMENTS s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS CLEARANCE s CUSTOMS CLEARANCES s CUSTOMS UNION s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC MARKET s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC EFFECT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYERS s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s ENTERPRISE SURVEYS s ENTREPRENEURS s EQUIPMENT s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT PROMOTION s EXPORT PROMOTION AGENCIES s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FINANCES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DISTRESS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN INPUTS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN TRADE s FOREIGN TRADE POLICY s GDP s GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s HIGH INTEREST RATES s IMPORT DATA s IMPORTS s INCOME LEVELS s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INNOVATION s INNOVATION POLICY s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s ITC s LABOR MARKET s LACK OF ACCESS s LICENSES s LIMITED ACCESS s LIMITED ACCESS TO FINANCE s LOAN PROGRAM s MANUFACTURING s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DEMAND s MARKET FAILURES s MARKET FORCES s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET POWER s MARKET SEGMENTS s MARKETING s MATERIAL s MERCHANDISE s NETWORKS s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s NEW TECHNOLOGY s NICHE MARKET s NICHE MARKETS s PERFORMANCES s POOR ACCESS s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION PROCESSES s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s RECESSION s REMITTANCES s RESULT s RESULTS s RETAIL s REVOLVING LOAN s SALES s SKILLED LABOR s SOCIAL NETWORKS s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAINS s TARIFF LINES s TARIFF SCHEDULES s TAX SYSTEM s TAX TREATMENT s TECHNICAL EXPERTISE s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TOTAL COSTS s TOURISM s TRADE DATA s TRADE INDICATORS s TRADE POLICY s TRADE PROMOTION s TRADE REGIME s TRADE REGULATIONS s UNION s USER s VALUE ADDED s VALUE CHAIN s VALUE CHAINS s WAGE RATES s WAGES s WORKING CAPITAL s WORLD TRADE s WTO English en_US This note analyzes the impact that joining the Eurasian Customs Union will have on the Kyrgyz Republic s garment sector and options for improving the sector s competitiveness. The paper finds that joining the Eurasian Customs Union will lead to higher prices for the textiles and cloth used in garment production. This will increase the cost of producing garments in the Kyrgyz Republic and will more than likely place downward pressure on exports from the Kyrgyz Republic, which will induce firms, particularly less competitive ones, to exit from the garment sector. To offset the increase in cost from higher tariffs, it is recommended that the Kyrgyz Government aims to increase productivity by lifting the constraints that reduce the sector s competitiveness. This can be done through interventions to increase the use of new technology, improve knowledge of consumer markets, and strengthen skills and education. This paper discusses these issues in four parts. The first provides an economic context for the discussion (Section I), which is followed by a discussion of the development of the garment sector and its importance for the economy (Section II). The paper then assesses the impact that joining the Customs Union (Section III) will have on production costs in the garment sector. Section IV describes the constraints the sector s competitiveness and possible interventions to lift these constraints 40 17-11-21 00:18:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869163 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21103 Volltext, Open Access

1759724599

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724599 OCoLC 1255594975 WBOKR 21105 EBP 064565157 KEP 064565157 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21105 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO ICT Sector Policy Note for Panama Enabling Inclusive Development through Information and Communications Technologies World Bank VerfasserIn aut 1 Online-Ressource Panama s 3G s ACCESS TO COMPUTERS s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO INTERNET s ACTION PLAN s ADSL s BACKBONE s BANDWIDTH s BANDWIDTHS s BASIC s BROADBAND s BROADBAND CONNECTION s BROADBAND CONNECTIONS s BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY s BROADBAND TRANSMISSION s BUSINESS MODEL s BUSINESS PROCESS s BUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCING s CABLE MODEM s CABLE TELEVISION s CAPABILITY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CELL PHONE s CELL PHONES s CERTIFICATE s CITIES s CODING s COLLABORATION s COMMERCE s COMMUNICATION SERVICES s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMMUNITIES s COMPETITIVE PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPONENTS s COMPUTER SYSTEMS s COMPUTERS s COMPUTING s CONNECTION SPEED s CONNECTION SPEEDS s CONNECTIVITY s CONNECTIVITY INFRASTRUCTURE s CONTENT CREATION s COPYING s COPYRIGHT s CUSTOMER SERVICE s DATA PRIVACY s DEVICES s DIGITAL s DNS s DOMAIN s DOMAIN NAME s DSL s E-MAIL s EBANKING s ECOMMERCE s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EGOVERNMENT s EGOVERNMENT INITIATIVES s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY INFRASTRUCTURE s ELECTRONIC COMMERCE s ELECTRONIC FILING s ELECTRONIC PAYMENT s ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE s ELECTRONIC TOOLS s ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s END USER s END USERS s EPAYMENT s EQUIPMENT s ESERVICES s ETRANSFORMATION s FAIR COMPETITION s FIBER OPTICS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FIREWALLS s FREE SOFTWARE s FUNCTIONALITIES s G2G s GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS s GOVERNMENT OFFICES s GOVERNMENT SERVICES s GRAPHICS s HUMAN CAPACITY s HUMAN RESOURCES s ICT s IMPLEMENTATION OF E-GOVERNMENT s IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS s INFORMATICS s INFORMATION ACCESS s INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE s INFORMATION SOCIETY s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INNOVATION s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS s INTERNET ACCESS s INTERNET BANDWIDTH s INTERNET NETWORKS s INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS s INTERNET SERVICES s INTEROPERABILITY s IP s IP TELEPHONY s ISP s ISPS s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s LAN s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATIVE REFORMS s LICENSE s LICENSES s LITERACY s LITERACY RATES s MANUFACTURING s MARKET COMPETITION s MARKET SHARE s MATERIAL s MESSAGING s MOBILE NETWORK s MOBILE NETWORKS s MOBILE SERVICES s MOBILE TELEPHONY s MONITORS s NETWORK DEPLOYMENT s NETWORK SERVICE s NETWORKS s ONLINE BANKING s ONLINE FORMS s ONLINE PAYMENT s ONLINE SERVICES s ONLINE TRANSACTIONS s OPEN ACCESS s OPERATING SYSTEM s OUTSOURCING s PAYPHONES s PEER-TO-PEER s PENETRATION RATE s PERSONAL COMMUNICATION s PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS s PERSONAL DATA s PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION s PERSONAL INFORMATION s PHONE NUMBERS s PHONES s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTORS s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS s PUBLIC NETWORK s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUERIES s REAL TIME s REGISTRY s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESULT s RESULTS s ROBOTICS s RURAL ACCESS s SAN s SATELLITE s SATELLITE CONNECTIONS s SCIENTISTS s SECURE AUTHENTICATION s SENSITIVE INFORMATION s SERVERS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SITES s SMART PHONES s SPAMMING s SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT s SUBMARINE CABLES s TECHNICAL EXPERTS s TECHNICAL MEASURES s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TECHNICIANS s TELECOM s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES s TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS s TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR s TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES s TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY s TELECOMMUNICATIONS OPERATORS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECTOR s TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES s TELEGEOGRAPHY s TELEPHONE s TELEPHONE NETWORK s TELEPHONES s TELEPHONY s TERMINALS s TERRESTRIAL NETWORK s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRANSMISSION s UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS s UNIVERSAL ACCESS s UNIVERSAL SERVICE s USER s USERS s USES s VIDEO s VOICE TELEPHONY s WEB s WEBSITE s WEBSITES s WIFI s WIRELESS s WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS English en_US The Government of Panama and the private sector recognize the importance of information and communications technology (ICT) as an enabler of national development. This ICT sector policy note seeks to identify opportunities and challenges for growth of the ICT sector in Panama, particularly on rural access to broadband services and on cybersecurity, and potential for spillover impacts across other sectors. It provides a brief overview of the ICT sector in Panama and outlines a series of strategic actions and recommendations aimed at leveraging ICT as an engine of growth by targeting connectivity infrastructure, policies, regulation, e-Services, public data, and skills. The report is organized as follows: section one presents ICT sector in the economy. Section two deals with offer for connectivity. Section three presents demand. Section four describes the sector status from the cybersecurity point of view. Based on these analyses, section five identifies challenges that are hindering the growth of the industry, and section six presents policy options to overcome them. Finally, the World Bank describes the ways it can support those policy options in section seven and presents a set of joint activities in section eight 40 17-11-21 00:18:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869171 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21105 Volltext, Open Access

1759724602

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724602 OCoLC 1255595041 WBOKR 21107 EBP 064565149 KEP 064565149 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21107 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Paraguay Strengthening Tax Administration and SOE Corporate Governance World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Paraguay s ACCOUNTABILITY s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s ARREARS s AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s AUDITS s BANK OPERATIONS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s CAPACITY BUILDING s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORKS s DEBT s DEBT CONSOLIDATION s DECISION-MAKING s DECREES s DIVIDENDS s ELECTRICITY s EXPENDITURE s FINANCIAL AUTONOMY s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s INCOME s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME TAX s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTRUMENT s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LICENSES s LOAN s MINISTERS s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s OUTPUT s OUTPUTS s OUTSTANDING DEBT s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME TAX s PROGRESSIVE TAX s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC WORKS s REGRESSIVE TAX s REGRESSIVE TAXES s REGULATORY BODIES s REGULATORY BODY s REGULATORY MEASURES s REPRESENTATIVES s RETURNS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL EXPENDITURE s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX AUDITS s TAX BASE s TAX BURDEN s TAX COLLECTION s TAX EVASION s TAX OBLIGATIONS s TAX POLICY s TAX REFORM s TAX REFUNDS s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX SYSTEM s TAXATION s TAXPAYER SERVICES s TAXPAYERS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRANSPARENCY English en_US This document describes the activities carried out and results achieved under the strengthening tax administration and state-owned enterprises (SOE) corporate governance non - lending technical assistance (NLTA). The objectives of this NLTA are: (i) to contribute to protect sources of value added tax (VAT) revenue through enhanced control and management of tax refund claims and cross cutting strategic management support, and (ii) to contribute to improve corporate governance of SOEs for more efficient and transparent public enterprises. Activities under the NLTA were carried out primarily in FY2014. The document is divided into three parts: (i) introduction, (ii) components, activities, and results, and (iii) lessons learned 40 17-11-21 00:18:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986918X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21107 Volltext, Open Access

1759724610

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724610 OCoLC 1255595092 WBOKR 21110 EBP 064565130 KEP 064565130 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21110 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Taking Stock, December 2014 An Update on Vietnam's Recent Economic Developments World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ACCOUNTING s ASSET MANAGEMENT s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK BALANCE SHEETS s BANK DEBT s BANK DEPOSITS s BANKING ASSETS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR REFORMS s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BENCHMARK YIELD s BENCHMARK YIELD CURVE s BID s BLUE CHIPS s BOND s BOND FUNDS s BOND MARKET s BOND MARKET DEVELOPMENT s BUDGET DEFICIT s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CDS s CENTRAL BANKS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBT s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICES s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE BOND MARKET s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s COUPON s CREDIT DECISIONS s CREDIT DEFAULT s CREDIT DEFAULT SWAP s CREDIT EXPANSION s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT QUALITY s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT RATIO s DEBT REDUCTION s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT-SERVICE s DEBTS s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DOMESTIC BANKING s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC DEBT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s EQUIPMENT s EQUITIES s EQUITY MARKET s EQUITY MARKET CAPITALIZATION s EQUITY MARKETS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCES s FINANCIAL DISTRESS s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED INCOME s FIXED INCOME MARKET s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN HOLDINGS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BOND MARKET s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT MARKET s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDING s INCOME SECURITIES s INCOME TAX s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY EXPECTATIONS s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMATION DISCLOSURE s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT RATE s INVESTOR BASE s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s IPO s ISSUANCE s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEVELS OF COLLATERAL s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY POSITIONS s LOAN s LOAN CLASSIFICATION s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LONG-TERM FINANCE s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC RISKS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC VOLATILITY s MARKET CONFIDENCE s MARKET DEPTH s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET PRICE s MARKET STABILITY s MATURITY s MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MUTUAL FUND s MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY s MUTUAL FUNDS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PERSONAL INCOME s POLICY RESPONSES s POLITICAL STABILITY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO PERFORMANCE s PRICE DISCOVERY s PRIMARY DEALER s PRIMARY DEALER SYSTEM s PRIMARY MARKET s PRIMARY MARKETS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROVISIONING RULES s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC MARKET s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s RETAIL INVESTORS s RETURN s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS INSTRUMENTS s SAVINGS RATIO s SECONDARY MARKET s SECONDARY MARKETS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKETS s SOLVENCY s SOVEREIGN DEBTS s SOVEREIGN RATINGS s SOVEREIGN RISK s SOVEREIGN RISKS s STATE BANK s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKETS s STRATEGIC INVESTORS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURIES s TREASURY s TREASURY BONDS s TREATY s TURNOVER English en_US The global economy is showing signs of recovery, but at an uneven pace; global growth is expected to rise modestly to 2.6 percent in 2014, and an average 3.3 percent in 2015-17. The gradual strengthening of activity in the Euro Area and especially the US will boost demand for exports from developing East Asia and Pacific (EAP), helping the region sustain its growth performance. There are early signs of firming up of economic recovery in Vietnam. GDP growth picked up to a relatively brisk 6.2 percent (y-o-y) in the third quarter of 2014, contributing to an overall growth rate of 5.6 percent for the first nine months of the year. Credit growth continues to come in below target, hampering the State Bank of Vietnam's efforts to carry out credit expansion to support economic growth. The Government has taken some important measures in 2014 to improve business conditions, which are expected to bear fruit from 2015 onward. The Government issued Resolution 19 (March 18, 2014), which prioritizes shortening the time for processing and completion of administrative procedures, reducing administrative costs, and strengthening transparency and accountability of state administrative agencies. The Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) provides a comprehensive framework to identify financial system vulnerabilities and develop appropriate policy responses. Recognizing its importance, in July 2012 the Government of Vietnam invited the World Bank and the IMF to initiate an FSAP for Vietnam. In recent years the Vietnamese economy had shown signs of corporate and financial distress, and slowdown in GDP growth. In response to this, the government announced a comprehensive reform program designed to address the problems faced by the financial and corporate sectors. The FSAP provides a broad set of policy recommendations that can be used to operationalize the SEDP and the banking restructuring program. The recommendations include recapitalization plans, the workout of NPLs, regulatory and other reforms, and the temporary extension of the safety net 40 17-11-21 00:18:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869198 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21110 Volltext, Open Access

1759724629

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724629 OCoLC 1255595004 WBOKR 21111 EBP 064565122 KEP 064565122 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21111 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Technical Assessment of Open Data Platforms for National Statistical Organisations World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource s ACADEMIC PUBLISHING s ACADEMIC RESEARCH s ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS s ADVANCED SEARCH s API s APPLICATION PROGRAMMING s APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACE s ARCHIVES s ARTICLE s ARTICLES s ATTRIBUTES s AUTHENTICATION s AVAILABILITY OF DATA s BASIC s BEST PRACTICE s BEST PRACTICES s BEST-PRACTICE s BLOG s BOOKMARKS s BOUNDARIES s BROWSER s BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE s BUSINESS MODELS s BUSINESSES s CAPABILITIES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CATALOG s CATALOGING s CATALOGUE s CATALOGUES s CATALOGUING s CITATION s CLASSIFICATION s CODES s COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE s COMPUTER SYSTEMS s COMPUTERS s CONFIDENTIALITY s CONTENT MANAGEMENT s CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s CONTENT TYPE s CONTENTS s COPYRIGHT s CSS s CUSTOM s DATA ACCESS s DATA ANALYSIS s DATA COLLECTION s DATA CONVERSION s DATA DISTRIBUTION s DATA FORMATS s DATA MANAGEMENT s DATA POLICIES s DATA PROVIDERS s DATA SOURCES s DATA STORAGE s DATA STRUCTURE s DATA STRUCTURES s DATA SYSTEMS s DATA TRANSFORMATION s DATA TRANSFORMATIONS s DATABASE MANAGEMENT s DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s DATABASE SYSTEM s DATABASE SYSTEMS s DATUM s DESCRIPTION s DESCRIPTIONS s DIGEST s DIGITAL s DISCOVERY s DISCUSSION s DOCUMENTS s DOMAIN s DOMAINS s E-MAIL s ELECTRONIC DATA s ELECTRONIC FORMATS s END-USERS s ENTRY s EXPERIMENTATION s EXPLORATION s EXTENSIBILITY s EXTENSIBLE MARKUP LANGUAGE s EXTRACTING s FAQ s FILE FORMAT s FILE FORMATS s FREE SOFTWARE s FREEWARE s FULL TEXT s FUNCTIONALITIES s FUNCTIONALITY s GENERAL POPULATION s GENERAL PUBLIC s GOVERNMENT OFFICES s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE s HIERARCHIES s IMAGE s IMPLEMENTATIONS s INDEXES s INDICES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INTEGRATED SOFTWARE s INTEGRATION s INTERFACE s INTERFACES s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTEROPERABILITY s JAVA s KNOWLEDGE BASE s KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT s KNOWLEDGE RESOURCES s LEADING s LEARNING s LIBRARIES s LICENSE s LICENSE FEE s LICENSES s LINUX s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MARKUP s MATERIAL s MEDIA s METADATA s MIDDLEWARE s MOBILE PHONES s NEW MARKETS s NOTATION s OBJECT s OBJECTS s ONLINE SERVICES s ONLINE SYSTEMS s ONTOLOGIES s ONTOLOGY s OPEN ACCESS s OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE s OPEN SOURCE SOLUTION s OPEN STANDARD s PC s PDF s PORTALS s PRIVACY s PRIVACY ISSUES s PRIVACY PROTECTIONS s PROCESS MANAGEMENT s PRODUCT INFORMATION s PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE s PROPRIETARY SOFTWARE s PROPRIETARY SYSTEMS s PROTOCOL s PUBLISHING s QUERIES s QUERY s QUERY LANGUAGE s QUERY LANGUAGES s RAW DATA s RDF s READING s REGISTERS s RELATIONAL DATABASE s RELATIONAL DATABASES s REPOSITORIES s REPOSITORY s RESEARCHER s RESEARCHERS s RESOURCE DESCRIPTION FRAMEWORK s RESOURCE IDENTIFIERS s RESULT s RSS s SEARCH s SEARCH BOX s SEARCH ENGINE s SEARCH RESULT s SEARCH RESULTS s SEARCH TERMS s SEARCHING s SERVER s SERVERS s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SITES s SOFTWARE COMPONENTS s SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS s SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT s SOFTWARE LIBRARY s SOFTWARE PACKAGES s SOFTWARE PRODUCTS s SOFTWARE SERVICE s SOFTWARE SERVICES s SOFTWARE SUITE s SOFTWARE SYSTEM s SOFTWARE SYSTEMS s SPREADSHEETS s STANDARD PROTOCOL s STORYTELLING s SYMBOLS s TAXONOMIES s TECHNICAL ISSUES s TELEPHONE s UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATORS s URL s USER s USER INTERFACE s USERS s USES s VARIETY s VENDOR s VENDORS s VOCABULARIES s VOCABULARY s WEB s WEB PAGES s WEB RESOURCES s WEB SERVICES s WEBSITE s WEBSITES s WORLD WIDE WEB s WORLD WIDE WEB CONSORTIUM s XML English en_US The term quot;open dataquot; is generally understood to be data that are made available to the public free of charge, without registration or restrictive licenses, for any purpose whatsoever (including commercial purposes), in electronic, machine-readable formats that ensure data are easy to find, download and use. National Statistics Offices (NSOs) have the potential to play a pivotal role in the implementation of open data initiatives. As producers and curators of data, the objective of making high quality data more accessible and usable is consistent with their guiding principles. NSOs indicate, in research conducted in support of this report, that one of the difficulties they encounter is that the technology they use to publish - or electronically distribute - data for public use is not compatible with open formats. They also indicate that common software packages used for open data portals do not accommodate the data formats and metadata they produce. Two key concerns related to data dissemination products are addresses: (1) Can such products designed primarily for NSOs satisfy requirements for an open data initiative?; and (2) Can such products designed primarily for open data satisfy the requirements of NSOs? Furthermore, data reuse, both by data experts and the public at large, is key to creating new opportunities and benefits from government data. The following recommendations are made to improve the overall utility of data publication platforms to NSOs and the open data community: improve technical documentation; ensure public Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and endpoints are interoperable; presentation of metadata and Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) must conform to W3C standards; natural language search and metadata faceting should be standard; structural metadata and hypercube support are core NSO requirements; dashboards and visualisations are necessary for user engagement; and develop data engagement tools for improving data-quality and reuse 40 17-11-21 00:18:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869201 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21111 Volltext, Open Access

1759724637

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724637 OCoLC 1255595081 WBOKR 21112 EBP 064565114 KEP 064565114 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21112 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Review of the Actuarial Forecasts of the Proposed Contributory Social Security Regime in Timor-Leste World Bank VerfasserIn aut Jakarta 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Timor-Leste s ACCRUAL RATE s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s BANK OFFICE s BANKRUPTCY s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BENEFIT PAYMENT s BENEFIT PAYMENTS s CASH FLOWS s CHILD SUPPORT s CITIZEN s CITIZENS s CONTRIBUTION COLLECTION s CONTRIBUTION RATE s CONTRIBUTION RATES s CORRUPTION s COST ESTIMATES s DEFINED BENEFIT s DEFINED BENEFIT PLAN s DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DEPENDENCY RATIOS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISABILITY s DISABLED s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMPLOYERS s EXPENDITURES s FAMILIES s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATES s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FRAUD s FULL DISCLOSURE s INFLATION s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LARGE FAMILIES s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LONG-TERM COST s LONG-TERM COSTS s MATURITY s MINIMUM BENEFIT s MORAL HAZARD s MORTALITY s OLD AGE s PAYROLL COSTS s PENSION s PENSION BENEFITS s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUND ASSETS s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION PROGRAMS s PENSION SCHEME s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONABLE EARNINGS s PENSIONERS s PENSIONS s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POPULATION PROJECTIONS s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE PENSION FUNDS s RATE OF RETURN s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s RESERVES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT AGE s RETIREMENT BENEFITS s RETIREMENTS s SANITATION s SEX s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEMS s SOCIAL PENSION s SOCIAL PENSIONS s SOCIAL POLICY s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM s SPOUSE s TAX s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VALUATION s VALUATIONS s WILL s WIVES s YOUNG AGE s YOUNG CHILDREN English en_US This report briefly summarizes the results for the analysis of the design, financing and administrative processes for a national social security system covering all salaried workers in Timor-Leste, including analysis of the actuarial report (ACL Report) prepared for the Directorate General of Social Security by its consultant. The report is divided into seven sections: (i) Scope of Work; (ii) ACL Report Assumptions and Methods Comment; (iii) ACL Plan Design Comments; (iv) PROST Analysis: ACL Report Design, Assumptions and Methods; (v) PROST Analysis: ACL Report Design, Bank Assumptions and Methods; (vi) Social Security Pension Fund Establishment; and (vii) Conclusion. In the final analysis it was determined that the ACL report does not meet international standards for actuarial reports for national social insurance systems. Furthermore it misrepresents the long-term costs of the proposed Timor-Leste national social security system by using non-standard assumptions and methods and an unusually short analysis period. It is suggested that the government of Timor-Leste carefully consider all aspects of design and funding before adopting the new system, as the decisions made will have very significant macroeconomic, labor market, budget, and social policy implications for the country for decades to come 40 17-11-21 00:18:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986921X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21112 Volltext, Open Access

1759724645

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724645 OCoLC 1255594957 WBOKR 21126 EBP 064565106 KEP 064565106 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21126 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Analysis for the Temporary Social Security Regime Regarding Old Age, Disability and Death for State Workers in Timor-Leste World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Timor-Leste s ACCOUNTING s BANK OFFICE s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BENEFIT FORMULA s BENEFIT PAYMENT s BENEFIT PAYMENTS s BUDGETING s CAPITAL MARKETS s CIVIL SERVANT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE PENSION s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTRIBUTION RATE s CONTRIBUTION RATES s DECENTRALIZATION s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DEPENDENCY RATIOS s DISABILITIES s DISABILITY s DISABILITY PENSION s DISABILITY PENSIONS s DISABILITY RETIREMENT s DISABILITY RETIREMENTS s DIVIDEND s ECONOMIC BENEFITS s ELDERLY s FEMALE s FEMALES s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATE s FERTILITY RATES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FUNDED BASIS s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INDEXED CAREER s INDEXED CAREER AVERAGE s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION RATES s INFORMAL SECTOR s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT INCOME s LAWS s LEGAL ENVIRONMENT s LEGISLATION s LIFE EXPECTANCIES s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LOCAL CAPITAL MARKETS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LONG-TERM COST s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES s MANDATORY RETIREMENT s MINIMUM PERIOD s MORTALITY s NATIONAL PENSION s NORMAL RETIREMENT AGE s NUMBER OF BENEFICIARIES s OFFICIAL GAZETTE s OUTPUT s PAYOUT PERIOD s PENSION s PENSION AGE s PENSION BENEFIT s PENSION BENEFITS s PENSION EXPENDITURES s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUND ASSETS s PENSION LAW s PENSION PAYMENTS s PENSION PLAN s PENSION PROGRAM s PENSION PROGRAMS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SCHEME s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONER s PENSIONERS s PUBLIC SERVICES s REAL GROWTH RATE s RETIREES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT AGE s RETIREMENT AGES s RETIREMENT PLANNING s RETIREMENTS s SEX s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM s SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEMS s VALUATION s WAGE GROWTH s WAGE INDEXING s WILL English en_US This report was prepared by the World Bank at the request of the Government of Timor-Leste, and is used to assist the government with short-term budgeting and understanding the long-term dynamics of its new pension program. It summarizes findings regarding the financial and actuarial status of Timor-Leste's pension program for civil servants, the quot;Temporary Social Security Regime Regarding Old Age, Disability and Death for State Workers.quot; Timor-Leste is expecting rapid population growth over the next 75 years. The growth of the population, decentralization, and the expected transition to a middle-income country will drive the need for a growing number of future civil servants. Section I briefly summarizes the legal environment and the provisions of the pension program for civil servants. Section II summarizes the results of the analysis and estimates the cost of the program on a pay-as-you-go basis with payments from the budget, and on a funded basis with contributions as a percent of payroll. Section III discusses the sources of the input data and the methods used to prepare the data for use in this valuation. Section IV summarizes the macroeconomic and demographic assumptions used to prepare this valuation report. Section V comments on some of the non-standard design features of the pension program. Finally, Section VI summarizes the team's findings and discusses the next steps required in the implementation of the civil service pension program 40 17-11-21 00:18:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869228 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21126 Volltext, Open Access

1759724653

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724653 OCoLC 1255595086 WBOKR 21118 EBP 064565092 KEP 064565092 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21118 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Assessment of Health Financing Options Papua New Guinea World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Papua New Guinea s ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE s ADDITIONAL RESOURCES s DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS s FINANCIAL RISK s HEALTH s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTHCARE INEQUITIES s INSURANCE-BASED FINANCING s INVESTMENTS s REVENUE SPENDING s SERVICE RATES English en_US Papua New Guinea s (PNG) health system is characterized by low health inputs per capita, low health service contact rates and significant inequities in health care use. Health spending relative to GNI per capital and as a revenue share of GDP is low. Government spending as a share of total health expenditure is, however, high and the financing system is dependent on a number of complex interactions between a number of agencies, both at the national and subnational level. Anecdotal evidence suggests that out-of-pocket (OOP) spending is minimal. The current system of health financing has not delivered improved health outcomes; in fact health outcomes in PNG have been stagnant in recent decades. PNG is not on track to meet any of the health-related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Significant investment in the heath sector is needed to address the decline, meet current demographic trends and address inefficiencies and inequities. These additional resource requirements will have to be met while maintaining the high levels of financial risk protection and relatively equitable access to health care. The additional resource requirements will have to be financed in a sustainable manner. This report examines three broad health financing options in PNG: (i) increasing the level of general revenue spending; (ii) introducing contributory, insurance-based health financing arrangements; and (iii) mobilizing additional resources through efficiency savings in the sector. The three options are not mutually exclusive 40 17-11-21 00:18:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869236 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21118 Volltext, Open Access

1759724661

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724661 OCoLC 1255594958 WBOKR 21120 EBP 064565084 KEP 064565084 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21120 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Creation of a Reformed Pension System for Civil Servants in Timor-Leste World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Timor-Leste s ACCOUNTING s ACCRUAL RATE s BANKRUPTCY s BENEFICIARY s BENEFIT FORMULA s BENEFIT FORMULAS s BENEFIT LEVELS s BENEFIT PAYMENT s BENEFIT PAYMENTS s BREADWINNER s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH TRANSFER s CIVIL SERVANT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE PENSION s CIVIL SERVICE PENSIONS s CIVIL WAR s COMPENSATION s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTRIBUTION RATE s CONTRIBUTION RATES s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFINED BENEFIT s DEFINED BENEFIT PLAN s DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS s DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PENSION s DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PLAN s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISABILITIES s DISABILITY s DISABILITY PENSION s DISABILITY PENSIONS s DISABILITY RETIREMENT s DIVIDEND s EARLY RETIREMENT PROGRAM s ECONOMIC CRISES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELDERLY s EXPENDITURE s FAMILIES s FEMALE s FEMALES s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATE s FERTILITY RATES s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FUNDED BASIS s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEALTH CARE s HOME s HUSBANDS s INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION RATES s INFORMAL SECTOR s INITIAL RETIREMENT AGE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT INCOME s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR LAW s LAWS s LAYOFFS s LEGAL RIGHTS s LEGISLATION s LIABILITY s LIFE ANNUITY s LIFE EXPECTANCIES s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIFE INSURANCE s LIVING STANDARD s LOCAL CAPITAL MARKETS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LONG-TERM PROJECTIONS s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES s MANDATORY RETIREMENT s MARRIAGES s MORTALITY s NATIONAL PENSION s NATURAL DISASTERS s NOTIONAL ACCOUNTS s NUMBER OF BENEFICIARIES s OLD AGE SUPPORT s OUTPUT s OUTPUTS s PENSION s PENSION AGE s PENSION BENEFIT s PENSION BENEFITS s PENSION EXPENDITURES s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUND ASSETS s PENSION LAW s PENSION PAYMENTS s PENSION PLAN s PENSION PLANS s PENSION PROGRAM s PENSION PROGRAMS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SCHEME s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEM REFORM s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONABLE EARNINGS s PENSIONERS s PENSIONS s PROVIDENT FUND s PURCHASING POWER s RATE OF RETURN s REAL GROWTH RATE s REPLACEMENT RATES s RETIREES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT ACCOUNT s RETIREMENT AGE s RETIREMENT AGES s RETIREMENT BENEFIT s RETIREMENT BENEFITS s RETIREMENT PLANNING s RETIREMENTS s SAVINGS s SEX s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEMS s SOCIAL PENSIONS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS s SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM s SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEMS s SUPPLEMENTAL BENEFITS s SURVIVOR PENSION s SURVIVOR PENSIONS s WAGE GROWTH s WAGE INDEXING s WIDOWS s WILL s WITHDRAWAL s WORKER CONTRIBUTIONS English en_US In February 2011, the government of Timor-Leste (GoTL) enacted a law creating a pension system for civil servants. However, the government now wants to repeal and replace this pension law as it deems it too broad in scope, coverage and cost, and it contains several non-standard design features. In its place, the GoTL wants to consider creating a reformed permanent civil service pension program covering all civil servants. Within a few years thereafter, the government also wants to implement a national social security system. This system will cover formal sector workers, and it is likely civil servants will also participate. Consequently, civil servants may get benefits from both the national social security system and the civil service pension system. Timor-Leste has many civil servants with long service both before and after independence. The reformed pension system for civil servants will give the government a method of honorably allowing its elderly civil servants to exit the work force. At this time, the primary method of caring for elderly civil servants is to continue salary payments. This is because there is no mandatory retirement age for civil servants and the government does not yet have effective procedures for compelling older workers to retire when their productivity level declines. Consequently, the government has informed us that the civil service pension is unlikely to pay benefits to any civil servants until such time as these two issues are resolved. The government estimates this will take five years (until 2018). Until that time, elderly civil servants will continue to receive their salary and will not receive a pension from the reformed civil service pension program 40 17-11-21 00:18:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869244 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21120 Volltext, Open Access

175972467X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972467X OCoLC 1255594841 WBOKR 21119 EBP 064565076 KEP 064565076 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21119 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Myanmar Rice Price Reduction and Poverty Reduction World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ACREAGE s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL MARKETS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s AGRICULTURE SECTOR s ARBITRAGE s AVERAGE PRICE s AVERAGE PRICES s BROKEN RICE s CEREAL PRICES s CHANGES IN PRICES s COMMERCE s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMPETITIVE PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONNECTIVITY s CONSUMER PRICE s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER s CROPS s DEFICIT REGIONS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DOMESTIC PRICE s DOMESTIC PRICES s DOMESTIC PRODUCTION s ECONOMIC BENEFITS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT s EXPORT PROMOTION s EXPORT TRADE s EXPORTS s EXPOSURE s FAIR s FARM s FARM INCOMES s FARM PRICES s FARMERS s FIXED PRICE s FOOD EXPENDITURES s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SECURITY s FOREIGN AGRICULTURAL SERVICE s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN MARKETS s FUTURE PRICE s GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSIFICATION s GLOBAL MARKETS s GRAIN s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES s HOUSEHOLDS s IMPORT TARIFF s IMPORT TARIFFS s IMPORTS s INCOME s INCOMES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s JOB CREATION s LOCAL CURRENCY s LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s LOW-INCOME COUNTRY s LOWER COSTS s LOWER PRICE s LOWER PRICES s MAIN PRODUCING s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET INTEGRATION s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRICE s MARKET PRICES s MARKET SEGMENTATION s MARKET SITUATION s MARKET TRANSPARENCY s MARKET VOLATILITY s MARKETING s MARKETING SYSTEMS s MARKETPLACE s MILLING s MILLING INDUSTRY s MILLS s MINIMUM PRICES s MOBILE PHONE s MONETARY FUND s MONOPOLIES s MONOPOLY s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NEW MARKET s NEW MARKET OPPORTUNITIES s OUTPUT s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PHONE NETWORK s PHYSICAL ACCESS s POLITICAL STABILITY s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s PRICE ADJUSTMENTS s PRICE CHANGES s PRICE COMPARISONS s PRICE CONTROLS s PRICE DISTORTIONS s PRICE FLUCTUATION s PRICE FLUCTUATIONS s PRICE INCREASE s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE LEVEL s PRICE LEVELS s PRICE MECHANISMS s PRICE MOVEMENTS s PRICE SPREAD s PRICE STABILITY s PRICE STABILIZATION s PRICE SUPPORT s PRICE UNCERTAINTY s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE STORAGE s PRODUCT QUALITY s PROTEINS s PUBLIC FINANCE s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s RELATIVE PRICE s REPUTATION s RETAIL s RETAIL PRICES s RICE PRICES s RISING PRICE s RURAL AREAS s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SALE s SEASONAL FACTORS s SECURITY CONCERNS s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SPREAD s STOCK MANAGEMENT s STOCKS s STORAGE CAPACITY s STRUCTURAL IMPROVEMENTS s SUBSTITUTES s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY SIDE s SURPLUS s TARIFF BARRIERS s TARIFF RATE s TAX s TAX RATE s TOTAL CONSUMPTION s TRADING SYSTEM s VITAMINS s VOLUME s WAREHOUSE s WHOLESALE PRICE s WHOLESALE PRICES s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s WORLD MARKET s WORLD MARKET PRICE s WORLD MARKET PRICES s WORLD MARKETS s WORLD PRICE s WORLD RICE pha English en_US Myanmar is a low-income agrarian country with a high poverty rate. The livelihood of many poor people depends on the performance of agriculture, especially the rice sector. Rice accounts for 70 percent of Myanmar s total cultivated area and 30 percent of the value of its agricultural production. Increasing returns to rice production will be the key to increasing farm wages and incomes in the short to medium run. Higher rice production will also help maintain low food prices, improve food security, and reduce poverty, as an average household spends 61 percent of total household income on food, and rice is a major component of the food basket. Price fluctuations are a common feature of well-functioning agricultural markets. Price fluctuation should be expected in such markets, since output varies from period to period due to factors such as weather, pests and disease, and because demand and supply are inelastic in the short run. Moreover, some amount of seasonal and spatial price movements should be tolerated, since these usefully signal scarcity in the market and facilitate a supply response, foster arbitrage between surplus and deficit regions, as well as guide post-harvest handling, storage and trade decisions. However, in the case of Myanmar s rice market, several factors serve to exacerbate price fluctuation and make them more pronounced and unpredictable (volatile) and lead to serious negative impacts for consumers and farmers. Rice price volatility is of concern to the Myanmar government given the high importance of rice for farm incomes and consumer expenditures, and thereby for food security and poverty reduction. On the production side, prices volatility inhibits farmers supply response and is a disincentive for greater use of purchased inputs and increased investments. Volatility can also discourage rice-producing farmers to diversify their cropping patterns to high-value crops if they cannot buy cereals for consumption at more predictable prices. On the consumption side, rice price spikes can cause increased food insecurity for those not wealthy enough to maintain consumption levels at the higher prices. For people spending 50 percent of their income on rice, a 20 percent temporary increase in rice prices would lead to an approximate 10 percent decline in effective income. This is a large shock, often equivalent to households spending on health and education 40 17-11-21 00:18:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869252 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21119 Volltext, Open Access

1759724688

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724688 OCoLC 1255595113 WBOKR 21121 EBP 064565068 KEP 064565068 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21121 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Russian Federation Gender Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Russian Federation s ABORTION s ABORTION RATE s ACCESS TO RESOURCES s ADULT EDUCATION s ADULT MEN s ADULT MORTALITY s ADULT WOMEN s ADULTHOOD s AGE DISTRIBUTION s AGING s AGRICULTURE s ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION s ALCOHOLISM s ASSESSMENT OF GENDER s AWARENESS RAISING s BIRTH RATES s BIRTHS s BREADWINNER s BREAST s BREAST CANCER s CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES s CAREER DEVELOPMENT s CAREGIVERS s CAUSES OF DEATH s CERVICAL CANCER s CHILD CARE s CHILD-REARING RESPONSIBILITIES s CHILDBEARING s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CONTRACEPTIVE METHOD s CONTROL OVER RESOURCES s DEATH RATES s DEATHS s DEPENDENCY RATIOS s DISCRIMINATION s DISSEMINATION s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s DYING s ECONOMIC CHANGES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMICS s EDUCATED WOMEN s ELDERLY s ELDERLY MEN s ELDERLY WOMEN s EMERGENCIES s EQUAL ACCESS s EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES s EQUAL PAY s EQUIPMENT s EU s EXCESS MORTALITY s FAMILIES s FAMILY FORMATION s FAMILY MEMBERS s FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES s FAMILY RESPONSIBILITY s FATHERS s FEMALE s FEMALE EDUCATION s FEMALE EMPLOYMENT s FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS s FEMALE HEAD s FEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FEMALE HEADS s FEMALE HEADS OF HOUSEHOLD s FEMALE LABOR s FEMALE LABOR FORCE s FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s FEMALE POPULATION s FEMALE RESEARCHERS s FEMALES s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATE s FERTILITY RATES s FEWER WOMEN s FIRST BIRTH s FIRST BIRTHS s GENDER s GENDER ASPECTS s GENDER ASSESSMENT s GENDER ASYMMETRIES s GENDER DIFFERENCE s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER DISPARITY s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER EQUALITY ISSUES s GENDER GAP s GENDER GAPS s GENDER GAPS IN ACCESS s GENDER IMBALANCES s GENDER INEQUALITIES s GENDER INEQUALITY s GENDER ISSUES s GENDER NEUTRAL s GENDER NORMS s GENDER PARITY s GENDER ROLES s GENDER SPECIALIST s GENDER STATISTICS s GENDER STEREOTYPES s GENDER STUDIES s GENDER WAGE GAPS s GIRLS s GYNECOLOGY s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH WORKERS s HIV s HOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUSBAND s ILL HEALTH s ILLEGAL ABORTIONS s ILLNESSES s IMMIGRANTS s INFORMATION FOR WOMEN s INJURIES s INJURY s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s LABOR CODE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LABOUR CODE s LEGAL ABORTION s LEGAL STATUS s LEGISLATION s LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVE BIRTHS s MALE MORTALITY s MALE PARTICIPATION s MALES s MARITAL STATUS s MARKET ECONOMY s MARRIAGES s MASCULINITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE s MATERNITY LEAVE s MEDICAL SERVICES s MIDDLE AGE s MIGRANTS s MORTALITY LEVELS s MORTALITY RATES s MOTHER s MOTHERS s NUMBER OF CHILDREN s NUMBER OF WOMEN s NURSES s OBSTETRICS s OLDER WOMEN s ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES s PARLIAMENTARY UNION s PARTICIPATION IN DECISION s PARTICIPATION IN SOCIETY s PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN s PENSION s POLICY MAKERS s POLITICAL DECISION s POLITICAL PARTICIPATION s POPULATION TRENDS s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRODUCTIVE YEARS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRESS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC POLICY s REDUCING MATERNAL MORTALITY s REMITTANCES s REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN s RESEARCH COMMUNITY s RESPECT s RISK FACTORS s RISK-TAKING s RISKY BEHAVIOR s ROLE OF WOMEN s RURAL AREAS s RURAL WOMEN s SANCTIONS s SCHOOL CHILDREN s SCHOOL HOURS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SEX s SINGLE PARENT FAMILIES s SKILLED WOMEN s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL NORMS s SOCIAL SCIENCES s STATE UNIVERSITY s SUICIDE s SUICIDES s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY LEVEL s TEXTILES s TRADITIONAL VALUES s UNDP s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT LEVELS s UNITED NATIONS s UNIVERSITIES s URBAN AREAS s VICTIMS s VIOLENCE s VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABILITY s WAGE GAP s WDR s WIFE s WILL s WOMAN s WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS s WOMEN IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP s WOMEN WITH CHILDREN s WOMEN'S ISSUES s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG WOMEN pha English en_US An egalitarian socialist legacy and relatively high and growing levels of income, particularly over the last decade, have translated into fairly equal gender outcomes in Russia along many dimensions. There are no significant differences in education levels between men and women, and in recent years more young women have completed post-secondary education than young men. Girls outperform boys in reading in standardized exams and do as well as them in math and science. At first glance, women do not seem to have difficulties in transitioning from school to work or remaining employed over the life cycle. And female labor force participation is significantly above the levels observed in other countries in Europe and Central Asia, as well as in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, or OECD. This new assessment of gender equality issues in Russia seeks to gauge the progress in all the domains of outcomes during the last 10 years, and to further understand the main causes behind the persisting gender gaps identified in the country. This assessment builds on the analytical framework proposed by the World Development Report 2012: gender equality and development (World Bank 2012a) to provide a general overview of gender issues in Russia, and it builds on literature at the frontier in economics to go deeper in the two selected topics: adult mortality and gender gap in pay 40 17-11-21 00:18:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869260 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21121 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:53.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724696 OCoLC 1255595127 WBOKR 20814 EBP 06456505X KEP 06456505X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20814 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Development and Inclusive Growth Attaining Shared and Sustainable Prosperity in Egypt World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS TO BANK s ACCESS TO BANKS s ACCESS TO CAPITAL s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s AGRICULTURAL CREDIT s ASSET HOLDINGS s ASSET MANAGERS s ASSET VALUE s ASSETS RATIO s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK LOANS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BOND HOLDERS s BOND ISSUANCES s BROKERAGE s BROKERAGES s BROKERS s BUDGET DEFICIT s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET REGULATION s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL OUTFLOW s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s CD s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL SECURITIES DEPOSITORY s CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSIT s CLEARING HOUSE s COLLATERAL s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COMPETITIVE MARKET s CONTRACTUAL SAVINGS s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE BOND MARKET s CORPORATE BOND MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIT RATING s CREDITOR s CREDITOR RIGHTS s DEBT OUTSTANDING s DEFAULTS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEBT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EQUITIES s EQUITY MARKET s EQUITY MARKETS s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXCHANGE RATE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL WEAKNESSES s FIXED INCOME s FIXED INCOME MARKET s FIXED INCOME MARKETS s FIXED INCOME SECURITIES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN INVESTOR s FRAUD s FUND MANAGEMENT s FUND MANAGERS s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BOND MARKET s GOVERNMENT BOND MARKETS s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEBT MARKETS s GOVERNMENT DEFICIT s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GUARANTEE FUND s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s HOME OWNERSHIP s HOUSEHOLD SAVINGS s HOUSING FINANCE s INCOME INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS s INSIDER TRADING s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE POLICIES s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTOR PROTECTION s IPO s ISLAMIC BANKS s ISLAMIC FINANCE s ISSUANCE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL REFORMS s LEGAL RIGHTS s LEGAL RIGHTS OF CREDITORS s LENDERS s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LINE OF CREDIT s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY CRISIS s LOAN s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN QUALITY s LOANABLE FUNDS s LOCAL CURRENCY s MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET ECONOMIES s MARKET LIQUIDITY s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SPECIALIST s MARKET TRANSACTION s MARKET TURNOVER s MATURITY s MATURITY MISMATCH s MATURITY STRUCTURE s MICRO ENTERPRISES s MICRO FINANCE s MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MICROFINANCE s MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s MONEY MARKETS s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE FINANCE s MORTGAGE LOAN s MORTGAGE LOANS s MORTGAGE MARKET s MORTGAGE MARKETS s MORTGAGES s MUTUAL FUND s MUTUAL FUND ASSETS s MUTUAL FUNDS s NATIONAL INVESTMENT s NATIONAL INVESTMENTS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONS s POLITICAL STABILITY s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO QUALITY s PORTFOLIOS s POST OFFICE s PRICE LIMITS s PRIMARY DEALER s PRIMARY MARKET s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE CREDIT BUREAU s PRIVATE EQUITY s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT s REFERENDUM s REGISTRATION PROCESS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPO s RESERVES s RESIDENTIAL MORTGAGE s RETURN s RISK AVERSION s SAVINGS RATE s SECONDARY MARKET s SECONDARY MARKET TRADING s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKET s SETTLEMENT s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SOCIAL INSURANCE FUND s SOVEREIGN RATING s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKET CAPITALIZATION s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s T-BILLS s T-BOND s T-BONDS s TAX s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s USE OF BANK CREDIT s YIELD CURVE English en_US Better functioning financ ... 40 17-11-21 00:18:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869279 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20814 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:53.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972470X OCoLC 1255595128 WBOKR 20813 EBP 064565041 KEP 064565041 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20813 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Open Data for Resilience Initiative Planning an Open Cities Mapping Project Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource South Asia s ABBREVIATIONS s ACTION PLAN s ATLAS s BACKUP s BINDERS s BLOG s BOUNDARIES s BOUNDARY s BRAINSTORMING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CITIES s COLLABORATION s COLLABORATIVE WORK s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY BUILDING s COMMUNITY GROUPS s COMMUNITY MEMBERS s COMPLEXITY s COMPUTER SCIENCE s COMPUTERS s CONNECTIVITY s CONTENTS s COPYRIGHT s CREATIVE SOLUTIONS s CUSTOM s DATA ANALYSIS s DATA CAPTURE s DATA COLLECTION s DATA ENTRY s DATA MODELING s DATA SHARING s DATA SOURCES s DECISION MAKERS s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING s DESCRIPTION s DESCRIPTIONS s DIGITAL DATA s DIGITIZATION s DISCUSSION s DISCUSSIONS s DOMAIN s DRM s E-MAIL s ELECTRICITY s ENGINEERS s ENTRY POINT s EQUIPMENT s EXPERIMENTATION s FLOW OF INFORMATION s FUNCTIONALITY s GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM s GOVERNMENT ENTITIES s GPS s GROUP OF USERS s HARDWARE s HOSPITALS s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s ID s IDEA s IDEAS s IMAGE s IMAGES s INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INNOVATION s INSIGHTS s INSTRUCTION s INTEGRATION s INTERVENTIONS s LEADING s LEARNING s LIBRARIES s LICENSE s LICENSES s MATERIAL s METRICS s MOBILE APPLICATIONS s MOBILE DEVICES s MOBILE PHONES s NEIGHBORHOOD s NETWORKS s OBJECT s OBJECTS s ONLINE DATABASE s OPEN SYSTEMS s OPEN-SOURCE SOFTWARE s PARTNER ORGANIZATIONS s PHONES s PILOT PROJECT s PILOT PROJECTS s POPULATION DISTRIBUTION s PRACTITIONERS s PRIVACY s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROGRAMS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s QUALITY INFORMATION s QUERIES s RENTING s RESULT s SATELLITE s SATELLITES s SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITIES s SEARCH s SEARCH ENGINE s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SETTLEMENTS s SITES s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL NETWORKING s SOFTWARE COMPANIES s SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS s SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT s SUPERVISION s TAGGING s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TELEPHONE s TIME FRAME s TIME PERIOD s TRAFFIC s TRAINING MANUAL s TRAINING MATERIAL s TRAINING MATERIALS s TRAININGS s URBAN AREA s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN PLANNERS s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN POPULATIONS s USER s USER GROUPS s USERS s USES s VARIETY s WEBSITE s YOUTH English en_US This guide offers a comprehensive understanding of the design and implementation of an Open Cities mapping project for both practitioners in the field and those interested in a higher-level understanding of the process. The guideapos;s content is based on experience in implementing the initial Open Cities projects in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka as well as on previous mapping project experience. Where relevant, it provides relevant examples from those projects in the text and full case studies at the end of guide. The Open Cities Project launched its efforts in three cities: Batticaloa, Sri Lanka; Dhaka, Bangladesh; and Kathmandu, Nepal. These cities were chosen for: 1) their high levels of disaster risk; 2) the presence of World Bank-lending activities related to urban planning and disaster management that would benefit from access to better data; and 3) the willingness of government counterparts to participate in and help guide the interventions. Chapter 2, quot;Project Design and Preparation,quot; covers how a project design process begins: by identifying partners, clarifying a projectapos;s objectives and scope, assembling a team of managers and mappers, and assessing the necessary resources for mapping. Chapter 3, quot;Getting Started,quot; then describes the steps after the initial planning stage: how to locate an appropriate workspace, assess equipment costs, and prepare staff training. Chapter 4, quot;Implementation and Supervision,quot; takes a practical look at data collection techniques from both the organizational and technical perspectives. It also addresses common challenges and mechanisms for quality control and reporting. Finally, chapter 5 examines the lessons learned from previous Open Cities projects and considers future improvements to the overall project design 40 17-11-21 00:18:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869287 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20813 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 0206:08-05-23 16:06:16.000 0206:07-02-22 utf8 0 Oau Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724718 OCoLC 1255594843 WBOKR 20805 EBP 064565033 KEP 064565033 eng 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20805 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia Economic Quarterly, July 2014 Hard Choices World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACCOUNTING s ADJUSTMENT MECHANISMS s ADJUSTMENT POLICIES s ADVANCED COUNTRIES s ADVANCED ECONOMIES s AGRICULTURE s AMORTIZATION s AMORTIZATIONS s ARREARS s ASSET PRICES s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK CREDIT s BANK LIQUIDITY s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKS s BASIS POINTS s BENCHMARK s BENCHMARK YIELDS s BOND s BOND PRICES s BOND YIELDS s BORROWING COSTS s BUDGET DEFICIT s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CENTRAL BANK s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY EXPORT s COMMODITY EXPORTS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONTINGENCY PLANNING s COSTS TO BORROWERS s CREDIT BANK s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT SPREADS s CURRENCY DEPRECIATION s CURRENCY MARKET s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT LEVELS s DEFICITS s DEFLATION s DEMOCRACY s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INTEREST s DEPOSIT INTEREST RATE s DEPOSIT RATE s DEPOSIT RATES s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DIVIDEND s DIVIDEND PAYMENTS s DOMESTIC BONDS s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC GOVERNMENT BONDS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC ASSUMPTIONS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET ASSETS s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s ENROLMENT RATES s EQUIPMENT s EQUITIES s EQUITY INDICES s EQUITY PRICES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPECTED VALUE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORT SECTOR s EXPORT SHARE s EXPORTERS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL FUNDING s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCIAL ASSET s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS s FINANCING COSTS s FINANCING NEEDS s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED INVESTMENT s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FORECASTS s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN LOANS s FUTURE GROWTH s GDP DEFLATOR s GINI COEFFICIENT s GLOBAL ECONOMIC PROSPECTS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL FINANCIAL MARKET s GLOBAL MARKET s GLOBAL MARKETS s GLOBAL RISK s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BOND YIELD s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HOLDINGS s HOUSEHOLDS s ID s INCOME s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME TAX s INCOMES s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION RATES s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL BORROWING s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVENTORIES s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR PURCHASES s ISSUANCE s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s LABOR MARKET s LENDING SPREADS s LIMITED ACCESS s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN APPROVALS s LOAN REPAYMENTS s LOCAL CURRENCY s MACROECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DATA s MARKET LIQUIDITY s MARKET PRICES s MARKET SEGMENTATION s MARKET VOLATILITY s MONETARY AUTHORITY s MONETARY POLICY s MULTIPLIER EFFECT s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NET EXPORTS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OFFSHORE INVESTOR s OFFSHORE INVESTORS s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO CAPITAL s PORTFOLIO CAPITAL INFLOWS s PORTFOLIO FLOWS s PORTFOLIO INFLOWS s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s POWER PARITY s PRICE DECLINES s PRICE LEVELS s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE EQUITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s REAL GDP s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESERVES s RISK MANAGEMENT s RURAL CREDIT s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES ISSUANCE s SELLING PRICE s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL WELFARE s SPOT MARKET s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGE LISTING s SUBSIDY COSTS s SUPPLY SHOCK s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TAX COLLECTION s TAX REVENUES s TOTAL OUTPUT s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE TAXES s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSPORTATION SERVICES s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s WEALTH 091401070 Wirtschaftslage stw 10342-1 DA-3 091400988 Wirtschaftsindikator stw 15075-1 DA-3 091401194 Wirtschaftsprognose stw 10031-4 DA-3 091366941 Indonesien stw 17578-0 DA-3 2014 DA-3 DE-206 English en_US The Indonesia Economic Quarterly (IEQ) has two main objectives. First, it reports on the key developments over the past three months in Indonesia's economy, and places these in a longer term and global context. Based on these developments, and on policy changes over the period, the IEQ regularly updates the outlook for Indonesia's economy and social welfare. Second, the IEQ provides a more in-depth examination of selected economic and policy issues, and analysis of Indonesia s medium-term development challenges. It is intended for a wide audience, including policymakers, business leaders, financial market participants, and the community of analysts and professionals engaged in Indonesia's evolving economy. As Indonesians await the results of a presidential election on July 9, 2014 and plan for the upcoming inauguration of a new president in October, they face hard policy choices. The past decade of solid growth has contributed to considerable development progress. Indonesia now has the world's tenth largest economy in purchasing power parity-adjusted terms; however, there remains a clear risk that the recent moderation in economic growth could intensify. Against a backdrop of weakening revenue growth and rising energy subsidy spending, this would further constrain development expenditures in critical areas such as infrastructure, social protection and health. The new government will face an evolving global environment, which is expected to pick up speed later this year. The price of Indonesia's top six exports, accounting for 50 percent of total export revenues, continues to soften, falling by 8.6 percent in 2014 through June, led by coal (down 15.2 percent). The recent volatility of oil prices, due in part to the turmoil in Iraq, highlights the ongoing vulnerability of Indonesia's fiscal position to higher international oil prices. Real GDP growth in Indonesia moderated to 5.2 percent year-on-year and 4.3 percent quarter-on-quarter at a seasonally-adjusted annualized rate in the first quarter of 2014. Safeguarding hard-fought poverty reduction and social protection progress in Indonesia also calls for enhancing the management of disaster risks. This edition of the IEQ examines one such disaster risk: forest and land fires 40 17-11-21 00:18:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869295 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20805 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:53.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724726 OCoLC 1255594851 WBOKR 20801 EBP 064565025 KEP 064565025 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20801 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ghana Economic Update, October 2014 Dilek Aykut VerfasserIn aut Felix Oppong VerfasserIn aut Gregory Smith VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ghana s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ABSOLUTE POVERTY LINE s ADMINISTRATIVE REGIONS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURE s AMORTIZATION s ARREARS s ASSETS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANKING SECTOR s BASIS POINTS s BUDGET DEFICIT s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL GOODS s CAPITAL OUTFLOW s CENTRAL BANK s COASTAL REGION s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION s CONSUMER PRICES s CONSUMPTION BASKET s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CONSUMPTIONS s COUPON s COUPON PAYMENT s CREDIT POLICY s CURRENCY s CURRENCY DEPRECIATION s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT COMPOSITION s DEBT ISSUANCE s DEBT OUTSTANDING s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT STOCK s DEFICITS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS s DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT POLICIES s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC BANKING s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEBT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SECTORS s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT SOURCE s EQUITIES s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE REGIME s EXCISE TAXES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT REVENUE s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES s EXTREME POVERTY s EXTREME POVERTY LINE s FARMERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FIXED INVESTMENT s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD PROCESSING s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GINI COEFFICIENT s GOLD s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX s IMBALANCE s IMPORT s IMPORT DEMAND s IMPORTS s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME ON FOOD s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INTEREST COSTS s INTEREST EXPENDITURE s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LACK OF EDUCATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIQUIDITY s LIVESTOCK SECTOR s LIVING STANDARD s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s M2 s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MATURITY s MONETARY EXPANSION s MULTIPLE EXCHANGE RATE s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE s NOMINAL WAGES s OIL EXPORTS s OPEN MARKET s OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS s PENSION s POOR s POOR POPULATION s POPULATION GROWTH s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY GAP INDEX s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE INCREASE s PRICE INFLATION s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PUBLIC DEBT s RATES OF INFLATION s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REDUCTION IN POVERTY s RELATIVE PRICES s REMITTANCES s RESERVE s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RESERVES s RETURN s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL PHENOMENON s RURAL POPULATION s SCHOOL FEEDING s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SHORT TERM CAPITAL INFLOWS s SHORT-TERM CAPITAL s SHORT-TERM INSTRUMENTS s SHORTFALL s SLOWDOWN s SOVEREIGN BONDS s STABLE GROWTH s STOCKS s TAX s TOTAL EXTERNAL DEBT s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE CREDIT s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADING s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILL RATE s TREASURY BILLS s TREASURY BOND s TREASURY BOND YIELD s TREASURY NOTE s TRUST FUND s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s URBAN REGIONS s WAGE EARNERS s WELFARE MONITORING s WITHHOLDING TAXES s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS English en_US This report is the most recent in a series aimed at monitoring economic developments in Ghana and has two sections. The first section summarizes the recent macroeconomic developments in the country while the second section presents the main findings on poverty and employment published recently by the Ghana statistical service. Ghana s overall macroeconomic conditions have deteriorated further in 2014 with large twin-deficits lingering, fueling government debt and inflation, a sharp depreciation of its currency, and a weaker pace of economic growth. The fiscal deficit remains the biggest source of vulnerability in the Ghanaian economy. Preliminary figures show the fiscal deficit was 9.2 percent of GDP in the first half of 2014, driven by the high wage bill and rising interest costs. The wage bill grew 25.7 percent (y-o-y) during the first half of 2014 despite promised measures to contain it, while interest payments reached 5% of GDP. Total domestic revenue collections were dragged down by a contraction in non-tax revenue while tax revenue only increased slightly to 15.6 percent of GDP. With large expenditures planned for the second half of the year, the deficit is projected to be around 10% of GDP, above the government s 8.8 percent target for 2014. A careful analysis of the determinants of poverty and inequality, and their interaction with labor market variables is just beginning, as the 2013 surveys were just released. However, these preliminary findings highlight how critical are Ghana s policy decisions over the next 12 months to pursue more inclusive and stable growth. Urgent efforts are needed to build a more predictable policy environment that facilitates diversification from capital intensive activities in extractive industries towards more labor and land intensive activities in the agriculture and service sectors 40 17-11-21 00:18:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869309 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20801 Volltext, Open Access

1759724734

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:53.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724734 OCoLC 1255594832 WBOKR 20808 EBP 064565017 KEP 064565017 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20808 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Romania Judicial Functional Review World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s ABUSE s ABUSES s ACCESS TO JUSTICE s ACCESSION s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACRONYMS s ADMINISTRATIVE COURTS s ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION s ANNUAL REPORTS s ANTI-CORRUPTION s ANTICORRUPTION s APPELLATE COURTS s ARBITRATION s ARRANGEMENTS s ATTORNEYS s BAILIFFS s BAR ASSOCIATIONS s BENCHMARKS s BRIBE s BRIBES s BUSINESS PROCESS s CAPABILITIES s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE s CLASSIFICATION s COLLAPSE s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMPENSATION s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s CONFIDENCE s CONSTITUTIONAL COURT s CONTENTS s CONVICTIONS s CORRUPT s COURT s COURT PROCEEDINGS s COURT RECORDS s COURTS s CRIME s CRIMES s CRIMINAL s CRIMINAL CASES s CRIMINAL PROCEDURES s DATA WAREHOUSE s DETENTION s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISTRICT COURTS s DOCUMENT MANAGEMENT s DOCUMENTS s ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT s ELECTRONIC FILING s ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE s ENTRIES s ENTRY s EU s FAIR TRIAL s FILINGS s FINANCIAL RESOURCE s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s GENERAL PUBLIC s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s HARDWARE s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE CAPACITY s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMAN RIGHTS s ICT s INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s INFORMATION INTEGRATION s INFORMATION SERVICES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INITIATIVE s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTEROPERABILITY s INVENTORY s INVESTIGATION s INVESTIGATIONS s JUDGE s JUDGES s JUDGMENTS s JUDICIAL CORRUPTION s JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE s JUDICIAL INSTITUTIONS s JUDICIAL REFORM s JUDICIAL SERVICE s JUDICIAL SERVICES s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s JUDICIAL SYSTEM PERFORMANCE s JUDICIARY s JURISDICTION s JUSTICE s LAWS s LAWYER s LAWYERS s LEGAL AID s LEGAL ASSISTANCE s LEGAL CHANGES s LEGAL COUNSEL s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL INTERPRETATION s LEGAL PROFESSIONALS s LEGAL REFORM s LEGAL SERVICES s LEGAL SYSTEM s LEGALITY s LEGISLATION s LITIGATION s LOGIC s MAGISTRATES s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MEDIATION s MILITARY COURTS s MINISTER s MINISTERS s NATIONAL INTEGRITY s NOTARIES s ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEMS s PENSION s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PRISONS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCTIVITY s PROSECUTION s PROSECUTOR s PROSECUTORS s PROTOCOLS s REGISTRY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REMEDIES s RESULT s RESULTS s SANCTIONS s SEARCH s SECURITY POLICY s SENTENCES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOCIAL SECURITY s STATE COURTS s SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT s TARGETS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TERRORISM s TIME FRAME s TIME PERIOD s TRANSPARENCY s TRIALS s TRIBUNALS s USER s USER GROUPS s USER TRAINING s USERS s VERIFICATION s VICTIMS s WILL s WORKFLOW MANAGEMENT English en_US This review is one of a series of functional reviews commissioned by the Government of Romania (GOR), funded by the European Union, and carried out by the World Bank. It is an element agreed on by the European Union and the Government as part of the post-accession Cooperation and Verification Mechanism (CVM) established to assess further need for reform in the judicial system and to suggest reforms that would ensure Romania's full integration into the European Union system. The objective of the review is to analyze the functioning of institutions of the judicial system in Romania with a view to providing analytical and advisory input to the Romanian authorities as they formulate an action program to improve the performance of the judicial system. The present report covers a large part of Romania's judicial system, a term used here with broad scope. In accord with the terms of reference (appendix one), in addition to the courts, the review covers the Ministry of Justice, focusing on those functions most directly related to the judiciary and to the Public Ministry (PM), the PM itself, and a range of independent legal professionals whose work complements and in some cases replaces that of judges and prosecutors. Within the judiciary, aside from the ordinary courts, the review also addressed the operations of the Superior Council of Magistracy, the Judicial Inspectorate, and the High Court of Cassation and Justice, all of which operate quasi-independently. They have their own budgets and administrative structures, although are still governed by laws on staffing set by Parliament and staffing levels approved by the cabinet. Within the PM, the team also looked at the quasi-independent National Anti-Corruption Directorate 40 17-11-21 00:18:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869317 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20808 Volltext, Open Access

1759724742

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724742 OCoLC 1255594993 WBOKR 20804 EBP 064565009 KEP 064565009 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20804 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Green Growth Opportunities for Bhutan World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Bhutan South Asia s ACCESS TO PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s ACCESSIBILITY s ACTION PLAN s AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGROCHEMICALS s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT s AIR QUALITY STANDARDS s AIR TRANSPORT s ALUMINUM s ATMOSPHERE s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BAMBOO s BENEFIT SHARING s BIODIVERSITY s BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION s BIODIVERSITY PROTECTION s BIOGAS s BUS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON NEUTRAL s CARBON NEUTRALITY s CARBON SEQUESTRATION s CARBON STORAGE s CATCHMENT AREA s CHEMICALS s CHICKEN s CLEAN AIR s CLEAN ENERGY s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CO2 s COAL s COLORS s COMBUSTION s COMMON PROPERTY s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPOSTING s COPPER s CROP RESIDUES s DEBT s DECISION MAKING s DEFORESTATION s DESERTIFICATION s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DIESEL s DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s DRIVING s DROUGHT s DRY SEASON s DUST s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GOODS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS s ECONOMIC RENTS s ECONOMIC VALUE s ECONOMICS s ECONOMISTS s ECOSYSTEM s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELEPHANT s EMISSION s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS PERFORMANCE s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENFORCEMENT OF REGULATIONS s ENTITLEMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS s ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s FARMS s FATS s FERTILIZERS s FISH s FISHERIES s FLOODS s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOREST s FOREST AREA s FOREST CARBON s FOREST CARBON SEQUESTRATION s FOREST COVER s FOREST DEGRADATION s FOREST ECOSYSTEMS s FOREST FIRE s FOREST FIRES s FOREST INVENTORIES s FOREST LANDS s FOREST MANAGEMENT s FOREST POLICY s FOREST PRODUCTIVITY s FOREST PRODUCTS s FOREST RESOURCES s FOREST TYPE s FOREST TYPES s FORESTRY s FORESTRY SECTOR s FORESTS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FUEL s FUEL QUALITY s GASES s GHG s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GROSS EARNINGS s HAZARDOUS WASTE s HIGH TRANSPORTATION s HOUSEHOLD FUELS s HYDROLOGY s INCINERATION s INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS s INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE UPGRADING s INFRASTRUCTURES s INSPECTION s LABOR FORCE s LAKE s LAKES s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND USE s LANDFILL s LANDFILLS s LIVESTOCK s LOGGING s MANGANESE s MARKET PRICES s METALS s METHANE s MIGRATION s MINES s MOTOR VEHICLES s NATIONAL ACCOUNTING s NATIONAL FOREST POLICY s NATIONAL INCOME s NATIONAL PARK s NATURAL CAPITAL s NATURAL FORESTS s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEGATIVE IMPACTS s NITRATES s NITROGEN s NUTRIENTS s OIL s OILS s OPEN BURNING s PARTICLES s PARTICULATE s PASTURES s PESTICIDES s PET s PLANT s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POLLUTION s POLLUTION DAMAGES s POLLUTION PROBLEMS s POPULATION CENSUS s POPULATION DENSITIES s POPULATION DENSITY s PP s PRECIPITATION s PRESENT VALUE s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROPERTY TAXES s PUBLIC GOOD s PUBLIC TRANSIT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s QUALITY ASSESSMENT s QUALITY STANDARDS s RAIN s RAINFALL s RAPID TRANSIT s REBATES s RECYCLABLE MATERIALS s RECYCLING s RESERVE FORESTS s RESERVES s RESOURCE USE s RIVER BASINS s ROAD s ROAD CONSTRUCTION s ROAD SAFETY s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROADS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s SEASONAL VARIABILITY s SILICON s SINK s SMALL HYDROPOWER s SMOKE s SOIL DEGRADATION s STREAM FLOW s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE FOREST s SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE NATURAL RESOURCE s SUSTAINABLE NATURAL RESOURCE USE s SUSTAINABLE USE s TAX s TEMPERATURE s TIMBER s TIRES s TOTAL EMISSIONS s TOURISM s TRADEOFFS s TRAFFIC s TRANSIT s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT AUTHORITY s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TRUE s UNEMPLOYMENT s VEHICLE s VEHICLE OWNERSHIP s VEHICLES s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WATER POLLUTION s WATERSHED s WEALTH s WILDLIFE s WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT s WIND pha English en_US Bhutan has recently made significant progress in sustaining economic growth and reducing poverty. In 2012, average per capita household income was somewhat under USD 2,400/year (Living Standards Measurement Surveys 2012). Growth has averaged around 9 percent per annum over the past decade and is expected to be on the order of 8 percent per annum over the next five years. According to the 2012 Bhutan Poverty Analysis, 12 percent of the population are what is known as consumption poor , half the number as compared to 2007. Furthermore, extreme poverty defined as less than $1.25/day in PPP terms has fallen to only 2 percent of the total population. Bhutan has virtually eliminated extreme poverty within the living memory of one generation. Bhutan s population remains rural to a significant extent. According to a 2005 population census, 69 percent of the population lived in rural areas. And there remain significant income differences between urban and rural areas; average per capita household income in rural areas is estimated to be 28,000 Nu against 80,000 Nu in urban areas. There is, though, significant ongoing migration to population centers in search of increased opportunities. The 2005 urban population share of 31 percent of total population represents a substantial increase from only 5 percent in 1995 40 17-11-21 00:18:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869325 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20804 Volltext, Open Access

1759724750

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:53.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724750 OCoLC 1255595094 WBOKR 20800 EBP 064564991 KEP 064564991 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20800 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Inclusive Heritage-Based City Development Program in India Cities Alliance VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESSIBILITY s ADEQUATE INFRASTRUCTURE s AIR s ANCIENT CITIES s ANCIENT HOUSES s ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES s ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY s ARCHAEOLOGY s ARCHEOLOGICAL SITES s ARCHITECT s ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES s ARCHITECTURE s ARTISTS s BASIC s BELIEFS s BRIDGE s BUDDHA s BUDDHIST TEMPLES s BUILDING STANDARDS s BUILT HERITAGE s BUS s BUS ROUTE s BUS STATIONS s CAR s CAR USE s CHURCH s CHURCHES s CITIES s CITIES ALLIANCE s CITY AUTHORITIES s CITY BOUNDARIES s CITY DEVELOPMENT s CITY MANAGEMENT s CITY MANAGERS s CITY OFFICIALS s CITY PLANNING s CITY POPULATION s CLEANLINESS s COMMUNITIES s CONGESTION s CONSERVATION s CONSERVATION COMMITTEE s CONSERVATION OF HERITAGE s CONSERVATION PROJECT s CRAFT s CRAFTS s CULTURAL ACTIVITIES s CULTURAL FEATURES s CULTURAL HERITAGE s CULTURAL LANDSCAPE s CULTURAL LANDSCAPES s CULTURAL PRACTICES s CULTURAL RESOURCE s CULTURAL RESOURCES s DANCE s DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE s DEMOLITION s DESCRIPTION s DIVERSITY s DRAINAGE SYSTEMS s DRAWINGS s DRIVING s ECO-TOURISM s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENGINEER s FAIRS s FESTIVAL s FESTIVALS s GARDENS s GENDER s GENTRIFICATION s GEOGRAPHY s GREEN AREAS s GUIDED TOUR s HERITAGE s HERITAGE AREA s HERITAGE AREAS s HERITAGE ASSETS s HERITAGE COMMITTEE s HERITAGE CONSERVATION s HERITAGE DEVELOPMENT s HERITAGE HOTELS s HERITAGE INITIATIVES s HERITAGE INVENTORIES s HERITAGE LISTINGS s HERITAGE MANAGEMENT s HERITAGE MONUMENTS s HERITAGE STATUS s HERITAGE TRUST s HERITAGE VALUES s HIGHWAY s HISTORIC AREA s HISTORIC AREAS s HISTORIC PROPERTIES s HOTEL s HOTEL OWNERS s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HOUSING STOCK s INFRASTRUCTURE UPGRADING s INHABITANTS s INNER CITY s INSCRIPTIONS s INTANGIBLE HERITAGE s INTERVENTIONS s JEWELRY s LAND USE s LAND USES s LANDMARKS s LANGUAGES s LARGE CITIES s LEARNING s LITERACY s LITERATURE s LIVING CONDITIONS s LIVING HERITAGE s LOCAL ARTISANS s LOCAL CUISINE s LOCAL SKILLS s MASS RAPID TRANSIT s MASTER PLAN s METROPOLITAN CITIES s MONUMENTS s MOSQUE s MOSQUES s MUNICIPAL BUDGETS s MUSEUM s MUSEUMS s MUSIC s MYTHS s NARROW STREETS s NATURAL AREAS s NEIGHBORHOOD s NEIGHBORHOODS s NOISE s OVERCROWDING s PAINTING s PALACE s PALACES s PERFORMING ARTS s POLICE s POLLUTION s POLLUTION CONTROL s POPULATION DENSITY s PRESERVATION s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY OF LIFE s RAILWAY s RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES s RECREATIONAL AREAS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REGULATORY MECHANISMS s RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIES s RELIGIOUS PLACES s RESIDENCES s RESIDENTIAL AREAS s RESTORATION s RING ROAD s RITUALS s ROADS s ROUTE s ROUTES s SACRED SITES s SAFETY s SANITATION s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVISION s SEWERAGE s SHELTERS s SHRINES s SIDEWALKS s SIGNAGE s SILVER s SLUM s SLUM AREAS s SLUM HOUSEHOLD s SLUM POPULATION s SLUM RESIDENTS s SLUM SETTLEMENTS s SLUMS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL INCLUSION s SOCIAL PRACTICES s SOIL CONSERVATION s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s SPRAWL s STAKEHOLDERS s STREET FURNITURE s STREET LIGHTING s STREET VENDORS s STREETS s STREETSCAPES s SUSTAINABLE CITY s SUSTAINABLE TOURISM s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TEMPLE s TEMPLES s TEXTILES s TOURISM DEPARTMENT s TOURISM DEVELOPMENT s TOURISM INFORMATION s TOURISM POTENTIAL s TOURIST CITY s TOURIST INFORMATION s TOURISTS s TOURS s TOWN DEVELOPMENT s TOWN PLANNING s TRADITION s TRADITIONAL CRAFT s TRADITIONAL FOOD s TRADITIONAL PRACTICES s TRADITIONAL SKILLS s TRADITIONS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRAILS s TRANSIT SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION OF WASTE s TRAVEL TIME s UNDERGROUND s URBAN AGGLOMERATION s URBAN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s URBAN DESIGN s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN MIGRATION s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN POOR s URBAN POVERTY s URBAN PROFESSIONALS s URBAN REGENERATION s URBAN RENEWAL s URBAN REVITALIZATION s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBANIZATION s URBANIZATION PROCESS s URBANIZED AREA s UTILITIES s WALKING s WALKING DISTANCE s WASTE MATERIALS s WATER DRAINAGE s WATER DRAINS s WATER SOURCES s WATER TREATMENT s WEALTH s WEAVING s WORLD HERITAGE s WORLD HERITAGE SITES s ZONING English en_US This report summarizes the motivation, objectives, methodology, results and lessons learned from the design and implementation of the Demonstration Program on Inclusive Heritage-based City Development in India. The development objective of this program is to test an inclusive heritage-based approach to city development planning in three pilot cities with a focus on learning and future expansion. The pilot cities include a metropolis (Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh), a medium-size city (Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh) and a small city (Ajmer-Pushkar, Rajasthan). The pilot cities have been selected on the basis of population, living standards in historic areas, heritage value and reform orientation. These cities represent India s diversity in terms of settlements as well as social and cultural heritage, and provide scope for customizing the tested planning instruments, specific institutional and financial arrangements and methods at an early stage. An initial activity is the first phase of a larger program aimed at providing national policy makers, state governments, urban local bodies and sector professionals in India with exemplary practices, institutional arrangements as well as financial and management incentives that can assist them in incorporating cultural heritage into their overall city development planning framework. This activity has three components: component 1 offers institutional set-up and selection of pilot cities; component 2 provides advisory support to pilot Cities; and component 3 maintains knowledge management and learning systems. Overall, the program is expected to leverage existing public funds under national and state-level schemes that have been earmarked for urban renewal investments but are currently not being utilized for this purpose due to lack of capacities, appropriate mechanisms and tools 40 17-11-21 00:18:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869333 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20800 Volltext, Open Access

1759724769

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:53.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724769 OCoLC 1255595142 WBOKR 20799 EBP 064564983 KEP 064564983 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20799 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Improving Vietnam's Sustainability Rural Road Pavement and Surfacing Design Options World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s AXLE LOAD s AXLE LOADS s BITUMEN s BRICK s BRICKS s CARRIAGEWAY s CEMENT s CHIP SEAL s CHIPPINGS s CONCRETE s CONCRETE ROADS s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION COSTS s CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT s CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS s CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES s CRACKING s CROSSINGS s CRUSHED STONE s DRAINAGE s DUST s EARTHWORK s EMBANKMENT s EMULSION s EROSION s FLOODING s FRAMEWORK s GRADE s GRADIENTS s GRAVEL s GRAVEL SURFACING s GRAVELS s HEAVY TRUCK TRAFFIC s HILLY TERRAIN s HYDROLOGY s INCOME s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s JOINTS s LIFE CYCLE COSTS s LIME s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOW VOLUME RURAL ROAD s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN s PAVEMENT DESIGN s PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE s PAVEMENTS s PERIODIC MAINTENANCE s PLASTICITY s PRECIPITATION s QUALITY CONTROL s REINFORCED CONCRETE s REINFORCEMENT s ROAD s ROAD DESIGN s ROAD ENGINEERING s ROAD LENGTHS s ROAD LINKS s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD NETWORKS s ROAD PAVEMENT s ROAD PAVEMENTS s ROAD SECTOR s ROAD SHOULDERS s ROAD STANDARDS s ROAD SURFACE s ROAD SURFACING s ROLLING TERRAIN s ROUGHNESS s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL ROAD s RURAL ROAD MAINTENANCE s RURAL ROAD NETWORKS s RURAL ROADS s RURAL TRANSPORT s SAND s SEALING s SIGNS s SOILS s SPOT IMPROVEMENT s SPOT IMPROVEMENTS s STEEL s STONE s STRUCTURES s SUBBASE s SUBGRADE s SURFACING s TERRAIN s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC COUNTS s TRAFFIC DATA s TRANSPORT SECTOR English en_US Recent research in S E Asia and Vietnam in particular, funded by the World Bank and DfID since 2003, has focused on improving rural community access through more sustainable low volume rural road design. More appropriate design ensures that roads built are cost effective in terms of whole life performance. Because of increasing recognition that gravel surfacing was not always the best solution for rural roads in Vietnam, the initial research focused on the performance of existing unsealed roads and the identification of sustainable alternatives. Subsequent research has focused on the relative performance of the alternative option trials and their role in providing a more climate resilient rural infrastructure. In general, this work has concentrated on a range of pavements to establish the best performance within a range of physical and socio-economic environments. This note highlights the findings of the Rural Road Gravel Assessment Programme (RRGAP) and the Rural Road Surfacing Trials (RRST phases I, II and III) undertaken within Vietnam under the umbrella of the Ministry of Transport Rural Road Surfacing Research (RRSR) committee. Outcomes were enhanced by information from complimentary projects within Lao PDR and Cambodia 40 17-11-21 00:18:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869341 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20799 Volltext, Open Access

1759724777

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:54.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724777 OCoLC 1255595109 WBOKR 20798 EBP 064564975 KEP 064564975 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20798 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Basic Agricultural Public Expenditure Diagnostic Review Republic of Cameroon, 2003-2012 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Cameroon s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s BUDGET ANALYSIS s EXCHANGE RATES s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s GROWTH STIMULUS s IMPLEMENTATION s INEFFICIENCIES s JOB CREATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s RELATIVE PRICES English en_US This report summarizes the conclusions of a team of World Bank consultants who visited Cameroon from May 5 to 23, 2013, from July 28 to August 3, 2013, and from February 18 to 22, 2014 to lend support to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MINADER), the Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries, and Animal Husbandry (MINEPIA), the Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife (MINFOF), and the Ministry of the Environment, Nature Protection and Sustainable Development (MINEPDED), in the preparation of a Basic Agricultural Public Expenditure Diagnostic Review. The Cameroon government assigns a crucial role to agriculture in stimulating growth, combating poverty, and job creation. The objectives of the Basic Agricultural Public Expenditure Diagnostic Review in Cameroon are as follows: a) to learn from past experience of budget implementation in the agricultural sector, identify bottlenecks, inefficiencies, and deviations from the stated goals, and recommend remedial measures for existing and future programs, with the intention of improving their impact and making them more efficient and equitable; b) to initiate the creation of databases and formulate the required methodology to conduct regular comparable reviews, thereby contributing towards the institutionalization of the process. This database should facilitate the analysis of factors affecting the growth of agriculture on a macroeconomic scale within the framework of a computable general equilibrium model soon to be established. This model will analyze the role of relative prices, public expenditure, and exchange rates on the growth in the sector; c) to assist the government in fostering an environment and management skills focused on results with special emphasis on improving planning, implementation, and budget analysis; and d) to improve awareness of the absorptive capacities of the sector by the government and its development partners to help decide how to increase the financial resources dedicated to agricultural development 40 17-11-21 00:18:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986935X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20798 Volltext, Open Access

1759724785

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:54.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724785 OCoLC 1255595073 WBOKR 20795 EBP 064564959 KEP 064564959 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20795 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Revising Vietnam's State Budget Law (2002) Proposals Drawing on International Experience World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Vietnam 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ACCELERATED DEPRECIATION s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES s ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING s ACCRUALS s AMOUNT OF DEBTS s ANNUAL BORROWING PLAN s APPROPRIATIONS s ASSET SALES s AUDITING s AUDITS s AUTONOMY s BENEFICIARIES s BLOCK GRANTS s BOND s BOND ISSUANCES s BONDS s BORROWING s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET BALANCE s BUDGET CYCLE s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET DEFICITS s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET IMPLICATIONS s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET REVIEWS s BUDGETING s CABINET OF MINISTERS s CAPITAL ALLOCATIONS s CAPITAL BUDGETING s CAPITAL BUDGETS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL AGENCIES s CENTRAL AUTHORITIES s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BUDGET s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL MINISTRIES s CENTRAL POLICIES s CENTRAL SPENDING s CITIES s CLAIMANTS s CONSOLIDATION s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CREDIBILITY s DEBT REPAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICING s DEBTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DISPOSITION s DISTRICT s DISTRICTS s DIVIDENDS s DUE DEBT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EFFICIENT USE s EFFICIENT USE OF PUBLIC RESOURCES s EXCESS REVENUES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE ASSIGNMENTS s EXPENDITURE CEILINGS s EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s EXPENDITURE POLICIES s EXPENDITURE POLICY s EXPENDITURE PROGRAMS s EXPENDITURES s FEDERAL AUTHORITIES s FEDERAL DEBT s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SPECIALIST s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL PERFORMANCE s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL PROJECTIONS s FISCAL REPORTING s FISCAL STABILITY s FISCAL TRANSPARENCY s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s INFLATION s INTEREST RATES s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT CAPITAL s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT SPENDING s ISSUANCE s JUDGMENT s JUDICIARY s LAWS s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGAL REQUIREMENT s LEGISLATION s LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT s LEVELS OF DEBT s LIABILITY s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN REPAYMENTS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL REVENUE s LONG-TERM DEBT s LOTTERY s MACROECONOMIC FORECASTS s MEDIUM TERM FISCAL FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM APPROACH s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORKS s MEDIUM-TERM FISCAL s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s NATIONAL BUDGET s NEGOTIATIONS s NET TRANSFERS s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OVERDUE DEBT s PEER REVIEW s PENSIONS s POLICY DECISION s POLICY DOCUMENT s POLICY OBJECTIVES s POLICY OUTCOMES s POLICY PRIORITIES s PRINCIPAL REPAYMENTS s PROVINCE s PROVINCE TO PROVINCE s PROVINCES s PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATIONS s PROVINCIAL BORROWING s PROVINCIAL BUDGETS s PROVINCIAL COUNCILS s PROVINCIAL DEBT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PROVINCIAL LEVELS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC DOMAIN s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FUND s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SERVICE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVE s RESERVE FUNDS s RESERVES s RETURNS s REVENUE ESTIMATES s REVENUE PROJECTIONS s REVENUE SHARING s REVENUE SHORTFALL s REVENUE-RAISING MEASURES s SALARY s SALE OF ASSETS s SOLVENCY s STATE BUDGET s SUB-NATIONAL s SUB-NATIONAL DEBT s SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUBNATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL AUTHORITIES s SWAP s TAX s TAX BASE s TAX CREDITS s TAX DEFERRALS s TAX EXPENDITURE s TAX EXPENDITURES s TAX LIABILITY s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX SHARING s TAX SHARING ARRANGEMENTS s TAX TREATMENT s TITLE s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPARENCY CODE s TRANSPORT s TREASURY English en_US This Policy Note is designed to inform the Government of Vietnam and National Assembly (notably the Committee on Finance and Budgetary Affairs, CFBA) discussions on the revision of the State Budget Law (SBL) (2002) by drawing on good international practices in budget management. It is part of the World Bank s ongoing policy dialogue with and advice to the Government and the National Assembly on revisions to the SBL (2002). The SBL (2002) has provided a strong basis for regulating Public Finance Management (PFM) in Vietnam since 2004, when the Law became effective. It has helped the government to allocate and spend public resources in an effective manner, thereby contributing to delivery of important public service outcomes. The SBL (2002), however, needs to be revised to enhance Vietnam s fiscal regulatory framework and accountability. The Policy Note covers seven broad areas including: (i) the coverage and layout of the SBL (2002); (ii) the budget framework for fiscal policy making; (iii) budget approval processes at the National Assembly and Provincial People s Councils; (iv) specific budget classification and definition issues; (v) intergovernmental fiscal relations; (vi) budget execution, accounting, reporting and audit; and (vii) extra-budgetary activities. The issues in the Policy Note were prioritized based on earlier discussions with representatives from the Government, National Assembly, and local authorities, and views expressed at the CFBA and United Nations international conference on SBL (2002) revision held in Ninh Binh at the end of September 2013 40 17-11-21 00:18:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869368 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20795 Volltext, Open Access

1759724793

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:54.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724793 OCoLC 1255596142 WBOKR 20794 EBP 064564940 KEP 064564940 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20794 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India Development Update, October 2014 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESS TO BANK s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s AIR s AIRPORTS s ASSET QUALITY s ASSET RECONSTRUCTION s AUCTION s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK CREDIT s BANK PROFITABILITY s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR ASSETS s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIS POINTS s BENCHMARK STOCK s BOND s BOND ISSUANCES s BOND MARKETS s BORROWING COSTS s BOTTLENECKS s BOURSES s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL OUTLAY s CASH MANAGEMENT s CASH RESERVE s CASH RESERVE RATIO s CENTRAL BANK s CHECKS s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPLIANCE COSTS s CONSUMER DURABLES s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE DEBT s COUPONS s CREDIT GROWTH s CROSSING s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT INSTRUMENTS s DEBT MARKET s DEBT OBLIGATION s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEFAULTER s DEFAULTERS s DEFAULTS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIESEL s DOMESTIC MARKET s DRIVERS s DURABLES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY MARKETS s EXCHANGE BOARD s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTERS s EXTERNAL DEBT s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTORS s FREIGHT s FUEL s FUEL PRICE s FUEL PRICES s FUEL SUBSIDIES s GLOBAL MARKET s GLOBAL TRADE s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BOND YIELDS s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEFICIT s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s HIGH-SPEED TRAINS s HOLDING s IMPORT COSTS s INCOME GROWTH s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE BONDS s INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INLAND WATERWAYS s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTEREST EXPENSE s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE DIFFERENTIAL s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s INVESTOR BASE s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s ISSUANCES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIABILITY s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT s LIQUIDITY RATIO s LOAN s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DISTORTIONS s MARKET INTEGRATION s MARKET PRICES s MARKET REGULATOR s MARKET STRUCTURE s MATURITY s MICRO INSURANCE s MONETARY POLICY s MORAL HAZARD s MUTUAL FUNDS s NEGATIVE SHOCK s OIL PRICES s OPEN MARKET s OVERDRAFT FACILITY s OVERNIGHT REPO s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PENSIONS s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s POLLUTION s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO FLOWS s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS s PRICE OF DIESEL s PRIORITY SECTOR LENDING s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE PLACEMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS s PUBLIC SPENDING s RAILWAY s RAILWAYS s REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s REAL INTEREST RATES s REGULATORY AUTHORITIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REMITTANCES s REPO s REPO RATE s RESERVE s RESERVE BANK s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESERVES s RESETTLEMENT s RETAIL INVESTORS s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s ROAD s ROADS s ROLLING STOCK s SAFETY s SANITATION s SECURITIES s SECURITIES LAW s SECURITY INTEREST s SHAREHOLDER s SHORT-TERM DEPOSITS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SOVEREIGN DEBT s SPOT MARKET s STATUTORY LIQUIDITY s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKETS s STOCKS s STRATEGIC INVESTORS s SWAP s SWAPS s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX REVENUE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERM DEPOSITS s TOLLS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSIT s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT s TRANSPORTATION s TRUCKS s VEHICLES s WAREHOUSE s WEALTH English en_US Growth rebounded significantly due to strong industrial recovery aided by growth in investment and exports. Capital flows are back, signaling growing investor confidence, as inflation has moderated from double digits, exchange rate has stabilized, and financial sector stress has plateaued. Monetary policy continuity has been maintained and there has been some progress on fiscal consolidation. With the economy still below potential and reform momentum picking up, growth is expected to strengthen over the medium-term. Inflation is expected to decline with monetary policy switching to inflation targeting while the current account deficit is expected to widen somewhat as import demand and capital inflows rise. Fiscal consolidation is expected to continue through stronger revenue mobilization. Downside domestic risks can be offset through accelerated structural reforms 40 17-11-21 00:18:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869376 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20794 Volltext, Open Access

1759724807

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:54.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724807 OCoLC 1255595103 WBOKR 20688 EBP 064564932 KEP 064564932 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20688 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Turkey’s Transitions Integration, Inclusion, Institutions World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Turkey s ACCOUNTABILITY s ADVANCED COUNTRIES s ADVANCED ECONOMIES s BALANCE SHEET s BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS s BANKING REGULATION s BANKING RESTRUCTURING s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BARRIER s BINDING CONSTRAINTS s BUSINESS APPLICATIONS s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS REGULATION s BUSINESS REGULATIONS s BUSINESS SECTOR s CAPITAL BASE s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s CIVIL LIBERTIES s CLOSED ECONOMY s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s COMPETITIVE MARKETS s CONNECTIVITY s CREATION OF JOBS s CURRENCY s CUSTOMS UNION s DEBT s DEBT SERVICE s DECENTRALIZATION s DEMOCRACIES s DEMOCRACY s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEREGULATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME s DIVIDEND s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKETS s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC PRICES s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC STRUCTURE s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKETS s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY RESOURCES s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EXCHANGE RATE s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTRABUDGETARY FUNDS s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL INTEGRATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL POLICY s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN FINANCING s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN MARKETS s FOREIGN TRADE s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL EXPORT s GLOBAL EXPORTS s GLOBAL INVESTOR s GLOBALIZATION s GOVERNANCE INDICATORS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSING s HOUSING PROVISION s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INEQUALITY s INFANT MORTALITY s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT s INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS s INSURANCE s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s JOB CREATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LAWS s LEGISLATION s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIBERALIZATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET PERFORMANCE s MARKET REGULATION s MARKET REGULATIONS s MARKET SHARE s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MIGRATION s MOBILE PHONE s MONETARY AUTHORITIES s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MONOPOLIES s MORAL HAZARD s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NEW MARKETS s NONBANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s PENSIONS s PER CAPITA INCOME s PER CAPITA PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s POLITICAL DEBATE s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS s POLITICAL POWER s PORTFOLIO s POWER PARITY s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROTECTION TO INVESTORS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC HOUSING s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SECTOR GOVERNANCE s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s RED TAPE s REGULATOR s REGULATORS s REGULATORY AGENCIES s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY INSTITUTIONS s REMOTE REGIONS s RENEWABLE ENERGY s REPUTATION s RETIREMENT s RISK TAKING s RULE OF LAW s SAVINGS s SECURITY ARRANGEMENTS s SHAREHOLDERS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL OUTCOMES s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s STATE BANKS s STATE ENTERPRISES s TAX s TAX RATES s TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE s TRACK RECORD s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TREASURY s URBAN SERVICES s URBANIZATION s VERTICAL INTEGRATION s VOLATILITY s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s WORLD ECONOMY s WORLD TRADE s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUTH English en_US Turkey has always been a country of strategic significance. Its geographic position as a bridge between East and West, its long and unique history of relations with the European Union (EU), and the particular rout the Republic of Turkey chose towards modernization after its foundation in 1923 have attracted the attention of historian and political scientists a like. More recently, Turkey’s economic success has become a source of inspiration for a number of developing countries, particularly – but no only – in the Muslim world. Over the last two years, however, questions have emerged over the lessons to be drawn from Turkey’s experience. Economic growth has come down to a modest 3-4% range - from well over 5% during 2002-2011 - and risks related to the country’s large external financing needs have not been banished. Critics have raised questions over the strength of Turkey’s legal and economic institutions, and economists are concerned that Turkey may remain ‘trapped’ in its current middle income status. This publication is addressed to policy makers both from other emerging markets and from Turkey itself. To the former, if offers lessons in how Turkey progressed towards international integration and increased social inclusion. To the latter, it offers a narrative of the country’s achievements and remaining challenges that may help define the reform agenda going forward 40 17-11-21 00:18:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869384 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20688 Volltext, Open Access

1759724815

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:54.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724815 OCoLC 1255596156 WBOKR 20692 EBP 064564924 KEP 064564924 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20692 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Implementation of Treasury Single Account and Strengthening of Cash Management in Vietnam World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ACCESS TO BANK s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s AGGREGATE CONTROL s ALLOCATION s ANALYTICAL CAPACITY s APPROPRIATION s APPROPRIATIONS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s BALANCE SHEET s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK BRANCH s BANK BRANCHES s BANK DEPOSIT s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK PAYMENT s BANKING SYSTEM s BENEFICIARY s BOOK ENTRY s BORROWING COST s BORROWING COSTS s BORROWING PLANS s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CONTROL s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION s BUDGET LAW s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET MANAGEMENT PROCESS s BUDGET OPERATIONS s BUDGETARY CONTROL s BUDGETARY FUNDS s BUDGETARY OPERATIONS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CASH BALANCE s CASH BALANCES s CASH BASIS s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CASH HOLDINGS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CASH POSITION s CASH TRANSACTIONS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BUDGET s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE PAY s CLEARING HOUSE s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COLLECTED REVENUES s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK BRANCH s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COST RECOVERY s COSTS OF GOVERNMENT s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISK EXPOSURE s CURRENCY s CUSTODY s DATA ENTRY s DEBT ISSUANCE s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT PAYMENT s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT SERVICING COSTS s DEBT STOCK s DEDICATED REVENUE s DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT SECURITIES s DOMESTIC FINANCIAL ASSETS s DOMESTIC SECURITY s EFFICIENCY GAINS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL FINANCE s FINANCIAL ASSET s FINANCIAL ASSET MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL BALANCE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL OPERATIONS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL RISK s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FISCAL DATA s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL POLICIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN TRADE s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS s GOVERNMENT BANK s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEPOSITS s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT FINANCE STATISTICS s GOVERNMENT FINANCES s GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH INSURANCE FUND s HOLDING s IDLE CASH s IMPLICIT GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST COST s INTEREST INCOME s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s LIABILITY s LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS s LIQUIDITY PROBLEMS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MARKET INTEREST RATES s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL SECURITY s NET BORROWING s PAYMENT PROCESSING s PAYMENT SERVICES s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PAYMENT TRANSACTIONS s PROMISSORY NOTE s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR SPECIALIST s REFORM PRIORITIES s REFORM PROCESS s REGULAR PAYMENT s RESERVE s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESERVES s REVENUE SHARING s RISK MANAGEMENT s SECONDARY MARKET s SECURITIES s SERVICE PROVISION s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT SYSTEM s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE FUND s STATE BANK s STATE BUDGET s STATE TREASURY s STOCKS s SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s T-BILLS s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX COLLECTION s TAX PAYMENTS s TAX SHARING s TAXPAYERS s TERM DEPOSITS s TOTAL DEBT s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COST s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURIES s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s TREASURY MANAGEMENT s TREASURY REFORMS s TREASURY STAFF s TREASURY SYSTEM s TYPES OF REVENUE s VALUE PAYMENT SYSTEM s VARIABLE COST s WITHDRAWAL English en_US Vietnam has made progress to improve oversight and control over cash balances for the state budget. The current arrangement however falls short of a treasury single account (TSA), which has led to inefficiencies in the management of cash balances and higher than necessary borrowing costs. In response to this, the Government of Vietnam has embarked on reforms to adopt a TSA and strengthen overall cash management. This policy note provides a review of progress in implementing a TSA system in Vietnam, the remaining challenges and obstacles, and how to overcome these for further TSA and cash management reforms. It is the product of ongoing discussions between the World Bank and the Ministry of Finance. Part A gives background and motivation; part B provides an overview of the state treasury system in Vietnam; part C reviews the progress in establishing a TSA, including against benchmarks of international good practice, and makes recommendations for priority next steps; and part D concludes with a review of cash management functions 40 17-11-21 00:18:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869392 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20692 Volltext, Open Access

1759724823

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:54.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724823 OCoLC 1255595049 WBOKR 20694 EBP 064564916 KEP 064564916 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20694 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Sub-National Spending in Timor-Leste Lessons from Experience World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Timor-Leste s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY ARRANGEMENTS s ALLOCATION s ALLOCATION OF FUNDS s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL CYCLE s ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITIES s BID s BIDS s BLOCK GRANTS s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET YEAR s BUDGETING s BUDGETING PROCESS s CAPITAL BUDGET s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL PLANNING s CAPITAL SPENDING s CAPITALIZATION s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL CONTROL s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s CENTRAL TREASURY s COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVE PROCUREMENT s COMPETITIVE TENDER s CONSOLIDATION s COST ESTIMATES s DECENTRALIZATION s DISBURSEMENTS s DISTRIBUTIONAL EQUITY s DISTRICT s DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION s DISTRICT ADMINISTRATIONS s DISTRICT ADMINISTRATOR s DISTRICT BUDGET s DISTRICT INVESTMENT s DISTRICT LEVEL s DISTRICT LEVELS s DISTRICT OFFICIALS s DISTRICTS s DONOR FUNDING s DUE CAUTION s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EX ANTE CONTROLS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE PRIORITIES s EXPENDITURES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL MARKETS s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT POLICY s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ASSETS s INVESTMENT BUDGETING s INVESTMENT EXPENDITURES s INVESTMENT SPENDING s LABOR MARKET s LIABILITY s LICENSES s LOCAL ADMINISTRATION s LOCAL BUSINESS s LOCAL CAPACITY s LOCAL ECONOMY s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL INVESTMENT s NATIONAL PRIORITIES s NATIONAL STATISTICS s NATURAL DISASTERS s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s PAYMENT DELAYS s PEER REVIEW s PENSION s PENSIONS s PERFORMANCE MEASURES s POLICY OBJECTIVES s POLICY PRIORITIES s POLITICAL ECONOMIES s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL STABILITY s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SPENDING s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROGRAM MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC s PUBLIC AUTHORITIES s PUBLIC EXPECTATIONS s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT PROGRAMS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT SPENDING s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR SPENDING s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s PUBLIC WORKS PROJECTS s QUALITY ASSESSMENTS s QUALITY OF ASSETS s REFERENDUM s ROADS s SAVINGS s SECTOR POLICY s SERVICE FACILITIES s SETTLEMENT s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SUB-NATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL s SUBSIDIARY s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s TOTAL SPENDING s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPARENT PROCEDURES s TRANSPORT s TREASURIES s TREASURY FUNCTION s UNCERTAINTY s UTILITIES s VILLAGE s WAGE INCOME s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY English en_US This Policy Note distils the findings and recommendations of a Study, jointly undertaken by the World Bank and the Government of Timor-Leste, that evaluates the mechanisms used by the Government to manage sub-national spending in recent years: i) the Local Development Program (Programa Dezenvolvimentu Lokal, PDL), underway since 2004; and ii) the Referendum Package (Pakote Referendum, PR), initiated in 2009, and progressively refined as the Decentralized Development Program (Programa de Dezenvolvimentu Desentralizadu, PDD) since 2010. The Study assesses how these programs have performed in respect of a number of key government policy priorities and draws conclusions and lessons for the future. It adopts a dynamic approach, so as to adequately acknowledge and account for how shifts in the government s policy priorities over time, in response to the changing context, were reflected in the institutional arrangements that govern sub-national spending 40 17-11-21 00:18:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869406 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20694 Volltext, Open Access

1759724831

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:54.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724831 OCoLC 1255595105 WBOKR 20693 EBP 064564908 KEP 064564908 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20693 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tunisia Breaking the Barriers to Youth Inclusion World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Tunisia s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ADMINISTRATIVE REGIONS s ADULTHOOD s AGE GROUPS s BASIC EDUCATION s CAPACITY BUILDING s CITIES s CITIZENSHIP s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY LIFE s CULTURAL BARRIERS s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s DECISION MAKING s DIGNITY s DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN s DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH s DOMESTIC POLITICS s DROPOUT s DROPOUT RATES s DROPOUTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL POLICIES s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS s EQUAL ACCESS s EQUAL OPPORTUNITY s ESSENTIAL SKILLS s FAMILIES s FAMILY FORMATION s FEMALE s GENDER s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER DISCRIMINATION s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER GAPS s GENDER INEQUALITIES s GIRLS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTHY LIFESTYLES s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RIGHTS s INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION s INTERVENTIONS s JOURNALISTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LEARNING s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGAL RIGHTS s LEGAL STATUS s LEGAL SUPPORT s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIFE SKILLS s LITERACY s LITERACY RATES s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL DEVELOPMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MALE YOUTH s MIGRANTS s NATIONAL DIALOGUE s NATIONAL DIGNITY s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL LEVELS s NATIONAL POLICY s NATIONAL YOUTH COUNCILS s NATIONAL YOUTH POLICIES s NATIONAL YOUTH POLICY s NEIGHBORHOODS s NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS s OLDER MEN s PARTICIPATION IN DECISION s POLICY DIALOGUE s POLICY LEVEL s POLICY MAKERS s POLITICAL PARTICIPATION s POLITICAL PARTIES s POLITICAL RIGHTS s POPULATION ESTIMATES s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIVATE LIFE s PROGRESS s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC LIFE s PUBLIC OPINION s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPHERE s QUALITY EDUCATION s RADIO s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s REGIONAL DISPARITIES s REGIONALISM s RELIGIOUS GROUPS s RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS s RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS s RESPECT s RURAL AREAS s RURAL YOUTH s RURAL YOUTH EMPLOYMENT s SCHOOL LEAVERS s SCHOOL LEVELS s SCHOOL SYSTEM s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY DEGREE s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOLING s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SELF-ESTEEM s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SKILLS TRAINING s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SOCIAL CHANGE s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL EXCLUSION s SOCIAL JUSTICE s SOCIAL MOBILIZATION s SOCIAL NORMS s SOCIAL RESEARCH s SOCIAL SCIENCE s SOCIAL SCIENCES s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SKILLS s SPOUSE s STUDENT PARTICIPATION s SUBCULTURES s TEACHERS s TELEVISION s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TRADE UNIONS s TV s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN WOMEN s URBAN YOUTH s VILLAGES s VIOLENCE s WAGES s WORKFORCE s WORKING CONDITIONS s WORLD POPULATION s YOUNG AGES s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNG PERSON s YOUNG WOMEN s YOUNG WORKERS s YOUNGER WOMEN s YOUTH s YOUTH ADVOCACY s YOUTH CULTURE s YOUTH DEVELOPMENT s YOUTH EMPLOYMENT s YOUTH INITIATIVES s YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS s YOUTH PARTICIPATION s YOUTH POLICIES s YOUTH POLICY s YOUTH SERVICES s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT s YOUTH VOLUNTEERS s YOUTH-FRIENDLY SERVICES English en_US The report is organized along the different dimensions of youth inclusion. Chapter two investigates voice and participation of young Tunisians, and identifies both constraints and opportunities for their engagement in civic and political life. Chapter three highlights available economic opportunities for young Tunisians and presents the state of employment and entrepreneurship, including informal work, as well as gender and regional disparities, and relevant socioeconomic and educational data. Chapter four discusses economic exclusion through unemployment and inactivity, and highlights the severity of the situation faced by young Tunisians that are not in education, employment or training (NEET). Chapter five discusses programs and services relevant to employment, for example, the Active Labor Market Programs (ALMPs) and, including the programs' quality and impact. Chapter six presents conclusions and recommendations, recognizing the need to address the interrelatedness of the different dimensions by combining a strong focus on inclusive youth policy and institutions with a call for youth participation in decision-making 40 17-11-21 00:18:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869414 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20693 Volltext, Open Access

175972484X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:54.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972484X OCoLC 1255594853 WBOKR 20743 EBP 064564894 KEP 064564894 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20743 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Can Tho, Vietnam Enhancing Urban Resilience World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s Disaster risk management s Eenrgy s Municipal finance s Social protection s Transportation s Urban planning s Water and sanitation English en_US Cities are vulnerable to many types of shocks and stresses, including natural hazards like storms and sea level rise, but also man-made ones like economic transformation and rapid urbanization. These shocks and stresses have the potential to bring city systems to a halt and reverse years of socio-economic development gains. Cities that are to grow and thrive in the future must take steps to address these shocks and stresses. Simply put, a resilient city is one that can adapt to these types of changing conditions and withstand shocks while still providing essential services to its residents. A resilient city can keep moving toward its long-term goals despite the challenges it meets along the way. The residents of Can Tho are familiar with challenges the city is dealing with chronic seasonal flooding, periodic flood disasters, riverbank erosion, saltwater intrusion, possible land subsidence, economic transition, and rapid urbanization. The city is also aware of challenges that lay on the horizon like sea level rise, a labor force that is unprepared for high technology industry, and an urban population that expects high-quality urban infrastructure and services from its government. These challenges are interlinked encroachment on canals and riverbeds increases flood risk, while flooding and rampant growth impacts the safety and quality of life in urban areas 40 17-11-21 00:18:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869422 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20743 Volltext, Open Access

1759724858

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:54.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724858 OCoLC 1255595076 WBOKR 20768 EBP 064564886 KEP 064564886 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20768 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bosnia and Herzegovina Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe and Central Asia s BUDGET PLANNING s FISCAL POLICY COORDINATION s GOVERNMENT FUNCTIONS s INDIRECT TAXATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s TIMELY BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION English en_US The fiscal system in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) is highly decentralized, reflecting the provisions of the country s constitution. The general government sector consists of four relatively autonomous units: BiH Institutions, Brcko District (DB), and two Entities, Federation Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH) and Republican Srpska (RS). BiH Institutions are at the central government level (governed by the BiH Council of Ministers); and each Entity has its own government, extra-budgetary funds (EBFs), and local self-governance units. The structure in FBiH has 10 cantons that serve as a middle level of government between the government of FBiH and local self-governance units, and each canton has its own government and some EBFs. Cantons were not covered by this Report, but could be covered later as a sub-national PEFA assessment. A Fiscal Council was created in 2008, with the objective to coordinate fiscal policies for the sake of common interest of BH Institutions, Entities and Brcko District. For the most important role of fiscal coordination, preparing the Global Framework of the Fiscal Balance and Policy, in practice the Fiscal Council decides on revenues from indirect taxation and the budget of BiH Institutions, thereby creating preconditions for budget planning at lower level of governments, which are responsible for over 90 percent of public expenditures. Given that key government functions (social policy, subsidies, education, etc), are performed at sub-national level, timely decision making on BiH Institutions revenues from indirect taxes is important in enabling timely implementation of their respective budgets 40 17-11-21 00:18:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869430 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20768 Volltext, Open Access

1759724866

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:54.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724866 OCoLC 1255595124 WBOKR 20761 EBP 064564878 KEP 064564878 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20761 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rwanda Technical Assessment on a Proposed Credit World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Rwanda s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING SYSTEM s ADMINISTRATIVE DECENTRALIZATION s ALLOCATION s ANALYSIS OF TRENDS s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL BUDGET PROCESS s ANNUAL REPORT s APPROPRIATION s ARTICLE s AUDIT INSTITUTIONS s AUDITOR GENERAL s AUDITORS s BUDGET ACCOUNTS s BUDGET CLASSIFICATION s BUDGET CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM s BUDGET CYCLE s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET FORMULATION s BUDGET FRAMEWORK s BUDGET INFORMATION s BUDGET MANAGERS s BUDGET OUTTURNS s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET STRUCTURE s BUDGET SYSTEM s BUDGETARY IMPACT s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CASH BASIS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT MINISTRIES s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE REFORMS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s DEBT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DECENTRALIZATION PROGRAM s DECENTRALIZATION STRATEGY s DECISION-MAKERS s DECISION-MAKING s DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES s DISCRETIONARY REVENUES s DISTRICT s DISTRICT COUNCILS s DISTRICT LEVEL s DISTRICTS s DOMESTIC REVENUE s DONOR FINANCING s ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC POLICY s EFFICIENT USE s EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s EXPENDITURE PROGRAM s EXPENDITURE RESPONSIBILITIES s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL AUDIT s EXTERNAL AUDITS s EXTERNAL DEBT s FIDUCIARY ASSESSMENT s FIDUCIARY RISK s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL CAPACITY s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL RISK s FISCAL SPACE s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL TRANSFERS s FOREIGN GRANTS s FORWARD ESTIMATES s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT FINANCE STATISTICS s GOVERNMENT MINISTRIES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH RATE s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL REVENUE s LOCAL REVENUE MOBILIZATION s MASTER PLAN s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE PLAN s MEDIUM-TERM FISCAL s MEDIUM-TERM FISCAL FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM PLAN s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL SECURITY s NATIONAL STRATEGY s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE s OUTCOME INDICATORS s OUTCOME TARGETS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PETTY CORRUPTION s POLICY ANALYSIS s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY FORMULATION s POLICY PRIORITIES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION SUPPORT s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT SYSTEMS s PROGRAM EXPENDITURE s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRAM RESULTS s PROGRAM STRUCTURE s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY s PUBLIC ACCOUNTS s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC ENTITIES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT REFORM s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT PROGRAMMING s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC PROVISION s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING s PUBLIC SERVICE s REFORM OBJECTIVES s REFORM PROGRAM s REFORM STRATEGY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s REVENUE AUTHORITY s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE SOURCES s SECTOR PROGRAMS s SERVICE DELIVERY s STATE BUDGET s STRATEGIC PLANS s SUB-NATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BASE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX EXPENDITURES s TAX PAYERS s TAX POLICIES s TAX POLICY s TAX REFORMS s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX SYSTEM s TAX SYSTEMS s TAXPAYERS s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY MANAGEMENT English en_US The Public Financial Management (PFM) Sector Strategic Plan (SSP) identifies key challenges and proposes solutions in each program that are translated into a foundation for defining sector priorities and outcomes through FY2017-18. Improving coherence between national strategies, the Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF), and the annual budget process has been identified as an area for improvement under the first program, on economic planning and budgeting. In the second program, on resource mobilization, key challenges are inadequate resource mobilization, resulting in aid dependency at the national level and lack of discretionary revenues at the subnational level. Across the PFM sector, particularly under program 7, on PFM sector and coordination, capacity and skill shortages are identified as key bottlenecks. Capacity and skill shortages are more pronounced at the subnational level, especially on core PFM areas such as accounting, auditing, budgeting, and reporting. NISR made significant progress in the quality, timeliness, and dissemination of data, mainly in the social and demographic domain, under the first National Strategy for Development of Statistics, or NSDS (2009-14). The overarching objectives of NSDS 2 are to produce relevant, reliable, and timely statistics to monitor the progress of EDPRS 2 and to strengthen the NSS 40 17-11-21 00:18:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869449 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20761 Volltext, Open Access

1759724874

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:54.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724874 OCoLC 1255595006 WBOKR 20760 EBP 06456486X KEP 06456486X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20760 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rwanda Fiduciary Assessment on a Proposed Credit World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Rwanda s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING SYSTEM s ACCRUAL BASIS s AGENCY OPERATIONS s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL BUDGET PREPARATION s ANNUAL BUDGET PROCESS s ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s ANNUAL REVENUE s ANTI-CORRUPTION s APPROPRIATIONS s ARTICLE s AUDITOR GENERAL s AUTHORITY s AUTHORIZATION s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CLASSIFICATION s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET EXPENDITURE s BUDGET FORMULATION s BUDGET HOLDERS s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET MANAGERS s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET PREPARATION PROCESS s BUDGET PROPOSALS s BUDGET TRANSFERS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CASH BALANCES s CASH BASIS s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOW STATEMENT s CASH MANAGEMENT s CASH PLAN s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE REFORMS s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION PROGRAM s DECISION-MAKING s DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES s DISTRICTS s DIVISION OF RESPONSIBILITIES s ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICY s ESTIMATES OF EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE ALLOCATIONS s EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL AUDIT s EXTERNAL AUDITORS s EXTERNAL AUDITS s FIDUCIARY ASSESSMENT s FIDUCIARY RISK s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL PROPOSALS s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FISCAL ANALYSIS s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL RISK s FISCAL TRANSFERS s FOREIGN GRANTS s GENERAL BUDGET SUPPORT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT FINANCE STATISTICS s GOVERNMENT MINISTRIES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS s GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH INSURANCE s HUMAN RESOURCE s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INVESTMENT BUDGET s LINE-ITEM LEVEL s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM GOALS s MEDIUM-TERM PLAN s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MISAPPROPRIATION s MONETARY UNION s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL SECURITY s NATIONAL STRATEGY s NATIONS s NET REVENUE s ORGANIC BUDGET LAW s OVERSIGHT BODIES s OVERSIGHT FUNCTION s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT s PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s PETTY CORRUPTION s POLICY FORMULATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POVERTY REDUCTION SUPPORT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT FUNCTION s PROCUREMENT POLICY s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENT SYSTEMS s PROGRAM CLASSIFICATIONS s PROGRAM EXPENDITURE s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRAM OBJECTIVES s PROGRAM RESULTS s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY s PUBLIC ACCOUNTS s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC ENTITIES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE TRACKING s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCE INFORMATION s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT PROGRAMMING s PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT SYSTEM s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING s PUBLIC SERVICE s QUALITY ASSURANCE s REFORM EFFORTS s REFORM STRATEGY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s SECTOR PROGRAMS s SERVICE DELIVERY s STATE BUDGET s STRATEGIC PLANS s STRATEGIC PRIORITIES s SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTIONS s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX POLICY s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY MANAGEMENT English en_US A fiduciary assessment for the Rwanda Public Sector Governance PforR was carried out, taking into account recent PFM diagnostic reports and meetings and discussions with key officials in the proposed implementing agencies and other stakeholders. The assessment followed the Draft Guidance Notes on PforR Operations and requirements of OP/BP 9.00, Program for Results. The assessment used the four pillars approach of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Development Assistance Committee (OECD-DAC) to define the inherent risks in the procurement environment. In line with the Sector Board s practices manual, the potential FM risks for the various PFM elements are rated as low (L), modest (M), substantial (S), or high (H). The assessment is also mindful of the gaps that may exist between form (policies, laws, structures, instructions/manuals) and actual functionality or practices of the PFM system. Mitigation measures are proposed to reinforce the government s PFM reform efforts. Critical measures are included in the PAP 40 17-11-21 00:18:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869457 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20760 Volltext, Open Access

1759724882

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:54.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724882 OCoLC 1255595068 WBOKR 20765 EBP 064564851 KEP 064564851 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20765 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Critical Administrative Constraints to Service Delivery Improving Public Services in Afghanistan's Transformational Decade World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Afghanistan South Asia s ABSENTEEISM s ABUSE s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO RESOURCES s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY FRAMEWORK s ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE ARRANGEMENTS s ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE s ALLOCATION s ASSETS s BASIC SERVICES s BEST PRACTICES s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET EXPENDITURE s BUDGET OPERATIONS s BUDGET PLAN s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET STRUCTURE s BUDGET SUPPORT s BUREAUCRACY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CITIZEN s CIVIL SERVANT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY LEADERS s COMMUNITY MEMBERS s CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES s CORRUPT s COST ESTIMATES s DATA ANALYSIS s DATA AVAILABILITY s DATA COLLECTION s DATA COLLECTION PROCESS s DECISION-MAKING s DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES s DISCRETION s DISCRETIONARY PROGRAMS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION BUDGET s EDUCATION EXPENDITURES s EXERCISES s EXPENDITURE DATA s EXPENDITURES s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT ENTITIES s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH CLINICS s HEALTH DEPARTMENTS s HEALTH MANAGEMENT s HEALTH MINISTRY s HEALTH POLICY s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HEALTH WORKERS s HOSPITAL SERVICES s HOSPITALS s IMMUNIZATION s IMMUNODEFICIENCY s INCOME s INFORMATION FLOWS s INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES s INTEGRITY s INTERNATIONAL AID s INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERVENTION s INVESTIGATION s LAWS s LOCAL GOVERNANCE s MAINTENANCE BUDGET s MEASURABLE INDICATORS s MEDICINES s MILITARY EXPENDITURES s MINISTER s MINISTERS s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MORTALITY s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL FRAMEWORK s NATIONAL GOVERNANCE s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL PRIORITY s OUTCOME DATA s OUTCOME INDICATORS s OUTPUT DATA s PATIENT s PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENTS s POOR PERFORMANCE s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT LAW s PROCUREMENT POLICY s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRAM OBJECTIVES s PROGRAM OPERATIONS s PROGRAMS s PROVINCIAL EDUCATION s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PROVISION OF EDUCATION SERVICES s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REQUIREMENTS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE TRACKING s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC POLICY OBJECTIVES s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC REVENUE s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTORS s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICE PROVIDERS s PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF SERVICES s QUANTITATIVE DATA s REFORM AGENDA s REFORM PROCESS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPRESENTATIVE BODIES s SALARY PAYMENTS s SCHOOL MANAGEMENT s SECTOR MANAGERS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE FACILITIES s SERVICE FACILITY s SERVICE PROCEDURES s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE STANDARDS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s STRATEGIC PRIORITIES s TRANSPARENCY s URBANIZATION English en_US Since 2001, the Afghan population's access to basic services has greatly improved in nearly all sectors. School enrolment has increased sharply, with over eight million children currently enrolled in school, of which 39 percent are girls. Current strategies for improving sub-national service delivery focus on delegating greater authority to provincial and district administrations. This report aims to identify administrative constraints in three key sectors of public service delivery, education, health and agricultural extension services. The analysis follows the service delivery chain, from central to provincial, through district to community level, and is particularly concerned to examine service delivery in these three sectors through the window of sub-national governance and its relations to the service delivery mandates of line ministries. The study provides the Government of Afghanistan with recommendations on how to alleviate critical constraints to service delivery at sub-national levels on a sustainable basis, in the context of an expected restrained fiscal future. The report's main findings are based on qualitative research. The key findings are based on existing literature and reports as well as field visits to 5 provinces and 10 districts and qualitative analyses of over 171 key-informant interviews on different levels of service delivery administration, 68 in-depth interviews with community leaders, and a community household survey in 20 communities spread over 5 provinces and 55 service facilities (for example, schools and clinics) were assessed. The report is split into six sections: section one gives executive summary; section two provides a brief introduction to the study objectives and clarifies some key definitions; section three outlines the methods used to perform the analysis; sections four, five, and six provide in-depth discussions of education, health, and agriculture extension respectively; and section seven provides recommendations and concludes. The over-arching governance structures and further methodological details are given in appendix one. All references and research tools are presented in annexes 40 17-11-21 00:18:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869465 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20765 Volltext, Open Access

1759724890

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:54.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724890 OCoLC 1255594999 WBOKR 20780 EBP 064564843 KEP 064564843 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20780 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kazakhstan Agricultural Insurance Feasibility Study, Volume 2. Annexes World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s ACTUAL YIELDS s AGENTS s AGRIBUSINESS s AGRICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE SCHEME s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE SCHEMES s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE SYSTEM s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL RISK s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURE s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL CROPS s APPLICATIONS s AQUACULTURE s AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL s AVERAGE YIELDS s BASIS RISK s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPS s CATASTROPHE REINSURANCE s CATASTROPHE RISK FINANCING s CEREALS s CLIMATE s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s COINSURANCE s COMMERCIAL FARMERS s COMMERCIAL INSURANCE s COMMODITY s COMPENSATION s COMPULSORY INSURANCE s COOPERATIVES s COTTON s COVERAGE s CROP s CROP AREA s CROP DAMAGE s CROP FAILURE s CROP HUSBANDRY s CROP INSURANCE s CROP INSURANCE PREMIUM s CROP INSURANCE PRODUCT s CROP INSURANCE PROGRAM s CROP INSURANCE SCHEME s CROP LOSS s CROP LOSSES s CROP OUTPUT s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s CROP RISK s CROP SEASON s CROP TYPE s CROP YIELD s CROP YIELDS s CROPS s DISASTERS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC THEORY s EXCESS OF LOSS REINSURANCE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXTREME DROUGHT s FAMILY FARMS s FAO s FARM s FARMER ASSOCIATIONS s FARMS s FEASIBILITY s FIELD CROPS s FINANCIAL CHALLENGES s FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS s FINANCIAL DATA s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL LOSS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FOOD CROPS s FOOD SECURITY s FRUIT CROPS s GRAIN s GRAIN CROPS s GRAIN FARMING s GRAIN PRODUCTION s GRAINS s GRAZING s GROUP INSURANCE s GROWING SEASON s HORTICULTURAL CROPS s HUSBANDRY s INCOME s INDEMNITY s INNOVATION s INSPECTIONS s INSURANCE ASSOCIATION s INSURANCE ASSOCIATIONS s INSURANCE CLAIMS s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE COVER s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE LAW s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURANCE POLICY s INSURANCE POOLS s INSURANCE PORTFOLIO s INSURANCE PREMIUM RATES s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE REGULATOR s INSURANCE RESERVES s INSURANCE SECTOR s INSURANCE SYSTEM s INSURERS s INTERNATIONAL REINSURANCE s LAYERING s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES s LIVESTOCK GRAZING s LIVESTOCK INSURANCE s LOSS RATIO s MARGINAL FARMERS s MEAT s MORAL HAZARD s MULTIPLE PERIL CROP INSURANCE s MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANIES s NON-LIFE INSURANCE s OILSEED CROPS s OILSEEDS s POLICY MAKERS s POLICYHOLDERS s POOR FARMERS s PORTFOLIO s PRELIMINARY ESTIMATES s PREMIUMS s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PRIVATE INSURANCE COMPANIES s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s PROGRAMS s PROPORTIONAL REINSURANCE s QUOTA SHARE REINSURANCE s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REINSURANCE s REINSURANCE AGREEMENT s REINSURANCE CONTRACT s REINSURANCE MARKETS s REINSURERS s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK TRANSFER s SALVAGE s SAVINGS s SCENARIOS s SEED s SINGLE CROP s SMALL FARMER s SMALL FARMERS s SOILS s SOLVENCY s SOLVENCY REQUIREMENTS s SOWING s SPRING s SPRING WHEAT s STOP LOSS REINSURANCE s TOTAL COST s UNCERTAINTIES s UNDERWRITING s UNDERWRITING STANDARDS s WHEAT PRICES s YIELD LOSS s YIELDS English en_US Agriculture is a very important socioeconomic sector in Kazakhstan. The Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan (GRK) introduced a national compulsory crop insurance scheme in 2005 in order to provide grain producers and other farmers with a minimum level of protection against catastrophic climatic events. The overall objective of the current study is to assist the GRK in improving the existing mandatory crop insurance program. The study aims to identify sustainable market-based alternatives to the current crop insurance system in Kazakhstan. In this regard, all of the options for improving the current system that were developed under this study are market based and take into account global experience and the best insurance and reinsurance industry practices for agricultural insurance. The study follows the principles established in the agriculture risk management framework developed by the World Bank. The study focuses mainly on spring wheat crop production in the principal growing regions of Kazakhstan. The study is set out in six chapters. Chapter one gives introduction and objectives of the study. Chapter two presents an overview of agricultural production systems and markets in Kazakhstan, followed by an assessment of the climatic hazards and other risks affecting spring wheat in the country s main crop areas. Chapter three reviews the structure and performance of the current mandatory crop insurance system in Kazakhstan and identifies a series of institutional, operational, technical, and financial drawbacks of the current system. Chapter four presents a phased strategy and a series of options and recommendations for the GRK to consider for the introduction of market based solutions that aim to strengthen the current scheme. Chapter five explores the opportunities for developing new crop insurance products in Kazakhstan, including prefeasibility analyses for area-yield index insurance (AYII), weather index insurance (WII), and named-peril hail insurance for selected rayons. Finally, chapter six deals with the challenges of tailoring crop insurance to the needs of lower-income smaller farmers 40 17-11-21 00:18:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869473 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20780 Volltext, Open Access

1759724904

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:54.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724904 OCoLC 1255597976 WBOKR 20779 EBP 064564835 KEP 064564835 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20779 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kazakhstan Agricultural Insurance Feasibility Study, Volume 1. Main Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s ACTUAL YIELDS s AGENTS s AGRIBUSINESS s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE SCHEME s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE SCHEMES s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE SYSTEM s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL RISK s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE SECTOR s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL CROPS s AQUACULTURE s AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL s AVERAGE YIELDS s BASIS RISK s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPS s CATASTROPHE REINSURANCE s CATASTROPHE RISK FINANCING s CEREALS s CLIMATE s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s COINSURANCE s COMMERCIAL FARMERS s COMMERCIAL INSURANCE s COMMODITY s COMPENSATION s COMPULSORY INSURANCE s COOPERATIVES s COST OF REINSURANCE s COTTON s COVERAGE s CROP s CROP AREA s CROP DAMAGE s CROP FAILURE s CROP HUSBANDRY s CROP INSURANCE s CROP INSURANCE PREMIUM s CROP INSURANCE PRODUCT s CROP INSURANCE PROGRAM s CROP INSURANCE SCHEME s CROP LOSS s CROP LOSSES s CROP OUTPUT s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s CROP RISK s CROP SEASON s CROP YIELD s CROP YIELDS s CROPS s DISASTERS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC THEORY s EXCESS OF LOSS REINSURANCE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXTREME DROUGHT s FAMILY FARMS s FARM s FARMER s FARMER ASSOCIATIONS s FARMS s FEASIBILITY s FIELD CROPS s FINANCIAL CHALLENGES s FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS s FINANCIAL DATA s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL LOSS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISHERIES s FOOD CROPS s FOOD SECURITY s FRUIT CROPS s GRAIN s GRAIN CROPS s GRAIN FARMING s GRAINS s GRAZING s GROUP INSURANCE s GROWING SEASON s HORTICULTURAL CROPS s HUSBANDRY s INCOME s INDEMNITY s INNOVATION s INSPECTIONS s INSURANCE ASSOCIATIONS s INSURANCE CLAIMS s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE CONTRACT s INSURANCE COVER s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURANCE POLICY s INSURANCE POOLS s INSURANCE PREMIUM RATES s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURANCE PRODUCT s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE REGULATOR s INSURANCE RESERVES s INSURANCE SECTOR s INSURANCE SYSTEM s INSURERS s INTERNATIONAL REINSURANCE s LABOR FORCE s LAYERING s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES s LIVESTOCK GRAZING s LIVESTOCK INSURANCE s LOSS RATIO s MARGINAL FARMERS s MEAT s MORAL HAZARD s MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANIES s NON-LIFE INSURANCE s NONPROPORTIONAL REINSURANCE s OILSEED CROPS s OILSEEDS s POLICY MAKERS s POLICYHOLDERS s POOR FARMERS s PORTFOLIO s PRELIMINARY ESTIMATES s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PRIVATE INSURANCE COMPANIES s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s PROGRAMS s PROPORTIONAL REINSURANCE s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REINSURANCE s REINSURANCE AGREEMENT s REINSURANCE MARKETS s REINSURERS s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK TRANSFER s SALVAGE s SAVINGS s SCENARIOS s SEED s SINGLE CROP s SMALL FARMER s SMALL FARMERS s SOILS s SOLVENCY s SOLVENCY REQUIREMENTS s SOWING s SPRING s SPRING WHEAT s TOTAL COST s TRANSACTION COSTS s UNCERTAINTIES s UNDERWRITING s UNDERWRITING STANDARDS s VEGETATION s YIELD LOSS s YIELDS English en_US Agriculture is a very important socioeconomic sector in Kazakhstan. The Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan (GRK) introduced a national compulsory crop insurance scheme in 2005 in order to provide grain producers and other farmers with a minimum level of protection against catastrophic climatic events. The overall objective of the current study is to assist the GRK in improving the existing mandatory crop insurance program. The study aims to identify sustainable market-based alternatives to the current crop insurance system in Kazakhstan. In this regard, all of the options for improving the current system that were developed under this study are market based and take into account global experience and the best insurance and reinsurance industry practices for agricultural insurance. The study follows the principles established in the agriculture risk management framework developed by the World Bank. The study focuses mainly on spring wheat crop production in the principal growing regions of Kazakhstan. The study is set out in six chapters. Chapter one gives introduction and objectives of the study. Chapter two presents an overview of agricultural production systems and markets in Kazakhstan, followed by an assessment of the climatic hazards and other risks affecting spring wheat in the country s main crop areas. Chapter three reviews the structure and performance of the current mandatory crop insurance system in Kazakhstan and identifies a series of institutional, operational, technical, and financial drawbacks of the current system. Chapter four presents a phased strategy and a series of options and recommendations for the GRK to consider for the introduction of market based solutions that aim to strengthen the current scheme. Chapter five explores the opportunities for developing new crop insurance products in Kazakhstan, including prefeasibility analyses for area-yield index insurance (AYII), weather index insurance (WII), and named-peril hail insurance for selected rayons. Finally, chapter six deals with the challenges of tailoring crop insurance to the needs of lower-income smaller farmers 40 17-11-21 00:18:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869481 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20779 Volltext, Open Access

1759724912

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:55.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724912 OCoLC 1255598085 WBOKR 20670 EBP 064564827 KEP 064564827 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20670 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kazakhstan Growth Slows as External Pressures Rise Kazakhstan Economic Update, Fall 2014 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s ASSET HOLDINGS s ASSET POSITION s AUCTIONS s BAILIFFS s BALANCE OF PAYMENT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK CREDIT s BANK LOANS s BANK RATE s BANKING CRISIS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BINDING CONSTRAINT s BONDS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGETING s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH TRANSACTIONS s CENTRAL BANK s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL CODE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONSUMER DURABLES s CONSUMER LOANS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT RISKS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CUSTOMS UNION s DEBT s DEBT SERVICE s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITS s DERIVATIVE s DEVALUATION s DEVALUATIONS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISBURSEMENTS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DOMESTIC BONDS s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC FINANCIAL MARKETS s DURABLE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN s ECONOMIC TRANSACTIONS s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEMAND s EXTERNAL POSITION s EXTERNAL PRESSURES s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FINANCIAL ASSET s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL POSITION s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED INTEREST s FIXED INTEREST RATE s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY EXPOSURES s FOREIGN CURRENCY LOANS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s GEOPOLITICAL TENSIONS s GLOBAL DEMAND s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL INTEGRATION s GLOBAL MARKETS s GLOBAL TRADE s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDING s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPLICIT GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s IMPORTS s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME TAX s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE DIFFERENTIAL s INTEREST RATE DIFFERENTIALS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT ACTIVITY s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT FINANCING s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s INVESTOR PROTECTION s ISSUANCE s JUDICIAL PROCESSES s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s JUSTICE SYSTEM s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LENDER s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LENDERS s LIABILITY s LINE OF CREDIT s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RISKS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOAN APPLICATION s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOCAL CURRENCY s LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET DEVELOPMENTS s MARKET EFFICIENCY s MARKET INSTRUMENTS s MARKET INTEREST RATES s MARKET SIZE s MATURITY s MONETARY AUTHORITIES s MONETARY AUTHORITY s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s MORTGAGE s NATIONAL BANK s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OIL ECONOMY s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OIL REVENUE s OPEN MARKET s PAYMENT SERVICES s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s POLICY RESPONSE s POLICY RESPONSES s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PURCHASING POWER s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL WAGE GROWTH s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPO s REPO MARKET s REPO RATE s REPO RATES s RESERVE s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK FACTORS s RULE OF LAW s SAFER ASSETS s SAFETY NET s SAVINGS ACCOUNT s SPOT PRICES s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCKS s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUPPLY-SIDE s SWAP s SWAPS s TAX s TAX CODE s TAX INCENTIVES s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE SURPLUS s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER s WEALTH EFFECT s WEIGHTS s WITHDRAWAL s WORKING CAPITAL s WORLD TRADE English en_US Kazakhstan is experiencing slower economic growth in 2014 due to negative supply- and demand-side effects. The Kazakh authorities are using expansionary fiscal and monetary policies to stimulate domestic demand. An uncertain global economic environment and regional geopolitical tensions pose risks to the economic outlook of Kazakhstan. If the economic slowdown starts to have a negative effect on the labor market, the government has instruments to mitigate its impact on the most vulnerable population. The government has identified a set of reforms that are expected to help diversify the economy and expand the non-oil sector. They have launched a major program of support for the development of small- and medium-sized enterprises, including by addressing the constraints related to access to credit. They are also working to improve the national regulatory and governance framework that will enhance the transparency and efficiency of economic transactions, facilitate private sector participation, and improve service delivery to the population. Ongoing reforms in customs administration and the courts are part of its reform agenda 40 17-11-21 00:18:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986949X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20670 Volltext, Open Access

1759724920

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:55.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724920 OCoLC 1255598602 WBOKR 20756 EBP 064564819 KEP 064564819 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20756 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kosovo Public Finance Review Fiscal Policies for a Young Nation World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kosovo s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL BUDGET s APPROPRIATIONS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANKING SYSTEM s BARRIERS TO GROWTH s BASELINE SCENARIO s BASIC NEEDS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CAPITAL SPENDING s CAPITAL STOCK s CASH PAYMENTS s CASH RESERVES s CENTRAL BANK s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s CORRUPTION s COST ESTIMATE s CURRENCY s DEBT LEVELS s DEFICIT FINANCING s DEFICITS s DEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION s DEPOSITS s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DONOR SUPPORT s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EDUCATION EXPENDITURES s EDUCATION FUNDS s EDUCATION LEVELS s EDUCATION QUALIFICATIONS s EDUCATION SPENDING s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EFFICIENCY OF PUBLIC SPENDING s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYERS s ENROLLMENT s EQUIPMENT s EVASION s EXCESS SUPPLY s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE ALLOCATIONS s EXPENDITURES s EXPROPRIATIONS s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILIES s FINANCE MINISTRY s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL IMPACT s FISCAL PERFORMANCE s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT BANK s GOVERNMENT GRANTS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROUPS OF PEOPLE s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE PROGRAM s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH FINANCING s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH INSURANCE FUND s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SPENDING s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME GROUP s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL BORROWING s INTERNATIONAL DEBT s INTERNATIONAL DEBT MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s KEY CHALLENGES s LABOR FORCE SURVEY s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LEGAL TENDER s LICENSES s LIQUIDITY s LONG-TERM DEBT s MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY FUND s MUNICIPALITIES s NATURAL DISASTER s NET LENDING s NET REVENUE s NET SPENDING s NUTRITION s OBSTACLES TO GROWTH s PENSION s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME TAX s PERSONAL INCOME TAXES s PHYSICAL CAPITAL s PORTS s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PREMIUM PAYMENTS s PRIMARY DEFICITS s PRIVATE FINANCING s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PRIVATIZATION s PROPERTY TAX s PROPERTY TAX COLLECTION s PROPERTY TAXES s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT STOCK s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC INTEREST s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR SPENDING s PUBLIC SERVANTS s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s RATES OF RETURN s RECEIPTS s RECESSION s REGISTRATION FEES s REMITTANCES s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE GROWTH s REVENUE PERFORMANCE s REVENUE POLICY s REVENUE SOURCES s RISK ASSESSMENTS s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROADS s SAVINGS s SHAREHOLDERS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL WELFARE s STATE GUARANTEE s TARIFF REVENUE s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BENEFITS s TAX COLLECTION s TAX EVASION s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX LAW s TAX POLICY s TAX RATES s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX STRUCTURE s TAX SYSTEM s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s TOTAL PUBLIC SPENDING s TOTAL TAX REVENUE s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNION s URBAN AREAS s USER CHARGES s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS English en_US Kosovo is Europe s youngest country, both in terms of history and demographics. As part of the former Yugoslavia, Kosovo became a separate territory under United Nations administration in 1999, and declared its independence in 2008. By February 2014 it had been recognized by 106 UN member states including 23 out of 28 EU members. Kosovo is a potential candidate for European Union (EU) membership and is currently negotiating a Stabilization and Association Agreement (SAA) with the European Commission. From 1999 Kosovo has been using the Deutsche Mark and, since 2002, its successor currency, the Euro, as legal tender. Kosovo is a landlocked country in South East Europe (SEE) with about 1.8 million inhabitants and a large migrant population based mainly in Western European countries. Kosovo has taken great strides to rebuild an economy destroyed by the collapse of Yugoslavia and the 1998-99 war, with sound fiscal numbers and budgets focused on capital expenditure. In general, Kosovo s headline macroeconomic indicators are also relatively sound. Growth has averaged over 4 percent since 2000 and remained positive after 2008 during the global crisis years. Household survey evidence for 2006-11 suggests that economic growth benefitted all sections of society but the poorest 40 percent of the population saw consumption rise faster than wealthier groups. Public and private investments have made large contributions toward economic growth over the last five years as efforts to rebuild the economy continued 40 17-11-21 00:18:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869503 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20756 Volltext, Open Access

1759724939

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:55.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724939 OCoLC 1255598764 WBOKR 20665 EBP 064564800 KEP 064564800 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20665 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Cash Management Reform in Indonesia Making the State Money Work Harder Indonesian Ministry of Finance VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Jakarta 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK s AMORTIZATION s ANNUAL BORROWING PLAN s APPROPRIATIONS s ARREARS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK OFFICE s BANKING SERVICES s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKING SYSTEMS s BENEFICIARIES s BONDS s BORROWING COSTS s BORROWING STRATEGIES s BORROWING STRATEGY s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CASH ACCOUNT s CASH ACCOUNTS s CASH BALANCE s CASH BALANCES s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOW ANALYSIS s CASH FLOW PLANNING s CASH FLOWS s CASH INFLOWS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CASH OUTFLOWS s CASH RESERVES s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT FINANCING s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CORRUPTION s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT RISK s CS s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT INSTRUMENT s DEBT ISSUANCE s DEBT LEVEL s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MARKET s DEBT POLICY s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT SOURCES s DEBTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICIT FINANCING s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPMENT BANKS s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC BOND s DOMESTIC BOND MARKET s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC DEBT s ECONOMIC ASSUMPTIONS s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ELECTRONIC BANKING s ELECTRONIC FUND s ELECTRONIC PAYMENTS s EMPLOYEE s EQUITY PARTICIPATION s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTRABUDGETARY FUNDS s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL APPLICATION s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL REGULATIONS s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCING COSTS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL POLICY s FUND MANAGER s GEOGRAPHICAL SPREAD s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNT s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS s GOVERNMENT BANK s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS SETTLEMENT SYSTEM s HOLDING s ID s INFORMATION SHARING s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS s INTEREST COSTS s INTEREST RATE s INVESTING s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s ISSUANCE OF TREASURY BILLS s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LIABILITY s LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s LICENSES s LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET INSTRUMENTS s MARKETING STRATEGY s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s MONEY MARKETS s NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s PAYMENT ORDER s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PHYSICAL CAPITAL s PORTFOLIO s PRIVATE FINANCIAL SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATIZATION s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s RECEIPT s RECEIPTS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCE s RETURN s RETURNS s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE SHARING s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s SAVINGS s SECURITIES ISSUANCE s SETTLEMENT s SHORT-TERM LENDING s SHORT-TERM LIQUIDITY s SLR s SOCIAL SECURITY s SPECIAL FUNDS s STATE LIABILITIES s STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES s STATUTORY LIQUIDITY s STOCK EXCHANGE s STRUCTURE OF GOVERNMENT s SURPLUS FUNDS s TAX s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TIMELY PAYMENT s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TREASURY s TRUST FUND s UNION English en_US During the last decade, a body of common practices has emerged among developing countries on the legal, institutional and procedural foundations to support efficient cash management. These common practices have been reviewed and documented in guidance notes and publications on international practices issued by multilateral institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB), and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Additionally, frequent peer-to-peer exchanges of experiences between countries have resulted in the continued evolution of cashmanagement practices to leverage improvements in data management, ICT and banking systems. The first part of this chapter examines international practices with regard to setting the objectives, as well as the legislative and institutional arrangements for cash management. It details the objectives and principles of cash management, its links with policy issues, information technology needs, incentives and sanctions to promote implementation, and the sequencing of the reform. The second part of the chapter describes Indonesia s experience with setting the objectives and institutional arrangements related to cash management, and with sequencing of the cash management reform. The concluding part describes the remaining challenges and suggests the way forward 40 17-11-21 00:18:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869511 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20665 Volltext, Open Access

1759724947

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:55.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724947 OCoLC 1255598176 WBOKR 20666 EBP 064564797 KEP 064564797 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20666 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Croatia Justice Sector Public Expenditure and Institutional Review Resourcing the Justice Sector for Efficiency and Performance World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Croatia Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO JUSTICE s ADJUDICATION s ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE s ADMINISTRATIVE COURTS s ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS s ADVISORS s ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION s APPLICATION SOFTWARE s ATTORNEYS s BAILIFF s BAILIFFS s BANKRUPTCY s BAR ASSOCIATIONS s BASIC s BUDGET LAW s CASE BACKLOGS s CASE LAW s CASE MANAGEMENT s CIVIL STATUS s CODES s COMMERCIAL COURTS s COMPUTERIZATION s CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT s CONSTITUTIONAL COURT s CORRUPTION s COUNSEL s COURT s COURT ADMINISTRATION s COURT BUILDINGS s COURT OPERATIONS s COURT PROCEEDINGS s COURTHOUSES s COURTS s CRIME s CRIMINAL s CRIMINAL CASES s CUSTODY s EQUIPMENT s EU s FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS s HARDWARE s HUMAN RIGHTS s INFORMATICS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTERCONNECTIVITY s JUDGE s JUDGES s JUDGMENTS s JUDICIAL BODIES s JUDICIAL EFFICIENCY s JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS s JUDICIAL PROCESS s JUDICIAL REFORM s JUDICIAL SERVICES s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s JUDICIARY s JURISDICTION s JUSTICE s JUVENILE JUSTICE s KIOSKS s LAWS s LEGAL AID s LEGAL INFORMATION s LEGAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS s LEGAL PROFESSION s LEGAL REPRESENTATION s LEGISLATION s LITIGATION s MEDIATION s NETWORKS s NOTARIES s OUTSOURCING s POLICE s PRISON s PRISONS s PROBATION s PROCUREMENT s PROFESSIONALS s PROGRAMMING s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROSECUTORS s REGISTERS s SERVER s SERVERS s SYSTEM DESIGN s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s UTILITIES s WEBSITE s WEBSITES s WILL s WITNESS s WORKSTATIONS English en_US Croatia, the newest member-state of the European Union (EU), undertook significant justice reforms during the last decade. Many were part of its justice-related EU accession process, including the enactment and implementation of new laws and amendment of others, improved case management and enforcement and computerization of land registers. Benchmarking Croatia's justice sector indicates that it compares well with other European countries on several aspects of performance including resource indicators important for a functioning justice sector. However, the positive achievements and the deployment of significant resources have been offset by less-than-expected levels of overall performance, with high and growing demand for justice services facing an inadequate supply response. This report tries to lift the veil on the reasons behind justice sector underperformance despite relatively adequate budgetary allocations, comparatively high staffing levels, and a dense network of courts and prosecution offices. It provides a snapshot of Croatia's justice sector and of different aspects of its performance. It reviews the evolution of and trends in justice sector expenditures. It gives an assessment of sector expenditure management policies and practices. The report examines demand and supply issues in depth, juxtaposing data on caseloads, case disposals, and expenditures to identify implications for efficiency improvements. The report uses a supply-demand approach to assess the real challenges to improving sector performance, focusing on resource management, and allocation issues on the supply side and on case inflow on the demand side 40 17-11-21 00:18:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986952X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20666 Volltext, Open Access

1759724955

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:55.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724955 OCoLC 1255598850 WBOKR 20767 EBP 064564789 KEP 064564789 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20767 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Land Governance in South Sudan Policies for Peace and Development World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa South Sudan s ACCESS TO LAND s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY s AGRICULTURE s ALLOCATION OF LAND s CAPACITY BUILDING s CITIES s COMMON PROPERTY s COMMUNAL GRAZING LAND s COMPENSATION s CONFLICT RESOLUTION MECHANISMS s CONSTRUCTION s DEVOLUTION s DWELLING s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s ECONOMIC STABILITY s ELECTRICITY s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s EXTERNALITIES s FISHERIES s FOREST s HABITAT s HOUSING s INCOME s INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL MAP s IRRIGATION s LAND ADMINISTRATION s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND GRABBING s LAND LEASE s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND MARKET s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND PRICES s LAND RIGHTS s LAND SETTLEMENT s LAND SPECULATION s LAND TAXATION s LAND TENURE s LAND TENURE RIGHTS s LAND USE s LAND USE PLANNING s LAND USE RESTRICTIONS s LAND USES s LANDS s LEVIES s LICENSES s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL LEVEL s NATURAL RESOURCES s PARTNERSHIP s PASTORALISTS s PASTURE s POLITICAL AUTHORITY s POPULATION DENSITY s PRIVATE LAND s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROPERTY OWNERSHIP s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROPERTY TAXES s PROPERTY VALUE s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC LAND s PUBLIC PROVISION s PUBLIC SPACES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESETTLEMENT s RESIDENTIAL AREAS s RIVER s ROADS s ROUTE s ROUTES s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL POPULATION s SCHOOLS s SETTLEMENTS s STATE GOVERNMENT s STATE GOVERNMENTS s STATE OWNERSHIP s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX RATES s TAXATION s TOWN PLANNING s TOWNS s TRANSPARENCY s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN COMMUNITIES s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN LAND s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN SETTLEMENTS s URBANIZATION s UTILITIES s WASTE s ZONING English en_US South Sudan is a new country of 10.5 million people that has just emerged from conflict and still facing challenges with recovery and development. Although economic disparities, political exclusion and deprivation in the distribution of political and economic power between the northern and southern parts of then united Sudan were often tendered as the proximal causes of the conflict, at the center of the prolonged civil war was the struggle for ownership, control and use of land resources. The tool underpinning this report is the Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF), a diagnostic instrument for rapid evaluation of various aspects of land governance. LGAF was developed through a collaborative effort between the World Bank, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), UN Habitat, International Fund for Agriculture Development (IFAD), the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and the African Union (AU) 40 17-11-21 00:18:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869538 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20767 Volltext, Open Access

1759724963

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:55.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724963 OCoLC 1255598657 WBOKR 20668 EBP 064564770 KEP 064564770 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20668 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Afghanistan Economic Update, October 2014 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Afghanistan South Asia s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ADVICE TO GOVERNMENT s ADVISORY SERVICES s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL SECTORS s AGRICULTURE s ARREARS s ASSET PRICES s AUCTIONS s AUDITS s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK FINANCING s BANKING SECTOR s BROAD MONEY s BUSINESS CONFIDENCE s CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL RATIOS s CASH BALANCES s CENTRAL BANK s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER CONFIDENCE s CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION s CONSUMPTION LEVELS s CORRUPTION s CREDITS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s DECISION MAKING s DEMAND DEPOSITS s DEMAND FOR MONEY s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DISABLED s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC DOWNTURN s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC SECTOR WORK s EMPLOYMENT s ENROLLMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTER s EXPORTS s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL TRADE s FAMILIES s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCING NEEDS s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED INVESTMENTS s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENTS s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH PROJECTIONS s GROWTH RATE s GUARANTEE AGENCY s HOUSING s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME s INFLATION s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INVENTORIES s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACTIVITY s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s JOB CREATION s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE s LOAN s M2 s MACROECONOMICS s MANDATES s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET PENETRATION s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MICROFINANCE s MIGRATION s MOBILE PHONE s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY GROWTH s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEW ENTRANTS s OUTREACH s PENSIONS s PLEDGES s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PROFITABILITY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s REAL ESTATE s REAL GDP s REAL SECTOR s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s REGULATORY CAPITAL s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVE s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s SUPPLY CHAIN s TAX s TAX COMPLIANCE s TAX REVENUES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELEPHONE NETWORKS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRANSPORT s TRUST FUND s UNDERLYING PROBLEMS s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s VALUE ADDED s VOLATILITY s WAGES s WEAK ENFORCEMENT English en_US Economic growth, down sharply in 2013 to 3.7 percent (estimated), has slowed further to 1.5 percent (projected) in 2014, from 9.4 percent per year during 2003-12. Uncertainty since 2013 over the political and security transition has been compounded by the protracted elections impasse in 2014. Investor and consumer confidence have slumped and led to a sharp reduction of new investment commitments in the non-agriculture sectors. Agricultural production has been robust in 2013-14, but flat from the record levels of 2012. Afghanistan faces a deteriorating fiscal crisis in 2014, with declining revenues leading to an unfinanced fiscal gap, depleted cash reserves, and accumulating arrears. Domestic revenues have continued to weaken, with the authorities anticipating revenues of Afs 105 billion ($1.82 billion) or 8.7 percent of GDP for fiscal 2014. This would represent a further decline from revenues of 9.7 percent of GDP in 2013, itself down from a peak of 11.6 percent in 2011. While the economic slowdown is part of the explanation, increasing weaknesses in tax and customs compliance are a large part of the problem. Even with austerity measures, the unfinanced fiscal gap is estimated at about $500 million for 2014. While part of this could be financed from cash balances, it is estimated that at least $300 million in additional financing will be needed for 2014 to cover civilian salaries, pensions, and critical operating and development spending. This will need to be accompanied by serious reforms to improve revenues. Addressing Afghanistan's formidable development challenges will require reforms in three areas: (i) restoring fiscal stability; (ii) restoring confidence and creating private-sector jobs; and (iii) strengthening social cohesion and service delivery. Above all, high level commitment to tackle corruption and strengthen governance across the board will be critical 40 17-11-21 00:18:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869546 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20668 Volltext, Open Access

1759724971

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724971 OCoLC 1255598436 WBOKR 20675 EBP 064564762 KEP 064564762 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20675 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Energy Efficiency in Russia Untapped Reserves International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Russian Federation s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s AIR QUALITY STANDARDS s ANNUAL COSTS s ANNUAL EMISSIONS s APPROACH s ATMOSPHERE s AVAILABILITY s AVERAGE TEMPERATURE s BARREL OF OIL s BARRIERS TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY s CALCULATION s CAPACITY UTILIZATION s CARBON s CARBON CREDITS s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON EMISSIONS s CEMENT s CH4 s CHEMICALS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE POLICY s CLIMATES s CO s CO2 s COAL s COAL GENERATION s COAL TECHNOLOGIES s COMBUSTION s CONSUMER BEHAVIOR s CRUDE OIL s CRUDE PRODUCTION s DEMAND FOR PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT s DISTRIBUTION LOSSES s DOMESTIC GAS s DOMESTIC SUPPLY s DOMESTIC USE s DROUGHT s DRY NATURAL GAS s EFFICIENCY POTENTIAL s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRIC UTILITIES s ELECTRICAL GENERATION s ELECTRICAL GENERATION CAPACITY s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CAPACITY s ELECTRICITY COMPANY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS REDUCTION s EMPLOYMENT s END-USE s ENERGY BALANCE s ENERGY CONSUMERS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY COST SAVINGS s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY STANDARDS s ENERGY EXPENDITURE s ENERGY INDUSTRY s ENERGY INTENSIVE s ENERGY LOSS s ENERGY MANAGEMENT s ENERGY MARKETS s ENERGY MIX s ENERGY NEEDS s ENERGY OUTLOOK s ENERGY POLICY s ENERGY PRICE s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY RESOURCES s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SECURITY s ENERGY SERVICE s ENERGY SERVICE COMPANY s ENERGY STRATEGY s ENERGY SUPPLY s ENERGY SYSTEMS s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY s EVAPORATION s FERROUS METALS s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FLOODS s FOREST s FOREST FIRES s FORESTRY s FORESTS s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUEL COMBUSTION s FREEZE s FROST s FUEL s FUEL EFFICIENCY s FUEL PRODUCTION s FUELS s GAS CONSUMPTION s GAS DELIVERIES s GAS FIELDS s GAS FLARING s GAS FLARING REDUCTION s GAS MARKET s GAS PIPELINES s GAS PRICE s GAS PRICES s GAS SECTOR s GAS SUPPLY s GENERATING CAPACITY s GHG s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GLOBAL WARMING s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GASES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH RISKS s HEAT s HEAT GENERATION s HEAT SUPPLY s HEATING ENERGY s HEAVY INDUSTRY s HIGH ENERGY INTENSITY s HOUSEHOLD ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s HUMAN HEALTH s HYDROMETEOROLOGY s IMPROVEMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY s IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY s INCOME s INDUSTRIAL BOILERS s INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION s INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY s INVESTMENT IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY s INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY s IRON s KILOWATT-HOUR s KILOWATT-HOUR OF ELECTRICITY s KILOWATT-HOURS s LONG-TERM FINANCING s METHANE s MORTALITY RATES s NATIONAL EMISSIONS s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION s NATURAL GAS IMPORTS s NATURAL GAS PRODUCTION s NATURAL GAS USE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET OIL s NEW PLANTS s NITROGEN s NITROGEN COMPOUNDS s NOX s OIL s OIL COMPANY s OIL EQUIVALENT s OIL EQUIVALENTS s OIL EXPORTERS s OIL EXPORTS s OIL IMPORTS s OIL OUTPUT s OIL PRODUCTION s OIL REFINERIES s OIL WELLS s PARTICULATE s PARTICULATE EMISSIONS s PENALTIES s PER CAPITA INCOME s PERFORMANCE STANDARD s PETROCHEMICALS s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM GAS s PIPELINE s PM10 s POLLUTANTS s POLLUTION s POWER s POWER GENERATION s POWER PLANT s POWER SECTOR s POWER STATION s POWER STATIONS s PP s PRECIPITATION s PRIMARY ENERGY s PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION s RAW MATERIALS s REBATES s REDUCING ENERGY CONSUMPTION s REDUCTION IN CARBON s REFINED PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS s RESIDENTIAL CONSUMERS s RESIDENTIAL ENERGY s RESIDENTIAL HOUSING s ROAD TRANSPORT s SO2 s SOLID FUELS s SOX s SPACE HEATING s SULFUR s SUPPLY SIDE s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s VALUE OF ENERGY s VEHICLES s WATER HEATING s WORLD ENERGY s WORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK pha English en_US This report was designed to provide senior Russian policymakers with a comprehensive and practical analysis of energy efficiency in Russia: potential, benefits, and recommendations on how to fully tap into this resource. Shortly after his inauguration, President Medvedev made several public statements identifying Russia s inefficient use of energy, and the associated economic and ecological consequences, as one of the most pressing problems facing the nation. He has called for an action plan to halve Russia s energy intensity by 2020. The goal of this report is to make a significant contribution toward developing such a plan 40 17-11-21 00:18:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869554 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20675 Volltext, Open Access

175972498X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:55.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972498X OCoLC 1255598633 WBOKR 20669 EBP 064564754 KEP 064564754 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20669 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bangladesh Development Update, October 2014 Zahid Hussain VerfasserIn aut Nadeem Rizwan VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Bangladesh South Asia s ASSET QUALITY s ASSET VALUE s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s BALANCE OF PAYMENT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK FINANCING s BANK RATE s BANKING ASSETS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIS POINTS s BILL s BINDING CONSTRAINT s BLUE CHIP s BONDS s BROAD MONEY s BUDGET DEFICIT s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL BASE s CAPITAL MARKET s CASH FLOW s CASH RESERVE s CASH RESERVE RATIO s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER INFLATION s CONSUMPTION DEMAND s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDITORS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s DEBT MARKETS s DEFICIT FINANCING s DEFICITS s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEMAND FOR GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC BANK s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC MARKET s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING ECONOMY s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY INVESTMENT s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXCESS SUPPLY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE APPRECIATION s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORTER s EXPORTERS s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL DEBT s FAIR VALUE s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATE s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN FINANCING s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HOLDING s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPORTS s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INTANGIBLE s INTANGIBLE ASSETS s INTEREST COSTS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE SPREADS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BORROWING s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL PRICE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT FLOWS s INVESTMENT RATE s INVESTMENT RATES s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR STANDARDS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDER s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LENDERS s LENDING DECISIONS s LEVEL OF RISK s LIABILITY s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN CLASSIFICATION s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET RISKS s MARKET SHARE s MATURITIES s MIDDLEMEN s MOBILE PHONE s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY TARGETS s NATIONAL SAVINGS s NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s PERSONAL INCOME s POLITICAL STABILITY s POLITICAL TURMOIL s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTIES s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s POPULATION GROWTH s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE CREDIT GROWTH s PRIVATE EQUITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PUBLIC BANKS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PURCHASING POWER s REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s REGULATORY CAPACITY s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPO s RESERVE ACCUMULATION s RESERVE MONEY s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RESERVES s RETURN s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAFETY NET s SHORTFALL s SHORTFALLS s SOLVENCY s STATE BANKS s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKETS s STOCKS s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUPPLY CONDITIONS s SUPPLY DISRUPTIONS s T-BILLS s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX EXEMPTION s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TRADE CREDIT s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE UNION s TRADE UNIONS s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s TRUST FUND s TRUST FUNDS s TURNOVER s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UPWARD PRESSURE s VALUATION s WARRANTS English en_US Progress on reducing extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity through human development and employment generation has continued. This needs to be further consolidated in the near-term by sustaining Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and remittances growth recovery, creating jobs, containing inflation, and making progress on improving the quality of service delivery in health and education. To sustain growth in the near- and medium-term, private investments need to increase significantly. At the same time, the quality of public investment needs to be substantially enhanced to alleviate the infrastructure constraints on private investments and to expand service delivery. Moving forward in the immediate future, stronger attention is needed to (a) swiftly complete the transition in the garment industry, (b) finish the critical ongoing road development projects, (c) enact the Public Private Partnership (PPP) law, and (d) award contracts to build Special Economic Zones (SEZs) 40 17-11-21 00:18:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869562 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20669 Volltext, Open Access

1759724998

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:55.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759724998 OCoLC 1255598865 WBOKR 20776 EBP 064564746 KEP 064564746 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20776 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO How Can Bulgaria Improve Its Education System? An Analysis of PISA 2012 and Past Results World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Bulgaria Europe and Central Asia s ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ADMISSION POLICIES s ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK s AVERAGE SCORE s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC READING s BETTER LEARNING s BETTER SCHOOLS s CHILD DEVELOPMENT s CLASS SIZE s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM ENVIRONMENT s CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT s CLASSROOMS s COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s COMPULSORY EDUCATION s COURSE CONTENT s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION MAKING s DEGREES s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS s DISCIPLINES s DROPOUT RATE s DROPOUT RATES s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION AUTHORITIES s EDUCATION ECONOMICS s EDUCATION FOR ALL s EDUCATION MANAGEMENT s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION STUDENTS s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS s EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES s EDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE s EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH s EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES s EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS s EFFECT ON STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s ELITE SCHOOLS s END OF GRADE s ETHNIC GROUPS s ETHNIC MINORITIES s EXAM s EXAMS s FORMAL SCHOOLING s FUNCTIONALLY ILLITERATE s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER GAP s GENERAL EDUCATION s GIRLS s GRADUATION RATE s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE s HIGH SCHOOL s HUMAN CAPITAL s INDEXES s INSTRUCTION s INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS s INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ASSESSMENT s INTERVENTIONS s KINDERGARTEN s LABOR MARKET PARTICIPATION s LEARNING s LEARNING ENVIRONMENT s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LIBRARIES s LINGUISTIC MINORITIES s LINGUISTIC MINORITY s LITERACY s LITERATURE s LIVING STANDARDS s LOWER SECONDARY s MATH SCORES s MATH SKILLS s MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS s MATHEMATICS s MEASURING EDUCATION QUALITY s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s OLD STUDENTS s PAPERS s PARENTAL EDUCATION s PEDAGOGY s PERFORMANCE IN MATH s PREPRIMARY EDUCATION s PRESCHOOL EDUCATION s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY EDUCATION PROGRAM s PRIMARY GROSS ENROLLMENT s PRIMARY GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PRIVATE SCHOOL s PRIVATE TUTORING s PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s PROFICIENCY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF LIFE s QUALITY OF PERFORMANCE s QUALITY PRESCHOOL s QUALITY PRESCHOOL EDUCATION s READERS s READING s READING ACHIEVEMENT s READING SKILLS s REASONING s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DISPARITIES s RURAL LOCATIONS s RURAL STUDENTS s SALARY INCREASES s SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION s SCHOOL AUTONOMY s SCHOOL BOARDS s SCHOOL CLIMATE s SCHOOL COMMUNITY s SCHOOL DROPOUT s SCHOOL DROPOUTS s SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT s SCHOOL FACTORS s SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT s SCHOOL INSTRUCTION s SCHOOL LEARNING s SCHOOL LEVEL s SCHOOL LOCATION s SCHOOL OWNERSHIP s SCHOOL POLICIES s SCHOOL POLICY s SCHOOL PRINCIPALS s SCHOOL READINESS s SCHOOL REFORM s SCHOOL SCHOOLS s SCHOOL STUDENTS s SCHOOL SYSTEM s SCHOOL TEACHER s SCHOOL-AGE s SCHOOL-AGE POPULATION s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SCIENCE STUDY s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SERVICE TRAINING s SHOW HOW s SKILL ACQUISITION s SKILL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL MOBILITY s SOCIAL SKILLS s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s STUDENT ASSESSMENTS s STUDENT BODY s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT OUTCOMES s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT POPULATION s STUDENT SCORES s STUDENT-TEACHER RATIO s TEACHER s TEACHER DEVELOPMENT s TEACHER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS s TEACHER HIRING s TEACHER MANAGEMENT s TEACHER SALARIES s TEACHER SHORTAGE s TEACHER SUPPORT s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING FORCE s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TEST SCORES s TEXTBOOK s TEXTBOOKS s TYPES OF SCHOOLS s UPPER SECONDARY s UPPER SECONDARY EDUCATION s UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOLS s URBAN SCHOOLS s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL SCHOOL s VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS s VOCATIONAL SUBJECTS s WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT s YOUTH English en_US Bulgaria's performance on all three disciplines of the program for international student assessment (PISA) 2012 was slightly better than its PISA 2000 performance, after having dropped between 2000 and 2006. The improvements in performance between 2006 and 2012 promoted shared prosperity, but equality of opportunities is still a major challenge. In fact, disaggregating students' PISA scores across a number of variables for example, location and ethnicity - shows that large inequalities exist in Bulgaria's education system. Peer characteristics and school segregation are the key drivers of the Bulgarian education system's performance. An in-depth analysis into math and reading skills shows imbalances in performance in Bulgaria. The main areas in which Bulgaria can further improve its educational system involve: delaying the tracking of students to reduce segregation in schools; continue improving the quality of educational resources to ensure that all students learn in an environment with books, lab equipment, and technological hardware and software; encouraging longer pre-primary education for all children; learning from successful schools to improve accountability mechanisms for schools countrywide, particularly in rural areas; reevaluating the curriculum and assessment framework to better align student learning to the envisaged country goals; and promoting effective classroom management and strengthening teaching practices 40 17-11-21 00:18:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869570 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20776 Volltext, Open Access

1759725005

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:55.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725005 OCoLC 1255598859 WBOKR 20753 EBP 064564738 KEP 064564738 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20753 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rebalancing Serbia's Economy Improving Competitiveness, Strengthening the Private Sector, and Creating Jobs World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Serbia s ACCELERATORS s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES s AGE GROUP s AGE GROUPS s AGRICULTURE s AUTOMOBILE s AVERAGE WAGE s BASIC METALS s BENCHMARKS s BEST PRACTICES s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS ENTITIES s BUSINESS ENTRY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES s BUSINESS REGISTRATION s BUSINESS SECTOR s BUSINESS SERVICES s BUSINESSES s CENTRAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMUNICATION SERVICES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE PRODUCTS s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s CONTROL SYSTEMS s COORDINATION MECHANISMS s COPYRIGHT s CREATING JOBS s CREDIT CARD s CREDIT CARD TRANSACTIONS s CUSTOMS s DEBT s DEVELOPMENT AGENCY s DISMISSAL s DOMAIN s DOMESTIC MARKET s E-GOVERNMENT s E-MAIL s EARLY RETIREMENT s EARNING s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EGOVERNMENT s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRONIC FILING s EMPLOYABILITY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS s EMPLOYMENT RATE s EMPLOYMENT RATES s ENTERPRISE SURVEYS s ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS s EQUIPMENT s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FISCAL POLICY s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOREIGN TRADE s FUNCTIONALITY s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS s GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS s GOVERNMENT REGULATION s GROSS WAGE s GROWTH RATE s HARDWARE s ICT s INDUSTRIAL EMPLOYMENT s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INFORMATION SERVICES s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INNOVATION s INSPECTION s INSPECTIONS s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIES s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSURANCE s INTERMEDIATE GOODS s INVENTORY s IP s JOB CREATION s JOB LOSSES s JOB MARKET s JOB SECURITY s JOBS CRISIS s LABOR ALLOCATION s LABOR COST s LABOR COSTS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET REFORMS s LABOR MARKET RIGIDITIES s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LEVEL s LABOR REALLOCATION s LAND USE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LICENSES s LIVING STANDARDS s LOW EMPLOYMENT s MANUFACTURING s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET FACTORS s MARKET PLACE s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SHARES s MARKETING s MATERIAL s NETWORKS s NEW MARKETS s OIL s OLDER WORKERS s ONE-STOP SHOPS s OPEN ECONOMY s OUTSOURCING s PAID WORKERS s PER CAPITA INCOME s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR JOB s PRIVATE SECTOR WAGE s PRIVATE SECTORS s PRODUCERS s PRODUCT DIVERSIFICATION s PRODUCTION FACILITIES s PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES s PRODUCTIVITY GAP s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PRODUCTIVITY LEVELS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC SECTOR JOB s QUERIES s QUOTAS s R&D s REGISTRATION OF BUSINESS s REGISTRIES s REGISTRY s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s RENT SEEKING s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESULT s RESULTS s RETAIL TRADE s SECURE PROPERTY RIGHTS s SERVICE SECTOR s SEVERANCE PAY s SEVERANCE PAYMENTS s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED WORKERS s SOFTWARE SERVICES s STATISTICAL DATA s STRUCTURAL CHANGE s SUPERVISION s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAINS s SURPLUS LABOR s SURVIVAL RATE s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELEPHONE s TIME PERIOD s TIME ZONE s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE COMPETITIVENESS s TRADE DEFICIT s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNSKILLED LABOR s UNSKILLED WORKERS s USERS s VALUATION s VALUE ADDED s VALUE CHAINS s WAGE LEVEL s WAGES s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WEB s WEB SITE s WORK HISTORY s WORKER s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT English en_US Serbia's economy is out of balance and performing below its potential. Since the post, Yugoslavian transition, Serbia's economy has been running on one engine, the non-tradable sector and expansion of domestic demand. This was financed with ample capital inflows, which were sharply reduced since 2008 as the global economic crisis escalated. While this consumption-led growth produced some improvements in living standards, it was not sustainable and created hardly any formal jobs. This explains why Serbia's job market is also out of balance. Less than half of the working-age population has a job at all, and among those that are formally employed, almost half are employed in the public sector. This note identifies three priority areas and a set of specific measures which complement other important reforms, especially those related to improving the country's macroeconomic and fiscal position. The reforms will make it easier to invest, operate a business, and create jobs. The measures could be implemented within a relatively short period of time, since many of them build on the existing initiatives and address well identified problems. Priority area one, making it easier to operate businesses, by reducing excessive administrative burdens and making regulatory environment predictable; priority area two, making it easier to invest and expand business, by improving planning and construction permits procedures; and priority area three, making it viable to create formal sector jobs, by reducing labor market costs and rigidities 40 17-11-21 00:18:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869589 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20753 Volltext, Open Access

1759725013

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:55.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725013 OCoLC 1255598860 WBOKR 20775 EBP 06456472X KEP 06456472X 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20775 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Piloting Per-Student Formula Financing in Moldova First Outcomes and Policy Recommendations World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Moldova s ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE s ACCESS OF STUDENTS s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACHIEVEMENT DATA s ASSESSMENT SYSTEM s AVERAGE CLASS SIZE s AVERAGE NUMBER OF STUDENTS s AVERAGE SCHOOLING s BIGGER CLASSES s CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS s CLASS SIZE s CLASS SIZES s CLASS-SIZE s CLASSROOM s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMPETENCIES s COMPULSORY EDUCATION s COST OF EDUCATION s COST PER STUDENT s COURSE CONTENT s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM REQUIREMENTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION MAKING s DESIGNING INTERVENTIONS s DIPLOMAS s DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN s DROPOUT RATES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION AUTHORITIES s EDUCATION BUDGET s EDUCATION DATA s EDUCATION EXPENDITURES s EDUCATION FINANCE s EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s EDUCATION POLICIES s EDUCATION QUALITY s EDUCATION REFORM s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SPENDING s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL INPUTS s EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION s EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT s EDUCATORS s EFFECTIVE TEACHING s EQUAL ACCESS s ETHNIC MINORITIES s EXAMS s EXPENDITURES s FORMULA FUNDING s FUNCTIONALLY ILLITERATE s GENERAL EDUCATION s GENERAL SECONDARY SCHOOLS s HIGHER STUDENT LEARNING s IMPROVING STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s INSTRUCTION s INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ASSESSMENT s JOB SATISFACTION s JOB SECURITY s LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION s LEADERSHIP s LEARNING s LEARNING ACHIEVEMENTS s LEARNING DISABILITIES s LEARNING MATERIALS s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LITERACY s LITERATURE s LOW-INCOME STUDENTS s LOWER SECONDARY s LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION s MINISTRIES OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s NATIONAL ASSESSMENT s NUMBER OF PUPILS s NUMBER OF SCHOOLS s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s NUMBER OF TEACHERS s PER STUDENT EXPENDITURES s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY GRADES s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s PROFICIENCY s PUBLIC SCHOOLS s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF TEACHING s READING s REPORT CARDS s RETIRED TEACHERS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL SCHOOLS s RURAL STUDENTS s SALARY INCREASES s SCHOOL AUTONOMY s SCHOOL BOARDS s SCHOOL BUDGETS s SCHOOL BUILDINGS s SCHOOL COSTS s SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT s SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT PLAN s SCHOOL DIRECTORS s SCHOOL DROPOUT s SCHOOL FUNDING s SCHOOL LEVEL s SCHOOL MANAGEMENT s SCHOOL NETWORK s SCHOOL NETWORKS s SCHOOL OWNERSHIP s SCHOOL PERFORMANCE s SCHOOL PRINCIPALS s SCHOOL SIZE s SCHOOL STAFF s SCHOOL SYSTEM s SCHOOL SYSTEMS s SCHOOL YEAR s SCHOOL-AGE s SCHOOL-AGE POPULATION s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SMALL CLASSES s SMALL SCHOOLS s SMALLER ONES s SOCIAL GROUPS s SPECIAL NEEDS s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s STUDENT ATTAINMENT s STUDENT COSTS s STUDENT ENROLLMENTS s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT TEACHER RATIO s STUDENT-TEACHER RATIO s STUDENT-TEACHER RATIOS s TEACHER s TEACHER QUALITY s TEACHER RATIOS s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING FORCE s TEACHING POSITIONS s TEACHING STAFF s TEXTBOOKS s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s UNIVERSITY LEVEL s UPPER SECONDARY s UPPER SECONDARY EDUCATION English en_US At present, the education sector is characterized by an oversized network of increasingly small schools and a high number of poorly paid teachers and non-teaching staff. A recent Ministry of Education sponsored feasibility study concluded that up to half of Moldova s rural schools may need to be reorganized in the next three to five years in order to counteract the sharp population declines that have taken place over the last 20 years. It is important to underline that the restructuring of the school network is not a goal in itself. The main purpose of the reforms will be to improve quality of education through consolidation of schools and better utilization of resources, human and physical. The results of the evaluation of the pilots (first two-years of implementation for which the data is available) have been presented and discussed with the Ministry of Education during the Bank missions in May and September 2012. This paper is organized as follows: section two explains sector context and the core of the per student financing reforms. Section three highlights key milestones in per student financing reform in Moldova. Section four reviews first outcomes of per-student finance in two pilots Riscani and Causeni. Finally, section five presents the summary of key findings and policy recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:18:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869597 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20775 Volltext, Open Access

1759725021

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:55.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725021 OCoLC 1255598612 WBOKR 20737 EBP 064564711 KEP 064564711 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20737 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Congo Economic Update, September 2014 The Road to Economic Development World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Congo, Republic of s BALANCE s CADRE s FIGURE s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURES s MACRO s ROUTE s ROUTES s SIMULATIONS s STOCKS s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORTS English en_US Congo's current growth trend is lower than the projected rate of growth in the 2012-2016 National Development Plan (NDP). Congo should continue investing intensively but more efficiently in infrastructure, an urgent need. Ample evidence shows that investment efficiency in infrastructure is critical for economic development. Given the importance of this issue for the future growth trajectory of the country, the second part of the update focuses on efficient investment in infrastructure. By focusing on improving government efficiency, the Republic of Congo would be well positioned to achieve sustained and diversified growth, rather than continuing on the current path that is largely driven by higher levels of public investment. The Congolese government can achieve better public investment outcomes by implementing sound public financial management policies in these areas. These include better preparation and planning of investment projects, introduction of systems-based commitment of reform in the procurement and disbursement system to speed up the processes and make them more transparent 40 17-11-21 00:18:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869600 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20737 Volltext, Open Access

175972503X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:55.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972503X OCoLC 1255598879 WBOKR 20759 EBP 064564703 KEP 064564703 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20759 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Cambodia Services Trade Performance and Regulatory Framework Assessment World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Phnom Penh 2014 1 Online-Ressource Cambodia East Asia and Pacific s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s AGENTS s ANTI-COMPETITIVE PRACTICES s ANTI-CORRUPTION s AUDITORS s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS SERVICES s CITIZENS s CIVIL SOCIETY s COLLABORATION s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMPETITION LAW s COMPETITION POLICY s COMPETITIVE PRACTICES s CONFIDENCE s COPYRIGHT s CORRUPTION s CORRUPTION LAW s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING s DIRECT INVESTMENT s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC REFORM s EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS s EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES s EMPLOYMENT s ENGINEERING SERVICES s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s FACTOR ENDOWMENTS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE INDICATORS s GOVERNMENT EFFECTIVENESS s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GROWTH RATE s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s HUMAN RESOURCE s ICT s IMPROVING GOVERNANCE s INCOME s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INITIATIVE s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY s INSURANCE s INTERNAL ACCOUNTABILITY s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNET ACCESS s INTERNET CONNECTIVITY s JOURNALS s KNOW-HOW s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s LABOR MARKETS s LAND USE s LAWS s LEADERSHIP s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LIABILITY s LICENSING s MINISTERS s MONOPOLY s NOW ACCOUNTS s PARLIAMENT s PATENTS s PENSIONS s PER CAPITA INCOME s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POLICY INTERVENTION s POOR GOVERNANCE s POSTAL SERVICES s PREFERENTIAL s PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT s PRIME MINISTER s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC POLICIES s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLISHING s RADIO s REGULATORY AGENCIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY INSTITUTIONS s REGULATORY OBJECTIVES s REGULATORY PRINCIPLES s REGULATORY PROGRAMS s REGULATORY QUALITY s REGULATORY REFORM s REGULATORY REGIME s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s RESEARCH CENTERS s RULE OF LAW s SOCIAL POLICIES s SOCIAL SERVICES s STATE GOVERNMENTS s SUBSIDIARY s TAXATION s TELECOM INFRASTRUCTURE s TELECOM SECTOR s TELECOM SERVICES s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELECOMMUNICATION REFORM s TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR s TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECTOR s TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES s TELECOMS s TELECOMS LAW s TELEPHONY s TELEVISION s TRADE FLOWS s TRAINING CENTERS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPARENCY MECHANISMS s TRANSPORT English en_US As a result of a determined regulatory reform process and an economic modernization process over the past two decades, Cambodia has experienced extraordinary economic growth. In 2004, Cambodia became the first low-income country to join the World Trade Organization (WTO). Since then, Cambodia has grown to become one of East Asia s most open economies, especially in the services sector. Cambodia s impressive economic growth owes much of its driving force to the boom in services trade. Services exports grew more than 20 percent a year for most of the past decade led by a rapid expansion in tourism. Foreign direct investment (FDI) particularly in tourism, construction, infrastructure, agro-processing, and telecommunications also supported the expansion of services trade, not only by attracting foreign capital and expanding employment into Cambodia, but also by improving domestic technology and enhancing domestic skills. Cambodia is quickly becoming a sophisticated economy that needs to move beyond the pillars of textiles and tourism exports by diversifying into the export of modern services. Cambodian firms are already tentatively exporting some niche services such as computer-based animation. Modern services exports to other East Asian countries, including information technology (IT)-related services, are likely to play a more important role in Cambodia as a source of employment, revenue, and investment. In the regional context, Cambodia stands to benefit from its chairmanship of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), by showcasing its economic reform and modernization process, and increasing the potential to attract investments from services firms interested in serving the region as whole. Cambodia should act quickly to address potential competition from other least-developed (LDC) and developing countries across the regions that are also expanding their services industries 40 17-11-21 00:18:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869619 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20759 Volltext, Open Access

1759725048

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:55.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725048 OCoLC 1255597968 WBOKR 20763 EBP 06456469X KEP 06456469X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20763 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Cambodia Trade Corridor Performance Assessment World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Phnom Penh 2014 1 Online-Ressource s ACCIDENT s AIM s AIRPORT s ASSEMBLY s AXLE LOAD s BARGES s BERTH s BICYCLES s BLASTING s BORDER CROSSING s BORDER CROSSINGS s BORDER MANAGEMENT s BORDER TRAFFIC s BOTTLENECKS s BOXES s BREAK BULK s BRIDGE s BUS s BUSES s CAR s CAR INDUSTRY s CARGO s CARGO VOLUMES s CARRYING CAPACITY s CARS s CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s CONGESTION s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS s CONTAINER TERMINAL s CONTAINER TRAFFIC s CONTAINER VESSELS s CONTAINER YARD s CONTAINERIZATION s CONTAINERIZED CARGO s CONTAINERS s CONTROL INFRASTRUCTURE s CORRIDOR s CORRIDOR INFRASTRUCTURE s CORRIDOR OPERATIONS s COST OF TRANSPORT s COUNTRY OF ORIGIN s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS CLEARANCE s CUSTOMS PROCEDURES s DELIVERY OF GOODS s DEMURRAGE s DIESEL s DIESEL FUEL s DOMESTIC AIRPORT s DREDGING s DRIVERS s DRIVING s DRIVING CONDITIONS s DRIVING LICENSES s DWT s EXPORT s EXPORT CARGO s FATALITIES s FINANCIAL INCENTIVE s FLEET MANAGEMENT s FLEETS s FORWARDING s FRAMEWORK s FREIGHT s FREIGHT FORWARDERS s FREIGHT FORWARDING s FREIGHT OPERATIONS s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s FUEL COST s FUEL COSTS s FUEL PRICES s GASOLINE s GENERATORS s GROSS WEIGHT s HANDLING s HEAVY VEHICLE s HIGH TRAFFIC VOLUMES s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY NETWORK s HIGHWAYS s HUB AIRPORTS s INCOME s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INJURY s INLAND TRANSPORT s INSPECTION s INTEGRATED LOGISTICS s INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNATIONAL TRAFFIC s LAND TRANSPORTATION s LANE ROAD s LANES s LIABILITY s LIGHT TRUCK s LINER SHIPPING s LOADING s LOGISTICS COSTS s MAIN ROADS s MANUFACTURING s MARKET ACCESS s MILEAGE s MOTOR VEHICLE s MOTORCYCLES s NATIONAL LOGISTICS s NATIONAL ROADS s NAVIGATION s PASSENGER s PASSENGER SERVICES s PICK-UP s POLICE s PORT OF ENTRY s PORTS OF ENTRY s PRODUCTION CAPACITY s PROVINCIAL ROADS s PUBLIC WORKS s RAIL s RAIL CONNECTION s RAIL CORRIDORS s RAIL LINK s RAIL TRANSPORT s RAILWAY s RAILWAY LINE s RAILWAY NETWORK s RAILWAY NETWORKS s RAILWAY SYSTEM s RAILWAY TRANSPORT s RAILWAYS s RANGE s REGIONAL HUB s REGIONAL LOGISTICS s REGIONAL TRANSIT s REGIONAL TRANSIT SYSTEM s REINFORCED CONCRETE s RESTORATION s RIVER s ROAD s ROAD ACCIDENTS s ROAD CORRIDORS s ROAD HAULAGE s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD QUALITY s ROAD SAFETY s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD TRANSPORT MARKET s ROAD TRANSPORT SERVICES s ROAD VEHICLES s ROADS s ROLL s ROLL-OUT s ROUTE s ROUTES s ROUTING s SEAPORTS s SHARING s SHIPMENTS s SHIPPERS s SHIPPING s SHIPPING COMPANIES s SHIPPING INDUSTRIES s SHIPS s SIGNS s STORAGE FACILITIES s STRICTER ENFORCEMENT s SUPPLY CHAINS s TAX s TERTIARY ROADS s THROUGH TRAFFIC s TOLL s TONNAGE s TRACTORS s TRADE FACILITATION s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS s TRAFFIC COUNT s TRAFFIC FLOWS s TRAFFIC LAWS s TRAFFIC POLICE s TRAFFIC SPEED s TRAFFIC VOLUME s TRAFFIC VOLUMES s TRANSIT s TRANSIT SYSTEM s TRANSIT TIMES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT AGENCIES s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT FACILITATION s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT MARKET s TRANSPORT OPERATIONS s TRANSPORT OPERATORS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICE s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION SERVICES s TRANSSHIPMENT s TRIP s TRIPS s TRUCK DRIVERS s TRUCKING s TRUCKS s UNDERPINNING s VEHICLE s VEHICLE FLEET s VEHICLE POPULATION s VEHICLES s VESSELS s VOLUME OF TRAFFIC s WAREHOUSE s WAREHOUSES s WAREHOUSING s WEALTH s WHEELS English en_US The study found that logistics costs are high due to transshipment costs and various forms of payments. Many of these payments are imposed by the private sector with little or no transparency on how or where the costs are incurred. International trade corridors in Cambodia therefore perform well in terms of time but not cost. However, the corridors with transshipment have higher costs than the national corridor between Phnom Penh and Sihanoukville or the river corridor to the port of Cai Mep in Vietnam. Large shippers and international firms prefer to use several sub-contractors to make logistics arrangements so they do not have to coordinate what can be fairly complex and challenging arrangements for shipments. Intermediation in logistics is largely carried out by local agencies, leading to high intermediation costs. The main reason for the high intermediation cost is the prevalence and wide acceptance of facilitation fees as inducements for fast clearance and processing. Facilitation fees, largely informal, contribute to the high costs of logistics. Intermediaries, mostly forwarders and brokers, play a key role in collecting these payments. However, payment of such fees is clouded by lack of transparency. One of the main challenges is how to deal with informal payments in logistics in Cambodia. Another contributor to high costs is private sector capacity in the provision of logistics services, which is still low. Most of the truck fl eet is operated by family-run businesses owning a few trucks. Trucks are generally old which contributes also to the lack of appetite to operate across borders and at the same time compromises the feasibility of developing an effective transit system 40 17-11-21 00:18:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869627 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20763 Volltext, Open Access

1759725056

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:55.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725056 OCoLC 1255594965 WBOKR 20773 EBP 064564681 KEP 064564681 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20773 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Impact and Implications of Recent and Potential Changes to Brazil's Subnational Fiscal Framework World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Brazil Latin America & Caribbean s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s AMOUNT OF CREDITS s AMOUNT OF DEBT s ARREARS s BANK POLICY s BANKING SECTOR s BASIC EDUCATION s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BLUE CHIP s BLUE CHIPS s BONDS s BORROWING s BORROWING RULES s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CASH OUTFLOW s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s COEFFICIENTS s COLLECTION PROCESS s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPENSATION FUND s COMPLIANCE COST s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CREDITORS s CUSTODY s DEBT CONTRACTS s DEBT CRISIS s DEBT FINANCE s DEBT INTEREST s DEBT ISSUANCE s DEBT OUTSTANDING s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT STOCK s DEBTORS s DEBTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVOLUTION s DIFFERENTIALS s DISTRICT s DOMESTIC BANKS s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKETS s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ELECTRICITY s EQUALITY s EQUALIZATION s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE NEEDS s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL DEBT s FEDERAL BUDGETARY RESOURCES s FEDERAL CONSTITUTION s FEDERAL DEBT s FEDERAL DISTRICT s FEDERAL LAW s FEDERAL REVENUES s FEDERAL SENATE s FEDERAL TAX s FEDERAL TAXES s FEDERAL TRANSFERS s FEDERAL TRANSFERS TO STATES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FISCAL ADJUSTMENT s FISCAL AUTONOMY s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL CAPACITY s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL FEDERALISM s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FISCAL IMPACT s FISCAL PLANS s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL REFORMS s FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY s FISCAL SPACE s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS REVENUES s GROSS SALES s HARD BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s HOLDING s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME TAX s INDEBTEDNESS s INEQUALITIES s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INITIAL DEBT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE ADJUSTMENT s INTEREST RATES s INTEREST SUBSIDY s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FINANCE s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL TRANSFERS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFER s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVESTMENT FINANCING s INVESTMENT RATE s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCE OF BONDS s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LAWS s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT s LICENSES s LONG-TERM INTEREST s LONG-TERM INTEREST RATE s LOW INTEREST RATES s MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION s MATURITY s MEDIUM ENTERPRISE s MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s MEDIUM-TERM FISCAL s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MORAL HAZARD s MULTILATERAL LENDERS s MUNICIPALITIES s MUNICIPALITY s NATIONAL TREASURY s NET CURRENT REVENUES s NET DEBT s NET REVENUES s NEW ENTRANTS s OIL PRICE s OUTSTANDING AMOUNT s OUTSTANDING LOANS s PENSIONS s POLITICAL ACCOUNTABILITY s PRIVATE BORROWERS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY TAX s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC BANKS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s RATES OF RETURN s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATES s REDISTRIBUTION s REFORM PROGRAMS s RENEGOTIATION s RENEGOTIATIONS s RETURN s RETURNS s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE COLLECTIONS s REVENUE EQUALIZATION s REVENUE INCREASE s REVENUE LOSS s REVENUE SHARING s REVENUE SHARING SCHEME s REVENUE SOURCE s REVENUE SOURCES s SETTLEMENT s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOLVENCY s SOURCES OF FUNDS s STATE GOVERNMENTS s STATE OWNED BANKS s SUBNATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL DEBT s SUBNATIONAL FINANCE s SUBNATIONAL FINANCES s SUBNATIONAL FISCAL ISSUES s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENT s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUBNATIONAL LENDING s SUBSIDIARY s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BASE s TAX BURDEN s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX COMPLIANCE s TAX COSTS s TAX CREDIT s TAX CREDITS s TAX EXEMPTION s TAX INCENTIVE s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX PAYMENTS s TAX POLICIES s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX REFORMS s TAX REGIME s TAX REGIMES s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUE SHARING s TAX REVENUES s TAX SYSTEM s TAX TREATMENT s TAXATION s TOTAL DEBT s TRANSACTION s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORTATION SERVICES s VALUATION s WAREHOUSE s WAREHOUSES English en_US Brazil's subnational fiscal framework has remained a source of unabated controversy despite its relative stability over the past decade. The objective of this study is to evaluate the nature and impact of recent and expected changes to Brazil's subnational fiscal framework in light of these debates. More specifically, this work has focused on recent and proposed changes to: 1) the Tax on Goods Circulation, Communication and Inter-municipal and Inter-state Transportation Services (ICMS); 2) the State Participation Fund (FPE) as well as the transfers from oil and mining royalties; and 3) the subnational debt and borrowing framework. These three broad areas are precisely the ones that are the center of the current debate on Brazil's subnational fiscal framework. In order to achieve the proposed objective, three background papers were commissioned, each covering one of the issues outlined above. The main value-added of this study is an examination-and an attempt at a quantification of the impacts of the changes underway in these three dimensions of Brazil's intergovernmental fiscal framework. The remainder of this synthesis report is organized as follows. Section two provides a brief overview of how Brazil's subnational fiscal framework currently works. Section three describes the ongoing efforts to reform Brazil's subnational fiscal framework and points to the advantages of a more coordinated approach over a piecemeal one. Section four discusses the expected fiscal impact on subnational governments of the most likely reform scenarios. Section five concludes. Finally, the amended proposal also kept the original provisions regarding the validation of past tax incentives unchanged. It included a mandate for past tax incentives to be approved by state legislative and to be disclosed at the official Gazette. The main change was the creation of a provision to safeguard the existing tax incentives until their expiration or 2033, whichever comes first 40 17-11-21 00:18:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869635 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20773 Volltext, Open Access

1759725064

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725064 OCoLC 1255598907 WBOKR 20661 EBP 064564673 KEP 064564673 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20661 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO South Africa Economic Update Fiscal Policy and Redistribution in an Unequal Society World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource South Africa economic update issue no. 6 Africa South Africa s ACCOUNTING s ADVANCED COUNTRIES s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURE s APARTHEID s BALANCE SHEET s BANK BOND s BANK LENDING s BANKING SECTOR s BANKS s BASIS POINTS s BENCHMARK s BENCHMARK STOCK s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BOND ISSUANCE s BONDS s BORROWING COSTS s BROKERS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL OUTLAYS s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL BANK s COMMODITY s COMMODITY EXPORTS s COMMUNICATIONS DEVELOPMENT s CONFIDENCE INDEX s CONSUMER SPENDING s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION TAXES s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CORPORATE PROFITS s CREDIT GROWTH s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT SERVICING COSTS s DEFLATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPING ECONOMIES s DISCOURAGED WORKERS s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DIVIDEND s DIVIDEND PAYMENTS s DIVIDENDS s DOLLAR PRICES s DOMESTIC ECONOMY s DOMESTIC INFLATION s DURABLE s DURABLE GOODS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET STOCK s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUIPMENT s EQUITIES s EQUITY MARKETS s EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL DEFICITS s EXTREME POVERTY s FAVORABLE FINANCING s FEDERAL RESERVE s FEDERAL RESERVE BANK s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED CAPITAL s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FORECASTS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FUEL TAXES s GDP s GINI COEFFICIENT s GLOBAL ECONOMIC PROSPECTS s GLOBAL FINANCIAL MARKET s GLOBAL TRADE s GOVERNMENT ASSETS s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BOND YIELDS s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DEBT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSING s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROUP s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INCOMES s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFLATION EXPECTATIONS s INFLATION TARGET s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVENTORIES s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT SPENDING s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s JOB CREATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LEVY s LONG-TERM BOND MARKETS s LONG-TERM INVESTMENT s LORENZ CURVE s MACROECONOMICS s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET PRICES s MARKET VOLATILITY s METALS s MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES s MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRY s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL INCOME s NATIONAL TREASURY s NET DEBT s NET EXPORTS s NEW ENTRANTS s OIL PRICES s OLD-AGE PENSIONS s OUTPUT s OUTPUT GAP s PAYROLL TAXES s PENSION s PER CAPITA INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME TAXES s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO FLOWS s POWER PARITY s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY TAXES s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PURCHASING POWER s REAL ESTATE s REAL GDP s REAL INCOME s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATES s REDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS s RESERVE s RESERVE BANK s RESERVES s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK AVERSE s RISKY ASSETS s SAFETY NET s SAVINGS s SKILLS SHORTAGES s SOCIAL SAFETY NET s SOCIAL SERVICES s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK INDEXES s STOCK MARKETS s SWAPS s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX INCENTIVE s TAX POLICY s TAX RATE s TAX SYSTEM s TAXATION s THE SOUTH AFRICAN RESERVE BANK s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE TAXES s TRANSPORT s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VALUE ADDED s WAGE GROWTH s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY s WITHDRAWAL English en_US The global economic recovery remains uneven, as growth in the United States is gaining momentum but appears to be at risk of stalling in the Euro Area and Japan. U.S. growth is expected to gain pace over the rest of the year and into 2015 as employment prospects boost real income growth and confidence. Following the Euro Area s exit from recession in 2013, GDP was flat in 2014, and preliminary data for the third quarter suggest slowing growth momentum amid weak domestic demand, ongoing balance sheet adjustments, a fragmented banking sector, and rising geopolitical risks. In Japan, a sales tax hike in April caused a more significant contraction in activity than expected, while exports failed to pick up 40 17-11-21 00:18:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869643 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20661 Volltext, Open Access

1759725072

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725072 OCoLC 1255598914 WBOKR 20671 EBP 064564665 KEP 064564665 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20671 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Georgia Winds of Optimism World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Georgia economic report no. 6 Europe and Central Asia Georgia s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCOUNTING s ACCREDITATION s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURE s ARREARS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BILATERAL INSTITUTIONS s BONDS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUSINESS CONFIDENCE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL GOODS s CAPITAL MARKETS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMPETITIVENESS s CONFIDENTIALITY s CONSUMER CONFIDENCE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING s CPI s CREDIT GROWTH s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CUSTOMS UNION s DEBT s DEBT REPAYMENTS s DEBT SOURCE s DEFICIT FINANCING s DEFICITS s DEMOCRACY s DEPOSIT s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC DEBT s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION SYSTEM s ENROLLMENT s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXISTING BARRIERS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL BORROWINGS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEFICIT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILIES s FARMERS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED INVESTMENT s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY LOANS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN TRADE s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENT s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES s GINI COEFFICIENT s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH RATE s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RIGHTS s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAX EXEMPTION s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFLATION TARGET s INFLATION TARGETING s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSURANCE s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE CHANGES s INTEREST RATES s INTEREST RATES ON LOANS s INTERMEDIATE GOODS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s JOB CREATION s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVING CONDITIONS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOAN CATEGORIES s LOCAL BUSINESSES s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMICS s MARKET ACCESS s MATURITY s METALS s MINES s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY LAUNDERING s MONEY TRANSFERS s MORTGAGES s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL SAVING s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OIL s OLD-AGE PENSION s OLD-AGE PENSIONS s OUTPUT s PENSION s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s POPULATION GROWTH s PRICE LEVELS s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRODUCERS s PROFITABILITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROPERTY RIGHTS PROTECTION s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s PUBLIC SPENDING s QUALITY STANDARDS s QUOTAS s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL EXCHANGE RATES s REFORM PROGRAM s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT s REPLACEMENT RATE s REPO s RESERVES s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RETIREMENT SAVINGS s RULE OF LAW s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SMALL BUSINESSES s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOVEREIGN RATING s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s SUSTAINABILITY IMPACT s T-BILLS s TAX s TAX CODE s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX OBLIGATIONS s TAX POLICY s TAX REVENUES s TERRORISM s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNION s URBAN AREAS s VALUE ADDED s VOUCHERS s WAGES s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US The signing of the Association Agreement with the European Union in June 2014 and the coming into effect of the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area in September are landmark achievements for Georgia. The Association Agreement (AA) is focused on improvements in the areas of democracy and the rule of law, human rights, good governance, and economic development. The Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA) is likely to enhance Georgia's trade prospects and boost economic growth by enhancing the country’s export potential, especially to developed markets. This will be facilitated through improvements in quality standards and by bringing Georgia’s legislation closer to that of the European Union (EU). The DCFTA will also remove the existing barriers on the trade of goods and services with the EU. While Georgia can now export duty-free to the EU, Georgian products will have to meet certain EU requirements not only when exported but also when being consumed within the country. This marks the beginning of a long process to improve sanitary and phyto-sanitary standards, intellectual property rights protection, competition, technical regulations on industrial products, and customs and trade facilitation and this process will involve short- to medium-term costs 40 17-11-21 00:18:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869651 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20671 Volltext, Open Access

1759725080

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725080 OCoLC 1255598882 WBOKR 20673 EBP 064564657 KEP 064564657 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20673 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic Moderating Growth and a Challenging Outlook World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Kyrgyz Republic economic report no. 6 Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s ACCOUNTING s ADVERSE IMPACT s AGRICULTURE s ARREARS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANKING SECTOR s BARLEY s BASIS POINTS s BROAD MONEY s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUFFERS s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CASH HOLDINGS s CENTRAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY s COMMODITY EXPORTS s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPLIANCE COSTS s CONNECTIVITY s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CORE INFLATION s CREATION OF JOBS s CREDIT EXPANSION s CREDIT FACILITY s CREDIT GROWTH s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CUSTOMS DUTIES s CUSTOMS UNION s DEBT s DEBT FINANCING s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEPRECIATION s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DISBURSEMENTS s DISCOUNT RATE s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC PRICES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN s ECONOMIC TRANSACTIONS s ELASTICITY s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE POLICIES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT VOLUME s EXPORTERS s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEFICIT s EXTERNAL DEMAND s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTREME POVERTY s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL INFLOWS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR INDICATORS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATE s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATE REGIME s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN INFLOWS s FOREIGN LOANS s FOREIGN TRADE s FRAUD s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GEOPOLITICAL TENSIONS s GOLD s GOLD PRICES s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMBALANCE s IMPORT s IMPORTS s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INSURANCE s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL PRICES s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INVESTMENT LEVELS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s ISSUANCE s JOB CREATION s JUDICIAL REFORM s JURISDICTIONS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOSS OF REVENUES s M2 s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET EFFICIENCY s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SIZE s METALS s MONETARY AGGREGATES s MONETARY CONDITIONS s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY SUPPLY s NATIONAL BANK s NATURAL RESOURCE s NET CAPITAL s NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OIL s OIL PRICES s OUTPUT s PENSION s PENSION REFORMS s PENSIONS s POPULATION GROWTH s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY REDUCTION s PREFERENTIAL ACCESS s PRICE CHANGES s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION COSTS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SPENDING s PURCHASING POWER s RAPID CREDIT EXPANSION s RAPID EXPANSION s RAPID GROWTH s RE-EXPORTS s REAL APPRECIATION s REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL EXPORT s REAL GDP s REAL IMPORT s REAL WAGES s REGISTRY SYSTEMS s REGULATORY REFORM s REMITTANCES s REMUNERATION s RESERVE s RESERVE ACCUMULATION s RESERVE MONEY s RESERVES s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s SECTOR REFORM s SECTOR REFORMS s SETTLEMENT s SHORTFALL s SLOWDOWN s SOCIAL FUND s STRONG DEMAND s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUPPLY DISRUPTIONS s SURPLUS s TARIFF POLICIES s TARIFFS ON IMPORTS s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX POLICY s TAX RATES s TAX REVENUES s TAXATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERMS OF TRADE s TOTAL EXPORTS s TRACK RECORD s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE RELATIONS s TRADING s TRADING PARTNERS s TRANSBOUNDARY RIVER BASINS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILL RATE s TREATY s UNCERTAINTY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VOLATILITY s WAGE GROWTH s WEIGHTS s WHOLESALE MARKETS s WITHDRAWAL English en_US Political developments at home and abroad have been prominent this year. Domestically, a new government was formed quickly after one of the coalition parties withdrew the support to Prime Minister Satylbaldiev in March, 2014. The new government, led by Prime Minister Djoomart Otorbayev, represents the same coalition of political parties providing continuity on most policies but also a fresh momentum for reforms in key sectors. The next round of parliamentary elections is scheduled for the autumn 2015. Internationally, the Kyrgyz Republic has made firm commitments towards accession to the Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia while tensions have appeared in relations with some neighbors. Growth has slowed down significantly and we have revised our projection for real GDP growth to 3 percent for 2014 as a whole from the 4 percent we projected in April. Despite robust government investment and gold exports, economic activity has moderated as the slowdown in Russia, the winding down of operations at the Manas Transit Center and increased tensions in trade relations with neighbors are affecting remittances and non-gold exports. Economic activity has been further affected by the poor agriculture harvest while difficulties expected in ensuring stable energy supply in the winter may add a further drag on activity in the rest of the year. Fast growth rates in credit to the private sector and in construction are leveling off as businesses report a more difficult operating environment 40 17-11-21 00:18:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986966X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20673 Volltext, Open Access

1759725099

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725099 OCoLC 1255598674 WBOKR 20674 EBP 064564649 KEP 064564649 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20674 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tajikistan Moderated Growth, Heightened Risks World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Tajikistan Economic Report No.6 Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ADB s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s APPLICATION PROCESS s ARREARS s ASSET QUALITY s BAILOUT s BANK COMPLIANCE s BANK CREDIT s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SUPERVISION s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BASIS POINTS s BENEFICIARY s BONDS s BRANCH NETWORK s BRIBE s BRIBES s BROKERS s BUDGET DEFICIT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL GOODS s CASH COLLECTIONS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CASH TRANSFERS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANK s CONSOLIDATION s CONSULTING SERVICES s CONSUMER CONFIDENCE s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMER PROTECTION LAWS s CORRUPTION s CPI s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT BUREAUS s CREDIT CULTURE s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT SCORES s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ASSETS s DEFICITS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC BANKING s DOMESTIC DEMAND s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE s ENTREPRENEURS s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE POLICIES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FARMERS s FARMING HOUSEHOLDS s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED INVESTMENT s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FORESTRY s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HIGH INTEREST RATES s HOUSING s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMMOVABLE PROPERTY s INCOME GROUP s INCOME TAX s INCREMENTAL COSTS s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSPECTION SYSTEM s INSURANCE s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVENTORY s INVESTING s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s ISLAMIC BANKING s ISLAMIC DEVELOPMENT BANK s JOB CREATION s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE SURVEY s LABOR MARKET s LACK OF ACCESS s LENDERS s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARD s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOAN AGREEMENTS s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN RATES s LOAN REPAYMENTS s LONG-TERM INVESTMENT s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MATURITY s MATURITY MISMATCHES s METALS s MICROFINANCE s MIGRATION s MINIMUM WAGE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL BANK s NEW BUSINESS s NON PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOAN s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OPEN ECONOMY s OUTREACH s PENSIONS s POOR ACCESS s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SAVINGS s PROBLEM BANKS s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC GOOD s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL WAGES s REGISTRATION SYSTEM s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s RETURN ON EQUITY s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s SEWAGE s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOFT BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s SOURCE OF CREDIT s STATE PROPERTY s STATE PROPERTY MANAGEMENT s STOCKS s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUBSIDY COST s SUPERVISORY FRAMEWORK s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX POLICY s TAX RATES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTIONS SYSTEM s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE s TREASURY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNION s URBANIZATION s WAGES s WEIGHTS s WORLD TRADE English en_US Tajikistan s economic growth moderated to 6.7 percent in the first half of 2014 from 7.5 percent a year earlier as activity slowed in almost all sectors. Weaker world economic growth and lower prices for cotton and aluminum adversely affected the major export-oriented industries, pushing total industrial growth below 3 percent from nearly 7 percent a year earlier. Lower inflows of remittances due to the slowdown in Russia have translated into lower domestic demand and slower growth in services and housing construction. Though growth in agricultural output also moderated due to heavy rains and low temperatures, it was still a healthy 6 percent. Inflation began to pick up as food prices rose and tariffs for utilities were adjusted, reaching 4.7 percent for the first half of 2014 compared to 1.6 percent a year earlier. However, fixed investment grew swiftly as the public investment program got underway. GDP growth is projected to ease to 6.5 percent in 2014 because of the spillover effect from the slowdown in Russia and in export sales. A Russian slowdown affects Tajikistan largely through the remittances channel. A slackening in remittances weighs heavily on household demand, notably demand for services and housing construction. Inflation pressures are expected to increase but stable global food prices should help to keep growth in inflation within a single digit. Despite slower economic growth the fiscal deficit is projected to remain unchanged in 2014 because of higher than expected revenues from foreign trade, reforms in revenue collection, and spending restraint. The current account deficit is projected to widen to 3.7 percent of GDP because of sluggish export growth and the remittance slowdown. Tajikistan could perhaps benefit from the Russian ban on import of food from the West but fragile market links, limited economies of scale, poor access to credit, and barriers to entry and expansion limit Tajik ability to benefit from increased Russian demand 40 17-11-21 00:18:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869678 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20674 Volltext, Open Access

1759725102

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725102 OCoLC 1255598949 WBOKR 20750 EBP 064564630 KEP 064564630 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20750 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tajikistan Capital Expenditures and Public Investment Management World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Takijistan policy notes on public expenditures policy note no. 6 Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s AUDIT s BUDGET s CAPITAL SPENDING s DOMESTIC RESOURCES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FISCAL POLICY s FRAGMENTATION s IMPLEMENTATION s PLANNING s PUBLIC INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT English en_US This policy note is part of the World Bank's Programmatic Public Expenditure Review (PER) work program for FY2012-2014. The PER consists of a series of fiscal policy notes, which aim at providing the Government of Tajikistan with recommendations to strengthen budgetary processes and analysis. This policy note, the sixth in the series continues the fiscal policy dialogue conducted in the previous notes. It is structured as follows. Chapter 2 sets a macro-fiscal context for the analysis with a particular focus on fiscal policy challenges. Chapter 3 analyzes the composition and trends in capital expenditures to identify issues and offer solutions for improving efficiency of capital spending. Chapter 4 reviews a public investment management process in Tajikistan to identify weaknesses in the capital budgeting cycle (planning, budgeting, implementation, and audit), and to recommend measures and remedies to address shortcomings in these processes. Chapter 5 provides the main conclusions: 1) although Tajikistan has enjoyed high economic growth and substantial external assistance, increasing uncertainties about the global environment and the Russian growth outlook put Tajikistan's growth prospects at high risk, and the fiscal space will be very tight; 2) Tajikistan needs to address both equity and sector allocation efficiency issues to better mobilize resources in support of national priorities; 3) analysis of the public investment management system suggests that lack of a unified methodological framework, fragmentation, and poor institutional links discourage efficient use of limited domestic resources and attraction of external financing; and 4) the proposed reforms need to be sequenced to take into account implementation capacity and expected benefits. This note provides detailed recommendations to the Government regarding public investment management 40 17-11-21 00:18:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869686 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20750 Volltext, Open Access

1759725110

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725110 OCoLC 1255598582 WBOKR 20749 EBP 064564622 KEP 064564622 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20749 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tajikistan Fiscal Risks from State-Owned Enterprises World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Takijistan policy notes on public expenditures policy note no. 5 Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDIT COMMITTEES s AUTHORITY s BAILOUTS s BALANCE SHEETS s BENEFICIARY s BORROWER s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET REVENUES s BUDGETARY ALLOCATIONS s BUDGETARY FUNDS s CAPITAL STRUCTURE s CASH TRANSFERS s CHECKS s CIVIL CODE s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPANY LAW s COMPETITION LAW s COMPETITION POLICY s CONSTITUENCY s CONSTITUTION s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT CULTURE s CREDIT MARKETS s CREDITORS s CURRENCY s DEBTOR s DEBTS s DECISION MAKING s DEFICITS s DEGREE OF TRANSPARENCY s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISCLOSURE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ENTERPRISE REFORM s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE s FINANCIAL CONTROL s FINANCIAL DISCIPLINE s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL PRESSURES s FISCAL RISKS s FIXED CAPITAL s FLOW OF INFORMATION s FORGIVENESS s GLOBAL MARKET s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s GOVERNMENT ASSETS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT DECISION s GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS s GOVERNMENT ENTITIES s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT GRANTS s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT STRATEGY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GUARANTEES FOR LOANS s HOLDING s IMPLICIT SUBSIDIES s IMPLICIT SUBSIDY s INDEBTEDNESS s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INSOLVENCY s INSOLVENCY PROCEDURES s INSURANCE s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION s INTERNAL AUDIT PROCEDURES s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTMENT RESOURCES s ISSUANCE s JOINT STOCK COMPANIES s JOINT STOCK COMPANY s JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES s JOINT-STOCK COMPANY s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LEGAL DISPUTES s LEGAL FORM s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL STRUCTURE s LEGAL SYSTEM s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATURE s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIMITED LIABILITY s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY PROBLEMS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOCAL ECONOMY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LONG-TERM INTEREST s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MARKET DISTORTIONS s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET PRICES s MARKET REFORM s MARKET REFORMS s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MINISTERS s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s MODERN LEGISLATION s MONETARY FUND s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL TREASURY s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE OWNERSHIP s PRIVATIZATION OF STATE s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC POLICIES s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SPENDING s REFORM STRATEGY s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REHABILITATION s REMITTANCE s REPAYMENT s RETURN s RISK FACTORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s SHAREHOLDER s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL RISKS s SOCIAL SAFETY s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOFT BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s STATE ADMINISTRATION s STATE ASSETS s STATE BANK s STATE BUDGET s STATE CONTROL s STATE GUARANTEES s STATE OWNERSHIP s STATE PROPERTY s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s STOCK MARKET s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX ARREARS s TAX AUTHORITIES s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX PAYMENTS s TAX REVENUES s TAXATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL DEBT s TRANSACTION s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPARENT PROCEDURES s TREASURY s TRUST FUND s TRUST FUNDS s VARIABLE COST s VOTING English en_US This policy note is part of the World Bank's Programmatic Public Expenditure Review (PER) work program for FY2012-2014. The PER consists of a series of fiscal policy notes, which aim at providing the Government of Tajikistan with recommendations to strengthen budgetary processes and analysis. This policy note, the fifth in the series continues the fiscal policy dialogue conducted in the previous notes. It is structured as follows. Chapter 2 reviews the role of state-owned enterprises (SOE) in Tajikistan's economy and identifies key issues. Chapter 3 assesses the fiscal risks posed by SOEs, especially those in the energy sector. Chapter 4 puts forth possible solutions. Chapter 5 summarizes the main conclusions of this note: 1) despite privatizations and attempts at restructuring, Tajikistan still has a large, inefficient, and heavily indebted public sector; 2) the lack of comprehensive information about the sector undermines budget credibility and budget integrity; 3) multiple but uncoordinated functions, responsibilities, and accountability lines limit government ability to form a comprehensive view of the SOE sector, define a consistent strategy, and effect transparency, performance, reporting, and oversight; 4) elaborate QFAs of SOEs and other public institutions create substantial fiscal risks and undermine the hard-earned benefits of fiscal consolidation; 5) liabilities, explicit and implicit, created by SOE operations are large and must be accounted for and properly delineated; 6) solutions proposed to address the major issues are phasing out QFAs, optimizing the size and scope of the SOE sector, and improving SOE management; and 7) SOE reform should be an integral part of the general reform agenda 40 17-11-21 00:18:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869694 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20749 Volltext, Open Access

1759725129

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725129 OCoLC 1255598936 WBOKR 20755 EBP 064564614 KEP 064564614 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20755 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tajikistan Key Issues in Public Finance Management World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Takijistan policy notes on public expenditures policy note no. 4 Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s BUDGET s FISCAL POLICY s GOVERNANCE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLICE FINANCE MANAGEMENT s STRENGTHENING ACCOUNTABILITY s TRANSPARENCY English en_US This policy note is part of the World Bank's Programmatic Public Expenditure Review (PER) work program for FY2012-2014. The PER consists of a series of fiscal policy notes, which aim at providing the Government of Tajikistan with recommendations to strengthen budgetary processes and analysis. This policy note, the fourth in the series, continues the fiscal policy dialogue conducted in the previous notes. It is structured as follows. Section 2 describes the current state of public finance management (PFM) reform in Tajikistan. Sections 3 and 4 examine the amount and nature of public spending. Section 5 explores the objectives the Government aims to accomplish through its spending. Section 6 summarizes the conclusions of the note: 1) since 2009, significant progress has been achieved in strengthening the PFM systems in Tajikistan; 2) the PFM reform agenda remains large and complex and further progress depends upon overall progress in transparency, efficiency, and equitable governance; 3) the reasons for delays in PFM reform in Tajikistan have not generally been technical but have resulted from the challenges of managing the change associated with reform; 4) the Government is urged to refocus its efforts on delivering all targeted core reforms to obtain and share the amounts, nature, and accomplishments of public spending; 5) improvement in donor practices will help achieve these core objectives as well as facilitate planning, align budget spending with strategic goals, and strengthen accountability; 6) as the PFM reform strategy has passed its mid-point by 2014, the efforts need to be focused on completing the establishment of core PFM functions and on creating preconditions for more advanced reforms. This note provides a number of recommendations to the Government to help achieve its stated PFM reform 40 17-11-21 00:18:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869708 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20755 Volltext, Open Access

1759725137

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725137 OCoLC 1255598926 WBOKR 20770 EBP 064564606 KEP 064564606 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20770 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tajikistan Review of Public Expenditures on Education World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Takijistan policy notes on public expenditures policy note no. 3 Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s BUDGETARY PROCESS s DEMOGRAPHICS s EARLY DROPOUTS s EDUCATION s ENROLLMENT s FINANCING s FISCAL SPACE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE s TEACHER WAGES English en_US This policy note is part of the World Bank's Programmatic Public Expenditure Review (PER) work program for FY2012-2014. The PER consists of a series of fiscal policy notes, which aim at providing the Government of Tajikistan with recommendations to strengthen budgetary processes and analysis. This policy note, the third in the series, examines public expenditures on education in Tajikistan, focusing on assessing efficiency and equity of general education spending. Section 2 reviews the characteristics of Tajikistan's educational system, including access and equity in enrollment and quality of education. Section 3 analyzes overall public spending on education and a breakdown by financing source, subsector, and expenditure category, as well as unit costs by level of education. Section 4 examines general education financing, which is the largest spending unit within the education sector, in more depth. Section 5 covers demographic trends and enrollment projections and their implications on education spending. Section 6 provides the main conclusions: 1) the level of public spending on education in Tajikistan is comparable to similarly developed countries; 2) the pre-school enrollment rate is extremely low; 3) while primary education is near universal with gender parity, early dropouts are a significant problem; 4) available evidence suggests poor quality of early learning at pre-primary and primary levels; 5) the current wage system does not provide strong incentives for highly qualified new and experienced teachers; 6) per capita financing of general education has resulted in many positive outcomes overall, but implementation varies by district; 7) unit costs for new construction of school infrastructure vary considerably; 8) high unit costs of pre-school, vocational, and tertiary education suggest significant inefficiencies within these sub-sectors; and 9) demographic developments put an upward pressure on educational spending, particularly for increasing general secondary education spending. Methods to increase the fiscal space for education are discussed 40 17-11-21 00:18:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869716 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20770 Volltext, Open Access

1759725145

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725145 OCoLC 1255598927 WBOKR 20771 EBP 064564592 KEP 064564592 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20771 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tajikistan Review of Public Expenditures on Health World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Takijistan policy notes on public expenditures policy note no. 2 Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s FISCAL SPACE s HEALTH FINANCING s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICE INEQUALITY s HEALTHCARE USE s ORGANIZATIONAL REFORMS s PUBLIC HEALTH EXPENDITURES English en_US This policy note is part of the World Bank's Programmatic Public Expenditure Review (PER) work program for FY2012-2014. The PER consists of a series of fiscal policy notes, which aim at providing the Government of Tajikistan with recommendations to strengthen budgetary processes and analysis. This policy note, the second in the series, examines public expenditures on health in Tajikistan. After an introductory section, the note describes the institutional and administrative structure of the health sector. Section 3 presents health outcomes and health care utilization indicators. Section 4 describes health financing in Tajikistan and presents the main options to expand fiscal space for health. Section 5 reviews the health financing and organizational reforms implemented in Tajikistan. Section 6 provides the main conclusions: 1) despite progress, health sector outcomes are mixed in Tajikistan and utilization pattern of health services is characterized by significant inequalities; 2) public spending on health is relatively low and skewed towards hospitals rather than outpatient care; 3) the hospital sector is characterized by oversupply of beds, avoidable inpatient admissions, low occupancy rates, and excessive average length of stay; 4) an increase in public health expenditures since 2000 was largely driven by the expanding wage bill, while other expenditures had been compressed; 5) public health expenditures show a regressive incidence, with the distribution of inpatient care more pro-rich than outpatient care; 6) the large reliance on out-of-pocket produces a high incidence of catastrophic spending; 7) a number of health financing and organizational reforms have been initiated since 2000, but the scope and coverage is still limited; and 8) the overall prospect for increasing fiscal space for health in Tajikistan are positive, with rationalization of both the overall budget and the public health delivery system 40 17-11-21 00:18:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869724 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20771 Volltext, Open Access

1759725153

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725153 OCoLC 1255598977 WBOKR 20772 EBP 064564584 KEP 064564584 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20772 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tajikistan Government Expenditures Size, Composition and Trends World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Takijistan policy notes on public expenditures policy note no. 1 Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s ACCESS TO PUBLIC SERVICES s CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL POLICY s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SPENDING s REVENUE COLLECTION s RISKS s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX POLICY ANALYSIS English en_US This policy note is part of the World Bank's Programmatic Public Expenditure Review (PER) work program for FY2012-2014. The PER consists of a series of fiscal policy notes, which aim at providing the Government of Tajikistan with recommendations to strengthen budgetary processes and analysis. This policy note, the first in the series, sets the stage for the further in-depth discussion of the issues, identified in the note, based on the analysis of trends and composition of public spending during the period 2007-2013. The note is structured as follows. Section 2 begins with a brief review of macroeconomic context to provide the background for analysis of fiscal policy during the last six years and implications for fiscal policy going forward. Section 3 presents the overall fiscal picture and highlights the fiscal risks to be addressed to sustain the recent progress in fiscal consolidation. Sections 4 and 5 dig deeper in the composition and trends of expenditures and reviews, respectively. Section 6 provides the main conclusions: 1) fiscal consolidation is on track, but further building of fiscal buffers may be needed; 2) risks to the fiscal adjustment are both domestic and external; 3) public finance management has improved, but reform is progressing slowly; 4) the size of government is small, but it is skewed toward capital outlays; 5) public spending on social sectors has increased, but the quality and access to public services must be improved; 6) revenue collection is challenged due to weaknesses in tax evasion detection and tax policy analysis; and 7) a recently revised Tax Code became effective in 2013 and is expected to enhance incentives for the private sector to grow while reducing incentives for tax evasion 40 17-11-21 00:18:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869732 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20772 Volltext, Open Access

1759725161

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725161 OCoLC 1255598876 WBOKR 20582 EBP 064564576 KEP 064564576 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20582 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Korea Financial Sector Assessment Program Detailed Assessment of Observance - Assessment of Observance of CPSS-IOSCO Principles for Financial Market Infrastructures--BOK-WIRE+ and KRX CCP International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Korea, Republic of s ACCOUNTING s AUCTION s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDITS s BANKING INSTITUTIONS s BANKRUPTCY s BENCHMARK STOCK s BENEFICIARY s BILATERAL NETTING s BOND s BOND TRADING s BROKER s BROKERS s BUSINESS REGULATIONS s BUSINESS RISKS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL RATIO s CASH MARKET s CASH PAYMENTS s CASH SETTLEMENT s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s CENTRAL SECURITIES DEPOSITORIES s CENTRAL SECURITIES DEPOSITORY s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL RISK s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITIES s COMMODITIES FUTURES s COMMODITY s COMPENSATION FUND s COMPENSATION FUNDS s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE DEBENTURES s CORPORATE SECURITIES s CREDIT EXPOSURES s CREDIT LINE s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT LOSS s CREDIT LOSSES s CREDIT POLICIES s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT s CREDIT RISKS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENCY s CUSTODIAN BANKS s CUSTODY s DEBENTURES s DEBT s DEBTOR s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DERIVATIVES s DERIVATIVES MARKET s DERIVATIVES MARKETS s DIRECT ACCESS s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DOMESTIC FINANCIAL MARKETS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELECTRONIC FUNDS s ELIGIBLE COLLATERAL s ENFORCEABILITY s EXPOSURE s EXPOSURES s FINANCE CORPORATION s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SHOCKS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS s FOREIGN SHARES s FRAMEWORK FOR COLLATERAL s FUTURES s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BOND FUTURES s GOVERNMENT BOND MARKET s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s HOLDING s HOUSING BONDS s HUMAN RESOURCES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSOLVENCY PROCEEDINGS s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE CORPORATION s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE FUTURES s INTEREST RATE SWAPS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL BONDS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCES s JURISDICTION s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL IMPEDIMENTS s LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY FACILITIES s LIQUIDITY FACILITY s LIQUIDITY RISK s LIQUIDITY RISKS s LOAN s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MARK TO MARKET s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET EFFICIENCY s MARKET FOR BOND s MARKET FOR BONDS s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURES s MARKET OVERSIGHT s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET REGULATION s MARKET REGULATIONS s MARKET RISKS s MARKET STOCK s MATURITIES s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONETARY STABILITY s MONEY SETTLEMENTS s NET DEBT s OPERATIONAL RISK s OPTION CONTRACTS s OPTIONS FUTURES s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE s PAYMENT FLOWS s PAYMENT ORDERS s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PAYMENTS SYSTEMS s PRICE CHANGES s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s REAL TIME GROSS SETTLEMENT s REGULATORS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY STRUCTURE s REPO s REPO TRANSACTIONS s REPOS s RESERVES s RISK CONTROL s RISK FACTORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES DEALERS s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT INFRASTRUCTURE s SETTLEMENT INFRASTRUCTURES s SETTLEMENT OBLIGATIONS s SETTLEMENT OF FUNDS s SETTLEMENT OF TRANSACTIONS s SETTLEMENT PROCEDURES s SETTLEMENT RISK s SETTLEMENT SERVICE s SETTLEMENT SERVICES s SETTLEMENT SYSTEM s SETTLEMENT SYSTEMS s SHARE TRADING s SHAREHOLDERS s SHORT-TERM BONDS s STATUTORY LAW s STOCK INDEX s STOCK INDEX FUTURE s STOCK INDEX FUTURES s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKETS s STOCK PRICE s STOCKS s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s SYSTEMIC RISK s TAX s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRADING s TRADING ACTIVITIES s TRADING FLOOR s TRADING VOLUME s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BONDS s TREASURY STOCK s TYPES OF INSTRUMENTS s UNDERLYING ASSETS s VALUE OF ASSETS s VALUE PAYMENT SYSTEM s VALUE TRANSFERS s VOLATILITY s WAREHOUSE English en_US This report contains the assessments of the Bank of Korea (BOK)-wire+ and Korea exchange (KRX) central counterparty (CCP) based on the committee on payment and settlement systems (CPSS) - International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) principles for financial market infrastructures (PFMI). The assessment was undertaken in the context of the international monetary fund's (IMF's) financial sector assessment program (FSAP) to the Republic of Korea in April and July 2013. The objective of the assessment has been to identify potential risks related to the FMIs that may affect financial stability. The scope of the assessment includes two main FMIs as well as the authorities in Korea responsible for regulation, supervision, and oversight of FMIs. The BOK-wire+ and the KRX CCP are assessed against all relevant principles of the PFMI. The authorities, being the BOK, the financial services committee (FSC), and the financial supervisory service (FSS), are assessed using the responsibilities for authorities of FMIs. This report provides introduction; methodology and information used for the assessment; overview of the payment, clearing, and settlement landscape; and key findings follow up for the BOK-wire+; key findings and follow-up for the KRX-CCP; key findings and follow up for authorities; recommendations for the BOK-wire+; recommendations for the KRX-CCP; and recommendations for authorities 40 17-11-21 00:18:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869740 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20582 Volltext, Open Access

175972517X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972517X OCoLC 1255598878 WBOKR 20581 EBP 064564568 KEP 064564568 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20581 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Korea Financial Sector Assessment Program Detailed Assessment of Observance - Basel Core Principles folr Effective Banking Supervision International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Korea, Republic of s ACCESS TO BANKS s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s AFFILIATES s ARBITRAGE s ASSET CLASS s ASSET CLASSES s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET MANAGEMENT COMPANIES s ASSET PRICE s ASSET QUALITY s AUDITING s AUDITS s AUTONOMY s BALANCE SHEET s BANK BORROWINGS s BANK DEPOSIT s BANK EXAMINATION s BANK FAILURE s BANK HOLDING s BANK HOLDING COMPANIES s BANK OF KOREA s BANK OFFICERS s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING LAWS s BANKING REGULATION s BANKING REGULATIONS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR ASSETS s BANKING SECTORS s BANKING SUPERVISION s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKING SYSTEMS s BANKRUPTCY s BANKS s BORROWER s BROKERS s BUDGETARY PROCESSES s BUDGETING s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL BASE s CAPITAL FLOW s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL PLANNING s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPITALIZATION s CASH FLOW s CHECKS s COLLATERAL s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICES s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONSOLIDATED SUPERVISION s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT COOPERATIVES s CREDIT LOSS s CREDIT POLICIES s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT s CREDIT UNIONS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s CUSTODY s DEBT s DEBT REDUCTION s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSIT TAKING INSTITUTIONS s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS s DEPOSITS s DERIVATIVES s DOMESTIC BANKS s DUE DILIGENCE s EMPLOYMENT s EQUITY CAPITAL s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL AUDITORS s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DATA s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL POLICIES s FINANCIAL SECTOR ASSESSMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED INVESTMENT s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FUTURES s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDING s HOLDING COMPANIES s HUMAN RESOURCES s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE CORPORATION s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s ISSUANCE s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGISLATION s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RATIOS s LIQUIDITY RISK s LOAN s LOAN LOSS PROVISIONS s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS s MANDATES s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET INDEX s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET RISK s MARKET SHARE s MARKET STRUCTURE s MATURITY s MATURITY MISMATCH s MERCHANT BANKS s MICRO CREDIT s MINIMUM CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s MONETARY FUND s MORAL HAZARD s MORTGAGE s MUTUAL SAVINGS s MUTUAL SAVINGS BANKS s NATURAL DISASTER s NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONBANKS s NPL s OFFSITE MONITORING s OFFSITE SUPERVISION s OFFSITE SURVEILLANCE s ONSITE EXAMINATION s OPERATIONAL INDEPENDENCE s OPERATIONAL RISK s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE s PENALTIES s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO FLOWS s PORTFOLIO INFLOWS s PORTFOLIOS s POST OFFICE s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PRUDENTIAL REQUIREMENTS s PRUDENTIAL STANDARDS s PUBLIC FUNDS s REGIONAL BANKS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY PRACTICES s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT CAPACITY s RESERVE s RESERVES s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RETURN s RISK CAPITAL s RISK EXPOSURES s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s RISK PROFILE s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SETTLEMENT s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDERS s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SMALL LOANS s SPECIALIZED BANKS s STOCKS s SUBSIDIARIES s SUBSIDIARY s SUPERVISION OF BANKS s SUPERVISORY AGENCY s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s SUPERVISORY BOARD s SUPERVISORY FRAMEWORK s SUPERVISORY POWERS s SYSTEMIC RISK s TAX s TERRORISM s TIER 1 CAPITAL s TOTAL DEBT s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSFER RISK s TRANSFER RISKS s TRANSPARENCY s VALUATION s VALUATIONS s WRITE OFFS English en_US This assessment of the current state of the implementation of the Basel core principles for effective banking supervision (BCP) in the Republic of Korea has been completed as part of a financial sector assessment program (FSAP) update undertaken by the international monetary fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) during 2013. It reflects the regulatory and supervisory framework in place as of the date of the completion of the assessment. An assessment of the effectiveness of banking supervision requires a review of the legal framework, and detailed examination of the policies and practices of the institution(s) responsible for banking regulation and supervision. In line with the BCP methodology, the assessment focused on the financial services commission - financial supervisory authority (FSC-FSS). This FSAP provides introduction; information and methodology used for assessment; institutional and macroeconomic setting and market structure - overview; preconditions for effective banking supervision; summary compliance with the Basel core principles; and detailed assessment 40 17-11-21 00:18:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869759 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20581 Volltext, Open Access

1759725188

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725188 OCoLC 1255598984 WBOKR 20580 EBP 06456455X KEP 06456455X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20580 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Korea Financial Sector Assessment Program Detailed Assessment of Observance - IOSCO Objectives and Principles of Securities Regulation International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Korea, Republic of s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEM s ALTERNATIVE TRADING SYSTEMS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDIT STANDARDS s AUDITS s AUTHORIZATION REQUIREMENT s BANK BRANCHES s BANKING INSTITUTIONS s BANKRUPTCY s BOND s BOND BUSINESS s BOND TRADING s BONDS s BOOK VALUE s BROKER s BROKERAGE s BUSINESS INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL RATIO s CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL SECURITIES DEPOSITORY s CHECKS s CIVIL LAW s CLIENT ASSETS s CODE OF CONDUCT s COLLATERAL s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COMMERCIAL LAW s COMPENSATION FUNDS s CONDUCT REQUIREMENTS s CONFIDENTIALITY s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT POLICIES s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATING AGENCIES s CREDIT RATING AGENCY s CREDIT UNIONS s CUSTODY s DEBT s DEFAULT RISK s DEFAULTS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITOR s DEPOSITS s DERIVATIVES s DERIVATIVES MARKETS s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS s ENFORCEMENT POWERS s ENFORCEMENT PROCESS s EQUITIES s EQUITY SECURITIES s EXPOSURE s EXPOSURES s FAIR TRADE s FAIR VALUE s FINANCE CORPORATION s FINANCIAL CONTRACTS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FIXED INCOME s FIXED INCOME SECURITIES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FRAUD s FUND ASSETS s FUND MANAGEMENT s FUND MANAGERS s FUTURES s FUTURES CONTRACT s FUTURES EXCHANGE s FUTURES MARKETS s HEDGE FUND s HEDGE FUND MANAGERS s HEDGE FUNDS s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s ILLIQUID SECURITIES s INCOME INSTRUMENTS s INDEPENDENT JUDICIARY s INDIRECT HOLDING SYSTEMS s INFORMATION SERVICE s INFORMATION SHARING s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSIDER TRADING s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE CORPORATION s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURERS s INTERESTS OF INVESTORS s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICE s INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s INVESTOR BASE s INVESTOR PROTECTION s ISSUANCE s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s JURISDICTION s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL IMPEDIMENTS s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET DEVELOPMENTS s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURES s MARKET INTERMEDIARIES s MARKET INTERMEDIARY s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRACTICE s MARKET PRACTICES s MARKET STRUCTURE s MARKET SURVEILLANCE s MINIMUM CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s MONOPOLY s MUTUAL SAVINGS s POLICY RESPONSES s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO MANAGERS s POTENTIAL INVESTOR s PRICE LIMITS s PRIMARY MARKET s PRIVATE PLACEMENT s PRIVATE PLACEMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PUBLIC OFFERING s REAL ESTATE s REGISTRATION STATEMENT s REGISTRATION STATEMENTS s REGULATOR s REGULATORS s REGULATORY AUTHORITIES s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s REGULATORY STRUCTURE s REGULATORY SYSTEM s RESERVE s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RETAIL INVESTORS s RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s SAVINGS BANKS s SECONDARY MARKETS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES BROKERS s SECURITIES DEALERS s SECURITIES EXCHANGES s SECURITIES HOLDING s SECURITIES LAW s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKETS s SECURITIES REGULATION s SECURITIES REGULATOR s SELF-REGULATION s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT SYSTEM s SETTLEMENT SYSTEMS s SHAREHOLDERS s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s STOCK PRICE s STOCKS s SUPERVISION OF BANKS s SUPERVISORY AGENCIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s SYSTEMIC RISK s SYSTEMIC RISKS s TRADES s TRADING s TRADING ACTIVITY s TRADING SYSTEM s TRADING SYSTEMS s TRADING VALUE s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TRUSTEE s TRUSTEES s TURNOVER s VALUATION English en_US An assessment of the level of implementation of the IOSCO Objectives and Principles of Securities Regulation (IOSCO Principles) was conducted in the Republic of Korea (Korea) from April 3 to 19, 2013 as part of the IMF-World Bank Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP). The assessment was made by Eija Holttinen, Monetary and Capital Markets Department, IMF, and Andrea Corcoran, an external expert working for the World Bank. The previous IOSCO assessment of Korea was conducted in 2001-02 before the first IOSCO Assessment Methodology had been developed. From the perspective of the IOSCO Principles, this is therefore effectively a first assessment. Hence, comparisons with the prior assessment are discouraged since the process has since been refined to promote consistency and has become progressively more rigorous. The assessment was based on: (i) a self-assessment and additional written responses prepared by the authorities; (ii) reviews of the relevant legislation and regulations; (iii) meetings with the management and staff of the FSC, SFC, FSS, Ministry of Strategy and Finance (MOSF), Bank of Korea (BOK), Seoul Central District Public Prosecutor s Office; and (iv) meetings with SROs and market participants, including the KRX, Korea Securities Depository (KSD), KOFIA, KICPA, Korean Chamber of Commerce and Industry, banks, securities companies, fund managers, issuers, credit rating agencies, audit firms and local lawyers specialized in securities markets law 40 17-11-21 00:18:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869767 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20580 Volltext, Open Access

1759725196

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725196 OCoLC 1255598861 WBOKR 20583 EBP 064564541 KEP 064564541 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20583 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Vietnam World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ACCESS TO INSURANCE s ACCOUNT HOLDERS s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK s ACCOUNTING STANDARD s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET VALUES s AUCTION s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK DEPOSIT s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK PAYMENT s BANKING ASSETS s BANKING LAW s BANKING REGULATION s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY LAW s BENCHMARK YIELD s BENCHMARK YIELD CURVE s BENEFICIARIES s BLUE CHIPS s BOND s BOND FUNDS s BOND MARKET s BOND MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBT s CENTRAL SECURITIES DEPOSITORY s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPENSATION FUND s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE BOND MARKET s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT BUREAUS s CREDIT DECISIONS s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RATIONING s CREDIT REPORTING s CREDIT REPORTING SYSTEM s CREDIT RISK s CREDITOR s CREDITOR RIGHTS s CREDITORS s DEBT s DEBT COLLECTION s DEBT COLLECTION CASES s DEBT SERVICE s DEBTOR s DEBTORS s DEBTS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS s EQUITIES s EQUITY MARKET s EQUITY MARKET CAPITALIZATION s EQUITY MARKETS s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL DISTRESS s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FIXED INCOME s FIXED INCOME MARKET s FLOATING RATE s FLOW OF CREDIT s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FRAUD s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BOND MARKET s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT MARKET s GUARANTEE FUND s HOUSING FINANCE s ILLIQUIDITY s INCOME SECURITIES s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INTEREST RATE PRODUCTS s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATES s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTOR BASE s INVESTOR EDUCATION s IPO s ISSUANCE s JUDICIAL PROCESS s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDERS s LEVELS OF COLLATERAL s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY POSITIONS s LIQUIDITY RISK s LOAN s LOAN CLASSIFICATION s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOCAL BANKS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LONG-TERM FINANCE s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC VOLATILITY s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET CONFIDENCE s MARKET DEPTH s MARKET DISTORTIONS s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURES s MARKET INTEREST RATE s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PLAYERS s MATURITY s MICRO-FINANCE s MICRO-FINANCE INSTITUTION s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MORTGAGE s MOVABLE ASSETS s MUTUAL FUND s MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY s MUTUAL FUNDS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OPERATIONAL INDEPENDENCE s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PORTFOLIO s POSTAL SAVINGS s PRICE DISCOVERY s PRIMARY DEALER s PRIMARY DEALER SYSTEM s PRIMARY MARKET s PRIMARY MARKETS s PRIVATE SALE s PROVISION OF CREDIT s PROVISIONING RULES s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PRUDENTIAL SUPERVISION s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC MARKET s REAL ESTATE COLLATERAL s REAL ESTATE LENDING s REAL ESTATE LOANS s REGISTRATION SYSTEM s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVES s RETAIL INVESTORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAFETY NET s SAVINGS INSTRUMENTS s SAVINGS RATIO s SECONDARY MARKET s SECONDARY MARKETS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKETS s SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS s SECURITY INTERESTS s SEIZURE s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT SYSTEM s SETTLEMENT SYSTEMS s SOLVENCY s SOURCE OF CREDIT s STATE AUDIT OFFICE s STATE BANK s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STRATEGIC INVESTORS s SUPERVISORY AGENCIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s TERRORISM s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TREASURY s TREASURY BONDS s UNDERLYING ASSETS s UNSECURED CLAIMS s VALUATION English en_US Vietnam has achieved remarkable progress since the start of its transition from a centrally planned economy in the mid-1980s. The Economic Renovation Policy announced in December 1986 marked the transition from a centrally planned economy to a mixed economy with greater reliance on markets and increased participation of private financial and non-financial institutions. These reforms contributed to an impressive performance in the last two decades, since 1990 the annual GDP growth has exceed 7 percent and per capita income has increased three-fold. This Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) provides a broad set of policy recommendations that can be used to operationalize the SEDP and the banking restructuring program. The recommendations fall into three groups: (i) a plan to work out the large stock of existing NPLs; (ii) measures to ensure sound new flows of finance and prevent the accumulation of additional NPLs; and (iii) a set of policy steps designed to protect the financial sector during the envisaged reform period. For each group of measures, the plan identifies pre-conditions (first phase) and sub-sets of measures that needs to be implemented in the short run (second phase) as well as those that can be phased in over the medium term (third phase) 40 17-11-21 00:18:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869775 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20583 Volltext, Open Access

175972520X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972520X OCoLC 1255598958 WBOKR 20578 EBP 064564533 KEP 064564533 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20578 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rwanda Transformation of Agriculture Sector, Phase 3 Integrated Fiduciary Assessment Report World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Rwanda s ACCOUNT s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTANTS s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING POLICIES s ACCOUNTING RECORDS s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS s ACCOUNTS PAYABLE s ANTI-CORRUPTION s ANTICORRUPTION s ARREARS s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDIT COMMITTEES s AUDIT OBJECTIVES s AUDIT REPORTS s AUDIT RISK s AUDITING s AUDITOR s AUDITS s BANK ACCOUNTS s BEST PRACTICES s BIDS s BORROWER s BRIBE s BRIBERY s BRIBES s BUDGET APPROPRIATIONS s BUDGET CLASSIFICATION s BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION s BUDGET MONITORING s BUDGET PRESENTATION s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET TRANSFERS s BUDGETING s BUSINESS COMMUNITY s BUSINESS PROCESSES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CASH BALANCES s CASH ECONOMY s CASH FLOW s CASH MANAGEMENT s CHECKS s CIVIL SOCIETY s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s COMPLIANCE AUDITING s CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s CONSOLIDATION s CONTRACTORS s COOPERATIVES s CORRUPT s CORRUPTION s CORRUPTION PERCEPTIONS s CORRUPTION PERCEPTIONS INDEX s CORRUPTION PREVENTION s COUNTRY COMPARISONS s CPI s CREDIBILITY s CREDITORS s CRIMINAL s DEBTOR s DEBTORS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DISCRETION s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMPLOYMENT s EQUIPMENT s ETHICS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL AUDITORS s EXTERNAL FINANCE s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL POLICIES s FIXED ASSETS s FRAUD s FUNDS FLOW s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s HUMAN RESOURCE s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INITIATIVE s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSTRUMENT s INTEGRITY s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDITING s INTERNAL AUDITORS s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW s INVESTIGATION s INVESTIGATIONS s INVESTIGATORS s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s JUSTICE s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LAND USE s LAWS s LEADERSHIP s LEADERSHIP CODE s LEGAL AGREEMENT s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LIABILITY s LIMA DECLARATION s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MANAGEMENT REPORTS s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET PRACTICES s MARKETING s MDAS s MEDIA s MINISTER s NATIONAL BANK s NATURAL RESOURCES s PAYMENT ORDERS s PAYROLL s PENALTIES s POLICE s POLITICIANS s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT LAW s PROCUREMENT POLICY s PROCUREMENTS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROSECUTION s PROSECUTOR s PROSECUTORS s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RETURN s RISK MANAGEMENT s SALES s SANCTIONS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SUBSIDIARY s TAX RULES s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TURNOVER s WHISTLE BLOWERS s WITHHOLDING TAX s WRITTEN RECORDS English en_US An Integrated Fiduciary Assessment (IFA) was conducted for the proposed Transformation of Agriculture Sector Program Phase-3 (PSTA 3) Program-for-Results (PforR) operation. The assessment used the DRAFT Guidance Notes on Program-for-Results Operations and Requirements of OP/BP 9.00, Program for Results, (PforR). The OECD-DAC four pillars approach was also used to define the inherent risks in the procurement environment. The assessment covered the institutions directly responsible for the program, namely: Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources (MINAGRI), Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB), and National Agriculture Export Board (NAEB); Rwanda Public Procurement Authority (RPPA); National Public Prosecution Authority (NPPA); Office of the Ombudsman (OM); Office of the Auditor General (OAG); and one District Council from each of the four provinces based on the size of budget transfers and population. The assessment also involved discussions with key nonstate actors and stakeholders, including the Private Sector Federation and member confederations, Transparency International (TI) Rwanda chapter, and the National Cooperatives Confederation of Rwanda 40 17-11-21 00:18:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869783 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20578 Volltext, Open Access

1759725218

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725218 OCoLC 1255598992 WBOKR 20579 EBP 064564525 KEP 064564525 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20579 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Understanding Risk in an Evolving World A Policy Note Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource s ACTUAL COST s APPLICATIONS s BUILDING CODE s BUILDING CODES s CATASTROPHES s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONTINGENCY PLANNING s DAMAGES s DEVASTATION s DISASTER s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISASTER MITIGATION s DISASTER REDUCTION s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISKS s DISASTERS s DISASTER_RISK s DROUGHT s EARLY WARNING s EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS s EARTHQUAKE s EARTHQUAKE INSURANCE s EMERGENCY RESPONDERS s EMERGENCY SERVICE s EMERGENCY SERVICES s EMPLOYMENT s EVACUATION s EXTREME EVENTS s EXTREME WEATHER s FATALITIES s FINANCIAL RISK s FIRE s FIRES s FLOOD s FLOOD PROTECTION s FOOD SECURITY s IMPACT EVENTS s INCOME s INFORMED DECISIONS s INNOVATION s INNOVATIONS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE REGULATIONS s LANDSLIDE s LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES s NATURAL CATASTROPHE s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARD s NATURAL HAZARDS s NEGOTIATIONS s NON-LIFE INSURANCE s NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS s PROGRAMS s RECONSTRUCTION s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REINSURANCE s RISK ANALYSIS s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK ASSESSMENTS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK REDUCTION s SOLVENCY s STORM s SUBSIDIARY s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TSUNAMI s URBANIZATION English en_US The foundation for DRM is understanding the hazards, and the exposure and vulnerability of people and assets to those hazards. By quantifying the risks and anticipating the potential impacts of hazards, governments, communities, and individuals can make informed prevention decisions. Such information can be used to set priorities for development and adaptation strategies, sector plans, programs, projects, and budgets 40 17-11-21 00:18:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869791 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20579 Volltext, Open Access

1759725226

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:56.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725226 OCoLC 1255598964 WBOKR 20584 EBP 064564517 KEP 064564517 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20584 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO More Jobs, Better Jobs A Priority for Egypt World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s ADJUSTMENT POLICIES s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AGE CATEGORY s AGE DISTRIBUTION s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURE s BANKRUPTCY s BULLETIN s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s COMPETITION POLICY s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMERS s CRISES s CURRENT POPULATION s CYCLICAL UNEMPLOYMENT s DEBT s DECISION MAKING s DEMOGRAPHIC GROWTH s DEREGULATION s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DISABILITY s DISTORTED INCENTIVES s DOMESTIC WORKERS s EARLY RETIREMENT s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC RESEARCH s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s ECONOMIC STRUCTURE s ECONOMIC VULNERABILITIES s ECONOMICS s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL LEVELS s EMPLOYER s EMPLOYMENT CREATION s EMPLOYMENT GENERATION s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES s EMPLOYMENT POLICIES s EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP s EMPLOYMENT SHARE s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORTS s EXTREME POVERTY s FAIR ACCESS s FEMALE EMPLOYMENT s FEMALE LABOR s FEMALE LABOR FORCE s FERTILITY s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FIRM ENTRY s FIRM SIZE s FISCAL POLICY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN OWNERSHIP s FULL EMPLOYMENT s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GENDER s GENDER GAPS s GENDER INEQUALITY s GNP s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT REGULATION s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH INSURANCE s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INDUSTRIAL LABOR s INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT s INFORMAL SECTOR s INNOVATION s INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION s INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT s JOB CREATION s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JOB SECURITY s JOB STATUS s JOBS s JOBS CRISIS s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR LAWS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES s LABOR MARKET POLICIES s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR SHORTAGES s LABOR STATISTICS s LABOR-INTENSIVE PRODUCTION s LABORERS s LABOUR s LEGAL PROTECTION s LIFETIME JOB SECURITY s LOW UNEMPLOYMENT s LOW UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMICS s MALE WORKERS s MANPOWER s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES s MARKET ECONOMIES s MARKET FAILURES s MICRO ENTERPRISES s MIGRANT s MIGRATION s MINIMUM WAGE s MODERNIZATION s MONOPOLIES s MONOPOLY s NATIONAL SECURITY s NDP s NET JOB CREATION s NUMBER OF WORKERS s OLD AGE s OPEN DOOR s OPPORTUNISTIC BEHAVIOR s OPPORTUNITY COST s OVERVALUATION s PENSIONS s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POLICY MAKERS s POLITICAL DECISION s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POPULATION DISTRIBUTION s POPULATION GROWTH s PRESS RELEASE s PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT s PRIVATE ENTERPRISES s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PRIVATE SECTOR JOB s PRIVATE SECTORS s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTION PROCESS s PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT s PROGRESS s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEE s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR JOB s PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS s RADIO s RATE OF GROWTH s REAL GDP s REGIONAL POLICY s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s RENTS s RESPECT s RETAIL TRADE s RETIREMENT s SAFETY s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SELF EMPLOYED s SERVANTS s SKILLED LABOR s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL FUND s SOCIAL SECTORS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL UNREST s SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION s SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s TEEN s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TEMPORARY WORKERS s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE BARRIERS s TRANSPORTATION s TV s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNEMPLOYMENT REDUCTION s UNFAIR COMPETITION s USER FEES s VALUE ADDED s WAGE GAP s WAGE POLICY s WAGE STRUCTURE s WAGES s WAR s WEALTH s WORK FORCE s WORKER s WORKERS s WORKFORCE s WORKING-AGE POPULATION s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNG WOMEN s YOUNG WORKERS s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES English en_US Much of the current debate around the recent economic crisis in the Arab Republic of Egypt has focused on unemployment. Although unemployment is an important marker of labor market health, the jobs problem in Egypt precedes the recent crisis and is manifested markedly in other labor market metrics. Indeed, the link between growth and unemployment in Egypt is weak, particularly for men. This chapter argues that the reason for this weak link is partly related to decades of flawed industrial policies that have discouraged investment in employment-generating activities. Industrial policies, including those implemented in the mid-2000s, were never focused on mitigating market failures to promote the emergence of fast-growing, high-productivity firms. Instead, they have worked to preserve insider privileges, leading to growth in sectors that are not labor intensive. Policy makers therefore need to look beyond supply-side focused labor market policies to accelerate employment growth 40 17-11-21 00:18:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869805 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20584 Volltext, Open Access

1759725234

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725234 OCoLC 1255598943 WBOKR 20585 EBP 064564509 KEP 064564509 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20585 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Strategic Assessment of the Ethiopian Mineral Sector Final Report World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia s ACCIDENTS s ACID MINE DRAINAGE s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s ALLUVIAL GOLD MINING s AQUACULTURE s ARSENIC s ARTISAN MINING s ARTISANAL GOLD s ARTISANAL MINERS s ASM s ASM ACTIVITIES s ASM MINERS s ASM SECTOR s BAUXITE s BENEFICIATION s CADASTRE s CADASTRE AND REGISTRY SYSTEM s CADASTRES s CLOSURE s COAL s CONCESSION s COPPER s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s DIATOMITE s DIMENSION STONE s DRILLING s EITI s EMISSIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s EQUALIZATION s EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES s EXPLORATION AND MINING s EXPLORATION AND MINING LICENSES s EXPLORATION LICENSE s EXTRACTIVE SECTOR s FE s FELDSPAR s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FUEL s GAS s GAS RESOURCES s GASES s GEMSTONES s GEOLOGICAL DATA s GEOLOGICAL MAP s GEOLOGICAL MAPPING s GEOLOGICAL SURVEY s GEOLOGY s GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS s GOLD s GOLD MINE s GOLD MINERS s GOLD MINING s GOLD PRODUCTION s GROUNDWATER s HEALTH AND SAFETY s INCOME TAX s INDUSTRIAL MINERALS s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSPECTION s INTERNATIONAL MINING s IRON s IRRIGATION s KAOLIN s LAKES s LAND USE s LARGE-SCALE MINING s LEACHING s LICENSE AREA s LICENSE NUMBER s LICENSEE s MARSHES s METALS s METHANE s MINE DEVELOPMENT s MINE PLANS s MINERAL s MINERAL DEVELOPMENT s MINERAL EXPLORATION s MINERAL LEGISLATION s MINERAL LICENSES s MINERAL OCCURRENCES s MINERAL POLICY s MINERAL POTENTIAL s MINERAL PROCESSING s MINERAL PRODUCTION s MINERAL RESERVES s MINERAL RIGHTS s MINERAL SECTOR s MINERAL TYPE s MINERALS DEVELOPMENT s MINERALS EXPLORATION s MINERALS SECTOR s MINES s MINING ACTIVITY s MINING COMPANIES s MINING COMPANY s MINING DEVELOPMENT s MINING INVESTMENTS s MINING LICENSE s MINING LICENSES s MINING OPERATIONS s MINING POLICY s MINING PROJECT s MINING PROJECTS s MINING REGULATIONS s MINING ROYALTIES s MINING SECTOR s MINING SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s NOISE s OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY s OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH s OIL s OIL SECTOR s ORE RESERVES s ORES s OVEREXPLOITATION s PETROLEUM s PLATINUM s POLLUTANTS s POPULATION DENSITY s POTASH s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PRIVATIZATION s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s QUARTZ s RADIOACTIVITY s RADON s RAILWAY s RAILWAYS s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s RESOURCE RENTS s RESOURCE REVENUES s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE MANAGEMENT s RIVERS s ROAD s ROADS s ROCKS s ROYALTY s ROYALTY PAYMENTS s RUNOFF s SALT s SCALE MINING s SCRAP s SEDIMENTATION s SEDIMENTS s SEWAGE s SHAFTS s SILICA s SILICA SAND s SMALL SCALE s SMALL-SCALE s SMALL-SCALE MINING s SMELTER s SODA ASH s SOIL POLLUTION s SOLID WASTE s SPRINGS s STATE CONTROL s SUBSIDENCE s SURFACE TRANSPORT s SUSPENDED SOLIDS s SUSTAINABILITY s SWAMPS s TAILINGS s TAILINGS DAM s TANTALUM s TAX s TOXIC SUBSTANCES s TRANSPARENCY s UNDERGROUND s UNDERGROUND MINING s URANIUM s VEHICLE s VEHICLES s WASTE s WASTE DISPOSAL s WASTE ROCK s WELLS English en_US This report was commissioned with the aim to assist the Government of Ethiopia (GoE) in its efforts to develop the mining sector. Thus, the report has been produced in close cooperation with staff at the Ethiopian Ministry of Mines (MoM). Its findings are mostly based on desk top reviews of existing documents, on a large number of meetings, and interviews with affected and interested stakeholders, and also on some field work performed in the southern and western parts of the country. This report provides a review of the Ethiopian mining sector, and assesses its potential to contribute to sustainable economic growth and development. It further provides recommendations for the initiatives and actions that will be required for such development to take place, and it identifies the risk and opportunities that this entails. The need for this type of strategic analysis follows from the GoE ambition to, as part of the growth and transformation plan (GTP), and develop the mining sector to be a main pillar of the economy. The report is organized as follows: chapter one provides an introduction to the Ethiopian economy and the current contribution from mining, and describes general aspects of mineral sector development and how it may contribute to economic development. Chapter two presents the geological potential of the country, mineral occurrences, and mining and exploration projects. Chapter three presents possible scenarios for future mineral sector growth with economic implications, and further discusses industry linkages. Chapter's four to eleven include assessments of different mineral sector framework areas, and recommendations are provided in the end of each chapter. Chapter twelve presents' current infrastructure and development plans and finally, chapter thirteen presents a summary and prioritization of recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:18:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869813 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20585 Volltext, Open Access

1759725242

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725242 OCoLC 1255599012 WBOKR 20590 EBP 064564495 KEP 064564495 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20590 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Detailed Implementation Review India Health Sector, 2006-2007, Volume 2 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCOUNTING s ADVERTISING s ALLOCATION OF CREDIT s BANK FINANCING s BANK LENDING s BANKS s BID s BIDDING s BIDS s BRIBE s BRIBERY s BRIBES s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUSINESSES s CAPABILITY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CASH PAYMENTS s CERTIFICATE s CERTIFICATES s CHEMOTHERAPY s COLLUSION s COLLUSIVE PRACTICES s COMMUNICABLE DISEASES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY HEALTH s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVE BIDDINGS s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s COMPUTERS s CONDOMS s CORRUPT s CORRUPT PRACTICES s CORRUPTION s CREDIBILITY s CRIMINAL s DEBT s DISASTERS s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DUE DILIGENCE s END USERS s END-USER s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTENSION s FACILITATION PAYMENT s FINANCE MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT CAPACITIES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FRAUD s FRAUDULENT PRACTICES s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH SERVICES s HOSPITALS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPLEMENTATION PLAN s IMPLEMENTATION PLANS s INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS s INFORMATION SERVICE s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSPECTION s INTEGRITY s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERVENTION s INVENTORY s INVENTORY MANAGEMENT s INVESTIGATION s ISSUANCE s LABORATORIES s LAWS s LOAN s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANUFACTURING s MATERIAL s MEDICINES s MENTAL HEALTH s MIDDLEMAN s MIDDLEMEN s MINISTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NGOS s OUTSTANDING ADVANCES s PATIENTS s PC s PHONE s PHONE NUMBERS s PHOTO s POLIO s POLITICIAN s PREFERENTIAL s PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENTS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC HEALTH s QUALITY CONTROL s REGISTRY s RESULT s RESULTS s RISK GROUPS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SCREENING s SECURITIES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SETTLEMENT s SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS s SITES s STANDARDIZATION s STIS s STOCKS s STORAGE FACILITIES s SUPERVISION s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAINS s TECHNICAL EXPERTISE s TELEPHONE s TIME FRAME s TIME PERIOD s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER s VENTILATION s WITHDRAWAL pha English en_US This report summarizes the findings of a Detailed Implementation Review (DIR) of five Bank-financed projects in India: the Food and Drugs Capacity Building Project, the Orissa Health Systems Development Project; the Second National AIDS Control Project; the Malaria Control Project; and the Tuberculosis Control Project. The DIR is a strictly confidential internal World Bank document, the purpose of which is described herein. Its findings are of a highly sensitive and confidential nature and should not be used by the Government of India as the basis for initiating any administrative, criminal, or civil proceeding. The Government of India may wish to undertake its own investigation into matters raised by this DIR to determine whether any of the laws of India may have been violated. Moreover, the DIR should not be cited or referred to in the course of any Government of India investigation, in its investigation reports, or in any administrative, civil, or criminal proceedings undertaken by the Government of India related to the five projects reviewed in this report. This report is provided without prejudice to the World Bank s privileges and immunities 40 17-11-21 00:18:30.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869821 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20590 Volltext, Open Access

1759725250

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725250 OCoLC 1255598584 WBOKR 20589 EBP 064564487 KEP 064564487 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20589 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Detailed Implementation Review India Health Sector, 2006-2007, Volume 1 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCOUNTING s ANTI-CORRUPTION s ANTICORRUPTION s AUDITING s AUDITOR s AUDITS s BANKS s BED NETS s BID RIGGING s BIDDING s BIOLOGICALS s BRIBE s BRIBERY s BRIBES s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUSINESSES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CERTIFICATE s CERTIFICATES s CERTIFICATION s CHARTS s CHEMOTHERAPY s CLINICS s COLLUSION s COLLUSIVE PRACTICES s COMMUNICABLE DISEASES s COMMUNITY HEALTH s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s COMPUTER DATA s CONDOMS s CORRUPT s CORRUPT ACTS s CORRUPT PRACTICE s CORRUPT PRACTICES s CORRUPTION s CORRUPTION INVESTIGATION s CRIMINAL s DATA ANALYSES s DATA ANALYSIS s DATA MINING s DEBT s DEVELOPMENT GOALS s DISASTERS s DRUG CONTROL s DRUG TESTING s DRUGS s EQUIPMENT s EXPIRY DATES s FAVORITISM s FINANCE MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FRAUD s FRAUDULENT PRACTICE s FRAUDULENT PRACTICES s GMP s GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT SERVICES s HEALTH SERVICES s HOSPITALS s IMPLEMENTATION PLAN s IMPLEMENTATION PROCESSES s INFORMATION SERVICE s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSPECTION s INSTALLATION s INSTITUTION s INTEGRITY s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERVENTION s INVENTORY s INVENTORY MANAGEMENT s INVESTIGATION s INVESTIGATIONS s INVESTIGATORS s KICKBACK s KICKBACKS s LABORATORIES s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LAWS s LAWYERS s LEPROSY s LICENSES s LIFE EXPECTANCY s MANUFACTURING s MATERIAL s MEDICAL STORES s MEDICAL TREATMENT s MEDICINES s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s PATIENT s PC s PERFORMANCE CRITERIA s PHARMACEUTICAL s PHARMACEUTICALS s PHONE s PHONE NUMBERS s PHOTO s POLIO s PREFERENTIAL s PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PROCUREMENTS s PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC OFFICIAL s QUALITY ASSURANCE s REMEDY s RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS s RESULT s RESULTS s RISK FACTOR s RISK GROUPS s SANCTIONS s SEARCHES s SEWAGE s SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS s SITES s STANDARDIZATION s STORAGE FACILITIES s SUPERVISION s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAINS s SUPPORT STAFF s TECHNICAL EXPERTS s TECHNICAL STANDARDS s TECHNOLOGY SPECIALISTS s TELEPHONE s TRANSPARENCY s TRUST FUNDS s VACCINES s VIDEO s WATER SUPPLY pha English en_US This report summarizes the findings of a Detailed Implementation Review (DIR) of five Bank-financed projects in India: the Food and Drugs Capacity Building Project, the Orissa Health Systems Development Project; the Second National AIDS Control Project; the Malaria Control Project; and the Tuberculosis Control Project. The DIR is a strictly confidential internal World Bank document, the purpose of which is described herein. Its findings are of a highly sensitive and confidential nature and should not be used by the Government of India as the basis for initiating any administrative, criminal, or civil proceeding. The Government of India may wish to undertake its own investigation into matters raised by this DIR to determine whether any of the laws of India may have been violated. Moreover, the DIR should not be cited or referred to in the course of any Government of India investigation, in its investigation reports, or in any administrative, civil, or criminal proceedings undertaken by the Government of India related to the five projects reviewed in this report. This report is provided without prejudice to the World Bank s privileges and immunities 40 17-11-21 00:18:30.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986983X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20589 Volltext, Open Access

1759725269

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725269 OCoLC 1255598696 WBOKR 20588 EBP 064564479 KEP 064564479 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20588 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Policy Notes Indian Power Sector World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AMOUNT OF POWER s ANTHRACITE s ANTHRACITE COAL s APPROACH s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BILL COLLECTION s BULK POWER s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY SHORTAGES s CAPITAL COSTS s CARBON s CHEMICAL PLANTS s COAL s COAL EXPORTS s COAL INDUSTRY s COAL MINE s COAL MINES s COAL PRICE s COAL PRODUCER s COAL PRODUCERS s COAL PRODUCTION s COAL SUPPLY s COAL TRANSPORTATION s CODE OF CONDUCT s COLLECTION SYSTEM s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s CONCESSIONS s CONNECTION CHARGES s CONNECTION COSTS s CONSERVATION s CONSUMER PRICE s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s CONTRACT PRICES s COST RECOVERY s CRUDE OIL s CUSTOMER SERVICE s DELIVERY MECHANISMS s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DEMAND FOR POWER s DEMAND FORECAST s DEREGULATION s DIESEL s DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES s DISTRIBUTION COMPANY s DISTRIBUTION LOSSES s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS s DOMESTIC COAL s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC VIABILITY s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT s EFFICIENT USE s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRICITY BOARDS s ELECTRICITY COUNCIL s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION CAPACITY s ELECTRICITY PRICE s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SERVICES s ELECTRICITY TARIFF s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s END-USERS s ENERGY AUDIT s ENERGY ECONOMICS s ENERGY USAGE s EXPENDITURE s FAIR s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FRANCHISE MODEL s FRANCHISEES s FUEL s FUEL COST s FUEL COSTS s FUEL DEMAND s FUEL PRICE s FUEL PRICES s FUEL SUPPLY s FUELS s GAS SUPPLY s GENERATING CAPACITY s GENERATION s GENERATION CAPACITY s GRID ELECTRICITY s GRID EXTENSION s GRID OPERATOR s GRID OPERATORS s GRID SYSTEMS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEAT s HYDROPOWER s INCENTIVE MECHANISMS s INCOME s INDEPENDENT POWER PRODUCERS s INFLATION s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INVENTORIES s KEROSENE s KEROSENE USE s LEVEL OF CONSUMPTION s LNG s LOAD FACTOR s LONG TERM CONTRACT s LOWER TARIFFS s MANDATORY COMPLIANCE s MARKET FLUCTUATIONS s MARKET POWER s MARKET RISK s MARKET RISKS s MARKET STUDIES s MONOPOLIES s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUCLEAR POWER s OIL s OIL CRISIS s OPEN ACCESS s PERFORMANCE TARGETS s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POWER s POWER CAPACITY s POWER COMPANIES s POWER COMPANY s POWER CONSUMPTION s POWER FACILITIES s POWER GENERATION s POWER GENERATION CAPACITY s POWER GENERATORS s POWER GRID s POWER GRIDS s POWER INDUSTRY s POWER NETWORK s POWER PLANT s POWER PLANTS s POWER PRODUCERS s POWER SECTOR s POWER STATIONS s POWER UTILITIES s PRICE ADJUSTMENT s PRICE CHANGES s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE OF COAL s PRICE POLICY s PRICE VARIATION s PRICES FOR COAL s PRICES OF COAL s PRICING POLICY s PRICING REFORM s PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC SECTOR s RAINFALL s RAW MATERIALS s REBATE s REGULATORY DECISIONS s REGULATORY EFFICIENCY s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RESIDENTIAL USERS s RETAIL s RETAIL CONSUMERS s RETAIL TARIFFS s RURAL ELECTRIC s RURAL ELECTRIC COOPERATIVES s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s RURAL ENERGY s SALES s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS s SPOT PRICE s SPREAD s STATE UTILITIES s STEAM COAL s SUBSTITUTE s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAINS s SUPPLY INTERRUPTIONS s SURPLUS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TARIFF ADJUSTMENT s TARIFF LEVELS s TARIFF REVIEWS s TAX INCENTIVES s THERMAL POWER s THERMAL POWER GENERATION s THERMAL POWER PLANTS s TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE s UTILITIES s UTILITY COMPANIES s VESSELS s VOLATILE MATTER s VOLTAGE pha English en_US This note lays out the implications for the financial sector and budget of the huge and increasing losses of Indian distribution companies (DisComs) and presents potential approaches to address the issue. It is divided into two parts: part one is approach to financial sustainability of distribution business; and part two is international experience on coal imports and mitigation of market risk. The most urgent need is to address the problem of financial distress of the utilities, while using the crisis as leverage to implement regulatory and governance reforms that will be essential to the longer-term sustainability of any short-term actions agreed by the utilities 40 17-11-21 00:18:30.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869848 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20588 Volltext, Open Access

1759725277

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725277 OCoLC 1255599027 WBOKR 20587 EBP 064564460 KEP 064564460 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20587 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Corporate Governance Country Assessment Vietnam World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIONS s ADVANCED ECONOMIES s AUDIT CLIENTS s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDIT COMMITTEES s AUDITOR INDEPENDENCE s BANK CREDIT s BANKRUPTCY s BANKS s BENEFICIAL OWNERS s BOARD MEETINGS s BOARD MEMBER s BOARD MEMBERS s BOARDS OF DIRECTORS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CENTRAL BANK s CEO s CEOS s CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS s CHARTER s CHARTERS s CHIEF EXECUTIVE s CIVIL LIABILITY s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMON LAW s COMPANY s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDER s CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDERS s CORPORATE DISCLOSURES s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORKS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORMS s CORPORATE INFORMATION s CORPORATE STRUCTURE s CORPORATE TRANSPARENCY s CORPORATION s COST OF CAPITAL s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s DAY TRADING s DEBT s DEPOSITORY s DIRECTOR LIABILITY s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION s DIVIDEND s DIVIDEND PAYMENTS s DIVIDENDS s DUTY OF CARE s DUTY OF LOYALTY s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES s EMERGING MARKETS s ENTERPRISE LAW s EQUAL TREATMENT s EQUITY MARKETS s ESTATE s EXPOSURE s FIDUCIARY DUTIES s FINANCE CORPORATION s FINANCIAL COMPANIES s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FIXED ASSETS s FOREIGN FUNDS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTOR s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN OWNERSHIP s FUND MANAGEMENT s FUND MANAGERS s GLOBAL CAPITAL s GLOBAL CAPITAL MARKETS s GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE PRACTICES s GOVERNANCE REGULATION s GOVERNANCE REGULATIONS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROUP OF SHAREHOLDERS s HOLDING COMPANIES s INCOME s INDEPENDENCE REQUIREMENTS s INDEPENDENT AUDIT s INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS s INDIVIDUALS s INFORMATION SHARING s INSIDER TRADING s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR PROTECTION s INVESTOR RELATION s JOINT STOCK COMPANIES s JURISDICTION s JURISDICTIONS s LARGE COMPANIES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL SYSTEM s LIMITED s LIMITED LIABILITY s LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES s LIQUIDATION s MAJOR SHAREHOLDER s MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS s MAJORITY SHAREHOLDER s MANAGERS s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET EXPANSION s MARKET MANIPULATION s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRICE s MINORITY SHAREHOLDER s MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s MUTUAL FUNDS s OFFER PRICE s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURES s PARENT COMPANY s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PERSONS s PORTFOLIO s PRICE MOVEMENTS s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE OWNERSHIP s PRIVATIZATION s PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATION s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROTECTING MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s PROTECTION OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s PROXY s PUBLIC COMPANIES s PUBLIC COMPANY s PUBLIC OFFERINGS s PUBLIC POLICY s RAPID DEVELOPMENT s RAPID GROWTH s REAL ESTATE s REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS s REGULATORS s REGULATORY AUTHORITIES s REGULATORY COMPLIANCE s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s RETIREMENT SAVINGS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SECURITIES s SECURITIES ISSUANCE s SECURITIES LAW s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKETS s SECURITIES REGULATOR s SHARE PRICE s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDER AGREEMENT s SHAREHOLDER AGREEMENTS s SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL s SHAREHOLDER MEETING s SHAREHOLDER MEETINGS s SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS s SHAREHOLDER VOTING s SHAREHOLDERS MEETINGS s SHAREHOLDERS RIGHTS s STAKEHOLDERS s STATE BANK s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKETS s STOCKS s SUBSIDIARIES s SUBSIDIARY s SUPERVISORY AGENCY s TAKEOVER s TENDER OFFER s TENDER OFFERS s TRANSACTION COSTS s TURNOVER s TURNOVER RATIO s WEAK CORPORATE GOVERNANCE English en_US This report assesses Vietnam's corporate governance policy framework. It highlights recent improvements in corporate governance regulation, makes policy recommendations, and provides investors with a benchmark against which to measure corporate governance in Vietnam. It is an update of the 2006 Corporate Governance ROSC for Vietnam. Good corporate governance enhances investor trust, protects minority shareholders, and encourages better decision making and improved relations with workers, creditors, and other stakeholders. Better investor protection can lower the cost of capital and encourage companies to list and raise funds through equity markets. Good corporate governance also helps to ensure that these companies operate more transparently and efficiently. Vietnam has undertaken important corporate governance reforms in recent years. However protecting minority shareholders, fully tapping the potential of capital markets, and professionalizing boards and management will require that reform continues. Key reforms include: Developing an action plan to address core failings of state owned enterprise corporate governance, including replacing the current state economic groups, or SEG oriented system with one that has more accountable state ownership; and Increasing transparency with greater auditor independence, better disclosure of ownership and control, and convergence of accounting standards with International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS 40 17-11-21 00:18:30.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869856 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20587 Volltext, Open Access

1759725285

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725285 OCoLC 1255599028 WBOKR 20586 EBP 064564452 KEP 064564452 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20586 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Malawi Public Expenditure Review World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Malawi s ACCOUNTABILITY FRAMEWORK s ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS s ACCOUNTING s ACCUMULATION OF ARREARS s AIR s AUDIT OFFICE s AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFIT INCIDENCE ANALYSIS s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CIRCULARS s BUDGET DIRECTOR s BUDGET DOCUMENTS s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET EXPENDITURE s BUDGET FRAMEWORK s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET POLICY s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET REPORT s BUDGET SUPPORT s BUDGETING PROCESS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL SPENDING s CASH PLANNING s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s CREDIT FACILITY s DATA COLLECTION s DEBT s DEBT RELIEF s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS s DISABILITIES s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC REVENUE s DOMESTIC TAX s DONOR FUNDS s DONOR INFLOWS s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s EDUCATION EXPENDITURES s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EFFICIENCY GAINS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE CONTROL s EXPENDITURE CONTROLS s EXPENDITURE ENVELOPE s EXPENDITURE GROWTH s EXPENDITURE PLANS s EXPENDITURE PROGRAMMING s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL GRANTS s EXTERNAL IMBALANCES s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FINANCE MINISTRY s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS s FISCAL ACCOUNTS s FISCAL ADJUSTMENT s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL EXPENDITURES s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FISCAL IMPACT s FISCAL PERFORMANCE s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL RISK s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL YEARS s FOREIGN BORROWING s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN FINANCING s FREIGHT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE PROGRAM s HEALTH CLINIC s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH FINANCING s HEALTH PROGRAMS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SPENDING s HIGHER INFLATION s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT s INVESTMENT EXPENDITURE s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MEDICAL TREATMENT s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL AUDIT s NATIONAL EXPENDITURE s NATIONAL INCOME s NET BORROWING s NET LENDING s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE s OVERHEAD COSTS s PATRONAGE s PERSONNEL EMOLUMENTS s POLITICIANS s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION SUPPORT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC ENTITIES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE EFFICIENCY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HOSPITALS s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC INTEREST s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC ROAD s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY CONTROL s QUALITY MANAGEMENT s QUALITY OF SERVICES s RAIL s RAILWAYS s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REFORM AGENDA s REFORM PROGRAM s REFORM STRATEGY s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s ROAD s ROAD FUND s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD PROJECTS s ROAD SECTOR s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROADS s SAFETY s SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT s SECTOR BUDGET s SECTOR BUDGETS s SECTOR EXPENDITURE s SECTORAL POLICIES s SOCIAL EXPENDITURES s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL PROTECTION EXPENDITURES s SOCIAL PROTECTION SECTOR s SOCIAL WELFARE s TAX EFFORT s TAX POLICY s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TOLL s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL PUBLIC SPENDING s TRANSPORT EXPENDITURES s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRAVEL COSTS s UNCERTAINTY s VEHICLE s WEALTH English en_US This public expenditure review (PER 2013) is prepared in response to a request by the Government of Malawi (GOM). It is aligned with the fifth country assistance strategy (CAS) FY2013-FY16. The PER offers policies to improve public expenditure efficiency defined in the context of Malawi as delivering similar or improved level and quality of government services with constrained overall resource envelope as described in the new GOM fiscal framework. The PER has four main objectives. First, it supports the government to enhance the quality and efficiency of public financial management and provide inputs to the preparation of its budget. Second, it complements the on-going public finance and economic management (PFEM) reforms. Third, it provides development partners in Malawi with analytical inputs into their operations. Fourth, the PER is expected to become a crucial component of the implementation of the fiscal framework, underpinning the new extended credit facility (ECF) agreed with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in July 2012. The PER 2013 consists of seven chapters. The first two chapters focus on the overall macro-fiscal framework, planning, and budgeting processes. Chapters 3 to 7 analyze the allocative, technical efficiency, and equity of sectoral public expenditures in agriculture, transport, education, health, and social protection respectively 40 17-11-21 00:18:30.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869864 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20586 Volltext, Open Access

1759725293

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725293 OCoLC 1255599033 WBOKR 20491 EBP 064564444 KEP 064564444 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20491 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Over the Horizon A New Levant World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Iran, Islamic Republic of Iraq Israel Jordan Lebanon Libya Middle East Middle East and North Africa Syrian Arab Republic Tunisia Turkey English en_US The report is organized as follows. The report begins by providing an analytical basis for the evaluation of potential bilateral economic complementarities between Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Egypt, Turkey, and the Palestinian Territories (where data is available) in chapter one. The analysis goes beyond the aggregate level in order to examine the scope for regional trade and investment in particular industries or products. Building on an analysis of economic complementarities and trade and investment potentials in the sub-region, chapter two analyzes the economic implications of a deeper regional integration. A CGE model examines four scenarios emphasizing different aspects of trade relations among possible members of a new economic integration zone. Chapter three reviews and compares the trade and investment regimes of the Levant countries with a view to identifying the areas of reforms needed to harmonize their policies in order to improve competitiveness collectively and increase trade and investment flows among them. Chapter four reviews the services sectors and levels of regulatory restrictiveness in the context of efforts at regional and global integration of Levant economies. The chapter identifies existing and potential barriers to integrating services markets of the sample countries within the Levant region, and advances a number of policy recommendations centered on the promotion of closer regulatory ties in services markets and expanded trade in services. Chapter five-eight focus on five sectors for an in-depth analysis (financial services, energy, ICT and air transport, and tourism) discussing how liberalization of services trade under the framework of deeper regional economic integration would help countries take advantage of the regional opportunities, including an overview for trade in services in the sub-region. Chapter nine analyzes barriers to deeper regional integration in the Levant, focusing on non-tariff measures, trade facilitation, and logistics issues, and proposes policies to remove these barriers. Finally, chapter ten reviews the current regional agreements, identifies the weaknesses and proposes recommendations for a possible economic zone in the medium to long term 40 17-11-21 00:18:30.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869872 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20491 Volltext, Open Access

1759725307

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725307 OCoLC 1255598736 WBOKR 20441 EBP 064564436 KEP 064564436 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20441 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Poland Saving for Growth and Prosperous Aging World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Poland s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCOUNTING s ADDITIONAL SAVINGS s ADEQUATE INCOME s AGING COUNTRY s ASSET ACCUMULATION s AUTOMATIC ENROLLMENT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK FUNDING s BANK LENDING s BANKRUPTCY s BANKS s BOND MARKET s BONDS s BORROWING s CALCULATION s CALCULATIONS s CAPITAL ACCUMULATION s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL STOCK s CASH FLOW s COLLATERAL s CONSUMERS s CONTRIBUTION s CONTRIBUTIONS s CORPORATE BEHAVIOR s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE TAX s CREDIT RISK s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT PRICES s DEBT s DEBT CRISIS s DEFERRED ANNUITIES s DEFERRED ANNUITY s DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PENSION s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEREGULATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DISABILITY s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DIVERSIFICATION s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKET s DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EMERGING MARKETS s EMPLOYER CONTRIBUTION s EMPLOYER CONTRIBUTIONS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FERTILITY RATES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL EDUCATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL LITERACY CAMPAIGNS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL POLICY s FINANCIAL POSITIONS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK s FOREIGN FINANCING s FUND INVESTMENT s GLOBAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEALTH SPENDING s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SAVING s HOUSEHOLD SAVINGS s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME TAX s INCOMES s INDIVIDUAL FIRMS s INDIVIDUAL PENSION s INDIVIDUAL PENSION ACCOUNTS s INDIVIDUAL PENSIONS s INDIVIDUAL SAVING s INFLATION s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTING s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT GUIDELINES s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT PROGRAMS s INVESTMENT STRATEGIES s JOB TRAINING s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOCAL CURRENCY s LONG-TERM CARE s LONG-TERM INVESTMENT s LONG-TERM SAVING s LOW INTEREST RATES s LOWER INTEREST RATES s MARKET ECONOMIES s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET INFORMATION s MINIMUM PENSION s MINIMUM PENSIONS s MODERN BANKING s MONEY MARKETS s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGES s MUNICIPAL BONDS s NATIONAL BANK s OLDER WORKERS s OUTPUT s PASSIVE SAVING s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION REFORMS s PENSION SAVINGS s PENSION SCHEME s PENSION SCHEMES s PENSION SPENDING s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONER s PENSIONERS s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE PENSION FUNDS s PRIVATE PENSION PLANS s PRIVATE SAVING s PRIVATE SAVINGS s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROSPERITY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC PENSIONS s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SAVING s PUBLIC SAVINGS s PURCHASES s RATES OF RETURN s REAL ESTATE s REGRESSION ANALYSIS s REPLACEMENT RATE s REPLACEMENT RATES s RESEARCH ASSISTANCE s RETIRED s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT INCOME s RETIREMENT INCOMES s RETIREMENT PENSION s RETIREMENT SAVING s RETIREMENT SAVINGS s RETURN ON SAVING s SALARY s SAVER s SAVERS s SAVING BEHAVIOR s SAVINGS INSTRUMENTS s SAVINGS RATES s SECURITIES s SENIOR s SKILLED WORKERS s SMALLER FIRMS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONS s SOVEREIGN DEBT s STATE PENSIONS s STOCK MARKET s TAX RATES s TAX SYSTEM s TERMINATION s TOTAL SAVING s TRANSACTION s UNEMPLOYMENT s VALUABLE s WAGE s WAGE GROWTH s WAGES s WITHDRAWAL s WORKING AGE s WORKING AGE POPULATION s WORKING LIFE s WORTH s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNGER COHORTS English en_US The recent financial crisis has emphasized the role of national saving for rising economic growth and promoting development. Since the crisis began, global markets have experienced deteriorating public finances, household deleveraging, differing speeds of recovery, and eroding confidence in financial systems, all of which have deterred long-term investments. In the context of this new growth agenda, the present report analyzes the trends and determinants of domestic saving in Poland and provides policy options for increasing saving, particularly over the long term. Improved national saving provides funding for a country to take advantage of more investment opportunities. From the microeconomic perspective, increasing national saving will support incomes in an aging society, helping address the issue of the adequacy of retirement incomes. However, increasing national saving involves also some costs, which should be carefully balanced against the potential benefits. In this context, the report is divided into seven chapters. Chapter one gives introduction. Chapter two presents recent trends and determinants of growth in Poland, as well as challenges for its long-term prospects. Chapter three discusses the determinants of and influences on the level of private saving. Chapter four complements this discussion by portraying the government's role in determining the level of saving in the economy. Chapter five discusses the importance of saving for the financial sector, its ability to promote saving, and instruments that may be promoted to meet the needs of Polish savers. Chapter six quantifies the impact of potential changes to the main determinants of saving on performance of saving and economic growth in Poland. Finally, chapter seven focuses on policy analysis 40 17-11-21 00:18:30.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869880 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20441 Volltext, Open Access

1759725315

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725315 OCoLC 1255599034 WBOKR 20439 EBP 064564428 KEP 064564428 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20439 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Russia Economic Report, No. 32, September 2014 Policy Uncertainty Clouds Medium-Term Prospects World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Russian Federation s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCESS TO INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s AMOUNT OF LOANS s ASSET BASE s ASSET PORTFOLIO s ASSETS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIS POINTS s BOND s BOND SPREADS s BOND YIELDS s BONDS s BORROWING COSTS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUSINESS CONFIDENCE s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL FLIGHT s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL OUTFLOW s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s CAPITALIZATION s CDS s CENTRAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER CONFIDENCE s CONSUMER DEMAND s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION DECISIONS s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CORE INFLATION s CREDIT DEFAULT s CREDIT DEFAULT SWAP s CREDIT DEFAULT SWAPS s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDITORS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY BASKET s CURRENCY DEPRECIATION s CURRENCY MARKETS s CURRENCY SWAPS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT BURDENS s DEBT PAYMENTS s DEBT RATING s DEBT STOCK s DEBTS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEMAND s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN s EFFICIENT MARKETS s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET BONDS s EQUIPMENT s EURO ZONE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE DYNAMICS s EXCHANGE RATE FLEXIBILITY s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT VOLUME s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FEDERAL BUDGET s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED INVESTMENT s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE REGIME s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATE s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN RESERVES s GEOPOLITICAL TENSION s GEOPOLITICAL TENSIONS s GLOBAL BOND s GLOBAL DEMAND s GLOBAL TRADE s GOVERNMENT BANKS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT FINANCES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GROSS CAPITAL FORMATION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH PERFORMANCE s GROWTH RATES s HIGH INFLATION s HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPORT s IMPORT DEMAND s IMPORTS s INCOME GROWTH s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFLATION EXPECTATION s INFLATION TARGET s INFLATION TARGETING s INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INVENTORIES s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT DEMAND s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTMENT INCOME s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT VEHICLES s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR DEMAND s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LENDER s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS s LLC s LONG-TERM INVESTMENT s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET SHARE s MATURITY s MONETARY CONDITIONS s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s NATIONAL CURRENCY s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OIL DEMAND s OIL EXPORTS s OIL MARKETS s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OUTTURN s PAYMENT DEFAULT s PENSION s PENSIONS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PROFIT MARGINS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s REAL WAGE GROWTH s RECESSION s RESERVE s RESERVE FUND s RESERVES s RETURN s SECONDARY MARKET s SETTLEMENT s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SLOWDOWN s SOVEREIGN BONDS s SPARE CAPACITY s STABLE INFLATION s STATE BANKS s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKET PRICES s STOCKS s STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS s STRUCTURAL REFORM s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s TAX s TAX HIKE s TOTAL CREDIT s TOTAL DEBT s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE GROWTH s UNCERTAINTY s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s WORLD TRADE English en_US Russia's economy is stagnating. Seasonally adjusted growth for the first two quarters of 2014 was near zero. Consumer and business sentiments were already weak in 2013 due to lingering structural problems and contributed to the wait-and-see attitudes of households and companies. Heightened market volatility and policy uncertainty due to geopolitical tensions during the first half of this year exacerbated this confidence crisis. The Russian economy needed to internalize several rounds of sanctions, countersanctions and measures to stabilize the economy; this environment of higher risk lowered domestic demand. While the macroeconomic stabilization measures were timely and successful, medium term policy objectives are still being defined. This continued policy uncertainty about the economic course of the country is casting a shadow on Russia's medium-term prospects. Prospects for further poverty reduction and shared prosperity are limited. In the past, rising wages and pension transfers allowed Russia to reduce poverty significantly and to expand the ranks of the middle-class. Unless structural reforms to expand the economy s potential are pursued, low investment makes it less likely that plentiful well-paying jobs will be created. High inflation, moreover, will slow real income growth and hurt consumption growth, dimming the likelihood for further poverty reduction and limiting the ability of the bottom 40 percent of the population to share in prosperity 40 17-11-21 00:18:30.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869899 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20439 Volltext, Open Access

1759725323

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725323 OCoLC 1255598868 WBOKR 20438 EBP 06456441X KEP 06456441X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20438 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Clear Skies Cambodia Economic Update, October 2014 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Cambodia East Asia and Pacific s ACCOUNTING s ADVANCED ECONOMIES s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY s AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURE s AUDITS s BANK FINANCING s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SUPERVISION s BANKING SYSTEM s BENEFICIARIES s BORROWING COSTS s BROAD MONEY s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL STOCK s CENTRAL BANK s CODE OF CONDUCT s COLLATERAL s COMMODITY EXPORTS s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION GOODS s CPI s CREDIT GROWTH s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE RATIO s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT RATE s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DOMESTIC BANK s DOMESTIC CREDIT s E-COMMERCE s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC EXPANSION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE TARGETING s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPANSIONARY FISCAL POLICY s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORTER s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FARMS s FEDERAL RESERVE s FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FISHERIES s FIXED ASSETS s FOOD PRICE s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN MARKETS s FOREIGN TRADE s FORESTRY s GDP s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SAVINGS s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HOLDINGS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPORTS s INCOME s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE SPREAD s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICE s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s JOINT VENTURES s LABOR MARKET s LAND POLICY s LAND TITLE s LDCS s LENDER s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LOAN s LOCAL BUSINESS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LONG-TERM INVESTORS s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY s MACROECONOMICS s MAJOR CURRENCIES s MARKET STABILITY s MICROENTERPRISES s MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES s MONETARY AGGREGATES s MONETARY AUTHORITIES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY GROWTH s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL CURRENCY s NATURAL DISASTERS s NEW MARKETS s OIL s OPEN MARKET s OUTPUT s OUTSTANDING CREDIT s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POLITICAL STABILITY s POLITICAL TURMOIL s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO s POST-CRISIS PERIOD s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE RISKS s PRICE STABILITY s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIMARY MARKET s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION FUNCTION s PRODUCTION INCREASES s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s REAL ESTATE s REAL GDP s REAL GROWTH RATE s REFORM PROGRAM s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMOTE AREAS s RESERVES s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RETURN s RETURNS s SECURITIES s SHORT-TERM BORROWING s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SHORT-TERM INTEREST RATE s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SPECULATIVE BUBBLES s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX REVENUE s TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE TAXES s TRADING s TRADING PARTNERS s TREASURY s TREASURY SECURITIES s URBANIZATION s VALUE ADDED s WAGES s WHOLESALE PRICES s WORKING CAPITAL s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS English en_US This issue of the Cambodia economic update covers the following selected issues: 1) making the most of the Cambodian rise sector; and 2) creating opportunities for firms as reflected in findings from the investment climate assessment. For FY2014 economic growth held up well despite domestic uncertainty and instability in neighboring countries. Real growth is estimated to reach 7.2 percent, driven by the garment, construction, and services sectors. Overall macroeconomic management has been good with fiscal consolidation underpinned by improved revenue administration. In 2015 with the expectation of renewed confidence and the return of political stability after ending a yearlong political deadlock in July 2014, bolstered by a strengthening global economy, Cambodia's real growth rate is expected to reach 7.5 percent, similar to that of 2013. The downside risks to the projected robust growth are a potential recurrence of labor unrest, natural disasters, especially the possibility of heavy floods, as well as regional political uncertainty. Concerning rice production, growth decelerated in 2013 highlighting the importance of revitalizing the rice sector so it becomes once again a key engine of GDP growth. While the milled-rice export market is steadily expanding and increasing the number of destination markets, the milling and transport costs of Cambodian rice make it loose the competitiveness it has at farm gate prices. The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has set a very legitimate target of one million tons of milled rice exports that matters tremendously for poverty reduction and shared prosperity. Concerning the investment climate assessment findings, RGC's new five-year Rectangular Strategy III continues to prioritize improving the business environment to help diversify and increase value-added in production. The current period of robust growth represents an opportunity to make improvements to the business environment that will attract long-term investors. Proposed next steps in reforming the business environment include: a) addressing the high cost of electricity; b) automating government processes; c) encouraging new investment, particularly in special economic zones; d) continuing improvements to trade facilitation; e) completing the draft Competition Law; f) designing and implementing a system of incentives for business registration; and g) focusing on implementation and enforcement 40 17-11-21 00:18:30.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869902 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20438 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725331 OCoLC 1255599048 WBOKR 20454 EBP 064564401 KEP 064564401 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20454 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO City Development Strategy Peshawar, Volume 2. Assessment Peshawar City District VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE DECENTRALIZATION s ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITIES s AIR s ASSETS s BANKS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAR s CITIES s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMPLAINTS s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONSTITUENCIES s CONTRACTORS s CORRUPTION s COUNCILORS s CRIME s CRIMES s CRIMINAL s DEVOLUTION s DISCRETION s DISTRICT GOVERNMENT s DRAINAGE s DUE PROCESS s ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES s ELECTION s ELECTIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY s FEDERAL GOVERNMENT s FEDERAL GOVERNMENTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES s GOVERNOR s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY AUTHORITY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INITIATIVE s INSPECTION s INVESTIGATIONS s JUDICIARY s JUSTICE s LAND USE s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LAWS s LAWYERS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LICENSES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL LEVEL s MASS TRANSIT s MATCHING GRANTS s MOTOR VEHICLE s MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION s MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES s MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s O&M s OCTROI s PARLIAMENT s POLICE s POLICE OFFICER s POLICE REPORTS s POLICY ISSUES s POLITICAL COMMITMENT s POLITICAL INTERFERENCE s PROCUREMENTS s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SAFETY s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS s ROADS s SANCTIONS s SANITATION s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOLICITORS s SUBURBS s TAX s TAXATION s THEFTS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORTATION s TRUE s URBAN AREAS s USER CHARGES s UTILITIES s VEHICLES s WATER POLLUTION English en_US The newly delineated Peshawar City District (PCD) has undergone significant transformations in the past ten years. Originally encompassing the adjoining districts of Charsadda and Nowshera, the district gradually shrunk in size after both sub-divisions acquired a district status of their own in the mid-nineties. However, as the provincial capital, Peshawar continues to enjoy a special status within North West Frontier Province (NWFP). It houses the provincial parliament, headquarters of all provincial public sector agencies, major Banks, Development Finance Institutions (DFls), academic institutions, Non-Government Organizations (NGOs), industry, various trading houses, and major private sector institutions. Over two million people co-exist in Peshawar in an environment that is marked by a high incidence of poverty, unemployment, poor access to quality social services, alarming levels of air and water pollution, and a worsening law and order situation. Their aggregate effect is that Peshawar has not only become a less desirable city from the perspective of the common citizenry, but more importantly, from the perspective of the local and international business community, that is so critical for its long-term growth. Rapid changes in the federal and the provincial governments have also adversely impacted on systems of governance. As a result, the development environment is characterized by a high degree of politicization, adhoc policies, inadequate planning, poor accountability, and generally weak capacities 40 17-11-21 00:18:31.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869910 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20454 Volltext, Open Access

175972534X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972534X OCoLC 1255598129 WBOKR 20444 EBP 064564398 KEP 064564398 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20444 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Evaluation of the EU-Turkey Customs Union World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Turkey s AD VALOREM s AGGREGATE EXPORTS s AGGREGATE TRADE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL TRADE s AGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION s AGRICULTURE s ANTIDUMPING s ANTIDUMPING DUTIES s AUTOMOBILES s BARRIERS TO TRADE s BILATERAL AGREEMENT s BILATERAL AGREEMENTS s BILATERAL CUMULATION s BILATERAL TRADE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL BANK s COMMERCIAL POLICY s COMMON MARKET s COMPETITION POLICY s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMERS s CURRENCY s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS ADMINISTRATION s CUSTOMS AUTHORITIES s CUSTOMS DECLARATIONS s CUSTOMS DUTIES s CUSTOMS LEGISLATION s CUSTOMS MODERNIZATION s CUSTOMS REGIME s CUSTOMS UNION s DECISION MAKING s DISPUTE SETTLEMENT s DISPUTE SETTLEMENT MECHANISM s DOMESTIC LEGISLATION s DOMESTIC PRODUCTION s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC WELFARE s EUROPEAN UNION s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPORT BASKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT SECTORS s EXPORT VALUE s EXPORTERS s EXPORTING COUNTRY s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL TARIFF s FOREIGN BUYERS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTOR s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN MARKETS s FOREIGN SOURCES s FREE ACCESS s FREE IMPORTS s FREE MOVEMENT OF GOODS s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENT s FREE TRADE ASSOCIATION s FREE TREATMENT s FULL LIBERALIZATION s GDP s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL MARKETS s GLOBAL TRADE s GLOBAL TRADE ANALYSIS s GRAVITY MODEL s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s IMPORT PRICES s IMPORT REGIME s IMPORT TARIFFS s IMPORTS s INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS s INDUSTRY TRADE s INSPECTION s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS s INTERMEDIATE INPUTS s INTERNAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION s INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT s INVESTMENT PROTECTION s LABOR STANDARDS s LDCS s LEGAL SYSTEM s MACROECONOMIC SHOCKS s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET ACCESS OPPORTUNITIES s MOST FAVORED NATION s MOTOR VEHICLE s MOTOR VEHICLES s MULTILATERAL TRADE s MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS s MUTUAL AGREEMENT s MUTUAL RECOGNITION s MUTUAL RECOGNITION PRINCIPLE s NATIONAL MARKETS s NEIGHBORHOODS s NON-TARIFF BARRIERS s OPENNESS s PREFERENTIAL MARGIN s PREFERENTIAL TRADE s PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENT s PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS s QUOTA SYSTEM s RAIL s RAIL SERVICES s REAL INCOME s RECIPROCAL ACCESS s REGIONALISM s REGULATORY CONVERGENCE s REGULATORY REFORM s REGULATORY REGIMES s ROAD s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROUTES s RULES OF ORIGIN s SAFETY s SKILLED LABOR s SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES s TARIFF EQUIVALENT s TARIFF PREFERENCES s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TAX s TAX BASE s TAX REVENUES s TAXATION s TECHNICAL BARRIERS s TECHNICAL COMMITTEES s TECHNICAL REGULATION s TECHNICAL REGULATIONS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERMS OF TRADE s TERMS-OF-TRADE EFFECT s TIRES s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s TRADE CONCESSIONS s TRADE COSTS s TRADE CREATION s TRADE DATA s TRADE DIVERSION s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE IN GOODS s TRADE IN SERVICES s TRADE INTEGRATION s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE NEGOTIATION s TRADE POLICY s TRADE RELATIONSHIP s TRADE TAXES s TRAINS s TRANSIT s TRANSIT SYSTEM s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT OF GOODS s TRANSPORT OPERATORS s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION SERVICES s TRANSPORTS s TRAVELERS s UNFAIR COMPETITION s VALUE ADDED s VALUE OF EXPORTS s WAGES s WELFARE LOSS s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US The implementation of the customs union (CU) in 1995 was the culmination of thirty-two years of association between the European Union (EU) and Turkey and was expected by Turkey to be the first step in the EU accession process. The CU has been a major instrument of integration for the Turkish economy into both European and global markets. The CU covers trade in just industrial goods (including the industrial components of processed agricultural products) and excludes primary agriculture, services, and public procurement but has proved to be a powerful force of regulatory convergence. The evaluation s objectives are to assess the impacts of the CU and to make forward looking, solution-orientated recommendations for its improvement with an emphasis on the economics behind the various trade irritants and options for dealing with problems related to asymmetries as well as examining the case for widening. The evaluation provides quantitative and qualitative estimates of the effects of the CU and demonstrates that the trade agreement has been highly beneficial for both Turkey and the EU. The evaluation consists of two main parts: (i) an evaluation of the impact of the CU on trade, foreign direct investment (FDI), and more broadly, welfare in Turkey through the effects it has had on trade policy, eliminating the need for rules of origin (ROOs) on preferential trade with the EU and implementing the acquis in areas covered by the CU; and (ii) a review of current limitations of the existing trade arrangement, potential gains in dealing with these as well as modalities for reform. The evaluation has six sections. Section one gives introduction. Section two reviews trade and investment outcomes between the EU and Turkey. Section three examines the effects the CU has had on the trade policy environment for Turkey. Section four provides an overview of EU-Turkey trade relations in terms of Turkey s harmonization with EU regulations and use of trade defense instruments. The fifth section examines the potential impacts of widening the trade arrangement to cover new areas in agriculture and services and makes proposals for the modalities that can be used to include these as part of an agreement including in the context of full accession. Section six presents conclusions and recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:18:31.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869929 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20444 Volltext, Open Access

1759725358

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725358 OCoLC 1255598932 WBOKR 20442 EBP 06456438X KEP 06456438X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20442 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Albania Public Finance Review Part 2. Improving the Efficiency and Quality of Public Spending World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource ALBANIA Europe and Central Asia s ACADEMIC PROGRAMS s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCOUNTING s ACCREDITATION s AGED s AVERAGE SCORE s BASIC COMPETENCIES s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN s CAREER s CAREER DEVELOPMENT s CIVIL SERVICE s CLASS SIZE s CLASS SIZES s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOMS s COMMUNICABLE DISEASES s COMPULSORY BASIC EDUCATION s COMPULSORY EDUCATION s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s CROWDED CLASSROOMS s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM REFORM s DECISION MAKING s DEGREE PROGRAMS s DISABILITIES s DROPOUT RATES s EDUCATION BUDGET s EDUCATION DEPARTMENTS s EDUCATION FACILITIES s EDUCATION MANAGEMENT s EDUCATION OFFICES s EDUCATION POLICIES s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION REFORMS s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION STATISTICS s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES s EDUCATIONAL POLICIES s ELECTRICITY s ENROLLMENT DATA s ENROLLMENT RATE s ENROLLMENT RATES s ENROLLMENT RATIO s ENROLLMENT STATISTICS s ENTRANCE EXAM s EQUITY IN EDUCATION s EXAM s EXPENDITURES s EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES s FAMILIES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FOREIGN LANGUAGES s FUNCTIONAL READING s GENDER PARITY s GER s GIRLS s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATES s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SPENDING s HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION ENROLLMENT s HIGHER ENROLLMENT s HIGHER GRADES s HOSPITALS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING s HUMAN RESOURCES s HYPERTENSION s ILLITERACY s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION s INSURANCE s INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION s JOB SECURITY s LABOR FORCE s LEADERSHIP s LEARNING s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH s LITERACY s LITERACY THRESHOLD s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MEDICINES s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s MULTIGRADE CLASSES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS s NER s NET ENROLLMENT s NET ENROLLMENT RATE s NET ENROLLMENT RATIO s NUMBER OF PUPILS s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s NUMBER OF TEACHERS s OUTPATIENT CARE s PATIENT s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PHYSICIANS s PREPRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY ENROLLMENT s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIMARY HEALTHCARE s PRIMARY LOWER SECONDARY s PRIVATE COLLEGES s PRIVATE EDUCATION s PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION s PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATE SCHOOL s PRIVATE SCHOOL STUDENTS s PRIVATE SCHOOLS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES s PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SCHOOLS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC SERVANTS s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SPENDING s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY HIGHER EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION s QUALITY STANDARDS s READING s REGIONAL EDUCATION s REGIONAL UNIVERSITIES s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s ROADS s RURAL AREAS s SALARY INCREASES s SAVINGS s SCHOOL BOARDS s SCHOOL ENROLLMENT s SCHOOL OPERATIONS s SCHOOL YEAR s SCHOOL-AGE s SCHOOL-AGE POPULATION s SCHOOLING s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SEVERE DISABILITY s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLS REQUIREMENTS s SMOKING s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL WELFARE s SPORTS s STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s STUDENT ASSESSMENTS s STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS s STUDENT DATA s STUDENT OUTCOMES s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT POPULATION s STUDENT-TEACHER RATIOS s TAXATION s TEACHER s TEACHER CERTIFICATION s TEACHER QUALIFICATION s TEACHER SALARIES s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING MATERIALS s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TEXTBOOK s TRAINING COURSES s TRANSPARENCY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNIVERSAL COVERAGE s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s UNIVERSITY ENTRANCE s UNIVERSITY ENTRANCE EXAMINATIONS s UNIVERSITY STUDENTS s UNIVERSITY TEACHERS s UTILITIES s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VULNERABLE CHILDREN s WORKERS pha English en_US Albania's rapid growth in the decade up to the 2008 global financial crisis propelled it to middle-income status and helped to reduce poverty. The global financial crisis in 2008 slammed the brakes on Albania's largely domestic-demand-driven growth. The government has accumulated sizable arrears in payments for public works and value-added tax (VAT) refunds. In a baseline scenario of no policy reforms, Albania's public debt-to-gross domestic product (GDP) ratio is projected to reach 73.5 percent in 2015 and stay above 72 percent over the medium term. Empirical evidence confirms that high public debt depresses economic activity and significantly increases the probability of default. This report examines closely the opportunities for fiscal consolidation on both the revenue and expenditure sides. Combined effect of structural reforms will reduce Albania's public debt to GDP ratio significantly over the medium term. It can in parallel rebalance its capital spending, particularly in transport, toward maintenance to support growth. Albania needs to strengthen its institutions to reinforce financial discipline and strengthen fiscal policy. Institutional reforms are particularly needed with regard to public financial management (PFM) and introducing a fiscal rule to anchor policy over the medium term 40 17-11-21 00:18:31.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869937 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20442 Volltext, Open Access

1759725366

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725366 OCoLC 1255599061 WBOKR 20452 EBP 064564371 KEP 064564371 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20452 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Corporate Governance Country Assessment Malawi World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) Africa Malawi s ACCOUNTING s AUDITING s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s DEBT RELIEF s DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FINANCIAL REPORTING s PUBLIC INTEREST ENTITIES English en_US This ROSC assessment of corporate governance in Malawi benchmarks law and practice against the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Principles of Corporate Governance and covers public interest entities (including public limited companies, financial institutions, and parastatal companies) with special focus on the companies listed on the MSE. This report should be read in conjunction with the Accounting and Auditing ROSC Malawi, which reviews issues related to accounting, auditing, and financial reporting in more detail. Growth in 2006 has been estimated at 6.5 percent. Inflation and bank lending rates have declined significantly over the past few years. Malawi qualified for debt relief under the World Bank s Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative in 2006. The business environment has improved, and the private sector is optimistic about the future; the Malawi Business Survey 2006 conducted by the Malawi Confederation of the Chambers of Commerce and Industry (MCCI) rated the business environment good to very good with better expectations in the next 12 months. The Malawi Growth and Development Strategy (MGDS) 2006-2011 sets a future growth target of more than 6 percent annually for the five-year period, which will increase per capita income to US$450 by the end of 2011. For this purpose, Malawi is seeking to increase domestic and foreign investment 40 17-11-21 00:18:31.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869945 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20452 Volltext, Open Access

1759725374

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725374 OCoLC 1255599006 WBOKR 20446 EBP 064564363 KEP 064564363 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20446 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Corporate Governance Country Assessment Malaysia World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) East Asia and Pacific Malaysia s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACTIVE MARKET s ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIONS s ANTI-TAKEOVER TACTICS s ARBITRATION s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET MANAGERS s AUCTIONS s AUDIT CLIENTS s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDIT COMMITTEES s AUDIT STANDARD s AUDIT STANDARDS s AUDITOR INDEPENDENCE s BALANCE SHEET s BANKS s BENEFICIAL OWNER s BENEFICIARIES s BOARD MEMBER s BOARD MEMBERS s BROKERS s BUSINESS ETHICS s BUSINESS JUDGMENT RULE s BUY BACK s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS DEVELOPMENT s CASH FLOW s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY s CEO s CEOS s CHECKS s CHIEF EXECUTIVE s CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMON LAW s COMPANIES ACT s COMPANY s COMPANY LAW s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDER s CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDERS s CORP s CORPORATE BODY s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE BOND MARKET s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORM s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORMS s CORPORATE INSIDERS s CORPORATE OFFICERS s CORPORATE OWNERSHIP s CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY s CREDIBILITY s CREDITOR s CREDITOR RIGHTS s CREDITORS s DERIVATIVE s DERIVATIVE ACTIONS s DIRECTOR LIABILITY s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUAL TREATMENT s EQUITY MARKET s EQUITY MARKETS s EXCHANGE RATES s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FRAMEWORK FOR SECURITIES s FRAUD s FULL DISCLOSURE s FUND MANAGERS s GLOBAL CAPITAL s GLOBAL CAPITAL MARKETS s GOLDEN SHARES s GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE ARRANGEMENTS s GOVERNANCE GUIDELINES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROUP COMPANIES s GROUP OF SHAREHOLDERS s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s HOSTILE TAKEOVERS s HUMAN RESOURCE s INCORPORATED s INDEPENDENCE REQUIREMENTS s INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR s INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS s INDEPENDENT OVERSIGHT s INDIVIDUALS s INSIDER TRADING s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTANGIBLE s INTANGIBLE ASSETS s INTERESTED PARTIES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTIGATION s INVESTMENT ARM s INVESTMENT BANKS s INVESTMENT COMPANIES s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR PROTECTION s INVESTOR RELATION s ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s LEGAL DUTIES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PERSONALITY s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGAL PROTECTION FOR INVESTORS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIMITED s LIQUIDATION s LOCAL COMPANIES s MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS s MAJORITY OF VOTES s MAJORITY SHAREHOLDER s MANAGERS s MARKET CAP s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET INDEX s MARKET INTERMEDIARIES s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRICE s MARKET SHARES s MARKET TURNOVER s MERGER s MERGERS s MINORITY SHAREHOLDER s MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s MONETARY FUND s NOMINEE ACCOUNT s NOMINEE ACCOUNTS s PARENT COMPANY s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PENSIONS s PERSONS s PORTFOLIO s PRICE MOVEMENTS s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE PLACEMENT s PROFESSIONAL BODY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROXY s PROXY FIGHTS s PUBLIC COMPANIES s REGISTRAR OF COMPANIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY REGIME s RETAIL INVESTORS s RISK FACTORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES INDUSTRY s SECURITIES LAW s SECURITIES MARKETS s SETTLEMENT s SHARE OWNERSHIP s SHAREHOLDER AGREEMENT s SHAREHOLDER AGREEMENTS s SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL s SHAREHOLDER MEETINGS s SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS s SHAREHOLDERS MEETINGS s STAKEHOLDERS s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STOCK MARKET s STOCK OPTIONS s SUBSIDIARIES s SUBSIDIARY s SUPERVISORY POWERS s TAKEOVER s TAKEOVERS s TAX s TENDER OFFER s TENDER OFFERS s TIMELY PAYMENTS s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TRUSTS s TURNOVER s VALUATION s VALUATIONS s VALUE OF ASSETS s WITHDRAWAL English en_US This report assesses Ghana s corporate governance policy framework. It highlights recent improvements in corporate governance regulation, makes policy recommendations, and provides investors with a benchmark against which to measure corporate governance in Ghana. It is an update of the 2005 Corporate Governance ROSC. Good corporate governance enhances investor trust, helps to protects minority shareholders, and can encourage better decision making and improved relations with workers, creditors, and other stakeholders. Better investor protection can lower the cost of capital and encourage companies to list and raise funds through equity markets. Investor protection is also crucial to protect retirement savings as pension funds invest more in listed companies. Good corporate governance also helps to ensure that these companies operate more transparently and efficiently 40 17-11-21 00:18:31.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869953 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20446 Volltext, Open Access

1759725382

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725382 OCoLC 1255598834 WBOKR 20449 EBP 064564355 KEP 064564355 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20449 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Corporate Governance Country Assessment Kenya World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) Africa Kenya s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDITS s BANKING SECTOR s BENEFICIARIES s BID s BOARD MEMBER s BONDS s BONUS SHARES s BROKER s BROKERAGE s BROKERAGE FIRMS s BROKERS s BULL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET REGULATIONS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL STRUCTURE s CAPITAL STRUCTURES s CDS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL DEPOSITORIES s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY SYSTEM s CENTRAL SECURITIES DEPOSITORY s CEO s CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS s CHIEF EXECUTIVE s CODE OF CONDUCT s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMON LAW s COMPANIES ACT s COMPANY INFORMATION s COMPANY LAW s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONFLICTS OF INTERESTS s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES s CORPORATE INFORMATION s CORPORATE INSIDERS s CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY s CORPORATION s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATING AGENCY s CREDITOR s CREDITOR RIGHTS s CREDITORS s CUSTODY s DEBT s DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS s DISCLOSURE STANDARDS s DISPUTE RESOLUTIONS s DIVIDEND s DIVIDEND PAYMENTS s DOMESTIC INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s DUE DILIGENCE s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EFFICIENT MARKETS s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS s EQUITY MARKET s EQUITY MARKETS s FEE INCOME s FINANCIAL COMPANIES s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FIXED INCOME s FIXED INCOME SECURITIES s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN COMPANY s FOREIGN FUNDS s FOREIGN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FRAUD s FUND MANAGEMENT s FUND MANAGERS s GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE GUIDELINES s GOVERNANCE PRACTICES s GOVERNANCE REGULATION s GOVERNANCE REGULATIONS s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HARMONIZATION s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s HOSTILE TAKEOVER s INCOME SECURITIES MARKET s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES s INSIDER TRADING s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT BANKING s INVESTMENT BANKS s INVESTMENT MARKET s INVESTOR ACCESS s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR PROTECTION s IPO s JOINT STOCK COMPANY s JURISDICTION s JURISDICTIONS s LEGAL AUTHORITY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL OWNERSHIP s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGAL REFORM s LEGAL RIGHTS s LEGAL TRADITION s LIABILITY s LIMITED s LIMITED PARTNERSHIPS s MAJORITY SHAREHOLDER s MARKET CAP s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET CAPITALIZATIONS s MARKET DATA s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET INTERMEDIARIES s MARKET MANIPULATION s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRACTICES s MARKET PRICE s MARKET REGULATOR s MARKET SURVEILLANCE s MARKET TRANSPARENCY s MEMBER BROKERS s MINORITY SHAREHOLDER s MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s MONOPOLIES s NATIONAL BANK s NOMINEE ACCOUNTS s OWNERSHIP RIGHTS s PAYMENT OF DIVIDENDS s PAYMENT OF INTERESTS s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PENSIONS s PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS s PRIVATIZATION s PRIVATIZATIONS s PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION s PUBLIC COMPANIES s RAPID DEVELOPMENT s RAPID GROWTH s REGULATORS s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY BODIES s REGULATORY BODY s REGULATORY OVERSIGHT s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s REPUTATION s RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS s RISK FACTORS s RULE OF LAW s SCANDALS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES EXCHANGE s SECURITIES INDUSTRY s SECURITIES ISSUE s SECURITIES ISSUES s SECURITIES LAW s SECURITIES MARKETS s SECURITIES REGULATOR s SETTLEMENT s SHARE OWNERSHIP s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDER AGREEMENT s SHAREHOLDER AGREEMENTS s SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS s SHAREHOLDERS RIGHTS s STAKEHOLDERS s STANDARD CONTRACT s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STOCK OWNERSHIP s STOCKS s STRATEGIC INVESTOR s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRADING s TRADING SYSTEM s TRADING VOLUME s TRANCHES s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TURNOVER s TURNOVER RATIO s WITHDRAWAL s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS English en_US Good corporate governance ensures that companies use their resources more efficiently, protects minority shareholders, leads to better decision making, and improves relations with workers, creditors, and other stakeholders. It is an important prerequisite for attracting the patient capital needed for sustained long-term economic growth. This report provides an assessment of Kenya s corporate governance policy framework. It highlights recent improvements in corporate governance regulation, makes policy recommendations, and provides investors with a benchmark against which to measure corporate governance in Kenya 40 17-11-21 00:18:31.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869961 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20449 Volltext, Open Access

1759725390

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725390 OCoLC 1255598989 WBOKR 20448 EBP 064564347 KEP 064564347 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20448 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Corporate Governance Country Assessment Ghana World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) Africa Ghana s CAPITAL COST s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK s EFFICIENCY s INVESTOR PROTECTION s MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s PENSION FUNDS s TRANSPARENCY English en_US This report assesses Ghana s corporate governance policy framework. It highlights recent improvements in corporate governance regulation, makes policy recommendations, and provides investors with a benchmark against which to measure corporate governance in Ghana. It is an update of the 2005 Corporate Governance ROSC. Good corporate governance enhances investor trust, helps to protects minority shareholders, and can encourage better decision making and improved relations with workers, creditors, and other stakeholders. Better investor protection can lower the cost of capital and encourage companies to list and raise funds through equity markets. Investor protection is also crucial to protect retirement savings as pension funds invest more in listed companies. Good corporate governance also helps to ensure that these companies operate more transparently and efficiently 40 17-11-21 00:18:31.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393986997X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20448 Volltext, Open Access

1759725404

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725404 OCoLC 1255598870 WBOKR 20447 EBP 064564339 KEP 064564339 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20447 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Corporate Governance Country Assessment El Salvador World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) El Salvador Latin America & Caribbean s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s AUDIT COMMITTEES s AUDITS s BALANCE SHEET s BANKING LAW s BANKING SECTOR s BANKS s BOARD MEMBER s BOARD MEMBERS s BOARD MEMBERSHIP s BOARDS OF DIRECTORS s BROKERS s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL STOCK s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY s CEO s CEOS s CHIEF EXECUTIVE s CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER s CIVIL LAW s COMMERCIAL CODE s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONSTITUTION s CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDERS s COOPERATION AGREEMENT s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE BOND ISSUES s CORPORATE ENTITIES s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODES s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORKS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORMS s CORPORATE INFORMATION s CORPORATE PRACTICES s CORPORATIONS s COST OF CAPITAL s CREDIBILITY s CREDITORS s CRITICAL MASS s DEBT SECURITIES s DECISION MAKING s DECISION MAKING PROCESSES s DECREE s DEPOSITS s DISCLOSURE s DIVIDEND s DIVIDEND POLICY s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC COMPANIES s DOMESTIC EXCHANGE s DOMESTIC INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUAL TREATMENT s EQUITY ISSUANCE s EQUITY MARKET s EQUITY MARKETS s FIDUCIARY DUTIES s FIDUCIARY RESPONSIBILITIES s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SITUATION s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FIXED CAPITAL s FOOD PRICES s FUND ASSETS s FUND MANAGERS s GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNANCE PRACTICES s GOVERNANCE REGULATION s GOVERNANCE STANDARDS s GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s HUMAN RESOURCES s IMPROVING GOVERNANCE s INCOME s INCORPORATION s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSIDER TRADING s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL GOVERNANCE STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT POLICIES s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR PROTECTION s ISSUANCES s JOINT STOCK COMPANIES s JOINT STOCK COMPANY s JURISDICTION s JURISDICTIONS s LEGAL ENVIRONMENT s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL REFORMS s LIABILITY s LIMITED s MAJORITY SHAREHOLDER s MANAGEMENT OVERSIGHT s MARKET CAP s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MINORITY INVESTORS s MINORITY SHAREHOLDER s MINORITY SHAREHOLDER PROTECTION s MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s MONETARY FUND s NATIONAL ECONOMY s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUND ASSETS s PENSION FUNDS s PORTFOLIO s PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE SECTOR GROWTH s PRIVATIZATION s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT SECURITIES s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC POLICY s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s REGULATORS s REGULATORY AUTHORITIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCES s REPRESENTATIVES s REPUTATION s RETIREMENT SAVINGS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SECURITIES s SECURITIES LAW s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDER AGREEMENT s SHAREHOLDER AGREEMENTS s SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL s SHAREHOLDER MEETINGS s SHAREHOLDER PROTECTION s SHAREHOLDER PROTECTIONS s SHAREHOLDER RIGHT s SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS s SHAREHOLDERS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SOCIAL SECURITY s STAKEHOLDERS s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STOCK MARKET s SUPERVISORY AGENCY s TRACK RECORD s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TRUSTEE s TURNOVER s TURNOVER RATIO s UNIVERSITIES s VOTING s WEAK CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s WITHDRAWAL s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s WORLD MARKETS English en_US This report assesses El Salvador s corporate governance policy framework. It highlights recent improvements in corporate governance regulation, makes policy recommendations, and provides investors with a benchmark against which to measure corporate governance in El Salvador. The OECD Principles focus on private-sector publicly traded companies, both financial and nonfinancial, but are also applicable to other public interest entities, including banks, insurance companies, and state-owned enterprises The equity market in El Salvador is small and has not showed much growth in the past five years. Most observers blame unwieldy approval processes for new share offerings, and the predominance in the economy of small- and medium-sized family-owned companies which do not have an interest in becoming public. Given the limited depth of the market, both regulator (SSF) and stock exchange (BVES) have taken measures towards regional integration. El Salvador today is participating in a regional initiative to develop an integrated Central American capital market with Panama and Costa Rica. Good corporate governance enhances investor trust, helps to protect minority shareholders, and can encourage better decision making and improved relations with employees, creditors, and other stakeholders. It is an important prerequisite for attracting the patient capital needed for sustained long-term economic growth 40 17-11-21 00:18:31.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869988 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20447 Volltext, Open Access

1759725412

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:57.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725412 OCoLC 1255599053 WBOKR 20443 EBP 064564320 KEP 064564320 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20443 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Corporate Governance Country Assessment Thailand World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) East Asia and Pacific Thailand s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACQUISITION s ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIONS s ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT s AMALGAMATION s ANTI-TAKEOVER TACTICS s ARBITRAL AWARD s ARBITRATION s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET MANAGERS s ASSET VALUE s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDIT COMMITTEES s AUDIT STANDARDS s AUDITOR INDEPENDENCE s BALANCE SHEET s BANKING ASSETS s BANKRUPTCY s BANKS s BENEFICIARIES s BOARD MEMBER s BOARD MEMBERS s BOARDS OF DIRECTORS s BROKER s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUSINESS JUDGMENT RULE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CASH FLOW s CENTRAL BANK s CEO s CEOS s CHARTER s CHIEF EXECUTIVE s CIVIL LAW s CLASS ACTION s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL CODE s COMMON LAW s COMPANIES ACT s COMPANY s COMPANY LAW s COMPANY LIMITED s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDER s CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDERS s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE FORMS s CORPORATE FRAUD s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORM s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORMS s CORPORATE OWNERSHIP s CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATING AGENCIES s CREDITOR s CREDITOR RIGHTS s CREDITORS s DERIVATIVE s DERIVATIVE ACTIONS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISPUTE RESOLUTIONS s DUE CARE s DUTY OF CARE s DUTY OF LOYALTY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMY s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUITY MARKETS s EXCHANGE ACT s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURES s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL POLICY s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FULL DISCLOSURE s FUND MANAGERS s GLOBAL CAPITAL s GLOBAL CAPITAL MARKETS s GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROUP OF SHAREHOLDERS s HOLDING s HOLDING COMPANY s HOLDINGS s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCORPORATED s INDEBTEDNESS s INDEPENDENCE REQUIREMENTS s INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR s INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS s INDEPENDENT OVERSIGHT s INDIVIDUALS s INSIDER TRADING s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTERESTED PARTIES s INTERESTS OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT BANKS s INVESTMENT COMPANIES s INVESTMENT INSTRUMENT s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR PROTECTION s INVESTOR RELATIONS s ISSUANCE s LEGAL DUTIES s LEGAL ENTITY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PERSONALITY s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGAL SYSTEM s LENDERS s LIABILITY s LIMITED s LTD s MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS s MAJORITY SHAREHOLDER s MANAGERS s MARKET CAP s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET INTERMEDIARIES s MARKET OVERSIGHT s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRICES s MARKET SURVEILLANCE s MARKET TURNOVER s MEMBER BROKERS s MINORITY SHAREHOLDER s MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s MONETARY FUND s MUTUAL FUNDS s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSIONS s PERSONS s PRICE MOVEMENTS s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PROFESSIONAL BODY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROXY s PUBLIC COMMENT s PUBLIC COMPANIES s PUBLIC COMPANY s PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANIES s PUBLIC POLICY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RETAIL INVESTORS s RETURNS s RISK FACTORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES LAW s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKETS s SETTLEMENT s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDER AGREEMENT s SHAREHOLDER AGREEMENTS s SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL s SHAREHOLDER MEETING s SHAREHOLDER MEETINGS s SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS s SHAREHOLDERS MEETING s SHAREHOLDERS MEETINGS s STAKEHOLDERS s STATE ENTERPRISE s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STOCK MARKET s STOCK OPTIONS s SUBSIDIARIES s SUBSIDIARY s SUPERVISORY BOARD s TAKEOVER s TAKEOVER MECHANISMS s TAKEOVERS s TANGIBLE ASSET s TAX s TENDER OFFER s TENDER OFFERS s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s UNDERLYING ASSETS s VALUATION s WITHDRAWAL English en_US This report assesses Thailand s corporate governance policy framework. It highlights recent improvements in corporate governance (CG) regulation, makes policy recommendations, and provides investors with a benchmark against which to measure corporate governance in Thailand. It is an update of the 2005 Corporate Governance Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (CG ROSC). Good corporate governance enhances investor trust, protects minority shareholders, and encourages better decision making and improved relations with workers, creditors, and other stakeholders. Better investor protection can lower the cost of capital and encourage companies to list and raise funds through equity markets. It is crucial to protect retirement savings invested in listed companies. Good corporate governance also helps to ensure that these companies operate more transparently and efficiently 40 17-11-21 00:18:31.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939869996 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20443 Volltext, Open Access

1759725420

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725420 OCoLC 1255599075 WBOKR 20445 EBP 064564312 KEP 064564312 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20445 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Reforming the Indian Ports Sector World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s AIM s ALTERNATIVE MODES s BERTH s BERTH PRODUCTIVITY s BERTHING s BERTHS s BORDER CROSSINGS s BOTTLENECKS s BULK CARGO s BULK CARGOES s BULK CONTAINER s BULK CONTAINERS s CANALS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CARGO s CARGO HANDLING s CARGO HANDLING EQUIPMENT s CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS s CARGO VESSELS s CARGO VOLUMES s CARRIERS s CELLULAR VESSELS s CHANNELS s COASTAL SHIPPING s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s CONGESTION s CONSIGNMENT s CONTAINER DEPOTS s CONTAINER HANDLING s CONTAINER SERVICE s CONTAINER SHIPS s CONTAINER TERMINAL s CONTAINER TERMINALS s CONTAINER THROUGHPUT s CONTAINER TRAFFIC s CONTAINER TRANSPORT s CONTAINER VESSELS s CONTAINERIZATION s CONTAINERS s CRUDE OIL s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS PROCEDURES s DOCKS s DOMESTIC SHIPPING s DREDGING s DRIVING s DRY BULK s DWT s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FREIGHT s FREIGHT RAIL s FREIGHT TRAINS s FUEL s GOOD TRANSPORT s HIGHWAY s INFRASTRUCTURE CAPACITY s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INLAND CARGO TRANSPORT s INLAND TRANSPORT s INLAND WATER TRANSPORT s INLAND WATERWAY s INLAND WATERWAY TRANSPORT s INLAND WATERWAYS s INTEGRATED LOGISTICS s INTERNATIONAL PORTS s INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT s JETTIES s LOADING s LOCOMOTIVE s LOGISTICS CHAIN s LONGER DISTANCES s MAJOR PORTS s MANUFACTURING s MARITIME TRANSPORT s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MODAL SHARE s MODE OF TRANSPORT s MODES OF TRANSPORT s MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT s NATIONAL HIGHWAYS s NAVIGATION s NAVIGATION AIDS s NUMBER OF BERTHS s OIL PRODUCTS s PASSENGER s PASSENGER SERVICE s POLLUTION s PORT ACCESS s PORT ACTIVITIES s PORT ASSETS s PORT AUTHORITIES s PORT AUTHORITY s PORT COMMUNITY s PORT COMPETITION s PORT DEVELOPMENT s PORT EFFICIENCY s PORT FACILITIES s PORT LAND s PORT MANAGEMENT s PORT OF LOADING s PORT OPERATIONS s PORT OPERATORS s PORT PERFORMANCE s PORT PRIVATIZATION s PORT REFORM s PORT SERVICES s PORT USERS s PUBLIC OWNERSHIP s PUBLIC PORTS s RAIL s RAIL CONNECTION s RAIL CORRIDORS s RAIL COSTS s RAIL FREIGHT s RAIL LINES s RAIL LINK s RAIL NETWORK s RAIL SYSTEMS s RAIL TRANSIT s RAIL TRANSPORT s RAIL TRANSPORTATION s RAILWAY s RAILWAY NETWORK s RAILWAY SECTOR s RAILWAYS s REGIONAL TRANSPORT s REGULATORY AUTHORITIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY REGIME s RESETTLEMENT s ROAD s ROAD CONNECTIONS s ROAD HAULAGE s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROADS s ROUTE s ROUTES s SAFETY s SEABORNE TRADE s SEAPORTS s SHIP REPAIR s SHIPMENTS s SHIPPERS s SHIPPING s SHIPPING COSTS s SHIPPING INDUSTRY s SHIPPING ROUTES s SHIPS s SMALLER PORTS s SMALLER VESSELS s SOLID BULK CARGOES s SUPPLY CHAINS s TANKERS s TERMINAL CAPACITY s TERMINAL DEVELOPMENT s TERMINAL OPERATIONS s TEU s TOTAL TONNAGE s TRADING PATTERNS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAFFIC DISTRIBUTION s TRAFFIC GROWTH s TRAFFIC VOLUMES s TRAINS s TRANSIT TIMES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT CAPACITY s TRANSPORT CORRIDORS s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT FACILITIES s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT MODE s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT NETWORK s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT STRATEGY s TRANSSHIPMENT s TRUCKS s TYPES OF CARGO s VEHICLE s VESSEL CALLS s WAITING TIME s WAREHOUSING English en_US Maritime transport carries more than nine-tenths of tonnage of world international trade. The international shipping industry, competitive and dominated by private companies, has delivered to trading nations increasing capacity, generally improving service levels, and declining unit shipping costs. To access and extract the maximum benefit from this vital transport resource each nation depends on the performance of its ports sector; not only on the capacity, quality and price of port services but also their connectivity to hinterlands and to the industrial and consumer markets they serve. Ports in India, as in many countries, face continued pressure to handle higher throughput, adapt to larger and more specialized vessels, improve productivity, and adopt new technology and information systems that can meet the increasingly demanding service standards expected by shippers, logistics companies and shipping operators. As in all economic sectors, the success of ports depends not only on investment in its infrastructure but on supportive policy and regulatory structures, and on the effectiveness of the institutions that deliver services to customers. This Report contains an analysis of the current status of India s ports sector, identifies potential constraints on the ability of ports to meet India s future development needs, and sets out a recommended policy framework to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the sector 40 17-11-21 00:18:31.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870005 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20445 Volltext, Open Access

1759725439

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725439 OCoLC 1255598738 WBOKR 20451 EBP 064564304 KEP 064564304 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20451 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Corporate Governance Country Assessment Azerbaijan World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Europe and Central Asia s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE POLICY FRAMEWORK s DOING BUSINESS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s FOREIGN DONORS s LEGAL PROTECTION English en_US This report assesses Azerbaijan's corporate governance policy framework. It highlights recent improvements in corporate governance regulation, makes policy recommendations, and provides investors with a benchmark against which to measure corporate governance in Azerbaijan. It is an update of the 2005 Corporate Governance ROSC. In recent years, Azerbaijan's economy has experienced tremendous economic growth and the substantial institutional and legal change of earlier years has continued. New laws and regulations have improved legal protection for investors and the broader business environment. These include 2007 laws on insurance activity and internal audit, and 2008 amendments to the civil code and regulations that introduce board member duties and regulate related party transaction. Azerbaijan's Doing Business rankings have improved substantially since 2005. Enforcement and implementation of corporate governance has also begun to improve, especially in banks and companies with foreign investment. Foreign donors, including the International Finance Corporation (IFC) Azerbaijan Corporate Governance Project, have been helpful in this area 40 17-11-21 00:18:31.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870013 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20451 Volltext, Open Access

1759725447

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725447 OCoLC 1255598904 WBOKR 20450 EBP 064564290 KEP 064564290 2005 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20450 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Corporate Governance Country Assessment Azerbaijan World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2005 1 Online-Ressource Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING RULES s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s AUCTION s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDIT STANDARD s AUDIT STANDARDS s BAILIFF s BALANCE SHEET s BANK MANAGEMENT s BANK REGULATION s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTORS s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURES s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BID s BONDS s BOOK VALUE s BROKER s BROKERAGE s BROKERS s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY s BUSINESS PRACTICES s BUY BACK s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL STRUCTURES s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY s CIVIL CODE s CIVIL LAW s CLASS ACTION s COLLATERAL s COLLECTION PROCEDURES s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL REGISTRIES s COMMERCIAL REGISTRY s COMMON SHARES s COMPANY INFORMATION s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDERS s CORPORATE CHARTERS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORKS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORM s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORMS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STANDARDS s CORPORATE INFORMATION s CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY s COST OF CAPITAL s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDITOR s CREDITOR RIGHTS s CREDITORS s DEBT s DEBT COLLECTION s DEBTOR s DEBTORS s DEPOSITORY SERVICES s DERIVATIVE s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DIVIDEND s DIVIDEND PAYMENTS s DIVIDENDS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EFFICIENT MARKETS s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES s EQUITY INVESTMENT s EQUITY MARKET s EQUITY MARKETS s EXCHANGE MARKET s FINANCIAL COMPANIES s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FOREIGN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTOR s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN OWNERSHIP s GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNANCE PRACTICES s GOVERNANCE REGULATION s GOVERNANCE REGULATIONS s GOVERNANCE STANDARDS s HOLDINGS s INCOME s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSIDER TRADING s INSTITUTION BUILDING s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR INTEREST s INVESTOR PROTECTION s ISSUANCE s JOINT-STOCK COMPANY s JURISDICTION s LARGE COMPANIES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGAL REFORM s LEGAL REGIME s LEGAL RIGHTS s LIMITED s LIMITED LIABILITY s LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDATIONS s LIQUIDITY s LOCAL BUSINESS s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET PARTICIPANT s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRICE s MARKET PRICES s MARKET SURVEILLANCE s MARKET-MAKERS s MINIMUM CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s MONETARY FUND s MUTUAL FUNDS s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL DEPOSITORY s NATIONAL DEPOSITORY SYSTEM s NOTARIES s NOTARY s OPEN JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES s OWNERSHIP DATA s OWNERSHIP RIGHTS s PAYMENT OF DIVIDENDS s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PENSIONS s PLEDGES s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE REGISTRIES s PRIVATE REGISTRY s PRIVATIZATION s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION s PROTECTION OF INVESTOR s PUBLIC POLICY s REAL ESTATE s REGULATOR s REGULATORS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY REGIME s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s RETIREMENT SAVINGS s RETURN s RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS s RISK FACTORS s RULE OF LAW s SECURITIES s SECURITIES ISSUERS s SECURITIES ISSUES s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKET DEVELOPMENT s SECURITIES MARKETS s SECURITIES REGULATOR s SECURITY MARKET s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT SERVICES s SHARE DIVIDEND s SHARE OWNERSHIP s SHARE TRADING s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDER MEETINGS s SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS s SHAREHOLDERS s STAKEHOLDERS s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STOCK MARKET s STOCK OPTION s STRATEGIC INVESTORS s SUPERVISORY BOARD s SUPERVISORY BOARDS s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRADE INFORMATION s TRADE UNIONS s TRADES s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSITION COUNTRIES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s WEAK CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s WITHDRAWAL English en_US This report assesses Azerbaijan's corporate governance framework-its laws and regulations, enforcement and common business practices. The report notes recent improvements in corporate governance regulation, makes recommendations of policy and institutional strengthening, and provides a benchmark against which to measure corporate governance in Azerbaijan. Note that the report covers only publicly-traded companies, although many of the recommendations may also be applicable to closely-held companies and state-owned enterprises. The report identifies three steps for improvement of corporate governance in Azerbaijan. They are: 1. Institution building, including strengthening of enforcement and independence of the Statistical Common Services; 2. Legal reform, specifically taking stock of recent legal changes and assuring their smooth interaction and functioning; and 3. Focus on several key areas for enforcement: related party transactions; reporting and transparency, including ownership disclosure and annual reporting; supervisory boards and other company governance organs; continued enforcement of bank corporate governance rules; and awareness raising 40 17-11-21 00:18:31.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870021 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20450 Volltext, Open Access

1759725455

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725455 OCoLC 1255598941 WBOKR 20408 EBP 064564282 KEP 064564282 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20408 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Leveraging Spatial Development Options for Uttar Pradesh World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESSIBILITY s AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL USES s AGRICULTURE s AIR s AIR QUALITY s ANALYTICAL METHODS s BEST PRACTICE s BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESSES s BUYERS s CAPABILITIES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CERTIFICATES s COAL s COMMERCE s COMMODITY s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONGESTION s CONNECTIVITY s CURRENT PRICES s CUSTOMS s DECISION MAKING s DEMOGRAPHIC GROWTH s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT POLICIES s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DRIVERS s DRIVING s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DIVERSITY s ECONOMIC EXPANSION s ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMIC STRUCTURE s ECONOMIC STRUCTURES s ECONOMICS s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EMPLOYMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EQUIPMENT s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORTS s EXPRESSWAYS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FLOOR AREA s FLOOR AREA RATIO s FLOW OF GOODS s FREIGHT s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS s GOOD TRANSPORT s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GRAPHICS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAYS s HUMAN CAPITAL s ID s IMPLEMENTATION PLAN s IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS s IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY s INDUSTRIAL BASE s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INFORMATION SHARING s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LAND LOCATION s LAND PRODUCTIVITY s LAND RESOURCES s LAND SPECULATION s LARGE CITIES s LAWS s LICENSES s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCALIZATION s MANUFACTURING s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET POTENTIAL s MARKET PRICES s MATERIAL s MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s METALS s MIGRATION s MOBILITY s NOISE s OPERATING ENVIRONMENT s PASSENGER SERVICES s PER CAPITA INCOME s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY INSTRUMENTS s POLLUTION CONTROL s POPULATION GROWTH s PREFERENTIAL TREATMENTS s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PRODUCERS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s QUERIES s R&D s RAIL s RAIL ACCESS s RAIL CORRIDORS s RAIL LINES s RAIL LINKS s RAIL NETWORKS s RAIL SECTOR s RAIL SERVICES s RAIL TRANSPORTATION s RAILWAY s RAILWAY LINE s RAILWAY LINES s RAILWAY NETWORK s RAILWAYS s REGIONAL NETWORK s REGIONAL RAIL NETWORK s REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION s RELIABILITY s RESETTLEMENT s RESULT s RESULTS s REVENUE SOURCES s ROAD s ROAD CONGESTION s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD SECTOR s ROADS s ROUTE s ROUTES s SITES s SPATIAL PATTERNS s SUBSIDIARY s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRAFFIC s TRAINS s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT NETWORK s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORTATION NETWORK s TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS s TRAVEL TIME s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN GROWTH s URBANIZATION s USERS s VALUE CHAIN s VEHICLE s VEHICLES s VERTICAL INTEGRATION s WATER POLLUTION English en_US Uttar Pradesh (UP) is one of the most densely populated states in India with high rates of poverty. The state is a major contributor to the agricultural staples of the country and, at present, a large percentage of the state s labor force is engaged in low-productivity agricultural activities with the agricultural sector employing 60 percent of all formal workers at the state level. The purpose of this report is to present a range of options for regional development in UP by leveraging spatial development patterns along the Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor (EDFC). The report reflects the Government of India (GoI)-World Bank s India country partnership strategy that promotes balanced regional growth. The report focuses on identifying potential sub regions for logistic hubs and industrial development in the UP districts and develops an economic potential index (EPI) to assess the likely impacts of investments. Using this methodology, four sub-regions have been identified for economic development, namely: (i) Auraiya-Kanpur; (ii) Ghaziabad-Gautam Buddha Nagar; (iii) Aligarh-Hathras-Firozabad-Agra; and (iv) Allahabad-Varanasi. This report is part of a three-phase examination of potential economic development along the EDFC. The report presents the results of economic modeling to determine the best locations in the state to concentrate logistics hubs, industrial estates, and infrastructure investments. The modeling approach assesses six characteristics in each district associated with variations in economic productivity, namely: (i) market accessibility; (ii) industrial diversity; (iii) commodity flow; (iv) per capita industrial investment; (v) agricultural specialization; and (vi) poor social conditions. The report has eight sections, namely: section one is introduction; section two gives overview of UP; section three presents UP s economy and infrastructure: a synopsis; section four gives UP s district economies and economic potential index: key factors; section five presents criteria for locating logistics and industrial hubs within promising sub-regions in UP; section six focuses on moving towards implementation; section seven gives conclusion; and section eight presents annexes 40 17-11-21 00:18:32.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987003X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20408 Volltext, Open Access

1759725463

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725463 OCoLC 1255598979 WBOKR 20404 EBP 064564274 KEP 064564274 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20404 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Universal Maternal Health Coverage? Assessing the Readiness of Public Health Facilities to Provide Maternal Health Care in Indonesia Indonesia National Institute of Research and Development VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Jakarta 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ABORTION s ACCESS TO FAMILY PLANNING s ACCESS TO FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES s ADOLESCENT s ADOLESCENT PREGNANCIES s ADOLESCENT WOMEN s ANEMIA s ANTENATAL CARE s ANTIBIOTICS s BIRTH ATTENDANT s BIRTH ATTENDANTS s BLEEDING s BLOOD TESTS s BLOOD TRANSFUSION s BODY WEIGHT s BULLETIN s CAESAREAN SECTIONS s CHILDBEARING s CHILDBIRTH s CIRCULATORY SYSTEM s CITIES s CLINICS s COLD CHAIN s COMMUNICABLE DISEASES s COMPETENCIES s COMPLICATIONS s COMPLICATIONS DURING PREGNANCY s CONTRACEPTION s DELIVERY CARE s DIABETES s DIABETES MELLITUS s DIAGNOSIS s DIAGNOSTIC TESTS s DIAGNOSTICS s DISABILITY s DISASTERS s DISEASE s DOCTORS s DRUGS s EARLY CHILDBEARING s EARLY DETECTION s ECLAMPSIA s ECONOMIC STATUS s EMERGENCY OBSTETRIC CARE s EMERGENCY OBSTETRIC SERVICES s ESSENTIAL DRUGS s ESSENTIAL HEALTH SERVICES s ESSENTIAL MEDICINES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FAMILY PLANNING s FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATES s FIRST CHILD s FOLIC ACID s GLUCOSE s GOVERNMENT HEALTH SERVICES s GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH COSTS s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH FACILITY s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH POSTS s HEALTH PROVIDERS s HEALTH RESEARCH s HEALTH SERVICE s HEALTH SERVICE UTILIZATION s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SYSTEM s HEALTH SYSTEM STRENGTHENING s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HEALTH WORKERS s HEALTH WORKFORCE s HEMORRHAGE s HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE s HIGH FERTILITY s HIGH-RISK s HIGH-RISK PREGNANCIES s HOSPITAL s HOSPITAL BEDS s HOSPITALS s HUMAN RESOURCES s HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS s IMMUNIZATIONS s IMPLANTS s INCOME s INFECTION s INFECTIONS s INPATIENT CARE s INSTITUTIONALIZATION s INSURANCE SCHEMES s INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION s IRON s IUD s LEGAL STATUS s LIVE BIRTH s LIVE BIRTHS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOW BIRTH WEIGHT s MALARIA s MANAGEMENT OF PREGNANCY s MATERNAL DEATH s MATERNAL DEATHS s MATERNAL HEALTH s MATERNAL HEALTH CARE s MATERNAL HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s MATERNAL HEALTH OUTCOMES s MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATES s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIO s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIOS s MATERNITY CARE s MEDICAL DOCTOR s MEDICAL EQUIPMENT s MEDICINE s MEDICINES s MIDWIFE s MIDWIFERY s MIDWIVES s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MISCARRIAGE s MORTALITY s MOTHER s MULTIPLE PREGNANCIES s MUSCLES s NATIONAL HEALTH s NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE s NATIONAL POLICY s NATIONAL PRIORITIES s NATIONAL PRIORITY s NCD s NEONATAL CARE s NEONATAL TETANUS s NEWBORN s NEWBORN HEALTH s NORMAL DELIVERIES s NURSE s NURSES s NUTRITION s OBSTETRIC CARE s OBSTETRIC COMPLICATIONS s OBSTETRIC EMERGENCIES s OXYGEN s PATIENTS s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POOR HEALTH s POPULATION SIZE s POSTNATAL CARE s PREGNANCY s PREGNANT WOMAN s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRESIDENTIAL DECREE s PRIMARY CARE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE CLINICS s PRIVATE PROVIDERS s PROGRESS s PROVIDER PAYMENT s PROVISION OF CARE s PROVISION OF MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s PUBLIC HOSPITALS s PUERPERAL SEPSIS s QUALITY OF HEALTH s QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE s REDUCING MATERNAL MORTALITY s REFERRAL SYSTEM s REFERRAL SYSTEMS s RESPIRATORY DISEASES s RESPIRATORY SYSTEM s RIGHT TO HEALTH CARE s RISK FACTORS s RISK OF COMPLICATIONS s ROOMS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL RESIDENCE s SANITATION s SANITATION FACILITIES s SCREENING s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE UTILIZATION s SKILLED ATTENDANCE s SKILLED ATTENDANT s SKILLED ATTENDANTS s SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANCE s SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS s SOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCE s SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIALIZATION s STERILIZATION s TETANUS s TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTS s TRANSPORTATION s TRAUMA s TREATMENT s TUBERCULOSIS s UNFPA s UNIVERSAL AVAILABILITY s UNIVERSAL RIGHT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URINE SAMPLE s URINE TEST s USER FEES s VACCINATION s VACCINE s VACCINES s VAGINAL DELIVERY s VICTIMS s WOMAN s WORKERS s WORKFORCE s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION pha English en_US Over the period 2011-2013, Indonesia had universal maternal health coverage for its population. Facility-based deliveries, however, remain relatively low: only about 63 percent of all deliveries occurred at a health facility in Indonesia. Recent progress notwithstanding, and despite the relatively high utilization rates for most key maternal health services, the level of maternal mortality remains high in Indonesia, especially in provinces such as West Papua, North Maluku, Papua, Gorontalo, West Sulawesi, Maluku, and South Kalimantan. This policy paper assesses the supply-side readiness of Indonesia s public health facilities in providing key maternal health services such as antenatal care (ANC) as well as basic and comprehensive emergency obstetric care. The focus in the paper is on assessing to what extent Indonesia's universal maternal health coverage is real. Ensuring the supply-side readiness of Indonesia's health system, incorporating lessons from the past experiences of implementing universal maternal health coverage under the different social health insurance programs, will be one key factor in ensuring that implementation of universal health coverage (UHC) results in improvements in health outcomes, including for maternal health. The policy paper is structured as follows: the section maternal health in Indonesia provides background on maternal health in Indonesia and on intended reforms to attain UHC by 2019. Assessing universal maternal health coverage in Indonesia provides information on maternal health benefits under existing social health insurance programs. Public facility supply-side service readiness for maternal health outlines the supply-side implications of maternal health coverage using national guidelines as well as the World Health Organization's (WHO's) service availability and readiness assessment (SARA) framework, focusing specifically on ANC as well as basic and emergency obstetric care services and presents an assessment of service readiness using facility-level data. The report concludes with policy implications in the final section, policy implications and conclusions 40 17-11-21 00:18:32.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870048 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20404 Volltext, Open Access

1759725471

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725471 OCoLC 1255598980 WBOKR 20417 EBP 064564266 KEP 064564266 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20417 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Debt Management Performance Assessment Armenia World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Armenia Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTING s AGENCY RELATIONSHIP s AMORTIZATION s ANNUAL BORROWING PLAN s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s AUDIT COMMITTEE s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK DEBT s BANK FINANCING s BANKING SYSTEM s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BID s BIDS s BOOK-ENTRY s BORROWER s BORROWING COST s BORROWING PLAN s BORROWING PLANS s BUDGETING s BUYBACK s BUYBACKS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CASH BALANCE s CASH BALANCES s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBT s CHECKS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL BORROWING s COMMERCIAL LOANS s COMMODITY PRICES s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s COUPON s CREDIT RISK s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s CURRENCY RISK s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CUSTODY s DEBT s DEBT DATA s DEBT DATABASE s DEBT DATABASES s DEBT FLOW s DEBT INTEREST s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MANAGEMENTS s DEBT MARKET DEVELOPMENT s DEBT RATIOS s DEBT RELIEF s DEBT REPAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENT s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICES s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT STOCK s DEBT STOCKS s DEBT TRANSACTIONS s DEBT-SERVICE s DEBTOR s DEBTOR REPORTING SYSTEM s DEFICIT FINANCING s DEMAND FOR GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s DEPOSITORY SYSTEM s DERIVATIVE s DERIVATIVE CONTRACTS s DERIVATIVES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC SECURITIES s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL BORROWINGS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEBTS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED EXCHANGE RATE s FIXED INTEREST s FIXED INTEREST RATES s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATE s FLOATING INTEREST RATE s FLOATING INTEREST RATES s FLOATING RATES s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY DEBT s FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNT s GOVERNMENT BANK s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BORROWINGS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REGULATION s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SECURITY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDINGS s HOST COUNTRIES s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL DEBT s INVESTOR BASE s ISSUANCE s LEGAL AGREEMENTS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LENDER s LENDING AGREEMENTS s LENDING PORTFOLIO s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENTS s LOAN CONTRACT s LOAN GUARANTEE s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s MULTILATERAL LENDERS s NOMINEE ACCOUNT s ORIGINAL AMOUNT s OUTSTANDING GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s PAYMENT ORDER s PAYMENT ORDERS s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PENSION s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SYSTEM s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT s PORTFOLIO RISKS s PRIMARY DEALER s PRIMARY DEALERS s PRIMARY MARKET s PRINCIPAL REPAYMENT s PROMISSORY NOTES s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT SCHEDULE s REPAYMENT SCHEDULES s REPO s REPO RATES s REPOS s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETAIL DEBT s RETURN s RISK CONTROLS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SECONDARY MARKET s SECONDARY TRADING s SECURITIES AS COLLATERAL s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT SYSTEM s SOVEREIGN BOND s STATE GUARANTEE s STATE GUARANTEES s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCKS s T-BILLS s T-BONDS s TAX s TAX DEBTS s TIME DEPOSIT s TIME DEPOSITS s TOTAL DEBT s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s USE OF DERIVATIVES s YIELD CURVE English en_US The World Bank mission team comprised of Memes/ Messrs. Lilia Razlog (mission lead, PRMED, WB), Antonio Velandia (FABDM) and Ying Li (Consultant, WB), joined by Juan Carlos Vilanova, Debt Relief International (DRI), who conducted a Government Debt Management performance Assessment (DeMPA) evaluation for Republic of Armenia. At the request of the authorities, the mission took place from October 29 to November 8, 2013. The team worked closely with the main counterparts at the Ministry of Finance (MoF), NASDAQ-OMX, Chamber of Control (CoC), as well as the officials from the other government agencies and the Central Bank of Armenia (CBA). The mission team benefited from excellent cooperation of the Public Debt Management Department (PDMD) of the Ministry of Finance, other line departments of the MoF, CBA, Ministry of Justice, and other government and private partners 40 17-11-21 00:18:32.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870056 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20417 Volltext, Open Access

175972548X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972548X OCoLC 1255599023 WBOKR 20435 EBP 064564258 KEP 064564258 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20435 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Corporate Governance Country Assessment Croatia World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) Croatia Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s ACTIVE MARKET s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDIT COMMITTEES s BANKING ASSETS s BANKING LAW s BANKING SECTOR s BANKRUPTCY s BENEFICIARIES s BIDS s BOND s BONDS s BROKERAGE s BROKERAGES s BROKERS s BULL MARKET s BUY BACK s CAPITAL FUNDS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL STRUCTURE s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY s CIVIL LAW s CLOSED END INVESTMENT s COMMERCIAL PAPER s COMMON LAW s COMPANY INFORMATION s COMPANY LAW s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONFLICTS OF INTERESTS s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORKS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORMS s CORPORATE INSIDERS s CORPORATE LAW s COST OF CAPITAL s CREDIBILITY s CREDITOR s CREDITOR RIGHTS s CREDITORS s CUSTODY s CUSTODY SERVICES s DEBT s DEPOSITS s DERIVATIVE s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DISCLOSURE STANDARDS s DIVIDEND PAYMENT s DUE DILIGENCE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EFFICIENT MARKETS s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS s EQUITIES s EQUITY INVESTMENTS s EQUITY MARKET s EQUITY MARKET DEVELOPMENT s EQUITY MARKETS s EQUITY PRICES s ETHICAL BEHAVIOR s EXCHANGE RULES s FINANCIAL CONGLOMERATES s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL STRUCTURE s FIXED SHARE s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN BANK s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FUND ASSETS s FUND MANAGEMENT s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE PRACTICES s GOVERNANCE REGULATION s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s INSIDER TRADING s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURERS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT BANKING s INVESTMENT BANKS s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR PROTECTION s ISSUANCE s ISSUERS OF SECURITIES s JOINT STOCK COMPANIES s JOINT STOCK COMPANY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGAL REFORM s LEGAL RIGHTS s LEGAL TRADITION s LEGAL TRADITIONS s LIMITED LIABILITY s LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES s LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY s LIMITED PARTNERSHIPS s LIQUIDATION s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MANDATORY PENSION FUNDS s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET INTERMEDIARIES s MARKET MANIPULATION s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET TRANSPARENCY s MARKET VALUE s MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY INSTRUMENTS s MUNICIPAL BONDS s NATIONAL BANK s NOTARY s OPEN-END FUNDS s OWNERSHIP DATA s OWNERSHIP RIGHTS s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE s PAYMENT OF DIVIDENDS s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSIONS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS s PRIVATE PARTIES s PRIVATE PENSIONS s PRIVATIZATION s PRIVATIZATION INVESTMENT s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC COMPANIES s PUBLIC OFFERING s PUBLIC POLICY s RAPID GROWTH s REAL ESTATE s REGISTRY REGULATION s REGULATOR s REGULATORS s REGULATORY AGENCIES s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY CAPACITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPUTATION s RESERVES s RETAIL INVESTORS s RETIREMENT SAVINGS s RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS s RISK FACTORS s RULE OF LAW s SECURITIES s SECURITIES LAW s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKETS s SECURITIES REGULATION s SECURITIES REGULATOR s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT SERVICES s SHARE OWNERSHIP s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS s SHAREHOLDERS s SHAREHOLDERS RIGHTS s STANDARD CONTRACT s STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STOCK MARKET s STOCK PRICES s STOCKS s STRATEGIC INVESTORS s SUPERVISORY AGENCY s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s SUPERVISORY BOARD s SUPERVISORY BOARDS s TRADING s TRADITIONAL BANKING s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TURNOVER s TURNOVER RATIO s UNDERWRITERS s VALUATIONS s VALUE OF ASSETS s VENTURE CAPITAL s VENTURE CAPITAL FUNDS s WEAK CORPORATE GOVERNANCE English en_US This report assesses Croatia's corporate governance policy framework for publicly traded companies. It highlights recent improvements in corporate governance regulation, makes policy recommendations, and provides investors with a benchmark against which to measure corporate governance in Croatia. It is an update of the 2001 corporate governance Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC). Croatia has experienced rapid and substantial reform over the last decade. New institutions have been created and the roles of private ownership and market forces have expanded. This rapid pace of reform has continued to meet the various requirements for membership in the European Union (EU). Since the 2001 ROSC there have been substantial legal and regulatory changes, many of which address shortcomings identified in the 2001 assessment. Since 2001, Croatia has undertaken substantial legal and regulatory change that has led to a number of improvements in the framework for corporate governance. The two stock exchanges were recently merged and a code of corporate governance introduced. Reform continues as Croatia works towards joining the EU. The real economy has also performed well, valuations have risen rapidly, and investment fund assets are growing strongly 40 17-11-21 00:18:32.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870064 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20435 Volltext, Open Access

1759725498

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725498 OCoLC 1255599077 WBOKR 20434 EBP 06456424X KEP 06456424X 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20434 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Corporate Governance Country Assessment Togo World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Africa Togo s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACQUISITION s ACQUISITIONS s ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGMENT s ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION s ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION s ASSET MANAGERS s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDITOR INDEPENDENCE s BANK OFFICE s BANKS s BENEFICIAL OWNER s BENEFICIAL OWNERS s BOARD ELECTIONS s BOARD MEETINGS s BOARD MEMBER s BOARD MEMBERS s BOARDS OF DIRECTORS s BONDS s BOURSE s BROKERAGE s BROKERAGE FIRM s BUSINESS CASE s BUSINESS ENTITIES s BUSINESS LAWS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL STRUCTURE s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY s CEO s CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s CHARTER s CHARTERS s CIVIL LAW COUNTRY s CIVIL LAW SYSTEMS s CODE OF CONDUCT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITIES s COMPANY s COMPANY INFORMATION s COMPANY LAW s COMPANY LAWS s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONFLICT OF INTERESTS s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONFLICTS OF INTERESTS s CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDER s CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDERS s CORPORATE ASSETS s CORPORATE BOARD s CORPORATE BODIES s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORKS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORM s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REFORMS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STANDARDS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SURVEY s CORPORATION s COST OF CAPITAL s DISCLOSURE CONTROL s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DISCLOSURE STANDARDS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISTRIBUTION OF DIVIDENDS s DIVIDEND s DIVIDENDS s DUE DILIGENCE s DUTY OF CARE s DUTY OF LOYALTY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EFFICIENT MARKETS s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES s EMERGING MARKETS s ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTS s EQUALITY s EQUITY MARKETS s EXPOSURES s FAMILY BUSINESS s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FOREIGN STOCK s GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE PRACTICE s GOVERNANCE PRACTICES s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HARMONIZATION s INCOME s INCORPORATED s INDEPENDENT AUDIT s INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR s INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS s INDEPENDENT OVERSIGHT s INDIVIDUALS s INSIDER TRADING s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INVESTIGATION s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR PROTECTION s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s JURISDICTION s LARGE COMPANIES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL SYSTEM s LIMITED s LIQUID MARKET s LIQUIDATION s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MAJORITY SHAREHOLDER s MAJORITY VOTE s MANAGEMENT OVERSIGHT s MANAGERS s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET INSTITUTIONS s MARKET MANIPULATION s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET SURVEILLANCE s MARKET TRANSPARENCY s MERGERS s MICROFINANCE s MINORITY SHAREHOLDER s MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s NEGATIVE EQUITY s NUMBER OF SHAREHOLDERS s OWNERSHIP RIGHTS s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURES s PARTNERSHIP s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PERSONS s PORTFOLIO s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE ENTITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRIVATIZATION s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROXY s PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANIES s PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY s PUBLIC POLICY s RAPID GROWTH s REGULATORS s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REGULATORY REFORM s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s REMOTE LOCATION s REPUTATION s RETIREMENT SAVINGS s RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES LAW s SECURITIES LAWS s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKETS s SECURITIES REGULATOR s SHARE CAPITAL s SHARE OWNERSHIP s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDER AGREEMENTS s SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL s SHAREHOLDER MEETING s SHAREHOLDER MEETINGS s SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS s SHAREHOLDER VALUE s SHAREHOLDERS MEETING s SHAREHOLDERS RIGHTS s SINGLE VOTE s SOCIETIES s STAKEHOLDER s STAKEHOLDERS s STAMP DUTY s STOCK COMPANIES s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKETS s STOCKS s TAKEOVERS s TENDER OFFER s TRADING SYSTEM s TRANSACTION COSTS s UNION s WEAK CORPORATE GOVERNANCE English en_US The purpose of this ROSC assessment of corporate governance in Togo is to help improve corporate governance in the country by assessing law and practice, suggesting reforms, and supporting the country in its effort to implement changes for better corporate governance. Corporate governance refers to the structures and processes for the direction and control of companies. Corporate governance concerns the relationships among the management, board of directors, controlling shareholders, minority shareholders and other stakeholders. This definition focuses on company performance and shareholder value. For emerging market countries, improving corporate governance can serve a number of important public policy objectives. Good corporate governance reduces emerging market vulnerability to financial crises, reinforces property rights, reduces transaction costs and the cost of capital, and leads to capital market development. Weak corporate governance frameworks reduce investor confidence, and can discourage outside investment. In state-owned enterprises (SOEs), good corporate governance could improve performance and social service, and lessen impact on state budget. Due to the small market size for listed securities in Togo, the scope of the present report is broadened to include a corporate governance assessment of non-listed public limited companies, SOEs, as well as private and state-owned banks (SOBs) 40 17-11-21 00:18:32.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870072 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20434 Volltext, Open Access

1759725501

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725501 OCoLC 1255598933 WBOKR 20433 EBP 064564231 KEP 064564231 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20433 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bulgaria Accounting and Auditing World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Bulgaria Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNT s ACCOUNTANCY s ACCOUNTANTS s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING CURRICULUM s ACCOUNTING FIRMS s ACCOUNTING POLICIES s ACCOUNTING REFORM s ACCOUNTING STANDARD s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCOUNTING TREATMENT s ACCOUNTS s ACQUISITION s ACQUISITIONS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AUCTIONS s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDIT REPORTS s AUDIT STANDARDS s AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s AUDITING s AUDITING PROFESSION s AUDITING STANDARDS s AUDITORS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK LOANS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKRUPTCY s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BOOK VALUE s BORROWING COSTS s BUSINESS COMBINATIONS s BUSINESS FORECASTS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH FLOW s CERTIFICATION PROCESS s CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS s CIVIL LAW s COLLATERAL s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL LAW s COMMERCIAL LEGISLATION s COMPANY LAW s COMPLIANCE GAP s CONFIDENTIALITY s COOPERATIVES s CORPORATE BORROWERS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s COST EFFECTIVENESS s COST OF CAPITAL s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CRIMINAL LIABILITY s CURRENCY s CURRENCY BOARD s DEMOCRACY s DEPRECIATION s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC CREDIT s EMPLOYEE BENEFITS s EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS s ENFORCEMENT POWERS s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPOSURE s FAIR VALUE s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL AUDITS s FINANCIAL COMPANIES s FINANCIAL DISCIPLINE s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTORS s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FORMAL FINANCIAL SECTOR s FRAUD s FULL DISCLOSURES s FUND MANAGERS s GOOD PRACTICES s GOODWILL s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s INCOME s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE ACTIVITIES s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE PENETRATION s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INTANGIBLE s INTANGIBLE ASSETS s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS COMMITTEE s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT REGIME s IPO s JOINT STOCK COMPANIES s JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES s LEASE PAYMENTS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL REFORMS s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFO s LIMITED LIABILITY s LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES s LIMITED PARTNERSHIPS s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET ECONOMY s MINIMUM CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO s MONETARY FUND s NATIONAL BANK s NATURAL DISASTERS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s POOLING OF INTERESTS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE SECTOR GROWTH s PRIVATIZATION s PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION s PRUDENTIAL SUPERVISION s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY AUDITS s QUALITY CONTROL s REAL ESTATE s REGISTRATION PROCESS s REGULATORS s REGULATORY AGENCIES s REGULATORY BODY s REGULATORY CAPITAL s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s REINSURANCE s RESERVES s SALES s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES REGULATORS s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDERS s SMALL ENTERPRISES s STATE BANKS s STATUTORY AUDITORS s STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s SUPERVISORY BOARD s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRADING s TRADING VALUE s TRANSFERABLE SECURITIES s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER s TURNOVER RATIOS s VALUE OF ASSETS s WITHDRAWAL s WORLD ECONOMY English en_US This report provides an assessment of accounting, financial reporting, and auditing requirements and practices within the enterprise and financial sectors in Bulgaria. The accounting profession is fragmented. There are four different professional associations in the country with the result being low institutional capacity. Furthermore, there is no quality assurance, investigation and discipline process on the work of accountants and financial statement preparers. The auditing profession is better organized with one association mandated by law to manage access to the profession, training, the code of ethics and quality control. Professional education and training on international standards of accounting and auditing requires much improvement for students, accountants, auditors and tax inspectors. This improvement is needed at each of the universities, the professional bodies and the government 40 17-11-21 00:18:32.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870080 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20433 Volltext, Open Access

175972551X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972551X OCoLC 1255599080 WBOKR 20436 EBP 064564223 KEP 064564223 2003 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20436 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Corporate Governance Country Assessment Colombia World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2003 1 Online-Ressource Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) Colombia Latin America & Caribbean s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARD s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACQUISITIONS s ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS s ARBITRAGE s ARBITRATION s AUDIT COMMITTEES s AUDITOR INDEPENDENCE s AUDITS s BALANCE SHEET s BANKS s BENEFICIAL OWNER s BENEFICIAL OWNERS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BLUE CHIPS s BOARD MEETING s BOARD MEMBERS s BOOK ENTRY s BUSINESS JUDGMENT RULE s BUY-BACKS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKET LAW s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL STRUCTURES s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOW STATEMENT s CENTRAL DEPOSITORIES s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY s CEO s CHAIRMAN AND CEO s CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s CIVIL LAW s CLASS ACTION s COLLECTIVE s COMMERCIAL CODE s COMMON LAW s COMMON · SHAREHOLDERS s COMPANY s COMPLIANCE OFFICER s CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDER s CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDERS s CORPORATE AFFAIRS s CORPORATE ASSETS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STANDARDS s CORPORATE PERFORMANCE s CORPORATION s CREDITOR s CREDITOR RIGHTS s CREDITORS s DEBT s DEBTORS s DERIVATIVE s DERIVATIVE ACTION s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DISCLOSURE STANDARDS s DISCLOSURE VIOLATIONS s DIVIDEND s DIVIDENDS s DUE DILIGENCE s DUTY OF LOYALTY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS s EQUITIES s EQUITY INVESTMENT s EQUITY TRADING s EX ANTE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURES s FAIR MARKET VALUE s FAMILY FIRMS s FIDUCIARY DUTIES s FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FIXED INCOME s FIXED INCOME TRADING s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s GOLDEN PARACHUTES s GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNANCE PRACTICES s GOVERNANCE STANDARDS s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s ILLIQUIDITY s INCOME TRADING s INDEPENDENT AUDIT s INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR s INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS s INDIVIDUALS s INSIDER DEALINGS s INSIDER TRADING s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL DEBATE s INVESTIGATION s INVESTMENT CORPORATIONS s IPO s ISSUANCE s LARGE SHAREHOLDERS s LEGAL CHANGES s LEGAL DUTIES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROVISION s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGISLATIVE REFORM s LIABILITY s LIMITED s LIQUIDATION s MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS s MAJORITY SHAREHOLDERS s MANAGERS s MANDATORY PENSION FUNDS s MARKET ANALYSTS s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET REGULATOR s MERGER s MERGERS s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MINORITY INVESTORS s MINORITY SHAREHOLDER s MODEL CODE s NATIONS s NUMBER OF SHAREHOLDERS s OWNERSHIP CONCENTRATION s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUND INVESTMENT s PENSION FUND INVESTMENTS s PENSION FUNDS s PORTFOLIO s PRIVATIZATIONS s PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION s PROTECTING MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s PROTECTION OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s PROXY s PRUDENTIAL REGULATION s PUBLIC COMPANIES s PUBLIC OFFERINGS s REGULATORS s REGULATORY BODIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURNS s RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS s RISK FACTORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES ISSUES s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES REGULATOR s SETTLEMENT s SHARE CAPITAL s SHARE OWNERSHIP s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDER ACTIVISM s SHAREHOLDER ACTIVIST s SHAREHOLDER AGREEMENTS s SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL s SHAREHOLDER MEETING s SHAREHOLDER MEETINGS s SHAREHOLDER PROTECTION s SHAREHOLDER PROTECTIONS s SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS s SHAREHOLDER VOTE s SHAREHOLDERS s SHARES OF COMPANY s SINGLE SHAREHOLDER s STAKEHOLDER s STAKEHOLDERS s STOCK COMPANY s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s STOCK OPTIONS s TAKEOVER s TAX s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TENDER OFFER s TRADING s TRADING SYSTEMS s TRADING VOLUME s TRANSACTION s TRANSFER RISKS s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER s TURNOVER RATIO s VALUATION s WITHDRAWAL s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS English en_US This report assesses the corporate governance policy framework, enforcement and compliance practices in Colombia. The capital markets are small relative to the economy and trading volume is low equity trading totals about USD one million, as compared to USD one billion in fixed income trading. The corporate sector is largely owned and controlled by family groups and conglomerates. The challenge is to create an environment where medium-sized companies can raise capital in the market and help them make the transition from tightly-controlled family firms to public companies. While pension funds represent a large and rapidly growing source of funds, they are reluctant to invest in equities. It has been demonstrated across countries that capital market development correlates positively with the degree of shareholder protection and good corporate governance. Awareness of the importance of corporate governance issues is growing. Success stories of privatizations linked with good corporate governance highlight the importance of the issue. Colombia is an interesting example of the interplay between legal changes and voluntary initiatives based on the incentive to attract capital. It has put a minimum corporate governance disclosure regime in place for companies that wish to be eligible for pension fund investments. The report recommends (i) the adoption of a securities bill as proposed by the securities regulator supevalores; (ii) the adoption of International Accounting Standards (IAS) and International Standards on Auditing (ISA) and the creation of an independent audit oversight board; (iii) improved enforcement; (iii) enhanced monitoring of compliance with the code of good governance, for example by introducing a comply-or-explain requirement; and (iv) the creation of a director training organization 40 17-11-21 00:18:32.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870099 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20436 Volltext, Open Access

1759725528

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725528 OCoLC 1255599118 WBOKR 20419 EBP 064564215 KEP 064564215 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20419 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Panama Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability Inter-American Development Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Panama s BUDGETARY RESOURCES s PUBLIC FINANCES MODERNIZATION s PUBLIC FINANCES REFORM s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s REFORM PROGRESS s SECTORAL INVESTMENT PLAN s SERVICE DELIVERY English en_US Panama's public financial management (PFM) system displays several strengths with respect to the fiscal position, debt management, and payroll administrative controls, but from a systemic perspective budget preparation and budget credibility issues undermine the efficiency of sectoral investment plans and make it difficult to advance on other improvements in the public sector. An efficient and transparent allocation of budgetary resources allows the government to achieve value for money in delivering public services. This assessment is undertaken at the request of the Government of Panama (GoP) which is in the process of reforming and modernizing its public finances, and is therefore interested in establishing both a baseline for future PFM performance measures and the degree of management alignment to internationally accepted best practices. The public expenditure and financial accountability (PEFA) methodology provides relevant information on current management and will allow establishment or adjustment of a reform strategy to improve PFM quality. This PEFA assessment provides a reference and a baseline for two projects and a baseline for the GoP to measure progress of the current reform. The projects are: (i) the program to strengthen fiscal management financed by Inter-American Development Bank (IADB), and (ii) the enhanced public sector efficiency technical assistance loan financed by World Bank (WB) 40 17-11-21 00:18:32.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870102 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20419 Volltext, Open Access

1759725536

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725536 OCoLC 1255599106 WBOKR 20403 EBP 064564207 KEP 064564207 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20403 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Enhancing Sensitivity to Conflict Risks in World Bank-funded Activities Lessons from the Kyrgyz Republic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Bishkek 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s BENEFICIARY GROUPS s BOUNDARIES s BOUNDARY s BUILDING LOCAL CAPACITY s CITIES s CIVIL SOCIETY s CLINICS s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITY CONTRIBUTIONS s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTURE s COMMUNITY INVESTMENT s COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT s COMMUNITY MEETINGS s COMMUNITY MEMBERS s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s CONFLICT s CONFLICT MANAGEMENT s CONFLICT RESOLUTION s CONFLICTS s CONSULTATION s COUNTERPARTS s DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT PROJECT s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELECTIONS s ETHNIC DIVERSITY s ETHNIC GROUPS s FEMALE s FIELD VISITS s FORESTS s GENDER s GENDER EQUALITY s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN RIGHTS s INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERVENTIONS s LEADERSHIP s LESSONS LEARNED s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MANAGEMENT TRAINING s MEETING s MEETINGS s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s NEEDS ASSESSMENT s NEGOTIATION s NEGOTIATIONS s OBSERVERS s OUTREACH s PARTICIPATORY DEVELOPMENT s PEACE s PEACEBUILDING s POLICE s PROJECT DESIGN s PROJECT DOCUMENTS s PROJECT FINANCING s PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION s PROJECT SELECTION s RECONSTRUCTION s RESETTLEMENT s REVOLUTION s ROAD s ROADS s SETTLERS s SOCIAL ANALYSIS s SOCIAL ASSESSMENT s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL PROBLEMS s SUBURBS s TOWNS s TRAININGS s TRANSPARENCY s URBAN AREAS s VICTIMS s VILLAGES s VIOLENCE s VIOLENT CONFLICT s VIOLENT CONFLICTS s YOUTH s YOUTH CENTERS English en_US The Kyrgyz Republic is a landlocked mountainous country of 5.5 million and home to several ethnic groups. Nevertheless, economic stagnation, rising corruption, and inter-ethnic tensions have posed risks to the country's stability. Following the revolution and ethnic disturbances in 2010, the World Bank introduced a conflict filter for its Kyrgyz Republic operations in 2011 as a screening tool to ensure that Bank projects do not exacerbate conflict risks. The objectives of the conflict filter were: (i) assisting task teams to be cognizant of the context in which they operate in the Kyrgyz Republic; (ii) assisting task teams in identifying and managing the conflict and fragility risks in the World Bank-supported activities; (iii) supporting task teams and the client in identifying measures to help strengthen trust, social inclusion, and social cohesion in the context of World Bank supported activities and in targeted project areas; and (iv) assisting task teams and the clients in applying good practices for conflict management and citizen engagement in fragile environments. The application of the conflict filter has evolved over time in three distinct stages: in the first stage, a country-wide conflict analysis was undertaken and a matrix was developed. In the second stage, the conflict filter team applied the conflict filter matrix in a comprehensive manner, covering all projects in the portfolio. In the third stage (July 2014-June 2014), the conflict filter adopted a more selective and practical approach by focusing primarily on projects under preparation. This note summarizes the application of the conflict filter to the Bank's Kyrgyz Republic portfolio during its third year of implementation. The note provides a brief update on recent conflict and fragility dynamics in the country. It also provides a summary of the activities with a focus on selected projects where the application of the conflict filter influenced project design and implementation. Finally, the note shares some lessons learned to guide future conflict filter application in the Kyrgyz Republic and elsewhere 40 17-11-21 00:18:32.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870110 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20403 Volltext, Open Access

1759725544

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725544 OCoLC 1255598799 WBOKR 20424 EBP 064564193 KEP 064564193 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20424 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Education Quality and Opportunities for Skills Development in Albania An Analysis of PISA 2000-2012 Results World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource ALBANIA Europe and Central Asia s ABILITY OF STUDENTS s ACCESS TO PRESCHOOL s ASSESSMENT SYSTEM s AVERAGE SCORE s BASIC EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN s BASIC TEXTS s BETTER LEARNING s BETTER SCHOOLS s CHILD DEVELOPMENT s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT s COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COMPETENCIES s COMPULSORY BASIC EDUCATION s COMPULSORY EDUCATION s COMPUTER SOFTWARE s CURRICULAR REFORMS s CURRICULUM s DEGREES s DIASPORA s DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS s DISCIPLINES s DROPOUT RATES s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY EDUCATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION REFORM s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION STRATEGY s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATION VARIABLES s EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT s EDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE s EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES s EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS s EFFECT ON STUDENT LEARNING s EFFECTIVE LEARNING s EFFECTIVE TEACHING s END OF GRADE s ENROLLMENT s ENROLLMENT RATE s ENROLLMENT RATES s ENTRANCE AGE s ENTRANCE EXAM s ETHNIC GROUPS s EXAM s FORMAL BASIC EDUCATION s FORMAL SCHOOLING s FUNCTIONAL LITERACY s FUNCTIONALLY ILLITERATE s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER GAP s GIRLS s GRADUATION RATE s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE s HIGH SCHOOL s HIGHER EDUCATION s INSTRUCTION s INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS s INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ASSESSMENT s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET PARTICIPATION s LEARNING s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LEARNING STRATEGIES s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LITERACY s LITERACY ASPECTS s LITERACY THRESHOLD s LITERATURE s LIVING STANDARDS s LOWER SECONDARY s MATH SCORES s MATH SKILLS s MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS s MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS s MATHEMATICS s MEASURING EDUCATION QUALITY s MOBILITY s NATIONAL EDUCATION s OLD STUDENTS s OUT-OF-SCHOOL CHILDREN s PARENTAL EDUCATION s PEER INTERACTION s PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS s PERSISTENT INEQUALITIES s PRESCHOOL EDUCATION s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRINCIPAL EFFECTIVENESS s PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATE SCHOOLS s PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s PROFICIENCY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES ON EDUCATION s PUBLIC SCHOOLS s QUALIFIED TEACHERS s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF LIFE s QUALITY OF TEACHING s QUALITY PRESCHOOL s QUALITY PRESCHOOL EDUCATION s QUALITY SCHOOLS s READERS s READING s READING ACHIEVEMENT s READING SKILLS s REASONING s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DISPARITIES s RURAL SCHOOLS s SCHOOL AUTONOMY s SCHOOL LEVEL s SCHOOL MAPPING s SCHOOL NETWORK s SCHOOL PRINCIPALS s SCHOOL QUALITY s SCHOOL READINESS s SCHOOL STUDENTS s SCHOOL-AGE s SCHOOL-AGE POPULATION s SCHOOLING s SCIENCE LABORATORY EQUIPMENT s SCIENCE STUDY s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SKILL ACQUISITION s SKILLS ACQUISITION s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SMALL SCHOOLS s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s STUDENT DATA s STUDENT ENGAGEMENT s STUDENT GROUPS s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT POPULATION s STUDENT SCORES s STUDENT-TEACHER RATIO s SUBJECTS s TEACHER s TEACHER EFFECTIVENESS s TEACHER RECRUITMENT s TEACHING s TEACHING PRACTICE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TEST SCORES s TEXTBOOK s TEXTBOOK SUBSIDIES s TEXTBOOKS s UNIVERSITY STUDENTS s UPPER SECONDARY s UPPER SECONDARY EDUCATION s VISUAL RESOURCES s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s WORKERS s YOUNG PEOPLE English en_US Albanian students improved their performance on PIS A1 reading, math, and science assessments between 2000 and 2012, a period over which access to upper secondary education expanded dramatically. The improvements are equivalent to a quarter to half a year of schooling in math and science and more than one year of schooling in reading. The improvements were realized despite substantial increases in enrollment and the attendant changes in the PISA sample composition. The gross enrollment rate in upper secondary education was only about 40 percent in 2000, but increased markedly to 72 percent in 2009 and 83 percent in 2012. A spike in enrollment usually results in lower average student performance due to the inclusion of poorer and traditionally excluded students. In the context of a rapidly expanding education system, it is remarkable that Albania managed to improve its average PISA scores. It is even more notable that the improvement came from significant advancements made by low-achieving students. Albania s improved PIS A scores coincide with the launch of intensive reform efforts in its education sector. The Government of Albania initiated the education sector strategy formulation process in 2002, which resulted in the 2004 passage of the National Education Strategy (NES) and the first attempt to develop a long-term roadmap for the sector. The NES served as the catalyst for a range of reforms, including: improved teacher recruitment, compensation, and management; a revised curriculum for basic and general upper secondary education; enhanced transparency and accountability through reform of the Matura, the national student assessment; reduced price and improved textbook quality through a reformed procurement process; and provision of textbook subsidies to the poorest households. While it is beyond the scope of this report to determine a causal relationship between the range of policy reforms and improved PISA scores, this report shows that socioeconomic variables played an important role. Explanatory analyses show that the effect of education variables cannot be disentangled from the effect of socioeconomic variables. Furthermore, with economic growth averaging 4.9 percent per year from 2000-2012, a viable explanation is that the general improvement in economic conditions helped to raise the tide on all social indicators, including PISA performance 40 17-11-21 00:18:32.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870129 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20424 Volltext, Open Access

1759725552

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725552 OCoLC 1255599120 WBOKR 20402 EBP 064564185 KEP 064564185 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20402 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Note on Green Growth for Bhutan Zhiyun Jiang VerfasserIn aut Urvashi Narain VerfasserIn aut Michael Toman VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Bhutan South Asia s ACCESS TO FOREST s ACTION PLAN s AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGROCHEMICALS s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT s ALUMINUM s ANIMAL s ANIMAL PRODUCTS s ATMOSPHERE s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BAMBOO s BASIC CONSERVATION s BENEFIT SHARING s BIODIVERSITY s BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION s BIODIVERSITY PROTECTION s BIOGAS s BIRD s BIRDS s BUS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON NEUTRAL s CARBON SEQUESTRATION s CARBON STORAGE s CATCHMENT AREA s CATTLE s CHEMICALS s CHICK s CHICKEN s CHICKENS s CHICKS s CLEAN AIR s CLEAN ENERGY s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CO2 s COAL s COMBUSTION s COMMERCIAL FARMING s COMMON PROPERTY s COMMUNITY FORESTRY s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPOSTING s COPPER s CROP RESIDUES s CULTURAL DIVERSITY s DEBT s DECISION MAKING s DEFORESTATION s DEPTH ASSESSMENT s DESERTIFICATION s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DIESEL s DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s DRIVING s DROUGHT s DRY SEASON s DUST s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GOODS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS s ECONOMIC RENTS s ECONOMIC VALUE s ECONOMICS s ECONOMISTS s ECOSYSTEM s EGGS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELEPHANT s EMISSION s EMISSIONS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENTITLEMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS s ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s FARMS s FATS s FERTILIZERS s FISH s FISHERIES s FLOODS s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SECURITY s FOREST s FOREST AREA s FOREST CARBON s FOREST CARBON SEQUESTRATION s FOREST COVER s FOREST DEGRADATION s FOREST ECOSYSTEMS s FOREST FIRE s FOREST FIRES s FOREST INVENTORIES s FOREST LANDS s FOREST MANAGEMENT s FOREST POLICY s FOREST PRODUCTIVITY s FOREST PRODUCTS s FOREST RESOURCES s FOREST TYPE s FOREST TYPES s FORESTRY s FORESTRY SECTOR s FORESTS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s GASES s GHG s GLASS BOTTLES s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GRASSLANDS s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GROSS EARNINGS s HAZARDOUS WASTE s HOUSEHOLD FUELS s HYDROLOGY s ILLEGAL LOGGING s INCINERATION s INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS s INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION s LABOR FORCE s LAKE s LAKES s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND USE s LAND USES s LANDFILL s LANDFILLS s LIVESTOCK s LOGGING s MANGANESE s MARKET PRICES s METALS s METHANE s MIGRATION s MINERAL DEPOSITS s MINERAL EXTRACTION s MINES s MOTOR VEHICLES s MOUNTAIN RANGE s NATIONAL ACCOUNTING s NATIONAL FOREST POLICY s NATIONAL INCOME s NATIONAL PARK s NATURAL CAPITAL s NATURAL FORESTS s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NATURE CONSERVATION s NEGATIVE IMPACTS s NITRATES s NITROGEN s NUTRIENTS s OIL s OILS s OPEN BURNING s PARTICLES s PARTICULATE s PASTURE s PASTURES s PESTICIDES s PET s PLANT s PLASTIC BAGS s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POLLUTION s POPULATION CENSUS s POPULATION DENSITIES s POPULATION DENSITY s POULTRY s PP s PRECIPITATION s PRESENT VALUE s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PUBLIC GOOD s QUALITY ASSESSMENT s QUALITY STANDARDS s RAIN s RAINFALL s REBATES s RECYCLABLE MATERIALS s RECYCLING s RESERVE FORESTS s RESERVES s RESOURCE USE s RIVER BASINS s ROAD s ROAD CONSTRUCTION s ROAD SAFETY s ROADS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s SEASONAL VARIABILITY s SILICON s SINK s SMALL HYDROPOWER s SMOKE s SOIL DEGRADATION s SPECIES s STREAM FLOW s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE FOREST s SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF FORESTS s SUSTAINABLE NATURAL RESOURCE s SUSTAINABLE NATURAL RESOURCE USE s SUSTAINABLE USE s TEMPERATURE s TIMBER s TIMBER FOREST s TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS s TIMBER INDUSTRIES s TOTAL EMISSIONS s TOURISM s TOURISM INDUSTRY s TOURISM MANAGEMENT s TRADEOFFS s TRANSIT s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT AUTHORITY s TRANSPORTATION s TREES s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN CENTERS s VEGETATION s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WATER POLLUTION s WATERSHED s WILD ANIMAL s WILDLIFE s WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT s WIND pha English en_US Bhutan has recently made significant progress in sustaining economic growth and reducing poverty. Bhutan also has valuable deposits of primary materials including dolomite, lime stone, gypsum, quartzite, stone, and marble, which are useful for fabrication of other materials. Thus, a significant part of Bhutan's current and prospective economic gains come from use of natural resources called, green sectors. The basic message in this note is that Bhutan starts from a solid base in terms of green growth, with additional opportunities for meeting its development goals and overcoming the above mentioned challenges on the basis of its natural resource endowment. However, realizing those opportunities and meeting those challenges will require focusing on the economic contribution from sustainable use of those natural resources, in addition to conservation of the environment. It will also require complementary measures, using the economic surplus (or as economists refer to it, rent) from sustainable natural resource use to help diversify economic activity and address institutional and other constraints. A more comprehensive view of green growth emphasizes sustainable use of natural capital, along with managing environmental risks cost-effectively and in an institutionally sound manner to limit risks to human health and of irreversible degradation of the natural environment. In this context, green growth needs to balance conservation with sustainable economic use of all resources to meet the needs of the present, and maintain opportunities for the future. The note touches upon issues of inclusion where possible but not in a systematic and comprehensive manner. The purpose of the note is to provide food for thought in ongoing discussion of growth strategies for Bhutan, and how green growth ideas may contribute to that discussion 40 17-11-21 00:18:32.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870137 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20402 Volltext, Open Access

1759725560

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725560 OCoLC 1255599122 WBOKR 20415 EBP 064564177 KEP 064564177 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20415 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic Diagnostic Review of Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy, Volume 1. Key Findings and Recommendations World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s BANKING s FINANCIAL CONSUMER PROTECTION s INSTITUTIONAL, LEGAL, AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s MICROFINANCE English en_US The Diagnostic Review for Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy (CPFL) provides a detailed assessment of the institutional, legal and regulatory framework for consumer protection in two segments of the financial sector: banking and microfinance. The review was undertaken in response to a request for technical assistance in the field of financial consumer protection made by the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic (NBKR) in November 2012 40 17-11-21 00:18:33.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870145 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20415 Volltext, Open Access

1759725579

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725579 OCoLC 1255598905 WBOKR 20414 EBP 064564169 KEP 064564169 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20414 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic Diagnostic Review of Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy, Volume 2. Comparison with Good Practices World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCURATE INFORMATION s ADVERTISEMENT s ADVERTISEMENTS s ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION s AMOUNT OF CREDIT s AMOUNT OF DEBT s APPLICATION FEE s ARBITRATION s AUTONOMY s AVERAGE WAGE s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK BEHAVIOR s BANK CREDIT s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK OFFICERS s BANK PRODUCTS s BANKING CUSTOMERS s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING INSTITUTIONS s BANKING LAW s BANKING LEGISLATION s BANKING PRODUCT s BANKING PRODUCTS s BANKING REGULATIONS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SERVICES s BANKS s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BASIC BANKING s BORROWER s BORROWING s BROCHURES s BUSINESS BORROWERS s CALCULATION s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CASH PAYMENTS s CHANGES IN CONTRACT s CIVIL CODE s CIVIL LAW s CLAUSES s COMPARISON SHOPPING s COMPETITION LAW s COMPETITIVE MARKET s CONSUMER s CONSUMER COMPLAINT s CONSUMER COMPLAINTS s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONSUMER GROUP s CONSUMER GROUPS s CONSUMER LENDING s CONSUMER LOAN s CONSUMER LOANS s CONSUMER MARKET s CONSUMER ORGANIZATION s CONSUMER ORGANIZATIONS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMER PROTECTION LAW s CONSUMER PROTECTION RULES s CONSUMER RIGHTS s CONSUMERS s CONTRACT PROVISIONS s CORPORATE BANKING s COST OF CREDIT s CREDIT CONTRACT s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT PRODUCT s CREDIT PRODUCTS s CREDIT REPORTING s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT s CREDIT WORTHINESS s CREDITORS s CREDITS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENT ACCOUNTS s DEBT s DEBT COLLECTION s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS s DEPOSIT GUARANTEE s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DISCLOSURE s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DISCLOSURES s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s EARLY REPAYMENT s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ELECTRONIC PAYMENTS s ENFORCEABILITY s ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACT s EXCHANGE RATES s EXTENSION OF CREDIT s FINANCIAL CONSUMER s FINANCIAL EDUCATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL ISSUES s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL MATTERS s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SECTORS s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SERVICES PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL TOPICS s FLOW OF INFORMATION s FORECLOSURE s FORECLOSURE PROCESSES s FRAUD s GENERAL PUBLIC s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s INFLATION s INFORMATION DISCLOSURE s INFORMATION ON CUSTOMERS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE POLICY s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE SCHEMES s INTEREST CHARGES s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s ISSUANCE s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LAWS s LEGAL AUTHORITY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTIONS s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGAL SYSTEMS s LEGISLATION s LIABILITY s LICENSE s LICENSES s LICENSING s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOAN APPLICATION s LOAN CONTRACT s LOAN CONTRACTS s LOAN DOCUMENTS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LONG-TERM SAVINGS s MANDATE s MANDATES s MARKET SHARES s MARKETING s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MICROFINANCE SECTOR s MISLEADING STATEMENTS s MISREPRESENTATION s NATIONAL BANK s NEGOTIATION s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NOTARIAL SERVICES s OPERATIONAL RISK s OPERATIONAL RISKS s PAYMENT HISTORY s PAYMENT OF INTEREST s PEER REVIEW s PENALTIES s PENALTY CHARGES s PRIVACY s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PROVISION OF INFORMATION s PROVISION OF INFORMATION TO CONSUMERS s PRUDENTIAL REGULATION s PRUDENTIAL SUPERVISION s PURCHASES s RATES OF INTEREST s REAL ESTATE s REAL PRICES s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMEDIES s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT DISCIPLINE s RESPONSIBILITIES s RETURN s RETURNS s RIGHTS OF CONSUMERS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SALE s SALES s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SECURITY INTEREST s SELLER s SELLERS s SENIOR s SIMILAR PROVISION s SMALL CLAIMS PROCEDURE s SMALL CLAIMS PROCEDURES s STAKEHOLDERS s STANDARD CONTRACTS s STANDARD FORM CONTRACTS s SUFFICIENT INFORMATION s SUPERVISION OF BANK s SUPERVISION OF BANKS s SUPERVISORY AGENCY s THIRD PARTIES s THIRD PARTY s TIME DEPOSITS s TRANSPARENCY s TRUST FUND s TURNOVER s TYPES OF CONSUMER s TYPES OF LOANS s WAGE s WAIVER s WITHDRAWAL English en_US The Diagnostic Review for Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy (CPFL) provides a detailed assessment of the institutional, legal and regulatory framework for consumer protection in two segments of the financial sector: banking and microfinance. The review was undertaken in response to a request for technical assistance in the field of financial consumer protection made by the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic (NBKR) in November 2012 40 17-11-21 00:18:33.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870153 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20414 Volltext, Open Access

1759725587

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725587 OCoLC 1255599174 WBOKR 20353 EBP 064564150 KEP 064564150 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20353 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bhutan Poverty Assessment 2014 Bhutan National Statistics Bureau VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Bhutan South Asia s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE s ACCESS TO PRIMARY EDUCATION s AGGREGATE POVERTY s AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s ANNUAL GROWTH s ANNUAL GROWTH RATE s AVERAGE GROWTH s AVERAGE LEVEL s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS s CHILD MORTALITY s CHRONICALLY POOR s COMMERCIAL CROPS s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s CONSUMER PRICES s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CONSUMPTION POVERTY s COUNTRY LEVEL s CREDIT PROGRAMS s CROP INSURANCE s CROP PRODUCTION s CURRENT POVERTY s DECLINE IN POVERTY s DEVELOPING WORLD s DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS s DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DIETARY DIVERSITY s DIETARY PATTERNS s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DISTRIBUTION OF ACCESS s DISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGE s DRINKING WATER s DRIVERS OF POVERTY REDUCTION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION POVERTY s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EXTREME POVERTY s FARM ROADS s FARMERS s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FIREWOOD s FOOD IMPORTS s FOOD INTAKE s FOOD ITEMS s FOOD POVERTY s FOOD POVERTY LINE s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SHORTAGE s GDP s GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS s GINI COEFFICIENT s GROWTH PROCESS s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEADCOUNT POVERTY s HEADCOUNT RATIO s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HIGHER INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s INADEQUATE FOOD s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME INEQUALITY s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY OF INCOME s INFRASTRUCTURE PROVISION s INSURANCE s IRRIGATION s LAND HOLDINGS s LAND OWNERSHIP s LANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS s LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP s LIVING STANDARDS s LONG RUN s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MEASURING POVERTY s MEAT s MEDIUM TERM s MICRO-CREDIT s MILK s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NON-POOR HOUSEHOLDS s NUTRITION s PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE s POINT ESTIMATES s POLICY RESEARCH s POLITICAL STABILITY s POOR s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR PEOPLE s POORER HOUSEHOLDS s POPULATION SHARE s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY ANALYSIS s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY DYNAMICS s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY FRONT s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INDEX s POVERTY INDICES s POVERTY LEVEL s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY MEASURE s POVERTY MEASUREMENT s POVERTY MEASURES s POVERTY OUTCOMES s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY RATIO s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY SEVERITY s POVERTY STATUS s PRO-POOR s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SECTOR s QUALITY OF LIFE s REDISTRIBUTIVE POLICIES s REDUCING INEQUALITY s REDUCING POVERTY s REDUCTION IN POVERTY s REDUCTION OF POVERTY s RELATIVE INEQUALITY s REMOTE AREAS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL GROWTH s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INCOMES s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL RESIDENTS s RURAL ROAD s RURAL ROADS s SAFETY NETS s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOLING s SHEEP s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOUTH ASIAN ASSOCIATION FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION s STANDARD OF LIVING s SUBSISTENCE s SUSTAINABLE POVERTY s SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION s SWEET POTATO s TARGETING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN POVERTY s VEGETABLES s VULNERABLE SEGMENTS s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER SOURCES s WELFARE INDICATOR s WELFARE INDICATORS s WELFARE PROGRAM English en_US This report identifies the key drivers of rapid poverty reduction in Bhutan over the recent years, explaining why some dzongkhags are stuck in poverty or reducing poverty is not significant while others prospered, and whether female headed households have a harder time reducing poverty. The exercise draws mainly on data from the two rounds of Bhutan Living Standards Survey (2007 and 2012) supplemented with focus group discussions carried out for the report in select dzongkhags. Bhutan's poverty reduction has been rapid, broad-based, and inclusive. Between 2007 and 2012, the percentage of consumption poor halved to 12 percent. Bhutan has nearly ended extreme poverty within the living memory of a generation extreme poverty touched a low of two percent in 2012. Broader multidimensional poverty indices, that include education and health outcomes besides standards of living, also indicate a steep decline in the percentage of deprived population by two-thirds, from about 25 percent to 12.7 percent. Growth in Bhutan helped the previously landless to escape poverty. Education appears to be the most important route by far to escape poverty. This report is a complement to the earlier Poverty Analysis Report 2012 which was prepared with the World Bank's technical support 40 17-11-21 00:18:33.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870161 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20353 Volltext, Open Access

1759725595

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725595 OCoLC 1255598906 WBOKR 20267 EBP 064564142 KEP 064564142 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20267 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Unfinished Revolution Bringing Opportunity, Good Jobs and Greater Wealth to All Tunisians World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Tunisia s ACTIVE LABOR s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s ADULT WORKERS s AGGREGATE EMPLOYMENT s AGGREGATE UNEMPLOYMENT s COLLECTIVE AGREEMENT s COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS s CREATING JOBS s CREATION OF JOBS s DISMISSED WORKERS s FINDING JOBS s JOB CREATION s JOB CREATION s JOB CREATION RATES s JOB DESTRUCTION s JOB FLOWS s JOB GENERATION s JOB INSECURITY s JOB LOSS s JOB LOSSES s JOB MARKET s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JOB PROTECTION s JOB SEARCH s JOB SECURITY s JOB SEEKERS s JOB TRAINING s JOB-SEARCH s JOB-SEARCH ASSISTANCE s JOB-SEEKERS s JOBS s JOBS CREATION s JOBS CREATION s JOBS CREATION s JOBS CREATION s JOBS CRISIS s LABOR CONTRACT s LABOR COSTS s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR LAW s LABOR LEGISLATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS s LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS s LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS s LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES s LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES s LABOR MARKET POLICIES s LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s LABOR MARKET REFORM s LABOR MARKET REFORM s LABOR MARKET REFORMS s LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS s LABOR MARKET RIGIDITIES s LABOR MARKET SEGMENTATION s LABOR MARKET SEGMENTATION s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR MOBILITY s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s LABOR REGULATIONS s LABOR REGULATIONS s LABOR SHARE s LABOR STATISTICS s LABORERS s LOCAL JOBS s LOCAL LABOR s LOCAL LABOR MARKET s LOCAL LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS s LOSS OF JOB s LOW- SKILLED JOBS s NET JOB CREATION s NEW JOBS s ON-THE-JOB TRAINING s PAYING JOBS s PERMANENT JOB s PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS s PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS s QUALITY OF JOBS s QUALITY OF JOBS s SKILLED JOBS s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED WORKERS s TEMPORARY WORKERS s TRAINING CENTERS s TRAINING COSTS s TRAINING SYSTEM English en_US Until 2010 Tunisia appeared to be doing well and was heralded by the World Bank and the IMF as a role model for other developing countries, and the World Economic Forum repeatedly ranked Tunisia as the most competitive economy in Africa. Yet, the Tunisian model had serious flaws. Inadequate creation of jobs, notably for university graduates, and deep regional disparities were a source of increasing frustration across the country in the run up to the January 2011 Revolution. This development policy review shows that, in contrast to the façade often presented by the former regime, Tunisia's economic environment was and remains deeply deficient. The review highlights an economy that has remained frozen in low-value added activities and where firms are stagnating in terms of productivity and jobs creation. The review argues that Tunisian prosperity has been held back by policies that have reduced the country s overall economic performance. This poor performance results from extensive barriers to entry and market restrictions coupled with a heavy business regulations and a poorly functioning financial system, have resulted in economic stagnation. Economic policies have exacerbated cronyism and rent-seeking, allowing under-performing firms to survive, regardless of their productivity. in order to fulfill its economic potential, Tunisia needs to create a level playing field by opening up the economy and removing Tunisia's three dualisms, namely the onshore-offshore division, the dichotomy between the coast and the interior, and the segmentation of the labor market. A strong social policy is also necessary, of course, and should be designed to accompany private sector-led growth. Tunisia can capitalize on a strong competitive advantage to export wage-intensive goods, expand its export of services, and unleash the potential of agriculture, to the benefit of small businesses, young graduates, and farmers in Tunisia's long-neglected interior regions. Realizing these benefits will require improving the investment climate, rationalizing regulations, and developing more equitable development policies that benefit all of Tunisia's regions. The Unfinished Revolution is a challenge for policymakers to rethink Tunisia's economic development model, to question existing assumptions, and to dare to think big about policy reforms which can accelerate growth and shared prosperity, create quality jobs and promote regional development 40 17-11-21 00:18:33.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987017X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20267 Volltext, Open Access

1759725609

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:58.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725609 OCoLC 1255598982 WBOKR 20266 EBP 064564134 KEP 064564134 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20266 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Belarus Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability Public Financial Management Performance Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Belarus Europe and Central Asia s AUDIT s BUDGET CONTROL s BUDGET CREDIBILITY s COMPREHENSIVENESS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s POLICY-BASED BUDGETING s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s SHORT-TERM CRISIS MANAGEMENT s TRANSPARENCY English en_US The main objective of the present public financial management performance report (PFM-PR) is to provide the Government of Belarus with an objective up-to-date diagnostic of PFM performance based on the internationally recognized public expenditure and financial accountability (PEFA) methodology. The report is expected to inform the development of the government medium-term program for PFM reform. As a lead donor the World Bank provided a qualified team that undertook the assessment in accordance with the methodology and following the process described in the concept note agreed with the ministry of finance (MoF). The World Bank was also responsible for quality assurance of the PFM-PR using the standard procedures for Bank funded analytical work and PEFA check requirements. The report justifies the scoring and describes the analytical work which has been carried out and the sources of information used for each indicator. The report takes into account the changes in PFM performance since 2009 and documents the reasons for changes in indicator scores from the previous assessment. PEFA framework focuses primarily on the national level of a country s PFM system. At the national level it seeks to cover the entire PFM system, including cross-country issues, the revenue side, and the entire budget cycle from planning through execution to control, reporting, and audit. A number of indicators are designed to probe into how the national level interacts with sub-national governments and with public service providers at the local level 40 17-11-21 00:18:33.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870188 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20266 Volltext, Open Access

1759725617

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:59.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725617 OCoLC 1255599099 WBOKR 20268 EBP 064564126 KEP 064564126 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20268 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO West Bank and Gaza Investment Climate Assessment Fragmentation and Uncertainty World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa West Bank and Gaza s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO RESOURCES s ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL s AGRICULTURE s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK SERVICES s BANKING SECTOR s BANKS s BARRIER TO ENTRY s BINDING CONSTRAINT s BOOK VALUE s BORROWING s BRIBE s BUSINESS ACTIVITIES s BUSINESS COMMUNITY s BUSINESS MANAGEMENT s BUSINESS OWNERS s BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL USE s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSTRAINTS ON ACCESS s CONSTRAINTS ON INVESTMENT s CORRUPTION s COUNTRY COMPARISONS s CRISES s CURRENCY s DEFLATORS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMIC TRANSACTIONS s ECONOMIC VOLATILITY s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EDUCATION LEVELS s EIB s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s ENFORCEMENT CONSTRAINTS s ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTS s ENTREPRENEURS s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EQUAL TREATMENT s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY FINANCING s EQUITY FUNDS s EQUITY INVESTMENT s EQUITY INVESTORS s EQUITY MARKET s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s FACILITATION s FACTOR MARKETS s FEMALE LABOR s FEMALE LABOR FORCE s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FIRM PERFORMANCE s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN MARKETS s FUND MANAGEMENT s GDP s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROUP OF FIRMS s GROWTH RATE s GUARANTEE AGENCY s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITY s INEFFICIENCY s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INNOVATION s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INVENTORY s INVESTING s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT CLIMATES s INVESTMENT CORPORATION s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTMENT HORIZON s LABOR COSTS s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR FORCE SURVEY s LABOR FORCE SURVEYS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR ORGANIZATION s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR REGULATIONS s LABOUR s LACK OF ACCESS s LACK OF COMPETITION s LAND ADMINISTRATION s LAWS s LEGISLATION s LIMITED ACCESS s LINE OF CREDIT s LINES OF CREDIT s LOAN s LOAN APPLICATIONS s LOAN GUARANTEES English en_US This Investment Climate Assessment (ICA) seeks to evaluate the conditions under which the Palestinian private sector currently operates in the West Bank (including East Jerusalem) and the Gaza strip. This assessment is both an update and expansion on a similar assessment undertaken by the World Bank in 2006. As such, it provides both a snapshot of the investment climate in 2013, as well as a longitudinal view of what has changed in the intervening seven years and, just as importantly, what has not. Where relevant, it also compares indicators of the Palestinian investment climate with those of other countries in the region and beyond. The objective of this assessment is to provide the Palestinian business community, the Palestinian Authority (PA), and the international development community with an empirical analysis of the investment climate under which Palestinian businesses operate. The report describes the key constraints on business and investment and identifies reform priorities for those aspects of the investment climate and constraints which are within the PA's control, as well as some policy recommendations for areas outside of the PA's control, but within the domain of development partner assistance agendas and/or Israeli policies. This analysis is intended to inform Palestinian policy-maker actions to improve the business environment. It can also help inform the actions of other concerned parties, including the international development community, regional actors, and the Government of Israel regarding policies that affect Palestinian economic growth and sustainability 40 17-11-21 00:18:33.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870196 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20268 Volltext, Open Access

1759725625

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:59.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725625 OCoLC 1255599194 WBOKR 20263 EBP 064564118 KEP 064564118 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20263 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tanzania Productive Jobs Wanted World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Tanzania s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING SERVICES s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES s AGGLOMERATION EFFECTS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s ARABLE LAND s BANK OF TANZANIA s BARGAINING s BARGAINING POWER s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BOTTLENECKS s BUSES s CAPITAL GAINS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s CONGESTION s CREATING JOBS s CREATING OPPORTUNITIES s DEFICITS s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s ENTRY COSTS s EXPLOITATION s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES s FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FIRM PERFORMANCE s FISH s FISHING s FIXED COSTS s FOOD PRODUCTION s FORESTRY s FREE ZONES s FREIGHT s HOUSEHOLD ENTERPRISE s HOUSEHOLD ENTERPRISES s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INNOVATION s INNOVATIONS s INPUT USE s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s JOB CREATION s JOBS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR OFFICE s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR REGULATIONS s LABOR STANDARDS s LABOUR s LABOUR FORCE s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAWS s LEATHER INDUSTRY s LOCAL ADMINISTRATION s LOCAL FIRMS s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES s MARGINAL TAX RATES s MARINE TRANSPORT s MARKET FAILURES s MATCHING GRANTS s MICROFINANCE s MOTOR VEHICLES s NATIONAL PARKS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEW ENTRANTS s OCCUPATION s OCCUPATIONS s OIL s ON-THE-JOB TRAINING s OPERATING COSTS s POLICY MAKERS s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE FIRMS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCT DIVERSIFICATION s PRODUCTION PROCESS s PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES s PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT s PRODUCTIVE FIRMS s PRODUCTIVITY GAINS s PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENTS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s QUALITY STANDARDS s RAILWAYS s RAPID TRANSIT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RISK SHARING s ROADS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL LABOR s RURAL ROADS s RURAL TRAVEL s SAFETY s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SEARCH COSTS s SELF EMPLOYMENT s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED WORKERS s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SOCIAL COHESION s SUPPLIERS s SURVIVAL RATE s TAX s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL LABOR FORCE s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRANSIT s TRANSIT SERVICES s TRANSIT TRADE s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT AUTHORITY s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TRANSPORTATION SERVICES s TRUE s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s URBAN MOBILITY s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBAN TRANSPORTATION s URBANIZATION s VEHICLE s VEHICLES s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WAGES s WEALTH s WORKER s WORKERS English en_US Over the past 18 months, the World Bank has been working on a comprehensive plan to address the challenge of productive jobs in Tanzania. This study represents a step towards a better understanding of how to promote job creation in Tanzania. Indeed, the growth of productive jobs is vital for alleviating poverty and promoting shared prosperity - two important goals of Tanzania's economic strategy. This booklet highlights the three-pillar plan for job creation derived from the Tanzania country economic memorandum. The first pillar looks at job creation from the angle of small non-farm businesses, which have been growing very fast during the rapid urbanization. The second pillar focuses on farms because those still capture the largest share of employment in Tanzania, while the third pillar discusses the job-creation potential associated with business expansion into new markets. By focusing on a comprehensive set of concrete actions, the goal is to stimulate debate as well as to build ownership and accountability among policy-makers and key stakeholders in the country 40 17-11-21 00:18:33.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987020X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20263 Volltext, Open Access

1759725633

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:59.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725633 OCoLC 1255599133 WBOKR 20264 EBP 06456410X KEP 06456410X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20264 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Sharing Natural Resource Revenues with Affected Communities Policy Options for Mozambique Dionisio Nombora VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Mozambique s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s DISTRICT s DISTRICT LEVELS s DISTRICTS s EQUITY CONCERNS s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL TRANSFERS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MUNICIPALITIES s POLICY FRAMEWORK s PROVINCE s PROVINCES s REVENUE SHARING s REVENUE VOLATILITY s SUBNATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s TRANSFERS English,Portuguese en_US This note analyzes the institutional and policy context in which Mozambique allocates and manages resource revenues at the subnational level. Its objectives are: (i) to better understand the extent to which the current revenue-sharing system advances the countries stated development goals, (ii) to identify any significant weaknesses or constraints in the current system, and (iii) to provide recommendations for strengthening the policy framework and institutional mechanisms for sharing resource revenues. This analysis is informed by the international experience with allocating and managing resource revenues at the subnational level, and it applies a number of important lessons learned. The policy note is divided into five sections. Section one presents projections for future resource revenue transfers to subnational governments, both in absolute terms and as a share of each district s total budget. Section two reviews the international experience with resource sharing and identifies key lessons to inform successful policies. Section three presents a broader look at fiscal decentralization in Mozambique. Section four discusses the main findings of the analysis and situates them in the context of Mozambique s current revenue-sharing policies. Section five concludes the note by laying out recommendations to improve Mozambique s institutional and policy framework for allocating resource revenues at the subnational level. This policy note is based on a survey of the international literature on fiscal decentralization in general and resource revenue sharing in particular 40 17-11-21 00:18:33.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870218 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20264 Volltext, Open Access

1759725641

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:59.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725641 OCoLC 1255599094 WBOKR 20265 EBP 064564096 KEP 064564096 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20265 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Lao PDR Public Expenditure Review World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Lao People's Democratic Republic s BUDGET COMPREHENSIVENESS s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET PREPARATION s EXPENDITURE PRIORITIZATION s FLOW OF FUNDS s PFM s PFM SYSTEM IMPROVEMENTS s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s REVENUE ALLOCATION s STAFF BUDGETING SYSTEM English en_US This Public Expenditure Review starts by looking at the country s macro-fiscal performance in chapter one, it examines the implementation of the Nam Theun 2 (NT2) Revenue Management Arrangements (RMA) by which the government committed itself to continued strengthening of PFM and the selection of eligible pro-poor and environmental conservation projects to be funded from NT2 revenues in chapter two, and takes stock of issues relating to expenditure prioritization and centralization of tax, treasury, and customs department in chapter three on Public Finance In this way, the PER responds to the commitment made to stakeholders in the hydropower dam project that implementation of the RMA would be reported on in successive Public Expenditure Reviews (PER). The PER then review the intergovernmental fiscal arrangements, as they have evolved since the new organic Budget Law was promulgated in 2006. Currently, central, provincial and district governments are considered deconcentrated elements of a single level executive. In practice provincial governors enjoy considerable autonomy, causing variation in the implementation of national policies. The government, however, is moving towards a more transparent, rules based intergovernmental fiscal system. PER-IFA-2007 provided some initial analysis and comments on such a transformation. Finally, Chapter four look in greater detail at the current system of revenue and expenditure assignments and transfers, and how they work in practice. It then discusses the challenges in designing a new system of inter-governmental relations with reduced vertical and horizontal imbalances 40 17-11-21 00:18:33.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870226 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20265 Volltext, Open Access

175972565X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:59.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972565X OCoLC 1255599123 WBOKR 20137 EBP 064564088 KEP 064564088 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20137 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Regional Impacts of High Speed Rail in China Baseline Report for a Case Study of Yunfu in Guangdong Province Richard Bullock VerfasserIn aut Wanli Fang VerfasserIn aut Ying Jin VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCESSIBILITY s ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGY s AGRICULTURE s BOTTLENECK s BUSINESS PERFORMANCE s BUSINESS PLANNING s BUSINESS SECTOR s BUSINESSES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CATCHMENT s CELL-PHONE s CEMENT s CERAMIC s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSTRUCTION s DEVELOPMENT POLICIES s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DOWNSTREAM PRODUCTS s E-MAIL s ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMETRIC MODELING s ECONOMIC CENSUSES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY s ECONOMIC MODELS s ECONOMIC OUTCOMES s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EFFICIENT COMMUNICATION s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT s EXPORT BASE s EXPORTS s EXPRESSWAYS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FISCAL POLICY s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FREIGHT s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s FUEL s GAS s GDP s GOOD TRANSPORT s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GRANITE s GROWTH RATE s HANDICRAFTS s HIGH SPEED RAIL s HIGH SPEED RAIL DEVELOPMENT s HIGH-SPEED RAIL s HIGH-SPEED RAIL SERVICES s HIGH-SPEED RAIL SYSTEM s HIGH-SPEED TRAINS s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY SYSTEM s HIGHWAYS s IMAGES s INCREASING RETURNS s INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE s INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION s INDUSTRIAL SECTOR s INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INLAND WATERWAY s INLAND WATERWAYS s INNOVATION s INSTITUTION s IRON s LAND USE s LIMESTONE s LOCAL TRANSPORT s LOGISTICS COMPANY English en_US This paper contains an initial reconnaissance of the situation in Yunfu, prior to the NanGuang project construction. It provides a brief overview of the trajectory of economic development in Yunfu from an economy that was dominated by primary industries to that by secondary industries. The development of local transport infrastructure is reviewed, as is the more detailed structure of local industries, with special emphasis on dominant industrial sectors and the planned industrial parks. The experience of high speed rail development impact elsewhere was drawn upon to reflect on the possible regional economic outcomes that might emerge following the opening of the Nanning-Guangzhou high speed rail. The structure of and the approach to a before and after monitoring study is considered. The remainder of the paper is divided into six parts. Part two gives a brief overview of the economic development in Yunfu municipality since its establishment in 1994. Part three describes local transport links and infrastructure. Part four provides a description of the internal structure of local industries, with special emphasis on the dominant industrial sectors and the planned industrial parks. Part five discusses possible regional economic impacts associated with the forthcoming high-speed rail line and part six summarizes a proposal for the next steps 40 17-11-21 00:18:33.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870234 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20137 Volltext, Open Access

1759725668

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:59.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725668 OCoLC 1255599128 WBOKR 19989 EBP 06456407X KEP 06456407X 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19989 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Regional Impacts of High Speed Rail in China Spatial Proximity and Productivity in an Emerging Economy Richard Bullock VerfasserIn aut Wanli Fang VerfasserIn aut Ying Jin VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Beijing 2013 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCESSIBILITY s AGGLOMERATION BENEFITS s AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES s AGRICULTURE s ANALYTICAL APPROACH s BENCHMARK s BILATERAL TRADE s BUSINESS OPERATIONS s BUSINESS SERVICES s BUSINESSES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAR s CENTRAL PLANNING s CITY SIZE s COMMERCE s COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMERS s COST OF CAR TRAVEL s COST OF TRAVEL s COSTS OF TRAVEL s DATA ANALYSIS s DRIVING s E-MAIL s ECONOMETRIC MODELS s ECONOMETRICS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC BENEFITS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC RENT s ECONOMIC RESEARCH s ECONOMIC THEORIES s ECONOMIC THEORY s ELASTICITIES s ELASTICITY s ELASTICITY VALUE s EMPLOYMENT s EXCESS SUPPLY s EXPRESSWAYS s EXTERNALITIES s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FIXED ASSET s FOREIGN TRADE s FUEL s GDP s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM s GROWTH MODELS s GROWTH RATE s HIGH SPEED RAIL s HIGH SPEED RAILWAYS s HIGH-SPEED RAIL s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY CAPACITY s HIGHWAYS s IMPACT OF TRANSPORT s INCREASING RETURNS s INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE s INFORMATION SHARING s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INNOVATION s INSPECTION s INTERFACE s INTERNATIONAL PORTS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s LABOUR s LABOUR FORCE s LABOUR MARKETS s LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOUR STATISTICS s LAND USE s LARGE CITIES s MANUFACTURING s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET POTENTIAL s MATERIAL s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MIGRATION s MOBILITY s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE s NATURAL RESOURCE s NETWORK DATA s NETWORK MODEL s NETWORKS s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s OCCUPATIONS s OPEN ECONOMY s PC s PER CAPITA INCOME s PERFECT COMPETITION s PHOTO s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES s POSITIVE EXTERNALITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION s PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROPERTY OWNERS s RAIL COSTS s RAILWAY s RAILWAYS s REAL INCOME s REGIONAL PRODUCTIVITY s REGIONAL TRANSPORT s REGIONAL TRAVEL s RESULT s RESULTS s ROAD s ROAD INVESTMENT s ROAD LINKS s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROADS s ROUTES s SEARCH COSTS s SKILLED WORKERS s SOCIAL COSTS s SUPPLIERS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL ECONOMICS s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TELEPHONE s TOLL s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT DATA s TRANSPORT IMPROVEMENTS s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT INVESTMENT s TRANSPORT INVESTMENTS s TRANSPORT NETWORK s TRANSPORT PROJECTS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TRAVEL BEHAVIOUR s TRAVEL COSTS s TRAVEL DISTANCE s TRAVEL DISTANCES s TRAVEL PATTERNS s TRAVEL SPEEDS s TRAVEL TIME s TRAVEL TIMES s TRIP s TRIP RATE s TRIPS s TRIPS PER CAPITA s URBAN TRAVEL s USES s VERIFICATION s WAGE RATES s WAGES s WEB s WORKER PRODUCTIVITY s WORKING HOURS English en_US This paper contains an initial reconnaissance of the situation in Yunfu, prior to the NanGuang project construction. It provides a brief overview of the trajectory of economic development in Yunfu from an economy that was dominated by primary industries to that by secondary industries. The development of local transport infrastructure is reviewed, as is the more detailed structure of local industries, with special emphasis on dominant industrial sectors and the planned industrial parks. The experience of high speed rail development impact elsewhere was drawn upon to reflect on the possible regional economic outcomes that might emerge following the opening of the Nanning-Guangzhou high speed rail. The structure of and the approach to a before and after monitoring study is considered. The remainder of the paper is divided into six parts. Part two gives a brief overview of the economic development in Yunfu municipality since its establishment in 1994. Part three describes local transport links and infrastructure. Part four provides a description of the internal structure of local industries, with special emphasis on the dominant industrial sectors and the planned industrial parks. Part five discusses possible regional economic impacts associated with the forthcoming high-speed rail line and part six summarizes a proposal for the next steps 40 17-11-21 00:18:33.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870242 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19989 Volltext, Open Access

1759725676

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:59.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725676 OCoLC 1255599153 WBOKR 19971 EBP 064564061 KEP 064564061 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19971 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rwanda Economic Update, No. 6 Unearthing the Subsoil World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Rwanda s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURE s ALLOCATION s AMOUNT OF CAPITAL s AMOUNT OF CREDIT s ARREARS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANKING SECTOR s BUDGET EXECUTION s CADASTRE s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL GOODS s CAPITAL GRANTS s CASH BASIS s CHANGE IN ARREARS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICE CHANGE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMMUNITY SERVICES s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CREDIT FACILITY s CREDIT GROWTH s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEFAULT RATINGS s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DISBURSEMENT s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC REVENUE s DOMESTIC TAX s DONOR FUNDING s DUE DILIGENCE s DUE PROCESS s DURABLE s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN s ECONOMIC STRUCTURE s EMPLOYMENT s EQUIPMENT s EUROBOND s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE POLICY s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEMAND s FINANCIAL ACCOUNT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCING SOURCES s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL OUTTURN s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL REVENUE s FISCAL STABILITY s FIXED CAPITAL s FORECASTS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN FINANCING s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s FUTURE CONTRACTS s GDP s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT CONSUMPTION s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROSS NATIONAL INCOME s GROWTH PERFORMANCE s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEALTH SECTOR s HOLDINGS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPORT s IMPORT PRICES s IMPORTS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s ISSUANCE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LAWS s LEGISLATION s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS s LOAN s LOAN APPLICATIONS s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMICS s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MATURITIES s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM OBJECTIVE s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY AUTHORITY s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL INCOME s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET EXPORTS s NET LENDING s NONPERFORMING LOANS s OPEN MARKET s OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s PRICE CHANGE s PRICE DATA s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC CONSUMPTION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s REAL GDP s REAL SECTOR s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY SCRUTINY s RESERVE s RESERVES s RESOURCE MOBILIZATION s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s SAFETY NET s SANITATION s SHARE OF INVESTMENT s SHORT-TERM GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s SHORTFALL s SOCIAL EXPENDITURE s SOCIAL EXPENDITURES s SOCIAL PROTECTION s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BASE s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAXATION s TAXPAYERS s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL INVESTMENT s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADING s TRANSMISSION OF MONETARY POLICY s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILL RATE s TREASURY BILLS s WAGES s YIELD CURVE English en_US The Rwanda economic update reports on and synthesizes recent economic developments and places them in a medium-term and global context. It analyzes the implications of these developments and policies for the outlook of Rwanda s economy. These reports attempt to make an analytical contribution to the implementation of Rwanda s national development strategy. Each edition of the report includes a special feature on a selected topic. The report is intended for a wide audience, including policy makers, business leaders and other market participants, and the community of analysts engaged in Rwanda s economy 40 17-11-21 00:18:33.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870250 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19971 Volltext, Open Access

1759725684

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:59.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725684 OCoLC 1255599130 WBOKR 19973 EBP 064564053 KEP 064564053 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19973 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Mauritania Economic Update, July 2014 Gianluca Mele VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Mauritania s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY s ADVERSE IMPACT s ADVERSE IMPACTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURE s ARREARS s AUDITS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANKING INSTITUTIONS s BANKING SECTOR s BENCHMARKS s BONDS s BORROWING s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL ACCUMULATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CASH TRANSFERS s CC s CENTRAL BANK s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES s CONNECTIVITY s CONSUMER LENDING s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION s CORRUPTION s CREDIT ACCESS s CREDITS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY APPRECIATION s CURRENCY DEVALUATIONS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEBT s DEBT STRUCTURE s DEBTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS s DEVELOPING ECONOMIES s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC INFLATION s DURABLE s DURABLE GOODS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC TRENDS s EDUCATION SPENDING s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EMERGING MARKETS s ENROLLMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTS s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTREME POVERTY s FACILITATION s FARMERS s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED INVESTMENT s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FREE TRADE s GDP PER CAPITA s GENDER s GENDER BALANCE s GENDER EQUALITY s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROSS NATIONAL SAVINGS s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HARMONIZATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFORMATION SHARING s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s INTANGIBLE s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTING s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTMENT PLAN s INVESTMENT POLICIES s INVESTMENT SPENDING s JOB CREATION s JOINT VENTURES s LAND ADMINISTRATION s LAND ISSUES s LAND MARKET s LAND REFORM s LEADING INDICATORS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION s MACROECONOMICS s MARKET CONCENTRATION s MARKET DIVERSIFICATION s MARKET INDEX s MARKET PRICES s MARKET TRANSACTIONS s MARKET TRENDS s MATURITIES s MERITOCRACY s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL ECONOMY s NATIONAL INCOME s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET EXPORTS s OUTPUT s PENSION s PENSION SYSTEM s PER CAPITA INCOME s PHYSICAL CAPITAL s PORTFOLIO s POSITIVE EFFECTS s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRODUCTIVE CAPITAL s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC POLICIES s PUBLIC SPENDING s RAPID GROWTH s RATE OF GROWTH s REAL GDP s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATES s REAL TIME INFORMATION s RECEIPTS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURNS s RETURNS TO SCALE s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS RATE s SHARE OF INVESTMENT s SHORT MATURITY s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGY s SUBSISTENCE HOUSEHOLD s SURPLUS LIQUIDITY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s T-BILL s TAX s TAX REVENUES s TAX SYSTEM s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADING s TRANCHE s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILL RATE s TREASURY BONDS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WAGES s WEALTH s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS English en_US Real gross domestic product (GDP) expanded by 6.7 percent in 2013, a modest deceleration from the 7 percent recorded in the previous year, but well above the average 4.9 percent rate of growth recorded over the last ten years. The economy benefited from strong growth in the agriculture (rebounding from last year's drought), mining and services sectors, which largely offset weaker activity in fishing activity. A continuation of these relatively robust growth conditions is anticipated over the next three years, as the economy benefits from a continued expansion of mining output, particularly of iron ore. In 2015 the largest contributions to growth are projected to come from trade, livestock and iron, although the fast growing sub-sectors are expected to be copper, gold and manufacturing. Following the macroeconomic analysis (section B) this economic update includes a section on partnership agreements and sectoral developments (section C), as well as two special sections on inclusive growth, wealth accounting (section D), economic diversification and efficiency in natural resource use (section E). Section F concludes the document with some indicative policy recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:18:34.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870269 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19973 Volltext, Open Access

1759725692

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:59.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725692 OCoLC 1255599202 WBOKR 20028 EBP 064564045 KEP 064564045 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20028 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kenya Economic Update, June 2014, No. 10 Take Off Delayed? World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Kenya economic update edition No. 10 Africa Kenya s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURE s ANNUAL GROWTH s ASSET QUALITY s BALANCE OF PAYMENT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE OF TRADE s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK RATE s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIS POINTS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUFFERS s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL GOODS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CENTRAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK LENDING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER DURABLES s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION SPENDING s CORE INFLATION s CPI s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDITORS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT REPAYMENT s DEFICIT FINANCING s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVOLUTION s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC INTEREST RATES s DOMESTIC MONEY MARKET s DOMESTIC SECURITY s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s EMPLOYMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EQUIPMENT s EQUITIES s EURO ZONE s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL BALANCE s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEMAND s EXTERNAL FACTORS s EXTERNAL FINANCE s EXTERNAL POSITION s EXTERNAL PRESSURES s EXTREME POVERTY s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL POSITION s FIXED CAPITAL s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN FINANCING s FOREIGN INTEREST s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT PAPER s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s HEALTH SERVICES s HOLDINGS s IMPORT s IMPORTS s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFLATION EXPECTATIONS s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION RATES s INFLATIONARY EXPECTATIONS s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE VOLATILITY s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT DEMAND s INVESTMENT EXPENDITURE s INVESTMENT FLOWS s LAWS s LEVY s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LONG-TERM CAPITAL s LONG-TERM INTEREST s LONG-TERM INTEREST RATE s LONG-TERM INTEREST RATES s M1 s M2 s M3 s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET INTEREST RATES s MONETARY AGGREGATES s MONETARY CONDITIONS s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s MONEY SUPPLY s MONEY TARGET s NATIONAL SECURITY s NATIONAL TREASURY s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET EXPORTS s NOMINAL WAGE s NONBANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s NONBANK INSTITUTIONS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s OIL s OIL PRICES s PENSION s PENSIONS s PER CAPITA INCOME s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTIES s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO FLOWS s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE CREDIT GROWTH s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRODUCTION COSTS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC EXTERNAL DEBT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC POLICY s QUALITY OF ASSETS s RATE OF GROWTH s REAL GDP s REAL WAGES s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPO s REPO RATES s RESERVE MONEY s RETAIL PRICES s RETIREMENT s RISK AVERSE s SAVINGS s SECURITIES EXCHANGE s SHORT-TERM INTEREST RATES s SHORTFALL s SHORTFALLS s SLOW GROWTH s STABLE EXCHANGE RATES s STOCKS s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SURPLUS s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX REVENUE s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRADING PARTNERS s TRANSMISSION MECHANISM s TRANSPORT s TREASURY BILL s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s VALUE ADDED s VULNERABILITY TO SHOCKS s WAGES s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS English en_US Kenya's economy remains strong, enabling it to weather the headwinds it faces. Maintenance of macroeconomic stability and adherence to credible policies has underpinned Kenya's growth in the past. Continuing to adhere to these policies will help the country surmount domestic shocks, allowing it to grow 4.7 percent a year in 2014 and 2015. Addressing the pressures emerging from fiscal expansion is a priority. The large public sector wage bill and devolution have reduced fiscal buffers and increased fiscal risks. Kenya's health outcomes are not commensurate with its aspirations of achieving middle income status. Global evidence indicates that investing in primary health care is the most cost-effective way to improve health outcomes. Key recommendations to stabilize and sustain a robust growth include: (a) deepening fiscal consolidation without reducing infrastructure spending; and (b) expanding the engines of growth to include not only consumption but also investments and exports. Key recommendations that can help Kenya improve the delivery of primary health care include: (a) focusing first on making existing public primary health care facilities operational; (b) building on partnerships with faith-based organizations and partner with the private sector; and (c) the use of fixed facilities, such as inpatient services in many health centers that are grossly underutilized 40 17-11-21 00:18:34.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870277 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20028 Volltext, Open Access

1759725706

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:59.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725706 OCoLC 1255599203 WBOKR 20126 EBP 064564037 KEP 064564037 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20126 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Service Delivery Indicators Tanzania World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Africa Tanzania s ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s AVAILABILITY OF TEACHERS s AVERAGE NUMBER OF STUDENTS s AVERAGE SCORE s BASIC COMPETENCIES s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC KNOWLEDGE s BLACK STUDENTS s CARE PROVIDERS s CIVIL SOCIETY s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM TEACHING s CLASSROOMS s CLINICS s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COUNSELING s CURRICULUM s ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION s EDUCATION EXPENDITURES s EDUCATION INDICATORS s EDUCATION OUTCOMES s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SERVICES s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT s EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES s EFFECTIVE EDUCATION s ENROLLMENT s ENROLLMENT FIGURES s ENROLLMENT LEVELS s FINAL OUTCOMES s GIRLS s HEAD TEACHER s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH EDUCATION s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH SERVICES s HIGH DROP-OUT RATES s HIGHER ENROLLMENT s HIGHER GRADES s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INSTRUCTION s LANGUAGE CURRICULUM s LANGUAGE TEACHERS s LEARNING s LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LITERACY s LITERATURE s MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM s MATHEMATICS TEACHERS s MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MORTALITY s MOTHER TONGUE s NONFORMAL EDUCATION s NUMBER OF PUPILS s NUMBER OF STUDENTS PER TEACHER s NUMBER OF TEXTBOOKS s NUTRITION s PAPERS s PARITY s PARTICIPATION OF GIRLS s PATIENT s PATIENTS s PEDAGOGY s PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s PRIMARY CURRICULUM s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE s PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN s PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN s PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PUPIL TEACHER RATIO s PUPILS PER TEACHER s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s READING s READING COMPREHENSION s RESEARCH INSTITUTE s RESEARCH INSTITUTES s RURAL AREAS s RURAL SCHOOLS s SANITATION s SANITATION FACILITIES s SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION s SCHOOL DAY s SCHOOL ENROLLMENT s SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE s SCHOOL LEVEL s SCHOOL PARTICIPATION s SCHOOL RECORDS s SCHOOL SUPPLIES s SCHOOL-AGE s SCHOOLING s SENIOR TEACHER s SOCIAL SCIENCE s STAFF MORALE s STAFF REMUNERATION s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT SCORES s STUDENT-TEACHER RATIO s STUDENT-TEACHER RATIOS s TEACHER EDUCATION s TEACHER SHORTAGE s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING STAFF s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TEST SCORES s TEXTBOOKS s UNIVERSITY GRADUATES s URBAN SCHOOLS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WORKERS English en_US The indicators, which were piloted in Tanzania, provide a set of metrics to benchmark the performance of schools and health clinics in Africa. The indicators can be used to track progress within and across countries over time, and aim to enhance active monitoring of service delivery to increase public accountability and good governance. The service delivery indicators project takes as its starting point the literature on how to boost education and health outcomes in developing countries. This literature shows robust evidence that the type of individuals attracted to specific tasks at different levels of the service delivery hierarchy, as well as the set of incentives they face to actually exert effort, are positively and significantly related to education and health outcomes. To evaluate the feasibility of the indicators, pilot surveys in primary education and health care were implemented in Tanzania in 2010. The results from the pilot studies demonstrate that the indicators methodology is capable of providing the necessary information to construct harmonized indicators on the quality of service delivery, as experienced by the citizen, using a single set of instruments at a single point of collection. This paper is structured as follows: section one gives introduction. Section two outlines the analytical underpinnings of the indicators and how they are categorized. Section three presents the methodology of the pilot surveys in Tanzania. The results from the pilot are presented and analyzed in section four. Section five presents results on education outcomes, as evidenced by student test scores. Section six discusses the advantages and disadvantages of collapsing the indicators into one score or index, and provides a method for doing so in case such an index is deemed appropriate. Section seven discusses lessons learned, trade-offs, and options for scaling up the project 40 17-11-21 00:18:34.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870285 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20126 Volltext, Open Access

1759725714

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:59.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725714 OCoLC 1255598983 WBOKR 20125 EBP 064564029 KEP 064564029 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20125 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Service Delivery Indicators Senegal World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Africa Senegal s ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT s ACCESS TO BOOKS s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s AVAILABILITY OF TEACHERS s AVERAGE NUMBER OF STUDENTS s AVERAGE SCORE s AVERAGE STUDENT-TEACHER RATIO s BASIC COMPETENCIES s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC KNOWLEDGE s BLACK STUDENTS s CARE PROVIDERS s CIVIL SOCIETY s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM TEACHING s CLASSROOMS s CLINICS s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COUNSELING s CURRICULUM s ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION s EDUCATION EXPENDITURES s EDUCATION INDICATORS s EDUCATION OUTCOMES s EDUCATION QUALITY s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SERVICES s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT s EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES s EFFECTIVE EDUCATION s EFFECTIVE TEACHING s ENROLLMENT s ENROLLMENT FIGURES s ENROLLMENT LEVELS s EXPENDITURES s FINAL OUTCOMES s GIRLS s HEAD TEACHER s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH EDUCATION s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH SERVICES s HIGH DROP-OUT RATES s HIGHER ENROLLMENT s HIGHER GRADES s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS s LANGUAGE CURRICULUM s LANGUAGE TEACHERS s LEARNING s LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LITERACY s LITERATURE s MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM s MATHEMATICS TEACHERS s MORTALITY s MOTHER TONGUE s NONFORMAL EDUCATION s NUMBER OF STUDENTS PER TEACHER s NUMBER OF TEXTBOOKS s NUTRITION s PAPERS s PARITY s PARTICIPATION OF GIRLS s PATIENT s PATIENTS s PEDAGOGY s PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s PRIMARY CURRICULUM s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE s PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN s PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN s PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PUPIL TEACHER RATIO s PUPILS PER TEACHER s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s READING s READING COMPREHENSION s RESEARCH INSTITUTE s RURAL AREAS s RURAL SCHOOLS s SANITATION s SANITATION FACILITIES s SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION s SCHOOL DAY s SCHOOL ENROLLMENT s SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE s SCHOOL LEVEL s SCHOOL PARTICIPATION s SCHOOL RECORDS s SCHOOL-AGE s SCHOOLING s SENIOR TEACHER s SOCIAL SCIENCE s STAFF MORALE s STAFF REMUNERATION s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT SCORES s STUDENT-TEACHER RATIOS s TEACHER s TEACHER EDUCATION s TEACHER SHORTAGE s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TEST SCORES s TEXTBOOKS s UNIVERSITY GRADUATES s URBAN SCHOOLS s WORKERS English en_US The indicators, which were piloted in Senegal, provide a set of metrics to benchmark the performance of schools and health clinics in Africa. The indicators can be used to track progress within and across countries over time, and aim to enhance active monitoring of service delivery to increase public accountability and good governance. The service delivery indicators project takes as its starting point the literature on how to boost education and health outcomes in developing countries. This literature shows robust evidence that the type of individuals attracted to specific tasks at different levels of the service delivery hierarchy, as well as the set of incentives they face to actually exert effort, are positively and significantly related to education and health outcomes. To evaluate the feasibility of the indicators, pilot surveys in primary education and health care were implemented in Senegal in 2010. The results from the pilot studies demonstrate that the indicators methodology is capable of providing the necessary information to construct harmonized indicators on the quality of service delivery, as experienced by the citizen, using a single set of instruments at a single point of collection. This paper is structured as follows: section one gives introduction. Section two outlines the analytical underpinnings of the indicators and how they are categorized. Section three presents the methodology of the pilot surveys in Senegal. The results from the pilot are presented and analyzed in section four. Section five presents results on education outcomes, as evidenced by student test scores. Section six discusses the advantages and disadvantages of collapsing the indicators into one score or index, and provides a method for doing so in case such an index is deemed appropriate. Section seven discusses lessons learned, trade-offs, and options for scaling up the project 40 17-11-21 00:18:34.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870293 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20125 Volltext, Open Access

1759725722

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725722 OCoLC 1255599236 WBOKR 20136 EBP 064564010 KEP 064564010 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20136 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Service Delivery Indicators Kenya Gayle H. Martin VerfasserIn aut Obert Pimhidzai VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Kenya s ABSENTEEISM s ADULTS s AVERAGE SCORE s BINDING s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM ENVIRONMENT s CLASSROOMS s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM REVIEW s DROPOUT RATES s EDUCATION TEACHERS s ENROLLMENT s EXAM s FINAL OUTCOMES s GROUP LEARNING s HEAD TEACHER s HIGH DROPOUT s HIGH DROPOUT RATES s HIGHER GRADES s LEARNING s LECTURES s LITERACY s MATHEMATICS s NUMBER OF TEACHERS s PEDAGOGIC SKILLS s PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS s PEDAGOGY s PRIMARY CURRICULUM s PRIVATE SCHOOL s PRIVATE SCHOOL STUDENTS s PRIVATE SCHOOL TEACHERS s PRIVATE SCHOOLS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC SCHOOL s PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS s PUBLIC SCHOOLS s READING s REASONING s SCHOOL DAY s SCHOOL GOVERNANCE s SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT DATA s SUBJECTS s TEACHER s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEST SCORES s TEXTBOOK s TEXTBOOKS s WORKERS pha English en_US Without consistent and accurate information on the quality of services, it is difficult for citizens or politicians (the principal) to assess how service providers (the agent) are performing and to take corrective action. The service delivery indicators (SDI) provide a set of metrics to benchmark the performance of schools and health clinics in Africa. The indicators can be used to track progress within and across countries over time, and aim to enhance active monitoring of service delivery to increase public accountability and good governance. Ultimately, the goal of this effort is to help policymakers, citizens, service providers, donors, and other stakeholders enhance the quality of services and improve development outcomes. This report presents the findings from the implementation of the first SDI survey in Kenya. The production of health services requires three dimensions of service delivery: (i) the availability of key inputs such as drugs, equipment and infrastructure; (ii) providers who are skilled; and (iii) providers who exert the necessary effort in applying knowledge and skills. The SDI surveys allow for the assessment of how these elements come together to produce quality health services in the same place at the same time. This paper is structured as follows: section one gives introduction. Section two outlines the analytical underpinnings of the indicators and how they are categorized. Section three presents the methodology of the Kenya SDI education and health surveys. The results are presented and analyzed in section four and section five. The report concludes with a summary of the overall findings and some implications for Kenya 40 17-11-21 00:18:34.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870307 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20136 Volltext, Open Access

1759725730

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725730 OCoLC 1255599155 WBOKR 20116 EBP 064564002 KEP 064564002 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20116 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Building Resilience for Sustainable Development of the Sundarbans Strategy Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES s AGRICULTURE s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIR POLLUTION CONTROL s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY s ANIMAL s ANIMALS s AQUACULTURE s AQUATIC SPECIES s BASIC HUMAN NEEDS s BAY s BEAR s BIODIVERSITY s BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION s BIODIVERSITY LOSS s BIODIVERSITY PROTECTION s BIOSPHERE s BIOSPHERE RESERVE s BUFFER AREA s CARBON s CARBON CREDITS s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON MARKETS s CASE STUDIES s CHILD MORTALITY s CITIZENS s CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CO s CO2 s COAST s COASTAL COMMUNITIES s COASTAL ZONE s COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT s COLORS s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s CONSERVATION s CONSERVATION GOAL s CONSERVATION INTERVENTIONS s CONSERVATION OF NATURE s CONSTRUCTION s CORE AREA s CRITICAL AREAS s CROPS s CYCLONES s DEFORESTATION s DESALINATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DISABILITY s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DISEASES s DISSEMINATION s DRINKING WATER s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECOSYSTEM s ECOSYSTEMS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENTITLEMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTS s EQUILIBRIUM s EROSION s EROSION CONTROL s ESTUARIES s ESTUARINE s ESTUARINE SYSTEMS s FAMILY HEALTH s FERTILITY s FISH s FISH PRODUCTION s FISHERIES s FISHING s FLOODING s FLOODS s FOOD SECURITY s FOREST s FOREST COVER s FOREST DEGRADATION s FOREST ECOSYSTEM s FOREST PRODUCTS s FOREST USE s FOREST ZONE s FORESTRY s FORESTS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FRESHWATER s FUELS s GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE s GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HABITATS s HARM s HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s HEALTH RISKS s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN HABITATION s HUMAN LIFE s HUMAN SETTLEMENTS s HUMAN­WILDLIFE CONFLICTS s HYDROLOGY s ILLNESS s ILLNESSES s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s IPCC s ISSUES s KNOWLEDGE BASE s LAND AREA s LAND SUBSIDENCE s LAND USE s LEGAL STATUS s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS s LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES s LIVESTOCK s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL POPULATION s MANGROVE ECOSYSTEMS s MANGROVE FOREST s MANGROVE REFORESTATION s MANGROVES s MEDICAL CARE s METALS s METEOROLOGY s MIGRANT s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MORTALITY s NATIONAL ACTION s NATIONAL ACTION PLAN s NATIONAL PARK s NATURAL HABITATS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUTRIENT CYCLING s NUTRITION s OSMOSIS s PERSONAL CAPACITY s PERVERSE INCENTIVES s PETROLEUM s PLANT s PLANTATIONS s POACHING s PONDS s POOR HEALTH s POPULATION FIGURES s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION PRESSURES s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SERVICE s QUALITY OF LIFE s REDUCING EMISSIONS s REFERRAL SYSTEM s REGULATORY AUTHORITIES s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s RESERVE AREAS s RESERVE FORESTS s RESERVES s RESTORATION s RICE PRODUCTION s RISK MANAGEMENT s RIVER s RIVER DOLPHIN s RIVER SYSTEMS s ROADS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SAFE WATER s SAFETY NET s SALINITY s SANITATION s SATELLITE IMAGERY s SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN s SEA LEVEL s SEA LEVEL RISE s SEASONAL BASIS s SEDIMENT s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOCIAL CONDITIONS s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s SPECIES s STORMS s STREAMS s STUDY AREA s SURFACE AREA s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TEMPORARY MIGRATION s TIGER s TIGER RESERVE s TIGERS s TIMBER s TIMBER PRODUCTS s TOURISM s TOURISM DEVELOPMENT s TOXIC METALS s TRANSPORTATION s TROPICAL CYCLONES s URBAN AREAS s URBAN ENVIRONMENTS s VILLAGES s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE POPULATIONS s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SUPPLIES s WETLAND s WETLAND MANAGEMENT s WILDLIFE s WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES s WILLINGNESS TO PAY s WMO s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION s WTP pha English en_US Recognizing the importance and uniqueness of the Sundarbans, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) declared the Indian portion of the forest a World Heritage Site in 1987, and the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Program has included the Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve in the Global Network of Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserves Contributing to Action on Climate Change and Sustainable Development. While the Sundarbans region is celebrated for its ecological attributes, it is a difficult place to live in. The inhabited portions of India s Sundarbans are characterized by severe poverty, which both contributes to and arises from the vulnerability of the population to a growing range of natural hazards. Resilience is characterized by a capacity to adapt to changing conditions and persistent stresses by responding effectively. However, the resilience of those residing in the Sundarbans has been undermined by a long series of persistent pressures. Sea level rise, salinization of soil and water, cyclonic storms and flooding have combined over the past century to render this one of the most hazardous areas in the Indian subcontinent 40 17-11-21 00:18:34.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870315 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20116 Volltext, Open Access

1759725749

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:59.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725749 OCoLC 1255599011 WBOKR 20098 EBP 064563995 KEP 064563995 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20098 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO A Vision for Nepal Policy Notes for the Government, Volume 1. Synthesis Report World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Nepal South Asia s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AIR s ASSET MANAGEMENT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANKING CRISIS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BENEFICIARIES s BETTER ACCESS TO MARKETS s BOTTLENECKS s BRIDGE s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUDGETING s BUS s BUS SERVICES s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL BASES s CAPITAL FORMATION s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s CONFLICT s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s COST EFFECTIVENESS s COUNTRY RISKS s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT REPORTING s CREDIT SQUEEZE s CURRENCY s DEBT s DECENTRALIZATION s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DRIVERS s DRIVING s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ELASTICITY s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EQUITY INSTRUMENTS s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s FINANCE INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FIXED CAPITAL s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FUEL s FUEL SAVINGS s FUELS s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GUARANTEE FUND s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX s HUMAN RESOURCES s IMPACT ON POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME TAX s INDEBTEDNESS s INDICATORS OF POVERTY s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINE s INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENT s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTMENT RATE s IRRIGATION s LABOR MARKETS s LAND TRANSPORT s LAND USE s LAND VALUE s LEASE AGREEMENT s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY CRISIS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s LONG TERM ASSET s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET STRUCTURE s MICRO FINANCE s MOBILITY s MONETARY FUND s NATIONAL SAVINGS s NON PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OLD-AGE PENSION s OPPORTUNITY COST s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s OUTPUT LOSS s PARTIAL RISK s PAYMENT DEFAULT s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PEAK DEMAND s PEDESTRIAN s PEDESTRIAN INFRASTRUCTURE s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PHYSICAL ASSETS s POLITICAL STABILITY s POOR s POOR POLICY s POPULATION GROWTH s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO DIVERSIFICATION s POVERTY ERADICATION s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY RANKINGS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRIVATE FINANCING s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE TRANSFERS s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC WORKS s PURCHASING POWER s QUALITY OF TRANSPORT s QUALITY OF TRANSPORT SERVICES s RATES OF RETURN s RE-INVESTMENT s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATES s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REMOTE REGIONS s REPAYMENT s RESERVE s RETURNS s RIGHT OF WAY s RISK AVERSION s ROAD s ROAD NETWORK s ROADS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL INCOME s RURAL PHENOMENON s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SANITATION s SOCIAL IMPACTS s SOCIAL POLICIES s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOLVENCY s STATE GUARANTEE s TARGETING s TAX RATES s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERMS OF CREDIT s TERRORISM s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT FACILITIES s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT INVESTMENT s TRANSPORT INVESTMENTS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORTATION s TREASURY s TRIP s TRUE s TRUST FUND s URBAN TRANSPORT s VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT s WALKING s WAR s WITHHOLDING TAX English Nepal needs a new economic model to achieve faster and sustained growth as well as further improvements in human development and poverty outcomes. Economic growth, while ro¬bust at around 4 percent annual average since 2005, is far from the level needed to achieve the government s ambitious targets. The economy, highly dependent on remittances, lacks the nec¬essary dynamism. While substantial gains have been made to reduce poverty and expand access to services, achieving further progress will require more determined and targeted state intervention. To redefine Nepal s growth model, public policy should focus on 3 I s: Investment, In¬frastructure, and Inclusion. Investment is the bedrock of a sustainable growth model but in Nepal, the state, firms and households critically under-invest, with gross fixed capital formation between 19.9 and 22.2 percent of GDP over the past decade (compared to 30 percent or more in fast-growing countries in East Asia). In order to unlock investment as well as to expand access to services and opportunities for all, public infra¬structure is critical, but Nepal is under-connected and under-powered. Finally, growth alone will not deliver continued fast progress on inequality and poverty reduction unless the growth model is calibrated for inclusion, which in turn can help sustain dynamic growth 40 17-11-21 00:18:34.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870323 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20098 Volltext, Open Access

1759725757

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:14:59.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725757 OCoLC 1255599164 WBOKR 20099 EBP 064563987 KEP 064563987 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20099 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO A Vision for Nepal Policy Notes for the Government, Volume 2. Sector Notes World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Nepal South Asia s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANKING ASSETS s BANKING CRISES s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SERVICES s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BRANCH LICENSING s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL OUTLAYS s CAPITAL RAISING s CAPITAL STRUCTURE s CASH TRANSFERS s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK BRANCHES s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPLIANCE COST s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s COUNTRY RISK s CREDIT AGENCIES s CREDIT CRUNCH s CREDIT CULTURE s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT INFORMATION BUREAU s CREDIT INFORMATION BUREAUS s CREDIT LINE s CREDIT MARKETS s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT WORTHINESS s CREDITORS s CREDITWORTHINESS s DEBT s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT RECOVERY s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICITS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITOR s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION s DOMESTIC CREDIT s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION LEVEL s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS s ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY CAPITAL s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTERS s FINANCIAL ACCESS s FINANCIAL CONTAGION s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FIXED CAPITAL s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FORMAL FINANCIAL SECTOR s GENDER s GENDER GAP s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GUARANTEE FUND s IMPLICIT GUARANTEE s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME TAX s INEQUALITY s INFORMATION ASYMMETRIES s INFORMATION ASYMMETRY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE CAPS s INTEREST RATE SPREAD s INTEREST RATES s INTERMEDIATION SPREAD s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVENTORY s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT CLIMATES s INVESTMENT FLOWS s INVESTMENT PLAN s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s ISSUANCE s KEY CHALLENGE s KEY CHALLENGES s LABOR MARKET s LEASE AGREEMENT s LEGAL ASSISTANCE s LEGAL AUTHORITY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL INSTRUMENTS s LEGAL TOOLS s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LENDERS s LENDING DECISIONS s LENDING REQUIREMENT s LENDING SPREAD s LIABILITY s LINE OF CREDIT s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY PROBLEMS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOAN MATURITY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET SHARE s MFI s MICRO FINANCE s MINIMUM CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO s MINIMUM CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s MONETARY FUND s NEGATIVE SHOCK s NON PERFORMING LOANS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s NUTRITION s OUTPUT LOSS s PARTIAL RISK s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PENSIONS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL STABILITY s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE FUNDS s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS s PRODUCTIVE INVESTMENT s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC RECORDS s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL ESTATE s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s RESERVE s RETURNS s SAFETY NET s SAVINGS ACCOUNT s SHAREHOLDERS s SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY s SOLVENCY s STATE GUARANTEE s SUPPLY OF CREDIT s TAX RATES s TAX SYSTEM s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERRORISM s TRADE CREDIT s TRADE FINANCE s TRADE UNION s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TRUST FUND s TURNOVER s VILLAGE s WITHHOLDING TAX s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US Nepal needs a new economic model to achieve faster and sustained growth as well as further improvements in human development and poverty outcomes. Economic growth, while ro¬bust at around 4 percent annual average since 2005, is far from the level needed to achieve the government s ambitious targets. The economy, highly dependent on remittances, lacks the nec¬essary dynamism. While substantial gains have been made to reduce poverty and expand access to services, achieving further progress will require more determined and targeted state intervention. To redefine Nepal s growth model, public policy should focus on 3 I s: Investment, In¬frastructure, and Inclusion. Investment is the bedrock of a sustainable growth model but in Nepal, the state, firms and households critically under-invest, with gross fixed capital formation between 19.9 and 22.2 percent of GDP over the past decade (compared to 30 percent or more in fast-growing countries in East Asia). In order to unlock investment as well as to expand access to services and opportunities for all, public infra¬structure is critical, but Nepal is under-connected and under-powered. Finally, growth alone will not deliver continued fast progress on inequality and poverty reduction unless the growth model is calibrated for inclusion, which in turn can help sustain dynamic growth 40 17-11-21 00:18:34.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870331 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20099 Volltext, Open Access

1759725765

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725765 OCoLC 1255598974 WBOKR 20011 EBP 064563979 KEP 064563979 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20011 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO State Higher Education Councils in India Opportunities and Challenges World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACADEMIC AUDIT s ACADEMIC COUNCILS s ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE s ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE s ACADEMIC QUALITY s ACADEMIC STAFF s ACADEMIC STANDARDS s ACCREDITATION s ACHIEVEMENTS s AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES s BASIC SKILLS s BLOCK GRANTS s BLOCK GRANTS TO UNIVERSITIES s CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE s COLLEGE TEACHERS s COLLEGES s COMMUNITY COLLEGES s COUNTRY CASE STUDIES s COUNTRY STUDIES s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT s DECENTRALIZATION s DISCIPLINES s EDUCATION ACTIVITIES s EDUCATION COUNCILS s EDUCATION DEPARTMENT s EDUCATION MINISTER s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION PROVIDERS s EDUCATION REFORMS s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATORS s EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS s EDUCATIONAL PLANNING s EMPLOYMENT s EXTENSION s EXTENSION ACTIVITIES s EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES s FACULTIES s FACULTY QUALITY s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s GRADING s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION COMMUNITY s HIGHER EDUCATION FUNDING s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s HIGHER EDUCATION PROGRAMS s HIGHER EDUCATION REFORM s HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR s HIGHER EDUCATION STAKEHOLDERS s HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM s HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEMS s HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS s HIGHER LEARNING s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INNOVATIVE TEACHING s INSTITUTIONAL AUTONOMY s INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS s INTELLECTUALS s INTERNATIONAL KNOWLEDGE s JOB MARKET s KNOWLEDGE CONSORTIA s LECTURES s LIBRARIES s MEDICAL EDUCATION s MINISTER FOR EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MOBILITY s NATIONAL EDUCATION s NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY s NATIONAL UNIVERSITY s NEW UNIVERSITIES s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PRINCIPALS s PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES s PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC UNIVERSITY s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION s QUALITY OF TEACHING s REFERENCE BOOKS s RESEARCH FUNDING s RESEARCH GRANTS s RESEARCH INSTITUTES s RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS s RESOURCE CENTRE s SCHOLARS s SCHOOLS s SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH s SEMESTER SYSTEM s SHORTAGE OF FACULTY s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SPORTS s STANDARDS OF EDUCATION s STATE UNIVERSITIES s SYLLABI s TEACHER s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING STAFF s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TECHNICAL EXPERTS s TENURE s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TEXT BOOKS s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING OF TEACHERS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENTS s UNIVERSITY GRANTS s UNIVERSITY PROGRAMS s UNIVERSITY SYSTEMS s UNIVERSITY TEACHERS English en_US One of the pre-requisites of the Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA) scheme requires that states form a State Higher Education Council (SHEC). This represents a fundamental change in Indian higher education policy, especially in recognition of the role of the states as the unit of planning, and the intent that multiple funding streams to states (Central and State) be aligned with the SHEC planning. However, beyond the RUSA requirements, the scale and complexity of the Indian higher education system require that the states play a more active role in planning and coordinating the system. To carry out this more active role, states must have effective SHEC 40 17-11-21 00:18:34.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987034X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20011 Volltext, Open Access

1759725773

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725773 OCoLC 1255599271 WBOKR 20062 EBP 064563960 KEP 064563960 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20062 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Revenue Sharing of Natural Resources in Africa Reflections from a Review of International Practices Giorgio Brosio VerfasserIn aut Raju Jan Singh VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa s AUCTION s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BID s BIDS s BLOCK GRANTS s CAPITAL COSTS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL LOSSES s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CASH PAYMENT s CASH PAYMENTS s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT SPENDING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS s CENTRALIZATION s CHECKS s CLAIMANTS s COAL s COLLUSION s COMPENSATION FUND s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONSTITUTIONAL MANDATE s CONSUMERS s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s CORPORATE PROFIT TAX s CURRENCY s CURRENT EXPENDITURES s DEBT s DEBT REDEMPTION s DECENTRALIZATION s DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DISBURSEMENT s DISCOUNT RATE s DISCOUNT RATES s DISTRICT s DISTRICT ASSEMBLIES s DISTRICTS s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC RENT s ECONOMIC THEORY s EFFICIENCY LOSSES s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY PRICES s EMISSIONS s ENTITLEMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EQUALIZATION s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPECTED VALUE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE CUTS s EXPLOITATION s EXPLOITATION ACTIVITIES s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNALITIES s FEASIBILITY STUDIES s FEDERAL CONSTITUTION s FEDERAL COUNTRIES s FEDERAL SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT s FINANCES s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FORESTRY s FRAUD s GDP s GOVERNMENT CAPACITY s GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s HOLDING s INCOME TAX s INDUSTRIAL ECONOMIES s INEFFICIENCY s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERMEDIATION s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVESTING s ISSUANCE s LANDOWNERS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT s LEVY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MACROECONOMIC IMPACT s MARKET PRICE s MARKET PRICES s MICROENTERPRISES s MINES s MINISTRY OF ENERGY s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY s MUNICIPALITIES s MUNICIPALITY s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET REVENUES s OIL s OIL PRICE s OPEC s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s PENSION s PENSION FUND s POLICY INSTRUMENTS s POLICY OBJECTIVES s PORTS s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s PRESENT VALUE s PRICE FLUCTUATIONS s PRICE INCREASES s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION RATES s PROVEN RESERVES s PROVINCE s PROVINCES s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT s PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC GOOD s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s REGULATORY POWERS s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s RETURN s RETURNS s REVENUE FLUCTUATIONS s REVENUE MANAGEMENT s REVENUE SHARING s REVENUE SHARING SCHEMES s REVENUE VOLATILITY s RISK AVERSE s RISK AVERSION s ROADS s SAL s SAVINGS s SECTOR MINISTRY s SHARE OF EQUITY s SHARE OF INVESTMENT s SHAREHOLDER s SOVEREIGN RISK s SUB-NATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENT s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUBNATIONAL UNITS s SURCHARGES s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATION s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BASE s TAX BASES s TAX CONCESSION s TAX CREDIT s TAX INSTRUMENTS s TAX LIABILITIES s TAX LIABILITY s TAX OBLIGATION s TAX PURPOSES s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUE SHARING s TAX REVENUES s TAXABLE INCOME s TAXATION s TAXPAYERS s TIMBER s TOTAL COSTS s TOTAL REVENUE s TOXIC SUBSTANCES s TRANSPARENCY s TREATIES s TREATY s VALUE OF OUTPUT s WEALTH English en_US The African continent is one of the world richest regions in oil, gas and minerals. Proven reserves have expanded and prospects improved recently making the continent an important player on the world stage. The share of natural resources in GDP is increasing rapidly. Exports of minerals and hydrocarbons account for more than a quarter of total exports in half of the sub-Saharan economies and the share of natural resources revenue (NRR) on total government revenue is expected to become dominant for an increasing number of countries. Wealth of natural resources offers opportunities but it also brings in challenges. Natural resources have generally been linked to a series of negative outcomes like economic decline, corruption and autocratic rule (McNeish, 2010). Oil and minerals reserves are often point source natural resources, being usually very spatially concentrated. Their discovery becomes almost inevitably a potential source of conflict between the governments, the people of the producing areas and those of the rest of the country (Fearon and Laitin, 2003). In other words, intergovernmental sharing is a big issue that needs a solution when natural resources are discovered and exploited. Full centralization of NNR is the exception rather than the rule, as we will observe in the paper. It is practiced for oil and gas by both autocratic regimes (such as Saudi Arabia and other Middle East countries), and fully fledged democratic systems, such as Norway and the UK. Full centralization does not imply, however, the absence of compensating mechanisms, or of indirect transfers in favor of the governments of the producing areas. In the UK, for example, Scotland receives no share of oil taxes, but is compensated with a larger share of block grants to local governments (the Barnett formula ). Norway rewards the local governments closer to the producing areas with generous infrastructure projects, such as tunnels and bridges linking very sparsely populated areas and islands. Autocratic countries may also use repression to quench the request for a share of NRR from their producing areas 40 17-11-21 00:18:34.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870358 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20062 Volltext, Open Access

1759725781

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725781 OCoLC 1255599169 WBOKR 20101 EBP 064563952 KEP 064563952 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20101 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Oil and Civil Conflict Can Public Spending Have a Mitigation Effect? Cristina Bodea VerfasserIn aut Masaaki Higashijima VerfasserIn aut Raju Jan Singh VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa s ADEQUATE EDUCATION s ADULT LITERACY s ARMED CONFLICT s ARMED FORCE s ARMED FORCES s ARMS s BASIC HUMAN NEEDS s BATTLE s CITIZEN s CITIZENS s CIVIL CONFLICT s CIVIL CONFLICTS s CIVIL LIBERTIES s CIVIL PEACE s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL UNREST s CIVIL WAR s CIVIL WARS s COERCION s COLD WAR s CONFLICT s CONFLICT MANAGEMENT s CONFLICT PREVENTION s CONFLICT RESEARCH s CONFLICT RESOLUTION s CONFLICT RISK s CONFLICT RISKS s CONFLICTS s COST OF REBELLION s DEATHS s DEMOCRACY s DEMOCRACY SCORE s DEPENDENCE s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISPUTES s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s DURATION OF CONFLICT s DURATION OF PEACE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ETHNIC DIVISIONS s ETHNIC GROUP s ETHNIC HETEROGENEITY s ETHNIC POLITICS s FERTILITY s FIGHTING s FOUNDATIONS s GENOCIDE s GOVERNMENT POWER s HEALTH SECTOR s HIGH RISK s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION s IMF s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME PER CAPITA s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INTERNAL CONFLICT s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION s INTERNATIONAL SECURITY s INTERNATIONAL STUDIES s INTERNATIONAL WAR s INTERPERSONAL SKILLS s INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION s JOURNAL OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION s LACK OF DEMOCRACY s LEVEL OF POVERTY s LIMITED RESOURCES s LINGUISTIC FRACTIONALIZATION s LITERACY RATES s LIVING STANDARDS s MATERIAL RESOURCES s MILITARIZATION s MILITARY BUDGETS s MILITARY EXPENDITURE s MILITARY EXPENDITURES s MILITARY FORCES s MILITARY OPPOSITION s MILITARY PERSONNEL s MILITARY REGIMES s MILITARY SPENDING s NATIONAL DEFENSE s NATIONALISM s NATIONS s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s OBSERVER s OPPORTUNITY COST s PEACE s PEACE RESEARCH s PENSIONS s PERSONAL ENRICHMENT s POLICE s POLICY RESEARCH s POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER s POLITICAL CHANGE s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POLITICAL LEADERSHIP s POLITICAL OPPOSITION s POLITICAL PARTICIPATION s POLITICAL PROCESS s POLITICAL RIGHTS s POLITICAL STABILITY s POLITICAL SUPPORT s POLITICAL VIOLENCE s POPULATION SIZE s POPULOUS COUNTRIES s POST-CONFLICT s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUALITY OF LIFE s REBEL s REBEL GROUP s REBEL GROUPS s REBELLION s REBELS s RELIGIOUS FRACTIONALIZATION s RESOURCE MOBILIZATION s REVOLUTIONS s RISK OF CONFLICT s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY NETS s SANITATION s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECURITY FORCES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL EXPENDITURES s SOCIAL MOBILITY s SOCIAL POLICIES s SOCIAL SECTORS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL WELFARE s STATE UNIVERSITY s TERRORISM s TOLERANCE s UNEMPLOYMENT s VICTIMS s VIOLENT CONFLICT s VIOLENT CONFLICTS s VIOLENT MEANS s WAR DURATION s WAR ECONOMY s WAR PROJECT s WARFARE s WORLD DEVELOPMENT s YOUNG MALE s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNG SOLDIERS English en_US In this paper, the conditions under which the spending patterns of oil resources may mitigate the risk of violent domestic conflict are studied. Some recent research suggests that more government spending either in general or specifically in welfare and military may reduce the risk of civil conflict onset (Hegre and Sambanis, 2006; Basedau and Lay, 2009; Fjelde and de Soysa, 2009; Taydas and Peksen, 2012). While oil wealth has begun to be considered in the study of civil conflict as an important source of revenue for governments, there has not been a systematic analysis of whether oil-rich countries can increase public spending or alter the particular allocation of such spending to social sectors or the military as a way to mitigate the risk of conflict. We use time-series cross section data (148 countries, 1960-2009) to test the hypothesis that oil has a conditional effect on civil conflict depending on the size of government expenditure and the allocation of government spending. Our dependent variable is the onset of small and large civil conflict (Gleditch et al., 2002). The empirical estimations show that small and large conflicts alike are less likely when large parts of oil resources are dedicated to military spending. Increased spending in education, health or social security is associated with lower risk of small-scale conflict, irrespective of the level of oil revenue. On the other hand, higher levels of general government expenditure do not appear to have any robust mitigating effects. The paper proceeds as follows: Section II reviews work on natural resources and conflict; Section III discusses the literature on public spending and conflict; Section IV presents our approach, derives testable hypotheses, and presents the data; Section V describes the results; and Section VI concludes 40 17-11-21 00:18:34.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870366 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20101 Volltext, Open Access

175972579X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972579X OCoLC 1255599285 WBOKR 19977 EBP 064563944 KEP 064563944 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19977 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Enhancing Financial Capability and Inclusion in Mozambique A Demand-Side Assessment World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Mozambique s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES s ACCOUNT OWNERSHIP s ACCOUNT USAGE s AFFORDABILITY s AFFORDABLE PRICES s AMOUNT OF SAVINGS s AVAILABILITY OF CREDIT s AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK BRANCH s BANK BRANCHES s BANK CREDIT s BANK CUSTOMERS s BANK LOAN s BANK LOANS s BANK PRODUCTS s BANK SERVICES s BANKING NETWORKS s BANKING PRODUCT s BANKING SECTOR s BANKS s BASIC FINANCIAL SERVICES s BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS s BIASES s BONDS s BOOKLETS s BORROWING s BUDGETING s CALCULATIONS s CAPITAL MARKET s CHECKING ACCOUNT s CHECKS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMUNITY LEADERS s COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS s COMPOUND INTEREST s COMPREHENSIVE FINANCIAL EDUCATION s CONSULTATION PROCESS s CONSUMER s CONSUMER COMPLAINTS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMER UNDERSTANDING s CONSUMERS s CONTRIBUTIONS s CONVENTIONAL BANK s CREDIT ASSOCIATIONS s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT UNION s CURRENCY s DAY-TO-DAY MONEY MANAGEMENT s DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS s DEPOSIT s DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s EDUCATION LEVELS s EDUCATION TRUST s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS s EMPLOYMENT s EXCHANGE RATES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ACCESS s FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR s FINANCIAL BEHAVIORS s FINANCIAL COMPANIES s FINANCIAL CONCEPTS s FINANCIAL CONSUMER s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DECISION s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS s FINANCIAL GOALS s FINANCIAL ILLITERACY s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL INTEREST s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES s FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL LITERACY QUIZ s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL PRODUCT s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL PROVIDER s FINANCIAL PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR REFORMS s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDER s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FORMAL LOAN s FORMAL SAVINGS s GENDERS s HIGH INTEREST RATES s HOUSEHOLD FINANCES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HOUSING FINANCE s HOUSING LOANS s INCOME s INCOME GROUP s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME SOURCE s INCOMES s INFLATION s INFORMAL CREDIT s INFORMAL FINANCE s INFORMAL LENDER s INFORMAL SAVINGS s INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE SERVICES s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT PRODUCTS s KNOWLEDGE GAP s KNOWLEDGE GAPS s KNOWLEDGE LEVELS s LACK OF ACCESS s LACK OF AWARENESS s LACK OF FINANCE s LACK OF KNOWLEDGE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDER s LENDERS s LESS FINANCIALLY LITERATE s LIFE EVENTS s LOAN s LOW FINANCIAL LITERACY s LOW INCOME s LOW MINIMUM BALANCE s LOW-INCOME s LOW-INCOME PEOPLE s LOWER INCOME s LUMP SUMS s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKETING s MASS MEDIA s MEDIA CAMPAIGNS s MFI s MFIS s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MINIMUM BALANCE s MONEY LENDER s MONEY LENDERS s MONEY TRANSFER s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE PRODUCTS s MORTGAGES s NEW BUSINESS s NONBANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PENETRATION RATES s PENSION s PENSION COMPANIES s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION PLANS s PENSION PRODUCTS s PEOPLES s PERSONAL FINANCES s PERSONAL SAVINGS s PRINT MEDIA s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE PENSIONS s PRIVATIZATION s PROBABILITIES s PROBABILITY s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PUBLIC PENSION s QUESTIONNAIRE s REGRESSION ANALYSIS s RETAIL PRICE s SALES s SAVERS s SAVINGS s SAVINGS ACCOUNT s SAVINGS GOALS s SAVINGS GROUPS s SAVINGS PRODUCTS s SENIOR s SOUND FINANCIAL DECISIONS s STAKEHOLDERS s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s STOCKS s SUBSIDIARY s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TRANSACTION s UNEXPECTED EXPENSES s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POPULATIONS s VALUABLE s VILLAGE s VOLATILE INCOME s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WIRE TRANSFERS English en_US The key findings and recommendations presented in this report cover 4 main areas: financial inclusion, financial capability, relationship between financial inclusion and capability, and financial consumer protection. The remaining chapters are structured as follows. Chapter one explores the financial inclusion landscape in Mozambique. Chapter two gives an overview of Mozambicans' levels of financial capability, in particular about their financial knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. The relationship between financial capability and inclusion is discussed in chapter three. The last chapter investigates if the products which financially included individuals use are effectively meeting their needs 40 17-11-21 00:18:35.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870374 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19977 Volltext, Open Access

1759725803

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725803 OCoLC 1255599299 WBOKR 20010 EBP 064563936 KEP 064563936 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20010 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Costa Rica Five Years after CAFTA-DR, Assessing Early Results for the Costa Rican Economy World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Costa Rica Latin America & Caribbean s ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY s ACCESS TO INSURANCE s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES s AGRICULTURAL TRADE s AGRICULTURE s APPAREL s APPAREL SECTOR s AUTHORITY IN CHARGE s BENCHMARK s BENEFICIARY s BILATERAL APPROACH s BILATERAL TRADE s BROKERAGE s BROKERAGE FIRMS s BROKERS s CENTRAL BANK s CLEAN TECHNOLOGY s COMMERCIAL CODE s COMMODITY s COMMON MARKET s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMPETITION POLICY s COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT s COMPETITIVENESS s CONCESSIONS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMER PRICE INDICES s CONSUMER SURPLUS s CONSUMERS s COUNTRY OF ORIGIN s CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s CROSS-BORDER TRADE s CURRENCY s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS UNION s DEBT s DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION s DUMMY VARIABLE s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC STABILITY s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ELIMINATION OF TARIFFS s ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS s EUROPEAN UNION s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURES s EXPENSE RATIOS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORT PRODUCTS s EXPORT SHARE s EXPORT STRUCTURE s EXPORTS s EXPOSURE s FINANCES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FIRM PERFORMANCE s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN TRADE s FREE ACCESS s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENT s FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS s FREE TRADE AREA s FREE TRADE ZONE s FREE TRADE ZONES s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GRAVITY EQUATION s GRAVITY MODEL s GRAVITY MODELS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATES s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOMES s INFORMATION SERVICES s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE ACTIVITIES s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE PENETRATION s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCES s INSURER s INSURERS s INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS s INTERMEDIATE GOODS s INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CRISIS s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNATIONAL TREATIES s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT FLOWS s JURISDICTIONS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL REGIME s LEGAL REQUIREMENTS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LEVEL OF RISK s LIBERALIZATION s LIBERALIZATIONS s LIFE INSURANCE s LOCAL CURRENCY s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DATA s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SHARES s MARKET SIZE s MICROINSURANCE s MONETARY FUND s MONOPOLIES s MONOPOLY s MONOPOLY PROVIDER s MULTILATERAL AGREEMENT s MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES s NATIONAL TREATMENT s NEW MARKET s NEW PRODUCTS s NON-TARIFF BARRIERS s OPENNESS s OUTPUT s PATENT PROTECTION s POLITICAL STABILITY s PORTFOLIO s POSITIVE EFFECTS s POST OFFICE s PREFERENTIAL TRADE s PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT s PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT s PRICE DEFLATOR s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PROFIT MAXIMIZATION s PROPERTY RIGHTS s QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS s REAL GDP s REAL GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s REFERENDUM s REGIONAL TRADE s REGULATOR s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY BODY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REINSURANCE s RULES OF ORIGIN s SHARE OF INVESTMENT s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s TARIFF BARRIERS s TAX s TAX BENEFITS s TAXATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELEPHONE LINES s TELEPHONE SERVICES s TRADE BARRIERS s TRADE FLOWS s TRADE INTEGRATION s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE PARTNERS s TRADE PATTERNS s TRADE POLICY s TRADE RELATIONSHIPS s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TREATIES s TREATY s UNIVERSAL ACCESS s UNIVERSAL COVERAGE s VOTERS s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US The Dominican Republic - Central America - United States Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) has been fundamental in creating a stable framework for Costa Rica's trade with the United States. For Costa Rica, CAFTA-DR is more than a trade agreement. Besides eliminating tariffs and reducing non-tariff barriers between member countries, CAFTA-DR also introduced major changes to the legal framework of member countries, reducing barriers to services, promoting transparency, and ensuring a secure and predictable environment for investors. This report analyses how CAFTA-DR has impacted the Costa Rican economy in the five years after ratification, both on a macro level and in key specific sectors. The report shows that CAFTA-DR is yielding benefits to the Costa Rican economy, but it is too early to provide a complete account just after five years. The agreement has succeeded to further trade integration between Costa Rica, the US, and other CAFTA-DR countries. Exports to the US began increasing several years before the agreement, but CAFTA-DR accelerated the trend. Costa Rica continues attracting FDI above levels observed in other CAFTA-DR countries, with an increasing share from US investors and a focus on medical devices and business services. Online survey and interviews of high-tech firms in free trade zones found that CAFTA-DR was an important factor in the investment decisions. CAFTA-DR ignited an explosion of changes in the telecom and insurance sectors, bringing new regulatory frameworks, competition, product innovations, and price reductions. Consumers are reaping the benefits of improved telecom and insurance services. But some issues remain for those markets to mature. Finally, the concern regarding the potential negative impact on the Costa Rican Social Security Administration's finances due to the intellectual property rights measures have not been observed 40 17-11-21 00:18:35.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870382 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20010 Volltext, Open Access

1759725811

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725811 OCoLC 1255599293 WBOKR 19972 EBP 064563928 KEP 064563928 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19972 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Russian Federation Monthly Economic Developments Damir Cosic VerfasserIn aut Olga Emelyanova VerfasserIn aut Birgit Hansl VerfasserIn aut Mizuho Kida VerfasserIn aut Mikhail Matytsin VerfasserIn aut Ekaterine Vashakmadze VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Russian Federation s ACCOUNT DEFICIT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK LENDING s BANKS s BASIS POINTS s BOND s BOND ISSUANCE s BORROWING COSTS s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUSINESS CONFIDENCE s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s CAPITALIZATION s CDS s CENTRAL BANK s CONSUMER DEMAND s CONSUMER PRICES s CREDIT DEFAULT s CREDIT DEFAULT SWAPS s CREDIT FLOWS s CREDIT GROWTH s CURRENCY s CURRENCY BASKET s CURRENCY SWAPS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DEPRECIATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DUAL CURRENCY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET BONDS s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY EXPORTS s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY FLOWS s EQUITY ISSUANCE s EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE DYNAMICS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FEDERAL BUDGET s FIXED INVESTMENT s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTORS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s GEOPOLITICAL TENSION s GEOPOLITICAL TENSIONS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GROWTH RATES s IMPORTS s INCOME s INCOME GROWTH s INCOMES s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFLATION EXPECTATIONS s INFLATION RISK s INFLATION RISKS s INFLATION TARGET s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INVENTORIES s INVESTMENT DEMAND s MATURITY s NET CAPITAL s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OIL PRICES s OUTPUT s OUTSTANDING CREDIT s PAYMENT DEFAULT s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PORTFOLIO s PRIVATE PENSION s PROFIT MARGINS s REAL GROWTH RATES s REAL SECTOR s REGULATOR s RESERVES s RETAIL s RETAIL TRADE s SALES s SLOWDOWN s SOVEREIGN BONDS s SWAPS s TARIFF POLICY s TAX s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s WAGES English en_US Second quarter gross domestic product (GDP) estimates and high-frequency indicators suggest continued weakness in the economy even before the latest round of economic sanctions introduced by the European Union (EU), the United States (U.S.), and other countries in late July. The World Bank maintains its current 0.5 percent growth projection for 2014. Inflation slowed in July, but the wide-ranging ban on food imports the Russian authorities introduced in early August will likely increase short-term inflationary pressure and put the Central Bank s 2014 inflation target further out of reach. Pressure on the Ruble resumed on the back of escalating geopolitical tension and advanced sanctions. The continued slowdown in Russia comes amid a sharp rebound in economic growth in the U.S. in the second quarter and a modest pickup in activity in China, while external financing conditions for developing countries remain favorable, reflecting continued accommodative policies in high-income economies. Global oil prices reversed their course in July as geopolitical risks emanating out of Iraq abated, but the ban of EU exports of oil drilling technology to Russia can drive up prices again 40 17-11-21 00:18:35.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870390 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19972 Volltext, Open Access

175972582X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972582X OCoLC 1255599170 WBOKR 19974 EBP 06456391X KEP 06456391X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19974 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Philippine Economic Update, August 2014 Investing in the Future, Sharing Growth and Job Opportunities for All World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Philippines s ACCOUNTING s ADVERSE IMPACTS s AGRICULTURE s AUDITS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR REFORMS s BENCHMARK s BID s BOND s BOND PRICE s BOND PRICES s BONDS s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL FLOW s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOW s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL OUTFLOW s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s CAPITAL OUTLAYS s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER GOODS s CREDIT EXPANSION s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT RATING s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s DAMAGES s DEBT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT SECURITIES s DEFAULT RISK s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNT s DEPOSITORY s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT POLICIES s DOMESTIC BANKING s DOMESTIC BORROWINGS s DOMESTIC ECONOMY s DOMESTIC INFLATION s DURABLE s DURABLE EQUIPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC REFORM s ECONOMIC REFORMS s ECONOMIC STRUCTURE s ELECTRICITY s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUITIES s EQUITY INVESTMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXCISE TAXES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPOSURE s EXPOSURES s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL POLICY s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN OWNERSHIP s FOREIGN PORTFOLIO s FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL ECONOMIC PROSPECTS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEFICIT s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS NATIONAL SAVINGS s GROWTH PROJECTIONS s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HORIZONTAL EQUITY s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME TAX s INCOMES s INDEXATION s INELASTIC DEMAND s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT s INSURANCE s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVENTORIES s INVESTING s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s JOB CREATION s LABOR MARKET s LEASE AGREEMENTS s LEVY s LIABILITY s LIBERALIZATION s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL BUSINESS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LONG-TERM LOANS s M3 s MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMICS s MARKET PERFORMANCE s MARKET REFORMS s MATURITY s MIDDLE-INCOME ECONOMIES s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY SUPPLY s NATIONAL SAVINGS s NATURAL DISASTERS s NET EXPORTS s OUTPUT s OUTPUT GAP s OUTSOURCING s PER CAPITA INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME s POLITICAL STABILITY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INFLOW s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS s POTENTIAL OUTPUT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTION COSTS s PROPERTY MARKET s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC USE s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s REAL ESTATE s REAL GDP s REAL INCOME s REFORM PROGRAM s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s RESERVE s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RESERVES s REVENUE COLLECTION s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENTS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s TARIFF BARRIERS s TAX s TAX CODE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX EXPENDITURES s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX POLICIES s TAX POLICY s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX REGIME s TAX REVENUES s TAX SYSTEM s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL COSTS s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRANCHES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TURNOVER s UNEMPLOYMENT s VOLATILITIES s VOLATILITY s WAGES s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US After recording strong growth in the last two years, Philippine economic growth decelerated to 5.7 percent in the first quarter of 2014 (Q1 2014). After many years of slow poverty reduction, poverty incidence declined by 3 percentage points (PPT) between 2012 and 2013 to 24.9 percent, uplifting 2.5 million Filipinos out of poverty. Given the slow start in Q1 2014, lower government spending in second quarter of 2014 (Q2 2014), and monetary policy tightening, baseline growth projections is revised downwards from 6.6 to 6.4 percent for 2014 and from 6.9 to 6.7 percent for 2015. Strong liquidity and credit growth, as well as higher food and energy prices, continue to exert some risks to price and financial stability. In the medium-term, growth can be sustained and made more inclusive by pursuing structural reforms and investing more in human and physical capital. The Aquino administration has successfully raised tax effort by 1.2 PPT of gross domestic product (GDP) in the last 3 years through the sin tax reform, improved tax administration, and higher growth. These reforms can help the country become more competitive, and in the process create more and better jobs, and accelerate poverty reduction. The Philippine economic update provides an update on key economic and social developments as well as policies over the past 6 months. It also presents findings from recent World Bank studies on the Philippines 40 17-11-21 00:18:35.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870404 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19974 Volltext, Open Access

1759725838

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725838 OCoLC 1255599218 WBOKR 20066 EBP 064563901 KEP 064563901 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20066 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Philippine Economic Update Pursuing Inclusive Growth through Sustainable Reconstruction and Job Creation World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Philippines s ACCOUNTING s ADVANCED ECONOMIES s AGRICULTURE s ALTERNATIVE FUNDING s ARBITRAGE s ASSET PRICES s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK DEPOSIT s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK LENDING s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIS POINTS s BENCHMARK s BENCHMARK BONDS s BID s BOND s BOND PRICE s BOND PRICES s BONDS s BORROWING COSTS s BROKERS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUSINESS CYCLE s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s CASH TRANSFER s CENTRAL BANK s CLEAN WATER s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER EXPECTATIONS s CONSUMER GOODS s CREDIT CARDS s CREDIT EXPANSION s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RISK s CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s DAMAGES s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT CONSOLIDATION s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT STOCK s DEFICITS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISBURSEMENTS s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC ECONOMY s DOMESTIC MARKET s DURABLE s DURABLE EQUIPMENT s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUITY CAPITAL s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCISE TAXES s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCE CORPORATION s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FISCAL POLICY s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE s FLOW STATISTICS s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS s GDP s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT ASSETS s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT FINANCES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH PROJECTIONS s GROWTH RATES s HOLDING s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME TAXES s INCOMES s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INFLATION s INFLATION TARGET s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCES s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE DIFFERENTIALS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT SPENDING s ISSUANCE s JOB CREATION s LACK OF COLLATERAL s LEGAL PROTECTION s LIABILITY s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOCAL ECONOMIES s LOCAL ECONOMY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LONG-TERM LOANS s LOW INTEREST RATE s LOW INTEREST RATES s M3 s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES s MARKET ASSETS s MARKET VOLATILITIES s MARKET VOLATILITY s MATURITY s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY SUPPLY s MULTIPLIER EFFECT s MULTIPLIER EFFECTS s NATURAL DISASTERS s NET EXPORTS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s OIL PRICES s OUTPUT s OUTSOURCING s PHYSICAL ASSETS s PLEDGES s POLITICAL STABILITY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INFLOWS s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS s PORTFOLIOS s PRINCIPAL PAYMENTS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PROBABILITY OF DEFAULTS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SPENDING s RAPID GROWTH s REAL ESTATE s REAL ESTATE LENDING s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCE SERVICES s REMITTANCES s RESERVES s RETURN s RISK DIVERSIFICATION s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK REDUCTION s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SAVINGS CAPACITY s SHORT-TERM CAPITAL s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENTS s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SPOT MARKET s STATIC ANALYSIS s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKET INDEX s STOCK MARKETS s STOCKS s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s T-BILL s T-BILL RATE s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX POLICY s TAX RATES s TAX REVENUES s TAX SYSTEM s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILL RATES s TROUGH s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VALUE ADDED s VOLATILITIES s VOLATILITY s WAGES s WHOLESALE MARKET s WITHDRAWAL s WITHHOLDING TAX s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US Despite typhoon Yolanda and a string of natural disasters throughout 2013, Philippine economic growth accelerated to 7.2 percent in 2013. Higher growth was underpinned by the robust performance of consumption and services, and supported by the expansion of investments and manufacturing. Like other emerging markets, Philippine financial markets experienced large volatilities as investors responded to the tapering of the United States (U.S.) stimulus program. Monetary and fiscal policy remained supportive of growth. Amid the challenging global environment and the impact of typhoon Yolanda, the Philippines are likely to sustain high growth in the medium-term. Risks to growth include a slower global recovery, financial market volatilities following the tapering of the U.S. stimulus program, potential bubbles in the real estate sector, slower post-typhoon reconstruction, and domestic reform lags. The government responded quickly to the typhoon by rolling out immediate humanitarian aid and preparing the reconstruction assistance on Yolanda (RAY), a strategic plan to guide recovery and reconstruction in the affected areas. The Philippines will also need to prepare more broadly for the increased risk of disasters brought about by climate change. The Philippine economic update provides an update on key economic and social developments, and policies over the past six months. It also presents findings from recent World Bank studies on the Philippines 40 17-11-21 00:18:35.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870412 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20066 Volltext, Open Access

1759725846

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725846 OCoLC 1255599058 WBOKR 19999 EBP 064563898 KEP 064563898 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19999 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Regional Economic Impact Analysis of High Speed Rail in China Step by Step Guide World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCOUNTING s AGGLOMERATION BENEFITS s AIR s AIR TRAVEL s AIR TRAVEL DEMAND ELASTICITIES s AIRPORTS s ANALYTICAL APPROACH s AVERAGE COSTS s BASE YEAR s BENCHMARK s BUS s BUS STATIONS s CAR s CITY SERVICES s CONGESTION s CONSUMERS s COST OF TRAVEL s COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS s COSTS OF TRANSPORT s COSTS OF TRAVEL s CROSSING s DEMAND ELASTICITY s DOOR-TO-DOOR TRAVEL s ECONOMIC MODELS s ECONOMIC PROJECTIONS s ECONOMIC SIZE s ECONOMICS s ELASTICITY s ELASTICITY VALUES s EMISSIONS s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT POLICIES s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s EQUILIBRIUM s EQUILIBRIUM MODELS s EXPENDITURE s EXTERNALITIES s FARE ELASTICITIES s FARES s FEASIBILITY STUDIES s FLOOR SPACE s FREIGHT s FUEL s FUEL COST s GDP s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS s HIGH SPEED RAIL s HIGH SPEED RAILWAYS s HIGH-SPEED RAIL s IMPERFECT COMPETITION s INCOME s INFLATION s INNOVATION s INSPECTION s JOURNEY s JOURNEY TIME s LAND USE s LARGE CITIES s LEGISLATION s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL TRAFFIC s MIGRATION s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MODAL CHOICE s MODAL TRAVEL s MONOPOLY s NET BENEFITS s OPERATING COSTS s PASSENGER TRAVEL s PASSENGERS s POLICY MAKERS s POLLUTION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROVINCE s PROVINCES s PROVINCIAL CAPITAL s PROVINCIAL CITY s PUBLIC SECTOR INVESTMENT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s RAIL PROJECTS s RAIL TRACK s RAILWAY s RAILWAY INVESTMENT s ROAD s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROUTE s ROUTES s SAFETY IMPACTS s SAVINGS s SPEEDS s SUB-NATIONAL s SUBSIDIARY s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOLLS s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOWNS s TRACK ALIGNMENT s TRAFFIC s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT INVESTMENTS s TRANSPORT MODE s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT NETWORK s TRANSPORT OPERATIONS s TRANSPORT PROJECTS s TRANSPORT SAFETY s TRANSPORT SERVICE s TRANSPORT SERVICE IMPROVEMENTS s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRAVEL CHOICES s TRAVEL COSTS s TRAVEL DEMAND s TRAVEL DEMAND ELASTICITIES s TRAVEL MODE s TRAVEL SPEEDS s TRAVEL TIME s TRAVEL TIMES s TRAVELERS s TRIP s TRIPS s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN EMPLOYMENT s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBAN TRAVEL s UTILITY THEORY s WORKING HOURS English en_US This report reflects a two-stage work flow designed to fulfill the research objectives: stage one defined the methodology, and stages two tested this methodology and transferred the know-how to the China Railway Corporation and its consultants through case studies. Chapter two summarizes the theoretical framework within which regional economic impacts are discussed and quantified. Chapter three reviews current regional economic impact analyses in China. Chapter four summarizes the approach to practical regional impact assessment in other countries and reviews the relevance of the main methods in the Chinese context. Chapter five summarizes the work that has been carried out by the World Bank to date in estimating regional impacts in China. Chapter six develops a practical approach to quantifying the regional economic impacts of future HSR in China, including methods for data collection, surveys and interviews. Chapter seven presents the implementation of the methodology in the case studies and the interpretation of quantified model results. Chapter eight summarizes the conclusions and the recommendations for further work. In addition, appendices one to three provide further details about existing assessment studies and methodologies. Appendices four and five show the interview and survey forms. A separate report provides a step-by-step how-to guide for a regional economic impact assessment using a four zone generic example model, which as a simple numerical example complements the presentation of the case study applications on Changchun-Jilin HSR and the northern part of the Beijing-Shanghai HSR 40 17-11-21 00:18:35.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870420 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19999 Volltext, Open Access

1759725854

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725854 OCoLC 1255599259 WBOKR 20088 EBP 06456388X KEP 06456388X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20088 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Timor Leste Health Equity and Financial Protection Project World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Timor-Leste s ABILITY TO PAY s ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION s ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS s AGED s ANEMIA s ANTENATAL CARE s ARI s BASIC HEALTH s BCG s BIRTH ATTENDANT s BIRTHS s CATASTROPHIC HEALTH EXPENDITURE s CATASTROPHIC HEALTH SPENDING s CHILD DELIVERY s CHILD HEALTH s CHILDHOOD s CHILDHOOD DISEASES s CHILDHOOD ILLNESS s CLINICS s COMMUNITY HEALTH s CONTRACEPTION s COST OF CARE s COUGHING s DEATHS s DELIVERY SYSTEM s DEMAND FOR HEALTH s DEMAND FOR HEALTH SERVICES s DIARRHEA s DOCTOR s DOCTORS s DYING s FEVER s FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES s FINANCIAL EQUITY s FINANCIAL IMPACT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PROTECTION s FINANCING OF HEALTH CARE s HEALTH BEHAVIOR s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE DELIVERY s HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURE s HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURES s HEALTH CARE FINANCE s HEALTH CARE FINANCING s HEALTH CARE PROVIDER s HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH CARE SPENDING s HEALTH CARE SYSTEM s HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION s HEALTH CARE WORKERS s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH COVERAGE s HEALTH DATA s HEALTH DELIVERY s HEALTH DELIVERY SYSTEM s HEALTH ECONOMICS s HEALTH EQUITY s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH FINANCE s HEALTH FINANCING s HEALTH FINANCING SYSTEM s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH INSURANCE CONTRIBUTIONS s HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s HEALTH ORGANIZATION s HEALTH OUTCOME INDICATORS s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH POSTS s HEALTH PROFESSIONALS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICE s HEALTH SERVICE UTILIZATION s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SPECIALIST s HEALTH SURVEYS s HEALTH SYSTEM s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HEALTH WORKERS s HOSPITAL CARE s HOSPITAL SERVICES s HOSPITALS s HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN RESOURCES s ILLNESS s ILLNESSES s IMMUNIZATION s INCIDENCE ANALYSIS s INCOME s INCOME COUNTRIES s INCOME GROUPS s INEQUALITIES IN HEALTH CARE s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INFANTS s INFORMAL PAYMENTS s INSURANCE s LIVING STANDARDS s MALARIA s MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH s MATERNAL HEALTH s MEASLES s MEDICAL CARE s MEDICAL SUPPLIES s MEDICAL TREATMENT s MEDICINES s MIDWIFE s MIDWIVES s MOBILE CLINICS s MORTALITY s MORTALITY RATES s MOSQUITO NET s MOSQUITO NETS s MOTHER s MOTHERS s NATIONAL HEALTH s NURSE s NURSES s NUTRITION s OBESITY s ORAL REHYDRATION s ORAL REHYDRATION SALTS s OUTPATIENT SERVICES s PATIENTS s PAYMENTS FOR HEALTH CARE s POCKET PAYMENTS s POLIO s PREGNANT WOMEN s PREVALENCE s PRIMARY CARE s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIVATE PHARMACIES s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROBABILITY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH CARE s PUBLIC HEALTH SPENDING s PUBLIC HOSPITAL s PUBLIC HOSPITALS s PUBLIC PROVIDERS s PUBLIC SPENDING s REHABILITATION s RISK FACTORS s SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES s SHARE OF HEALTH SPENDING s SMOKING s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SPECIALISTS s STDS s SYMPTOMS s TB s TOBACCO PRODUCTS s UNDER-FIVE MORTALITY s UTI s VECTOR CONTROL s WALKING s WORKERS pha English en_US This report analyses equity and financial protection in the health sector of Timor-Leste. In particular, it examines inequalities in health outcomes, health behavior and health care utilization; benefit incidence analysis; financial protection; and the progressivity of health care financing. Data are drawn from the 2009/2010 Demographic and Health Survey, the 2001-2002 and 2007-2008 Living Standards and Measurement Surveys as well as 2011-2012 Household Income Expenditure Survey, and the Ministry of Finance. All analyses are conducted using original data and performed using the health modules of the ADePT software 40 17-11-21 00:18:35.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870439 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20088 Volltext, Open Access

1759725862

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725862 OCoLC 1255599139 WBOKR 20019 EBP 064563871 KEP 064563871 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20019 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO IT Skills Assessment in Armenia World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Armenia Europe and Central Asia s ACADEMIC YEAR s ALGORITHMIC THINKING s APPRENTICESHIP s APTITUDE s ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY s AUTOMATION s AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY s BASIC s BASIC KNOWLEDGE s BASIC SKILLS s BRAIN DRAIN s CAREER s CAREER DEVELOPMENT s CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE s CODING s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s COMPUTING s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT s DEGREE PROGRAMS s DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS s DIPLOMAS s DISCIPLINES s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION QUALITY s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATIONAL CENTERS s EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS s EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS s EDUCATIONAL REFORM s EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS s ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING s EMPLOYMENT s ENGINEERING s ENGINEERING EDUCATION s ENROLLMENT s ENTRANCE EXAM s ENTREPRENEURIAL SPIRIT s EQUIPMENT s EXAMS s FACULTIES s FOREIGN EMPLOYMENT s GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS s GLOBAL EDUCATION s GLOBAL EDUCATION MARKET s GLOBAL MARKET s GLOBAL MARKETS s HARDWARE s HIGH SCHOOL s HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES s HIGH TECHNOLOGY s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM s HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEMS s HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS s HIGHER LEARNING s HOMEWORK s HUMAN RESOURCES s INFORMATICS s INFORMATION SERVICES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTRUCTORS s INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS s INTERNSHIPS s INTERVENTIONS s JOB MARKET s JOB PLACEMENT s JOB TRAINING s KNOW-HOW s KNOWLEDGE LEVEL s KNOWLEDGE SHARING s LABOR FORCE s LECTURERS s LECTURES s LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE s LITERATURE s LOCAL UNIVERSITIES s MATHEMATICS s MEDIA s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s NETWORKING s OUTSOURCING s PHYSICS s PORTALS s PRACTICAL ACTIVITIES s PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE s PRIVATE EDUCATION s PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATE TRAINING s PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES s PROBLEM SOLVING s PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s PROFESSIONAL GROWTH s PROFESSIONAL TRAINING s PROGRAMMERS s PROGRAMMING s PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES s QUALITY OF TEACHING s RECRUITMENT PRACTICES s RESEARCH GRANTS s RETENTION RATES s RETRAINING s SCHOOLS s SCIENCE EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SELF-EDUCATION s SEMESTERS s SKILL LEVELS s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED WORKFORCE s SMALLER NUMBER s SMALLER UNIVERSITIES s SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT s STATE UNIVERSITIES s STUDENT ENROLLMENT s STUDENT-STAFF RATIO s STUDENT-TEACHER RATIOS s STUDY ABROAD s SUBJECTS s SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT s TEACHER s TEACHING s TEACHING EXPERIENCE s TEACHING PROGRAMS s TEACHING QUALITY s TEACHING STAFF s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TECHNICAL SPECIALIZATION s TECHNOLOGY SECTOR s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TRADITIONAL DEGREE s TRAINEES s TRAINING ACTIVITIES s TRAINING CENTER s TRAINING CENTERS s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TUITION s TUITION SUBSIDIES s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY CURRICULUM s UNIVERSITY DEGREE s UNIVERSITY DEGREES s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s UNIVERSITY FUNDING s UNIVERSITY PROGRAMS s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WEBSITES s WORK EXPERIENCE s WORKERS s WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT s WORKING HOURS English en_US The IT and high-technology sector is one of the fastest growing sectors in the Armenian economy. Since 2006, the sector, excluding Internet service providers, has grown with a CAGR of 22% reaching a total output of US$294 million in 2013. The number of companies operating in the sector is 380, the number of employees 8,000. About 13% of the companies operate in the high-technology domain, while the rest are IT companies. One of the driving factors of sector growth was its attractiveness for foreign companies to establish branches in Armenia. The prime competitiveness factor was the availability of relatively cheap and competitive human resources in Armenia. Currently, Armenia seems to be on the verge of losing this competitive advantage. Due to the growing number of IT companies in Armenia, demand for IT specialists will continue to increase. According to conservative estimates, if the market and productivity continue to grow with an average rate of 18% and 1% respectively, the absorption potential of additional IT specialists will grow at a rate of 17% annually and reach 15,000 by 2017. The sector is currently undergoing a major transformation: there is an increasing shift from the outsourcing model to the model of own product development and entrepreneurship in the sector. This model of growth requires a higher level of knowledge, new skills (such as sales and entrepreneurship skills), and entrepreneurial knowledge 40 17-11-21 00:18:35.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870447 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20019 Volltext, Open Access

1759725870

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725870 OCoLC 1255599261 WBOKR 19995 EBP 064563863 KEP 064563863 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19995 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tunisia Urban Development and Local Governance Program Fiduciary Systems Assessment Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Tunisia s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING s ALLOCATION OF CAPITAL s ANTI-CORRUPTION s ANTICORRUPTION s ARREARS s ASSETS s AUDITING s AUDITOR s AUTHORITY s AUTONOMOUS AGENCY s AUTONOMY s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK FINANCING s BID s BIDS s BLACK LISTING s BORROWER s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET FORMULATION s BUDGETARY FRAMEWORK s BUDGETARY RESOURCES s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL GRANT s CAPITAL GRANT ALLOCATION s CAPITAL GRANT ALLOCATIONS s CAPITAL GRANT SYSTEM s CAPITAL GRANTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CASH RESERVES s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CHECKS s CITIZEN PARTICIPATION s CITIZENS s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s CONSTITUTION s CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISION s CORRUPTION s COUNCILS s CREDIT LINE s CRIMINAL s CRIMINAL LAW s CUSTODY s DEBT s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DECENTRALIZATION s DECREE s DECREES s DEMOCRACY s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DISCRETION s DUE DILIGENCE s ELECTED OFFICIALS s ENACTMENT s EQUIPMENT s EXECUTION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL AUDITORS s FIDUCIARY RESPONSIBILITY s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL AUDITS s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENTS s FINANCIAL PLANNING s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL SITUATION s FRAUD s FUNDS FLOW s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS s GOVERNMENT LEVEL s GOVERNMENT LEVELS s GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS s GOVERNMENT SYSTEMS s GRANT ALLOCATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INSTITUTIONAL ARCHITECTURE s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE s INSTRUMENT s INTEGRITY s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTIGATION s INVESTIGATIONS s INVESTMENT GRANTS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s ISSUANCE s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LAWS s LAWYER s LEGAL AGREEMENT s LENDER s LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT s LEVIES s LIABILITY s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOAN APPLICATION s LOAN PROCEEDS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s LOCAL TAX s MEDIA s MINISTER s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONEY LAUNDERING s MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT s MUNICIPAL FINANCE s MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT s MUNICIPAL PROCUREMENT s MUNICIPALITIES s MUNICIPALITY s NATIONAL LEVEL s OPERATING COSTS s OWN SOURCE REVENUE s PRESIDENCY s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENTS s PROSECUTION s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC OPINION s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTABILITY s PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC WORKS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REPRESENTATIVES s RETURN s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s REVOLUTION s RISK OF CORRUPTION s SANCTIONS s SERVICE DELIVERY s STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES s TAX REVENUES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANCHES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN SERVICES English en_US As part of the preparation of the Tunisia Urban and Local Governance Program (ULGP) using the Program for Results (PforR) instrument of the World Bank, the Bank task team carried out a Fiduciary Systems Assessment (FSA) of the Program in accordance with OP/BP 9.0. Based on the findings of the FSA, it is concluded that Program Fiduciary Systems have the capabilities to provide reasonable assurance that the financing proceeds will be used for intended purposes. However considering the existing weaknesses in Program Fiduciary systems, the residual fiduciary risk rating for the Program is rated as Substantial. The Program will finance a portion of the Government of Tunisia s (GoT) existing program for financing municipal service delivery that involves a combination of Capital Grants, and Loans in addition to the Own Source Revenues generated by the municipalities themselves. The PforR Program intends to reform the system of Capital Grants by making it predictable and based on an allocation formula that is principle based and transparent. It has been agreed with client counterparts that GoT will issue a Decree prior to the start of the Program that will spell out the design and operating rules of the reformed capital grant. Indicative allocations for Capital Grants will be included in the Five Year Plans and indicative allocations will be provided by MoEF in advance of the annual plan preparations. The budget allocations for Capital Grants will be transferred from the Treasury Current Account at the Central Bank (BCT) to the Caisse des Prêts et de Soutien des Collectivités Locales (CPSCL) (referred to as the Caisse), who will act as the Program Manager for the ULGP. Caisse will in turn transfer the grant funds to municipalities in accordance with the operating rules for the Unconditional and Conditional Capital Grants. Preliminary assessment of the Program expenditure framework shows that in addition to the changes in the design of the Capital grant through the proposed decree, additional steps such as publishing the indicative allocations of capital grants in advance and reforming the existing system of multiple ex-ante checks and controls into a coordinated system of ex-post controls are necessary for the efficient implementation of the proposed Program 40 17-11-21 00:18:35.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870455 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19995 Volltext, Open Access

1759725889

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725889 OCoLC 1255599190 WBOKR 20000 EBP 064563855 KEP 064563855 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20000 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tunisia Urban Development and Local Governance Program Technical Assessment Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Tunisia s ACCESS TO GRANT s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESS TO TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING PRACTICES s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY s ALLOCATION OF CAPITAL s ARREARS s ASSET INVENTORY s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s ASSETS s AUDITORS s AUDITS s AUTHORITY s AUTONOMY s BANKS s BASIC NEEDS s BENEFICIARY s BID s BLOCK GRANT s BLOCK GRANTS s BORROWING s BORROWINGS s BUDGET FINANCING s BUDGETARY RESOURCES s BUDGETING s CADRES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY ENHANCEMENT s CAPITAL BUDGETS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL GRANT s CAPITAL GRANT ALLOCATION s CAPITAL GRANT ALLOCATIONS s CAPITAL GRANT SYSTEM s CAPITAL GRANTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CENTRAL AGENCIES s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS s CITIZEN PARTICIPATION s CITIZENS s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSENSUS s CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s CONSTITUTION s CORRUPTION s COST ESTIMATES s COST OF LIVING s COUNCILS s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT LINE s CURRENT ACCOUNT s DEBT s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT OBLIGATIONS s DEBT OVERHANG s DEBTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION FRAMEWORK s DECENTRALIZATION OBJECTIVES s DECENTRALIZATION REFORM s DECENTRALIZATION SYSTEM s DECISION-MAKING s DECISION-MAKING POWER s DECREE s DEMOCRACY s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ELECTED OFFICIALS s ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA s EMPLOYMENT s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s EQUALIZATION s EQUIPMENT s EXECUTION s EXPANSIONARY FISCAL s EXPENDITURE s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING s FINANCIAL AUDITS s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL PLANNING s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL STRESS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FISCAL CAPACITY s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL STRESS s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FIXED INVESTMENT s FLOW OF FUNDS s FRAUD s FUNDING SOURCE s GENDER s GENDER EQUALITY s GENERAL ELECTIONS s GOVERNANCE ISSUE s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY s GOVERNMENT CONTROLS s GOVERNMENT LEVEL s GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE s GOVERNMENT PROGRAM s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GRANT ALLOCATION s HOUSEHOLDS s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE DELIVERY s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTALLMENT s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIES s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTEREST RATE s INVENTORY s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT CHOICES s INVESTMENT DECISION s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT GRANTS s INVESTMENT LOANS s INVESTMENT PLAN s INVESTMENT PLANS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT PURPOSES s INVESTMENT RESOURCES s LABOR MARKET s LEGISLATION s LENDING POLICIES s LEVEL OF RISK s LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT s LOAN s LOAN AMOUNTS s LOAN FACILITY s LOAN FUNDS s LOCAL ACCOUNTABILITY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MANDATES s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MONETARY POLICIES s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL DEBT s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT s MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MUNICIPAL INVESTMENT s MUNICIPAL INVESTMENTS s MUNICIPAL REVENUES s MUNICIPALITIES s MUNICIPALITY s NATIONAL POLICY s OPERATING EXPENDITURES s OWN SOURCE REVENUE s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s PRIMARY CAPITAL s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICES s RATE OF RETURN s RATES OF RETURN s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY REGIMES s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s REGULATORY SYSTEMS s REHABILITATION s REPRESENTATIVES s RETURN s RETURNS s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s REVOLUTION s SELF-FINANCING s SOLID WASTE COLLECTION s SOURCES OF FINANCE s SOURCES OF FUNDS s STATE BUDGET s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TRANCHE s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEQUAL ACCESS s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN DRAINAGE s URBAN SERVICES s URBANIZATION s WATER SUPPLY English en_US In this context, the reform of the LG capital grants and municipal investment planning framework forms the main strategic actions undertaken by the government towards the implementation of its decentralization agenda recently anchored in the new Constitution adopted in January 2014. This grant system, which had operated under an ex ante system of controls, is being restructured through the revision of the Decree 97-1135 governing the LG capital grant system. Through the restructuring, the government intends to improve the efficiency of the state financial support to municipal investment, make the allocation of capital grants more transparent and predictable, strengthen the decision-making power of LGs on the use of their investment funding, and progressively introduce a performance based dimension to their capital grant system. Along with revision of the above decree, the government has also issued a Ministerial Decree to introduce participatory municipal investment planning and budgeting systems, hence promoting citizen engagement in identifying investment needs and priorities. Under the same reform, the government will progressively introduce an independent, annual assessment to measure the performance of LGs in line with the above amended decree. The performance assessment system, in addition to serving as a tool for monitoring LG s performance, has proven to be a very effective means of incentivizing LGs to strengthen their institutional performance, where access to grant funds is linked to results. The areas covered under the performance assessment will include governance, sustainability and management. The results of this performance assessment will be used to adjust the capital grant allocation starting the third year of the program 40 17-11-21 00:18:35.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870463 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20000 Volltext, Open Access

1759725897

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725897 OCoLC 1255599304 WBOKR 19991 EBP 064563847 KEP 064563847 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19991 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of South Sudan Analysis of Juba Distribution Network and Capacity Building Needs in the Electricity Sector World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa South Sudan s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCOUNT MANAGEMENT s APPROACH s AVAILABILITY s AVERAGE TARIFF s BALANCE s BALANCE SHEET s BIOGAS s BURNING BIOMASS s BUSINESS MODELS s CABLE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CASH FLOW s CIRCUIT BREAKERS s COMMERCE s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMPUTER HARDWARE s COMPUTERS s CONTRACT MANAGEMENT s CONTROL SYSTEM s CONTROL SYSTEMS s COORDINATION MECHANISMS s COPYRIGHT s CORPORATE CULTURE s COST CONTROL s COST OF ELECTRICITY s COST RECOVERY s CURRENT LAWS s CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR s CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP s CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT s CUSTOMER SERVICE s DECISION MAKING PROCESS s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DIESEL s DISTRIBUTION ENTITY s DISTRIBUTION GRID s DISTRIBUTION LINE s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS s DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICITY s DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATIONS s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s E-GOVERNANCE s E-MAIL s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC EVALUATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECOSYSTEM s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT s EFFICIENT USE s ELECTRIC COMPANY s ELECTRIC DISTRIBUTION s ELECTRIC SECTOR s ELECTRIC SUPPLY s ELECTRIC SUPPLY SYSTEM s ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING s ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS s ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT s ELECTRICAL GENERATORS s ELECTRICAL GRID s ELECTRICAL POWER s ELECTRICAL SAFETY s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY ACCESS s ELECTRICITY ACT s ELECTRICITY BILL s ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS s ELECTRICITY CORPORATION s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION s ELECTRICITY EXPERIENCE s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY MARKET s ELECTRICITY NETWORKS s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SECTORS s ELECTRICITY SERVICE s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY SYSTEM s ELECTRICITY TARIFF s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY MANAGEMENT s ENERGY PROCUREMENT s ENERGY SALES s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s EQUIPMENT s EXPANSION OF TRANSMISSION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FIXED ASSETS s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUELS s FUEL s FUTURE DEMAND s GAS s GAS TURBINES s GENERATION CAPACITY s GEOTHERMAL ENERGY s GRID ELECTRICITY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HARDWARE s HEAVY FUEL OIL s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s HYDRO POWER s HYDROPOWER s HYDROPOWER PLANT s IMPACT ASSESSMENT s INCOME s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSPECTION s INSTALLATION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INVENTORY s INVENTORY CONTROL s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LICENSES s MAINTENANCE CONTRACTS s MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MARKET DEMAND s MATERIAL s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUMBER OF CUSTOMERS s OIL s ONLINE TRAINING s OPERATION OF FACILITIES s PEAK DEMAND s PEAK LOAD s PETROLEUM s POLLUTION s POWER DISTRIBUTION s POWER GENERATION s POWER GRID s POWER LINES s POWER PLANTS s POWER PROCUREMENT s POWER PROJECT s POWER SECTOR s POWER SYSTEM s POWER SYSTEMS s PRIMARY ENERGY s PRIMARY ENERGY SOURCE s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC UTILITIES s QUALITY MANAGEMENT s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUERIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMEDIAL ACTIONS s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY PLANNING s RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEM s RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS s RENEWABLE SOURCES s RESULT s RESULTS s RSS s RURAL ENERGY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SOLAR ENERGY s STORE MANAGEMENT s SUBSTATION MAINTENANCE s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TARGETS s TARIFF RATES s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECT s TECHNICAL EXPERTISE s TECHNICAL MEASURES s TECHNICAL STAFF s TECHNICAL STANDARD s TECHNICAL STANDARDS s TECHNOLOGY TOOLS s TELEPHONE s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING MANUALS s TRANSMISSION s TRANSMISSION FACILITIES s TRANSMISSION LINE s TRANSMISSION SYSTEM s TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS s USERS s UTILITIES s VOLTAGE s WEB s WIND s WIND POWER English en_US This section of the report aims to provide an analysis and propose specific technical plans for investment in the Juba distribution network to carry out emergency upgrades (as a short term measure) and to enable it to absorb possible power that is foreseen to be delivered from possible increase in supply (such as, through the Fula Rapids HPP). The report firstly explains the current Juba grid status, followed by the approach undertaken by the study. Then, it presents the result of gap analysis, concluding with the distribution investment plan and its necessary measures to achieve the target. It is to be noted that in the medium term, a detailed least cost investment plan (LCIP) for the country (planned under ESTAP) will be developed which will provide comprehensive methodology as well as an assessment of appropriate technical standards to be incorporated in development of the South Sudan electrical grid network 40 17-11-21 00:18:36.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870471 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19991 Volltext, Open Access

1759725900

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725900 OCoLC 1255599136 WBOKR 20020 EBP 064563839 KEP 064563839 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20020 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Local Service Delivery in Nepal World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Nepal South Asia s ABSENTEEISM s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY FOR RESULTS s ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITY s ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL BUDGETING s ANNUAL BUDGETING PROCESS s ANNUAL PLANS s ARTICLE s AUDIT FINDINGS s AUDITOR GENERAL s AUDITORS s AUTHORIZATION s BASIC SOCIAL SERVICES s BENEFICIARIES s BLOCK GRANTS s BREAKDOWN OF EXPENDITURES s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET REALLOCATIONS s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CENTRAL AGENCIES s CENTRAL AGENCY s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AGENCY s CENTRAL MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL TREASURY s CITIES s CITIZENS s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTURE s COMMUNITY LEVEL s COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS s COMPTROLLER GENERAL s CONSTITUENCIES s CONSTITUTION s CORRUPTION s COST CENTERS s COUNCIL OF MINISTERS s DATA COLLECTION s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION ACT s DECENTRALIZATION POLICIES s DECENTRALIZATION REFORMS s DECISION-MAKING s DECISION-MAKING PROCESS s DEGREE OF AUTONOMY s DELIVERY OF SERVICES s DEMOCRACY s DEMOCRATIC PROCESS s DISCRETIONARY REVENUES s DISTRICT s DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION s DISTRICT COUNCILS s DISTRICT EDUCATION s DISTRICT GOVERNMENTS s DISTRICT LEVEL s DISTRICT-LEVEL s DISTRICTS s DONOR FUNDING s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE ITEM s EXPENDITURE PATTERNS s EXPENDITURE REPORTING s EXPENDITURE TRACKING s EXTERNAL AUDIT s EXTERNAL AUDITORS s EXTERNAL AUDITS s FEDERAL SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT s FEDERALISM s FIDUCIARY RISK s FINANCE MINISTRY s FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION s FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL CAPACITY s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT GRANTS s GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE s GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL FRAMEWORK s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL TRANSFERS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL SYSTEM s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNAL AUDIT s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT s LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT s LINES OF ACCOUNTABILITY s LOCAL BODIES s LOCAL COUNCILS s LOCAL EXPENDITURES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL REVENUE s MASTER PLAN s MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MISMANAGEMENT s MONITOR PERFORMANCE s MUNICIPAL COUNCILS s MUNICIPAL EXPENDITURE s MUNICIPALITIES s MUNICIPALITY s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL PLANNING s NATIONAL PLANS s NATIONAL SERVICE s NATIONS s OPERATIONAL AUTHORITY s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES s PANCHAYATS s PERSONNEL SYSTEMS s POLITICIANS s PORK-BARREL s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRAMS s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PUBLIC ENTITIES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE TRACKING s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC ROADS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR SPECIALIST s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUALITY CONTROL s QUALITY OF SERVICES s RATIONALIZATION s REFORM EFFORTS s REPRESENTATIVES s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS s RESOURCE MOBILIZATION s REVENUE ASSIGNMENTS s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE SOURCE s REVENUE SOURCES s ROAD s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD USER s ROADS s RURAL TRANSPORT s SANITATION s SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT s SCHOOL MANAGEMENT s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE DELIVERY FUNCTIONS s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SMALL TOWNS s SOCIAL BENEFIT s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL SAFETY s SOCIAL SAFETY NET s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s SUB-NATIONAL s SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s SUB-NATIONAL UNITS s SUBNATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENT s TAX s TAX BASE s TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s TOWN s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s VILLAGE s VILLAGES English en_US The effectiveness of public service delivery depends in large part on the capability, resources and inputs, and the motivation of frontline service providers at the local level. In Nepal a combination of de-concentrated line agencies and local bodies at the district, municipal, and village level provides inputs which are translated into delivery of service outputs and outcomes. Yet the relationships between line agencies and local bodies in service delivery are not well understood. The purpose of this report is to examine in detail the current dynamics of frontline service delivery to identify institutional limitations and present approaches to addressing them. This study seeks to map out the dynamics of service delivery at the local level through analysis of the institutional framework and actual practices in service delivery in 14 jurisdictions in the two districts of Dhankuta and Dhanusa. The study includes a detailed review of the provision of local roads networks and primary and lower secondary education. In this context, the report is divided into four parts: part one gives introduction; part two presents institutional framework for local service delivery; part three focuses on sub-national service delivery: local roads and primary education; and part four presents conclusions and recommendations to improve frontline service delivery 40 17-11-21 00:18:36.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987048X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20020 Volltext, Open Access

1759725919

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725919 OCoLC 1255599213 WBOKR 20021 EBP 064563820 KEP 064563820 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20021 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Heat Tariff Reform and Social Impact Mitigation Recommendations for a Sustainable District Heating Sector in Belarus World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Belarus Europe and Central Asia s ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANCE s ADVERSE IMPACT s ADVERSE IMPACTS s AFFORDABILITY s ALTERNATIVE FUELS s APPROACH s ARREARS s BENCHMARKS s BENEFIT PAYMENTS s BIOMASS s BOILER s BOILERS s BORDER PRICES s BORROWING s CAPACITY BOILERS s CAPACITY FACTORS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CASH TRANSFERS s CC s COAL s COMMERCIAL ELECTRICITY s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER GROUPS s CONSUMPTION LEVELS s COST OF HEAT s COST OF SERVICE s COST RECOVERY s COSTS OF HEAT PRODUCTION s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s CS s CUSTOMER BASE s DEVELOPMENT BANKS s DISTRIBUTION LOSSES s DISTRICT HEATING s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT s EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY SALES s ELECTRICITY SERVICES s ELECTRICITY TARIFF s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENERGY BALANCE s ENERGY BILLS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY MIX s ENERGY RESOURCES s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY USAGE s EXCLUSION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTS s FAMILIES s FINANCIAL BURDEN s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS s FOREIGN TRADE s FUEL s FUEL USE s FUELS s GAS BOILERS s GAS PRICE s GAS PRICES s GDP s GENDER s GENDER DIFFERENCES s HEAT s HEAT ENERGY s HEAT ENERGY CONSUMPTION s HEAT GENERATION s HEAT METERING s HEAT PRODUCTION s HEAT SALES s HEAT SUPPLY s HEAT TARIFF s HEAT TARIFFS s HEATING SYSTEMS s HOT WATER s HOT WATER BOILERS s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLDS s IMPLICIT TAX s IMPROVEMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY s INCENTIVES FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY s INCOME GROUP s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME LEVELS s INCOMES s INDIVIDUAL ENTREPRENEURS s INEFFICIENCY s INVESTMENT IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY s INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY s LACK OF INFORMATION s LACK OF KNOWLEDGE English en_US The Government of the Republic of Belarus (GoB) plans to increase district heating (DH) tariffs to cost-recovery levels and gradually phase out subsidies, replacing them with social assistance programs. Residential DH tariffs in Belarus are currently at roughly 10-21 percent of cost-recovery levels. DH subsidies are highly regressive, add costs to business, and create significant fiscal risks and macroeconomic vulnerabilities. The purpose of this report is to analyze the social, sectoral, and fiscal impacts of the proposed tariff reform, and to identify and recommend measures to mitigate adverse impacts of DH tariff increases on the households. The analysis shows that: 1) the burden of higher DH tariffs will fall most heavily on low-income groups; 2) the current system of subsidies is unfair, benefitting wealthy customers more than the poor; 3) cross-subsidies undermine the competitiveness of industries in Belarus; and underpriced residential heat places an increasing fiscal burden on the GoB and risks macroeconomic instability. The analysis shows that a negative social impact is manageable if a tariff increase is accompanied by countervailing measures to compensate for the loss of purchasing power, in particular of the poor, through targeted social assistance and energy efficiency programs. The rest of the report is organized as follows: Section 1 describes the GoB's plans for the sector. Section 2 analyzes the principal challenges in the sector that necessitate tariff reform. Section 3 discusses tariff reform options and the likely impact of pursuing each of these options. Section 4 concludes by recommending a reform action package that includes customer communication and engagement, social protection measures and investments in energy efficiency. The appendices contain material supporting the analysis in each section 40 17-11-21 00:18:36.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870498 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20021 Volltext, Open Access

1759725927

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725927 OCoLC 1255599192 WBOKR 19980 EBP 064563812 KEP 064563812 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19980 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Nigeria Economic Report, No. 2, July 2014 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Nigeria s ACCOUNTANT s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURE s ANNUAL GROWTH s AUCTIONS s AVERAGE LEVEL s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANKING CRISIS s BANKING SECTOR s BASE YEAR s BASIC EDUCATION s BENCHMARK s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL ALLOCATIONS s CAPITAL FLOWS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL REGION s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL CREDIT s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION DATA s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA s CREDIT EXPANSION s CURRENCY s DEBT SERVICE s DEFLATORS s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC MARKET s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMICS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL DEBT s FEDERAL BUDGET s FEDERAL BUDGET DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FOOD INDUSTRY s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GINI INDEX s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT BUDGET DEFICITS s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HIGH POVERTY s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSING s IMMUNIZATION s IMPACT ON POVERTY s IMPACT ON POVERTY REDUCTION s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCREASING INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY MEASURES s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INSURANCE s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE POLICY s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT FLOWS s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LIVING STANDARDS s MACRO-REGION s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC RISK s MACROECONOMIC RISKS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY s MARKET PRICE s MEDIUM TERM s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NATIONAL INCOME s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NATIONAL POVERTY RATE s NEGATIVE SHOCK s OIL PRICES s OUTPUT GROWTH s PENSION s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s POLICY STANCE s POOR s POOR PEOPLE s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO CAPITAL s PORTFOLIO INFLOWS s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY SEVERITY s POVERTY UPDATE s PUBLIC SECTOR s PURCHASING POWER s RAPID GROWTH s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REGIONAL LEVEL s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETURN s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL POPULATIONS s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION s SHORT-TERM CAPITAL s SOVEREIGN DEBT s STANDARD DEVIATION s SWAP s TAX s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s URBAN AREAS s URBAN GROWTH s VALUE ADDED s WARRANTS s WEALTH s WELFARE IMPROVEMENTS English en_US The Nigerian Economic Report (NER) is a regular publication of the World Bank. Each edition of the NER includes a macroeconomic overview and gives special attention to an additional topic of high policy relevance. In addition to macroeconomic performance, this edition of the NER focuses on recent releases of new statistical information. First, newly re-based Gross Domestic Product figures indicate a larger, more diversified, and complex economy in Nigeria than was hitherto reported, with significant contributions to growth coming from manufacturing and some services not captured in previous data. Second, Chapter 2 provides an analysis of recent NBS GHS household survey data, which supports the hypothesis that the larger NBS HNLSS survey of 2009/2010 may have underestimated consumption 40 17-11-21 00:18:36.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870501 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19980 Volltext, Open Access

1759725935

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725935 OCoLC 1255599219 WBOKR 19997 EBP 064563804 KEP 064563804 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19997 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Open Data for Economic Growth World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ADVERTISING s ANNUAL REPORT s ARCHETYPES s AVAILABILITY OF DATA s BUSINESS ADOPTION s BUSINESS INNOVATION s BUSINESS MODEL s BUSINESS MODELS s BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS s BUSINESSES s BUYERS s CAPABILITY s CATALOGUE s CHANGE MANAGEMENT s CITIES s COMMERCE s COMMUNITIES s CONTENTS s COPYRIGHT s DATA ACCESS s DATA POLICIES s DATA SERVICES s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING s DELIVERY SERVICES s DISPLAY SCREENS s DOMAINS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ELECTRICITY s END USERS s END-USER s END-USERS s ENGINEERS s GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM s GPS s HARDWARE s ICT s IDEA s IDEAS s INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE s INFORMATION POLICIES s INFORMATION PROVISION s INFORMATION USE s INNOVATIONS s INNOVATIVE IDEA s INSIGHTS s INSTITUTION s LEADING s LICENSE s MARKET OPPORTUNITY s MARKETING s METADATA s NAVIGATION s NEW IDEAS s NEW PRODUCTS s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s ONE-STOP SHOP s OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE s PDF s PORTALS s PRIVACY s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPRIETARY KNOWLEDGE s PROTOTYPE s PUBLIC INSTITUTION s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC SECTOR INFORMATION s REGISTRY s RESEARCHERS s RESULT s RESULTS s SEARCH s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS s SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT s STRUCTURES s SYSTEMS INTEGRATION s THIRD-PARTY PROVIDERS s USER s USERS s USES s VALUE CHAIN s WEB s WEBSITE English en_US Many governments are pursuing open data policies. One of the key policy drivers has been to use open data to drive economic growth and business innovation. This paper examines the evidence for the economic potential of open data and concludes that, despite a variation in published estimates and some methodological difficulties, the potential is very large indeed. It reviews the latest data about companies using open data, and highlights four companies which did not exist ten years ago, which are driven by open data, and which are each now valued at around $1 billion or more. It discusses the five archetypical types of businesses using open data, and cites concrete examples of each, and discusses the types of data which are proving most likely to lead to widespread business adoption and innovation. It suggests that governments should see themselves not only as a Supplier of open data but also as a leader, catalyst and user of it. Finally, it makes some recommendations for policies and actions which governments could take to maximize the economic growth possible from their data 40 17-11-21 00:18:36.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987051X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19997 Volltext, Open Access

1759725943

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:00.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725943 OCoLC 1255599325 WBOKR 20009 EBP 064563790 KEP 064563790 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20009 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Serbia Municipal Public Finance Review Options for Efficiency Gains World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Serbia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCUMULATION OF ARREARS s ASSETS s AUTONOMY s BALANCE SHEETS s BALANCED BUDGETS s BENEFICIARIES s BIDS s BORROWING s BUDGET ACCOUNTING s BUDGET CONSTRAINT s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGETING s BUSINESS PLAN s BUSINESS PLANS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CENTRAL REGISTRY s CITIES s COLLECT PAYMENTS s COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS s CONCESSIONS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDITS s CURRENCY s DEBT PROBLEM s DEBT RATIO s DEBT-EQUITY s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICITS s DEPRECIATION s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS s ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES s EQUITY INVESTMENTS s ESTATE s EXPENDITURE s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FINANCIAL INDICATORS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SPECIALIST s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL RISK s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISCAL BURDEN s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED ASSETS s GOVERNMENT DEFICIT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s HARD BUDGET s IMMOVABLE ASSETS s INCOME s INCOME STATEMENT s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSOLVENCY s INSOLVENCY PROCEEDINGS s INSOLVENT s INSUFFICIENT FUNDS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s INVESTING s ISSUANCE s JUDICIARY s JURISDICTION s JURISDICTIONS s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR LAW s LARGE CITIES s LATE PAYMENTS s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL IMPEDIMENTS s LEGAL REQUIREMENTS s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY PROBLEMS s LIQUIDITY RATIOS s LIQUIDITY SUPPORT s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL BUDGETS s LOCAL ENTERPRISES s LOCAL FEES s LOCAL FINANCES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT SPENDING s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s LOCAL LEVEL s LOCAL OFFICIALS s LOCAL PUBLIC SECTOR s LOCAL SPENDING s LOCAL TAXES s LOSS-MAKING s MANDATE s MARKET SHARE s MONETARY FUND s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL BONDS s MUNICIPAL FINANCE s MUNICIPALITIES s MUNICIPALITY s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATURAL MONOPOLIES s NET PROFIT s OPEN MARKETS s OWNERSHIP RIGHTS s PENALTIES s PENALTY s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME TAX s POOR FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PRIVATE ENFORCEMENT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC COMPANIES s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISE s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT LAW s PUBLIC PROPERTY s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR WAGE s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORKS s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s PUBLIC UTILITIES s REAL PROPERTY s RECEIVABLES s RECORD KEEPING s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REVENUE MANAGEMENT s ROADS s SALARIES s SALARY s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SETTLEMENT s SEWAGE s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s STREETS s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSFER OF OWNERSHIP s TRANSFER OF PROPERTY s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TRANSPARENCY s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN PLANNING s USER CHARGES s UTILITIES s VALUATION s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY s WRITTEN CONTRACTS English en_US Since the global financial crisis, Serbia's public debt has more than doubled. Local Governments (LGs) need to find ways to perform more efficiently, not only to contribute to national fiscal consolidation efforts, but also because they may have fewer resources available in the future. This report represents a continuation of the World Bank effort to explore LGs finances. The first phase of this report focused on options for increases in local revenues; impact of further decentralization; options for reduction of subsidies in selected sectors; and how to control the public debt. The report is organized as follows. Chapter 2 examines LG hiring and pay policies. In addition to offering recommendations on how to achieve efficiency and savings, it sheds light on employment wage policies within LG enterprises. Chapter 3 deepens the analysis of local public utility companies (PUCs), which not only have significant responsibilities for delivering local services, but also often pose a significant pressure on LG budgets. On average, financial support to PUCs accounts for a quarter of local budgets. This chapter looks at the main issues and makes recommendations for efficiency gains. Chapter 4 discusses the most important public financial management issues for LGs, asking where better management and accountability could increase value-for-money and help extract additional benefits from current and capital expenditures. It examines budget preparation, execution, and reporting issues as a basis for recommending policies to increase transparency and accountability as well as more efficient use of resources. Chapter 5 summarizes the main conclusions and policy recommendations of the report 40 17-11-21 00:18:36.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870528 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20009 Volltext, Open Access

1759725951

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:01.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725951 OCoLC 1255599072 WBOKR 20025 EBP 064563782 KEP 064563782 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20025 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Reducing Old Age and Economic Vulnerabilities Why Uganda Should Improve its Pension System World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Uganda economic update no. 4 Africa Uganda s ACCOUNTING s ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK RATE s BORROWER s BORROWING REQUIREMENTS s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK CREDIT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL BORROWING s COMMERCIAL LENDING s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICES s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER s CORPORATE TAXES s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT RATINGS s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEBT FLOWS s DEBT LEVEL s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT RELIEF s DEBT STOCK s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE s DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT RATES s DEPOSITS s DERIVATIVES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISBURSEMENTS s DIVIDEND s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKET s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC ECONOMY s DOMESTIC INTEREST RATES s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC SECURITY s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC REFORMS s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FINANCE CORPORATION s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SAVINGS s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FISCAL BURDEN s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL POLICY s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS s FOREIGN INTEREST s FOREIGN MARKETS s FRAUD s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOVERNANCE INDEX s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT SAVINGS s GOVERNMENT SECURITY s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s INCOME s INCOMES s INFLATION s INFLATION INDEX s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION RATES s INFLATION TARGETING s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ALLOCATIONS s INVESTMENT CAPABILITIES s INVESTMENT GUIDELINES s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT SPENDING s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCE OF GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s LEVEL OF COMMITMENT s LIBERALIZATION s LIQUIDITY s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL ECONOMY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LONG-TERM FINANCE s MACRO-STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC LEVELS s MARKET INTEREST s MARKET INTEREST RATES s MARKET PRICES s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s MORTGAGE s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATURAL DISASTERS s OIL RESERVES s OIL RESOURCES s OPEN MARKET s OUTPUT s OUTSTANDING CREDIT s PENSION s PENSION ASSETS s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION LIABILITIES s PENSION REFORM s PENSION REFORMS s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONS s PERSONAL LOANS s POLICY RESPONSE s POLITICAL ECONOMY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO FLOWS s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE PENSIONS s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRODUCTIVE INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT STOCK s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC PENSIONS s PUBLIC POLICIES s PUBLIC SECTOR BORROWING s PUBLIC SPENDING s RAPID GROWTH s RATE OF GROWTH s REAL ESTATE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REGULATOR s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCES s REPLACEMENT RATE s RETURN s SAFETY NET s SCANDAL s SCANDALS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NET s SOVEREIGN DEBT s STABLE LOCAL CURRENCY s SUPPLY SHOCKS s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s TAX s TAX CODES s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s WITHDRAWAL s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s WORLD ECONOMIES English en_US This is the fourth edition of the Uganda Economic Update series. As with previous editions, this update first provides information related to the current state of the economy before focusing on a particular subject of importance. The special focus of this issue concerns how pensions can reduce vulnerabilities at both individual and macroeconomic levels. The Ugandan economy has continued the process of recovery, growing by 5.9 percent during the first half of FY2013 and FY2014 amidst droughts, disruptions related to civil unrest in South Sudan, and aid cuts. Eight consecutive quarters of positive growth since the slump in FY2011 and FY2012 confirm that the economy has returned on the strong growth path and may reach a rate of growth of 6.0 percent per annum in FY2013 and FY2014. The positive outlook is subject to risks, key among which will be those emanating from its fiscal management regime due to continuous low revenue collection and reduction of aid to Uganda; increased spending pressures in the advent of the 2016 elections, and accelerating public investments amidst gaps in public investment efficiency. In addition, given its recently increased dependency on the South Sudan market for its exports, the protracted crisis in South Sudan could have severe consequences to the Ugandan economy. In that context, a coherent policy of social protection, including for the elderly, can promote social transformation and accelerate economic development. An effective social protection system is needed to protect vulnerable groups from negative shocks such as loss of employment, death of bread winner, or bad weather. Achieving the vision of a transformed Uganda means addressing vulnerabilities at both individual and at country levels. Uganda is already taking steps to start building an effective pension system, but challenges remain in ensuring transparent and proper governance of the pension funds; achieving efficiency objectives, building up the institutional capacity, and managing the fiscal pressures due to expenses to existing pensions and the new public pension scheme at the same time. Well designed and managed pension systems can contribute significantly to the country's ongoing transformation 40 17-11-21 00:18:36.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870536 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20025 Volltext, Open Access

175972596X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:01.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972596X OCoLC 1255599220 WBOKR 20026 EBP 064563774 KEP 064563774 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20026 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Third Ethiopia Economic Update Strengthening Export Performance through Improved Competitiveness World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURE s ANNUAL GROWTH s BALANCE OF PAYMENT s BANK DEPOSITS s BASKET OF GOODS s BINDING CONSTRAINTS s BROAD MONEY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS PERFORMANCE s CAPITAL GOODS s CAPITAL GOODS IMPORTS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CENTRAL BANK s CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSITS s CLOSED ECONOMY s COMMODITY s COMMODITY EXPORTS s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITION POLICY s COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE RATE s COMPETITIVE REAL EXCHANGE RATE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER GOODS s CORE INFLATION s CREDIT GROWTH s CROP VALUE s CURRENCY s CURRENCY DEPRECIATION s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DECLINE IN INFLATION s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT RATE s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC CREDIT GROWTH s DOMESTIC ECONOMIES s DOMESTIC ECONOMY s DOMESTIC INVESTORS s DUTCH AUCTIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMIC TAKEOFF s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE POLICY s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPANSION OF EXPORTS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT COMMODITIES s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXPORT GOODS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT GROWTH RATES s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORT RATIO s EXPORT SECTOR s EXPORT VOLUME s EXPORTER s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL COMPETITIVENESS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTERNAL TRADE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN RESERVE s GDP s GDP DEFLATOR s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL TRADE s GOLD s GOVERNANCE INDICATORS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS VALUE s GROWTH PERFORMANCE s GROWTH RATE s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPORT s IMPORT GROWTH s IMPORTS s INCOME s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INSURANCE s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICE s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL PRICE s INTERNATIONAL PRICES s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKETS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIVING STANDARDS s LONG TERM DEBT s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s M2 s MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY s MARKET PENETRATION s MONETARY AGGREGATE s MONETARY AUTHORITIES s MONETARY DISCIPLINE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY GROWTH s NATIONAL BANK s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET EXPORTS s NOMINAL ANCHOR s OUTPUT s OUTPUT PER CAPITA s OUTSTANDING CREDIT s OUTTURN s PER CAPITA INCOME s PORTFOLIO s PRICE ELASTICITY s PRICE ELASTICITY OF DEMAND s PRICE FLUCTUATIONS s PRICE INDICES s PRICE INFLATION s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s QUOTAS s RAPID ECONOMIC GROWTH s RAPID GROWTH s REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL EXPORT s REAL GDP s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s REAL INTEREST RATES s RELATIVE WEIGHT s REMITTANCES s RESERVE MONEY s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s SALES GROWTH s SAVINGS s SAVINGS RATE s SLOWDOWN s START-UP CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s STRUCTURAL CHANGE s SUPPLY SIDE s SURPLUS s SURPLUS LABOR s TAX s TAX REVENUES s TOTAL EXPORTS s TOTAL EXTERNAL DEBT s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADABLE GOODS s TRADE COMPETITIVENESS s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE EXPANSION s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE OPENNESS s TRADE POLICY s TRADE REGIME s TRADE RESTRICTIONS s TRADE RESTRICTIVENESS s TRADE SURPLUS s TRADING s TRANSACTIONS COSTS s UNDERVALUATION s VALUE ADDED s VALUE INDICES s WAGES s WORLD DEMAND s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s WORLD ECONOMY s WORLD MARKETS s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US Rising exports contributed to Ethiopia’s remarkable growth performance over the past decade. Buoyed by favorable external conditions, exports also helped create jobs and earn much-needed foreign exchange. The way Ethiopia created and nurtured a high-value horticulture industry and expanded its air services exports was an encouraging example of “self-discovery.” 40 17-11-21 00:18:36.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870544 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20026 Volltext, Open Access

1759725978

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:01.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725978 OCoLC 1255599239 WBOKR 20053 EBP 064563766 KEP 064563766 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20053 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Integrated Fiduciary Systems Assessment Ethiopia ULGDP II Program for Results World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTABILITIES s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING POLICIES s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACTION PLAN s ACTION PLANS s ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES s ADMINISTRATION PROCESS s ANTI-CORRUPTION s ARREARS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSETS s AUDITING s AUDITOR s AUDITORS s AUDITS s AUTONOMY s BANK FINANCING s BANK POLICY s BASIC SERVICES s BENEFICIARIES s BID s BIDDING s BIDS s BLOCK GRANTS s BOOKMARK s BORROWER s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY ENHANCEMENT s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL GRANTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITALS s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOW STATEMENTS s CASH FLOWS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CHECKS s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMODITY s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVE BIDS s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s CONSOLIDATION s CONTACT POINTS s CONTRACTUAL CLAUSES s CONTRACTUAL PROVISION s CORRECTIVE ACTIONS s CORRUPTION s CORRUPTION OFFENCES s COST CONTROLS s CREDIBILITY s CRIME s CRIMINAL s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICITS s DEPENDENT s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISM s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EQUIPMENT s ETHICS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE STATEMENTS s EXPORT SECTORS s FEDERAL BUDGET s FEDERAL GOVERNMENT s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL REFORM s FINANCIAL REPORT s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL CAPACITY s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL EFFORT s FISCAL REPORTING s FLOW CHART s FLOW CHARTS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FRAUD s GOODS CONTRACT s GOODS CONTRACTS s GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE s GOVERNMENT CAPACITY s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GRAND CORRUPTION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOUSING s IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s IMPLEMENTING AGENCY s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INITIATIVE s INSPECTION s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTEGRITY s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNAL SYSTEM s INTERNATIONAL AUDITING STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTIGATION s INVESTIGATIONS s INVESTMENT FUNDS s JURISDICTION s JURISDICTIONS s JUSTICE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROCEDURES s LEGAL PROVISION s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGAL REQUIREMENTS s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORKS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES s MANDATE s MANDATES s MODEL CONTRACTS s MONETARY POLICY s MONOPOLIES s MUNICIPAL REVENUE s MUNICIPAL REVENUES s NEGOTIATIONS s OUTSTANDING ADVANCES s OWN SOURCE REVENUE s PARLIAMENTARY OVERSIGHT s PENSION s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCE MEASURES s PERFORMANCES s PETTY CORRUPTION s POLICE s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s PREFERENTIAL s PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT LAW s PROCUREMENT LAWS s PROCUREMENT PLAN s PROCUREMENT PLANS s PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROSECUTION s PROSECUTOR s PROTOCOL s PROTOCOLS s PROTOTYPE s PUBLIC AUDIT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SERVICES s RECURRENT COSTS s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s RESULT s RESULTS s RULING PARTY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SERVICES s STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS s TARGETS s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS s TECHNICAL STAFF s TRAINING MANUAL s TRANCHES s TRANSMISSION s TRANSMISSION OF INFORMATION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY OPERATIONS s TURNOVER s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN ECONOMY s URBAN SERVICES s URBANIZATION s VERIFICATION s WATER SUPPLY s WEAK ASSET English en_US Ethiopia is a country of many nations, nationalities, and peoples, with a total population of 91.7 million. Ethiopia has experienced strong economic growth over the past decade. Urbanization offers new opportunities in Ethiopia to improve education, health, and other public services, as more concentrated populations are easier to reach. In this context, the Government of Ethiopia (GoE) acknowledges the important role of the urban sector in overall economic growth and to invest in it. In this context, the government introduced the urban local government development program (ULGDP) in 2008 as a performance grant to ULGs. This second ULGDP is a follow-up to the successful first phase. The current ULGDP is jointly funded by the government and the World Bank. The program, which will scale up the support to cover 44 cities, will provide the highly needed investment funds to promote the cities as growth engines in the GoE's urban development strategy, support the institutional capacity of all tiers of governance (federal, regional and local) in urban development, and enhance the incentives of everyone involved 40 17-11-21 00:18:36.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870552 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20053 Volltext, Open Access

1759725986

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:01.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725986 OCoLC 1255599240 WBOKR 20127 EBP 064563758 KEP 064563758 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20127 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tanzania Skills for Competitiveness in the Small and Medium Enterprise Sector Shwetlena Sabarwal VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Tanzania s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO PRIMARY EDUCATION s ADULTS s APTITUDES s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC EDUCATION STATISTICS s BASIC SKILLS s BULLETIN s CALL s CLASSROOM s COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COLLEGE DEGREE s COUNSELING s CREATIVE THINKING s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISTANCE LEARNING s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT s EARLY CHILDHOOD INTERVENTIONS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION s EDUCATED WORKERS s EDUCATION ATTAINMENT s EDUCATION ECONOMICS s EDUCATION EXPANSION s EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION POLICIES s EDUCATION PROVIDERS s EDUCATION QUALITY s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS s EDUCATIONAL INVESTMENTS s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING s ETHICS s EXAM s EXAMS s FAMILY MEMBERS s FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS s FORMAL EDUCATION s FORMAL TRAINING s GENERAL EDUCATION s GER s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATES s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO s HIGH RATES OF TEACHER ABSENTEEISM s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPACT OF EDUCATION s INFORMED CHOICES s INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION s INTERNATIONAL TRENDS s INTERNSHIPS s INTERPERSONAL SKILLS s INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JOB TRAINING s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR SUPPLY s LABOUR MARKET s LACK OF INFORMATION s LEARNING s LEARNING MATERIALS s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFE SKILLS s LITERACY s LITERACY SKILLS s LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s MATHEMATICS s MINORITY s MOBILITY s MOTHER s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s NUMERACY s NUTRITION s OCCUPATIONS s ONLINE COURSES s PAPERS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERSONALITY s POLICY MAKERS s POOR NUTRITION s POST-PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY DATA s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY GROSS ENROLLMENT s PRIMARY GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE s PRIMARY LEVEL s PRIMARY LEVELS s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL LEAVERS s PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PROBLEM SOLVING s PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS s PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC SCHOOL s PUPILS s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY PRIMARY EDUCATION s QUESTIONING s READING s RESPECT s RETURNS TO EDUCATION s SAFETY NET s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOL DAY s SCHOOL LEVEL s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SELF-ESTEEM s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SKILL ACQUISITION s SKILL LEVEL s SKILL-DEVELOPMENT s SKILLED STAFF s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLED WORKFORCE s SKILLS ACQUISITION s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SKILLS TRAINING s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SOCIAL SKILLS s SPONSORS s STUDENT ASSESSMENTS s STUDENT ENROLLMENT s TEACHER s TEACHER ABSENTEEISM s TEACHER MOTIVATION s TEACHER PAY s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING MATERIALS s TECHNICAL COLLEGES s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TEST SCORES s TEXTBOOKS s TRAINEES s TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING SERVICES s TRANSPORTATION s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s UNMET DEMANDS s URBAN AREAS s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL SCHOOL s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WORKING POPULATION s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUTH English en_US We examine the question of workforce skills for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Tanzania and find a mixed picture full of potential. On the one hand, education access has expanded at all levels and a more educated cohort is now entering the labor market - signaling the availability of a more skilled workforce for SMEs. On the other hand, acute shortages of secondary and postsecondary graduates persist. Disturbingly, the quality and relevance of primary education has come into question. It is unclear whether increased access to primary education is actually translating into acquisition of crucial basic skills in the country. In light of this, it is unsurprising that education attainment no longer appears to be a reliable proxy for relevant skills, as perceived by employers. Further, SMEs seem to have very little meaningful connection with education institutions for recruitment of workers. A related but equally concerning problem relates to the culture of recruitment among SMEs in Tanzania. It is one of passive hiring, wherein firms rely on networks and referrals to identify employees instead of actively seeking them through open advertising and links with education providers. In this backdrop there is room for cautious optimism. SMEs seem increasingly to realize and emphasize the importance of workforce skills, even though, in relative terms, they are likely to be significantly more pre-occupied with infrastructure constraints. Interestingly, a large share of firms that have recently failed consider inadequate workforce skills to be a contributing factor of above average importance to firm failure 40 17-11-21 00:18:36.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870560 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20127 Volltext, Open Access

1759725994

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:01.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759725994 OCoLC 1255599176 WBOKR 20121 EBP 06456374X KEP 06456374X 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20121 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Guinea Basic Agricultural Public Expenditure Diagnostic Review (2003-2012), Main Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Guinea s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL CREDIT s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES s AGRICULTURAL LOAN s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL TRADE s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s ALLOCATION s ALLOCATION OF EXPENDITURE s ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY s ANIMAL PRODUCTION s ANNUAL BUDGET s AQUACULTURE s ARREARS s BANK GUARANTEE s BANK OFFICE s BASIC SERVICES s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET EXPENDITURE s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET RESOURCES s BUDGETARY PROCESS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENSES s CENTRAL BANK s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CLASSIFICATION OF EXPENDITURE s COMMERCIAL FARMING s COST ACCOUNTING s COST RECOVERY s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s CROPS s DATA COLLECTION s DEBT s DECENTRALIZATION s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DISBURSEMENTS s DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENDITURE s DIVERSIFICATION s DRINKING WATER s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMISTS s EFFICIENCY OF EXPENDITURE s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE COMMITMENTS s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXTENSION s EXTENSION SERVICES s EXTERNAL AID s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL FUNDING s EXTERNAL FUNDS s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILY FARMS s FARM MACHINERY s FARMERS s FARMS s FERTILIZERS s FINANCES s FINANCIAL AFFAIRS s FISHERIES s FISHERS s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD POLICY RESEARCH s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN DONORS s FORESTRY s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS s GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s HOUSING s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOMES s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INVESTMENT EXPENDITURE s INVESTMENT PLAN s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s JOB CREATION s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s MACROECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MAINTENANCE OF ROADS s MANAGING PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MASTER PLAN s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORKS s MEDIUM-TERM PLANNING s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MINISTRIES OF AGRICULTURE s MINISTRY OF DEFENSE s MINISTRY OF ECONOMY s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY FUND s MULTILATERAL DONORS s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NATIONAL AGENCY s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL BUDGETS s NATIONAL ECONOMY s NATIONAL POLICY s NATURAL RESOURCES s NGOS s OPEC s OPERATING COSTS s ORGANIC BUDGET LAW s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s POPULATION GROWTH s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PRODUCERS s PROGRAM BUDGETS s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE DIAGNOSTIC s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY OF SERVICES s R&D s REFORM PROGRAM s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RETURN s ROAD MAINTENANCE s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL MARKETS s SECTOR BUDGET s SECTOR BUDGETS s SECTOR EXPENDITURE s SECTOR MANAGERS s SECTOR MINISTRIES s SECTORAL OBJECTIVES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVISION s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SOIL FERTILITY s STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE USE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TIMBER s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TRANSPARENCY s TRUST FUND s UNION s VILLAGE s VOUCHERS s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WAGE EXPENDITURE s WAGES English en_US The Guinean government assigns a crucial role to agriculture in accelerating growth, reducing poverty, and creating jobs. This role is inscribed in Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) 3, which was approved by the government in May 2013, following PRSP 2 (2007-2010) and PRSP 1 (2002-2006). As part of the revival of its agricultural development strategy, the government through the Ministry of Agriculture expressed its desire for an agricultural public expenditure review to be carried out in order to learn from past experience and to improve performance in the medium term. This request was accepted by the NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency. The cost of this review was met by the strengthening national comprehensive agricultural public expenditure in Sub-Saharan Africa program and co-funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the CAADP Multi-Donor Trust Fund. The goals of the 2003-2012 agricultural public expenditure review in Guinea are as follows: gain a better understanding of the country's performance in the context of the 2003 Maputo declaration; seek and recommend corrective actions for existing programs and suggest appropriate actions for future programs with a view to improving their impact and making them more efficient and equitable; and increase the visibility of the government and the DPs over the sector's absorptive capacity so that the decision may be made to allocate more resources to agricultural development 40 17-11-21 00:18:37.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870579 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20121 Volltext, Open Access

1759726001

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:01.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726001 OCoLC 1255599308 WBOKR 20141 EBP 064563731 KEP 064563731 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20141 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Senegal Basic Agricultural Public Expenditure Diagnostic Review World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Senegal s AGRICULTURE s EXPENDITURE EFFECTIVENESS s EXPENDITURE EFFICIENCY s FISHERY s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC RESOURCE TRANSFERS s RURAL WATERWORKS English This basic Agricultural Public Expenditure Diagnostic Review (AgPER) analyzes the effectiveness and efficiency of public expenditure in agriculture, livestock production, fishery, rural waterworks, and natural-resource management in Senegal. Agriculture has benefited from major transfers of public resources in the second half of this decade. Presidential initiatives demonstrate the priority it enjoys on the political agenda in Senegal. This review is a complement to the efforts of the Senegalese government to offer the sector inclusive, strong, and sustainable guidelines, strategies, and policies. It covers the work done by the ministries and other public institutions and by the private sector, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and associated agencies 40 17-11-21 00:18:37.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870587 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20141 Volltext, Open Access

175972601X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:01.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972601X OCoLC 1255599357 WBOKR 20122 EBP 064563723 KEP 064563723 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20122 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Basic Agricultural Public Expenditure Diagnostic Review (2000-2013) Malawi World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Malawi s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s COMMERCIALIZATION s DIVERSIFICATION s FOOD SECURITY s LOW PRODUCTIVITY s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s SUBSISTENCE FARMING s SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH s VULNERABILITY English en_US Agriculture is the backbone of Malawi's economy, contributing about 30 percent to total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and accounting for about 85 percent of employment and 80 percent of foreign exchange earnings (60 percent of which come from tobacco alone), but it largely remains subsistence farming plagued by low productivity and high vulnerability. Agriculture development and food security are amongst the key priorities of the Government of Malawi (GoM) to achieve sustainable economic growth and poverty alleviation. Increased agricultural productivity, diversification and commercialization constitute a key focus area of the overarching national development framework, the Malawi Growth and Development Strategy (MGDS) 2006-2011, followed by MGDS II 2011-2016. In 2010, this priority was translated into an Agricultural Sector Wide Approach (ASWAp), aligned with the CAADP pillars and the MGDS. This Agricultural Public Expenditure Review (AgPER), carried out at the request of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security (MoAFS), intends to enhance the efficiency, effectiveness and equity of future public spending in the sector, and thus contribute to ASWAp successful implementation. It was financed by the program 'strengthening national comprehensive agricultural public expenditure in Sub-Saharan Africa', funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the CAADP Multi-Donor Trust Fund and implemented by the World Bank 40 17-11-21 00:18:37.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870595 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20122 Volltext, Open Access

1759726028

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:01.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726028 OCoLC 1255599245 WBOKR 20072 EBP 064563715 KEP 064563715 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20072 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Strengthening Recovery in Central and Eastern Europe EU11 Regular Economic Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource EU11 regular economic report Eastern Europe Europe Europe and Central Asia European Union s AGRICULTURE s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET QUALITY s ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES s BALANCE SHEET s BANK BALANCE SHEETS s BANK FINANCING s BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS s BANK LENDING s BANK LINKAGES s BANK RECAPITALIZATION s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTORS s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BASIS POINTS s BOND s BOND SWAP s BOOK-ENTRY s CAPITAL FLIGHT s CAPITAL FLOW s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL STOCK s CDS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER LOANS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION TAXES s CORPORATE BONDS s CREDIT DEFAULT s CREDIT DEFAULT SWAP s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATINGS s CREDIT RISKS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUSES s DEBT s DEBT BURDENS s DEBT CRISES s DEBT CRISIS s DEBT LEVELS s DEFLATION s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPING COUNTRY EQUITY s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DURABLE s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC EXPANSION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC POLICIES s EIB s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUITY CAPITAL s EQUITY INVESTMENT s EQUITY MARKETS s EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL FUNDING s FEDERAL RESERVE s FEDERAL RESERVE BANK s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR INDICATORS s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL POLICY s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATES s FORECASTS s FOREIGN BANK s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FULL EMPLOYMENT s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL FINANCIAL STABILITY s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH s GROWTH RATE s HOST COUNTRY s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD SAVING s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITIES s INCOME TAX s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION RATES s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANKING s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTICS s INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS s INVENTORIES s INVESTMENT ACTIVITY s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT RATES s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LABOR COSTS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOCAL MARKETS s LONG-TERM INTEREST s LONG-TERM INTEREST RATES s MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET REFORM s MARKET REFORMS s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL BANK s NET EXPORTS s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s PENSION s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s PER CAPITA INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS s PORTFOLIOS s PRICE DECLINES s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR BORROWING s PURCHASING POWER s RATES OF INFLATION s REAL ESTATE LOANS s REAL GDP s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATES s RECAPITALIZATION s RECESSION s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s RETURN s RISK AVERSION s RISK FACTOR s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKETS s SOLVENCY s SOVEREIGN BONDS s SOVEREIGN DEBT s SOVEREIGN RATING s SOVEREIGN RATINGS s STOCKS s SUBSIDIARIES s SUBSIDIARY s SUPPLY OF CREDIT s TAX RATE s TAXATION s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE BALANCES s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURIES s TURNOVER s UNDERLYING ASSETS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VALUE ADDED s WAGES s WEALTH s WITHDRAWAL English en_US Economic growth is expected to almost double in EU11 (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, the Slovak Republic, Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania and Slovenia) in 2014, and continue to strengthen in 2015. The northern countries of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania will continue to be amongst the fastest growing countries in the EU, despite the negative impact of falling external demand as growth slows in their main trading partners. Croatia is the only country expected to remain in recession, for a sixth consecutive year, in 2014, as declining domestic demand continues to outweigh export growth. Recovery is expected to be gradual, with growth not reaching pre-crisis rates for some time. Inflation rates are expected to remain below targets during 2014, with some countries already experiencing deflation, but as global commodity prices stabilize, activity increases and output gaps diminish, inflation is expected to gradually rise. Fiscal consolidation will continue in 2014 and 2015, but at a more gradual pace than in the previous years. Economic growth forecasts in the EU11 are subject to multiple risks, mainly on the downside, as the global financial situation remains fragile. Rising global interest rates coupled with volatile capital markets, or an extended period of regional geopolitical tensions could slow the European recovery and constrain exports, credit and investment in EU11. While labor market conditions have started to improve, the pace of job creation and reduction in unemployment rates are likely to be gradual. Many of the economies in the EU11 face the twin challenge of high youth unemployment and rapidly aging populations. EU11 countries also struggle with equipping the next generation with the skills necessary to achieve their full potential e.g. in literacy, math and science. The persistence of large numbers of inactive and unemployed youth therefore poses unique risks of creating a "lost generation" of workers. Understanding the cyclical and structural nature of youth unemployment is therefore important to mitigate the potentially damaging cycle between youth unemployment and broader economic growth and productivity 40 17-11-21 00:18:37.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870609 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20072 Volltext, Open Access

1759726036

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726036 OCoLC 1255599362 WBOKR 19979 EBP 064563707 KEP 064563707 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19979 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Fostering a Digitally Inclusive Aging Society in China The Potential of Public Libraries World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCESS POINT s ACCESS POINTS s ACCESS TO COMPUTERS s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO THE INTERNET s ACTION PLAN s ADMINISTRATIONS s ADVERTISING s AFFORDABLE ACCESS s AGED s AGING s AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY s ARRANGEMENTS s BANDWIDTH s BENCHMARK s BRANCH LIBRARY s BROADBAND s BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY s BROADCASTING s BROWSING s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s COMMUNICATION NETWORK s COMMUNITY ACCESS s COMPUTER CRIMES s COMPUTER OPERATION s COMPUTER TERMINALS s COMPUTER TRAINING s COMPUTERS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONTENTS s CULTURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s CUSTOMER BASE s DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DEPENDENCY RATIOS s DEPRESSION s DEVELOPMENT PLANS s DIGITAL CONTENT s DIGITAL DIVIDE s DIGITAL ECONOMY s DIGITAL INFORMATION s DIGITAL LIBRARIES s DIGITAL LIBRARY s DIGITAL OPPORTUNITY s DISEASES s DIVORCE s DOMAINS s E-BOOKS s E-COMMERCE s E-COMMERCE SITES s E-MAIL s E-MAILS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ELDERLY s ELDERLY PEOPLE s ELDERLY POPULATION s ELDERLY WOMEN s ELECTRONIC MEDIA s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s END USER s EQUIPMENT s EXTENSION OF E-GOVERNMENT s FAMILIES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FAMILY RESOURCES s FAMILY SIZE s FAMILY STRUCTURE s FAMILY SUPPORT s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATE s FINANCIAL INVESTMENT s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FUNCTIONALITY s FUTURE GENERATIONS s GOVERNMENT OFFICE s GOVERNMENT OFFICES s GOVERNMENT SERVICES s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE SYSTEM s HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTHY LIFE s HOLISTIC APPROACH s HOME CARE s HUMAN RESOURCES s HYPERTENSION s ICT s IMPACT OF POPULATION s IMPLEMENTATIONS s INFORMATION ACQUISITION s INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s INFORMATION CENTER s INFORMATION NEEDS s INFORMATION NETWORK s INFORMATION SERVICE s INFORMATION SOCIETY s INNOVATION s INSTANT MESSAGING s INSTITUTION s INTERFACES s INTERMEDIARIES s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICE s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERVENTION s LAWS s LEISURE TIME s LIBRARY DISTRICTS s LIBRARY MATERIALS s LIBRARY SERVICES s LIBRARY USER s LIBRARY USERS s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIFELONG LEARNING s LITERACY s LOCAL AREA NETWORK s LONG-TERM CARE s MEDICAL SERVICES s MEDICAL TREATMENT s MENTAL s MENTAL HEALTH s MIGRANT s MIGRANT WORKERS s MIGRATION s MOBILE DEVICE s MOBILE DEVICES s MOBILE LIBRARIES s MOBILE LIBRARY s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE PHONES s MODERNIZATION s MULTIMEDIA s NATIONAL COMMITTEE s NAVIGATION s NETWORK ACCESS s NETWORK SECURITY s NETWORKS s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s NUMBER OF PERSONS s NUMBER OF USERS s NURSING s NURSING HOMES s NUTRITION s OLD AGE s OLD-AGE s OLDER PEOPLE s OLDER WOMEN s ONLINE PAYMENT s PARTICIPATION IN SOCIETY s PENETRATION RATE s PENSIONS s PERSONAL INFORMATION s PHYSICAL BUILDINGS s PHYSICAL DISTANCE s PHYSICAL HEALTH s PILOT PROJECTS s POLICY DEVELOPMENTS s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POOR HEALTH s POPULATION AGE STRUCTURE s POPULATION DATA s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PRIVATE SECTORS s PUBLIC ACCESS POINT s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC LIBRARIES s PUBLIC LIBRARY s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUALITY OF LIFE s QUALITY OF SERVICE s RADIO s READING s REMITTANCE s RESEARCHERS s RESEARCHES s RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS s RESPECT s RESULT s RESULTS s RISK OF ILLNESS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SAFETY NETS s SATELLITE s SEARCH s SEARCHING s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SECURITY POLICIES s SENIOR CITIZEN s SENIOR CITIZENS s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SITE s SITES s SOCIAL EXCLUSION s SOCIAL ISOLATION s SOCIAL PARTICIPATION s SPOUSE s SPOUSES s SUPERMARKET s TARGETS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELEPHONE s TELEPHONE NETWORK s TELEPHONY s TRAINING COURSE s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES s TRANSMISSION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN COMMUNITIES s URBANIZATION s USER s USERS s USES s VIDEO s VIDEOS s VIRUSES s WALKING s WASTE s WEB s WEB PAGES s WEB PORTALS s WEB SITE s WEB SITE DESIGN s WEB SITES s WEBSITES s WHITE PAPER s WORKERS s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION s WORLD WIDE WEB s WORLD WIDE WEB CONSORTIUM s YOUNG ADULTS pha English en_US The World Bank has been supporting this policythrough theprogram China Rural Information and Communications: Technical Assistance on Design and Impact Evaluation, which aims to support the government make decisions about potential scaling up of innovative ICT pilot projects and to generate and disseminate knowledge about the impacts of ICT in rural China. Three activities were undertakenwith a focus on a trio of provinces (Guizhou, Jilin, and Shandong): (a) a demand survey to assess rural ICT access and attitudes; (b) a library study including scoping the status of ICT use in rural libraries; and (c) a limited impact evaluation to examine how ICT interventions have affected rural users 40 17-11-21 00:18:37.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870617 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19979 Volltext, Open Access

1759726044

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:01.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726044 OCoLC 1255599364 WBOKR 20073 EBP 064563693 KEP 064563693 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20073 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Mozambique PFM for Results Program Technical Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Mozambique s ABSENTEEISM s ACCESS TO RESOURCES s ACCESS TO TRAINING s ACCOUNTABILITY FOR PERFORMANCE s ACCOUNTABILITY FOR RESOURCES s ACCOUNTABILITY RELATIONSHIPS s ACCOUNTING s ACTION PLANS s AGGREGATE PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s ALLOCATION s AVAILABILITY OF SCHOOLS s BUDGET CLASSIFICATION s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET PREPARATION s BURNS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL AUTHORITIES s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CLASSROOM s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s CONTROL SYSTEM s COST EFFECTIVENESS s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS CLEARANCE s DATA COLLECTION s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING s DELIVERY SYSTEM s DELIVERY SYSTEMS s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DONOR ASSISTANCE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION EXPENDITURES s EDUCATION SERVICES s EDUCATION STRATEGY s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES s EDUCATIONAL QUALITY s EFFICIENCY OF EXPENDITURE s EFFICIENCY OF GOVERNMENT SPENDING s EFFICIENT ALLOCATION s ENROLMENT RATES s ENROLMENT RATES FOR GIRLS s EXPENDITURE AREAS s EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE s EXTERNAL CONSULTANTS s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FAMILY PLANNING s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL FLOW s FINANCIAL RESOURCE s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s GENDER PARITY s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GOVERNMENT SUPPLY s GROWTH POTENTIAL s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH FINANCING s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH PROGRAMS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HEALTH UNITS s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s INFORMATION FLOW s INFORMATION FLOWS s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INNOVATION s INTERFACE s INTERMEDIARIES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERVENTION s INVENTORY s INVENTORY MANAGEMENT s KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT s KNOWLEDGE SHARING s LABOR FORCE s LEARNING s LEARNING MATERIALS s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LESSON LEARNING s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MEDICINES s MINISTERIAL COORDINATION s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUMBER OF SCHOOLS s ORGANIZATIONAL INCENTIVES s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE s PATIENT s PERFORMANCE CULTURE s PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT s PERFORMANCE MONITORING s PERFORMANCE TARGETS s PERSONAL COMMUNICATION s POLICY FRAMEWORKS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY EDUCATION EXPENDITURES s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL COMPLETION s PRIMARY SCHOOL COMPLETION RATES s PRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLMENT s PRIMARY SCHOOL SECTOR s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROBLEM SOLVING s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PROCUREMENT SYSTEMS s PROGRAM CLASSIFICATION s PROGRAM DESIGN s PROGRAM EVALUATION s PROGRAM EXPENDITURE s PROGRAM FINANCING s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRAM OPERATIONS s PROGRAMS s PROTOCOL s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PROVINCIAL LEVELS s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGERS s PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC WORKS s PUPIL NUMBERS s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY EDUCATION s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REFORM PROCESSES s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS s RESOURCE FLOWS s RESULT s RESULTS s RETENTION s SCHOOL BUDGETS s SCHOOL COUNCIL s SCHOOL COUNCILS s SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT s SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT PLAN s SCHOOL DIRECTORS s SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT s SCHOOL MANAGEMENT s SCHOOL PERFORMANCE s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECTOR MINISTRIES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SITES s STATE BUDGET s STORAGE FACILITIES s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s SUPERVISION s SUPPLIER MANAGEMENT s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAIN INTEGRATION s SUPPLY CHAIN STRUCTURE s TAX POLICY s TEACHER s TEACHER ABSENTEEISM s TEACHER SALARIES s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING RESOURCES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TEXT BOOKS s TRANSLATION s TRANSPARENCY s VERIFICATION s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WASTE s WORKING CONDITIONS English en_US The discovery of large natural resource reserves in Mozambique has raised expectations of increased economic growth, improved public services and poverty reduction. However, the majority of the population has benefited little from growth in recent years, and may be skeptical that the potential for increased government revenues will translate into improved services. The development potential of future natural resource revenues will partially depend on stronger PFM systems, as well as political commitment to broad based social and economic development. A gap between political rhetoric and improvements in the everyday lives of the population may fuel potential for social unrest. Similarly, changing development partner circumstances (both funding constraints and changing modalities) and perceptions of Mozambique s development trajectory may lead to a drop in the levels of assistance, in advance of actual increases in revenue (it is still some years before natural resources will reach market). The Government needs to respond to both popular expectations and a changing partner environment. This creates a window of opportunity to increase government focus on the effective management of public resources and improved service delivery 40 17-11-21 00:18:37.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870625 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20073 Volltext, Open Access

1759726052

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726052 OCoLC 1255599199 WBOKR 20069 EBP 064563685 KEP 064563685 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20069 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Mozambique PFM for Results Program Annex 5. Integrated Fiduciary Systems Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Mozambique s ABUSE s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS s ACTION PLAN s ACTION PLANS s ANTI-CORRUPTION s AUDITOR s AUDITORS s AUDITS s BANKS s BEST PRACTICES s BIDDING s BRIBES s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CERTIFICATION s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CIVIL SERVANTS s COLLUSION s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVE PRICES s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s CONFIDENTIALITY s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CORRUPT s CORRUPTION s CORRUPTION INVESTIGATIONS s CORRUPTION LAW s CORRUPTION LAWS s CORRUPTION OFFENCES s CRIMES s CRIMINAL s DATA INTEGRITY s DECENTRALIZATION s DOMAIN s EMBEZZLEMENT s EQUIPMENT s EXTERNAL AUDITS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FLOW OF INFORMATION s FRAUD s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT REQUIREMENTS s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s INFORMATION ACCURACY s INFORMATION FLOW s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INSPECTIONS s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTEGRITY s INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVENTORY s INVENTORY MANAGEMENT s INVESTIGATION s INVESTIGATIONS s JUSTICE s KICKBACKS s LABORATORIES s LEADERSHIP s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MATERIAL s MEDIA s MEDICAL SUPPLIES s MEDICINE s MEDICINES s MINISTERS s MISAPPROPRIATION s PERFORMANCE INDICATOR s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PHARMACEUTICAL s PHARMACEUTICAL PROCUREMENT s PHARMACEUTICAL SUPPLY s PHARMACEUTICALS s PHARMACY s POLICE s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PRIORITIES s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCESS OF INVESTIGATION s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT LAWS s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PROCUREMENTS s PROSECUTION s PROSECUTIONS s PROTOCOL s PROTOCOLS s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC OFFICIALS s PURCHASING s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY CONTROL s RADIO s REMEDIES s RESULT s RESULTS s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SITES s SUPERVISION s SUPERVISIONS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT s SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TELEPHONE s TELEPHONE LINES s THEFT s TRAINING WORKSHOPS s TRANSPARENCY s USERS s USES s VACCINES s VERIFICATION s WHISTLE-BLOWER s WHISTLEBLOWING pha English en_US In preparation for the Public Financial Management (PFM) for Results Program, a Fiduciary Systems Assessment (FSA) covering financial management (FM), procurement, and fraud and corruption was conducted. The principles governing fiduciary management for Program-for-Results are set out in OP 9.00. In line with the PforR Guidance Note, the FSA reviews the adequacy of the applicable rules, procedures, and oversight mechanisms for the Program and the effectiveness of their implementation by the concerned agencies (including both the capacity and the performance). The conclusion of the assessment is that the Program fiduciary systems meet OP 9.00 requirements, and provide a reasonable basis for this PforR operation. However, the current risk-rating is substantial, which requires specific mitigation measures 40 17-11-21 00:18:37.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870633 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20069 Volltext, Open Access

1759726060

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:01.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726060 OCoLC 1255599383 WBOKR 20008 EBP 064563677 KEP 064563677 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20008 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Promoting Agricultural Growth in Rwanda Recent Performance, Challenges and Opportunities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Rwanda s AGRICULTURE CHALLENGES s AGRICULTURE GROWTH SUSTAINABILITY s GROWTH PERFORMANCE s LINKS TO DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s NON-FARM EMPLOYMENT s NUTRITION SECURITY s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTORS s RURAL INCOMES English en_US Rwanda is experiencing its best growth performance since independence. With average annual GDP growth rate of 8 percent and 5.2 percent for agricultural GDP from 1999-2012, Rwanda s recent growth is a historical record. The poverty headcount fell from 59 percent in 2001 to 45 percent in 2011, and agriculture continues to be one of the main drivers of growth and poverty reduction in Rwanda, significantly lifting rural households out of poverty. Yet, challenges in the agriculture sector remain. Specifically, to: (i) sustain the productivity gains in the short and medium-term, which have contributed to strong agriculture growth and raised rural incomes; ii) increase and improve nutrition security for the rural population; iii) strengthen and deepen value chain development including increasing agro-processing to create non-farm employment; iv) secure and strengthen linkages to domestic and international markets for agriculture production; and v) enhance the enabling environment to attract the private sector to invest in the sector and add value to the productivity increases 40 17-11-21 00:18:37.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870641 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20008 Volltext, Open Access

1759726079

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:01.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726079 OCoLC 1255599183 WBOKR 20123 EBP 064563669 KEP 064563669 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20123 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Punjab Public Management Reform Program Program for Results Operation, Detailed Technical Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ACCESS TO GOVERNMENT SERVICES s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO SERVICE s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACTION PLAN s ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEMS s ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS s ANTICORRUPTION s ANTICORRUPTION STRATEGY s AUTHENTICATION s AUTOMATION s AUTOMATIONS s AVERAGE CITIZEN s BANKS s BEST PRACTICE s BRIBES s BROADBAND s BUSINESS MODELS s BUSINESS PROCESS s BUSINESS PROCESSES s BUSINESSES s CALL CENTERS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CERTIFICATE s CERTIFICATES s CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT s CITIZEN SERVICE s CITIZEN SERVICES s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COLLABORATION s COLLUSION s COMMUNICATION STRATEGY s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s COMPUTERS s CONNECTIVITY s COPYRIGHT s COPYRIGHT ISSUES s CORRUPTION s CYBERCRIME s DATA COLLECTION s DATA ENTRY s DATA NETWORKS s DATA SHARING s DECISION MAKERS s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING s DEDICATED DATA s DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION s DEMOCRATIC PROCESS s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DIGITIZATION s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DISCRETION s DISCUSSION BOARDS s DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION s DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DOMAIN s DOMAINS s E-GOVERNANCE s E-GOVERNMENT s E-GOVERNMENT IMPLEMENTATION s E-GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES s E-SERVICE s E-SERVICES s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT s ELECTION s ELECTION COMMISSION s ELECTIONS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRONIC MEDIA s ELECTRONIC PAYMENTS s ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES s ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS s ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENCRYPTION s ENGAGING CITIZENS s EPROCUREMENT s EQUIPMENT s ESERVICES s FACILITATING PAYMENTS s FEDERAL GOVERNMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FREEDOM OF INFORMATION s FRONT-END s FUNCTIONALITY s GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE REFORM s GOVERNANCE REFORMS s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s GOVERNMENT CAPACITY s GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS s GOVERNMENT ENTITIES s GOVERNMENT OFFICES s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT SERVICES s GPS s HEALTH SERVICES s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE CAPACITY s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMAN RIGHT s ICT s IDENTITY MANAGEMENT s IMAGES s INFORMATION DEPARTMENT s INFORMATION FLOWS s INFORMATION SECURITY s INFORMATION SERVICES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INNOVATION s INNOVATIONS s INSPECTION s INSPECTIONS s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS s INTERFACE s INTERFACES s INTERNAL DATA s JUSTICE s LAWS s LEADERSHIP s LEARNING s LICENSES s LITERACY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MATERIAL s MEDICINE s MIDDLE MEN s MINISTER s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE PHONES s MOBILE TELEPHONE s MOBILE TELEPHONES s MONITORING MECHANISMS s MULTIPLE ACCESS s MULTIPLE CHANNELS s NETWORKS s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s ONLINE DATABASE s OPEN GOVERNMENT s PATRONAGE s PDF s PENALTIES s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PETTY CORRUPTION s PHONE NUMBERS s PILOT PROJECT s POLICE s POLICY DEVELOPMENT s POLITICAL PARTIES s POLITICIANS s PPPS s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRAMS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROTOCOLS s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC OFFICIALS s PUBLIC OUTREACH s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC­PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s QUALITY OF SERVICES s QUERIES s RECORDS MANAGEMENT s RESOURCE MOBILIZATION s RESULT s RESULTS s REVENUE COLLECTION s SECURITY MEASURES s SELF-SERVICE s SERVER s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SITES s SOCIAL SERVICE s SUPERVISION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNOLOGICAL SUPPORT s TECHNOLOGY PLATFORMS s TELECOM s TELECOM SERVICES s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELEDENSITY s TRACKING SYSTEM s TRADITIONAL BUSINESS s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPARENT GOVERNMENT s TRIAL s TURNAROUND TIMES s USER s USERS s USES s VALUE CHAIN s VIDEO s VIDEOS s WEB s WEB PORTAL s WEB PORTALS s WEB PRESENCE s WIRELESS INTERNET s WORKING HOURS English en_US This document includes the full Technical Assessment of the Punjab Public Management Reform Program. The Assessment is based on the technical analysis of the Program. It covers: the strategic relevance and technical soundness of the proposed Program; the Program's results framework and monitoring and evaluation; the Program s governance structure and institutional arrangements; and the economic justification of the Program. It also presents an evaluation of the technical risks, and defines the improvements proposed as part of the Program Action Plan 40 17-11-21 00:18:37.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987065X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20123 Volltext, Open Access

1759726087

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:02.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726087 OCoLC 1255599283 WBOKR 20075 EBP 064563650 KEP 064563650 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20075 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bangladesh - Revenue Mobilization Program for Results: VAT Improvement Program Technical Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Bangladesh South Asia s ACCOUNT MANAGEMENT s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACTION PLAN s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESSES s ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM s ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEMS s ADVERTISEMENTS s APPLICATION SOFTWARE s ARREARS s AUTHENTICATION s AUTOMATION s BID s BROWSER s BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS s BUSINESS INDICATORS s BUSINESS PROCESS s BUSINESS PROCESSES s BUSINESS REQUIREMENTS s BUSINESS TRANSFORMATION s BUSINESSES s CADRE SYSTEM s CAPABILITIES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CHECKS s CLIENT BASE s COMMUNICATION STRATEGY s COMPLIANCE COST s COMPLIANCE COSTS s COMPUTER SYSTEM s COMPUTER TERMINAL s CONNECTIVITY s CORE BUSINESS s CREDIT FACILITY s CURRENT LAW s CUSTOMS s DATA CENTER s DATA CENTERS s DATA NETWORK s DATA WAREHOUSE s DEBT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEPOSIT s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME s E-GOVERNANCE s E-MAIL s E-PAYMENT s E-PAYMENT GATEWAY s E-SERVICE s E-SERVICES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s ELECTRONIC REGISTRATION s ELECTRONIC SERVICES s ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES s ENFORCEMENT PROCESS s EQUIPMENT s ESTIMATED TAX s ETHICAL BEHAVIORS s EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION s EXCISE TAX s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL POLICY s FRAUD s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s HARDWARE s HARMONIZATION s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s ICT s ID s IDENTIFICATION NUMBER s IMPLEMENTATION PLAN s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s IMPLEMENTING AGENCY s INCOME s INCOME TAX s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INPUT TAX s INTERFACE s INTERFACES s INTERNATIONAL CONSULTANTS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s IT INFRASTRUCTURE s JOINT STOCK COMPANIES s JURISDICTIONS s LEGAL BASIS s LEGAL DRAFTING s LICENSE s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MANUFACTURING s MONETARY FUND s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NEW TECHNOLOGY s OPERATIONAL FUNCTIONS s OUTPUTS s OUTSOURCING s PAYMENT OF TAX s PAYMENT OF TAXES s PAYMENT PROCESSING s PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PROCUREMENTS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROTOCOLS s QUERIES s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REFORM PROGRAM s REGISTRATION APPLICATION s REGISTRATION APPLICATIONS s REGISTRATION OF BUSINESSES s REGISTRATION PROCESS s REGISTRATION SYSTEM s REGISTRY s RELIABILITY s RESULT s RESULTS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK PROFILES s ROUTERS s RULE OF LAW s SERVERS s SILOS s SINGLE TAXES s SITES s SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS s SOFTWARE SOLUTION s SOFTWARE SYSTEMS s SUPERVISION s TARGETS s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX AUDIT s TAX AUDITS s TAX AVOIDANCE s TAX BASE s TAX BASES s TAX CODE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX CREDITS s TAX DEDUCTIONS s TAX EVASION s TAX EXPENDITURE s TAX FORMS s TAX LAW s TAX LIABILITIES s TAX LIABILITY s TAX OFFICES s TAX PAYER s TAX PAYERS s TAX POLICY s TAX RECEIPTS s TAX REFORM s TAX REFUNDS s TAX RETURN s TAX RETURNS s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX STRUCTURE s TAX SYSTEM s TAX SYSTEMS s TAX TREATMENT s TAX-PAYERS s TAXATION s TAXPAYER s TAXPAYER COMPLIANCE s TAXPAYER SERVICE s TAXPAYER SERVICES s TAXPAYERS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TELEPHONE s TIME FRAME s TIMELY PAYMENT s TRADING s TRAINING MANUAL s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TURNOVER s TURNOVER TAX s USER s USER INTERFACE s USERS s USES s VALUE ADDED TAX s VERIFICATION s WEB s WITHHOLDING TAX s WORKSTATIONS s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS English en_US This operation will support the VAT Improvement Program to assist the National Board of Revenue (NBR) in streamlining and modernizing Value Added Tax (VAT) operations and establishing an integrated VAT Management System for the purposes of implementing the new regime. The primary focus of the program is to prepare the administration to be able to administer the new VAT, which is to be introduced in July 2015. The new VAT Act, 2012 provides for a modern VAT scheme based on few exemptions and self-assessment. The Act provides the legal basis for the new VAT administration, and the impetus for a shift from manual to automated and modernized core tax business processing. The program is part of the government s broader tax reform agenda as articulated in the Tax Modernization Plan 2011-16 (endorsed by Parliament in June 2011), which envisages policy and institutional reform alongside a program for automating NBR operations to improve services to taxpayers, reduce administrative costs for taxpayers, and improve compliance. The VAT improvement program aims to widen the tax base by enhancing voluntary compliance, and reducing non-compliance. The ultimate goals are to increase VAT revenues and enhance the transparency of the VAT administration in Bangladesh in order to achieve its medium-term revenue target of a tax-to GDP-ratio of 12.2 percent by FY 2016; and to enhance the VAT compliance. Towards this objective, the program will also address those structural weaknesses embedded in the tax system that result in skewed tax bases and provide wide opportunities for evasion and corruption. Importantly, the VAT improvement program will support the strategic reform agenda, also supported by the IMF s Extended Credit Facility to enable NBR to fully implement the new VAT law 40 17-11-21 00:18:37.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870668 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20075 Volltext, Open Access

1759726095

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:02.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726095 OCoLC 1255599392 WBOKR 20076 EBP 064563642 KEP 064563642 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20076 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO ICT as an Enabler of Transformation in Ethiopia Mariana Dahan VerfasserIn aut Marc Lixi VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia s ACCESS TARIFF s ACCESS TO CAPITAL s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACTION PLAN s ADSL s AFFORDABLE ACCESS s AGENTS s ANIMATION s APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT s BACK-OFFICE s BACKBONE s BACKBONE NETWORKS s BANDWIDTH s BASIC s BROADBAND s BROADCASTING s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS s BUSINESS MODEL s BUSINESS MODELS s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES s BUSINESS PROCESS s BUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCING s BUSINESS SYSTEMS s BUSINESSES s CALL CENTERS s CAPABILITIES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CATALYTIC ROLE s CELLPHONE s CITIES s COLLABORATION s COMMERCE s COMMODITY s COMMUNICATION SKILLS s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY ACCESS s COMPETITION LAW s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPONENTS s COMPUTERS s COMPUTING s CONNECTIVITY s CONTENT DEVELOPMENT s CONTENT PRODUCTION s COST CONTROL s CUSTOM s CUSTOMER SEGMENTS s DATA ENTRY s DATABASE CREATION s DIGITAL s DIGITAL DIVIDE s DIGITAL MEDIUM s DIGITAL SIGNATURE s DISTANCE EDUCATION s DVD s E-COMMERCE s E-COMMERCE DEVELOPMENT s E-GOVERNMENT s E-SERVICES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELECTRICITY s EMBEDDED SYSTEMS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENGINEERING s ENGINEERS s ENTERTAINMENT s ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS s EQUIPMENT s FIBER OPTICS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS s GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL MARKET s GOVERNMENT ENTITIES s GOVERNMENT OFFICE s GOVERNMENT SERVICES s GROWTH CYCLE s GROWTH PATH s HACKING s HIGH-SPEED s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s ICT s IMAGE s IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY s INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION s INFORMATION SERVICES s INFORMATION SOCIETY s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES s INFRASTRUCTURE ACCESS s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT s INNOVATION s INNOVATIONS s INSTALLATION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS s INSTRUCTION s INSURANCE SYSTEM s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS s INTERFACE s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES s INTERNET ACCESS s INTEROPERABILITY s INVENTORY s IP s IT SERVICES s IT SPENDING s KNOWLEDGE BASE s KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER s LEARNING s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LITERACY s LITERACY RATE s MANUFACTURING s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKETPLACES s MEDIA s MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s MOBILE APPLICATION s MOBILE APPLICATIONS s MOBILE DEVICES s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE PHONES s MOBILE SERVICES s NETWORK ANALYSIS s NETWORK TRAFFIC s NETWORKING s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s OFFICE OPERATIONS s ONE-STOP SHOP s OPEN GOVERNMENT s OPEN MARKET s OUTSOURCING s PC s PCS s PDF s PENETRATION RATES s PHYSICAL GOODS s PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s POLICY FORMULATION s PORTALS s POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES s PPPS s PRIVACY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s QUALITY OF SERVICE s R&D s RADIO s RADIO FREQUENCY s RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s RELIABILITY s RELIABLE TECHNOLOGIES s RESULT s RESULTS s RFID s RURAL DIGITAL DIVIDE s SATELLITE s SEARCH s SENSORS s SERVER s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICES TO CITIZENS s SERVICES TO USERS s SILOS s SITES s SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SYSTEMS INTEGRATION s TAGGING s TAX INCENTIVES s TELECENTERS s TELECOM s TELECOM INFRASTRUCTURE s TELECOM SECTOR s TELECOM SERVICES s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELECOMS s TELEMEDICINE s TELEVISION s TIME PERIOD s UNIQUE IDENTIFIERS s USER s USER EXPERIENCE s USES s VIDEO s WEB s WEBSITE s WIRELESS s WWW English en_US Over the last two decades, Ethiopia has achieved remarkable progress toward social and economic indicators. Analytical evidence shows that development projects with a significant information and communication technology (ICT) component have a higher potential to achieve greater outcomes on the ground than the ones not supported by ICT. This is why the Government of Ethiopia sees ICT within the broader context of its socioeconomic development objectives and believes that it should take advantage of today's most innovative and reliable technologies to accelerate the rate of economic growth and alleviate poverty in the country. The Government of Ethiopia has requested the ICT sector unit of the World Bank to prepare a comprehensive report on how ICT can be used to achieve a true transformation of the Ethiopian economy and society. Therefore, this report explores how ICT can be leveraged to foster the development of an ICT-enabled industry and the private sector in general, to enhance public sector performance, to develop the agriculture and health sectors, and finally how all these efforts can lead to the emergence of an open innovation ecosystem. This report takes stock of current and recently-launched ICT initiatives in Ethiopia and develops sector-specific recommendations based on international best practices that help leverage the transformative power of ICT to improve the social and economic well-being of citizens and achieve rapid and sustainable socioeconomic development. The report explores following topics: background in chapter one, presents fostering the development of ICT-enabled industry and the private sector in chapter two. Chapter three deals with enhancing the performance of the public sector. Chapter four is developing the health sector. Chapter five deals with agricultural and rural development. Chapter six helps in creating an open innovation ecosystem; and chapter seven presents recommendations for ICT-enabled transformation in Ethiopia 40 17-11-21 00:18:37.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870676 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20076 Volltext, Open Access

1759726109

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:02.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726109 OCoLC 1255599326 WBOKR 19996 EBP 064563634 KEP 064563634 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19996 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Regional Economic Impact Analysis of High Speed Rail in China Main Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCOUNTING s AGGLOMERATION BENEFITS s AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES s AGGREGATES s AIR s AIR SERVICES s AIRPORTS s ALTERNATIVE MODES s ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORT s ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORT MODES s ANALYTICAL METHODS s AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY s CALIBRATION s CARS s CATCHMENT s CATCHMENT AREA s CHAUFFEUR s COMPETITIVE MARKETS s CONGESTION s CONSUMERS s COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS s COST OF TRANSPORT s COSTS OF TRANSPORT s CROSSING s DESIGN SPEED s DIRECT VALUE s ECONOMETRIC ANALYSES s ECONOMETRIC MODELS s ECONOMIC BENEFITS s ECONOMIC EVALUATION s ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIC MODELS s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMIC SIZE s ECONOMIC STRUCTURE s ECONOMIC THEORIES s ECONOMIC THEORY s ECONOMICS s ECONOMICS LITERATURE s ELASTICITY s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT POLICIES s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EQUATIONS s EQUILIBRIUM s EQUILIBRIUM MODELS s EXCESS SUPPLY s EXHAUST EMISSIONS s EXTERNALITIES s FEASIBILITY STUDIES s FRAMEWORK s FREIGHT s FREIGHT TRAFFIC s GDP s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODELS s GENERATED TRAFFIC s GOOD TRANSPORT s GROSS VALUE s GROWTH POTENTIAL s HIGH SPEED RAIL s HIGH SPEED RAIL NETWORK s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY PROJECTS s HOUSING s IMPACT OF TRANSPORT s IMPERFECT COMPETITION s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INNOVATION s INSPECTION s INTERCITY RAIL s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR SUPPLY s LAND PRICES s LAND USE s LAND USE PATTERNS s LARGE CITIES s LEGISLATION s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LONG-DISTANCE s LONG-DISTANCE TRAFFIC s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MACROECONOMIC MODELS s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MIGRATION s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MIXED TRAFFIC s MONOPOLY s MULTIPLIER EFFECTS s OPTIMIZATION s OUTPUTS s PASSENGER s PASSENGER SURVEY s PASSENGER TRAVEL s PASSENGERS s POLLUTION s POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES s PRODUCTION FUNCTION s PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROFIT MARGINS s PROPERTY VALUES s PUBLIC SECTOR INVESTMENT s RAIL INVESTMENT s RAIL PROJECT s RAIL PROJECTS s RAIL TRAVEL s RAILWAY s RAILWAY INVESTMENT s RAILWAY LINE s RAILWAY LINES s RAILWAY STATIONS s RAILWAY TRANSPORT s RAILWAYS s ROAD s ROAD INVESTMENT s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROADS s ROUTE s ROUTES s SAFETY IMPACTS s SAVINGS s SETTING OUT s SHARING s SNOW s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SPECIALIST WORKERS s SPEEDS s STATISTICAL DATA s STRUCTURES s SUBSIDIARY s SUPPLIERS s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL OUTPUT s TRAFFIC INTENSITY s TRAFFIC VOLUMES s TRAINS s TRANSPORT CAPACITY s TRANSPORT CORRIDORS s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT IMPROVEMENTS s TRANSPORT INDUSTRY s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT INVESTMENT s TRANSPORT INVESTMENTS s TRANSPORT MARKET s TRANSPORT NETWORK s TRANSPORT NETWORKS s TRANSPORT PLAN s TRANSPORT PROFESSIONALS s TRANSPORT PROJECTS s TRANSPORT SAFETY s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICE s TRANSPORT SERVICE IMPROVEMENTS s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORT SUPPLY s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION CONSTRUCTION s TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY s TRAVEL COSTS s TRAVEL DEMAND s TRAVEL SPEED s TRAVEL TIMES s TRAVELERS s TRIP s TRIP DISTANCE s TRIP PURPOSE s TRIPS s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBANIZATION s VALUE ADDED s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY s WEALTH English en_US This report reflects a two-stage work flow designed to fulfill the research objectives: stage one defined the methodology, and stages two tested this methodology and transferred the know-how to the China Railway Corporation and its consultants through case studies. Chapter two summarizes the theoretical framework within which regional economic impacts are discussed and quantified. Chapter three reviews current regional economic impact analyses in China. Chapter four summarizes the approach to practical regional impact assessment in other countries and reviews the relevance of the main methods in the Chinese context. Chapter five summarizes the work that has been carried out by the World Bank to date in estimating regional impacts in China. Chapter six develops a practical approach to quantifying the regional economic impacts of future HSR in China, including methods for data collection, surveys and interviews. Chapter seven presents the implementation of the methodology in the case studies and the interpretation of quantified model results. Chapter eight summarizes the conclusions and the recommendations for further work. In addition, appendices one to three provide further details about existing assessment studies and methodologies. Appendices four and five show the interview and survey forms. A separate report provides a step-by-step how-to guide for a regional economic impact assessment using a four zone generic example model, which as a simple numerical example complements the presentation of the case study applications on Changchun-Jilin HSR and the northern part of the Beijing-Shanghai HSR 40 17-11-21 00:18:37.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870684 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19996 Volltext, Open Access

1759726117

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 0206:08-05-23 16:05:58.000 0206:07-02-22 utf8 0 Oau Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726117 OCoLC 1255599404 WBOKR 20013 EBP 064563626 KEP 064563626 eng 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20013 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia Economic Quarterly FY14 Compilation of the July 2013, October 2013, December 2013 and March 2014 Indonesia Economic Quarterly Reports World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACCOUNTING s ASSET PRICES s AUCTIONS s AVAILABILITY OF CREDIT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE OF TRADE s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK CREDIT s BANK LOAN s BANK PROFITABILITY s BANKING ASSETS s BANKING SECTOR s BASIS POINT s BASIS POINTS s BENCHMARK YIELDS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BILL s BOND ISSUANCE s BONDS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUY-BACKS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL STOCK s CAPITAL STOCKS s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT FINANCING s CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK LENDING s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s CONFIDENCE INDEX s CONSUMER DEMAND s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CONTINGENCY PLANNING s CORE INFLATION s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE DEBT s CORPORATE INVESTMENT s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT OUTSTANDING s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RISKS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY DEPRECIATION s CURRENCY RISKS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT OUTSTANDING s DEBT REPAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICING s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEPRECIATION RATE s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DOLLAR PRICE s DOMESTIC BONDS s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC DEMAND GROWTH s DOMESTIC SECURITIES s DOWNWARD PRESSURE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s ELASTICITY OF OUTPUT s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s EQUIPMENT s EQUITIES s EQUITY FINANCING s EQUITY INDICES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT REVENUES s EXPORT VOLUMES s EXPORTERS s EXTERNAL BALANCES s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEBTS s EXTERNAL DEFICIT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL FUNDING s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCIAL ASSET s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL POSITION s FIXED CAPITAL s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKETS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GLOBAL LIQUIDITY s GLOBAL TRADE s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BOND YIELD s GOVERNMENT BOND YIELDS s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT REGULATION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HEDGES s HUMAN CAPITAL s ILLIQUIDITY s IMPORT s IMPORT DEMAND s IMPORTS s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY EXPECTATIONS s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL FINANCING s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT ACTIVITY s INVESTMENT DEMAND s INVESTMENT FLOWS s INVESTMENT INFLOWS s INVESTMENT LEVELS s INVESTMENT LOANS s INVESTMENT SPENDING s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT s LIQUIDITY RISKS s LOAN s LOAN APPROVALS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MARKET DEVELOPMENTS s MARKET YIELDS s MATURITY s MONETARY POLICY s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OIL COMMODITY s OIL COMMODITY PRICES s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s POLICY RESPONSES s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PORTFOLIOS s POST OFFICE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE INCREASES s PRIVATE DEBT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PURCHASING POWER s REPAYMENT s RESERVE s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESERVES s RESIDENTIAL MORTGAGES s RETURN s SAVINGS ACCOUNT s SHORT-TERM EXTERNAL DEBT s STOCK MARKET s STOCK PRICE s STRONG COMMODITY s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH RATE s SWAP s TAX s TERM DEPOSIT s TOTAL EXPORTS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE FINANCE s TRADE RESTRICTIONS s TRADING s TRADING PARTNER s TRADING PARTNERS s TREASURY s TREASURY BOND s TREASURY BOND YIELD s TREASURY NOTE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VALUATION s VOLATILITY OF CAPITAL s WARRANTS s WEALTH EFFECTS s WORKING CAPITAL 091401070 Wirtschaftslage stw 10342-1 DA-3 091400988 Wirtschaftsindikator stw 15075-1 DA-3 091401194 Wirtschaftsprognose stw 10031-4 DA-3 091366941 Indonesien stw 17578-0 DA-3 2014 DA-3 DE-206 English en_US The Indonesia Economic Quarterly (IEQ) has two main aims. First, it reports on the key developments over the past three months in Indonesia's economy, and places these in a longer term and global context. Based on these developments and on policy changes over the period, the IEQ regularly updates the outlook for Indonesia's economy and social welfare. Second, the IEQ provides a more in-depth examination of selected economic and policy issues, and analysis of Indonesia's medium-term development challenges. It is intended for a wide audience, including policymakers, business leaders, financial market participants, and the community of analysts and professionals engaged in Indonesia's evolving economy. Indonesia's fiscal and monetary policy settings will continue to play a key role in facilitating the adjustments now taking place and in minimizing associated risks. There are, however, trade-offs between the objectives of restraining inflation, supporting growth and adjusting the current account deficit to the tighter financing environment. Monetary policy faces the challenge of calibrating interest and exchange rates so as to guard against rising inflationary pressures as cost pressures rise (such as from the pass-through of the weaker currency or wage increases) while facilitating improvements in the external balances, and without unduly crimping economic growth and weakening public and private sector balance sheets. With the 2014 budget under discussion with Parliament, fiscal policy faces the challenge of slower revenue growth, and higher energy subsidy and nominal debt-financing costs, raising the importance of lifting further the quality of spending and of revenue mobilization. In response to the intensification of financial market pressures, and in conjunction with the monetary policy and currency market measures mentioned above, on August 23 the Government announced a policy package containing measures intended to improve the current account, safeguard purchasing power and facilitate growth, contain inflationary pressure, and maintain investment flows. Some of the reform measures involved retracting interventionist policies on trade and proposals for improving certainty in the business environment 40 17-11-21 00:18:38.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870692 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20013 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726125 OCoLC 1255599352 WBOKR 20173 EBP 064563618 KEP 064563618 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20173 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Fiduciary Systems Assessment Ethiopia Health MDG Support - Program for Results World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS s ACCOUNTS PAYABLE s ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE s ACTION PLAN s ADVERTISEMENT s ADVERTISEMENTS s ADVERTISING s ANTI- CORRUPTION s ANTI-CORRUPTION s APPROVAL SYSTEM s ASSETS s AUDITOR s AUDITORS s AUDITS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BIDDING s BORROWER s BUDGETARY ALLOCATIONS s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CASH FLOW s CASH MANAGEMENT s CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s CIVIL SERVANTS s CLINICS s COLLUSION s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMPETITIVE BID s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVE BIDS s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY s CONTRACEPTIVES s CONTRACT AWARD s CONTRACT MANAGEMENT s CONTRACT MONITORING s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORRUPT s CORRUPT PRACTICE s CORRUPTION s CORRUPTION OFFENCES s CORRUPTION PERCEPTION s CREDITOR s CRIMINAL s DATA LIMITATION s DEBT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION MAKING s DECISION MAKING PROCESS s DELIVERY SYSTEM s DEVELOPMENT GOALS s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DISCLOSURE s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DOMAIN s DRUGS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELECTRICITY s EMBEZZLEMENT s EQUIPMENT s ESSENTIAL DRUGS s ETHICS s EXTERNAL AUDITS s FEDERAL GOVERNMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FIXED ASSET s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FRAUD s FUNCTIONALITY s FUND MANAGEMENT s GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE s GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH POLICY s HEALTH SERVICES s HOSPITALS s HUMAN RESOURCES s IMMUNIZATION s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s IMPLEMENTING AGENCY s INFORMATION FLOW s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INNOVATION s INSPECTION s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSURANCE s INTEGRITY s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDITS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s INVENTORY CONTROL s INVENTORY LEVELS s INVENTORY MANAGEMENT s INVESTIGATION s LABORATORIES s LAWS s LEGAL ADVICE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL REQUIREMENTS s LIQUIDATION s LOCAL MANUFACTURERS s LOGISTICS SYSTEMS s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MANDATE s MEDIA s MEDICAL SUPPLIES s MEDICINE s MEDICINES s MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s MINISTER s MINISTERS s MISAPPROPRIATION s MONOPOLIES s NEGOTIATION s NEGOTIATIONS s NETWORKS s NUTRITION s OPERATIONAL FUNCTIONS s PATIENTS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PHARMACEUTICAL s PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS s PHARMACEUTICALS s PHARMACISTS s POLICY FORMULATION s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT LAW s PROCUREMENT PLAN s PROCUREMENT PLANS s PROCUREMENT POLICY s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PROCUREMENTS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROSECUTION s PROTOCOL s PROTOCOLS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PURCHASING s QUALITY CONTROL s RATIONAL DRUG USE s RECORD KEEPING s RELIABILITY s RESULT s RESULTS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SETTLEMENTS s SITES s SOFTWARE SOLUTION s STATEMENTS OF EXPENDITURE s SUPERVISION s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT s TARGETS s TAX IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS s TAX REVENUE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRACKING SYSTEM s TRANSACTION s TRANSFER OF GOODS s TRANSISTORS s TRANSPARENCY s TRUST FUND s USES s VACCINES s VERIFICATION s WASTE s WORKERS s ZERO TOLERANCE pha English en_US This health millennium development goals (MDGs) program for results (PforR) operation contributes to Ethiopia's fourth health sector development program (HSDP-IV) objectives by disbursing against achievement of a subset of its key results. MDG performance fund (PF) supports a sub set of key priorities for HSDP-IV. The three areas that the MDG PF supports are: (i) maternal health, (ii) child health, and (iii) strengthening health systems. The presented P4R operation will provide 100 million dollars International Development Association (IDA) funding for the MDG PF provided agreed results have been achieved and have been verified. The IDA credit will be complemented by a United States (U.S.) 20 million dollars grant under the health results innovation trust fund (HRITF). The assessment examined program expenditure framework to determine whether it is comprehensive, clearly defined, and determination whether it is part of the borrower's budget and financial management processes. It also focused on key elements of program procurement arrangements. The key risks identified by the integrated fiduciary systems assessment arise from the performance of the pharmaceutical fund and supply agency (PFSA), which is critical for PforR operation, and responsible for procuring and distributing most of the health products required for producing the results. The assessment concludes that the examined program financial management and procurement systems are adequate to provide reasonable assurance that the financing proceeds will be used for intended purposes, with due attention to principles of economy, efficiency, effectiveness, transparency, and accountability and for safeguarding program assets 40 17-11-21 00:18:38.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870706 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20173 Volltext, Open Access

1759726133

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:02.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726133 OCoLC 1255599372 WBOKR 19987 EBP 06456360X KEP 06456360X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19987 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Taking Stock, July 2014 An Update on Vietnam's Recent Economic Developments World Bank VerfasserIn aut Hanoi 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ACCESS TO CAPITAL s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO LOANS s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURE s ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS s ASSET CLASSIFICATION s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET MANAGEMENT COMPANIES s BAD DEBTS s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK POLICY s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR REFORMS s BANKING SECTOR STABILITY s BANKING SUPERVISION s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BASIS POINTS s BILATERAL TRADE s BINDING CONSTRAINT s BONDS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGETING s BUSINESS LICENSES s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CDS s CENTRAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIT AVAILABILITY s CREDIT DEFAULT s CREDIT DEFAULT SWAP s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT INSTITUTION s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATING AGENCY s DEBT BURDENS s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBTS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITOR s DEPOSITS s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DIVIDEND POLICY s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC BANKS s DOMESTIC DEBT s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY INVESTMENT s ETHNIC MINORITIES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE ASSIGNMENTS s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL TRADE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FORECASTS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKETS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN HOLDINGS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GDP s GINI COEFFICIENT s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH PROJECTIONS s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HOUSING s IMPAIRED ASSETS s IMPORT TARIFFS s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME TAX s INCOMES s INFLATION s INFORMATION DISCLOSURE s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS s INSOLVENCY REGIME s INSURANCE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT CAPITAL s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT PROCESS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s ISSUANCE s LABOR MARKET s LAND USE s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL REFORM s LENDING PRACTICES s LENDING SPREADS s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIQUIDATIONS s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOAN CLASSIFICATION s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOTTERY s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC RISKS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET MECHANISMS s MARKET PRICES s MARKET TRENDS s MARKET VALUE s MERGERS s MONETARY POLICY s NATURAL DISASTERS s NET EXPORTS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OWN SOURCE REVENUE s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE s POLICY RESPONSES s POLITICAL STABILITY s POOR ASSET QUALITY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO QUALITY s POWER PARITY s PRICE MOVEMENTS s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRODUCTION INPUTS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFITABILITY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s PUBLIC SERVICES s PURCHASING POWER s REAL ESTATE s REAL GDP s RECAPITALIZATION s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCES s RESERVE s RESERVE FUND s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSET s RETURN ON EQUITY s REVENUE SHARING s RISK AVERSION s SECURITIES s SHAREHOLDERS s SKILLS SHORTAGES s SOVEREIGN RISK s SOVEREIGN RISKS s STATE BANK s STOCK EXCHANGE s STRATEGIC INVESTORS s STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS s SYSTEMIC RISK s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX COLLECTION s TAX POLICY s TAX REVENUES s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE RELATIONS s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TURNOVER s UNDERLYING PROBLEMS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VALUE ADDED s VOLATILITY s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY s WEALTH s WTO English en_US Global growth is projected to pick up to 3.4 percent in 2015 and 3.5 percent in 2016, propelled by highincome countries. Developing country growth will benefit from these tailwinds, with growth projected to increase from 4.8 percent in 2014 to 5.5 percent in 2016 broadly in line with potential. Global growth projections for 2014, however, have been marked down from 3.2 percent to 2.8 percent on account of the bumpy start this year, buffeted by poor weather in the United States, financial market turbulence and the conflict in Ukraine. The outlook for the East Asia and the Pacific region continues to reflect several counterbalancing factors, including domestic policy adjustment, volatile financing conditions, political crisis in Thailand, and sustained recovery in global demand for exports. Regional GDP growth is expected to slow down slightly to 7.0 percent by 2016, about 2 percentage points slower than the pre-crisis boom years but broadly in line with potential. Regional risks include volatility and eventual tightening of global financing conditions, possible setbacks in China s restructuring and a weaker contribution from net exports than assumed in the baseline. Potential escalation of regional political tensions presents additional risk to the outlook 40 17-11-21 00:18:38.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870714 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19987 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:02.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726141 OCoLC 1255599284 WBOKR 20071 EBP 064563596 KEP 064563596 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20071 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ceará PforR Technical Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Brazil Latin America & Caribbean s ACQUISITION OF SKILLS s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESSES s ADULT ILLITERACY s ADULTS s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC EDUCATION TEACHERS s BASIC PRINCIPLES s BASIC SANITATION s BASIN TRANSFER s BULK WATER s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAREGIVERS s CHILD CARE s CHILD EDUCATION s CITIZEN PARTICIPATION s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOMS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT s COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT s COMPUTER LITERACY s CONSTRUCTION OF FACILITIES s CONTRACT MANAGEMENT s COURSE MATERIALS s CUBIC METERS s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM DESIGN s DECISION MAKING s DECISION MAKING PROCESS s DISTANCE LEARNING s DOMESTIC SEWAGE s DOWNSTREAM USERS s DRAINAGE CHANNELS s DRINKING WATER s DROUGHT s EARLY CHILD DEVELOPMENT s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT s EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION s EARLY STIMULATION s EDUCATION AUTHORITIES s EDUCATION FACILITIES s EDUCATION INITIATIVES s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION PROGRAMS s EDUCATION SPENDING s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE s EFFLUENTS s EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s ENROLLMENT RATES s ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING s ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s FEMALE POPULATION s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES TO MUNICIPALITIES s FORMAL TRAINING s GENERAL EDUCATION s GOVERNANCE MODEL s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s HIGH SCHOOL s HOUSEHOLDS s ILLITERACY s INTERVENTIONS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT PLANNING s JOB TRAINING s KINDERGARTENS s LAND USE MANAGEMENT s LEARNING s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LITERACY s LITERACY COURSES s LITERACY PROGRAMS s LITERACY RATE s LITERACY RATES s LITERACY SKILLS s LITERACY TESTS s LOCAL WATER s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANUALS s MATERNAL EDUCATION s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MIDDLE SCHOOL s MIDDLE SCHOOL EDUCATION s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS s MUNICIPAL LEVEL s MUNICIPAL SEWAGE s MUNICIPALITIES s NUMBER OF CONNECTIONS s NUMBER OF SCHOOLS s NUTRITION s OPERATIONAL PRACTICES s PARENT EDUCATION s PARTICIPATORY WATER MANAGEMENT s PERFORMANCE AGREEMENTS s PESTICIDE USE s PESTICIDES s PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s POOR WATER QUALITY s PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION s PRIMARY ENROLLMENT s PRIMARY LEVEL s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE ENTERPRISES s PROBLEM SOLVING s PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION s PROVISION OF EDUCATION s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PUBLIC COMPANIES s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SANITATION s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF WATER s QUALITY STANDARDS s RATE OF ILLITERACY s RAW SEWAGE s RAW WATER s RAW WATER QUALITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s RIGHTS OF CHILDREN s RIVER BASIN s RIVERS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL CHILDREN s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE WATER s SANITATION s SANITATION SERVICES s SCHOOL ACTIVITIES s SCHOOL AGE s SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN s SCHOOL CARE s SCHOOL ENROLLMENT s SCHOOL FACILITIES s SCHOOL MANAGEMENT s SCHOOL PROGRAM s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SEPTIC TANKS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWAGE DISPOSAL s SEWERAGE NETWORK s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s STATE SCHOOLS s STORAGE CAPACITY s SURFACE RUNOFF s SURFACE WATER s TEACHER s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING MATERIALS s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TRAINING ACTIVITIES s TRAINING INSTITUTES s TRAINING MATERIALS s TRAINING OF TEACHERS s TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING SCHOOLS s UNIVERSAL ACCESS s URBAN AREAS s USE OF WATER s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABLE FAMILIES s WATER BODIES s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER MANAGEMENT STRATEGY s WATER POLICY s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT s WATER QUALITY MONITORING s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SECTOR s WATER STORAGE s WATER SUPPLY s WATERSHED MANAGEMENT s WATERSHEDS s WELLS s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUTH English en_US The Government of Ceará has asked for the Bank s support in implementing its multi-year plan (Plano Plurianual or PPA) for 2012-15. The objectives of the Plan are to promote equitable social development, sustainable economic development and to contribute to the emergence of a more efficient and participatory public sector.The activities to be supported have been chosen on the basis of the importance to these goals, the state s commitment to and the Bank s capacity, in view of its experience in other Brazilian states and elsewhere, to contribute to improving their design and execution. The PforR will build on previous Bank support for public sector reform by strengthening results-based management within sector agencies and providing incentives for collaboration among agencies and with the private sector. This will contribute to strengthening the implementation of Government programs in the following areas: skills development, early childhood development and water quality 40 17-11-21 00:18:38.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870722 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20071 Volltext, Open Access

175972615X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:02.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972615X OCoLC 1255599186 WBOKR 20060 EBP 064563588 KEP 064563588 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20060 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO People's Republic of Bangladesh - Revenue Mobilization Program for Results VAT Improvement Program World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Bangladesh South Asia s ACCOUNT s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCOUNTING TREATMENT s ACTION PLAN s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS s ANTI-CORRUPTION s ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING s APPLICATION SOFTWARE s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSETS s AUDIT OFFICE s AUDIT REPORTS s AUDITING s AUDITOR s AUDITORS s AUTOMATION s BEST PRACTICES s BID DOCUMENTS s BIDDING s BILLS s BRIBERY s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGETARY ALLOCATION s BUDGETARY ALLOCATIONS s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CASH SHORTAGES s CERTIFICATES s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CIVIL SERVANT s CIVIL SERVANTS s COLLUSION s COLLUSIVE PRACTICE s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMUNICATION STRATEGY s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s CONTRACT AWARD s CONTRACT MANAGEMENT s CONTRACTORS s CORRUPT s CORRUPT PRACTICES s CORRUPTION s CORRUPTION LAWS s CORRUPTION PERCEPTION s CORRUPTION PERCEPTION INDEX s CORRUPTION PREVENTION s COST ESTIMATES s CPI s CRIMINAL s CRIMINAL JUSTICE s CUSTOM s CUSTOMIZATION s CUSTOMS s DEPENDENT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENT ARRANGEMENT s DISBURSEMENT ARRANGEMENTS s DISBURSEMENTS s DISPOSITION s E-GOVERNMENT s E-PAYMENT s E-PROCUREMENT s ELECTRONIC FILING s EQUIPMENT s EXISTING LAW s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE CATEGORIES s FAIR COMPETITION s FIGHT AGAINST CORRUPTION s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIERS s FIXED ASSET s FIXED ASSETS s FLOW CHART s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FRAUD s FRAUDULENT CLAIMS s FUNCTIONALITY s GOVERNMENT BANK s GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS s HARDWARE s ICT s IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD s IMPLEMENTATIONS s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s IMPLEMENTING AGENCY s INCOME TAX s INDEPENDENT AUDITOR s INFORMATION DISSEMINATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INSPECTION s INSPECTIONS s INSTALLATION s INSTITUTIONALIZED CORRUPTION s INSURANCE s INTEGRITY s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDITORS s INTERNAL AUDITS s INTERNATIONAL CONSULTANTS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTIGATION s INVESTIGATIONS s JUDGE s JUDICIAL INVESTIGATION s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s JUDICIARY s JUSTICE s JUSTICE SYSTEM s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LAWS s LAWYERS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PRACTITIONER s LOAN s LOAN REPAYMENTS s MAKING PAYMENTS s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MANDATE s MATERIAL s MINISTER s MONEY LAUNDERING s MUTUAL LEGAL ASSISTANCE s NATIONAL BUDGET s NEGOTIATIONS s NETWORKS s OPERATING SYSTEMS s PARLIAMENTARY OVERSIGHT s PENALTIES s PERCEPTION OF CORRUPTION s PERFORMANCE INDICATOR s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s POLITICIANS s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT LAW s PROCUREMENT PLAN s PROCUREMENT PLANS s PROCUREMENT POLICY s PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PROCUREMENTS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROSECUTION s PROSECUTORS s PROTOCOLS s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC MONEY s PURCHASING s RECURRENT COSTS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMEDIES s RESULT s RESULTS s RETENTION s SALARY s SERVERS s STANDARD PROTOCOL s STANDARDIZATION s SUPERVISION s SUPPLY CHAIN s TARGETS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECT s TECHNICAL EXPERT s TECHNICAL EXPERTS s THIRD PARTY ENTITY s TIME FRAME s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TRIAL s TROUBLE SHOOTING s TRUST FUND s USES s VERIFICATION s WEB English en_US In accordance with the Bank s OP/BP 9.0 an Integrated Fiduciary Systems Assessment (IFSA) was carried out to determine whether the fiduciary systems pertaining to the Program provide reasonable assurances that the Program funds will be used for their intended purpose. The IFSA comprised an assessment of the fiduciary risks relating to: (a) procurement; (b) financial management; and (c) governance (including fraud and corruption risks) of the implementing agency (the VAT Wing of NBR) which accounts for 95 percent of the Bank-supported Program financing over the next five years. An additional 5 percent of funds will be spent through the ERD as the coordinating agency and the agency responsible for hiring the third party entity for independent verification and reporting to the World Bank. For disbursement purposes, the Bank retains the right to make the final decision whether DLIs have been achieved or not. The conclusion of the IFSA is that the overall fiduciary framework is high risk, but with risk mitigating measures, it is adequate to support Program implementation and to achieve the desired results 40 17-11-21 00:18:38.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870730 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20060 Volltext, Open Access

1759726168

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:02.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726168 OCoLC 1255599311 WBOKR 19984 EBP 06456357X KEP 06456357X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19984 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Open Data Challenges and Opportunities for National Statistical Offices World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource s ACTION PLAN s ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS s APPLICATION PROGRAMMING s BEST PRACTICES s BLOG s BOUNDARIES s BUSINESS COMMUNITY s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES s BUSINESSES s CATALOG s CATALOGING s CATALOGS s CITATION s CLASSIFICATION s CLASSIFICATIONS s CLASSIFYING s COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE s CONFIDENTIALITY s CUSTOM s DATA ACCESS s DATA ANALYSIS s DATA CENTERS s DATA COLLECTION s DATA POLICIES s DATA POLICY s DECISION MAKING s DESCRIPTION s DISCUSSION s DISCUSSIONS s DOCUMENTS s DOMAIN s ELECTRONIC FORMAT s ELECTRONIC FORMATS s FEEDBACK MECHANISMS s GENERAL PUBLIC s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s GOVERNMENT OFFICES s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s IDEAS s INNOVATION s INNOVATIVE BUSINESS s INSIGHTS s INTERFACES s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTEROPERABILITY s KNOWLEDGE RESOURCES s LEADING s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIBRARIES s LICENSE s LICENSE AGREEMENT s LICENSES s LITERACY s MARKET SHARE s METADATA s MULTIPLE ACCESS s ONTOLOGIES s OPEN ACCESS s OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES s PDF s PRECISION s PRIVACY s PRIVACY ISSUES s PROCUREMENT s PROTECTION OF PRIVACY s PROTOCOLS s PUBLISHING s QUALITY CONTROL s RANDOM ERRORS s RAW DATA s RDF s REMOTE ACCESS s REPOSITORIES s REPOSITORY s RESEARCHERS s RESULT s RESULTS s RETURN ON INVESTMENT s SAMPLE SURVEYS s SAMPLING ERRORS s SCIENTISTS s SEARCH s SECURE ACCESS s STATA s STATISTICAL METHODS s STATISTICAL SAMPLES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL ISSUES s THINKING s TRAINING MATERIALS s TRANSPARENT WAY s TYPES OF USERS s USER s USER COMMUNITIES s USERS s USES s VARIETY s WEBSITE s WORLD WIDE WEB s XML English en_US Open Data initiatives are transforming how governments and other public institutions interact and provide services to their constituents. They increase transparency and value to citizens, reduce inefficiencies and barriers to information, enable data-driven applications that improve public service delivery, and provide public data that can stimulate innovative business opportunities. As the gatekeepers of official statistics, National Statistics Offices (NSOs) produce many datasets that could typically comprise the foundation of an Open Data program. They may also have relationships with other data producing agencies in the national statistical system and have expertise in dealing with the many technical and data quality issues attendant in publishing data. In short, they are extremely well placed to make a valuable contribution to Open Data initiatives. Despite these advantages, NSOs do not always feature prominently in government-sponsored Open Data programs and they may be missing an important opportunity to expand the use and re-use of the data they produce. The goal of this working paper is to better understand the opportunities and challenges that Open Data presents to NSOs and to identify what steps and solutions are needed to enable NSOs to play a valuable role in national or sub-national Open Data initiatives 40 17-11-21 00:18:38.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870749 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19984 Volltext, Open Access

1759726176

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:02.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726176 OCoLC 1255599432 WBOKR 20024 EBP 064563561 KEP 064563561 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20024 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tertiary Education in Indonesia Directions for Policy World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ABILITY LEVELS s ACADEMIC ABILITY s ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT s ACADEMIC POLICY s ACADEMIC POSITIONS s ACADEMIC PROGRAMS s ACADEMIC RIGOR s ACADEMIC YEAR s ACCREDITATION SYSTEM s ADVANCED DEGREE s ADVANCED DEGREES s ADVANCED HUMAN CAPITAL s AGE COHORT s AGE RANGES s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC EDUCATION CYCLE s CAREER s CAREER ADVANCEMENT s CAREER PROSPECTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SOCIETY s COLLEGE ENTRANCE EXAM s COLLEGE GRADUATES s COMMUNITY COLLEGE s COMMUNITY COLLEGES s COMPETENCIES s COMPLETION RATES s COMPUTER SCIENCE s DEGREE PROGRAMS s DEGREES s DEMAND FOR GRADUATES s DIPLOMAS s DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS s DISCIPLINES s DROPOUT RATES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATED WORKFORCE s EDUCATION DEGREE s EDUCATION EXPENDITURES s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION LEVELS s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS s ELEMENTS s EMPLOYED GRADUATES s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES s ENROLLMENT DATA s ENROLLMENT RATES s ENROLLMENT TARGETS s ENTRANCE EXAM s EXAMS s EXPENDITURES s FACULTY QUALIFICATIONS s FORMAL LEARNING s FUTURE STUDENTS s GIFTED STUDENTS s GRADE LEVELS s GRADUATE TAXES s GRADUATE UNEMPLOYMENT s GRADUATION RATE s GRADUATION RATES s GRANT PROGRAMS s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE s GROSS TERTIARY ENROLLMENT s HIGH SCHOOL s HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA s HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES s HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION COMMUNITY s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s HIGHER EDUCATION LAW s HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM s HIGHER ENROLLMENT s HIGHER INCOMES s HIGHER TUITION s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME-CONTINGENT s INCOME-CONTINGENT LOANS s INSTITUTIONAL ACCREDITATION s INSTITUTIONAL AUTONOMY s INSTRUCTION s INSTRUCTORS s INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ASSESSMENT s JUNIOR SECONDARY s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCES s LABOR MARKET DEMAND s LABOR MARKETS s LEADERSHIP s LEARNERS s LEARNING s LEARNING GOALS s LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LECTURERS s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIBERAL ARTS s LITERATURE s LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINORITY GROUPS s NATIONAL ACCREDITATION s NATIONAL EDUCATION s NET ENROLLMENT s NEW ENTRANTS s NUMERACY s OCCUPATIONS s OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENTS s PEER GROUP s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s POLYTECHNICS s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION s PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES s PRIVATE UNIVERSITY s PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE s PROFESSORS s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES s PUBLIC UNIVERSITY s QUALIFIED TEACHERS s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEMS s QUALITY LEARNING s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION s QUALITY SCHOOLS s QUALITY SECONDARY SCHOOLS s RATES OF RETURN s REASONING s RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS s RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES s RESEARCHERS s RETENTION RATES s RETURN TO EDUCATION s RETURNS TO EDUCATION s RURAL AREAS s SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM s SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMS s SCHOLARSHIPS s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SCIENTIFIC PAPERS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY GRADUATES s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS s SENIOR SECONDARY s SKILL LEVELS s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLED WORKFORCE s STATE UNIVERSITIES s STUDENT ASSISTANCE s STUDENT ATTENDANCE s STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS s STUDENT ENROLLMENT s STUDENT FINANCIAL AID s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT LOAN s STUDENT LOAN PROGRAMS s STUDENT LOANS s STUDENT POPULATION s STUDENT PROGRESS s SUBJECTS s SUPPLY OF GRADUATES s TEACHER s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TEI s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY EDUCATION COVERAGE s TERTIARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s TERTIARY GRADUATES s TERTIARY STUDENTS s TEST SCORES s TUITION s TUITION COSTS s TUITION FEES s TUTORING s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY ADMISSIONS s UNIVERSITY DEGREES s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s UNIVERSITY PROGRAMS s UNIVERSITY STUDENTS s WORKERS s YOUTH English en_US Indonesia has made notable progress in raising attainment levels in primary and secondary school. More than 1 million additional students graduated high school in 2012 when compared with 1999, and graduation rates are expected to increase further. Major efforts are being made throughout the system to improve learning outcomes and ensure graduates have more knowledge and better skills. This progress at primary and secondary school creates more demand for tertiary education (TE). Most students (88 percent in a recent survey) profess a desire to continue studying after high school. Indonesia's TE system, however, is not well prepared to help create relevant, high-quality opportunities for this growing pool of high school graduates. Wages for those with TE are high and have remained so even as more and more workers enter the labor market with at least some TE. TE is a good investment in Indonesia, even when one attends a TE institution (TEI) of perceived low quality. Empirical analyses of labor markets do not support the anecdotes about large numbers of unemployed and underpaid workers with TE. This fact is a main general conclusion that should shape the direction of TE policy in Indonesia 40 17-11-21 00:18:38.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870757 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20024 Volltext, Open Access

1759726184

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:02.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726184 OCoLC 1255599233 WBOKR 20044 EBP 064563553 KEP 064563553 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20044 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financing Energy Efficiency Measures for Residential Building Stock Scaling Up Energy Efficiency in Buildings in the Western Balkans Bernd Kalkum VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Eastern Europe Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN s AFFORDABILITY s AFFORDABLE FINANCING s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL SECTORS s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s ALLOWANCES s ANNUAL EMISSIONS s APPLIANCE STANDARDS s APPLICATION PROCEDURES s APPROACH s AVAILABILITY s BANK FINANCING s BANK LENDING s BANK LOANS s BARRIERS TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY s BIOMASS s BOILERS s BORROWING s BUILDING MATERIALS s CARBON s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CITIES s CLEAN ENERGY s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE-CHANGE s CO s CO2 s COAL s COGENERATION s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPACT FLUORESCENT BULBS s CONDENSATION s CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY s CONSUMPTION OF FUEL s COOPERATIVES s COST-BENEFIT s CREDIT LINE s CREDIT LINES s CREDITWORTHINESS s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s CUSTOMER BASE s CUSTOMER BASES s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DISTRICT HEATING s DUST s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATED CONSUMERS s EFFICIENT LIGHTING s ELECTRIC HEATERS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY TARIFF s ELIGIBLE APPLICANTS s EMISSION s EMISSIONS s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY AUDIT s ENERGY AUDITING s ENERGY BALANCE s ENERGY BILLS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY COST SAVINGS s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY FINANCE s ENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES s ENERGY IMPORTS s ENERGY PRICING s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SECURITY s ENERGY SERVICE COMPANY s ENERGY SERVICES s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY SUBSIDIES s ENERGY SUPPLY s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS s EQUITY CONTRIBUTIONS s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MECHANISMS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL TOOLS s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUELS s GAS BOILERS s GAS PRICES s GHGS s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GREY MARKET s GUARANTEE SCHEMES s HARMFUL EMISSIONS s HEAT s HEAT GENERATION s HEAT METERING s HEAT METERS s HEAT PRODUCTION s HEAT PUMPS s HEAT RECOVERY s HEAT SUPPLY s HEAT TRANSFER s HEATING ENERGY s HEATING SYSTEM s HEATING SYSTEMS s HIGH ENERGY INTENSITY s HIGHER ENERGY PRICES s HOME IMPROVEMENTS s HOMEOWNER s HOMEOWNERS s HOT WATER s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HYDROCARBONS s IMPORTS s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s INEQUALITIES s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY s JOB CREATION s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JOBS s LACK OF ACCESS s LACK OF AWARENESS s LACK OF INFORMATION s LACK OF KNOWLEDGE s LOAN s LOAN AMOUNT s LOAN GUARANTEE s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOCAL ENVIRONMENT s LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s LOWER PRICES s MARKET PENETRATION s NATURAL GAS s NOX s OIL s OIL EQUIVALENT s OUTREACH s PEAK LOADS s PENALTIES s PENETRATION RATES s POLLUTANTS s POWER s POWER SYSTEMS s PRIVATIZATION s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s REAL ESTATE s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES s REPAYMENT s RESIDENTIAL BUILDING s RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS s RESIDENTIAL CONSUMERS s RESIDENTIAL ENERGY s RESIDENTIAL ENERGY USE s RESIDENTIAL SECTORS s RETROFITTING s REVOLVING FUND s REVOLVING FUNDS s SELF-FINANCING s SO2 s SOFT LOANS s SOLAR SYSTEMS s SOLAR THERMAL s SOLAR THERMAL COLLECTORS s SOLAR WATER HEATERS s SOLAR WATER HEATING s SOLAR WATER HEATING SYSTEMS s SUPPLY SIDE s TARGETED SUBSIDIES s TAX CODE s TAX CREDIT s TAX CREDITS s TAX PAYMENTS s TAX REBATE s TAX REDUCTIONS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TEMPERATURE s UNION s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s UTILITIES s UTILITY BILL s UTILITY BILLS s UTILITY PROGRAMS s VOLUNTARY AGREEMENTS s WATER HEATING English en_US Within the Western Balkans region, a secure energy supply is critical to sustaining economic growth. Currently, the region relies heavily on imported hydrocarbons and maintains high energy intensity relative to Gross Domestic Product, or GDP. This places a huge burden on companies, which require affordable and reliable infrastructure services to be competitive; the public sector, which spends significant budgetary resources on energy; and households, which have to pay a high portion of their income for energy services. As energy pricing is further rationalized, a higher burden will be placed on all sectors, especially poorer households. The residential sector is a significant energy consumer. Its share of total final energy consumption ranges from 28 percent to 32 percent (compared with the EU average of 27 percent). Fairly simple renovations such as insulation, heating system upgrades, and improvements to windows and lighting could reduce consumption in this sector by some 9 percent, with payback periods generally less than 8 years. Such improvements could help ease the impact of future tariff increases while helping reduce the region's projected energy supply and demand gap 40 17-11-21 00:18:38.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870765 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20044 Volltext, Open Access

1759726192

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:02.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726192 OCoLC 1255599427 WBOKR 20017 EBP 064563545 KEP 064563545 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20017 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia's Higher Education System How Responsive is it to the Labor Market? World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE s ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS s ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCREDITATION s AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITIES s BASIC EDUCATION s CERTIFIED TEACHERS s CIVIL SERVICE s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COMMITMENT TO EDUCATION s COMMUNITY COLLEGE s COMMUNITY COLLEGES s COMPULSORY EDUCATION s COUNSELING s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s DECISION MAKING s DEGREE PROGRAMS s DEGREES s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DISTANCE LEARNING s DOCTORAL STUDENTS s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION PERSONNEL s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SERVICES s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s ENROLLMENT GROWTH s ENROLLMENT RATE s ENROLLMENT RATES s ENROLMENT RATE s ENTRANCE EXAM s EXPENDITURES s FEMALE ENROLLMENT s FUTURE RESEARCH s GER s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE s GROWTH IN ENROLLMENT s HEALTH CARE s HIGH SCHOOL s HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION ENROLLMENT s HIGHER EDUCATION FINANCING s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s HIGHER EDUCATION LAW s HIGHER EDUCATION PROGRAMS s HIGHER EDUCATION QUALITY s HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR s HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS s HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM s HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEMS s HIGHER LEARNING s HIGHER LEARNING INSTITUTE s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INDEPENDENT LEARNING s INDUCTION TRAINING s INFORMAL EDUCATION s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSTRUCTION s INTERNSHIPS s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JUNIOR SECONDARY s JUNIOR SECONDARY LEVEL s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET NEEDS s LABOR MARKETS s LABOUR MARKET s LEADERSHIP s LEARNING s LEARNING ACTIVITIES s LEARNING CENTERS s LECTURERS s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVEL OF SKILL s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LITERATURE s MATHEMATICS s MINISTERS OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s NATIONAL ACCREDITATION s NATIONAL ACCREDITATION SYSTEM s NATIONAL EDUCATION s NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM s NER s NET ENROLLMENT s NET ENROLLMENT RATE s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s OCCUPATIONS s OPEN UNIVERSITY s OVERSUPPLY OF TEACHERS s PARTNERSHIP WITH INDUSTRY s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCE OF GRADUATES s POLYTECHNICS s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS s PROBLEM SOLVING s PROFESSORS s PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION s QUALITY TEACHING s RE-TRAINING s READING s REGULAR TEACHER s RESEARCH COLLABORATION s RESEARCHERS s RETURNS TO EDUCATION s RURAL AREAS s SCHOLARSHIP OPPORTUNITIES s SCHOLARSHIPS s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SCIENCE DEGREES s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SECONDARY STUDENTS s SENIOR SECONDARY LEVEL s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED LABOR FORCE s SOCIAL SCIENCE s SOCIAL SCIENCES s SOCIAL SKILLS s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s TEACHER s TEACHER CERTIFICATION s TEACHER SALARIES s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHER TRAINING COLLEGES s TEACHER TRAINING PROGRAMS s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING STAFF s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s TERTIARY GRADUATES s TRAINING COLLEGE s TRAINING INSTITUTIONS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TUITION s TUITION FEES s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY GRADUATES s WORKERS s YOUTH English en_US Indonesia is at a development crossroads. It successfully weathered the 2008 international financial crisis, and it has shown resilience in the current turbulent times. Its economy is now one of the largest 20 economies in the world and it has ambitious plans to achieve high-income status and join the G-7 by 2030. Yet the challenges it faces are daunting. As highlighted in the recent Indonesia Economic Quarterly report by the World Bank, the status quo may not be enough to maintain current growth rates in light of domestic and policy pressures. And even maintaining the current rates of growth will not bring the country to high income status by the target year. This paper is organized as follows. Section two presents a framework to look at incentives and argues that without the right system in place, the tendency of the education sector will not necessarily be to align its supply with the demands of the labor market. The section discusses some of key features of the system in Indonesia. Section three looks at the performance of higher education graduates in the labor market, their labor force participation, unemployment rates, the types of jobs they obtain and trends in the returns to higher education. Section four takes patterns in employment and returns to education, as well as employer surveys, to find signs of misalignment between supply and demand in the types of degrees of graduates, the sectors where they are employed and the skills they bring with them. Finally, section 5 concludes with some suggested policy directions and future research 40 17-11-21 00:18:38.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870773 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20017 Volltext, Open Access

1759726206

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:02.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726206 OCoLC 1255599394 WBOKR 20078 EBP 064563537 KEP 064563537 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20078 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ceara PforR Full Fiduciary Systems Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Brazil Latin America & Caribbean s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING s ACTION PLAN s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES s ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS s ADVERTISEMENT s ANNUAL BUDGET LAW s ANTI-CORRUPTION s ASSETS s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s AUDIT CAPACITY s AUDIT METHODOLOGY s AUDIT STANDARDS s AUDITORS s AVAILABILITY OF DATA s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK PAYMENT s BANK TRANSFERS s BENEFICIARIES s BID s BID EVALUATION s BID EVALUATION COMMITTEE s BID EVALUATION CRITERIA s BID EVALUATIONS s BIDDER s BIDDERS s BIDDING s BORROWER s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CONTROLS s BUDGETING s CASH BALANCES s CASH FLOW s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CHECKS s CIVIL SERVANT s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CODE OF ETHICS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVE PROCUREMENT s COMPETITIVE PROCUREMENT METHODS s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s CONSULTING CONTRACTS s CONSULTING SERVICES s CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION s CONTRACT AWARD s CONTRACT AWARDS s CONTRACT DISPUTES s CONTRACT EXECUTION s CONTRACT MANAGEMENT s CONTRACT PERFORMANCE s CONTRACTORS s CONTRACTS FOR WORKS s CONTROL MECHANISMS s CORRUPT s CORRUPT OFFICIALS s CORRUPTION s COST ESTIMATES s COURT OF ACCOUNTS s COURT SYSTEM s CREDIT ALLOCATION s CREDIT CARD s CRIMES s CRIMINAL s DELIVERY OF GOODS s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DISCRETION s DUE DILIGENCE s E-PROCUREMENT s E-REVERSE AUCTION s ECONOMIC CRIMES s EMAILS s EQUIPMENT s ETHICS s EVALUATION REPORTS s EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL AUDIT s EXTERNAL AUDITING s FEDERAL GOVERNMENT s FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FIXED ASSETS s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FRAMEWORK AGREEMENTS s FRAUD s GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT s IDENTIFICATION NUMBER s IDS s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s IMPLEMENTING AGENCY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INITIATIVE s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTERFACE s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDITS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTIGATION s INVESTIGATIONS s JUDGMENT s JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE s JUDICIARY s JUSTICE s JUSTICE SYSTEM s LAWS s LEGAL ACTION s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL ISSUES s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOCAL BUSINESS s MAINFRAME s MALFEASANCE s MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s MONEY LAUNDERING s NATIONAL PROCUREMENT s NATIONAL PROCUREMENT LAW s NATIONAL TREASURY s OFFICIAL GAZETTE s ONE-STOP SHOP s OPEN COMPETITIVE BIDDING s ORIGINAL AMOUNT s PENALTIES s PILOT PROJECT s POLICE s POSTAL SERVICES s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT ACTIVITIES s PROCUREMENT ARRANGEMENTS s PROCUREMENT ENTITY s PROCUREMENT LAW s PROCUREMENT METHOD s PROCUREMENT METHODS s PROCUREMENT OF GOODS s PROCUREMENT OPPORTUNITIES s PROCUREMENT PERFORMANCE s PROCUREMENT PLANNING s PROCUREMENT POLICIES s PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PROCUREMENT SYSTEM s PROCUREMENT SYSTEMS s PROSECUTION s PROSECUTOR s PROSECUTORS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS s PUBLIC CONTRACTS s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC OFFICIALS s QUALIFICATION DOCUMENTS s QUALIFIED BIDDERS s QUALIFIED CONSULTANT s QUALIFIED CONSULTANTS s QUALIFIED TECHNICAL s QUALITY CONTROL s RECURRENT COSTS s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS s RESULT s RESULTS s REVERSE AUCTIONS s SANCTIONS s STANDARD BIDDING s STANDARD BIDDING DOCUMENTS s STANDARD FORMS s STATE AGENCIES s STATE AGENCY s STATE GOVERNMENT s STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SWAP s SWAPS s TARGETS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL COOPERATION s TECHNICAL QUALIFICATION s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS s TECHNICAL STAFF s TRANSACTION s TRANSMISSION s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER s USER s USERS s USES s VERIFICATION s WAGES s WEB s WEB PORTAL English en_US This assessment refers to the fiduciary arrangements governing the program-for-results (PforR) program. The fiduciary assessment found that the procurement and financial management arrangements are in line with OP 9.00 and that the capacity and performance of the implementing agencies are adequate for the purposes of the program. For procurement, the federal framework of laws and regulations is solid and transparent, and is familiar to both public officials and to the private sector. All procurement opportunities, regardless of estimated cost, are published via the internet. This involves establishing a local office or designating a local agent to serve as local representative and obtaining a taxpayer identification number or cadastro nacional de pessoas juridicas (CNPJ) 40 17-11-21 00:18:38.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870781 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20078 Volltext, Open Access

1759726214

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726214 OCoLC 1255599395 WBOKR 20077 EBP 064563529 KEP 064563529 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20077 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Croatia Program-for-Results Improving Quality and Efficiency of Health Services World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Croatia Europe and Central Asia s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ADULT POPULATION s AGE STRUCTURE s AGED s AGING s ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION s ALCOHOLISM s AMBULATORY CARE s AMBULATORY SERVICES s AMBULATORY SURGERY s ANESTHESIA s BEDS s BREAST CANCER s BUDGETARY RESOURCES s BURDEN OF DISEASE s CAPITATION s CERTIFICATION s CHEMOTHERAPY s CHILD HEALTH s CHRONICALLY ILL PATIENTS s CLINICAL GUIDELINES s CLINICAL PRACTICE s CLINICS s COMMUNICABLE DISEASES s COMMUNITY HEALTH s COMMUNITY SERVICES s COMPLICATIONS s CONTRIBUTION RATE s COST CONTROL s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS s COST-EFFICIENCY s DAY CARE s DEATH RATES s DEATHS s DECISION MAKING s DELIVERY SYSTEMS s DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION s DIABETES s DIET s DIGESTIVE SYSTEM s DISEASE CONTROL s DOCTORS s DRUG ABUSE s EATING HABITS s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ELDERLY s ELDERLY POPULATION s EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES s EPIDEMICS s EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRANSITION s EXISTING CAPACITY s EXPENDITURES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FINANCIAL CONTROL s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s GENERAL PRACTITIONERS s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE COSTS s HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURE s HEALTH CARE INSTITUTIONS s HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT s HEALTH CARE SECTOR s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH CARE SYSTEM s HEALTH CARE WORKERS s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH CONDITIONS s HEALTH COSTS s HEALTH DATA s HEALTH ECONOMISTS s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH FINANCING s HEALTH FOR ALL s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH INFORMATION s HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM s HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH INSURANCE FUND s HEALTH INSURANCE MARKET s HEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEM s HEALTH INSURERS s HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s HEALTH NEEDS s HEALTH ORGANIZATION s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH PLANNING s HEALTH PLANS s HEALTH POLICY s HEALTH PROFESSIONALS s HEALTH PROMOTION s HEALTH PROVIDERS s HEALTH RESOURCES s HEALTH RESULTS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SECTOR REFORM s HEALTH SERVICE s HEALTH SERVICE DELIVERY s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH STATUS s HEALTH SYSTEM s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE s HIV/AIDS s HOME CARE s HOSPITAL s HOSPITAL ACCREDITATION s HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS s HOSPITAL BEDS s HOSPITAL CAPACITY s HOSPITAL CARE s HOSPITAL COSTS s HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT s HOSPITAL SECTOR s HOSPITAL SERVICES s HOSPITALS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES IN HEALTH CARE s ILLNESS s INCENTIVES IN PAYMENT METHODS s INCOME s INCOME GROUPS s INFANT s INFANT DEATHS s INFANT MORTALITY s INFECTIOUS DISEASES s INFLUENZA s INFORMAL PAYMENTS s INJURIES s INPATIENT CARE s INTEGRATED HEALTH CARE s INTEGRATION s INTERSECTORAL COOPERATION s INTERVENTION s LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH s LEADING CAUSES s LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH s LIVE BIRTHS s LONG-TERM CARE s MANAGED CARE s MATERNITY LEAVE s MEDICAL ECONOMICS s MEDICAL EQUIPMENT s MEDICAL LABORATORIES s MEDICAL SUPPLIES s MEDICINES s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s MORTALITY RATE s NATIONAL HEALTH s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s NURSES s NURSING s NURSING CARE s NURSING HOMES s OBESITY s OUTPATIENT SERVICES s PALLIATIVE CARE s PATIENT s PATIENT CHOICE s PATIENT OUTCOMES s PATIENTS s PHARMACEUTICAL EXPENDITURES s PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY s PHARMACEUTICAL SECTOR s PHYSICIANS s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLLUTION s POPULATION DIVISION s POPULATION GROWTH s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRESCRIPTION PRACTICES s PRIMARY CARE s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICES s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PROGNOSIS s PROVIDER PAYMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s PUBLIC HEALTH SPENDING s PUBLIC HOSPITALS s PUBLIC SPENDING s QUALITY CONTROL s QUALITY OF CARE s QUALITY OF HEALTH s QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE s RADIOLOGY s REHABILITATION s RISK FACTOR s RISK FACTORS s SMOKERS s SMOKING s SOCIAL AFFAIRS s SOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCE s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL WELFARE s STERILIZATION s SURGERY s VACCINATION s VIOLENCE s WASTE s WELLNESS s WORKERS s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION s WORLD POPULATION pha English en_US This technical assessment has been carried out as part of the preparation of the Health Program-for-Results (PforR) operation in Croatia. The primary focus of the assessment is on the Government's Program, and the National Health Care Strategy 2012-2020, and serves as the policy framework for this operation. The needs that Croatia's health system must address have changed as a consequence of the demographic and epidemiological transition in the country. The disease burden in Croatia has shifted from being dominated by maternal and child health and communicable diseases to being dominated by chronic and non-communicable conditions. The Government of Croatia's National Health Care Strategy sets out development directions for the health sector and is the framework for making policy and operational decisions, including the distribution of budgetary resources. The development of emergency medical services and investment planning project supported technical assistance to develop a hospital rationalization master plan, and this will enable the Ministry of Health to develop specific proposals for funding that can be submitted to European Union (EU) structural funds. The hospital rationalization plan will be completed only in December 2013. In the interim, however, the Ministry of Finance has expressed its commitment to support the Ministry of Health to meet interim funding needs 40 17-11-21 00:18:38.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987079X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20077 Volltext, Open Access

1759726222

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:02.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726222 OCoLC 1255599179 WBOKR 20083 EBP 064563510 KEP 064563510 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20083 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Croatia Health System Quality and Efficiency Improvement Fiduciary System Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Croatia Europe and Central Asia s ANTI-CORRUPTION s FIDUCIARY RISK s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s GOVERNANCE s HEALTH SYSTEM s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s MITIGATION s NATIONAL FRAMEWORK s PROCUREMENT English en_US A Fiduciary System Assessment (FSA) was carried out in accordance with OP/BP 9.0 that evaluated the fiduciary systems pertaining to the Health System Quality and Efficiency Improvement Program for Results. The integrated fiduciary assessment comprised separate assessments of the fiduciary risks relating to the programs: (i) procurement; (ii) financial management; and iii) governance. The objective of the assessment was to provide reference that could be used to monitor fiduciary system performance during the implementation of the above referenced operation, as well as to identify actions, as relevant, to enhance the performance of the systems. Findings from the assessment, as well as a review of existing analytical and diagnostic work , conclude that the overall fiduciary and governance framework is adequate to support the implementation of Croatia's Health System Quality and Efficiency Improvement Program for Results and includes summary table of the key risks and the corresponding mitigation actions identified. This report is organized along the following lines: presentation of institutional arrangements and national framework; review and assessment of Program fiduciary systems and, including a discussion of baseline performance measurement and indicators, as well as fiduciary risk. While governance and anti-corruption issues are featured prominently throughout the various national systems, institutions, and functions, the report presents these issues in a separate section. Finally, the report includes inputs to the implementation support plan as well as a number of supporting annexes 40 17-11-21 00:18:39.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870803 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20083 Volltext, Open Access

1759726230

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:02.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726230 OCoLC 1255599460 WBOKR 20065 EBP 064563502 KEP 064563502 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20065 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ethiopia Second Urban Local Government Development Program as a Program-for-Results Operation World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY REQUIREMENTS s ACCOUNTING s ACTION PLAN s AGRICULTURAL MODERNIZATION s AGRICULTURAL SECTORS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSETS s AUDITS s BANK FINANCING s BEST PRACTICES s BID s BLOCK GRANTS s BROKER s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGETING s CAPABILITIES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY BUILDINGS s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL ALLOCATION s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL GRANTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CITIES s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMODITY s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSOLIDATION s CORRUPTION s CREDIBILITY s CULTURAL DIVERSITY s CUSTOMS s DECENTRALIZATION s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE ASSIGNMENTS s EXPORT SECTORS s FEDERAL AGENCIES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s FINANCIAL NEEDS s FINANCIAL REPORT s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCING NEEDS s FINANCING SOURCES s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FLOW OF FUNDS s FRAUD s GENDER s GOVERNMENT BUDGETING s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GOVERNMENT CAPACITY s GOVERNMENT ENTITIES s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GRANT ALLOCATIONS s GRANT FUNDING s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD s IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY s IMPLEMENTING AGENCY s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE DELIVERY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTALLATIONS s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTRUMENT s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT FINANCING s INVESTMENT GRANTS s INVESTMENT PLAN s INVESTMENT PLANS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s ISSUANCE s JOB CREATION s KEY CHALLENGE s LATRINES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT FUNCTIONS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE s LOCAL GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MANDATES s MENU s MICRO ENTERPRISES s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL REVENUE s OWN SOURCE REVENUE s PEOPLES s PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCE MEASURES s PHYSICAL PROGRESS s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POLICY FRAMEWORK s PRIVATE FINANCING s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PROCUREMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROTOCOL s PROTOCOLS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESULT s RESULTS s RETURN s REVENUE ASSIGNMENTS s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICES TO CITIZENS s SMALL ENTERPRISE s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SERVICES s STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS s SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT s TARGETS s TAX s TAX RATES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL STANDARDS s TRAINING COURSES s TRANCHES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TREASURY s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN ECONOMY s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN SERVICES s URBANIZATION s USES s VERIFICATION s WATER SUPPLY English en_US The second Urban Local Government Development Program (ULGDP II) will enhance the institutional performance of participating ULGs in developing and sustaining urban infrastructure and services, through provision of three interlinked and mutually strengthening tools: (i) Performance-based investment grants, (ii) objective and neutral annual performance assessments, linked to the size of allocations and (iii) comprehensive capacity building support to the cities and to the regions to enhance their capacity in supporting ULGs as well as support to the implementing agency. The Ministry of Urban Development, Housing and Construction (MUDHCo, the Ministry) will be the agency in charge of the Program, as under ULGDP. The Ministry will be supported in areas of capacity building framework for regions, monitoring, reporting and project management and the Program also encompass capacity building to the Ministry to perform its core role related with the Program objectives 40 17-11-21 00:18:39.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870811 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20065 Volltext, Open Access

1759726249

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:03.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726249 OCoLC 1255599474 WBOKR 20045 EBP 064563499 KEP 064563499 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20045 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Municipal Budgeting and Finance Scaling Up Energy Efficiency in Buildings in the Western Balkans Network of Associations of Local Authorities in South-East Europe VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Eastern Europe Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS s AMORTIZATION s APPROACH s AUDITING s AUDITS s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BALANCE SHEETS s BENEFICIARIES s BORROWING s BUDGET REFORM s BUDGETARY AUTONOMY s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CASH FLOW s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s CITIES s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE PROTECTION s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK LENDING s COMMERCIAL BANK LOANS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CREDIT HISTORY s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT RATINGS s CREDITWORTHINESS s DEBT s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT SERVICE s DEBTS s DEFICITS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EIB s ELECTRICITY s ELIGIBLE INVESTMENTS s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY BILLS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY COST SAVINGS s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS s ENERGY LOSSES s ENERGY MANAGEMENT s ENERGY PLANNING s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SUPPLY s ENERGY USE s EQUIPMENT s ESCROW s EXPENDITURE s FEDERAL BUDGET s FINANCES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL PLANNING s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCING OF INVESTMENTS s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION INDICATORS s FUEL s FUTURE LOAN s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GRANT PROGRAMS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEAVY RELIANCE s INFORMAL CREDIT s INFORMATION DISSEMINATION s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT HORIZONS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT RATES s KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s KILOWATT-HOUR s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDERS s LOAN s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOCAL CAPACITY s LOCAL COUNCILS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE s LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUES s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL REVENUE s LOCAL REVENUE SOURCES s MANDATED EXPENDITURES s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MODEL CONTRACTS s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL DEBT s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT s MUNICIPAL FINANCING s MUNICIPAL FUNDS s MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MUNICIPAL INVESTMENT s MUNICIPAL INVESTMENTS s MUNICIPAL LOANS s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s NATIONAL INVESTMENT s OPERATING COSTS s OPERATING EXPENDITURES s OPERATING EXPENSES s PENALTIES s PIPELINE s POWER s PRINCIPAL PAYMENTS s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ASSETS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC POLICIES s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC UTILITIES s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENTS s REPAYMENTS OF PRINCIPAL s RESERVE s RESERVE ACCOUNTS s RESERVES s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE SOURCES s REVOLVING FUND s REVOLVING FUNDS s ROADS s SAVINGS s SAVINGS PAYMENTS s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL DEBT s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPORT s WAGES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WATER SUPPLY English en_US Within the Western Balkans region, a secure and reliable energy supply is critical for sustainable economic growth. Expensive, imported energy and inefficient energy use place a huge burden on municipalities that require affordable and reliable infrastructure services to attract investment and provide services to their citizens. With energy prices projected to rise, service delivery costs will increase, further straining municipal budgets and disproportionally affecting poorer households. The ability of municipalities to adequately budget for and finance reductions in energy use thus will be a critical need in the years ahead. Saving energy can also help cities renew their building and infrastructure stock while helping to create employment opportunities, all paid for through the reductions in their energy bills. The municipal budget is the main financial planning document at the local level. It contains a list of municipal revenues and expenditures for the coming year, the latter of which are divided into operating and capital expenditures. Typically, municipal budgets are for a single year. This guidance note will review current policies and procedures for municipal budgeting and financing in the region, identify shortcomings, and present a 'road map' for improvement based on several proposed 'milestones.' These recommendations can help support capital investments for providing a variety of municipal services, not just those for Energy Efficiency, or EE 40 17-11-21 00:18:39.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987082X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20045 Volltext, Open Access

1759726257

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726257 OCoLC 1255599384 WBOKR 20046 EBP 064563480 KEP 064563480 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20046 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Residential Energy Efficiency Program in Lithuania Viktoras Sirvydis VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Lithuania s ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN s AFFORDABLE INTEREST RATES s AGRICULTURAL WASTE s APARTMENT s APARTMENT BLOCKS s APARTMENT BUILDING s APARTMENT BUILDINGS s APARTMENT OWNER s APARTMENT OWNERS s APARTMENT SIZE s APPROACH s APPROVAL PROCEDURES s AUDITS s BANK CREDIT s BANK LOAN s BANK LOANS s BANK OFFICIALS s BANKING SECTOR s BIOGAS s BOILER s BOILERS s BORROWER s BORROWING s BUILDING RENOVATIONS s CARBON s CHEMICAL PROCESSES s CITIES s CIVIL CODE s CLIMATE CHANGE s COAL s COGENERATION s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK LOANS s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL LOANS s CONSTRUCTION s CONSULTING SERVICES s CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY s COST-BENEFIT ANALYSES s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT LINE s CREDIT RISK s CREDITS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CRUDE OIL s DEBT s DEBT SERVICE s DEBTS s DEPOSIT s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT BANKS s DISTRIBUTION OF COSTS s DISTRICT HEATING s DOMESTIC HEATING s DONOR FUNDS s DOWN PAYMENT s ECONOMIC CLIMATE s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EFFECTIVE USE s EIB s ELECTRICAL POWER s ELECTRICITY s ELIGIBLE BORROWERS s EMISSION s EMISSIONS s ENERGY AUDIT s ENERGY BALANCE s ENERGY BILLS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY COST SAVINGS s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY HOUSING s ENERGY GENERATION s ENERGY PRODUCTS s ENERGY RESOURCES s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY SUBSIDIES s ENERGY USE s EQUAL TREATMENT s EQUITY INVESTMENTS s EXISTING BARRIERS s EXPENDITURE s FAMILY BUILDING s FAMILY BUILDINGS s FAMILY HOMES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FINANCING SOURCES s FISHING s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUEL PRICES s FUELS s FUNDING SOURCES s GAS PRICES s GENERATION CAPACITY s GEOTHERMAL ENERGY s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GASES s HEAT s HEAT ENERGY s HEAT ENERGY CONSUMPTION s HEAT METERING s HEAT METERS s HEAT PRODUCTION s HEAT RECOVERY s HEAT SUPPLY s HEATING ENERGY s HEATING SYSTEM s HEATING SYSTEMS s HIGH ENERGY CONSUMPTION s HIGH INTEREST RATE s HOME OWNERS s HOMEOWNER s HOMEOWNER ASSOCIATIONS s HOMEOWNERS s HOMEOWNERS' ASSOCIATION s HOT WATER s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD INVESTMENT s HOUSING CONSTRUCTION s HOUSING LOANS s HOUSING MAINTENANCE s HOUSING MARKET s HOUSING RENOVATION s HOUSING STOCK s HOUSING STRATEGY s HYDROPOWER s INSTALLMENT s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT PLAN s INVESTMENT PLANS s KILOWATT-HOUR s LACK OF INFORMATION s LAWS s LEGAL ADVICE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LENDER s LENDING INSTITUTIONS s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOAN s LOAN COMMITMENTS s LOAN INSURANCE s LOAN PRINCIPAL s LOAN PRODUCTS s LOAN REPAYMENT s LOAN REPAYMENTS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOW-INCOME FAMILIES s LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s MAINTENANCE PAYMENTS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MUNICIPALITIES s NATURAL GAS s NUCLEAR POWER s NUCLEAR POWER PLANT s OIL s OIL EQUIVALENT s PAYBACK PERIOD s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s PIPELINE s POWER FACILITIES s POWER PLANTS s PRIMARY ENERGY s PRIVATE COMMERCIAL BANKS s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATIZATION s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s RECEIPT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s RENOVATION s REPAIR s REPAYMENT COST s REPAYMENT PERIOD s REPAYMENT PERIODS s RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS s RESIDENTIAL ENERGY s RESIDENTIAL HOUSING s REVOLVING FUND s SOFT LOANS s START-UP s STATE SUPPORT s SUPPORT FOR INVESTMENT s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s THERMAL PLANTS s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNION s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s WIND s WOOD WASTE pha English This case study, which describes the residential Lithuanian energy efficiency (EE) program and lessons learned, was prepared in support of the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP)-funded technical assistance activity Scaling Up of Energy Efficiency in Building in the Western Balkans. During the first period (1996-2004), the World Bank- and donor-funded Energy Efficiency Housing Pilot Project was implemented around investments of US$28.6 million. In addition, technical assistance (TA) was included to facilitate energy auditor market development, establish centers to provide legal advice to homeowner associations (HOAs), train bank officials, and develop a housing agency to further promote EE investments in the residential sector. These changes accelerate the modernization process in Lithuania from about 70 apartment buildings a year to 490 buildings a year. Subsidy procedures for low-income persons were also revised: a May 2013 law to provide support to low-income families was amended to require eligible households to implement a renovation project or risk a cut in their state subsidy from 50 percent to 0 percent for heating costs for a period of three years. This has facilitated the renovation decision-making process among low-income apartment owners 40 17-11-21 00:18:39.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870838 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20046 Volltext, Open Access

1759726265

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726265 OCoLC 1255599429 WBOKR 20052 EBP 064563472 KEP 064563472 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20052 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Moldova Health Transformation Project Fiduciary Systems Assessment Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Moldova s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING SYSTEM s ACCRUAL BASIS s AGGREGATE EXPENDITURE s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL BUDGET EXECUTION s ANNUAL BUDGETS s ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s ANNUAL REPORT s ANNUAL REPORTS s APPROPRIATION s APPROPRIATIONS s ARTICLE s AUDITORS s BENEFICIARIES s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CLASSIFICATION s BUDGET DEPARTMENT s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET EXECUTION REPORTING s BUDGET EXPENDITURE s BUDGET FRAMEWORK s BUDGET HOLDERS s BUDGET INSTITUTIONS s BUDGET LAW s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET RESOURCES s BUDGET STRUCTURE s BUDGET TRANSACTIONS s BUDGET YEAR s BUDGETARY ALLOCATIONS s BUDGETARY CLASSIFICATION s BUDGETARY FUNDS s BUDGETARY PROCEDURES s BUDGETARY PROCESS s BUDGETARY SYSTEM s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CASH BALANCES s CASH BASIS s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CASH POSITION s CASH RATIONING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CIVIL SERVANTS s CLINICS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMUNICABLE DISEASES s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s COST EFFECTIVENESS s CRIME s CUTTING EXPENDITURES s DATA COLLECTION s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING s DECISION-MAKING PROCESS s DIAGNOSTIC CENTERS s DOMESTIC DEBT s ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION s EDUCATION REFORM s ESTIMATES OF REVENUE s EXERCISES s EXPENDITURE BUDGET s EXPENDITURE FORECAST s EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s EXPENDITURE LEVEL s EXPENDITURE PLANS s EXPENDITURES s EXPENDITURES ON HEALTH s EXTERNAL AUDIT s FIDUCIARY ASSESSMENT s FIDUCIARY RISK s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE s FINANCIAL CAPACITY s FINANCIAL CONTROL s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL PLANS s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL RISK s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT FINANCE STATISTICS s HEALTH CARE SYSTEM s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH CLINICS s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH INSURANCE FUND s HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s HEALTH MANAGEMENT s HEALTH POLICY s HEALTH PROGRAMS s HEALTH PROMOTION s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HOSPITALS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS s INTERNAL CONTROLS s LAWS s LIQUIDITY s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET PRICES s MEDICAL SERVICES s MEDIUM-TERM DEVELOPMENT s MINISTRY OF ECONOMY s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY TERMS s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL ECONOMY s OPPORTUNITIES FOR CORRUPTION s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE s PATIENT s PATIENTS s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PAYMENT TRANSACTIONS s PERFORMANCE AUDITS s PERFORMANCE INDICATOR s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PHYSICIANS s POLICY DOCUMENT s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PROCUREMENT FUNCTION s PROCUREMENT OF GOODS s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENT SYSTEMS s PROGRAM BUDGETS s PROGRAM EXPENDITURE s PROGRAM FINANCING s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRAM PERFORMANCE s PROGRAM PLANNING s PROGRAM RESULTS s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC AUTHORITIES s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PUBLIC BUDGET s PUBLIC CONSULTATION s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC ENTITIES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s PUBLIC HEALTHCARE s PUBLIC INSTITUTION s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC LAW s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REFORM AGENDA s REFORM PROGRAM s SECTOR EXPENDITURE s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL EQUITY s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL PARTNERS s SOCIAL SECURITY s STATE AGENCY s STATE BUDGET s STATE ENTERPRISES s STATE GUARANTEES s STATE TAX s STATE TREASURY s SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTION s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY MANAGEMENT s TREASURY SYSTEM s WORKERS pha English en_US The fiduciary systems assessment has been carried out in accordance with OP / BP 9.00 to determine whether the Program fiduciary systems provide reasonable assurance that the Program expenditures will be used appropriately to achieve their intended purposes. The findings of the fiduciary assessment conclude that the overall fiduciary and governance framework is adequate to support the implementation of the proposed Health Transformation Program for Results (HTP) and includes a summary table of the key risks and corresponding mitigation actions to be undertaken. The Program s fiduciary systems and institutions provide reasonable assurance that the financing under the Program is used for intended purposes, with due regard to the principles of economy, efficiency, effectiveness, transparency and accountability. Specifically, Moldova s fiduciary management systems for the Program (planning, budgeting, accounting, procurement, internal controls, funds flow, financial reporting, and auditing arrangements) provide a reasonable assurance on the appropriate use of Program funds and safeguarding of its assets. Furthermore, the Program s fiduciary management systems perform at a satisfactory level to support the achievement of Program results 40 17-11-21 00:18:39.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870846 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20052 Volltext, Open Access

1759726273

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:03.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726273 OCoLC 1255599431 WBOKR 20176 EBP 064563464 KEP 064563464 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20176 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Guyana's Hinterland and Community-Based School Feeding Programme Guyana Ministry of Education VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Guyana Latin America & Caribbean s ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT s ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE s ACADEMIC SUBJECTS s ACADEMIC YEAR s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO SCHOOLS s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACUTE MALNUTRITION s ADJACENT REGIONS s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURE s ATTENDANCE RATES s AVERAGE ATTENDANCE s AVERAGE NUMBER OF STUDENTS s BASIC NUTRITION s CALCIUM s CARBOHYDRATES s CARIBBEAN REGION s CASSAVA s CHEESE s CHILD CARE s CHRONIC MALNUTRITION s CLASS ACTIVITIES s CLASS TEACHER s CLASS TEACHERS s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES s CLASSROOM BEHAVIOUR s CLASSROOM PARTICIPATION s COASTAL REGIONS s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COOKING s CORN s COST PER CHILD s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s DAIRY s DATES s DIETARY PATTERNS s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s EDUCATION FOR ALL s EDUCATION OF CHILDREN s EDUCATION OFFICES s EDUCATION STRATEGY s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS s EDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE s EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM s EGGS s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT FOR WOMEN s EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE s ENROLLMENT BY GENDER s ETHNIC GROUPS s EXPENDITURES s FARM WORK s FARMERS s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD DELIVERY s FOOD EXPENDITURES s FOOD FOR WORK s FOOD HANDLING s FOOD HANDLING PRACTICES s FOOD HYGIENE s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD INTAKE s FOOD NEEDS s FOOD POLICY s FOOD PREPARATION s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD SUBSIDIES s FOODS s FRUIT s FRUITS s GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION s GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP s GRAINS s HEAD TEACHER s HEAD TEACHERS s HEIGHT FOR AGE s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPROVEMENT OF SCHOOLS s INCOME GROWTH s INFANT MORTALITY s INTERVENTIONS s JUICES s LEARNING s LEARNING ENVIRONMENT s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LEGUMES s LITERACY s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL FARMERS s LOCAL FOOD PRODUCTION s LOCAL SCHOOLS s MALNUTRITION s MEAL PREPARATION s MEAT s MILK s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s NATIONAL ASSESSMENT s NUMBER OF SCHOOLS s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s NURSERY SCHOOL s NUTRITION INDICATORS s NUTRITION OUTCOMES s NUTRITION PROGRAM s NUTRITION SURVEYS s NUTRITIONAL INTAKE s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s OILS AND FATS s PARENTAL PARTICIPATION s PARTICIPATION IN SCHOOLS s PARTICIPATION OF PARENTS s PEANUTS s POOR FAMILIES s POOR HOUSEHOLD s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR PEOPLE s POOR PERSON s POOR POPULATION s POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POVERTY THRESHOLD s PRIMARY LEVEL s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN s PRIMARY SCHOOL LEVEL s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS s PROTEIN s PROTEINS s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY PRIMARY EDUCATION s RATES OF ACCESS s READING s REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION s REGIONAL CAPITAL s REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS s REGIONAL EDUCATION s REGIONAL EDUCATION OFFICES s REGIONAL LEVEL s REMOTE AREAS s REMOTE COMMUNITIES s REMOTE RURAL AREAS s REPEATERS s RICE s ROOT VEGETABLES s RURAL AREAS s RURAL POOR s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NET MECHANISMS s SAFETY NET PROGRAMS s SAFETY NETS s SCHOOL ACTIVITIES s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOL CHILDREN s SCHOOL CLUSTER s SCHOOL DAY s SCHOOL ENROLLMENT s SCHOOL FEEDING s SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMS s SCHOOL HOLIDAYS s SCHOOL MEAL s SCHOOL MEALS s SCHOOL PERFORMANCE s SCHOOL TEACHERS s SCHOOL YEAR s SCHOOL YEARS s SCHOOLS s SEAFOOD s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL FACILITIES s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SCIENCES s SOYBEANS s SPARSELY POPULATED REGION s STUDENT ATTENDANCE s STUDENT DATA s STUDENT PARTICIPATION s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s SUB-REGIONS s SUBSISTENCE s SUGAR s SUGARS s TEACHER s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING FORCE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TROPICAL FRUITS s UNIVERSITY LEVEL s VEGETABLES s VILLAGE COUNCILS s VITAMIN A s VITAMINS s WFP s WHEAT s WORLD FOOD PROGRAM English en_US Guyana s Hinterland Community-Based School Feeding Program (SFP) began in 2007 with the objective of building more community participation in schools and improving children s human development outcomes, such as student enrollment and attendance, nutritional status and learning outcomes. In addition, the program supports improvement of schools organization of primary level in Regions 1, 7, 8 and 9. In order to participate in the program, schools and their associated communities are required to submit school feeding proposals, undergo training in basic financial bookkeeping, food hygiene and nutritious meal preparation, using locally produced foods whenever possible. Communities must also ensure school kitchens meet the requirements and guidelines of the Ministry of Health, ensuring an adequate safe-water supply. To evaluate the program, the Government of Guyana and the World Bank collected survey data from schools, students, teachers and parents in three rounds 2007, 2008 and 2009 in Regions 1 and 7. This report shows the findings and impacts of SFP using all survey rounds. Regions 1 and 7 are characterized by high poverty levels and agricultural labor intensity. Both factors highlight the potential of organizing SFP around local producers, so that a regular supply of low-cost food can be guaranteed to the local schools and children living in precarious conditions. Seventeen of the sixty-four schools participating in the impact evaluation are in Region 7, and the rest are in Region 1. Randomization for the selection of comparison groups was not achieved, due to the participation rules. However, sample selection correction methods were used to correct for observable and unobservable biases 40 17-11-21 00:18:39.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870854 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20176 Volltext, Open Access

1759726281

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:03.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726281 OCoLC 1255599172 WBOKR 20068 EBP 064563456 KEP 064563456 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20068 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Fiduciary Systems Assessment of the Oaxaca Water and Sanitation Sector Modernization Project World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Mexico s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACTION PLAN s ADMINISTRATION OF CONTRACTS s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS s ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT s ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS s ANNUAL PROCUREMENT s APPLICABLE PROCEDURE s APPLICABLE PROCUREMENT s ASSETS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK PROCUREMENT s BANK PROCUREMENT GUIDELINES s BENEFICIARIES s BID s BIDDER s BIDDERS s BIDDING DOCUMENTS s BIDS s BORROWER s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CASH MANAGEMENT s CERTIFICATION s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CIVIL WORKS s CLAIM s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVE BIDDING PROCEDURES s COMPETITIVE PRICES s COMPETITIVE PROCEDURES s COMPETITIVE PROCESS s COMPETITIVE PROCUREMENT s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s COMPUTERS s CONSULTING CONTRACTS s CONSULTING SERVICE s CONSULTING SERVICES s CONTRACT AWARD s CONTRACT EXECUTION s CONTRACT MANAGEMENT s CONTRACTOR s CONTRACTORS s CONTROL MECHANISMS s CORRUPTION s CREDIT RATINGS s DEBT SERVICE s DEPENDENT s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENT METHOD s ELECTRONIC PLATFORM s EMPLOYMENT OF CONSULTANTS s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL AUDIT s EXTERNAL CREDIT s FEDERAL BUDGET s FEDERAL GOVERNMENT s FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SPECIALIST s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SITUATION s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FRAUD s FUTURE CONTRACT s GEOGRAPHICAL AREA s GOODS CONTRACTS s GOVERNMENT ENTITIES s GRACE PERIOD s HARDWARE s HARMONIZATION s HUMAN RESOURCES s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s IMPLEMENTING AGENCY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INITIATIVE s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS s INTEGRITY s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION s INTERNAL AUDITS s INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS s INTERNAL PROCESS s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LEGAL PERSONALITY s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LOAN s LOAN PROCEEDS s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MANDATE s MATURITY s MATURITY DATES s METHOD OF PROCUREMENT s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MODEL CONTRACT s NATIONAL BANK s NEGOTIATIONS s OFFENSE s OPEN COMPETITION s OPEN COMPETITIVE BIDDING s ORIGINAL CONTRACT s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT ACTIONS s PROCUREMENT ACTIVITIES s PROCUREMENT ARRANGEMENTS s PROCUREMENT COMMITTEE s PROCUREMENT EXPERIENCE s PROCUREMENT LAWS s PROCUREMENT LEGISLATION s PROCUREMENT METHOD s PROCUREMENT OF GOODS s PROCUREMENT OF WORKS s PROCUREMENT PLAN s PROCUREMENT PLANNING s PROCUREMENT PLANS s PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PROCUREMENT REQUIREMENTS s PROCUREMENT SPECIALIST s PROCUREMENT STAFF s PROCUREMENT SYSTEM s PROCUREMENT SYSTEMS s PROSPECTIVE BIDDER s PROTOCOL s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC ENTITIES s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALIFIED STAFF s REGISTRIES s REGISTRY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESOURCE PLANNING s RESULT s RESULTS s RIGHT OF APPEAL s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s SALARIES s SANCTION s SANCTIONS s SECURITIES s STATE GOVERNMENT s SUPERVISION s SUPPLIERS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TENDERS s TIME FRAMES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TURNOVER s TYPE OF ACTIVITY s USERS s VERIFICATION s WEB s WEB PAGE s WEB PAGES s WEB SITE s WHISTLEBLOWER English en_US Public Financial Management of the Mexican Federal administration relies on open and orderly Financial Management (FM) systems based on a strong legal framework, policies, and procedures for execution of public expenditures. These FM country systems are partially replicated in the State of Oaxaca and, in particular, in the Secretariat of Finance (Secretaria de Finanzas, SEFIN), which will be coordinating the overall implementation of the Program, and in the executing entities, the State Water Commission (Comision Estatal de Agua, CEA) and the Oaxaca Metropolitan Area Water Utility (SAPAO), which will be responsible for carrying out technical activities under the Program. Although SEFIN has limited experience in managing Bank-financed operations, and CEA and SAPAO have no such experience, the overall conclusion of the FM assessment is that SEFIN, CEA and SAPAO1 have suitable financial management arrangements, which include the key elements for an adequate implementation of the Program, such as: (i) a formal process of budget planning and execution based on comprehensive legal and normative frameworks; (ii) the approval of the State Expenditures Budget on an annual basis by the State Legislature; (iii) an integrated budgeting and accounting system (SINPRES), which allows for the management and control of financial resources; (iv) organizational structures with adequate segregation of duties, documented in the appropriate Functions and Organizational Manuals, and (v) experienced staff 40 17-11-21 00:18:39.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870862 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20068 Volltext, Open Access

175972629X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:03.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972629X OCoLC 1255599516 WBOKR 20067 EBP 064563448 KEP 064563448 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20067 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Technical Assessment of the Oaxaca Water and Sanitation Sector Modernization Program World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Mexico s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACCESS TO WATER s ANNUAL BUDGET ALLOCATION s AQUEDUCTS s AREAS OF SERVICE s AUTONOMOUS WATER UTILITIES s AVAILABILITY OF WATER s BOARDS OF DIRECTORS s BOREHOLES s CHANNEL s CHANNELS s CONNECTION s CONSERVATION s CONSERVATION OF WATER s CONSTRUCTION s COUNTERPART FUNDING s DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DRAINAGE COVERAGE s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER COVERAGE s EFFICIENT WATER USE s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s HOUSEHOLDS s INTERMITTENT WATER SUPPLY s INVESTMENT FINANCING s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT SUBSIDIES s IRON s LEAKAGE s MANGANESE s METER INSTALLATION s METERING s MUNICIPAL DEPARTMENT s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS s MUNICIPAL LEVEL s MUNICIPAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPAL UTILITIES s MUNICIPAL UTILITY s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER POLICY s NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES s NUMBER OF CONNECTIONS s OWNERSHIP OF INFRASTRUCTURE s PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENTS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PHYSICAL LOSSES s PRIVATE OPERATOR s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PROGRAMS s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PUBLIC WORKS s PUMPING s PUMPING STATION s PUMPING STATIONS s PUMPING SYSTEMS s PURIFICATION s PURIFICATION PLANT s QUALITY OF WATER s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REHABILITATION OF WATER s RESIDENTIAL USERS s RIGHTS OF USERS s RIVER BASIN s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE POTABLE WATER s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION STRATEGY s SANITATION SYSTEMS s SANITATION WATER s SERVICE AREA s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE IMPROVEMENT s SERVICE IMPROVEMENTS s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s TARIFF INCREASE s TARIFF REGULATION s TARIFF REVISION s TOWN s TOWNS s TRANSPARENCY s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s USERS s VOLUMES OF WATER s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER DISCHARGE s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WATER CONNECTIONS s WATER COVERAGE s WATER DEPARTMENTS s WATER INTAKES s WATER LAW s WATER NETWORKS s WATER POLICY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RIGHTS s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS s WATER USE s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY s WELLS English en_US In 2012 the Government of Oaxaca (GoO) prepared a Strategic Plan (Plan Estrategico Sectorial) for the Water Supply and Sanitation sector as part of its State Development Plan (Plan Estatal de Desarrollo) covering the period 2011-2016 corresponding to the six years of its administration. The objectives of the Strategic Plan for the WSS sector can be grouped under four pillars, expanding access to WSS services urban areas, improving water service quality and financial sustainability of water utilities, increasing wastewater treatment coverage, and expanding access to WSS services rural areas 40 17-11-21 00:18:39.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870870 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20067 Volltext, Open Access

1759726303

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:03.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726303 OCoLC 1255599517 WBOKR 20042 EBP 06456343X KEP 06456343X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20042 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Energy Services Market Development Scaling Up Energy Efficiency in Buildings in the Western Balkans Kathrin Hofer VerfasserIn aut Dilip Limaye VerfasserIn aut Jas Singh VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Eastern Europe Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING TREATMENT s ACCREDITATION s AFFORDABLE FINANCING s AIR CONDITIONING s ANNUAL ENERGY SAVINGS s APPROACH s APPROPRIATE NONPROFIT s AUDITING s AUDITS s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK LENDING s BANKS s BOILERS s BORROWING s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES s BUSINESS PLAN s BUSINESS TRAINING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL COST s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CLEAN ENERGY s COGENERATION s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL LENDERS s COOLING s COST PRESSURES s CREDIT ENHANCEMENT s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT GUARANTEE FACILITY s CREDIT LINES s CREDITOR s CREDITS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT FUNDS s DEMAND FOR ENERGY s DEMAND FOR ENERGY SERVICES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY SERVICES s DIRECT LOANS s DISTRICT HEATING s DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS s DONOR FUNDS s E-LEARNING s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC REFORMS s EFFICIENT LIGHTING s ELECTRICITY s EMISSIONS s END USER s END USERS s ENERGY AUDITING s ENERGY AUDITS s ENERGY BILL s ENERGY BILLS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY COST SAVINGS s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS s ENERGY INTENSITY s ENERGY MANAGEMENT s ENERGY OUTPUT s ENERGY PERFORMANCE s ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF BUILDINGS s ENERGY POLICIES s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SERVICE s ENERGY SERVICE COMPANIES s ENERGY SERVICE PROVIDERS s ENERGY SERVICES s ENERGY STRATEGY s ENERGY SUPPLIERS s ENERGY SUPPLY s ENERGY USAGE s ENERGY USE s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EQUITY INVESTMENT s EQUITY INVESTMENTS s ESP s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STRUCTURE s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FINANCING FACILITIES s FINANCING SOURCES s GOVERNMENT FUNDING s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GASES s HEAT s HEAT METERING s HOMEOWNER s INFORMATION DISSEMINATION s INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS s INTERNAL FUNDS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s KILOWATT-HOUR s LACK OF KNOWLEDGE s LAWS s LEGISLATION s LOAN s LOAN FACILITY s LOAN FINANCING s LOAN REPAYMENTS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET ENTRY s MUNICIPAL DEBT s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPALITIES s OIL s OIL EQUIVALENT s OUTREACH s PARTIAL CREDIT s PEAK DEMAND s PIPELINE s POWER s POWER PLANT s PRESENT VALUE s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR FINANCING s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC BUDGETING s PUBLIC CONTRACTS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FACILITIES s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR PROJECTS s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s REPAYMENT s RETURN ON EQUITY s REVOLVING FUND s REVOLVING FUNDS s RISK PERCEPTION s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FUTURE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s UNION s UTILITIES s UTILITY COSTS s UTILITY PAYMENTS English en_US The development of private sector energy service providers (ESPs), including energy service companies (ESCOs), that specialize in energy efficiency (EE) project development and implementation can help overcome some of the important barriers to scaling up implementation of energy efficiency (EE) projects, particularly in the public sector. ESPs can offer a range of services spanning the energy services value chain and provide the technical skills and resources needed to identify and implement EE opportunities, perform services using performance based contracts (thereby reducing the risks to the energy users), facilitate access to financing from commercial lenders, and enable the energy users to pay for the services from the cost savings achieved. This guidance note provides examples of actions taken by governments in many countries (such as Armenia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, and India) to foster the energy services market and help establish and grow ESPs in their countries. Experience from these countries shows that governments need to adopt a three-pronged approach, involving policy and regulatory initiatives, technical assistance (TA), and financing strategies, to build ESP and public agency capacity, implement ESP projects in the public sector, and provide the platform for moving to more complex implementation and financing models in the future. TA or financing alone does not offer an effective strategy to overcome the multidimensional challenges of ESP market development; efforts in all three areas are needed. Key conclusions of this guidance note are that: (i) there is no specific formula that can be prescribed to instruct governments on how to develop energy services markets; and (ii) fostering the ESP market requires governments to undertake a concerted set of legislative, regulatory, policy, financing, and awareness and information initiatives 40 17-11-21 00:18:39.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870889 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20042 Volltext, Open Access

1759726311

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:03.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726311 OCoLC 1255599060 WBOKR 20043 EBP 064563421 KEP 064563421 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20043 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Establishing and Operationalizing an Energy Efficiency Revolving Fund Scaling Up Energy Efficiency in Buildings in the Western Balkans Kathrin Hofer VerfasserIn aut Dilip Limaye VerfasserIn aut Jas Singh VerfasserIn aut World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Eastern Europe Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s APPLICATION PROCEDURES s APPROACH s ASSET VALUE s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BANK GUARANTEES s BANK LENDING s BANK LOANS s BOILER s BOILERS s BORROWER s BORROWING s BUDGETING s BURNERS s BUSINESS PLANS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL BASE s CARBON EMISSIONS s CASH FLOWS s CLEAN ENERGY s CLIMATE CHANGE s COGENERATION s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK LENDING s COMMERCIAL BANK LOANS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL CONTRACTS s COMMERCIAL LENDING s COMMERCIAL LOANS s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s CREDIT ANALYSIS s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT GUARANTEES s CREDIT HISTORIES s CREDIT HISTORY s CREDIT MARKET s CREDIT MARKET ACCESS s CREDIT MARKETS s CREDIT RISK s CREDITOR s CREDITS s CREDITWORTHINESS s DEBT s DEBT CAPACITY s DEBT FINANCING s DEBTOR s DEFAULTS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DISTRICT HEATING s DUE DILIGENCE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EFFICIENT LIGHTING s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY SALES s ELECTRICITY USAGE s ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA s EMISSIONS s EMPLOYEE s ENERGY BILLS s ENERGY CONSERVATION s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY COST SAVINGS s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY DEVELOPMENT s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY GENERATION s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY PRICING s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SUPPLY s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EQUIPMENT s EQUIPMENT COSTS s EQUITY CONTRIBUTION s ESCROW s ESCROW ACCOUNT s ESP s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL RISK s FINANCIAL SAVINGS s FINANCIAL SELF-SUFFICIENCY s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCING FACILITY s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FREE CAPITAL s FREE LOAN s FUND MANAGEMENT s FUND MANAGER s FUNDING SOURCES s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GRANT FUNDING s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GASES s GRID RENEWABLE ENERGY s GUARANTEE FUNDS s GUARANTEE PRODUCTS s GUARANTOR s HEAT s HEAT METERING s HEAT METERS s HEAT RECOVERY s HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEMS s HEATING SYSTEMS s HEAVY RELIANCE s HIGH INTEREST RATES s HOLDING s HOMEOWNER s IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY s INITIAL FUNDING s INITIAL INVESTMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTERNAL FUNDS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INVESTMENT FINANCING s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT PROPOSALS s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s INVESTMENT VOLUME s KEY CHALLENGES s KILOWATT-HOUR s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDER s LENDERS s LEVIES s LIABILITY s LIMITED BORROWING CAPACITY s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENTS s LOAN COMMITMENTS s LOAN CONTRACT s LOAN CONTRACTS s LOAN DEFAULT s LOAN FUNDS s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN REPAYMENT s LOAN REPAYMENTS s LOAN SIZE s LOAN TERMS s LOAN VOLUME s LOCAL BANKS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LONG-TERM INTEREST s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKETING STRATEGY s MATCHING FUNDS s MAXIMUM LOAN AMOUNTS s MORTGAGE s MUNICIPAL CREDIT s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OIL s OIL EQUIVALENT s OLD ENERGY s OPERATING COSTS s OUTSTANDING BALANCES s PARTIAL CREDIT s PERFORMANCE RISKS s PETROLEUM s PIPELINE s PLEDGES s PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT s PORTFOLIOS s POWER s POWER GENERATION s PRIVATE FINANCE s PRIVATE FUND s PRIVATIZATION s PUBLIC ASSETS s PUBLIC BUDGET s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FACILITIES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s RATES OF RETURN s RECEIPTS s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s RENEWABLE SOURCES s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT PERFORMANCE s REPAYMENT PERIOD s REPAYMENT PERIODS s REPAYMENT RISK s REPAYMENT RISKS s REPAYMENT SCHEDULE s REPAYMENTS s RESERVE s REVENUE BONDS s REVOLVING FUND s REVOLVING FUNDS s RISK SHARING s SAVINGS s SAVINGS INSTRUMENTS s SPECIAL PLEDGES s START-UP s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s TAX s TAX COLLECTIONS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TONS OF CARBON s TRANCHES s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRUST FUND s TRUSTEES s UNION s UTILITIES s UTILITY BILLS English en_US An energy efficiency revolving fund (EERF) is a viable option for scaling up energy efficiency (EE) financing in the public sector in the Western Balkans. Under a typical EERF targeting the public sector, loans are provided to public agencies to cover the initial investment costs of EE projects; some of the resulting savings are then used to repay the EERF until the original investment is recovered, plus interest and service charges. The repayments can then be used to finance additional projects, thereby allowing the capital to revolve creating a sustainable financing mechanism. This guidance note is intended for government decision makers interested in establishing such EE revolving funds. It defines the typical structure of such funds, conditions under which they can be useful and effective, ways they can address some of the financing barriers, and implementation options. The note also provides examples, case studies, and lessons learned, and a 'road map' for establishing such funds 40 17-11-21 00:18:39.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870897 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20043 Volltext, Open Access

175972632X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:03.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972632X OCoLC 1255599551 WBOKR 20070 EBP 064563413 KEP 064563413 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20070 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Estimates of Domestic Resource Cost in Philippines Agriculture Roehlano M. Briones VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Philippines s AGRIBUSINESS s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL CROPS s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURE s ANIMAL FEEDS s ANIMAL HUSBANDRY s ANIMAL PRODUCTS s AQUACULTURE s BANANAS s BORDER PRICE s BUDGETARY SUPPORT s CA s CAPITAL RETURN s CEREALS s COCONUT s COCONUT OIL s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER PRICE s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s COPRA s COPRA PRICES s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER s CORN s COST STRUCTURE s CROP s CULTIVATION s CURRENCY s DISCOUNT RATE s DOMESTIC PRICE s DOMESTIC PRICES s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC THEORY s ECONOMIC VALUE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTS s FARM s FARMER s FARMER ORGANIZATIONS s FARMERS s FARMING s FERTILIZER s FERTILIZERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FISHERIES s FIXED CAPITAL s FOOD PREPARATION s FOOD RESEARCH s FOOD SECURITY s FOREIGN COMPETITION s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN MARKET s FOREIGN VALUE s FRUIT s GDP s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL MARKET s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS s GREEN REVOLUTION s GROSS VALUE s GROWTH RATE s GUAVAS s HAM s HARVESTING s IMPORT BARRIERS s INEFFICIENCY s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INPUT PRICES s INTEREST RATE s INTERMEDIATE GOODS s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s LABOR COSTS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS English en_US This study is part of a World Bank review of major issues in agribusiness in the Philippines that aims at (i) strengthening the analytical underpinnings of the current and future portfolio of operations of the Bank in the Agriculture and Rural Development (ARD) sector of the Philippines, consolidating analytical work carried out in the past two to three years and provide critical inputs for project design; and (ii) building capacities and developing a common understanding and platform with counterparts on how the results of this analysis could inform future policies and programs in the agriculture and agribusiness sector of the Philippines. The study updates the last round of domestic resource cost (DRC) estimations done by Gergely (2010), and continues work done on agricultural policy indicators for the Philippines. The rest of this report is organized as follows: the methodology for DRC analysis is presented in Section 2. A review of commodity profiles and past estimates is provided in Section 3. Section 4 presents the results and analysis of applying the DRC method. Section 5 summarizes and makes recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:18:40.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870900 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20070 Volltext, Open Access

1759726338

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:03.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726338 OCoLC 1255599414 WBOKR 20135 EBP 064563405 KEP 064563405 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20135 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Strategic Reform Road-map for the Technical and Vocational Education and Training Sector in West Bengal World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACADEMIC FACULTY s ACADEMIC PERSONNEL s ACCESS TO LEARNING s ACCESS TO TERTIARY EDUCATION s ACCREDITATION s ADULTS s ADVANCED RESEARCH s AGE GROUP s AGE GROUPS s AVERAGE WAGES s BACKGROUND PAPERS s BASIC LITERACY s CAREER s CAREER DEVELOPMENT s CAREER PATHS s CASUAL WORKERS s CHILD DEVELOPMENT s COLLEGES s COMPUTER SKILLS s CONTINUING EDUCATION s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s DEMAND FOR EDUCATION s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DISADVANTAGED YOUTH s DROP-OUTS s EDUCATION ACTIVITIES s EDUCATION ATTAINMENT s EDUCATION FOR ALL s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL QUALITY s ELEMENTARY EDUCATION s EMPLOYABILITY s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE s EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE SCHEME s EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES s EMPLOYMENT POLICY s ENROLLMENT s EXPORT-ORIENTED INDUSTRIES s FAMILY LIFE s FEMALE LABOR s FEMALE LABOR FORCE s FEMALE YOUTH s FORMAL EDUCATION s FORMAL EDUCATION SYSTEM s FURTHER EDUCATION s GENDER BIAS s GENDER PARTICIPATION s GENERAL EDUCATION s GER s GIRLS s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIOS s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER INCOMES s HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s ILLITERACY s ILLITERATE YOUTH s IN-SERVICE TRAINING s INCENTIVES FOR GIRLS s INDUSTRIAL TRAINING s INFORMAL SECTOR s INSTITUTIONAL AUTONOMY s INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION s INSTRUCTORS s INTERNSHIPS s INTERVENTIONS s INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION s JOB CREATION s JOB LOSSES s JOB STATUS s JOB TRAINING s JOBS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS s LABOR MARKET INFORMATION s LABOR MARKET NEEDS s LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES s LEARNERS s LEARNING s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LEATHER INDUSTRIES s LIFELONG LEARNING s LIFELONG LEARNING SYSTEM s LITERACY s LITERACY RATE s LITERACY RATIO s LOCAL SCHOOLS s LOW FEMALE PARTICIPATION s LOW LEVELS OF EDUCATION s MALE STUDENTS s MIDDLE SCHOOL s NEW ENTRANTS s NON-FORMAL TRAINING s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s NUMERACY s OCCUPATIONAL SKILLS s OCCUPATIONS s ON THE JOB TRAINING s ON-THE-JOB TRAINING s OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT s PAPERS s PARTICIPATION IN EDUCATION s PARTICIPATION RATES s POLYTECHNICS s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOLING s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE PROVIDERS s PRIVATE PROVISION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR PROVIDERS s PRIVATE SECTOR TRAINING s PRIVATE TRAINING s PRIVATE TRAINING INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATE TRAINING PROVIDERS s PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC TRAINING s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEMS s RESEARCHERS s RETAIL TRADE s RIGHT TO EDUCATION s RURAL AREAS s RURAL EMPLOYMENT s RURAL POPULATION s SCHOLARSHIPS s SCHOOL ENROLLMENT s SCHOOL SYSTEM s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY CERTIFICATE s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SECRETARIES s SERVICE SECTORS s SERVICE TRAINING s SHORT-TERM TRAINING s SKILL DEVELOPMENT s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED WORKFORCE s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SKILLS TRAINING s STUDENT LOANS s SURVIVAL RATE s TEACHER s TEACHER RECRUITMENT s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHERS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY SECTORS s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TOTAL LABOR FORCE s TRAINEES s TRAINING CENTERS s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING CURRICULA s TRAINING DELIVERY s TRAINING INSTITUTES s TRAINING INSTITUTIONS s TRAINING MARKET s TRAINING MATERIALS s TRAINING NEEDS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING PROVIDERS s TRAINING QUALITY s TRAINING SYSTEM s TYPES OF EDUCATION s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNIVERSAL ENROLLMENT s UNIVERSITY GRANTS s UPPER PRIMARY GRADES s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VOCATIONAL TRAINING COURSES s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WORKERS s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUTH s YOUTH EMPLOYMENT s YOUTH LABOR s YOUTH PARTICIPATION s YOUTH POPULATION s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE English en_US This report focuses on one of the key pillars of economic growth - namely, human development, and in particular, on skills development in West Bengal. It examines the current status of skills development, and potential ways forward for making the production of skills in the state more aligned to its economic growth needs. More specifically, the report investigates the characteristics of the technical and vocational education and training system that produces skills, how these skills match up in quantity and quality with what is in demand from employers in the organized and informal sectors, governance and quality assurance systems, emerging partnerships between the government and private providers of skills, and the availability of financial resources for skills development. Based on the findings from primary surveys, secondary data analysis, in-depth consultations with stakeholders, and declared policy priorities, the report provides a strategic framework and a time-based implementation road-map for reforming and reorienting technical and vocational education and training in West Bengal. This task was undertaken at the specific request of the new Government of West Bengal (GOWB) who took office in 2011. The GOWB wanted to know how to improve the quality of vocational and technical education and training in the state, and provide greater access to skill development to more young people. The request was formally transformed into a Non-Lending Technical Assistance (TA) with the Education Unit of the World Bank's New Delhi office. This report is one key output of the TA which covered a range of activities including bringing on board national and international expertise on various TVET issues, consultations with a variety of public and private sector stakeholders in the state, a series of learning and dissemination workshops, and partnerships with organizations who are engaged in this sector 40 17-11-21 00:18:40.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870919 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20135 Volltext, Open Access

1759726346

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:03.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726346 OCoLC 1255599450 WBOKR 20051 EBP 064563391 KEP 064563391 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20051 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Socialist Republic of Vietnam - Results-Based National Urban Development Program in the Northern Mountains Region Fiduciary System Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ACCOUNTABILITIES s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL BUDGET CYCLE s ANNUAL BUDGETING s ANNUAL BUDGETS s ANNUAL EXPENDITURES s ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s ANNUAL PLANS s ANTI-CORRUPTION s ANTICORRUPTION s ARTICLE s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSETS s AUDIT SYSTEM s AUDITOR s AUDITOR GENERAL s BANK BORROWERS s BANK CREDIT s BENEFICIARIES s BID s BIDDING s BIDS s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CONTROL s BUDGET CYCLE s BUDGET DECISIONS s BUDGET DEVELOPMENT s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET LAW s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET PREPARATION CALENDAR s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET PROPOSALS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL SPENDING s CASH BASIS s CASH FLOW s CASH PAYMENTS s CENTRAL BUDGET s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CITY ADMINISTRATION s CIVIL SERVANTS s COLLUSION s COLLUSIVE PRACTICES s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s CORRUPT s CORRUPT ACT s CORRUPTION CHARGES s CORRUPTION LAW s COST ESTIMATE s COST ESTIMATES s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s COUNTERPART FUNDING s COUNTERPART FUNDS s CREDIBLE EVIDENCE s CRIMES s DECENTRALIZATION s DISBURSEMENT s DISCRETION s DUE DILIGENCE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ETHICS s EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT CYCLE s EXPENDITURES s FIDUCIARY ASSESSMENT s FINANCE MINISTRY s FINANCE STAFF s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL COST s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT s FINANCIAL PROPOSALS s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL YEARS s FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL TRANSFERS s FRAUD s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT BUDGETING s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTEGRITY s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTIGATION s INVESTIGATIONS s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s LEADERSHIP s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDING INSTRUMENT s LOCAL CAPACITY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL REVENUE s LOCAL TAXES s MARKET PRICES s MASTER PLAN s MEDIA s MINISTER s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL BUDGET SYSTEM s NATIONAL EXPENDITURE s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL POLICY s NATIONAL PRIORITIES s NATURAL RESOURCES s OPERATING EXPENSES s PERFORMANCE DATA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCE TARGETS s PERSONNEL EXPENDITURES s PERVERSE INCENTIVES s POLICE s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT LAW s PROCUREMENT LAWS s PROCUREMENT OF GOODS s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENT SYSTEMS s PROCUREMENTS s PROGRAM BUDGETING s PROGRAM EXPENDITURE s PROGRAM FINANCING s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRAM MANAGEMENT s PROGRAM OVERSIGHT s PROGRAM PERFORMANCE s PROGRAM PLANNING s PROGRAMS s PROSECUTOR s PROSECUTORS s PROVINCIAL EXPENDITURES s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC OFFICIALS s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REFORM PROJECT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVE s RESOURCE AVAILABILITY s REVENUE ASSIGNMENTS s REVENUE SHARING s REVENUE-SHARING ARRANGEMENTS s SANCTION s SANCTIONS s SANITATION s SELF-ASSESSMENT s SERVICE DELIVERY s SETTLEMENT s SPECIAL ACCOUNT s STATE AUDITOR s STATE BUDGET s STATE TREASURY s STREET LIGHTING s SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTION s SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTIONS s TAX s TAX RATES s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY MANAGEMENT s TREASURY SYSTEM s TYPES OF EXPENDITURES English en_US The proposed Results-Based National Urban Development Program in the Northern Mountains Region (RBNUDP-NM or the Program ) will assist the Government of Vietnam in developing the implementation framework for its national urban program. It will do this by piloting a performance-based transfer system that will provide participating cities with a combination of much needed resources along with a clarification of implementation responsibilities, a results-based orientation, improved planning and a strengthening of oversight and accountability through audits and verification activities. The Program Development Objective is to strengthen the capacity of participating Northern Mountains cities to plan, implement and sustain urban infrastructure. The World Bank s Program-for-Results lending instrument is to be used for this operation. The Program targets the following seven cities Dien Bien Phu, Bac Kan, Cao Bang, Thai Nguyen, Hoa Binh, Tuyen Quang and Yen Bai 40 17-11-21 00:18:40.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870927 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20051 Volltext, Open Access

1759726354

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:03.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726354 OCoLC 1255599483 WBOKR 20047 EBP 064563383 KEP 064563383 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20047 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Preparing for Debt Management in Ulaanbaatar Issues to Consider World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Mongolia s ACCOUNTING s AGGREGATE DEBT s AMOUNT OF DEBT s ANNUAL BORROWING PLAN s ARBITRAGE s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK LENDERS s BANKRUPTCIES s BANKRUPTCY s BID s BOND s BOND INVESTORS s BOND ISSUANCE s BONDS s BORROWING PLAN s BROKERAGE s BUDGET SURPLUSES s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH BALANCE s CASH FLOW s CENTRAL BANKS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT TREASURY s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL FOR LOANS s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CREDIT ENHANCEMENTS s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT STANDING s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY COMPOSITION s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT DATA s DEBT DATABASE s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT FLOWS s DEBT INSTRUMENT s DEBT INSTRUMENTS s DEBT ISSUANCE s DEBT ISSUANCES s DEBT ISSUER s DEBT ISSUERS s DEBT LEVEL s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MANAGEMENT POLICIES s DEBT MATURITY s DEBT OBLIGATIONS s DEBT PAYMENT s DEBT RATIOS s DEBT REPAYMENT s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEBT SECURITIES s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT SERVICING COSTS s DEBT STOCK s DEBT-SERVICE s DEBTS s DEFAULTS s DEPOSITS s DERIVATIVES s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC BOND s DOMESTIC BOND MARKET s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT SECURITIES s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL BORROWING s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL CAPACITY s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY DEBT s FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK s FOREIGN LOANS s FRAUD s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GRACE PERIOD s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s INCOME TAX s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST CALCULATION s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL BOND s INTERNATIONAL BOND MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INVESTMENT FINANCING s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTOR BASE s LEGAL CONSTRAINT s LEGAL CONSTRAINTS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDER s LEVEL OF RISK s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIABILITY s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENTS s LOAN GUARANTEE s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOANS FROM BANKS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LONG-TERM DEBT s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET RISKS s MATURITY DATE s MATURITY PERIODS s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MORAL HAZARD s MUNICIPAL FINANCE s NATIONAL DEBT s PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS s PAYMENT ORDERS s PENSION s PENSIONS s PERSONAL INCOME s PLEDGES s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO CHOICE s PRINCIPAL PAYMENTS s PRINCIPAL REDEMPTION s PRINCIPAL REPAYMENT s PUBLIC BORROWING s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s REFERENDUM s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL s REPAYMENT SCHEDULE s REPAYMENT SCHEDULES s RESERVE s RESERVE BANK s RESERVE FUND s RESERVE FUNDS s RESERVES s RISK MANAGEMENT s SECURITIES s SECURITIES LAW s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKET LAW s SECURITIES MARKETS s SECURITY INTERESTS s SERIAL BONDS s SETTLEMENT s SHORT-TERM BILLS s SHORT-TERM BONDS s SHORT-TERM BORROWING s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SHORT-TERM DEBTS s SINKING FUND s TERM DEPOSITS s TOTAL DEBT s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s TREASURY SECURITIES s UNDERWRITER s UNDERWRITERS s ZERO COUPON English en_US This note is part of a broader technical assistance program designed to assist the City of Ulaanbaatar (UB) to improve its financial management system, assess the quality of municipal services provision, and mobilize resources from the capital markets to fund urban infrastructure. This note identifies key issues for UB to consider when putting in place an effective debt management framework prior to acquiring debt. It goes hand-in-hand with a separate "Financial Self-Assessment" that was carried out in preparation for a credit rating 40 17-11-21 00:18:40.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870935 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20047 Volltext, Open Access

1759726362

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:03.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726362 OCoLC 1255599452 WBOKR 20050 EBP 064563375 KEP 064563375 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20050 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Socialist Republic of Vietnam Results-Based National Urban Development Program in the Northern Mountains Region World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK s NATIONAL URBAN PROGRAM s PERFORMANCE-BASED TRANSFER PROGRAM s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE English en_US The proposed Results-Based National Urban Development Program in the Northern Mountains Region (RBNUDP-NM or the Program ) will assist the Government of Vietnam in developing the implementation framework for its national urban program. It will do this by piloting a performance-based transfer system that will provide participating cities with a combination of much needed resources along with a clarification of implementation responsibilities, a results-based orientation, improved planning and a strengthening of oversight and accountability through audits and verification activities. The Program Development Objective is to strengthen the capacity of participating Northern Mountains cities to plan, implement and sustain urban infrastructure. The World Bank s Program-for-Results lending instrument is to be used for this operation. The Program targets the following seven cities Dien Bien Phu, Bac Kan, Cao Bang, Thai Nguyen, Hoa Binh, Tuyen Quang and Yen Bai 40 17-11-21 00:18:40.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870943 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20050 Volltext, Open Access

1759726370

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:03.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726370 OCoLC 1255599235 WBOKR 20048 EBP 064563367 KEP 064563367 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20048 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ulaanbaatar Financial Self-Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Mongolia s ACCOUNTABILITY s AFFORDABLE HOUSING s AUDITING s AUTONOMY s BAILOUTS s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCED BUDGETS s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK LENDERS s BANKRUPTCY s BANKS s BOND s BOND BUYERS s BOND ISSUANCE s BONDHOLDER s BONDS s BORROWER s BORROWING s BORROWING STRATEGY s BUDGETING s CAPITAL ASSET s CAPITAL ASSETS s CAPITAL BUDGETS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CASH BALANCES s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s COLLATERAL s COLLATERALS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s CREDIT ANALYSIS s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATING AGENCY s CREDIT RISKS s CREDITORS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ASSETS s CURRENT EXPENDITURES s DEBT s DEBT INSTRUMENT s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MANAGEMENT POLICIES s DEBT OBLIGATIONS s DEBT OUTSTANDING s DEBT PAYMENT s DEBT PAYMENTS s DEBT REPAYMENT s DEBT SERVICE s DEBTS s DECONCENTRATION s DEFAULTS s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM s ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE ASSIGNMENTS s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEBTS s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL DATA s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL STRENGTH s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL CAPACITY s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FIXED ASSETS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY DEBT s FOREIGN LOANS s FORMAL CREDIT s FUTURE CREDIT s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT CREDIT s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT FINANCES s GOVERNMENT FUNDING s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDING s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME TAX s INCOME-GENERATING ASSETS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTANGIBLE s INTANGIBLE ASSETS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT DECISION s INVESTMENT FINANCING s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JUDGMENT s KEY CHALLENGES s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL OBLIGATION s LENDING AGREEMENTS s LIQUID ASSET s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENTS s LOAN AMOUNT s LOAN PROGRAMS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL ECONOMY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LONG-TERM DEBT s LONG-TERM DEBTS s LONG-TERM EXTERNAL DEBTS s LONG-TERM LIABILITIES s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MANDATES s MARKET PRICE s MARKET VALUE s MARKET VALUES s MORAL HAZARD s MOVABLE ASSETS s MOVABLE PROPERTY s MUNICIPAL BONDS s MUNICIPAL FINANCE s NATIONAL TREASURY s OPERATING EXPENDITURES s OPERATING REVENUE s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s OWN SOURCE REVENUE s PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS s PAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PERSONAL INCOME s PLEDGES s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PROPERTY TAX s PUBLIC CREDIT s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBTS s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s REAL ESTATE s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPAYMENT s RESERVE s RESERVE FUND s RETURNS s REVENUE BOND s REVENUE SOURCES s SALES OF ASSETS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES LAW s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKET LAW s SECURITIES MARKETS s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SINKING FUND s SOVEREIGN GUARANTEE s SOVEREIGN RATING s SOVEREIGN RATINGS s STAMP DUTIES s STOCKS s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUBSIDIARY s TANGIBLE ASSETS s TAX COLLECTION s TAX RATES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TIMELY PAYMENT s TOTAL DEBT s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORTATION SERVICES s TREASURY s TREASURY SECURITIES s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBANIZATION s USER FEES s VALUATION s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY English en_US The note is part of a broader technical assistance program designed to assist the City of Ulaanbaatar (UB) to improve its financial management system, assess the quality of municipal services provision, and mobilize resources from the capital markets to fund urban infrastructure. The note reviews factors that may support or constrain the rating, ultimately impacting the UB's creditworthiness. This assessment comprises of a comprehensive review of the city's economic fundamentals, institutional framework, fiscal performance, debt profile, and governance system. A key component of a credit rating comprises a review of the institutional framework that governs the city's financial system. This includes evaluating the legal framework, regulations, and procedures. The review also elucidates the jurisdictional parameters across levels of governments regarding debt raising and financing, and evaluates the overall quality of decision-making. As in a formal rating, the assessment also examines the operating environment, which is underlined by the sub-sovereign credit rating, and the support range, or the sovereign guarantee available to UB, if any. The exercise aims to reveal capacity gaps and potential areas for strengthening, as well as proposing concrete steps to improve the city's creditworthiness 40 17-11-21 00:18:40.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870951 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20048 Volltext, Open Access

1759726389

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:03.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726389 OCoLC 1255599698 WBOKR 20005 EBP 064563359 KEP 064563359 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20005 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Learning from Local Practices Improving Student Performance in West Bank and Gaza Husein Abdul-Hamid VerfasserIn aut Ernesto Cuadra VerfasserIn aut Manal Quota VerfasserIn aut Noah Yarrow VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa West Bank and Gaza s ACCESS TO SCHOOLING s ACHIEVEMENT LEVEL s ACTIVE PARTICIPATION s ADULTS s ASSESSMENT TOOLS s AVERAGE SCORE s BEHAVIORAL CHANGE s CLASS ACTIVITIES s CLASS DISCUSSIONS s CLASS TIME s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES s CLASSROOM EXPERIENCE s CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION s CLASSROOM LEVEL s CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT s CLASSROOM PERFORMANCE s CLASSROOM PRACTICE s CLASSROOM SPACE s CLASSROOM TEACHER s CLASSROOM TEACHING s CLASSROOM TIME s CLASSROOM VISITS s CLASSROOMS s COLLEGE DEGREE s COLLEGE LEVEL s COMMITMENT TO EDUCATION s COMPUTER SOFTWARE s COOPERATIVE LEARNING s CRITICAL THINKING s CROSS-FERTILIZATION s CURRICULUM s DEGREES s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION s EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION REFORM s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION STRATEGY s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL EXPENDITURES s EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE s EDUCATORS s EFFECTIVE EDUCATION s EFFECTIVE SCHOOLS s EFFECTIVE TEACHERS s EFFECTIVE TEACHING s EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS s ELEMENTARY TEACHERS s ELEMENTS s ENROLLMENT RATES s ENROLLMENT RATIO s ENROLMENT RATE s ENROLMENT RATES s ENROLMENTS s EXAM s EXPENDITURES s EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES s FIELD WORK s FRIENDLY SCHOOL s GENERAL EDUCATION s GIRLS s GRADE LEVELS s GRADE SCIENCE s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO s HIGH SCHOOL s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER GRADES s HIGHER LEARNING s HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s HIGHER STUDENT LEARNING s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INSTRUCTIONAL TIME s INTERACTIVE LEARNING s INTERVENTIONS s JOB SATISFACTION s KNOWLEDGE BASE s LABOUR MARKET s LEADERSHIP s LEARNING s LEARNING IMPACTS s LEARNING MATERIALS s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LESSON PLANNING s LESSON PLANS s LEVEL OF STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LITERATURE s LOW-INCOME STUDENTS s MALE STUDENTS s MATHEMATICS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s NATIONAL ASSESSMENT s NATIONAL ASSESSMENTS s NATIONAL EXAMINATION SYSTEM s NATIONAL EXAMS s NUMBER OF SCHOOLS s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s NUTRITION s OFFICIAL CURRICULUM s PARENT EDUCATION s PARENT PARTICIPATION s PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT s PARENTAL SUPPORT s PARTICIPATION OF STUDENTS s PEER TUTORING s PERFORMANCE IN MATH s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PHYSICAL ABUSE s PHYSICAL EDUCATION s PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS s PROBLEM SOLVING s PROFESSIONAL CAPITAL s PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC SCHOOL s PUBLIC SCHOOLS s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY INSTRUCTION s QUALITY OF TEACHING s QUALITY TEACHING s READING s REFUGEES s RESEARCH LITERATURE s RESEARCHERS s RURAL SCHOOL s SALARY INCREASES s SCHOOL ACTIVITIES s SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION s SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN s SCHOOL BUILDING s SCHOOL BUILDINGS s SCHOOL CLASSROOMS s SCHOOL COMMITTEES s SCHOOL COMMUNITY s SCHOOL CULTURE s SCHOOL DIRECTORS s SCHOOL DUTIES s SCHOOL ENROLMENT s SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT s SCHOOL FACILITIES s SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT s SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE s SCHOOL LEADERS s SCHOOL LEARNING s SCHOOL MANAGEMENT s SCHOOL MAPPING s SCHOOL MATERIALS s SCHOOL PERFORMANCE s SCHOOL PRINCIPALS s SCHOOL PROJECTS s SCHOOL SCIENCE s SCHOOL SPACE s SCHOOL SUPPORT s SCHOOL SYSTEM s SCHOOL SYSTEMS s SCHOOL YEAR s SCHOOLS s SCIENCE INSTRUCTION s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SERVICE TRAINING s SPORTS s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s STUDENT ATTAINMENT s STUDENT ENGAGEMENT s STUDENT INVOLVEMENT s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES s STUDENT OUTCOMES s STUDENT PARTICIPATION s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT POPULATION s STUDENT POPULATIONS s STUDENT SCORES s STUDENT SUPPORT s SUBJECT KNOWLEDGE s SUBJECT MATTER s SUBJECTS s TEACHER s TEACHER CERTIFICATION s TEACHER EDUCATION s TEACHER MONITORING s TEACHER PER SCHOOL s TEACHER PERFORMANCE s TEACHER PREPARATION s TEACHER STANDARDS s TEACHER SUPPORT s TEACHER TEACHER s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHERS s TEACHING METHODS s TEACHING TECHNIQUES s TERMS OF STUDENT PERFORMANCE s TEST SCORES s TRAINING ACTIVITIES s TRAINING OF TEACHERS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TYPES OF SCHOOLS s VISUAL AIDS English en_US The motivation for this study is to contribute to the preparation of the new Palestinian Education Strategy by shedding light on the school and classroom level factors that influence student learning, and to identify good practices that can be generalized from high-performing classrooms to those that need improvement. While most Palestinian children are in school, performance on assessments indicates that many of them are not learning as much as they could. This represents not only inefficiency in the use of public resources, but also a lost opportunity for individual students and the society as a whole. The current study was carried out by the Assessment and Evaluation Department (AED) of the Palestinian Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MoEHE) with technical and financial support from the World Bank. The analysis presented in this paper was prepared by the World Bank team as a complement to a previous paper prepared by a team of experts from AED. For the purposes of this study, schools were classified by student performance in TIMSS 2011 and the 2012 Palestinian national exams. Classroom and school-based tools were then used to gather information from both high and low-performing schools. A total of 122 public, private and United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) schools were surveyed using four different instruments: (i) stalling's classroom observations; (ii) school leadership survey; (iii) teacher survey; and, (iv) school facilities survey, which are all provided in annex one 40 17-11-21 00:18:40.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987096X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20005 Volltext, Open Access

1759726397

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726397 OCoLC 1255599490 WBOKR 20038 EBP 064563340 KEP 064563340 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20038 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tajikistan - Autonomous Adaptation to Climate Change Economic Opportunities and Institutional Constraints for Farming Households World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO IRRIGATION s ACCESS TO JUSTICE s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURE s ARABLE LAND s CLIMATE CHANGE s COLLECTIVE FARMS s COLLECTIVE LAND s COMMON PROPERTY s COMMUNITY LAND s COOPERATIVE FARMS s COPING STRATEGY s CREDIT MARKETS s CROP DIVERSITY s CROP ROTATION s CROP YIELDS s CROPS s DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN s DISEASES s DRAINAGE s DRIP IRRIGATION s DROUGHT s DRY SEASON s ECOLOGICAL ZONES s ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMICS s EGALITARIAN AGRARIAN STRUCTURE s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EQUIPMENT s EXTENSION s EXTENSION SERVICES s FAMILY FARMS s FARM DECISIONS s FARM EMPLOYMENT s FARM IRRIGATION s FARM PRACTICES s FARM PROCESSING s FARM PRODUCTION s FARM PRODUCTS s FARM SIZE s FARM WORK s FARM WORKERS s FARMER s FARMERS s FARMLAND s FARMS s FEMALE FARMERS s FEMALE HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FERTILIZERS s FODDER s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD SECURITY s FOREST MANAGEMENT s FORESTRY SECTOR s GENDER s HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION s HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD PLOTS s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HOUSING s HUMAN RIGHTS s HUNGER s IDIOSYNCRATIC SHOCKS s INCOMES s INEQUALITY s INFORMATION NETWORKS s INSURANCE s IRRIGATION s LACK OF FINANCE s LACK OF INCENTIVES s LACK OF KNOWLEDGE s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND HOLDINGS s LAND LAW s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND REFORM s LAND REFORM PROCESSES s LAND REFORMS s LAND RESOURCES s LAND RIGHTS s LAND TENURE s LAND TITLING s LAND-MANAGEMENT s LIVELIHOODS s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL FARMERS s LOW INCOME s MAJORITY OF FARMERS s MEAT s MILK s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NATURAL DISASTERS s NGOS s ORGANIC PRODUCTION s ORGANIC PRODUCTION METHODS s PASTURE MANAGEMENT s PESTS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POOR SOIL QUALITY s POORER HOUSEHOLDS s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENTS s QUALITATIVE DATA s REDUCED EXPENDITURES s REGIONAL CLIMATE s REGIONAL OFFICE s REGIONAL RISK s RISK MANAGEMENT s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL FAMILIES s RURAL FAMILY s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL INVESTMENT s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RURAL PEOPLE s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL PRODUCTION s RURAL SECTOR s RURAL VULNERABILITY s RURAL WOMEN s SAVINGS s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SMALL FARMERS s SMALL FARMS s SMALLHOLDER FARMERS s SOILS s SUBSISTENCE s SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s WAR s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER FOR IRRIGATION s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER USE s WATER USERS s WORKING CONDITIONS pha English en_US Climate change presents significant threats to sustainable poverty reduction in Tajikistan. The primary impacts on rural livelihoods are expected to stem from reduced water quantity and quality (affecting agriculture), and increased frequency and severity of disasters. Options for farming households to autonomously adapt (and thereby move from climate vulnerability to resilience) include adoption of on-farm and off-farm measures. Farmland restructuring and the promotion of innovative rural production and land management measures have the potential to incentivize productivity and sustainable practices and reduce vulnerability, but achieving these objectives will rest on the behavioral responses of beneficiaries. In this context, assessing existing practices, as well as understanding institutional constraints to adaptation is crucial to improving economic opportunities for Tajik households and reducing vulnerability through well-designed interventions. This note examines the role of institutional factors (land tenure, legal security, and gender agency) in autonomous adaptation and improved resilience of rural communities through strategies for coping with climate-related shocks, sustainable land management practices, and income diversification. The note analyzes the extent to which differences in land rights are associated with differences in adaptation strategies and outcomes. The study focuses on two of Tajikistan s four main administrative divisions: Khatlon and Sughd districts. This note relies on a survey of farming households and a qualitative study that were undertaken specifically for this analysis. The note is structured as follows: section one give introduction. Section two describes land tenure arrangements, gender-related constraints, and sustainable land management practices in Tajikistan. Section three discusses the shocks experienced by households and the coping strategies used (including on-farm and off-farm strategies). Section four analyzes the determinants of knowledge and adoption of sustainable land management practices and on-farm investment. Section five concludes with policy recommendations to enable effective climate change adaptation by farming households 40 17-11-21 00:18:40.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870978 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20038 Volltext, Open Access

1759726400

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726400 OCoLC 1255599457 WBOKR 20007 EBP 064563332 KEP 064563332 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20007 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India Food Security and Nutrition in Tribal Areas World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO FOOD s ACCESS TO GOVERNMENT s ACCESS TO GOVERNMENT SERVICES s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER s ACUTE MALNUTRITION s AGED s AGGRESSIVE s AGRICULTURAL SEASON s AGRICULTURE s ALCOHOLISM s ANTENATAL CARE s BASIC HEALTH s BASIC HEALTH SERVICES s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s BENEFICIARY COMMUNITIES s BLINDNESS s BREASTFEEDING s CALORIE INTAKE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CARBOHYDRATES s CASH INCOME s CEREALS s CHILD DEVELOPMENT s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD NUTRITION s CHILDBIRTH s CHRONIC FOOD INSECURITY s CHRONIC MALNUTRITION s CLEAN DRINKING WATER s CLEAN WATER s COMMUNITY GROUPS s COMMUNITY HEALTH s COMMUNITY NUTRITION s COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS s COMPLEMENTARY FOODS s CONFLICT s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s COOKING s DAY CARE s DIETARY DIVERSITY s DRINKING WATER s ECOLOGICAL ZONES s EGGS s EGS s EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE SCHEME s EPIDEMIOLOGY s EXERCISES s FAMILIES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FAMINES s FATS s FOLIC ACID s FOOD ACCESS s FOOD AVAILABILITY s FOOD BASKET s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD ENTITLEMENTS s FOOD EXPENDITURE s FOOD FOR ALL s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD INTAKE s FOOD POLICY s FOOD POLICY RESEARCH s FOOD PREFERENCES s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SHORTAGE s FOOD SYSTEM s FOOD SYSTEMS s FRUITS s GRAIN QUALITY s GRAINS s HAND WASHING s HANDWASHING s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX s HYGIENE s HYPERTENSION s IMMUNIZATION s INCOME GENERATION s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME ON FOOD s INCOME POVERTY s INEQUALITY s INFECTIOUS DISEASES s INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE s INTERVENTION s IRON s IRRIGATION s ISOLATION s LAND ACQUISITION s LAND MANAGEMENT s LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES s LIVING STANDARDS s MALNUTRITION s MEAL s MEAT s MEDICAL RESEARCH s MICRO-CREDIT s MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES s MILK s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s NURSES s NUT s NUTRIENT ABSORPTION s NUTRITION s NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS s NUTRITION OUTCOMES s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s OBESITY s PEDIATRICS s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s POOR HEALTH s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s PREGNANCY s PREMATURE BIRTH s PRESCHOOL CHILDREN s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PROTEIN s PROTEINS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SAFETY NETS s QUALITATIVE DATA s REGIONAL DIFFERENCES s RESEARCH PROGRAM s RICE s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL EMPLOYMENT s RURAL HEALTH s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RURAL PEOPLE s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATIONS s RURAL POVERTY s SAFETY NETS s SANITATION s SANITATION SERVICES s SAVINGS s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SMOKING s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL EXCLUSION s STAPLE FOODS s STARVATION s VACCINATION s VEGETABLES s VITAMINS s WASTE s WATER USE s WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME s WORLD FOOD SUMMIT pha English en_US This study seeks to examine how National Rural Livelihoods Mission or NRLM may be leveraged to improve food and nutrition security (FNS) in tribal areas, preferably in a manner that would enhance the effectiveness of the program's core livelihoods focus. More broadly, the objective is to strengthen the capacity of the Government of India (GoI) to deliver (or support) effective FNS interventions in tribal and backward areas (TABAs). As such, the study aims to do the following: develop the evidence base on those constraints which STs face with regard to achieving food security and favorable nutritional outcomes; examine approaches which have been used to address issues of poor nutrition elsewhere in India or abroad to identify interventions that could be effective in tribal areas; and Recommend models for improving FNS in tribal areas within the context of NRLM. The primary focus of this work is operationally oriented toward identifying entry points for NRLM to address tribal malnutrition as it expands into states with larger tribal communities, particularly Jharkhand and Odisha 40 17-11-21 00:18:40.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870986 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20007 Volltext, Open Access

1759726419

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:04.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726419 OCoLC 1255599692 WBOKR 20035 EBP 064563324 KEP 064563324 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20035 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Government of Karnataka Public Financial Management Reform Action Plan, 2014, Volume 2. Appendix World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCOUNT s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s APPROPRIATIONS s ARREARS s ASSETS s AUDIT REPORTS s AUDITING s AUDITING PROCEDURES s AUDITS s BANKS s BOOK VALUE s BUDGET CONSTRAINT s BUDGET CUTS s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET FORMULATION s BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET PERFORMANCE s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CASH BALANCES s CASH MANAGEMENT s CASH OUTFLOW s CENTRAL TAXES s COMMERCIAL TAXES s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CREDIBILITY s CROP LOAN s DEBT s DEBT LEVEL s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT PARAMETERS s DEBT POSITION s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICING s DEPENDENT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS s DEPOSITS s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DOMESTIC BORROWINGS s E-PAYMENTS s ECONOMIC ASSUMPTIONS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYEE PAYMENTS s ENDOWMENTS s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY CONTRIBUTION s EVASION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPLICIT SUBSIDIES s EXTERNAL BORROWING s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ADVISOR s FINANCIAL ADVISORS s FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL YEARS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL INFORMATION s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY s FISCAL TRANSPARENCY s FRAUD s GOOD PRACTICE s GOOD PRACTICES s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s HARD BUDGET s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INSTALLMENT s INSTALLMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CRISIS s JUDICIARY s LACK OF AWARENESS s LATE PAYMENT s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIABILITY s LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s LOAN WAIVER s LOSS OF REVENUE s MAKING PAYMENTS s MANDATE s MANDATES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL SECURITY s OUTSTANDING DEBT s PAYMENT OF EXPENDITURES s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PAYROLL s PENSION s PENSIONS s PROCUREMENTS s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC WORKS s RECEIPTS s RECESSION s REPAYMENT s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RETURNS s REVENUE SOURCES s RULES OF PROCEDURE s SALARIES s SAVINGS s SETTLEMENT s SHARE CAPITAL s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOURCES OF INCOME s STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES s STATUTORY PROVISIONS s SUPERANNUATION s TAX s TAX ARREARS s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX RETURNS s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAXATION s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS English en_US The main report comprises the following chapters: executive summary provides the overall view of the reform action plan. Chapter one outlines the background, scope and methodology for the study; chapter two outlines the overview of the state finances; chapter three describe the accomplishments made against the 2004 agreed PFMA action plan; chapter four provides an overview of the analysis, gaps and recommendations made in the study; chapter five describes the way forward for implementation of the action plan; annex one: PFM reform action plan - 2014 contains a thematic-wise plan outlining the actions to be taken, the responsible department for the actions, and the expected timeframe for completing the actions. The detailed analysis of the issues and the logic for the action plan are provided in the respective sections of the appendix; annex two: 2004 PFMA action plan, outlines the current status of action taken on 2004 PFMA action plan: this contains the action plan as proposed in the 2004 report, updated with the current status of actions in the identified areas. In case where the actions have been taken and completed by the Government of Karnataka, the impact has been documented. The appendix comprises the following sections: section one: theme one: strengthening PFM legal and institutional framework; section two: theme two: enhancing comprehensiveness and credibility of the budget; section three: theme three: strengthening accounting, reporting, controls, and transparency; section four: theme four: improving fiscal assets and liability management system; section five: theme five: strengthening audit and legislative oversight; section six: theme six: improving PFM in local self-governments; section seven: theme six: improving PFM in public sector undertakings (state owned); each section describes the various areas of public financial management in the Government of Karnataka grouped into thematic reform areas. Each reform area has a discussion of the background, the reform actions proposed in the 2004 PFMA action plan, the progress of reforms over the last decade, the issues presently identified, and the rationale for the reform actions proposed; and section eight: 2014 action plan: this section describes the action plan with next steps to be followed under each activity of the action plan 40 17-11-21 00:18:40.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939870994 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20035 Volltext, Open Access

1759726427

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:04.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726427 OCoLC 1255599375 WBOKR 20036 EBP 064563316 KEP 064563316 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20036 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Government of Karnataka Public Financial Management Reform Action Plan, 2014, Volume 1. Main Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY FRAMEWORK s ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISM s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING SYSTEM s ACCOUNTING TREATMENT s ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING s ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING SYSTEM s ACCRUAL BASIS s AGGREGATE FISCAL s AGGREGATE FISCAL MANAGEMENT s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s APPROPRIATION s APPROPRIATIONS s ARREARS s ASSET LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s ASSET PORTFOLIO s ASSET-LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s AUDIT FINDINGS s AUDIT SYSTEM s AUDITING s AUDITORS s AUDITS s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANKS s BENEFICIARIES s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CIRCULARS s BUDGET CONTROL s BUDGET CREDIBILITY s BUDGET CYCLE s BUDGET DATA s BUDGET DEVELOPMENT s BUDGET DOCUMENTATION s BUDGET DOCUMENTS s BUDGET ENVELOPE s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET FORMULATION s BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION s BUDGET OUTTURN s BUDGET OUTTURNS s BUDGET PASSAGE s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET PROPOSALS s BUDGET REQUIREMENTS s BUDGETARY EXPENDITURE s BUDGETARY PROCESSES s BUDGETING s BUDGETING PROCESS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPACITY ENHANCEMENTS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL SPENDING s CASH FLOW s CASH MANAGEMENT s CASH PLANNING s CASH RATIONING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CHECKS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIT SYSTEM s DATA COLLECTION s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT SERVICING s DECISION-MAKING s DECISION-MAKING PROCESS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS s DISBURSEMENTS s DISCLOSURE GUIDELINES s DONOR AGENCIES s EFFECTIVENESS OF SERVICE DELIVERY s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE COMMITMENTS s EXPENDITURE DATA s EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s EXPENDITURE REQUIREMENTS s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL AUDIT s FIDUCIARY RESPONSIBILITIES s FINANCE STAFF s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL INFORMATION s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL POLICY FRAMEWORK s FISCAL POSITION s FISCAL REFORMS s FISCAL RISKS s FISCAL RULES s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL TARGETS s FISCAL TRANSPARENCY s GOVERNMENT FINANCES s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS PUBLIC DEBT s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s INDEPENDENT AUDITOR s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST COSTS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROLS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATIVE REVIEW OF BUDGET EXECUTION s LEGISLATIVE SCRUTINY s LETTER OF CREDIT s LIABILITY s LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENTS s MANDATES s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM FISCAL PLAN s MIGRATION s MISAPPROPRIATION s MODEL CODE s NATURAL DISASTERS s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE s OWN SOURCE REVENUE s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PENSION s PENSIONS s PERFORMANCE ORIENTATION s PERIODIC REVIEW s PORTFOLIO s PROCUREMENT FUNCTION s PRUDENT FISCAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC ACCOUNT s PUBLIC ACCOUNTS s PUBLIC COMPANIES s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s PUBLIC FUNDING s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT SPENDING s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR ENTITIES s PUBLIC WORKS s REFORM ACTIONS s REFORM AGENDA s REFORM OBJECTIVES s REFORM PROCESS s REFORM STRATEGY s REPAYMENT s RESERVE s RESERVE FUNDS s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RETURNS s REVENUE EXPENDITURES s REVENUE FORECASTING s SAVINGS s SERVICE DELIVERY s STATE BUDGET s STATE GOVERNMENT s STATE TREASURY s STOCKS s SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTION s TAX s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX STRUCTURE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TIMELY PAYMENT s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURIES s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY FUNCTION s TREASURY MANAGEMENT s TREASURY SYSTEM s TREASURY SYSTEMS s URBAN DEVELOPMENT English en_US The main report comprises the following chapters: executive summary provides the overall view of the reform action plan. Chapter one outlines the background, scope and methodology for the study; chapter two outlines the overview of the state finances; chapter three describe the accomplishments made against the 2004 agreed PFMA action plan; chapter four provides an overview of the analysis, gaps and recommendations made in the study; chapter five describes the way forward for implementation of the action plan; annex one: PFM reform action plan - 2014 contains a thematic-wise plan outlining the actions to be taken, the responsible department for the actions, and the expected timeframe for completing the actions. The detailed analysis of the issues and the logic for the action plan are provided in the respective sections of the appendix; annex two: 2004 PFMA action plan, outlines the current status of action taken on 2004 PFMA action plan: this contains the action plan as proposed in the 2004 report, updated with the current status of actions in the identified areas. In case where the actions have been taken and completed by the Government of Karnataka, the impact has been documented. The appendix comprises the following sections: section one: theme one: strengthening PFM legal and institutional framework; section two: theme two: enhancing comprehensiveness and credibility of the budget; section three: theme three: strengthening accounting, reporting, controls, and transparency; section four: theme four: improving fiscal assets and liability management system; section five: theme five: strengthening audit and legislative oversight; section six: theme six: improving PFM in local self-governments; section seven: theme six: improving PFM in public sector undertakings (state owned); each section describes the various areas of public financial management in the Government of Karnataka grouped into thematic reform areas. Each reform area has a discussion of the background, the reform actions proposed in the 2004 PFMA action plan, the progress of reforms over the last decade, the issues presently identified, and the rationale for the reform actions proposed; and section eight: 2014 action plan: this section describes the action plan with next steps to be followed under each activity of the action plan 40 17-11-21 00:18:40.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871001 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20036 Volltext, Open Access

1759726435

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:04.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726435 OCoLC 1255599867 WBOKR 20129 EBP 064563308 KEP 064563308 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20129 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kazakhstan Legislation for Allocation of Mining Exploration Rights Report 1. Allocation of Exploration Rights for Mining in a Sample of Major Global Mining Countries World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s AIRBORNE GEOPHYSICS s ARBITRATION s ARBITRATION LAWS s AUCTION s AUCTION SYSTEM s AUCTIONS s AUDITS s AUTOMATION s BANK DEPOSIT s BANK GUARANTEE s BASIC s BEST PRACTICES s BID s BOND s BUSINESS CYCLE s CADASTRE s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPITAL STOCK s CASH FLOWS s COAL s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s CONCESSION HOLDER s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s COPPER s COPPER MINES s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE TAX RATE s CREDIT RATING s DATA MANAGEMENT s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DIVIDENDS s DOUBLE TAX s DRILLING s ECONOMIC VALUE s ECONOMICS s ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE CERTIFICATE s ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXCHANGE RATES s EXCISE TAX s EXCLUSIVE RIGHT s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES s EXPLORATION ACTIVITY s EXPLORATION CONCESSION s EXPLORATION CONCESSIONS s EXPLORATION COSTS s EXPLORATION EFFORTS s EXPLORATION FUNDS s EXPLORATION LICENCE s EXPLORATION PERIOD s EXPLORATION PERMIT s EXPROPRIATION s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FISH s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTOR s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN MINING s FORESTRY s FRAUD s GAS s GEOCHEMICAL SURVEYS s GEOLOGICAL DATA s GEOLOGICAL INFORMATION s GEOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE s GEOLOGICAL MAPPING s GEOLOGICAL MAPS s GEOLOGICAL SURVEY s GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS s GEOLOGY s GOLD s GOLD DEPOSITS s GOLD PRODUCTION s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s HEALTH AND SAFETY s HOLDING s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME TAX s INDEPENDENT JUDICIARY s INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES s INDUSTRIAL MINERALS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s IRON s IRON ORE s LEASE HOLDER s LEGAL OBLIGATIONS s LEGAL SYSTEMS s LEVY s LITHIUM s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MANGANESE s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET VALUE s METALLIC MINES s METALLURGICAL TECHNOLOGY s METALS s MINE WASTES s MINERAL AGREEMENT s MINERAL AGREEMENTS s MINERAL DEPOSIT s MINERAL DEPOSITS s MINERAL ECONOMICS s MINERAL EXPLORATION s MINERAL EXPORTS s MINERAL INDUSTRY s MINERAL INVESTMENT s MINERAL LEGISLATION s MINERAL POTENTIAL s MINERAL PRODUCTION s MINERAL PRODUCTION SHARING AGREEMENT s MINERAL PRODUCTS s MINERAL RESERVATIONS s MINERAL RESERVES s MINERAL RESOURCE s MINERAL RESOURCES s MINERAL RIGHTS s MINERAL SECTOR s MINERALS s MINERALS EXPLORATION s MINERALS INDUSTRY s MINERALS SECTOR s MINES s MINING ACTIVITIES s MINING AREA s MINING AREAS s MINING COMPANIES s MINING COMPANY s MINING CONCESSIONS s MINING CONTRACTORS s MINING COUNTRIES s MINING DEVELOPMENT s MINING EQUIPMENT s MINING INDUSTRY s MINING INVESTMENT s MINING LAW s MINING LEASES s MINING LEGISLATION s MINING LICENCE s MINING OPERATION s MINING OPERATIONS s MINING POLICY s MINING PROJECT s MINING PROJECT FEASIBILITY s MINING REGIONS s MINING RIGHTS s MINING SECTOR s MINING SECTOR POLICY s MINING TAX RATE s MINING TECHNOLOGY s MINING TITLE s MINING TITLES s MOLYBDENUM s MONITORING EQUIPMENT s MORTGAGE s NATIONAL MINING s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET WORTH s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s NEW TECHNOLOGY s NICKEL s OIL s ORES s PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POLITICAL RISK s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s POLLUTION s PRESENT VALUE s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRODUCERS s PROPERTY RIGHT s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROSPECTING s PUBLIC HEARINGS s PUBLIC LAND s PUBLIC LANDS s REAL PROPERTY s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY PRACTICES s REGULATORY SYSTEM s REMITTANCES s RESERVE s RESERVED AREAS s RESOURCES INDUSTRY s RETURN s RETURN ON INVESTMENT s RETURNS s REVENUE SHARING s RULE OF LAW s SAFETY AND HEALTH s SAFETY REGULATIONS s SETTLEMENT s SILVER s SMALL SCALE s STOCK MARKETS s STRATEGIC METALS s SUSTAINABILITY s TAILINGS s TAX RATES s TAX REGIME s TECHNICAL ASPECTS s TIMBER s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COST s TRANSPARENCY s TREATIES s USABILITY s VIBRANT MINING INDUSTRY s WITHDRAWAL s WITHHOLDING TAXES s ZINC English en_US This study has been undertaken to provide input to the Government of Kazakhstan on mineral exploration policy. The purpose is to offer advice for policy reform in the mineral sector. It examines best practices in licencing and regulation for mineral exploration. It will review common best practices which pertain to mineral exploration on a world-wide basis. It will also provide examples of countries which have instituted best practices in their legislation and how that has assisted in attracting foreign investment in the sector. Countries which will be studied are Australia (Western Australia), Chile, Sweden, Ghana and the Philippines. Other countries are discussed to provide a necessary example of the need for transparency, consistency and fairness. These are Argentina and Mongolia. Information on each of these countries is different depending upon the transparency of information that is available. This study has attempted to show how these countries have dealt with international investment through policy and legislative initiatives 40 17-11-21 00:18:41.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987101X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20129 Volltext, Open Access

1759726443

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:04.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726443 OCoLC 1255599694 WBOKR 20128 EBP 064563294 KEP 064563294 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20128 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kazakhstan Legislation for Allocation of Mining Exploration Rights Report 2. Applicability of Results from Report 1 in Kazakhstan and Recommendations on Potential Policy Changes in Kazakhstan World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES s ARBITRATION s AUCTION s AUCTION SYSTEM s AUCTIONS s BANK GUARANTEE s BASIC s BEST PRACTICE s BID s BIDS s BOUNDARIES s CADASTRE s COMMUNITIES s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVE TENDER s COMPLEXITY s CONTRACTORS s CONTRACTS FOR SALE s CREDITORS s DATA MANAGEMENT s DEBTORS s DECISION-MAKING s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DISCOVERY s DISCUSSION s DISCUSSIONS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DOCUMENTS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMICS s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPLORATION s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTOR s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GOOD PRACTICE s HOLDING s HOST COUNTRY s INCOME s INDEPENDENT JUDICIARY s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING s INSTRUMENT s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTING s ISSUANCE s LABOUR s LABOUR FORCE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LENDERS s LIQUIDATION s MARKET PRICE s MEDIA s MODEL CONTRACTS s MOTIVATION s NATIONAL SECURITY s PLEDGES s POLITICAL ISSUES s POTENTIAL INVESTMENT s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFIT MARGIN s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC FUNDS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVE s RESERVES s SAFETY s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKET s SETTLEMENT s STOCK EXCHANGES s TECHNICAL ASPECTS s THINKING s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY English en_US This study has been undertaken to provide input to the Government of Kazakhstan on mineral exploration policy. The purpose is to offer advice for policy reform in the mineral sector. It examines best practices in licencing and regulation for mineral exploration. It will review common best practices which pertain to mineral exploration on a world-wide basis. It will also provide examples of countries which have instituted best practices in their legislation and how that has assisted in attracting foreign investment in the sector. Countries which will be studied are Australia (Western Australia), Chile, Sweden, Ghana and the Philippines. Other countries are discussed to provide a necessary example of the need for transparency, consistency and fairness. These are Argentina and Mongolia. Information on each of these countries is different depending upon the transparency of information that is available. This study has attempted to show how these countries have dealt with international investment through policy and legislative initiatives 40 17-11-21 00:18:41.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871028 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20128 Volltext, Open Access

1759726451

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:04.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726451 OCoLC 1255599901 WBOKR 20061 EBP 064563286 KEP 064563286 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20061 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Leveling the Field for Renewables Mexico's New Policy Framework for Incorporating External Costs of Electricity Generation World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Mexico s ABATEMENT s ACID s ACID RAIN s ACIDIFICATION s AGRICULTURAL CROPS s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s ALLOWANCE TRADING s AMBIENT AIR s AMMONIA s ANNUAL EMISSIONS s APPROACH s ATMOSPHERE s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BENEFIT COST ANALYSIS s BIOMASS s BIRD SPECIES s BLACK CARBON s CALCULATION s CARBON CAPTURE s CARBON CREDITS s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON MARKET s CARBON MONOXIDE s CARBON PRICE s CARBON PRICES s CARBON TAXES s CLEAN COAL s CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM s CLEAN ENERGY s CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATOLOGY s CLOUD COVER s CO s CO2 s COAL s COAL CONSUMPTION s COAL GENERATION s COAL RESERVES s COMBUSTION s COMPENSATING WAGE DIFFERENTIALS s CONTINGENT VALUATION s COOLING SYSTEMS s COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS s COST OF ELECTRICITY s COST-BENEFIT ANALYSES s COSTS OF ELECTRICITY s COSTS OF EMISSIONS s COSTS OF EXTERNALITIES s CRUDE OIL s CYCLE TECHNOLOGIES s CYCLE TECHNOLOGY s DEBT s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DIESEL s DISCOUNT RATES s DISPERSION ANALYSIS s DISPERSION MODELING s DISPERSION MODELS s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DIVERGENCE s ECOLOGY s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC COSTS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS s ECONOMICS s ECONOMISTS s ECOSYSTEM s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRIC SYSTEM s ELECTRIC UTILITY s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CAPACITY s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SYSTEM s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s ELECTRIFICATION s EMISSION s EMISSION REDUCTIONS s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS DATA s EMISSIONS FACTORS s EMISSIONS INVENTORIES s EMISSIONS LIMITS s EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS s EMISSIONS STANDARDS s EMISSIONS TARGETS s EMISSIONS TAXES s ENERGY CONSERVATION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY PLANNING s ENERGY POLICIES s ENERGY PRODUCTION s ENERGY REQUIREMENTS s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY STRATEGY s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS s ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXTERNAL COSTS s FISHERIES s FORESTRY s FOSSIL s FOSSIL ENERGY s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUEL POWER s FOSSIL FUEL POWER PLANTS s FOSSIL FUELS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FUEL OIL s FUEL PRICES s GAS TURBINES s GASOLINE s GEOTHERMAL CAPACITY s GEOTHERMAL ENERGY s GEOTHERMAL POWER s GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT s GEOTHERMAL PROJECT s GHG s GLOBAL EMISSIONS s GLOBAL PRECIPITATION s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE EFFECT s GREENHOUSE GAS s HEAVY FUEL OIL s HYDRO PLANT s HYDRO POWER s HYDROCARBONS s HYDROELECTRIC PLANTS s HYDROPOWER s HYDROXYL s HYDROXYL RADICALS s INTERNAL COMBUSTION s INTERNATIONAL CARBON MARKETS s IPCC s KILOWATT HOUR s KILOWATT-HOUR s LAND USE s LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS s LNG s LOW-CARBON s MARKET PRICES s METEOROLOGICAL DATA s METEOROLOGY s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS USE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEGATIVE IMPACT s NEGATIVE IMPACTS s NH3 s NITRATES s NITROGEN s NITROGEN OXIDES s NOX s NUCLEAR ENERGY s O3 s OZONE s PARTICULATE s PARTICULATE MATTER s PARTICULATES s PEAK DEMAND s PIPELINE s PM10 s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY INSTRUMENTS s POLICY MAKERS s POLLUTANTS s POLLUTION CONCENTRATION s POWER s POWER CAPACITY s POWER GENERATION s POWER PLANTS s POWER PRODUCER s POWER PRODUCERS s POWER SECTOR s POWER SYSTEM s POWER SYSTEMS s PRECIPITATION s PRESENT VALUE s PRIMARY ENERGY s PRIMARY ENERGY PRODUCTION s PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY s PRODUCTION COSTS s PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY s PURCHASING POWER s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS s RENEWABLE PORTFOLIO STANDARD s RENEWABLE PORTFOLIO STANDARDS s RENEWABLE SOURCES s SO2 s SOCIAL COST OF CARBON s SOCIAL COSTS s SOLAR RADIATION s STEAM TURBINE s SULFATE s SULFATES s SULFUR s SULFUR CONTENT s SULFUR DIOXIDE s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TAX POLICIES s TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE s TEMPERATURE s TONS OF CARBON s TONS OF NITROGEN OXIDES s TONS OF SULFUR DIOXIDE s TOTAL EMISSIONS s TRANSMISSION INTERCONNECTION s UNIT OPERATIONS s UTILITIES s VARIABLE COSTS s VOC s VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS s WAGES s WILLINGNESS TO PAY s WIND s WIND DIRECTION s WIND FARM s WIND FARMS s WIND PROJECT s WTP English en Mexico has started a number of efforts to develop adequate policy frameworks in several areas including the energy sector, transportation and industrial policies, and forestry and natural resources management. Its Climate Change Law and the National Strategy on Climate Change envision is changing the upward trend of its carbon dioxide emissions towards a total decline of emission of thirty percent by 2020, and fifty percent by 2050. Achieving these ambitious policy goals is challenging for the country and will require many distinct efforts to mainstream climate change in policy design. Careful economic analysis will be critical to effectively reduce emissions while allowing for sustainable development. The policy evaluated in the study is part of Mexico's policy framework to promote renewable energy. The Ministry of Energy in Mexico, SENER, has issued a Methodology to incorporate external costs of electricity generation. While external costs are not privative of fossil energy, the Mexican government has started this process by focusing on the external costs on health and climate change, two of the main impacts of energy use. The study analyzes the potential of this new policy to help Mexico in its energy and environmental goals. It is organized into five chapters: (i) Introduction; (ii) Mexico s Policy Context for Incorporating Externalities; (iii) Valuation of Externalities; (iv) Internalizing Externalities; and (v) Conclusion. Included are four annexes: Method to Value Externalities for Mexico's Electricity Generation; Investment Plan in the Power Sector in Mexico; Modeling Framework and Methodology; and Project Valuation with Environmental Externalities 40 17-11-21 00:18:41.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871036 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20061 Volltext, Open Access

175972646X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972646X OCoLC 1255599458 WBOKR 20120 EBP 064563278 KEP 064563278 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20120 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rapid Damage, Loss and Needs Assessment of Winter Storm Alexa A Report by the Palestinian Authority Dana Erekat VerfasserIn aut Alaa Nofal VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa West Bank and Gaza s ACCESS ROADS s ACCIDENTS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AIR s BLANKETS s BOTTLENECKS s CASUALTIES s CASUALTY s CIVIL DEFENSE s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMUNITY NETWORKS s CONTINGENCY PLANNING s DAMAGE ASSESSMENT s DAMAGE ASSESSMENTS s DAMAGED HOUSES s DAMAGES s DECENTRALIZATION s DECLARATION s DISASTER s DISASTER PREVENTION s DISASTER RECOVERY s DISASTER REDUCTION s DISASTER RESPONSE s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTERS s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DRAINAGE s EARLY WARNING s EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS s EARTHQUAKE s EARTHQUAKES s EMERGENCIES s EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT s EMERGENCY OPERATIONS s EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EMERGENCY SUPPORT s EMERGENCY TEAMS s EMPLOYMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTER s EVACUATION s EVACUATION ROUTES s EVACUATIONS s EXPLOSIVES s EXTREME WEATHER s EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS s FARMERS s FATALITIES s FIRES s FLOOD s FLOODED s FLOODING s FLOODS s FOOD DISTRIBUTION s FOOD SECURITY s FUEL s GENERATOR s GENERATORS s HEAVY RAINFALL s HOUSING s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s LANDSLIDES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL ROADS s METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT s MUNICIPALITIES s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARD s NATURAL HAZARDS s NATURAL RESOURCES s PEAK DEMAND s PHYSICAL DAMAGES s POPULATION DENSITY s PORT INFRASTRUCTURE s PRICE CHANGES s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC WORKS s RECONSTRUCTION s RECOVERY OPERATIONS s REDUCING POVERTY s RELIEF s RESCUE s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s ROAD s ROAD ACCIDENTS s ROAD CONDITIONS s ROAD DAMAGE s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROADS s ROUTE s SAFETY s SANITATION s SEWAGE s SNOW STORM s STREETS s TEMPORARY SHELTER s TRAFFIC s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE s TRUCKS s TSUNAMIS s TUNNELS s VEHICLE s VEHICLES s WATER METERS s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SUPPLY s WINTER STORM s WINTER STORMS s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION English en_US Winter storm Alexa, which hit the West Bank and Gaza from December 11 to 14, 2013, was one of the strongest storms to arrive in five decades. Coordination during the emergency highlighted the inadequacy of the region's disaster preparedness plans - neither the West Bank nor Gaza had a disaster risk management (DRM) framework or policies in place. The report lays the groundwork for implementing a longer-term DRM framework within the West Bank and Gaza, and for international partners' assistance in doing so. It estimates the physical damages and economic losses in the water and sanitation, transport, energy, housing, and agriculture sectors because they endured most of the storm's impacts. Furthermore, the report explores ways to strengthen emergency management capacity, improve coordination between central and local governments, and establish a decentralized decision-support system. One of the major findings of the report was that agriculture and livestock was the most affected sector, accounting for 65 percent of the total damages and losses. Given the increased frequency of extreme weather events, and the increased economy shocks that follows, the assessment strongly recommends developing and adopting a DRM policy, which would comprise of both a legal framework and risk reduction activities across sectors. The assessment is organized into four sections: (i) an introduction that includes an overview of disaster facts and an assessment methodology; (ii) economic and social impacts; (iii) damage and losses and impact on human development, broken down into sectors; and (iv) recovery and needs, broken down into sectors. There are also two appendixes, one on "Participants in the Rapid Assessment," and the other on "Existing DRM Initiatives in West Bank and Gaza." Included are also maps, photographs from a spacecraft, tables, and charts 40 17-11-21 00:18:41.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871044 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20120 Volltext, Open Access

1759726478

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726478 OCoLC 1255599915 WBOKR 19507 EBP 06456326X KEP 06456326X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19507 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Great Teachers How to Raise Student Learning in Latin America and the Caribbean--Overview Barbara Bruns VerfasserIn aut Javier Luque VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean s BASIC EDUCATION s CRITICAL THINKING s DEMANDS ON TEACHERS s EDUCATION RESEARCH s GLOBAL TEACHING REFORMS s PRESCHOOL s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PROBLEM-SOLVING s SECONDARY EDUCATION s TEACHER PERFORMANCE s TEACHER POLICY English en_US While the importance of good teaching may be intuitively obvious, only over the past decade has education research begun to quantify the high economic stakes around teacher quality. In a world where the goals of national education systems are being transformed, from a focus on the transmission of facts and memorization to a focus on student competencies for critical thinking, problem solving and lifelong learning the demands on teachers are more complex than ever. Governments across the world have put teacher quality and teacher performance under increasing scrutiny. The Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region is no exception to these trends; indeed, in some key areas of teacher policy, the region is at the vanguard of global reform experience. The study aims to benchmark the current performance of LAC s teachers and identify key issues. It shares emerging evidence on important reforms of teacher policy being implemented in Lac countries. The study also analyzes the political room for maneuver for further reform in Lac. They focus on teachers in basic education (preschools, primary and secondary education) because the quantitative and qualitative challenges of producing effective teachers at these levels differ in key ways from university-level education, which has been addressed in other recent World Bank publications 40 17-11-21 00:18:41.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871052 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19507 Volltext, Open Access

1759726486

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726486 OCoLC 1255599697 WBOKR 19319 EBP 064563251 KEP 064563251 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19319 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India Policy of Notes on Power World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ABATEMENT s ABSORPTION s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s AFFORDABLE ENERGY s AIR s AIR CONDITIONERS s ALLOCATION s APPLIANCE STANDARDS s APPROACH s AUCTION s AVAILABILITY s BARRIERS TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY s BIO ENERGY s BIO-ENERGY s BIOMASS s BIOMASS ENERGY s BOILER s BOILERS s BOTTOM LINE s BUILDING CODES s BUILDING MATERIALS s CAPITAL COSTS s CARBON s CARBON CAPTURE s CARBON CREDITS s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS s CARBON ECONOMY s CARBON FOOTPRINT s CARBON MARKET s CARBON PRICE s CARBON REDUCTIONS s CERTIFICATION CENTER s CLEAN ENERGY s CLEAN ENERGY ECONOMY s CLEAN ENERGY INITIATIVE s CLEAN ENERGY SUPPLY s CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES s CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY s CLEAN TECHNOLOGY s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE SCIENTISTS s CLIMATE ZONES s CLIMATE-CHANGE s CO s CO2 s COAL s COGENERATION s COLORS s CONDITIONERS s CONSUMER BEHAVIOR s CONSUMER DEMAND s CONVENTIONAL BOILERS s DEMAND RESPONSE s DIESEL s DOMESTIC SOURCES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC GROWTH RATE s ECOSYSTEM s EFFICIENT BUILDINGS s EFFICIENT EQUIPMENT s EFFICIENT LIGHTING s ELECTRIC VEHICLES s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s EMISSION s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSION REDUCTION TARGETS s EMISSION TRADING s EMISSIONS REDUCTION s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY AUDITS s ENERGY BILL s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY DEVELOPMENT s ENERGY ECONOMICS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES s ENERGY INTENSIVE s ENERGY MARKET s ENERGY NEEDS s ENERGY PLANNING s ENERGY POLICIES s ENERGY POLICY s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY PRODUCTION s ENERGY RESOURCES s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SECURITY s ENERGY SERVICE s ENERGY SERVICE COMPANY s ENERGY SOURCE s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY STRATEGY s ENERGY TRANSFORMATION s ENERGY USAGE s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s FEASIBILITY s FINANCIAL BARRIERS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MECHANISMS s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FLUORESCENT LAMPS s FOREST s FOREST INDUSTRY s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUEL USE s FOSSIL FUELS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FROST s FUEL s GAS TURBINES s GENERATION s GENERATION CAPACITY s GHG s GLOBAL ENERGY DEMAND s GLOBAL GREENHOUSE s GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS s GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREEN ENERGY s GREEN POWER s GREENHOUSE s GRID APPLICATIONS s GRID INTEGRATION s GRID POWER s HEAT s HEAT PRODUCTION s HEAT PUMPS s HOUSEHOLD ENERGY s HYDRO POWER s HYDROPOWER s IMPROVEMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY s INCOME s INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s INNOVATIVE FINANCING s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s JOBS s LOW-CARBON s NATURAL GAS s NUCLEAR ENERGY s OCEAN ENERGY s OFFSHORE WIND s OIL s PEAK DEMAND s PENALTIES s PERFORMANCE STANDARDS s PHOTOVOLTAICS s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POLICY MAKERS s POLLUTION s POWER s POWER DEMAND s POWER GENERATING CAPACITY s POWER GENERATION s POWER PLANTS s POWER PRODUCER s POWER PRODUCTION s POWER SECTOR s POWER STATIONS s POWER SYSTEM s POWER SYSTEMS s PRESENT VALUE s PRIMARY ENERGY s PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY s PROCESS HEAT s PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY s REBATES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY CAPACITY s RENEWABLE ENERGY INITIATIVES s RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES s RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS s RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES s RENEWABLE SOURCES s RESIDENTIAL BUILDING s RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS s RESIDENTIAL HOUSING s RISK MANAGEMENT s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s SCENARIOS s SMALL WIND TURBINES s SOLAR ENERGY s SOLAR POWER s SOLAR WATER HEATER s SOLAR WATER HEATERS s STEAM TURBINES s SUGAR INDUSTRY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s TARIFF LEVELS s TEMPERATURE s TOTAL COST s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSMISSION SYSTEM s TURBINE s TURBINES s UTILITIES s VOLTAGE s VOLUNTARY AGREEMENTS s WASTE s WASTE RECYCLING s WIND s WIND ENERGY s WIND POWER s WIND PROJECTS s WIND TURBINE s WIND TURBINES s WOOD FUELS s WORLD CLIMATE English en_US The Clean Energy Ministerial (CEM) is a high-level global forum to promote policies and programs that advance clean energy technology, to share lessons learned and best practices, and to encourage the transition to a global clean energy economy. At the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change conference of parties in Copenhagen in December 2009, U.S. Secretary of Energy Steven Chu announced that he would host the first Clean Energy Ministerial to bring together ministers with responsibility for clean energy technologies from the world s major economies and ministers from a select number of smaller countries that are leading in various areas of clean energy. Currently, the 23 governments participating in CEM initiatives are Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, the European Commission, Finland, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Norway, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and the United States, and collectively account for 80 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions and 90 percent of global clean energy investment 40 17-11-21 00:18:41.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871060 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19319 Volltext, Open Access

1759726494

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726494 OCoLC 1255599840 WBOKR 19320 EBP 064563243 KEP 064563243 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19320 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Trading Up to High Income Turkey Country Economic Memorandum World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Turkey s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURE s ANTIDUMPING s APPAREL s APPAREL EXPORTS s APPAREL SECTOR s BANKING SUPERVISION s BENCHMARK s BILATERAL TRADE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAUSE FOR CONCERN s CENTRAL BANK s COMMERCIALIZATION s COMMODITY EXPORTERS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE PRODUCTS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS UNION s DEBT s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DISTRIBUTION SERVICES s DIVIDEND s DOMESTIC INDUSTRY s DOMESTIC PRODUCERS s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC RELATIONS s EMERGING MARKET s EXCHANGE RATE REGIME s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT s EXPORT BASKET s EXPORT BASKETS s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT INSURANCE s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKET SHARE s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORT PRODUCTS s EXPORT PROMOTION s EXPORT PROMOTION POLICIES s EXPORT RATIO s EXPORT SALES s EXPORT SECTOR s EXPORT SECTORS s EXPORT VALUE s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE s FOOD INDUSTRY s FORECASTS s FOREIGN COMPETITION s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENT s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL EXPORTS s GLOBAL IMPORTS s GLOBAL TRADE s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS VALUE s GROWTH RATE s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPORT PRODUCTS s IMPORT RESTRICTIONS s IMPORT VALUE s INCOME s INCOME LEVELS s INCOMES s INFLATION s INTERMEDIATE INPUTS s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION s ITC s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MARKET CONCENTRATION s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET ECONOMIES s MARKET ENTRY s MARKET PENETRATION s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SHARE CHANGES s MARKETING s MERCHANDISE s MERCHANDISE EXPORTS s MOST FAVORED NATION s MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS s NATIONAL ECONOMIES s OPEN MARKET s PER CAPITA INCOME s PREFERENTIAL TRADE s PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS s PRICE COMPARISON s PRODUCT QUALITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL INCOME s SALES s SKILLED LABOR s SPECIALIZATION s TAX s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOURISM s TRADE AGREEMENT s TRADE BARRIERS s TRADE COMPETITIVENESS s TRADE COSTS s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE FLOWS s TRADE IN SERVICES s TRADE INDICATORS s TRADE PERFORMANCE s TRADE POLICY s TRADE REGIME s TRADE REMEDIES s TRADE VOLUME s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s VALUE ADDED s VALUE OF EXPORTS s WAGES s WORLD MARKETS s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US Turkish exporters substantially broadened market reach, exporting to 137 countries at present, up from 90 in 2000. Turkey's global market share rose substantially from 0.55 percent of global imports in 2002 to 0.82 percent in 2012. Turkey aims to become one of the ten largest economies in the world by 2023, with per-capita gross domestic product (GDP) rising to United States (U.S.) $25,000 and exports to U.S. 500 billion dollars. This report focuses on Turkey's competitiveness from the supply side, but it is important to note that ensuring a more balanced mix of financing for the required investment through measures to boost domestic savings is equally important if Turkey's progress is to be sustained. Achieving Turkey's export target is possible and it will likely require a larger global market share. The relatively low level of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Turkish manufacturing has been a constraint to export growth and quality improvements. Raising export growth to levels that help meet Turkey's development goals will require a policy agenda that targets sustained further improvements in Turkey's physical, human, and institutional capital. This report prioritizes broader policies that are fundamental for Turkey to export its way out of middle-income. Chief among these are policies that: (i) link the country further with international markets, including by helping bring larger inflows of FDI, particularly into the manufacturing sector; (ii) promote innovation, including by encouraging a large role for private companies in research and development (R and D); (iii) upgrade the skills both of the existing work force and new entrants; and (iv) improve access to finance, particularly long-term, with a view to unlock the potential of the dynamic small and medium enterprise (SME) sector 40 17-11-21 00:18:41.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871079 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19320 Volltext, Open Access

1759726508

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726508 OCoLC 1255599514 WBOKR 19318 EBP 064563235 KEP 064563235 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19318 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Transparency of State Owned Enterprises in Vietnam Current Status and Ideas for Reform World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ACCESS TO BANK s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACTION PLANS s ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTIONS s AGENCY COSTS s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s AMOUNT OF DEBTS s AUDIT COMMITTEE s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK CREDIT s BANK POLICY s BANKING SECTOR s BANKRUPTCY s BOARD MEETINGS s BUSINESS ACTIVITIES s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS OBJECTIVES s BUSINESS OPERATION s BUSINESS OPERATIONS s BUSINESS ORGANIZATION s BUSINESS PERFORMANCE s BUSINESS PLAN s BUSINESS REGISTRATION s BUSINESS STRATEGIES s BUSINESS STRATEGY s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CASH FLOW s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CEO s CERTIFICATE s CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s CHARTER s CHECKS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPANY s COMPETITIVENESS s CONGLOMERATE s CONGLOMERATES s CONSOLIDATION s CORP s CORPORATE FINANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE INFORMATION s CORPORATE PERFORMANCE s CORPORATE PUBLICATIONS s CORPORATE RESTRUCTURING s CORPORATE RULES s CORPORATION s CORPORATIONS s CREDITORS s DEBT s DECENTRALIZATION s DECREE s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISCLOSURE OBLIGATIONS s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DISTRICTS s DOMAIN s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELECTRICITY s ENTERPRISE LAW s ENTERPRISE REFORM s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY CAPITAL s ESTATE s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXPANSION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL REPORT s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FIRMS s FISCAL TRANSPARENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FORMER DIRECTOR s GENERAL PUBLIC s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT MANAGEMENT s GOVERNMENT OFFICE s GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP s GROUP OF COMPANIES s HOLDING s HOLDING COMPANIES s HOLDING COMPANY s HOLDINGS s HUMAN RESOURCES s ICT s IMPACT ASSESSMENTS s INDEPENDENT AUDITS s INDIVIDUALS s INDUSTRIAL CORPORATION s INFLATION s INFORMATION DISCLOSURE s INFORMATION GAPS s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING s INSPECTION s INSPECTIONS s INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDIT PROCEDURES s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INVESTMENT CAPITAL s INVESTMENT CORPORATION s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s IPO s JOINT STOCK COMPANY s JOINT VENTURES s JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES s JOINT-STOCK COMPANY s LAN s LEASING s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGAL REGULATIONS s LEGAL REQUIREMENTS s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LIMITED s LIMITED LIABILITY s LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY s LISTED COMPANIES s LISTED COMPANY s LOSS STATEMENTS s MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MANAGERS s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET SHARE s MARKET VALUE s MARKETING s MATERIAL s MERGER s MERGERS s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY POLICY s MONOPOLY s MULTIMEDIA s NATURAL RESOURCE s NAVIGATION s ONLINE SERVICES s OUTSTANDING DEBTS s PARENT COMPANY s PARTY s PDF s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s POLITICAL CONSENSUS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICS OF GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP s PORTFOLIO s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE ENTERPRISE s PRIVATE ENTERPRISES s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC ASSETS s PUBLIC COMPANIES s PUBLIC COMPANY s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s REAL PROPERTY s REGISTRATION OF SECURITIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPRESENTATIVES s RESULT s RESULTS s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK FACTORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SEARCH s SEARCHES s SECURITIES LAW s SECURITIES MARKET s SETTLEMENT s SHARE CAPITAL s SHAREHOLDERS s SOCIETY s STAKEHOLDER s STAKEHOLDERS s STATE AGENCIES s STATE BANK s STATE BUDGET s STATE ENTERPRISES s STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s STOCK COMPANIES s STOCK COMPANY s STOCK CORPORATION s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKETS s STOCKHOLDER s STOCKS s SUBSIDIARIES s SUBSIDIARY s SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES s SUPERVISION s TARGETS s TAX s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s USERS s VALUATION s VALUATIONS s VOTING s WEB s WEB PORTAL s WEB PORTALS English en_US Information disclosure by State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) is part of a broader agenda to promote greater public sector transparency in Vietnam. Recent studies by the World Bank and others have shown that despite progress, compliance with legal requirements for transparency remains a challenge across a wide range of public sector governance areas in Vietnam. However, the marginal benefit to increased transparency is very significant. Timely availability of credible economic data, and better communication of policy changes, can help reduce market uncertainty and perceptions of risk. Transparency of SOEs is particularly important given their large presence in Vietnam s economy. In a survey conducted in 2011 for the Vietnam Development Report (2012) entitled Market Economy for a Middle Income Vietnam , improving transparency was cited by respondents as the top reform solution for SOEs in Vietnam together with accelerating equalization. Prime Minister s Decision 929 (2012), which sets out an overall plan to restructure General Corporations and State Economic Groups, sets out several commitments to help improve the transparency of SOEs. The SOE transparency agenda is an important part of the program supported under the Economic Management and Competitiveness Credit (EMCC) budget support operation. It is with this background that this Policy Note was prepared to help promote a dialogue between the Government of Vietnam and Development Partners on ways to enhance disclosure of information by SOEs 40 17-11-21 00:18:41.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871087 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19318 Volltext, Open Access

1759726516

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726516 OCoLC 1255599875 WBOKR 19322 EBP 064563227 KEP 064563227 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19322 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Repbulic of Chad Poverty Notes Dynamics of Poverty and Inequality following the Rise of the Oil Sector World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Chad s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCESS TO PRIMARY EDUCATION s ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER s ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS s AGED s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s ANIMAL HUSBANDRY s ANIMAL TRACTION s ANNUAL GROWTH s AVERAGE INCOME s BASIC HEALTH s BASIC HEALTH SERVICES s BENEFICIARY PARTICIPATION s BIRTH RATE s CAPITAL ACCUMULATION s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CASH-CROP s CHANGES IN POVERTY s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILDBIRTH s CHRONIC MALNUTRITION s CLEAN DRINKING WATER s CLEAN WATER s CLINICS s COMMUNITY HEALTH s CONFLICT s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s COTTON PRODUCTION s CROP PRODUCTION s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS s DEVELOPMENT GOALS s DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s DISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGES s DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS s DOMESTIC EMPLOYMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EPIDEMICS s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILY PLANNING s FARMERS s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FOOD BASKET s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD EXPENDITURE s FOOD EXPENDITURES s FOOD GOODS s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD ITEMS s FOOD POVERTY s FOOD POVERTY LINE s FOOD PRICES s GEOGRAPHIC REGION s GINI COEFFICIENT s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEADCOUNT POVERTY s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH INDICATORS s HIGH POPULATION DENSITY s HOSPITALS s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORTS s HYGIENE s ILLITERACY s IMMUNODEFICIENCY s IMPACT ON POVERTY s IMPACT ON POVERTY REDUCTION s INCIDENCE ANALYSIS s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME GAP s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY DYNAMICS s INFANT MORTALITY s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINE s LABOR FORCE s LACK OF EDUCATION s LIVING CONDITIONS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOW POVERTY RATE s MALNUTRITION s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MEAN GROWTH s MEDICINES s MEDIUM TERM s MIGRATION s MORBIDITY s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY HEADCOUNT s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NATIONAL POVERTY RATE s NURSES s PATIENTS s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PER CAPITA INCOME s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POOR s POOR PEOPLE s POOR POPULATION s POPULATION SHARE s POVERTY ANALYSIS s POVERTY CHANGE s POVERTY CHANGES s POVERTY DYNAMICS s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY GAP INDEX s POVERTY HEADCOUNT INDEX s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATE s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATES s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INDEX s POVERTY INDEXES s POVERTY INDICATORS s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER s POVERTY-GROWTH-INEQUALITY TRIANGLE s PREGNANCY s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PRO-POOR s PRODUCER ORGANIZATIONS s PRODUCTION VOLUMES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SPENDING s RAPID GROWTH s REDUCTION IN POVERTY s REFORM PROGRAM s REFUGEES s REGION-SPECIFIC PRICES s REGIONAL AVERAGE s REGIONAL CONFLICTS s REGIONAL DEFLATORS s REGIONAL DISPARITIES s REGIONAL VARIATIONS s RELATIVE CONTRIBUTION s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL FAMILIES s RURAL INCOMES s RURAL PHENOMENON s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POPULATIONS s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY INCIDENCE s RURAL POVERTY RATES s RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION s RURAL PROVINCES s RURAL SECTOR s RURAL WATER s RURAL WORKERS s SANITATION s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOLING s SECTOR ACTIVITIES s SMALLHOLDER FARMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL SPENDING s SQUARED POVERTY GAP s SUSTAINABLE POVERTY s SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION s SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT s TARGETING s UNDERSTANDING OF POVERTY s URBAN AREAS s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN POOR s URBAN POVERTY s VIOLENCE s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WATER SOURCES s WELFARE IMPACT pha English en_US Chad's chronically unstable security situation has long undermined broad-based economic growth and sustainable poverty reduction. Since independence in 1960 Chad has suffered from sporadic political violence and ongoing tensions between different factions. The country's fragile security has been further compromised by interference from neighboring states and spillover effects from regional conflicts. However, after rebel attacks in 2008 and 2009, and following the recent conclusion of a peace agreement between Chad and Sudan, the security situation in the country has remained relatively calm, presenting a valuable window of opportunity for development efforts to take root. The objective of this Poverty Note is to examine changes in poverty and inequality in Chad since the emergence of the oil sector. It will focus on the evolution of poverty indicators from the 2003 pre-oil baseline captured in the Chadian Household Consumption and Informal Sector Survey, or ECOSIT2 to the more recent findings of the 2011 ECOSIT3 and compare current monetary and nonmonetary poverty conditions in Chad with those of comparable countries. It will go on to assess the impact of oil production on the non-oil sectors of the Chadian economy. Finally, it will evaluate the extent to which public expenditures in the social sectors benefit the poor by analyzing the progressivity of social spending 40 17-11-21 00:18:41.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871095 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19322 Volltext, Open Access

1759726524

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726524 OCoLC 1255599950 WBOKR 19302 EBP 064563219 KEP 064563219 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19302 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Georgia Public Expenditure Review Diagnostics of Public Investment Management System World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Georgia s ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEM s ACCOUNTING s ALLOCATION s ANALYSIS OF SERVICE DELIVERY s ANALYTICAL SKILLS s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL BUDGET PREPARATION s ANNUAL BUDGETS s ANNUAL REPORT s APPROPRIATION s ARTICLE s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AUDITORS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK POLICY s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BID s BIDDERS s BIDS s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CLASSIFICATION s BUDGET CODE s BUDGET DECISIONS s BUDGET DEPARTMENT s BUDGET DOCUMENTATION s BUDGET ENTITY s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET LAW s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET YEAR s BUDGETARY APPROPRIATIONS s BUDGETARY PROCESS s BUDGETARY RESOURCES s CAPITAL ASSETS s CAPITAL BUDGET s CAPITAL BUDGETING s CAPITAL COSTS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CAPITAL SPENDING s CAPITAL TRANSFERS s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CASH INFLOW s CASH MANAGEMENT s CASH PLANNING s CENTRAL AGENCIES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CHECKS s CITIES s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVE PROCUREMENT s CORRECTIVE ACTION s COST ESTIMATES s COST OF SERVICES s COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s CREDIBILITY s DECISION-MAKERS s DECISION-MAKING s DECISION-MAKING PROCESS s DEGREE OF TRANSPARENCY s DISBURSEMENTS s DISCOUNT RATE s DISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACTS s DUTCH AUCTION s DWELLINGS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EQUIPMENT s EX POST EVALUATIONS s EXPENDITURE ALLOCATIONS s EXPENDITURE IMPLICATIONS s EXPENDITURE PLANNING s EXPENDITURE POLICY s EXPENDITURE PRIORITIES s EXPENDITURE PROGRAMS s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL ASSESSMENT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FINANCE MINISTRY s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CONTROL s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL PLANS s FINANCIAL REGULARITY s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FOREIGN FINANCING s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION s HOUSING s INFORMAL PROCEDURES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTRUMENT s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDIT FINDINGS s INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION s INTERNAL AUDITS s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT BUDGETING s INVESTMENT BUDGETS s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s INVESTMENT NEEDS s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PLANS s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS s INVESTMENT PRIORITIES s INVESTMENT PROCEDURES s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s INVESTMENT STRATEGIES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIABILITY s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY VALUES s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL INVESTMENT s NATIONAL POLICY s NATIONAL STRATEGY s OPPORTUNITIES FOR CORRUPTION s PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT s PERFORMANCE AUDIT s PERFORMANCE AUDITS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT s PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s PORTFOLIO s POSSESSION s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT PLANS s PROCUREMENT POLICIES s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENT SYSTEMS s PROGRAM BUDGETING s PROGRAM OBJECTIVES s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC BUILDINGS s PUBLIC CAPITAL s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL RESOURCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC MONEY s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUALITY ASSURANCE s RECURRENT COST s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REFORM EFFORTS s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVE s RESERVE FUNDS s RETURNS s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD TRAFFIC s SANITATION s SECTOR EXPENDITURE s SELF-ASSESSMENT s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SOCIAL BENEFITS s STATE BUDGET s STATEMENT s STREET LIGHTING s SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTIONS s TAX s TENDERING s TENDERS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY SYSTEM s TURNOVER s UNCERTAINTY s URBAN AREAS s VALUATION s WELFARE STATE s WRITTEN RECORDS English en_US Generating growth and creating jobs within a sustainable fiscal framework is Georgia s biggest macroeconomic challenge. Although Georgia registered rapid growth of 5.7 percent a year during 2010-13, unemployment remains high at 15 percent. New growth companies, especially in tourism and other service sectors, did not generate enough formal or even informal employment. Fiscal policy played a crucial role in Georgia s recent growth performance with a fiscal stimulus driven post-crisis recovery which increased deficit and debt levels followed by fiscal consolidation during 2010-12 when recovery took hold. The weak execution of the budget in 2013 and policy uncertainty were largely responsible for the growth slowdown during the year. Tackling the growth and jobs agenda in Georgia will require significant investment in human and physical capital and the government has a large role to play here. Additional spending, where it is needed, should be undertaken within the fiscal consolidation agenda of the government, designed to help restore the macroeconomic buffers needed to secure stability and sustain confidence in the future. The change in government in 2012 marked a shift in fiscal policy with prioritization of recurrent social expenditures over capital spending, thereby, increasing budget rigidity. During 2012-13, the government raised the benefit levels under the targeted social assistance (TSA) and pensions and introduced universal health care (UHC). As a result, the fiscal deficit is likely to increase from 2.6 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2013 to 3.7 percent in 2014. Over the medium term, an aging population and the need to improve health outcomes and coverage of the poor in social assistance programs will keep social expenditures high at more than 9 percent of GDP. The share of capital expenditures will level off, meanwhile. Such an outcome will reduce the government s flexibility in trimming current expenditures in the future 40 17-11-21 00:18:41.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871109 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19302 Volltext, Open Access

1759726532

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726532 OCoLC 1255599415 WBOKR 19301 EBP 064563200 KEP 064563200 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19301 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Georgia Public Expenditure Review Strategic Issues and Reform Agenda World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Georgia s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE s BENEFICIARIES s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET DOCUMENTS s BUDGET FORMULATION s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET PREPARATION s CAPITAL BUDGETING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CAPITAL SPENDING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SERVANTS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s CREDIT GROWTH s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICIT REDUCTION s DIVISION OF RESPONSIBILITIES s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC DEMAND s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EDUCATION BUDGET s EDUCATION EXPENDITURES s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EFFICIENT ALLOCATION s EFFICIENT ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s ENTITLEMENTS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE COMMITMENTS s EXPENDITURE DECENTRALIZATION s EXPENDITURE RESPONSIBILITIES s EXTERNAL AUDIT s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL LOANS s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FINANCE MINISTRY s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FISCAL ACTIVITIES s FISCAL AFFAIRS s FISCAL ANALYSIS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL COST s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL EXPENDITURE s FISCAL EXPENDITURES s FISCAL IMPLICATIONS s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL OPERATIONS s FISCAL PERFORMANCE s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL POSITION s FISCAL RISKS s FISCAL RULES s FISCAL SIDE s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL TRANSFERS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT FINANCES s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE PROGRAMS s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HIGHER EXPENDITURE s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTEREST SUBSIDIES s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS s LOCAL REVENUE s LOCAL TAXES s MARGINAL INCREASE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM FISCAL FRAMEWORK s MILITARY EXPENDITURES s MINISTRY OF DEFENSE s MINISTRY OF ECONOMY s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY POLICY s MUNICIPAL LEVEL s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL EXPENDITURES s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL SAVINGS s NET LENDING s OVERSIGHT FUNCTION s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME TAX s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE INDEX s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC CAPITAL s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE POLICY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FUNDING s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC LAW s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC PENSION SYSTEM s PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PUBLIC SCHOOLS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC SECTORS s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s QUALITY STANDARDS s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REFORM AGENDA s REVENUE SOURCES s SECTOR BUDGET s SERVICE DELIVERY s SIZE OF GOVERNMENT s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL BENEFIT s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL EXPENDITURES s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SERVICE s SOCIAL SERVICES s STATE AUDIT OFFICE s STATE BUDGET s STATE ENTERPRISES s STATE TAX s SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BASE s TAX BREAKS s TAX BURDEN s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX SYSTEM s TAXPAYERS s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s TOTAL SPENDING s TRANSPARENCY s UNCERTAINTY s VOUCHER SYSTEM s WAGE EXPENDITURES s WEAK BUDGET EXECUTION English en_US Generating growth and creating jobs within a sustainable fiscal framework is Georgia s biggest macroeconomic challenge. Although Georgia registered rapid growth of 5.7 percent a year during 2010-13, unemployment remains high at 15 percent. New growth companies, especially in tourism and other service sectors, did not generate enough formal or even informal employment. Fiscal policy played a crucial role in Georgia s recent growth performance with a fiscal stimulus driven post-crisis recovery which increased deficit and debt levels followed by fiscal consolidation during 2010-12 when recovery took hold. The weak execution of the budget in 2013 and policy uncertainty were largely responsible for the growth slowdown during the year. Tackling the growth and jobs agenda in Georgia will require significant investment in human and physical capital and the government has a large role to play here. Additional spending, where it is needed, should be undertaken within the fiscal consolidation agenda of the government, designed to help restore the macroeconomic buffers needed to secure stability and sustain confidence in the future. The change in government in 2012 marked a shift in fiscal policy with prioritization of recurrent social expenditures over capital spending, thereby, increasing budget rigidity. During 2012-13, the government raised the benefit levels under the targeted social assistance (TSA) and pensions and introduced universal health care (UHC). As a result, the fiscal deficit is likely to increase from 2.6 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2013 to 3.7 percent in 2014. Over the medium term, an aging population and the need to improve health outcomes and coverage of the poor in social assistance programs will keep social expenditures high at more than 9 percent of GDP. The share of capital expenditures will level off, meanwhile. Such an outcome will reduce the government s flexibility in trimming current expenditures in the future 40 17-11-21 00:18:41.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871117 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19301 Volltext, Open Access

1759726540

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726540 OCoLC 1255599958 WBOKR 19321 EBP 064563197 KEP 064563197 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19321 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Turkey Public Finance Review Turkey in Transition--Time for a Fiscal Policy Pivot? World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Turkey s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCOUNTING s ACTIVE DEBT s AMORTIZATIONS s ASSET CLASSES s BANK CREDIT s BANKING CRISIS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SUPERVISION s BEQUEST s BINDING CONSTRAINT s BOND SPREADS s BORROWING s BORROWING COSTS s BORROWING REQUIREMENT s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL FORMATIONS s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL INFLOW s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s CAPITAL SHARE s CAPITAL STOCK s CC s CENTRAL BANK s CONSUMER CONFIDENCE s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CREDIT MARKETS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT MATURITIES s DEBT MATURITY s DEBT RATIO s DECENTRALIZATION s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DOLLAR VALUE s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKETS s DOMESTIC INTEREST RATES s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIC REFORMS s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYER s EMPLOYER CONTRIBUTIONS s EMPLOYERS s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s ENROLLMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXTERNAL CAPITAL s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FAMILIES s FEDERAL RESERVE s FEDERAL RESERVE BANK s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL GLOBALIZATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL EFFORT s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED CAPITAL s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN FINANCING s FOREIGN INFLOWS s FORMAL SAVINGS s GLOBAL CAPITAL s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL RISK s GLOBALIZATION s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT PAPER s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GREATER ACCESS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATES s HOLDINGS s HOME OWNERSHIP s HOMEOWNERS s HOMEOWNERSHIP s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD SAVING s HOUSEHOLD SAVING RATES s HOUSEHOLD SAVINGS s HOUSEHOLDS s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INFLATION RATES s INFORMAL WORKERS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSURANCE s INTEREST EXPENDITURES s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT FINANCING s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO s INVESTMENT RATE s INVESTMENT RATES s INVESTMENT SPENDING s JOB CREATION s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOW INTEREST RATES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION s MACROECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY s MARKET CONSTRAINTS s MARKET REFORMS s MARKET TRENDS s MICRO DATA s MINIMUM WAGE s MINIMUM WAGES s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL SAVING s NATIONAL SAVINGS s NOMINAL INTEREST RATES s OUTPUT s OUTPUT RATIO s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUND CONTRIBUTIONS s PENSIONS s PERSONAL INCOME s PHYSICAL CAPITAL s POLITICAL STABILITY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO FLOWS s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s POSITIVE DEBT s PRIVATE FINANCING s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SAVING s PRIVATE SAVINGS s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTION CAPACITY s PROPERTY TAX s PROPERTY TAXES s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SAVING s PUBLIC SAVINGS s RAPID GROWTH s REAL ESTATE s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s REAL INTEREST RATES s RECEIPTS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RETIREMENT AGE s REVOLVING FUNDS s RISK AVERSION s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAVINGS ACCOUNTS s SAVINGS RATE s SAVINGS RATES s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL FUND s SOCIAL FUNDS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOURCES OF FINANCE s SOVEREIGN BOND s SOVEREIGN RISK s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX POLICY s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX SYSTEM s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TREASURY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE s UNION s WEALTH EFFECT s WEALTH EFFECTS English en_US Turkey has experienced rapid growth and improved social outcomes over the past decade. Per-capita income in United States dollar (USD) terms tripled during the first decade of the 21th century, and Turkey is now the world's 17th largest economy. Fiscal policy was an important component of the reform program that delivered these successes. Prudent fiscal policy also provided the fiscal space to soften the blow of the global economic and financial crisis in 2008-2009. This report documents the central role played by fiscal policy over the last decade and presents simulation results from a computable general equilibrium model that will help inform the future direction of fiscal policy to support sustained high growth. The dynamics of fiscal outcomes and private investment and savings raise a series of tradeoffs for policy going forward. The analysis in this report suggests that public investment can crowd-in private investment and promote a more sustainable growth path. Government revenue dynamics present another set of trade-offs. These fiscal trade-offs are likely to be exacerbated as the structural transformation of Turkey's economy slows down. Structural reforms can support the fiscal policy pivot, particularly by strengthening the supply side of the economy, for instance through an increase in female labor force participation 40 17-11-21 00:18:42.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871125 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19321 Volltext, Open Access

1759726559

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726559 OCoLC 1255599869 WBOKR 19324 EBP 064563189 KEP 064563189 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19324 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Nigeria Agriculture and Rural Poverty A Policy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Nigeria s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL ADVICE s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL SEASON s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURE s ANIMAL TRACTION s CASH CROPS s CENTRAL REGION s CHILD LABOR s COMMERCIAL FARMERS s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CONSUMPTION QUINTILES s COPING STRATEGY s COST EFFECTIVENESS s CREDIT ACCESS s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP SELECTION s DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GROUP s DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS s DISTRIBUTION OF LAND s DIVERSIFICATION s ECOLOGICAL ZONES s EXPLANATORY VARIABLES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FARM ACTIVITY s FARM HOUSEHOLDS s FARM INCOME s FARM LABOR s FARM SECTOR s FARM TECHNOLOGIES s FARMER s FARMLAND s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FOOD AVAILABILITY s FOOD PRICES s FOOD SECURITY s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION s HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHICS s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD LEVEL s HOUSEHOLD PLOTS s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLDS WITH LIVESTOCK s IDIOSYNCRATIC ERROR s IMPACT ON POVERTY s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME DATA s INCOME SHARES s INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES s INCREASED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s INSURANCE s IRRIGATION s LACK OF INFORMATION s LAND ACQUISITION s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND HOLDINGS s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND QUALITY s LAND SIZE s LAND TENURE s LANDHOLDINGS s LIVESTOCK ACTIVITIES s LIVESTOCK INCOME s LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP s LIVING STANDARDS s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s NET INCOME s NONFARM ENTERPRISES s NONFARM INCOME s OUTPUT MARKETS s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s POOR s POOR FARM HOUSEHOLDS s POOR HOUSEHOLD s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR PEOPLE s POORER HOUSEHOLDS s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY MEASURE s POVERTY MEASURES s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY STATUS s POVERTY THRESHOLD s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PROGRAMS s REDUCTION IN POVERTY s REGIONAL DIFFERENCES s REGIONAL VARIATION s REGRESSORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s ROADS s RURAL s RURAL ACTIVITIES s RURAL ACTIVITY s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s RURAL EMPLOYMENT s RURAL FARM s RURAL HOUSEHOLD s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INCOMES s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL POOR s RURAL POOR HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL POVERTY s SHEEP s SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION s SMALLHOLDER FARMERS s SUBSISTENCE s TARGETING s TRANSPORT s WAGE EARNERS English en_US The Nigerian labor force, like that of many countries in Africa, is heavily concentrated in agriculture. According to World Bank reports, the agricultural sector in Nigeria grew by about 6.8 percent annually from 2005-2009. This report focuses on the characteristics of the agricultural sector and rural households in Nigeria, and their implications for poverty. This report examines the relationships using nationally representative data from the general household survey panel (GHS), 2010-11. It was found that an elasticity of poverty reduction with respect to agricultural productivity of between 0.25 to 0.3 percent implying that a 10 percent increase in agricultural productivity will decrease the likelihood of being poor by between 2.5 and 3 percent. Agriculture in Nigeria is varied across regions, and, not surprisingly, most households involved in the sector reside in rural areas. The report is organized as follows: section one gives introduction. Section two gives brief description of selected agricultural programs and the targets of government expenditure in the sector in recent decades. Section three presents detailed profile of rural households and the composition of economic activities with a particular focus on agriculture. Section four examines the determinants of agricultural productivity, and highlights the factors (land ownership, input use, labor, plot management, land tenure, and household characteristics) most important for small-holder productivity. Section five concludes 40 17-11-21 00:18:42.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871133 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19324 Volltext, Open Access

1759726567

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726567 OCoLC 1255599417 WBOKR 19325 EBP 064563170 KEP 064563170 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19325 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Seychelles Programmatic Public Expenditure Review Policy Notes Health, Education, and Investment Management World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Seychelles s ACCESS TO BASIC SERVICES s CAPITAL SPENDING s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s GOVERNMENT SERVICES DELIVERY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR GOVERNANCE s SOCIAL NEEDS English en_US Since 2008, the Government of Seychelles has successfully undertaken major reforms to secure macroeconomic stability and create conditions for sustainable, private sector-led growth. The continuous strengthening of Seychelles' public financial management (PFM) system plays a central role in facilitating fiscal consolidation and improving the delivery of government services. Over the past few years, the government has implemented a series of reforms to address public sector governance, including: (i) modernizing the public sector and improving the alignment of institutions with policy and service delivery mandates; (ii) rolling back the government's role in commercial activities by reducing the large number of parastatals, improving management, and introducing a new wage bill together with the private sector; and (iii) redefining the accountability structure between the government agencies responsible for service delivery. Despite the government's ambitious macroeconomic reform program and its efforts to strengthen the PFM system, measures to improve the efficiency of public investment management (PIM) have received only limited consideration. Challenges to the efficient use of public resources hamper the government's ability to meet urgent social needs and improve access to basic services. This note aims to provide an objective assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of Seychelles' PIM system and to recommend measures for improving the quality of capital spending 40 17-11-21 00:18:42.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871141 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19325 Volltext, Open Access

1759726575

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726575 OCoLC 1255599971 WBOKR 19327 EBP 064563162 KEP 064563162 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19327 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Nigeria Where Has All the Growth Gone? World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Nigeria s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ABSOLUTE POVERTY LINE s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME s BASIC NEEDS s CALORIC INTAKE s CASH TRANSFERS s CHANGES IN POVERTY s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION DATA s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION MEASURE s CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA s CORRELATES OF POVERTY s CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION s DATA QUALITY s DATA SETS s DEPENDENT VARIABLE s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION s DROP IN POVERTY s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INDICATORS s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC POLICY s EDUCATION LEVEL s EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE s ESTIMATION METHOD s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPLANATORY VARIABLES s EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION s EXTREME POVERTY s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SUPPLY s GENDER BIAS s GINI INDEX s GROWTH RATES s HEADCOUNT POVERTY s HEALTH CARE s HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEAD AGE s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPACT ON POVERTY s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME POVERTY s INCOME REDISTRIBUTION s INCREASING INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY COMPONENT s INEQUALITY CONSTANT s INEQUALITY MEASURES s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s LABOR FORCE s MALNUTRITION s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MEDIUM TERM s MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY HEADCOUNT s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NATIONAL POVERTY RATE s NEGATIVE IMPACT s NON-OIL TRADE s NUTRITION s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s POLITICAL REGIONS s POOR s POOR AREA s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POPULATION SHARE s POST HARVEST s POVERTY ANALYSIS s POVERTY CHANGES s POVERTY DATA s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INCREASE s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY MAPPING s POVERTY OUTCOMES s POVERTY POVERTY s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY SEVERITY s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s REDUCING POVERTY s REDUCTION IN POVERTY s REGIONAL RESULTS s RELATIVE POSITION s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DIVIDE s RURAL GAP s RURAL LEVEL s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION s SAMPLE SIZE s SANITATION s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOLING s SECONDARY SCHOOLING s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SERVICE DELIVERY s SPATIAL DIMENSION s SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION s STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION s SUSTAINABLE POVERTY s SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION s TARGETING s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POVERTY s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WELFARE DISTRIBUTION s WELFARE IMPROVEMENTS s WELFARE MEASURE s WELFARE MEASURES English en_US This policy note will focus on the poverty trends in Nigeria using the National Living Standard Survey (NLSS) 2004 and Harmonized Nigeria Living Standard Survey (HNLSS) 2010 only. In the last decade, Nigeria has enjoyed a stable and sustained growth in a context of responsible macroeconomic management, economic stability, democracy, and reform. Nonetheless, results from household surveys conducted during the same period seem to be at odd with this particularly positive growth story: poverty declined only by two percentage points between 2004 and 2010. Poverty levels may be lower and poverty reduction faster than the official estimates suggest. Simulations and sensitivity check confirm this hypothesis and call for additional work to consolidate poverty analysis in Nigeria. An important step in this direction is increasing the collaboration with the National Bureau of Statistics regarding data collection and data management. There are, however, several results from this policy note that seems to stand on solid ground. First, the historical disparities between the North and the South (more specifically South-West) appear to have remained unchanged. Second, inequality explains part of the limited poverty reduction. Third, there is evidence of structural changes in the economy. Labor absorption provides interesting insights. Larger fractions of the working age population have moved out of agriculture and joined the self-employed sector. To make faster progress in poverty reduction, Nigeria needs a game changing strategy if substantial progress has to be made in meeting the global goals of reducing extreme poverty to three percent in 2030 40 17-11-21 00:18:42.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987115X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19327 Volltext, Open Access

1759726583

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726583 OCoLC 1255599966 WBOKR 19328 EBP 064563154 KEP 064563154 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19328 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Togo Basic Agricultural Public Expenditure Diagnostic Review World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Africa Togo s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING SYSTEM s ADB s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s AFDB s AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL LANDS s AGRICULTURAL LOANS s AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATION s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL TRAINING s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE PROJECTS s AGROFORESTRY s AGRONOMISTS s ALLOCATION s APPROPRIATION s APPROPRIATIONS s AQUACULTURE s ARABLE LAND s AUDITORS s BANKING INSTITUTIONS s BANKING SYSTEM s BASELINE DATA s BENEFICIARIES s BID s BIDS s BORDER TRADE s BREAKDOWN OF EXPENDITURES s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGETARY EXPENDITURE s BUDGETARY RESOURCES s BUDGETARY SITUATION s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CENTRAL SERVICES s CGIAR s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COFFEE s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s CONSULTATIVE GROUP ON INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s COTTON s COTTON PRODUCERS s COTTON PRODUCTION s CREDIT LINE s CREDIT LINES s CROP s CROP AREAS s CROP PRODUCTION s DEBTS s DISBURSEMENT s DOMESTIC DEBTS s DOMESTIC MARKET s DURABLE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC SPENDING s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY INVESTMENT s EUROPEAN COMMISSION s EVALUATION CAPACITY s EXPENDITURE BUDGET s EXPORTER s EXTENSION s EXTENSION SERVICES s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FAO s FARMER s FARMERS s FARMLAND s FARMS s FERTILIZERS s FIDUCIARY ASSESSMENT s FINANCE MINISTRY s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL AFFAIRS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FISH s FISHERIES s FOOD CROPS s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SECURITY s FORESTS s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GRAIN s GRAIN PRODUCERS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HARVEST s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUNGER s IFAD s IFDC s IFPRI s INSURANCE s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL FUND FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INVESTING s INVESTMENT BUDGET s IRRIGATION s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LIQUIDATION s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK BREEDING s LIVESTOCK FARMING s LOAN s MAIZE s MARKETING s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MICRO-FINANCE s MICRO-FINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MICRO-FINANCE SECTOR s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION s MINISTRY OF ECONOMY s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY UNION s NATIONAL AGENCY s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL BUDGETS s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL STRATEGY s NATURAL RESOURCES s NGOS s NUTRITION s OPERATING EXPENDITURES s OPERATING EXPENSES s OUTSTANDING LOANS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERSONNEL EXPENDITURES s PESTICIDE s PLANT PROTECTION s POLITICAL STABILITY s POULTRY s POULTRY PRODUCERS s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE FINANCE s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROGRAM PERFORMANCE s PROGRAMS s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PUBLIC ACCOUNTS s PUBLIC AUTHORITIES s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE DIAGNOSTIC s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC WORKS s R&D s REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REPAYMENT s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s ROAD CONSTRUCTION s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROOTS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s SANITATION s SCHOOL FEES s SEEDS s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SPECIAL ACCOUNT s STATE BUDGET s STATE EXPENDITURES s STATE GOVERNMENTS s STRATEGIC POLICY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SWAP s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TREASURY s TRUST FUND s UNDP s UNITED NATIONS s UNIVERSITIES s VETERINARIANS s VOUCHER SYSTEM s WAREHOUSE English en_US After 15 years of political stagnation due to political troubles from 1990 to 2005, Togo is now enjoying political stability and economical revival. Agricultural sector is doing especially well and the government is reviewing the public expenditures in this domain. The goal is to learn lessons from the past in terms of budget and to increase the performances of the programs to come. The objectives of this document are: a) better understand how the country is performing in agriculture; b) learn lessons from the past in terms of budgetary execution in agriculture to make new programs more effective; c) increase the knowledge of the government and his partners on their resources so they can make knowledgeable decisions regarding the agriculture budget; and d) contribute to the internalization of the review of public expenditures 40 17-11-21 00:18:42.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871168 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19328 Volltext, Open Access

1759726591

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726591 OCoLC 1255599842 WBOKR 19298 EBP 064563146 KEP 064563146 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19298 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Program - Republic of Korea Insurance Core Principles International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Korea, Republic of s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACTUARIES s AGENTS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET-LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s ASSETS s ASSURANCE s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDITORS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK CREDIT s BANK HOLDING s BANKRUPTCY s BENEFICIARIES s BOND s BONDS s BROKER s BROKERS s CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPITAL TREATMENT s CEDANT s CIVIL LAWS s COMMISSIONERS s COMPENSATION s COMPETITIVE MARKET s CONFIDENTIALITY s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONTINGENCY PLANNING s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK s COVERAGE s CREDIT COOPERATIVES s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT STANDING s CREDIT UNIONS s CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION s CUSTOMER INFORMATION s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DISCLOSURE GUIDELINES s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DISCOUNT RATES s DOMESTIC EXCHANGE s DOMESTIC MARKET s DUE DILIGENCE s ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS s ETHICAL BEHAVIOR s EXPOSURE s EXPOSURES s FAIR VALUE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENTS s FINANCIAL EDUCATION s FINANCIAL INDUSTRY s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET DEVELOPMENTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR POLICY s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL TRANSACTION s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN INSURERS s GENERAL INSURANCE s GLOBAL FINANCIAL SERVICES s GOVERNANCE PROCEDURES s HOLDING COMPANIES s HOLDING COMPANY s HOLDINGS s INDEPENDENT JUDICIARY s INSPECTIONS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE ACTIVITIES s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE CORPORATION s INSURANCE FRAUD s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE PENETRATION s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE REGULATION s INSURANCE SUPERVISION s INSURANCE SUPERVISORS s INSURER s INSURERS s INTEGRITY s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE SPREADS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTIGATIONS s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s INVESTMENT POLICIES s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTMENT REGULATIONS s JURISDICTION s JURISDICTIONS s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL INSTRUMENTS s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGAL SYSTEM s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES s LIFE INSURERS s LIQUID MARKET s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RISK s LOCAL MARKET s MARKET CONCENTRATION s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET SHARE s MINIMUM CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY LAUNDERING s MOTOR INSURANCE s NON-BANK s NON-LIFE INSURANCE s PAYMENT OF DIVIDENDS s POINT OF SALE s POLICYHOLDERS s PORTFOLIO s PREMIUMS s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVACY s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PROFITABILITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROTECTION OF POLICYHOLDERS s PRUDENTIAL SUPERVISION s REAL ESTATE s RECIPROCITY s REGULATORS s REGULATORY CAPITAL s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY REQUIREMENT s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s REGULATORY STRUCTURE s REINSURANCE s REINSURANCE CONTRACT s REINSURANCE CONTRACTS s REINSURANCE REQUIREMENTS s REINSURERS s RESERVES s RETIREMENT SAVINGS s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK EXPOSURE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES s RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s RISK PROFILES s RISK TRANSFER s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKET s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDERS s SOLVENCY s SUPERVISORY AGENCIES s SUPERVISORY AGENCY s SUPERVISORY FRAMEWORK s SUPERVISORY SYSTEM s TERRORISM s TITLE INSURANCE s TRANSACTION INFORMATION s TRANSPARENCY s UNDERWRITING s VALUATION s VALUATION SYSTEM s VALUATIONS s WITHDRAWAL English en_US This report is an assessment of Korea's compliance with International Association of Insurance Supervisors' Insurance Core Principles (ICPs), as adopted in October 2011. The review was carried out as part of the 2013 Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) assessment of Korea, and was based on the regulatory framework in place, the supervisory practices employed, and other conditions as they existed in April 2013. The assessment was carried out by Craig Thorburn, Lead Insurance Specialist, Non-Bank Financial Institutions Group, Capital Markets Practice, World Bank. The assessment is based solely on the laws, regulations, and other supervisory requirements and practices that were in place at the time of assessment 40 17-11-21 00:18:42.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871176 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19298 Volltext, Open Access

1759726605

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726605 OCoLC 1255599992 WBOKR 19314 EBP 064563138 KEP 064563138 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19314 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Angola Economic Update, June 2014 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Angola economic update no. 2 Africa Angola s ACCOUNTING s ACCUMULATION OF CAPITAL s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURE s ANNUAL GROWTH s ARBITRATION s ASSETS s AUCTION s AUCTION SYSTEM s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK BRANCHES s BANK LIQUIDITY s BANK LOANS s BANKING SECTOR s BENCHMARKING s BID s BINDING CONSTRAINT s BUDGETING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL ACCOUNTS s CAPITAL ACCUMULATION s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL STOCK s CASH TRANSFER s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRALIZATION s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK CREDIT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER GOODS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CORE INFLATION s CREDIT GROWTH s CURRENCY DEPRECIATION s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUSES s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT OVERHANG s DEFLATION s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DOMESTIC BANK s DOMESTIC BOND s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC DEMAND s ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC VALUE s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUITY MARKETS s EURO ZONE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTER s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL DEMAND s EXTERNAL FUNDING s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL BALANCES s FISCAL BURDEN s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED INVESTMENT s FORECASTS s FOREIGN BANK s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN MARKETS s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPORT s IMPORT PRICES s IMPORTS s INCOME s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION RATES s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT PROCESS s INVESTMENT PROCESSES s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT RATE s INVESTMENT RATES s INVESTMENT SPENDING s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s LABOR FORCE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDERS s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOCAL CURRENCY s LONG-TERM LOANS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARGINAL COST s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY SUPPLY s MORAL HAZARD s MUNICIPAL INVESTMENT s NATIONAL INCOME s NATIONAL SAVINGS s NET EXPORTS s OIL ECONOMY s OIL EXPORTERS s OIL EXPORTS s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OIL RESERVES s OIL REVENUE s OPEN MARKET s OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS s OPPORTUNITY COST s POLITICAL STABILITY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO CAPITAL s PORTFOLIOS s POSTWAR PERIOD s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE FLUCTUATIONS s PRICE INDEX s PRICE INDEXES s PRICE INDICES s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRODUCTIVITY s PRUDENTIAL SUPERVISION s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SAVINGS s PUBLIC SPENDING s RAPID GROWTH s RATE OF RETURN s REAL GDP s REAL INVESTMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVE s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESERVES s RETURNS s SAVINGS RATE s SECONDARY MARKET s SECURITIES s SLOWDOWN s SOVEREIGN DEBT s STOCKS s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUPPLY CAPACITY s TAX s TAX CODES s TAX REVENUES s TAX SUBSIDIES s TAX SYSTEM s TAX SYSTEMS s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE POLICIES s TRADE VOLATILITY s TRADING s TRADING PARTNER s TRADING PARTNERS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BONDS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s WAGES s WEALTH English en_US Angola's economy decelerated in 2013 due to the weak performance of the oil sector but the non-oil economy expanded rapidly. Similarly, lower oil related export earnings and higher imports narrowed the current account surplus. Enhancing export competitiveness and implementing tax related reforms will reduce the co-movement between the current account and the fiscal account balances. Expanded agricultural output and lower food import prices helped curb the inflation rate to a single digit. While the non-oil economy expands, maintaining the observed level of international reserves will help shield the country from potential oil price fluctuations. This economic update analyzes recent economic developments in Angola and situates them in a medium-term global context. It evaluates the implications of macroeconomic trends and policy reforms in terms of the government's stated development objectives 40 17-11-21 00:18:42.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871184 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19314 Volltext, Open Access

1759726613

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:05.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726613 OCoLC 1255599995 WBOKR 19292 EBP 06456312X KEP 06456312X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19292 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Jobs or Privileges Unleashing the Employment Potential of the Middle East and North Africa World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East Middle East and North Africa North Africa s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s AGGREGATE EMPLOYMENT s AGGREGATE GROWTH s AGGREGATE PRODUCTIVITY s AGGREGATE PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s BANKRUPTCY LAWS s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CENSUSES s CITIZEN s CITIZENS s COLLEGE GRADUATES s COMPETITION LAW s COMPETITIVE PRESSURES s COMPETITORS s CREATIVE DESTRUCTION s DEMAND FOR SERVICES s DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS s DEVELOPMENT POLICIES s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC MARKET s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC BENEFITS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATED WOMEN s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT CREATION s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH RATES s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES s EMPLOYMENT PERFORMANCE s EMPLOYMENT SHARE s EMPLOYMENT SITUATION s EMPLOYMENT TRENDS s ENTREPRENEURS s EQUAL ACCESS s EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES s EQUAL OPPORTUNITY s EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY s FAMILY MEMBERS s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATES s FIRM DYNAMICS s FIRM ENTRY s FIRM GROWTH s FIRM PRODUCTIVITY s FIRM SIZE s FIRM SIZES s FIRM TURNOVER s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HIGH WAGES s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCES s IMPACT OF POLICIES s INCOME s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INFORMAL SECTOR s INSURANCE s INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s JOB CREATION s JOB DESTRUCTION s JOB PERFORMANCE s JOB TRAINING s JOBS s LABOR CONTRACT s LABOR CONTRACTS s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR LAWS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET POLICIES s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s LABOR REALLOCATION s LABOR SHARE s LABOR SUPPLY s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS s MARKET FAILURES s MONOPOLIES s MORTALITY s MULTINATIONAL s MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES s NATURAL RESOURCE s NET EMPLOYMENT s NET JOB CREATION s NET PROFIT s NUMBER OF WORKERS s PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN s POLICY DIALOGUE s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION GROWTH RATE s PREVIOUS STUDIES s PREVIOUS WORK s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR JOB s PRIVATE SECTOR JOBS s PRIVATE SECTORS s PRIVATIZATION s PROCESS INNOVATION s PRODUCT INNOVATION s PRODUCT MARKET s PRODUCT MARKET COMPETITION s PRODUCTIVE FIRMS s PRODUCTIVITY GAINS s PRODUCTIVITY INCREASE s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s REGULATORY BURDEN s REGULATORY TASKS s REMITTANCES s RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS s RETAIL TRADE s RURAL AREAS s SECONDARY DEGREE s SERVICE SECTOR s SERVICE SECTORS s SIGNIFICANT POLICY s SMALL FIRMS s SME s SOCIAL SECURITY s SUBSIDIZED LAND s SURVIVAL RATES s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL LABOR FORCE s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORTATION s UNEDUCATED WOMEN s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s WAGE DATA s WORKER s WORKERS s WORKING POPULATION s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE English en_US This report argues that M ... 40 17-11-21 00:18:42.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871192 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19292 Volltext, Open Access

1759726621

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726621 OCoLC 1255599675 WBOKR 19308 EBP 064563111 KEP 064563111 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19308 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO FYR Macedonia Green Growth Country Assessment World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of North Macedonia (Formerly the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) s ABATEMENT COSTS s ABATEMENT POTENTIAL s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS s AIR s AIR POLLUTANTS s AIR POLLUTION s AIR POLLUTION REDUCTION s AIR QUALITY s AIR QUALITY REGULATIONS s AIRPORTS s APPROACH s ATMOSPHERE s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BIOGAS s BIOMASS s CAPACITY FACTOR s CAR s CAR OWNERSHIP s CAR USE s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON EMISSIONS s CARBON MONOXIDE s CARBON SINK s CARS s CLEAN AIR s CLEANER AIR s CLEANER ENERGY s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE DAMAGES s CLIMATE SCENARIOS s CO s CO2 s COLORS s CONGESTION s CONVERGENCE s COST OF ABATEMENT s COST-BENEFIT s COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS s CROP INSURANCE s DAMAGES s DEMAND FOR ENERGY s DISCOUNT RATE s DRAINAGE s DRAINAGE SYSTEMS s DRIVERS s DRIVING s DRIVING TIME s DUST s ECONOMIC COSTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACTS s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY SYSTEM s EMISSION s EMISSION GROWTH s EMISSION LEVELS s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS FROM FUEL s EMISSIONS FROM FUEL COMBUSTION s EMISSIONS GROWTH s EMISSIONS INTENSITY s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY DEMAND MODEL s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES s ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMS s ENERGY INTENSITY s ENERGY MIX s ENERGY PRICING s ENERGY SUPPLY s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE s EXTREME WEATHER s EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS s FERROUS METALS s FINANCIAL LOSSES s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FLOODS s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FREIGHT s FUEL s FUEL COSTS s FUEL EFFICIENT VEHICLES s FUEL PRICE s FUEL SWITCHING s FUEL-EFFICIENT VEHICLES s GAS IMPORTS s GAS SECTOR s GAS SUPPLY s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL s GENERATION CAPACITY s GHG s GHGS s GLOBAL WARMING s GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS MITIGATION s GREENHOUSE GAS MITIGATION s GREENHOUSE GASES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEAT s HEAT PRODUCTION s HIGH ENERGY s HIGH ENERGY INTENSITY s HYDROPOWER s HYDROPOWER GENERATION s IMPORTS s INCOME s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s JOBS s LAND TRANSPORT s LAND USE s LANDFILLS s LIGNITE PRODUCTION s LOCAL AIR POLLUTION s LOCAL ROADS s LOWER COSTS s MARGINAL ABATEMENT s MARGINAL ABATEMENT COST s METEOROLOGICAL DATA s METHANE s MOBILITY s MODE OF TRANSPORT s MOTOR VEHICLE s NATIONAL INCOME s NATURAL GAS s NEGATIVE IMPACT s NET COST s NITROGEN s NITROGEN OXIDES s NOX s NUCLEAR POWER s O&M s OIL s PARTICULATE s PARTICULATE MATTER s PASSENGER RAIL s PASSENGER RAIL SERVICE s PASSENGER VEHICLE s PEAK DEMAND s PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER s PM10 s POLICY SCENARIOS s POLLUTION LEVEL s POLLUTION REDUCTION s POPULATION DENSITY s POWER GENERATION s POWER GENERATION MIX s POWER PLANTS s POWER SECTOR s POWER SECTORS s POWER SUPPLY s PRECIPITATION s PRESENT VALUE s PRIMARY ENERGY s PRIVATE CAR OWNERSHIP s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s QUALITY OF WATER s QUALITY OF WATER SUPPLY s RAIL s RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE s RAIL INVESTMENT s RAILWAY s RAILWAY SECTOR s RAILWAYS s RAINFALL s REDUCTION IN EMISSIONS s REDUCTION IN FUEL USE s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RETROFITTING s ROAD s ROAD SAFETY s ROAD SECTOR s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD TRAVEL DEMAND s ROADS s SANITATION s SCENARIOS s SCRUBBERS s SEVERE WEATHER s SEVERE WEATHER EVENTS s SF6 s STREET LIGHTING s SUPPLY SIDE s TAX s TEMPERATURE s TOLL s TONS OF CARBON s TOTAL EMISSIONS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s TRAINS s TRANSMISSION LINES s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT ACTIVITY s TRANSPORT DEMAND s TRANSPORT EMISSIONS s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT POLICIES s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SECTOR EMISSIONS s TRANSPORT SERVICES s URBAN SPRAWL s URBAN TRAFFIC s URBAN TRANSIT s URBAN TRANSPORT s UTILITIES s VEHICLE FLEET s VEHICLE FUEL s VEHICLE FUEL EFFICIENCY s VEHICLE MODEL s VEHICLE SURVEY s VEHICLES s VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WATER ANALYSIS s WATER POLLUTION s WEATHER PATTERNS s WIND English en_US This green growth country assessment for Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) Macedonia aims to define the outlines of a green growth path and the initial steps along that path. According to the World Bank's recent flagship report, green growth is 'growth that is efficient in its use of natural resources, clean in that it minimizes pollution and environmental impacts, and resilient in that it accounts for natural hazards and the role of environmental management and natural capital in preventing physical disasters.' While most countries might agree that such growth is a worthy goal, determining what a green growth path might mean for a particular country is a significant challenge. Green growth can be defined more precisely, as economic growth with more sustainable use of natural resources (minerals, water and clean air, and biodiversity), with proper consideration of mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions; with attention to adaptation to a changing climate; and with more focus on innovation and green jobs to enhance benefits flowing from the technological innovation and new industries spurred by a shift to green growth. This report takes a practical approach to identifying specific challenges and opportunities FYR Macedonia faces in building its green growth future and to present them in a form useful for decision makers. The report will address mitigation, adaptation, and the most immediately challenging resource sustainability issue, clean air. This report summarizes analytic work undertaken in sectors and on issues selected as critical for defining and understanding the green growth path of the country, with an emphasis on climate action. Chapters of the report start with an overview of the relevant challenges to green growth of climate adaptation and mitigation, and then set out the methodology applied the findings that emerged, and consequent recommendations. The nine sectors and issues that constitute the components of the green growth country assessment are represented in the opening graphic in this summary 40 17-11-21 00:18:42.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871206 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19308 Volltext, Open Access

175972663X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972663X OCoLC 1255599890 WBOKR 19329 EBP 064563103 KEP 064563103 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19329 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Integration of Electricity Networks in the Arab World Regional Market Structure and Design World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Middle East Middle East and North Africa North Africa s ACTION PLAN s APPROACH s AUCTION s AVAILABILITY s BACKUP s BALANCE s BEST PRACTICES s BORDER ELECTRICITY TRADE s BORDER TRADE s BORDER TRANSMISSION s BUYER s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CARBON ENERGY s COAL s COGENERATION s COMBUSTION s COMBUSTION TURBINE s COMPUTER SYSTEMS s COPYRIGHT s CRUDE OIL s DEMAND GROWTH s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DOMESTIC GAS s DOMESTIC MARKETS s E-MAIL s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELECTRIC COMPANY s ELECTRIC DISTRIBUTION s ELECTRIC ENERGY s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY s ELECTRIC UTILITIES s ELECTRICAL ENERGY s ELECTRICAL INTERCONNECTION s ELECTRICAL POWER s ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY ACCESS s ELECTRICITY COMPANY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY CORPORATION s ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION s ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION COMPANY s ELECTRICITY EXCHANGE s ELECTRICITY GENERATING s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION CAPACITY s ELECTRICITY GRIDS s ELECTRICITY IMPORTS s ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY s ELECTRICITY MARKET s ELECTRICITY MARKETS s ELECTRICITY MINISTERS s ELECTRICITY NETWORK s ELECTRICITY NETWORKS s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY REGULATION s ELECTRICITY REGULATORS s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SECTORS s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY SYSTEM s ELECTRICITY SYSTEMS s ELECTRICITY TARIFF s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION s ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY s ELECTRICITY UTILITY s ELECTRIFICATION s EMISSIONS s ENERGY BALANCE s ENERGY CONSERVATION s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY MANAGEMENT s ENERGY REQUIREMENTS s ENERGY RESOURCES s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY SUPPLY s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURES s FAIR s FEASIBILITY STUDY s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FREE MARKET s FUEL s FUEL PRICES s FUEL SUPPLY s FUELS s FUNCTIONALITY s GAS s GAS IMPORTS s GAS PRODUCTION s GAS RESOURCES s GAS TURBINE s GAS TURBINES s GENERATING CAPACITY s GENERATION s GENERATION CAPACITY s GENERATORS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HARMONIZATION s HEAVY FUEL OIL s HYDROPOWER s IMPLEMENTATION PLAN s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s KILOWATT -HOUR s KILOWATT-HOUR s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL SYSTEMS s LICENSES s LIMITED ACCESS s LOAD FACTOR s MANUFACTURING s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET INTEGRATION s MARKET REFORM s MARKET SHARE s MARKET STRUCTURE s MARKET TRADING s MATERIAL s MONITORING MECHANISM s MONOPOLY s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS HYDRO s NATURAL RESOURCES s NATURAL-GAS s NETWORK ACCESS s NUCLEAR MATERIALS s OPEN ACCESS s OPERATING SYSTEMS s PEAK DEMAND s PEAK ELECTRICITY DEMAND s PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s POWER s POWER COMPANY s POWER FLOWS s POWER GENERATION s POWER GENERATION CAPACITY s POWER GRID s POWER GRIDS s POWER PLANT s POWER PLANTS s POWER PRODUCER s POWER PRODUCERS s POWER PRODUCTION s POWER SECTOR s POWER SECTORS s POWER SYSTEM s POWER SYSTEMS s PRICING MECHANISMS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY s PROTOCOL s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s QUERIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s RELIABILITY s RELIABILITY OF SUPPLY s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT s RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION s RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS s RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE s RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES s RENEWABLE GENERATION s RESULT s RESULTS s RETAIL s RETAIL COMPETITION s RETAIL ELECTRICITY s RETAIL ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s SALES s SEARCH s SITES s SOLAR POWER s SOLAR RESOURCES s SOURCE OF ELECTRICITY s SUBSTITUTE s SUPERVISION s SUPPLIER s SUPPLY OF ELECTRICITY s SURPLUS s SURPLUS POWER s TARGET MARKETS s TECHNICAL ISSUES s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TECHNICAL STANDARDS s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY s TELEPHONE s TRADE OPPORTUNITIES s TRANSMISSION CAPACITY s TRANSMISSION FACILITIES s TRANSMISSION GRID s TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSMISSION INTERCONNECTION s TRANSMISSION LINES s TRANSMISSION ORGANIZATIONS s TRANSMISSION SYSTEM s UTILITIES s VOLTAGE s WIND s WIND FARMS s WIND POWER English en_US The Arab countries have enjoyed sustained economic growth in recent years, and the high economic growth has triggered a rapid increase in energy demand, particularly for electricity. Besides enabling energy imports, interconnected power networks impart a series of additional benefits such as improved system reliability, reduced reserve margins, reactive power support, and energy exchanges that take advantage of daily and seasonal demand diversity and disparities in marginal production costs. As a result, a world-class electricity supply system can be achieved with much lower capital expenditures and ongoing expenses than will otherwise be attainable on an individual-country basis. The regional power interconnection of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), allows electricity exchange among its six member states: Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Oman under an agreement signed in 2009. The interconnection is targeted at sharing capacity reserve and improving supply reliability, which will reduce the need for investment in new generation capacity. This study, which focuses on the development of the institutional and regulatory framework for electricity trade in the Arab world, is one of three currently being carried out by the League of Arab States (LAS) on the development of regional electricity markets (REMs): part one: study of interconnections of electrical systems in the Arab world; part two: study of electricity-gas trade among the Arab countries; and part three: study of institutional and regulatory frameworks. This study focuses on the institutional and regulatory aspects of cross-border trade and electricity market integration among the 22 LAS member countries, and between the Arab countries and potential neighboring markets. This study comprises two phases. Phase one, is main report (volume one), examines regional market structure and design. Phase two (volume 2) examines principles of market regulations and legal arrangements including a draft road map for a transition path toward market integration and governance documentation including drafts memorandum of understanding, general agreement, general pan Arab electricity market agreement, and regional grid code 40 17-11-21 00:18:42.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871214 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19329 Volltext, Open Access

1759726648

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726648 OCoLC 1255599986 WBOKR 19297 EBP 06456309X KEP 06456309X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19297 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Program Update - Albania Insurance Core Principles International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource ALBANIA Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACTUARIAL REPORTS s ACTUARIES s AGENTS s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s APPLICATIONS s ASSETS s ASSURANCE s AUDIT COMMITTEE s AUDITORS s BALANCE SHEETS s BROKERAGE s BROKERS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CATASTROPHE INSURANCE s CATASTROPHE REINSURANCE s CEDANTS s CHECKS s CIVIL CODE s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s COINSURANCE s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL REGISTRY s COMMISSIONS s COMPENSATION s COMPENSATION FUND s COMPULSORY INSURANCE s CONFIDENTIALITY s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMERS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT LIFE INSURANCE s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RATINGS s CREDITORS s CURRENCY s DAMAGES s DEPOSIT s DISASTERS s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DISCOUNT RATES s DISPOSABLE INCOMES s DURATION MATCHING s EARTHQUAKE INSURANCE s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EXPENSE RATIO s EXPENSE RATIOS s FEE INCOME s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL SUPERVISION s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN INSURERS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FRAUD s FUNDING OF RESERVES s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GUARANTEE FUND s HOLDINGS s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMAN RIGHTS s INFORMATION DISCLOSURE s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSPECTIONS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s INSURANCE ACTIVITIES s INSURANCE ACTIVITY s INSURANCE CLAIMS s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE CONTRACTS s INSURANCE COVERAGE s INSURANCE EXPERTS s INSURANCE FRAUD s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE LAW s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE PENETRATION s INSURANCE PORTFOLIO s INSURANCE PREMIUM s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE REGULATION s INSURANCE REGULATIONS s INSURANCE REGULATOR s INSURANCE RESERVES s INSURANCE SECTOR s INSURANCE SUPERVISION s INSURANCE SUPERVISORS s INSURER s INSURERS s INTEGRITY s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL INSURANCE GROUPS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT GUIDELINES s INVESTMENT REGULATIONS s INVESTMENT RISK s LAWS s LEGAL AUTHORITY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIABILITY s LIABILITY INSURANCE s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY s LIFE INSURANCE PREMIUM s LIFE INSURANCE PREMIUMS s LIFE INSURANCE PRODUCTS s LIFE INSURERS s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT s LIQUIDITY RATIO s LOAN s LOAN BALANCE s LOCAL BANKS s LOCAL INSURANCE MARKET s MARKET ASSETS s MARKET DATA s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PENETRATION s MARKET PLAYERS s MARKET SHARES s MARKET STRUCTURE s MARKET SUPERVISION s MINIMUM CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s MITIGATION MEASURES s MONEY LAUNDERING s NATURAL DISASTERS s NON LIFE INSURANCE s NON-LIFE INSURANCE s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OPERATIONAL INDEPENDENCE s PENETRATION RATE s POLICYHOLDERS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIOS s PRICE COMPETITION s PRICE WAR s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s RATE OF RETURN s RATE OF RETURN ON CAPITAL s RATES s REGULATORS s REGULATORY CONSTRAINTS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY PRACTICES s REGULATORY REQUIREMENT s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s REINSURANCE s REINSURANCE ARRANGEMENTS s REINSURANCE COMPANIES s REINSURANCE PREMIUMS s REINSURANCE REQUIREMENTS s REINSURERS s RESERVE s RISK EXPOSURE s RISK EXPOSURES s RISK INSURANCE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES s RISK MEASUREMENT s RISK MITIGATION s RISK PROFILE s RISK TRANSFER s SAVINGS s SETTLEMENT s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDERS s SOLVENCY s SOLVENCY REQUIREMENTS s STOCK EXCHANGE s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s SUPERVISORY BOARD s SUPERVISORY POWERS s SUPERVISORY REGIME s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TERRORISM s TIMELY PAYMENT s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER s UNDERWRITING s VALUATION English en_US This assessment of Albania's compliance with the International Association of Insurance Supervisors (IAIS) Insurance Core Principles (ICP) was carried out as part of the 2013 Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP). Although this is the second FSAP for Albania, this is the first external assessment of Albania's compliance with the ICPs. The Albanian Financial Supervisory Authority (AFSA) has all the responsibility for insurance regulation and supervision in Albania. This assessment is based upon information made available to the assessor in preparation for and during the November 2013 FSAP mission. The AFSA contributed its self-assessment and a detailed update thereof at the individual criterion level. Further sectoral information (including responses to a questionnaire sent out in advance) was provided before and during the mission. Comprehensive documentation, including all relevant laws, by-laws and regulations were: (i) available on the AFSA's web-site; or (ii) provided to the assessor by the AFSA's management 40 17-11-21 00:18:42.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871222 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19297 Volltext, Open Access

1759726656

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726656 OCoLC 1255599923 WBOKR 19296 EBP 064563081 KEP 064563081 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19296 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Program - Albania Core Principles for Effective Deposit Insurance Systems International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource ALBANIA Europe and Central Asia s ACCURATE INFORMATION s ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSE s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES s ARREARAGES s ASSET RECOVERY s ASSOCIATION OF DEPOSIT INSURERS s BANK CREDIT s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK FAILURE s BANK RISK s BANK RISK TAKING s BANK RUN s BANK SECRECY s BANKING ASSETS s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING LAWS s BANKING SYSTEM s BLANKET GUARANTEE s BLANKET GUARANTEES s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO s CAPITAL MARKETS s CENTRAL BANK s CLAIMS OF DEPOSITORS s CLOSE OF BUSINESS s CODE OF CONDUCT s COLLATERAL s COLLECTION SYSTEM s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMPENSATION OF DEPOSITORS s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONTAGION s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s CORRECTIVE ACTION s COST OF DEPOSIT INSURANCE s COVERAGE AMOUNT s COVERAGE LEVEL s COVERAGE LEVELS s COVERAGE LIMIT s COVERAGE LIMITS s CREDIT COOPERATIVE s CREDIT COOPERATIVES s CREDIT LINE s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RISK s CREDITOR s DEBT BURDEN s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS s DEPOSIT INSURANCE AGENCY s DEPOSIT INSURANCE AUTHORITIES s DEPOSIT INSURANCE COVERAGE s DEPOSIT INSURANCE PREMIUM s DEPOSIT INSURANCE PREMIUMS s DEPOSIT INSURANCE PROTECTION s DEPOSIT INSURANCE SCHEME s DEPOSIT INSURANCE SYSTEM s DEPOSIT INSURANCE SYSTEM DESIGN s DEPOSIT INSURANCE SYSTEMS s DEPOSIT INSURER s DEPOSIT OBLIGATION s DEPOSIT PROTECTION s DEPOSIT TAKING BANKS s DEPOSITOR s DIRECTIVE ON DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DISSOLUTION s DOMESTIC BANK s DOMESTIC BANKING s ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s EFFECTIVE DEPOSIT INSURANCE s ELIGIBLE DEPOSIT s ENFORCEMENT OF CREDITOR s ENFORCEMENT OF CREDITOR RIGHTS s ESTATE s EVENT OF BANK FAILURE s EXCHANGE RATE s FAILING BANK s FAILURE RESOLUTION s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL AUTONOMY s FINANCIAL CONDITION s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DIFFICULTY s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL SAFETY NET s FINANCIAL SAFETY-NET s FINANCIAL SECTOR REFORM s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FLAT RATE PREMIUM s FLAT RATE PREMIUMS s FOREIGN BANK s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN BRANCHES s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY DEPOSITS s FOREIGN DEPOSIT s FOREIGN DEPOSITS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK s GOOD FAITH s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS s HEALTHY BANK s INCENTIVES FOR DEPOSITORS s INDIVIDUAL BANKS s INDIVIDUAL DEPOSITORS s INDIVIDUAL DEPOSITS s INFORMATION ON DEPOSIT INSURANCE s INSURABLE DEPOSIT s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE OF DEPOSITS s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURANCE SCHEME s INSURED BANK s INSURED BANKS s INSURED DEPOSIT s INSURED DEPOSIT TRANSFER s INSURED DEPOSITORS s INSURED DEPOSITS s INSURER OF DEPOSITS s INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS s INVESTMENT POLICIES s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO s INVESTMENT PRODUCTS s ISSUE OF DEPOSIT INSURANCE s JUDICIAL PROCESSES s JURISDICTION s JURISDICTIONS s LEGAL ACTION s LEGAL ACTIONS s LEGAL AUTHORITY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGAL REFORM s LEGAL REQUIREMENTS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LEVEL OF COVERAGE s LEVEL OF INSURANCE COVERAGE s LEVEL OF PREMIUMS s LIABILITY s LIABILITY STRUCTURE s LIMITED COVERAGE s LIMITED COVERAGE SYSTEM s LIMITED DEPOSIT INSURANCE s LINE OF CREDIT s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDATION PROCESS s LIQUIDATIONS s LIQUIDATOR s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RATIOS s LIQUIDITY REQUIREMENTS s LIQUIDITY RISK s MANDATE s MANDATES s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET STRUCTURE s MATURITY DATE s MEMBER BANK s MEMBER BANKS s MORAL HAZARD s OBJECTIVES FOR DEPOSIT INSURANCE s OBLIGATIONS TO DEPOSITORS s OVERDUE LOANS s OWNERSHIP INTEREST s PAYMENTS TO DEPOSITORS s PREMIUM PAYMENTS s PRICE STABILITY s PRIORITY CLAIMS s PRIVATE BANKERS s PROCUREMENT s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROTECTING DEPOSITORS s PRUDENTIAL REGULATION s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEPOSIT INSURANCE s RECEIVER s RECEIVERSHIP s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s SALARY s SETTLEMENT s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL DEPOSITORS s SOLVENCY s SUPERVISORY ACTIONS s SYSTEM ASSETS s TRANSACTION ACCOUNTS s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILLS English en_US This assessment of compliance with the core principles for effective deposit insurance systems (core principles) was conducted as a part of the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) performed by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank at the request of the Albanian government. This assessment was conducted by Claire McGuire, Senior Financial Sector Specialist with the World Bank, during a mission to Albania from October 28th to November 11th, 2013. The assessment was based on a review of relevant laws, regulations and regulatory and supervisory practices related to the banking sector and the operations of ADIA. Multiple meetings were held with various employees of the Bank of Albania (BOA), Ministry of Finance (MOF), the Banker's Association, the two savings and credit associations, and ADIA. ADIA completed a self-assessment in preparation for the FSAP 40 17-11-21 00:18:43.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871230 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19296 Volltext, Open Access

1759726664

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726664 OCoLC 1255600013 WBOKR 19293 EBP 064563073 KEP 064563073 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19293 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Program - Albania Developing Private Pensions in Albania International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource ALBANIA Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCOUNT HOLDER s ACCOUNT MANAGEMENT s ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS s AFFORDABILITY s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s ANNUITY MARKET s ASSET CLASSES s ASSET MANAGERS s AUCTION s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK DEPOSITS s BANKING SUPERVISION s BASIC PENSION s BENEFIT FORMULAS s BEQUESTS s BONDS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COMPANY LAW s COMPANY PENSION s CONTRIBUTION COLLECTION s CONTRIBUTION RATES s CONVERSIONS s COST REDUCTION s COST STRUCTURE s CUSTOMER ACQUISITION s CUSTOMER BASE s DEPENDENCY RATIOS s DISABILITY s DISABILITY PENSION s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKET s DOMESTIC ECONOMY s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYER s EMPLOYERS s ENROLLMENT s ENROLLMENTS s EQUITIES s EQUITY MARKETS s EU s EU DIRECTIVES s EXCESS RETURN s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXTREME POVERTY s FEE INCOME s FINANCE CORPORATION s FINANCIAL ACCOUNT s FINANCIAL ADVANTAGE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL PRODUCT s FINANCIAL REGULATORS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR ASSESSMENT s FINANCIAL SECURITY s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEM STABILITY s FUND MANAGEMENT s FUTURE PENSION s GENDER s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER GAP s GENDER INEQUALITY s GLOBAL INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT BONDS s HOME s HOME COUNTRY s HOME OWNERSHIP s HOMEOWNERSHIP s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IDS s ILLIQUIDITY s INCOMES s INFLATION s INFORMAL SECTORS s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTICS s INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT s INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENTS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT RETURNS s INVESTMENT RISK s INVESTMENT STRATEGIES s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s JOINT ANNUITIES s JOINT ANNUITY s JUDGE s KEY CHALLENGES s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LAWS s LEGAL ENVIRONMENT s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LEVEL OF ASSETS s LIFE ANNUITIES s LIFE ANNUITY s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LOAN s LOCAL CAPITAL MARKET s MANDATORY SAVING s MARKET STRUCTURE s MARKET TRENDS s MICROENTERPRISES s MINIMUM WAGE s MORTALITY s MORTALITY TABLES s MORTGAGE s OCCUPATIONAL RETIREMENT s OUTSOURCING s PAY AS YOU GO s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PENSION s PENSION ASSETS s PENSION CONTRIBUTIONS s PENSION COVERAGE s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUND MANAGEMENT s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION INCOME s PENSION LAW s PENSION PLAN s PENSION PLANS s PENSION POLICY s PENSION PRODUCTS s PENSION PROVISION s PENSION REFORM s PENSION REFORM PROCESS s PENSION REFORMS s PENSION SAVING s PENSION SECTORS s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONERS s PENSIONS s POOLS OF SAVINGS s POTENTIAL INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE PENSION FUNDS s PRIVATE PENSIONS s PRIVATE SAVINGS s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PROPERTY MARKETS s PROVIDENT FUNDS s PUBLIC SYSTEM s PUBLIC SYSTEMS s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s RATE OF RETURN s REGULATORS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE ENERGY s REPLACEMENT RATE s REPLACEMENT RATES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT AGE s RETIREMENT AGES s RETIREMENT DATE s RETIREMENT INCOME s RETIREMENT INCOME SYSTEM s RETURN s RETURNS s SCANDAL s SECURITIES s SMALL COUNTRY s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL POLICY s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOURCES OF FINANCE s START-UP s START-UP COSTS s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s TAX s TAX BENEFIT s TAX BENEFITS s TAX BURDEN s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX RELIEF s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TERM DEPOSIT s TRACK RECORD s TRANSFERABLE SECURITIES s TRUSTEE s TRUSTEES s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNION s VOLUNTARY PENSION s VOLUNTARY PENSION FUNDS s VOLUNTARY PENSIONS s WILL s WITHDRAWAL English en_US This note sets out options to develop private pensions in Albania. It has been requested by the authorities to help create a more diversified pension system that can deliver improved outcomes for Albania in decades to come. A diversified pension system mixes state and private pensions as well as other sources of retirement income. The analysis, diagnosis, and recommendations use an outcome-based assessment framework. This technical note looks at how the pension system performs relative to 5 key outcomes: efficiency, sustainability, coverage, adequacy, and security. These outcomes depend on the political and economic environment in which a pension system operates, and its overall design including regulatory framework, market structure and conduct, and supervisory approach 40 17-11-21 00:18:43.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871249 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19293 Volltext, Open Access

1759726672

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726672 OCoLC 1255599930 WBOKR 19294 EBP 064563065 KEP 064563065 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19294 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Program - Albania Corporate Sector Financial Reporting International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource ALBANIA Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNT s ACCOUNTANCY s ACCOUNTANTS s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING CURRICULUM s ACCOUNTING REFORM s ACCOUNTING SERVICES s ACCOUNTING STANDARD s ACCOUNTS s AUDIT COMMITTEES s AUDIT ENGAGEMENTS s AUDIT REPORTS s AUDITED FINANCIAL INFORMATION s AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s AUDITING s AUDITING PROFESSION s AUDITING STANDARDS s AUDITORS s AUDITS s AUTONOMY s BALANCE SHEET s BANKING LEGISLATION s BANKING SECTOR s BANKS s BROKERAGE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS ETHICS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s DEPOSITS s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL AUDITORS s FACTORING s FINANCIAL COMPANIES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENTS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s GOOD PRACTICE s HARMONIZATION s INCOME s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s INSURERS s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS COMMITTEE s INTERNATIONAL AUDITING STANDARDS s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s LAWS s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGISLATION s LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES s PEER REVIEW s PENALTIES s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY AUDITS s QUALITY CONTROL s REGULATOR s REGULATORS s REGULATORY BODIES s REPUTATION s SECURITIES s SECURITIES REGULATORS s SHAREHOLDERS s SINGLE MARKET s STATUTORY AUDITORS s STOCK EXCHANGE s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER s VOLATILITY English en_US This note is prepared as part of the financial sector assessment program (FSAP). Its main objective is to describe the status and recent developments in corporate financial reporting framework in Albania and highlight key issues relevant to financial sector. The note represents a technical annex to the main FSAP aide-memoire and seeks to provide a high level overview of developments since the 2006 accounting and auditing report on the observance of standards and codes (A and A ROSC), and highlight the areas that are most relevant to the financial sector. Notable progress has been made in developing modern corporate financial reporting framework in Albania since 2006, especially in improving the statutory framework and efforts to align it with the European Union (EU) acquis communautaire. The major consequences are that there is limited financial information on corporate entities available on the market that is reliable for economic decision making or supervision of financial sector entities. The capacity and skills of institutions responsible for accounting and auditing regulation, as well as accounting and auditing profession in Albania need further development. The annex one to this note offers details on status of implementation of 2006 A and A ROSC policy recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:18:43.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871257 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19294 Volltext, Open Access

1759726680

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726680 OCoLC 1255599968 WBOKR 19295 EBP 064563057 KEP 064563057 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19295 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Program - Albania Public Debt Management International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource ALBANIA Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTING s ANNUAL BORROWING PLAN s ARREARS s AUCTION s AUCTION MECHANISM s AUCTIONS s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK DEPOSITS s BANKING SECTOR s BASIS POINTS s BENCHMARK BONDS s BID s BIDS s BOND AUCTION s BOND AUCTIONS s BOND INVESTORS s BOND STOCK s BOOK ENTRY s BOOK ENTRY SYSTEM s BORROWING COSTS s BORROWING REQUIREMENT s BORROWING STRATEGIES s BROKERAGE s BUY-BACKS s BUYBACKS s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH BALANCE s CASH BALANCES s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CASH RESERVE s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBT s CENTRAL SECURITIES DEPOSITORY s CLEARING HOUSE s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL LOANS s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COUPON BONDS s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT RISKS s CREDITORS s CUSTODY s DEBT INSTRUMENTS s DEBT ISSUANCE s DEBT LEVEL s DEBT OPERATIONS s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS s DEBT STOCK s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITORY SYSTEM s DERIVATIVES s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKET s DOMESTIC DEBT SECURITIES s DOMESTIC MARKET s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE RATE s EXIT MECHANISM s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICIES s FIXED COUPON s FIXED INTEREST s FIXED RATE BONDS s FLOATING INTEREST RATE s FLOATING RATE s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEBT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT PAPER s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES AUCTIONS s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES MARKET s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLD TO MATURITY s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s HOLDINGS OF GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s ILLIQUID MARKET s INDIVIDUAL BONDS s INDIVIDUAL INVESTORS s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATE RISKS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES s INTERPOLATION s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTMENT HORIZONS s INVESTOR BASE s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCE OF TREASURY BILLS s LIABILITY s LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUID MARKET s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY POSITIONS s LIQUIDITY RISK s LOAN s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LONG-TERM INSTRUMENTS s LONG-TERM INVESTORS s MARK-TO-MARKET s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET ENVIRONMENT s MARKET FOR GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET MAKING s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET RISKS s MARKET STRUCTURE s MARKET TRADES s MARKET TRANSACTIONS s MARKET YIELD s MARKETABLE DEBT s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MATURITY DATE s MONETARY AUTHORITY s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s OUTSTANDING DEBT s PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO VALUATION s PORTFOLIOS s POST OFFICES s PRICE DISCOVERY s PRICE TRANSPARENCY s PRIMARY DEALER s PRIMARY DEALER SYSTEM s PRIMARY MARKET s PRIVATE CREDITORS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC DEBT STOCK s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPAYMENT s REPO s REPO RATE s RETAIL INVESTOR s RETAIL INVESTORS s RISK CONTROL s RISK PROFILE s SAFETY NETS s SECONDARY MARKET s SECONDARY MARKET ACTIVITY s SECONDARY MARKET DEVELOPMENT s SECONDARY MARKET LIQUIDITY s SECONDARY MARKET PRICE s SECONDARY MARKET TRADING s SECONDARY MARKET TRANSACTIONS s SECONDARY MARKETS s SECURITIES MARKET DEVELOPMENT s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT SYSTEM s SETTLEMENT SYSTEMS s SHORT-TERM BONDS s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SUB-NATIONAL BORROWINGS s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s T-BILL s T-BILLS s T-BOND s T-BONDS s TAX s TIME DEPOSITS s TOTAL DEBT s TRANSACTION s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILL AUCTION s TREASURY BILL AUCTIONS s TREASURY BILLS s TREASURY BOND s TREASURY BOND AUCTIONS s TREASURY BONDS s TREASURY NOTES s TURNOVER s UNIFORM PRICES s VALUATION s VALUATION FRAMEWORK s VARIABLE COUPON s VARIABLE RATES s YIELD CURVE English en_US Government debt continues to expand, reaching over all 872 billion, approximately 62 percent of gross domestic product (GDP), as of end-September 2013. Domestic debt grew sharply in the first half of 2013, emanating largely from poor tax revenue performance, together with the accumulation of a large stock of unpaid bills and arrears. External debt creditors comprise multilaterals, bilateral creditors, and private creditors. The concentrated nature of the investor base and the high domestic debt stock limit the choices available to debt management, particularly with regards to extending the maturity of the domestic debt. Public debt management in Albania follows an organized process but will benefit from a number of technical changes. The domestic borrowing plan has been revised frequently due to unexpected flows in the treasury account. In an environment of volatile treasury balances, cash flows safety nets or minimum cash buffers should be implemented. A number of initiatives are recommended to improve the transmission of price signals in the primary market - overall this will provide incentives for secondary market development. To support the development of the secondary market the General Directorate of public debt management should modify its issuance program and focus on key maturities on the yield curve. It is suggested that the issuance program takes a small step in this direction by limiting the number of tenors and focusing on for example, two, five, seven, and ten-year treasury bonds as well as increasing the frequency of 5 and 7-year maturities from quarterly to bi-monthly. This will provide more frequent price discovery in the primary market that will support portfolio valuation 40 17-11-21 00:18:43.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871265 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19295 Volltext, Open Access

1759726699

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726699 OCoLC 1255599919 WBOKR 19299 EBP 064563049 KEP 064563049 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19299 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Congo Enhancing Efficiency in Education and Health Public Spending for Improved Quality Service Delivery for All World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Congo, Republic of s ABILITY TO PAY s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ADULT LITERACY s ARMED CONFLICTS s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC HEALTH SERVICES s BUDGET EXECUTION s BURDEN OF DISEASE s C-SECTIONS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL STOCK s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD MORTALITY RATE s CHILD MORTALITY RATES s CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS s CYCLE OF POVERTY s DEATH RATE s DEBT s DECISION MAKING s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISPENSARIES s DISSEMINATION s DOCTORS s DROPOUT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION DISPARITIES s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EQUITABLE ACCESS s EQUITY IN ACCESS s EXCHANGE RATE s FAMILIES s FERTILITY s FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION s FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL OPERATIONS s FISCAL REVENUE s FORMAL EDUCATION s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER EQUITY s GENDER PARITY s GENERIC DRUGS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS NATIONAL INCOME s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE DELIVERY s HEALTH CARE FACILITIES s HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH CONDITIONS s HEALTH EDUCATION s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH FINANCING s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH MINISTRIES s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH POSTS s HEALTH PROBLEMS s HEALTH PROVIDERS s HEALTH RISKS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICE s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH STATUS s HEALTH SYSTEM s HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING s HEALTH SYSTEM PERFORMANCE s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS s HIGH RATES OF FERTILITY s HIV s HIV/AIDS s HOSPITAL s HOSPITAL BEDS s HOSPITAL UTILIZATION s HOSPITALS s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s IDEAL NUMBER OF CHILDREN s ILLNESS s ILLNESSES s INCIDENCE ANALYSIS s INEQUITIES s INFANT s INFANT DEATHS s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INFECTIOUS DISEASES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INTEGRATION s INTERVENTION s JOB CREATION s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LEGAL STATUS s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIMITED RESOURCES s LITERACY RATES s LIVE BIRTHS s LIVING CONDITIONS s MALARIA s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MATERNAL HEALTH s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE s MEASLES s MEDICAL DOCTORS s MEDICAL SERVICES s MEDICAL SUPPLIES s MEDICINES s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINISTRY OF ECONOMY s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MORTALITY s MOTHER s NATIONAL AUTHORITIES s NATIONAL COUNCIL s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL POLICY s NEO-NATAL MORTALITY s NUMBER OF DEATHS s NURSES s PALLIATIVE CARE s PATIENT s PATIENTS s PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS s PHYSICIANS s POLIO s POPULATION DENSITY s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s PRE-NATAL CARE s PREGNANCY s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PROGRESS s PROVISION OF EDUCATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCIAL AID s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM s PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAMS s PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES s PUBLIC HOSPITALS s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY OF CARE s QUALITY OF HEALTH s QUALITY OF SERVICES s QUALITY SERVICE s REFERRAL FACILITY s REGIONAL INEQUALITIES s REGIONAL NEEDS s REPEATERS s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE MOBILIZATION s RETENTION RATE s RURAL AREAS s RURAL POPULATIONS s SCHOOL AGE s SCHOOL CHILDREN s SCHOOL YEARS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECTORAL ALLOCATION s SECTORAL ALLOCATIONS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SET OF GOALS s SOCIAL SECTORS s SOVEREIGNTY s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TEACHER RATIO s TEACHER SALARIES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TRADITIONAL HEALERS s TRANSPARENCY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNION MEMBERS s UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBANIZATION s USE OF CONTRACEPTION s USE OF CONTRACEPTIVES s USE OF HEALTH SERVICES s USE OF RESOURCES s USER FEES s VACCINATION s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s WOMAN s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION pha English en_US The development of a wealthier, literate, and healthy society is a fundamental goal of Congo's national development plan (NDP) 2012-16 and poverty reduction strategy paper (PRSP) 2012-16. Appropriate funding allocations and efficient use of funds in education and health are fundamental for the development of the sectors. This public expenditure review (PER) of the Congolese education and health sectors aims at providing inputs to improve efficiency and equity in spending in these sectors. It takes into account the following findings of the macro PER: (i) spending on the social sectors is still low although it has increased over time; (ii) the fiscal space generated by the increased oil revenues has largely boosted investment expenditure; and (iii) budget execution is low which contributes to lower the real level of public spending. The PER is divided in two main parts. Part I, constitutes an overview of the two sector reports. Thus, it presents a brief analysis of the context of the country, a summary of findings of the education and health PER, a discussion on cross-cutting themes on spending in the two sectors, and a summary of recommendations. Part II includes the education and health PER 40 17-11-21 00:18:43.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871273 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19299 Volltext, Open Access

1759726702

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726702 OCoLC 1255599487 WBOKR 19316 EBP 064563030 KEP 064563030 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19316 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Using Locational Data from Mobile Phones to Enhance the Science of Delivery Ryan Haddad VerfasserIn aut Tim Kelly VerfasserIn aut Teemu Leinonen VerfasserIn aut Vesa Saarinen VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource s 3G s ABSTRACTION s ADVERTISEMENTS s ADVERTISING s API s ATTRIBUTES s BANDWIDTH s BASIC s BOUNDARIES s BROADBAND s BUSINESS REGISTRATION s BUSINESSES s CACHE s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s CATALOGUE s CELL PHONE s CELL-PHONE s CELL-PHONES s CELLPHONE s CELLULAR NETWORK s CITIES s CODES s COLLABORATION s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES s COMMUNITIES s COMPONENTS s COMPUTER PROCESSING s COMPUTERS s COMPUTING s CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK s CONFIGURATIONS s CONNECTIVITY s CONSULTING SERVICES s CONSUMER MARKETS s CONTENT MANAGEMENT s CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s CONTENT PROVIDERS s CONTENTS s COPYING s COPYRIGHT s CUSTOMIZATION s DATA ANALYSIS s DATA CENTER s DATA COLLECTION s DATA FORMATS s DATA MINING s DATA RELATIONSHIP s DATA SOURCES s DATA STORAGE s DESCRIPTION s DESIGN OF INFORMATION s DIGITAL s DIRECT CONNECTION s E-MAIL s E-MAILS s EMAILS s END-USER s ENTRY s ENTRY POINT s EQUIPMENT s EXPERIMENTATION s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FUNCTIONALITY s GENERAL PUBLIC s GLOBAL POSITIONING SATELLITES s GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM s GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEMS s GPS s ICT s ID s IDS s IMAGE s IMAGES s IMAGINATION s IMAGING s IMPLEMENTATIONS s INFERENCE s INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s INFORMATION FLOWS s INFORMATION SHARING s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRARED s INNOVATION s INNOVATION POLICY s INNOVATIONS s INSIGHTS s INSTALLATION s INTERFACE s INTERFACES s INTEROPERABILITY s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LEADING s LEARNING s LIBRARIES s LICENSES s LOCALIZATION s LOOPS s MARKETING s MARKUP s MARKUP LANGUAGE s MARKUP LANGUAGES s MASS MARKET s MATERIAL s MEDIA s MEMORY s METADATA s MIDDLEWARE s MOBILE APPLICATION s MOBILE APPLICATIONS s MOBILE DEVICE s MOBILE DEVICES s MOBILE NETWORK s MOBILE NETWORKS s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE PHONES s MOBILE USER s MOBILE USERS s MONITORS s NAVIGATION s NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM s NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEMS s NETWORK SOCIETY s NETWORKING s NETWORKS s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s NEW TECHNOLOGY s OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE s OPERATING SYSTEM s OPERATING SYSTEMS s PHOTOS s PHYSICAL LOCATION s PHYSICAL LOCATIONS s PLUG-INS s PRACTITIONERS s PRIVACY s PRIVACY CONCERNS s PRIVACY ISSUES s PROGRAMMING s PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC ACCESS s PUBLIC ACCESS POINTS s PUBLIC UTILITIES s QUERIES s RADIO s RADIO FREQUENCIES s RADIO FREQUENCY s RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION s RADIO SIGNALS s RADIOS s REAL TIME s REAL-TIME DATA s RELIABILITY s RESEARCHERS s RESULTS s RFID s RISK FACTORS s SATELLITE s SATELLITES s SCIENTISTS s SDI s SEARCH s SENSORS s SERVER s SERVER DATABASE s SERVERS s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SITE s SITES s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL ENTERPRISE s SOCIAL INTERACTION s SOFTWARE APPLICATION s SOFTWARE COMPANIES s SOFTWARE COMPANY s SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT s SOFTWARE PRODUCT s SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS s SUPERVISION s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT s TAGGING s TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT s TECHNOLOGICAL POSSIBILITIES s TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTATION s TELECOM s TELECOM COMPANIES s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY s TELEPHONE s TELEPHONE COMPANIES s TRANSMISSION s TRANSMISSIONS s TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURES s UNIQUE ID s UNIVERSAL ACCESS s USABILITY s USER s USERS s USES s VARIETY s VENDOR s VIDEO s VIDEOS s WEB s WEB APPLICATION s WEB APPLICATIONS s WEB BROWSER s WEB DEVELOPERS s WEB INTERFACE s WEB SERVICE s WIFI s WIRELESS s WIRELESS ACCESS s WIRELESS SERVICE English en_US The objective of this report is to examine the potential of locational data for the 'science of delivery' in the field of development. The 'science of delivery' is a term popularized by the World Bank President, Jim Yong Kim, and refers to using evidence-based experimentation to improve development outcomes (Walji, 2013). In this context, locational data is a new tool that is starting to be used in a variety of development fields including health, education, disaster risk management, traffic planning etc. this broad introduction to the topic in chapter one, the next chapter explores the technology behind locational data. Chapter three presents the methodology followed in this research and chapter four, which is the heart of this report, then presents a series of mini case studies of how it is actually being used in a representative sample of different development fields. This is the 'evidence-based experimentation' which can be harnessed to improve the 'science of delivery', and examples of both active and passive collection of locational data are presented. Finally, chapter five examines, in broader terms, the longer term potential of locational data as a development tool, once smartphone ownership becomes more widespread 40 17-11-21 00:18:43.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871281 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19316 Volltext, Open Access

1759726710

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726710 OCoLC 1255599988 WBOKR 19326 EBP 064563022 KEP 064563022 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19326 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia - Avoiding the Trap Development Policy Review 2014 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURE s ASSETS s AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY s BANK CREDIT s BANK FINANCING s BASIC EDUCATION s BROKER s BROKERAGE s BUDGETING s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL STOCK s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COAL s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER DURABLES s COORDINATION FAILURES s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE BOND MARKET s CORPORATE BONDS s CREDIT CONSTRAINT s DEBT s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICIT SPENDING s DEMOGRAPHICS s DEPOSIT s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT SECURITIES s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMICS s ECONOMISTS s ELECTRICITY s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS s ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL s EQUIPMENT s ESCROW s EXCHANGE RATE s EXISTING WORKFORCE s EXPENDITURE s EXPORTS s EXTREME POVERTY s FACTOR MARKETS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCING REQUIREMENT s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL REFORMS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FORESTRY s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL INTEREST s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT DEFICIT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GRANT ALLOCATION s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH THEORY s HEALTH SPENDING s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME LEVEL s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FINANCE s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s INVESTOR PROTECTION s ISSUANCE s JOB CREATION s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET ISSUES s LABOR MARKET RIGIDITIES s LABOR MOVEMENT s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR UNIONS s LAND REFORMS s LANDOWNERS s LEGAL ENVIRONMENT s LEGAL RIGHTS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LICENSES s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MANPOWER s MATURITY s MATURITY SPECTRUM s MINIMUM WAGE s MORTALITY s MULTIPLIER EFFECTS s MUNICIPAL BONDS s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NOMINAL WAGES s OIL s OIL PRICE s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUND ASSETS s PERVERSE INCENTIVES s PHYSICAL ASSETS s PHYSICAL SECURITY s POLICY RESPONSE s PORTS s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE RISKS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PRODUCERS s PRODUCT MARKETS s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL GDP s REAL INCOME s REGULATORY BARRIERS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RETAINED EARNINGS s RETURN s REVENUE COLLECTION s RISK AVERSION s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK PROFILE s ROADS s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SETTLEMENT s SEVERANCE PAY s STRUCTURAL CHANGE s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s TAX s TAX EXPENDITURES s TAX REFORM s TAX REFORMS s TAX REVENUES s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL OUTPUT s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE LAWS s TRANSPARENCY s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBANIZATION s VALUATION s WAGE COUNCILS s WAGE INCREASES s WAGES s WEALTH English en_US Within the next two decades Indonesia aspires to generate prosperity, avoid a middle-income trap, and leave no one behind as it tries to catch up with high-income economies. Can Indonesia achieve them? This report argues that the country has the potential to rise and become more prosperous and equitable. But the risk of floating in the middle is real. Which pathway the economy will take depends on: (i) the adoption of a growth strategy that unleashes the productivity potential of the economy; and (ii) consistent implementation of a few, long-standing, high-priority structural reforms to boost growth and share prosperity more widely. Indonesia is fortunate to have options in financing these reforms without threatening its long-term fiscal outlook. The difficulties lie in getting the reforms implemented in a complex institutional and decentralized framework. The report identifies the reforms of institutions and processes that govern the functioning of the state as critical for unleashing the country's development potential. The report provides an analytical underpinning for the Bank's country partnership strategy 2009-14 and shapes the Bank's support to the government's rencana pembangunan jangka menengah nasional (RPJMN) 2010-2014 40 17-11-21 00:18:43.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987129X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19326 Volltext, Open Access

1759726729

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726729 OCoLC 1255599989 WBOKR 19300 EBP 064563014 KEP 064563014 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19300 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Zambia Economic Brief, June 2014 Promoting Trade and Competitiveness - What Can Zambia Do? World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Zambia economic brief Issue 3 Africa Zambia s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY s ADMINISTRATIVE COST s ADOLESCENT FERTILITY s AIR POLLUTION s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s ARREARS s BANKS s BENEFICIARIES s BORROWING s BRANCH NETWORK s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONTRACEPTION s CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE s CONTRACT RIGHTS s CORPORATE TAXES s CORRUPTION s COST OF SUBSIDIES s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEBT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT POLICY s DEBT RATIOS s DEBT SERVICE s DEBTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION MAKING s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISCRIMINATION s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s DONOR FUNDS s E-GOVERNMENT s EARLY CHILDHOOD s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC RESOURCES s EDUCATION FINANCE s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EMERGING MARKETS s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s ENDOWMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s ENVIRONMENTS s EQUAL ACCESS s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILIES s FINANCIAL CAPITAL s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL WEAKNESS s FINANCIAL WEAKNESSES s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FISH s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FRAGILE GROUP s FRAGILE GROUPS s FRAUD s GENDER s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER GAPS s GENDER INEQUALITIES s GENDER ISSUES s GENDER PARITY s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUSBANDS s ILLITERACY s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE CEILINGS s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGAL RIGHTS s LIQUIDITY s LIVE BIRTHS s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MALE LABOR FORCE s MALE PARTICIPATION s MARRIED WOMEN s MATERNAL HEALTH s MATERNAL HEALTH CARE s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL s MONETARY AUTHORITIES s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL CONSTITUTION s NATURAL RESOURCES s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OIL s OPERATING COSTS s PARLIAMENTARY SEATS s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONS s POLICY ANALYSIS s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POLICY ENVIRONMENTS s POLICY REGIME s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POLITICAL STABILITY s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY ENROLMENT RATIOS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PROGRESS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC BUDGETS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT DATA s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC SPENDING s QUALITATIVE INFORMATION s QUOTAS s REFUGEES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s RESERVES s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RESOURCE USE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK OF DEBT s RULE OF LAW s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL ENROLMENT s SECURITY SITUATION s SOCIAL EXPENDITURES s SOVEREIGN BONDS s STATUTORY LAW s SUB-NATIONAL DEBT s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TARIFF BARRIERS s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX DEDUCTIONS s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE REGIMES s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s USER FEES s VALUATION s VENTURE CAPITAL s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE PEOPLE s WAGES s WATER POLLUTION English en_US Zambia continues to experience strong growth, but challenges are building up. Copper prices are declining, and global financial conditions are tightening. At home, the fiscal deficit is becoming difficult to manage, and Zambia's currency has sharply depreciated. The government intends to reduce future budget deficits, but this would involve making difficult political choices. In the past few years inflation and interest rates have declined and the currency has been relatively stable, providing an environment for growth and reducing poverty. High inflation would hurt the poor most. The brief specifically focuses on the opportunity for Zambia to emerge as a major food exporter to Eastern and Southern Africa and the policy direction that would take it there; the need to reduce high costs of crossing borders that will facilitate regional trade in non-copper products; and a long-term approach to developing competitiveness of the local mining supply cluster 40 17-11-21 00:18:43.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871303 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19300 Volltext, Open Access

1759726737

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:06.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726737 OCoLC 1255600035 WBOKR 19303 EBP 064563006 KEP 064563006 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19303 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Malaysia Economic Monitor, June 2014 Boosting Trade Competitiveness World Bank VerfasserIn aut Bangkok 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Malaysia s ADVANCED ECONOMIES s ANNUAL GROWTH s ASSET SALES s BANK OFFICE s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BENCHMARK s BENCHMARK INTEREST RATE s BILL s BUFFERS s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL GOODS s CAPITAL GOODS IMPORTS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s CAPITAL RATIO s CENTRAL BANK s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY EXPORTS s COMMODITY PRICES s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s CONSENSUS FORECASTS s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CORPORATE INCOME TAXES s CREDIT CARDS s CURRENCY ASSETS s CURRENCY SWAPS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s CURRENT ACCOUNTS s DEBT s DEBT SECURITIES s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPING ECONOMIES s DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DIVIDEND s DOLLAR VALUE s DOMESTIC COMPETITION s DOMESTIC CONDITIONS s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC DEMAND GROWTH s DRAG ON GROWTH s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC RESEARCH s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKETS s ENERGY EXPORTS s ENTRY POINT s EQUITIES s EQUITY MARKET s EQUITY MARKETS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORTERS s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL DEMAND s EXTERNAL TRADE s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED INVESTMENT s FIXED INVESTMENTS s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE REGIME s FOOD PRICES s FORECASTS s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY ASSETS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN MARKETS s FOREIGN VALUE s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENT s FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS s FUTURES s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL ECONOMIC PROSPECTS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL PORTFOLIO s GLOBAL TRADE s GOVERNMENT DEFICIT s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROSS NATIONAL INCOME s GROWTH IN TRADE s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES s IMBALANCES s IMPORT s IMPORT CONTENT s IMPORT DEMAND s IMPORTS s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME TAX s INCOMES s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION s INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVENTORIES s ITC s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LEVERAGE s LIBERALIZATION s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOOSE MONETARY POLICIES s M3 s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET PRESSURES s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SHARES s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MONETARY CONDITIONS s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE DEBT s MORTGAGE LOANS s MULTINATIONAL CORPORATION s NATIONAL INCOME s NET CAPITAL s NET EXPORTS s NOMINAL DEPRECIATION s OIL EXPORTS s OIL PRICES s OUTPUT GAP s PENSIONS s PERSONAL COMPUTER s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO FLOWS s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PORTFOLIOS s POTENTIAL OUTPUT s PRICE HIKES s PRICE INDEX s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s RE-EXPORTS s REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s REAL ESTATE s REAL GDP s REAL INTEREST RATE s REAL WAGE GROWTH s REGIONAL TRADE s REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SECURITIES MARKET s SETTLEMENT s SHORT-TERM EXTERNAL DEBT s SKILLS SHORTAGE s SKILLS SHORTAGES s SLOWDOWN s SPARE CAPACITY s SUPPLY CONDITIONS s TARIFF BARRIERS s TAX s TAX HIKES s TAX REVENUES s TOTAL EXPORTS s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE COMPETITIVENESS s TRADE NEGOTIATIONS s TRADE RESTRICTIVENESS s UNCERTAINTY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VALUE ADDED s VOLATILITY s WAGE GROWTH s WAGES s WORKING CAPITAL s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US This economic update provides an overview for 2013 and early 2014 in Malaysia and an analysis of structural trends in trade competitiveness. The economy overcame a weak start in 2013 to experience GDP growth through 2014. The improved performance was driven mainly by a recovery in exports, including of the long-ailing electrical and electronics sector. The outlook remains favorable and GDP is expected to continue growing through 2015. Growth will be sustained by positive external conditions, with foreign demand outweighing headwinds in domestic demand. Investment and imports of capital goods will remain robust as large projects move forward. Medium-term fiscal consolidation remains on track and the debt-to-GDP ratio has stabilized, but additional spending measures are needed for the Government to meet its 2014 deficit target. The central bank has signaled that it may have to tighten policy to avoid the build-up of financial imbalances. Labor markets are healthy, and Malaysia has enjoyed higher employment levels, real wage gains, and higher labor incomes. External risks to the economic outlook have receded, but the high share of Malaysia's foreign debt means it is sensitive to international volatility. Boosting exports to fully leverage the improved external environment will be critical for sustained growth. The report's analysis of Malaysia's trade competitiveness focuses on its ability to grow exports and the domestic value-added. Malaysia's exports had been faltering since before the Global Financial Crisis. The core electrical and electronics sector declined in the 2000s, and Malaysia's domestic value-added is relatively low due to limited domestic linkages. Exports of services have also lagged and remain an area of significant potential. Restrictive Government policies play a role in hindering export growth, although the Government has recently embarked on a liberalization of service sectors. Improving domestic value-added tasks will require addressing skill gaps. Finally, Malaysia's upcoming chairmanship in ASEAN offers concrete avenues to boost trade competitiveness 40 17-11-21 00:18:43.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871311 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19303 Volltext, Open Access

1759726745

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726745 OCoLC 1255600062 WBOKR 19305 EBP 064562999 KEP 064562999 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19305 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic Public Expenditure Review Policy Notes Public Investment Management World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s ACCOUNTABILITY ARRANGEMENTS s ACCOUNTABILITY FOR PERFORMANCE s ADMINISTRATIVE CULTURE s ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK s AGGREGATE BUDGET s AGGREGATE EXPENDITURE s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL BUDGET s APPROPRIATIONS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AUDITORS s BANK POLICY s BENEFICIARIES s BIDS s BUDGET CIRCULAR s BUDGET CODE s BUDGET COMMISSION s BUDGET DECISION s BUDGET DEPARTMENT s BUDGET DISCIPLINE s BUDGET EXPENDITURE s BUDGET FRAMEWORK s BUDGET LAW s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET ORGANIZATIONS s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET POLICY s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET PREPARATION CALENDAR s BUDGET PREPARATION PROCESS s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET PROPOSAL s BUDGET SUBMISSIONS s BUDGET SYSTEM s BUDGET SYSTEMS s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL BUDGET s CAPITAL BUDGETING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL SPENDING s CASH FLOW s CASH PLANNING s CASH RATIONING s CENTRAL AGENCIES s CENTRAL BANK s CHECKS s CIVIL SERVANTS s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COST EFFECTIVENESS s COST ESTIMATES s COST OF CAPITAL s COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s COUNTERPART FUNDING s CREDIBILITY s CURRENCY s DATA ENTRY s DECISION-MAKERS s DECISION-MAKING s DEMAND FOR SERVICES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC FUNDS s DOMESTIC INVESTMENT s DONOR ASSISTANCE s DONOR COORDINATION s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EVALUATION CAN s EVALUATION OF PROJECTS s EX POST ASSESSMENT s EX-POST EVALUATION s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE CEILING s EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s EXPENDITURE PLANS s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL AUDIT s FINANCE MINISTRY s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL CONTROL s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL PLAN s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL CONSTRAINT s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL REALITIES s FLOW OF INFORMATION s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT PRIORITIES s GOVERNMENT REGULATION s HUMAN RESOURCES s INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT s INFORMATION FLOWS s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INVESTMENT BUDGET s INVESTMENT BUDGETS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT FINANCING s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s INVESTMENT NEEDS s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO s INVESTMENT PRIORITIES s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT SPENDING s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL TRADITION s LOAN s LOCAL BUDGETS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LONG-TERM RESOURCE s MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM DEVELOPMENT s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM PERSPECTIVE s MICRO-MANAGEMENT s MINISTERIAL DEPARTMENTS s MINISTRY OF ECONOMY s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s NATIONAL AUDIT s NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s NATIONAL PRIORITIES s NATIONAL STRATEGY s PAYMENT DELAYS s PERFORMANCE AUDITING s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT s PERFORMANCE MONITORING s PERFORMANCE MONITORING SYSTEM s POTENTIAL INVESTMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROGRAM BUDGETING s PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC ENTITIES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT PROGRAM s PUBLIC INVESTMENT SPENDING s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC MONEY s PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR SPECIALIST s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY CONTROL s QUANTITATIVE INDICATORS s REALLOCATIONS s REFORM EFFORTS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVES s RESOURCE AVAILABILITY s RETURN s SECTOR POLICY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SHARE OF INVESTMENT s STATE AGENCY s STATE BANK s STATE BUDGET s STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES s STRATEGIC PLANS s SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTION s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY SYSTEM s TURNOVER s UNCERTAINTY English en_US Weaknesses in the public investment management (PIM) system may limit the gains from higher public sector investments in the Kyrgyz Republic. Capital spending has averaged 6.4 percent of GDP since 2010, up from 4.6 percent of GDP between 2005 and 2009, with significant investment in the energy sector and roads. Still, it remains unclear to what extent these investment decisions reflect the country's and sector priorities. Few projects, with the exception of donor-financed projects are subject to rigorous appraisal and there is no systematic procedure in place to monitor implementation progress. As a result, projects are often delayed or stalled and cost over-runs are frequent. Donor-financed projects, which comprise the bulk of public investment, are subject to relatively more rigorous project cycle management; however, they too face some of the same weaknesses. The rest of the note is structured as follows: section two provides a diagnosis of the public investment portfolio, including the structure of expenditures, the quality of the data, and a quantitative assessment of the efficacy and effectiveness of the public investment portfolio. The assessment builds on previous work on public investment in the Kyrgyz Republic, in particular the Public Investment Diagnostic undertaken in 2012 under the Capacity Building in Economic Management (CBEM) project. Section three reviews the institutional and administrative framework of PIM in Kyrgyz Republic. This draws largely from the draft Investment Diagnostic Report prepared in December 2012 using the eight key 'must-have' features of a well-functioning public investments framework proposed in Rajaram et.al. (2011). Finally, section four includes a summary of the findings and detailed recommendations on improving PIM 40 17-11-21 00:18:43.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987132X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19305 Volltext, Open Access

1759726753

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726753 OCoLC 1255599982 WBOKR 19304 EBP 064562980 KEP 064562980 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19304 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic Public Expenditure Review Policy Notes Pensions World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s ACCRUAL RATE s ANNUITY s ANNUITY FACTORS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AVERAGE WAGE GROWTH s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIC PENSION s BASIC PENSIONS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BENEFIT ADJUSTMENTS s BENEFIT FORMULA s BENEFIT INDEXATION s BENEFIT LEVELS s BENEFIT PAYMENTS s CASH FLOWS s CASH INCOME s CHANGES IN FERTILITY s COMPENSATION s CONSTANT SHARE s CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING s CONTRIBUTION RATE s CONTRIBUTION RATES s CURRENCY s DATA AVAILABILITY s DEFICIT FINANCING s DEFICITS s DEFINED BENEFIT s DEFINED CONTRIBUTIONS s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEMOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISABILITY s DISABILITY PENSION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELDERLY s ELDERLY POPULATION s EMPLOYEE s EQUITY ISSUES s EXCHANGE RATE s FAMILIES s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATE s FERTILITY RATES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FUND DATA s FUNDED COMPONENT s FUNDED COMPONENTS s FUNDED SCHEME s GENDER s GENDERS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION s GOVERNMENT PENSION s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH INSURANCE s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMMIGRATION s IMPLICIT PENSION DEBT s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME TAX s INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNT s INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS s INFLATION s INFLATION INDEXATION s INFLATION RATES s INFORMAL SECTOR s INITIAL RETIREMENT AGE s INSURANCE s INSURANCE PENSION s INSURANCE PENSIONS s INTEREST RATE s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT INCOME s INVESTMENT RETURNS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LEGISLATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIFE EXPECTANCY ESTIMATES s LONG TERM PROJECTIONS s LOW-INCOME ECONOMY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET DISTORTIONS s MIGRANT s MIGRANT WORKERS s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MORTALITY s MULTI-PILLAR SYSTEM s NATIONAL COMMITTEE s NATIONAL PENSION s NET WAGES s NOTIONAL ACCOUNT s NOTIONAL ACCOUNTS s NOTIONAL CAPITAL s OLD AGE s OLD-AGE s OLD-AGE PENSION s OLD-AGE PENSIONS s OLDER PERSONS s OUTPUT s OUTPUTS s PAY-AS-YOU-GO SYSTEM s PAYROLL TAX s PENSION s PENSION AT RETIREMENT s PENSION BENEFIT s PENSION BENEFITS s PENSION COSTS s PENSION DEBT s PENSION EXPENDITURE s PENSION EXPENDITURES s PENSION FINANCING s PENSION FUND s PENSION PAYMENTS s PENSION POLICY s PENSION REFORM s PENSION RIGHTS s PENSION SCHEME s PENSION SPENDING s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEM PARAMETERS s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONER s PENSIONERS s PENSIONS s POPULATION DATA s POPULATION PROJECTIONS s POTENTIAL INVESTMENT s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s PRICE INDEXATION s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE PENSION FUNDS s PRIVATE SAVINGS s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC SPENDING s RATE OF RETURN s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPLACEMENT RATE s REPLACEMENT RATES s RESPECT s RETIREES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT AGE s RETIREMENT BENEFITS s RETIREMENT PENSIONS s SAVINGS ACCOUNT s SAVINGS ACCOUNTS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL FUND s SOCIAL IMPACT s SOCIAL PENSION s SOCIAL PENSIONS s SOCIAL POLICY s STOCKS s SUBSISTENCE FARMING s SURVIVOR PENSION s SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH s TRANSITION COUNTRIES s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VOLUNTARY PENSION s VOLUNTARY PENSIONS s WILL s WORKING POPULATION s WORKING-AGE POPULATION English en_US Today, the Kyrgyz pension system plays a major role in poverty alleviation of the elderly but this role is diminishing fast due to low coverage of working age population. The system currently provides pensions to more than 90 percent of the population over age 65 thus being a significant buffer against poverty. Over time, though, the poverty reduction effect of the pension system is expected to weaken substantially as the current low coverage rates among the working age population translate into much lower coverage rates of about only 60 percent for the future old age population. As a result, poverty rates among the old-age population will grow and government spending on social pensions will increase dramatically. The structure of this chapter is as follows. The next section provides an overview of the current pension system and the main issues facing it. Section three presents the results of the financial projections for the current system assuming a no-reform scenario and the implications of doing nothing on the finances of the Social Fund, the cost to the government and the expected benefits (baseline projections). Section four considers several broad reform options and their impact with respect to the financial sustainability and affordability of the system as well as adequacy of benefits. Section five outlines the issues remaining beyond the scope of this study which require further analysis. Annex one summarizes the main parameters of the current pension system and annexes two provides a brief description of the main assumptions used in the projections and the projection methodology. The diagnosis of the current system and the evaluation of the reform options presented in this chapter are based on the simulations produced with the World Bank Pension Reform Options Simulation Toolkit (PROST) model 40 17-11-21 00:18:43.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871338 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19304 Volltext, Open Access

1759726761

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726761 OCoLC 1255599972 WBOKR 19317 EBP 064562972 KEP 064562972 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19317 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rural Road Development in India An Assessment of Distribution of PMGSY Project Benefits in Three States by Gender and Ascribed Social Groups World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCIDENTS s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL INCOMES s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s BENEFICIARIES s BUS s BUS SERVICES s CASH CROPS s COMMERCIAL CROPS s COMMUNITY GROUP s COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s CONSULTATION s CONSULTATIONS s CULVERTS s DATA COLLECTION s DEMOGRAPHY s DISTRIBUTION OF BENEFITS s DISTRICTS s DRAINAGE s DRINKING WATER s EDUCATION SECTOR s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILIES s FARM EMPLOYMENT s FARM EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s FARM SECTOR s FARMERS s FEMALE s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FEMALES s FIELDWORK s FOCUS GROUP s FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS s FOCUS GROUPS s FOOD ITEMS s FOOD PROCESSING s GENDER s GOVERNMENT SERVICES s HIGHWAY s HOSPITALS s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSES s HUMAN CAPITAL s IDENTITY s INCOME s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTERVENTION s INTERVENTIONS s INTERVIEWS s IRRIGATION s LABOR MARKET s LACK OF SKILLS s LAND OWNERSHIP s LANDHOLDINGS s LITERACY s LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES s LIVELIHOOD SECURITY s MIGRATION s MOBILITY s MOBILIZATION s OCCUPATION s OCCUPATIONS s POOR s POPULATION GROUPS s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY LEVELS s POWER s PRIVATE TRANSPORT s PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION s PUBLIC WORKS s RECONSTRUCTION s REMOTE AREAS s RITUAL s ROAD s ROAD DESIGN s ROAD DEVELOPMENT s ROAD MAINTENANCE s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL EMPLOYMENT s RURAL HOUSEHOLD s RURAL LABOR s RURAL LABOR MARKET s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RURAL MARKET s RURAL POOR s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL ROAD s RURAL ROADS s SAFETY s SAVINGS s SETTLEMENT s SHOPS s SMALL TOWNS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL GROUPS s SOCIAL IMPACTS s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIETY s SPILLOVER EFFECT s STAKEHOLDER s STAKEHOLDERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION s TARGETING s TOWNS s TRANSECT s TRANSECT WALK s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT FACILITIES s TRANSPORT SERVICE s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORTATION s TRAVEL TIME s TRIBES s TRUE s URBANIZATION s VEHICLE s VILLAGE s VILLAGE LEVEL s VILLAGES s WEALTH s YOUTH English en_US In 2000, the Government of India launched the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (hereinafter PMGSY) with the primary objective of providing all-weather road connectivity (with necessary culverts and cross-drainage structures operable throughout the year), to eligible unconnected habitations in rural areas. Currently, about 60 percent of the 170,000 eligible habitations have a road. By the end of 2010, expenditures for the program had amounted to about US$14.6 billion, and a further US$40 billion is estimated to be required to complete the program by 2020 (World Bank, 2010). The PMGSY program is a very large undertaking with the World Bank also being involved in its financing and execution all along; the most recent credit amounted to US$1.4 billion. This report summarizes findings based on data collected as part of the primary survey, coupled with findings from the qualitative survey which included focus group discussions (FGDs). It highlights findings which answer the six key questions which are relevant to decision makers as evidence to improve existing and proposed programs and for further policy dialogue. This is a short version of a separate detailed report which in addition to the key findings of the quantitative and qualitative surveys has annexes on key impacts and detailed findings by state. The detailed analysis and tables generated are part of the full statistical analysis report by international consultants and the preliminary findings report which will serve as background reports for reference as required. It is hoped that the report(s) will make a useful contribution to the process of drawing up recommendations to improve PMGSY's impact in the sphere of ascriptive distribution - in short, on its 'inclusiveness' 40 17-11-21 00:18:44.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871346 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19317 Volltext, Open Access

175972677X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972677X OCoLC 1255599934 WBOKR 19306 EBP 064562964 KEP 064562964 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19306 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Moldova Public Expenditure Review Reforming Local Public Finance for More Efficient, Equitable, and Fiscally Sustainable Subnational Spending World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Moldova s BUDGET s DECENTRALIZATION s EDUCATION s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SERVICES DELIVERY s REVENUE s ROADS s TAXES s WATER English en_US This report reviews intergovernmental fiscal relations in Moldova and recommends ways to improve the efficiency and equity of local public finance, while maintaining fiscal sustainability. Local public authorities are responsible for meeting key public service delivery needs. They play a major role in education and bear primary responsibility for urban and rural functions such as water supply and local road construction and maintenance. But local authorities are unable to fulfill this role due to sub-optimal size, inadequate financial capacity, and low administrative capacity. The Government of Moldova is reforming intergovernmental fiscal relations, as part of broader commitments under the national decentralization strategy (2012). They set new rates for sharing national taxes with the two tiers of local government, introduce formulas for transfers to local governments, and remove subordination in financial relations between top and bottom tiers of local government. This report reviews recent reforms in local public finance and makes suggestions to further improve subnational expenditures, fiscal policy, and budgetary processes. Suggestions are made in five key areas: (i) address the inefficiencies of expenditures related to the high fragmentation of Moldova's administrative-territorial organization; (ii) improve the efficiency and equity of intergovernmental transfer formulas; (iii) help develop the revenue capacity of local governments; (iv) improve public investment management at the local level; and (v) ensure sustainability of subnational debt 40 17-11-21 00:18:44.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871354 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19306 Volltext, Open Access

1759726788

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726788 OCoLC 1255599690 WBOKR 19323 EBP 064562956 KEP 064562956 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19323 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Investment Climate Assessment Enterprises' Perception in Post Revolution Tunisia World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Tunisia s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s AGE GROUP s AGRICULTURE s ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY s ANGEL INVESTORS s AUDITING s AVERAGE EDUCATION LEVEL s BANK CREDIT s BANK EXPOSURE s BANK FINANCING s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BANKS s BASKET OF GOODS s BENCHMARK s BENCHMARKING s BORROWING s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COLLEGE GRADUATES s COMPETITIVE PRESSURE s COMPETITIVE PRESSURES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMERS s CORRUPTION s CREATIVE DESTRUCTION s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT REGISTRY s CREDIT RISK s CREDITS s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC MARKET s DRIVERS s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s EDUCATION LEVELS s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL LEVEL s EMERGING MARKETS s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYERS s ENTERPRISE GROWTH s ENTREPRENEURS s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s ENTRY RATE s EQUITY INVESTMENTS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXCLUSION s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORTS s FACTOR MARKETS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DISTRESS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR ASSESSMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FIRM DYNAMICS s FIRM DYNAMISM s FIRM ENTRY s FIRM PERFORMANCE s FIRM SIZE s FIRM TURNOVER s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN FIRMS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN-OWNED FIRMS s FREE TRADE s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH RATE s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HIGH WAGES s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME s INCOME LEVELS s INFORMAL SECTOR s INFORMATION SHARING s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INNOVATION s INSURANCE s INTERNAL FUNDS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s JOB CREATION s JOB MARKET s JOB SEEKERS s JOBS s JOBS CREATION s KEY CHALLENGE s LABOR COST s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET INDICATORS s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR MOBILITY s LABOR ORGANIZATION s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR REGULATIONS s LABOR SUPPLY s LABOUR s LABOUR COSTS s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LENDERS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOW EMPLOYMENT s LOWERING TRADE BARRIERS s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MALE COUNTERPARTS s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY s MFI s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MULTINATIONAL s NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT s NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s NET JOB CREATION s NEW MARKETS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s PER CAPITA INCOME s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s PRIVATE FIRMS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR FIRMS s PRIVILEGED ACCESS s PRODUCT MARKETS s PRODUCTION PATTERNS s PRODUCTION PROCESSES s PRODUCTION WORKERS s PRODUCTIVE FIRMS s PRODUCTIVE SECTOR s PRODUCTIVITY DISPERSION s PRODUCTIVITY GAINS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC CREDIT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s REAL ESTATE s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENTS s RISING UNEMPLOYMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAFETY s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SKILLED WORKERS s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOURCES OF FINANCE s START-UP s START-UPS s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE s STRUCTURAL CHANGE s SUBSIDIARY s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAINS s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX INCENTIVES s TAXATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE POLICY s TRAINING CENTERS s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING PROGRAM s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TRANSPORT s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT FIGURE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNION s UNSKILLED LABOR s VALUE ADDED s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WAGE DETERMINATION s WAGE STRUCTURE s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY s WORKER s WORKERS s WORKERS SKILLS s WORKING CAPITAL s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT English en_US Located in the heart of the North African coastline, adjacent to vital shipping channels connecting Europe and Asia, Tunisia has long been a regional economic influence in the Middle East and North Africa. Although socialist policies dominated the Tunisian economy throughout the latter half of the 20th century, Tunisia has re-focused its economic strategy on key indicators such as foreign investment, domestic job creation, exports and tourism. These have become the backbone of the Tunisian economy and have helped strengthen relationships with primary trading partners in the European Union. Exports such as textiles, computer arts and petrochemicals now account for a significant portion of the Tunisian economy. This liberal economic development strategy created years of stable annual growth and improved living standards well into the 2000s. However, this growth was unequal due to a culture of corruption and cronyism that reached its height during the era of former President Zine el Abidine Ben Ali from 1987 through 2011. Years of progressive economic growth were stymied by rising unemployment and government waste. Discontent for the Ben Ali government boiled over in January 2011 with a revolution to overthrow the president, ruling party and Parliament. In the ensuing months of uncertainty, declines in tourism and investment contributed to an overall economic decline that lasted throughout much of the year. The political climate also remained uncertain as Tunisians worked to form a new coalition government and transition into a democratic system 40 17-11-21 00:18:44.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871362 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19323 Volltext, Open Access

1759726796

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726796 OCoLC 1255600004 WBOKR 19307 EBP 064562948 KEP 064562948 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19307 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic Public Expenditure Review Policy Notes Social Assistance World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s ABSENCE OF TRANSFERS s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ABSOLUTE TERMS s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ALLOCATION s ALLOCATION OF EXPENDITURE s AVERAGE SIZE OF PENSIONS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY HOUSEHOLDS s BREADWINNER s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET ENVELOPE s CASH PAYMENTS s CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL BUDGET s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s COMMUNITY SERVICES s COMPENSATION s COMPENSATIONS s CONFLICT s CONSUMPTION QUINTILES s CORRUPTION s COST EFFECTIVENESS s COST-EFFICIENCY s COUNTERFACTUAL s DECLINE IN POVERTY s DISABILITY s DISTRIBUTION OF BENEFITS s DISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACT s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENTITLEMENTS s EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES s EU s EXCHANGE RATE s EXTREME POVERTY s EXTREME POVERTY LINE s FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN s FEMALE s FEMALES s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISCAL SAVINGS s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD PRICES s GENERAL REVENUES s HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HOUSEHOLDS WITH PENSIONERS s HOUSES s HOUSING s HOUSING SUBSIDIES s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPACT ON POVERTY s IMPACT ON POVERTY REDUCTION s INCOME s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INSURANCE s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL BUDGETS s MEDIUM-TERM OBJECTIVES s MEDIUM-TERM PLAN s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL STATISTICS s NATURAL DISASTERS s NUTRITION s OLD-AGE s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SCHEME s PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES s PERFORMANCE CRITERIA s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERVERSE INCENTIVES s POOR s POOR FAMILIES s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR PEOPLE s POORER HOUSEHOLDS s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY GAP INDEX s POVERTY HEADCOUNT INDEX s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INDICES s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION IMPACT s POVERTY RISK s POVERTY SEVERITY s POVERTY STATUS s PREGNANCY s PRICE SUBSIDIES s PRIVATE TRANSFERS s PROGRAM DESIGN s PROGRAM MANAGERS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE POLICY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s REDUCTION OF POVERTY s REFORM AGENDA s REGIONAL DISPARITIES s REMOTE REGIONS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL POOR s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SCHOOL FEEDING s SEX s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL BENEFIT s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL PROTECTION EXPENDITURES s SOCIAL PROTECTION SPENDING s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL TRANSFER s SPENDING LEVELS s STATE BUDGET s SUBSISTENCE s TARGETING s TOTAL SPENDING s TRANSPARENCY s UNEMPLOYMENT s VICTIMS s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s WAR s WELFARE DISTRIBUTION s WELFARE INDICATOR s WELFARE QUINTILES s WIDOWS s WILL English en_US This note proposes a reform agenda to address the challenges facing the system of social assistance This will require: i) a progressive shift of public expenditure toward pro-poor programs; ii) improving coherence and complementarity among social protection programs, and iii) making social assistance programs more inclusive and responsive. The structure of this chapter is as follows. The next two sections provide an overview of poverty and the composition and trends in non-contributory social protection expenditure in the Kyrgyz Republic. The fourth section looks at performance of the social assistance expenditure in the Kyrgyz Republic and shows that while spending has increased significantly in recent years, its performance in terms of coverage and targeting of the poor, as well as in terms of its impact on poverty remains modest. Other issues, which are important to take into account in the process of improving effectiveness of social assistance expenditure, are discussed in the following section. The last section concludes by summarizing key challenges and proposing recommendations for system reform, as well as areas requiring further research and analysis 40 17-11-21 00:18:44.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871370 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19307 Volltext, Open Access

175972680X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972680X OCoLC 1255600012 WBOKR 19309 EBP 06456293X KEP 06456293X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19309 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic Public Expenditure Review Policy Notes Public Wage Bill World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY PROBLEMS s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING SYSTEM s AGGREGATE CONTROL s AVERAGE WAGE s AVERAGE WAGES s BASELINE SCENARIO s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s BUDGET DATA s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET HOLDERS s BUDGET ORGANIZATIONS s BUDGET REQUESTS s BUDGET RESOURCES s BUDGET YEAR s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL CONTROLS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CITIES s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE LAW s CIVIL SERVICE PAY s CIVIL SERVICE REFORM s CIVIL SERVICE SALARIES s CLINICS s DECISION-MAKING s DEVOLUTION s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DOWNTURN s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EDUCATION SERVICES s EDUCATION SPENDING s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT LEVELS s EMPLOYMENT REDUCTION s EMPLOYMENT TRENDS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE LEVELS s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL IMBALANCES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FISCAL CAPACITY s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FISCAL HEALTH s FISCAL IMPACT s FISCAL IMPLICATIONS s FISCAL PRESSURE s FISCAL PROJECTIONS s FISCAL STRATEGY s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES s GOVERNMENT EMPLOYMENT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT FINANCE STATISTICS s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT PRIORITIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s HARD BUDGET CONSTRAINT s HARD BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH EDUCATION s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH MANAGEMENT s HEALTH POLICY s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HIGH WAGE s HIGHER INFLATION s HOSPITALS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s JOB SECURITY s JOBS s LABOR MARKET s LABOUR s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MACROECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS s MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES s MINISTRY OF ECONOMY s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES s MUNICIPALITY s NURSES s OCCUPATIONS s PATIENT s PENSION FUND s PERFORMANCE CULTURE s PERFORMANCE MONITORING s PERFORMANCE MONITORING SYSTEMS s PERVERSE INCENTIVES s PHARMACISTS s PHYSICIANS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR WAGE s PRODUCTION FUNCTION s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROGRAM COSTS s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE POLICY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE TRACKING s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH ORGANIZATIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS s PUBLIC SECTOR PAY s PUBLIC SECTOR SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SECTOR STAFF s PUBLIC SECTOR WAGE s PUBLIC SECTOR WAGE BILL s PUBLIC SECTOR WAGES s PUBLIC SECTORS s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC WAGE s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY OF SERVICES s REAL GROWTH s REFORM AGENDA s REFORM PROCESS s RESEARCH CENTERS s RETIREMENT s RUNNING COSTS s SAVINGS s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SEVERANCE PAYMENTS s SOCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SECURITY FUNDS s SOCIAL SERVICES s STATE BUDGET s STATE TREASURY s STRUCTURAL REFORM s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s TAX s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL PUBLIC SECTOR s TOTAL WAGE s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRANSPARENCY s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AREAS s WAGE BILL s WAGE EXPENDITURES s WAGE GROWTH s WAGE LEVEL s WAGE LEVELS s WORK EXPERIENCE s WORKERS s WORKING CONDITION s WORKING CONDITIONS s WORKING EXPERIENCE pha English en_US Restraining the growing wage bill expenditures while enhancing the performance of the public sector remains one of the government's major development priorities. Wage bill levels in the Kyrgyz Republic are high compared to the majority of Europe and Central Asia (ECA) countries, constituting almost one third of government expenditures. Over the last few years, the government has undertaken important steps towards enhancing pay systems and improving competitiveness of pay in public health and education sectors accounting for almost 66 percent of the wage bill. The Kyrgyz Republic confronts the need to restrain its public wage bill as part of its mid-term fiscal strategy, as well as the need to improve the performance of the public sector. The analysis, undertaken in this policy note, suggests that the government should consider the following measures and reforms: improve predictability of the wage bill and avoid further ad hoc increase in wages; moderate and gradual consolidation of employment; any increase of the base pay elements has to be linked to modest and gradual consolidation of public sector employment, and should be limited to inflation as needed; establishment controls need to be strengthened through sound monitoring of the number of employees and payroll in all parts of the public sector; and civil service pay reform has to be undertaken with a unified pay system, gradually introduced at all levels of the government. This note discusses public sector wage management in the Kyrgyz Republic, by analyzing wage bill expenditure levels over the last decade with a closer examination of dynamics in 2008-2011 40 17-11-21 00:18:44.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871389 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19309 Volltext, Open Access

1759726818

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726818 OCoLC 1255599912 WBOKR 19310 EBP 064562921 KEP 064562921 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19310 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic Public Expenditure Review Policy Notes Strategic Setting World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s AMORTIZATION s ANNUAL RATE s ANTI-CORRUPTION PROGRAM s ASSET RATIO s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANKING SECTOR s BASELINE SCENARIO s BORROWING STRATEGY s BROAD MONEY s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGETING s BUSINESS CYCLE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL SPENDING s CAPITAL STOCK s CASH MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL BANK s CHECKS s CLASSIFICATION OF EXPENDITURES s COMPOSITION OF PUBLIC SPENDING s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s COST-RECOVERY s COUNTRY RISK s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT FLOWS s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT RATIO s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEFICIT REDUCTION s DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISCOUNT RATE s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKET s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC MARKETS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION SPENDING s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXOGENOUS SHOCKS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE CUTS s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEFICIT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL POSITION s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENTS s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL ACCOUNTS s FISCAL ADJUSTMENT s FISCAL ADJUSTMENTS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL IMBALANCE s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL POSITION s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY DEBT s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN FINANCING s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GRACE PERIODS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH POTENTIAL s HEALTH SERVICES s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFLATION RATES s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST RATES s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT POLICIES s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEVY s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC VOLATILITY s MARKET PRICE s MARKET PRICES s MICRO ENTERPRISES s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MISTRUST s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL AUTHORITIES s NATIONAL BANK s OPEN ECONOMY s PENSION s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s PERCEPTIONS OF GOVERNMENT s PERSONAL INCOME s POLICY RESPONSES s POLITICAL STABILITY s PORTFOLIO s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRESENT VALUE s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PUBLIC AUTHORITIES s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE POLICY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT PROGRAM s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC SPENDING PATTERNS s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REFERENDUM s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s RESERVES s RETURNS s RULE OF LAW s SECTOR POLICIES s SECTOR POLICY s SECTORAL POLICY s SECURITIES s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL INSURANCE FUND s SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEM s SOCIAL PROTECTION s STRUCTURAL DEFICIT s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s TAX s TAX BASE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX POLICY s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX REGIME s TAX REGIMES s TAX SYSTEM s TRADE CREDITS s TRADING s TRADING COSTS s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TURNOVER s UNCERTAINTY English en_US The current approach to fiscal policy is delivering suboptimal outcomes for the citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic. The past five years have been difficult for the Kyrgyz Republic, with one shock following another. Government spending ballooned to 39 percent of GDP in 2012 one of the highest ratios among developing countries globally, as the authorities tried to mitigate the shocks. However, despite increases in spending, the quality of health services remains poor; above 80 percent of 15 year-olds are classified as illiterate; wages in the public sector are low; and only 6 percent of social assistance reaches the poorest members of society. In addition, risks are mounting in the pension system, few instruments exist to support the vulnerable and the physical capital stock is depreciating, especially in the energy sector. This Public Expenditure Review (PER) focuses on the effectiveness, level, and composition of public spending in number of sectors. The objective of this synthesis note is to better understand the overall environment for fiscal policy as well as the nature and composition of public revenues and expenditures. The sectoral policy notes review the challenges and options in specific sectors, namely, education, health, pensions, social protection, and energy as well as cross-cutting themes such as the wage-bill and public investment management and intergovernmental relations. While more detailed sector-specific recommendations are contained in the sectoral policy notes, more general recommendations on fiscal policy will also contribute to sustainable fiscal consolidation 40 17-11-21 00:18:44.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871397 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19310 Volltext, Open Access

1759726826

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726826 OCoLC 1255599975 WBOKR 19311 EBP 064562913 KEP 064562913 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19311 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic Public Expenditure Review Policy Notes Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s BORROWING s DECENTRALIZATION s EXPENDITURE RESPONSIBILITIES s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCING s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s REVENUE SOURCES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SUBNATIONAL PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s TRANSFERS English en_US Intergovernmental fiscal relations have advanced over the last decade in the Kyrgyz Republic. Since the previous public expenditure review in 2004, the government of the Kyrgyz Republic has developed a number of policy changes in the area of intergovernmental fiscal relations. These policy changes helped the country to introduce a more transparent and equitable system of local government financing. Still, effective decentralization continues to face challenges. A set of policy recommendations for the government to consider are designed to clarify the role of local government and provide better incentives for improved service delivery. These are based on a review of the four pillars of intergovernmental fiscal relations in Kyrgyz Republic: (i) the expenditure assignment (of who does what); (ii) revenue assignment (with what resources) assignment; (iii) the system of transfers; and (iv) borrowing. In this context, the report is structured as follows: section one gives executive summary. Section two provides a brief description of the institutional context in terms of the structure of government and the elements of political and administrative decentralization. Section three analyzes the delineation of expenditure responsibilities among government tiers. Section four analyzes revenue sources assigned to each tier of government. Section five focuses on the system of intergovernmental transfers. Section six examines subnational public investments and borrowing. In each of these sections main issues and problems are identified in the current system and the desired directions for reform are pointed out 40 17-11-21 00:18:44.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871400 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19311 Volltext, Open Access

1759726834

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726834 OCoLC 1255600126 WBOKR 19312 EBP 064562905 KEP 064562905 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19312 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic Public Expenditure Review Policy Notes Education World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s DEMAND FOR EDUCATION SERVICES s EDUCATION FINANCING SUSTAINABILITY s EDUCATION QUALITY s EDUCATION SPENDING s GOVERNANCE s ILLITERACY s PUBLIC SPENDING TRENDS s SECTOR REFORM English en_US The Kyrgyz Republic has seen a rapid expansion of public spending on education in recent years, yet the sector continues to be plagued by a number of challenges. Efficiency of spending is low across the education system, and sustainability of sector financing is threatened by large outlays on wages following rapid wage growth during 2010-2012 and high shares of resources going toward food and utility costs. Lack of investment in the necessary teaching and learning materials contributes to low education quality, with over 80 percent of 15 year olds scoring at "functionally illiterate" levels in the 2009 PISA assessment. Coverage remains low in pre-primary education, while equity of education service provision varies widely across localities and social groups. The practices surrounding education sector governance could also be improved and brought in line with international standards. This chapter is composed of six sections. Section two presents an overview of the Kyrgyz education sector, covering its structure and governance, demand for education services, and recent spending trends. Section three discusses disparities in access, quality, and public spending across localities and social groups. Section four analyzes the efficiency and sustainability of education sector spending. Section five looks at determinants of education quality and options for their improvement. Section six concludes and offers concrete policy recommendations for sector reform 40 17-11-21 00:18:44.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871419 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19312 Volltext, Open Access

1759726842

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726842 OCoLC 1255599960 WBOKR 19313 EBP 064562891 KEP 064562891 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19313 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic Public Expenditure Review Policy Notes Health World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s ABORTION s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ADOLESCENTS s ADULT MORTALITY s ADULT MORTALITY RATE s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY s AMBULANCE s AMBULANCE SERVICE s CANCER s CANCER PATIENTS s CAPITA HEALTH SPENDING s CAPITATION s CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES s CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM s CENTRAL BUDGET s CHILD HEALTH s CHRONIC DISEASE s CIRCULATORY SYSTEM s CIRCUMCISION s CITIES s CITIZEN s CITIZENS s CLINICAL GUIDELINES s CLINICS s COMMUNICABLE DISEASES s COST OF CARE s COST OF TREATMENT s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s COTS s DEATHS s DENTAL SERVICES s DIABETES s DIPHTHERIA s DISABILITIES s DISABILITY s DOCTORS s EMERGENCY CARE s EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRANSITION s EPILEPSY s ESSENTIAL DRUGS s EXTERNALITIES s FAMILIES s FINANCIAL BARRIERS s FINANCIAL PROTECTION s FOSTER FAMILIES s GENERAL PRACTICE s HEALTH AFFAIRS s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE COVERAGE s HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATIONS s HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS s HEALTH CARE REFORMS s HEALTH CARE SYSTEM s HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS s HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS IN TRANSITION s HEALTH COVERAGE s HEALTH DELIVERY s HEALTH DELIVERY SYSTEM s HEALTH ECONOMICS s HEALTH EFFECTS s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH FINANCING s HEALTH FINANCING REFORM s HEALTH IMPACTS s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH INSURANCE FUND s HEALTH ORGANIZATIONS s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH PLANNING s HEALTH POLICY s HEALTH PROGRAMS s HEALTH PROVIDERS s HEALTH REFORM s HEALTH REFORMS s HEALTH RESOURCES s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SECTOR REFORM s HEALTH SECTOR WORKERS s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SPECIALIST s HEALTH STATUS s HEALTH STRATEGY s HEALTH SYSTEM s HEALTH SYSTEM EFFECTIVENESS s HEALTH SYSTEM REFORM s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HEALTH SYSTEMS IN TRANSITION s HEALTH SYSTEMS STRENGTHENING s HEALTH WORKERS s HEALTH WORKFORCE s HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE s HIV s HIV INFECTION s HIV/AIDS s HOSPITAL s HOSPITAL ADMISSION s HOSPITAL BEDS s HOSPITAL CARE s HOSPITAL COSTS s HOSPITAL SERVICES s HOSPITALIZATION s HOSPITALS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HYGIENE s HYPERTENSION s IMMUNIZATION s IMPACT ON HEALTH s INCIDENCE ANALYSIS s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROUPS s INDIVIDUAL HEALTH s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATES s INJURIES s INSURANCE COVERAGE s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS s INTERVENTION s LABOR MARKET s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH s LIMITED RESOURCES s LIVE BIRTHS s LOW INCOME s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s MANDATES s MARKETING s MASS MEDIA s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE s MEDICAL CARE s MEDICAL CONDITIONS s MEDICAL EDUCATION s MEDICAL EQUIPMENT s MEDICAL EXAMINATION s MEDICAL PROCEDURES s MEDICAL SERVICES s MEDICAL STAFF s MEDICAL SUPPLIES s MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY s MEDICINES s MIGRATION s MILITARY HOSPITALS s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MODERNIZATION s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s NATIONAL HEALTH s NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY s NATIONAL LEVEL s NURSES s NURSING s NURSING HOMES s OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE s OUTPATIENT CARE s PATIENT s PATIENT RIGHTS s PATIENTS s PHARMACIES s PHYSICIAN s PHYSICIANS s POCKET PAYMENTS s POLICY ANALYST s POLICY GOALS s POLICY RESEARCH s POLIO s POOR FAMILIES s POPULATION GROUPS s PREGNANCY s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRIMARY CARE s PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIAN s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICES s PRIVATE HEALTH INSURANCE s PRIVATE HOSPITALS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SPENDING s PROGRESS s PROVIDER PAYMENT s PROVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH CARE s PUBLIC HEALTH CARE SERVICES s PUBLIC HEALTH EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES s PUBLIC HEALTH SPENDING s PUBLIC PROVIDERS s PUBLIC PROVISION s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SPENDING s QUALITY IMPROVEMENT s QUALITY OF HEALTH s QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE s QUARANTINE s REHABILITATION s REIMBURSEMENT RATES s RISK FACTOR s RISK FACTORS s SCREENING s SMOKING s SOCIAL CONDITIONS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SUPPORT s SPONSORS s SURGERY s SYPHILIS s TUBERCULOSIS s UNDER-FIVE MORTALITY s USE OF HEALTH CARE SERVICES s VICTIMS s WAR s WORKERS pha English en_US Over the past two decades the Kyrgyz Republic implemented important health financing and organization reforms. Compared to other former Soviet republics and other low-income countries, the Kyrgyz Republic shows good results in term of health outcomes, access to health services, and financial protection. Life expectancy exceeds that of several of the most prosperous former Soviet republics, including Russia. Infant and under-5 mortality rates were halved between 1990 and 2010. More than 98 percent of births are attended by skilled health staff and children immunization rates exceed 90 percent. Utilization of both hospital and outpatient health services are quite equal across income groups. Overall distribution of public health spending is slightly pro-poor. The Kyrgyz health system shows low incidence of catastrophic and impoverishing out-of pocket spending for health care 40 17-11-21 00:18:44.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871427 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19313 Volltext, Open Access

1759726850

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726850 OCoLC 1255600070 WBOKR 19330 EBP 064562883 KEP 064562883 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19330 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Sierra Leone Growth Pole Diagnostic The Growth Poles Program World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Sierra Leone s ACCELERATORS s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCREDITATION s ACTION PLAN s ADB s ADMINISTRATIVE BARRIERS s AGRICULTURE s ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION s ARREARS s BACK UP s BACK-UP s BANK ALTERNATIVE s BARRIERS TO INVESTMENT s BORROWING s BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS s BUSINESS CENTER s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS LEADERS s BUSINESS OWNERS s BUSINESS SERVICES s CAPABILITIES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CD s CENTRAL BANK s CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s CITIZENS s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL WAR s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL FARMING s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONNECTIVITY s CONSOLIDATION s CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES s CONSULTATIVE PROCESS s COPYRIGHT s CORRUPTION s COST ANALYSIS s COST OF CAPITAL s CURRENT ACCOUNT s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION MAKING s DEFICITS s DELIVERY SYSTEM s DELIVERY SYSTEMS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DIVERSIFICATION s DONOR RESOURCES s DONOR SUPPORT s DYNAMIC ENTERPRISES s E-MAIL s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC BOOM s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYER s EMPLOYERS s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENDOWMENTS s ENROLLMENT s ENTREPRENEURS s EQUALITY s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPATRIATE s EXPECTED VALUE s EXPENDITURE s EXPLOITATION s EXPORT PROMOTION s EXPORTS s EXTREME POVERTY s FACILITATION s FACTOR ENDOWMENTS s FARMERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DEPTH s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCING PLAN s FINANCING SOURCES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s GDP s GENDER s GENDER EQUALITY s GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS s GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS s GOVERNMENT EFFECTIVENESS s GOVERNMENT SUBSIDY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s ICT s IMPLEMENTATION PROCESSES s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s JOB CREATION s LABOR MARKET s LAND ISSUES s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LICENSES s LITERACY RATES s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOW INCOME COUNTRIES s MANUFACTURING s MARKET ACCESS s MATERIAL s MDAS s MEDIUM ENTERPRISE s MICRO-FINANCE s MICRO-FINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRY s MIGRATION s NATIONAL INCOME s NATURAL ENDOWMENTS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEW BUSINESSES s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s NEWSLETTER s PARLIAMENT s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL STABILITY s POOR ACCESS s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s PRESENT VALUE s PRIME MINISTER s PRIVATE FUNDS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE SECTORS s PRIVATIZATION s PROCUREMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFITABILITY s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROMOTION ACTIVITIES s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC MONEY s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s QUERIES s REAL GDP s REGULATORY QUALITY s REINVESTMENT s RESULT s RESULTS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MITIGATION s RULE OF LAW s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SERVICE DELIVERY s SLA s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALLHOLDER s SMALLHOLDER FARMERS s SMALLHOLDERS s SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s SUBSIDIARY s SUPERVISION s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAINS s SUPPLY OF CREDIT s TARGETS s TAX COLLECTION s TAX REVENUES s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOM s TELEPHONE s TRADE COMPETITIVENESS s TRANSACTION s TRANSPORT s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNION s USER s USES s VALUE ADDED s VALUE CHAIN s VALUE CHAINS s VENTURE CAPITAL s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY s WEALTH s WORLDWIDE GOVERNANCE INDICATORS s YOUTH English en_US This First Phase Report on Sierra Leone growth poles is the result of a 9 months consultative process led by the Office of the President which specifically requested that the output of this diagnostic be in an engaging format. The fundamental concept of growth poles is that they exploit agglomeration economies and spillover effects to spread resulting prosperity from the core of the pole to the periphery. At the basis of this theory is the assumption that economic development is not uniform over a region. Rather, it concentrates around a geographic feature or economic hub. In particular, it frequently concentrates around a key industry, around which linked industries develop. A growth pole can be used to nurture direct and indirect linkages from the flagship industry to supporting sectors, which vastly expands the employment generation potential of new investments in said flagship industry. The expansion of this key industry implies the expansion of output, employment, related investments, as well as new technologies and new industrial sectors 40 17-11-21 00:18:44.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871435 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19330 Volltext, Open Access

1759726869

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726869 OCoLC 1255599906 WBOKR 19331 EBP 064562875 KEP 064562875 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19331 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Background Paper for the Workshop on Science, Technology, and Innovation in Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Jordan Lebanon Middle East and North Africa Syrian Arab Republic s ACADEMIC RESEARCH s ACCREDITATION s ADVANCED TRAINING s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURE s APPLIED RESEARCH s BACKBONE s BASIC s BUSINESS STUDIES s BUSINESSES s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAREERS s CATALYTIC ROLE s COLLABORATION s COMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE s COMMUNITIES s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPONENTS s COMPUTERIZATION s CONNECTIVITY s DEGREES s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION DEPARTMENT s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s ELECTRONICS s ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY s EMPLOYMENT s ENGINEERING s ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT s ENTERPRISE SECTOR s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EQUIPMENT s EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES s FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FISHERIES s FLOW OF INFORMATION s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FUNDING MECHANISMS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE s GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE BASE s GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT POLICY s HARMONIZATION s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s ICT s INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY s INFORMATION FLOWS s INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE s INNOVATION s INNOVATIONS s INSPECTIONS s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTEGRATION s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS s INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS s INTERNET SERVICES s IT INFRASTRUCTURE s KNOW-HOW s KNOWLEDGE BASE s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s KNOWLEDGE STRATEGIES s LABOR MARKETS s LABORATORIES s LEARNING s LIFELONG LEARNING s LITERACY s LIVESTOCK s MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s METROLOGY s MOVEMENT OF GOODS s NARS s NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SYSTEMS s NETWORKS s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s NEW TECHNOLOGY s PEER REVIEW s POLICY FORMULATION s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY FRAMEWORKS s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRAMS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEMS s R&D s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESEARCH CAPACITY s RESEARCH CENTERS s RESEARCH EVALUATION s RESEARCH INSTITUTES s RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS s RESEARCH PROGRAMS s RESEARCH RESULTS s RESEARCH SECTOR s RESEARCHERS s RESULT s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SCHOOLS s SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY s SCIENCE EDUCATION s SCIENCE RESEARCH s SCIENTIFIC EXCELLENCE s SCIENTIFIC LITERACY s SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT s SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH s SCIENTIST s SCIENTISTS s SEMICONDUCTOR s SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY s SEMICONDUCTORS s SOCIAL SCIENCES s STANDARDIZATION s SUPERVISION s TARGETS s TAX INCENTIVES s TEACHER s TEACHING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TECHNICAL STANDARDS s TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES s TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES s TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITY s TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT s TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION s TECHNOLOGICAL SUPPORT s TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT s TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE s TECHNOLOGY INITIATIVES s TECHNOLOGY SECTOR s TECHNOLOGY SUPPORT s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TRAINING NEEDS s TRANSACTION s UNIVERSAL ACCESS s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES s USER s USER GROUPS s WIRELESS s WIRELESS SERVICES s WORKERS s WORLD TRADE English en_US In the last five decades, there has been a rapid growth in the effort to coordinate scientific research. Improvements and advances in science and technology are now considered a major force in accelerating growth and improving living standards. Though technological progress can arise from accidental discoveries, it is crucially dependent on intentional investments of resources (be they human/intellectual or financial) by governments, profit-seeking firms and individuals as well as various institutions (academic, research and so on). Research and technological advances can be driven by various motives (from military purposes to the pursue of fame), but the catalytic role of commercial returns and economic incentives to industrial innovation cannot be overrated. Approximately 80 per cent of all R&D is conducted in developed economies. In turn, some of the knowledge of these countries flows into and creates the stimulus for new ideas in less developed and less R&D intensive economies through technology transfers. The degree of R&D intensity in an economy is determined by a number of factors that range from macroeconomic stability and sound public policies, to the development of human capital and an openness to ideas. In a constantly changing international environment, countries need to find their own ways to innovative in order to remain competitive. Even resource abundant economies are now seeking to diversify economic resources, and an important aspect of this drive is building the capacity to tap into a continuously growing stock of global knowledge and, in doing do, tailoring it to meet local needs 40 17-11-21 00:18:44.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871443 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19331 Volltext, Open Access

1759726877

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726877 OCoLC 1255600128 WBOKR 19332 EBP 064562867 KEP 064562867 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19332 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Service Revolution in South Asia World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource South Asia South Asia s 0 HYPOTHESIS s ACCOUNTING s ADB s ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURE s ANNUAL GROWTH s ASSETS s AUDITS s AVERAGE GROWTH s AVERAGE GROWTH RATE s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BASIC EDUCATION s BEST PRACTICE s BONDS s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CITIES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s COST DIFFERENTIALS s COUNTRY REGRESSIONS s COUNTRY SIZE s CROSS COUNTRY s CURRENCY APPRECIATION s DEBT s DEPENDENT VARIABLE s DEREGULATION s DESCRIPTION s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS s DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s DEVELOPMENT REPORT s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC STRUCTURE s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ELASTICITY s EMPIRICAL LITERATURE s ENGINEERS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTS s EXTERNALITIES s FEMALE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FREE TRADE s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GENDER s GENDER EQUALITY s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOVERNMENT REGULATION s GROWTH PATTERN s GROWTH PERFORMANCE s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s GROWTH REGRESSION s HEADCOUNT POVERTY s HEALTH CARE s HIGH GROWTH s HOTEL s HOTELS s INCOME s INCOME ELASTICITY s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INDUSTRIAL SECTOR s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INELASTIC DEMAND s INEQUALITY OUTCOMES s INITIATIVE s INSURANCE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR MOBILITY s LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES s LAWS s LOCALITIES s LONG RUN s MACROECONOMICS s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MIGRATION s MONEY LAUNDERING s MULTINATIONAL s OUTPUT GROWTH s OUTPUT PER CAPITA s POLICY DISCUSSION s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POLICY ISSUES s POLICY MAKERS s POLICY MESSAGES s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE DECLINES s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRO-POOR s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROFITABILITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s RAPID GROWTH s REAL GDP s REDUCING POVERTY s RICH COUNTRIES s RURAL POVERTY s SAVINGS s SHOPS s SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION s SKILLED WORKERS s STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERRORISM s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s TRAFFIC s TRANSPORT s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POVERTY s URBAN WORKERS s URBANIZATION s VALUE ADDED s WAGE RATES s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US The story of Hyderabad, the capital of the Indian state Andhra Pradesh, is truly inspiring for late-comers to development. Within two decades, Andhra Pradesh has been catapulted straight from a poor and largely agricultural economy into a major service center. It has transformed itself from a lagging into a leading region. Fuelled by an increase in service exports of 45 times between 1998 and 2008, the number of information technology companies in Hyderabad increased eight times, and employment increased 20 times. Service-led growth has mushroomed in other parts of India and South Asia as well. Indeed, growth in the services sector has enabled South Asia to grow almost as fast as East Asia in this century, with growth of just under seven percent annually between 2000 and 2007. Growth rates in South Asia and East Asia have converged. The two fastest growing regions in the world, however, have very different growth patterns. While East Asia is a story of growth led by manufacturing, South Asia has thrived on service-led growth. The promise of the services revolution is that countries do not need to wait to get started with rapid development. There is a new boat that development late-comers can take. The globalization of service exports provides alternative opportunities for developing countries to find niches, beyond manufacturing, where they can specialize, scale up and achieve explosive growth, just like the industrializes. The core of the argument is that as the number of goods and services produced and traded across the world expand with globalization, the possibilities for all countries to develop based on their comparative advantage expand. That comparative advantage can just as easily be in services as in manufacturing or indeed agriculture 40 17-11-21 00:18:44.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871451 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19332 Volltext, Open Access

1759726885

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:07.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726885 OCoLC 1255600140 WBOKR 19315 EBP 064562859 KEP 064562859 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19315 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO United Republic of Tanzania Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability Review 2008 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Africa Tanzania s ACCOUNTING s AGGREGATE DEMAND s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL BUDGETS s ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s ARREARS s AUDIT OFFICE s BENEFICIARIES s BLOCK GRANTS s BUDGET AGGREGATES s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CREDIBILITY s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET DOCUMENTATION s BUDGET DOES s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET FORMULATION s BUDGET FORMULATION PROCESS s BUDGET FRAMEWORK s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET PREPARATION PROCESS s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET RESOURCES s BUDGET SUPPORT s BUDGETARY OUTCOMES s BUDGETARY RESOURCES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY BUILDING ACTIVITIES s CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL SPENDING s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CASH RATIONING s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CLASSIFICATION OF EXPENDITURES s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPOSITION OF EXPENDITURES s COUNTERPART FUNDING s DATA RELIABILITY s DEBT s DEBT RELIEF s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DECENTRALIZATION s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC FUNDING s DOMESTIC INTEREST RATES s DOMESTIC REVENUE s DONOR FUNDING s ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION BUDGET s EXPENDITURE ALLOCATIONS s EXPENDITURE CATEGORIES s EXPENDITURE DATA s EXPENDITURE ISSUES s EXPENDITURE PLAN s EXPENDITURE PLANS s EXPENDITURE TRACKING SURVEYS s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL AID s EXTERNAL AUDIT s EXTERNAL BALANCE s EXTERNAL BORROWING s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISCAL AGGREGATES s FISCAL ANALYSIS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FISCAL IMPACT s FISCAL INFORMATION s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL RISKS s FISCAL YEARS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN FINANCING s FOREIGN LOANS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT FUNDING s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT PRIORITIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH SECTOR s IMPORT DUTIES s IMPORT TAXES s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK s MACROECONOMIC MODEL s MACROECONOMIC SITUATION s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES s MAINTENANCE BUDGET s MARKET PRICES s MEDICAL SUPPLIES s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM PROJECTION s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MULTILATERAL DONORS s NATIONAL AUDIT s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL STRATEGY s NATURAL RESOURCES s OIL PRICES s OUTCOME INDICATORS s OVERHEAD COSTS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCE REPORTS s PERSONNEL EMOLUMENTS s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s PRICE INDEX s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR GROWTH s PROGRAM BUDGETING s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC ACCOUNTS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE TRACKING s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUALITY ASSURANCE s REAL INTEREST RATES s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REFORM PROCESS s REFORM STRATEGY s REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE ALLOCATION SYSTEM s RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s REVENUE PROJECTIONS s ROAD FUND s ROAD FUNDS s ROAD MAINTENANCE s SANITATION s SECTOR BUDGET s SECTOR BUDGETS s SECTOR MINISTRIES s SECTOR POLICIES s SECTORAL POLICIES s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL WELFARE s STRATEGIC PLANS s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s TAX BASE s TAX BURDEN s TAX COLLECTION s TAX POLICY s TAX REVENUE s TAXPAYERS s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL SPENDING s TRANSPARENCY s UNCERTAINTY s WAGE EXPENDITURES English en_US Rising inflation represents a serious challenge for the government, including fiscal policy. By December 2008, inflation has risen to 13.5 percent, far above the government target of five percent since 2004. It is important the government continue its effort to reduce inflation through monetary and fiscal policies, including reducing inflationary pressures on the budget by controlling wage bill growth in line with medium-term pay policy. The 2008-09 Medium-Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF) projected optimistic targets for domestic revenue and, at a same time, pessimistic targets for foreign aid. Although domestic revenue has been rising over the recent past, the targeted 18.5 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in revenue effort is high given the fact that revenue has increased by only one percent of GDP annually in the past five years. It is important to improve reliability of the macro-framework by sustaining efforts to develop capacity in macro-fiscal policy and macro-modeling, which is an important tool for the government to properly assess expected levels of domestic revenue collection over the medium term. Although some major achievements have been obtained in capacity building program, priority areas for intervention have also been identified for 2009. These areas are: (i) strengthening of macroeconomic model (MACMOD) and the macro policy framework paper, taking into account the world economic crisis as well as new data developments in Tanzania; (ii) initiating MTEF upgrades (both central and sector) as well as program budgeting starting with the ministry of health and social welfare; and (iii) preparing the second edition of the budget background and medium term framework for 2009/10 - 2011/12 40 17-11-21 00:18:45.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987146X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19315 Volltext, Open Access

1759726893

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726893 OCoLC 1255600046 WBOKR 18940 EBP 064562840 KEP 064562840 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18940 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Insurance against Climate Change Financial Disaster Risk Management and Insurance Options for Climate Change Adaptation in Bulgaria World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Bulgaria Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCIDENT s ACCIDENTS s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s AUDITORS s AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE s BANKRUPTCY s BANKS s BASIS RISK s BUDGETARY FRAMEWORK s BUILDING CODES s CASUALTY s CASUALTY INSURANCE s CATASTROPHE INSURANCE s CATASTROPHES s CATASTROPHIC EVENTS s CATASTROPHIC INSURANCE s CATASTROPHIC INSURANCE POOL s CATASTROPHIC LOSSES s CATASTROPHIC RISKS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION STRATEGY s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS s CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS s CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY s CLIMATE EXTREMES s CLIMATE SCIENCE s COINSURANCE s COLLAPSED BRIDGES s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPULSORY INSURANCE s CONSUMERS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s DAMAGES s DISASTER s DISASTER ACTIVITIES s DISASTER ASSISTANCE s DISASTER COMPENSATION s DISASTER EVENTS s DISASTER FINANCING s DISASTER INSURANCE s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISASTER PREPAREDNESS s DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION s DISASTER RESPONSE s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK FINANCING s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTER RISKS s DROUGHT s DROUGHTS s EARLY WARNING s EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS s EARTHQUAKE s EARTHQUAKES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC IMPACTS s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s EMERGENCIES s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EMERGENCY SITUATIONS s EMISSIONS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXTREME CLIMATE CHANGE s EXTREME EVENTS s EXTREME TEMPERATURES s EXTREME WEATHER s FARMERS s FEASIBILITY s FINANCIAL CAPACITY s FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES s FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS s FINANCIAL DECISIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SUPERVISION s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FIRE s FIRE INSURANCE s FISCAL DEFICITS s FLOOD s FLOOD DAMAGES s FLOOD MANAGEMENT s FLOOD PROTECTION s FLOODING s FLOODS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREST FIRES s FORESTRY SECTOR s FREQUENCY OF CLIMATE EXTREMES s GENERAL INSURANCE s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s HEALTH INSURANCE s HURRICANE s HURRICANE WINDS s IMPACT OF DISASTERS s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s INCOME s INDEMNITY s INDEMNITY INSURANCE s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSPECTIONS s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE BROKERS s INSURANCE CLAIMS s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE COVERAGE s INSURANCE CULTURE s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE INSTRUMENTS s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE MECHANISMS s INSURANCE OPTIONS s INSURANCE PAYOUT s INSURANCE PENETRATION s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURANCE POOLS s INSURANCE PREMIUM s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURANCE PRODUCT s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE SCHEMES s INSURANCE SECTOR s INSURANCE SYSTEM s INSURED LOSSES s INSURERS s INTERNATIONAL STRATEGY FOR DISASTER REDUCTION s INVESTMENT FUNDS s LANDSLIDES s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES s LIGHTING s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET PENETRATION s MITIGATION MEASURES s MORAL HAZARD s MORAL HAZARDS s MOTOR INSURANCE s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTER INSURANCE s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARDS s NON-LIFE INSURANCE s NOTARIES s NUCLEAR POWER s OUTBREAK s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PER CAPITA INCOME s PHYSICAL ASSETS s POLICY MAKERS s POLICYHOLDERS s PORTFOLIOS s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PRIVATE INSURANCE COMPANIES s PRIVATE REINSURANCE s PRODUCT LIABILITY s PROGRAMS s PROPERTY INSURANCE s PUBLIC ASSETS s PUBLIC SPENDING s RATES s REAL ESTATE s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REINSURANCE s REINSURANCE COMPANIES s REINSURANCE MARKETS s REINSURANCE PREMIUMS s REINSURER s REINSURERS s RESERVE s RESERVES s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK EXPOSURE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES s RISK MANAGERS s RISK MITIGATION s RISK POOLING s RISK PROFILE s RISK PROFILES s RISK REDUCTION s RISK SHARING s RISK TRANSFER s SAFETY s SET ASIDE s SOLVENCY s STORMS s TAX s TECTONIC PLATES s TOTAL COST s UNDERWRITING s VICTIMS s WEATHER EVENTS s WIND SPEED English en_US Bulgaria is exposed to nearly all types of climate extremes, including floods, droughts, and others, as well as earthquakes. The combination of insurance products, early warning systems, information campaigns, infrastructure adaptation measures, and strict regulations can be very useful in tackling the negative climate change impacts. This note provides an overview of the insurance sector s contribution to climate change - related risk prevention and highlights some of Bulgaria s ongoing disaster risk management (DRM) efforts. The note aims to raise awareness and emphasize the role that financial disaster risk management (FDRM), including insurance, can have in climate change adaptation. Based on a desk review and preliminary in-country stakeholder consultations, the note s findings are meant to motivate new thinking and serve as an engagement tool for ongoing in-country discussions, as well to help identify analytical work to be carried out in the future. Based on the preliminary review of Bulgaria s specific context, several ideas are being put forward to be further explored in the ongoing discussions toward creating FDRM products to address the major natural disasters (in particular, floods, droughts, and earthquakes) and improving adaptation to climate change. Potential areas of analysis that can be further explored and, as such, plant a seed for future action can focus on promoting risk prevention and deploying insurance instruments, including issues around traditional risk management, technology innovation, compulsory disaster insurance, forecast insurance, and disaster insurance pools. The analysis which will assess the extent of vulnerability of the subjects covered by existing insurance products, can subsequently lead to the decisions on priority insurance products to be introduced in the future 40 17-11-21 00:18:45.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871478 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18940 Volltext, Open Access

1759726907

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726907 OCoLC 1255600155 WBOKR 18868 EBP 064562832 KEP 064562832 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18868 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India Power Sector Diagnostic Review More Power to India - The Challenge of Distribution World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCOUNTABILITY s AFFORDABILITY s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURE s ALLIANCE MODEL s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM s AMOUNT OF POWER s APPROACH s ASSETS s AUCTIONS s AUTHORITY s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BENCHMARKING s BENCHMARKS s BIDDING FOR CONCESSIONS s BILL COLLECTION s BLOCK TARIFFS s BORROWING s BUILDING POWER PLANTS s BULK POWER s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL COST s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL STRUCTURES s CASH FLOW s CASH-FLOW s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CLEAN ENERGY s COAL s COAL PRODUCTION s COLLECTION EFFICIENCY s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL RISKS s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVE POWER MARKETS s COMPETITIVE PROCUREMENT s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSTITUTION s CONSUMER GROUPS s CONSUMER WELFARE s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION LEVELS s CONVENTIONAL GENERATION s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s COST OF POWER s COST OF SERVICE s COST RECOVERY s CREDITORS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CUSTOMER SATISFACTION s CUSTOMER SERVICE s DEBT s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING s DECISION-MAKING AUTHORITY s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE COMPANY s DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES s DISTRIBUTION LOSSES s DOMESTIC COAL s DUE DILIGENCE s ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC REFORMS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY REGULATOR s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRIFICATION s EMPOWERMENT s ENERGY MARKETS s ENERGY MIX s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPANSION OF TRANSMISSION s EXPENDITURE s EXPLICIT SUBSIDY s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE s FINANCIAL AUTONOMY s FINANCIAL BURDEN s FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FISCAL BURDEN s FISCAL COSTS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FORECASTS s FRANCHISEES s FUEL s FUEL USE s GDP s GENERATING CAPACITY s GENERATION s GENERATION CAPACITY s GOVERNANCE REQUIREMENTS s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GRID EXTENSION s GRID RENEWABLE ENERGY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HOUSEHOLDS s HYDROPOWER s INDEPENDENT POWER PRODUCERS s INDEPENDENT REGULATION s INEFFICIENCY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSOLVENCY s INSOLVENT s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s JOB CREATION s JOINT VENTURES s KEY CHALLENGES s KILOWATT-HOUR s LACK OF ACCOUNTABILITY s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATURES s LENDERS s LENDING DECISIONS s LIQUIDITY s LOW TARIFF s MAINTENANCE CONTRACTORS s MANAGEMENT CONTRACTS s MERCHANT s MICROFINANCE s MINE DEVELOPMENT s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONOPOLY s NET WORTH s OPEN ACCESS s OPPORTUNITY COST s OUTSTANDING LOANS s OWNERSHIP SHARE s PERFORMANCE TARGETS s POWER s POWER AVAILABILITY s POWER CONSUMPTION s POWER CORPORATION s POWER DISTRIBUTION s POWER GENERATION s POWER GRID s POWER PLANTS s POWER PROCUREMENT s POWER PRODUCERS s POWER PURCHASE s POWER PURCHASE AGREEMENTS s POWER PURCHASE COSTS s POWER PURCHASES s POWER SECTOR s POWER SECTOR REFORM s POWER SHORTAGES s POWER SUPPLIERS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PRIVATIZATION s PROTECTION OF CONSUMERS s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC POWER s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s RATES OF RETURN s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY CAPACITY s RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION s REPRESENTATIVES s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE SHORTFALLS s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s SOCIAL IMPACT ANALYSIS s SOLAR ENERGY s SOLAR POWER s SPOT MARKET s STATE BUDGET s STATE CONTROL s STATE FUNDS s STATE GOVERNMENT s STATE POWER s STATE SUBSIDIES s STATE SUPPORT s STATE UTILITIES s SUPPLY CHAIN s TARIFF BIDS s TARIFF BLOCK s TARIFF LEVELS s TARIFF STRUCTURES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s THERMAL POWER s THERMAL POWER PLANT s THERMAL POWER PLANTS s TOTAL COSTS s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSMISSION GRID s TRANSMISSION LINES s TRANSMISSION OWNERS s TRANSMISSION SYSTEM s TRANSPARENCY s UNION s URBAN AREAS s UTILITIES s UTILITY OPERATIONS s VILLAGES s VOTERS s WIND English en_US This report reviews the evolution of the Indian power sector since the landmark Electricity Act of 2003 (EA 2003, or EA), with a focus on distribution as key to performance and viability of the sector. While all three segments of the power sector generation, transmission, and distribution are important, revenues originate with the customer at distribution, so subpar performance there hurts the entire value chain. Persistent operational and financial shortcomings in distribution have repeatedly led to central bailouts for the whole sector, even though power is a concurrent 1 subject under the Indian constitution and distribution is almost entirely under state control. Ominously, the recent sharp increase in private investment and market borrowing means power sector difficulties are more likely to spill over to lenders and affect the broader financial sector. Government-initiated reform efforts first focused on the generation and transmission segments, reflecting the urgent need for adding capacity and the complexity of issues to be addressed at the consumer interface. Consequently, distribution improvements have lagged, but it is now clear that they need to be a priority. This report thus analyzes the multiple sources of weakness in distribution and identifies the key challenges to improving performance in the short and medium term 40 17-11-21 00:18:45.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871486 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18868 Volltext, Open Access

1759726915

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726915 OCoLC 1255600142 WBOKR 18946 EBP 064562824 KEP 064562824 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18946 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Socialist Republic of Vietnam Review of Urban Water and Wastewater Utility Reform and Regulation World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s ASSESSMENT OF WATER SUPPLY s ASSET CONDITION s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET VALUATION s BENCHMARKING s BENEFICIAL EFFECTS s BILATERAL DONORS s BILL COLLECTION s BULK WATER s BULK WATER SUPPLY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CLEAN WATER s COMPETITIVE PRESSURE s CONSTRUCTION s COST RECOVERY s COST SAVINGS s CUBIC METERS s CUBIC METERS PER DAY s CUSTOMER SERVICE s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS s DOMESTIC USE s DOMESTIC WATER s DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s ECONOMIC REGULATION s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ENFORCEMENT POWERS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s FREE WATER s GROUND WATER s GROUNDWATER s HOLDING COMPANY s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s INDEPENDENT REGULATORY s INDEPENDENT REGULATORY AUTHORITY s INFILTRATION s INTERNATIONAL BENCHMARKING s INTERNATIONAL COMPARATORS s INVESTMENT COSTS s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s LARGER UTILITIES s LEAKAGE s LEGAL STATUS s LIFELINE TARIFFS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOWER LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUMBER OF WATER s OPERATING COSTS s PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENTS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCE STANDARDS s PERFORMANCE TARGETS s PIPED WATER s PIPELINE s PIPELINES s POOR DRINKING WATER QUALITY s POTABLE WATER s POTABLE WATER SUPPLY s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE UTILITIES s PROVIDING WATER SUPPLY s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PROVISION OF WATER s PROVISION OF WATER SUPPLY s PROVISION OF WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC UTILITY s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUALITY STANDARDS s QUANTITY OF WATER s RAPID URBANIZATION s RAW WATER s REGULATION BY CONTRACT s REGULATORY ACTIVITIES s REGULATORY AGENCY s REGULATORY APPROACHES s REGULATORY ARRANGEMENTS s REGULATORY DESIGN s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY MECHANISMS s REGULATORY OBLIGATIONS s REGULATORY PROBLEMS s REGULATORY REFORMS s REGULATORY SYSTEM s REVERSE OSMOSIS s RURAL WATER s SANITATION MARKET s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROVIDERS s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION UTILITIES s SANITATION UTILITY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE DELIVERY PERFORMANCE s SERVICE IMPROVEMENT s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE STANDARDS s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE COMPANY s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATER RESOURCES s TARIFF LEVELS s TARIFF MECHANISMS s TARIFF RATE s TARIFF SETTING s TOWN s TOXIC CHEMICALS s TREATMENT FACILITIES s TREATMENT PLANT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN UTILITIES s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SECTOR s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY DEVELOPMENT s URBAN WATER UTILITIES s URBAN WATER UTILITY s USE OF WATER s UTILITIES s UTILITY COMPANIES s UTILITY DIVERSIFICATION s UTILITY MANAGEMENT s UTILITY OPERATING s UTILITY SERVICE s UTILITY SERVICES s UTILITY STRUCTURE s WASTE WATER s WASTE WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WASTEWATER UTILITY s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER COVERAGE s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER FACILITIES s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER POLLUTION s WATER PRODUCTION s WATER PROJECTS s WATER PROVIDERS s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY CONTROL s WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT s WATER QUALITY STANDARDS s WATER REGULATION s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SECTOR s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY COMPANIES s WATER SUPPLY COMPANY s WATER SUPPLY CONNECTIONS s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WATER SYSTEM s WATER USE s WATER UTILITIES pha English en_US This Review, undertaken by the World Bank Water & Sanitation Program, is provided at the request of the Ministry of Construction of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam with the objectives of (a) Providing guidance/recommendations concerning the reform proposals of state owned enterprises operating in the field of water supply and urban sanitation and (b) Providing guidance/recommendations concerning economic management options for service providers. It will be important to ensure that these reforms are undertaken in an explicitly poor-inclusive manner. The Review achieves these objectives through a review of the current situation, are view of progress on the reform agenda and presentation of potential options for improvement of the urban water and waste sector in Vietnam 40 17-11-21 00:18:45.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871494 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18946 Volltext, Open Access

1759726923

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726923 OCoLC 1255600205 WBOKR 18939 EBP 064562816 KEP 064562816 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18939 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO CPIA Africa, June 2014 Assessing Africa's Policies and Institutions World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Africa Djibouti Middle East and North Africa Yemen, Republic of s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY s ADMINISTRATIVE COST s ADOLESCENT FERTILITY s AIR POLLUTION s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s ARREARS s BANKS s BENEFICIARIES s BORROWING s BRANCH NETWORK s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONTRACEPTION s CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE s CONTRACT RIGHTS s CORPORATE TAXES s CORRUPTION s COST OF SUBSIDIES s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEBT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT POLICY s DEBT RATIOS s DEBT SERVICE s DEBTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION MAKING s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISCRIMINATION s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s DONOR FUNDS s E-GOVERNMENT s EARLY CHILDHOOD s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC RESOURCES s EDUCATION FINANCE s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EMERGING MARKETS s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s ENDOWMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s ENVIRONMENTS s EQUAL ACCESS s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILIES s FINANCIAL CAPITAL s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL WEAKNESS s FINANCIAL WEAKNESSES s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FISH s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FRAGILE GROUP s FRAGILE GROUPS s FRAUD s GENDER s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER GAPS s GENDER INEQUALITIES s GENDER ISSUES s GENDER PARITY s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUSBANDS s ILLITERACY s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE CEILINGS s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGAL RIGHTS s LIQUIDITY s LIVE BIRTHS s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MALE LABOR FORCE s MALE PARTICIPATION s MARRIED WOMEN s MATERNAL HEALTH s MATERNAL HEALTH CARE s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL s MONETARY AUTHORITIES s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL CONSTITUTION s NATURAL RESOURCES s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OIL s OPERATING COSTS s PARLIAMENTARY SEATS s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONS s POLICY ANALYSIS s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POLICY ENVIRONMENTS s POLICY REGIME s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POLITICAL STABILITY s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY ENROLMENT RATIOS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PROGRESS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC BUDGETS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT DATA s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC SPENDING s QUALITATIVE INFORMATION s QUOTAS s REFUGEES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s RESERVES s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RESOURCE USE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK OF DEBT s RULE OF LAW s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL ENROLMENT s SECURITY SITUATION s SOCIAL EXPENDITURES s SOVEREIGN BONDS s STATUTORY LAW s SUB-NATIONAL DEBT s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TARIFF BARRIERS s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX DEDUCTIONS s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE REGIMES s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s USER FEES s VALUATION s VENTURE CAPITAL s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE PEOPLE s WAGES s WATER POLLUTION English en_US This report describes the progress African countries are making on strengthening the quality of policies and institutions that underpin development. It presents Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA) scores for the 39 African countries that are eligible for support from the International Development Association (IDA). This year's report expands coverage to include Djibouti and Yemen from the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA). The scores, which are on a scale of 1 to 6 with 6 being the highest, are an indicator of the quality of these countries' policy and institutional framework across 16 dimensions grouped into four clusters: economic management (Cluster A), structural policies (Cluster B), policies for social inclusion and equity (Cluster C), and public sector management and institutions (Cluster D). The overall quality of policies and institutions in Sub-Saharan African countries held steady in 2013, with divergent performance across countries. The average CPIA score for Sub-Saharan Africa held steady at 3.2 in 2013. But beyond the flat regional average, there was considerable divergence in country performance. For the region's IDA borrowers, scores were in a range of 3.9 to 2.0. A broad-based deepening of policy reforms lifted Rwanda's CPIA score in 2013, and the country joined Cabo Verde and Kenya at the top of the score range. Other top performers include Burkina Faso, Senegal, and Tanzania (all with scores of 3.8). South Sudan and Eritrea remained at the low-end of the score range (2.1 and 2,0, respectively), weighed down by deep policy and governance challenges. The quality of policies and institutions in MENA countries lags behind the average for middle income countries in all CPIA categories with scores lower relative to the Sub-Saharan African IDA country average. Since 2005, neither Yemen nor Djibouti has improved its overall rating; indeed, Yemen's overall policy and institutional score actually declined. The average CPIA score for countries in MENA was 3.0 in 2013, unchanged from 2012. Both Djibouti and Yemen had unchanged scores, indicating that despite unsettled conditions in the region and lingering challenges in global economic conditions, these countries generally opted to maintain their existing policy framework. Djibouti's CPIA score (3.1) was slightly higher than the average while Yemen's was on par with the average 40 17-11-21 00:18:45.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871508 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18939 Volltext, Open Access

1759726931

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:08.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726931 OCoLC 1255600135 WBOKR 18965 EBP 064562808 KEP 064562808 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18965 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO South East Europe Municipal Finance Review Local Government Finance in the Western Balkans World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ASSET SALES s ASSETS s BUDGET EXECUTION s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITALS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS s CENTRAL TRANSFERS s CITIES s CITY SIZE s COMMUNITY AMENITIES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY HEALTH s COMPARATIVE DATA s COUNCILORS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENT EXPENDITURES s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS s DEVOLUTION s DISTRICT s DISTRICT HEATING s EQUALIZATION s EXPENDITURE ASSIGNMENTS s EXPENDITURE DATA s EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s EXPENDITURE NEEDS s EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA s EXPENDITURE RESPONSIBILITIES s EXPENDITURES ON HEALTH s EXPENDITURES PER CAPITA s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FISCAL CAPACITY s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION INDICATORS s FISCAL INFORMATION s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL PERFORMANCE s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL TRANSFERS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSING s INCOME s INFLATION s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s LARGE CITIES s LAWS s LEGISLATION s LICENSES s LOCAL ADMINISTRATION s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL AUTONOMY s LOCAL BUDGETS s LOCAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s LOCAL EXPENDITURE s LOCAL FEES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT ASSOCIATIONS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT BORROWING s LOCAL GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s LOCAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE s LOCAL GOVERNMENT FUNCTIONS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT MANAGEMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE s LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT SPENDING s LOCAL GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL LEVEL s LOCAL REVENUE s LOCAL SPENDING s MANDATES s MAYOR s MAYORS s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL CREDIT s MUNICIPAL DEBT s MUNICIPAL FINANCE s MUNICIPAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MUNICIPAL LEVEL s MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPALITIES s MUNICIPALITY s NATIONAL BUDGETS s OUTSTANDING DEBT s OWN SOURCE REVENUE s PER CAPITA EXPENDITURES s POLICY MAKERS s PROPERTY TAXES s PROVINCE s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC EDUCATION SPENDING s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR SPENDING s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS s PUBLIC UTILITIES s REGIONAL GOVERNMENT s REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS s REGIONAL POLICIES s REVENUE ASSIGNMENTS s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE ENHANCEMENT s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s REVENUE SOURCES s REVENUE STRUCTURE s RISK MANAGEMENT s ROADS s SEWAGE s SIZE OF MUNICIPALITIES s SMALL MUNICIPALITIES s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s STREET LIGHTING s SUB-NATIONAL s SUB-NATIONAL DEBT s SUB-NATIONAL EXPENDITURE s SUB-NATIONAL EXPENDITURES s SUB-NATIONAL FINANCE s SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUBNATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENT s SUSTAINABLE CITIES s TAX s TAX BASE s TAX EFFORTS s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL LOCAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s TOWN s TOWNS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s URBAN AREAS s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN SERVICES s URBANIZATION s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY English en_US This report addresses the limited access to local governments of data and knowledge of municipal finance issues in South East Europe (SEE). The objective of the analytical work under the SEE Municipal Finance Review (MFR) aims to (i) contribute to improved understanding of local government management and finance in the SEE Region; and (ii) contribute to improving the quality and consistency of key municipal finance data for improved evidence based policy making. The analysis presented in this report comprises the first attempt to review and analyze a regional set of disaggregated sub-national finance data in the SEE Region. Main findings of the MFR are presented in this report. Following an introductory chapter, chapter 2 provides an overview of the decentralization framework in the SEE Region, including on the administrative and political structure of sub-national governments, their population size and distribution, and the service functions assigned to local governments. Chapter 3 explains in more detail the local government finance framework. This includes an overview of the structure and composition of sub-national finances, in particular (i) revenue and expenditure assignments; (ii) transfers and intergovernmental fiscal relations; and (iii) the evolving framework and realities of sub-national borrowing and debt. Chapter 4 provides a summary of the key trends and findings from the cross-country, regional analysis, complemented by detailed analysis of the disaggregated datasets, where available. Finally, Chapter 5 summarizes conclusions and provides some recommendations for a possible way forward. In the medium to long term, access to municipal finance information would contribute to increasing transparency and accountability of local governments, improving revenue collection and expenditure performance, optimizing budget allocation procedures, and strengthen local authorities' role and position in intergovernmental fiscal considerations and negotiations in the SEE countries 40 17-11-21 00:18:45.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871516 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18965 Volltext, Open Access

175972694X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972694X OCoLC 1255600114 WBOKR 18945 EBP 064562794 KEP 064562794 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18945 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Volatility and Inequality as Constraints to Shared Prosperity Paraguay Equity Assessment World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Paraguay s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCESS TO GOODS s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL SELF-EMPLOYMENT s AGRICULTURAL WAGE s AGRICULTURAL WORKERS s ANIMAL HUSBANDRY s BASIC FOOD BASKET s BASIC FOOD REQUIREMENTS s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS s CENTRAL BANK s CHANGES IN POVERTY s CHRONIC POVERTY s CHRONICALLY POOR s COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMERS s DECLINE IN POVERTY s DIRECT TRANSFERS s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DIVERSIFICATION s DROUGHT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PROGRESS s ELASTICITY s EMPLOYMENT FOR WOMEN s EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE s EMPLOYMENT INCOME s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s EXTREME POVERTY s EXTREME POVERTY LINE s EXTREME POVERTY LINES s FAMILY FARMS s FAMILY INCOME s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FOOD BASKET s FOOD ITEMS s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOOD REQUIREMENTS s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SERVICES s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GINI COEFFICIENT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH INSURANCE s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSING s IMPACT ON POVERTY s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME FLUCTUATIONS s INCOME GAINS s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME POVERTY s INCOME VOLATILITY s INDICATORS OF POVERTY s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY REDUCTION s INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINE s IRRIGATION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s MACROECONOMIC GROWTH s MEAT s NATIONAL OUTPUT s PAYROLL TAXES s POOR s POOR FAMILIES s POOR INDIVIDUALS s POOR LIVING s POOR PEOPLE s POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY STATUS s PRICE FLUCTUATIONS s PRIVATE TRANSFERS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY TAXES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PURCHASING POWER s REDUCTION IN POVERTY s REDUCTION OF POVERTY s REGIONAL AVERAGE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RUNNING WATER s RURAL s RURAL AREA s RURAL AREAS s RURAL EMPLOYMENT s RURAL FAMILIES s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INEQUALITY s RURAL LABOR s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL SECTOR s SANITATION s SCHOOLING s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL FARMS s SOCIAL POLICIES s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL SECURITY s STRUCTURAL CHANGE s TARGETING s TAX REVENUES s TAXATION s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL POVERTY s TRANSFER PROGRAMS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VALUE ADDED s WAGE EARNERS s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WAGE PREMIUM s WAGES s WELFARE MEASURE English en_US Isolated by nature, and recovering from a period of historically low growth during the eighties and nineties, Paraguay faced many economic and social challenges at the beginning of the twenty first century. By year 2000, Paraguay GDP per capita was only 50 percent of the Latin American average and 34 percent of its MERCOSUR partners. High poverty and inequality were an inherent characteristic of the country. Yet, between 2003 and 2013, Paraguay has performed substantially well, seeing a reduction in moderate and extreme (monetary) poverty. This is essentially the result of a period of average significant growth combined with a reduction in inequality. This report explores the factors associated to the observed improvements in welfare and inequality, and investigates the challenges facing their sustainability, given the historical structural problems of Paraguay to maintain growth and improve social indicators. The underlying question is indeed whether the growth model and reduction in inequality are consistent with a positive social dynamics, taking a comprehensive definition of equity, which includes sustainable elimination of absolute poverty, enhancing equality of opportunity and strengthening agency for all groups 40 17-11-21 00:18:45.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871524 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18945 Volltext, Open Access

1759726958

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 0206:08-05-23 16:05:28.000 0206:13-12-22 utf8 0 Oau Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726958 OCoLC 1255600071 WBOKR 18942 EBP 064562786 KEP 064562786 eng 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18942 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of India Mutisectoral Nutrition Action in Bihar 1826878785 Kathuria Ashi Kohli gnd/1275437389 VerfasserIn aut Rajni Khanna VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESS TO FOOD s ACCESS TO GOVERNMENT s ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS s ADOLESCENT GIRLS s ADOLESCENT HEALTH s AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION s ANTENATAL CARE s BASIC FOOD BASKET s BEHAVIOR CHANGE s BREAST FEEDING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CHILD CARE s CHILD DEATH s CHILD DEVELOPMENT s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD MORTALITY s CITIZENS s CLEAN WATER s CLEANLINESS s COMMUNITY HEALTH s COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS s COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMMUNITY RESOURCE PERSONS s CULTURAL PRACTICES s DAY CARE s DECISION MAKING s DEMAND FOR SERVICES s DESCRIPTION s DIET s DISSEMINATION s DISTRICTS s DRINKING WATER s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY MARRIAGE s ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s FAMILIES s FATIGUE s FOOD AVAILABILITY s FOOD BASKET s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD DEFICIT s FOOD INSECURE HOUSEHOLDS s FOOD INTAKE s FOOD ITEMS s FOOD POLICY s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SHORTAGE s FOOD SUPPLIES s GENDER s GENDER RELATIONS s GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS s GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH EDUCATION s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD FOOD INSECURITY s HOUSEHOLD LEVEL s HUMAN CAPITAL s HYGIENE s IMMUNIZATION s INADEQUATE FOOD s INCOME s INFANT s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS s INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE s INTERVENTION s IODINE DEFICIENCY s IRON s LEGAL STATUS s LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITY s MALNUTRITION s MASS MEDIA s MATERNAL HEALTH s MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES s MICRONUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTATION s MIDWIFE s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s NATURAL RESOURCES s NOURISHMENT s NURSE s NUTRITION s NUTRITION IMPROVEMENT s NUTRITION INFORMATION s NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS s NUTRITION NEEDS s NUTRITION OUTCOMES s NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF WOMEN s PARTICIPATORY METHODS s PERSONAL HYGIENE s POLICY RESEARCH s POLLUTION s POOR s POSTNATAL CARE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION EFFORTS s POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAM s POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECT s PREGNANCIES s PREGNANCY s PREGNANT WOMEN s PROGRESS s PUBLIC HEALTH s QUALITATIVE DATA s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL DRINKING WATER s RURAL EMPLOYMENT s RURAL HEALTH s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RURAL POOR s RURAL POOR HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL RESIDENTS s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SELF HELP s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL INEQUALITIES s SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SOCIAL MOBILIZATION s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL WELFARE s TARGETING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRAININGS s VEGETABLES s VILLAGE LEVEL s VILLAGES s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s WASTE s WORKERS s YOUNG CHILD s YOUNG CHILDREN English en_US India, currently, has one of the highest malnutrition rates in the world. One-third of its children are born with low birth-weight, 43 percent of children under five are underweight, 48 percent are stunted and 20 percent are wasted. Stunting rates in India are two to seven folds higher than those of other BRICS countries. Micronutrient deficiencies are extremely high with almost 75 percent of the under threes being anemic, 62 percent deficient in vitamin A and over 13 million infants remaining unprotected from iodine deficiency disorders. There are large differentials in the prevalence across states and socio economic groups. Sixty percent of the malnutrition burden exists in low income states: Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. The Government's policy commitment to address malnutrition and the multitude of programs that are being implemented, progress in reducing under nutrition has been slow. It therefore becomes imperative to address the malnutrition challenge and to prevent and reduce maternal and child malnutrition as early as possible across the life cycle especially through pregnancy and in the first two years of life, i.e., in the first 1,000 days of life, and in adolescent girls and women. In order to accelerate improvements across the states, the Government of India (GOI) has made policy commitments to mobilize multisectoral action to address the multiple causes of malnutrition effectively through formulating a multisectoral strategy and a multisectoral program to be implemented in 200 high malnutrition burden districts of the country. The multisectoral strategy also aims to bring a strong nutrition focus in various sectoral plans to address maternal and child malnutrition 40 17-11-21 00:18:45.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871532 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18942 Volltext, Open Access

1759726966

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726966 OCoLC 1255600024 WBOKR 18941 EBP 064562778 KEP 064562778 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18941 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of India - eGovernance in the North East Reducing Public Administration Constraints to Improve Service Delivery World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACTION PLAN s ACTION PLANS s ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICES s ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEMS s BEST PRACTICES s BETTER SERVICE DELIVERY s BETTER SERVICES TO CITIZENS s BUSINESS PROCESS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CITIZEN SERVICE s CIVIL SERVANT s CIVIL SERVANTS s COMPLAINTS s CONNECTIVITY s COPYRIGHT s DATA CENTERS s DECISION MAKING s DELIVERY MODELS s DELIVERY OF GOODS s DELIVERY OF SERVICES s DELIVERY SYSTEM s DELIVERY TO CITIZENS s DIGITIZATION s E-GOV s E-GOVERNANCE s E-GOVERNANCE PROJECTS s E-GOVERNMENT s E-GOVERNMENT PLAN s E-MAIL s E-SERVICE s E-SERVICES s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EGOVERNANCE s ELECTIONS s ELECTRONIC DELIVERY s ELECTRONIC SERVICE s ELECTRONIC SERVICE DELIVERY s FEDERAL GOVERNMENT s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FRONT-END s FUNCTIONALITY s G2C s G2G s GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES s HARD COPY s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s ICT s INITIATIVE s INNOVATION s INSTITUTION s INSUFFICIENT INFORMATION s INTEGRITY s INTERFACE s INTERNAL OPERATIONS s INTEROPERABILITY s KNOWING s LAWS s LEADERSHIP s LEGAL BASIS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LICENSES s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MATERIAL s MEDIA s MENU s MINISTER s MONITORING MECHANISM s ONLINE SURVEY s PAPERLESS OFFICE s PDF s POLICY DEVELOPMENT s POLICY MAKING s POLITICAL SYSTEM s POLITICIANS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PROTOCOL s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC CONSULTATION s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC OFFICIALS s PUBLIC SERVANTS s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLISHING s QUERIES s RADIO s REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE s RESULT s RESULTS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICES TO CITIZENS s STANDARDIZATION s TARGETS s TELEPHONE s TELEVISION s TIME FRAME s TRANSPARENCY s USER s USES s WIDE AREA NETWORKS English en_US The Government of Assam (GoA) is engaged in a process of improving services to citizens. The focus on better services to citizens is in line with the National e-Government Plan (NeGP), with a number of existing and anticipated Union Acts, and with recently passed acts in Assam, especially the Assam Right to Public Services Act of 2012. The GoA is fully aware that progress on service delivery will require attention to both vertical and horizontal connectivity, and it intends to develop a Strategic Action Plan which focuses on these critical elements. The policy dialogue with the Government of Assam and review of relevant documents reveal general agreement on main public administration constraints (PAC's) to service delivery. The current report proposes a gradual reform approach, with a focus on searching for improvements that can be accomplished with a reasonable effort. The present report is structured as follows. Chapter two, 'Public Administration Constraints (PAC's)', provides a detailed diagnostic of constraints identified in Assam, groups those under five headings, and proposes actions to address each of the constraints. Chapter three, 'the way forward' proposes a process leading to the preparation and adoption by the Government of Assam of a strategic action plan to address to address selected PAC's 40 17-11-21 00:18:45.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871540 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18941 Volltext, Open Access

1759726974

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726974 OCoLC 1255600237 WBOKR 18947 EBP 06456276X KEP 06456276X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18947 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO What Works at Scale? Distilling the Critical Success Factors for Scaling Up Rural Sanitation World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ADEQUATE WATER s ADEQUATE WATER SUPPLY s ANIMALS s AWARENESS CREATION s BEHAVIOR CHANGE s BEHAVIORAL CHANGE s BIOGAS s CATCHMENT s CHANGES IN HYGIENE BEHAVIOR s CLEANLINESS s COMMUNITY SANITATION s COMPOSTING s CONSTRUCTION s DEFECATION AREAS s DEMAND FOR SANITATION s DISTRICT COLLECTORS s DOMESTIC HYGIENE s DRAINAGE s DRINKING WATER s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION s FECES s GARBAGE s GARDENS s GREY WATER s HANDWASHING s HEALTH CARE s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HYGIENE s HYGIENE COMMUNICATION s HYGIENE PRACTICES s HYGIENE PROMOTION s LATRINE s PIPES s PIT LATRINES s PITS s PONDS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING s PUBLIC WORKS s RECYCLING s RESOURCE RECOVERY s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE SANITATION s SAFETY s SANITARY FACILITIES s SANITATION s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INDICATORS s SANITATION INITIATIVES s SANITATION INTERVENTIONS s SANITATION PRACTICES s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROGRAMS s SANITATION SCHEMES s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICE DELIVERY s SANITATION SERVICES s SEWERAGE s SITE SANITATION s SLUDGE s SOAP s SOCIAL MARKETING s SOCIAL MOBILIZATION s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s TANKS s TOILET s TOILET FACILITIES s TOILETS s TOTAL SANITATION s UNSAFE SANITATION s URBAN COMMUNITIES s WATER SANITATION s WATER SUPPLY English en_US In February 2014, the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Government of India, in collaboration with the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) of the World Bank, brought together policy makers, scholars and practitioners in Jaipur, India, for the Knowledge Sharing Forum entitled what works at scale? Distilling critical success factors for scaling up rural sanitation. The forum participants reviewed the conditions required for successful sanitation programs and strategies that could lead to sound implementation of such programs and strategies in their own states and/or countries. Participants from within India came from State and District sanitation programs, international organizations, NGOs and the private sector. The forum also benefited from international experience, with strategic inputs provided by key resource people from Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia, Tanzania, Thailand and Uganda. Prior to the formal sessions, international participants were able to visit two districts in Rajasthan to observe sanitation campaigns which had resulted in open defecation-free status. The Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA), Clean India Campaign, focuses on a comprehensive program to ensure the sustained use of safe sanitation facilities in rural areas, eliminating the practice of open defecation and ensuring a clean environment. The NBA experience has shown that without the motivation for safe sanitation, facilities will not be used with any degree of consistency. Demand creation must therefore take precedence over physical implementation and new practices must be sustained after construction. The focus is not on individual households but on groups of people at the habitation, village, community (Panchayat) levels who can work together, supporting each other to achieve long term open defecation-free status. Once the demand is created, a strong supply chain must be in place to ensure a rapid response 40 17-11-21 00:18:45.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871559 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18947 Volltext, Open Access

1759726982

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726982 OCoLC 1255600169 WBOKR 18949 EBP 064562751 KEP 064562751 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18949 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Burundi Skills Development for Growth Building Skills for Coffee and Other Priority Sectors World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Burundi s ACCESS RATE s ACCESS TO CAPITAL s AGE GROUPS s AGRIBUSINESS s AGRICULTURAL LABOR s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRONOMY s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC LITERACY s BEANS s BENEFITS OF EDUCATION s CAPACITY BUILDING s CARE FOR CHILDREN s CASSAVA s CHERRIES s CLASS SIZE s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s COFFEE s COFFEE BEANS s COFFEE FARMERS s COFFEE GROWERS s COFFEE GROWING s COFFEE GROWING AREAS s COFFEE MARKET s COFFEE PRICES s COFFEE PRODUCER s COFFEE PRODUCERS s COFFEE PRODUCTION s COFFEE SECTOR s COFFEE TREES s COMPLETION RATE s COOPERATIVES s CROP s CROP PRODUCTION s CROPS s CULTIVATION s CULTIVATION PRACTICES s CURRICULA s DEFORESTATION s DEGRADATION s DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISSEMINATION s DISTANCE EDUCATION s DONOR SUPPORT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s EDUCATION ATTAINMENT s EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION REFORM s EDUCATION REFORMS s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ELDERLY s ENROLMENT FIGURES s ENROLMENTS s EXTENSION AGENTS s EXTENSION WORKERS s FAIR TRADE s FAO s FARM s FARM ACTIVITIES s FARM EMPLOYMENT s FARM EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s FARMER s FARMER ORGANIZATIONS s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMS s FERTILIZER s FERTILIZER USE s FERTILIZERS s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SECURITY s FORMAL EDUCATION s FORMAL EDUCATION SYSTEM s FOSSIL FUELS s FRUITS s GENERAL EDUCATION s GER s GIRLS s GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS s GREEN REVOLUTION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS ENROLMENT s GROSS ENROLMENT RATE s HARVESTING s HEALTH INSURANCE s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION QUALIFICATIONS s HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s ICRISAT s IMPACT OF EDUCATION s INFORMAL TRAINING s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE s INTERNSHIPS s INTERPERSONAL SKILLS s INTERVENTIONS s IRRI s JOB CREATION s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JOB TRAINING s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND TENURE s LEARNING s LEGAL STATUS s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LITERACY PROGRAMS s LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION s MANUALS s MARGINAL LANDS s MEAT s MEDIA COVERAGE s MIGRATION s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MILLET s MORTALITY s MULCH s NEW ENTRANTS s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s NUMERACY s OLD SYSTEM s PARTICIPATION RATES s PLANTATIONS s PLANTING s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY GOALS s POOR HEALTH s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION GROWTH RATE s PRIMARY CYCLE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLMENT s PRIMARY SCHOOLING s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PRIVATE ENROLLMENTS s PRODUCE s PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES s PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION s PROGRESS s QUALITY COFFEE s QUALITY CONTROL s RAINFOREST s RAPID POPULATION GROWTH s REGIONAL BANKS s REPETITION RATES s RESPECT s RICE s RICE RESEARCH s RURAL AREAS s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SCHOOL ENROLLMENT s SCHOOL FEES s SCHOOL HOURS s SCHOOL LEAVERS s SCHOOL PROGRAM s SCHOOL-LEAVERS s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SEA LEVEL s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOLING s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SEED s SEED MULTIPLICATION s SEEDLINGS s SEEDS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SKILL LEVEL s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLS ACQUISITION s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SKILLS REQUIREMENTS s SKILLS TRAINING s SMALL PRODUCERS s SMALLHOLDERS s SOCIAL ACTION s SOCIAL SCIENCES s SOIL EROSION s SOIL FERTILITY s SOILS s SORGHUM s SPECIALTY COFFEE s SPECIALTY COFFEE MARKETS s SUGAR s SUGARCANE s TEA s TEACHER s TEACHING s TEACHING METHODS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TERRACING s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TILLAGE s TOBACCO s TRAINEES s TRAINING CENTRE s TRAINING OF TEACHERS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRANSPORTATION s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNIVERSAL BASIC EDUCATION s UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION s UNIVERSITIES s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTER s URBAN CENTERS s VEGETABLES s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WATER RESOURCES s WHEAT s WORKFORCE s YIELDS s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUTH s YOUTH PARTICIPATION English en_US With limited land, capital, and a fast growing population, Burundi's main asset is its youthful population. Its main challenge is also to create good quality jobs for its youth. With low levels of educational attainment and poor health status, the quality of this young population is poor. After more than 13 years of conflict ending in 2000, and a period of modest recovery, Burundi has the opportunity to stimulate growth. Burundi is making strides in creating one of the fundamentals of job creation - investment climate. Investing in the skills of the population is critical for the success of growth strategy and for creating productive employment opportunities for Burundi's youth. The Government of Burundi is introducing a major reform in the education sector which is going to significantly impact skills in Burundi. This analytical report will contribute to defining a skills development strategy for Burundi to complement the growth strategy. It looks at the potential impact of the basic education reform on the quantity and education attainment of the working age population. Further it looks at the skills demands that are likely to emerge if Burundi upgrades along the value chain in selected sectors to ensure strong alignment of occupation competencies in growth sectors. The report is structured as follows: section one gives introduction. Section two gives impacts of the new basic education reform, and its pace of implementation, for the education levels of potential new workers, and of the population, over the next 10-15 years. Section three presents the potential upgrading strategies for moving up the value chain in the selected sectors. Section four presents current framework for strategic direction, demand-led approach, and coordination of the technical vocational education and training (TVET) system 40 17-11-21 00:18:46.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871567 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18949 Volltext, Open Access

1759726990

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759726990 OCoLC 1255600251 WBOKR 18944 EBP 064562743 KEP 064562743 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18944 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia Avoiding the Trap World Bank VerfasserIn aut Jakarta 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACTUAL COSTS s AGRICULTURE s AMORTIZATIONS s ASSET QUALITY s ASSETS s AUTONOMY s AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK CREDIT s BANK FINANCING s BANK RECAPITALIZATION s BANKS s BASIC EDUCATION s BOND YIELDS s BONDS s BROKER s BROKERAGE s BUDGETING s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL STOCK s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANK INDEPENDENCE s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER DURABLES s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE BOND MARKET s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s COST OF LIVING s CREDIT CONSTRAINT s CREDITORS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY APPRECIATION s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT s DEBT LEVEL s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT STOCK s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICIT SPENDING s DEPOSIT s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DOMESTIC BOND s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT SECURITIES s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ELECTRICITY s EMERGING ECONOMIES s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS s ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTS s EQUIPMENT s ESCROW s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTREME POVERTY s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INTEGRATION s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCING REQUIREMENT s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL REFORMS s FLOATING RATE s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBALIZATION s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEFICIT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GRANT ALLOCATION s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH THEORY s HEALTH SPENDING s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME LEVEL s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATES s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FINANCE s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s INVESTOR PROTECTION s ISSUANCE s JOB CREATION s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET ISSUES s LABOR MARKET RIGIDITIES s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR UNIONS s LAND REFORMS s LANDOWNERS s LAWS s LEGAL ENVIRONMENT s LEGAL RIGHTS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LEGISLATION s LICENSES s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MANDATES s MATURITY s MATURITY MISMATCHES s MATURITY SPECTRUM s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MULTIPLIER EFFECTS s MUNICIPAL BONDS s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NOMINAL WAGES s OIL PRICE s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUND ASSETS s PHYSICAL ASSETS s PHYSICAL SECURITY s POLICY RESPONSE s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE RISKS s PRIVATE BORROWING s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PRODUCT MARKETS s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES s PROFITABILITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL GDP s REAL INCOME s REGULATORY BARRIERS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY STRUCTURES s RETAINED EARNINGS s RETURN s REVENUE COLLECTION s RISK AVERSION s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK PROFILE s ROADS s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SETTLEMENT s SOCIAL SERVICES s STOCK EXCHANGE s STRUCTURAL CHANGE s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX REFORM s TAX REVENUES s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL OUTPUT s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE LAWS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBANIZATION s VALUATION s WAGES s WEALTH s WEALTH EFFECTS English en_US Within the next two decades Indonesia aspires to generate prosperity, avoid a middle-income trap and leave no one behind as it tries to catch up with high-income economies. These are ambitious goals. Realizing them requires sustained high growth and job creation, as well as reduced inequality. Can Indonesia achieve them? This report argues that the country has the potential to rise and become more prosperous and equitable. But the risk of 'floating in the middle' is real. Which pathway the economy will take depends on: (i) the adoption of a growth strategy that unleashes the productivity potential of the economy; and (ii) consistent implementation of a few, long-standing, high-priority structural reforms to boost growth and share prosperity more widely. Indonesia is fortunate to have options in financing these reforms without threatening its long-term fiscal outlook. The difficulties lie in getting the reforms implemented in a complex institutional and decentralized framework. But Indonesia cannot afford hard to not try harder. The costs of complacency, and the rewards for action, are too high 40 17-11-21 00:18:46.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871575 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18944 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727008 OCoLC 1255599984 WBOKR 18943 EBP 064562735 KEP 064562735 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18943 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tanzania Economic Update Who Wants a Job? World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Tanzania s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO EXTERNAL FINANCE s ACCOUNTING s ACCUMULATION OF ARREARS s ADMINISTRATIVE BARRIERS s ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN s ADMINISTRATIVE BURDENS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s ARREARS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK FINANCING s BANK OF TANZANIA s BANKRUPTCY s BASIC SERVICES s BOND s BORROWING COSTS s BROAD MONEY s BUSINESS ACTIVITIES s BUSINESS INCUBATOR s BUSINESS PEOPLE s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s COLLECTED REVENUES s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL BORROWING s COMMERCIAL DEBT s COMMERCIAL FARMING s COMMERCIAL LOANS s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s CORRUPTION s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT MARKET s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEBT-SERVICE s DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISBURSEMENTS s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC INVESTMENT s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC SAVINGS s DURABLE s DURABLE ASSETS s DURABLE GOODS s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EDUCATION LEVELS s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENTREPRENEURS s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE ADJUSTMENTS s EXPLOITATION s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXTERNAL AID s EXTERNAL BALANCE s EXTERNAL CAPITAL s EXTERNAL FINANCE s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FARM ENTERPRISES s FARMER s FINANCES s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL FRAGILITY s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FISCAL ADJUSTMENT s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL RISKS s FISCAL TARGET s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FORMAL SOURCES OF CREDIT s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPORT DUTIES s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION RATES s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL INTEREST s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s JOB CREATION s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LABOR MARKET s LACK OF ACCESS s LACK OF COMPETITION s LAWS s LENDER s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LOAN s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOSS OF CONFIDENCE s MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS s MARKET SHARE s MFI s MICRO ENTERPRISE s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MIGRATION s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL DEBT s NATIONAL ECONOMY s NET PRESENT VALUE s NEW BUSINESSES s NEW ENTRANTS s OIL PRICES s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSIONS s POVERTY LEVEL s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRESENT VALUE s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRIVATE CAPITAL INFLOWS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFITABILITY s PROFITABLE BUSINESSES s PROGRAMS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PRUDENT FISCAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DISCLOSURE s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SECTOR DEFICIT s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUSH FACTOR s RATE OF EXCHANGE s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATES s RECEIPTS s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REINVESTMENT s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETURNS s REVENUE TARGET s RISK MITIGATION s RISK OF DEBT s RULE OF LAW s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SERVICE PROVISION s SETTLEMENT s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SMALL LOANS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX RATE s TAX REVENUES s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPORT s UNCERTAINTY s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN ECONOMIES s URBAN GROWTH s URBANIZATION s VALUE OF EXPORTS s VALUE OF IMPORTS s WAGES English en_US This fifth economic update also examines prospects for economic prosperity in the context of rapid urbanization; in particular, how the growth of cities can be harnessed to create productive jobs for a labor force that is expected to double in the next 15 years. By 2030, Dar es Salaam will be a mega city of over 10 million people. As demonstrated by many countries in the world, cities encourage the creation and expansion of businesses by reducing distances between suppliers and customers. Can Dar es Salaam and other Tanzanian urban areas become thriving cities? Can they avoid becoming metropolis slums? Urbanization comes with significant challenges, notably in terms of increased pressure on infrastructure, housing, and service provision. The quality of the business climate in urban Tanzania will need to be improved, as most small and large entrepreneurs suffer from the uncertainty, corruption, and insecurity that characterize the business environment. This economic update argues that these challenges need to be addressed with a sense of urgency 40 17-11-21 00:18:46.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871583 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18943 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727016 OCoLC 1255600258 WBOKR 18950 EBP 064562727 KEP 064562727 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18950 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Increasing Domestic Procurement by the Mining Sector in Central Asia Bruce Coyne VerfasserIn aut Ana Maria Esteves VerfasserIn aut Vera Ogorodnikova VerfasserIn aut Cyrille Putz VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Central Asia Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACTION PLAN s ANTI-CORRUPTION s ASSETS s BACKBONE s BANKS s BEST PRACTICE s BID RIGGING s BIDDING s BRANCH s BRANCHES s BRIBERY s BUSINESS ASSOCIATION s BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUSINESS DRIVERS s BUSINESS ENABLING s BUSINESS ENTITIES s BUSINESS ENTITY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS MODELS s BUSINESS OPERATIONS s BUSINESS PARTNER s BUSINESS PLAN s BUSINESS PROCESSES s BUSINESS SERVICES s BUSINESSES s BUYERS s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s CHARTER s CIVIL SOCIETY s COLLABORATION s COMMERCIAL TRANSACTION s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMPANY s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVENESS s CONFIDENTIALITY s CONTENT MANAGEMENT s CONTENT PREFERENCE s CONTRACTORS s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s CONTROLLING INTERESTS s COPYRIGHT s CORPORATION s CORRUPTION s CORRUPTION LAWS s CUSTOMS s DATA COLLECTION s DECISION-MAKING s DISCRETION s DIVERSIFICATION s E-MAIL s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYMENT s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT s ENTREPRENEURS s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY FINANCING s EXISTING BUSINESS s EXPANSION s EXTORTION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FIRMS s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN COMPANY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s FRAMEWORK AGREEMENTS s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REGULATION s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMAN RIGHTS s HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS s INDUSTRIAL BASE s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INDUSTRY INVOLVEMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INITIATIVE s INPUT PROVIDERS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTERFACE s INTERNATIONAL COMPANIES s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTIGATION s INVESTIGATIONS s JOINT VENTURE s JOINT VENTURES s JUDICIARY s LAWS s LEARNING s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LIABILITY s LICENSE s LICENSES s LICENSING s LOAN s LOCAL BUSINESS s LOCAL BUSINESSES s LOCAL INDUSTRY s MANUFACTURERS s MANUFACTURING s MARKET PRICE s MARKET PRICES s MARKET RESEARCH s MARKET SEGMENTS s MARKETING s MATERIAL s MEDIA s MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s MICRO-CREDIT s MICRO-FINANCE s MINING ENTERPRISE s MINISTER s MULTINATIONAL s MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES s MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS s NATIONAL LAW s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEPOTISM s ONLINE BUSINESS s OPEN MARKET s OUTSOURCING s PARTY s PERFORMANCE MEASURES s POLICY FRAMEWORKS s PREFERENTIAL s PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT POLICIES s PROCUREMENT POLICY s PROCUREMENT VALUE s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC OFFICIALS s QUERIES s R&D s REGISTRY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY MECHANISMS s RESEARCH METHODS s RESULTS s ROADS s SANCTION s SECURE ACCESS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDERS s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SME s SME DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s STANDARD FRAMEWORK s STATE GOVERNMENT s SUPPLIER s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAINS s TARGETS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY s TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELEPHONE s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRANSPARENCY s USER s VALUE CHAIN s VALUE CHAINS s VENDOR s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WORLD TRADE English en_US This study has focused on the third factor, specifically, the creation of local benefits through supplier linkages. The World Bank commissioned a pilot study to inform the nature and scale of potential support to the three Central Asian countries, with the goal of mining-related domestic procurement serving as an instrument to increase employment and industrialization. This document presents on the findings of the study, undertaken by Community Insights Group during the period May to July 2013. The report starts with an overview of current global trends with respect to domestic procurement by mining operations. Sections 3-5 describe the situation in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan with regard to company legal obligations and practices, and government programs and capacities to support domestic SMEs supplying the mining industry. The situation analysis is followed by a summary of case studies (Section 6) undertaken with mining operations to determine their current procurement needs, current local procurement efforts, and barriers to increasing procurement. The case studies also included the perspective of local suppliers and potential local suppliers. The report closes with a set of recommendations for World Bank consideration, to guide future interventions 40 17-11-21 00:18:46.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871591 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18950 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727024 OCoLC 1255600206 WBOKR 18953 EBP 064562719 KEP 064562719 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18953 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Debt Management Reform Plan Madagascar World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Madagascar s ACCESS TO TRAINING s ACCOUNTING s ANNUAL BORROWING PLAN s AUCTION s AUCTION TECHNIQUE s AUCTIONS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK DEBT s BENEFICIARY s BIDS s BOND s BONDS s BORROWER s BORROWING COSTS s BORROWING PLAN s BORROWING REQUIREMENT s BUSINESS ACTIVITIES s BUYBACKS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL GRANTS s CASH BALANCE s CASH BALANCES s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CASH TRANSACTIONS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBTS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL LENDERS s COMPOSITION OF DEBT s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s COST ESTIMATES s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT LIMIT s CREDIT RATINGS s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISK ASSESSMENT s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY COMPOSITION s CURRENT ACCOUNT s DEBT s DEBT DATA s DEBT DATABASE s DEBT DISBURSEMENTS s DEBT LEGISLATION s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MANAGEMENT CAPACITIES s DEBT MANAGEMENT POLICIES s DEBT MANAGEMENT POLICY s DEBT MANAGEMENT STRATEGY s DEBT MARKET DEVELOPMENT s DEBT OPERATIONS s DEBT OUTSTANDING s DEBT RELIEF s DEBT REPAYMENT s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT SOURCE s DEBT STOCK s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s DEBTORS s DEBTS s DEDUCTIBLE s DEFICIT FINANCING s DEFICITS s DEGREE OF RISK s DERIVATIVE s DERIVATIVE CONTRACTS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISASTER RECOVERY s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC ARREARS s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC SECURITIES s DUE DILIGENCE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENFORCEABLE CONTRACT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXISTING DEBT s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL BORROWINGS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL NEEDS s FINANCING COSTS s FINANCING NEEDS s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED INTEREST s FIXED INTEREST RATE s FIXED RATE s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY DEBT s FOREIGN DONORS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN LOANS s FOREIGN MARKETS s FRAUD s FUNDING SOURCES s FUNGIBLE s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s INFLATION s INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST ARREARS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATE SPREAD s INTEREST RATE SPREADS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT PURPOSES s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCE OF T-BILLS s ISSUANCE OF TREASURY BILLS s ISSUANCES s LACK OF INFORMATION s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDERS s LETTERS OF CREDIT s LETTERS OF CREDITS s LEVEL OF RISK s LEVY s LIABILITY s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RISK s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOAN AGREEMENTS s LOAN ANALYSIS s LOAN CONTRACT s LOAN GUARANTEE s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOCAL CURRENCY s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DEVELOPMENTS s MARKET FRAGMENTATION s MARKET INTEREST RATES s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKETABLE SECURITIES s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MODERN LEGISLATION s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MULTILATERAL DEBT s MULTILATERAL DEBT RELIEF s OUTSTANDING DEBT s OUTSTANDING DEBT STOCKS s PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO s PRIMARY DEALER s PRIMARY DEALER SYSTEM s PRIMARY MARKET s PRINCIPAL PAYMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR DEBT s PROFITABILITY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC POLICY s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REPAYMENTS s RESERVES s RETURN s RISK CONTROL s RISK EXPOSURE s RISK EXPOSURES s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MITIGATION s RISK OF DEBT s RISK OF LOSS s RISK PROFILE s RISK PROFILES s SECONDARY MARKET s SECONDARY MARKET TRADING s SECONDARY TRADING s SECURITIES ISSUANCE s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKET DEVELOPMENT s SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT DATE s SHORT MATURITY s STOCKS s T-BILL s T-BILLS s TAX s TAX LIABILITY s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL DEBT s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREATY s VARIABLE RATE English en_US The reform plan pillars outlined in this report build on the findings of the 2013 World Bank Debt Management Performance Assessment (DeMPA) for Madagascar and the discussions held during this mission with the central government representatives. Recent presidential elections and envisaged inauguration of the new government provides an enabling environment for engaging into broad economic and institutional reforms. Improvement of the governance practices and continuation of the public finance management reforms are among priorities stipulated in the President's reform agenda. It is important to mention that during the last two years MoFB's Treasury undertook a number of initiatives to improve government debt management. The Public Debt Directorate (DDP) was reorganized in 2012 and additional staff was hired during the last calendar year. Improvement of existing legal framework was initiated by the DDP in close cooperation with legal advisers of the Treasury. The main areas of reforms identified include: (i) improvement of the legal framework, (ii) formulation of a debt management strategy, (iii) improvement of central government borrowing policies, and (iv) operational risk management 40 17-11-21 00:18:46.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871605 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18953 Volltext, Open Access

1759727032

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727032 OCoLC 1255600265 WBOKR 18958 EBP 064562700 KEP 064562700 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18958 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Armenia Sustainable and Strategic Decision Making in Mining World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Armenia Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACID DRAINAGE s ACID RAIN s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s ALUMINUM s AQUIFERS s ARSENIC s BENEFICIATION s BENEFIT ANALYSIS s BEQUEST VALUE s BLUEPRINT s BOILERS s CADMIUM s CHROMIUM s CITIZENS s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLOSURE PLANS s CLOSURES s COAL s COAL MINING s COAL MINING INDUSTRY s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMPENSATION OF DAMAGES s CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABILITY s CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK s CONSUMPTION PATTERNS s CONTAMINATED SOIL s CONTINGENT VALUATION s COPPER s COPPER MINE s DECISION MAKING s DEVELOPMENT PLANNING s DEVELOPMENT PLANS s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DISSEMINATION s ECOLOGY s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC VALUE s ECOSYSTEM s EITI s EMISSIONS s ENVIRONMENT AND POPULATION s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES s ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS s ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE s ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTS s EXISTENCE VALUE s EXPLOITATION s EXPLOITATION PERMITS s EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES s EXPLORATION PERMIT s EXTERNALITIES s EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES s EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVE s FISHERIES s FLOOD CONTROL s GAS s GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION s GOLD s GOLD MINE s GOLD MINING s GOLD RESERVES s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GROUNDWATER s HAZARDOUS MATERIALS s HEALTH CENTERS s HEAVY METALS s HEDONIC PRICING s HUMAN RIGHTS s INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS s IRRIGATION s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND RECLAMATION s LAND RESOURCES s LAND USE s LEACHATE s LEACHATES s LEACHING s LEGAL STATUS s LICENSE FEES s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL DEVELOPMENT s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET PRICES s METALS s MIGRATION s MINE CLOSURE s MINE CLOSURE PLAN s MINE OPENING s MINE OPERATIONS s MINE TAILINGS s MINERAL DEPOSITS s MINERAL RESOURCES s MINERAL SECTOR s MINERALS s MINERALS INDUSTRY s MINERALS SECTOR s MINING ACTIVITIES s MINING ACTIVITY s MINING AREAS s MINING COMMUNITIES s MINING COMPANIES s MINING COMPANY s MINING DEVELOPMENT s MINING INDUSTRIES s MINING INDUSTRY s MINING INVESTMENTS s MINING LEGISLATION s MINING OPERATION s MINING OPERATIONS s MINING OPERATORS s MINING PERMITS s MINING POLICIES s MINING PRODUCTS s MINING PROJECT s MINING PROJECTS s MINING REFORM s MINING RIGHTS s MINING SECTOR s MINING TECHNOLOGY s MISMANAGEMENT s MOLYBDENUM s NATURAL CAPITAL s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEUTRALIZATION s NONRENEWABLE RESOURCES s OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH s OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY s OIL s OLD MINES s ORE RESERVES s ORES s PARTICULATES s PASTURES s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY DIALOGUE s POLICY MAKERS s POLLUTION s POLLUTION FEES s PONDS s PRECIOUS METALS s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTION PROCESSES s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s QUALITY OF LIFE s QUALITY STANDARDS s QUARRYING s REACTIVITY s RECYCLING s RENT-SEEKING BEHAVIOR s RESERVE FUND s RESIDUES s RESOURCE CONSERVATION s RESOURCE CURSE s RESOURCE DEPLETION s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RESPECT s REVENUE MANAGEMENT s REVENUES FROM OIL s RIVERS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s SALT s SCREENING s SEDIMENTATION s SEDIMENTS s SERVICE PROVISION s SEWERAGE s SMELTER s SOCIAL COSTS s SOCIAL COSTS OF MINING s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL IMPACT s SOCIAL IMPACTS OF MINING s SOCIAL ISSUES s SOCIAL TENSIONS s SOCIALLY SUSTAINABLE MINING s SOIL SAMPLES s SOILS s SOLID WASTE s SPOIL HEAPS s STABILIZATION s SUSTAINABILITY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH s TAILINGS s TIMBER s TOXIC CHEMICALS s TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVE s USE VALUE s WASTE s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WASTES s WASTEWATER s WATER CONTAMINATION s WATER POLLUTION s WATER SUPPLY s WELLS s WILLINGNESS TO PAY s WORKFORCE s ZINC pha English en_US This paper aims to inform Armenia's policy dialogue on environmental and social issues in the mining sector. The paper is based on the premise that for the mining sector to have positive, long-term impacts in Armenia, it is necessary to take into consideration the short- and long-term environmental and social impacts of the sector and to promote strategic planning and efficient management of natural resources. The mining sector in Armenia has yet to adopt global best practices in this sector, and this paper aims to provide guidance on some of the mechanisms that can be adopted to improve the governance and overall impact of mining in the country. The document is structured as follows: chapter one presents an introduction to this thematic paper. Chapter two provides an overview of the mining sector in Armenia, including its underpinning institutional and regulatory framework. It also singles out policy gaps and regulatory inconsistencies that need to be addressed. Chapter three presents some useful lessons of the application of SESA as a tool for sustainable planning of mining development in the country. This chapter also compares uses of an SESA versus Environmental Impact Assessments and defines the need and use of CIAs. Chapter four describes the principles of valuation of natural capital as a means to complement traditional cost-benefit analysis and comparisons of development alternatives in the decision-making process. Chapter five looks at the design and implementation of benefit-sharing mechanisms to ensure that the mining activities lead to positive social impacts across the country. Chapter six looks at the process of determining and dealing with the social costs of mining in Armenia. Chapter seven provides a series of conclusions and recommendations as well as implementation challenges that would summarize the application of such recommendations in present-day Armenia and its mining sector 40 17-11-21 00:18:46.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871613 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18958 Volltext, Open Access

1759727040

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727040 OCoLC 1255600279 WBOKR 18957 EBP 064562697 KEP 064562697 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18957 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Enhancing Environmental and Social Sustainability of Mining in Armenia World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Armenia Europe and Central Asia s ABANDONED MINES s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACID LEAKAGE s ACID MINE DRAINAGE s ACID ROCK DRAINAGE s ACTION PLAN s AIR QUALITY s ANIMALS s ARD s ARTISANAL MINING s ARTISANAL MINING ACTIVITIES s ASH s AUDITS s AVAILABILITY OF DATA s BENEFICIATION s BEST PRACTICE s BEST PRACTICES s BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CLOSURE COSTS s CLOSURE PLAN s CLOSURE PLANNING s CLOSURE PLANS s COAL s COMMERCIAL MINING s COMMODITIES s COMMON DENOMINATOR s COPPER s COPYRIGHT s COST SAVINGS s CYANIDE s DECISION MAKING s DEMOGRAPHICS s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DIATOMITE s DRILLING s E-MAIL s ECOLOGICAL PRESERVATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EITI s EMISSIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL REHABILITATION s ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION s ENVIRONMENTAL RISK s EXCLUSIVE RIGHT s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES s EXPLORATION LICENSE s EXPLORATION LICENSES s EXTRACTION OF MINERALS s EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES s EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVE s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCING MINE CLOSURE s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN MINING s GAS s GEOLOGICAL SURVEY s GEOLOGY s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOLD s GOLD MINE s GOLD WASHING s GYPSUM s HEALTH AND SAFETY s IMPACT ASSESSMENTS s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s INDIGENOUS PEOPLES s INDUSTRIAL WASTE s INFORMATION SHARING s INNOVATION s INSPECTIONS s INSTITUTION s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES s INTERNATIONAL LAW s INTERNATIONAL MINING s INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT s IRON s LAND ACQUISITION s LAND USE s LANDFILLS s LEACHING s LIMESTONE s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MATERIAL s METALS s MINE CLOSURE s MINE CLOSURE PLAN s MINE CLOSURE PLANNING s MINE DEVELOPMENT s MINE OPERATIONS s MINE OPERATORS s MINE SITE s MINE TAILINGS s MINERAL DEPOSITS s MINERAL DEVELOPMENT s MINERAL EXPLORATION s MINERAL PRODUCTION s MINERAL PRODUCTS s MINERAL RESOURCE s MINERAL RESOURCES s MINERALS s MINES s MINING ACTIVITIES s MINING ACTIVITY s MINING AND MINERALS s MINING AREA s MINING AREAS s MINING AUTHORITIES s MINING AUTHORITY s MINING COMPANIES s MINING COMPANY s MINING DEVELOPMENT s MINING FACILITIES s MINING INDUSTRY s MINING LAW s MINING LEASES s MINING LICENSE s MINING LICENSES s MINING OPERATION s MINING OPERATIONS s MINING OPERATOR s MINING PERMIT s MINING PERMITS s MINING PLANNING s MINING POLICIES s MINING PRACTICE s MINING PRODUCTION s MINING PROJECT s MINING PROJECTS s MINING REGULATIONS s MINING RIGHTS s MINING SECTOR s MOLYBDENUM s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF MINING s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s NONFERROUS METALS s OIL s OLD MINES s ORES s PAYMENT OF TAXES s PERLITE s PHYSICAL MINE CLOSURE s POLICY MAKERS s POST-CLOSURE s POST-CLOSURE MONITORING s PRECIOUS METALS s PRECIOUS STONES s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTORS s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTION OF GOLD s PROSPECTING s PUBLIC HEARINGS s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s QUERIES s R&D s RCRA s RECLAMATION s REGISTRY s RESIDUES s RESOURCE CONSERVATION s RESULT s RETENTION s REVENUE SHARING s REVENUES FROM OIL s RISK MANAGEMENT s RIVERS s ROYALTY PAYMENTS s SAFETY AND HEALTH s SILVER s SMALL-SCALE s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT s SOCIAL ISSUES s SOCIAL MITIGATION s STABILIZATION s STORAGE FACILITY s SUPERVISION s SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES s SUSTAINABILITY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s TAILINGS DAM s TAILINGS FACILITIES s TAILINGS MANAGEMENT s TAX RATES s TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES s TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT s TECHNOLOGY PLATFORM s TELEPHONE s THORIUM s TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY s URANIUM s WASTE s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WASTE ROCK s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES s WATER POLLUTION s WATER QUALITY s ZINC English en_US This paper aims to inform Armenia's policy dialogue on environmental and social issues in the mining sector. The paper is based on the premise that for the mining sector to have positive, long-term impacts in Armenia, it is necessary to take into consideration the short- and long-term environmental and social impacts of the sector and to promote strategic planning and efficient management of natural resources. The mining sector in Armenia has yet to adopt global best practices in this sector, and this paper aims to provide guidance on some of the mechanisms that can be adopted to improve the governance and overall impact of mining in the country. The document is structured as follows: chapter one presents an introduction to this thematic paper. Chapter two provides an overview of the mining sector in Armenia, including its underpinning institutional and regulatory framework. It also singles out policy gaps and regulatory inconsistencies that need to be addressed. Chapter three presents some useful lessons of the application of Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment (SESA) as a tool for sustainable planning of mining development in the country. This chapter also compares uses of an SESA versus Environmental Impact Assessments and defines the need and use of Cumulative Impact Assessment (CIA). Chapter four describes the principles of valuation of natural capital as a means to complement traditional cost-benefit analysis and comparisons of development alternatives in the decision-making process. Chapter five looks at the design and implementation of benefit-sharing mechanisms to ensure that the mining activities lead to positive social impacts across the country. Chapter six looks at the process of determining and dealing with the social costs of mining in Armenia. Chapter seven provides a series of conclusions and recommendations as well as implementation challenges that will summarize the application of such recommendations in present-day Armenia and its mining sector 40 17-11-21 00:18:46.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871621 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18957 Volltext, Open Access

1759727059

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727059 OCoLC 1255600266 WBOKR 19064 EBP 064562689 KEP 064562689 2002 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19064 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Tunisia Information and Communications Technology Contribution to Growth and Employment Generation, Volume 2. Technical Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2002 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Tunisia s ADMINISTRATIVE COST s ADOPTION OF E-BUSINESS s ANIMATION s APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT s APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDERS s AUCTIONS s AUTHENTICATION s AUTOMATION s B2B s B2C s B2C E-COMMERCE s BACK OFFICE s BACK-OFFICE s BACKBONE s BANDWIDTH s BEST PRACTICES s BROADBAND s BROADBAND NETWORKS s BROADCAST s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS MODELS s BUSINESS OPERATIONS s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY s BUSINESS REQUIREMENTS s BUSINESS SERVICES s BUSINESS SOFTWARE s BUSINESSES s CALL CENTER s CALL CENTERS s CALL CENTRE s CAPABILITIES s CERTIFICATION AUTHORITY s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPUTER HARDWARE s COMPUTERS s CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT s CONNECTIVITY s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONTENT MANAGEMENT s CONTENT MANAGEMENT TOOLS s CUSTOM s CUSTOMER BASE s CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP s CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT s CUSTOMER SERVICES s CUSTOMIZATION s DATA CENTERS s DATA COMMUNICATIONS s DATA ENTRY s DATA NETWORKS s DATA TRANSMISSION s DEVELOPMENT OF E-COMMERCE s DIGITAL BROADCASTING s DIGITAL CONTENT s DIGITAL DIVIDE s E- COMMERCE s E- COMMERCE LAW s E-BUSINESS MODELS s E-COMMERCE APPLICATIONS s E-COMMERCE TRANSACTIONS s E-GOVERNMENT s E-LEARNING s E-READINESS s E-TRANSFORMATION s ECOMMERCE s ECOMMERCE LAW s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELECTRONIC COMMERCE s ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE s ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS s EMPLOYMENT CREATION s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENTERPRISE APPLICATION s ENTERPRISE APPLICATION INTEGRATION s ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING s EPROCUREMENT s EQUIPMENT s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT PROMOTION s FAXES s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FIREWALLS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s GLOBAL COMMUNICATIONS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL MARKET s GLOBAL MARKETS s GRAPHICS s GROWTH POTENTIAL s HARD DISK s HARDWARE s HARMONIZATION s HELP DESK s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s ICT s INFORMATION ECONOMY s INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE s INFORMATION NETWORKS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES s INNOVATIONS s INSTITUTION s INTERNAL PROCESSES s INTERNATIONAL CLIENTS s INTERNATIONAL COMPANIES s INTERNATIONAL LAWS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS s INTERNET TELEPHONY s INVESTMENTS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s ISP s ISPS s IT INFRASTRUCTURE s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT s LAN s LEGAL ENVIRONMENT s LICENSES s LIMITED ACCESS s LOCAL AREA NETWORKS s LOCALIZATION s MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE s MANUFACTURING s MARKET APPLICATIONS s MARKET PLACE s MARKET PRICES s MARKET RESEARCH s MARKET SEGMENT s MARKET SEGMENTS s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SHARES s MARKETING s MATERIAL s MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS s MOBILE NETWORK s MOBILE SERVICES s MOBILE TELEPHONY s MULTIMEDIA s NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE s NEW TECHNOLOGY s NICHE MARKETS s OFFICE OPERATIONS s OPERATING SYSTEMS s OUTSOURCING s PC s PCS s PHONE s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POSTAL SERVICES s PRIVACY s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC NETWORKS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESULT s RESULTS s RETENTION s ROUTERS s SATELLITE s SEARCH s SERVER s SERVERS s SILICON s SITES s SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS s SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT s SOFTWARE DISTRIBUTION s SOFTWARE PIRACY s SOFTWARE PRODUCTS s SOFTWARE SERVICE s SOFTWARE SERVICES s SUPERVISION s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT s TARGETS s TAX INCENTIVES s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES s TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT s TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS s TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION s TECHNOLOGY PARK s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS s TELECOM s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY s TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS s TELEPHONY s TELEVISION s TIME FRAME s TRADITIONAL BUSINESS s TRAINING COURSES s TRANSACTION s TRANSISTORS s TRANSLATION s TRANSMISSION s TURNOVER RATES s USERS s VIDEO s VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORKS s WEB CONTENT s WEB DEVELOPERS s WEB DEVELOPMENT s WEB PAGES s WEB SERVICES s WEB SITE s WIDE AREA NETWORKS s WIRELESS ACCESS s WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES s WORKSTATIONS s WORLD WIDE WEB English en_US This policy note is the first of two volumes, drafted in conjunction with a more detailed technical report. It was prepared in response to a request by the Government of Tunisia for Bank assistance to formulate an ICT development strategy, in accordance with the targets set in the Government of Tunisia's 10th development plan. The policy note highlights current constraints to ICT sector development and proposes measures to eliminate them. It should be read in conjunction with the broader strategy report (volume two: technical report), which contains complementary data and technical information. The Government objectives were conveyed to the World Bank team in May 2001. The strategy is aimed at bolstering the country's emerging ICT sector and maximizing its ability to compete in local, regional, and global markets. In this context, the major objectives of the ICT strategy are to: (a) maximize the ICT contribution to growth and employment generation; (b) position Tunisia in the global ICT market; and (c) integrate ICT into the Tunisian economy. Indirect issues of the ICT impact on productivity and competitiveness are marginally treated in this note. The report compares the state of ICT development in Tunisia that of other economies, taking into account Tunisia's relative strengths and weaknesses in developing a competitive and robust ICT industry. The report outlines the pillars of a strategy and specifies measures to be implemented by the Government, the private sector, and other stakeholders 40 17-11-21 00:18:46.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987163X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19064 Volltext, Open Access

1759727067

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727067 OCoLC 1255600239 WBOKR 19063 EBP 064562670 KEP 064562670 2002 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19063 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Tunisia Information and Communications Technology Contribution to Growth and Employment Generation, Volume 1. Policy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2002 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Tunisia s ACTION PLAN s ADVERTISING s ANIMATION s APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER s AUTOMATION s B2B s B2C s B2C E-COMMERCE s BACK-OFFICE s BACKBONE s BANDWIDTH s BANDWIDTH CAPACITY s BEST PRACTICE s BEST-PRACTICE s BROADBAND s BROADCAST s BUSINESS ACTIVITIES s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES s BUSINESS PLAN s BUSINESS PLANS s BUSINESS PROCESS s BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS s BUSINESS SERVICES s BUSINESS-TO-BUSINESS s BUSINESS-TO-BUSINESS E-COMMERCE s BUSINESSES s CALL CENTER s CALL CENTERS s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CD-ROMS s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES s COMPETITIVE BIDS s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPUTER HARDWARE s COMPUTER LANGUAGES s COMPUTER SCIENCE s COMPUTER SCIENCES s CONNECTIVITY s CONTENT PROVIDER s CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP s CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT s CUSTOMER SERVICE s CUSTOMER SERVICES s CUSTOMIZATION s DATA COMMUNICATIONS s DATA NETWORK s DATA NETWORKS s DATA PROCESSING s DATA TRANSMISSION s DEVELOPMENT OF E-COMMERCE s DIGITAL CONTENT s DIGITAL ECONOMY s DIGITAL SIGNATURE s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DOMAIN s DOMAIN NAMES s E-BUSINESS s E-BUSINESS SOFTWARE s E-COMMERCE LEGISLATION s E-GOVERNMENT s E-GOVERNMENT PROJECTS s E-LEARNING s E-PAYMENT s ECOMMERCE s ECOMMERCE LEGAL FRAMEWORK s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELECTRONIC DELIVERY s ELECTRONIC PAYMENT s ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE s ELECTRONIC TRANSFERS s EMPLOYMENT CREATION s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT s ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING s EPROCUREMENT s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION s EXPORT MARKETS s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FUNCTIONALITY s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL MARKETPLACE s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GROWTH PATH s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH STRATEGY s HARDWARE s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s ICT s IMAGE s INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE s INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE s INFORMATION SERVICES s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INNOVATION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICE s INTERNATIONAL CLIENTS s INVENTIONS s INVENTORY s INVENTORY MANAGEMENT s ISP s LICENSE s LICENSES s LOCALIZATION s MANUFACTURING s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES s MARKET OPPORTUNITIES s MARKET POTENTIAL s MARKET SEGMENT s MARKET SEGMENTS s MARKET SHARES s MARKETING s MATERIAL s MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS s MOBILE NETWORK s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE SERVICES s MOBILE TELEPHONY s MULTIMEDIA s NETWORK SERVICES s ONLINE SERVICES s OPERATING SYSTEMS s OUTSOURCING s PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENTS s PAYMENT CARDS s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PC s PERSONAL COMPUTERS s PHYSICAL CONNECTIONS s POSTAL SERVICE s PRIVATE NETWORKS s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PROCUREMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s R&D s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESULT s RESULTS s SEARCH s SERVER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICES TO USERS s SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS s SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT s SOFTWARE PACKAGES s SOFTWARE PRODUCTS s SOFTWARE SERVICES s SOFTWARE SYSTEMS s SOFTWARES s SUPPLY CHAIN s SYSTEMS INTEGRATION s TARGETS s TAX INCENTIVES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL STANDARDS s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES s TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES s TECHNOLOGY INVESTMENTS s TECHNOLOGY PARK s TECHNOLOGY PARKS s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS s TELECOM s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES s TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK s TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS s TELEPHONY s TELEVISION s TIME FRAME s TIME ZONE s TRANSACTION s TRANSMISSION s USER s USERS s VALUE CHAIN s VIDEO s VSAT s WEB s WEB APPLICATIONS s WEB CONTENT s WEB DESIGN s WEB PORTAL s WEB SITE s WEB SITES s WIRELESS ACCESS s WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS s WIRELESS SERVICES s WORLD WIDE WEB English en_US This policy note is the first of two volumes, drafted in conjunction with a more detailed technical report. It was prepared in response to a request by the Government of Tunisia for Bank assistance to formulate an ICT development strategy, in accordance with the targets set in the Government of Tunisia's 10th development plan. The policy note highlights current constraints to ICT sector development and proposes measures to eliminate them. It should be read in conjunction with the broader strategy report (volume two: technical report), which contains complementary data and technical information. The Government objectives were conveyed to the World Bank team in May 2001. The strategy is aimed at bolstering the country's emerging ICT sector and maximizing its ability to compete in local, regional, and global markets. In this context, the major objectives of the ICT strategy are to: (a) maximize the ICT contribution to growth and employment generation; (b) position Tunisia in the global ICT market; and (c) integrate ICT into the Tunisian economy. Indirect issues of the ICT impact on productivity and competitiveness are marginally treated in this note. The report compares the state of ICT development in Tunisia that of other economies, taking into account Tunisia's relative strengths and weaknesses in developing a competitive and robust ICT industry. The report outlines the pillars of a strategy and specifies measures to be implemented by the Government, the private sector, and other stakeholders 40 17-11-21 00:18:46.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871648 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19063 Volltext, Open Access

1759727075

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:09.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727075 OCoLC 1255600053 WBOKR 19021 EBP 064562662 KEP 064562662 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19021 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO South East Europe Regular Economic Report No. 6 Brittle recovery World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Eastern Europe Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTING s ADVERSE IMPACT s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURE s ARREARS s ASSET QUALITY s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS s BANK OF GREECE s BANK PROFITABILITY s BANK RECAPITALIZATION s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKING SYSTEMS s BASIS POINTS s BILL s BROAD MONEY s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIOS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL FLOW s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CDS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER CONFIDENCE s CONSUMER PURCHASING s CONSUMERS s CREDIT DEFAULT s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATINGS s CREDITOR s CURRENCY s CURRENCY BOARD s CURRENCY BOARDS s CURRENCY MARKETS s CURRENCY MISMATCH s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s CURRENT ACCOUNT IMBALANCES s DEBT s DEBT CRISES s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT RATINGS s DEBTS s DEFLATION s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISINFLATION s DOMESTIC BOND s DOMESTIC BOND MARKETS s DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC DEMAND GROWTH s DOMESTIC INFLATION s DOWNWARD PRESSURE s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC EXPANSION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC POLICIES s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EQUIPMENT s EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL ASSETS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEMAND s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FISCAL BALANCES s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATES s FOOD PRICE s FOREIGN BANK s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FREE TRADE s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL INTEGRATION s GOLD s GOLD PRICES s GOVERNANCE STANDARDS s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES s HOST COUNTRIES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSING s HOUSING PRICES s HUMAN CAPITAL s ILLIQUIDITY s IMPLICIT GUARANTEES s IMPORT s IMPORTS s INCOME s INCOME DIFFERENTIAL s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INFLATION ENVIRONMENT s INFLATION RATES s INFLATIONS s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s LABOR COSTS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LEGAL SYSTEMS s LENDERS s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RATIO s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOCAL BUSINESS s LOCAL CURRENCY s M2 s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MARKET CONDITIONS s MATURITY s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MONETARY CONDITIONS s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY SUPPLY s NATIONAL BANKS s NOMINAL INCOME s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OUTPUT GAPS s PEG s PENSION s PENSIONS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE INFLATION s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROFITABILITY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s PUBLIC SPENDING s PURCHASING POWER s RATES OF RETURN s REAL GDP s RECESSION s REGIONAL BANKS s REGIONAL INFLATION s REGULATORY FORBEARANCE s REMITTANCES s RESERVE s RESERVE ASSETS s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s REVENUE SOURCES s RISK AVERSION s RULE OF LAW s SOVEREIGN DEBT s SPARE CAPACITY s STOCK MARKETS s STOCKS s STRUCTURAL RIGIDITIES s SUBSIDIARIES s SUBSIDIARY s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s SWAPS s TAX s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX HIKE s TAX INCREASE s TAX POLICY s TAX RATES s TAX REVENUES s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE BARRIERS s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE DEFICITS s TRADE FLOWS s TRANSPORT s TREASURY s TREASURY YIELDS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s WAGES s WEALTH English en_US This report covers economic developments, prospects, and policies in six South Eastern European countries (SEE6): Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, FYR Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia. South East Europe (SEE6)'s economy recovered from the 2012 recession, growing by 2.2 percent on average in 2013. Each of the SEE6 countries marked positive growth rates in 2013, with growth at or exceeding 3 percent in Kosovo, FYR Macedonia and Montenegro. External demand for SEE6 exports, especially by the European Union (EU), was the key driver of the recovery. On the production side, SEE6 drivers of growth were mixed, but in all countries a good agricultural year supported economic activity. An export-led recovery combined with depressed domestic demand resulted in a significant narrowing of current account imbalances in all SEE6 countries. Foreign direct investment (FDI) and portfolio investment financed most of the current account deficits in SEE6. Overall, SEE6 countries are having limited success in translating the economic recovery into job creation. SEE6 countries reduced their fiscal deficits to 3.8 percent of GDP in 2013 from 4.3 percent of GDP in 2012. The pace of fiscal adjustment and still nascent economic growth were insufficient to reverse public debt dynamics in SEE6. In a low-inflation environment, SEE6 central banks moderately loosened monetary policy. The financial sector remained broadly stable, albeit fragile, in the course of 2013. The SEE region is projected to grow at 1.9 percent in 2014 and 2.6 percent in 2015 on the back of external demand. The positive growth since mid-2013 and the still accommodative monetary conditions of the Euro Area are likely to continue help SEE6 exports to grow, despite notable risks related to the outlook for the Euro Area (related to the slow reform implementation and prolonged period of low inflation or risk of deflation) 40 17-11-21 00:18:46.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871656 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19021 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727083 OCoLC 1255600163 WBOKR 18960 EBP 064562654 KEP 064562654 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18960 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Vietnam Fiscal Transparency Review Analysis and Stakeholder Feedback on State Budget Information in the Public Domain World Bank VerfasserIn aut Hanoi 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ABSENTEEISM s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARD s ACCOUNTING SYSTEM s AGGREGATE FISCAL s AGGREGATE REVENUE s AGGREGATE SPENDING s ALLOCATION s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s ANNUAL BUDGET s APPROPRIATION s AUDITOR GENERAL s BASELINE DATA s BUDGET ACTIVITIES s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET BALANCE s BUDGET CLASSIFICATION s BUDGET COVERAGE s BUDGET CREDIBILITY s BUDGET CYCLE s BUDGET DECISIONS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET DEPARTMENT s BUDGET DOCUMENTS s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET EXPENDITURE s BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION s BUDGET INFORMATION s BUDGET LAW s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET OPERATIONS s BUDGET OUTTURN s BUDGET OVERSIGHT s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET POLICIES s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET PROJECTIONS s BUDGET PROPOSAL s BUDGET PROPOSALS s BUDGET REPORTING s BUDGET REVIEW s BUDGET STATEMENT s BUDGET SUPPORT s BUDGET YEAR s BUDGETARY ALLOCATIONS s BUDGETARY FUNDS s BUDGETARY IMPACT s BUDGETARY IMPACTS s BUDGETING PROCESS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL ALLOCATIONS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CAPITAL SPENDING s CASH ACCOUNTING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT SPENDING s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s CREATIVE ACCOUNTING s DATA COLLECTION s DATA QUALITY s DEBT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DECENTRALIZATION s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC REVENUE s ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ESTIMATES OF REVENUE s EXPENDITURE ALLOCATIONS s EXPENDITURE BUDGET s EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s EXTERNAL ACCOUNTABILITY s EXTERNAL ASSESSMENT s EXTERNAL AUDIT s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCE s FINANCE MINISTRY s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL ACTIVITIES s FISCAL AFFAIRS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL IMPLICATIONS s FISCAL INFORMATION s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL OPERATIONS s FISCAL PERFORMANCE s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL TRANSPARENCY s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT FINANCE STATISTICS s GOVERNMENT FINANCES s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT LIABILITIES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT PRIORITIES s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GROSS SPENDING s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH INSURANCE FUND s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH WORKERS s INDEPENDENT AUDITORS s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIQUIDITY s MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MEDIUM-TERM FISCAL FRAMEWORK s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY FUND s MONITOR PERFORMANCE s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL POLICIES s OPEN SYSTEMS s OVERSIGHT MECHANISMS s PERFORMANCE INDEX s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME TAX s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROGRAMS s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC DISCLOSURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING s PUBLIC SECTOR SPECIALIST s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s REFORM PROGRAM s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s REVENUE POLICIES s REVENUE SOURCES s SELF-ASSESSMENT s SERVICE DELIVERY s SIZE OF GOVERNMENT s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SECURITY FUNDS s STATE BUDGET s STATE ENTERPRISES s STATE TREASURY s STRATEGIC ALLOCATION s STRATEGIC ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s SUB-NATIONAL AUTHORITIES s SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTION s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s TAX EXPENDITURE s TAX EXPENDITURES s TAX PAYMENTS s TOTAL SPENDING s TRANSPARENCY CODE s TRANSPARENCY PRACTICES s TRANSPARENT BUDGETS s UNCERTAINTY English en_US Vietnam has come far in improving fiscal transparency. Building on these gains could help strengthen macroeconomic management, improve market perceptions of risk, and increase accountability for service delivery. Fiscal transparency is an important element of the Government's policy dialogue with development partners, particularly in the context of ongoing budgetary support. External reviews of PFM and fiscal transparency in Vietnam have noted important progress though highlighted considerable scope for improvement. This report aims to complement ongoing PFM reviews, including the Government's Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) assessment, to help identify relatively low cost measures to strengthen fiscal transparency. It draws on existing diagnostic approaches to carry out a technical review on the public availability of fiscal information (section B), and the coverage, comprehensiveness and presentation of fiscal reports (sections C and D) 40 17-11-21 00:18:47.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871664 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18960 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727091 OCoLC 1255600286 WBOKR 19033 EBP 064562646 KEP 064562646 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19033 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Poland - Improving the Financial Sustainability of the Hospital Sector Towards a Systemic Approach World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Poland s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCUMULATION OF DEBT s ADDICTION s ADDICTION THERAPY s AGED s AGING s ANESTHESIA s ARREARS s BANKRUPTCY s BIDS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CERTIFICATION s CITIES s CITIZENS s CLINICS s COMMERCIAL CODE s COMMERCIAL LAW s COMMERCIAL TERMS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTRACTUAL RELATIONSHIP s CREDIBILITY s CREDITORS s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT CRISIS s DEBT FORGIVENESS s DEBT ISSUE s DEBT ISSUES s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT RATIO s DEBT RELIEF s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT STOCK s DEBTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICITS s DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DESCRIPTION s DEVELOPMENTAL OPPORTUNITIES s DIABETES s DISEASES s DISSEMINATION s DISTRICTS s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES s EMPLOYMENT s EXPENDITURE s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATE s FINANCES s FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FUTURE POPULATION s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GYNECOLOGY s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS s HEALTH CARE SYSTEM s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH PROBLEMS s HEALTH REFORMS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICE s HEALTH SERVICE PROVIDERS s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SPECIALIST s HEALTH SYSTEM s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HEALTH-CARE SYSTEM s HOSPITAL ADMISSION s HOSPITAL BEDS s HOSPITAL BUILDINGS s HOSPITAL CARE s HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT s HOSPITAL SERVICES s HOSPITALS s HUMAN RESOURCES s IMPROVEMENTS IN MANAGEMENT s INCOME s INFLATION s INITIAL DEBT s INPATIENT CARE s INTEREST GROUPS s INTERMEDIARIES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CRISIS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERVENTIONS s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s ISOLATION s LACK OF INFORMATION s LAWS s LEASING s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL STATUS s LEVEL OF DEBT s LEVEL OF DEBTS s LIABILITY s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDATIONS s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS s LOAN s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL POPULATION s MARKET SHARES s MEDIA ATTENTION s MEDIA COVERAGE s MEDICAL CARE s MEDICAL EQUIPMENT s MEDICAL SERVICES s MEDICAL SPECIALTIES s MIDWIFE s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MODERNIZATION s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL STRATEGY s NEEDS ASSESSMENT s NUMBER OF BIRTHS s NURSE s NURSES s NURSING s NURSING CARE s OBSTETRIC SERVICES s OCCUPANCY s OLD-AGE s OUTPATIENT CARE s PATIENT s PATIENTS s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PEDIATRICS s PHYSICIANS s POLICY DIALOGUE s POLITICAL SUPPORT s POPULATION TRENDS s PRIMARY CARE s PROGRESS s PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL s PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITALS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH CARE s PUBLIC HOSPITALS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY OF CARE s QUALITY OF SERVICES s QUALITY SERVICES s REGIONAL HOSPITAL s REGIONAL NETWORKS s REGIONAL POPULATION s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REHABILITATION s REPAYMENT s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RETURN s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SOCIAL SECTOR s SOCIAL SERVICES s SURGERY s TAX s TOTAL DEBT s TOTAL DEBTS s TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TRAUMA s UNIONS s WAR s WELLNESS pha English en_US Over the past twenty years, the Polish health system has undergone several deep systemic changes. Poland spends more of its healthcare budget on inpatient hospital care than comparable countries, signaling an area of inefficiency that requires reform ahead of demographic trends. Ownership of public hospital facilities is fragmented between different levels of government, leading to multiple stakeholders and a lack of accountability. Poland has made significant progress in rationalizing its hospital system and reducing the number of beds, but the reform agenda remains unfinished as evidenced by the continuing debt issue. This note outlines a path to improving the financial sustainability of the hospital sector in Poland. The anatomy of the debt problem is examined and major obstacles to financial health are systematically reviewed. The root causes of barriers are analyzed from a managerial as well as a health system perspective, including the role of regulatory and financing constraints. In making the case for change, the report also discusses how secular trends, for instance in population health and service delivery, need to be taken into account as plans to reshape the hospital system are being formulated. Preliminary recommendations are made distinguishing: (i) system-level changes which will require national-level policy interventions, and (ii) options for Voivodships and facility managers to work better within the existing system and enhance the chances of selecting no regret move investments 40 17-11-21 00:18:47.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871672 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19033 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727105 OCoLC 1255600147 WBOKR 18731 EBP 064562638 KEP 064562638 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18731 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Uganda Economic Update, June 2014 Reducing Old Age and Economic Vulnerabilities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Uganda economic update no. 4 Africa Uganda s ACCOUNTING s ADVERSE EFFECTS s ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS s ARREARS s AUDITS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK RATE s BORROWER s BORROWING REQUIREMENTS s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK CREDIT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL BORROWING s COMMERCIAL LENDING s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CORPORATE TAXES s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT RATINGS s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEBT s DEBT LEVEL s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT SOURCE s DEBT STOCK s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT RATES s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISBURSEMENTS s DIVIDEND s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKET s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC ECONOMY s DOMESTIC INTEREST RATES s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC SECURITY s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC REFORMS s EMPLOYMENT s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT MARKET s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DEEPENING s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SAVINGS s FISCAL BURDEN s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED INVESTMENT s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS s FOREIGN INTEREST s FOREIGN MARKETS s FRAUD s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT SAVINGS s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s INCOME s INCOMES s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION RATES s INFLATION TARGETING s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ALLOCATIONS s INVESTMENT CAPABILITIES s INVESTMENT GUIDELINES s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT SPENDING s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCE OF GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s LEVEL OF COMMITMENT s LIBERALIZATION s LIQUIDITY s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL ECONOMY s LOCAL SECURITY s LONG-TERM FINANCE s MACRO-STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC LEVELS s MARKET INTEREST s MARKET INTEREST RATES s MARKET PRICES s MDAS s MISMANAGEMENT s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NOW ACCOUNTS s OIL RESERVES s OIL RESOURCES s OPEN MARKET s OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS s OUTPUT s OUTSTANDING CREDIT s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PENSION s PENSION ASSETS s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION LIABILITIES s PENSION REFORM s PENSION REFORMS s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONS s POLICY RESPONSE s POLITICAL ECONOMY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE PENSIONS s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRODUCTIVE INVESTMENTS s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT STOCK s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC PENSIONS s PUBLIC POLICIES s PUBLIC SECTOR BORROWING s PUBLIC SPENDING s RATE OF GROWTH s RATING AGENCIES s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s REGULATOR s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCES s REPLACEMENT RATE s RETIREMENT s RETURN s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s SAFETY NET s SCANDAL s SCANDALS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NET s SOVEREIGN DEBT s STABLE LOCAL CURRENCY s SUBSIDIARY s SUPPLY SHOCKS s TAX s TAX CODES s TAX COMPLIANCE s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TIMELY PAYMENT s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TREASURY s VALUE ADDED TAXES s WATER SUPPLY s WITHDRAWAL s WORLD ECONOMIES English en_US This is the fourth edition of the Uganda Economic Update series. As with previous editions, this update first provides information related to the current state of the economy before focusing on a particular subject of importance. The special focus of this issue concerns how pensions can reduce vulnerabilities at both individual and macroeconomic levels. The Ugandan economy has continued the process of recovery, growing by 5.9 percent during the first half of FY2013 and FY2014 amidst droughts, disruptions related to civil unrest in South Sudan, and aid cuts. Eight consecutive quarters of positive growth since the slump in FY2011 and FY2012 confirm that the economy has returned on the strong growth path and may reach a rate of growth of 6.0 percent per annum in FY2013 and FY2014. The positive outlook is subject to risks, key among which will be those emanating from its fiscal management regime due to continuous low revenue collection and reduction of aid to Uganda; increased spending pressures in the advent of the 2016 elections, and accelerating public investments amidst gaps in public investment efficiency. In addition, given its recently increased dependency on the South Sudan market for its exports, the protracted crisis in South Sudan could have severe consequences to the Ugandan economy. In that context, a coherent policy of social protection, including for the elderly, can promote social transformation and accelerate economic development. An effective social protection system is needed to protect vulnerable groups from negative shocks such as loss of employment, death of bread winner, or bad weather. Achieving the vision of a transformed Uganda means addressing vulnerabilities at both individual and at country levels. Uganda is already taking steps to start building an effective pension system, but challenges remain in ensuring transparent and proper governance of the pension funds; achieving efficiency objectives, building up the institutional capacity, and managing the fiscal pressures due to expenses to existing pensions and the new public pension scheme at the same time. Well designed and managed pension systems can contribute significantly to the country's ongoing transformation 40 17-11-21 00:18:47.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871680 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18731 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727113 OCoLC 1255600198 WBOKR 18738 EBP 06456262X KEP 06456262X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18738 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Running Water in India's Cities A Review of Five Recent Public Private Partnership Initiatives World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ADEQUATE WATER s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AUGMENTATION s BASE PRICE s BASE TARIFF s BOT s BUILD-OWN s BULK SUPPLY s BULK WATER s BULK WATER SUPPLY s CAPITAL COSTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CITY COUNCIL s CIVIL SOCIETY s COLLECTION EFFICIENCY s COLLECTION SYSTEMS s COMPANY s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s CONCESSION AGREEMENT s CONCESSION CONTRACT s CONCESSION PERIOD s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION STAGE s CONTINUITY OF SUPPLY s CONTRACT AWARD s CONTRACT DESIGN s CONTRACT DURATION s CONTRACT INTERPRETATION s CONTRACT MANAGEMENT s CONTRACT PERIOD s CONTRACT SUPERVISION s CORPORATION s COST RECOVERY s COST RECOVERY LEVELS s COVERING s CUBIC METER s CUSTOMER SERVICE s DECISION MAKING s DEMANDS FOR WATER s DESALINATION s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISTRIBUTION OF WATER s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DOMESTIC CONSUMERS s DRAINAGE s DRINKING WATER s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s EMPLOYMENT s ENGINEERING s EXPANSION s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FIXATION s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s GROUNDWATER SOURCES s HIGH LEVELS s HOUSEHOLDS s ILLEGAL CONNECTIONS s INDEPENDENT REGULATOR s INDUSTRIAL WATER s INDUSTRIAL WATER SUPPLY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s IRRIGATION s JOINT VENTURES s LARGE CITIES s LENDERS s LITERS PER CAPITA PER DAY s LITRES PER DAY s LOCALITIES s MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MEDIUM TOWNS s METERING s MUNICIPAL CONTROL s MUNICIPAL COUNCIL s NONREVENUE WATER s OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY s OUTSOURCING OF OPERATIONS s PERFORMANCE CONTRACT s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPE s PIPED WATER s PIPELINE s PIPELINES s POOR CONSUMERS s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POWER CONSUMPTION s POWER UTILITY s PRESSURE s PRIVATE FINANCE s PRIVATE FINANCING s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE OPERATOR s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT IN WATER s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PRIVATE WATER s PRIVATE WATER OPERATORS s PRIVATE WATER SUPPLY s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SECTOR OFFICIALS s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PUMPING s PUMPING MACHINERY s RAW WATER s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s RESERVOIRS s SAFE WATER s SANITATION s SERVICE CONNECTIONS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE IMPROVEMENT s SERVICE IMPROVEMENTS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE RESERVOIRS s SERVICE STANDARDS s SHAREHOLDERS s SLUMS s SUPPLY OF WATER s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICE DELIVERY s TARIFF ADJUSTMENTS s TARIFF REVISIONS s TARIFF SETTING s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOWN s TREATMENT PLANTS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER UTILITIES s UTILITIES s UTILITY OPERATIONS s UTILITY STAFF s VENDORS s VOLUME OF WATER s WASTEWATER s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER BEING s WATER CONNECTION s WATER CONNECTIONS s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s WATER LOSSES s WATER NETWORKS s WATER OPERATORS s WATER PROJECTS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SHORTAGE s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY CHAIN s WATER SUPPLY INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER SUPPLY PROJECTS s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER TARIFF s WATER TARIFFS s WATER TREATMENT s WATER TREATMENT PLANTS s WATER USER s WATER USER COMMITTEES s WATER UTILITIES s WELLS English en_US India is home to more than 370 million people in urban areas. No city in the country meets the government's targets for continuous pressurized safe water with full coverage and full cost recovery. Groundwater sources are also being depleted putting severe constraints on economic development. To make up for unreliable services, households have invested significantly in alternate arrangements over the past three decades. Reliable estimates of asset condition and performance in Indian cities are difficult to establish, given the poor culture of documentation, data collection, and reporting. Data drawn from several benchmarking initiatives indicate the following: service delivery parameters are well below established norms, with coverage through piped water supply ranging between 55 percent and 89 percent, and while per capita availability is fairly high, at 90-120 liters per day, no city offers continuous water supply. Daily supply averages four hours, with many cities alternating supply every other day. These challenges occur in a context of limited data or data management capability and largely unknown conditions of existing assets, which present difficulties in assessing the costs and timelines involved in improving service levels and operational efficiencies. Moreover, the investments required are likely to be significant, particularly since most cities have seen little systematic investment in asset management and expansion over the years. Simultaneously, it is recognized that investments alone will not be effective in the context of complex and fragmented institutions with little accountability; lack of capacity to run utilities efficiently and meet performance standards; weak commercial orientation; interference in utility operations by external entities; and the absence of a regulatory framework focused on customer service and financial sustainability 40 17-11-21 00:18:47.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871699 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18738 Volltext, Open Access

1759727121

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727121 OCoLC 1255600288 WBOKR 18737 EBP 064562611 KEP 064562611 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18737 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India Women, Work and Employment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESS TO LAND s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACQUISITION OF SKILLS s ADULT WOMEN s AGE CATEGORIES s AGE GROUP s AGGREGATE PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s ALTERNATIVE EMPLOYMENT s AVERAGE WAGE s BARRIERS TO WOMEN s BASIC VALUES s CASUAL WORKERS s CHILD CARE s CHILD-BEARING s CLERKS s COLLEGE GRADUATES s CREATING OPPORTUNITIES s CULTURAL PRACTICES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DISCRIMINATION s DRIVERS s EARNING s ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT s ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC STATUS s EDUCATION FOR GIRLS s EDUCATION OF GIRLS s EDUCATIONAL LEVEL s ELDERLY s EMPLOYMENT CREATION s EMPLOYMENT GENERATION s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE s EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE SCHEME s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT RATES s EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN s ENHANCING WOMEN s ENROLMENT OF GIRLS s ENROLMENT RATES s EQUAL WORK s EXPORT MARKETS s FAMILY WORK s FEMALE s FEMALE EDUCATION s FEMALE LABOR s FEMALE LABOR FORCE s FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s FEMALE WORK s FEMALE WORKERS s FEMALES s FEMINIZATION OF POVERTY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s GENDER s GENDER ASYMMETRIES s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER DIFFERENTIALS s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER GAP s GENDER GAPS s GENDER IDENTITIES s GENDER IMBALANCES s GENDER INEQUALITIES s GENDER INEQUALITY s GENDER ISSUES s GENDER PARITY s GENDER PERSPECTIVE s GENDER ROLES s GENDER STEREOTYPING s GENDER WAGE GAPS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH OF WOMEN s HEALTH OF WOMEN s HOME s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD LEVEL s HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s HUSBANDS s IMPORTANT POLICY s INDIVIDUAL ·HEALTH s INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION s INFORMAL SECTOR s INFORMAL SECTORS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERVENTIONS s JOB MARKET s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JOBLESS GROWTH s JOBS s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET SEGMENTATION s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR REGULATION s LABOR REGULATIONS s LABOR SUPPLY s LABORERS s LABOUR s LABOUR FORCE s LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATES s LAWS s LEGISLATORS s LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LITERACY s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s MALE COUNTERPARTS s MALE PARTICIPATION s MARITAL STATUS s MARKET WAGES s MARRIED MEN s MARRIED WOMEN s MINIMUM WAGE s MODERNIZATION s MUSLIM WOMEN s NATIONAL POLICY s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUMBER OF WOMEN s OCCUPATIONS s OLD MEN s OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN s PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN s PATTERNS OF CONSUMPTION s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POOR HEALTH s POOR WOMEN s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRODUCTION PROCESSES s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRESS s PROGRESS TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY s RELIGIOUS GROUPS s REMITTANCES s RETURNS TO EDUCATION s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL EMPLOYMENT s RURAL GIRLS s RURAL WOMEN s RURAL WORKERS s SALARIED WORKERS s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL EDUCATION s SELF EMPLOYED s SELF EMPLOYED WORKERS s SERVICE SECTOR s SERVICE SECTORS s SEX s SEXUAL HARASSMENT s SHARE OF WORK s SKILLED WOMEN s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL BARRIERS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL GROUP s SOCIAL GROUPS s SOCIAL MOBILIZATION s SOCIAL NORMS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL STATUS s SOCIETAL NORMS s SPOUSES s SUPPORT SERVICES s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TEMPORARY WORK s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRAINING INDIVIDUAL s TRAINING PROGRAMS s UNEDUCATED WOMEN s UNIONS s UNMARRIED MEN s UNMARRIED WOMEN s UNPAID FAMILY WORKERS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN EMPLOYMENT s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN WOMEN s VIOLENCE s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WAGE GAP s WAGE RATES s WATER SUPPLY s WDR s WILL s WOMAN s WOMEN IN AGRICULTURE s WOMEN WORKERS s WORK FORCE s WORKFORCE s WORKING CONDITIONS s WORKING WOMEN s WORKING-AGE POPULATION s WORKING-AGE POPULATIONS s YOUNG WOMEN s YOUTH English en_US Since economic liberalization in the early 1990s, India has experienced high economic growth and made considerable progress in gender equality in areas such as primary education. However, it fared poorly on gender-parity in labor force participation (LFP). During the period between 1993-94 and 2011-12, female labor force participation rate (LFPR) remained consistently low as compared to male participation. More alarming is the fact that female participation rate declined steadily during the same period, particularly in rural areas. The low level along with declining trend in rural female LFP poses a serious threat of 'missing gender' in the labor force. Although economic growth added jobs for both men and women in India till 2005, Indian women lost jobs in the next seven years, while men continued to gain, thereby widening the gender gap. The actual figures in 2012 suggest that approximately 35 to 40 million women are 'missing' from the labor force, had female LFP grown at the same rate as it had between 1999 and 2005.1 This represents a troubling trend considering the potential of these women to contribute to the country's productivity. To better understand the existing situation, this report investigates gender and female labor force dynamics by drawing mostly on data from five rounds of the National Sample Survey, India, between 1993-94 and 2011-12. Key findings from the study are grouped below in three sections. First section describes the dynamics of female LFP looking at its evolution in previous two decades. The next section presents the drivers of low level of female participation and its declining trend. The last section proposes possible areas of action 40 17-11-21 00:18:47.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871702 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18737 Volltext, Open Access

175972713X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972713X OCoLC 1255600148 WBOKR 18732 EBP 064562603 KEP 064562603 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18732 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Assessment of Household Energy Deprivation in Tajikistan Policy Options for Socially Responsible Reform in the Energy Sector World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCESS TO ENERGY s AIR CONDITIONING s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCE s ALTERNATIVE FUELS s APPROACH s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BATTERIES s BIOMASS s BOILERS s CHEAPER ENERGY s CHEMICAL PLANT s COAL s COAL BRIQUETTES s COAL MINES s COAL MINING s COAL POWDER s COAL PRICE s COAL PRICES s COAL RESERVES s COAL SUPPLY s COLD WATER s CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY s COOKING s DAYLIGHT s DELIVERY OF ENERGY s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DISTRICT HEATING s DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEM s DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS s DOMESTIC ELECTRICITY DEMAND s DOMESTIC SUPPLY s ELECTRIC APPLIANCES s ELECTRIC HEATER s ELECTRIC HEATERS s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY BILLS s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY COSTS s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY PRICE s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY TARIFF s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s ELECTRICITY USE s ELECTRICITY UTILITY s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY AUDITS s ENERGY BILLS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY COOPERATION s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY CRISIS s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY DIVERSIFICATION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES s ENERGY EXPENDITURE s ENERGY EXPENDITURES s ENERGY GENERATION s ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE s ENERGY NEEDS s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY PROBLEMS s ENERGY SECURITY s ENERGY SHORTAGES s ENERGY SOURCE s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY STRATEGY s ENERGY SUPPLY s ENERGY USE s ENERGY-SAVING MEASURES s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s FIRE s FLOODS s FRICTION s FUEL s FUEL SUPPLY s FUEL WOOD s FUELS s GAS s GAS IMPORTS s GAS PRICES s GASOLINE s GASOLINE PRICES s HAZARDS s HEAT s HEATING ENERGY s HEATING SYSTEMS s HOT WATER s HOT WATER SUPPLY s HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES s HOUSEHOLD ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s HYDRO-POWER s HYDROPOWER s INCOME s INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY s IRRIGATION s KEROSENE s KEROSENE LAMPS s KILOWATT HOUR s LIGHTING s LIVING STANDARDS s MAJOR ENERGY SOURCE s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS IMPORTS s OIL s PARTICULATE s PARTICULATE MATTER s PEAK POWER s PETROL s POWER s POWER PLANTS s POWER SECTOR s POWER SHORTAGES s POWER SYSTEM s PRICE OF COAL s PRICES OF COAL s PRIMARY FUEL s PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY s PROVEN RESERVES s PUMPS s RELIABILITY OF SUPPLY s RESERVOIRS s RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS s RESIDENTIAL CONSUMERS s RESIDENTIAL DEMAND s RESIDENTIAL ELECTRICITY s RESIDENTIAL ENERGY s RIVER BASINS s SAFETY s SMOKE s SOLID FUELS s SOURCE OF ENERGY s SUPPLY OF ELECTRICITY s TARIFF LEVELS s THERMAL POWER s THERMAL POWER PLANT s TOOLS s TOTAL CONSUMPTION s TYPES OF ENERGY s TYPES OF ENERGY SOURCES s URBAN CENTERS s UTILITIES s UTILITY BILLS s UTILITY COMPANY s VOLTAGE s WASTE s WIND pha English en_US Every year an estimated seventy percent of Tajikistan's population suffers from severe electricity shortages in winter. The energy sector was affected by dramatic changes over the last few decades - regional energy cooperation was disrupted after the break-up of the Soviet Union, gas imports were interrupted, and the state was unable to invest adequately in the maintenance of the national energy infrastructure. Tajikistan has been facing severe power shortages in winter months since the district heating system collapsed and households as a consequence started to use electricity for heating purposes. This report assesses energy deprivation in Tajikistan with an emphasis on the human dimension, paying special attention to rural areas. It takes a broad look at household energy security, affordability, and coping mechanisms, in order to inform short and medium-term policies to mitigate energy deprivation. Firstly, it analyzes energy use and spending patterns across diverse groups of consumers, low and middle-income, rural and urban, people who live in houses and those who live in apartments, as the type of energy used determines household vulnerability. Secondly, it examines impacts of energy expenses on the household budget, and strategies adopted to cope with energy payments. Thirdly, it collects consumer attitudes towards potential measures to improve energy security and affordability, such as social assistance and support to improve energy efficiency. It explores the conditions under which an electricity tariff increase would gain acceptance among consumers. Fourthly and lastly, the report simulates the quasi-fiscal impact and the targeting performance of a series of measures that could cushion the impact of rising energy expenditure 40 17-11-21 00:18:47.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871710 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18732 Volltext, Open Access

1759727148

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727148 OCoLC 1255600157 WBOKR 18736 EBP 06456259X KEP 06456259X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18736 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of India Accelerating Agricultural Productivity Growth World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACTUAL YIELDS s ADAPTIVE RESEARCH s ADVERSE IMPACT s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL DIVERSIFICATION s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS s AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES s AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION s AGRICULTURAL ISSUES s AGRICULTURAL MARKET s AGRICULTURAL MARKETING s AGRICULTURAL MARKETS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL POPULATION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ORGANIZATION s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY s AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL TRADE s AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES s AGRICULTURAL VALUE s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY s ANIMAL BREEDING s ANIMAL HEALTH s ANIMALS s APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY s ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION s ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK s AVERAGE YIELDS s BENCHMARK s CAPITAL FORMATION s CATTLE s CEREAL CROPS s CEREAL TRADE s CEREAL YIELDS s CEREALS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE s CONSUMERS s CONTRACT FARMING s COTTON s COTTON SECTOR s CROP s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP TYPE s CROP YIELDS s CROPS s CULTIVATION TECHNIQUES s DAIRY s DAIRY INDUSTRY s DAIRY SURPLUS s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION MAKING s DEREGULATION s DEVELOPMENT AGENCY s DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH s DIMINISHING RETURNS s DISEASES s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC MARKETS s ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s ECONOMIC INEFFICIENCY s ECONOMIC RESEARCH s ECONOMICS s EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS s EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ETHICS s EXPORT s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORTS s EXTENSION SERVICES s FAO s FARM s FARM DIVERSIFICATION s FARM EQUIPMENT s FARM INCOME s FARM INCOMES s FARM POPULATION s FARM SIZE s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMS s FEED s FOOD GRAINS s FOOD POLICY RESEARCH s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PROCESSING s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SECURITY s FRUITS s FUTURE RESEARCH s GATES s GDP s GINI COEFFICIENT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GRAIN s GREEN REVOLUTION s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROSS VALUE s GROWTH RATE s HARVEST s HORTICULTURAL CROPS s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s ICRISAT s IFPRI s IMPORTS s INDIAN COUNCIL FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s INEFFICIENCY s INPUT USE s INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE s IRRIGATION s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LAND PRODUCTIVITY s LAND USE s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK FARMING s LIVESTOCK FARMING SYSTEMS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s LIVESTOCK SECTOR s LIVESTOCK SUPPORT s LIVING STANDARDS s MAIZE s MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS s MEAT s MEAT INDUSTRY s MILK s MILK PRODUCTION s MILK YIELD s MUTTON s NATIONAL RESEARCH s NATURAL RESOURCE BASE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s NUTRITION s OILSEEDS s PESTS s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POLICY INSTRUMENTS s POLICY MAKERS s PORK s POTENTIAL YIELDS s POULTRY s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE INCREASES s PRIVATE GOODS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCE MARKETS s PRODUCER INCENTIVES s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION SYSTEM s PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC GOODS s QUALITY STANDARDS s RAW MATERIAL s REAL WAGES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RESOURCE USE s RICE s RICE RESEARCH s RICE YIELDS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL EMPLOYMENT s SEEDS s SILOS s SMALL RUMINANTS s SOILS s SOYBEANS s STRUCTURAL CHANGE s SUGARCANE s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s SUSTAINABLE WATER s TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE s TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS s TERMS OF TRADE s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s TRADE POLICY s UNITED NATIONS s URBANIZATION s VALUE ADDED s VALUE OF OUTPUT s VEGETABLES s VOLUME s WAGES s WATERSHED s WEALTH s WEATHER PATTERNS s WHEAT s WHEAT RESEARCH s WHEAT YIELDS s WHOLESALE PRICE INDEX s WHOLESALE PRICES pha English en_US In the past 50 years, Indian agriculture has undergone a major transformation, from dependence on food aid to becoming a consistent net food exporter. The gradual reforms in the agricultural sector (following the broader macro-reforms of the early 1990s) spurred some unprecedented innovations and changes in the food sector driven by private investment. These impressive achievements must now be viewed in light of the policy and investment imperatives that lie ahead. Agricultural growth has improved in recent years (averaging about 3.5 percent since 2004-05), but at a long-term trend rate of growth of 3 percent, agriculture has underperformed relative to its potential. The pockets of post-reform dynamism that have emerged evidently have not reached a sufficiently large scale to influence the sector's performance. For the vast population that still derives a living directly or indirectly from agriculture, achieving "faster, more inclusive, and sustainable growth', the objectives at the heart of the Twelfth five year plan, depends critically on simultaneous efforts to improve agriculture's performance and develop new sources of employment for the disproportionately large share of the labor force still on the farm. The scope of this study is broad in the sense that it marshals considerable empirical evidence and analyses to address those issues. Yet the scope is restricted in the sense that the study does not address all of the issues. A wealth of knowledge exists (and continuing analytical work proceeds) on other major strategic issues, water and irrigation management, food grain management, and public expenditures on agriculture, for example, and the findings of this study must be seen in that context. The lack of sufficient quality data, and often the lack of access to such data, also prevents some issues from being explored in greater depth. Finally, some important issues require more focused and dedicated analysis, such as food safety and quality standards, agricultural trade, and food price increases. This relationship between longer-term strategic issues and contemporary concerns, such as water resource management and food prices, are highlighted in this study through the prism of productivity, but they too require further analysis to fully address the underlying issues 40 17-11-21 00:18:47.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871729 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18736 Volltext, Open Access

1759727156

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727156 OCoLC 1255600116 WBOKR 18739 EBP 064562581 KEP 064562581 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18739 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Lao PDR Trade and Transport Facilitation Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Lao People's Democratic Republic s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCIDENTS s AGRICULTURE s B2C s BILATERAL TRADE s BONDED WAREHOUSES s BORDER CROSSING s BORDER CROSSINGS s BORDER MANAGEMENT s BORDER TRAFFIC s BOTTLENECKS s BOXES s BRIDGE s BUSINESS MODEL s BUSINESS TO CUSTOMER s BUSINESS-TO-CONSUMER s BUYER s BUYERS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL MARKETS s CARGO s CARGO INSURANCE s CARGO VOLUMES s CARGOES s CARRIAGE s CASH CYCLE s CERTIFICATE s CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN s CERTIFICATES s CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMON CARRIERS s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONNECTIVITY s CONSIGNMENT s CONTAINER RATES s CONTAINER SERVICES s CONTAINER TRAFFIC s CONTAINER TRANSPORT s CONTAINERIZED CARGO s CONTAINERS s COST OF TRANSPORT s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS BROKERS s CUSTOMS CLEARANCE s CUSTOMS PROCEDURES s DANGEROUS GOODS s DEADWEIGHT s DEBT s DELIVERY TIMES s DEMURRAGE s DERAILMENTS s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DIESEL s DISPATCH s DISTRIBUTION CENTERS s DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS s DRAINAGE s DRIVERS s DRIVING s DWT s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC RESEARCH s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRONIC DATA s ELECTRONIC DECLARATION s ELECTRONIC FILING s EQUIPMENT s EXCESS STOCK s EXPORTS s FARES s FEASIBILITY STUDIES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FLEETS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN TRADE s FORWARDING s FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT s FREE TRADE s FREIGHT s FREIGHT FORWARDERS s FREIGHT FORWARDING s FREIGHT SERVICES s FREIGHT TRAFFIC s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s FUEL s FUEL COSTS s FUEL PRICES s GDP s GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES s GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s GOVERNMENT RESTRICTIONS s GPS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HANDLING s HAULAGE s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY NETWORK s ICT s IMPORT LICENSES s INDUSTRY LOGISTICS s INFORMATION COMMUNICATIONS s INFORMATION COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE DAMAGE s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSPECTION s INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS s INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s INVENTORY MANAGEMENT s ITC s JOINT VENTURE s JOURNEY s LAND TRANSPORT s LIABILITY s LICENSE s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAD FACTORS s LOADING s LOCAL TRANSPORT s LOCOMOTIVE s LOGISTICS COSTS s LOGISTICS PROVIDER s LOGISTICS PROVIDERS s LOGISTICS SERVICE PROVIDERS s MANUFACTURING s MOTOR VEHICLE s MOTOR VEHICLES s MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT s MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT OPERATORS s NATIONAL ECONOMY s NATIONAL TRANSPORT s PACKAGING s PASSENGER SERVICE s PASSENGER TRANSPORT s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s POLICE s PORT INFRASTRUCTURE s PORTS s PRICE DIFFERENTIAL s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT s PROJECT CARGO s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY CONTROL s QUALITY OF SERVICES s RAIL s RAIL FREIGHT s RAIL MODE s RAIL NETWORK s RAIL SERVICE s RAIL SERVICES s RAIL SYSTEM s RAIL TRANSPORT s RAILWAY s RAILWAY LINE s RAILWAY LINES s RAILWAY NETWORK s RAILWAY SECTOR s REEFER CONTAINERS s RESULT s RESULTS s ROAD s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD TRAFFIC s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD TRANSPORT SERVICES s ROAD VEHICLES s ROADS s ROLLING STOCK s ROUTES s SAFETY s SEAPORTS s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SHIP OWNERS s SHIPMENTS s SHIPPERS s SHIPPING s SHIPPING COSTS s SIGNAGE s SPEEDS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT s SUPPLY CHAINS s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s THIRD PARTY LOGISTICS s TIRES s TRACEABILITY s TRADE COMPETITIVENESS s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE LOGISTICS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC FLOWS s TRAFFIC VOLUME s TRAFFIC VOLUMES s TRAINS s TRANSACTIONS COSTS s TRANSIT s TRANSIT FACILITIES s TRANSIT INFORMATION s TRANSIT OPERATIONS s TRANSIT TIMES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT FACILITATION s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT OPERATIONS s TRANSPORT OPERATORS s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT REQUIREMENTS s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSSHIPMENT s TRAVEL TIME s TRIP s TRIPS s TRIPS PER DAY s TRUCKS s VALUE ADDED s VALUE CHAINS s VEHICLES s VOLUME OF TRAFFIC s WAREHOUSING s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US In Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR), the value of trade has risen rapidly over the last decade with both imports and exports increasing by average annual rate of 24 percent. This report examines the trade logistics of Lao PDR. A trade and transport facilitation assessment was performed using a standardized toolkit and methodology developed by the World Bank to evaluate the quality of the logistics services. The assessment focused on the services used by these trades and the corridors used by these services. The assessment gave specific attention to two constraints on trade, the location of the country and the size of the trade. The study is organized in three interrelated parts: assessing the performance of the logistics sector; the international trade corridors linking Lao PDR to trade gateways in Thailand; and the supply chains used for distribution of exports. This report is presented in four sections. The first part examines the foreign trade of Lao PDR, the opportunities for growth and the logistics services in the movement of imports and exports between the country and its major gateways. The second section evaluates the performance of the corridors connecting the major origins and destinations in the country and the principal seaport used for international trade. The third section analyses the structure and performance characteristics of the supply chains used for selected trades and the implications for restructuring to support growth in the export trade. The final section presents a series of recommendations for improving the competitiveness of the exports through improvements in the structure of the supply chains, the logistics services used by these supply chains, and the corridors used by these supply chains 40 17-11-21 00:18:47.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871737 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18739 Volltext, Open Access

1759727164

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727164 OCoLC 1255600293 WBOKR 18734 EBP 064562573 KEP 064562573 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18734 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Cairo Traffic Congestion Study Executive Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s ACCIDENTS s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s AVERAGE SPEEDS s AVERAGE TRAVEL TIME s BOTTLENECKS s BRIDGE s BRIDGES s BUS s BUS FARES s BUSES s CAR s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS s CARS s CAUSES OF CONGESTION s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONGESTION s CONGESTION COST s CONGESTION COSTS s CONGESTION REDUCTION s COST EFFECTIVENESS s COST OF ACCIDENTS s COST OF CONGESTION s COSTS OF CONGESTION s COSTS OF TRANSPORT s DEMAND MANAGEMENT s DIESEL s EMISSIONS s FATALITIES s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FUEL s FUEL CONSUMPTION s FUEL SUBSIDIES s FUELS s GASOLINE s HIGH RIDERSHIP s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY WIDENING s HOUSING s HOUSING DEMAND s IMPACT OF CONGESTION s INJURIES s INTERSECTIONS s KILOMETERS PER HOUR s LARGE CITIES s LOCAL STREETS s MAJOR ROUTES s MASS TRANSIT s MASS TRANSIT INVESTMENTS s METRO NETWORK s METRO RIDERSHIP s MINI-BUS s MINIBUS s MINIBUSES s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s MINIVANS s MODAL SHIFT s MODAL SPLIT s MODE OF TRANSPORT s MOTORIZED TRANSPORT s PARKING STRUCTURES s PASSENGER s PASSENGER CARS s PEAK HOURS s PEAK PERIODS s PEDESTRIAN s PEDESTRIAN ACCESS s PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT PRICES s RAPID TRANSIT s RING ROAD s ROAD ACCIDENTS s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SAFETY s ROAD SPACE s ROAD SURFACE s ROADS s ROLLING STOCK s ROUTES s SAFETY s SAVINGS s SIDEWALKS s SPEED s SPEED BUMPS s STREET PARKING s STREET PARKING CHARGES s STREETS s SUBSIDIARY s SURFACE STREETS s TAXIS s TIRES s TOLLS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAFFIC DEMAND s TRAFFIC FLOW s TRAFFIC LAWS s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRAFFIC SIGNALS s TRAFFIC SITUATION s TRAFFIC SURVEYS s TRAFFIC VOLUMES s TRAM s TRAMS s TRANSIT s TRANSIT INVESTMENTS s TRANSIT OPERATIONS s TRANSIT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION AGENCY s TRAVEL TIMES s TRAVELER INFORMATION s TRAVELER INFORMATION SYSTEMS s TRAVELERS s TRIP s TRIPS s TRUST FUND s URBAN MOBILITY s URBAN MOBILITY REPORT s URBAN ROADS s VEHICLE s VEHICLE OPERATING s VEHICLE OPERATING COST s VEHICLE OPERATING COSTS s VEHICLES English en_US The Greater Cairo Metropolitan Area (GCMA), with more than 19 million inhabitants, is host to more than one-fifth of Egypt's population. The GCMA is also an important contributor to the Egyptian economy in terms of GDP and jobs. The population of the GCMA is expected to further increase to 24 million by 2027, and correspondingly its importance to the economy will also increase. Traffic congestion is a serious problem in the GCMA with large and adverse effects on both the quality of life and the economy. In addition to the time wasted standing still in traffic, time that could be put to more productive uses, congestion results in unnecessary fuel consumption, causes additional wear and tear on vehicles, increases harmful emissions lowering air quality, increases the costs of transport for business, and makes the GCMA an unattractive location for businesses and industry. These adverse effects have very real and large monetary and nonmonetary costs not only for the economy of the GCMA, but given its size, for the economy of Egypt as well. As the population of the GCMA continues to increase, traffic congestion is becoming worse and the need to address this congestion is becoming more urgent. This report documents the results of the study. The results of this study should be of interest to policy-makers and practitioners in the GCMA, the Egyptian Government, other cities facing similar problems, and international financial institutions 40 17-11-21 00:18:47.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871745 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18734 Volltext, Open Access

1759727172

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727172 OCoLC 1255600095 WBOKR 18733 EBP 064562565 KEP 064562565 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18733 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Growth Poles Program Political Economy of Social Capital World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Sierra Leone s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITIES s ADVANCE CREDIT s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s BANK BRANCH s BANK LENDING s BORROWING s BOTH SEXES s BUSINESS ASSOCIATION s BUSINESS CENTERS s BUSINESS CENTRE s BUSINESS CENTRES s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUSINESS PEOPLE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM s CASH CROPS s CITIZEN s CITIZENS s CIVIL WAR s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL FARMERS s COMMERCIAL LENDERS s COMMERCIAL LENDING s COMMERCIAL LOANS s COMMERCIAL SEX s COMMERCIAL SEX WORK s COMMUNITY BANKS s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COOPERATIVES s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT SCHEME s CREDIT SCHEMES s CREDIT WORTHINESS s DEBT s DEBTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DEPENDANTS s DEVELOPMENT PLANNING s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DEVOLUTION s DISADVANTAGED WOMEN s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DISSEMINATION s DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND s EDUCATIONAL LEVELS s ELDERLY s EMERGENCY RELIEF s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYERS s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s ENROLLMENT s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXPATRIATE s EXPATRIATES s EXPLOITATION s EXTENDED FAMILY s EXTREME POVERTY s FACILITATION s FAMILIES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FAMILY SUPPORT s FARM ENTERPRISE s FARMER s FARMERS s FEMALE MIGRANTS s FEMALE RESPONDENTS s FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS s FOOD SECURITY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FUTURE GROWTH s GROUP ACCOUNT s GUARANTOR s GUARANTORS s HOSPITAL s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HUMAN RIGHTS s HUSBAND s HUSBANDS s INCOME INEQUALITY s INDEBTEDNESS s INEQUALITY s INFORMAL CREDIT s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING s INSTITUTIONAL REFORM s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s JOB CREATION s LABOR FORCE s LABOR SUPPLY s LACK OF COLLATERAL s LAND BANK s LAND MARKETS s LAND RIGHTS s LAND TENURE s LAND USE s LAWS s LEASEHOLDS s LEGAL STATUS s LEGAL TITLE s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIMITED ACCESS s LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOAN s LOAN RECOVERY s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITY s LOCAL COUNCILS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL POPULATION s MARITAL STATUS s MICRO-CREDIT s MICRO-FINANCE s MICROFINANCE s MIGRANT s MIGRANT WORKER s MIGRANT WORKERS s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MIGRATION PROCESS s NATIONAL LAND POLICY s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s OPERATIONAL RISK s PAYMENT IN KIND s PEOPLES s PERMANENT JOBS s PERSONAL SAFETY s POLICY ANALYST s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POLITICAL POWER s POPULATION MOVEMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PROGRESS s PROSTITUTION s PROTéGé s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING s QUALITY OF LIFE s QUALITY OF SERVICES s RATES OF INTEREST s REMITTANCES s RESPECT s RETIREMENT s ROTATING CREDIT s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s SAVINGS s SAVINGS ACCOUNTS s SCARCE RESOURCES s SCHOOL STUDENTS s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SERVICE DELIVERY s SEXUAL HARASSMENT s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SMALL VILLAGES s SMALLHOLDER s SMALLHOLDER FARMERS s SMALLHOLDER FARMING s SMALLHOLDERS s SOCIAL ACTION s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES s SOCIAL IMPACT s SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES s SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY s SOCIAL TENSIONS s SOCIAL UNREST s START-UP s STATE UNIVERSITY s SUBSIDIARY s SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TERTIARY LEVEL s TOLERANCE s TRANSPORT s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNION s UNIONS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTRES s URBAN MIGRATION s VILLAGE s VILLAGES s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WAGES s WIDESPREAD POVERTY s WOMAN s WORKFORCE s YOUNG AGES s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG PEOPLE English en_US The Government of Sierra Leone (GosL) and the World Bank (WB) have agreed upon the design and implementation of a growth poles program (GPP) in support of the agenda for prosperity (A4P), the GoSL's third poverty reduction strategy paper (PRSPIII). With support from the European Union competitive industries and innovation practice trust fund, the WB has been undertaking a series of scoping and diagnostic analyses on the GPP since early 2013, and to date this work has constituted the main part of the first phase of the approach (the initial diagnostic stage). This diagnostic work was completed in August 2013 and the diagnostic report confirmed that the growth pole approach can feasibly support and facilitate economic development in two geographical areas of the country. This analytical report attempts to provide a window into the undercurrents and the nuances that affect and shape the characteristics of host communities into which investment takes place. The report also highlights the various input considerations that need to be acknowledged (land, labor, community relations), the governance framework into which the future growth poles approach will fit - central, local, and community and finally concludes with a series of recommendations around key policy, institutional, cross linkages, and contextual challenges that the growth poles approach must consider as it attempts to underpin the government's growth by foreign direct investment agenda 40 17-11-21 00:18:47.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871753 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18733 Volltext, Open Access

1759727180

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727180 OCoLC 1255600300 WBOKR 18735 EBP 064562557 KEP 064562557 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18735 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Cairo Traffic Congestion Study Final Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s ACCIDENT RATES s ACCIDENTS s AGGREGATES s AGGRESSIVE DRIVING s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s ARTERIAL STREET s AUTO USERS s AVERAGE SPEED s AVERAGE SPEEDS s AVERAGE TRAVEL SPEEDS s AVERAGE TRAVEL TIME s BICYCLES s BOTTLENECK s BOTTLENECKS s BRIDGE s BUS s BUSES s CAR s CAR USE s CAR USERS s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARS s CAUSES OF CONGESTION s CAUSES OF TRAFFIC CONGESTION s CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICTS s CITY STREETS s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONGESTION COST s CONGESTION COSTS s CONGESTION INDEX s CONGESTION MITIGATION s CONGESTION ON ROADS s CONGESTION REDUCTION s CONGESTION REDUCTION STRATEGIES s COST OF CONGESTION s COST OF TRAFFIC s COST OF TRAVEL s COSTS OF CONGESTION s CRASH RATE s DAILY TRAFFIC s DEMAND MANAGEMENT s DIESEL s DIESEL FUEL s DIRECT CONGESTION s DOUBLE PARKING s DRIVERS s DRIVING BEHAVIOR s DUST s EMISSION s EMISSION FACTORS s EMISSION RATES s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS FROM ROAD s EMISSIONS FROM ROAD TRAFFIC s EMISSIONS FROM VEHICLES s EQUATIONS s EXCESS FUEL CONSUMPTION s EXPRESSWAYS s FIXED TRIP s FLOW OF TRAFFIC s FRAMEWORK s FREEWAY s FREEWAYS s FREIGHT s FREIGHT VEHICLES s FREQUENCY OF CRASHES s FUEL s FUEL COST s FUEL COSTS s FUEL ECONOMY s FUEL PRICE s FUEL PRICES s FUEL TYPE s FUEL TYPES s FUEL USE s GASOLINE s GASOLINE COST s GASOLINE USE s GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE s GRADE s HEAVY TRUCKS s HIGH TRAFFIC VOLUMES s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY CAPACITY s HIGHWAYS s ILLEGAL PARKING s INCOME s INCREASING FUEL CONSUMPTION s INTERSECTION s INTERSECTIONS s LAND USE s LANES s LIGHT TRUCK s LOAD FACTORS s LOCAL ROADS s LOWER TRAFFIC VOLUMES s MAJOR ROUTES s MASS TRANSIT s MASS TRANSIT SYSTEMS s METRO LINE s METRO RIDERSHIP s MINIBUS s MINIBUSES s MODAL SPLIT s MODE SPLIT s MODES OF TRANSPORT s MOTORCYCLE s MOTORCYCLES s MOTORCYCLISTS s MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT s NARROW BRIDGE s NEIGHBORHOODS s PASSENGER s PASSENGER CAR UNIT s PASSENGER CARS s PASSENGER VEHICLE s PASSENGERS s PAVEMENT s PAVEMENT CONDITIONS s PCU s PEAK HOURS s PEAK PERIOD s PEAK PERIODS s PEAK TRAFFIC s PEAK TRAVEL s PEAK-HOUR s PEDESTRIAN s PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS s PEDESTRIANS s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIMARY HIGHWAYS s PRIVATE CAR OWNERSHIP s PRIVATE VEHICLES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s RED LIGHTS s RIDERSHIP s RING ROAD s ROAD s ROAD ACCIDENTS s ROAD CAPACITY s ROAD CONGESTION s ROAD HIERARCHY s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD NETWORKS s ROAD PROJECTS s ROAD SURFACE s ROAD TRAFFIC s ROADS s ROADWAY s ROADWAY CAPACITY s ROADWAY EXPANSION s ROUTE s ROUTES s SAFETY s SHRINKAGE s SLOW TRAFFIC s SPEED BUMPS s SPEEDS s STREET NETWORK s STREET PARKING s SUBSIDY COST s SURFACE STREETS s TAXIS s THROUGH TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC ASSIGNMENT s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAFFIC CONGESTION PROBLEMS s TRAFFIC COUNT s TRAFFIC COUNTS s TRAFFIC DATA s TRAFFIC DELAYS s TRAFFIC DEMAND s TRAFFIC LANES s TRAFFIC LAWS s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRAFFIC PATTERNS s TRAFFIC SIGNALS s TRAFFIC SPEEDS s TRAFFIC VOLUME s TRAFFIC VOLUMES s TRANSIT s TRANSIT IMPROVEMENTS s TRANSIT INVESTMENTS s TRANSIT RIDERS s TRANSIT SYSTEMS s TRANSIT USAGE s TRANSIT VEHICLES s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT COSTING s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT PROJECTS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION PLANNING s TRAVEL DEMAND s TRAVEL DISTANCE s TRAVEL SPEED s TRAVEL TIME s TRAVEL TIMES s TRAVELERS s TRIP s TRIP GENERATION s TRIP TIME s TRIPS s TRUCKS s TRUST FUND s TUNNEL s TUNNEL CROSSING s URBAN AREAS s URBAN EXPRESSWAYS s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECTS s URBAN TRANSPORT SECTOR s URBANIZATION s VALUE OF TIME s VEHICLE CLASSIFICATION s VEHICLE OCCUPANCY s VEHICLE OPERATING s VEHICLE OPERATING COST s VEHICLE OPERATING COSTS s VEHICLE OWNERSHIP s VEHICLE TRAVEL s VEHICLE TRAVEL REDUCTION s VEHICLE TRIPS s VEHICLE TYPES s VEHICLES s VEHICLES PER HOUR English en_US The Greater Cairo Metropolitan Area (GCMA), with more than 19 million inhabitants, is host to more than one-fifth of Egypt's population. The GCMA is also an important contributor to the Egyptian economy in terms of GDP and jobs. The population of the GCMA is expected to further increase to 24 million by 2027, and correspondingly its importance to the economy will also increase. Traffic congestion is a serious problem in the GCMA with large and adverse effects on both the quality of life and the economy. In addition to the time wasted standing still in traffic, time that could be put to more productive uses, congestion results in unnecessary fuel consumption, causes additional wear and tear on vehicles, increases harmful emissions lowering air quality, increases the costs of transport for business, and makes the GCMA an unattractive location for businesses and industry. These adverse effects have very real and large monetary and nonmonetary costs not only for the economy of the GCMA, but given its size, for the economy of Egypt as well. As the population of the GCMA continues to increase, traffic congestion is becoming worse and the need to address this congestion is becoming more urgent. In recognition of the seriousness of the problem of traffic congestion, and upon the request of Government, primarily the Ministries of Finance, Transport, Housing, and Interior, the World Bank funded an investigation into its magnitude, causes, and potential solutions in the GCMA. This report documents the results of the study. The results of this study should be of interest to policy-makers and practitioners in the GCMA, the Egyptian Government, other cities facing similar problems, and international financial institutions 40 17-11-21 00:18:48.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871761 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18735 Volltext, Open Access

1759727199

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727199 OCoLC 1255600033 WBOKR 18740 EBP 064562549 KEP 064562549 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18740 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Impacts of Climate Change on Brazilian Agriculture Eduardo Assad VerfasserIn aut Barbara Farinelli VerfasserIn aut Erick C.M. Fernandes VerfasserIn aut Saulo Freitas VerfasserIn aut Leila Harfuch VerfasserIn aut Mark Lundell VerfasserIn aut Andre Nassar VerfasserIn aut Hilton S. Pinto VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Brazil Latin America & Caribbean s ACIDIFICATION s ADVERSE IMPACTS s ADVERSE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s AEROSOL EFFECTS s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL LAND USE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE s AGRICULTURE s AIR s AIR TEMPERATURES s ALBEDO s AMAZON FOREST s AMBIENT TEMPERATURES s ASSESSING CLIMATE CHANGE s ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE s ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS s ATLANTIC FOREST s ATMOSPHERE s BIODIVERSITY s BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION s BIOENERGY s BIOMASS s BIOSPHERE s BOUNDARY LAYER s CALCULATION s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON EMISSIONS s CARBON SEQUESTRATION s CLASSIFICATION s CLIMATE s CLIMATE ADAPTATION s CLIMATE ANALYSIS s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE CONSEQUENCES s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ASSESSMENTS s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT PROJECTIONS s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS s CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY s CLIMATE CHANGE PROJECTIONS s CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIO s CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS s CLIMATE CHANGE SIMULATIONS s CLIMATE CHANGES s CLIMATE CONDITIONS s CLIMATE DATA s CLIMATE FACTORS s CLIMATE FORCING s CLIMATE IMPACT s CLIMATE IMPACTS s CLIMATE INFORMATION s CLIMATE MODEL s CLIMATE MODELERS s CLIMATE MODELING s CLIMATE MODELS s CLIMATE PROJECTIONS s CLIMATE RISK s CLIMATE RISKS s CLIMATE SIMULATION s CLIMATE SIMULATIONS s CLIMATE VARIABILITY s CLIMATE-CHANGE s CLIMATE-CHANGE SCENARIOS s CLIMATIC CHANGES s CLIMATIC RISK s CLIMATIC RISKS s CLIMATOLOGY s CLOUDS s CO2 s COAST s COLD TEMPERATURES s COLORS s COMBAT CLIMATE CHANGE s CONSERVATION s CONSERVATION AREAS s CORAL REEFS s CROP PRODUCTION s CROPLAND s CROPS s DATA SETS s DEFORESTATION s DEGRADED LAND s DESERTIFICATION s DROUGHT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE s ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s ECOSYSTEM s ECOSYSTEMS s EMISSION s EMISSION SCENARIO s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION s EMISSIONS SCENARIOS s ETHANOL s EVAPORATION s EVAPOTRANSPIRATION s EXCESSIVE RAIN s EXTREME EVENTS s EXTREME TEMPERATURE s EXTREME TEMPERATURES s FARMS s FERTILIZATION s FIELD OBSERVATIONS s FLOODS s FOREST s FOREST EXTRACTION s FOREST LAW s FOREST PRODUCTS s FOREST REMOVAL s FORESTRY s FORESTRY OPERATIONS s FORESTS s FRESHWATER s FROST s FRUITS s FUTURE CLIMATE CHANGE s FUTURE CLIMATE SCENARIOS s GCM s GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL s GHG s GLACIERS s GLOBAL CLIMATE s GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS s GLOBAL WARMING s GRASSLANDS s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s HIGH TEMPERATURES s HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE s HYDROLOGICAL FLOWS s IMPACT OF CLIMATE s IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPACTS FROM CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPACTS ON TEMPERATURE s INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE s INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE s INTERNATIONAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE s INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COOPERATION s IPCC s LAND AREA s LAND COVER s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND USE s LAND USE CHANGE s LOCAL CLIMATE s METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION s METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES s METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS s MINIMUM TEMPERATURES s MITIGATION s NATIONAL CLIMATE s NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE s NATIONAL PARKS s NATIONAL SCALE s NEGATIVE IMPACTS s NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s OCEANS s OIL PALM s PASTURES s PHOTOSYNTHESIS s PLANT GROWTH s PRECIPITATION s PRESERVATION s QUALITY OF WATER s RADIATION s RAIN s RAINFALL s RAINFALL CONDITIONS s RAINFALL EVENTS s RANGES s REGIONAL CLIMATE s REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE s REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS s REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL s REGIONAL CLIMATE PROJECTIONS s REGIONAL CLIMATE SCENARIOS s REGIONAL CLIMATES s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE s RIPARIAN ZONES s RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s RUNOFF s SCIENTIST s SCIENTISTS s SEASON s SOIL CARBON s SOILS s SPECIES s SPECIES DIVERSITY s SUGAR CANE s SUGAR INDUSTRY s SURFACE VARIABLES s TEMPERATURE s TEMPERATURE EFFECTS s TEMPERATURE INCREASE s TEMPERATURE INCREASES s TEMPERATURE RISE s TEMPERATURE VARIATION s TOPOGRAPHY s TREE SPECIES s TROPICAL FOREST s TROPICS s VARIABILITY OF RAINFALL s VEGETATION s VEGETATIVE GROWTH s WATER QUALITY s WATER RETENTION s WETLAND English en_US This report evaluates the requirements for an assessment of climate change impacts on agriculture to guide policy makers on investment priorities and phasing. Because agriculture is vital for national food security and is a strong contributor to Brazil's GDP growth, there is growing concern that Brazilian agriculture is increasingly vulnerable to climate variability and change. To meet national development, food security, climate adaptation and mitigation, and trade goals over the next several decades, Brazil will need to significantly increase per area productivity of food and pasture systems while simultaneously reducing deforestation, rehabilitating millions of hectares of degraded land, and adapting to climate change. There is inadequate data to accurately model projected climate challenges facing Brazil. The report concludes that key integrated and linked interventions are needed in the short term to significantly improve currently available assessments of climate change impact on Brazilian agriculture and to guide policy makers with the priorities and phasing of needed investments 40 17-11-21 00:18:48.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987177X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18740 Volltext, Open Access

1759727202

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:10.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727202 OCoLC 1255600289 WBOKR 18730 EBP 064562530 KEP 064562530 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18730 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Uganda Economic Update, March 2014 Are You Being Served? World Bank VerfasserIn aut Kampala 2014 1 Online-Ressource Uganda economic update no. 3 Africa Uganda s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY RELATIONSHIPS s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATION COSTS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS CRISES s BANK LENDING s BROAD MONEY s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET DEFICITS s BUDGET FORMULATION s BUDGET FORMULATION PROCESS s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET SUPPORT s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CASH PAYMENTS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT SPENDING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT EXPANSION s CREDIT FACILITIES s CREDIT FLOWS s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT MARKET s CREDIT MARKETS s CREDIT RATINGS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEBT s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICING s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISTRIBUTION OF CREDIT s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DOMESTIC REVENUE s DOMESTIC SAVINGS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC GROWTH RATE s ECONOMIC GROWTH RATES s EDUCATION SERVICES s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY CAPITAL s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORTERS s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL GRANTS s EXTERNAL LOANS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FISCAL AUTONOMY s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL REFORMS s FISCAL SIDE s FISCAL STANCE s FISCAL STRATEGY s FISCAL TRANSFERS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY LOANS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN GRANTS s FOREIGN RESERVES s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH SPENDING s HOLDINGS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INFLATION RATES s INFLATIONARY EXPECTATIONS s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT INCOME s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT SPENDING s INVESTOR PROTECTION s JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LACK OF COMPETITION s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LEVEL OF ACCOUNTABILITY s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT SPENDING s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL REVENUE s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARGINAL INCREASE s MARKET EFFICIENCY s MARKET PRICES s MATURITY s MICROFINANCE s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s MONEY MARKET RATES s MONEY MARKETS s MORTGAGE s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN s NET LENDING s OPTIMAL INVESTMENT s OVERSIGHT BODIES s POLITICAL RISKS s POLITICAL STABILITY s PRICE INDEX s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s REMITTANCES s RESERVES s RETURN s REVENUE SOURCES s RISK FACTORS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SOCIAL OUTCOMES s SOCIAL SERVICES s STATED OBJECTIVES s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX COLLECTION s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERRORISM s TIME DEPOSIT s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL SPENDING s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILL RATE s TREASURY BILLS s WITHDRAWAL English en_US This is the third edition of the Uganda Economic Update series. The first part of this update provides a general overview on the state of Uganda's economy. Then the second part offers an examination of an economic topic of special interest and high relevance for the country, looking at how to improve service delivery by district governments. In 2013 Uganda managed to sustain macroeconomic stability and contain a short-lived uptick in inflation caused by fluctuations in regional food prices. This demonstrates the ability of the country's authorities to formulate and implement sound macroeconomic policies, and lays the foundation for continued achievement of economic growth rates in the range of 6-7 percent. The implementation of the large public infrastructure projects planned for the next several years should also contribute to growth. However, it will be as important as ever to keep budget deficits under control and to make sure that increased focus on infrastructure does not slow down progress in social outcomes. While healthy and educated population is critical for achieving Vision 2040, findings from the recent Service Delivery Indicators initiative launched by the World Bank show that the quality of Uganda's social services still lags behind the quality of its macroeconomic policies. This update proposes a set of reforms to improve value-for-money in service delivery, as well as contain the costs of local public administration 40 17-11-21 00:18:48.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871788 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18730 Volltext, Open Access

1759727210

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727210 OCoLC 1255600211 WBOKR 18741 EBP 064562522 KEP 064562522 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18741 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO China Country Water Resources Partnership Strategy (2013-2020) World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL WATER s AGRICULTURAL WATER USE s AGRICULTURE WATER s ALLOCATION OF WATER s ANNUAL RUNOFF s AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM s AQUIFERS s ARID AREAS s AVAILABILITY OF WATER s AVAILABLE WATER s AVAILABLE WATER RESOURCES s BRACKISH WATER s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SOCIETY s CLIMATE CHANGE s COASTAL AREAS s COLLECTION OF WATER s COMPETITION FOR WATER s CONSTRUCTION s CONSUMPTIVE USE s CONSUMPTIVE USES s COST RECOVERY s COVERING s CUBIC METERS s DAMS s DEBRIS s DECISION MAKERS s DECISION MAKING s DEMAND FOR WATER s DIKES s DISTRIBUTION OF WATER s DOMESTIC USE s DRAINAGE s DRAINAGE SYSTEM s DRAINAGE SYSTEMS s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SAFETY s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s DROUGHT s DRY WEATHER s ENGINEERING s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EROSION CONTROL s EVAPOTRANSPIRATION s FARMERS s FLOOD CONTROL s FLOOD MANAGEMENT s FLOOD PROTECTION s FLOOD RISK s FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT s FLOODING s FLOODS s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SELF-SUFFICIENCY s FORESTRY s GLOBAL WATER PARTNERSHIP s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE OF WATER s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s GROUNDWATER WITHDRAWALS s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMIDITY s HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE s HYDROPOWER CAPACITY s IRRIGATION s IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT s IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT s IRRIGATION SYSTEMS s LAKE BEDS s LAKES s LAND USE s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUCLEAR POWER s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s POLLUTION CONTROL s POWER GENERATION s PRESSURE s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PROVINCIAL WATER s PUBLIC WATER s QUALITY STANDARDS s RAIN s RAINFALL s RECHARGE s REMOTE SENSING s RENEWABLE WATER RESOURCES s RESERVOIRS s RIVER BASIN s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT s RIVER BASINS s RIVER MANAGEMENT s RIVERS s RUNOFF s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SANITATION s SEA s SEA WATER s SEDIMENTS s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SHALLOW WATER s SMALL CITIES s SMALL DAMS s SMALL TOWN s SMALL TOWNS s SMALL WATERSHED s SOIL EROSION s SPRING s STORAGE CAPACITY s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATER RESOURCES s TOWN s TREATMENT PLANTS s USE OF WATER s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER DISCHARGE s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WATER ALLOCATION s WATER AUTHORITIES s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER BODIES s WATER BODY s WATER CONSERVATION s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER CYCLE s WATER DEMAND s WATER DEVELOPMENT s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER DIVERSION s WATER GOVERNANCE s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER LAW s WATER LOGGING s WATER LOSSES s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s WATER MARKETING s WATER PARTNERSHIP s WATER POLICY s WATER POLLUTION s WATER POLLUTION CONTROL s WATER PRICING s WATER PROGRAMS s WATER PROJECTS s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUANTITY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES ALLOCATION s WATER RESOURCES CONSERVATION s WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES PLANNING s WATER RIGHT TRADING s WATER RIGHTS s WATER SAVINGS s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SECTOR s WATER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s WATER SECTOR INITIATIVES s WATER SECTOR REFORM s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCES s WATER STORAGE s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY COMPANY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TABLES s WATER TRANSFER s WATER USE s WATER USER s WATER USER ASSOCIATION s WATER USERS s WATER WITHDRAWAL s WATER ­ CONSUMPTION s WATERS s WATERSHED s WATERSHED MANAGEMENT s WATERWAYS s WETLANDS English en_US This report presents the outcome of the World Bank's analytical and advisory work to assess the status of water resources development and the key water issues and challenges facing the country. The Bank has also reviewed its history of cooperation with the Government of China in recent decades, and notes the remarkable achievements China has made in developing the water sector. The report proposes solutions for tackling the enormous challenges facing China in the sector. The central priority is to ensure sustainable utilization and management of water, land and related resources at the national, basin, regional and local levels. Despite relatively poor endowments of land and water by international standards, China's economy has developed extremely rapidly over the last three decades, supporting 21 percent of the world's population with 9 percent of the world's arable land and only 6 percent of the world's water while simultaneously lifting some 400 million people out of poverty. It is noted in the national water resources master plan recently completed by the Ministry of Water Resources (MWR) and the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) that China's water resources are under stress from the combined demands of agriculture, industrialization, urbanization, population increases and improving living standards. The impact is evident in regional falling water tables, inadequate flows to the environment, pollution, and so on 40 17-11-21 00:18:48.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871796 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18741 Volltext, Open Access

1759727229

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727229 OCoLC 1255600314 WBOKR 18697 EBP 064562514 KEP 064562514 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18697 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Zambia's Jobs Challenge Realities on the Ground World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Zambia s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO RESOURCES s AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES s AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL LABOUR s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL R&D s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s AQUACULTURE s ARABLE LAND s BANKS s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s BETTER ACCESS TO MARKETS s BIOTECHNOLOGY s BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS s BUSINESS INCUBATORS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CASH CROPS s CASUAL WORKERS s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL FARMING s COTTON PRODUCTION s CROP DIVERSIFICATION s CROP FAILURE s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP ROTATION s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DIET s DISEASES s DROUGHT s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMICS s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS s ELEMENTARY SCHOOL s EMPLOYER s EMPLOYERS s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPOWERMENT s ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT s ENTREPRENEUR s ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES s ENTREPRENEURIAL SUCCESS s ENTREPRENEURIAL TRAINING s ENTREPRENEURS s EQUAL ACCESS s EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT MARKETS s EXTENSION s EXTENSION SERVICES s FAMILIES s FAMILY BUSINESS s FARM EMPLOYMENT s FARM EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s FARM INCOMES s FARM PRODUCTIVITY s FARMER s FARMERS s FARMING COMMUNITIES s FARMING TECHNOLOGIES s FARMS s FEED s FERTILIZERS s FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISH s FISHERIES s FOOD CROP s FOOD CROPS s FOOD PROCESSING s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SECURITY s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FREE ACCESS s GENDER s GENDER GAP s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GREATER ACCESS s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s HOME ECONOMICS s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUSBAND s IMPACT ON POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME FLUCTUATIONS s INCOME SHOCKS s INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s IRRIGATION s JOB CREATION s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s LABOR MARKET s LABOUR FORCE s LABOUR FORCE SURVEY s LABOUR LAW s LABOUR LAWS s LABOUR MARKET s LACK OF FINANCES s LAND PRODUCTIVITY s LAND RIGHTS s LAND TENURE s LIVELIHOODS s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL FARMERS s LOW INTEREST RATE s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKETING s MEAT s MICRO- LENDING s MILK s MINIMUM WAGE s MINIMUM WAGES s NEW BUSINESSES s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s NGOS s NUTRITION s OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN s PERMANENT RESIDENCE s POOR s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY LEVEL s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROFITABLE BUSINESS s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s QUALITY OF LIFE s RE-INVESTMENT s REAL ESTATE s REAL ESTATES s REDUCTION OF INCOME s REGULATORY POLICY s REMOTE AREAS s RURAL s RURAL AREA s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL COMMUNITY s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL DWELLERS s RURAL EMPLOYMENT s RURAL FARMERS s RURAL GROWTH s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL PEOPLE s RURAL POOR s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL RESIDENTS s SCIENTISTS s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SMALL BUSINESSES s SMALL SCALE FARMERS s SMALLHOLDER s SMALLHOLDER AGRICULTURE s SMALLHOLDER FARMER s SMALLHOLDER FARMERS s SMALLHOLDER INCOMES s SMALLHOLDER SECTOR s SMALLHOLDERS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOIL FERTILITY s SOURCE OF INCOME s SOURCES OF INCOME s START-UPS s SUBSISTENCE s SUBSISTENCE FARMERS s TAX INCENTIVES s TEXTILES s TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNIVERSITIES s URBAN AREAS s VEGETABLES s VILLAGES s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WEALTH CREATION s WOMAN s WOOD pha English en_US In September 2013, the World Bank launched the second Zambia economic brief, entitled Zambia's jobs challenge: realities on the ground. This report presents response of the youth to the facts and figures shared in the Zambia economic brief. It gives a broad range of discussion, often provocative, as to how Zambia's employment challenges can be tackled. It discusses the issues as diverse as cultural mind-set, absence of entrepreneurial training, weaknesses in labor laws, and low investments in agriculture research and development 40 17-11-21 00:18:48.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987180X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18697 Volltext, Open Access

1759727237

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727237 OCoLC 1255600221 WBOKR 18723 EBP 064562506 KEP 064562506 2000 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18723 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO City Development Strategy South Asia Region Progress Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2000 1 Online-Ressource South Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ADB s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s AUTONOMY s BASIC URBAN SERVICES s CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM s CAPACITY BUILDING SUPPORT s CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CDS s CITIES s CITIES ALLIANCE s CITIES WITHOUT SLUMS s CITIZEN PARTICIPATION s CITY ASSISTANCE s CITY AUTHORITIES s CITY BOUNDARIES s CITY CORPORATE PLANS s CITY COUNCIL s CITY DEVELOPMENT s CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s CITY DWELLERS s CITY GOVERNANCE s CITY GOVERNMENT s CITY INVESTMENT s CITY LEADERS s CITY LEVEL s CITY MANAGEMENT s CITY MANAGERS s CITY PROBLEMS s CITY PROFILE s CITY RESIDENTS s CITY SIZE s CITY STRATEGIES s CIVIC CAPACITY s CIVIC ENGAGEMENT s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMPETITIVE CITIES s CREDITWORTHINESS s CULTURAL ACTIVITIES s DECENTRALIZATION s DEVOLUTION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC REFORM s EMPLOYMENT IN CITIES s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION s ESSENTIAL SERVICES s EXTERNALITIES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL CAPACITY s GOOD URBAN GOVERNANCE s HEALTH CARE s HERITAGE SITES s HISTORICAL SHIFT s HOUSING s HUMAN SETTLEMENTS s INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES s INDUSTRIAL ESTABLISHMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND PRICES s LARGE URBAN AREAS s LOCAL ADMINISTRATION s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOW INCOME s LOW-INCOME s MANDATES s MANY CITIES s MASS TRANSIT s MAYORS s METROPOLITAN AREA s METROPOLITAN AREAS s METROPOLITAN CITIES s METROPOLITAN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY s METROPOLITAN POPULATION s MIGRATION s MUNICIPAL CORPORATION s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT FUND s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT FUNDS s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE s MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s MUNICIPALITIES s NATURAL RESOURCES s PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL s POLICE s POOR HEALTH s POPULATION DENSITIES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY TAX s PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC CONSULTATION s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY OF LIFE s RAPID URBANIZATION s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE MOBILIZATION s REVENUE EXPENDITURES s SANITATION BOARD s SECURE TENURE s SEED MONEY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVIDING INSTITUTIONS s SERVICE PROVISION s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE SCHEME s SLUM CLEARANCE s SLUM DWELLERS s SLUM UPGRADING s SLUM UPGRADING EFFORTS s SLUMS s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL MOBILIZATION s SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CITIES s SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL STATUS s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s SOLID WASTES s SQUATTER s SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS s STAKEHOLDER WORKSHOPS s STAKEHOLDERS s STREET LIGHTING s STREET LIGHTS s SUSTAINABLE CITIES s SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT s TAX COLLECTION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR PREPARATION s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TOURISM s TOURISM INDUSTRY s TRAFFIC POLICE s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT PLANNING s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AGENCIES s URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN COMMUNITIES s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY s URBAN DWELLERS s URBAN ENVIRONMENT s URBAN GOVERNANCE s URBAN GOVERNMENT s URBAN GOVERNMENTS s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s URBAN INVESTMENT s URBAN ISSUES s URBAN LAND s URBAN LAND MANAGEMENT s URBAN MANAGEMENT s URBAN NEIGHBORHOODS s URBAN PLANNERS s URBAN POLICY s URBAN POOR s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN POPULATION GROWTH s URBAN POVERTY s URBAN POVERTY ALLEVIATION s URBAN PROBLEMS s URBAN PROGRAMS s URBAN RESIDENTS s URBAN SECTOR s URBAN SERVICES s URBAN SETTLEMENTS s URBAN STRATEGIES s URBAN STRATEGY s URBAN TRANSITION s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBAN TRANSPORT SECTOR s URBAN · POOR s URBANIZATION s URBANIZATION OF POVERTY s URBANIZING s USER CHARGES s VALLEY DEVELOPMENT s VALLEY TRAFFIC s VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEES s WASTE COLLECTION s WATER DRAINS s WATER POLLUTION s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM English en_US This report highlights the discussion, processes, lessons learned in examining innovative options for participation by all stakeholders in seeking new social and economic contracts between civil society and urban governments. The improvement in relationships is geared towards providing better services for urban poor and directly contributing to urban poverty alleviation. The report attempts to capture the new wave of enthusiasm and entrepreneurial inclination to city management that is more transparent and responsive to citizens as 'customers' 40 17-11-21 00:18:48.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871818 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18723 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727245 OCoLC 1255600321 WBOKR 18632 EBP 064562492 KEP 064562492 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18632 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Toward Greater Social Inclusion in Poland A Qualitative Assessment in Three Regions World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Poland s ABUSE s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACTIVE PARTICIPATION s ADDICTION s AGED s AGGRESSIVE s AGING s ALCOHOL ABUSE s ALCOHOLIC s ALCOHOLICS s BARRIER s BASIC NEEDS s BRAILLE s CARE CENTERS s CHILD CARE s CHILD WITH DISABILITY s CHILDREN PER WOMAN s CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES s CHRONIC DEPRIVATION s CHRONIC DISEASE s CHRONIC POVERTY s CHURCH s CHURCHES s CIVIL RIGHTS s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITY LIFE s CORRELATES OF POVERTY s CULTURAL LIFE s DEAF s DEAF CHILDREN s DEAF PEOPLE s DEAF PERSON s DECISION MAKING s DEMOCRACY s DEPRESSION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIGNITY s DISABILITY s DISABILITY BENEFITS s DISABILITY PENSIONS s DISABLED s DISABLED EMPLOYEE s DISABLED PEOPLE s DISABLED PERSON s DISADVANTAGED GROUP s DISCRIMINATION s DIVERSITY s DIVORCE s DOMESTIC ABUSE s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC TRANSITION s EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES s EFFECTIVE POLICIES s ELDERLY s ELDERLY PEOPLE s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION s FAMILIES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FAMILY SUPPORT s FAMILY SUPPORT POLICIES s FARM INCOMES s FEMALE PARTICIPANTS s FERTILITY RATE s FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS s FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS s GENDER s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER ROLES s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH SERVICES s HEARING s HOMELESS PEOPLE s HOMELESSNESS s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HUMAN CAPITAL s ILLNESS s INCOME s INCOME POVERTY s INEQUALITY s ISOLATION s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JOB SECURITY s JOB TRAINING s JOBS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LACK OF INFORMATION s LACK OF SKILLS s LARGE FAMILIES s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL MUNICIPALITIES s LOW FERTILITY s MAINSTREAM s MANDATES s MARKET ECONOMY s MATERNITY LEAVE s MEDICINES s MENTAL s MENTAL HEALTH s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MINORITY s MOVEMENTS s NATIONAL AUTHORITIES s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s OLDER PEOPLE s ORPHANS s PARENTING s PARTICIPATION IN DECISION s PENSIONS s PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES s PEOPLE WITH DISABILITY s PHARMACIES s PHYSICAL HEALTH s PLACE OF RESIDENCE s POLICY MAKERS s POLITICAL PARTICIPATION s POLITICAL RIGHTS s POLITICAL UNREST s POOR s POOR HEALTH s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POPULATION GROUPS s POVERTY ANALYSIS s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRISON s PROGRESS s PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT s PSYCHOLOGISTS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES s QUALITATIVE APPROACH s QUALITY OF LIFE s QUALITY OF SERVICES s QUALITY SERVICES s QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH s REHABILITATION s REHABILITATION SERVICES s REMOTE AREAS s RESEARCH METHODS s RESPECT s RETIREMENT AGE s RISKY BEHAVIOR s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL PEOPLE s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL SETTINGS s RURAL UNEMPLOYMENT s SAFETY s SAVINGS s SCHOOL STUDENTS s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SELF-CONFIDENCE s SELF-ESTEEM s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SIBLINGS s SIGN LANGUAGE s SINGLE MOTHER s SINGLE PARENTS s SMALLHOLDER FARMERS s SMALLHOLDERS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL DEPRIVATION s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL EXCLUSION s SOCIAL GROUPS s SOCIAL INCLUSION s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL ISOLATION s SOCIAL LIFE s SOCIAL MOBILITY s SOCIAL NORMS s SOCIAL POLICY s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL RELATIONS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICE s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL SUPPORT s SOCIAL WORKERS s SOCIETY s STEREOTYPES s STEREOTYPING s TABOO s TREATIES s UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE s UNEMPLOYED PERSON s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT LEVELS s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s URBAN AREAS s URBANIZATION s VICTIMS s VIOLENCE s VOLUNTARY WORK s VULNERABILITY s WELFARE INDICATORS s WORK EXPERIENCE s WORKERS s WORKFORCE s WORTH s YOUNG CHILDREN s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG PEOPLE pha English en_US In Poland, addressing the situation of the remaining poor groups is likely to become much harder over time as their problems are likely to be deeper and their situation more complex. A social inclusion approach that tackles their multiple disadvantages will be needed. This study aims to contribute to Poland's social inclusion debate by providing policy makers and civil society with evidence from the field about (1) what population groups are currently 'socially excluded;' (2) what are the driving factors of their exclusion; and (3) the success and failure of current social inclusion policies and programs. The ultimate goal of this work is to make current social inclusion interventions more effective by learning from what has been tried. The findings are particularly relevant now that a new EU funding cycle has started, with part of the funds earmarked for tackling social inclusion. The study was conducted in three regions: Malopolskie, Podkarpackie, and Mazowieckie (in Radom County only). The first two are among Poland's poorest regions in terms of income poverty. The part of Mazowieckie in which the research was conducted also has a higher than average poverty rate; in addition, the unemployment rate there (31 percent) is much greater than the national average (about 13 percent in 2013). Capitals of the other two regions were excluded from the research 40 17-11-21 00:18:48.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871826 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18632 Volltext, Open Access

1759727253

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727253 OCoLC 1255600152 WBOKR 18724 EBP 064562484 KEP 064562484 2000 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18724 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO City Development Strategy Colombo Municipal Council of Colombo VerfasserIn aut Colombo, Sri Lanka 2000 1 Online-Ressource Colombia Latin America & Caribbean s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY s ADDICTION s AIR s ASSETS s BRIDGE s BUSINESS COMMUNITY s CITIES s CITY ADMINISTRATION s CITY ASSISTANCE s CITY CONGESTION s CITY DEVELOPMENT s CITY DEVELOPMENT PROCESS s CITY ECONOMIES s CITY ENVIRONMENT s CITY LIMITS s CITY MANAGEMENT s CITY PLANNERS s CITY PLANNING s CITY POLICE s CITY POPULATION s CITY PRODUCTIVITY s CITY REVENUE s CITY ROADS s COLLATERAL s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMMUTERS s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s CRIME s CULTURAL HERITAGE s DAY CARE s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION MAKING s DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITIES s DEVOLUTION s DIVIDENDS s DRAINAGE s DRINKING WATER s ECONOMIC CAPACITY s ECONOMIC CLIMATE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT POLICY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EFFECTIVE STRATEGY s EMISSIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT s EXERCISES s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FLOOR AREA s FOOD STORAGE s FUEL s GARBAGE COLLECTION s GAS EMISSIONS s GOOD URBAN GOVERNANCE s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH EDUCATION s HEALTH PROBLEMS s HEALTH SERVICES s HERITAGE AREAS s HERITAGE SITES s HIGHWAYS s HOSPITALS s HOUSING s HOUSING DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN GROWTH s HUMAN SETTLEMENTS s HYGIENE s ILLEGAL PARKING s INDUSTRIAL EXPANSION s INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONALIZATION s INTERVENTION s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND RECLAMATION s LAND RESOURCES s LAND USE s LAND USE STRATEGIES s LAWS s LEGAL AUTHORITY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOCAL ADMINISTRATION s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LONGER DISTANCES s MAYORS s MOTOR VEHICLES s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL BONDS s MUNICIPAL COUNCILS s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT s MUNICIPAL ENGINEER s MUNICIPAL FINANCE s MUNICIPAL REVENUE s MUNICIPALITIES s OIL s PATIENTS s PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT s POLICE s POLICE POWERS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLLUTION s POPULATION DENSITY s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY TAXES s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS s PUBLIC SECTOR INFRASTRUCTURE s QUALITY OF LIFE s RAIL s RAILROAD s RAILWAY s RAILWAYS s REBATES s RECYCLING s RING ROADS s ROAD s ROAD ACCIDENTS s ROAD CONDITIONS s ROAD CONGESTION s ROAD DEVELOPMENT s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROADS s SAFETY s SANITATION s SANITATION FACILITIES s SECURITY OF TENURE s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE QUALITY s SERVICE SECTOR s SERVICE STANDARDS s SEWAGE s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SLUMS s SOCIAL ACTIVITIES s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s SOCIAL EXCLUSION s SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SOCIAL INTEGRATION s SOCIAL JUSTICE s SOCIAL MARKETING s SOCIAL MOBILIZATION s SOCIAL PLANNING s SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES s SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECTOR s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE COLLECTION s SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s STAKEHOLDER GROUPS s STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION s STAKEHOLDERS s SUB-DIVISION REGULATIONS s SUSTAINABLE CITIES s TAX s TOLL s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAFFIC FLOW s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT s TRANSPORT PLANNING s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRUE s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN ENVIRONMENT s URBAN GOVERNANCE s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN LIVING s URBAN MANAGEMENT s URBAN POOR s URBAN POVERTY s URBAN POVERTY REDUCTION s URBAN RENEWAL s URBAN SERVICES s URBANIZATION s URBANIZATION PROCESS s UTILITIES s VEHICLE s VEHICLE SPEED s VIOLENCE s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WASTE s WASTE DISPOSAL s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WATER DRAINAGE s WATER METERS s WATER SUPPLY s WATER TREATMENT s WEALTH s WORK PLANS English en_US The Colombo Municipal Council (CMC), in collaboration with the World Bank, UNDP, UNCHS (HABITAT) and the Western Provincial Council (WPC) in Sri Lanka, launched a project in February 2000 to formulate a comprehensive strategy framework and a perspective plan of action for development of the city. The purpose was to identify key areas and issues that need systemic and planned attention of the Council and other major stakeholders and to develop appropriate strategies to address them. A Senior Consultant was assigned to the CMC by the sponsors to help formulate the strategy through a consultative process. In formulating the strategy framework, the CMC consulted a wide variety of stakeholder groups through a series of formal and informal consultations. They included civil society partners such as NGOs and CBOs, representatives of the poor; senior municipal officials; and leading private sector representatives, i.e., major investors, realtors, developers and Chambers of Commerce & Industry. Their views, ideas and suggestions were reviewed and those compatible with the development vision and thrust identified by the CMC task forces and stakeholder consultations are incorporated in this strategy framework. All stakeholders, particularly the private sector, considered the opportunity as an unprecedented move by the CMC and WPC. They welcomed the offer to join in this unique partnership-building exercise in city management and have assured the city administration of their wholehearted cooperation 40 17-11-21 00:18:48.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871834 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18724 Volltext, Open Access

1759727261

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727261 OCoLC 1255600349 WBOKR 18640 EBP 064562476 KEP 064562476 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18640 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Georgia Adjusting in the Face of Uncertainty World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Georgia economic report no.5 Europe and Central Asia Georgia s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ANNUAL EXPENDITURES s ARREARS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANKING SECTOR s BENEFICIARIES s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET EXPENDITURE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL GRANTS s CENTRAL AUTHORITIES s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES s CENTRAL TAX ADMINISTRATION s CITIES s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK LOANS s CONSUMER LOANS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT LINE s CREDIT MARKET s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DECENTRALIZATION s DEPOSIT s DERIVATIVES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISTRICT s DISTRICT LEVEL s DISTRICT MUNICIPALITIES s DISTRICTS s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKETS s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEBT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EQUIPMENT s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE DECENTRALIZATION s EXPENDITURE NEEDS s EXPENDITURE PRIORITIES s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL SPACE s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENTS s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH CARE s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMMOVABLE PROPERTIES s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INSURANCE s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL TRANSFERS s INTERMEDIATION s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT RATE s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCE OF TREASURY BILLS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LENDING PORTFOLIO s LEVIES s LOAN s LOAN DEMAND s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL EXPENDITURES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s LOSS OF REVENUES s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET FAILURES s MAYORS s MEDIUM-TERM GROWTH s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY AUTHORITIES s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MOVABLE PROPERTY s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL INCOME s NATIONAL SAVINGS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OLD-AGE PENSIONS s PENSION s PENSIONS s PERSONAL INCOME s POLICY CHANGES s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY INTERVENTIONS s POLICY PRIORITY s POLICY UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s POVERTY RATE s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROGRAMS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC CONSUMPTION s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT SERVICE RATIO s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s REVENUE ASSIGNMENT s REVENUE AUTONOMY s REVENUE BASE s REVENUE COLLECTIONS s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s REVENUE SHARING s REVENUE SHORTFALL s REVENUE STRUCTURE s SAFETY NETS s SETTLEMENT s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s STRUCTURAL POLICIES s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUBNATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL EXPENDITURE s SUBNATIONAL EXPENDITURES s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENT s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BASE s TAX CODE s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX SYSTEM s TAXABLE INCOME s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOWNS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TURNOVER s WEAK BUDGET EXECUTION English en_US Economic growth picked up in the final quarter of 2013 as policy uncertainty was reduced, confidence strengthened, and budget execution substantially increased. Surge in spending in the last quarter of the year partially offset sluggish outlays earlier to leave the fiscal deficit for 2013 as a whole at 2.6 percent of gross domestic product (GDP), a marginal improvement from 2012. There was a substantial increase in spending in the fourth quarter, although annual expenditures continued to be 8 percent below the budgeted amount. Revenue collections were also low due to subdued economic activity. Although the fiscal deficit is expected to increase to 3.8 percent of GDP in 2014, it should decline thereafter given the government's commitment to fiscal consolidation. The current account deficit narrowed in 2013 as exports picked up, especially to Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), while imports languished due to weak investment and consumption. The unemployment problem persisted with a net decline in business sector jobs by 5 percent during the first three quarters of 2013. In this context, the report presents political developments; recent economic developments; and economic and structural policies 40 17-11-21 00:18:49.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871842 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18640 Volltext, Open Access

175972727X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972727X OCoLC 1255600224 WBOKR 18645 EBP 064562468 KEP 064562468 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18645 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Malawi Diagnostic Trade Integration Study Update Reducing Trade Costs to Promote Competitiveness and Inclusive Growth World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Malawi s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGGREGATE TRENDS s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL TRADE s AGRICULTURE s APPAREL s APPAREL EXPORTS s AUDITS s AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE OF TRADE s BARRIERS TO TRADE s BENCHMARKS s BORDER CROSSING s BORDER MANAGEMENT s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CARS s CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL VEHICLES s COMMON MARKET s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE MARKET s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPETITIVENESS INDEX s CONCESSIONS s CONSUMERS s COUNTRY OF ORIGIN s CRITICAL IMPORTS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS CLEARANCE s CUSTOMS CLEARANCE PROCEDURES s CUSTOMS DUTIES s CUSTOMS DUTY s CUSTOMS UNION s CUSTOMS VALUATION s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC REGULATION s DOMESTIC TRANSPORT s DRIVING s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EXCESS DEMAND s EXCHANGE RATES s EXCISE DUTIES s EXOGENOUS SHOCKS s EXPORT BIAS s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION s EXPORT DYNAMICS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT LICENSING s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORT PERMITS s EXPORT PRODUCTS s EXPORT SALES s EXPORT SECTOR s EXPORT SHARES s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL TARIFF s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FISCAL POLICIES s FIXED COSTS s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATE REGIME s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN TRADE s FREIGHT s FUEL s FUEL PRICES s GASOLINE s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS s GLOBAL MARKETS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HIGH TRANSPORT s HIGH TRANSPORTATION s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPORT COST s IMPORT DUTY s IMPORT PARITY s IMPORT TARIFFS s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME LEVELS s INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS s INDUSTRIAL SECTOR s INEQUALITY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INTERMEDIATE INPUTS s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT s ITC s LABOR FORCE s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL TRANSPORT s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET DISTORTIONS s MARKET SHARE s METALS s MINES s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MONETARY POLICY s MOST FAVORED NATION s MOTOR VEHICLES s NATIONAL INCOME s NATIONAL MARKET s NEUTRAL TRADE s NON-TARIFF BARRIERS s OIL s OVERVALUATION s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s POLICY MAKERS s POPULATION GROWTH s POSITIVE EFFECTS s PRICE OF IMPORTS s PRICE SETTING s PRODUCERS s PUBLIC POLICY OBJECTIVES s RATES OF PROTECTION s REAL GDP s REBATES s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s REGIONAL TRADE s REGIONAL TRANSIT s REGULATORY POLICIES s ROAD s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD USER s ROAD USER CHARGES s ROADS s ROUTES s SAFETY s SOURCING s STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT s TARIFF BARRIER s TARIFF BARRIERS s TARIFF LINE s TARIFF POLICIES s TARIFF POLICY s TARIFF PREFERENCES s TARIFF SCHEDULE s TARIFF SCHEDULES s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TAX s TAX INCENTIVES s TECHNICAL BARRIERS s TECHNICAL REGULATIONS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERMS OF TRADE s TIRES s TOURISM s TRADE AGENDA s TRADE AGREEMENTS s TRADE BARRIERS s TRADE CENTER s TRADE COMPETITIVENESS s TRADE COSTS s TRADE DATA s TRADE DEFICITS s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE IN GOODS s TRADE IN SERVICES s TRADE INTEGRATION s TRADE ISSUES s TRADE LOGISTICS s TRADE OPENNESS s TRADE POLICIES s TRADE POLICY s TRADE POLICY FRAMEWORK s TRADE POLICY ISSUES s TRADE POLICY REFORMS s TRADE POLICY REVIEW s TRADE POLICY REVIEW MECHANISM s TRADE PREFERENCES s TRADE REFORMS s TRADE REGIME s TRADE VOLUMES s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSIT s TRANSIT CORRIDORS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT CORRIDORS s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT INDUSTRY s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TRANSPORTS s TRUCKS s UNEMPLOYMENT s VALUATION s VALUE ADDED s VEHICLES s WAGES s WEALTH s WHOLESALE TRADE s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US The diagnostic trade integration study (DTIS) update identifies the trade related constraints holding back Malawi from diversifying and deepening its production base, and increasing trade. The DTIS update identifies and quantifies specific trade costs that determine the availability and price of inputs and the ability of producers to get their products to regional and international markets. The report focuses on tariff policies, regulatory issues impacting on trade, trade facilitation and logistics, and policies affecting agricultural trade and trade in services. Recognizing that the (enhanced) integrated framework and the DTIS (including the 2003 DTIS for Malawi) have not been effective in addressing many of the broader issues requiring large-scale physical investments in most countries, this DTIS update focuses on specific trade related policy and regulatory issues within the mandate and policy space of the ministry of trade and the national implementation unit or similar implementation mechanisms. In this context, the report is structured as follows: chapter one gives introduction. Chapter two outlines the current macroeconomic position and the level of trade openness, summarizes the status of the business enabling environment. Chapter three describes Malawi's current trade policy with a detailed review of the existing tariff schedules. Chapter four addresses a range of the key regulatory issues that raise costs for all producers in Malawi. Chapter five looks in depth at how the trade and regulatory policies within the agricultural sector impact on competitiveness. Finally, chapter six addresses the important issues of trade in services through focusing on professional services such as engineering, accounting, and law 40 17-11-21 00:18:49.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871850 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18645 Volltext, Open Access

1759727288

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727288 OCoLC 1255600079 WBOKR 18651 EBP 06456245X KEP 06456245X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18651 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kazakhstan Short-Term Vulnerabilities, Positive Prospects World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Kazakhstan Economic Update Spring 2014 Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s ACCOUNTING s AMORTIZATION s ASSET POSITION s AVAILABILITY OF CREDIT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK LOANS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BILL s BORROWER s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUFFER s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL FLOW s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPETITIVE DEVALUATION s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER CREDITS s CONSUMER LOANS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CORE INFLATION s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT LINE s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s CUSTOMS UNION s DEBT MARKETS s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT SOURCES s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEPRECIATION s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIRECT INVESTMENTS s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC INFLATION s DOMESTIC PRICES s DOMESTIC SAVINGS s DUTCH DISEASE s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC MODEL s ECONOMIC POLICY s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET CURRENCIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE DEVALUATION s EXCHANGE RATE POLICY s EXCHANGE RATE REGIMES s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORTERS s EXTERNAL BALANCE s EXTERNAL BALANCES s EXTERNAL BORROWINGS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEMAND s EXTERNAL FUNDING s EXTERNAL INDEBTEDNESS s EXTERNAL POSITION s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCIAL ASSET s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL BALANCES s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED INVESTMENT s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE REGIME s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOLD s GOLD RESERVES s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEFICITS s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENTS s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMBALANCES s IMPORT s IMPORT PRICES s IMPORTS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATIONARY IMPACT s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT ACTIVITY s INVESTMENT FLOWS s INVESTMENT INFLOWS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s ISSUANCES s LABOR FORCE s LENDING PORTFOLIOS s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOCAL CURRENCY s LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS s MACROECONOMIC DATA s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION s MONETARY AGGREGATES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY SUPPLY s MORTGAGES s NATIONAL BANK s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET DEBT s NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OIL ECONOMY s OIL EXPORTS s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OIL REVENUE s OIL SUPPLY s OPEN ECONOMIES s PENSION s PENSIONS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS s POSITIVE COEFFICIENT s POST-CRISIS PERIOD s PRICE INCREASES s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE MONEY s PRIVATE SAVINGS s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC FINANCES s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s RATE OF GROWTH s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s RECESSION s REGULATORY REFORMS s REMITTANCES s REPO s REPO RATES s RESERVE s RESERVE ACCUMULATION s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s RIGID EXCHANGE RATE REGIME s RULE OF LAW s SHARE OF CREDIT s SHORT-TERM LIQUIDITY s SLOWDOWN s STOCK EXCHANGE s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s TARIFF BARRIERS s TAX s TAX SYSTEM s TOTAL CREDIT s TOTAL DEBT s TOTAL DEPOSITS s TOTAL EXPORTS s TOTAL EXTERNAL DEBT s TOTAL IMPORTS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE POLICY s TRADE SURPLUS s TRANSITION COUNTRIES s UNCERTAINTIES s UNCERTAINTY s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s WEALTH EFFECT s WEIGHTS s WITHDRAWAL pha English en_US This economic update is structured as follows: section A describes the recent economic developments, with a focus on emerged imbalances in the external accounts, which led to growing depreciation expectations and resulted in the one-off tenge devaluation in early 2014. Section B provides an overview of recent macroeconomic policies and the government's forward-looking vision of moving toward a diversified knowledge-based economy by improving the country's endowments. Section C outlines the medium-term economic prospects for Kazakhstan, which is expected to benefit from the global economic recovery, but face risks, both external and domestic. Section D discusses possible short- to medium-term impacts of the devaluation on the economy and suggests a set of policy measures to mitigate inflationary pressures 40 17-11-21 00:18:49.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871869 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18651 Volltext, Open Access

1759727296

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727296 OCoLC 1255600363 WBOKR 18650 EBP 064562441 KEP 064562441 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18650 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic Growth Rebounds, Risks Remain World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Kyrgyz Republic economic report no. 5 Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING RULES s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURE s ASSET RATIO s ASSETS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANKING SECTOR s BARRIER s BROAD MONEY s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CENTRAL BANK s CHECKS s COAL s COAL PRICES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY MARKETS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION s CONSUMPTION BASKET s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CORE INFLATION s CPI s CREDIT EXPANSION s CREDIT GROWTH s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CUSTOMS UNION s DEBT FORGIVENESS s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE RATIO s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVALUATION s DEVALUATIONS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DOLLAR EXCHANGE RATE s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC INFLATION s DOMESTIC PRICES s DRAG ON GROWTH s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMICS s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s ENVIRONMENTAL s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY RETURN s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE POLICIES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEMAND s FAIR MARKET VALUE s FARMS s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FISHERIES s FIXED ASSETS s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FORECASTS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN LOANS s FRAUD s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GINI COEFFICIENT s GOLD s GOLD PRICE s GOLD PRICES s GOVERNANCE INDICATORS s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS NATIONAL SAVINGS s GROWTH IN TRADE s GROWTH RATE s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPORT s IMPORT GROWTH s IMPORT PRICES s IMPORTS s INCOME s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTEREST RATES s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT LEVELS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s JOINT VENTURE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIQUIDITY s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOW-INCOME COUNTRY s M2 s MARKET SHARE s MARKET VALUE s MATURITY s METALS s MICRO ENTERPRISES s MINES s MONETARY AGGREGATES s MONETARY POLICY s MULTIPLIER EFFECTS s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL SAVINGS s NET EXPORTS s NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE s NOMINAL WAGE s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OIL s OIL PRICES s OUTPUT s OUTTURNS s PENSIONS s POLICY RESPONSES s POLITICAL STABILITY s POLITICAL UPHEAVAL s POPULATION GROWTH s POVERTY LEVELS s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE INDEX s PRICE INFLATION s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL WAGES s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s RETURNS s RULE OF LAW s SHARE OF INVESTMENT s SHARE PRICES s SLOWDOWN s STRUCTURAL CHANGE s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX LIABILITIES s TAX POLICY s TAX RATE s TAX REGIME s TAX REVENUES s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERMS OF TRADE s TOTAL EXTERNAL DEBT s TOTAL INVESTMENT s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE LOSSES s TRADE POLICY s TRADE REGIME s TRADING s TRADITIONAL MARKETS s TRANSPARENCY s TREATY s UNCERTAINTIES s UNCERTAINTY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VALUE ADDED s VOLATILITY s VULNERABILITY TO SHOCKS s WAGE GROWTH s WAGES s WEIGHTS s WHOLESALE MARKETS s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US The Kyrgyz Republic's three party coalition has tackled a number of events during 2013, including mayoral elections in the country's biggest cities Bishkek and Osh road blockages around Kumtor, the country's largest gold mine; as well as tense negotiations on the future of the mine; and clashes in the south of the country. The government has navigated through these difficult times, quashing a motion of no confidence in parliament. An agreement between the Kyrgyz Republic and Centerra Inc. the majority stakeholder in Kumtor was accepted by parliament in early 2014. A surge in gold output and solid growth in the non-gold sectors contributed to an impressive 10.5 percent expansion of the Kyrgyz economy in 2013. Smaller increases in food prices than in recent years, and relatively stable energy prices helped bring inflation down. Expenditure controls and robust revenue outturns have brought the fiscal deficit down to 3.5 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). Preliminary estimates suggest the trade deficit and current account deficit remained high in 2013. Medium term growth is expected to moderate to 5 percent, however, a number of risks remain. The exceptional performance of gold output in 2013 is unlikely to be repeated in 2014. The rest of the economy is expected to continue expanding at 5 to 6 percent. A slowdown in the Russian economy, declining gold prices, and uncertainty created by the recent fluctuations in the exchange rate can adversely affect this outcome. This report presents recent political developments; recent economic developments; and economic and structural policies 40 17-11-21 00:18:49.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871877 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18650 Volltext, Open Access

175972730X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972730X OCoLC 1255600370 WBOKR 18652 EBP 064562433 KEP 064562433 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18652 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Power Sector Policy Note for the Kyrgyz Republic World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s ACCOUNTABILITY s CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT s CONSULTATIONS s DISTRICT HEATING s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s HABITATS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s OILS s POWER s PREPARATION s PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION s REHABILITATION s RELIABILITY IMPROVEMENT s RESETTLEMENT s SAFETY s SOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s STAKEHOLDERS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSPARENCY English en_US This power sector policy note analyzes the principal challenges in the power sector of the Kyrgyz Republic and identifies possible solutions for overcoming them. To inform the analysis, the note describes historical operational and financial performance of the power sector companies between 2007 and 2012, and projects performance until 2030. It also describes the legal, regulatory and institutional arrangements in the sector, and compares the arrangements in the Kyrgyz Republic to those in other countries' power sectors. The note relies on discussions with, and data provided by key stakeholders, including the power companies, the Ministry of Energy and Industry and the Regulatory Department under the Ministry of Energy and Industry. The analysis in the note is targeted to inform, and support for the on-going reform efforts of the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic in the power sector. In 2012, the Government approved the Power Sector Development Strategy outlining key medium-term reform objectives for the sector, and in 2013 it approved the action plan for reforming the power sector to operationalize the strategy. The engagement of the World Bank and other donors in the power sector aims to support the implementation of the action plan. The note substantiates the need for reforms through analysis and proposes solutions consistent with the strategy and action plan 40 17-11-21 00:18:49.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871885 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18652 Volltext, Open Access

1759727318

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:11.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727318 OCoLC 1255600333 WBOKR 18696 EBP 064562425 KEP 064562425 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18696 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Policy Note Financing Small and Medium-Sized Businesses in Burkina Faso Sidiki Soubeiga VerfasserIn aut Jeremy Strauss VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Burkina Faso s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCOUNT MANAGEMENT s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL SECTORS s ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF FINANCING s ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING s APPROVAL PROCESSES s BAD CREDIT s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK BRANCHES s BANK GUARANTEES s BANK LENDING s BANK LOANS s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING RELATIONSHIP s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY LAWS s BANKS s BANQUE CENTRALE DES ETATS DE L'AFRIQUE DE L'OUEST s BANQUE DE FRANCE s BOARDS OF DIRECTORS s BORROWER s BORROWING s BUSINESS CREDIT s BUSINESS OWNER s BUSINESS OWNERS s BUSINESS PLAN s BUSINESS PLANNING s BUSINESS PLANS s BUSINESS SUPPORT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL LOANS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CHECKING ACCOUNTS s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSOLIDATION s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s CONTRACTUAL SAVINGS s CONTRACTUAL SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS s COST OF CREDIT s CREDIT APPLICATION s CREDIT APPLICATIONS s CREDIT BUREAUS s CREDIT CARDS s CREDIT COOPERATIVES s CREDIT DECISIONS s CREDIT GUARANTEES s CREDIT HISTORY s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT INFORMATION SYSTEMS s CREDIT LINE s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT MECHANISMS s CREDIT PORTFOLIOS s CREDIT PRODUCTS s CREDIT PROGRAMS s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATIONING s CREDIT REGISTRIES s CREDIT REGISTRY s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT s CREDIT RISKS s CREDITORS s CREDITS s CURRENCY EXCHANGE s CURRENT ACCOUNT s DEBT s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DIRECTED CREDIT s DIVERSIFICATION s DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC REFORM s ELECTRONIC BANKING s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT s ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT s ENTREPRENEURIAL CAPACITIES s EQUIPMENT PURCHASES s EQUITY CAPITAL s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXTERNALITIES s FACTORING s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CAPACITY s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL PLANNING s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR POLICY s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SERVICES PROVIDERS s FINANCING NEEDS s FIXED COSTS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GUARANTEE REQUIREMENTS s HIGH INTEREST RATE s HIGH INTEREST RATES s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSURANCE s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTEREST SUBSIDIES s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INVESTMENT PLANS s JOB CREATION s LACK OF COLLATERALS s LACK OF INFORMATION s LENDER s LENDERS s LENDING DECISION s LENDING DECISIONS s LENDING INSTITUTIONS s LENDING PORTFOLIOS s LIQUID ASSETS s LOAN s LOAN AMOUNT s LOAN AMOUNTS s LOAN APPLICATIONS s LOAN APPROVALS s LOAN CLASSIFICATION s LOAN DECISION s LOAN MATURITY s LOAN OFFICERS s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOAN PRODUCTS s LOAN RECOVERY s LOAN SIZE s LOANS TO BUSINESSES s LOCAL LAWS s MANDATES s MARKET ENTRY s MARKETING STRATEGY s MFI s MFIS s MICRO FINANCE s MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MICROCREDIT s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MORAL HAZARDS s MORTGAGES s MOVABLE COLLATERAL s NET WORTH s NONPERFORMING LOANS s OPERATING RATIO s OUTSTANDING LOAN s OVERDRAFTS s PARTIAL CREDIT s PAYBACK PERIOD s PAYMENT SERVICES s PAYMENTS SERVICES s PENSION FUNDS s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFITABILITY s PROVIDERS OF CREDIT s PROVISION OF CREDIT s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s REAL ESTATE s REAL ESTATE AS COLLATERAL s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REORGANIZATION s RETAIL BANKING s RETURN ON EQUITY s RISK OF DEFAULT s RISK TAKING s SAVINGS ACCOUNTS s SMALL BANKS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SOCIAL SECURITY s SPECIALIZED BANKS s SUPPLY CHAIN s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TERM CREDIT s TIME DEPOSITS s TRADE FINANCING s TRANSPORT s UNFAIR COMPETITION s URBAN AREAS s WAREHOUSE s WAREHOUSE RECEIPTS s WAREHOUSES s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US As in other Sub-Saharan African countries, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) represent the vast majority of firms operating in the private sector in Burkina Faso. Private sector-led growth is a major element of Burkina Faso's poverty reduction strategy, la strategie de croissance accelere et le developpement durable. Unfortunately, many characteristics of Burkina Faso's business environment, and of businesses themselves, make private sector-led growth a challenge. This financial sector policy note focuses on the market for credit and closely related financial services, how private banks are providing these services to SMEs, and recommendations that address problems they are having. This requires understanding the behavior of banks with respect to SME lending, particularly investment lending and related financial products like leasing, guarantees, microcredit, and subsidized credit funds. This policy note consists of a study and survey of commercial banks and two non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs) (Burkina Bail and Societe Financiere de Garantie Interbancaire du Burkina (SOFIGIB) focusing on lending to SMEs. It focuses on the supply side of the market. The survey and accompanying interviews took place during the summer of 2013. Twelve private banks and five NBFIs were asked to participate in the study and survey. The study references two additional surveys focused on SMEs: (1) the 2009 World Bank enterprise survey, and (2) the 2012 survey of SMEs commissioned by the ministry of industry, trade, and artisans. The study consists of observations and analysis of survey data to provide input to policies for encouraging lending to SMEs and increasing the provision of other financial services. This report is structured as follows: executive summary; purpose and structure of policy note; macroeconomic context and the banking sector section provides a description of the situation in which Burkina Faso finds itself. Demand for SME finance section presents recent studies focused on the demand for credit by SMEs. Supply of SME finance section presents the results of the survey organized around the keys issues facing the provision of credit to SMEs. Enabling environment for financing SMEs section discusses salient characteristics of the business, legal, and regulatory environment that effect SME finance; recommendations; and conclusions 40 17-11-21 00:18:49.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871893 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18696 Volltext, Open Access

1759727326

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727326 OCoLC 1255600165 WBOKR 18656 EBP 064562417 KEP 064562417 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18656 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bhutan Development Update, April 2014 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Bhutan South Asia s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCOUNTING s ADVERSE IMPACTS s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s ALTERNATIVE EMPLOYMENT s ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT s ANNUAL GROWTH s ASSET CLASSIFICATION s ASSETS s BALANCE OF PAYMENT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK CREDIT s BANK FINANCING s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BENCHMARK s BILL s BORROWINGS s BROAD MONEY s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL FUND s CASH RESERVE s CASH RESERVE RATIO s CENTRAL BANK s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSUMER INFLATION s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION s COOPERATIVES s CORPORATE DEPOSITS s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT OUTSTANDING s CROP LOSSES s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s CURRENT EXPENDITURES s CURRENT PRICES s DEBT RATIOS s DEBT REPAYMENT s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT STOCK s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKET s DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DONOR RESOURCES s DONOR SUPPORT s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENERGY DEMAND s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT REVENUES s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILIES s FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES s FARMERS s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL POLICIES s FLEXIBLE INTEREST RATES s FLOATING RATE s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN FINANCING s FULL EMPLOYMENT s GDP s GENDER s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDING s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HOUSING LOANS s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s IMBALANCES s IMPORT s IMPORTS s INCOME TAX s INEQUALITIES s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INHERITANCE s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCE OF TREASURY BILLS s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE SURVEY s LAND VALUES s LAWS s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY CONDITIONS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOAN RATES s LOAN-TO-DEPOSIT RATIO s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL ECONOMY s LONG-TERM LOANS s M2 s MANDATES s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET PRICES s MIGRATION s MONETARY AUTHORITY s MONETARY CONDITIONS s MONETARY POLICY s MONETARY TRANSMISSION s MULTIPLIER EFFECTS s NATIONAL BANK s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONBANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s NONBANKS s NUTRITION s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE s PERSONAL LOANS s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRESENT VALUE s PRICE FLUCTUATIONS s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PROFITABILITY s PROVISIONING RULES s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC GOOD s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s PUBLIC SPENDING s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s RAPID GROWTH s REAL ESTATE s REAL ESTATE LOANS s REAL GDP s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATES s RECEIPTS s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT PERIOD s REPAYMENTS s RESERVES s RETIREMENT s REVOLVING FUND s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SETTLEMENT s SHORT-TERM LIQUIDITY s SHORTFALLS s SLOWDOWN s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOURCE OF INCOME s STRONG DEMAND s SUBORDINATED DEBT s SUBORDINATED DEBTS s SUBSIDY POLICY s SUPPLY-SIDE s TAXATION s TIME HORIZONS s TOTAL DEPOSITS s TOTAL EXPORTS s TOTAL EXTERNAL DEBT s TOTAL INVESTMENT s TRADE AGREEMENTS s TRADE BALANCE s TRANCHE s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSMISSION MECHANISM s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TREASURY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s URBAN AREAS s URBANIZATION s VILLAGES s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY s WEIGHTS English en_US After a policy-engineered slowdown in 2012, which saw GDP growth decline to 4.8 percent, the lowest since 2008, Bhutan's economy is expected to rebound to 6.5 percent this year, supported by hydropower construction and higher electricity and food production, following favorable rains. The tight fiscal stance introduced in 2012 has been maintained to bring spending in line with lower non-hydro revenues and a slowdown in foreign grant disbursements, but the revenue situation is expected to improve with the commissioning of cement and electricity projects. Bhutan's external debt, at 85 percent of GDP, remains high, but is likely to fall sharply as assured hydropower revenues begin to flow from projects for which the external loans were taken. However, its narrow exports base and the large rupee-reserves mismatch make the country vulnerable to shortfalls in external earnings and pose a moderate risk. Bhutan's success in reducing absolute poverty is noteworthy, with the poverty rate falling from 23 percent in 2007 to 12-13 percent in 2012, improving the lot of the poorest segments of the population rather than merely that of those clustered around the poverty line. A rapid growth of commercial agriculture, expanding rural infrastructure, and beneficial effects from the construction of massive hydropower projects has established a sound platform for further poverty reduction. However, continued out-migration to urban areas and vulnerability of infra-marginal groups, the relative absence of formal social protection institutions, youth unemployment, and the persistence of malnutrition, anemia and stunting point to the need for continued effort at tackling non-income poverty. The macroeconomic projections for 2014 set GDP growth at 7.3 percent, stemming from new projects, increased tourism receipts, easier credit conditions and the effects of the Economic Stimulus Plan 40 17-11-21 00:18:49.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871907 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18656 Volltext, Open Access

1759727334

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727334 OCoLC 1255600243 WBOKR 18704 EBP 064562409 KEP 064562409 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18704 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Social Assessment of Area of Influence Togolok Deposit Oxus International VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESSIBILITY s AIR s AIRPORT s ANIMALS s BENEFIT STREAMS s BRIDGE s BUSES s CAR s CAR TRAVEL s CARS s CLOSURE s COAL MINING s COPPER s CYANIDE s DECISION MAKING s DISCLOSING INFORMATION s DRILLING s DRIVING s ECOLOGY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EITI s ELDERLY PEOPLE s ELECTRICITY s ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXPENDITURES s EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES s EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVE s FERROUS METALS s FOREIGN MINING s FORESTRY s FUEL s GAS s GOLD s GOLD MINE s GOLD MINES s GOLD MINING s GRAVEL s HARD ROCK s HEALTH AND SAFETY s HEAT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s IRON s JOURNEY s LARGE MINING s LIVING CONDITIONS s MERCURY s METALS s MINE WORKER s MINE WORKERS s MINERALS s MINES s MINING ACTIVITIES s MINING AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s MINING AREAS s MINING COMMUNITY s MINING COMPANIES s MINING COMPANY s MINING DEVELOPMENT s MINING ENTERPRISES s MINING INDUSTRIES s MINING INDUSTRY s MINING LEGISLATION s MINING MINERALS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s MINING OPERATIONS s MINING POLICY s MINING POLICY FRAMEWORK s MINING PROJECT s MINING PROJECTS s MINING SECTOR s MINING WASTE s NATURAL RESOURCES s OIL s ORES s PASTURES s PAYMENT OF TAXES s PIPES s PITS s POLICE s POLLUTION s PRECIOUS METALS s PRECIPITATION s PRODUCTION OF COAL s PRODUCTION-SHARING AGREEMENTS s PUBLIC HEARINGS s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUMPS s RAILWAY s RARE EARTH METALS s REFINING s ROAD s ROAD CROSSING s ROADS s RUBBISH s SAND s SILVER s SMALL DEPOSITS s SODIUM s SUSTAINABILITY s TAILINGS s TAX s TAX REVENUE s TAXIS s TIN s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM s TREES s TRUCKS s TUNGSTEN s TUNNEL s URANIUM s VEHICLES s WAGES s WATER PIPES s WATER SUPPLY s ZINC English en_US This report presents findings of social research conducted in the Akshiyrak Aiyl Okmotu of Kyrgyzstan (located in Jeti-Oguz raion, Issykkul province). The aim of the research was to study the current social situation in Akshiyrak Aiyl Okmotu and the potential social, economic, and ecological impact of the construction and operation of the mine at the Togolok gold deposit. The findings of the research will be used by the World Bank for assisting and advising the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic on conducting the tender for the Togolok gold deposit. Past experiences have demonstrated that mining can have several positive and negative impacts on the communities surrounding the mine. This research project was intended to offer a partial insight into how the presence of a gold mine may impact Akshiyrak. To fulfill the aim of the research, firstly, a desk study was conducted which looked at the community involvement in the mining sector in Kyrgyzstan including the relevant legislation. Secondly, fieldwork was undertaken in the Akshiyrak Aiyl Okmotu where interviews and focus groups with key actors and residents of the community were held. Finally, the findings of the research were presented by the research team to representatives of the Akshiyrak community in a validation workshop and the findings were adjusted accordingly 40 17-11-21 00:18:49.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871915 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18704 Volltext, Open Access

1759727342

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727342 OCoLC 1255600378 WBOKR 18658 EBP 064562395 KEP 064562395 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18658 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Islamic Republic of Pakistan Diagnostic Review of Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy, Volume 2. Comparison with Good Practices World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ACCESS POINTS s ACCOUNT HOLDER s ACCOUNT HOLDERS s ACCOUNTABILITY s ADVERTISEMENT s ADVERTISEMENTS s AFFORDABILITY s AGRICULTURAL CREDIT s APPLICATION FORM s APPLICATION PROCESS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET MANAGEMENT COMPANIES s ATM s AUTO LOANS s AVERAGE BALANCE s AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS s BAD CREDIT s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK BRANCHES s BANK CREDIT s BANK CUSTOMER s BANK CUSTOMERS s BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS s BANK LOANS s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING PRODUCT s BANKING PRODUCTS s BANKING REGULATION s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SUPERVISION s BANKING SURVEILLANCE s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY LAWS s BANKS s BEST PRACTICES s BORROWER s BORROWING s BROCHURES s BUSINESS PLANS s CALCULATION s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CASH ADVANCES s CASH RESERVE s CDS s CHECKING ACCOUNT s CHECKS s COLLATERAL s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEMES s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSUMER s CONSUMER COMPLAINTS s CONSUMER COUNCILS s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONSUMER FINANCE s CONSUMER LOANS s CONSUMER ORGANIZATIONS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMER PROTECTION LAWS s CONSUMERS s CONTINGENCY s CONTRIBUTIONS s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT BUREAUS s CREDIT CARD s CREDIT CARD APPLICATION s CREDIT CARD DEBT s CREDIT CARD ISSUERS s CREDIT CARD PURCHASES s CREDIT CARDS s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT GUARANTEE FACILITY s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT INFORMATION BUREAU s CREDIT LIMIT s CREDIT POLICY s CREDIT PRODUCT s CREDIT PRODUCTS s CREDIT REPORT s CREDIT REPORTING s CREDITORS s CREDITS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENT ACCOUNTS s DEBT COLLECTION s DEBT COLLECTOR s DEBTOR s DECEPTIVE MARKETING s DEFAULTERS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS s DEPOSITOR s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE INSTITUTIONS s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DISPOSABLE INCOME s ELECTRONIC BANKING s ELECTRONIC COMMERCE s ELECTRONIC FUNDS s ELECTRONIC FUNDS TRANSFER s ELECTRONIC FUNDS TRANSFERS s ELECTRONIC TRANSFERS s EMPOWERMENT s ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXCHANGE RATES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FEES ON DEPOSIT s FINANCE LITERACY s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ACTION s FINANCIAL CONSUMER s FINANCIAL CONSUMERS s FINANCIAL DATA s FINANCIAL EDUCATION s FINANCIAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL SAFETY s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR ASSESSMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FINANCING FACILITIES s FORECLOSED PROPERTY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s GENERAL PUBLIC s GUARANTEE SCHEMES s HOUSING s HOUSING LOANS s INACTIVE ACCOUNT s INCOME s INDEBTEDNESS s INFORMATION ON CUSTOMERS s INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFORMATION TO CONSUMERS s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS s INSTALLMENT s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE POLICY s INTEREST CHARGES s INTEREST COST s INTEREST COSTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL REMEDIES s LEGISLATION s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOAN DOCUMENTATION s LONG-TERM SAVINGS s LOWER INTEREST RATE s MANDATES s MARKETING s MERCHANT s MFI s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MINIMUM PAYMENT s MINIMUM RATE OF RETURN s MONTHLY INCOME s MONTHLY PAYMENT s MONTHLY PAYMENTS s MORTGAGE s MUTUAL FUND s NATIONAL INSURANCE s NONPERFORMING LOANS s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PERSONAL BANKRUPTCY s POSSESSIONS s PREPAYMENT PENALTIES s PROTECTION OF CONSUMERS s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PURCHASES s RATE OF INTEREST s RATES OF RETURN s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT CAPACITY s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESPONSIBILITIES s RETURN ON SAVINGS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SALE s SALES s SALES TACTICS s SECURITIES s SENIOR s SLR s STATE BANK s STATE BANK OF PAKISTAN s SUBSIDIARY s SUPPORT PROGRAMS s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION FEES s TYPES OF CONSUMER s TYPES OF LOANS s UNION s VARIABLE-RATE LOANS s YEARLY STATEMENT s YOUNG ADULTS English en_US The diagnostic review for Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy (CPFL) provides a detailed assessment of the institutional, legal, and regulatory framework in four segments of the financial sector: banking, microfinance, securities, and insurance. The review took place in response to a request for World Bank technical assistance in the field of financial consumer protection made by Pakistan's Ministry of Finance (MoF), the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), and the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP). The review consists of two volumes. Volume one summarize the key findings and recommendations of the review and Volume two presents a detailed assessment of each financial segment compared against the good practices for financial consumer protection. The key findings and recommendations in volume one cover five areas: (i) the institutional, legal, and regulatory framework for consumer protection; (ii) disclosure; (iii) business practices; (iv) dispute resolution mechanisms; and (v) financial education. Priority recommendations are outlined in table one; a more detailed list of recommendations is included in annex one 40 17-11-21 00:18:49.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871923 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18658 Volltext, Open Access

1759727350

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727350 OCoLC 1255600315 WBOKR 18657 EBP 064562387 KEP 064562387 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18657 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Islamic Republic of Pakistan Diagnostic Review of Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy, Volume 1. Key Findings and Recommendations World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ATM s ATMS s AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK BRANCHES s BANK CUSTOMERS s BANK LENDING s BANKERS ASSOCIATION s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING PRODUCTS s BANKS s BASIC FINANCIAL LITERACY s BASIC FINANCIAL TOPICS s BENEFICIARIES s BORROWER s BORROWING s BROKERAGE s BROKERAGE FIRMS s BUDGETING s BUSINESS PRACTICES s CALCULATION s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET INVESTOR s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH FLOW s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY s CODE OF CONDUCT s CODES OF CONDUCT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMPREHENSIVE FINANCIAL EDUCATION s CONFIDENCE OF INVESTORS s CONFIDENTIALITY s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONSUMER s CONSUMER COMPLAINTS s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONSUMER DISCLOSURE s CONSUMER FINANCE s CONSUMER ISSUES s CONSUMER LENDING s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMER PROTECTION LAWS s CONSUMER PROTECTION MEASURES s CONSUMER RIGHTS s CONSUMER UNDERSTANDING s CONSUMERS s CONTRIBUTIONS s CREDIT CARDS s CREDIT PRODUCTS s CREDITWORTHINESS s DAY-TO-DAY MONEY MANAGEMENT s DEALING WITH BANK s DEBT s DEBT COLLECTION s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DECEPTIVE PRACTICES s DELIVERY MECHANISMS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DISCLOSURE DOCUMENTS s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DISCLOSURE STANDARDS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s EDUCATION PROGRAM s EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s FAMILY MEMBERS s FINANCE PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL ARRANGEMENTS s FINANCIAL CONCEPTS s FINANCIAL CONSUMER s FINANCIAL EDUCATION s FINANCIAL EDUCATION INITIATIVES s FINANCIAL EDUCATION PROGRAM s FINANCIAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS s FINANCIAL EXCLUSION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL LITERACY CURRICULUM s FINANCIAL LITERACY INITIATIVES s FINANCIAL LITERACY PROGRAM s FINANCIAL PRODUCT s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL REGULATORS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR POLICIES s FINANCIAL SECTOR POLICY s FINANCIAL SECTORS s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SERVICES AUTHORITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL TOOLS s FORMAL EDUCATION s FRAUD s FUTURES s GENERAL POPULATION s GENERAL PUBLIC s HEALTH INSURANCE s INFLATION s INFORMATION TO CONSUMERS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE POLICY s INSURER s INSURERS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACCOUNT s INVESTMENT ACCOUNTS s INVESTMENT DECISION s INVESTMENT POLICIES s INVESTOR EDUCATION s INVESTOR PROTECTION s JURISDICTION s LACK OF INFORMATION s LARGE BANKS s LEGAL ENVIRONMENT s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL SYSTEM s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LOAN s LOAN APPLICATION s LOAN OFFICERS s LOAN UNDERWRITING s LOW-INCOME s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s LOWER-INCOME INDIVIDUALS s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKETING s MASS MEDIA s MEDIA CAMPAIGN s MEDIA CAMPAIGNS s MEDIUM ENTERPRISE s MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s MICROFINANCE s MOBILE BANKING s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE PHONES s MONTHLY INCOME s MORTGAGES s MUTUAL FUND s MUTUAL FUNDS s NEW PRODUCTS s PENSIONS s PHONE BANKING s PORTFOLIO s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s PRIVACY s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PROBABILITY s PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS s PROFIT SHARING s PRUDENT FINANCIAL DECISIONS s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PUBLIC CONFIDENCE s QUESTIONNAIRE s RAPID GROWTH s REGISTRATION OF SECURITIES s REGULATOR s REGULATORY BODIES s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENTS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REGULATORY GAPS s REGULATORY REQUIREMENT s REPUTATION s RESPONSIBILITIES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT AGE s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAFETY NET s SALE s SALES s SAVERS s SAVINGS s SAVINGS PROGRAMS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKETS s SENIOR s SOURCE OF INFORMATION s STAKEHOLDER s STAKEHOLDERS s STATE BANK s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s SUPERVISORY AGENCIES s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL COSTS s TRADES s TRANSPARENCY s TRUST FUND s TYPICAL INVESTOR s UNEXPECTED EXPENSES s VALUABLE s VALUATION s WITHDRAWAL English en_US The diagnostic review for Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy (CPFL) provides a detailed assessment of the institutional, legal, and regulatory framework in four segments of the financial sector: banking, microfinance, securities, and insurance. The review took place in response to a request for World Bank technical assistance in the field of financial consumer protection made by Pakistan's Ministry of Finance (MoF), the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), and the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP). The review consists of two volumes. Volume one summarize the key findings and recommendations of the review and Volume two presents a detailed assessment of each financial segment compared against the good practices for financial consumer protection. The key findings and recommendations in volume one cover five areas: (i) the institutional, legal, and regulatory framework for consumer protection; (ii) disclosure; (iii) business practices; (iv) dispute resolution mechanisms; and (v) financial education. Priority recommendations are outlined in table one; a more detailed list of recommendations is included in annex one 40 17-11-21 00:18:50.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871931 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18657 Volltext, Open Access

1759727369

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727369 OCoLC 1255600247 WBOKR 18670 EBP 064562379 KEP 064562379 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18670 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Cameroon Economic Update, January 2014, Issue No. 7 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Cameroon economic update issue no. 7 Africa Cameroon s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO TEXTBOOKS s ACHIEVEMENT s ADULT ILLITERACY s ADULT ILLITERACY RATE s ADULT LITERACY s AVERAGE SCORE s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC EDUCATION SYSTEM s CLASSROOM s CURRICULUM s DISABLED CHILDREN s DROP-OUTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION FOR ALL s EDUCATION MANAGEMENT s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SPENDING s EDUCATION STATISTICS s EFFECTS OF EDUCATION s ETHNIC MINORITIES s EXAM s EXAMS s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER GAP s GENDER PARITY s GENDER PARITY INDEX s GIRLS s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE s LEARNING s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s PRIMARY COMPLETION s PRIMARY COMPLETION RATE s PRIMARY COMPLETION RATES s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY GROSS ENROLLMENT s PRIMARY GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE s PRINTING s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION s PUPIL-TEACHER RATIO s PUPIL-TEACHER RATIOS s PUPIL-TEXTBOOK RATIO s PUPILS s PUPILS PER TEACHER s REFUGEES s RURAL AREAS s SCHOOL FEES s SCHOOL LIFE s SCHOOL PERFORMANCE s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s STUDENT LEARNING s TEACHER ATTRITION s TEACHER SHORTAGE s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING MATERIALS s TEXTBOOK s TEXTBOOK POLICY s TEXTBOOK PROVISION s TEXTBOOK PROVISION SYSTEM s TEXTBOOKS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s VULNERABLE CHILDREN English en_US The Cameroon economic updates aim at sharing knowledge and stimulating debate among those interested in improving the economic management of Cameroon and unleashing its enormous potential. The notes thereby offer another voice on economic issues in Cameroon, and an additional platform for engagement, learning, and exchange. The average observed economic growth rate from 2010 to 2013 is a mere four percent, one percentage point below the vision 2035 targets. Achieving the official objectives set for 2020 will require Cameroon to move to double digit annual growth rates over the 2014-2020 period, compared to the 4.8 to 5.4 percent projected by the World Bank. This report looks at the quality of basic education to ensure that the right investments are made in people to build human capital, a key ingredient for sustainable economic growth. Cameroon has achieved significant progress over the last decade in expanding access to basic education. The number of students completing primary school, the primary completion rate, rose from 53 percent in 2001 to about 80 percent in 2011. The improvements in access to education also mask significant differences in education performance across and within individual regions, as well as between gender and income groups. The economic update suggests improving data collection in order to better monitor education service provision, assess more systematically student learning, increase in budget allocation to education as a whole, reprioritize public spending to the zones d'education prioritaires (Education Priority Zones) (ZEPs), ensure transparency in budget allocation, and revisit the textbook policy to ensure durability and affordability 40 17-11-21 00:18:50.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987194X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18670 Volltext, Open Access

1759727377

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727377 OCoLC 1255600117 WBOKR 18668 EBP 064562360 KEP 064562360 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18668 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bangladesh, a Middle Income Country by 2021 What Will it Take in Terms of Poverty Reduction? Lea Gimenez VerfasserIn aut Dean Jolliffe VerfasserIn aut Iffath Sharif VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Bangladesh South Asia s ANNUAL GROWTH s AVERAGE GROWTH s AVERAGE GROWTH RATE s CHANGES IN POVERTY s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s COUNTERFACTUAL s CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION s DECLINE IN POVERTY s DECLINE IN POVERTY RATES s DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMICS LETTERS s EXTREME POVERTY s FOOD PRICES s GDP s GINI COEFFICIENT s GINI INDEX s GROSS ELASTICITY s GROWTH COMPONENT s GROWTH ELASTICITY s GROWTH PROCESS s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEADCOUNT RATIO s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY CONSTANT s LABOR FORCE s LOW INCOME s MEAN EXPENDITURE s MEAN GROWTH s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY HEADCOUNT s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NEGATIVE EFFECT s NET ELASTICITY s PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE s POINT DECLINE s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POOR s POOR HOUSEHOLD s POOR PEOPLE s POORER HOUSEHOLD s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY DECLINE s POVERTY DEPTH s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY GAP INDEX s POVERTY HEAD s POVERTY HEADCOUNT INDEX s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATE s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATES s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INDEX s POVERTY INDICES s POVERTY LEVEL s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY MEASURES s POVERTY MONITORING s POVERTY POVERTY s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY TARGET s POVERTY THRESHOLD s PRO-POOR s PRO-POOR GROWTH s REDUCING POVERTY s RELATIVE INEQUALITY s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL PHENOMENON s SEASONAL VARIATIONS s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL POVERTY s URBAN AREAS s URBAN GROWTH s WELFARE MEASURE English en_US The vision 2021 plan and the associated perspective plan 2010-2021, adopted by the Government of Bangladesh lay out a series of development targets for 2021. Among the core targets identified to monitor the progress toward the vision 2021 objectives is that of attaining a poverty headcount of 14 percent by 2021. The purpose of this paper is to answer the following question: given Bangladesh's performance in poverty reduction over the last decades, can the author expect the proportion of the country's population living in poverty to be 14 percent by 2022? Using data from the last three household income and expenditures survey, we examine changes in poverty rates during 2000-2010, estimate net elasticity of poverty reduction to growth in per-capita expenditure, and then project poverty headcounts into the future. Our poverty projections based on the last three Household Income and Expenditure Surveys (HIES) surveys suggest that Bangladesh will achieve its Millennium Development Goal, or MDG goal of halving its poverty headcount to 28.5 percent by 2015 significantly ahead of schedule. Attaining the vision 2021 poverty target of 14 percent by 2021, however, is less certain as it requires a Gross Domestic Product, or GDP growth of at least 8 percent, or more than 2 percentage points higher than that observed in recent years 40 17-11-21 00:18:50.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871958 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18668 Volltext, Open Access

1759727385

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727385 OCoLC 1255600391 WBOKR 18662 EBP 064562352 KEP 064562352 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18662 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Practice of Responsible Investment Principles in Larger-Scale Agricultural Investments Implications for Corporate Performance and Impact on Local Communities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Agriculture and environmental services discussion paper No. 8 s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENTS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s BARLEY s BIDDING s BUSINESS PRACTICES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL STOCK s CARBON s CASH FLOW s CERTIFICATION PROCESSES s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICES s COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT s COMPANY MANAGEMENT s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER s CORPORATE INVESTMENT s CORPORATE INVESTORS s CORPORATE PERFORMANCE s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DISCLOSURE s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DOMESTIC INVESTOR s DOMESTIC INVESTORS s DUE DILIGENCE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITIES s ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY s ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS s ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s FARMS s FINANCE CORPORATION s FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FISHERIES s FIXED CAPITAL s FOOD PRICE s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTOR s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FORESTRY s HOLDING s HOST COUNTRIES s HOST COUNTRY s HOST ECONOMIES s HOST GOVERNMENT s HOST GOVERNMENTS s HOUSING s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMAN RIGHTS s INCOMES s INCORPORATED COMPANIES s INSTRUMENT s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT FLOWS s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO s INVESTMENT PROCESSING s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s JOB CREATION s JOINT VENTURE s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND USE s LEGAL RIGHTS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MARKET ACCESS s MICROFINANCE s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES s OIL s OUTPUT s POLICY MAKERS s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s PRICE SETTING s PRIVATE EQUITY s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTORS s PROFITABILITY s PUBLIC DISCLOSURE s QUALITY STANDARDS s RED TAPE s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMOTE AREAS s RESPONSIBLE INVESTMENT s RISK ASSESSMENTS s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TIMBER s TRADERS s TRADING s TRADITIONAL INVESTORS s TRANSPARENCY s VALUATION s VALUATIONS s WITHDRAWAL English en_US This report presents findings from a field-based survey on the conduct of agricultural operations at 39 large-scale, mature agribusiness investments in sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. The objective of the report is to provide first-hand, practical knowledge of the approach, behavior, and experience of these investments, their relationships with surrounding communities and the consequent positive and/or negative outcomes for these communities, host countries, other stakeholders, and the investors themselves. More than 550 community stakeholders were interviewed about the impacts the investments had on those they represented. These impressions and ideas of local communities enriched this study and provided unique insights into what factors are at play, and their impact on those most directly affected by outside investments. The lessons learned and good practices identified are intended to inform the work of government bodies, investors, non-governmental organizations, development agencies, and other institutions that promote responsible investment in agriculture 40 17-11-21 00:18:50.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871966 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18662 Volltext, Open Access

1759727393

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727393 OCoLC 1255600060 WBOKR 18633 EBP 064562344 KEP 064562344 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18633 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Afghanistan Economic Update, April 2014 Omar Joya VerfasserIn aut Faruk Khan VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Afghanistan South Asia s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ADVICE TO GOVERNMENT s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL SECTORS s AGRICULTURE s AID DEPENDENT s ANNUAL BUDGET s AUCTIONS s AUDITS s BANK FINANCING s BANKING SECTOR s BID s BROAD MONEY s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET EXPENDITURE s BUDGETING s BUSINESS CONFIDENCE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPITAL FLIGHT s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INJECTION s CENTRAL BANK s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REGISTRY s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICE s CONSUMER CONFIDENCE s CORRUPTION s CREDITS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s DECISION MAKING s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC REVENUE s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEPENDENCY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC SECTOR WORK s ENROLLMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE REGIME s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE OBLIGATIONS s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTER s EXPORTS s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL TRADE s FAMILIES s FAMILY BUSINESSES s FARMERS s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCING NEEDS s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FISCAL REVENUE s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED INVESTMENTS s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATE s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN GRANTS s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GINI COEFFICIENT s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENTS s GROWTH RATE s GUARANTEE AGENCY s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME s INCOME TAX s INCOMES s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL SECURITY s INVENTORIES s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACTIVITY s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE REFORMS s INVESTMENT EXPENDITURES s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s JOB CREATION s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s M2 s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET PENETRATION s MEDIUM-TERM MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK s MICROFINANCE s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MOBILE PHONE s MONEY GROWTH s MONEY SUPPLY s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET CAPITAL s OPEN MARKET s OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS s OUTPUTS s OUTREACH s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PHYSICAL CAPITAL s PLEDGES s POLITICAL ECONOMY s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRIVATIZATION s PROFITABILITY s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SPENDING s RAPID GROWTH s RATE OF RETURN s REAL GDP s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REFORM PROGRAM s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY OVERSIGHT s RESERVE s REVENUE GROWTH s RISK MANAGEMENT s RULE OF LAW s SALES TAX s SAVINGS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SOCIAL OUTCOMES s SOCIAL PROTECTION s STRUCTURAL REFORM s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAINS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BASE s TAX EVASION s TAX PAYMENTS s TAX REVENUES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELEPHONE NETWORKS s TIME DEPOSITS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRANSPARENCY s TRUST FUND s UNCERTAINTY s VALUATION s VOLATILITY English en_US Economic growth slowed considerably to 3.6 percent (estimated) in 2013 despite robust agricultural production, as heightened uncertainty surrounding the political and security transition led to a slump in investor and consumer confidence. Growth is projected to remain weak in 2014, while a smooth political and security transition would help restore confidence in the economy and enable a pickup in growth in 2015. Revenue collection continued to weaken in 2013, while Afghanistan's large security expenditure obligations and high aid dependence pose the risk of crowding out important civilian operating and development spending. Domestic revenues declined to 9.5 percent of GDP in 2013 from 10.3 percent in 2012 and the peak of 11.6 percent in 2011. The decline in revenue collections is a result of the economic slowdown as well as weaknesses in enforcement in both tax and customs administration. In light of tight resources, austerity measures in 2013 disproportionately affected civilian expenditures as security expenditures have continued to grow. A concerted effort will be required going forward to improve revenue mobilization, while at the same time safeguarding important civilian spending. In addition to managing the transition related uncertainty and underperformance, Afghanistan will need to stay focused on its medium term structural reform goals, which include: (i) ensuring fiscal sustainability by mobilizing revenue, securing grant assistance, and safeguarding non-security expenditures; (ii) supporting inclusive and job-creating private-sector led growth by unlocking the potential of the agriculture, services, and natural resource sectors and by tapping the potential of regional integration; (iii) continuing to improve upon the still low levels of human capital and skills; and (iv) continuing to strengthen institutions and governance 40 17-11-21 00:18:50.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871974 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18633 Volltext, Open Access

1759727407

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727407 OCoLC 1255600025 WBOKR 18661 EBP 064562336 KEP 064562336 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18661 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Women's Role in Afghanistan's Future Taking Stock of Achievements and Continued Challenges World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Afghanistan South Asia s ADOLESCENT GIRLS s AWARENESS TRAINING s BARRIERS TO WOMEN s BIRTH SPACING s CASES OF VIOLENCE s CHILD MARRIAGES s CHILD MORTALITY s CO-EDUCATION s COMMITMENTS TO WOMEN s CONTRACEPTION s CONTRACEPTIVE USE s COUNTRY GENDER ASSESSMENT s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT s ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT s ECONOMICS OF GENDER s EDUCATING GIRLS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ELIMINATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s EMERGENCY OBSTETRIC CARE s EQUAL RIGHTS s EQUALITY POLICY s FAMILY PLANNING s FEMALE CIVIL SERVANTS s FEMALE EMPLOYEES s FEMALE FARMERS s FEMALE INFANTICIDE s FEMALE LITERACY s FEMALE MORTALITY s FEMALE STAFF s FEMALE STUDENTS s FEMALE STUDENTS s FEMALE TEACHERS s FEMALE TEACHERS s FEMALE VICTIMS s FORCED MARRIAGES s GENDER ASSESSMENT s GENDER AWARENESS s GENDER AWARENESS TRAINING s GENDER CONCERNS s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER DISPARITY s GENDER DISTRIBUTION s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER EQUALITY POLICY s GENDER EQUITY s GENDER FOCAL POINTS s GENDER GAP s GENDER GAPS s GENDER GAPS IN ACCESS s GENDER INEQUALITY s GENDER ISSUES s GENDER MAINSTREAMING s GENDER MAINSTREAMING STRATEGY s GENDER PERSPECTIVES s GENDER RELATIONS s GENDER ROLES s GENDER SEGREGATION s GENDER STEREOTYPES s GENDER STRATEGIES s GENDER UNITS s HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION s JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN s LOCAL WOMEN s MAINSTREAMING OF GENDER PERSPECTIVES s MATERNAL DEATHS s MATERNAL HEALTH s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MIDWIFERY TRAINING s MIDWIVES s MINISTRY OF WOMEN s OBSTETRIC CARE s OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN s POLYGAMY s PREGNANCY s PREGNANT WOMEN s PREGNANT WOMEN s PROFESSIONAL WOMEN s PROGRESS TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY s PROPORTION OF GIRLS s PROPORTION OF GIRLS s RAPE s REPRODUCTIVE AGE s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s RIGHTS FOR WOMEN s RIGHTS OF WOMEN s ROLE OF WOMEN s ROLE OF WOMEN s RURAL WOMEN s SEX RATIO s SEX WORKERS s SEXES s STATUS OF WOMEN s UNICEF s URBAN WOMEN s VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s WOMEN IN EDUCATION English en_US This report assesses the ... 40 17-11-21 00:18:50.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871982 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18661 Volltext, Open Access

1759727415

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:12.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727415 OCoLC 1255600412 WBOKR 18653 EBP 064562328 KEP 064562328 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18653 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Nepal Economic Update, April 2014 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Nepal South Asia s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s AUCTION s AUDITING s BALANCE OF PAYMENT s BALANCE SHEET s BANK BALANCE SHEETS s BANK LENDING s BANK LIQUIDITY s BANK RATE s BANK RATES s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BID s BONDS s BORROWER s BROAD MONEY s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUDGETING s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CENTRAL BANK s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s COUNTRY RISKS s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT AVAILABILITY s CREDIT CRUNCH s CREDIT EXPANSION s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT MARKET s CREDIT MARKETS s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RATIONING s CREDIT SOURCE s CREDIT WORTHINESS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s DEBT s DEBT SOURCE s DEFAULT RISK s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT MOBILIZATION s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPMENT BONDS s DISBURSEMENTS s DISINTERMEDIATION s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEBT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICY s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK s FORM OF COLLATERAL s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s HOLDING s HOME LOANS s HOUSEHOLD SAVINGS s INCOME TAX s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY EXPECTATIONS s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMATION ASYMMETRIES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE CAPS s INTEREST RATE SPREAD s INTEREST RATE VOLATILITY s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT SPENDING s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s LACK OF COMPETITION s LAND LOCATION s LAND USE s LAND VALUE s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LENDER s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LENDERS s LETTERS OF CREDIT s LEVEL OF INTEREST RATE s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS s LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT s LOAN s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOANABLE FUNDS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MACROECONOMIC RISK s MANDATES s MARKET FAILURES s MARKET LIQUIDITY s MARKET SHARE s MARKET STRUCTURE s MIDDLEMEN s MIGRANT WORKERS s MONETARY AUTHORITIES s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY SUPPLY s MORTGAGES s NET LOSSES s NET PROFIT s NON PERFORMING LOANS s OPEN MARKET s OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS s OPERATING LOSSES s PAYMENT DEFAULT s PERSONAL INCOME s POLICY RESPONSE s POLITICAL STABILITY s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE COMMERCIAL BANKS s PRIVATE FINANCE s PRIVATE FUNDS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE PARTY s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRODUCTIVE INVESTMENT s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s PUSH FACTORS s REAL ESTATE s RECAPITALIZATION s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REGISTRATION FEE s REGULATORY FORBEARANCE s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPO s REPOS s RESERVE s RESERVE ASSETS s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESERVES s RETAINED EARNINGS s RETURN s RETURN ON EQUITY s RETURNS s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s RISK PROFILE s RISK WEIGHTED ASSETS s RISKY ASSETS s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS BEHAVIOR s SAVINGS DEPOSITS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKET s SHAREHOLDERS s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOLVENCY s STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS s STOCK MARKET s STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS s SUPPLY OF CREDIT s T-BILL s T-BILL RATE s T-BILLS s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX CODE s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRANSPORT s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s TRUST FUND s URBANIZATION s VALUATION s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY English en_US The enabling environment for the development of Nepal has improved, but opportunities need to be effectively leveraged through focused policy action. Nepal has significant resources in the form of remittances from abroad, but the economy cannot use these resources in a productive manner to enhance the overall welfare of all citizens. Specific priorities for development include: (1) creating a growth promotion vision and agenda; (2) resolution of Nepal's "fiscal paradox"; (3) boosting investments; and (4) tackling enduring financial sector risks and managing excess. After a difficult year in FY13, the economy is poised to recover, albeit modestly. In FY13, Nepal achieved only modest growth of 3.6 percent. This was due largely to poor performance of the agricultural sector as well as very modest levels of industrial activity. Nepal s internal and external balances are sound but not for the right reasons. Low expenditure and robust revenue growth accounted for a large budget surplus and declining debt. Nepal s external position is comfortable because of large remittance inflows. On the external side, Nepal has benefited from the depreciation of the rupee but also - and much more significantly - from a sharp further increase in inward remittances which are expected to amount to over 30 percent of GDP in FY14. Monetary policy has sought to achieve a delicate equilibrium between controlling inflation and supporting economic activity but the optimal balance may evolve and call for corrections. For FY14, the outlook is cautiously optimistic. As remittances have become a defining feature of the Nepali economy the country must learn to manage excess liquidity 40 17-11-21 00:18:50.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939871990 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18653 Volltext, Open Access

1759727423

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727423 OCoLC 1255600426 WBOKR 18655 EBP 06456231X KEP 06456231X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18655 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Nepal Development Update, April 2014 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Nepal South Asia s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AUCTION s AUDITING s BALANCE OF PAYMENT s BALANCE SHEET s BANK BALANCE SHEETS s BANK LENDING s BANK LIQUIDITY s BANK RATES s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BID s BONDS s BORROWER s BROAD MONEY s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUDGETING s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CD s CENTRAL BANK s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s COUNTRY RISKS s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT AVAILABILITY s CREDIT CRUNCH s CREDIT EXPANSION s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT MARKET s CREDIT MARKETS s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RATIONING s CREDIT WORTHINESS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s DEBT s DEBT SOURCE s DEFAULT RISK s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT MOBILIZATION s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPMENT BANKS s DEVELOPMENT BONDS s DISBURSEMENTS s DISINTERMEDIATION s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEBT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICY s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK s FORM OF COLLATERAL s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s HOLDING s HOME LOANS s HOUSEHOLD SAVINGS s INCOME TAX s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY EXPECTATIONS s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMATION ASYMMETRIES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE CAPS s INTEREST RATE SPREAD s INTEREST RATE VOLATILITY s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT SPENDING s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s LACK OF COMPETITION s LAND LOCATION s LAND USE s LAND VALUE s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LENDER s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LENDERS s LETTERS OF CREDIT s LEVEL OF INTEREST RATE s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS s LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT s LOAN s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOANABLE FUNDS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MACROECONOMIC RISK s MANDATES s MARKET FAILURES s MARKET LIQUIDITY s MARKET SHARE s MARKET STRUCTURE s MIGRANT WORKERS s MONETARY AUTHORITIES s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY SUPPLY s MORTGAGES s NET LOSSES s NET PROFIT s NON PERFORMING LOANS s OPEN MARKET s OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS s OPERATING LOSSES s PAYMENT DEFAULT s PERSONAL INCOME s POLICY RESPONSE s POLITICAL STABILITY s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE COMMERCIAL BANKS s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE FINANCE s PRIVATE FUNDS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE PARTY s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRODUCTIVE INVESTMENT s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s PUSH FACTORS s REAL ESTATE s RECAPITALIZATION s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REGISTRATION FEE s REGULATORY FORBEARANCE s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPO s REPOS s RESERVE s RESERVE ASSETS s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESERVES s RETAINED EARNINGS s RETURN s RETURN ON EQUITY s RETURNS s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s RISK PROFILE s RISK WEIGHTED ASSETS s RISKY ASSETS s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS BEHAVIOR s SAVINGS DEPOSITS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKET s SHAREHOLDERS s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOLVENCY s STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS s STOCK MARKET s STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS s SUPPLY OF CREDIT s T-BILL s T-BILLS s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX CODE s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRANSPORT s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s TRUST FUND s URBANIZATION s VALUATION s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY English en_US The enabling environment for the development of Nepal has improved, but opportunities need to be effectively leveraged through focused policy action. Nepal has significant resources in the form of remittances from abroad, but the economy cannot use these resources in a productive manner to enhance the overall welfare of all citizens. Specific priorities for development include: (1) creating a growth promotion vision and agenda; (2) resolution of Nepal s fiscal paradox ; (3) boosting investments; and (4) tackling enduring financial sector risks and managing excess. After a difficult year in FY13, the economy is poised to recover, albeit modestly. In FY13, Nepal achieved only modest growth of 3.6 percent. This was due largely to poor performance of the agricultural sector as well as very modest levels of industrial activity. Nepal s internal and external balances are sound but not for the right reasons. Low expenditure and robust revenue growth accounted for a large budget surplus and declining debt. Nepal s external position is comfortable because of large remittance inflows. On the external side, Nepal has benefited from the depreciation of the rupee but also and much more significantly- from a sharp further increase in inward remittances which are expected to amount to over 30 percent of GDP in FY14. Monetary policy has sought to achieve a delicate equilibrium between controlling inflation and supporting economic activity but the optimal balance may evolve and call for corrections. For FY14, the outlook is cautiously optimistic. As remittances have become a defining feature of the Nepali economy the country must learn to manage excess liquidity 40 17-11-21 00:18:50.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872008 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18655 Volltext, Open Access

1759727431

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727431 OCoLC 1255600326 WBOKR 18654 EBP 064562301 KEP 064562301 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18654 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Maldives Development Update, April 2014 Kishan Abeygunawardana VerfasserIn aut Camilo Gomez Osorio VerfasserIn aut Shalika Subasinghe VerfasserIn aut Changqing Sun VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Maldives South Asia s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AFFORDABILITY s AGRICULTURE s ARBITRATION s ARREARS s BALANCE OF PAYMENT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK LENDING s BANKING PROJECT s BENEFICIARIES s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS REGULATIONS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKET s CASH MANAGEMENT s COMMERCIAL BORROWING s COMPETITIVENESS s CONTROLLED PRICES s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEBT FINANCING s DEFICIT FINANCING s DEFICITS s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKET s DOMESTIC INFLATION s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EDUCATION SYSTEM s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYER s EMPLOYERS s ENROLLMENT s ENROLMENT RATE s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPATRIATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTS s EXPOSURE s FINANCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FISCAL BURDEN s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FORMAL BANKING s GDP PER CAPITA s GENDER s GOVERNMENT FINANCES s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s HIGH INTEREST RATES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPORT DUTY s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INSOLVENCY REGIME s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT INSTRUMENT s INVESTMENT OPTIONS s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s LEGAL PROTECTIONS s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LOW-INCOME COUNTRY s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SIZE s MATURITY s MDP s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MOBILE PHONE s MONETARY AUTHORITY s NET WORTH s OIL PRICES s PENSION s PENSION LAW s PENSION PROVISIONS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEM REFORM s PENSIONS s PHONE BANKING s POLITICAL STABILITY s POWER PARITY s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROTECTION OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC SCHOOLS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC SERVANTS s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC UTILITY s REAL GDP s REAL GROWTH RATE s RECEIPTS s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RESERVES s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE GRANTS s REVENUE TRANSFERS s SAFETY NET s SOCIAL COSTS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL WELFARE s T-BILLS s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADING s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s TRUST FUND s TRUST FUNDS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s WAGES s WELFARE STATES s WORLD MARKETS English en_US Real GDP growth in Maldives stood at 3.7 percent in 2013 and its outlook is positive at 4.5 percent for 2014. The tourism demand is slowly picking up and has a positive impact on growth in the non- tourism sectors. Chinese tourists continue to compensate for the weaker demand from Europe, but overall the length of stay has declined, as well as spending per tourist. Growth while dynamic was less inclusive, as the tourism industry is operating on an enclave model of development. The share of GDP from the primary sector, agriculture, mining and fisheries that employ the largest share of Maldivians in the outer atolls, was less than 0.3 percent of GDP in 2013. Loose fiscal policy in a context of moderating economic growth has led to rising macroeconomic imbalances. While revenue collection has been strong, over the past five years the gap between revenues and expenditures has widened, financed through unsustainable levels of public debt at increasing interest rates. The 2014 Budget comes with a record high envelope of MVR 17.95 billion (around 50 percent of GDP), about MVR 3 billion in new revenue measures, and an estimated 3.2 percent financing gap. Financing such high level of spending and meeting this ambitious financing gap would be difficult. Cash management will be tight through 2014. Inflation moderated to 6 percent in 2013 in 2013 although food inflation remained high 40 17-11-21 00:18:50.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872016 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18654 Volltext, Open Access

175972744X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972744X OCoLC 1255600434 WBOKR 18659 EBP 064562298 KEP 064562298 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18659 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tajikistan Strong Growth, Rising Risks World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Tajikistan economic report no. 5 Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AMORTIZATION s ARREARS s AUDITS s AVERAGE EXCHANGE RATE s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BORROWER s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGETING s BUFFERS s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL GOODS s COAL s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER BASKET s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CPI s CREDIT DECISIONS s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT INFORMATION BUREAU s CREDIT RISK s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CUSTOMS DUTIES s CUSTOMS DUTY s DEFAULT RATES s DEMOGRAPHICS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENVIRONMENTAL s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENTS s EXCHANGE RATE POLICIES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT COMMODITIES s EXPORT GOODS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEMAND s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED INVESTMENT s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATE s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATE REGIME s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY RESERVES s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN RESERVES s FORESTRY s FORGIVENESS s FUTURES s FUTURES MARKETS s GLOBAL MARKET s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEBT MARKET s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS CAPITAL FORMATION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMMOVABLE PROPERTY s IMPORT s IMPORT GROWTH s IMPORTS s INCOME LEVEL s INFLATION s INFLATION DYNAMICS s INFORMATION ON BORROWERS s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL PRICES s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVENTORY s INVESTING s INVESTMENT BANKS s INVESTMENT EXPENDITURES s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDERS s LIQUIDITY s LOAN AGREEMENTS s LOAN PROCESSING s LOAN RATE s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL MARKET s MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MAJOR CURRENCIES s MARKET CONCENTRATION s MARKET DEVELOPMENTS s MARKET REFORMS s MARKET REQUIREMENTS s MATURITY s MICROFINANCE s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL BANK s NOMINAL DEPRECIATION s NOMINAL DEVALUATION s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s PENSIONS s POPULATION GROWTH s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SPENDING s RATE OF GROWTH s REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s REAL WAGE GROWTH s REAL WAGES s REGISTRATION SYSTEM s REGULATORY REFORMS s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s RESERVES s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s RETURNS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SECTOR REFORM s SECTOR REFORMS s SHORTFALL s SLOWDOWN s SLOWDOWNS s SOFT BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s STABLE EXCHANGE RATE s STABLE GROWTH s STOCKS s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUPPLY SIDE s SURPLUS s TAX s TAX CODE s TOTAL DEPOSITS s TOTAL EXPORT s TOTAL EXPORTS s TOTAL IMPORT s TOTAL IMPORTS s TRADE ACCOUNT s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE BARRIERS s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADING s TRADING PARTNERS s TRANSMISSION MECHANISM s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TREASURIES s TREASURY s UNCERTAINTY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VULNERABILITY TO SHOCKS s WAGES s WAREHOUSE s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s WORLD ECONOMY s WORLD TRADE English en_US Tajikistan's economy grew at higher-than-projected rate of 7.4 percent in 2013 on the back of record high inflow of remittances. High remittances fueled private consumption and investment. Meanwhile, weaker external demand and lower prices for aluminum and cotton adversely affected exports and resulted in a widening of the current account deficit. Inflation was reduced to a record low because of the limited increase in food prices and stable exchange rate. The fiscal deficit widened because of higher investment expenditures and a reduction in nontax revenues. The overall fiscal picture is likely to be different than official statistics suggests because of soft budget constraints on state-owned enterprises, continued directed lending by banks, and other quasi-fiscal risks. The economy remains vulnerable to shocks, and the fiscal and debt position remains weak because of the country's remittance-driven growth model, narrow export base, high dependence on concessional financing, and large infrastructure. In addition, amortization of existing foreign debt is increasing sharply. Real wage growth in excess of productivity growth further deteriorated the country competitiveness. Weak governance and financial sector accountability and the poor business climate hold back development in the financial sector and in the government debt market. The government is aiming for at least 7.5 percent growth in the medium term as well as a reduction in the poverty headcount to 30 percent by 2015 and further to 20 percent by 2020. In order to meet these objectives, the government needs to accelerate reforms aimed at improving the institutional environment for private-sector-led growth and job creation. Future growth and poverty reduction will depend on its success in overcoming the binding constraints to diversified development and in reducing the costs and increasing the profitability of potential private investments 40 17-11-21 00:18:50.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872024 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18659 Volltext, Open Access

1759727458

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727458 OCoLC 1255600440 WBOKR 18672 EBP 06456228X KEP 06456228X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18672 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Fiduciary Systems Assessment Maharashtra Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Program World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK s ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES s ACTION PLAN s ADVERTISEMENTS s ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION s ANNUAL PROCUREMENT s ANTI-CORRUPTION s ANTICORRUPTION s ANTICORRUPTION AGENCIES s ASSETS s AUDITOR s AWARD OF CONTRACT s BANKS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BID DOCUMENTS s BIDDER s BIDDERS s BIDDING s BIDDING DOCUMENTS s BIDS s BRIBE s BRIBERY s BRIBES s BUDGETARY ALLOCATION s BUDGETARY ALLOCATIONS s BUDGETARY FRAMEWORK s CAPACITY BUILDING s CERTIFICATE s CERTIFICATION s CIVIL SOCIETY s COLLUSION s COLLUSIVE PRACTICES s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s CONCLUSION OF CONTRACTS s CONSULTING FIRM s CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION s CONTRACT AWARD s CONTRACT AWARD INFORMATION s CONTRACT DURATION s CONTRACT MANAGEMENT s CONTRACTOR s CONTRACTORS s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATION s CORRECTIVE ACTION s CORRUPT s CORRUPT PRACTICES s CORRUPTION s CORRUPTION ACT s COST ESTIMATE s CRIMINAL s CRIMINAL MISCONDUCT s DELIVERY OF GOODS s DEPENDENT s DEPOSIT s DISBURSEMENT s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISM s DOCUMENTS FOR WORKS s DOMAIN s E-PROCUREMENT s EMBEZZLEMENT s EVALUATION CRITERIA s EVALUATION OF BIDS s EVALUATION PROCESS s EVALUATION SYSTEM s EXTERNAL AUDIT s EXTERNAL AUDITING s FIDUCIARY RESPONSIBILITY s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FRAUD s GOVERNANCE SYSTEMS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES s GPS s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSPECTION s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTEGRITY s INVESTIGATION s JURISDICTION s MAKING PAYMENTS s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MANDATE s MATERIAL s NEGOTIATIONS s OPEN COMPETITIVE BIDDING s PAYMENT GATEWAYS s PERFORMANCE INDICATOR s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PETTY CORRUPTION s POLICE s POLICE OFFICERS s POTENTIAL BIDDERS s PRICE COMPARISON s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT ACTIONS s PROCUREMENT CAPACITY s PROCUREMENT CONTRACTS s PROCUREMENT ISSUES s PROCUREMENT MANUAL s PROCUREMENT METHODS s PROCUREMENT MONITORING s PROCUREMENT OF GOODS s PROCUREMENT OF SERVICES s PROCUREMENT OF WORKS s PROCUREMENT PERFORMANCE s PROCUREMENT PLAN s PROCUREMENT PLANNING s PROCUREMENT PLANS s PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PROCUREMENT REVIEW s PROCUREMENT STAFF s PROCUREMENT SYSTEM s PROCUREMENT SYSTEMS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC OFFICIALS s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY CONTROL s RECORD KEEPING s RELEASE OF FUNDS s REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS s RESOLUTION MECHANISMS s RESULTS s SANCTION s SANCTIONS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOCIAL ISSUES s STANDARD BIDDING s STANDARD BIDDING DOCUMENTS s STANDARD REQUEST s STANDARDIZATION s STATE GOVERNMENT s STATE POLICE s SUPERVISION s TARGETS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL STAFF s TENDER NOTICES s TENDERS s TIME FRAME s TRANSPARENCY s VIDEO s WINNING BIDDER English en_US A fiduciary systems assessment (FSA) was carried out to evaluate the arrangements relevant to the program and to determine whether they provide reasonable assurance that the program funds will be used for their intended purpose. Taking into account the improvements required and the agreement on the actions required to strengthen the systems (which are reflected in the program action plan (PAP), the overall fiduciary framework is considered adequate to support program management and to achieve desired results. Government of Maharashtra (GoM) has a well-developed budgetary framework that ensures allocation of adequate resources to all departments and programs. There is sufficient predictability in the availability of resources; however, to maintain transparency in GoM's financing, an exclusive budget line has been allocated to this program as is usually done by GoM for externally aided projects. Fiduciary arrangements in the sector are guided by several rules and legislations, including the state financial rules, public works department (PWD) manual, store purchase rules, Maharashtra jeevan pradhikaran (MJP) act, Zila Parishad (ZP) account code and the Bombay panchayat rules. The existing governance and accountability arrangements in water supply and sanitation department (WSSD) include the anti-corruption bureau, which enforces the prevention of corruption act, 1988; audits by the comptroller and auditor general (C and AG) of India, the country's premier auditor; right to information (RTI) act 2005; and WSSD's vigilance function and its grievance redress system (E-Pani) 40 17-11-21 00:18:51.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872032 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18672 Volltext, Open Access

1759727466

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727466 OCoLC 1255600447 WBOKR 18692 EBP 064562271 KEP 064562271 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18692 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kingdom of Morocco Climate Change Strategy Notes World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Morocco s ACIDIFICATION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s APPROACH s ASSESSMENTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s AVAILABILITY s BIOPHYSICAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s CARBON s CARBON FOOTPRINT s CHANGES IN PRICES s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION s CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES s CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY s CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY s CLIMATE IMPACTS s CLIMATE LEGISLATION s CLIMATE MITIGATION s CLIMATE MODELING s CLIMATE POLICY s CLIMATE PROOFING s CLIMATE SCENARIOS s CLIMATE VULNERABILITIES s CLIMATE VULNERABILITY s CLIMATIC SCENARIOS s CO2 s COAL s COLORS s COMMERCIAL ENERGY s COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS s CONVERGENCE s CORAL REEFS s DECISION MAKING s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DROUGHT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIC IMPACTS s ECONOMY-WIDE IMPACTS s EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s EMISSION s EMISSION REDUCTIONS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY SECURITY s ENERGY STRATEGY s ENERGY SUBSIDIES s ENERGY SUPPLY s ENERGY SYSTEMS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s EQUILIBRIUM s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURES s FEASIBILITY s FERTILIZATION s FISH s FISHERIES s FISHERIES MANAGEMENT s FISHING s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL s GHG s GLOBAL WARMING s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s HYDROLOGICAL DATA s IMPACT OF CLIMATE s IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPORTS s MARKET OUTCOMES s METEOROLOGY s MINES s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NEGATIVE IMPACTS s OIL s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s POLICY SCENARIO s PRECIPITATION s PRODUCTION PATTERNS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s QUOTAS s RAINFALL s RAINFALL PATTERNS s RAINFALL VARIABILITY s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE s SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH s SPILLOVER EFFECTS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TEMPERATURES s VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE s WIND English en_US This volume contains the individual reports produced under the World Bank program of economic and sector work (P-ESW) on supporting Morocco's climate change strategy. In 2008 the Government of Morocco asked the Bank's analytical and technical assistance on the policy implications of climate change. An initial policy note outlining the main drivers of climate vulnerability, as well as the relationship between climate mitigation and energy security for the country was presented to the Government. The deliverables under the program stem from analytical needs identified from various departments and agencies. Following the conference, a steering committee composed of the department of environment, the ministry for economic and general affairs, and the ministry of economy and finance was set up to oversee the preparation of various analytical outputs supporting the Government's climate policy. It was agreed that the P-ESW will deliver products immediately accessible to the various stakeholders in line with their climate policy objectives. The deliverables will be released as a set of strategy notes, whose content will feed into the development of the Government's sustainable development strategy. The P-ESW program was articulated in three main deliverable blocks: institutional and policy framework; decision support tools; and costing impacts and policies 40 17-11-21 00:18:51.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872040 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18692 Volltext, Open Access

1759727474

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727474 OCoLC 1255600372 WBOKR 18702 EBP 064562263 KEP 064562263 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18702 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Philippines PPP Options in Irrigation Sector World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Philippines s irrigation s public-private partnership English en_US This study proposes an analytical framework to determine the extent to which Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is a viable and effective business option for developing and modernizing the irrigation sector in the Philippines. It focuses on: (a) assessing and providing recommendations to address the policy, regulatory and institutional constraints that limit the recourse to PPP as a tool to support the development of the irrigation sector; and (b) if PPP is proven to be a viable option, develop the capacity within the Department of Agriculture (DA), National Irrigation Administration (NIA) and National Economic Development Authority (NEDA) PPP Center to identify and assess potential projects. The TA was meant primarily to produce a simple and practical analytical framework for the Government to build on, rather than a full-blown study on an irrigation PPP project. Adopting the PPP scheme in irrigation will require specific answers to the following questions: (1) how PPP contractual arrangements can help to address the usual problems in public irrigation (e.g., maintenance problems due to budget restriction and decision making processes); (2) how PPP can ensure financial viability of the irrigation system; (3) how PPP can avoid political interference in setting irrigation fees; and (4) how PPP can increase the useful life of irrigation systems and break the vicious cycle of low collection of irrigation fees, poor maintenance, network degradation and expensive rehabilitation. The PPP scheme has to make the case that the financial costs of privately-funded projects are on a par with those of publicly-funded projects 40 17-11-21 00:18:51.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872059 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18702 Volltext, Open Access

1759727482

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727482 OCoLC 1255600408 WBOKR 18709 EBP 064562255 KEP 064562255 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18709 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Metro Manila Water Security Study World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Philippines s BULK WATER SUPPLY s INVESTMENT COST s METROPOLITAN WATERWORKS s PUBLIC WORKS s RAW WATER s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SURFACE WATER s WATER s WATER COMPANY s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DEMAND s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER RIGHTS s WATER SERVICE s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WATER TREATMENT PLANT s WATER USERS English en_US The metropolitan waterworks and sewerage system (MWSS) services the water supply and sewerage requirements of Metro Manila including the Province of Rizal and parts of Cavite, an area composed of the estimated 15 million residents in one of the fast growing urban centers in the world. In order to secure the water supply for Metro Manila, some alternative water sources, that is Laguna Lake, Wawa, Kaliwa, Kanan, and Agos rivers, and others have been identified and studied since 1970s. In view of this, the MWSS has requested to the World Bank Group for the technical assistance to identify the alternative water sources to meet growing water demand in Metro Manila. The study was started in July 2011 to: (a) review previously executed studies and proposals for developing alternative water sources; (b) assess non-revenue water (NRW) reduction projects; and (c) provide updated and comprehensive advice to support water security enhancing initiatives in Metro Manila. The study was completed in July 2012 and the final report was submitted to MWSS and the World Bank. In this context, this report is organized as follows: chapter one gives introduction; chapter two presents socio-economic condition of study area; chapter three presents current water supply system and development; chapter four presents review and update of water demand projection; chapter five focuses on alternative water sources; and chapter six presents road map 40 17-11-21 00:18:51.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872067 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18709 Volltext, Open Access

1759727490

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727490 OCoLC 1255600068 WBOKR 18694 EBP 064562247 KEP 064562247 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18694 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Skills for Quality Jobs and Development in Lao PDR A Technical Assessment of the Current Context World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Lao People's Democratic Republic s ACADEMIC YEAR s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO SECONDARY EDUCATION s ACCESS TO TRAINING s ADULT EDUCATION s ADULTS s APTITUDES s ASSESSMENT MECHANISMS s AVAILABILITY OF SCHOOLS s AVERAGE COMPLETION RATE s BACHELOR DEGREE s BASIC LIFE SKILLS s BASIC LITERACY s BASIC READING s BASIC SKILLS s CAREER s CAREER CHOICES s CERTIFICATION LEVEL s CIVIL SERVICE s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COGNITIVE TEST s COMPLETION RATES s COMPUTER SKILLS s CURRICULA s DECISION MAKING s DEGREES s DROPOUT RATES s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATED PARENTS s EDUCATED POPULATION s EDUCATED WORKERS s EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION FOR ALL s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION PROGRAMS s EDUCATION PROVIDERS s EDUCATION QUALITY s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION TARGETS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES s EDUCATIONAL INVESTMENTS s EDUCATIONAL LEVELS s EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES s EDUCATIONAL QUALITY s EDUCATIONAL REFORM s EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL TESTING s EMPLOYED GRADUATES s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES s ENROLLMENT s ENROLMENT RATES s EQUITABLE ACCESS s EXAM s EXTERNAL EFFICIENCY s FORMAL EDUCATION s FORMAL EDUCATION SYSTEM s FORMAL EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM s FURTHER EDUCATION s GENDER DISPARITIES s GIRLS s HIGH DROPOUT s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR s HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM s HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEMS s HIGHER LEARNING s HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING s HUMAN RESOURCES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION s INSTRUCTORS s INTERNSHIPS s INTERVENTIONS s INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION s JOB MARKET s JOB SATISFACTION s JOB SEEKERS s JOB TRAINING s KINDERGARTEN s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET NEEDS s LABOR MARKETS s LEADERSHIP s LEARNING s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LIFE SKILLS s LIFELONG LEARNING s LITERACY s LITERACY ASSESSMENT s LITERACY RATES s LITERACY SKILLS s LOW EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION s LOWER SECONDARY LEVEL s MATHEMATICS s MATHEMATICS SKILLS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s NATIONAL EDUCATION s NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM s NATIONAL UNIVERSITY s NET ENROLMENT s NET ENROLMENT RATES s NEW ENTRANTS s NUMERACY s NUTRITION s OCCUPATIONS s ON THE JOB TRAINING s PARENTAL EDUCATION s PERSONALITY s POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION s POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION SYSTEM s POST-SECONDARY INSTITUTIONS s POST-SECONDARY STUDENTS s POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION s PREFERENTIAL ACCESS s PRIMARY COMPLETION s PRIMARY DATA s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY LEVEL s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOLING s PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR PROVIDERS s PROFESSIONAL TRAINING s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION s QUALITY OF TEACHING s READING s READING COMPREHENSION s READING SKILLS s RETURNS TO EDUCATION s RURAL AREAS s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOL PERFORMANCE s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SEASONAL WORKERS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SELF ESTEEM s SKILL LEVELS s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED OCCUPATIONS s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLED WORKFORCE s SKILLS ACQUISITION s SKILLS DEFICIENCIES s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SKILLS TRAINING s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL WELFARE s SPORTS s STAFF SALARIES s STIPENDS s STUDENT ALLOCATIONS s STUDENT BODY s STUDENT DEMAND s TEACHER s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING MATERIALS s TEACHING METHODS s TEACHING STAFF s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY EDUCATION SYSTEM s TERTIARY STUDENTS s TRAINED LABOR FORCE s TRAINING FUNDS s TRAINING INSTITUTIONS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING SERVICES s TUITION s TUITION FEES s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNIVERSAL PRIMARY ENROLMENT s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s UNIVERSITY GRADUATES s UNIVERSITY LEVEL s VOCATIONAL COURSES s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WORK EXPERIENCE s WRITING SKILLS English en_US Lao has embarked on an ambitious plan to transform its economy, reduce poverty, and graduate from least developed country status by 2020. The objectives of this report are 1) to provide critical information to the Government of Lao PDR (GoL) about existing skills gaps in Lao; 2) to provide the GoL and the steering committee that will revise the Human Resource Development Strategy 2000-2020 (and link it to the 8th NSEDP) with evidence of the current skills situation in the country, to better inform decisions and human resource planning for the future; and 3) to provide the GoL, the World Bank, and other development partners a baseline of skills indicators against which to measure progress going forward. Lao's economic growth has led to increased demand for workers at all skill levels, but employers have a difficult time finding workers to meet that demand. The lack of skills among the workforce is the most commonly cited constraint. The first priority will be to increase the limited flow of students progressing to higher education levels, in part due to high dropout rates among students (especially in rural areas) in primary school or between primary and secondary school. The second priority will be to increase the level of cognitive skills among the population by improving the quality of the education system. The third priority will show as Lao's economy moves forward, skills taught in the higher education system will need to become better aligned with labor market needs. The fourth priority will be to promote lifelong learning and skills upgrading by increasing the incentives and opportunities of workers to skill up, and employers to invest in the skills of their workers 40 17-11-21 00:18:51.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872075 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18694 Volltext, Open Access

1759727504

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:13.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727504 OCoLC 1255600454 WBOKR 18363 EBP 064562239 KEP 064562239 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18363 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Road for Cultural Heritage Policy Note on Cultural Heritage and Infrastructure Development in Timor-Leste World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Timor-Leste s ACCESS TO CULTURE s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ADVENTURE TOURISM s ANTIQUITY s ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE s ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES s ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE s ART s ARTS s AUTHENTICITY s BELIEFS s CELEBRATIONS s CHURCH s CHURCH ARCHITECTURE s CITIES s COLONIAL HERITAGE s COMMUNITY DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT s CONSERVATION s CONSERVATION ACTIVITIES s CONSERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE s CRAFTS s CULTURAL ASSETS s CULTURAL CENTERS s CULTURAL DIVERSITY s CULTURAL EVENTS s CULTURAL HERITAGE s CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSETS s CULTURAL HERITAGE POLICY s CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES s CULTURAL HERITAGE TOURISM s CULTURAL IDENTITY s CULTURAL POLICY s CULTURAL PRACTICE s CULTURAL RESOURCES s CULTURAL VALUE s CULTURAL VALUES s CULTURES s CUSTOM s DANCE s EARTHQUAKES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ETHNIC MINORITIES s FESTIVAL s FESTIVITIES s HERITAGE ACTIVITIES s HERITAGE ASSETS s HERITAGE DEVELOPMENT s HERITAGE ISSUES s HERITAGE PROJECT s HERITAGE TOURISM s HISTORIC TOWNS s HISTORICAL BUILDINGS s HISTORICAL SITES s IMPORTANT SITES s INDIGENOUS CULTURE s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE s INTANGIBLE HERITAGE s INTERNATIONAL TOURISTS s INTERNATIONAL VISITOR s LANGUAGES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LITERATURE s LIVING CULTURE s LIVING TRADITIONS s MEMORY s MINISTRY OF TOURISM s MONUMENTS s MUSIC s NATIONAL MUSEUM s NATIONAL PARKS s NATURAL BEAUTY s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s POETRY s POTTERY s PRESERVATION s PROTECTION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE s RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES s RENOVATION s RESTORATION s RESTORATION PROJECTS s ROCK ART s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL INCLUSION s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SUPPORT s SONGS s STAKEHOLDERS s SUSTAINABLE TOURISM s THEATRE s TOURISM ACTIVITIES s TOURISM DEVELOPMENT s TOURISM EXPERIENCE s TOURISTS s TRADITION s TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE s TRADITIONAL ARTS s TRADITIONAL CULTURE s TRADITIONAL HERITAGE s TRADITIONAL STONE s TRADITIONS s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s VISITORS s WEAVING English en_US The purpose of this Policy Note is to survey Timor-Leste's cultural heritage in relation to infrastructure development and offer policy options for conserving and developing cultural heritage assets, particularly in relation to sustainable tourism. Infrastructure development can expose cultural heritage assets to new pressures that require new and/or improved measures for conservation. Equally, such development can unlock the potential of cultural heritage assets to provide opportunities for sustainable social and economic benefits for communities. As Timor-Leste makes major investments in its infrastructure in the coming years, it has an opportunity to maximize the benefits of its rich cultural heritage and minimize the risks of damage to important cultural heritage sites. Timor-Leste's cultural heritage is now subject to an unprecedented exposure to the impacts of infrastructure development. From 2008 to 2012, the national budget expanded fivefold, and the 2012 budget allocated 48 percentage of spending for infrastructure, chiefly electricity, roads and the development of the 'Tasi Mane' area petroleum infrastructure. The legal framework for safeguarding cultural heritage and for promoting sustainable development based on the cultural value of these sites is, however, still embryonic. In this context, adapting policy to best conserve and develop Timor-Leste's unique cultural heritage is crucial 40 17-11-21 00:18:51.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872083 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18363 Volltext, Open Access

1759727512

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727512 OCoLC 1255600413 WBOKR 18362 EBP 064562220 KEP 064562220 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18362 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Transition from Underpricing Residential Electricity in Bangladesh Fiscal and Distributional Impacts Faizuddin Ahmed VerfasserIn aut Chris Trimble VerfasserIn aut Nobuo Yoshida VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Bangladesh South Asia s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s AGRICULTURE s APPROACH s BALANCE s COAL s CONNECTED HOUSEHOLDS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION INCREASES s CONSUMPTION LEVELS s COST OF ELECTRICITY s COSTS OF ELECTRICITY s CROSS SUBSIDIES s CROSS-SUBSIDIZATION s CRUDE OIL s CRUDE OIL PRICE s DECISION MAKING s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DIESEL s DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES s DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICITY s EFFECTIVE SUBSIDIES s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRIC POWER CONSUMPTION s ELECTRIC SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY ACCESS s ELECTRICITY BILL s ELECTRICITY BILLS s ELECTRICITY CONNECTIONS s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY COSTS s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY POLICY s ELECTRICITY PRICING s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SERVICE s ELECTRICITY SUBSIDIES s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY TARIFF s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s ELECTRICITY UTILITY s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY MARKETS s ENERGY POLICIES s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY STATISTICS s EXPORTS s FORECASTS s FUEL s FUEL SOURCES s GAS s GAS PRICES s GDP s GENERATION s GENERATION CAPACITY s GENERATION COSTS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOUSEHOLD ANALYSIS s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s INEFFICIENCY s INFLATION s INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY s KILOWATT HOUR s LIFELINE TARIFFS s LNG s LOW LEVELS OF ACCESS s LOW LEVELS OF CONSUMPTION s LOW TARIFFS s MINERAL RESOURCES s MONTHLY CONSUMPTION s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS PRICE s NEW POWER PLANTS s OIL s PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS s PEAK DEMAND s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s PETROLEUM SECTOR s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL ECONOMY OF REFORM s POLITICAL ECONOMY OF TARIFF s POWER s POWER CONSUMPTION s POWER DISTRIBUTION s POWER GENERATION s POWER GRID s POWER PLANTS s POWER PRODUCER s POWER SECTOR s POWER SECTOR REFORMS s POWER SHORTAGES s PRIMARY FUEL s PRIVATE SECTOR s QUANTITY OF ELECTRICITY s REPUBLIC s RURAL CONSUMERS s RURAL ELECTRICITY s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION PROGRAM s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s SOURCE OF ENERGY s SUBSIDIZATION s SUPPLY COSTS s TARIFF LEVELS s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TARIFF STRUCTURES s UTILITIES s UTILITY COMPANY English en_US The electricity sector in Bangladesh has been facing unprecedented challenges, with severe capacity constraints and sector subsidies that quadrupled from 0.2 percent to 0.8 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) between 2010 and 2012, driving the government's fiscal deficit deeper. This policy note examines the poverty and distribution impact of one such reform-residential electricity tariff increases-along with their fiscal implications. A challenge of such adjustments is how to minimize their impact on the poor and vulnerable. Using household survey data, this report studies the distributional and fiscal implications of the residential tariff adjustments between March 2010 and March 2012 on to inform policy dialogue on the provision and targeting of electricity subsidies. Electricity subsidies are defined as the difference between the cost of supplying a unit of electricity and the tariff the end-user is charged for a given unit. Between 2010 and 2012, real cost of supply increased almost 20 percent. This policy note focuses on just one part of a much broader and complex system of connected energy policies. The policy implications of this analysis should only be considered in light of this broader context. In particular, this note does not study in detail the complex issues of generation and operational efficiency (in transmission and distribution). Second, this note does not study the political economy of tariff and subsidy reform. Tariff increases have been a source of social unrest, and planned increases could generate additional unrest. It will be important for the government to consider the political economy of further reform carefully. Moving forward, both of the new slab systems being discussed could relieve the fiscal burden of subsidies 40 17-11-21 00:18:51.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872091 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18362 Volltext, Open Access

1759727520

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727520 OCoLC 1255600226 WBOKR 19433 EBP 064562212 KEP 064562212 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19433 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Arab Republic of Egypt Urban Sector Note Volume 2. Towards An Urban Sector Strategy World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s ACCESSIBILITY s ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS s AFFORDABLE HOUSING s AIR s APARTMENT s APARTMENT BLOCKS s APARTMENT UNITS s ARTERIAL ROAD s ARTERIAL STREETS s ARTERIES s BETTERMENT TAX s BUS s BUS SYSTEM s BUSES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CARS s CITIES s CITY COUNCILS s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s CONSTRUCTION s CONURBATION s DIESEL s DIESEL FUEL s HABITAT s HIGHWAY s HOUSING s HOUSING BENEFITS s HOUSING ESTATES s HOUSING MARKETS s HOUSING NEEDS s HOUSING UNITS s INCOME s INFRASTRUCTURE COST s INFRASTRUCTURE COSTS s INFRASTRUCTURE UPGRADING s INSTITUTIONAL REFORM s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND MARKETS s LAND OWNER s LAND PRICES s LAND REFORM s LAND TITLING s LAND TRANSACTIONS s LAND USE s LAND VALUE s LANDOWNER s LANES s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL LEVEL s LOCAL OFFICIALS s LOCAL TRANSPORT s MASS TRANSIT s METROPOLITAN TRANSPORT s MIDDLE EAST s MIDDLE EASTERN s MINI-BUS s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPALITIES s NEW TOWNS s NORTH AFRICA s PASSENGERS s PASSENGERS PER DAY s POLICE s POPULATION DENSITIES s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRIVATE LANDS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT OPERATORS s RAIL s RAIL LINE s RAILWAYS s REAL ESTATE s REPAIR s RING ROAD s ROAD CONNECTIONS s ROADS s ROUTE s ROUTES s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SHELTER s SHOPPING MALLS s SOLID WASTE COLLECTION s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s SPEEDS s SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS s STREET PARKING s STREETS s SUBDIVISIONS s SUBURBAN RAIL s TAX s TAXIS s TOWN PLANNING s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRANSIT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT PROBLEMS s TRANSPORTATION s TRUCKS s TRUE s URBAN s URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN COMMUNITIES s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN DWELLERS s URBAN ECONOMY s URBAN EXPANSION s URBAN FRINGE s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN HOUSING s URBAN HOUSING MARKETS s URBAN LAND s URBAN LIFE s URBAN MANAGEMENT s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN PLANS s URBAN POLICIES s URBAN POLICY s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN POPULATION GROWTH s URBAN POVERTY s URBAN SECTOR s URBAN SERVICE DELIVERY s URBAN SERVICES s URBAN SETTLEMENTS s URBAN SPACE s URBAN SPRAWL s URBAN UPGRADING s URBAN ZONES s URBANIZATION s UTILITIES s VACANT LAND s VEHICLE s VEHICLES s VILLAGES English en_US The objective of this paper is to present a succinct and up-to-date review of the urban sector in Egypt, with a focus on issues for which there is new insight or emerging government interest. The two main themes of the report are the challenges facing the urban sector and the policy implications at various levels of government. Some of the reports mains findings are: urbanization in Egypt takes on forms and processes which are not well understood and as a consequence urban policies are sometimes weak or counter productive; until now policies and actions in the urban sector have mainly consisted of State driven, supply-side interventions; due to the focus on development in the desert, the dynamics of urbanism in the Nile Valley and Delta, which together contain over 95 percent of the country's population, have largely been ignored; and finally it is rare that government of Egypt's urban development projects include a strategy of capturing the appreciation value of their investments ("unearned increment"), cross-subsidization or cost recovery. The note concludes with a set of recommendations of ways to improve the government's response to the urban challenge 40 17-11-21 00:18:51.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872105 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19433 Volltext, Open Access

1759727539

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727539 OCoLC 1255600461 WBOKR 19257 EBP 064562204 KEP 064562204 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19257 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India Note on Public Financial Management and Accountability in Centrally Sponsored Schemes World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY ARRANGEMENTS s ACCOUNTABILITY FRAMEWORK s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK s ACCOUNTING MANUALS s ACCOUNTING POLICIES s ACCOUNTING RECORDS s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ADMINISTRATIVE ORDERS s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL BUDGET PROCESS s ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s ANNUAL REPORT s ANNUAL REPORTS s APPROPRIATIONS s AUDIT COMMITTEES s AUDITING s AUDITOR GENERAL s AUDITORS s AUDITS s BANK ACCOUNTS s BENEFICIARIES s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET TRANSFERS s BUDGETARY DISCIPLINE s BUDGETING PROCESS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CASH BALANCES s CASH BASIS s CERTIFICATE s CERTIFICATES s COMMODITY s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMMUNITY ACCESS s CSS s DATA ENTRY s DAY- TO- DAY MANAGEMENT s DECENTRALIZATION s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DEVOLUTION s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DOMAIN s ECONOMICS s EMPLOYMENT s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE CONTROL s EXPENDITURE LEVELS s EXPENDITURES s EXTENSION s EXTERNAL AUDIT s FIDUCIARY RISK s FINANCE STAFF s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENTS s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL STATUS s FINANCIAL TRANSFERS s FINANCIAL YEARS s FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FUNDS FLOW s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING s GPS s HEALTH SECTOR s HOUSING s IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s INCORPORATION s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSPECTIONS s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROLS s LAWS s LEGAL ENTITIES s LEGAL ENTITY s LEGISLATION s LIMITED s MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING s MANAGEMENT CONTROL s MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS s MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES s MANAGEMENT REVIEWS s MANAGEMENT SERVICES s MATERIAL s MERGER s NATIONAL PRIORITY s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s OUTCOME INDICATORS s PARTNERSHIP s PC s PERFORMANCE AUDIT s PERFORMANCE REPORTING s PERFORMANCE REPORTS s PERFORMANCE REVIEW s PERSONS s PHYSICAL PROGRESS s POLICY FORMULATION s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROGRAM DESIGN s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRAM MANAGEMENT s PROGRAM MANAGERS s PROGRAM OBJECTIVES s PROGRAM STRATEGY s PROGRAMS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC ACCOUNT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE TRACKING s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC SECTOR s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESULT s RESULTS s RURAL BANKS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SAVINGS s SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS s SOCIETIES s SOCIETY s STAKEHOLDERS s STATE BUDGET s STATE GOVERNMENT s STATE GOVERNMENTS s STATE TREASURY s SUPPORT STAFF s SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTIONS s TARGETS s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TIGHT FISCAL POSITION s TIME FRAME s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TRANSPARENCY s UNION s USES s VERIFICATION s WEB English en_US The budget outlay for Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) for India in 2005-06 is significantly higher as compared to the previous year's level of Rs.395,000 million. This includes increased allocations for rural roads, rural employment, and education and nutritional support for pre-school children. At present there are over 200 such schemes in operation, of which a dozen accounts for more than two-thirds of the outlay. Given the states limited scope to significantly raise internal resources within the existing fiscal framework, coupled with a high wage bill that crowds out development expenditure, the CSS are likely to remain an important source for development funds for the states. The objective of CSS is to address issues of national priority with focus on human development, poverty alleviation and rural backwardness. The findings and the suggestions to improve financial accountability systems in CSS needs to be viewed in the light of varying quality of governance across the states and the fiscal stress faced by certain states 40 17-11-21 00:18:51.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872113 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19257 Volltext, Open Access

1759727547

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727547 OCoLC 1255600441 WBOKR 19443 EBP 064562190 KEP 064562190 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19443 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Egypt Public Land Management Strategy Volume 2. Background Notes on Access to Public Land by Investment Sector--Industry, Tourism, Agriculture, and Real Estate Development World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s ARABLE LAND s BUILDING MATERIALS s BUILDING REGULATIONS s CITIES s CONSTRUCTION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY COMPANY s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXCHANGE RATE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s HOUSING s IMPORTS s INCOME s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s LABOR FORCE s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND PRICES s LAND RECLAMATION s LAND TRANSFER s LAND USE s LAND USE PLANNING s LEGISLATION s LICENSES s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s MARKET DISTORTIONS s MARKET PRICES s MIDDLE EAST s NEW TOWNS s NORTH AFRICA s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s PRIVATE LAND s PRIVATE OWNERSHIP s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s REAL ESTATE s REAL ESTATE DEPARTMENT s REGIONAL PLANNING s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPAIR s ROADS s SAHEL s SANITATION s SLUMS s SQUATTERS s STATE ASSETS s STREETS s TAX s TAX LAW s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s URBAN COMMUNITIES s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN LAND s URBAN PLANNING s UTILITIES s VILLAGES s WATER SUPPLY s ZONING s ZONING REGULATIONS English en_US The main objective of the Egypt Public Land Management Strategy is to provide the Government of Egypt (GOE) with practical and politically feasible policy recommendations to reform existing public land management policies and practices in the aim of improving the business climate in Egypt. This study is presented in two volumes: Volume one with the main policy note, supported by Volume two with background notes on access to public land by investment sector. Volume one examines the overall system for public land management in Egypt and the challenges facing investors seeking to access public land for investment projects, and concludes with a roadmap for public land management reform in the aim of improving the investment climate, which has been prepared in consultation with key government stakeholders. Volume two provides background notes examining the sectoral issues and challenges facing investors in terms of access to public land and development controls for four investment sectors: (i) industrial/manufacturing (updating the Policy Note prepared in December 2004 for the Egypt ICA); (ii) tourism; (iii) agriculture and land reclamation; and (iv) real estate development (i.e. large mixed used development projects involving a land subdivision process). This assignment focuses on public land management in Egypt, one of several interrelated land sector issues that merit in-depth examination. This study is intended to prepare the groundwork for the GOE to launch the process for formulating a public land management policy document, which would include the key policy objectives and principles for effective management of public land assets in Egypt and which would serve as a foundation to guide the process of reforming the fragmented legal framework governing public land management in Egypt. The process for public land asset management policy and legal reform is discussed in detail in this Policy Note 40 17-11-21 00:18:51.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872121 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19443 Volltext, Open Access

1759727555

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727555 OCoLC 1255600437 WBOKR 19447 EBP 064562182 KEP 064562182 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19447 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Egypt Public Land Management Strategy Volume 1. Policy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS TO LAND s AGRARIAN REFORM s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURE s ALLOCATION OF LAND s CAPACITY BUILDING s CITIES s DEBT s DEVOLUTION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s FISCAL REFORMS s HOUSING s HOUSING FINANCE s INDUSTRIAL LAND s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE s INVENTORY s LAND ADMINISTRATION s LAND ASSETS s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND INFORMATION SYSTEMS s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND MARKETS s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND RECLAMATION s LAND REGISTRATION s LAND SUBDIVISION s LAND USE s LAND USE PLANNING s LAND VALUATION s LEASEHOLD s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MIDDLE EAST s NORTH AFRICA s PRIVATE LAND s PRIVATE OWNERSHIP s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROPERTY LAW s PROPERTY REGISTRATION s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC LAND s PUBLIC LANDS s PUBLIC SECTOR s REAL ESTATE s REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT s REAL ESTATE MARKETS s REDEVELOPMENT s RENTS s SETTLEMENTS s SLM s SLUMS s SQUATTER s SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS s STATE ASSETS s STATE LANDS s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX RATES s TAXATION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s URBAN AREAS s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN LAND s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN SETTLEMENTS s URBANIZATION s UTILITIES s VACANT LAND English en_US The main objective of the Egypt Public Land Management Strategy is to provide the Government of Egypt (GOE) with practical and politically feasible policy recommendations to reform existing public land management policies and practices in the aim of improving the business climate in Egypt. This study is presented in two volumes: Volume one with the main policy note, supported by Volume two with background notes on access to public land by investment sector. Volume one examines the overall system for public land management in Egypt and the challenges facing investors seeking to access public land for investment projects, and concludes with a roadmap for public land management reform in the aim of improving the investment climate, which has been prepared in consultation with key government stakeholders. Volume two provides background notes examining the sectoral issues and challenges facing investors in terms of access to public land and development controls for four investment sectors: (i) industrial/manufacturing (updating the Policy Note prepared in December 2004 for the Egypt ICA); (ii) tourism; (iii) agriculture and land reclamation; and (iv) real estate development (i.e. large mixed used development projects involving a land subdivision process). This assignment focuses on public land management in Egypt, one of several interrelated land sector issues that merit in-depth examination. This study is intended to prepare the groundwork for the GOE to launch the process for formulating a public land management policy document, which would include the key policy objectives and principles for effective management of public land assets in Egypt and which would serve as a foundation to guide the process of reforming the fragmented legal framework governing public land management in Egypt. The process for public land asset management policy and legal reform is discussed in detail in this Policy Note 40 17-11-21 00:18:51.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987213X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19447 Volltext, Open Access

1759727563

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727563 OCoLC 1255600229 WBOKR 19254 EBP 064562174 KEP 064562174 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19254 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Issues in Urban and Municipal Development World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of North Macedonia (Formerly the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE DECENTRALIZATION s ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITIES s ARREARS s ASSET SALES s ASSETS s AUCTION s AUTONOMY s BALANCE SHEET s BANKS s BORROWING s BUDGETING s CADASTRE s CADASTRES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL GRANTS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CITIES s COMMERCIAL PROPERTY s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENCY s DEBTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS s DEVOLUTION s DOMESTIC DEBT s EAST EUROPE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYMENT s ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EQUALIZATION s EQUIPMENT s ETHNIC GROUPS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE ASSIGNMENTS s EXTERNALITIES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL WEAKNESSES s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNMENT CAPACITY s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT GRANTS s GOVERNMENT REFORM s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDING s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSING s INCOME s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME TAX s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTRUMENT s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT GRANTS s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s INVESTMENT RISKS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND SPECULATION s LAND SUPPLY s LAND USE s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LICENSES s LOCAL ADMINISTRATION s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL BUDGETS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT MANAGEMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE s LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE s LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUES s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s LOCAL LEVEL s LOCAL REVENUE s LOCAL TAXES s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MARKET ECONOMIES s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET PRICES s MAYORS s MIGRATION s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION s MUNICIPAL BUILDINGS s MUNICIPAL DEBT s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT s MUNICIPAL FINANCE s MUNICIPAL FINANCING s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS s MUNICIPAL LEVEL s MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT s MUNICIPAL OFFICIALS s MUNICIPAL PERFORMANCE s MUNICIPAL REVENUE s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPALITIES s MUNICIPALITY s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES s NONPAYMENT s PENSIONS s PERSONAL INCOME s POLITICAL DECENTRALIZATION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTOR s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROPERTY TAX COLLECTION s PROPERTY TAXES s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR INTERVENTIONS s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s REAL ESTATE MARKETS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT s RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RETURN s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s REVENUE SOURCES s ROADS s SAFETY NETS s SALE OF SECURITIES s SETTLEMENTS s SEWAGE s SMALL MUNICIPALITIES s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOLID WASTE COLLECTION s SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s SPATIAL PLANNING s STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX CAPACITY s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX REVENUES s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRANSACTIONS COSTS s TRANSITION COUNTRIES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s URBAN AREAS s URBAN ECONOMIES s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN LAND MANAGEMENT s URBAN MANAGEMENT s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN POOR s URBAN POVERTY s URBAN SERVICES s URBAN SETTLEMENTS s URBANIZATION s UTILITIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS English en_US The present study examines the challenges facing municipal governments in FYR Macedonia. The introductory chapter provides some further context for these developments, in terms of the challenges they pose for urban areas and their governments. Chapter Two examines issues for financial management of municipalities under the decentralized regime, and the attendant need for improving local government capacity. The third chapter highlights questions in the area of communal services, where municipal governments retain overall provision and supervisory responsibilities of the local public enterprises. The fourth chapter focuses on urban planning and land management, an area critical to the efficient functioning of cities and for which municipalities have acquired new obligations. The approach of the report is to assemble existing data from many available studies, both by the World Bank and by other sources, and information obtained from interviews in the country to articulate ideas and recommendations for consideration by the Government elected in July 2006, by municipal governments, and by other stakeholders 40 17-11-21 00:18:51.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872148 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19254 Volltext, Open Access

1759727571

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727571 OCoLC 1255600304 WBOKR 19625 EBP 064562166 KEP 064562166 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19625 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Developing India's Corporate Bond Market World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCOUNTING s AUCTION s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS s BANK LENDING s BANK REGULATIONS s BANKING CRISES s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY LAWS s BANKS s BOND DEBT s BOND ISSUES s BOND MARKET s BOND MARKETS s BONDS s BORROWING s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPITALIZATION s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPANY s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE DEBT s CORPORATE FINANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE PERFORMANCE s CORPORATION s CORPORATIONS s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATING AGENCIES s CREDIT RATINGS s CREDIT RISK s DEBT s DEBT INSTRUMENTS s DERIVATIVES s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUITY CAPITAL s EXPANSION s FAIR s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FIRMS s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURERS s INTEREST RATES s INVESTMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE s LATIN AMERICAN s LAWS s LEGISLATION s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES s LIQUIDITY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET MICROSTRUCTURE s MARKET REFORM s MARKET REFORMS s MATURITIES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s MUTUAL FUNDS s NON-LIFE INSURANCE s OFFERINGS s PENSION FUNDS s PENSIONS s PORTFOLIOS s PRICING MECHANISM s PRIVATE PENSION FUNDS s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PROVIDENT FUNDS s RATING AGENCIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REGULATORY REGIME s RESERVE BANK OF INDIA s RESOURCE MOBILIZATION s RETAIL s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK SHARING s SAVINGS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKETS s SECURITIES TRADING s SECURITIZATION s SETTLEMENT RISKS s SETTLEMENT SYSTEMS s SPONSORS s STOCK EXCHANGES s SYSTEMIC RISK s TAXATION s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER English en_US A well-developed corporate bond market is essential for the efficiency and stability of a country's financial system and the overall growth of its economy. Issuers and investors' access to the market provides for financial diversification and facilitates necessary financing, which benefits not only AAA-rated corporations but also less well known, sub-investment grade corporations and infrastructure developers. This note examines the state of India's corporate bond market, identifies constraints that inhibit its size and depth, and suggests reform measures that India needs to take to develop its market into a competitive source of financing for a wide range of issuers and an attractive investment for a wide range of investors. Recommendations are based not only on an assessment of conditions in India, but also on relevant international experience 40 17-11-21 00:18:51.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872156 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19625 Volltext, Open Access

175972758X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972758X OCoLC 1255600462 WBOKR 19627 EBP 064562158 KEP 064562158 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19627 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India - Public Financial Management and Accountability in Panchayati Raj Institutions (Rural Local Governments) Synthesis Study World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY s ASSET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET EXECUTION s CAPACITY BUILDING s CEO s CHARTER s CHIEF EXECUTIVE s CONSOLIDATION s DEVOLUTION s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY s FISCAL TRANSPARENCY s INCOME s INFLATION s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s LEGAL ENTITIES s LIMITED s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL LEVEL s MUNICIPALITIES s PAC s PERSONS s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT s PUBLIC WORKS s SOCIETY s STAKEHOLDERS s STATE GOVERNMENT s STATE GOVERNMENTS s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX RATES s TAX REVENUES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s UNION English en_US This Study has been designed to serve as a reference point for (i) mapping the Public Financial Management and Accountability (PFMA) arrangements currently in place; (ii) highlighting good practices that have emerged across States relative to PFMA; and (iii) summarizing issues that are most relevant to the Government of India, State Governments and the Bank when it comes to financing future projects through Panchayati Raj Institution (PRIs). This Synthesis also captures the recommendations of the Eleventh and Twelfth Finance Commissions, as well as the initiatives of the recently constituted Ministry of Panchayati Raj (MoPR). Inter alia, the MoPR has laid out a road map for enhancing the accountability of PRIs to their constituents. Because devolution of powers has resulted in different models in the various states, this study has not attempted prescriptive solutions or standard models for implementation. Rather, this study offers input to the design of Bank interventions and activities relating to Decentralization; it is not in itself a Decentralization study. This Study covers PRIs in six Indian states, including (i) Karnataka, Orissa and Uttar Pradesh where the Bank has carried out State Financial Accountability Assessments (SFAA); (ii) Rajasthan and West Bengal where several good practices have emerged at the urging of the state government and/ or the public at large; and (iii) Uttaranchal where the Bank has changed the design of existing projects, such as the Watershed Project to route funds through the PRIs as much as possible 40 17-11-21 00:18:51.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872164 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19627 Volltext, Open Access

1759727598

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727598 OCoLC 1255600497 WBOKR 19623 EBP 06456214X KEP 06456214X 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19623 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Foreign Capital Utilization in China Prospects and Future Strategy World Bank VerfasserIn aut Beijing 2006 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCELERATED DEPRECIATION s AGRICULTURE s BANK LENDING s BID s BOND MARKETS s BONDS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MOVEMENTS s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CREDIT MARKETS s DEBT s DEFLATION s DEVELOPMENT POLICIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DOMESTIC ENTERPRISES s DOMESTIC FIRMS s DOMESTIC INVESTMENT s DOMESTIC SAVING s DRIVING s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PROSPECTS s ECONOMIC REFORM s EMERGING MARKET s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES s EXPORTS s FDI s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FISCAL POLICY s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN FIRMS s FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FUEL s GDP s GINI COEFFICIENT s GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOOD INVESTMENT CLIMATE s GROWTH RATE s HEAVY RELIANCE s HOST COUNTRIES s HOUSING s INCOME s INCOME TAX s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT CLIMATES s INVESTMENT POLICIES s INVESTMENT PROMOTION s INVESTMENT RATES s LIQUIDITY s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MANUFACTURING SECTOR s MARKET ACCESS s MONETARY POLICY s NATURAL RESOURCES s PORTFOLIO s PRICE INCREASES s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRIVATE CAPITAL FLOWS s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTION INPUTS s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES s PROFITABILITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC UTILITIES s RAIL s RAILWAYS s RISK AVERSION s RISK MANAGEMENT s ROAD s ROADS s SMOOTHING CONSUMPTION s SPECULATION s SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA s TAX s TAX CODES s TAX INCENTIVE s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAXATION s TECHNOLOGY SPILLOVERS s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE POLICIES s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT INDUSTRY s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORTATION s VALUE ADDED s WAGES s WTO s YIELD CURVES English en_US China has been among the world's largest recipients of foreign direct investment (FDI). Nonetheless, at the time China is moving into its eleventh five-year plan period, four issues with FDI to China are becoming increasingly recognized by policy makers: geographic concentration, excessive reliance on investment in export-oriented manufacturing, under-investment in higher-technology industries, and heavy reliance on fiscal incentives to attract FDI. This report seeks to analyze these and provide benefit from international experience in suggesting policies. In addition to this introduction, the paper includes the following chapters: external environment, FDI in China, maintaining an attractive investment climate, leveling the playing field in taxation, improving the composition of FDI, and non-FDI capital flows liberalization and risk management 40 17-11-21 00:18:52.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872172 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19623 Volltext, Open Access

1759727601

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727601 OCoLC 1255600503 WBOKR 19624 EBP 064562131 KEP 064562131 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19624 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Is There a New Vision for Maghreb Economic Integation? Volume 2. Annex World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa s AGRICULTURE s ANDEAN PACT s AVERAGE TARIFF s AVERAGE TARIFF RATE s BILATERAL AGREEMENTS s BILATERAL TRADE s BILATERAL TRADE FLOWS s CD s CENTRAL AMERICAN s COMMODITY PRICES s COMMON MARKET s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPARATIVE DISADVANTAGE s COMPETITION POLICY s COMPETITIVE EFFECTS s COMPETITIVE POSITION s CONCESSIONS s CONSUMER PRICE s CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION s CONSUMERS s CONVERGENCE s CURRENCY s CURRENCY UNION s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS UNION s DEBT s DOMESTIC COMPETITION s DOMESTIC CONSUMERS s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s EAST EUROPE s ECONOMIC COMMUNITY s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC RISK s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EXCHANGE RATE STABILITY s EXPORT BARRIERS s EXPORT DATA s EXPORT DEMAND s EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT PRODUCTS s EXPORT SECTOR s EXPORT VALUE s EXPORTERS s EXPORTING COUNTRY s EXPORTS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FOREIGN COUNTRY s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOSTERING MARKET s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE ZONE s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL EXPORTS s GRAVITY MODEL s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPORT BARRIERS s IMPORT TARIFFS s IMPORTING COUNTRY s INDUSTRIAL ECONOMIES s INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INDUSTRY TRADE s INFLATION s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS s INTEREST RATE s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTRAINDUSTRY TRADE s INTRAREGIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT RATE s INVESTMENT RULES s LATIN AMERICAN s LEGAL STATUS s LIQUIDITY s LOCAL CURRENCY s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET CONCENTRATION s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SHARE CHANGES s MARKET SHARES s MARKET SIZE s MEASURE OF TRADE s MEMBER COUNTRIES s MERCHANDISE s MERCHANDISE EXPORTS s MERCHANDISE TRADE s MIDDLE EAST s NATIONAL TREATMENT s NATURAL MONOPOLIES s NORTH AFRICA s OPENNESS s PARTNER COUNTRIES s POLICY REFORMS s POLITICAL RISK s POSITIVE EFFECTS s PREFERENTIAL AGREEMENTS s PREFERENTIAL TRADING s PREFERENTIAL TRADING AGREEMENTS s PRICE CONTROL s PRICE LIBERALIZATION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL GDP s REGIONAL AGREEMENTS s REGIONAL ARRANGEMENT s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s REGIONAL MARKET s REGIONAL TRADE s REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENT s REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS s SHARE OF WORLD EXPORTS s SPECIALIZATION s STANDARD ERRORS s SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA s TARIFF BARRIERS s TARIFF DATA s TARIFF LEVELS s TARIFF LINES s TARIFF RATE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERMS OF TRADE s TERMS OF TRADE SHOCKS s THE GAMBIA s TRADE AGREEMENT s TRADE FLOW s TRADE FLOWS s TRADE INTENSITY s TRADE MORE s TRADE OPENNESS s TRADE RELATIONSHIP s TRADE SHARE s TRADING PARTNERS s TRANSITIONAL COUNTRIES s TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO s VALUE OF EXPORTS s WORLD ECONOMY s WORLD INVESTMENT s WORLD MARKET s WORLD TRADE s WTO English en_US This report on the new vision for Magreb economic integration argues that assessing the benefits from regional integration can best be done in the context of the broader issues of economic integration in the world economy and more specifically with the main trading partner, the European Union. Based on empirical evidence the paper finds that there is limited potential for intraregional merchandise trade integration in the Maghreb. The report also alerts that benefits from deeper economic integration are no means automatic. Several worldwide studies have argued that weaknesses in the investment climate not only hinder a country's imports and inward foreign direct investment, they also deter exports from enterprises operating in the domestic economy (World Bank, 2005). Service liberalization requires complementary policies and effective regulation, ranging from prudential regulation to pro-competitive regulation in telecommunications. The concluding message emerging from the analysis is that a strategy focusing on service sector and investment climate reforms aimed at facilitating market competition and contestability would improve growth, trade and investment performance in the Maghreb, bringing greater economic gains than would be derived from merchandise trade liberalization alone. The report is structured as follows. The first chapter examines the prospects of regional integration based on merchandise trade liberalization. It does so by performing a detailed quantitative analysis of Maghreb's trade and investment patterns and performance. The chapter also assesses Maghreb countries' trade and investment potential, drawing on panel trade and investment gravity models. The second chapter identifies policy barriers, relative performance and progress made by Maghreb countries in investment climate and service sector policy reforms. To allow for cross-country comparability, the report draws on the methodology developed by the European Central Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) to construct policy reform indexes for the Maghreb countries. The third chapter aims at estimating the economic gains from deeper and wider integration. The final section of the report summarizes the main conclusions and policy implications drawn from the analysis 40 17-11-21 00:18:52.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872180 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19624 Volltext, Open Access

175972761X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972761X OCoLC 1255600464 WBOKR 19630 EBP 064562123 KEP 064562123 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19630 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Is There a New Vision for Maghreb Economic Integation? Volume 1. Main Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa s ACCESSION AGREEMENTS s AGRICULTURE s AIR TRANSPORT s APPAREL s APPLIED TARIFF s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BILATERAL TRADE s BILATERAL TRADE AGREEMENT s BILATERAL TRADE AGREEMENTS s BORDER BARRIERS s CAPITAL MARKET s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITION POLICY s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMERS s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS CLEARANCE s DEREGULATION s DISPUTE SETTLEMENT s DISPUTE SETTLEMENT MECHANISMS s DIVERSIFIED EXPORTS s DOMESTIC DISTORTIONS s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC POLICY REFORMS s DOMESTIC REFORMS s DOMESTIC REGULATORY POLICIES s DOMESTIC STANDARDS s EAST EUROPE s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EUROPEAN UNION s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION s EXPORT DYNAMISM s EXPORT EXPANSION s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORT PRODUCTS s EXPORT SPECIALIZATION s EXPORT VALUE s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL MARKETS s EXTERNAL TARIFFS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTORS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN FIRMS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL COMPETITION s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL INTEGRATION s GLOBAL MARKETS s GLOBAL PRODUCTION s GLOBAL PRODUCTION CHAINS s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HARMONIZATION s IMPORT COMPETITION s IMPORT TARIFFS s IMPORTS s INCOME s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME LEVELS s INDUSTRY TRADE s INPUT-OUTPUT TABLES s INTEGRATION EFFORTS s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS s INTRAREGIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVERS s LABOR FORCE s LOW TRADE s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MARGINAL IMPACT s MARKET ENLARGEMENT s MARKET INTEGRATION s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SIZE s MARKET-SEGMENTING EFFECT s MEMBER COUNTRIES s MERCHANDISE TRADE s MFN TARIFFS s MIDDLE EAST s MULTILATERAL COMMITMENTS s MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS s MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES s NATIONAL MARKETS s NON-TARIFF BARRIERS s NORTH AFRICA s OPEN REGIONALISM s PER CAPITA INCOME s PER CAPITA INCOMES s POLICY BARRIERS s POLICY REFORMS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s PORT CHARGES s PRICE LIBERALIZATION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCTION COSTS s PROTECTIONISM s PRUDENTIAL REGULATION s QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS s REAL GDP s REGIONAL BLOCS s REGIONAL COOPERATION s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s REGIONAL INTEGRATION EFFORTS s REGIONAL MARKET s REGIONAL MARKETS s REGIONAL TRADE s REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENT s REGIONAL TRADING ARRANGEMENTS s REGRESSION ANALYSIS s REGULATORY COOPERATION s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REGULATORY POLICIES s REGULATORY REFORMS s REMOVAL OF TRADE BARRIERS s REMOVING BARRIERS s SCALE ECONOMIES s SHALLOW INTEGRATION s SPECIALIZATION s TARIFF BARRIERS s TARIFF RATES s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOURISM s TRADE BARRIERS s TRADE DIVERSION s TRADE EXPANSION s TRADE IN GOODS s TRADE IN SERVICES s TRADE INTEGRATION s TRADE INTENSITY s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE PERFORMANCE s TRADE POLICY s TRADE POLICY REFORMS s TRADING BLOCS s TRADING PARTNER s TRADING PARTNERS s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT SERVICES s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNSKILLED LABOR s WORLD ECONOMY s WORLD TRADE s WTO English en_US This report on the new vision for Magreb economic integration argues that assessing the benefits from regional integration can best be done in the context of the broader issues of economic integration in the world economy and more specifically with the main trading partner, the European Union. Based on empirical evidence the paper finds that there is limited potential for intraregional merchandise trade integration in the Maghreb. The report also alerts that benefits from deeper economic integration are no means automatic. Several worldwide studies have argued that weaknesses in the investment climate not only hinder a country's imports and inward foreign direct investment, they also deter exports from enterprises operating in the domestic economy (World Bank, 2005). Service liberalization requires complementary policies and effective regulation, ranging from prudential regulation to pro-competitive regulation in telecommunications. The concluding message emerging from the analysis is that a strategy focusing on service sector and investment climate reforms aimed at facilitating market competition and contestability would improve growth, trade and investment performance in the Maghreb, bringing greater economic gains than would be derived from merchandise trade liberalization alone. The report is structured as follows. The first chapter examines the prospects of regional integration based on merchandise trade liberalization. It does so by performing a detailed quantitative analysis of Maghreb's trade and investment patterns and performance. The chapter also assesses Maghreb countries' trade and investment potential, drawing on panel trade and investment gravity models. The second chapter identifies policy barriers, relative performance and progress made by Maghreb countries in investment climate and service sector policy reforms. To allow for cross-country comparability, the report draws on the methodology developed by the European Central Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) to construct policy reform indexes for the Maghreb countries. The third chapter aims at estimating the economic gains from deeper and wider integration. The final section of the report summarizes the main conclusions and policy implications drawn from the analysis 40 17-11-21 00:18:52.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872199 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19630 Volltext, Open Access

1759727628

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727628 OCoLC 1255600466 WBOKR 19629 EBP 064562115 KEP 064562115 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19629 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Lao PDR Economic Monitor, November 2006 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Vientiane 2006 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Lao People's Democratic Republic s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS s ACCUMULATION OF ARREARS s ADB s AGGREGATE BUDGET s AGRICULTURE s ANNUAL AVERAGE RATE s ANNUAL REPORTING s APPROPRIATIONS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BILATERAL TRADE s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET ENVELOPE s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET LAW s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET SUPPORT s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL SPENDING s CASH MANAGEMENT s CASH POSITION s CENTRALIZATION s CHART OF ACCOUNTS s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE REFORM s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s COST-RECOVERY s DEBT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DISSEMINATION s DOMESTIC SAVINGS s DONOR ASSISTANCE s DONOR COORDINATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EDUCATION s EIB s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE POLICIES s EXPENDITURE PROGRAMS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL AUDITS s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL RESTRUCTURING s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STATISTICS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL PRESSURES s FISCAL STABILITY s FISCAL YEARS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FREE TRADE s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFLATION s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL BANKING s INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION s LABOR FORCE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVE BIRTHS s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MACROECONOMIC SITUATION s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MARKET ECONOMY s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MINISTRY OF INFORMATION s MONOPOLY s NATIONAL PLANNING s NATIONAL PLANS s NATIONAL PRIORITY s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET PRESENT VALUE s NEWSLETTER s OPERATING COSTS s PER CAPITA INCOME s PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT s POLICY MAKERS s POLICY PROCESSES s POVERTY ERADICATION s POVERTY ERADICATION STRATEGY s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION OBJECTIVES s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s PRESENT VALUE s PRICE CONTROLS s PRICE INDEX s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE ENTERPRISES s PRIVATE FIRMS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE PROVIDERS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT OF GOODS s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRESS s PROVISIONS s PRUDENT FISCAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE POLICY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REFORM s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT PROGRAMS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING s REAL GDP s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REFORM AGENDA s REFORM PROGRAM s REFORM STRATEGY s RESPECT s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE GRANTS s REVENUE PROJECTIONS s SANITATION s SCHOOL-AGE POPULATION s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOCIAL INDICATORS s SOCIAL SECTOR s SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s STATE ASSETS s STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES s STRUCTURAL REFORM s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s TAX s TAX BASE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX LAW s TAX REVENUE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL REVENUE s TOTAL SPENDING s TRADE BARRIERS s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORTATION s TREASURY s TRUST FUNDS s URBAN POPULATION s UTILITIES s VALUE ADDED s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY s WORKING CAPITAL s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US Lao PDR economic performance has continued to improve during 2006. Real GDP grew at 7.0 percent in 2005 and is now expected to be slightly higher at 7.3 percent in 2006. This growth is in large part due to foreign investment inflows in mining and hydro-power and growing mineral exports, but the share of non-mining contributions has increased this year, reaching 4.9 out of 7.3 percent. Agriculture, manufacturing and services sectors are expected to sustain growth, due to rising FDI in agriculture, manufacturing, and increasing trend in services (especially tourism). Inflation (of Consumer Price Index) has continued to remain in single digits: after rising early this year it has dropped remarkably during the last few months, to 5.5 percent in September and 3.7 percent in October 2006. This paper includes the following headings: introduction; part 1 recent economic developments -- the macroeconomic situation, elaboration and implementation of the Poverty Reduction Strategy; part 2 structural reforms -- public expenditure policy and management, reform of state-owned enterprises, financial sector reform, trade reform, and private sector development; and part 3 donor assistance to the reform agenda -- public sector governance; reform of state owned enterprises & financial sector; trade reform; and private sector, tourism development, and land reform 40 17-11-21 00:18:52.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872202 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19629 Volltext, Open Access

1759727636

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:14.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727636 OCoLC 1255600367 WBOKR 19628 EBP 064562107 KEP 064562107 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19628 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India - Strengthening Institutions for Sustainable Growth Country Environmental Analysis World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ABATEMENT s ABATEMENT COSTS s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ADMINISTRATIVE ENFORCEMENT s AIR QUALITY s APPROACH s ASH s BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND s CAPACITY BUILDING s CARBON s CARBON FINANCE s CHEMICAL POLLUTION s CITIZEN s CITIZEN INVOLVEMENT s CITIZENS s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY STAKEHOLDERS s CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM s CLEAN ENERGY s CLEANER TECHNOLOGY s CLIMATE CHANGE s COAL s COAL POWER PLANTS s COMPLIANCE ASSISTANCE s COMPLIANCE MONITORING s CONSERVATION s CONSULTATIVE PROCESS s CORRECTIVE ACTIONS s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES s DEVELOPMENT PLANNING s DISSEMINATION s ECOLOGY s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIC INCENTIVES s ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS s ECOSYSTEM s EFFECTIVE ACTION s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS STANDARDS s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY CONSERVATION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY GENERATION s ENERGY SOURCE s ENERGY SOURCES s ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITIES s ENFORCEMENT EFFORTS s ENVIRONMENT POLICY s ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM s ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS s ENVIRONMENTAL AGENCIES s ENVIRONMENTAL AGENDA s ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITING s ENVIRONMENTAL AUTHORITIES s ENVIRONMENTAL BONDS s ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES s ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ENFORCEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS s ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION s ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS s ENVIRONMENTAL LICENSE s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING s ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTIVES s ENVIRONMENTAL OUTCOMES s ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IMPLEMENTATION s ENVIRONMENTAL PRIORITIES s ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY s ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION s ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS s ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY INDEX s ENVIRONMENTAL VIOLATIONS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXTERNALITIES s FORESTRY s FUEL s GAS s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s HAZARDOUS WASTE s HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT s HYDRO POWER s INCOME s INDOOR AIR s INDOOR AIR POLLUTION s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION s INDUSTRIAL SECTOR s INDUSTRIAL WASTE s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS s KNOWLEDGE BASE s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MANDATES s MODERNIZATION s NATIONAL DIALOGUE s NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGENCIES s NATURAL ENVIRONMENT s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCE BASE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NITROGEN s NITROGEN OXIDES s ORGANIC COMPOUNDS s OXYGEN s PARTICULATE s PARTICULATE MATTER s POINT SOURCES s POLLUTERS s POLLUTION s POLLUTION CONTROL s POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD s POLLUTION LOAD s POLLUTION SOURCES s POPULATION DENSITY s POWER CORPORATION s POWER GENERATION s POWER PLANTS s POWER SECTOR s PRESENT VALUE s PRIMARY ENERGY s PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY s PROGRESS s PUBLIC ATTENTION s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PUBLIC DEMAND s PUBLIC GOOD s PUBLIC HEARING s PUBLIC INTEREST s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s RAISE AWARENESS s REGULATORY AGENCIES s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION s RESIDENTIAL AREAS s RESPECT s RURAL AREAS s SANITATION s SCARCE RESOURCES s SCIENTIFIC BASIS s SECTORAL POLICIES s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SPATIAL PLANNING s STATE GOVERNMENTS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL CAPACITY s THERMAL POWER s TOXIC CHEMICALS s TRANSMISSION LINES s URBAN AIR POLLUTION s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN ENVIRONMENT s URBANIZATION s VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS s VOLUNTARY INITIATIVES pha English en_US The objective of this Country Environmental Analysis was to help strengthen the environmental policy implementation framework, to meet the challenges of a rapidly growing and extraordinarily diverse economy in India. In particular, the study aimed at assisting with the implementation of the new National Environment Policy (NEP 2006), which was released in draft for public consultation at the time this study was initiated. This study focused on identifying and proposing ways to address major gaps in the existing institutional arrangements, as well as regulations and incentives for post-EM environmental compliance and performance. In view of the focus on the growth-environment nexus, the study covered three select sectors - industry, power (including three distinct sub-sectors: coal-based power generation, hydro power generation, and transmission), and highways - that are among the key drivers of growth. Together, these sectors represent a wide range of environmental impacts, sources and regulatory issues that allows drawing conclusions of broad relevance. The analytical framework used by this study was a combination of sector-wide reviews, based on secondary data of issues, policies, regulations and institutions, with several case studies of implementation experiences. Ranging across seven Indian States, the project-level case studies helped to gain a deeper understanding of barriers, as well as contributors, to better environmental compliance and performance in the real-life situation. The case studies involved primary data collection and consultations with local stakeholders. Selective reviews of international experience in environmental management were also conducted. The findings from all reviews and case studies have been integrated to leverage support for corrective actions building on a growing number of good practices in India and internationally. The key findings and recommendations of the study are grouped under five themes: (i) facilitating national dialogue and public participation; (ii) expanding the regulatory toolkit to enable environmental compliance; (iii) strengthening the capacity o f environmental agencies to meet the growing demands, (iv) aligning sectoral incentives with environmental priorities; and (v) working across sectors 40 17-11-21 00:18:52.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872210 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19628 Volltext, Open Access

1759727644

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727644 OCoLC 1255600277 WBOKR 19444 EBP 064562093 KEP 064562093 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19444 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India Note on Financial Accountability Systems of Selected State Level Power Sector Entities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCOUNT s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTANTS s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING POLICIES s ACCOUNTING PRACTICES s ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCOUNTS s AUDIT COMMITTEES s AUDIT REPORTS s AUDITED ACCOUNTS s AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s AUDITING s AUDITING PROFESSION s AUDITING STANDARDS s AUDITORS REPORTS s AUDITS s AUTHORITY s CADRES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS s CONSENSUS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CUSTOMER SERVICE s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING s DEPRECIATION s DISCLOSURE s ELECTRICITY s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING s FINANCIAL CONTROL s FINANCIAL DISCIPLINE s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL POLICIES s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL SITUATION s GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES s GOVERNMENT COMPANY s GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS s GOVERNMENT LEVEL s GOVERNMENT RESOURCES s GOVERNMENT SUBSIDY s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS s INTEREST COSTS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION s INTERNAL AUDITING s INTERNAL AUDITORS s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATIVE ACTS s LICENSES s OVERHEAD s POLITICAL INTERFERENCE s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PROVISIONING s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICE s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s REPORTING s STATE GOVERNMENT s STATE POWER s STATE SUBSIDIES s STATUTORY AUDITORS s STREETS s TRANSPARENCY s UTILITIES English en_US This study on financial accountability systems of selected state level power sector entities for India examines and highlights systemic issues of accounting, financial reporting, auditing, disclosure practices as well as capacity and policy gaps in state power sector entities. Sustainable recommendations have been developed to remove roadblocks and strengthen financial management, reporting and disclosure practices. Review and analysis of public material, financial statements, surveys and discussions with stakeholders have been used to understand operational practices and to report on the level of subsidies and return on investment. Finally, the study focuses on consensus building with stakeholders on key issues and solutions. The purpose of the recommendations is to advise the Bank and stakeholders, feeding into the Country Assistance Strategy (CAS), on the quality of corporate governance, reporting and management answerability for public investment ' in the power sector 40 17-11-21 00:18:52.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872229 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19444 Volltext, Open Access

1759727652

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727652 OCoLC 1255600386 WBOKR 19449 EBP 064562085 KEP 064562085 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19449 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Iraq Country Water Resource Assistance Strategy Addressing Major Threats to People's Livelihoods World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Iraq Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER s ACCOUNTABILITY TO USERS s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY s AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES s AQUIFERS s AVAILABLE WATER s AVAILABLE WATER RESOURCES s BARRAGES s BULK WATER s BULK WATER SUPPLY s CANALS s CAPACITY BUILDING s COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTURE s CONFLUENCE s CONSTRUCTION s COVERING s CROP PRODUCTION s CUBIC METERS s DEMAND FOR WATER s DEMAND MANAGEMENT s DISCHARGE s DISSOLVED SOLIDS s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DIVERSION s DRAINAGE s DROUGHT s ECOSYSTEM s ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS s ENVIRONMENTAL NEEDS s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMING PRACTICES s FLOOD CONTROL s FLOOD RISK s FLOODING s FLOODS s FOOD SECURITY s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s HOUSEHOLDS s HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING s HYDROELECTRIC POWER s HYDROGEOLOGY s HYDROLOGY s HYDROPOWER CAPACITY s INDUSTRIAL USE s INDUSTRIAL WATER s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s IRRIGATION s IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGY s IRRIGATION WATER s LAKES s LAND REFORM s LARGE DAMS s MAINTENANCE OF FACILITIES s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s MANAGING WATER RESOURCES s MARSH s MARSHES s MIDDLE EAST s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL WATER PLAN s NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY s NORTH AFRICA s ON-FARM WATER MANAGEMENT s PERMITS s POOR WATER QUALITY s POTABLE WATER s POTABLE WATER QUALITY s POWER GENERATION s PROGRAMS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROPERTY OWNERS s PUBLIC WORKS s PUMPING s PUMPING STATIONS s QUALITY OF WATER s QUANTITY OF WATER s RAINFALL s RAINFALL DISTRIBUTION s RAW SEWAGE s REGIONAL GOVERNMENT s RESERVOIRS s RIPARIAN s RIVER BASIN s RIVER BASINS s RIVER SYSTEM s RIVERS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s SALINITY s SANITATION s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SEDIMENTS s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE STANDARDS s STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION s TRANSBOUNDARY WATERS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s USE OF WATER s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WASTEWATER SECTOR s WATER ALLOCATION s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER CONVEYANCE s WATER CONVEYANCE SYSTEMS s WATER CRISIS s WATER DEMAND s WATER DEVELOPMENT s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER FLOWS s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER LEVELS s WATER LOGGING s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER MANAGEMENT TOOLS s WATER PARTNERSHIP s WATER PRICING s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUANTITY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER RIGHTS s WATER SALES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICES s WATER STORAGE s WATER SUPPLY s WATER TRANSFER s WATER USE s WATER USERS s WATER UTILITIES s WATERS s WELLS s WETLANDS English en_US This report for Iraq - country water resources assistance strategy (CWRAS) addresses these objectives in two parts. The first part, which is largely descriptive, reviews existing conditions and summarizes Iraq's considerable accomplishments over the past decades in developing and managing water resources. The second part investigates challenges and priorities-how to balance the needs of short-term reconstruction and the long-term infrastructure and institutional development requirements. Overall, the report recommends interim donor assistance to the Government of Iraq through support for a combination of policy work, technical assistance, and priority investments 40 17-11-21 00:18:52.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872237 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19449 Volltext, Open Access

1759727660

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727660 OCoLC 1255600357 WBOKR 19252 EBP 064562077 KEP 064562077 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19252 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Fiscal Space for Infrastructure Borrowing in South-Eastern Europe A Suggested Approach World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia s AGGREGATE DEMAND s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BONDS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGETARY EXPENDITURES s BURDEN OF ADJUSTMENT s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL SPENDING s CATEGORIES OF EXPENDITURE s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s COMMERCIAL CREDITORS s COMPETITIVENESS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CREDITORS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEBT s DEBT DATA s DEBT DYNAMICS s DEBT RATIO s DEBT REDUCTION s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PROJECTIONS s DEBT SITUATION s DOMESTIC DEBT s DONOR ASSISTANCE s ECONOMIC PROJECTIONS s EFFICIENCY OF GOVERNMENT SPENDING s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT CAPACITY s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEBT SERVICE s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL IMBALANCES s EXTERNAL PAYMENTS s EXTERNAL PUBLIC DEBT s FISCAL ACCOUNTS s FISCAL ADJUSTMENT s FISCAL ADJUSTMENT EFFORTS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL BALANCES s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION EFFORTS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY s FISCAL SHOCKS s FISCAL SURPLUS s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL TARGETS s FISCAL TIGHTENING s FOREIGN DEBT s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROWTH RATE s INCOME LEVELS s INCREASE IN TAX REVENUES s INFLATION s INFORMAL SECTOR s INFRASTRUCTURE EXPENDITURE s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INTEREST COSTS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INVESTMENT EXPENDITURE s LEVEL OF DEBT s LEVEL OF EXPENDITURES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOW DEBT s MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s MACROECONOMIC SITUATION s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS DATA s NET PRESENT VALUE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIMARY SURPLUS s PRIVATE DEBT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC CAPITAL s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PURCHASING POWER s QUALITY STANDARDS s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REFORM EFFORTS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REVENUE INCREASES s ROADS s SAVINGS s SECTORAL REFORMS s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SIZE OF GOVERNMENT s SOVEREIGN BONDS s SPENDING LEVELS s STRUCTURAL FUNDS s TAX s TAX REVENUES s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s TOTAL SPENDING s TRANSITION ECONOMIES English en_US The seven countries of South Eastern Europe (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, FYR Macedonia, Romania, and Serbia and Montenegro) are in the process of transition, undertaking significant fiscal adjustment as they seek to move to a path of sustainable growth. Previous high debt has been reduced and/or restructured for most countries, which have committed to a path of fiscal responsibility as one of the key ingredients in the recovery process. Fiscal consolidation is also necessary in order to prepare the ground for future entry into the European Union (EU), including for being in a position to incur expenditures arising from the obligations of future EU membership. A significant amount of new borrowing for infrastructure investment is being contemplated by these countries, often based on bilateral and multilateral funding. This short approach paper seeks to set out the key issues that will need to be kept in mind when evaluating the proposed borrowing and investments. While the note is indicative, and needs to be supplemented by more detailed analysis by each Government, it suggests that caution needs to be exercised in any new borrowing. To the extent that capital expenditure is financed by loans from international institutions and partners, the same word of caution applies to them in their infrastructure lending to the countries of South Eastern Europe 40 17-11-21 00:18:52.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872245 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19252 Volltext, Open Access

1759727679

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727679 OCoLC 1255600524 WBOKR 19450 EBP 064562069 KEP 064562069 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19450 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Pakistan An Assessment of the Medium-Term Development Framework World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ACADEMIC COMMUNITY s ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE s ACADEMIC STAFF s ACCREDITATION s ACCREDITATION BODIES s ADDITIONAL RESOURCES s ADVANCED RESEARCH s AGE GROUP s ASSESSMENT MECHANISM s CALL s CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE s COLLEGE EDUCATION s COLLEGES s COMPUTER SCIENCE s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM CONTENT s DISTANCE LEARNING s DISTANCE LEARNING INSTITUTIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION BUDGET s EDUCATION FOR ALL s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION MANAGEMENT s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION PROGRAMS s EDUCATION SECTOR s ENROLLMENT s ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES s EXAMINATION FEES s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL EFFICIENCY s FACULTIES s FACULTY DEVELOPMENT s FACULTY MEMBERS s FIELDS OF STUDY s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR s HIGHER EDUCATION STAKEHOLDERS s HIGHER EDUCATION SUBSECTOR s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INDIRECT COSTS s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSTITUTIONAL ACCREDITATION s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s LABOR MARKET s LEARNING s LEARNING ENVIRONMENT s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LET s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL EDUCATION s LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s NATIONAL EDUCATION s NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY s NET ENROLLMENT s NET ENROLLMENT RATE s OPEN UNIVERSITY s PASS RATE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE ENROLLMENTS s PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION s PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS s PROVINCIAL UNIVERSITIES s PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION s PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES s QUALITY ASSESSMENT s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY OF TEACHING s QUALITY TEACHING s RESEARCH CENTERS s RESOURCES PER STUDENT s SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM s SCHOLARSHIPS s SCHOOL CERTIFICATE s SCIENTIFIC FIELDS s SECONDARY CERTIFICATE s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s STAFF SALARIES s STUDENT ENROLLMENTS s STUDENT FEES s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT POPULATION s STUDENT-TEACHER RATIO s TEACHER s TEACHER EDUCATION s TEACHING s TEACHING METHODS s TEACHING STAFF s TENURE s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS s TERTIARY LEVELS s TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TUITION s TUITION FEES s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s UNIVERSITY ENROLLMENTS s UNIVERSITY FACULTY s UNIVERSITY GRANTS s UNIVERSITY LEADERSHIP s UNIVERSITY STAFF English en_US The Policy Note is an assessment of the Medium-Term Development Framework (MTDF), along with an estimate of the projected budgetary impact of the Framework, and an elaboration of some specific critical aspects. The MTDF is the Pakistani version of a higher education strategy. It is assessed for soundness, consistency, and realism of the objectives and associated programs. The Note tests the MTDF through the simulation of budgetary impact, and proposes alternative scenarios for funding the development of universities and the higher education subsector from both public and private sources. The Note complements the MTDF in the following areas: quality, relevance, and accreditation; public and private partnerships; governance and management; costs and financing of the MTDF; and communication 40 17-11-21 00:18:52.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872253 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19450 Volltext, Open Access

1759727687

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727687 OCoLC 1255600387 WBOKR 19256 EBP 064562050 KEP 064562050 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19256 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Timor-Leste The Business Regulatory Environment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Timor-Leste s ACCOUNT s ACCOUNTANTS s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTS s ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES s ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION s AUDITING s AUDITING STANDARDS s AUDITORS s AUTHORITY s BANKRUPTCY s BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS s BUSINESS COMMUNITY s BUSINESS INDICATORS s BUSINESS REGULATION s CIVIL LAW s CIVIL SOCIETY s COMMON LAW s COMPETITION POLICY s COMPETITIVE ACTIVITY s COMPLAINTS s CONSULTATION s CONSULTATION PROCESS s CORRUPTION s DEBT COLLECTION s DECISION MAKERS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT REFORM s HUMAN RIGHTS s IMPACT ASSESSMENT s INSURANCE s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LAWS s LAWYERS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL SYSTEM s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY s MEDIATION s MINISTER s MINISTERS s NOTARIES s PROFESSIONAL BODIES s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY CONTROL s REGULATORY DEVELOPMENT s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY INSTRUMENTS s SALES s SETS OF REGULATIONS English en_US Timor-Leste started as an independent country facing some very difficult challenges. The country was extremely short of skilled human resources and remains so. It faced the challenge of moving from the inherited Indonesian legal system to a new legal system based on the lusophone tradition. Added to this was the adoption of Portuguese as a new official language. Good work has been done by the Government and the Parliament in addressing the constraints and creating the building blocks of the legal and regulatory framework needed for competitive and equitable private sector development. In setting its development agenda for the business regulatory environment we recommend that the Government take account of the realities in Timor-Leste by adopting several key guiding principles: accept that everything cannot be done at once. ; accept the reality that institutions cannot be built overnight; adopt pragmatic solutions which take this fact into account and minimize the administrative burden; in building institutions, focus on those that are identified as bottlenecks and impediments to private sector investment and growth; enlist the support and resources available in the private sector, not only in diagnosing problems but also in devising and implementing pragmatic solutions; and make maximum use of the support available from the donors and other external sources to support this agenda 40 17-11-21 00:18:52.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872261 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19256 Volltext, Open Access

1759727695

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727695 OCoLC 1255600019 WBOKR 19468 EBP 064562042 KEP 064562042 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19468 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India - District Poverty Initiatives Project Joint Interim Assessment - Understanding Differences in Project Design World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCOUNTABILITY s ADMINISTRATIVE FEASIBILITY s BANKS s BENEFICIARIES s BLOCK GRANTS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITALS s CBO s CHILD LABOR s CIVIL SOCIETY s COMMERCIAL CREDIT s COMMON PROPERTY s COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY FORESTRY s COMMUNITY GROUPS s COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT s COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITY VOLUNTEER s CONSENSUS s COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS s CREDIT PROGRAMS s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DISADVANTAGED PEOPLE s DPIP s EMPOWERMENT OF COMMUNITIES s EXTERNALITIES s FARMERS s FIGURES s GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION s GRASSROOTS ORGANIZATIONS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPACT EVALUATION s INCOME s INCOME GAINS s INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING s INTENDED BENEFICIARIES s INTEREST GROUP s INTEREST GROUPS s INTEREST RATES s IRRIGATION s LACK OF EDUCATION s LEARNING s LINE MINISTRIES s LIVELIHOOD s LIVELIHOODS s LOCAL CONDITIONS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL LEVEL s LOGICAL FRAMEWORK s MARGINALIZED GROUPS s MIDDLE EAST s MOBILIZATION s NATURAL RESOURCES s NGO s NORTH AFRICA s PARTICIPATORY PROCESS s POLITICAL COMMITMENT s POLITICAL SUPPORT s POOR s POOR PEOPLE s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY INITIATIVES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PREPARATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRAM DESIGNS s PROGRAMS s PROJECT DESIGN s PUBLIC s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR INSTITUTIONS s RETURN ON ASSETS s RURAL s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RURAL POOR s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION s RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECT s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SEED MONEY s SELF HELP GROUPS s SELF-HELP s SERVICE DELIVERY s SHG s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL FUNDS s TARGET GROUP s TARGET GROUPS s TARGETING s VILLAGE s VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT s VILLAGES s WATER SUPPLY s WEALTH RANKING English en_US Since 2000, the World Bank has been engaged in community driven development projects called District Poverty Initiatives Projects in four States: Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Rajasthan. These projects are built on the principle of improving rural livelihoods as well as fostering community empowerment. These projects give particular emphasis to the empowerment of communities and groups, with a special focus on women and other excluded segments of the community. The objective of this Joint Interim Assessment is to take stock of what has been learned from the projects, with an eye towards improving the design and implementation of future projects of this type, a number of which are already in the pipeline 40 17-11-21 00:18:52.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987227X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19468 Volltext, Open Access

1759727709

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727709 OCoLC 1255600455 WBOKR 19463 EBP 064562034 KEP 064562034 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19463 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Improving Management of Municipal Solid Waste in India Overview and Challenges David Hanrahan VerfasserIn aut A. Sita Ramakrishna VerfasserIn aut Sanjay Srivastava VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ANIMALS s CAPACITY BUILDING s COLLECTION OF WASTE s COMMUNITIES s COMPOSTING s DISPOSAL PROBLEM s DRAINAGE s DRAINAGE SYSTEMS s EMISSIONS s EMPLOYMENT s FINAL DISPOSAL s GARBAGE s GARBAGE COLLECTION s GARBAGE COLLECTION SERVICE s GARBAGE DISPOSAL s GENERATION RATE s LANDFILL s LANDFILL CAPACITY s LANDFILL FACILITIES s LANDFILL SITES s LANDFILLS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s METROPOLITAN CITIES s MSW s MUNICIPAL SOLID s MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE s MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s MUNICIPAL WASTE s MUNICIPAL WASTE MANAGEMENT s MUNICIPAL WORKERS s MUNICIPALITIES s NEIGHBORHOOD s NIMBY s OPERATION & MAINTENANCE s POLLUTION s POLLUTION CONTROL s RDF s RECYCLING s REFUSE s SANITATION s SANITATION PROGRAM s SCAVENGERS s SEWAGE s SEWAGE TREATMENT s SLUMS s SOLID WASTE GENERATION s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s SOLID WASTE SYSTEMS s STREET CLEANING s SWM s TRANSFER STATIONS s TREATMENT TECHNIQUES s URBAN AREAS s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN DWELLERS s URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN PROJECTS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN SERVICES s URBANIZATION s USER CHARGES s VERMICOMPOSTING s WASTE COLLECTION s WASTE COLLECTORS s WASTE DISPOSAL s WASTE DUMPS s WASTE GENERATION s WASTE GENERATION RATE s WASTE QUANTITIES s WASTE STREAM s WASTE TO ENERGY s WATER SUPPLY s WTE English en_US This study summarizes the findings of a non-lending analytical activity carried out by the World Bank in 2004 and 2005. The work was driven by concern over the quality of the urban environment, and undertaken in a context of uncertainty on the suitability and effectiveness of Bank investment in this area, particularly in regard to components that generate little or no direct revenue, like waste disposal and sewage treatment. The immediate objectives involved addressing specific problems established in consultation with clients, and identifying obstacles and challenges to the improved management of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Indian cities. The broader long-term objective of this work is to support municipal authorities in improving the quality of the urban environment within their jurisdictions, with the aim of achieving related public health and economic benefits 40 17-11-21 00:18:53.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872288 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19463 Volltext, Open Access

1759727717

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727717 OCoLC 1255600538 WBOKR 19455 EBP 064562026 KEP 064562026 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19455 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Review of the Air Transport Sector in Tajikistan World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCIDENTS s ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS s AIM s AIR s AIR CARGO s AIR FARES s AIR SERVICE s AIR TRAFFIC s AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL s AIR TRANSPORT s AIR TRANSPORT SECTOR s AIRCRAFT s AIRCRAFT MOVEMENTS s AIRCRAFT TYPES s AIRLINES s AIRPORT s AIRPORT FACILITIES s AIRPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s AIRPORT OPERATIONS s AIRPORT OPERATOR s AIRPORT SERVICES s AIRPORTS s AVIATION FUEL s AVIATION POLICY s AVIATION SECTOR s BAGGAGE s BAGGAGE HANDLING s BARRIERS TO COMPETITION s BLACK MARKET s BOTTLENECKS s CARGO CONTAINERS s CARRIERS s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s CONCRETE s CROSS SUBSIDIES s CROSS SUBSIDIZATION s DEREGULATION s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC EFFECTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENTRY BARRIERS s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FIXED PRICES s FLIGHT s FOREIGN CARRIERS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FRAMEWORK s FREQUENT FLIGHTS s FUEL s FUEL PRICES s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS s INTERNATIONAL PASSENGERS s INTERNATIONAL TRAFFIC s INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL s INTERNATIONAL TRAVELERS s LIFTING s LOAD FACTORS s MARKET ACCESS s MIDDLE EAST s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MONOPOLISTIC BEHAVIOR s NATURAL MONOPOLY s NET INCOME s PALLETS s PARKING s PASSENGER s PASSENGER AIRCRAFT s PASSENGER TRAFFIC s PASSENGERS s PAVEMENT s POWER s ROUND TRIP s ROUTE s ROUTES s RUNWAY s SAFETY s SERVICE LEVELS s SERVICE PROVIDERS s STRUCTURES s TARIFF SETTING s TAX s TRAFFIC GROWTH s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORTATION s TRAVELERS s TRUCKS s VERTICAL INTEGRATION s WESTERN EUROPE English en_US The aviation sector in Tajikistan is struggling today under a very restrictive air transport policy. Together with it, the whole economy of the country is being deprived from the derived benefits of better connectivity, such as trade, travel, and technology transfer. While maintaining safety as the highest single priority, the Government recognizes that the air transport policy should allow for a liberalization of the markets, allowing better connectivity with more efficient services at lower prices. The only possible way to ensure the implementation of a liberalized policy, an appropriate institutional framework needs to be in place, allowing for the complete separation between the policy maker, the technical regulator and the operation. The airline, the airport, and the air traffic control will be separated in order to assure truly competition. Currently, all operations activities are concentrated at Tajikistan State Airlines (TSA). TSA is today an inefficient company that provides poor service to its customers at prices that are high and provide an involuntary price umbrella for the competition. Its present existence was granted by a protective environment, where a concentrated institutional framework allowed regulation to be tinted by policy motivations. Instead of promoting transparency in accounting and efficiency in operations, there have been initiatives to grant further loans that would end up fueling costs and inefficiencies, while not achieving any of the promised results. At bottom, all these inefficiencies are paid by the migrant worker community that travels to Russia at unjust air fares, representing a substantial part of their earnings. A new policy that would liberalize the sector will promote efficiency and lower the costs of travel, relieving the tax on a huge mass of people, which is crucial to the economy of Tajikistan 40 17-11-21 00:18:53.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872296 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19455 Volltext, Open Access

1759727725

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727725 OCoLC 1255600512 WBOKR 19457 EBP 064562018 KEP 064562018 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19457 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tajikistan Policy Note Enhancing the Development Impact of Remittances World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s ACCOUNT TRANSFER s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURE s ASYLUM s BALANCE OF PAYMENT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK TRANSFERS s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIC NEEDS s BUSINESS CYCLES s CASH INCOME s CASH TRANSFER s CASH-TO-CASH s CENTRAL ASIAN s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s CITIES s CITIZENS s CIVIL WAR s COLLECTIVE REMITTANCES s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPENSATION OF EMPLOYEES s COMPETITIVENESS s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT IMPACT OF REMITTANCES s DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES s DEVELOPMENTAL IMPACT s DISSEMINATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SITUATION s ECONOMIC TRANSITION s EMIGRATION s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPORTS s FAMILIES s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN WORKERS s GDP s HOME COUNTRY s HOST COUNTRIES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME EFFECT s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOMES s INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS s INFORMAL CHANNELS s INFORMAL TRANSFERS s INFORMATION DISSEMINATION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION s INTERNATIONAL POLICY s INTERNATIONAL REMITTANCES s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MIGRANTS s LATIN AMERICAN s LEGAL MIGRATION s LEGAL STATUS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOW BIRTH RATE s MARKET ECONOMY s MEDIA s MICROFINANCE s MIDDLE EAST s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MIGRANT s MIGRANT TRANSFERS s MIGRANT WORKERS s MIGRANT-SENDING COUNTRIES s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MIGRATION DATA s MIGRATION FLOWS s MIGRATION POLICIES s MIGRATION STATISTICS s MODERNIZATION s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY GRAM s MONEY ORDERS s MONEY TRANSFER s MONEY TRANSFER OPERATORS s MONEY TRANSFER SYSTEM s MONEY TRANSFER SYSTEMS s MONEY TRANSFERS s NET TRANSFER s NORTH AFRICA s NOW ACCOUNTS s OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s OFFICIAL REMITTANCE s OFFICIAL REMITTANCE TRANSFERS s PERSONAL REMITTANCES s POPULATION STUDIES s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC POLICY s RECIPIENT COUNTRIES s RECIPIENT HOUSEHOLDS s RECIPIENTS OF REMITTANCES s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCE FLOWS s REMITTANCE INFLOWS s REMITTANCE RECEIPTS s REMITTANCE RECIPIENTS s REMITTANCE SERVICES s REMITTANCE TRANSFER s REMITTANCE USE s REMITTANCES s REMITTANCES REMITTANCES s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY NET s SAVINGS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SEND MONEY s SEND REMITTANCES s SKILLED WORKERS s SMALL BUSINESS s SOCIAL SERVICE s SOUTH ASIAN s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRANSFER CHANNELS s TRANSFER COSTS s TRANSFER FEES s TRANSFER METHOD s TRANSFER METHODS s TRANSFER OF REMITTANCES s TRANSFER SERVICES s TRANSPORT s UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANTS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNSKILLED WORKERS s USES OF REMITTANCES s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABILITY s WAGES s WAR s WIRE TRANSFER s WIRE TRANSFERS s WORK PERMITS s WORKING POPULATION s WORLD POPULATION s WORLD POPULATION DATA English en_US Remittances have played an important role as one of the drivers of Tajikistan's robust economic growth during the past several years. The volume of official remittances has significantly increased since 2001 and now represent close to 12 percent of GDP (2004). Remittances have become the most important source of external financing for the balance of payments, have increased incomes, and as a result helped reduce poverty. Recognizing their importance, the Tajikistan authorities have sought to sustain remittance flows. However, anecdotal evidence indicates that migrants are not sufficiently integrated into the Tajikistan financial system, much less that of the destination countries (e.g. Russia). This Policy Note has two main objectives: (1) to expand knowledge of the size of remittances, their sending mechanisms (especially through formal channels), and their use; and (2) to propose policy recommendations to enhance the development impact of remittances. The report is organized into six sections, including an Introduction. The sections provide background on migration and remittances related to Tajikistan; discuss the estimation of remittance size and data issues; examine the transfer channels of remittances (their cost, access, and speed), their use, and the impact of remittances by highlighting impediments to the efficiency of remittance transfer services through formal channels, examining the use of remittances by recipient households in Tajikistan, and identifying impacts of remittances on the economy; and drawing some of the key lessons learned from the international experience that could be considered in the Tajik context. The final section recommends policies to enhance the development impact of remittances taking into account the Tajik context and identifies topics for further research 40 17-11-21 00:18:53.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987230X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19457 Volltext, Open Access

1759727733

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727733 OCoLC 1255600456 WBOKR 19446 EBP 06456200X KEP 06456200X 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19446 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India Building Capacities for Public Private Partnerships World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s BUDGETARY CONSTRAINTS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CREDITWORTHINESS s DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION s DOCUMENTS s E-GOVERNANCE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL LEGISLATION s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s HOUSING s HUMAN RESOURCES s INFORMATION DISSEMINATION s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORKS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL LEVEL s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS s MUNICIPAL LEVEL s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s POLITICAL COMMITMENT s POLITICAL WILL s PORTS s PPP s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INTEREST s PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR PAY s PUBLIC SERVICE s ROADS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVISION s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s STATE GOVERNMENT s STATE GOVERNMENTS s STATE PROPERTY s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRADITIONAL METHODS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s USER FEES s VIS English en_US This report concentrate on projects where private investment has been made, and where the government is either the purchaser of services under the project, or where it provides a financial contribution through direct investment or through risk bearing. The main sectors of focus are transportation (ports, airports, roads, and rail), water and sanitation and other urban infrastructure (solid waste management, light rail, bus terminals) 40 17-11-21 00:18:53.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872318 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19446 Volltext, Open Access

1759727741

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727741 OCoLC 1255600340 WBOKR 19255 EBP 064561992 KEP 064561992 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19255 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Monitoring Poverty in Uttar Pradesh A Report on the Second Poverty and Social Monitoring Survey Government of Uttar Pradesh VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ABSOLUTE TERMS s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCESS TO FACILITIES s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ADVERSE IMPACTS s AGGREGATE OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL LABORERS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL WORKERS s ANNUAL GROWTH s ANNUAL GROWTH RATE s ANTENATAL CARE s ANTI-POVERTY s ANTIPOVERTY PROGRAMS s BASIC EDUCATION s BENEFICIARIES s BULLETIN s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CHANGES IN POVERTY s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD MORTALITY s CLEAN WATER s COMBAT POVERTY s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION POVERTY s CREDIT PROGRAM s DATA SETS s DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES s DISABILITY s DRINKING WATER s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INDICATORS s ECONOMIC STAGNATION s ECONOMIC SURVEYS s ECONOMICS s EDUCATION s EDUCATION PROGRAMS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EMPLOYMENT GENERATION s EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s FAMILY HEALTH s FAMILY PLANNING s FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES s FOOD COMMODITIES s FOOD ITEMS s FOOD SHARE s FOOD SUPPLEMENTS s FORMAL EDUCATION s GINI COEFFICIENT s GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS s GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS s GROWTH RATES s HEADCOUNT POVERTY s HEADCOUNT RATIO s HEALTH s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH SECTOR s HIGH GROWTH s HIGH GROWTH RATE s HOME DELIVERIES s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD LEVEL s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSEHOLDS WITH ELECTRICITY s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s ILLNESS s IMMUNIZATIONS s INCOME s INCOME GROUPS s INCOMES INCREASE s INCREASED INVESTMENT s INCREASING INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INFANT MORTALITY RATES s INFORMED DECISIONS s INTERMEDIATE VARIABLES s IRRIGATION s LITERACY RATES s LIVE BIRTHS s LIVING CONDITIONS s LIVING STANDARDS s MARRIED WOMEN s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s OLD AGE s OLD AGE PENSION s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY MAKERS s POLICY PERSPECTIVE s POOR s POPULATION CENSUS s POPULATION ESTIMATES s POSTNATAL CARE s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY HEADCOUNT INDEX s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATE s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATES s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY MEASURE s POVERTY MEASURES s POVERTY MONITORING s POVERTY MONITORING SYSTEM s POVERTY PROGRAMS s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PREGNANCY s PRESS RELEASE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRO-POOR s PROGRESS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC PROGRAMS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICE s RATE OF GROWTH s REDUCING POVERTY s REFORM PROGRAM s RESPECT s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY INCIDENCE s RURAL POVERTY RATE s RURAL URBAN POVERTY s SAFE MOTHERHOOD s SANITATION s SANITATION FACILITIES s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE QUALITY s SEX s SIGNIFICANT IMPACT s SIGNIFICANT REDUCTIONS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL GROUP s SOCIAL MONITORING s SOCIAL PERFORMANCE s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOURCE OF DRINKING WATER s SQUARED POVERTY GAP s STATISTICAL ANALYSIS s TARGETING s TRADITIONAL HEALERS s URBAN AREAS s USE OF FAMILY PLANNING s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WAGE EMPLOYMENT English en_US The report aims to provide a quick statistical update on changes in poverty and living conditions and access to services between the two periods of February and June 200, and 2002-2003, the two data points. At the same time, the Government of Uttar Pradesh requested the Bank's support for a preparation of a joint report with a wider and deeper scope of analysis focusing on determinants and changes in living conditions of the Uttar Pradesh population and assessing performance of current policies and programs with respect to their impacts on the poor. This report highlights income and poverty trends between 1993/94 and 2002/03, education trends between 1999/2000 and 2002/03, health trends in the late 1990s-early 2000), access to amenities trends between 1999/2000 and 2002/03, and government program trends between 1999/2000 and 2002/03 40 17-11-21 00:18:53.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872326 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19255 Volltext, Open Access

175972775X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972775X OCoLC 1255600498 WBOKR 19251 EBP 064561984 KEP 064561984 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19251 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Chile Towards Equality of Opportunity, 2006-2010 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Chile Latin America & Caribbean s ACCESS TO PRESCHOOL s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ANNUITIES s BABIES s BASIC EDUCATION s CANCER s CAPITAL COSTS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CITIZENS s DEREGULATION s DEVELOPMENT POLICIES s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DISEASES s DISPARITIES BETWEEN MEN s DISSEMINATION s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s EDUCATION INVESTMENT s EDUCATION POLICIES s EDUCATION SPENDING s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS s ENROLLMENT s ENROLLMENT RATE s ENROLLMENT RATE OF CHILDREN s EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES s EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY s EQUITABLE ACCESS s EQUITABLE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s EVASION s EXTERNALITIES s FAMILY WELFARE s FEMALE LABOR FORCE s FEMALE PARTICIPATION s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s GENDER DISCRIMINATION s GROSS ENROLLMENT s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH POLICY s HEALTH REFORM s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SYSTEM s HIGH INEQUALITY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPACT ON POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME SUPPORT s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INSURERS s INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS s INTERVENTIONS s JOB CREATION s JOB SECURITY s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LATIN AMERICAN s LEARNING s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOW ENROLLMENT RATES s LOW ENROLMENT RATES s MACROECONOMIC SHOCKS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MALE LABOR FORCE s MALNUTRITION s MARKET FAILURES s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MOTHER s MUNICIPALITIES s NEW ENTRANTS s OLD AGE s PARTICIPATION IN DECISION s PENSION POLICIES s PENSIONS s POLICY ANALYST s POLICY DIALOGUE s POLICY MAKERS s POOR s POOR HOUSEHOLD s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION s PRE-SCHOOL PROGRAMS s PREPRIMARY EDUCATION s PRESCHOOL EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PROGRESS s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PUBLIC s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF SERVICES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESPECT s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITY s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SCHOOL QUALITY s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL ENROLMENT s SERVICE PROVISION s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SUPPORT s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT SUBSIDIES s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TARGETING s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX CREDITS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRANSPARENCY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNIVERSAL ACCESS s URBAN AREAS s YOUNG CHILDREN pha English en_US This package of policy papers aims to provide the Government with new analytical findings, international experiences, as well as a number of options which might be of interest in the deliberations of policy actions that could improve equalities of opportunity in Chilean society. The package includes a Development Policy Review which examines policy options that could help Chile to achieve the twin goals of fast and equitable growth. The Development Policy Review focuses on social protection, education, innovation, private sector development, and the financing of development policies. Further, the package includes five specific Policy Notes which provide additional in-depth discussions on a number of selected topics, all of them important to improving equalities of opportunity in the country. These specific topics had been suggested to us by a number of senior Chilean policy makers over the past months as being of potential interest for the incoming Chilean Government. This presentation of World Bank documents shows, in the second section, some dimensions of inequalities of opportunity in Chile today. The third section summarizes the main messages of the Development Policy Review and the specific Policy Notes in four broad areas of pro-equity policies: strengthening and protecting human capacities; ensuring access to infrastructure services and equitable regional development opportunities; strengthening markets, protecting people against macro-economic shocks and fostering innovation-led growth; and financing pro-equity development policies. Finally, the last section presents the results of some quantifications as to what the results of a number of pro-equity policies could be on growth, poverty, and income inequality 40 17-11-21 00:18:53.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872334 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19251 Volltext, Open Access

1759727768

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727768 OCoLC 1255600552 WBOKR 19453 EBP 064561976 KEP 064561976 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19453 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Sri Lanka - Selected Public Expenditure Issues, 2003/2004 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Public expenditure review (PER) South Asia Sri Lanka s ACCOUNTABILITY s ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE s ANNUAL PERFORMANCE s ANNUAL REPORT s BASELINE PROJECTIONS s BASELINE SCENARIO s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET CIRCULAR s BUDGET FORMULATION s BUDGET FORMULATION PROCESS s BUDGET FRAMEWORK s BUDGET POSITION s BUDGETARY IMPACT s BUDGETARY POSITION s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT RATIO s DEBT RATIOS s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT SERVICING COSTS s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEFICIT FINANCING s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC MARKET s EDUCATION BUDGET s EXPENDITURE ISSUES s EXPENDITURE RATIONALIZATION s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FINANCIAL BURDEN s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL POSITION s FINANCIAL STATUS s FISCAL ADJUSTMENT s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION EFFORTS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICIT TARGET s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL IMBALANCES s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL OPERATIONS s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL POSITION s FISCAL SAVINGS s FISCAL STRATEGY s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL TARGETS s GDP DEFLATOR s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT FINANCE STATISTICS s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s HARD BUDGET CONSTRAINT s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH OUTCOMES s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INDEXATION s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INVESTMENT RETURN s LEVIES s MACROECONOMIC ASSUMPTIONS s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL INCOME s NET LENDING s NOMINAL INTEREST RATE s OLD-AGE s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION SCHEME s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME TAX s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s PRIMARY BALANCE s PRIMARY DEFICIT s PRIMARY SURPLUS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC BUDGET s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR DEFICITS s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR SPENDING s PUBLIC SECTOR WAGES s PUBLIC SECTORS s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL GDP s REFORM PRIORITIES s REFORM PROCESS s REGULATORY SYSTEM s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s SECTOR EXPENDITURE s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOCIAL INDICATORS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SECURITY FUNDS s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOCIAL WELFARE SPENDING s SOUTH ASIAN s STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES s STATED OBJECTIVES s SURPLUS LABOR s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BASE s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAXATION s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL REVENUE s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s UNCERTAINTY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VALUE ADDED English en_US This sector report for Sri Lanka - Selected public expenditure issues, 2003/2004 concentrates on the major expenditure issues facing the Government of Sri Lanka. The topic of government revenues is also, albeit briefly, touched on. The policy notes commence with a look at three overarching issues of concern for fiscal policy. The first focus is on the sustainability of the rapidly rising public debt and persistent fiscal deficits. Next, a potential contingent liability, the public service pension scheme, is examined. The note looks at the budgetary impact of the pension scheme and its medium- to long-term financial viability. The final cross-cutting expenditure issue investigated-public sector pay and employment-is a critical subject for Sri Lanka, a country with one of the highest per capita staffing rates in the developing world. The analysis reviews the ability of the administration to deliver services effectively to its citizens, particularly in a setting marked by the proliferation of various institutions with unclear mandates and overlapping functions 40 17-11-21 00:18:53.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872342 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19453 Volltext, Open Access

1759727776

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:16.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727776 OCoLC 1255600250 WBOKR 19448 EBP 064561968 KEP 064561968 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19448 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Upper Egypt--Challenges and Priorities for Rural Development World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS TO SERVICES s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL SERVICES s AGRICULTURE s ANIMAL PRODUCTS s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s CAPACITY BUILDING s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CREDIT ACCESS s CREDIT SCHEMES s CROP PRODUCTION s CROPS s DAIRY PRODUCTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION MAKING s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DISADVANTAGED AREAS s DIVERSIFICATION s DRAINAGE s DRINKING WATER s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EQUIPMENT s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORTS s FARM ACTIVITIES s FARM EMPLOYMENT s FARM INCOME s FARM INCOMES s FARM SIZE s FARM-GATE s FARMERS s FEASIBILITY STUDIES s FLEETS s FODDER s FOOD NEEDS s FREIGHT s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s GDP s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH s HORTICULTURAL CROPS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INEQUALITY s INSURANCE s IRRIGATION s LAND PRICES s LAND PRODUCTIVITY s LAND USE s LANDHOLDINGS s LANDLESS MEN s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s MARKETING s MBI s MEAT s MIDDLE EAST s MILK s MONOPOLY s MULTIPLIER EFFECTS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NGOS s NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS s PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PER CAPITA INCOME s POOR s POORER PROVINCES s POPULATION GROWTH s POST HARVEST s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s PRIVATE SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC WORKS s R&D s REMOTE VILLAGES s ROAD s ROAD FACILITIES s ROADS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL EMPLOYMENT s RURAL GROWTH s RURAL INCOME s RURAL INCOMES s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RURAL ORGANIZATIONS s RURAL PUBLIC s RURAL RESIDENTS s RURAL WELFARE s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NET PROGRAMS s SANITATION s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SMALL FARMS s STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION s TOTAL POVERTY s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT CONDITIONS s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TRANSPORTS s TRUCKS s TRUE s VEGETABLES s VILLAGE LEVEL s WAGES s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER RESOURCES s WELFARE INDICATOR English en_US This sector report on Challenges and Priorities for Rural Development analyzes why Upper Egypt has lagged behind the rest of the country and to help the Government of Egypt and stakeholders to define a framework for interventions to promote broad-based economic growth and human development that will reach the poor and improve welfare in rural Upper Egypt. To achieve this objective, the strategic framework for intervention proposed here has two dimensions. The first is to foster broad-based economic growth based on agricultural development and off-farm activities. The second is to enhance access to basic infrastructure and services by promoting local level planning and civil society engagement 40 17-11-21 00:18:53.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872350 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19448 Volltext, Open Access

1759727784

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:16.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727784 OCoLC 1255600520 WBOKR 19451 EBP 06456195X KEP 06456195X 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19451 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Moldova Poverty Update World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Moldova s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS s AGRICULTURAL INCOMES s AGRICULTURAL LABORERS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL WAGES s AVERAGE WAGES s COLLECTIVE FARMS s CONSUMER PRICES s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES PER CAPITA s CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA s DISABILITY s DOMESTIC LABOR s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMICS s ELDERLY s ELDERLY PEOPLE s EXPORT MARKETS s FAMILY FARMS s FARM HOUSEHOLDS s FARM INCOME s FARM INCOMES s FARM-GATE s FARMER s FARMERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FOOD ITEMS s FOOD POVERTY s FOOD POVERTY LINE s FOOD PRICE s FOOD SECURITY s GINI COEFFICIENT s GROWTH RATE s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSING s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMMIGRATION s IMPACT ON POVERTY s INCIDENCE ANALYSIS s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME QUINTILE s INCOMES FROM AGRICULTURE s INEQUALITY s INSURANCE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s LABOR FORCE s LAND DISTRIBUTION s LAND REFORM s LARGE CITIES s MEASUREMENT OF POVERTY s MIGRANT s MIGRANTS s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY RATE s NUMBER OF CHILDREN s OLD AGE s OLD-AGE s ORPHAN CHILDREN s PENSION PAYMENTS s PENSIONS s PER CAPITA INCOME s PER CAPITA INCOMES s POINT DECLINE s POOR s POOR GROUPS s POOR POPULATION s POORER GROUPS s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION IMPACT s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER s POVERTY UPDATE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE TRANSFERS s PRO-POOR s PRO-POOR GROWTH s PROGRESS s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s REAL INCOMES s REDUCING POVERTY s REDUCTION IN POVERTY s RELATIVE PRICES s REMITTANCES s RESPECT s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INCOME s RURAL INCOMES s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL LABOR s RURAL LABORERS s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY RATE s RURAL SECTOR s RURAL WORKERS s SMALL FARMERS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL CONDITIONS s SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA s TARGETING s URBAN AREAS s VEGETABLES s VICTIMS s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s WAGE EARNERS s WAR s YOUNG AGE English en_US Moldovan GDP growth rose and the poverty rate fell steeply following the end of the Russian financial crisis in 1999. Since late 2002, GDP has continued to grow vigorously, however there has been little progress in reducing poverty. In short, GDP growth is no longer reducing poverty. The national poverty rate is broadly stable while the rural poverty rate is on a modest upward trend. Analysis of data from the household budget surveys shows that the decline in the national poverty rate stopped at the end of 2002, and that the rate has been broadly stable since. The rural poverty rate has been on a modest upward trend; the increase in poverty is concentrated among farmers, and to a lesser extent, among rural pensioners. At the same time, real incomes rose among rural wage earners. Real incomes also rose among urban residents, and their poverty rate continued to decline, as they benefited from the expansion of the construction industry and from rising real wages in construction, manufacturing, and public service 40 17-11-21 00:18:53.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872369 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19451 Volltext, Open Access

1759727792

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:16.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727792 OCoLC 1255600416 WBOKR 19465 EBP 064561941 KEP 064561941 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19465 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Social Protection in the Maldives Options for Reforming Pensions and Safety Nets World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Maldives South Asia s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER s AGRICULTURAL LAND s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AVERAGE INCOMES s BASIC EDUCATION s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFIT LEVEL s CASH ASSISTANCE s CASH PAYMENT s CHRONIC POVERTY s CHRONICALLY POOR s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING s COPING MECHANISMS s CORRELATES OF POVERTY s DATA MANAGEMENT s DECLINE IN POVERTY s DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT GOALS s DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DURABLE GOODS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC REFORMS s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s ELIGIBILITY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE POLICY s FAMILY ALLOWANCE s FAMILY MEMBERS s FAMILY SUPPORT s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FOOD SHORTAGE s FOOD SHORTAGES s GDP s GROWTH PERFORMANCE s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEADCOUNT INDEX s HEADCOUNT POVERTY s HEALTH CARE s HIGH INEQUALITY s HIGH POVERTY s HIGHER INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s HOMELESS s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IDENTIFICATION OF BENEFICIARIES s ILLNESS s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME LOSS s INCOME LOSSES s INCOME POVERTY s INCOME SECURITY s INCOME SHOCKS s INCOME SUPPORT s INCREASING INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INFORMAL INSURANCE s INSTITUTIONAL CARE s JOBLESS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LACK OF EDUCATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LITERACY s LIVE BIRTHS s LIVING STANDARDS s LONG RUN s LOSS OF INCOME s LOW INCOME s LOW INCOME FAMILIES s MACROECONOMIC SHOCKS s MALNUTRITION s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MEANS TEST s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINES s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NEGATIVE EFFECT s NUMBER OF CHILDREN s OLD AGE s OLD AGE SECURITY s OLD-AGE BENEFIT s PENSION s PENSION INCOME s PENSIONS s PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE s POLICY OPTIONS s POOR s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR POPULATION s POTABLE WATER s POVERTY s POVERTY DECLINE s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INDICATORS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE TRANSFERS s PRO-POOR s PROTECTION POLICIES s PROTECTION SYSTEM s PUBLIC PROGRAMS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SUPPORT s REDUCING POVERTY s REDUCTION IN POVERTY s REDUCTION OF POVERTY s REFORM PLAN s REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION s RISING INEQUALITY s RISK s SAFETY NET PROGRAMS s SAFETY NET SYSTEM s SAFETY NETS s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOL ENROLLMENT s SCHOOL MATERIALS s SHALLOW POVERTY s SHOCK s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SOCIAL PENSION s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NET s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICE s SOCIAL SERVICES s TARGETING s TRADITIONAL HEALER s TRANSIENT POOR s TRANSIENT POVERTY s TRANSIENT SHOCKS s TRANSITORY POVERTY s UNEMPLOYMENT s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE INDIVIDUALS s WAGE BILL s WORK INCENTIVES s ZAKAT English en_US This report aims to assist the Government of the Maldives in designing and implementing social protection reforms, in particular for pensions and safety nets. The report gives an overview of poverty, risk and vulnerability in Maldives and analyzes the role and effectiveness of pensions and social assistance policies in helping poor households mitigate and cope with risks. Based on the analysis, the study delineates a menu of options for reforming the existing pension and social safety net system. The structure of the study follows the issues outlined above. Chapter 1 sets the stage with an overview of growth, inequality, poverty and vulnerability. Chapter 2 discusses old-age pensions and pension reform options. Chapter 3 covers safety nets (social assistance), while annexes describe the data sources and contain the analytical findings underpinning the recommendations. The executive summary details the main findings and policy options proposed in the report 40 17-11-21 00:18:53.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872377 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19465 Volltext, Open Access

1759727806

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727806 OCoLC 1255600458 WBOKR 19467 EBP 064561933 KEP 064561933 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19467 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Managing Risks in Rural Senegal A Multi-Sectoral Review of Efforts to Reduce Vulnerability World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Africa Senegal s ADVERSE EFFECTS s ADVERSE IMPACT s AGED s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL SEASON s AGRICULTURE s ANIMAL DISEASES s ANIMAL HEALTH s BENEFICIARIES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CASH TRANSFERS s CHILD LABOR s CLINICS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMUNITY COMMITTEES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY HEALTH s CONFLICT s CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING s COVARIATE SHOCKS s COVERAGE s CREDIT CULTURE s CRIME s CROP DIVERSIFICATION s CROP INSURANCE s DAMAGES s DEBT s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DISASTERS s DIVERSIFICATION s DROUGHT s DROUGHT YEARS s ECOLOGICAL ZONES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC RESOURCES s ECONOMIC RISK s ECONOMIC RISKS s EMPLOYMENT CREATION s EMPLOYMENT GENERATION s EPIDEMICS s EXPORTS s FAMILIES s FARM EMPLOYMENT s FARM LABOR s FARMERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FOOD AID s FOOD INTAKE s FOOD SECURITY s GDP s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH MANAGEMENT s HEALTH PROGRAMS s HEALTH SERVICES s HOSPITALS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HYGIENE s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME VOLATILITY s INEQUALITY s INFANT MORTALITY s INSURANCE EXPENDITURES s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERVENTION s IRRIGATION s LAND DEGRADATION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS s LIVING CONDITIONS s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MALNUTRITION s MATERNAL HEALTH s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MEDICINES s MICRO-FINANCE s MICRO-FINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MITIGATION s MONEY TRANSFERS s MORAL HAZARD s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s NATURAL DISASTERS s NUTRITION s OLD AGE s OPEN ECONOMY s POVERTY LEVEL s POVERTY QUINTILES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER s PREGNANT WOMEN s PREVENTION OF SHOCKS s PRICE INDEXES s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PRODUCER ORGANIZATIONS s PROGRAMS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC WORKS s PURCHASING POWER s RATES s REMOTE AREAS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MITIGATION s RURAL AREA s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL HEALTH s RURAL HOUSEHOLD s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INCOME s RURAL MIGRATION s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POPULATIONS s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL PRODUCERS s RURAL PRODUCTION s RURAL PUBLIC s RURAL RESIDENTS s RURAL SCHOOLS s RURAL VULNERABILITY s RURAL WOMEN s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SAHEL s SAVINGS s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOLING s SMOOTHING CONSUMPTION s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL MARKETING s SOCIAL NETWORKS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOLVENCY s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA s SUSTAINABILITY s TARGETING s TONTINES s TRADITIONAL HEALERS s UNEMPLOYMENT s VIOLENCE s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WEALTH s WEALTH CREATION s WORKERS pha English en_US The main objective of the study is to provide the Government of Senegal the analyses and information to implement policies towards reducing the rural poor's vulnerability. While during the latest years, economic growth reduced poverty in the country, this has been less noticeable among the rural population, who actually account for 6 million people over a total population of 10 million. The rural economy remains essentially agrarian, with a 65 percent of its population living in poverty. Natural risks are intimately linked to the agrarian nature of the rural economy, and to its "Sahelian" environment. Drought cycles reduce agricultural production, thus such impact varies according to the agricultural season, the agro-ecological zone, the type of crops, and the presence - or not - of irrigation systems. In addition, insects, and the disease these carry, affect plants and animals, adding to the natural risks. Economic risks occur, as elsewhere, due to changes in the agricultural production and trade systems, thus affecting revenues and the acquisition power. Moreover, the report specifies rural populations are further exposed to health shocks, aggravated by the obstacles in accessing health services. Education, particularly of rural children, is subject to several risks: total absence of school attendance, drop-outs during the school year, or inability to achieve sufficient basic competencies. As for social risks, the main sources within rural areas, are on one hand, the regional conflict in Casamance, and on the other, crime, robberies, property conflicts, and violence, affecting communities, and productivity. Among the recommendations, the report stipulates financial services and revenue diversification in rural areas are the main issues requiring a framework on policy, and public spending. A multi-sectoral vision of risks should help identify vicious cycles, while its eradication will require the collaboration of various sectors 40 17-11-21 00:18:53.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872385 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19467 Volltext, Open Access

1759727814

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:16.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727814 OCoLC 1255600375 WBOKR 19626 EBP 064561925 KEP 064561925 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19626 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Is Class I Top Tier? Can the Civil Service be a Key to Progress in Bangladesh? World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Bangladesh South Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY s ADMINISTRATIVE EFFICIENCY s ADMINISTRATIVE REFORM s ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE s ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEMS s ARCHITECTURE s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUREAUCRATIC PERFORMANCE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAREER DEVELOPMENT s CENTRAL AGENCY s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION s CIVIL SERVICE MANAGEMENT s CIVIL SERVICE PAY s CIVIL SERVICE PERFORMANCE s CIVIL SERVICE RECRUITMENT s CIVIL SERVICE REFORM s CIVIL SERVICE REFORMS s CIVIL SERVICE SIZE s CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM s CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEMS s CIVIL SERVICES s CIVIL SOCIETY s CORRUPTION s DEBT s DECENTRALIZATION OF MANAGEMENT s DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES s DISMISSAL s DISTRICTS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMPIRICAL CONTRIBUTION s EXECUTIVE GOVERNMENT s FEDERAL GOVERNMENT s FEMALE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL REFORM s GENDER s GOVERNMENT AGENCY s GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT SERVICE s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s INITIATIVE s INSTITUTIONAL CHANGES s INTEGRITY s INVESTIGATION s IRREGULARITIES s JUDICIARY s JUSTICE s LAWS s LEADERSHIP s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIVING CONDITIONS s MEDIA s MINISTER s MINISTERS s MINISTRIES OF FINANCE s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s PATRONAGE s PENALTIES s PENALTY s PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT s PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s POLICES s POLITICAL INTERFERENCE s POLITICAL PATRONAGE s POLITICAL SUPPORT s POLITICIANS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC OFFICIALS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR PERFORMANCE s PUBLIC SERVANTS s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC WORKS s REFORM PROCESS s SANCTIONS s SENIOR CIVIL SERVICE s SERVICE DELIVERY s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TREASURY English en_US The purpose of this study is to help the government of Bangladesh establish a more effective and efficient civil service to move the country toward its goals for social and economic development. The report begins by examining the scope of previous civil service reform initiatives in Bangladesh and the reasons why their track record has been so poor. This investigation focuses on civil service management practices, such as recruitment, training, performance evaluation, promotion, and career management. The rules and practices guiding these elements of personnel management most directly affect civil servants behavior and their approach to their tasks. Although Bangladesh s civil service comprises nearly a million officials, this study is deliberately restricted to a small group - the Class I officers, who make up only 10 percent of the civil service. This group is at the tip of the civil service pyramid; it has the potential to function as the spearhead of reform. The study makes two major recommendations: Give additional emphasis to merit in managing the civil service; and focus on the fundamentals of civil service reform, where tinkering at the edges has been unproductive, by building a stronger legal framework, more independent oversight, and better tools for managing performance 40 17-11-21 00:18:53.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872393 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19626 Volltext, Open Access

1759727822

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:16.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727822 OCoLC 1255600581 WBOKR 19428 EBP 064561917 KEP 064561917 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19428 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Service Delivery and Decentralization in Sri Lanka Assessment and Options World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource South Asia Sri Lanka s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE DECENTRALIZATION s AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES s AIR s AIR TRAFFIC s AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s BASIC EDUCATION s BLOCK GRANTS s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CONSTRAINT s BUDGET CYCLE s BUDGET PROCESS s CAPITAL COSTS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL PROJECT s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CENTRAL ADMINISTRATION s CENTRAL AGENCIES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS s CENTRAL MINISTRIES s CENTRAL MINISTRY s CENTRAL SPENDING s CITIES s CITY TRANSPORTATION s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES s CONGESTION s CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT s DEBT s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICITS s DISTRICT s DISTRICTS s DRAINAGE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EFFICIENCY OF SERVICE DELIVERY s EFFICIENT ALLOCATION s ELECTRICITY s ENVIRONMENTAL EXTERNALITIES s EQUALIZATION s EXCISE DUTIES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE ASSIGNMENT s EXPENDITURE RESPONSIBILITIES s EXPENDITURES s EXPENDITURES ON HEALTH s EXPRESSWAYS s EXTERNALITIES s FATALITY s FATALITY RATE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FISCAL SPACE s FISCAL TRANSFER s FISCAL TRANSFERS s FUEL s GASOLINE s GASOLINE TAX s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s HARD BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s HEALTH SPENDING s HIGHWAY s HORIZONTAL EQUITY s HOUSING s INEFFICIENT PROVISION s INEFFICIENT URBAN LAND s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING s INSPECTION s INTEREST COSTS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FINANCE s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s LAND USE s LANES s LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT s LICENSES s LOCAL AUTONOMY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL REVENUE s LOCAL ROADS s LOCAL TAXES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MAYORS s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION s MOBILITY s MOTOR VEHICLE s MUNICIPALITIES s MUNICIPALITY s NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM s NATIONAL HIGHWAYS s NATIONAL TAXES s NATIONAL TRANSPORT s NET REVENUE s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY INSTRUMENT s POLICY MAKERS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROPERTY TAX REFORM s PROPERTY TAXES s PROVINCE s PROVINCES s PROVINCIAL COUNCIL s PROVINCIAL COUNCILS s PROVINCIAL EXPENDITURES s PROVINCIAL FINANCES s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PROVINCIAL GOVERNORS s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PROVINCIAL REVENUE s PROVINCIAL ROADS s PROVINCIAL SALES s PROVINCIAL TAX s PROVINCIAL TAX REVENUES s PROVISION OF GOVERNMENT SERVICES s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION AGENCIES s REDISTRIBUTION s REVENUE ASSIGNMENT s REVENUE ASSIGNMENTS s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE GAP s REVENUE INCREASE s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s REVENUE PER CAPITA s REVENUE SHARING s REVENUE SOURCE s REVENUE SOURCES s REVENUE STREAMS s REVENUE STRUCTURE s REVENUE TRANSFERS s ROAD s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD INVESTMENT s ROAD LINKS s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SAFETY s ROAD SECTOR s ROAD USER s SANITATION s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOLID WASTE COLLECTION s SPECIAL DISTRICTS s STREET LIGHTING s STRUCTURE OF GOVERNMENT s SUB-NATIONAL s SUB-NATIONAL AUTHORITIES s SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUBNATIONAL s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUBSIDIARITY PRINCIPLE s SUBWAY s SUBWAY STATIONS s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX ASSESSMENTS s TAX BASE s TAX BASES s TAX CAPACITY s TAX EVASION s TAX RATES s TAX REFORM s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAXATION s TAXPAYERS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOLL s TOLL ROADS s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL HEALTH EXPENDITURES s TOTAL PROVINCIAL REVENUES s TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s TOWN s TOWNS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC DEMAND s TRANSIT s TRANSIT STATIONS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE s TREASURY s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN LAND MANAGEMENT s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN SERVICES s URBANIZATION s USER CHARGES s VEHICLE s VEHICLE FLEETS English en_US This report assesses Sri Lanka's experience with decentralization to date and discusses options for decentralization and implications for service delivery in three sectors: roads, solid waste and health. The selected sectors illustrate the considerations relevant to the decentralization decision and its future direction. The services selected cover a range of central, provincial and local responsibilities in delivery and illustrate how the cause of success or failure of service delivery is rooted in the institutional framework, division of responsibility, funding mechanisms i.e. incentives and accountability. The effective provision of these services requires a clear understanding of the service delivery goals, technical capacity, adequate assets and recurrent inputs to deliver services. Each sector has its particular needs and to some extent can be considered independently, but the political realities effectively require that any constitutionally mandated and elected level of government have some corresponding responsibilities 40 17-11-21 00:18:53.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872407 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19428 Volltext, Open Access

1759727830

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:16.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727830 OCoLC 1255600450 WBOKR 19253 EBP 064561909 KEP 064561909 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19253 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO West Bank and Gaza Education Sector Analysis - Impressive Achievements Under Harsh Conditions and the Way Forward to Consolidate a Quality Education System World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa West Bank and Gaza s ABLE STUDENTS s ACADEMIC COURSES s ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE s ACADEMIC YEAR s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO TERTIARY EDUCATION s ACCREDITATION s ADULT LITERACY s ADULT LITERACY RATE s AFTERNOON CLASSES s ALTERNATIVE CURRICULUM s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC EDUCATION CYCLE s BASIC SCHOOLING s BASIC SCHOOLS s CAPITAL FUNDING s CIVIL SOCIETY s CLASS SIZE s CLASS TEACHERS s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT s COHORT SURVIVAL s COMMUNITY COLLEGES s COMPLETION RATES s COMPUTERS IN SCHOOLS s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT s CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION s CURRICULUM MATERIALS s CURRICULUM REFORM s DEGREE COURSES s DISTRICT EDUCATION s DIVERSIFIED TERTIARY EDUCATION SYSTEM s DOUBLE SHIFT s DOUBLE SHIFTS s DROP OUT RATES s DROPOUT RATE s DROPOUT RATES s EDUCATED POPULATION s EDUCATED WORKFORCE s EDUCATION BUDGET s EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION EXPENDITURE s EDUCATION EXPENDITURES s EDUCATION FOR ALL s EDUCATION MANAGEMENT s EDUCATION OFFICES s EDUCATION OFFICIALS s EDUCATION POLICIES s EDUCATION REFORM s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SERVICES s EDUCATION STUDENTS s EDUCATION TARGETS s EMPLOYMENT s ENROLLMENT RATIO s ENROLMENT FIGURE s ENROLMENT FIGURES s ENROLMENT RATE s ENROLMENT RATES s ENROLMENT SHARE s ENROLMENT STATISTICS s EQUITABLE ACCESS s EXAM QUESTIONS s EXPENDITURES s FACULTIES s FEMALE PARTICIPATION s FEMALE STUDENTS s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER PARITY s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO s GROSS ENROLMENT s GROSS ENROLMENT RATE s GROSS ENROLMENT RATIO s HIGH DROPOUT s HIGH ENROLMENTS s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION FINANCING s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s HIGHER ENROLMENT s HIGHER GRADES s HOME ECONOMICS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCENTIVES FOR TEACHERS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s LABOUR MARKET s LEARNERS s LEARNING s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LITERACY s LITERATURE s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s NATIONAL CURRICULUM s NET ENROLMENT s NET ENROLMENT RATES s NON-FORMAL EDUCATION s NUMBER OF SCHOOLS s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s NUMBER OF TEACHERS s OPEN UNIVERSITY s PARTICIPATION OF GIRLS s PAYMENT OF TEACHERS s PEDAGOGICAL METHODS s POST SECONDARY EDUCATION s POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY GRADE s PRIVATE ENROLMENTS s PRIVATE SCHOOL s PRIVATE SCHOOLS s PRIVATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS s PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s PROVISION OF EDUCATION s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION SERVICES s REFUGEE s REFUGEES s REPETITION RATES s RESEARCHERS s SCHOOL BUILDINGS s SCHOOL CHILDREN s SCHOOL ENROLMENT s SCHOOL ENROLMENTS s SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT s SCHOOL INDICATORS s SCHOOL LEVEL s SCHOOL LIBRARIES s SCHOOL MANAGEMENT s SCHOOL PRINCIPALS s SCHOOL SIZE s SCHOOL STUDENTS s SCHOOL SYSTEM s SCHOOL YEAR s SCHOOL YEARS s SCHOOLING s SCIENCE LABORATORIES s SCIENCE STUDY s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SERVICE TRAINING s SKILLED LABOUR s SKILLED LABOUR FORCE s SKILLED OCCUPATIONS s SOCIAL SCIENCE s SOCIAL SCIENCES s SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS s SPECIAL NEEDS s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s STUDENT DROPOUT s STUDENT ENROLMENTS s STUDENT FINANCIAL AID s STUDENT FLOW s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES s STUDENT MOBILITY s STUDENT PARTICIPATION s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT SUPPORT s TEACHER s TEACHER BEHAVIOUR s TEACHER DEPLOYMENT s TEACHER DEVELOPMENT s TEACHER EDUCATION s TEACHER RATIOS s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHER TRAINING PROGRAMS s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING AIDS s TECHNICAL COLLEGES s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TEI s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY EDUCATION INSTITUTION s TERTIARY LEVELS s TEXTBOOKS s TRADITIONAL UNIVERSITIES s TRAINING CENTRE s TRAINING CENTRES s TRAINING INSTITUTIONS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING SCHOOLS s UNIVERSAL BASIC EDUCATION s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY DEGREE s UNIVERSITY DEGREES s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s UNIVERSITY GRADUATES s UNIVERSITY LEVEL s UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS s UNIVERSITY STUDENTS s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING English en_US The Palestinian Education System comprises a Mandatory Basic Cycle covering Grades 1 to 10, divided into the Preparation Stage (Grades 1 to 4) and the Empowerment Stage (Grades 5 to 10). Optional Secondary Education covers Grades 11 and 12, with the option of general secondary education, and a few vocational secondary schools. Post secondary education is offered in 11 universities, (10 private and one public), 11 technical colleges (4 government, 2 UNWRA, 4 public and 1 private) which offer mainly 4 year programs. In addition there are 19 community colleges (1 government, 9 public, 2 UNRWA, and 7 private) that offer mainly two-year diploma courses in technical and commercial specializations. The Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MOEHE) developed in 1999 a five-year Education Development Plan for the period 2000-2005. This was the first time after the establishment of the Palestinian Authority in 1994 that the MOEHE developed a National Plan with a unified vision for the Palestinian education system from pre-school to secondary education 40 17-11-21 00:18:53.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872415 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19253 Volltext, Open Access

1759727849

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:16.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727849 OCoLC 1255600588 WBOKR 19430 EBP 064561895 KEP 064561895 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19430 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Moldova - Agricultural Policy Notes Policy Priorities for Agricultural Development, Volume 2. Public Expenditures World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Moldova s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL LOAN s ALLOCATION s ALLOCATION OF FUNDS s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL BUDGET PROCESS s BENEFICIARIES s BORROWER s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET EXPENDITURE s BUDGET FORMULATION s BUDGET FORMULATION PROCESS s BUDGET LAW s BUDGET NEGOTIATIONS s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET PROJECTIONS s BUDGET PROPOSALS s BUDGET RESOURCES s BUDGETARY FUND s BUDGETARY FUNDS s BUDGETARY PROCESS s BUDGETARY RESOURCES s BUDGETING s CADASTRE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY BUILDING ACTIVITIES s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CASH DOWN PAYMENTS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPOSITION OF EXPENDITURES s CREDIT AGENCY s CREDIT ASSOCIATIONS s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT PROGRAMS s CREDIT SUBSIDY s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEBT s DEBT FORGIVENESS s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT-SERVICE s DEBTS s DECISION-MAKERS s DELIVERY OF SERVICES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DOMESTIC MARKET s DONOR COORDINATION s ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EDUCATION PROGRAMS s EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC SPENDING s EFFICIENCY OF GOVERNMENT SPENDING s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY STAKE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE ALLOCATIONS s EXPENDITURE PLANS s EXTERNAL ARREARS s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCE s EXTERNAL GRANTS s EXTERNAL LOANS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL LAXITY s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL OPERATIONS s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL REFORMS s FISCAL STANCE s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN LOANS s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT FINANCES s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT s HUMAN RESOURCES s IMPORT DUTIES s INCOME TAX s INEFFICIENT ENTERPRISES s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s LAND POLICY s LANDHOLDERS s LANDOWNERS s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LEVELS OF PUBLIC SPENDING s LEVY s LOAN s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOCAL BUDGETS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET REQUIREMENTS s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MINISTRY OF ECONOMY s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s NATIONAL AGENCY s NATIONAL BANK s OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY s PENSION s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION OBJECTIVES s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PROGRAMS s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC BUDGET s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE POLICY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT PROJECT s PUBLIC FUNDING s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICES s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL s RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RETURNS s RURAL FINANCE s SECTOR POLICIES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVISION s SOCIAL EXPENDITURES s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE FUND s SOFT BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s STATE BUDGET s STATE ENTERPRISES s STRATEGIC PRIORITIES s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s TAX BURDEN s TAX COLLECTION s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX RATE s TAX REVENUE s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s TOTAL PUBLIC SPENDING s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSITION COUNTRIES s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER s TYPES OF EXPENDITURES English en_US The objective of this policy note on land is to assist the Government of Moldova in improving the effectiveness of land management in agriculture, with a view to enhancing the sector's contribution to Moldova's economic growth and poverty reduction objectives. The note reviews the progress that has been made to date on land reform in Moldova, and provides rigorous economic analysis of the impacts of the reforms and the state of land markets today. It also makes recommendations on options for improving the functioning of land markets. This note is organized as follows. Chapter one explore in detail the progress of land reform, including changes in land ownership and land use since 1990; then describe the results of farm reorganization efforts, including some comparisons with farm structure in market economies. Chapter two examines the impacts of land reform on economic indicators such as productivity for different farm types. Chapter three analyze the development of land markets to date based on new information gathered for this work from the Cadastre Agency, a survey of farms carried out for this study, and other sources. Finally, chapter four provide recommendations based on international best practice for increasing the efficiency of land use by improving the functioning of land markets, including practical advice for implementing pilot land re-parceling projects 40 17-11-21 00:18:54.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872423 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19430 Volltext, Open Access

1759727857

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:16.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727857 OCoLC 1255600575 WBOKR 19432 EBP 064561887 KEP 064561887 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19432 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Moldova - Agricultural Policy Notes Policy Priorities for Agricultural Development, Volume1. Land World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Moldova s AGENTS s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMISTS s AGRICULTURAL EXPENDITURES s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL MARKETS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL POLICIES s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS s AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s ALLOCATION OF LAND s COLLECTIVE FARMS s COMMERCIAL FARMS s CORPORATE FARMS s CROPS s CULTIVATION s EXPORTS s FAMILY FARMS s FARM s FARM DEBT s FARM MANAGERS s FARM SECTOR s FARM SIZE s FARM STRUCTURE s FARMERS s FARMERS ASSOCIATIONS s GOVERNMENT REGULATION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOUSEHOLDS s IMPROVED LAND s LAND ASSETS s LAND CONSOLIDATION s LAND DISTRIBUTION s LAND LEASING s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND MARKETS s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND PARCELS s LAND PRICES s LAND PRODUCTIVITY s LAND REFORM s LAND REGISTERS s LAND RENTAL s LAND RESOURCES s LAND SALES s LAND SHARES s LAND TENURE s LAND USE s LAND USE PATTERNS s LANDOWNERS s LEASES s MARKET ECONOMIES s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET FORCES s NGOS s POINTS s PRIVATE LAND s PRIVATE OWNERSHIP s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROPERTY RIGHTS s SALES CONTRACTS s STATE FARMS s TECHNICAL CONSTRAINTS s TENANTS s TRANSACTION s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s VOLUME English en_US The objective of this policy note on land is to assist the Government of Moldova in improving the effectiveness of land management in agriculture, with a view to enhancing the sector's contribution to Moldova's economic growth and poverty reduction objectives. The note reviews the progress that has been made to date on land reform in Moldova, and provides rigorous economic analysis of the impacts of the reforms and the state of land markets today. It also makes recommendations on options for improving the functioning of land markets. This note is organized as follows. Chapter one explore in detail the progress of land reform, including changes in land ownership and land use since 1990; then describe the results of farm reorganization efforts, including some comparisons with farm structure in market economies. Chapter two examines the impacts of land reform on economic indicators such as productivity for different farm types. Chapter three analyze the development of land markets to date based on new information gathered for this work from the Cadastre Agency, a survey of farms carried out for this study, and other sources. Finally, chapter four provide recommendations based on international best practice for increasing the efficiency of land use by improving the functioning of land markets, including practical advice for implementing pilot land re-parceling projects 40 17-11-21 00:18:54.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872431 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19432 Volltext, Open Access

1759727865

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727865 OCoLC 1255600590 WBOKR 19472 EBP 064561879 KEP 064561879 2006 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19472 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia Enabling Water Utilities to Serve the Urban Poor World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2006 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACCESS TO WATER s ADEQUATE WATER s AFFORDABLE WATER s ALTERNATIVE WATER s ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES s ALTERNATIVE WATER SUPPLIES s BILL COLLECTION s BULK WATER s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY INVOLVEMENT s CLEAN WATER s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY GROUP s COMMUNITY GROUPS s COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT s COMMUNITY WATER s CONNECTION CHARGES s CONNECTION FEE s CONNECTION FEES s CONSTRAINED WATER SUPPLY DEVELOPMENT s CONSTRUCTION s CONSUMER OVERSIGHT s CONSUMPTION BLOCKS s COST OF WATER s COST RECOVERY s COST SAVINGS s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s CUBIC METER s CUBIC METERS s DEEP WELLS s DEMAND MANAGEMENT s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS s DRINKING WATER s FIXED CHARGE s FREE WATER s GOOD WATER SUPPLY s HAND PUMP s HANDPUMPS s HOUSE CONNECTION s HOUSE CONNECTIONS s HOUSE WATER CONNECTION s HOUSE WATER CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTION s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s INTERMITTENT WATER SUPPLY s IRRIGATION s IRRIGATION WATER s LAKES s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITY s LOCAL WATER s LOCAL WATER UTILITIES s LOCALITY s LOW WATER s LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s MANAGEMENT OF WATER SUPPLY s MANAGEMENT OF WATER SUPPLY OPERATIONS s MARGINAL AREAS s METER READERS s METERING s MONTHLY BILLS s MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD WATER s MONTHLY WATER s MONTHLY WATER BILL s MUNICIPAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUMBER OF CONNECTIONS s OPERATORS s OWNERSHIP OF WATER s PAYMENT OF CONNECTION FEES s PIPE s PIPED WATER s PIPES s POOR URBAN HOUSEHOLDS s PRESSURE s PRICE OF WATER s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROVISION OF WATER s PUBLIC COMPANY s PUBLIC TAP s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER UTILITIES s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUALITY WATER s QUANTITIES OF WATER s RAINWATER s RAINWATER COLLECTION s RAINWATER HARVESTING s RAINWATER STORAGE s RAW WATER s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s REGULATORY BODIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RELIABLE WATER SUPPLY s RIVERS s RUNNING WATER s RURAL SETTLEMENTS s SANITATION s SANITATION STRATEGY s SERVICE STANDARDS s SHALLOW WELLS s SMALL SCALE PROVIDERS s SMALL-SCALE WATER s SMALL-SCALE WATER PROVIDERS s SMALLER TOWNS s SOURCES OF WATER s SQUATTERS s STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT s STANDPIPE WATER s SUPPLY WATER s TARIFF ADJUSTMENT s TARIFF ADJUSTMENTS s TARIFF COLLECTION s TARIFF INCREASE s TARIFF POLICY s TARIFF RATE s TARIFF RATES s TARIFF REFORM s TARIFF SETTING s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TOWN s TOWNS s TREATMENT PLANT s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POLLUTION s URBAN WATER s USE OF WATER s USER CHARGES s USERS s UTILITY MANAGEMENT s UTILITY OPERATIONS s WASHING s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER RECYCLING s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER BILLS s WATER BODIES s WATER COMPANIES s WATER COMPANY s WATER CONNECTIONS s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DEVELOPMENT s WATER FLOWS s WATER GOVERNANCE s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER LOSSES s WATER PRICES s WATER PROVIDERS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SECTOR s WATER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s WATER SECTOR REFORM s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCES s WATER STRATEGY s WATER SUBSIDIES s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY ASSETS s WATER SUPPLY CAPACITY s WATER SUPPLY SITUATION s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER TABLE s WATER TARIFF s WATER TARIFFS s WATER USE s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY s WATER VENDORS s WATERSHED s WATERSHED MANAGEMENT s WELLS English en_US The scope of this paper is limited to how donors and governments can stimulate owners to realize the potential of water utilities in serving the urban poor. As survey data indicates that reliable water utility service is a key aspect of serving the poor, this paper focuses on how Indonesian water utilities (PDAMs) can increase access to the poor. It also touches on tariff reform because the reluctance of PDAMs to connect the poor at an artificially low tariff creates a hindrance to overall reform. However, this discussion does not offer a comprehensive analysis or solutions to PDAM or tariff reforms, topics that have already been covered by several excellent studies. This study draws heavily on recent Indonesian survey data, while offering insights and first-hand accounts from those who have successfully managed water utilities in serving Indonesia's poor. Several water utility Diruts (Direktur Utama or a utility's Managing Director) have been able to serve the people by turning around weak utilities and guiding them to profitability. Their solutions on PDAM management appear in the annexes and apply mainly to PDAM reform, which is needed for sustainable service to the poor. This paper is more concerned with what can be done in the short term to move toward a system based on more reformed utilities that are led by motivated owners serving the poor. In general, while rural settlements are built up and maintained around water sources such as shallow wells, the quick spread of urban pollution due to crowding quickly eliminates clean water sources in those areas. Therefore, it is generally cheaper to find water in settled rural areas than in cities. Furthermore, the significant difference in Indonesia between the sometimes artificially low price of piped water and the high price people are willing to pay for it often results in serious social inequalities, including economic rents, illegal connections, water strongmen, water smuggling from social tariff to commercial tariff areas, and water theft 40 17-11-21 00:18:54.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987244X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19472 Volltext, Open Access

1759727873

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727873 OCoLC 1255600544 WBOKR 19250 EBP 064561860 KEP 064561860 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19250 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Arab Republic of Egypt - Improving Quality, Equality, and Efficiency in the Education Sector Fostering a Competent Generation of Youth World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s ACHIEVEMENT SCORES s ACHIEVEMENT TEST RESULTS s ACHIEVEMENT TESTS s ACHIEVEMENTS s AVERAGE CLASS SIZE s AVERAGE TEACHER SALARIES s BACKGROUND PAPERS s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BASIC EDUCATION s BINDING s CAREER s CIVIL SERVICE s CLASS SIZES s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM CONSTRUCTION s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COLLEGES s COMMERCIAL EDUCATION s COMPULSORY SCHOOLING s COSTS OF EDUCATION s CRITICAL THINKING s CURRICULUM s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION MAKING s DISADVANTAGED SCHOOLS s DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS s EDUCATION ATTAINMENT s EDUCATION COMMITTEE s EDUCATION DATA s EDUCATION DECENTRALIZATION s EDUCATION EXPENDITURE s EDUCATION OUTCOMES s EDUCATION POLICIES s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION REFORM s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SPENDING s EDUCATION STUDENTS s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL ENROLMENT s EDUCATIONAL EQUALITY s EDUCATIONAL EQUITY s EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE s EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES s EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES s EDUCATIONAL PARTICIPATION s EDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE s EDUCATIONAL PERSONNEL s EDUCATIONAL POLICY s EDUCATIONAL QUALITY s EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM s EFFECTIVE SCHOOLS s EMPLOYMENT s ENROLLMENT DATA s ENROLLMENT RATE s ENROLLMENT RATES s ENROLMENT RATES s ENROLMENTS s EQUAL EDUCATION s EQUAL OPPORTUNITY s EXAM s EXAMS s EXPENDITURES s EXPERIMENTAL SCHOOLS s FACULTIES s FEMALE YOUTH s FORMAL EDUCATION s FORMAL SCHOOLING s FREE UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s GENDER GAP s GENDER PARITY s GENERAL EDUCATION s GER s GIRLS s GRADE EXAM s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATES s GROSS ENROLMENT s GROSS ENROLMENT RATES s HIGH SCHOOL s HIGH SCHOOLS s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION ENROLLMENT s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s HIGHER ENROLMENT s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCENTIVES FOR TEACHERS s INSTRUCTION s INSTRUCTION METHODS s INSTRUCTIONAL TIME s INTERVENTIONS s INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION s JOB MARKET s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKETS s LEADERSHIP s LEARNING s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LET s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LITERACY s LITERACY LEVELS s LITERATURE s LOCAL LABOR MARKET s LOWER QUALITY EDUCATION s LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s NATIONAL CURRICULA s NATIONAL CURRICULUM s NET ENROLLMENT s NET ENROLMENT s NET ENROLMENT RATES s PARENTAL EDUCATION s PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES s PEDAGOGY s POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION s PREPARATORY SCHOOLS English en_US The purpose of this report is to support the government of the Arab Republic of Egypt in reviewing the status of the pre-university education sector; and in identifying the key challenges it faces as it develops and implements a strategic plan to enhance its base of human capital. The key overarching finding, based primarily on the analyses presented in the second, third and fourth chapters of this report is that while significant progress has been made in providing more educational opportunities to Egyptian citizens, the quality of that educational experience is low and unequally distributed, leading to unequal educational outcomes. While inputs are important to quality, the authors also define quality in terms of specific outcomes that indicate learning at a level necessary to compete in a global marketplace. For instance, international test results, such as the trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), are taken to be a strong indicator of educational outcomes that matter, and quality education is generally assumed to impact those outcomes. In addition, it is also clear that Egypt already spends a large share of its public and private resources (by international comparison) on education and, therefore, further improvements in equality of quality provision need to be financed to a great extent through efficiency gains 40 17-11-21 00:18:54.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872458 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19250 Volltext, Open Access

1759727881

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 11:54:15.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727881 OCoLC 1255600601 WBOKR 19614 EBP 064561852 KEP 064561852 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19614 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Youth--An Undervalued Asset Towards a New Agenda in the Middle East and North Africa World Bank VerfasserIn aut 1 Online-Ressource Middle East Middle East and North Africa North Africa s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO SCHOOLING s ADOLESCENCE s ADOLESCENT s ADOLESCENT PARTICIPATION s ADOLESCENTS s ADULT LITERACY s ADULT LITERACY RATE s AGE COHORT s AGED s AGGRESSIVE s AIDS DEATHS s ALCOHOL s APPRENTICESHIP s ARMED CONFLICTS s AVERAGE LEVEL OF EDUCATION s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC SKILLS s BIRTH RATES s BIRTH WEIGHT s BRAIN DRAIN s CAPACITY BUILDING s CARE SERVICES s CHILD BIRTH s CHILD LABOR s CHILD WELFARE s CHILDHOOD TO ADULTHOOD s CITIZENS s CITIZENSHIP s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COMPLETION RATES s COMPLICATIONS s CRIME s CURRICULA s DECISION MAKING s DELINQUENTS s DEPENDENCY RATIOS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIABETES s DISABILITY s DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN s DISSEMINATION s DONOR SUPPORT s DROPOUT RATES s DROPOUTS s DRUG ABUSE s DRUG USE s DRUGS s EARLY ADULTHOOD s EARLY CHILDBEARING s EARLY DETECTION s EARLY MARRIAGE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EFFECTIVE POLICIES s ELDERLY s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENROLLMENT s ENROLLMENT DATA s ENROLLMENT RATE s ENROLLMENT RATES s EPIDEMIC s FAMILIES s FAMILY SIZE s FAMILY SUPPORT s FEAR OF VIOLENCE s FEMALE EDUCATION s FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION s FEMALE ILLITERACY s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATES s GANGS s GENDER GAP s GENDER NORMS s GENDER PARITY s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS ENROLLMENT s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH RISKS s HIV s HIV INFECTIONS s HOLISTIC APPROACH s HOME COUNTRIES s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s ILLITERACY s IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME s IMMUNODEFICIENCY s INFECTIONS s INTAKE RATE s INTENDED AUDIENCES s INTERVENTION s INTERVENTIONS s INVESTMENT IN CHILDREN s JUVENILES s KNOWLEDGE BASE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR SUPPLY s LACK OF INFORMATION s LEARNING s LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES s LITERACY s LITERACY PROGRAMS s LITERACY RATES s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOW BIRTH WEIGHT s MALE RELATIVE s MALE STUDENTS s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATES s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MINORITY s MINORITY YOUTH s NATIONAL INITIATIVES s NATIONAL YOUTH POLICIES s NATIONAL YOUTH POLICY s NEEDS OF YOUTH s NER s NET ENROLLMENT s NEW ENTRANTS s NUTRITION s OUT OF SCHOOL CHILDREN s OUT-OF-SCHOOL CHILDREN s PARTICIPATION RATES s PERSONAL EMPOWERMENT s PHYSICAL DISABILITIES s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POLICY MAKERS s POOR PEOPLE s POPULATION GROUPS s PRACTITIONERS s PREGNANCIES s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PRISONS s PROGRESS s PROSTITUTION s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUALITATIVE INFORMATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s REGIONAL POLICY s REMITTANCES s RESPECT s RETURN TO EDUCATION s RETURNS TO EDUCATION s RISK FACTORS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL YOUTH s SCHOOL LEAVERS s SCHOOL TO WORK TRANSITION s SCHOOL YOUTH s SCHOOLING s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENTS s SEXUAL ACTIVITY s SEXUAL EXPLOITATION s SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL AFFAIRS s SOCIAL CHANGE s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL EXCLUSION s SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS s SOCIAL NORMS s SOCIAL POLICY s SOCIAL SECTORS s SOCIAL SERVICES s STIS s STREET CHILDREN s STREET YOUTH s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TEACHER ABSENTEEISM s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING METHODS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TEENAGE PREGNANCY s TEXTBOOKS s TOBACCO s TOBACCO USE s TRADITIONAL GENDER ROLES s TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS s TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN COMMUNITY s VIOLENCE s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABLE ADOLESCENTS s WAGES s WORKERS s WORKFORCE s WORKING CONDITIONS s YOUNG FEMALES s YOUNG GIRLS s YOUNG MALES s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNG POPULATIONS s YOUNG WOMAN s YOUNG WOMEN s YOUTH s YOUTH ACCESS s YOUTH AGENDA s YOUTH DEVELOPMENT s YOUTH EMPLOYMENT s YOUTH GROUPS s YOUTH PARTICIPATION s YOUTH POLICY s YOUTH POPULATION s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT s YOUTH VIOLENCE pha English en_US Youth are becoming an increasing priority for countries in the Middle East and North Africa. Youth are an asset that if properly nurtured can stimulate the economic and social development of the region. Countries are searching for effective policies to capitalize on this youth asset and an increasing number of governmental and nongovernmental institutions in the region are involved in youth related-work. This report represents an initial attempt to assess the case for making investment in youth a systematic development priority for the region. It summarizes what is known about the challenges facing youth and the opportunities successful youth embody, and begins to consider the contours of promising cross-sectoral, youth-centered, and inclusive policies for the region and the potential role for the World Bank. It is a first step in the process of setting out the issues to encourage dialogue and discussion among policy makers leading to decisions and eventually actions. The report has two intended audiences. The first are policy makers in the region, particularly those in Governments that are responsible for economic and social policy including Ministries of Finance, planning and economy and line ministries responsible for delivery of social services to youth such as the health, education, social affairs and youth ministries. Second, donors and development organizations such as the World Bank can use the report as an input into thinking about how youth issues may fit into projects and to help formulate priorities toward youth in the future 40 17-11-21 00:18:54.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872466 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19614 Volltext, Open Access

175972789X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972789X OCoLC 1255600597 WBOKR 19611 EBP 064561844 KEP 064561844 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19611 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Business Environment and Cost of Doing Business Amer Z. Durrani VerfasserIn aut Abid Abrar Hussain VerfasserIn aut Aized H. Mir VerfasserIn aut Hasan A. Zaidi VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ACCOUNT s ACCOUNTANTS s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING DOCUMENTS s ACCOUNTING METHODS s ACCOUNTING PRACTICES s ACCOUNTING RECORDS s ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS s ACCOUNTS s ACQUISITION s ACQUISITIONS s ARBITRATION s AUDITING s AUDITING STANDARDS s AUDITORS s AUDITS s BALANCE SHEET s BENEFICIARIES s BEST PRACTICES s BID s BID DOCUMENTS s BIDS s BILLS s BOND s BONDS s BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION s BUSINESS ENTITIES s BUSINESS ENTITY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS s BUSINESS GROWTH s BUSINESS NEEDS s BUSINESS PROCESSES s BUSINESS REGISTRATION s BUSINESS REGISTRATIONS s CAPABILITIES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CASH BALANCE s CASH BALANCES s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CASH INFLOWS s CASH OUTFLOWS s CERTIFICATE s COLLATERAL s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVENESS s CONTRACTORS s COST OVERRUNS s CREDIBILITY s CURRENCY s CURRENT LAWS s CUSTOMS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DOCUMENT MANAGEMENT s DOMAIN s ELECTRICITY s ENTRY BARRIERS s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTERS s FINANCES s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION s HOLDING s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s ICAP s ICT s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s INCOME TAX s INSPECTION s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIES s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE INDUSTRIES s INTERFACE s INTERFACES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL BUSINESS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s ISLAMIC BANK s JOINT VENTURES s LEGAL ISSUES s LETTER OF CREDIT s LEVIES s LICENSE s LICENSES s LIFE INSURANCE s LIMITED LIABILITY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MARKETING s OPERATING ENVIRONMENT s OPPORTUNITY COST s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEMS s ORIGINAL CONTRACT s OVERHEAD s OVERHEAD COST s PAYROLL s PAYROLL RECORDS s PC s PENSIONS s PERFORMANCE BOND s PILOT PROJECT s PORTFOLIO s PRIVATE SECTORS s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PROCUREMENTS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC DISCLOSURE s QUALITY CONTROL s QUALITY OF PRODUCTS s QUALITY OF WORK s QUALITY STANDARDS s R&D s REGISTRY s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY SYSTEM s REPORTING s REPORTING SYSTEMS s RESULT s RESULTS s RETENTION s RETENTIONS s RETURNS s SALES s SECURITIES s SETTLEMENT s STANDARD CONTRACT s STANDARD FORMAT s STANDARD FORMATS s STANDARDIZATION s STATE BANK s TAX s TAX DEDUCTION s TAX INCENTIVES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TELECOM s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELEPHONE s TRAINING COURSES s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TURNOVER s VERIFICATION s VERIFICATIONS s WORLD TRADE English en_US The objective of the Pakistan Infrastructure Implementation Capacity Assessment (PIICA) study was to identify and ascertain the extent to which certain complex and dysfunctional business processes in fact contribute to the overall delays caused in completion of infrastructure projects. The primary focus was to understand and document the business processes relating to the life cycle of infrastructure projects, especially processes that involve an interface with external agencies. The study was further extended to assess the resultant impact of the delays caused on overall capacity, efficiency, and costs of the project. The study identifies areas that contain business processes and which relative to other processes in the life cycle of a project are disproportionate, or a cause of significant time delays in completion of such projects. Such disproportionate business processes that are unpredictable and vary greatly from the planned time or inputs are areas that can be the focus for selective and further analysis, process re-engineering and recommendations. Such areas can be targeted to improve the overall business and regulatory environment applicable to players and stakeholders relevant to infrastructure projects. The study identifies that corruption in the overall environment exists which over time has become embedded and is accepted as necessary, if a project is to be successfully won and then executed with minimum hindrances from the government. These practices cannot be called business processes but are an integral and unavoidable reality of the current business environment. The PIICA study highlights: (i) the business processes and relative time and effort required at different steps during a project life cycle, under normal or prevailing business environment in the country; (ii) the business processes and relative time and effort required at different steps during a project life cycle, under normal or prevailing business environment in the country; and (iii) the defined and undefined procedures that exist, many of which are not stated in contract documents, neither in project plans nor subjected to risk analysis and risk mitigation at the outset. These appear to render the best of project time lines and budgeted plans as mere estimates 40 17-11-21 00:18:54.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872474 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19611 Volltext, Open Access

1759727903

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727903 OCoLC 1255600555 WBOKR 19610 EBP 064561836 KEP 064561836 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19610 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Local Stakeholders' Perception Survey Ijaz Gilani VerfasserIn aut Ermeena Malik VerfasserIn aut Aized H. Mir VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ACCOUNT s ACQUISITION s AUDITORS s AUDITS s BID EVALUATION s BID EVALUATION CRITERIA s BIDDERS s BIDS s BUDGETING s BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION s BUSINESS CONDITIONS s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS ETHICS s BUSINESS PARTNERSHIPS s CAPABILITIES s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CERTIFICATE s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMPLEX PROJECTS s CONSULTING ENGINEERS s CONSULTING FIRMS s CONSULTING INDUSTRY s CONSULTING SERVICES s CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION s CONTRACT MANAGEMENT s CONTRACTOR s CONTRACTORS s CONTROL MECHANISMS s COST ESTIMATES s COST OVERRUNS s DISBURSEMENT PROCEDURES s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ELECTRICITY s EQUIPMENT s EQUIPMENTS s EVALUATION REPORT s EXPENDITURES s FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN CONSULTANTS s FOREIGN CONTRACTORS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s GOVERNMENT OFFICES s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT s HARMONIZATION s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s ICT s INSTITUTION s INTERNATIONAL COMPANIES s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVE BIDDING s JOINT VENTURE s JOINT VENTURES s LETTER OF CREDIT s LOCAL CONSULTANTS s LOCAL CONSULTING FIRMS s LOCAL CONTRACTORS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MARKET PRICES s MATERIAL s METHOD OF PROCUREMENT s NATIONAL PROCUREMENT s NEW TECHNOLOGY s POST QUALIFICATION s POST-QUALIFICATION s PRICE BID s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCEDURES FOR PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT AUDITS s PROCUREMENT FUNCTIONS s PROCUREMENT ISSUES s PROCUREMENT PRACTICES s PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PROCUREMENT RULES s PROCUREMENTS s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC s PUBLIC DISCLOSURE s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR PROCUREMENT s QUALIFICATION PROCEDURES s QUALIFIED STAFF s REGISTRY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RELEASE OF FUNDS s REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL s REQUESTS FOR PROPOSALS s RESULT s RESULTS s RETENTION s SALES s STANDARD BIDDING s STANDARD BIDDING DOCUMENTS s STANDARD CONTRACTS s SUPERVISION s TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE s TECHNICAL RESOURCES s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TELECOMMUNICATION s TENDERS s TRADE POLICIES English en_US This paper identifies issues in implementing large infrastructure projects in Pakistan. Input from key stakeholders of the construction industry (consultants, clients, and contractors) was required to gauge their perceptions about the existing problems in the industry and their suggested solutions. This was necessary to compare what the stakeholders considered were hurdles in their growth with what this study identified as the main problems within the construction industry. Therefore, perceptions of stakeholders were deemed essential to identify priority issues within the construction industry so that solutions to improve the implementation capacity of the industry are directed towards these areas. While the overall perception among contractors and consultants was one of disillusionment with clients and government procedures, they were modestly upbeat about future business prospects. They recognized that economic activity was rising in Pakistan and that there were prospects for them both there and abroad. They referred to the period since the 1990s as a period of lost opportunity, during which they faced a serious slump, but were now modestly hopeful and keen on moving ahead. While they put some of the blame on the clients, they were generally pragmatic and mindful of their own shortcomings. The survey findings and deliberations in the focus group discussions showed a similarity of views on key issues pertaining to the four thematic areas, namely, business environment, human resources, supply of materials, and equipment. Conclusions are drawn that contract provisions for timely payments to sub-contractors need to be strengthened 40 17-11-21 00:18:54.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872482 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19610 Volltext, Open Access

1759727911

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727911 OCoLC 1255600615 WBOKR 19609 EBP 064561828 KEP 064561828 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19609 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Foreign Stakeholders' Perception Survey Amer Z. Durrani VerfasserIn aut Ijaz Gilani VerfasserIn aut Ermeena Malik VerfasserIn aut Aized H. Mir VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s BID s BIDS s BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS s CERTIFICATE s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s CONTRACTORS s CURRENCY s DEMAND-SIDE FACTORS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s E-MAILS s ELECTRICITY s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s ICT s IMAGE s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL CONSULTANTS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL LAW s INVESTING s ISLAMIC BANK s JOINT VENTURE s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LETTER OF CREDIT s LOCAL MARKET s MATERIAL s MIDDLE EAST s PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC DISCLOSURE s REGISTRY s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESULTS s RETURNS s RISK FACTOR s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELEPHONE s TURNOVER English en_US The literature review and especially the country specific assessments and reports indicated that the capacity of a local construction industry may be limited due to a wide variety of reasons. Therefore, a survey of foreign stakeholders was planned as part of the Pakistan Infrastructure Implementation Capacity Assessment (PIICA). Its objective was to obtain insight on the perceptions of international contractors and consultants and their level of interest in pursuing business in Pakistan. The following were the key issues explored: (i) For countries with the worst business environment, what are the various issues that make the business environments in these countries challenging? Are such challenges acceptable? (ii) For countries with the best business environment, how are the same issues rated? (iii) What would attract foreign stakeholders to pursue business in Pakistan and what deters them? (iv) What are the general perceptions about the business environment in Pakistan? (v) If Pakistan is not on top of the list for exploring business, is it because there is plenty of work available elsewhere? 40 17-11-21 00:18:54.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872490 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19609 Volltext, Open Access

175972792X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972792X OCoLC 1255600395 WBOKR 19547 EBP 06456181X KEP 06456181X 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19547 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Purchase Price Review in the Infrastructure Industry Sohail Abidi VerfasserIn aut Amer Z. Durrani VerfasserIn aut Aized H. Mir VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s AIRPORTS s ANNUAL SALARIES s ANNUAL SALARY s BASIC COST s BASIC COSTS s BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CERTIFICATE s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s CONSULTING FIRMS s CONTRACTORS s CURRENCY s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE COMPANIES s DIESEL s EARNINGS s ELECTRICITY s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURES s FUEL s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY AUTHORITY s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s ICT s INFLATION s INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT s LOCAL CURRENCIES s MARKET PRICES s MATERIAL s PC s PROCUREMENT s PROFESSIONAL STAFF s PUBLIC DISCLOSURE s RAIL s RAIL LINK s REGISTRY s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s RESULTS s ROAD s ROADS s ROADWAY s SALARIES s SALARY s SENIOR s STAKEHOLDERS s SUPERVISION s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TELECOMMUNICATION s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT AUTHORITY s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS s VALUABLE s WAGES English en_US The Pakistan Infrastructure Implementation Capacity Assessment (PIICA) analysis of the cost of materials, construction inputs, and technical services across the region can help in better understanding of the various dimensions of the infrastructure construction industry. Such a study can also help in analyzing common perceptions regarding the existing disparity in cost of doing business, reasons for migration of technical, skilled, and unskilled personnel to regional countries: quality of construction; and other similar issues. The purpose of this analysis is to assess the relative differences in: (i) professional salary structures; (ii) cost of construction inputs across regional countries; and (iii) contractors working (unit) rates. The effectively decreasing charge rates and salary levels over the past decade accentuates the growing trend among professionals towards seeking more lucrative jobs in the overseas market. Pakistan not only has the highest cost of inputs in the region but when compared to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) which has the lowest input costs in the region, material input costs are 400 percent higher in Pakistan. When adverse effects of other variables like old, inefficient equipment, systematic weaknesses and inefficiencies, corruption, and transparency issues are also considered, the rates despite seeming to be "competitive" may well, in fact, be unworkable 40 17-11-21 00:18:54.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872504 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19547 Volltext, Open Access

1759727938

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727938 OCoLC 1255600388 WBOKR 19543 EBP 064561801 KEP 064561801 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19543 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Local Case Studies Sohail Abidi VerfasserIn aut Amer Z. Durrani VerfasserIn aut Aized H. Mir VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s AIRPORT s AIRPORTS s ARBITRATION s BANK GUARANTEES s BID s BIDS s BOTTLENECKS s BREACH s BRIDGE s BUDGETING s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS RELATIONS s BUYER s BUYERS s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CERTIFICATE s CERTIFICATES s CLAUSES s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION s CONTRACT VALUE s CONTRACTOR s CONTRACTORS s COST ESTIMATES s COUNTRY OF ORIGIN s COVENANT s CREDIBILITY s CURRENCY s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT BANKS s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE COMPANIES s DISCLOSURE s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYER s EQUIPMENT s EQUIPMENT PURCHASE s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPATRIATE s EXPENDITURES s FINANCIAL CRISES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY AUTHORITY s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s ICT s IMAGES s IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s IMPLEMENTING AGENCY s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSTALLMENTS s INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL COURT s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s ISLAMIC BANK s JOINT VENTURE s LANES s LETTER OF CREDIT s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOAN AMOUNT s LOAN COVENANTS s LOCAL BANKS s LOCAL CONTRACTORS s MANAGEMENT SERVICES s MATERIAL s NEGOTIATIONS s PC s PHOTO s PORT AUTHORITIES s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s RAIL s RAIL LINK s REGISTRY s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL s RESULT s RESULTS s ROAD s SOVEREIGN GUARANTEES s SUBCONTRACTORS s TELECOMMUNICATION s TENURE s TERMINATION s TIME PERIOD s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC VOLUMES s TRAINING CENTER s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT AUTHORITY s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS s TRUE s VERIFICATION English en_US The local case studies for projects in different sectors were prepared to document the bottlenecks which occurred during the various processes involved in the life cycle of infrastructure projects. Identifying such processes allows a better understanding of the capacity constraints in planning, designing, programming, procurement, contract administration, financing and budgeting, execution, and other stages in a project cycle. The case studies clearly demonstrate the presence of deep rooted systematic problems related to: (1) inadequate client capacity to plan, procure, program, administer, and manage projects; (2) imbalanced conditions of contracts; (3) flawed procurement procedures (pre-qualification, bid evaluation, negotiations, and re-negotiations with the lowest bidder) causing significant delays; (4) mismatched project funding needs and actual availability of funds; (5) commencement of projects without ensuring that required funds are in place; (6) delay in making running payments; (7) insufficient time given for detailed design and variations in contract due to inadequacies in design; (8) limited capacity of local contractors; and (9) poor international bid response in mega projects related to credibility issues 40 17-11-21 00:18:54.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872512 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19543 Volltext, Open Access

1759727946

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727946 OCoLC 1255600527 WBOKR 19548 EBP 064561798 KEP 064561798 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19548 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO International Case Studies - The UAE, China, and Malaysia Amer Z. Durrani VerfasserIn aut Aized H. Mir VerfasserIn aut Supriya Sen VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACTION PLAN s ACTIVE MARKETS s ADB s ADVANCED INFRASTRUCTURE s AIR s AIR PASSENGER s AIRPORT EXPANSION s AIRPORTS s ARBITRATION s ASSET BASE s AUTONOMY s BANK GUARANTEE s BANK GUARANTEES s BANK LOANS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR REFORMS s BANKS s BID s BIDS s BOND s BOND FINANCING s BOND MARKETS s BUS s BUS NETWORK s BUS ROUTES s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUY BACK s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s CAR s CAR PARKING s CARS s CERTIFICATE s COLLATERAL s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMPANY LAW s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s CONGESTION s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s CREDIBILITY s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEBT MATURITIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DRIVING s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYMENT s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EQUIPMENT s EXCESS DEMAND s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXPENDITURES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL CAPITAL s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STRUCTURE s FINANCIAL STRUCTURES s FINANCING OF INFRASTRUCTURE s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FREIGHT s GLOBAL BUSINESS s GOVERNMENT FUNDING s GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY AUTHORITY s HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION s HIGHWAY INDUSTRY s HIGHWAY INFRASTRUCTURE s HIGHWAY NETWORK s HIGHWAY TOLLS s HIGHWAYS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s ICT s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSURANCE s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE SPREADS s INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL INVESTOR s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT BANKING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTMENT RISKS s ISLAMIC BANK s ISLAMIC BONDS s LABOR MARKET s LAND TRANSPORT s LAND USE s LAND USE PATTERNS s LAND VALUE s LANES s LAWS s LEASE FINANCING s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LETTER OF CREDIT s LIABILITY s LICENSE s LIGHT RAIL s LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOCAL BANKS s LOCAL BUSINESS s LOCAL ECONOMIES s LOCAL ECONOMY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INVESTORS s LONG-TERM DEBT s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARGIN REQUIREMENTS s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DATA s MARKET DEVELOPMENTS s MARKET LIQUIDITY s MARKET SHARE s MARKET STABILITY s MATURITIES s MOBILITY s NATIONAL SAVINGS s NEW ENTRANTS s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OIL RESERVES s OIL RESOURCES s PASSENGER TRAFFIC s PASSENGER TRIPS s PASSENGERS s PASSENGERS PER HOUR s PC s PEAK HOURS s PENALTIES s PETROLEUM PRODUCTION s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE EQUITY s PRIVATE FINANCING s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATIZATION s PROCUREMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC TRANSIT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT MARKET s PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORK s PUBLIC WORKS s RAIL s RAIL LINK s RAIL NETWORK s RAIL PROJECT s RAIL RIDERSHIP s RAIL SYSTEM s RAPID TRANSIT s REGISTRY s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REGULATORY STRUCTURE s RESERVES s RESULTS s RETURN s RETURNS s ROAD s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD PROJECTS s ROADS s ROADWAY s ROLLING STOCK s RUNWAY s RUNWAYS s SAFETY s SAVINGS s SAVINGS RATE s SELF FINANCE s SHAREHOLDERS s SOCIAL SERVICES s STATE BONDS s TAX s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAXATION s TECHNICAL EXPERTISE s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TIMELY PAYMENTS s TOLL s TOLL ROADS s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE REGIME s TRADING s TRADING SYSTEM s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAFFIC FLOWS s TRAFFIC MOVEMENT s TRAINS s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COST s TRANSIT USAGE s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT AUTHORITY s TRANSPORT CAPACITY s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS s TRANSPORTATION PLAN s TRAVEL TIME s TRIP s TUNNELS s UNDERGROUND s VEHICLES s WAGES s WEALTH s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US The United Arab Emirates (UAE) was selected as a case study because it is one of the countries in the region that has had rapid success in scaling up infrastructure in a relatively short period of time. Also, the Government of Pakistan (GoP) is seeking to attract participation of investors from the UAE into domestic infrastructure projects. The study also briefly considers the potential impact of the infrastructure development boom in the UAE on the Pakistan infrastructure implementation capacity in terms of competition for skilled resources in relation to consulting firms and construction services. The study points out that while government agencies and private sector in the UAE have been very successful in implementing various large projects in the past, however, capacity constraints are becoming evident in construction and infrastructure implementation due to the mega size and scale of projects envisaged for completion over the coming years. Therefore, as in the case of other regions with expanding demand but constrained capacity, the way forward is likely to be an increasing focus on private sector participation as well as on newer models and formats in which the projects will be implemented. The experiences of Malaysia, China, and the UAE helped in understanding the processes involved in developing the capacity to undertake large scale infrastructure projects. Common lessons are: that a strategic long-term vision and integrated master plan; ensured funding; sustained efforts to build up required human capital; and providing an enabling environment for local as well as international consultants, contractors, and investors to work in the country proved successful. Strong government support in terms of Human Resource (HR) development; streamlining procedures, policies and regulations; supporting trade associations; facilitating timely payments; and enacting reforms through appropriate legislation in financial sectors to encourage lending for infrastructure are essential. Policies have to be kept under constant review to face the new challenges for infrastructure development due to the ongoing massive development in the region 40 17-11-21 00:18:54.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872520 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19548 Volltext, Open Access

1759727954

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727954 OCoLC 1255600529 WBOKR 19546 EBP 06456178X KEP 06456178X 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19546 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Demand-Supply Gap Analysis Sohail Abidi VerfasserIn aut Amer Z. Durrani VerfasserIn aut Aized H. Mir VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AIR s AIRPORTS s ASPHALT s BITUMEN s BRAIN DRAIN s BRIDGE s CARRIAGEWAY s CBR s CEMENT s CEMENT PRODUCTION s CIVIL ENGINEERING s CIVIL ENGINEERS s COMPACTION s CONCRETE s CONCRETE BRIDGES s CONSTRUCTION COSTS s CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT s CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES s CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY s CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY s CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS s CONSTRUCTION WORKERS s CRANES s CRUSHING s CULVERTS s DESCRIPTION s DEVELOPERS s DRAINAGE s EARTHQUAKE RECONSTRUCTION s EARTHWORK s ELECTRICIANS s EMBANKMENT s EMPLOYMENT s ENGINEER s EQUATIONS s EXCAVATION s EXCAVATORS s FACTORIES s FORMWORK s FRAMEWORK s GENERATORS s HAULAGE s HEAVY CONSTRUCTION s HEAVY EQUIPMENT s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY AUTHORITY s HIGHWAY PROJECT s HIGHWAYS s HOSPITALS s HOUSES s HOUSING s HOUSING UNITS s INDUSTRIAL SECTOR s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT s LABOR ORGANIZATION s LABORERS s LABOUR s LAND ACQUISITION s LEASING s MANPOWER s MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS s MANPOWER UTILIZATION s MECHANICAL SHOVELS s METALLURGY s MOTOR VEHICLE s MOTOR VEHICLE REGISTRATION s MOTORWAYS s PAVEMENT s PAVEMENTS s PAVING s PREFABRICATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROVINCIAL ROADS s RAIL s RAIL LINK s RAILWAYS s REINFORCEMENT s ROAD s ROAD PROJECTS s ROAD SECTOR s ROADS s ROADWAY s ROADWAY CONSTRUCTION s ROLLERS s ROUTES s SKILLED MANPOWER s SKILLED WORKERS s SOILS s SPAN s SPEED s STATE HIGHWAY s STEEL s STRUCTURES s TANDEM ROLLER s TANKER TRUCKS s TANKERS s TRAININGS s TRANSIT s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT AUTHORITY s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS s TRUCKS s UNSKILLED LABOR s UNSKILLED WORKERS s VEHICLE s VEHICLE REGISTRATION s VEHICLES s WORK FORCE English en_US An essential part of the Pakistan Infrastructure Implementation Capacity Assessment (PIICA) was an assessment of available resources and the demand generated for these resources by the proposed infrastructure projects. A demand-supply gap analysis for Human Resources (HR), major construction materials and equipment keeping in view the Medium Term Development Framework (MTDF) for up to 2010 has been reviewed to better understand the constraints faced by the industry. Shortage of manpower emerged as a significant theme when studying the implementation capacity of large infrastructure projects in Pakistan. Stakeholders (clients, consultants and contractors) have been unanimous in identifying the lack of suitably qualified people in their organizations as an impediment both to successful implementation as well as the quality of the products and services they deliver. The Perception Survey conducted for the purpose of this study revealed that 67 percent of stakeholders believed that HR posed a significant constraint to the implementation of large infrastructure projects in Pakistan (Gallup Perception Survey,(2006). It is thus important to quantify the HR gap within the construction industry, both in absolute numbers and skills deficiencies and the gaps in materials and machinery, given the enlarged infrastructure construction program planned during the next few years under the MTDF. Have the planners and policy makers catered for these pre-requisites in the MTDF? This is the question that the study addresses' 40 17-11-21 00:18:54.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872539 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19546 Volltext, Open Access

1759727962

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727962 OCoLC 1255600622 WBOKR 19545 EBP 064561771 KEP 064561771 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19545 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO A Review of Allocations and Expenditures in the Public Sector Amer Z. Durrani VerfasserIn aut Abdul Majeed VerfasserIn aut Aized H. Mir VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTS s BIDS s BORROWING s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGETARY PROCESS s BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL OUTLAY s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s CONTRACTORS s COST ESTIMATES s CREDITS s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEBT REPAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICES s DEFICIT FINANCING s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT CAPITAL s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE COMPANIES s DISBURSEMENT s EQUITIES s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE PATTERNS s EXPENDITURES s FEDERAL BUDGET s FLOATING DEBT s FOREIGN LOANS s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENTS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMAN RIGHTS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s ISLAMIC BANK s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOUR FORCE s LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LETTER OF CREDIT s LOAN s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s PENSION s PENSIONS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR FINANCING s PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC DISCLOSURE s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s QUALITY OF PROJECTS s RECEIPTS s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REPAYMENT s SAVINGS s SOCIAL WELFARE s SUPERANNUATION s TRADING s TRAINING CENTER s VILLAGE English en_US The purpose of the study is to obtain an understanding of Pakistan's economy, its budgetary process and structure, and allocations and expenditures in the previous Public Sector Development Programs (PSDP). It aims to provide an insight into the planning process; project cycles allocation and expenditure patterns which would be useful in the overall context of the study on the Pakistan Infrastructure Implementation Capacity Assessment (PIICA), for the planned Medium Term Development Framework (MTDF) 2005-10 40 17-11-21 00:18:54.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872547 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19545 Volltext, Open Access

1759727970

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727970 OCoLC 1255600313 WBOKR 19544 EBP 064561763 KEP 064561763 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19544 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Focus Group Discussion Amer Z. Durrani VerfasserIn aut Ermeena Malik VerfasserIn aut Aized H. Mir VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ACCOUNT s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACQUISITION s ADB s ADVERTISEMENTS s AUDITORS s AUDITS s AUTOMATION s AUTONOMY s AVAILABILITY OF CREDIT s BANK GUARANTEE s BANK GUARANTEES s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING SECTOR s BID s BIDS s BILLS s BOND s BONDS s BUDGETING s BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS s BUSINESS PROCESSES s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CASH FLOW s CERTIFICATE s CHECKS s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVE PRICE s CONTRACTORS s CONTROL SYSTEM s CORPORATE TAX RATE s COST ESTIMATES s CREDIT LINES s CURRENCY s DEPOSIT s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DOMAIN s DOUBLE TAXATION s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ELECTRICITY s EQUIPMENT s ESCROW s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL STRENGTH s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FORM OF COLLATERAL s FUTURE CONTRACTS s HOUSING s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s ICT s IMAGE s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT s INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT s INSURANCE s INTERNAL SYSTEM s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES s INTERNATIONAL CONSULTANTS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTING s ISLAMIC BANK s JOINT VENTURES s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LENDER s LENDING PORTFOLIO s LETTER OF CREDIT s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LEVIES s LIABILITY s LOCAL CAPACITY s MANDATES s MATERIAL s MIDDLE EAST s MONITORING MECHANISM s NET PROFIT s NEW ENTRANTS s NEW TECHNOLOGY s OVERHEAD s PC s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR FIRMS s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENTS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC DISCLOSURE s PUBLIC SPENDING s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF SERVICES s QUALITY OF WORK s QUALITY STANDARDS s R&D s REGISTRATION PROCESS s REGISTRY s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESULT s RESULTS s RETENTION s RETURN s RETURNS s REVOLVING FUND s RISK MANAGEMENT s SITES s STANDARD CONTRACT s STANDARDIZATION s STATE BANK s STATE BANK OF PAKISTAN s SUPERVISION s TAX s TAX INCENTIVES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL EXPERTISE s TECHNICAL STAFF s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TELECOM s TELECOMMUNICATION s TIMELY PAYMENTS s TRANSPORT s TURNOVER s VERIFICATION s WITHHOLDING TAX s WITHHOLDING TAXES English en_US The Pakistan Infrastructure Implementation Capacity Assessment (PIICA) study was initiated in response to a specific request from the Government of Pakistan (GoP) to study the capacity of the local construction industry (client institutions, contractors and consultants) to deliver the planned infrastructure projects under the Medium Term Development Framework (MTDF). The objectives of the focus group discussions were to: (i) ensure active participation and ownership of stakeholders in the study; (ii) obtain concurrence on the framework for the study and the technical analyses to be carried out; and (iii) obtain feedback and comments on findings and develop consensus on the way forward. Focus group discussions helped identify the broad thematic areas and the issues which should be researched. The discussion provided a framework for preparation of a detailed questionnaire to be used for ascertaining stakeholders' perceptions about the industry and to solicit their comments and suggestions. The focus group also identified the need for carrying out separate technical analyses and emphasized that case studies of various projects should be prepared. The focus group discussions validated the results obtained from the perceptions surveys and the technical analyses and the stakeholders concurred with the complex issues and challenges faced by the construction industry. While valuable suggestions were provided in the focus group discussions which can remove a number of constraints faced by the industry, there were no solutions offered which could be implemented to provide increased capacity over the short-term as the systematic weaknesses in the business environment, the lack of adequately skilled human resource (HR), lack of client agencies capacity, lack of financing, and credit available to the industry and other constraints cannot be addressed within an immediate or short-term time frame clearly, besides taking measures to develop the local construction industry, innovative methods of procurement, and delivery mechanisms will need to be thought of in order to meet all of the MTDF infrastructure development goals 40 17-11-21 00:18:55.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872555 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19544 Volltext, Open Access

1759727989

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727989 OCoLC 1255600623 WBOKR 19542 EBP 064561755 KEP 064561755 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19542 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Response to International and Local Bids Sohail Abidi VerfasserIn aut Amer Z. Durrani VerfasserIn aut Aized H. Mir VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ACCESS ROADS s AFFILIATED ORGANIZATIONS s AIRPORTS s BID s BIDDERS s BIDDING DOCUMENTS s BIDS s BOUNDARIES s BRIDGE s COMPANY s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s CORPORATION s CURRENCY s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DEVELOPMENT PROJECT s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXPENDITURES s FRONTIER s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY AUTHORITY s HIGHWAY PROJECT s HIGHWAYS s HOLDINGS s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s IFC s INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL FIRMS s INVESTIGATION s ISLAMIC BANK s JOINT VENTURE s LENGTH OF ROAD s LETTER OF CREDIT s LIMITED s LOAN s LTD s MONOPOLY s PROJECT EVALUATION s PUBLIC DISCLOSURE s RAIL s RAIL LINK s RECONSTRUCTION s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s ROAD s ROAD PROJECTS s ROAD SECTOR s RURAL ROADS s STAKEHOLDERS s TENDERING s TENDERS s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT AUTHORITY s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS English en_US Several stakeholders in the Pakistan construction industry have expressed concern about the apparent poor response to recent international and local bids. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the level of response to recent international and local tenders and to assess the level of interest of international firms to bid on projects in Pakistan. The response to recent invitations to bid on projects across Pakistan has been poor from both international and local firms. Although, tendering was open to both international and local contractors, most firms that submitted bids have been local. Generally, the same set of four or so contractors repeatedly bid for projects across the country, and the lowest bidder always won the contract. There was apparently minimum weight-age given to an evaluation of the technical capability of the lowest bidder. The lack of response in bids and the high prices being quoted can be considered as indicators of supply and demand gaps. There seem to be abundant opportunities for work, and limitations in the contractor ' s capacity to do work are being tested by the current market situation, where there is ample work and the contractors are in a position to choose the works which interest them. In such circumstances, the short-term implications are clear-contractors will demand high premiums for less attractive work and response to bids for work in difficult remote areas with higher risks shall remain especially poor. In a market driven economy, it will take some time until the supply demand situation achieves stability, while for the short term, the clients will be faced with accepting higher bid rates in order to deliver upon their development goals and also accept the risk that the limited pool of contractors may not be able to deliver 40 17-11-21 00:18:55.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872563 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19542 Volltext, Open Access

1759727997

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759727997 OCoLC 1255600473 WBOKR 19541 EBP 064561747 KEP 064561747 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19541 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Organization of Eastern Caribbean States Policy Note on Project Fiduciary Management World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING SYSTEM s ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS s ACTION PLAN s ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL PERFORMANCE s AUDITING s AUDITOR s AUDITORS s AUDITS s AUTOMATION s BACKBONE s BANK ACCOUNTS s BIDDING s BORROWING s BUDGET ACCOUNTS s BUDGET DIRECTOR s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUYER s CAPABILITIES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CAPITAL BUDGET s CAPITAL BUDGETS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMODITIES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSOLIDATION s CONSTRAINED ENVIRONMENT s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s CONTRIBUTIONS s COORDINATION MECHANISMS s COST ESTIMATES s COST OF CAPITAL s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s COUNTERPART FUNDING s COUNTERPART FUNDS s COUNTRY PROCUREMENT s COUNTRY PROCUREMENT ASSESSMENT s CURRENT PLAN s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s DEBT s DEPOSIT s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT OF FUNDS s DISTANCE LEARNING s DISTANCE LEARNING NETWORK s DISTANCE LEARNING NETWORKS s DOCUMENT REQUIREMENTS s DONOR AGENCIES s DONOR ASSISTANCE s DONOR COORDINATION s DONOR FUNDING s DONOR FUNDS s EASTERN CARIBBEAN CENTRAL BANK s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE CATEGORIES s EXPENDITURE CLASSIFICATION s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FIDUCIARY FUNCTION s FIDUCIARY REQUIREMENTS s FIDUCIARY RESPONSIBILITIES s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FRAUD s FUNCTIONALITIES s FUND MANAGER s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES s HARMONIZATION s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPACITY s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE CAPACITY s HUMAN RESOURCES s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s IMPLEMENTING AGENCY s INCOME s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES s INITIATIVE s INSTALLATION s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT PROGRAMS s JUSTICE s LABOR MARKET s LACK OF INFORMATION s LATE PAYMENTS s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LEGISLATION s LENDERS s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET PRICES s MEDICAL SUPPLIES s MEMBER COUNTRIES s MINISTER s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATURAL DISASTERS s NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES s OVERSEAS TRAINING s PEER REVIEW s PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s POLICY DECISIONS s PORTFOLIO PERFORMANCE s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTORS s PROCUREMENT FUNCTION s PROCUREMENT POLICY s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRAM MANAGEMENT s PROGRAMS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROTOTYPE s PUBLIC ACCOUNTS s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE SYSTEMS s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC WORKS s PURCHASES s QUALITY ASSURANCE s REGIONAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s REMEDY s RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS s RESPONSIBILITIES s RESULT s RESULTS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SALARY s SAVINGS s SECTOR MINISTRIES s SENIOR s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SOLICITOR GENERAL s SUPERVISION s SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTIONS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECT s TECHNICAL DEPARTMENTS s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TIGHT FISCAL SITUATION s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE s TRUST FUNDS s USERS s USES s VALUABLE s WORLD MARKETS s WORTH English en_US The Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) face special development challenges, including limited institutional capacity, high per capita costs of basic social and infrastructure services, and vulnerability to natural disasters and other external shocks. This note identifies specific issues related to financial management and procurement. This note focused on the implications of differing donor practices for financing capital projects in a generally weak institutional and implementation environment for capital projects. The quality of implementation is also affected by a lack of adequate project management skills. The objective of this Policy Note is to increase the efficiency of capital investment project implementation in the OECS countries by (i) contributing to a more efficient use of limited institutional and human resource capacity, (ii) lowering transaction costs, and (iii) optimizing the use of public funds, while (iv) maintaining a robust control framework. The OECS economies are highly dependent on donor assistance for funding investment projects. This note identifies opportunities for sequential mainstreaming of fiduciary functions (financial management and procurement) and for a gradual approach to using mechanisms. The OECS countries' current efforts to rationalize institutional arrangements for capital projects by consolidating implementing entities or further mainstreaming implementation within existing structures in line ministries are consistent with the recommendations of the Country Program Quality Enhancement Review conducted by the World Bank in 2004 40 17-11-21 00:18:55.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872571 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19541 Volltext, Open Access

1759728004

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728004 OCoLC 1255600530 WBOKR 19637 EBP 064561739 KEP 064561739 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19637 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Knowledge Economy and Education and Training in South Asia Michelle Riboud VerfasserIn aut Yevgeniya Savchenko VerfasserIn aut Hong Tan VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource South Asia s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO PRIMARY EDUCATION s ADULTS s AGE COHORT s ALTERNATIVE EDUCATION s ANNUAL SALARIES s AREA OF SKILLS s AVERAGE WAGE s BASIC EDUCATION s BUSINESS OPERATIONS s CALCULATIONS s CALL CENTERS s CLASS REPETITION s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COMMITMENT TO EDUCATION s CONTINUOUS LEARNING s CURRENT JOB s DEBT s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DISCRIMINATION s DISSEMINATION s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATED WOMEN s EDUCATED WORKERS s EDUCATION ATTAINMENT s EDUCATION FOR ALL s EDUCATION POLICIES s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ELEMENTARY EDUCATION s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s FLOW OF INFORMATION s FORMAL EDUCATION s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER GAP s GIRLS s GRADE LEVELS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATES s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION s INCOMES s INFORMAL TRAINING s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION s INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION s JOB CREATION s JOB SEARCH s JOB TRAINING s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LATIN AMERICAN s LEGAL STATUS s LESS EDUCATED PEERS s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LITERACY s LITERACY CAMPAIGN s LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION s MIDDLE EAST s MIDDLE SCHOOL s NATIONAL EDUCATION s NATIONAL PRIORITIES s NET ENROLLMENT s NET ENROLLMENT RATE s NEW JOBS s NONFORMAL EDUCATION s NORTH AFRICA s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s PARTICIPATION BY WOMEN s PATTERN OF CHANGE s POLICY MAKERS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL ACHIEVEMENT s PRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOLING s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRESS s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUANTITATIVE INDICATORS s RAPID GROWTH s RATE OF RETURN s RATES OF GROWTH s RATES OF RETURN s RATES OF RETURN TO EDUCATION s RATES OF RETURNS s REGRESSION ANALYSIS s RESPECT s RETURNS TO EDUCATION s RISING DEMAND s RURAL AREAS s SALARIES s SALARY s SALES s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOL LEAVERS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOLING s SERVICE TRAINING s SKILL LEVEL s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SKILLS REQUIREMENTS s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOURCE OF INFORMATION s SOUTH ASIAN s STOCKS s SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY LEVEL s TERTIARY LEVELS s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYED YOUTH s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s URBAN AREAS s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WAGE s WAGES s WITHDRAWAL s WORK EXPERIENCE s WORKFORCE English en_US How education and training systems respond to the sweeping changes brought about by globalization and the knowledge economy can have far-reaching implications for developing countries in terms of sustainability of growth, competitiveness, job creation, and poverty reduction. This issue is especially pertinent to the countries of South Asia, which are currently growing at a rapid pace and are gradually becoming more integrated into the world economy. This regional study is a first attempt to address these questions. Its main objective is to document and compare trends in education and training in the countries of South Asia, as well as the associated changes in earnings and employment. It draws upon household, labor force, and firm-level surveys from 1990 to the most recent year available. The analysis focuses on Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka (countries with well-developed surveys), with some references to Bhutan, the Maldives, and Nepal, along with comparisons with countries in East Asia and with other regions 40 17-11-21 00:18:55.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987258X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19637 Volltext, Open Access

1759728012

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728012 OCoLC 1255600578 WBOKR 19244 EBP 064561720 KEP 064561720 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19244 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ukraine Poverty Update World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Ukraine s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ABSOLUTE POVERTY LINE s ABSOLUTE TERMS s ADOLESCENTS s ANNUAL CHANGE s ASSISTANCE TO FAMILIES s AVERAGE GROWTH s AVERAGE WAGES s BASIC NEEDS s BIG CITIES s CALORIES PER DAY s CENTRAL ASIAN s CHANGES IN POVERTY s CHILDBIRTH s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER EXPENDITURES s CONSUMER PRICES s CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE s CONSUMPTION DATA s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES PER CAPITA s CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA s DAILY CALORIES s DEBT s DECLINE IN POVERTY s DEFICITS s DENSITY FUNCTION s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DURABLES s EAST EUROPE s EAST EUROPEAN s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC TRENDS s EDUCATION LEVEL s ELDERLY s ELDERLY PEOPLE s ELEMENTARY EDUCATION s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPORTERS s FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FOOD BASKET s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD GOODS s FOOD POVERTY s FOOD POVERTY LINE s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s GINI COEFFICIENT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HIGH GROWTH s HIGH POVERTY s HIGH TAXES s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD ENERGY CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLDS WITH CHILDREN s HOUSING s HOUSING SUBSIDIES s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN NEEDS s IMPACT ON POVERTY s INCIDENCE ANALYSIS s INCOME s INCOME GROUPS s INDICATORS OF POVERTY s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFORMAL ECONOMY s JOINT STOCK COMPANY s LABOR MARKET s LARGE FAMILIES s LIVING STANDARDS s LONG RUN s LOW SHARE s MEAT s MILK s NATIONAL INVESTMENTS s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY RATE s NATURAL GAS s NUMBER OF CHILDREN s OLD AGE s OLD-AGE s OLD-AGE PENSION s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION PAYMENTS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s POINT DECLINE s POINT DISTRIBUTION s POOR s POOR FAMILIES s POOR GROUPS s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR PEOPLE s POORER GROUPS s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY ASSESSMENTS s POVERTY CHANGES s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATE s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY MEASUREMENT s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY SEVERITY s POVERTY UPDATE s PRICE CHANGES s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRO-POOR s PRO-POOR GROWTH s PROGRESS s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC SECTOR s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REDUCED POVERTY s REDUCING POVERTY s REPAYMENTS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY LINE s RURAL STANDARD s SAVINGS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SETTLEMENT s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL DIMENSIONS s SOCIAL POLICY s SQUARED POVERTY GAP s SUBSISTENCE s TARGETING s TAX s TAX RATES s TRANSFER PROGRAMS s TRANSITION ECONOMY s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN SETTLEMENTS s VEGETABLES s WAGE RATES s YOUNG ADULTS English en_US Ukraine recorded one of the sharpest declines in poverty of any transition economy in recent years. The poverty rate, measured against an absolute poverty line, fell from a high of 32 percent in 2001 to 14 percent in 2004, and then again to 8 percent in 2005. This Update presents simulations of the direct influence of an increase in energy prices on the poverty rate. Using 2005 as a base period, the simulations estimate the poverty rates that might result from alternative increases in the price of energy. In this simple model, the main determinant of the impact of the increase in energy prices on poverty is the share of energy in total household expenditures. An increase in energy prices will harm the poor slightly more than the rich because the poor have a slightly higher share of energy in their expenditures 40 17-11-21 00:18:55.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872598 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19244 Volltext, Open Access

1759728020

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728020 OCoLC 1255600557 WBOKR 19242 EBP 064561712 KEP 064561712 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19242 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Democratic Republic of the Congo Poverty and Social Impact Analysis Mine Sector Reform World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Africa Congo, Democratic Republic of s ABSENTEEISM s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AIDS EDUCATION s AUDITS s BANKRUPTCY s BANKS s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s BOARD OF DIRECTORS s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CHECKS s CHILD LABOR s CITIES s CIVIL WAR s CLINICS s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY HEALTH s CONSULTING FIRM s CONTRIBUTION s CONTRIBUTIONS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s DEBT s DEBT SERVICE s DECISION MAKING s DEPENDENT CHILDREN s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DISSEMINATION s DIVERSIFICATION s DRUG USE s DRUGS s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC FUTURE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION CAMPAIGNS s EDUCATION DEPARTMENTS s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SPECIALISTS s EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM s EMPLOYMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURES s EXTENDED FAMILIES s EXTENDED FAMILY s EXTENSION SERVICES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FEES FOR SERVICES s FEWER PEOPLE s FINANCIAL DATA s FINANCIAL DIFFICULTY s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PROBLEMS s FINANCIAL SITUATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FLOW OF INFORMATION s FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s FUTURE INCOME s GENERAL POPULATION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HIV s HOSPITAL s HOSPITAL BEDS s HOSPITALS s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSES s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HYGIENE s INCOME s INCOME INCREASE s INDUSTRIAL ASSETS s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INFLATION s INFORMATION CENTERS s INHABITANTS s INITIAL CAPITAL s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTEREST GROUPS s INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY s INTERVENTION s INTERVENTIONS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s IRA s JOB TRAINING s LAWS s LEVEL OF NEED s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOAN s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL CAPACITY s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL ECONOMY s LOCALITIES s MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s MALARIA s MALNUTRITION AMONG CHILDREN s MARKETING s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MEDICAL CARE s MEDICAL SERVICES s MEDICAL STAFF s MINISTRIES OF HEALTH s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MORTALITY s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL POLICIES s NEIGHBORHOOD s NUMBER OF CHILDREN s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s NUTRITION s OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH s OUTREACH PROGRAMS s PARTICIPATORY PROCESS s PATIENTS s PEACE s PENSION s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY LEVEL s POLITICAL OPPOSITION s POOR INVESTMENT s POOR NEIGHBORHOODS s POPULAR SUPPORT s POSSESSION s POVERTY LEVEL s PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PRIVATE SCHOOLS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFESSORS s PUBLIC ASSISTANCE s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE s QUALITY OF SERVICES s QUALITY OF TEACHING s RADIO s REAL COST s RELIGIOUS LEADERS s RENTING s RENTS s RESEARCHERS s RESOURCES FOR EDUCATION s RESPONSIBILITIES s RETIREMENT s RURAL ECONOMY s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SALARIES s SALARY s SALE s SCHOOL AGE s SCHOOL BUILDINGS s SCHOOL SYSTEMS s SCHOOL YEAR s SCHOOL YEARS s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE QUALITY s SIBLINGS s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL FUNDS s SOCIAL IMPACT s SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL ISOLATION s SOCIAL PROBLEMS s SOCIAL SCIENCES s SOCIAL SECTORS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICE s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL SUPPORT s SOCIAL SYSTEMS s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOUTH AMERICA s STAKEHOLDER s STAKEHOLDERS s SUPPLY CHAINS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TEACHER s TEACHER RATIO s TEACHERS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL EXPERTISE s TOTAL COST s TOWNS s TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES s TRAINING PROGRAMS s UNION MEMBERS s UNIONS s USER FEES s VALUABLE s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WAGES s WAR s WORK FORCE s WORKERS s WORKFORCE s YEARS OF SERVICE s YOUNGER WORKERS s YOUTH pha English en_US Although the initial impetus for this poverty and social impact analysis (PSIA) was to inform the Gecamines retrenchment program, it quickly became evident during the scoping that the policy issues fell into two broad categories: a) Short term which involved the key issues of inquiry focusing on what the impact of this program might be, how to mitigate negative effects, and, according to the standard methodology for PSIA, whether the alternatives to restructuring were better or worse than the reform itself. Accordingly, a central question concerned the degree to which Gecamines' degradation had already caused adjustments in income and services and whether the alternative of not restructuring would have been preferable; and b) Medium term which stressed plans to restructure the sector included re-centering on the company's core activity and competency (ore extraction and production of copper and cobalt metal), and minimizing its role as a social service provider. The DRC Government had set a timetable of 2 years for this transfer, but viable options for the future provision of these services still had yet to be defined. Upstream work on the degree to which Gecamines' financial collapse has affected the provision of these ancillary services (and therefore the degree of impact from such a shift), as well as the design of mitigatory mechanisms and institutional options was essential as part of the PSIA 40 17-11-21 00:18:55.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872601 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19242 Volltext, Open Access

1759728039

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728039 OCoLC 1255600505 WBOKR 19226 EBP 064561704 KEP 064561704 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19226 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO West Bank and Gaza Energy Sector Review World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa West Bank and Gaza s ACCOUNTING s ADDITIONAL SAVINGS s AMOUNT OF POWER s ANNUAL PAYMENT s ANNUAL SAVING s APPLIANCE OWNERSHIP s APPROACH s AVAILABILITY s AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK ACCOUNTS s BORROWING s BULK ELECTRICITY s BULK POWER s BULK POWER SUPPLY s BULK SUPPLY s CAPACITY OF ELECTRICITY s CASH COLLECTION s COAL s COAL PLANT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL ENERGY s COMMERCIAL STANDARDS s CONSTANT PRICES s CONSUMER s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY s CONSUMPTION OF PETROLEUM s CONTRIBUTION s COST OF ELECTRICITY s COST RECOVERY s CURRENCY s CURRENT PRICES s CUSTOMER BASE s DEBT s DEBTS s DELINQUENT CUSTOMERS s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DEPRECIATION s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DIESEL s DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES s DISTRIBUTION COMPANY s DISTRIBUTION GRID s DISTRIBUTION LOSSES s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS s DISTRIBUTION UTILITIES s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC ENERGY s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s ELECTRIC COMPANY s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRICAL OUTPUT s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY ASSETS s ELECTRICITY BILLS s ELECTRICITY COMPANY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY LAW s ELECTRICITY MARKET s ELECTRICITY MARKETS s ELECTRICITY NETWORKS s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SALES s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SERVICES s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY SYSTEM s ELECTRICITY USERS s ENERGY BALANCE s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY CONVERSION s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY INTENSIVE s ENERGY LOSSES s ENERGY MARKET s ENERGY MARKETS s ENERGY MIX s ENERGY POLICY s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY PROVIDERS s ENERGY REQUIREMENTS s ENERGY SECURITY s ENERGY STATISTICS s ENERGY SUPPLY s ENERGY SYSTEMS s FINANCES s FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES s FINANCIAL IMPACT s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL LOSSES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FORMS OF ENERGY s FUEL s FUEL CONSUMPTION s FUEL COST s FUEL FOR POWER GENERATION s FUEL MARKETS s FUEL PRICES s FUEL PRODUCTS s FUEL SUPPLY s FUELS s GAS s GAS DEVELOPMENT s GAS FIELDS s GAS LINES s GAS PRICES s GAS PRODUCTION s GAS RESOURCES s GAS SECTOR s GAS SUPPLIES s GAS TURBINE s GASOLINE s GASOLINE IMPORTS s GENERATION CAPACITY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HIGH VOLTAGE s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSING ASSOCIATION s ILLEGAL CONNECTIONS s IMPORTS OF PETROLEUM s INCENTIVES FOR CONSUMERS s INCOME s INSURANCE s INTEREST CHARGES s KEROSENE s KEROSENE CONSUMPTION s LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS s LIVING STANDARDS s LNG s LOCAL BUSINESSES s LOW COST s MARKETING s METER READING s MIDDLE EAST s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS DEMAND s NATURAL GAS MARKET s NATURAL GAS RESOURCES s NATURAL GAS SUPPLY s NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION s NATURAL RESOURCES s NORTH AFRICA s OIL s OIL PRODUCTS s OIL REFINERIES s OILS s PEAK DEMAND s PEAK LOADS s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM GAS s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s PIPELINE s POWER s POWER CAPACITY s POWER COMPANIES s POWER COMPANY s POWER CONSUMPTION s POWER DEMAND s POWER DISTRIBUTION s POWER GENERATING CAPACITY s POWER GENERATION s POWER GENERATION CAPACITY s POWER GRID s POWER GRIDS s POWER PLANT s POWER PRICES s POWER PRODUCER s POWER PRODUCERS s POWER PURCHASE s POWER REQUIREMENT s POWER SECTOR s POWER SYSTEM s POWER USERS s POWER UTILITIES s PRICE INDEX s PRICE OF ELECTRICITY s PRICE OF OIL s PRIMARY ENERGY s PRIMARY ENERGY RESOURCES s PRODUCTION OF POWER s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PURCHASES s RATE OF RETURN s REAL COST s RELATED COSTS s RESPONSIBILITIES s RETAIL ELECTRICITY s RETAIL PRICE s RETAIL PRICES s SALARIES s SAVINGS s SENIOR s SOLAR ENERGY s SOLE PROVIDER s SOURCE OF ENERGY s SUPPLY OF ELECTRICITY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s THERMAL UNIT s TRANSMISSION CAPACITY s TRANSMISSION COMPANY s TRANSMISSION CONSTRAINTS s TRANSMISSION LINE s TRANSMISSION LINES s TRANSMISSION LOSSES s TRANSMISSION NETWORKS s TRANSMISSION SYSTEM s TYPES OF FUEL s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UTILITY BILLS s VALUABLE s VEHICLES s VOLTAGE s WAGES s WATER HEATING s WITHDRAWAL s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US This report examines the energy sector in the West Bank and Gaza. It finds that from the perspective of its energy sector, West Bank and Gaza is in an unusual position in at least three respects: 1) Because of political and logistical factors, nearly all of these supplies at present come from Israel; 2) A second unusual challenge faced by West Bank and Gaza is its fragmentation into two distinct geographical zones with divergent economic characteristics and 3) A third unusual challenge is the constraints imposed by Israeli policies and actions on the ability of the Palestinian Authority (PA) to operate and develop its energy systems. This Review addresses the question of how the energy sector can make an effective contribution to the economic recovery and long-term growth of West Bank and Gaza in this situation. It does so by examining the broad regional and strategic dimensions relating to the sector that form the basis of a sustainable investment and institutional development program. This Review is structured in three parts. The first part is this Executive Summary that presents the recommendations of the Review, which are grouped at the end of this summary. They are based on analysis developed in the main chapters of the Review that comprise the second part. These chapters deal with specific aspects of the energy sector, namely the current pattern of energy supply and consumption, the technical and financial performance of the power utilities, the impact of the energy sector on the PA's recurrent budget, the natural gas market, and the investment requirements in the electricity system and associated fuel supply facilities for West Bank and Gaza. These chapters in turn are supported in the third part of the Review by technical annexes that examine in some detail specific aspects such as oil products supply and demand, the demand for electricity, and power network investment needs in West Bank and Gaza, the performance of the Gaza Power Plant (GPP), and developments in the Israeli natural gas and electricity markets that have a bearing on the energy sector in West Bank and Gaza 40 17-11-21 00:18:55.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987261X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19226 Volltext, Open Access

1759728047

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:20.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728047 OCoLC 1255600570 WBOKR 19622 EBP 064561690 KEP 064561690 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19622 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Albania Urban Sector Review World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource ALBANIA Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTING s AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES s ASSETS s AUTONOMY s BANKS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CITIES s CITY SIZE s COMMAND ECONOMY s COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS s CONSTRUCTION s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYMENT s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL REFORMS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOUSING s HOUSING DEMAND s INCOME s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND PRICES s LAND USE s LARGE CITIES s LAWS s LEGISLATION s LOCAL BUDGETS s LOCAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE s LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUES s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL LEVEL s LOCAL REVENUE s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MIGRATION s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL BUDGETS s MUNICIPAL LEVEL s MUNICIPAL REVENUE s MUNICIPALITIES s MUNICIPALITY s POLITICAL AUTHORITY s POVERTY REDUCTION s PREFECTURES s PRIVATE GOODS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY TAXES s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SPACES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC WORKS s REAL ESTATE MARKETS s ROADS s SECONDARY CITIES s SETTLEMENT UPGRADING s SETTLEMENTS s SHELTER s SOCIAL EXCLUSION s SOCIAL SERVICES s STATE OWNERSHIP s STREETS s SUBURBS s TAX RATES s TAXATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TRANSPORT s URBAN s URBAN AREAS s URBAN DESIGN s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN ECONOMIES s URBAN ECONOMY s URBAN GOVERNANCE s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN HOUSING s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN LAND s URBAN LAND MANAGEMENT s URBAN MANAGEMENT s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN PLANS s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN POVERTY s URBAN SECTOR s URBAN SERVICES s URBANIZATION s URBANIZATION PROCESS s USER CHARGES s UTILITIES s VACANT LAND s WATER SUPPLY English en_US This report on Albania urban sector review focuses on trends and issues that have come to the fore with rapid urbanization and with the recent decentralization of major responsibilities to local governments. Continuing the achievements and addressing the problems will require actions by local governments and, just as importantly, by the central government, which sets the legal and regulatory conditions for local governance and the tone of political leadership. The major challenges facing both levels of government include: 1) restoring a better balance between public goods and private goods, and between public interests and private interests, as demonstrated in urban management and land use; 2) devising and implementing a form of urban planning and regulation that serves the urban economy and the demands for commercial and household real estate, and can be enforced; 3) making local governments more effective managers of cities, with sustainable financing. This implies that the private sector is enabled and not hampered by avoidable problems with local infrastructure services, or by unnecessary regulations or fiscal impositions; and 4) helping the citizens who remain relatively disadvantaged to continue improving their welfare, including their housing assets, in the urban location. The study concludes that the dramatic transformations Albania has experienced since the transition have had very clear spatial dimensions. The increased concentrations of population settlement and of economic activity have brought about improvements in welfare for both the urban residents and for the communities sending migrants. The geographic pattern of Albania's economy is strong and apparently becoming more established, as the Tirana/Durres metropolitan region will likely remain the economic center of gravity. Urban growth will continue but at a measured pace, as Albania's urbanization rate approaches levels seen elsewhere in Europe. National development strategies and policies, including policies to strengthen and improve the investment climate experienced by firms in each city, should therefore acknowledge and work with these spatial realities 40 17-11-21 00:18:55.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872628 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19622 Volltext, Open Access

1759728055

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:20.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728055 OCoLC 1255600522 WBOKR 19243 EBP 064561682 KEP 064561682 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19243 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bosnia and Herzegovina Pension System Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe and Central Asia s ACCRUAL RATES s AGED s AVERAGE WAGE GROWTH s BASIC BENEFIT s BENEFIT FORMULA s BUDGETARY SUPPORT s CITIZENS s CONTRIBUTION RATE s CONTRIBUTION RATES s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DISABILITY s DISABILITY PENSIONS s EARNINGS HISTORIES s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ELDERLY s ELDERLY POPULATION s GROSS WAGES s HEALTH INSURANCE s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INEQUITIES s INFLATION INDEXATION s INFORMAL SECTOR s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LIMITED RESOURCES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s NET WAGE s NOMINAL WAGES s OLD AGE s OPPORTUNITIES FOR INDIVIDUALS s PENSION COVERAGE s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION RIGHTS s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEM PARAMETERS s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONERS s PENSIONS s POLITICAL DECISION s POPULATION DECLINES s POPULATION ESTIMATES s POPULATION PROJECTIONS s POPULATION STRUCTURE s POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATIZATION s PUBLIC SYSTEM s REPLACEMENT RATE s RESPECT s RETIREES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT AGE s RETIREMENT AGES s RETIREMENT SAVINGS s REVENUE COLLECTION s SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAMS s SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEMS s SOCIAL PENSION s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SPOUSE s SURVIVOR PENSIONS s TREATIES s WAGE HISTORIES s WAR s WORKER CONTRIBUTIONS s YOUNG AGE English en_US The Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) pension system currently consists of two pension funds, each functioning in one o f the two entities making up Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Federation (FBiH) and Republika Srpska (RS). Both pension systems have already undertaken substantial reforms supported by the World Bank. However, critical problems still exist in both systems and will only worsen with time. This note provides an evaluation of the current system and provides some possible reform options. The note is organized as follows: Section 2 contains a brief overview of the historical development of the pension systems, Section 3 contains a brief overview of the current demographics and financial status of the pension funds, Section 4 provides a detailed review of the pension system design parameters in each system, providing international comparisons, Section 5 provides projections of the financial and social consequences of today's parameters, Section 6 provides some reform options which harmonize parameters across the two entities and remove the most obvious disincentives in the current systems, Section 7 provides a longer run view on options for dealing with declining pension coverage among the elderly, and Section 8 concludes 40 17-11-21 00:18:55.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872636 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19243 Volltext, Open Access

1759728063

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:20.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728063 OCoLC 1255600585 WBOKR 19238 EBP 064561674 KEP 064561674 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19238 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Trade Issues in East Asia Preferential Rules of Origin World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific s ABSORPTION PRINCIPLE s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s APPAREL s APPAREL PRODUCERS s APPLIED STUDIES s AUTHENTICATION s AVERAGE TARIFF s AVERAGE TARIFF RATES s AVERAGE TARIFFS s BILATERAL CUMULATION s BILATERAL MARKET ACCESS s BILATERAL TRADE s BILATERAL TRADE AGREEMENTS s BORDER TRADE s CERTIFICATION PROCEDURES s CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE s COMMERCIAL POLICY s COMPLIANCE COSTS s CONCESSIONS s CONTENT RULES s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS AUTHORITIES s CUSTOMS CLASSIFICATION s CUSTOMS CODES s CUSTOMS DUTIES s CUSTOMS PROCEDURES s DOMESTIC FIRMS s DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC PRICES s DOMESTIC PRODUCERS s DOMESTIC REGULATIONS s DUTY DRAWBACK s DUTY REBATES s DUTY-FREE TREATMENT s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s ECONOMIC WELFARE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATIONS s EXPORT COUNTRY s EXPORT PROCESSING s EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES s EXPORTERS s EXPORTING COUNTRY s EXPORTING MEMBER STATE s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL TARIFFS s EXTERNAL TRADE s FINAL PRODUCT s FINAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINISHED PRODUCT s FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS s FREE TRADE AREA s FREE TREATMENT s HARMONIZATION s IMPORT COSTS s IMPORTED INPUTS s IMPORTS s INCREASING POLICY COORDINATION s INTERMEDIATE GOODS s INTERMEDIATE INPUT s INTERMEDIATE INPUTS s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS s INTRA-ASEAN TRADE s LABOR COSTS s LOCAL CONTENT s LOCAL VALUE s LOW TRADE s MARKET ACCESS s MEMBER COUNTRIES s MEMBER COUNTRY s MEMBER STATES s MERCHANDISE TRADE s METAL PRODUCTS s MULTILATERAL ARENA s NATIONAL TREATMENT s NON-ORIGINATING INPUTS s NON-ORIGINATING MATERIALS s NON-TARIFF BARRIER s NON-TARIFF BARRIERS s NON-TARIFF MEASURES s ORIGIN DETERMINATION s ORIGIN REQUIREMENT s ORIGIN RULES s ORIGINATING COUNTRY s ORIGINATING PARTS s ORIGINATING PRODUCTS s PACIFIC REGION s PARTNER COUNTRIES s PATTERN OF TRADE s POLICY RESEARCH s PREFERENTIAL ACCESS s PREFERENTIAL AGREEMENT s PREFERENTIAL AGREEMENTS s PREFERENTIAL MARGIN s PREFERENTIAL RATES s PREFERENTIAL RULES s PREFERENTIAL RULES OF ORIGIN s PREFERENTIAL STATUS s PREFERENTIAL TARIFF s PREFERENTIAL TARIFF TREATMENT s PREFERENTIAL TRADE s PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENT s PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS s PREFERENTIAL TRADING s PREFERENTIAL TRADING ARRANGEMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCESSING REQUIREMENTS s PRODUCT SPECIFIC s PRODUCT-SPECIFIC RULES s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION NETWORKS s PRODUCTION PROCESSES s PROVING ORIGIN s RAW MATERIALS s REASONABLE MANNER s RECIPROCAL BASIS s REDUCING TARIFFS s REGIONAL AGREEMENTS s REGIONAL CONTENT s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s REGIONAL MARKETS s REGIONAL PREFERENCES s REGIONAL PRODUCERS s REGIONAL TRADE s REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENT s REGIONAL VALUE s REGIONAL VALUE CONTENT s REGIONALISM s REGULATORY BARRIERS s REMOVING TARIFFS s RESTRICTIVE RULES s RESTRICTIVE RULES OF ORIGIN s SUBSTANTIAL TRANSFORMATION s TARIFF BARRIER s TARIFF BARRIERS s TARIFF CLASSIFICATION s TARIFF EQUIVALENTS s TARIFF HEADING s TARIFF LEVELS s TARIFF LINES s TARIFF PREFERENCES s TARIFF PROTECTION s TARIFF RATES s TARIFF REDUCTIONS s TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS s TERRITORIAL WATERS s TRADE AGENDA s TRADE AGREEMENT s TRADE CREATION s TRADE DEFLECTION s TRADE DIVERSION s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE FLOWS s TRADE IN GOODS s TRADE ISSUES s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE NEGOTIATIONS s TRADE NEGOTIATORS s TRADE PERFORMANCE s TRADE POLICY s TRADE PREFERENCES s TRADING PARTNER s TRADING PARTNERS s TRADING SYSTEM s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS s TRANSPARENT RULES s UNDETERMINED ORIGIN s UNILATERAL TRADE s UNILATERAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION s VALUE-ADDED REQUIREMENT s VALUE-ADDED RULE s VALUE-CONTENT REQUIREMENT s WORLD PRICE s WORLD PRICES s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION English en_US Rules of origin are a necessary feature of any regional trade agreement. They ensure that preferences are available only to the signatories of the agreement and that imports from non-members do not avoid customs duties by entering through the member with the lowest tariff. The rules of origin define the amount of local processing, or the extent of the transformation of the product, that must be undertaken in the country from which the product claiming preferences is exported. The definition of these requirements to prevent trade deflection is not straightforward. If the rules are too onerous and complex and are costly to comply with, they will limit the impact of tariff reductions on trade. Indeed, import competing industries have often been successful in obtaining restrictive rules of origin that dilute the impact of the loss of tariff protection. This is most apparent in agreements between developed countries and lower wage countries. As FTAs multiply in the region, putting in place rules of origin (ROO) that are simple, transparent, and easy to implement becomes important. The experience in the implementation of the AFTA rules of origin can provide some lessons for the upcoming FTAs 40 17-11-21 00:18:55.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872644 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19238 Volltext, Open Access

1759728071

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:20.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728071 OCoLC 1255600591 WBOKR 19245 EBP 064561666 KEP 064561666 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19245 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Policy Challenges for Education and Economic Growth in the Slovak Republic World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Slovak Republic s ACADEMIC SUBJECTS s ACHIEVEMENT SCORES s ADDITION s ADULT LITERACY s ADULTS s AGE GROUPS s APTITUDES s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC SCHOOLING s COMPULSORY EDUCATION s CORE CURRICULUM s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s EDUCATION ATTAINMENT s EDUCATION ENROLLMENTS s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION PROGRAMS s EDUCATION QUALITY s EDUCATION REFORM s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENTS s ELEMENTARY SCHOOL s ENGINEERING s ENROLLMENT INCREASES s ENROLLMENT RATIOS s FACTUAL KNOWLEDGE s FORMAL CURRICULUM s FORMAL EDUCATION s FORMAL SCHOOLING s FUNCTIONAL LITERACY s GENERAL EDUCATION s GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION s GENERIC SKILLS s GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS REPORT s GRAMMAR s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIOS s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INSTRUCTION s INTERVENTIONS s LEADERSHIP s LEARNING s LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LIFELONG LEARNING s LIFELONG LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES s LITERACY SKILLS s LITERACY SURVEY s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOW EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s MATHEMATICS s MOBILITY s NEW ENTRANTS s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s OCCUPATIONS s PAPERS s PARITY s PEDAGOGY s PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIMARY LEVEL s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PROBLEM SOLVING s PUPILS s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s READING s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOL DROPOUT s SCHOOL GRADUATES s SCHOOL QUALITY s SCHOOLING s SCIENCE ACHIEVEMENT s SCIENCE EDUCATION s SCIENCE STUDY s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s SKILL TRAINING s SOCIAL LEARNING s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENTS s SUBJECT AREAS s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS s VOCATIONAL SCHOOL s VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS s VOCATIONAL STUDENTS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WORK EXPERIENCE s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUTH English en_US This policy note examines this question as to whether Slovakia's education system will play a strong supporting role in maintaining the impressive record in economic growth. It begins by describing several features of the education system that constitute a potential threat to continued economic growth. Next it identifies some of the factors contributing to suboptimal education performance. It concludes with a number of reform options for policy actions to ensure that education plays a positive role in supporting strong economic growth in the future 40 17-11-21 00:18:55.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872652 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19245 Volltext, Open Access

175972808X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:20.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972808X OCoLC 1255600592 WBOKR 19240 EBP 064561658 KEP 064561658 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19240 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO East Asian FTAs in Services World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Trade issues in East Asia East Asia and Pacific s AGREEMENT ON TRADE s AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES s AGRICULTURAL TRADE s AIR TRANSPORT s ARBITRAL PANELS s BARGAINING POWER s BENEFITS OF TRADE s BILATERAL AGREEMENTS s BILATERAL TRADE s BILATERAL TRADE AGREEMENTS s BILATERAL TREATIES s BUSINESS SERVICES s COMMERCIAL PRESENCE s COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES s CONSUMPTION ABROAD s CROSS-BORDER SUPPLY s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS UNION s DIFFERENTIAL TREATMENT s DISPUTE SETTLEMENT s DISPUTE SETTLEMENT MECHANISMS s DOHA DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s DOMESTIC FIRMS s DOMESTIC LAWS s DOMESTIC REGULATION s DOMESTIC SUPPLIERS s DOMESTIC TRADE s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENTS s ECONOMIC POLICY s ELECTRONIC COMMERCE s EMERGENCY SAFEGUARDS s EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES s EXPORTS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FIRST-MOVER ADVANTAGE s FOREIGN COMPETITION s FOREIGN COUNTRIES s FOREIGN COUNTRY s FOREIGN ENTRY s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN MARKETS s FOREIGN PARTICIPATION s FOREIGN POLICY s FOREIGN POLICY CONSIDERATIONS s FOREIGN SERVICE SUPPLIERS s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS s FREE TRADE AREA s GATS s GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS s GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES s GLOBAL COMPETITION s GLOBAL LEVEL s HARMONIZATION s IMPORTED GOODS s IMPORTING COUNTRY s IMPROVED MARKET ACCESS s INFANT INDUSTRY s INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE s INTERNATIONAL LAW s INVESTMENT RULES s KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVERS s LABOR MOBILITY s LEGAL STATUS s LIBERAL RULE s LIBERAL RULES s LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE s LIBERALIZING TRADE s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET FAILURE s MARKET OPENING s MEASURES AFFECTING TRADE s MEMBER COUNTRIES s MFN s MODES OF SUPPLY s MOST FAVORED NATION s MOVEMENT OF NATURAL PERSONS s MULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS s MULTILATERAL COMMITMENTS s MULTILATERAL LEVEL s MULTILATERAL LIBERALIZATION s MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS s MULTILATERAL TRADE s MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS s MULTILATERAL TRADING SYSTEM s NATIONAL TREATMENT s NEGATIVE WELFARE s NONDISCRIMINATORY LIBERALIZATION s OPEN MARKETS s OPENNESS s PACIFIC REGION s PARTNER COUNTRY s POLICY REFORMS s POLICY RESEARCH s POSTAL SERVICES s PREFERENCE EROSION s PREFERENTIAL ACCESS s PREFERENTIAL AGREEMENTS s PREFERENTIAL BASIS s PREFERENTIAL LIBERALIZATION s PREFERENTIAL MARKET ACCESS s PREFERENTIAL TRADE s PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS s QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS s REDUCING BARRIERS s REGIONAL AGREEMENT s REGIONAL AGREEMENTS s REGIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s REGIONAL CONTEXT s REGIONAL FORUM s REGIONAL FREE TRADE s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s REGIONAL LEVEL s REGIONAL TRADE s REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS s REGULATORY COOPERATION s REGULATORY OBJECTIVES s RESTRICTIVE RULES OF ORIGIN s RULES OF ORIGIN s SERVICE ACTIVITIES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE SECTORS s SERVICE SUPPLIERS s SERVICES AGREEMENT s SERVICES AGREEMENTS s SERVICES CONTEXT s SERVICES LIBERALIZATION s SERVICES NEGOTIATIONS s SERVICES SECTORS s SERVICES TRADE s SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES s STATE-TO-STATE DISPUTE SETTLEMENT s TAX REVENUES s TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS s TOURISM s TOURISM SERVICES s TRADE AGENDA s TRADE AGREEMENT s TRADE BARRIER s TRADE BARRIERS s TRADE CONCESSIONS s TRADE DISCIPLINES s TRADE DIVERSION s TRADE DIVERSION EFFECT s TRADE IN GOODS s TRADE ISSUES s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE NEGOTIATIONS s TRADE POLICIES s TRADE POLICY s TRADE PREFERENCES s TRADE REFORMS s TRADE REGIME s TRADE RELATIONS s TRADE RULES s TRADE-RESTRICTIVE MEASURES s TRADING PARTNER s TRADING PARTNERS s TRADING SYSTEM s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT SERVICES s UNILATERAL LIBERALIZATION s WELFARE GAINS s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US Bilateral and regional free trade agreements (FTAs) are proliferating across the globe, fundamentally altering the governance of world trade. Many of the recently concluded FTAs are comprehensive in their coverage, seeking to not only dismantle barriers to trade in goods but also the liberalization of trade in services. What have FTAs in services actually accomplished? This paper offers an assessment of the new generation of services agreements that have been concluded in the East Asia region. Until recently, governments in this region had been hesitant to enter into bilateral or regional arrangements. Yet since the year 2000-when only one regional services agreement was in force-twenty-four agreements have been signed that include at least one party in East Asia. Additionally, around 40 FTAs are currently being negotiated in the region, which suggests an even more prominent role for FTAs in the future 40 17-11-21 00:18:55.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872660 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19240 Volltext, Open Access

1759728098

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728098 OCoLC 1255600317 WBOKR 19232 EBP 06456164X KEP 06456164X 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19232 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India's Emergent Horticultural Exports Addressing Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standards and Other Challenges World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s AGRICULTURAL MARKETING s AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURE s ASPARAGUS s BANANAS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CHERRIES s COMMERCE s COMMERCIALIZATION s COMMODITY s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER AWARENESS s CONSUMERS s CROP s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP YIELDS s CUT FLOWERS s DECISION MAKING s DIET s DISEASES s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT HORTICULTURE s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT SUPPLY CHAINS s EXTENSION s EXTERNAL MARKET s EXTERNAL MARKETS s FARM s FARM MANAGEMENT s FARMER s FARMER ASSOCIATIONS s FARMERS s FARMS s FEED s FIELD TRIALS s FINISHED PRODUCTS s FLOWERS s FOOD PROCESSING s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD SAFETY s FRUITS s GDP s GRAPES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HORTICULTURAL CROPS s HORTICULTURAL EXPORTS s HORTICULTURAL MARKETS s HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTION s HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS s HORTICULTURAL TRADE s HORTICULTURE s HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT s INCOMES s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s LABORATORIES s LEGUMES s LIVELIHOODS s MANGOES s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET ORIENTATION s MARKET POTENTIAL s MARKET SEGMENT s MARKET SEGMENTS s MARKET STUDIES s MARKETING BOARD s MIDDLE EAST s ONIONS s ORNAMENTAL PLANTS s PATHOGENS s PEAS s PEST MANAGEMENT s PESTICIDE s PESTICIDE RESIDUE s PLANT HEALTH s PLANT PESTS s PRICE PREMIUM s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCE s PRODUCT LINES s PULSES s REGULATORY SYSTEMS s RETAIL s RETAILING s RICE s SAHEL s SALES s SOUTH ASIAN s SPREAD s SUBSTITUTE s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT s TRADE REFORMS s VARIETAL DEVELOPMENT s VEGETABLE INDUSTRY s VEGETABLE PROCESSING s VEGETABLES s WHEAT s WTO pha English en_US This study was initiated by a request from the State Governments of Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra for the World Bank to examine the current and prospective sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS)-related barriers facing their tropical fruit exports. Specific interest was expressed in examining issues and outlining solutions pertaining to exports of bananas, pomegranates, and fresh mangoes. This study seeks to (1) provide insights into the range of SPS-related and broader competitiveness challenges and opportunities facing Indian export horticulture, (2) highlight strengths and weaknesses in current approaches and capacities to address these challenges, and (3) identify near- and medium-term priority actions-both specific and strategic-to enhance competitiveness and standards compliance. The study ultimately seeks to catalyze a more strategic dialogue between Indian policy makers, technical agencies, and the private sector regarding priority actions and the appropriate and sustainable division of roles and responsibilities of different players. This study is organized as follows: an introduction followed by Chapter 2, which provides an overview of selected international trends in horticultural trade and introduces some of the official and private standards. Chapter 3 shifts to the broader Indian context. It summarizes major trends in domestic horticultural production and marketing, the prevailing regulatory environment, and the complex apparatus of government support and other interventions in this sector. Chapter 4 denotes major trends in the growth and market orientation of Indian horticultural exports and highlights key competitive strengths and weaknesses in the export supply chains for a range of commodities or products. Chapter 5 examines how SPS measures and capacities affect India's current market access and the profitability of its horticultural trade. The chapter identifies "looming threats" to this trade and discusses alternatives for mitigating them, including changes in crop production or procurement, conformity assessment, and/or other arrangements. Chapter 6 draws out the conclusions from the study and includes recommendations and policy options for the Government of India 40 17-11-21 00:18:56.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872679 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19232 Volltext, Open Access

1759728101

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728101 OCoLC 1255600612 WBOKR 19241 EBP 064561631 KEP 064561631 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19241 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Promoting Pro-Poor Agricultural Growth in Rwanda Challenges and Opportunities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Africa Rwanda s ACTUAL YIELDS s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY s AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL MARKETING s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY s ANIMAL HEALTH s ANIMAL RESOURCES s ANIMALS s ANNUAL CROPS s BANANAS s BASE YEAR s BEANS s CASH CROPS s CASSAVA s CEREALS s CHRONIC FOOD INSECURITY s COFFEE s COFFEE EXPORTS s COFFEE MARKET s COFFEE PRICES s COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE s COMMODITY s COMMODITY MARKETING s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION INCREASES s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP PROTECTION s CROP YIELDS s CROPPING s CROPPING INTENSITY s CROPPING PATTERNS s CROPPING SYSTEMS s CUT FLOWERS s DAIRY PRODUCTS s DEBT s DEGRADATION s DEMAND FOR FOOD s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DISEASES s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC PRICES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EGGS s ELASTICITY s EXPORT CROPS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKETS s EXTREME POVERTY s FAO s FARM s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMING SYSTEMS s FERTILIZER s FERTILIZER USE s FISH s FLOWERS s FODDER s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD CROP s FOOD CROP PRODUCERS s FOOD CROP PRODUCTION s FOOD CROPS s FOOD IMPORTS s FOOD POLICY s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SELF-SUFFICIENCY s FOOD STAPLES s FRUITS s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL MARKETS s GRAIN s GRAZING s GROWTH IN AGRICULTURE s GROWTH RATE s HORTICULTURAL CROPS s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HUMAN CAPITAL s IFPRI s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GAINS s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME QUINTILE s INCOMES s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE s IRRIGATION s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LAND HOLDINGS s LAND PRODUCTIVITY s LAND RESOURCES s LANDHOLDING SIZE s LANDHOLDINGS s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s MAIZE s MEAT s MILK s MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN s MULTIPLIER EFFECTS s NATIONAL ECONOMY s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY RATE s NICHE MARKETS s NUTRITION s OILSEEDS s PEAS s PER CAPITA INCOME s PESTICIDE s POOR s POPULATION GROWTH s POTATOES s POTENTIAL YIELDS s POULTRY s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION IMPACT s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCE s PRODUCER ORGANIZATIONS s PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION GAINS s PRODUCTION INCREASES s PRODUCTION INPUTS s PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PULSES s RICE s ROOT CROPS s RURAL s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL FINANCIAL SERVICES s RURAL GROUPS s RURAL HEALTH s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY RATE s RURAL SECTOR s SEED s SHEEP s SILK s SOIL FERTILITY s SOILS s SOYBEANS s SPECIALTY COFFEE s SUBSISTENCE s SUBSISTENCE ECONOMY s SUGAR s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s SWEET POTATOES s TARGETING s TEA s TERRACING s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TUBERS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VALUE ADDED s VEGETABLE OILS s VEGETABLES s WAGE GROWTH s WATER RESOURCES s WHEAT pha English en_US This report summarizes the findings of a study undertaken by the World Bank at the request of the Government of Rwanda. The study had three main objectives: (i) Validate the argument that agriculture has potential to become a leading engine of pro-poor growth in Rwanda and identify potential sources of rapid and sustainable growth within the agricultural sector; (ii) identify key actions that will be needed to unlock these sources of agricultural growth, and describe actions in other sectors that will be needed to support the successful implementation of the government's agricultural policy agenda; and (iii) confirm the congruence between the priority actions needed to stimulate increased agricultural growth and the policy reforms, institutional changes, and supporting investments envisioned under the Plan Strategique de Transformation Agricole (PSTA). This report consists of five sections, of which the introduction is the first. Section 2 describes the importance of agriculture in the economy of Rwanda and analyzes recent trends in the performance of the agricultural sector. Section 3 discusses possible future drivers of growth, considering both the demand and the supply side. Section 4 presents the results of a modeling exercise that explores the likely future impacts of alternative growth strategies on incomes, poverty, foreign exchange earnings, and food security. Section 5 concludes by discussing key actions within the agricultural sector that will be needed to stimulate sustainable pro-poor growth 40 17-11-21 00:18:56.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872687 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19241 Volltext, Open Access

175972811X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:20.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972811X OCoLC 1255600685 WBOKR 19234 EBP 064561623 KEP 064561623 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19234 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO People's Republic of Bangladesh Revival of Inland Water Transport Options and Strategies World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Bangladesh South Asia s ACCESSIBILITY s ASH s BERTHING s BITUMEN s BOATS s BRIDGES s BUSES s CARGO s CARGO HANDLING s CARGO VESSELS s CEMENT s CHANNELS s COASTAL WATERS s CONTAINER TRAFFIC s CONTAINER TRANSPORT SERVICES s CONTAINER VESSELS s CREW MEMBERS s CROSSING s DEFORESTATION s DEREGULATION s DIESEL s DRAINAGE s DREDGING s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENGINE s FATALITIES s FERRIES s FERRY s FINANCES s FRAMEWORK s FREIGHT s FREIGHT HANDLING s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s FUEL s FUEL CONSUMPTION s GYPSUM s HAULAGE s INLAND CONTAINER DEPOT s INLAND WATER TRANSPORT s INLAND WATERWAY s INLAND WATERWAYS s JOURNEY s LOADING s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL TRAFFIC s LOCAL TRIPS s MAJOR ROADS s MECHANIZATION s MODAL SHARE s MODE OF TRANSPORT s NATIONAL TRANSPORT s NAVIGATION s PASSENGER s PASSENGER SERVICES s PASSENGER TRAFFIC s PASSENGER TRANSPORT s PASSENGERS s PAVED ROADS s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s PORT DUES s PORT INFRASTRUCTURE s PORT MANAGEMENT s PORT OPERATORS s PORT PRODUCTIVITY s PORT USERS s PORTS s POVERTY REDUCTION s RAIL s RAILWAYS s RIVER TRANSPORT s ROAD s ROAD ACCIDENTS s ROAD BRIDGES s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD MAINTENANCE FUND s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SERVICES s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD VEHICLES s ROADS s ROUTES s RURAL AREAS s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL MOBILITY s RURAL PEOPLE s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL ROADS s RURAL WATER TRANSPORT s SAFETY s SHIP OPERATIONS s SHIPPING s STREAMS s STRUCTURES s SURFACE DRAINAGE s SUSTAINABILITY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TEU s TOLLS s TRAFFIC s TRAILERS s TRANSIT s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT AUTHORITY s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT DEMAND s TRANSPORT MARKET s TRANSPORT MODE s TRANSPORT NETWORKS s TRANSPORT OPERATIONS s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION s TRIP s TRIPS s TRUCKING s TRUCKS s WAREHOUSES s WATERCOURSES English en_US In Bangladesh, being a country with many rivers, Inland Water Transport (IWT), is a major mode for the transport o f goods and people. IWT is important for the poor as well as for the competitiveness and growth o f the economy as it is the cheapest mode of transport compared to road or rail. Until recently, however, the sector had received little attention from the Government of Bangladesh with only limited resources allocated to its development. The primary goals of this economic and sector work (ESW) study are to: (i) to provide an overview and assessment of IWT in Bangladesh, (ii) to identify and discuss the sector's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT analysis); (iii) to help the Government to define a strategy agreed with stakeholders to bolster the sector's contribution to shared growth and poverty reduction; and (iv) to identify priorities for a possible support from the Bank to the sector scheduled in FY09. The scope of the report will be limited to transport issues and will not propose a strategy for river management in relation to water management. However, the report will help to better integrate the IWT strategy and the water management strategy. The report is structured into a number of sections (3 to 14) which analyze the sector's situation and issues, followed by an analysis of the sector's SWOT (section 15). The report then concludes in section 16 with a summary of the main strategic recommendations that might constitute the foundations o f a new IWT strategy in Bangladesh. Section 17 provides orientations for future World Bank involvement in the sector 40 17-11-21 00:18:56.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872695 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19234 Volltext, Open Access

1759728128

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:21.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728128 OCoLC 1255600549 WBOKR 19619 EBP 064561615 KEP 064561615 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19619 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Strategic/Sectoral, Social and Environmental Assessment of Power Development Options in the Nile Equatorial Lakes Region Main Report SNC Lavalin International VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Africa East Africa s ACCESS ROADS s ACID s ACID RAIN s AGRICULTURE s AIR s AIR POLLUTANT s APPROACH s ASH s ASH DISPOSAL s AVAILABILITY s BIRDS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATIC CHANGE s CLIMATIC CHANGES s CO s COAL s COMPARATIVE ANALYSES s COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS s COST SAVINGS s DECISION MAKING s DEFORESTATION s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DIESEL s DROUGHT s ECONOMIC CRITERIA s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIC SITUATION s ECOSYSTEM s ELECTRIC ENERGY s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRIC POWER DEMAND s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s EMISSIONS s ENERGY CONVERSION s ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS s ENERGY NEEDS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL RISK s EXPORTS s FEASIBILITY STUDIES s FISH s FLOOD s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s GAS TURBINE s GAS TURBINES s GEOTHERMAL CAPACITY s GEOTHERMAL PLANTS s GEOTHERMAL POWER s GEOTHERMAL POWER STATIONS s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s HEAVY RELIANCE s HYDRO RESOURCES s HYDROLOGY s HYDROPOWER s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPORTS s INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS s LAKES s LAND TENURE s LAND USE s LEGISLATION s LNG s METHANE s METHANE GAS s MONTREAL s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCES s PEAK DEMAND s PEAK POWER s PLANT OUTPUT s POLLUTANT EMISSIONS s POPULATION GROWTH s PORTFOLIO s POWER s POWER AVAILABILITY s POWER GENERATION s POWER INVESTMENTS s POWER PRODUCERS s POWER SECTOR s POWER SECTOR PLANNING s POWER SECTORS s POWER SHORTAGES s POWER SYSTEM s POWER TRADE s PRESENT VALUE s PRODUCTIVITY s PROTEINS s PSC s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVOIRS s RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s RIVERS s RUNOFF s STRATUS s THERMAL PLANTS s TRANSMISSION INTERCONNECTION s TURBINES s WATER QUALITY s WETLANDS s WIND s WIND ENERGY s WIND FARM s WIND POWER s WIND RESOURCES English en_US The strategic / sectoral social and environmental assessment of power development options (SSEA) offers an overview analysis of major regional power development options and regional transmission interconnections in the Nile Equatorial Lakes region in Eastern Africa. The assessment provides a solid foundation for planning the development of the power sectors of the region as it contains a proposed development strategy and a regional Nile Equatorial Lakes indicative development plan to the year 2020. The SSEA is based on a review of the current environmental and social context, the existing legal and regulatory framework, an assessment of the power needs for the region, and identification of the power development options and a comparison of these options in terms of environmental, socio/economic and risk considerations. It is a tool for public and private financiers, in their assessment of potential support to power development programs and projects in the region from a strategic perspective. The SSEA is consistent with the World Bank's 2001 Environment Strategy and was undertaken within the framework of the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) and the Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program, one of two investment sub-programs of the NBI, promoting cooperative investment projects in Eastern Africa. The study area covered Burundi, the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda and was undertaken in partnership with country experts and regional stakeholders. Key recommendations include: a) a set of power options to be implemented as soon as possible; b) further baseline studies of promising power options; c) countries in the region should move towards a high degree of power system interconnection and associated legal reforms; and d) prepare, develop and finance in the order of 100 MW of identified priority power options and strengthen the associated transmission networks 40 17-11-21 00:18:56.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872709 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19619 Volltext, Open Access

1759728136

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:21.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728136 OCoLC 1255600550 WBOKR 19618 EBP 064561607 KEP 064561607 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19618 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Strategic/Sectoral, Social and Environmental Assessment of Power Development Options in the Nile Equatorial Lakes Region Executive Summary SNC Lavalin International VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Africa East Africa s ACCESS ROADS s ACID s ACID RAIN s AGRICULTURE s AIR s AIR POLLUTANT s APPROACH s ASH s ASH DISPOSAL s AVAILABILITY s BIRDS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CO s COAL s COMPARATIVE ANALYSES s COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS s COST SAVINGS s DAMS s DECISION MAKING s DEFORESTATION s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DIESEL s DROUGHT s ECONOMIC CRITERIA s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIC SITUATION s ECOSYSTEM s ELECTRIC ENERGY s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRIC POWER DEMAND s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY TRADE s EMISSIONS s ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS s ENERGY NEEDS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL RISK s EXPORTS s FEASIBILITY STUDIES s FISH s FLOOD s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s GAS s GAS TURBINE s GEOTHERMAL CAPACITY s GEOTHERMAL PLANTS s GEOTHERMAL POWER s GEOTHERMAL POWER STATIONS s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s HEAVY RELIANCE s HYDROLOGY s HYDROPOWER s IMPORTS s LAKES s LAND USE s LEGISLATION s LNG s METHANE s METHANE GAS s MONTREAL s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCES s PEAK DEMAND s PEAK POWER s PLANT OUTPUT s POLLUTANT EMISSIONS s POPULATION GROWTH s PORTFOLIO s POWER s POWER AVAILABILITY s POWER DEVELOPMENT s POWER GENERATION s POWER INVESTMENTS s POWER OUTAGES s POWER PRODUCERS s POWER PROJECTS s POWER SECTOR s POWER SECTOR PLANNING s POWER SECTORS s POWER SHORTAGES s POWER SYSTEM s POWER TRADE s PRESENT VALUE s PRODUCTIVITY s PROTEINS s PSC s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s RIVERS s RUNOFF s STRATUS s THERMAL PLANTS s TRANSMISSION INTERCONNECTION s TURBINES s WATER QUALITY s WETLANDS s WIND s WIND ENERGY s WIND FARM s WIND POWER s WIND RESOURCES English en_US The strategic / sectoral social and environmental assessment of power development options (SSEA) offers an overview analysis of major regional power development options and regional transmission interconnections in the Nile Equatorial Lakes region in Eastern Africa. The assessment provides a solid foundation for planning the development of the power sectors of the region as it contains a proposed development strategy and a regional Nile Equatorial Lakes indicative development plan to the year 2020. The SSEA is based on a review of the current environmental and social context, the existing legal and regulatory framework, an assessment of the power needs for the region, and identification of the power development options and a comparison of these options in terms of environmental, socio/economic and risk considerations. It is a tool for public and private financiers, in their assessment of potential support to power development programs and projects in the region from a strategic perspective. The SSEA is consistent with the World Bank's 2001 Environment Strategy and was undertaken within the framework of the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) and the Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program, one of two investment sub-programs of the NBI, promoting cooperative investment projects in Eastern Africa. The study area covered Burundi, the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda and was undertaken in partnership with country experts and regional stakeholders. Key recommendations include: a) a set of power options to be implemented as soon as possible; b) further baseline studies of promising power options; c) countries in the region should move towards a high degree of power system interconnection and associated legal reforms; and d) prepare, develop and finance in the order of 100 MW of identified priority power options and strengthen the associated transmission networks 40 17-11-21 00:18:56.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872717 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19618 Volltext, Open Access

1759728144

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:21.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728144 OCoLC 1255600431 WBOKR 19615 EBP 064561593 KEP 064561593 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19615 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Tajikistan Private Sector Development Strategy Donor Coordination Council VerfasserIn aut Government of Tajikistan VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s ACCOUNTANTS s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTS s ACTIONS s ACTS s ADVERTISING s AGRICULTURE s ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION s BANKRUPTCY s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BUSINESS RISK s BUSINESS SERVICES s BUSINESS SUPPORT SERVICES s CENTRAL PLANNING s CODES s COMMERCIAL RISK s COMPETITION LAW s COMPETITIVE MARKETS s COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY s DEBT s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DONOR COORDINATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC REFORM s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EXPORTS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s GDP s GROWTH RATE s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s LAWS s LAWYERS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL RECOURSE s LEGISLATION s MARKETING s MONOPOLY s NATURAL RESOURCES s OMBUDSMAN s PER CAPITA INCOME s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POSSESSION s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVE ASSETS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s RECOURSE MECHANISMS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s SALES s SECURE PROPERTY RIGHTS s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL OUTPUT s TRADE BARRIERS s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US This report sets out recommendations for the Government of Tajikistan to implement in order to make feasible its intention to develop a comprehensive strategy for private sector development. Many of these actions - such as eliminating restrictions on the term of licenses and reducing the number of licenses to 65 - can be accomplished in less than a year and should show rapid results, thus demonstrating the Government's credibility in conducting reforms and strengthening business and investor confidence that improvements in investment climate are now a reality. The study believes that in order to sustain economic growth over the medium and long-term, Tajikistan will clearly need to attract investment and further diversify its economy. Realizing this potential, however, will require significant improvements in its investment climate, not only through the continued modernization of its legal and regulatory framework, but the institutional capacity to implement the reforms they were intended to realize. Otherwise, the private sector in Tajikistan will continue to have to cope with an unclear and overly cumbersome regulatory and institutional framework that stifles competition, increases the cost and risk of doing business, and discourages innovation and risk taking 40 17-11-21 00:18:56.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872725 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19615 Volltext, Open Access

1759728152

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:21.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728152 OCoLC 1255600432 WBOKR 19621 EBP 064561585 KEP 064561585 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19621 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Lebanon Economic and Social Impact Assessment from Recovery to Sustainable Growth World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Lebanon Middle East and North Africa s ACCOUNTABILITY s AGRICULTURE s AUDITING s BANK DEPOSITS s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURES s BANKS s BANQUE DU LIBAN s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BASIC EDUCATION s BENEFICIARY s BLOCK GRANTS s CAPITAL BUDGETING s CASH MANAGEMENT s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL BANK s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPETITION POLICY s CONDITIONAL CASH s CONFLICT s CONSOLIDATION s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICING s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES s DONOR AGENCIES s DONOR GRANT s DONOR SUPPORT s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC DOWNTURN s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EDUCATION SUBSIDIES s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYMENT s FAMILY SUPPORT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL REFORMS s FORMAL EMPLOYMENT s GDP s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH SPENDING s HEALTH SYSTEM s HOUSING s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME s INFLATION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL DONORS s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR UNIONS s LAWS s LOSS OF LIVELIHOODS s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MIDDLE EAST s MONOPOLY s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION s MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MUNICIPALITIES s NORTH AFRICA s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE s PENSION s PENSIONS s POOR s PORTS s PRICE DISTORTIONS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL GDP s RECOVERY PROGRAM s REFORM PROGRAM s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REVENUE COLLECTION s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MITIGATION s SHOCK s SKILLED WORKERS s SOCIAL ACTION s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAMS s SOCIAL POLICY s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL SPENDING s STATE ASSETS s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUPPORT NETWORKS s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TARGETING s TAX s TAX COMPLIANCE s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRANSPORT s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE s URBAN PLANNING s VULNERABLE POPULATIONS s WAR s WASTE DISPOSAL s WATER SUPPLY s WORKING CAPITAL s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US The Government of Lebanon current reform agenda includes a number of proposals to expand reform efforts, as well as to introduce effective and efficient sector policies and expenditure programs. The draft program also includes key proposals to improve Lebanon's business environment. This program needs to be agreed, articulated and supported by adequate resources. The speed and strength of this process are critical for avoiding a severe deterioration in public finances and returning the Lebanese economy to a path of growth. This report sets out an overall framework starting, in Section I, with a discussion of the prevailing macro/fiscal challenges and the complexities added to it by the hostilities. Section II presents the elements of a reform program to promote recovery and sustainable growth. Section III discusses the role of donors in providing financial and technical assistance in support of the Government's program. Section IV reiterates the importance of building consensus around the reform agenda. The report is based on detailed technical analysis of economic, social and infrastructure sectors in terms of the impact of the hostilities and priorities for reform over the next several years 40 17-11-21 00:18:56.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872733 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19621 Volltext, Open Access

1759728160

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728160 OCoLC 1255600586 WBOKR 19638 EBP 064561577 KEP 064561577 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19638 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Sri Lanka Strengthening Social Protection World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource South Asia Sri Lanka s ACTIVE LABOR s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s AGE GROUP s AGING s AGING POPULATIONS s BASIC NUTRITION s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFIT LEVELS s BENEFIT PACKAGE s CASH BENEFIT s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS s CASH TRANSFERS s CHILD LABOR s CHRONIC POVERTY s CIVIL CONFLICT s COLLECTIVE BARGAINING s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s CONDITIONAL CASH s CONFLICT s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING s CONTRIBUTORY PENSIONS s CORE LABOR STANDARDS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISABILITY s DISABILITY ALLOWANCE s DISABILITY INSURANCE s DISABILITY PAYMENTS s DISASTER RELIEF s DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES s DISPLACEMENT s DROUGHT s DRUG ABUSE s EARTHQUAKE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PRODUCTIVITY s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s ELDERLY s ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA s EMERGENCIES s EMPLOYABILITY s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT IMPACT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT PROTECTION LEGISLATION s EQUITY GOALS s FINANCIAL CAPACITY s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FOOD ASSISTANCE s FOOD EXPENDITURE s FORMAL INCOME s GENDER DISCRIMINATION s GENDER PARITY s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH INSURANCE s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s ILL HEALTH s INCOME s INCOME LOSS s INCOME RISKS s INCOME SHOCKS s INCOME SUPPORT s INCOME SUPPORT SYSTEM s INCOME SUPPORT SYSTEMS s INCOME TRANSFER s INCOME TRANSFERS s INDIVIDUAL RISKS s INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS s INEQUALITY s INEQUITIES s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATES s INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT s INFORMAL SECTOR s INFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS s INFORMAL SUPPORT s INFORMAL WORKERS s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INJURIES s INSURANCE PROGRAM s INSURANCE SCHEMES s JOB COUNSELING s JOB CREATION s JOB DESTRUCTION s JOB DESTRUCTION RATE s JOB SECURITY s JOB-SEEKERS s JOBS s LABOR COSTS s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR LEGISLATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS s LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES s LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s LABOR MARKET RIGIDITIES s LABOR MOBILITY s LABOR REDEPLOYMENT s LABOR STANDARDS s LABOR SUPPLY s LARGE FAMILIES s LATIN AMERICAN s LAYOFF s LEGAL RIGHTS s LIMITED ACCESS s MALNOURISHED CHILDREN s MALNUTRITION s MARKET FAILURES s MEANS TEST s MIGRATION s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINIMUM WAGES s NATIONAL ACTION s NATURAL DISASTERS s NON-WAGE COSTS s OCCUPATIONS s OLD AGE s PARTICIPATION RATE s PASSIVE LABOR s PASSIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAM s PASSIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s PAYING JOBS s PENSION s PENSIONS s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PERMANENT SETTLEMENT s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY MAKERS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL SUPPORT s POOR s POOR FAMILIES s POORER PEOPLE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR JOBS s PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS s PRODUCTIVITY GAINS s PROGRAM COVERAGE s PROGRESS s PROTECTION SYSTEM s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SECTOR WORKERS s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY EDUCATION s REHABILITATION ASSISTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH INDICATORS s RESPECT s RETIREMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY NET PROGRAMS s SAVINGS s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOL CHILDREN s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SERVANTS s SERVICE EMPLOYMENT s SEVERANCE PAY s SEVERANCE PAY SYSTEMS s SHOCK s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL NETWORKS s SOCIAL POLICY s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL RISK s SOCIAL RISKS s SOCIAL SAFETY NET s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOUTH ASIAN s STREET CHILDREN s SUPPORT NETWORKS s SUPPORT SYSTEM s TARGETING s TAX EXEMPTION s TRADE UNIONS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRANSFER PROGRAM s TRANSFER PROGRAMS s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYED YOUTH s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE PROGRAM s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE PROGRAMS s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE SYSTEM s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNFUNDED LIABILITY s UNIVERSAL HEALTH s UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION s URBANIZATION s VOLUNTARY SECTOR s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WAGE PREMIUM s WAGE SUBSIDIES s WELFARE BENEFITS s WORK INCENTIVES s WORKER s WORKFARE s WORKFORCE pha English en_US This report reviews Sri Lanka's social protection programs and proposes strategic options for enhancing their role in promoting growth with equity. Well designed social protection (SP) systems can help address poverty and inequality through redistribution, and mitigate risks and facilitate employment opportunities, thus contributing to both growth and equity goals. The report first identifies the poor and vulnerable (chapter 1) and then reviews and evaluates employment protection and promotion policies and programs (chapter 2), social security/insurance schemes (chapter 3), and safety net programs (chapter 4) and proposes policy options The concluding chapter summarizes key analytical findings and presents a unified policy framework to improve social protection. The report relies mainly on extensive existing literature from Sri Lankan and international researchers. The remaining part of this section summarizes the main issues and policy options 40 17-11-21 00:18:56.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872741 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19638 Volltext, Open Access

1759728179

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:21.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728179 OCoLC 1255600500 WBOKR 19620 EBP 064561569 KEP 064561569 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19620 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Strategic/Sectoral, Social and Environmental Assessment of Power Development Options in the Nile Equatorial Lakes Region Appendices SNC Lavalin International VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Africa East Africa s AGRICULTURE s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BIOMASS s CARBON s CARBON EMISSIONS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COAL s COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DIESEL s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ELECTRIC ENERGY s ELECTRIC UTILITY s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s EMISSION s ENDANGERED SPECIES s ENERGY CONSERVATION s ENERGY COST s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY NEEDS s ENERGY PAYBACK RATIO s ENERGY POLICIES s ENERGY POLICY s ENERGY SECTOR s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY s EVALUATION CRITERIA s EVAPORATION s FISHERIES s FORESTRY s FOSSIL s FUEL s FUEL COSTS s GENERATION CAPACITY s GEOTHERMAL POWER s GREENHOUSE GASES s GRID s GRIDS s HYDROELECTRIC POWER s HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT s HYDROPOWER s IMPORTS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVENTORY s KILOWATT-HOUR s KILOWATT-HOURS s LAND USE s LNG s METHANE s NATIONAL INCOME s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCE BASE s NATURAL RESOURCES s OIL s PLANT OUTPUT s PORTFOLIO s POSITIVE EFFECTS s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POWER s POWER DEMAND s POWER DEVELOPMENT s POWER GENERATION s POWER PRODUCERS s POWER PROJECTS s POWER SECTOR s POWER SECTORS s POWER SYSTEMS s POWER TRADE s POWER TRADING s POWER UTILITIES s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC HEARINGS s PURCHASING POWER s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s THERMAL PLANT s THERMAL POWER s TRANSMISSION INTERCONNECTION s TRANSMISSION LINES s UTILITIES s WETLANDS s WIND s WIND ENERGY s WIND POWER English en_US The strategic / sectoral social and environmental assessment of power development options (SSEA) offers an overview analysis of major regional power development options and regional transmission interconnections in the Nile Equatorial Lakes region in Eastern Africa. The assessment provides a solid foundation for planning the development of the power sectors of the region as it contains a proposed development strategy and a regional Nile Equatorial Lakes indicative development plan to the year 2020. The SSEA is based on a review of the current environmental and social context, the existing legal and regulatory framework, an assessment of the power needs for the region, and identification of the power development options and a comparison of these options in terms of environmental, socio/economic and risk considerations. It is a tool for public and private financiers, in their assessment of potential support to power development programs and projects in the region from a strategic perspective. The SSEA is consistent with the World Bank's 2001 Environment Strategy and was undertaken within the framework of the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) and the Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program, one of two investment sub-programs of the NBI, promoting cooperative investment projects in Eastern Africa. The study area covered Burundi, the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda and was undertaken in partnership with country experts and regional stakeholders. Key recommendations include: a) a set of power options to be implemented as soon as possible; b) further baseline studies of promising power options; c) countries in the region should move towards a high degree of power system interconnection and associated legal reforms; and d) prepare, develop and finance in the order of 100 MW of identified priority power options and strengthen the associated transmission networks 40 17-11-21 00:18:56.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987275X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19620 Volltext, Open Access

1759728195

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:21.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728195 OCoLC 1255600600 WBOKR 19639 EBP 064561550 KEP 064561550 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19639 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Islamic Republic of Iran Power Sector Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Iran, Islamic Republic of Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BOILER s CALCULATION s CAPACITY PAYMENTS s CAPITAL COSTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CASH FLOW s CEMENT s COMMERCIAL ENERGY s CONSUMPTION OF ELECTRICITY s COST OF ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s COST OF SERVICE s COST RECOVERY s CYCLE GAS s CYCLE POWER s CYCLE POWER PLANTS s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DIESEL s DISCOUNT RATE s DISTRIBUTION LOSSES s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EFFICIENT ENERGY s ELASTICITY OF DEMAND s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY COMPANY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY MARKET s ELECTRICITY PRICE s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s EMISSIONS s END-USE s END-USERS s ENERGY AUDITS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY CONVERSION s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES s ENERGY INTENSITY s ENERGY INTENSIVE s ENERGY USAGE s FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FUEL s FUEL EFFICIENCY s FUEL OIL s FUEL PRICE s FUEL PRICES s FUEL SUPPLY s FUEL SWITCHING s FUELS s GAS CONSUMPTION s GAS SHORTAGES s GAS SUPPLY s GAS TURBINE s GAS TURBINE TECHNOLOGY s GAS TURBINES s GENERATING UNITS s GENERATION s GENERATION ASSETS s GENERATION CAPACITY s GENERATION COSTS s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH IN DEMAND s HEAT s HEAT RATE s HOLDING COMPANY s HYDRO-POWER s HYDROPOWER s INCOME s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s LNG s LOAD DEMAND s LOAD FACTOR s MARGINAL COST OF ELECTRICITY s MARKET RULES s MARKET SHARES s MIDDLE EAST s NATIONAL GRID s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION s NATURAL GAS INFRASTRUCTURE s NATURAL GAS PRICE s NATURAL GAS PRICES s NATURAL GAS SUPPLY s NEW PLANTS s NORTH AFRICA s PEAK DEMAND s PEAK LOAD s PILOT PROJECTS s POWER s POWER CONSUMPTION s POWER GENERATION s POWER PRODUCTION s POWER SECTOR s POWER SUPPLY s POWER SYSTEM s PRICE COMPETITION s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE REDUCTIONS s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC SECTOR s REGIONAL ELECTRICITY s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT s RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIAL s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s RENEWABLE SOURCES s RETAIL ELECTRICITY s RETAIL PRICES s RETAIL TARIFFS s SINGLE BUYER MODEL s SMALL POWER PRODUCERS s STEAM CYCLE s STEAM PLANT s STEAM TURBINE s TARIFF REFORM s TELEVISION BROADCASTING s THERMAL POWER s THERMAL POWER GENERATION s THERMAL POWER PLANTS s TRANSMISSION ASSETS s TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSMISSION LOSSES s VOLTAGE s WIND s WIND CAPACITY s WORLD ENERGY English en_US Over the past decade, the Iranian electricity sector's ability to supply reliable service has come under increasing pressure. This is evidenced by more frequent gas supply constraints to generation plants, high levels of debt and increasing losses in the network. The key roots of the problems in the sector are the under-pricing of natural gas which fuels the majority of the power generation, and the low retail electricity tariffs which lead to high per capita consumption of electricity and thus large investment requirements in new generation capacity to keep up with the demand. The Government of Iran is aware of the challenges and is pursuing a number of reforms to improve the performance of the sector, including private sector participation in the generation of electricity and implementation of a power pool with a view of developing a competitive market. While these reforms will eventually contribute towards a more sustainable sector, their implementation and success will require tackling the under-pricing of natural gas and electricity. Without tackling these issues, the impact of reform efforts will remain limited and to some extent academic, and run the risk of increasing the Government's fiscal exposure as under-writer of the policies and transactions in the sector. This Note reviews some key challenges in the sector and highlights their strategic implications. The Note also provides some suggested next steps in the form of a "road-map" to address these issues 40 17-11-21 00:18:56.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872768 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19639 Volltext, Open Access

1759728209

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:21.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728209 OCoLC 1255600720 WBOKR 19539 EBP 064561542 KEP 064561542 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19539 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ethiopia Explaining Food Price Inflation Jeni Klugman VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia s ADVERSE IMPACTS s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGGREGATE SUPPLY s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS s AGRICULTURAL GOODS s AGRICULTURAL MARKET s AGRICULTURAL MARKETING s AGRICULTURAL MARKETS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRICES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTORS s AGRICULTURAL VALUE s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE MARKETS s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s AUCTION s AVERAGE PRICE s BAKING s BASE YEAR s BENCHMARK s BORDER PRICES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s CEREAL PRICES s CEREAL PRODUCTION s CEREAL YIELD s CEREALS s COMBINES s COMMERCIALIZATION s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY EXCHANGE s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER PRICE s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMERS s COST OF LIVING s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP ROTATION s CUTTING s DEBT s DEMAND FOR FOOD s DEMAND MANAGEMENT s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC PRODUCERS s ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC TRENDS s EDIBLE OILS s ELASTICITY s ELASTICITY OF DEMAND s EXCESS DEMAND s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT s EXPORT TRADE s FARM s FARM EMPLOYMENT s FARM INCOME s FARM INPUTS s FARMERS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FOOD AID s FOOD AVAILABILITY s FOOD CROPS s FOOD DEMAND s FOOD EXPENDITURES s FOOD IMPORTS s FOOD MARKETS s FOOD POLICY s FOOD POLICY RESEARCH s FOOD PRICE INFLATION s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SUPPLY s FOOD TRANSFERS s FOODS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FRUITS s GDP s GLUTEN s GRAIN s GRAIN PRICES s GRAIN PRODUCTION s GRAIN TRADER s GRAIN TRADERS s GRAINS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s IFPRI s IMPORT TARIFFS s INCOME s INCOME EFFECTS s INCOME ELASTICITY OF DEMAND s INFLATION RATE s INPUT PRICES s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s LIQUIDITY s LIVE ANIMALS s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s LIVESTOCK SECTOR s M2 s MAIZE s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET INTEGRATION s MARKET PRICE s MARKET PRICES s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SUPPLY s MARKETING s MEAT s MERCHANDISE s MERCHANDISE EXPORTS s MIDDLEMEN s MILLS s MOBILIZATION s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY SUPPLY s PARITY PRICE s PEPPER s PER CAPITA INCOME s PER CAPITA INCOMES s POTATO s PRICE ADJUSTMENT s PRICE ADJUSTMENTS s PRICE CEILING s PRICE CHANGE s PRICE CHANGES s PRICE DECLINES s PRICE DETERMINATION s PRICE EFFECT s PRICE FORECASTS s PRICE INCREASE s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE INFLATION s PRICE LEVEL s PRICE LEVELS s PRICE MOVEMENTS s PRICE TREND s PRICE TRENDS s PRIVATE STORAGE s PRODUCT MARKET s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION INCREASES s PRODUCTIVITY s PULSES s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s REAL GDP s REAL INTEREST RATE s RURAL AREAS s SALES s STOCKS s STORAGE CAPACITY s STRUCTURAL CHANGE s SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURE s SUBSTITUTION s SUGAR s SUPPLY INCREASE s SUPPLY INCREASES s SURPLUS s SURPLUSES s T-BILLS s TRADE FLOWS s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTIONS COSTS s TRANSACTIONS DEMAND FOR MONEY s TREASURY BILLS s VALUE ADDED s VOLATILITY s WAREHOUSE s WEALTH s WFP s WHEAT s WHOLESALE PRICE s WHOLESALE PRICES s WORLD FOOD PROGRAM English en_US This study sheds some light on the challenges facing policy makers in Ethiopia, but much remains to be better understood. Over the past three years, food price inflation in Ethiopia has been persistently high, and overall inflation has been in double. While the spike in 2002 can be broadly explained by the drought-induced output shock that year, over the period as a whole, food price - and in particular grain price - trends present a puzzle in several respects. This is a serious concern for policy-makers, not least because the poor spend most of their income on food, and are adversely affected by rising prices. Even in rural areas, it is estimated that about half the population are net buyers of food. The issue of food price inflation has attracted rising concern in the national media and among policy makers, academics and of course the public at large, as well as among development partners. The structure of this note is as: authors review the key features of Ethiopian grain markets, before laying out a basic methodological approach to analyze the drivers of inflation, followed by a review of the relative importance of different explanatory factors on the demand, supply and marketing sides. Authors then turn to explore the impacts of food price changes on households, drawing on the most recent household data available. The final section highlights emerging policy conclusions 40 17-11-21 00:18:56.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872776 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19539 Volltext, Open Access

1759728217

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:21.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728217 OCoLC 1255600741 WBOKR 19613 EBP 064561534 KEP 064561534 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19613 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Egyptian National Postal Organization Postal Financial Services and Access to Finance World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS FEE s ACCESS POINTS s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCOUNT HOLDER s ACCOUNT MANAGEMENT s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS s AFFILIATES s AGRICULTURAL CREDIT s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ATM CARD s AUDITING s AUTOMATIC TELLER s AUTONOMY s BALANCE INQUIRIES s BALANCE INQUIRY s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK BRANCH s BANK BRANCH NETWORK s BANK BRANCHES s BANK CREDITS s BANKING REFORM s BANKING REGULATION s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BOARDS OF DIRECTORS s BORROWING s BUSINESS ACTIVITY s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUSINESS MANAGEMENT s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES s BUSINESS PLAN s BUSINESS STRATEGIES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH FLOW s CASH PAYMENTS s CASHLESS TRANSACTIONS s CHECKING ACCOUNT s CHECKING ACCOUNTS s CHEQUE PAYMENTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CLEARING HOUSE s CLEARING HOUSES s CLEARINGHOUSES s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS s CONSUMER FINANCE s CONTRACTUAL SAVINGS s CORPORATE FINANCE s CORRESPONDENT BANKS s CREDIT CARDS s CREDIT PRODUCTS s CREDIT PROVIDERS s CREDIT TRANSFERS s CURRENCY EXCHANGE s CURRENT ACCOUNTS s CUSTOMER BASE s CUSTOMER RELATIONS s CUSTOMER SERVICE s DEBIT CARD s DEBIT CARDS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT MOBILIZATION s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DIVERSIFICATION s E-COMMERCE s E-GOVERNMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION LEVEL s EQUITY PARTICIPATION s EXPENDITURE s FARMERS s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ACCESS s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL EXCLUSION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL REGULATOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR REFORM s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SERVICES PROVIDER s FINANCIAL SERVICES PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FORMAL FINANCE s FORMAL FINANCIAL SECTOR s FORMAL FINANCIAL SERVICES s FORMAL SAVINGS s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s HIGH INTEREST RATES s HOME OWNERSHIP s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s INCOME GROUPS s INEQUALITY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INITIAL DEPOSIT s INSURANCE s INTEREST MARGIN s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INVESTMENT BANK s LACK OF COLLATERAL s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s LIMITED ACCESS s LOAN CLASSIFICATION s LOAN LOSS PROVISIONS s LOAN SIZES s MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MFIS s MICRO CREDIT s MICRO FINANCE s MICRO-CREDIT s MICRO-LOANS s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MIGRATION s MONEY ORDERS s MONEY TRANSFER s MONEY TRANSFERS s MONEYLENDERS s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE MARKET s MORTGAGE MARKETS s MUNICIPALITIES s MUTUAL FUND s MUTUAL FUNDS s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL POSTAL s NET SALES s NEW MARKET s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OUTREACH s OVERDRAFT s PARCELS s PARTNER BANK s PAYMENT COLLECTION s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PAYMENTS SERVICES s PENSIONS s POST s POST OFFICE s POST OFFICE SAVINGS BANK s POST OFFICES s POSTAL BANK s POSTAL BANKS s POSTAL FINANCE s POSTAL FINANCIAL SERVICES s POSTAL ORGANIZATION s POSTAL SAVINGS s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFITABILITY s PUBLIC BANKS s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RETAIL BANKING s RETAIL BANKS s RETURN ON INVESTMENT s RETURN ON INVESTMENTS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RURAL CREDIT s RURAL CREDIT COOPERATIVES s RURAL FINANCIAL SERVICES s SAFETY NET s SAVINGS s SAVINGS ACCOUNT s SAVINGS ACCOUNTS s SAVINGS BANK s SAVINGS PASSBOOKS s SAVINGS PLANS s SAVINGS PRODUCT s SECURITIES s SMALL LOAN s SMART CARDS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOLVENCY s SOURCE OF INFORMATION s SUBSIDIARIES s SUBSIDIARY s SUPERVISORY FRAMEWORK s TAX EXEMPTION s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TRANSPORT s UNION s URBAN AREAS s WAREHOUSES English en_US ENPO is an organization employing 48,000 staff and operating a network of more than 9,000 access points (of which 3,500 post offices, 6,500 agencies, of which 1,500 are currently active). A commercial entity with management autonomy, ENPO is primarily a provider of basic financial services. Other services are mail (regular and express), parcels and Government services. Postal financial services, with three main business lines (savings, payments and giro services) and 15 million savings accounts, generate around 50% to 60% of ENPO s total revenue, and occupy an estimated 15% of ENPO s staff. Although available accounting and financial information are limited, it seems that postal financial services are operated at a profit. For ENPO which is currently in a transition phase from an administration-type of organization, moving towards a corporate-type of organization, the strategic option will play as an accelerator of change (in case the Government decides for a drastic move towards bancarization) or as a consolidator of incremental reform (in case the Government opts for a progressive approach, potentially using alternative approach to grab the business opportunities of growth, but likely avoiding social tensions within the organization). In any case, moving forward the postal financial services agenda will call for (i) a review of the legal, regulatory and institutional set-up, (ii) building capacity in the network and assessing the return on investments, (iii) rapidly identifying the postal financial services as a business unit within the organization and assess its contribution to profit, as well as (iv) getting a better understanding of the cost structure so as to enable ENPO to be in a strong position during negotiations of service level agreement 40 17-11-21 00:18:57.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872784 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19613 Volltext, Open Access

1759728225

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:21.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728225 OCoLC 1255600452 WBOKR 19612 EBP 064561526 KEP 064561526 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19612 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO A Framework for a New Competition Policy and Law Pakistan World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s competition law s competition policy s enforcement s institutional framework s regulations English en_US This report was developed for the Pakistan government and other stakeholders to present policy and institutional underpinnings for the new competition law framework. An effective competition law-policy aims to provide equal opportunities for all capable entities to participate in the economy, thereby creating opportunities for entrepreneurship and giving rise to innovation. The report concludes with policy, institutional framework, organizational design, guidelines for regulations and a three year action plan to accomplish these objectives 40 17-11-21 00:18:57.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872792 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19612 Volltext, Open Access

1759728233

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728233 OCoLC 1255600646 WBOKR 19229 EBP 064561518 KEP 064561518 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19229 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kingdom of Morocco Health Policy Note Towards a More Equitable and Sustainable Health Care System - Policy Challenges and Opportunities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Morocco s ABILITY TO PAY s ABORTION s ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE s ACCESS TO PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s ADOLESCENT FERTILITY s ADULT MORTALITY s ADULT POPULATION s AGED s AGING s ANTENATAL CARE s BABIES s BASIC HEALTH CARE s BEDS s BIG CITIES s BIRTH RATE s BOTH SEXES s BULLETIN s BURDEN OF DISEASE s CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES s CERTIFICATION s CHILD CARE s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILDBIRTH s CHILDREN PER WOMAN s CITIES s CITIZENS s CLINICS s COMMUNICABLE DISEASES s CYCLE OF POVERTY s DEATH RATE s DEATHS s DEBT s DECISION MAKING s DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DIABETES s DISABILITY s DISASTERS s DISPARITIES IN HEALTH s DISPENSARIES s DOCTORS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC POLICY s ELDERLY s EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRANSITION s EQUITY IN ACCESS s ESSENTIAL DRUGS s ESSENTIAL HEALTH CARE s ESSENTIAL HEALTH SERVICES s EXPANSION OF POPULATION s EXPENDITURES s FAMILIES s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATE s GENERAL PRACTITIONERS s GENERIC DRUGS s GLUCOSE s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH BEHAVIOR s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE COVERAGE s HEALTH CARE DELIVERY s HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURES s HEALTH CARE FACILITIES s HEALTH CARE FINANCING s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH CARE SYSTEM s HEALTH CARE WORKERS s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH FINANCING s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH INFORMATION s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH ORGANIZATION s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH POLICIES s HEALTH POLICY s HEALTH PROFESSIONALS s HEALTH PROGRAMS s HEALTH PROJECTS s HEALTH PROMOTION s HEALTH PROVIDERS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SECTOR REFORM s HEALTH SERVICE s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SPECIALIST s HEALTH STATUS s HEALTH SYSTEM s HEALTH WORKERS s HEALTH WORKFORCE s HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE s HIV s HIV/AIDS s HOSPITAL s HOSPITAL AUTONOMY s HOSPITAL BEDS s HOSPITALS s HOSPITALS PUBLIC s HR s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT s HUSBANDS s ILL-HEALTH s ILLNESS s IMMUNIZATION s IMMUNODEFICIENCY s INCIDENCE ANALYSIS s INCOME s INEQUITIES s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INFANTS s INJURIES s INPATIENT CARE s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONALIZATION s INSURANCE SCHEMES s INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF CHILDHOOD ILLNESSES s INTEGRATION s INTERVENTION s LEVELS OF MORBIDITY s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIFESTYLES s LIMITED RESOURCES s LIVE BIRTHS s LOW BIRTH WEIGHT s MATERNAL DEATHS s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATES s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIO s MEASLES s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s MORTALITY DIFFERENTIALS s MOTHER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NEONATAL MORTALITY s NURSES s NUTRITION s OBESITY s OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN s OUTPATIENT CARE s PATIENT s PATIENTS s PERI-NATAL CARE s PERINATAL CARE s PHARMACISTS s PHARMACY s PHYSICIAN s PHYSICIANS s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY MAKERS s POOR HEALTH s POPULATION GROUPS s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION GROWTH RATE s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRIMARY CARE s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PROGRESS s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH CARE s PUBLIC HEALTH EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC HOSPITALS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s QUALITY OF CARE s QUALITY OF LIFE s QUALITY SERVICES s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH POLICIES s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE USE s RESPIRATORY DISEASES s RISK FACTORS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL GIRLS s RURAL POPULATIONS s SANITATION s SERVICE PROVISION s SMOKING s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s SOCIOECONOMIC DIFFERENCES s SURGERY s SUSTAINABLE ACCESS s SUSTAINABLE HEALTH CARE s TEACHING HOSPITALS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRADE UNIONS s TUBERCULOSIS s UNDER FIVE MORTALITY s UNDER-FIVE MORTALITY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNSAFE ABORTION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POPULATION s URBANIZATION s USE OF HEALTH SERVICES s USE OF RESOURCES s USER FEES s VICIOUS CYCLE s WORKERS s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION pha English en_US This note identifies three main issues and proposes a set of short- and longer-term policy measures for each. The publicly financed and run health care system does not meet healthcare needs of the majority of the Moroccans. Only half of the population uses health services when experiencing an illness, indicating that people who live outside big cities either cannot or will not pay for poorer quality services in rural health facilities. While in the short term limited use of healthcare services because of inability or unwillingness to pay may not significantly affect levels of morbidity and mortality resulting from non-communicable diseases, the impact is likely to grow exponentially in the next two decades. Despite recent attempts by the government to expand population coverage, improve system governance, and increase the quality of care, Morocco's health care system remains predominantly state owned and managed, yet highly fragmented. On one hand, the system is not truly pluralistic because of negligible participation of providers and consumers in system governance. On the other hand, the execution of all main healthcare functions are segmented across several government agencies, or applicable to different population segments. In addition, low and poorly allocated public outlays for health care result in inefficiencies in the allocation and use of public resources, as well as in high private out-of-pocket expenditures. If a publicly funded health insurance scheme is intended to provide universal coverage for an essential package of services, a significant restructuring of the existing institutional architecture and of the legislative and regulatory framework will be needed to make it a reality 40 17-11-21 00:18:57.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872806 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19229 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:21.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728241 OCoLC 1255600320 WBOKR 19246 EBP 06456150X KEP 06456150X 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19246 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kingdom of Lesotho Local Governance, Decentralization, and Demand-Driven Service Delivery, Volume 2. Annexes World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Africa Lesotho s ACCOUNTABILITIES s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE DECENTRALIZATION s ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS s AFTERCARE s ALLEGIANCE s ANXIETY s AUDITORS s BUDGET ALLOCATION s CAPACITY AT DISTRICT LEVEL s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT s CENTRAL AUTHORITIES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGETING s CITIZENS s CITY COUNCIL s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SOCIETY s CLINICS s COALITIONS s COLLABORATION s COMMUNISM s COMMUNITY LEVEL s COMMUNITY OWNERSHIP s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMMUNITY SUPPORT s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s CONSENSUS s CONSTITUENCY s CONSTITUTION s CONSULTATION s CONSULTATIONS s COUNCILS s COURT ACTION s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS s DECISION MAKING s DELEGATION OF POWERS s DEMOCRACY s DISTRICT s DISTRICT ADMINISTRATOR s DISTRICT AUTHORITIES s DISTRICT COUNCIL s DISTRICT COUNCILS s DISTRICT HEALTH s DISTRICT LEVEL s DISTRICT STAFF s DISTRICTS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s EXECUTION s FAMILIES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL TRANSFERS s FOCUS GROUP s FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS s FOOD SECURITY s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE REFORM s GOVERNMENT LEADERSHIP s GOVERNMENT LEVELS s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT SERVICES s HEALTH MANAGEMENT s HEALTH SERVICES s HOLISTIC APPROACH s HOSPITALS s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMAN RIGHTS s INITIATIVE s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS s INTERVENTION s INTERVIEWS s ISOLATION s JUDICIAL SERVICE s JUSTICE s LACK OF CLARITY s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LAWS s LEGAL CHANGES s LEGAL SUPPORT s LEGAL SYSTEMS s LEGISLATION s LINE MINISTRIES s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL AUTHORITY s LOCAL COUNCILS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MARKETING s MAYOR s MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT s MINISTER s MINISTERS s MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MUNICIPALITY s NATIONAL PLANNING s NATIONALS s NATIONS s NURSES s PARTICIPATORY DEVELOPMENT s PATIENTS s POLICE s POLITICAL APPOINTEE s POLITICAL DECENTRALIZATION s POLITICIANS s POPULAR PARTICIPATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s PREPARATION s PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT REFORM s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC OFFICERS s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC SERVICE s RULING PARTY s SELF-INTEREST s SEPARATION OF POWERS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOCIAL ORGANIZATION s SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS s SOCIAL WELFARE s STAKEHOLDER s STAKEHOLDERS s STATE REVENUE s SUBNATIONAL s TAX s TAXATION s THEFT s TOWN s TOWNS s USER GROUPS s VILLAGE s VILLAGES s WALKING s WASTE s WORKERS English en_US After more than 35 years, the elected local government system in Lesotho was reestablished in 2005 through the election of the Local Authorities, i.e. the Community and District Councils (CCs and DCs). Across the political spectrum, the political will to move forward was at its peak. An exemplary campaign to educate the entire population as to the purposes and functioning of the new Local Authorities, and the electoral process preceded the election. The purposes of the new system are the improvement in services and access to government, broad participation of the local population in their own development combined with enhanced accountability to them, and promotion of equitable development in all parts of the country. The establishment of the Local Authorities and their election was received by even the remotest populations with great enthusiasm, and the elected Councilors have taken up their job with energy and commitment. The objectives of this report derive from the general priorities of the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) of Lesotho which emphasizes pro-poor growth, community empowerment, improved governance and public sector performance. The specific priorities of the PRS have been set as employment creation, food security, and infrastructure development, deepening of democracy, governance, safety and security, access to health services, increasing human resource capacity, managing and conserving the environment, and improving public service delivery. Cross cutting priorities include combating HIV and AIDS, and addressing gender inequalities as well as issues related to children and youth. From among all the possible sectors, agriculture and natural resources were selected because: (i) the local authorities have a mandate for the promotion of economic development and the management of natural resources; (ii) improvements in these areas are necessary for economic development, poverty reduction, and for improving the tax base and revenue generation capacity; and (iii) improvements require collaboration between local authorities, communities, sector institutions, and the private sector, a collaboration in which the Local Authorities sit at the center of the network of co-producers 40 17-11-21 00:18:57.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872814 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19246 Volltext, Open Access

175972825X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:21.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972825X OCoLC 1255600749 WBOKR 19247 EBP 064561496 KEP 064561496 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19247 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kingdom of Lesotho Local Governance, Decentralization, and Demand-Driven Service Delivery, Volume 1. Main Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Africa Lesotho s ACCOUNTABILITIES s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ADJUDICATION s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSETS s AUDITOR s BANK ACCOUNT s BANKS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BRIBERY s BROKERS s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL GRANT s CAPITAL GRANT SYSTEM s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CITIZEN s CITIZENS s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SOCIETY s COMMUNITY DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMMUNITY-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT s CONSENSUS s CONSTITUENCIES s CONSTITUTION s CORRUPT s CORRUPTION s COUNCILS s CREDIBILITY s CRIMES s CRIMINAL s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS s DECISION MAKERS s DECISION MAKING s DECONCENTRATION s DEMOCRACY s DEPOSIT s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVOLUTION s DISBURSEMENTS s DISCRIMINATION s DISTRICTS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMPLOYMENT s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s FINANCE MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT CAPACITY s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STRUCTURES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL RESOURCES s GLOBALIZATION s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT GRANT s GOVERNMENT GRANTS s GOVERNMENT LEVEL s GOVERNMENT MINISTRIES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REFORM s GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVES s GOVERNMENT SERVICES s GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES s GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION s GRANT FUNDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH SERVICES s HOLDING s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s IMPROVING GOVERNANCE s INCOME s INEQUALITY s INFORMATION DISSEMINATION s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INITIATIVE s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL SYSTEM s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s JUDICIARY s JUSTICE s LACK OF AUTONOMY s LACK OF CLARITY s LAND POLICY s LAND USE s LAWS s LEADERSHIP s LEGAL CHANGES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL OFFICERS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LEGISLATION s LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT s LEVIES s LEVY s LIMITED PARTNERSHIPS s LOCAL ACCOUNTABILITY s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL AUTHORITY s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL COUNCILS s LOCAL GOVERNANCE s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT ELECTIONS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INSTITUTIONS s LOCAL TAXES s MANDATES s MARKET TRANSACTIONS s MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MUNICIPAL s NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s NATIONS s NATURAL RESOURCES s PENSION s POLICE s POLITICIANS s POST OFFICE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIME MINISTER s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC GOVERNANCE s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR PERFORMANCE s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PURCHASING POWER s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCES s REPRESENTATIVES s RETURNS s REVENUE SOURCES s REVOLUTION s SERVICE DELIVERY s SETTLEMENT s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOCIALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TAX s TAX BASE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s THEFT s TRANSPORT s TRUST FUND s TURNOVER s USER CHARGES s VALUATION s VOTING s WATER SUPPLY s YOUTH English en_US After more than 35 years, the elected local government system in Lesotho was reestablished in 2005 through the election of the Local Authorities, i.e. the Community and District Councils (CCs and DCs). Across the political spectrum, the political will to move forward was at its peak. An exemplary campaign to educate the entire population as to the purposes and functioning of the new Local Authorities, and the electoral process preceded the election. The purposes of the new system are the improvement in services and access to government, broad participation of the local population in their own development combined with enhanced accountability to them, and promotion of equitable development in all parts of the country. The establishment of the Local Authorities and their election was received by even the remotest populations with great enthusiasm, and the elected Councilors have taken up their job with energy and commitment. The objectives of this report derive from the general priorities of the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) of Lesotho which emphasizes pro-poor growth, community empowerment, improved governance and public sector performance. The specific priorities of the PRS have been set as employment creation, food security, and infrastructure development, deepening of democracy, governance, safety and security, access to health services, increasing human resource capacity, managing and conserving the environment, and improving public service delivery. Cross cutting priorities include combating HIV and AIDS, and addressing gender inequalities as well as issues related to children and youth. From among all the possible sectors, agriculture and natural resources were selected because: (i) the local authorities have a mandate for the promotion of economic development and the management of natural resources; (ii) improvements in these areas are necessary for economic development, poverty reduction, and for improving the tax base and revenue generation capacity; and (iii) improvements require collaboration between local authorities, communities, sector institutions, and the private sector, a collaboration in which the Local Authorities sit at the center of the network of co-producers 40 17-11-21 00:18:57.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872822 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19247 Volltext, Open Access

1759728268

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:22.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728268 OCoLC 1255600659 WBOKR 19235 EBP 064561488 KEP 064561488 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19235 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Connecting Afghanistan A Policy Note on Rural Access in Afghanistan World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Afghanistan South Asia s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESSIBILITY s BRIDGE s BRIDGES s CAPACITY BUILDING s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPUTER SKILLS s CONFLICT s CONTRACTORS s COSTS s CREDIT s CULVERTS s DATA ENTRY s DECISION MAKING s DROUGHT s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENGINEERS s FOOD-FOR-WORK s FUNDING s GROUPS s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY DESIGN s HIGHWAYS s INCOME s INCOME TRANSFERS s INFORMATION s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFRASTRUCTURE s INITIATIVES s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENTS s IRAP s IRRIGATION s KNOWLEDGE s LACK OF ROADS s PARTNERS s PATH s PLANNING s PLANS s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POPULATION DENSITY s PROGRAMMING s PROGRAMS s PROJECTS s PUBLIC WORKS s RECONSTRUCTION s RESEARCH s ROAD s ROAD CLASSIFICATION s ROAD CONSTRUCTION s ROAD IMPROVEMENT s ROAD IMPROVEMENTS s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD NETWORKS s ROAD PROVISION s ROAD SYSTEMS s ROAD USERS s RURAL s RURAL ACCESS s RURAL ACCESS INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL ACCESS PROJECT s RURAL ACCESSIBILITY s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RURAL PEOPLE s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL REHABILITATION s RURAL ROAD s RURAL ROAD IMPROVEMENTS s RURAL ROAD INVESTMENTS s RURAL ROAD MAINTENANCE s RURAL ROAD NETWORK s RURAL ROAD REHABILITATION s RURAL ROADS s RURAL ROADS CONSTRUCTION s RURAL TRANSPORT s SAFETY s SAFETY NET OPERATIONS s SERVICES s SKILLS s SURVEYS s TARGETING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICIANS s TECHNOLOGIES s TECHNOLOGY s TERTIARY ROAD NETWORK s TERTIARY ROADS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC VOLUMES s TRAINING s TRAINING ACTIVITIES s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING WORKSHOPS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRAVEL s TRAVELERS s TYPES OF ROADS s WAR English en_US The objectives of this rural access policy note are to: (i) provide a first-level analysis of rural access issues in Afghanistan, (ii) identify key issues, achievements, and challenges in the provision of rural access, (iii) make recommendations for the Government's rural access policy, and (iv) stimulate the policy dialogue on provision of rural access between the Government of Afghanistan and stakeholders including civil society, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), development partners, and private enterprise. Nearly 80 percent of Afghanistan's people live in rural areas. Incidence of rural poverty is high as the country recovers from the long-term effects of the nearly thirty years of conflict and a recently ended six-year drought. The insurgency in some parts of the country continues to hamper development efforts. As lack of rural access is one of the sources of rural poverty, and holds back the replacement of the poppy economy with licit rural livelihoods, the World Bank has supported the provision of rural roads to improve rural accessibility. Many of these recommendations are cross-cutting; to plan and implement them would involve several ministries. Investments and recurrent expenditures in rural access are substantial and should be leveraged in the most effective manner. It is therefore recommended that the Ministry of Finance take the lead in bringing this policy note to the attention of Government, donors, and other actors 40 17-11-21 00:18:57.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872830 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19235 Volltext, Open Access

1759728276

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:22.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728276 OCoLC 1255600661 WBOKR 19617 EBP 06456147X KEP 06456147X 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19617 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Decentralization and Local Governance in MENA A Survey of Policies, Institutions, and Practices World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Middle East Middle East and North Africa North Africa s CONSTITUENTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DELEGATION s DEVOLUTION s ELECTED OFFICIALS s GLOBALIZATION s INTERGOVERNMENTAL SYSTEMS s LOCAL GOVERNANCE s LOCALIZATION s PUBLIC SERVICES English en_US Entering the 21st century, the 1999-2000 World Development Report (WDR), identifies two main forces that are shaping the world in which development policy is being defined and implemented: (i) globalization, the increasing worldwide integration of private sector interaction and commercial relationships; and (ii) localization, a process of devolving fiscal and administrative roles and responsibilities from central to sub-national tiers of government. It goes on to note that these global-private and local-public pressures are not only reinforcing, but also challenging traditional paradigms and forms of intergovernmental systems. Political decentralization, often associated with pluralistic politics and representative government, aims to give citizens more say in public policy and decision-making. Its advocates assume that decisions made with greater participation will be better informed and more relevant to diverse interests in society than those made only by national political authorities. The concept implies that the selection of representatives from local electoral jurisdictions allows citizens to know better their political representatives and allows elected officials to know better the needs and desires of their constituents. Administrative decentralization aims to redistribute authority, responsibility and financial resources for providing public services among different levels of government. It typically takes three forms: de-concentration, delegation and devolution. Fiscal decentralization vests greater autonomy and authority with local governments in matters of fiscal importance, empowering local governments to generate their own revenues, through taxes and user charges, as well as determining their expenditure priorities based on a clear assignment of functions and responsibilities. Over the last two decades, it has been estimated that more than 100 countries, most of them in the developing world, have experimented with various forms of decentralization 40 17-11-21 00:18:57.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872849 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19617 Volltext, Open Access

1759728284

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:22.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728284 OCoLC 1255600593 WBOKR 19616 EBP 064561461 KEP 064561461 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19616 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Municipal Management and Local Governance A Service Delivery Perspective World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS CONTROL s ACCESS ROADS s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCIDENTS s ACCOUNTABILITY s AIR s BACKUP s BOTTLENECKS s BUILDING CODES s BUS s BUS COMPANY s BUS ROUTES s BUS SERVICE s BUS STATIONS s BUS STOPS s BUSES s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUSINESS SERVICES s BUSINESSES s CAPABILITIES s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CARS s CENTRAL CITY AREAS s CITIES s CLEANLINESS s CLINICS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITIES s CONNECTIVITY s COUNTRYSIDE s CROSSWALKS s CURB CUTS s CUSTOMER RELATIONS s CUSTOMER SATISFACTION s CUSTOMER SERVICE s DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s DEBT s DECENTRALIZATION s DELIVERY SYSTEMS s DOMAIN s DRIVER TRAINING s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY SERVICES s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EMERGENCY SERVICES s END USERS s END-USER s END-USERS s ENFORCEMENT OF REGULATIONS s ENTRY POINT s EQUALIZATION s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE ASSIGNMENTS s EXTERNALITIES s FARE STRUCTURE s FARES s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FLEETS s FUEL s GARBAGE COLLECTION s GENDER s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s HEAVY TRUCKS s HOMES s HOUSEHOLD BUDGETS s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSES s HOUSING s HYGIENE s INFORMATION DISSEMINATION s INSPECTIONS s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS s INTERVENTIONS s JOURNEYS s LANES s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LAWS s LIBRARIES s LOCAL COUNCILS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL TRANSIT s LOCALITIES s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANDATES s MANUFACTURING s MARKET RESEARCH s MATERIAL s MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT s MUNICIPALITIES s NEIGHBORHOOD s NEIGHBORHOODS s NEIGHBOURHOODS s NETWORK CONNECTION s NETWORKS s NEW MARKETS s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s NOISE s ONE-STOP SHOPS s OVERCROWDING s PASSENGERS s PATRONAGE s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PEAK HOURS s PEDESTRIAN s POLICE s POOR NEIGHBORHOODS s POPULATION GROWTH s POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PRIVATE SECTORS s PRIVATE TRANSPORT s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFITABLE ROUTES s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC BUILDINGS s PUBLIC GARDENS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC PARKS s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT COVERAGE s PUBLIC TRANSPORT MODES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION AGENCIES s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUALITY OF SERVICES s RAILWAY s RAILWAY SERVICE s RAILWAYS s RAW DATA s RELIABILITY s RELIABILITY OF SERVICE s RELIABILITY OF SERVICES s RENTING s RESIDENTIAL AREAS s RESULT s RESULTS s REVENUE COLLECTION s RIDER s ROAD s ROAD CONGESTION s ROAD CONNECTIONS s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD PROJECTS s ROAD WIDENING s ROADS s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY s SANITATION s SCHOOL BUS s SECURITY SERVICE s SELF HELP s SELF-HELP s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SEWAGE s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SHELTERS s SIGNAGE s SITES s SMALL TOWNS s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SCIENCE s SOLID WASTE COLLECTION s SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL s SPREADSHEET s SQUATTER s SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS s STANDARD FORMAT s STORAGE FACILITIES s STREET DESIGN s STREET LIGHTS s STREET PARKING s STREETS s SUBSIDIARITY PRINCIPLE s SUBURBAN AREAS s SUBURBS s SUPERMARKET s SUPERVISION s SUPERVISORY CAPACITIES s TAXI SERVICE s TAXI SERVICES s TAXIS s TECHNICAL STAFF s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TOWNS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CIRCLES s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAFFIC LIGHTS s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRAFFIC POLLUTION s TRAFFIC PROBLEMS s TRAINING COURSES s TRANSIT SYSTEMS s TRANSMISSION s TRANSPORT AGENCIES s TRANSPORT OPERATORS s TRANSPORT TERMINALS s TRANSPORTATION NETWORK s TRAVEL TIME s TRAVEL TIMES s TRUCKS s TRUE s UNDERGROUND s URBAN AREAS s URBAN EXPANSION s URBAN SERVICES s USER FEEDBACK s USER GROUP s USER GROUPS s USER INTERFACE s UTILITIES s VEHICLE s VEHICLES s VILLAGES s WALKING s WALKING DISTANCE s WATER POLLUTION s WATER SUPPLY English en_US The Norwegian Social Science Research Institute (FAFO) in conjunction with field based teams in five Middle East and North Africa (MNA) region countries worked under the guidance of the World Bank to organize, design and implement a Service Delivery Survey (SDS) spanning the period 2005-61. The SDS diagnostic examines the linkages between government policies and service delivery performance. The aim of the exercise was to provide an end-user perspective on potential ways of improving service quality, cost and outreach outcomes. It builds upon the institutional and policy review carried out in the MNA-8 countries by the World Bank in 2004 and uses the body of knowledge generated as a basis for refining the service delivery analysis in several ways. First, by surveying end-users it assesses their perception of the quality and coverage of services, improvements that they have noted, and the deficiencies that still exist. Second, it gauges their understanding of the service delivery mechanism, i.e. whether the users feel private sector providers, local governments, central government agencies or other providers are the preferred provider; if so, why; and whether there are general principles that can be derived from the user feedback. Third, it also considers the costs of provision under alternative arrangements, efficiency gains and inherent subsidies or losses that could be potentially averted under alternative institutional arrangements. Two methodologies were employed; focus group discussions complemented by Transect surveys, which, together, provide a window to the overall nature of service delivery in the selected Middle East countries. Certain central themes and concerns cutting across different services and countries emerge from these discussions. These are highlighted below. However, it should be noted that the purpose of implementing the SDS was not to generate definitive policy recommendations for each country. Samples sizes of cities (two per country) and within city (100 transect questionnaires and approximately 45 focus group discussion participants) hardly constitute a representative sample. Rather, the purpose of the SDS was to expose central government officials and city-level representatives and staff to cost-effective tools and techniques in consulting their constituents on key service delivery issues 40 17-11-21 00:18:57.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872857 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19616 Volltext, Open Access

1759728292

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:22.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728292 OCoLC 1255600651 WBOKR 19237 EBP 064561453 KEP 064561453 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19237 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Participation in Sustainable Forest Management Linking Forests and People in Kenya World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Africa Kenya s ADJACENT FOREST s AGRICULTURAL SECTORS s ANNUAL PRECIPITATION s ARID LANDS s BENEFIT SHARING s BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY s BIOMASS s BOILERS s CATTLE s CATTLE GRAZING s CHANGES IN LAND USE s CHARCOAL PRODUCTION s CLIMATE s CLOSED FOREST s CLOSED FOREST COVER s CO s COASTAL FOREST s COMMERCIAL FORESTRY s COMMERCIAL VALUE s COMMERCIALIZATION s COMMUNITY FOREST s COMMUNITY FOREST MANAGEMENT s COMMUNITY FORESTRY s COMMUNITY LIVELIHOODS s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s CONCESSION AGREEMENTS s CONCESSION MANAGEMENT s CONSERVATION FUND s CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS s CROP FAILURE s CULTIVATION s DEMAND FOR WOOD s DROUGHT s DRY LANDS s ECONOMIC INCENTIVES s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES s ENVIRONMENTAL VALUE s ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES s EXOTIC SPECIES s FARM FORESTRY s FOREST s FOREST ACT s FOREST AREA s FOREST AREAS s FOREST ASSOCIATIONS s FOREST CLEARING s FOREST CONCESSION s FOREST CONSERVATION s FOREST COVER s FOREST DEPARTMENT s FOREST DESTRUCTION s FOREST ENTERPRISE s FOREST ENTERPRISES s FOREST ESTATE s FOREST GOVERNANCE s FOREST INDUSTRIES s FOREST INDUSTRY s FOREST INDUSTRY SECTOR s FOREST INVESTMENT s FOREST LANDS s FOREST LOGGING s FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN s FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANNING s FOREST OFFICIALS s FOREST PLANTATION s FOREST PLANTATIONS s FOREST POLICY s FOREST POLICY DEVELOPMENT s FOREST PROCESSING INDUSTRY s FOREST PRODUCERS s FOREST PRODUCTION s FOREST REGULATION s FOREST REGULATIONS s FOREST RESERVE s FOREST RESERVES s FOREST RESOURCE s FOREST RESOURCE ASSESSMENT s FOREST RESOURCES s FOREST SECTOR s FOREST SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FOREST SERVICE s FOREST STRATEGY s FOREST TYPE s FOREST USER s FOREST USERS s FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT s FORESTRY INDUSTRY s FORESTRY PRODUCTION s FORESTRY RESOURCES s FORESTRY SECTOR s FORESTS s GAME RESERVES s GLOBAL FOREST s GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES s GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES ASSESSMENT s GRASSLAND s GRASSLANDS s ILLEGAL LOGGING s INDIGENOUS FOREST s INDIGENOUS FORESTS s INVASIVE SPECIES s ISSUES s LAND ALLOCATION s LAND AREA s LAND OWNERS s LAND USE s LAND USE CONVERSION s LAND VALUE s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK GRAZING s LOGGING s LOGGING OPERATIONS s LOGS s MANGROVES s NATIONAL FOREST s NATIONAL PARKS s NATURAL FORESTS s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCE BASE s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s NATURAL RESOURCES s NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s NATURE RESERVES s PAPER PRODUCTS s PINE s PLANTATION FOREST s PLANTATION FORESTRY s PLANTATION FORESTS s PLANTING s POPULATION GROWTH s PRECIPITATION s PRIMARY FOREST s PRIVATE FOREST s PUBLIC FOREST SECTOR s RANCHES s REFORESTATION s SAWMILLING s SECONDARY FOREST s STATE FOREST s STATE FOREST LAND s STATE FOREST SECTOR s STATE FORESTS s STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT s SUBSISTENCE USE s SUGAR CANE s SUPPLIERS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE FOREST s SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE USE s TIMBER s TIMBER FOREST s TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS s TIMBER HARVESTING s TIMBER INDUSTRY s TIMBER PRODUCTION s TIMBER SUPPLY s TIMBER UTILIZATION s TIMBER VALUE s TOURISM s TREE s TREE FARMING s TREE PLANTING s TREES s VILLAGE FOREST s VILLAGES s VULNERABLE FOREST s WATERSHED s WILDLIFE s WILDLIFE RESOURCES s WOOD s WOOD ENERGY s WOOD FOREST PRODUCTS s WOOD FUEL s WOOD PRODUCERS s WOOD PRODUCTION s WOOD PRODUCTS s WOOD RESOURCES s WOOD SUPPLY s WOOD-BASED INDUSTRIES s WOOD-BASED PANELS s WOODED AREA s WOODED AREAS s WOODLAND s WOODLAND RESOURCES s WOODLANDS English en_US This forest policy note was prepared to provide input to the ongoing forest sector reform in Kenya on participation in sustainable forest management. It offers recommendations on possible priority forest policy actions within the forthcoming Natural Resource Management (NRM) Project. The latter focuses enhancing the capacity of Kenyans to manage the natural resource base and resources available to poor and vulnerable communities. By outlining priority actions, such as improving the forest information base and establishing accountability mechanisms, while at the same time seizing the opportunities for engagement of local communities and private investors, the policy note outlines a set of actions critical for increased participation in sustainable forest management. In this respect the policy note supports the World Bank's Country Assistance Strategy (CAS) and the more recent CAS progress report. The latter emphasizes the Bank's strategy on growth and poverty reduction, but gives enhanced attention to equity and governance. The forest policy note complements previous the World Bank-supported analytical work in the forest sector since 2004, including a strategic environmental assessment of the 2005 Forests Act. Taking into account the importance of forests and woodlands in rural areas and the opportunities offered in the 2005 Forest Act for increased stakeholder participation the policy note as well as the forthcoming NRM Project are closely aligned the Bank Group's strategic emphasis on growth and poverty reduction with enhanced attention to equity and governance 40 17-11-21 00:18:57.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872865 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19237 Volltext, Open Access

1759728306

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:22.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728306 OCoLC 1255600751 WBOKR 19540 EBP 064561445 KEP 064561445 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19540 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tanzania Towards a Trade and Competitiveness Strategy to Propel Growth World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Africa Tanzania s ABSOLUTE VALUE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURE s APPAREL s BENCHMARK s BILATERAL TRADE s BORDER TRADE s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPACITY BUILDING s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY EXPORT s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES s COMPETITIVE PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY s CONSUMERS s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING MARKETS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s EMERGING MARKETS s EPZ s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORT PROCESSING s EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES s EXPORT SECTORS s EXPORT TAXES s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL TRADE s FINAL GOODS s FISH s FOOD EXPORTS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s GDP s GEOGRAPHIC MARKETS s GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS s GLOBAL ECONOMIC PROSPECTS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL EXPORT s GLOBAL EXPORTS s GLOBAL INTEGRATION s GLOBAL MARKET s GLOBAL MARKETPLACE s GLOBAL OUTPUT s GLOBAL TRADE s GLOBALIZATION s GRAVITY MODEL s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HARMONIZATION s IMPORT COMPETITION s INCOME s INCOMES s INDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES s INDUSTRIAL POLICIES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTERMEDIATE GOODS s INTERMEDIATE INPUTS s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s LABOR COSTS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET POLICIES s LOW TARIFFS s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET PENETRATION s MARKET SHARE s MARKETING s MARKETPLACE s MERCHANDISE s MERCHANDISE EXPORTS s MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES s NEW MARKETS s OIL s OPENNESS s OUTSOURCING s POLICY MAKERS s PORTFOLIO s POWER PARITY s PREFERENTIAL ACCESS s PRIVATE ENTITIES s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s QUALITY STANDARDS s RAPID GROWTH s RATE OF GROWTH s REGIONAL TRADE s RESTRICTIVE RULES OF ORIGIN s RETAIL s SPECIALIZATION s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAINS s TAX s TAX INCENTIVES s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRADE COMPETITIVENESS s TRADE CREATING s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE FAIRS s TRADE INFORMATION s TRADE INTEGRATION s TRADE LOGISTICS s TRADE NEGOTIATIONS s TRADE PERFORMANCE s TRADE POLICY s TRANSACTIONS COSTS s WAGE GAP s WAGE RATES s WAGES s WORLD ECONOMY s WORLD TRADE s WTO s ZERO TARIFF English en_US This policy note concerns to delineate the key components of a trade and competitiveness strategy for Tanzania. The objective is to provide a strategic framework and direction that would allow the country to exploit opportunities from the evolving trends in the global economy. The note is intended as an input to the Government of Tanzania's ongoing initiatives to enhance implementation of the national trade policy. Tanzania has an elaborate national trade policy (2003). Furthermore, the Government has recently taken an important step (in June 2007) by approving the Diagnostic Trade Integration Study (DTIS) to indicate willingness to implement its recommendations for addressing the constraints limiting Tanzania's integration in the global economy. Progress is been made to prepare implementation program. However, a clear strategy tightly linked to the new realities of international trade for guiding implementation is not yet in place. The motivation underlying this note is to provide a top down view of the strategic direction for guiding implementation of the policy and the various trade initiatives. The note is structure into four sections. Following this introduction, section two sets out the background and context within which the elements of the strategy are drawn. Section three delineates the key elements of the strategy and proposes strategic priorities for their implementation. Finally, section four identifies possible areas of further support by the World Bank through its technical assistance and analytical work in collaboration with other development partners 40 17-11-21 00:18:57.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872873 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19540 Volltext, Open Access

1759728314

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728314 OCoLC 1255600620 WBOKR 19636 EBP 064561437 KEP 064561437 2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19636 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Colombia 2006-2010 A Window of Opportunity World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2007 1 Online-Ressource Colombia Latin America & Caribbean s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTABILITY s ADULT POPULATION s AIR POLLUTION s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s ARMED CONFLICT s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s BENEFICIARIES s BIODIVERSITY s BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL MARKETS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEFICIT s CHILD MORBIDITY s CHILD MORTALITY s CHRONIC POVERTY s CITIZENS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPLEX TASK s CULTURAL VALUES s DEBT s DEMOCRACY s DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DISEASES s DISSEMINATION s DRINKING WATER s DROPOUT s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARTHQUAKE s ECONOMIC CIRCUMSTANCES s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIC PROGRESS s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ECOSYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL SERVICES s EFFECTIVENESS OF GOVERNMENT s ELDERLY s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ENTITLEMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES s ETHNIC GROUPS s EX-COMBATANTS s FIGHT AGAINST POVERTY s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FISCAL ACCOUNTS s FISCAL OUTCOMES s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL RIGIDITIES s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS s FUTURE GENERATIONS s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT s GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES s GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS s GREENHOUSE GASES s GROWTH RATE s HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH POLICY s HEALTH PROBLEMS s HEALTH RISKS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SYSTEM s HOSPITAL s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s ILLITERACY s ILLNESS s IMMUNIZATIONS s IMPACT ON CHILDREN s IMPACT ON HEALTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INDIGENOUS GROUPS s INDIGENOUS PEOPLES s INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS s INDOOR AIR POLLUTION s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL STABILITY s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNATIONAL TREATIES s INTERNATIONALIZATION s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LAND USE s LEGAL STATUS s LIVE BIRTHS s LIVING CONDITIONS s MALARIA s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MODERNIZATION s MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL AGENDAS s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL LEVELS s NATIONAL PLAN s NATIONAL PLANNING s NATIONAL POLICY s NATIONAL STRATEGY s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL ENVIRONMENT s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s OLD AGE s PEACE s PENSIONS s PERSONAL HEALTH s POLICY DISCUSSIONS s POLICY MAKERS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POPULAR SUPPORT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROGRESS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROTECTION OF CHILDREN s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC GOVERNANCE s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR DEFICIT s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY OF CARE s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF LIFE s REFORM PROCESS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s RISK MANAGEMENT s RULE OF LAW s RURAL AREAS s RURAL POVERTY s SAFETY NET s SANITATION s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECURITY POLICY s SEGMENTS OF SOCIETY s SELECTION SYSTEM s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SOCIAL CONDITIONS s SOCIAL COSTS s SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECTORS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE USE s TAX RATES s TAX REFORM s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TERRORIST s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPORTATION s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNIONS s URBAN AIR POLLUTION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s VICTIMS s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE POPULATIONS s WAGES s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WATER POLLUTION s WORKFORCE s YOUNG CHILDREN s YOUNG PEOPLE pha English en_US This document presents the recently elected Colombian administration with a set of policy notes meant to enrich the debate around critical issues affecting the country's development. These notes build mostly upon existing research and represent the Bank's independent view on topics which are either at the crux of ongoing policy discussions or merit a more prominent place in this dialogue. This window of opportunity provides a very favorable setting for advancing aggressive interventions to further alleviate poverty and inequality. Even as a country with a long history of solid growth and stable democratic institutions, poverty remains a critical issue for Colombia. Years of consistent economic growth throughout the 1980s and early 1990s lifted many out of poverty, but the macroeconomic crisis at the end of the 1990s eradicated more than a decade of progress. The notes have been grouped around four strategic issues: challenges and constraints for the reform process, investing in people, laying the foundations for competitiveness, and reducing vulnerabilities. To this end, a national strategy for comprehensive peace, reconciliation and equitable development needs to be strengthened with the following elements: (i) a continued national level effort to create incentives for the demobilization of illegal armed groups, (ii) attention to the internally displaced population, who are the most visible and numerous victims of the conflict, (iii) mainstreaming inequality reduction interventions into key sectors, and (iv) local and regional community-led economic development and social capital building plans, inclusive of vulnerable and demobilized populations, all of which would contribute to prevent the recurrence of the armed conflict 40 17-11-21 00:18:57.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872881 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19636 Volltext, Open Access

1759728322

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:22.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728322 OCoLC 1255600621 WBOKR 18915 EBP 064561429 KEP 064561429 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18915 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Czech Republic Improving Employment Chances of the Roma World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Czech Republic Europe and Central Asia s ACTIVE LABOR s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAM s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s ADVISERS s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s AVERAGE WAGE s BASIC HUMAN RIGHT s BASIC LITERACY s CAREER COUNSELING s CHILD CARE s CLERKS s COMPULSORY EDUCATION s CURRENT LABOR FORCE s DISABILITY s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DISCRIMINATION s DRIVERS s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARNING s EDUCATION FOR ALL s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION PROGRAMS s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ELEMENTARY EDUCATION s EMPLOYABILITY s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT INCENTIVES s EMPLOYMENT OFFICE s EMPLOYMENT OFFICES s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY s EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES s EMPLOYMENT POLICIES s EMPLOYMENT POLICY s EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS s EMPLOYMENT PROMOTION s EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS s EMPLOYMENT RATE s EMPLOYMENT SERVICE s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES s EQUAL OPPORTUNITY s FAMILY SIZE s FINDING EMPLOYMENT s FOREIGN WORKERS s FORMAL EDUCATION s FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS s FUTURE LABOR s GENDER DIFFERENCES s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s HIGH WAGE s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMAN RIGHTS s ILLITERACY s INCOME SUPPORT s INEQUITIES s INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT s INSURANCE s JOB MARKET s JOB OFFERS s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JOB PLACEMENT s JOB SEARCH s JOB SEARCH ASSISTANCE s JOB SEEKERS s JOB TENURE s JOB-SEEKERS s JOBS s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR FORCES s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS s LABOR MARKET EXPERIENCE s LABOR MARKET NEEDS s LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES s LABOR MARKET POLICIES s LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s LABOR MARKET SUCCESS s LABOR OFFICE s LABOR OFFICES s LABOR SUPPLY s LABOR SUPPLY INCENTIVES s LEGISLATORS s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFELONG LEARNING s LONG-TERM EMPLOYMENT s LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENT s LOW EMPLOYMENT s MARKET ECONOMY s MINIMUM WAGE s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINORITY s MODERNIZATION s MOTIVATION s NUMBER OF CHILDREN s OCCUPATION s OCCUPATIONS s OLD REGIME s OLDER WORKERS s ON-THE-JOB TRAINING s PERFORMANCE MONITORING s PILOT PROJECTS s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POPULATION GROUPS s PREVENTIVE ACTION s PREVIOUS JOB s PREVIOUS JOB EXPERIENCE s PREVIOUS WAGE s PREVIOUS WORK s PREVIOUS WORK EXPERIENCE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY REASON s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIME AGE s PRIOR WORK EXPERIENCE s PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT s PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT SERVICES s PRIVATE PROVISION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE TRAINING s PRIVATE TRAINING PROVIDERS s PRODUCTION WAGE s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICE s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s PURPOSEFUL JOBS s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY SERVICES s REGIONAL LABOR OFFICE s REGULAR JOBS s RESEARCH TEAM s RESPECT s RETIREMENT s ROLE MODELS s ROLE OF WOMEN s SCHOOL CHILDREN s SEARCH COSTS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SKILL LEVEL s SKILLED WORKER s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLS ASSESSMENT s SOCIAL AFFAIRS s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL INCLUSION s SOCIAL NEEDS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SCIENCES s SOCIAL STATUS s SOCIAL SUPPORT s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOCIAL WORKERS s SUBSIDIZED EMPLOYMENT s TEMPORARY JOB s TRAINING COURSE s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING PROVIDER s TRANSPORTATION s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYED PERSONS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNSKILLED LABOR s UNSKILLED WORKERS s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WAGE DISTRIBUTION s WAGE INEQUALITY s WAGE LEVELS s WAGES s WORK MOTIVATION s WORKFORCE s YOUNG AGE s YOUNG PEOPLE English en_US Roma in marginalized localities in the Czech Republic have not benefited from the recent improving employment opportunities in the Czech labor market. Employment among Roma is low and labor market participation limited, often driven by lacking labor market opportunities. The labor market status among the Roma is strongly driven by educational attainment and skills, and the vast majority of Roma in marginalized communities suffer from low attainment and lacking functional literacy and numeracy skills. As a result a majority rely on traditionally generous social welfare benefits to make ends meet. In an effort to reduce this welfare trap the Czech Government has introduced measures to reduce benefits and tighten conditions for long-term unemployed who are inactive. However, with very low demand for low or unskilled labor and widespread indebtedness of Roma which acts as a binding barrier to choosing formal employment, this tightening of beneficiaries' incentives alone will not suffice in enhancing their employment chances. It requires effective interventions by the employment services; yet in its current set-up the Czech labor office appears not well placed to provide effective support to long-term unemployed and disadvantaged job-seekers such as Roma. A new approach to improving job chances for socially excluded youth and adults is necessary, involving a new way of engagement through the labor office and contracted third sector service providers and with integrated activation services addressing multiple barriers to employment such as skills deficits, lack of child care, indebtedness and others. However, given the large skills gap of Roma and the receding demand for elementary skills in the labor market, the key long-term strategy to prevent Roma joblessness has to focus on improving educational outcomes for Roma 40 17-11-21 00:18:57.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987289X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18915 Volltext, Open Access

1759728330

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:22.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728330 OCoLC 1255600673 WBOKR 18925 EBP 064561410 KEP 064561410 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18925 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO What are the Constraints to Inclusive Growth in Zambia? World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Africa Zambia s ACCESS LEVEL s ACCESS TO CAPITAL s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO SAVING s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES s AGRICULTURAL CREDITS s AGRICULTURAL MARKETS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s ARABLE LAND s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK BRANCHES s BANK DEPOSIT s BANK LOANS s BANKING SECTOR s BINDING CONSTRAINT s BUSINESS ACTIVITIES s BUSINESS OWNERS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL GOODS s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s COAL s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK BRANCHES s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL FARMERS s COMMERCIAL FARMING s COMMODITY PRICES s COORDINATION FAILURES s CORRUPTION s COST OF CAPITAL s COUNTRY COMPARISONS s CREDIT OPPORTUNITIES s CREDITWORTHINESS s DEBT s DEBT PAYMENTS s DEBT RELIEF s DEBT SERVICE s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC CREDIT s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC AGENT s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIC SITUATION s EDUCATION LEVELS s EMPLOYER s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s ENDOWMENTS s ENROLLMENT s ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES s EXCESS DEMAND s EXCESS SUPPLY s EXCHANGE CONTROLS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORT SHARE s EXPORT SHARES s EXPORTERS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNALITIES s FARMER s FARMERS s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FISCAL POLICIES s FISHERIES s FISHING s FIXED COSTS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FORESTRY s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT BUDGET DEFICIT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s HEALTH SERVICES s HIGH INTEREST RATES s HOLDING s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME LEVEL s INDIRECT COST s INDIVIDUALS WITHOUT ACCESS s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFORMAL BORROWING s INFORMAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s INFORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INFORMATION ON BORROWERS s INSECURE PROPERTY s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE SPREAD s INTEREST RATE SPREADS s INTERMEDIATE GOODS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT FLOWS s IRREGULAR INCOME s JOB CREATION s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR MOBILITY s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LACK OF CREDIT s LAND RIGHTS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDERS s LEVY s LIMITED ACCESS s LIMITED ACCESS TO FINANCE s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOCAL CURRENCY s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY s MACROECONOMIC RISKS s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET CONSTRAINTS s MARKET FAILURES s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s METALS s MFI s MICRO CREDIT s MICRO ENTERPRISES s MICRO FINANCE s MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTION s MICRO-CREDIT s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MIGRATION s MINES s MOBILE PHONE s MONETARY POLICY s NATURAL RESOURCES s OIL s PENSION s PERSONAL LOANS s PLEDGES s POOR ACCESS s POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES s PRIVATE LOANS s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC REGISTRIES s REAL ESTATE s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REMITTANCES s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK PREMIUMS s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SELF EMPLOYMENT s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SETTLEMENT s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SMALL FARMERS s SMALLHOLDER s SMALLHOLDERS s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SERVICES s STATISTICAL ANALYSIS s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX CODE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX EXEMPT s TAX EXEMPT STATUS s TAX INCENTIVE s TAX POLICY s TAX RATES s TAX SYSTEM s TAXATION s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE TAXES s TRADING s TRANSPORT s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBANIZATION s VILLAGES s WAGE DIFFERENTIAL s WAGES s WAREHOUSE s WAREHOUSES English en_US Despite positive, relatively broad-based and stable growth record in recent years and immense untapped potential in agriculture, mining and services, Zambia's poverty rates have not declined significantly and remain high. Income growth is limited by coordination failures such as poor access to domestic and international markets, inputs, extension services and information. High indirect costs - most of which attributable to infrastructure service-related inputs into production including energy, transport, telecom, water, but also insurance, marketing and professional service - undermine Zambia's competitiveness limit job creation and therefore serve as a major constraint to pro-poor growth. Continued real appreciation is another serious threat to the competitiveness of export-oriented and import-competing sectors and to job creation. For Zambia to stay competitive and sustain the growth momentum it will be critical to improve productivity - including the productivity of its labor force, and to lower indirect production costs related to basic services. Carefully crafted monetary and fiscal policies will also be critical in responding to the real appreciation pressures. Improving the quality and access to secondary and tertiary education is essential if the poor are to benefit from future growth of the non-farm economy. Weak governance and in particular poor government effectiveness, are factors behind the market coordination failures and the identified government failures, and are as such major obstacles to inclusive growth in Zambia 40 17-11-21 00:18:58.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872903 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18925 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:23.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728349 OCoLC 1255600674 WBOKR 19522 EBP 064561402 KEP 064561402 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19522 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Competitive Agriculture or State Control Ukraine's Response to the Global Food Crisis World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Ukraine s ACREAGE s ADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCE s ADMINISTERED PRICES s AGRARIAN POLICY s AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE s AGRIBUSINESS s AGRIBUSINESS LEADERS s AGRICULTURAL AREAS s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL MARKET s AGRICULTURAL MARKETS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL POLICIES s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL RAW MATERIALS s AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS s AGRICULTURAL WORKERS s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s AGRICULTURE SECTOR s AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX s ASSET VALUES s AVERAGE YIELD s BAKERIES s BAKERY INDUSTRY s BAKING s BANKRUPTCY s BEVERAGES s BREAD s BUTTER s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CARTEL s CEREALS s CHEESE s COLLATERAL s COLLUSION s COMBINES s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES s COMPETITIVE MARKET s COMPETITIVE PRODUCTS s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER PRICE s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMER PRICES s CORN s CROP PRODUCTION s DAIRY s DAIRY PRODUCTS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIRECT PAYMENTS s DOMESTIC CONSUMERS s DOMESTIC PRICE s DOMESTIC PRICES s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s EGGS s ELASTICITY s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s ENERGY PRICE s ENERGY PRICES s ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT s EXPORTS s FARM s FARM MANAGEMENT s FARM MANAGERS s FARM STORAGE s FARMERS s FARMS s FEED s FLOUR s FOOD AID s FOOD AVAILABILITY s FOOD CROP s FOOD CROPS s FOOD FOR ALL s FOOD GRAINS s FOOD MARKETS s FOOD POLICY s FOOD POLICY RESEARCH s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICE INFLATION s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PROCESSING s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD RIOTS s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SHORTAGE s FOOD SUBSIDIES s FOOD SUPPLY s FOOD SURPLUSES s FOOD WEB s FOREIGN MARKETS s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENT s FRUIT s FRUIT VEGETABLES s FUTURES s GDP s GDP DEFLATOR s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL MARKET s GRAIN s GRAIN PRICES s GRAIN PRODUCTION s GRAINS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS MARGIN s HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s IFPRI s IMPORT TARIFFS s INCOME s INFLATIONARY EXPECTATIONS s INFORMATION ASYMMETRIES s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIQUIDITY s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MAIZE s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET POWER s MARKET SHARE s MARKET STUDIES s MARKETING s MARKETING SYSTEMS s MEAT s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MILK s MILK CHEESE s MILLING s MILLING INDUSTRY s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY GROWTH s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL ECONOMY s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL RESOURCE s NET CAPITAL s NET EXPORTS s PENSIONS s PER CAPITA INCOME s PER CAPITA INCOMES s POLITICAL UNREST s POTENTIAL OUTPUT s POULTRY s PRICE CHANGES s PRICE CONTROLS s PRICE FORECASTS s PRICE INCREASE s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE INDEX s PRICE LEVELS s PRICE SPREADS s PRICE SUPPORT s PRICE TRENDS s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRODUCER PRICE s PRODUCT QUALITY s PRODUCTION INCREASES s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC GOOD s QUALITY REQUIREMENTS s QUALITY STANDARDS s QUOTA RENTS s QUOTA SYSTEM s QUOTAS s REAL INCOME s RICE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY ISSUES s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SALE s SALES s SAVINGS s SOCIAL COSTS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SPREAD s STAPLE FOODS s STOCKS s STORAGE CAPACITY s SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA s SUGAR s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAINS s SURPLUS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE INVESTMENT s TARGET MARKETS s TAX s TRADE AGREEMENTS s TRADE POLICIES s TRADE POLICY s TRADE RELATIONS s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s VALUE ADDED s VEGETABLE OILS s VERTICAL INTEGRATION s VOLUME s WAGE GROWTH s WAGES s WAREHOUSE s WHEAT s WORLD ECONOMY s WORLD MARKET s WORLD MARKET PRICE s WORLD MARKET PRICES s WORLD MARKETS s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US World market prices for grains and oilseeds have risen dramatically over the last 24 months. Despite a recent drop, wheat prices are still about twice what they were two years ago. Given the underlying causes, this situation is likely to persist for the medium term (International Food Policy Research Institute-IFPRI and World Bank projections use a time horizon until 2015). Rising food prices are causing significant hardship worldwide and threatening to cast large numbers of people into poverty. However, the current situation is a major opportunity for Ukraine, a net grain exporter with a significant exploitable yield gap and one of the few countries in the world that are in a position to significantly increase net exports and make up for emerging deficits elsewhere. With appropriate policies and investments, Ukraine could significantly increase its grain harvest and gain global market share in an environment of rising global demand. Even relatively conservative estimates of growth in yields and acreage indicate that a regular harvest of over 40 million tons will be possible. Seizing this opportunity will require a shift in policies and corresponding increases in private and public investment. Ukraine is in a position to make a significant contribution to the international effort to deal with the food crisis, while providing attractive investment and employment opportunities in the agriculture sector (in rural areas) that are expected to yield significant income, trade, and fiscal benefits 40 17-11-21 00:18:58.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872911 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19522 Volltext, Open Access

1759728357

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:23.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728357 OCoLC 1255600361 WBOKR 18920 EBP 064561399 KEP 064561399 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18920 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Albania Local Finance Policy Note Programmatic Public Expenditure and Institutional Review World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Public expenditure review (PER) Europe and Central Asia s ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s AGGREGATE DEBT s ARREARS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BLOCK GRANTS s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s BUDGETING s BUSINESS LICENSES s BUSINESS TAX REVENUE s CALCULATION s CAPITAL ALLOCATION s CAPITAL GRANTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH PAYMENTS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS s CITIES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY SERVICES s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s CONTRIBUTION s CONTRIBUTIONS s CURRENT RATE s DEBT s DEBT LIMITATIONS s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT STOCK s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICITS s DELINQUENT CUSTOMERS s DEPRECIATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s EQUALIZATION s EXPENDITURE RESPONSIBILITIES s EXPENDITURES s FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION s GARBAGE COLLECTION s GENERAL PUBLIC s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT FUNDING s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENTS s GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GRACE PERIODS s GRANT ALLOCATION s GRANT ALLOCATIONS s GRANT DISTRIBUTION s GRANT PROGRAMS s HEALTH INSURANCE s HOUSING s INCOME TAX s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSURANCE s INTEREST RATES s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNATIONAL BORROWING s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT FINANCING s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s ISSUANCE s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LAND MANAGEMENT s LARGE CITIES s LARGE COMPANIES s LAWS s LEGISLATION s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LIABILITY s LICENSES s LOAN s LOCAL AUTONOMY s LOCAL BUSINESS s LOCAL FINANCE s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT BORROWING s LOCAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE s LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT SPENDING s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL SPENDING s LOCAL TAXES s LONG TERM DEBT s LOW INCOME s MIGRATION s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MUNICIPAL REVENUE s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL INVESTMENT s OPERATING REVENUE s OUTREACH PROGRAM s OWNERSHIP DATA s PAYMENT OF DEBT s PAYROLL DEDUCTIONS s PENSION s PENSION CONTRIBUTIONS s PERSONAL INCOME s POVERTY RATES s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRIVATE FINANCIAL SECTOR s PROPERTY TAX s PROPERTY TAX ADMINISTRATION s PROPERTY TAXES s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC BORROWING s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC WORKS s RAPID GROWTH s RATES OF RETURN s REAL ESTATE s RECURRENT COST s RECURRENT COSTS s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REVENUE ASSIGNMENT s REVENUE COLLECTION s ROADS s SALARIES s SALES s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECURITIES s SENIOR s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SHAREHOLDERS s SHORT TERM DEBT s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOLID WASTE COLLECTION s STAKEHOLDERS s STREETS s STRUCTURE OF GOVERNMENT s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUPERVISORY BOARD s TARIFF REVENUE s TAX s TAX ASSIGNMENT s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX RATE s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX SHARING s TAXATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TREASURY s TURNOVER s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN MIGRATION s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN SERVICES s UTILITIES s VALUABLE s VALUATION s VALUATIONS s VARIABLE INTEREST RATES s WAGE s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WORTH English en_US Albania has undertaken major reforms in its system of local government finance since 2000. What had been a system in which local functions were ambiguous and financing was largely provided through tightly controlled earmarked grants is now one in which functions are relatively clear and local governments have more autonomy over the allocation of funds. A new system of competitive grants for infrastructure investment has been introduced. Parliament has enacted a new law on local borrowing. Within this framework, however, several controversies remain which are addressed in this policy note. In the long term Albania must also grapple with certain organizational issues. One is the role of regional governments, which now lack any major clearly defined function. While the Government's decentralization strategy proposes a range of possible functions for regional governments, most of these roles could be carried out through other means. The other organizational issue is the consolidation of small communes. The Government's decentralization strategy proposes the eventual consolidation of small local governments into larger units. International experience, however, suggests that the efficiency gains of consolidation are limited and may not be sufficient to justify the political costs of doing so. Efforts to consolidate local governments should consider alternative solutions such as inter-municipal agreements and joint service companies before proceeding 40 17-11-21 00:18:58.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987292X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18920 Volltext, Open Access

1759728365

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:23.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728365 OCoLC 1255600676 WBOKR 19524 EBP 064561380 KEP 064561380 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19524 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financing of Panchayati Raj Institutions in World Bank-Financed Operations World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNT s ACCOUNT MAINTENANCE s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY FRAMEWORK s ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS s ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEM s ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEMS s ACCOUNTANCY s ACCOUNTANCY FIRMS s ACCOUNTANTS s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING PRACTICES s ACCOUNTING RULES s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACQUISITION s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK s ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS s ADMINISTRATIVE SUPERVISION s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s ANNUAL PERFORMANCE s ANNUAL PLANS s ANTI-CORRUPTION s ARTICLE s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSETS s ATTESTATION s AUDIT FINDINGS s AUDIT OFFICES s AUDIT REPORTS s AUDITED ACCOUNTS s AUDITING s AUDITING STANDARDS s AUDITOR s AUDITOR GENERAL s AUDITORS s AUDITS s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANKS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BILLS s BLOCK GRANTS s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGETARY ALLOCATION s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CAPITAL BUDGET s CASH BALANCE s CASH BASIS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL FUNDS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s CONSENSUS BUILDING s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER s CONTRIBUTIONS s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS s DEPOSIT s DEVOLUTION s DIAGNOSTIC TOOL s DISCRETION s DOUBLE ENTRY BOOKKEEPING s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMBEZZLEMENTS s EMPLOYMENT s ENTITLEMENTS s EXPENDITURE CATEGORIES s EXPENDITURE TRACKING s EXTERNAL AUDIT s EXTERNAL AUDITS s FIDUCIARY RISK s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL CONTROL s FINANCIAL DECISIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL POSITION s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL REPORTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCING SOURCES s FISCAL CAPACITY s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL TRANSFERS s FISCAL TRANSPARENCY s FRAUD s FRAUDS s FUND MANAGEMENT s GOOD PRACTICE s GOOD PRACTICES s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS s GROWTH RATE s INCOME s INFLATION s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INITIATIVE s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INVENTORY s JUSTICE s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATIVE SCRUTINY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LONG-TERM GOAL s LONG-TERM PLANNING s LUMP SUM s MANDATES s MEDIUM-TERM FISCAL PLAN s MID-TERM REVIEW s MINISTER s MINISTERS s MONETARY AWARDS s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL ACCOUNTING s NATIONALIZED BANKS s PERFORMANCE AUDITS s PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT s PERFORMANCE REPORTING s PERFORMANCE REPORTS s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT POLICY s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRAMS s PROPERTY TAX s PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY s PUBLIC ACCOUNTS s PUBLIC DEMAND s PUBLIC DISCLOSURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY AUDITS s REMEDIES s REPORTING SYSTEMS s RESPONSIBILITIES s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s REVENUE SOURCES s SALARIES s SANCTION s SANCTIONS s SANITATION s SECTORAL CEILINGS s SENIOR s SERVICE DELIVERY s STAKEHOLDERS s STATE GOVERNMENT s STATE GOVERNMENTS s STATE TREASURY s SUBSIDIARY s SUPPORT PROGRAMS s SURCHARGES s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX RATES s TAX REVENUES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s VALUABLE s WAGE s WATER SUPPLY English en_US The Government of India (GOI) is committed to strengthening Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI) with a concerted effort to integrate and secure a central role for the village to district-level governments in World Bank-financed operations. The World Bank is actively seeking ways of achieving a greater degree of internal coherence between Bank-financed operations and consistency with the GOI approach to decentralization. With these objectives as backdrop, the report financing of panchayati raj institutions in World Bank-financed operations provides advice to World Bank task teams and clients for designing appropriate fiduciary mechanisms for PRI financing, ones that are consistent with the GOI constitutional framework and comply with World Bank operational policies and procedures. The report uses findings from a mapping exercise of ongoing Bank-financed operations in Panchayati Raj Institutions, analyzing the public financial management and accountability (PFMA) and procurement arrangements to determine what has or has not worked well and whether any can be replicated or mainstreamed. The report also covers the efficiency issues of panchayati raj institutions dealing with multiple financing sources with a resulting heavyload of reporting requirements; the extent to which existing PRI systems are being utilized or could have been utilized, and the views of PRI staff 40 17-11-21 00:18:58.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872938 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19524 Volltext, Open Access

1759728373

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728373 OCoLC 1255600677 WBOKR 19521 EBP 064561372 KEP 064561372 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19521 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rising Food Prices in East Asia Challenges and Policy Options Milan Brahmbhatt VerfasserIn aut Luc Christiaensen VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific s ACCESS TO FOOD s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ADVANCED COUNTRIES s AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS s AGRICULTURAL EXPORT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL R&D s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL TRADE s AGRICULTURE s AGRONOMIC PRACTICES s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY s BLACK MARKETS s BUFFER STOCKS s CALORIC INTAKE s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS s CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS s CASH TRANSFERS s CEREALS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER PRICE s CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION s COOKING s CORN s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP RESIDUES s CROP YIELD s CURRENCY s DEMAND GROWTH s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DOMESTIC INFLATION s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC PRICE s DOMESTIC PRICES s DROUGHT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENERGY PRICES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT MARKETS s FAO s FEED s FEED GRAINS s FERTILIZERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FISCAL DEFICITS s FLOUR s FOOD AID s FOOD AID DISTRIBUTION s FOOD AVAILABILITY s FOOD BUYERS s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD CROP s FOOD CROPS s FOOD DISTRIBUTION s FOOD EXPENDITURES s FOOD EXPORT s FOOD FOR ALL s FOOD FOR WORK s FOOD IMPORTS s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD INTAKE s FOOD ITEMS s FOOD MARKETS s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICE INFLATION s FOOD PRICE SUBSIDIES s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PRODUCERS s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD STAMPS s FOOD STOCKS s FOOD SUBSIDIES s FOOD SUBSIDY s FOOD SUPPLIES s FOOD SUPPLY s FOOD SURPLUS s FOOD-FOR-WORK s FOODS s FUTURE CONTRACTS s GLOBAL MARKET s GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT s GRAIN s GRAIN PRODUCTION s GRAINS s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GASES s HARVEST s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s IFPRI s INCOME s INCOME GAINS s INCOME GROUPS s INCOMES s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE s IRRI s IRRIGATION s IRRIGATION SYSTEMS s LOCAL CURRENCIES s LOCAL FARMERS s MAIZE s MARGINAL LANDS s MARKET BASED INSTRUMENTS s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DISRUPTION s MARKET FORCES s MARKET LIBERALIZATION s MARKETING s MEAT s MILLS s OILSEEDS s PACIFIC REGION s PALM OIL s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL PLATFORM s POOR s POOR FAMILIES s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR INFRASTRUCTURE s POPULATION GROWTH s PORK s POST OFFICE s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCING s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE CHANGES s PRICE CONTROLS s PRICE INCREASE s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE LEVELS s PRICE MOVEMENTS s PRICE STABILIZATION s PRICE SUBSIDY s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE MARKETS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC SAFETY NET s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s RAPID EXPANSION s RATION SHOPS s REPUTATION s RICE s RICE CROPS s RICE RESEARCH s RICE VARIETIES s RICE YIELDS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL POOR s RURAL WORKERS s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NET PROGRAMS s SAFETY NETS s SALES s SAVANNAS s SCHOOL FEEDING s SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMS s SEEDS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOYBEAN s SOYBEANS s STARCH s SUBSTITUTES s SUBSTITUTION s SUGAR s SUGAR CANE s SUGARS s SUPERMARKETS s SUPPLIER s SUPPLY SHOCKS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SWINE s SWINE FEVER s TARGETING s TAX s TAX CREDIT s TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES s TRADE OPPORTUNITIES s TRANSPARENCY s URBANIZATION s WHEAT s WHEAT HARVESTS s WORLD MARKET s WORLD MARKETS pha English en_US Large increases in international food prices in 2007 and early 2008 have become a key concern for policy makers in East Asia. The increases are likely to have a significant impact on the living standards of many, particularly the poor. By March 2008, dollar nominated world food prices were more than two and a half times higher than in early 2002. Almost three quarters of this increase occurred since the start of 2007, and about half since the beginning of 2008. Recent sharp increases in international rice prices are of particular concern in East Asia. Food comprises 30 to 50 percent of the consumption basket of the average household in East Asia (compared to 15 percent in the United States). Within that, rice accounts for one third of the daily caloric intake, followed by wheat (12.4 percent), pork (8.8 percent), corn (4.4 percent), soybean and palm oil (3.4 percent and 1.8 percent respectively). This note examines the reasons for the surge in world food prices, in particular of rice in section two. It reviews the economic and poverty impacts of rising food prices in East Asian countries in section three. Finally, it concludes by assessing policy responses undertaken by East Asian economies so far, and discusses policy options going forward, including the importance of regional and international cooperation in addressing high food prices in section four 40 17-11-21 00:18:58.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872946 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19521 Volltext, Open Access

1759728381

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:23.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728381 OCoLC 1255600633 WBOKR 18927 EBP 064561364 KEP 064561364 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18927 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kenya Accelerating and Sustaining Inclusive Growth World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Africa Kenya s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURE s ARREARS s AVERAGE GROWTH s AVERAGE INTEREST s AVERAGE INTEREST RATE s BAILOUTS s BANK BRANCHES s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKS s BENCHMARK s BENCHMARKING s BID s BONDS s BORROWINGS s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS COMMUNITY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS PLANS s BUSINESS RISK s CALCULATIONS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL STOCK s CAPITAL SUBSIDIES s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGIES s CONSUMER s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTRIBUTION s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s COUNTRY RISK s CREDIBILITY s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENCY COMPOSITION s DEBT ARREARS s DEBT RATIO s DEBT SITUATION s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEPOSITS s DEPRECIATION s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DIRECT COSTS s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC DEBT s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC EXPANSION s ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s ECONOMIC OUTCOMES s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC SURVEYS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FINANCIAL EXPOSURE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL SURPLUS s FISCAL SURPLUSES s FIXED CAPITAL s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FUTURE GROWTH s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GNP s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT INDEBTEDNESS s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEALTH SPENDING s HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME LEVEL s INCOMES s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE SPREAD s INTEREST RATE SPREADS s INTEREST RATES s INTEREST RATES ON TREASURY BILLS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE ASSESSMENT s INVESTMENT HORIZONS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT RATE s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LEVIES s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOW-INCOME s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC RISK s MACROECONOMIC RISKS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET LEADERS s MARKET PRICES s MARKETING s MICRO-DATA s MICROECONOMIC ANALYSIS s MOBILE PHONES s MONETARY CONTROL s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL EXPORT s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s PENSION s PER CAPITA INCOME s POLICY CREDIBILITY s POLITICAL RISK s POLITICAL STABILITY s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SAVINGS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROFIT MARGINS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL EXCHANGE RATES s REAL GDP s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s REAL INTEREST RATES s REMITTANCES s RESERVE s RESUME s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK PREMIUM s SALES s SAVINGS s SAVINGS RATE s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SEIGNIORAGE s SENIOR s SKILLED WORKERS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SMALL ENTREPRENEURS s SOLVENCY s STAKEHOLDERS s STOCK DATA s STOCKS s STRATEGIC INVESTORS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s T-BILL s T-BILL RATE s T-BILLS s TARIFF BARRIERS s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX RATES s TAXATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL COSTS s TOTAL DEBT s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE POLICY s TRADING s TRADING COSTS s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TRUST FUND s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN UNEMPLOYMENT s VIRTUOUS CYCLE s WAGES s WTO English en_US This report focuses on what needs to be done in the next five years to realize a significantly higher growth potential and sustain high growth in Kenya. The challenge before Kenya and the new government is to take the economy to the next phase of development. The report attempts to do this in two ways. First, it applies the insights from the recent empirical work and experience in other high growth countries to Kenya to propose a growth strategy. The strategy, so developed, will validate and likely help sharpen the broad thrust and direction of the ongoing reform efforts. Second, it drills down selectively into certain aspects of the growth strategy to generate a set of specific policy and institutional reforms. The net result is a reform agenda consisting of detailed policy actions that are expected to add up to a well-articulated growth strategy. Apart from influencing government action, the report is also expected to influence thinking about growth in policy circles outside the government. In its analysis, the report draws upon the state-of-the-art thinking on the issues of growth, which is going through considerable rethinking among economists and practitioners. Among several departures from the conventional view, the new thinking shies away from providing prepackaged answers to an economy's problems and emphasizes country-specific analysis instead. Similarly, the focus has shifted from identifying correlates of growth at a macroeconomic level (as in growth regressions), to identifying constraints to growth at a microeconomic level. This report reflects this shift in thinking and draws mainly upon analysis specific to Kenya (such as growth diagnostics and investment climate assessment) to arrive at conclusions relevant to policy choices. This report reinforces the findings of the Vision 2030 document in several areas, adds value in many others, and modifies some. Most significantly, this report agrees with the Vision that tourism, manufacturing, and service sectors based on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) are likely engines for growth. However, this report is much less emphatic than Vision 2030 about the sectors (identified winners and flagship projects) on which government should focus for delivering the aspired growth. The emphasis of the report is instead on generic economy-wide reforms aimed at reducing business costs and improving productivity 40 17-11-21 00:18:58.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872954 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18927 Volltext, Open Access

175972839X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:23.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972839X OCoLC 1255600688 WBOKR 19481 EBP 064561356 KEP 064561356 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19481 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Trade and Transport Facilitation in South Asia Systems in Transition, Volume 2. Annexes World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource South Asia South Asia s ACCESS CONTROL s AIR s AIR CARGO s AIR FREIGHT s AIR TRANSPORT s AIRLINES s AIRPORT s ALTERNATIVE MODES s ARTERIAL ROADS s ASSEMBLY s AUTOMOBILE s AUTOMOBILES s AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR s BERTH s BERTHING s BERTHS s BICYCLES s BORDER CROSSING s BOTTLENECKS s BREAK BULK s BREAK BULK CARGO s BULK CARGO s BULK CARGOES s BULK CARRIERS s BULK FREIGHT s BULK HANDLING s BULK TERMINALS s BULK TRAFFIC s CABOTAGE s CAR s CARGO BERTHS s CARGO HANDLING s CARGO HANDLING SPEEDS s CARGOES s CARRIAGE s CARRIERS s CARS s CFS s CHANNELS s CHARTER RATES s COASTAL SHIPPING s COMMERCIAL FREIGHT s COMMODITY s CONCESSIONAIRE s CONGESTION s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION SUPERVISION s CONTAINER CARGO s CONTAINER CORPORATION s CONTAINER DEPOTS s CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION s CONTAINER HANDLING s CONTAINER HANDLING EQUIPMENT s CONTAINER RATES s CONTAINER SERVICES s CONTAINER SHIPPING s CONTAINER SHIPS s CONTAINER TERMINALS s CONTAINER TRAFFIC s CONTAINER VESSELS s CONTAINERIZATION s CONTAINERS s CORRIDOR s CRUDE OIL s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS CLEARANCE s CUSTOMS PROCEDURES s DEADWEIGHT s DEEP WATER BERTHS s DELIVERY SCHEDULES s DIESEL s DIRECT DELIVERY s DRIVERS s DRY BULK s DRY BULK CARRIERS s DRY CARGO s DUTY s DWT s EDGE s EXPORT s EXPRESSWAYS s EXTERNAL TRANSPORT s FLEETS s FOREIGN SHIPS s FOREIGN VESSELS s FREIGHT s FREIGHT FORWARDING s FREIGHT MARKET s FREIGHT RATES s FREIGHT TRAFFIC s FREIGHT VEHICLES s FUEL s FUEL TAXES s GENERAL CARGO BERTHS s HANDLING EQUIPMENT s HAULAGE s HAULING s HEAVY VEHICLES s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION s HIGHWAY AUTHORITY s HIGHWAY CAPACITY s HIGHWAY DESIGN s HIGHWAY INVESTMENT s HIGHWAY NETWORK s HIGHWAY NETWORKS s HIGHWAY PROGRAMS s HIGHWAY PROJECTS s HIGHWAY SYSTEM s HIGHWAYS s HUB s INLAND CONTAINER DEPOT s INLAND TRANSPORT s INLAND WATER TRANSPORT s INLAND WATERWAY s INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT s INTERNATIONAL CONTAINER TERMINAL s INTERNATIONAL PORT s INTERNATIONAL PORTS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT IN ROADS s IRON ORE HANDLING s JETTIES s JOURNEY s LAND ACQUISITION s LANDLORD PORT s LANES s LARGE SHIPS s LINER SERVICES s LINER SHIPPING s LOGISTICS COSTS s MANUFACTURING s MIDDLE EAST s MOTOR VEHICLES s NATIONAL HIGHWAYS s NATIONAL LOGISTICS s NAVIGATION s NEW TANKERS s NEW TERMINAL s NUMBER OF CONTAINERS s PASSENGER s PASSENGER CARS s PEAK PERIODS s PEDESTRIANS s POLICE s PORT AUTHORITY s PORT CHARGES s PORT CONGESTION s PORT DUES s PORT MANAGEMENT s PORT PERFORMANCE s PORT PRODUCTIVITY s PORT SECTOR s PORT SERVICES s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s RAIL s RAIL CAPACITY s RAIL FREIGHT s RAIL LINES s RAIL TRANSPORT s RAILWAY s RAILWAYS s RANGE s REFERENCE s RESERVE s RESETTLEMENT s RESTORATION s RING ROADS s ROAD s ROAD CORRIDORS s ROAD FREIGHT RATES s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD INVESTMENT s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SECTOR s ROAD TOLLS s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD USER s ROAD USERS s ROADS s ROUGH s ROUTE s ROUTES s RURAL ROADS s SAFETY s SAFETY STANDARDS s SEA TRAFFIC s SEA TRANSPORT s SHIP-OWNERS s SHIPMENTS s SHIPOWNERS s SHIPOWNERS ASSOCIATION s SHIPPERS s SHIPPING s SHIPPING COMPANIES s SHIPPING COMPANY s SHIPPING COSTS s SHIPPING INDUSTRY s SHIPPING LINE s SHIPPING LINES s SHIPPING RATES s SHIPS s SMALLER VESSELS s SOUTH ASIAN s SPEEDS s STATE HIGHWAYS s STEVEDORES s STEVEDORING s SUPPLY CHAINS s TANKER s TANKERS s TAX s TAXES ON DIESEL s TERMINAL DEVELOPMENT s TERMINAL OPERATORS s TEU s TOLL s TOLL ROADS s TONNAGE s TRADE ROUTES s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CAPACITY s TRAFFIC FLOWS s TRAFFIC LEVELS s TRAFFIC VOLUMES s TRANSIT s TRANSIT TIMES s TRANSIT TRADE s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT CAPACITY s TRANSPORT COST SAVINGS s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT FACILITATION s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s TRANSSHIPMENT s TRIP s TRIPS s TRUCK TRANSPORT s TRUCKS s TRUNK LINE s TYPES OF CARGO s URBAN ROADS s URBAN TRAFFIC s VEHICLE s VEHICLE INSURANCE s VESSELS s WAREHOUSING s WORLD SHIPPING English en_US Over the past few decades, the World trading system has become increasingly more open. Tariff rates have been reduced and quantitative restrictions (quotas) have been progressively eliminated, e.g. the Multi-Fiber Agreement (MFA). Most countries have adopted more outward-looking economic policies, seeking to increase growth and employment through expanding exports. Such outward looking policies have even been adopted by countries which previously pursued policies based on import substitution as in South Asia. Protective trade restrictions still persist, but tend to be in terms of more subtle non-tariff barriers (such as sanitary or phyto-sanitary standards), though anti-dumping measures and temporary quantity restrictions are still used by many countries to shield domestic producers. Trade regulations no longer solely attempt to protect domestic producers; their scope has extended to cover the need for enhanced security and the desire for greater consumer protection through the traceability of the production chain for many agricultural products. Intense competition compels firms to reduce costs throughout their manufacturing and distribution processes. Outsourcing to lower cost firms and countries has been one major source of cost reduction, reduced inventory costs through just-in-time manufacturing, and distribution systems has been another. Both are predicated on efficient, reliable and low-cost supply chains. With the worldwide fall in tariff levels, the efficiency of supply chains and the associated logistics costs are becoming core determinants of the competitiveness of both firms and countries. They may also influence the destination of inward direct investment; many countries can offer low labor costs and tax incentives, fewer can offer quick, efficient, reliable, and low cost logistics 40 17-11-21 00:18:58.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872962 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19481 Volltext, Open Access

1759728403

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:23.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728403 OCoLC 1255600716 WBOKR 19480 EBP 064561348 KEP 064561348 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19480 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Trade and Transport Facilitation in South Asia Systems in Transition, Volume 1. Summary and Main Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource South Asia South Asia s ACCESS TO THE SEA s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AIR s AIR FREIGHT s AIR TRANSPORT s ANTI-DUMPING MEASURES s AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY s AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR s AVIATION POLICY s BERTH s BERTHS s BILATERAL AGREEMENT s BILLS OF LADING s BORDER CROSSING s BORDER CROSSINGS s BULK CARGO s CABOTAGE s CARGO DWELL TIME s CARGO HANDLING s CARGO INSURANCE s CFS s CIF s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s CONGESTION s CONSIGNMENT s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONTAINER CARGO s CONTAINER FACILITIES s CONTAINER FREIGHT STATIONS s CONTAINER HANDLING s CONTAINER SERVICES s CONTAINER SHIPPING s CONTAINER TERMINAL s CONTAINER TERMINALS s CONTAINER TRAFFIC s CONTAINER VESSELS s CONTAINERS s COSTS OF TRANSPORT s CROSSING s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS BROKERS s CUSTOMS CLEARANCE s CUSTOMS INSPECTORS s CUSTOMS OFFICERS s CUSTOMS PROCEDURES s DEADWEIGHT s DEBT SERVICING s DELIVERIES s DELIVERY SCHEDULES s DELIVERY TIMES s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIRECT DELIVERY s DISTRIBUTION SECTOR s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS s DOMESTIC PRODUCERS s DOMESTIC PRODUCTION s DUTY DRAWBACK s DUTY EXEMPTION SCHEME s DWT s ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES s EXPORT CLEARANCE s EXPORT DOCUMENTATION s EXPORT PRODUCTION s EXPORT PROMOTION s EXPORTS s EXPRESS DELIVERY COMPANIES s EXTERNAL TRADE s FLEETS s FOREIGN TRADE s FOREIGN VESSELS s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AREA s FREIGHT s FREIGHT FORWARDING s FREIGHT MARKET s FREIGHT SECTOR s FREIGHT SERVICE s FREIGHT SERVICES s FREIGHT STATION s FREIGHT SYSTEMS s FREIGHT TRAFFIC s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s FREIGHT VEHICLE s FREIGHT VEHICLES s FREIGHTERS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL MARKETS s GLOBAL TRADE s HAULING s HIGH DUTIES s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY AUTHORITY s HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION s HIGHWAY NETWORK s HIGHWAY NETWORKS s HIGHWAYS s IMPORT SUBSTITUTION s IMPORTING COUNTRY s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INLAND TRANSPORT s INSPECTION s INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS s INTERNATIONAL LEVELS s INTERNATIONAL NORMS s INTERNATIONAL RAIL s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT s INTRAREGIONAL TRADE s INVENTORY s INVENTORY CONTROL s INVENTORY MANAGEMENT s JOINT VENTURE s LAND TRANSPORT s LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES s LINER SHIPPING s LOADING s LOGISTICS COSTS s LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT s LOGISTICS REQUIREMENTS s MANUFACTURING s MARKET SHARE s MODERN TRANSPORT s MOST FAVORED NATION s NATIONAL AIRLINES s NON-TARIFF BARRIERS s OCEAN FREIGHT s OPEN SKIES s OUTSOURCING s PASSENGER SERVICES s PASSENGER TRAINS s PASSENGERS s POLICY RESEARCH s PORT CHARGES s PORT FACILITIES s PORT SERVICES s PORTS s POTENTIAL BENEFITS s PREFERENTIAL TRADE s PUBLIC DOMAIN s QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS s RAIL s RAIL CORRIDOR s RAIL FREIGHT s RAIL SAFETY s RAIL SECTOR s RAIL SERVICES s RAIL TRACK s RAIL TRANSIT s RAIL TRANSPORT s RAILWAY s RAILWAYS s RAPID TRANSPORT s REBATES s REGIONAL ECONOMIES s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s REGIONAL TRADE s REGIONAL TRANSIT s ROAD s ROAD DAMAGE s ROAD FREIGHT RATES s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROADS s ROUTE s ROUTES s SAFETY s SEAPORTS s SHIPPERS s SHIPPING s SHIPPING CONFERENCES s SHIPPING RATES s SPEEDS s SPOT MARKET s SUPPLY CHAINS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TARIFF LEVELS s TARIFF RATE s TARIFF RATE QUOTA s TAX s TERMINAL FACILITIES s TONNAGE s TRACK CAPACITY s TRADE AGREEMENTS s TRADE DIVERSION s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE FLOWS s TRADE LOGISTICS s TRADE POLICIES s TRADE REGULATIONS s TRADE RESTRICTIONS s TRADE SYSTEM s TRADE SYSTEMS s TRADE VOLUME s TRAFFIC s TRAIN CONTROL s TRAINS s TRANSIT s TRANSIT FACILITIES s TRANSIT SYSTEM s TRANSIT SYSTEMS s TRANSIT TIMES s TRANSIT TRADE s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT AGREEMENT s TRANSPORT AGREEMENTS s TRANSPORT CAPACITY s TRANSPORT CORRIDORS s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT FACILITATION s TRANSPORT INDUSTRY s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICE s TRANSPORT SERVICE PROVIDERS s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORT · RAILWAYS s TRANSSHIPMENT s TRUCK TRANSPORT s TRUCKS s VEHICLE s VEHICLE INSURANCE s VEHICLE MOVEMENT s VESSELS s WAREHOUSING s WORLD MARKET s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WORLD TRADING SYSTEM English en_US Over the past few decades, the World trading system has become increasingly more open. Tariff rates have been reduced and quantitative restrictions (quotas) have been progressively eliminated, e.g. the Multi-Fiber Agreement (MFA). Most countries have adopted more outward-looking economic policies, seeking to increase growth and employment through expanding exports. Such outward looking policies have even been adopted by countries which previously pursued policies based on import substitution as in South Asia. Protective trade restrictions still persist, but tend to be in terms of more subtle non-tariff barriers (such as sanitary or phyto-sanitary standards), though anti-dumping measures and temporary quantity restrictions are still used by many countries to shield domestic producers. Trade regulations no longer solely attempt to protect domestic producers; their scope has extended to cover the need for enhanced security and the desire for greater consumer protection through the traceability of the production chain for many agricultural products. Intense competition compels firms to reduce costs throughout their manufacturing and distribution processes. Outsourcing to lower cost firms and countries has been one major source of cost reduction, reduced inventory costs through just-in-time manufacturing, and distribution systems has been another. Both are predicated on efficient, reliable and low-cost supply chains. With the worldwide fall in tariff levels, the efficiency of supply chains and the associated logistics costs are becoming core determinants of the competitiveness of both firms and countries. They may also influence the destination of inward direct investment; many countries can offer low labor costs and tax incentives, fewer can offer quick, efficient, reliable, and low cost logistics 40 17-11-21 00:18:58.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872970 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19480 Volltext, Open Access

1759728411

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:23.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728411 OCoLC 1255600721 WBOKR 19484 EBP 06456133X KEP 06456133X 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19484 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Kazakhstan Tax Administration Reform and Modernization Volume 2. Tax Strategy Paper World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s ABUSE s ACCOUNTING s ANNUAL PAYMENTS s ANTI-CORRUPTION s ANTICORRUPTION s ARREARS s AUDIT TRAIL s AUDIT TRAILS s AUDITOR s AUDITORS s BEST PRACTICE s BORROWING s BRIBERY s BRIBES s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUDGETARY CONSTRAINTS s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS OPERATIONS s BUSINESS PRACTICES s CALCULATIONS s CALL CENTERS s CHECKS s COLLECTION PROCEDURES s COLLUSION s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMPLAINTS s COMPLIANCE COST s COMPLIANCE COSTS s CONFIDENCE s CONFIDENTIALITY s CONSULTING FIRM s CONTINGENCIES s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s CORRUPT s CORRUPT PRACTICES s CORRUPTION INVESTIGATION s CORRUPTION PREVENTION s CPI s CREDIBILITY s CRIME s CRIMES s CRIMINAL s CRIMINALS s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRICULUM s DEBT s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DIVIDENDS s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s EDUCATION PROGRAM s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM s ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE s EQUIPMENT s EQUIPMENTS s ETHIC s ETHICS s EXCISE TAXES s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL EFFORT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL SURPLUS s FISCAL SURPLUSES s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FORMAL ECONOMY s FRAUD s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCENTIVE PROGRAM s INCOME s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INTEGRITY s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDITS s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL PRICE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTIGATION s INVESTIGATIONS s INVESTIGATOR s INVESTIGATORS s JOB TRAINING s JUDICIARY s JURISDICTION s JURISDICTIONS s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LEADERSHIP s LIQUIDATION s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MINISTER s MINISTERS s OFFENSES s OIL PRICES s OUTSOURCING s PENALTIES s PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT s PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTS s POLICE s POSSESSION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROSECUTION s PROSECUTIONS s PUBLIC OFFICIALS s PUBLIC SPENDING s REALISTIC BUDGET s RECORD KEEPING s RED TAPE s REFORM PROGRAM s REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS s RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RESPONSIBILITIES s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK ASSESSMENTS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SALARIES s SAVINGS s SENIOR s STATE TAX s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX ASSESSMENT s TAX AVOIDANCE s TAX BASE s TAX BREAKS s TAX CODE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX ENFORCEMENT s TAX EVASION s TAX LAW s TAX LAWS s TAX LEGISLATION s TAX OBLIGATIONS s TAX OFFICES s TAX POLICY s TAX RATES s TAX REFORM s TAX REFORMS s TAX REPORTING s TAX STRUCTURE s TAX SYSTEM s TAXATION s TAXPAYER SERVICE s TAXPAYER SERVICES s TAXPAYERS s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING PROGRAM s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING WORKSHOP s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s UNEMPLOYMENT s VALUABLE s VALUE ADDED TAXES s WAGES s WORK EXPERIENCE s WORK FORCE s WORTH English en_US This study focuses on the tax system for non-subsurface users in Kazakhstan. It takes as given the tax reform package that the authorities and stakeholders are designing, but proposes a number of additional steps to be taken over the next 2-3 years aimed at maximizing the benefits of tax neutrality on competitiveness. The first volume of this report mainly focuses on tax policy: taxes on labor, capital, and consumption. A draft report on administration was also produced for discussion, which includes an initial assessment for organization, planning and staffing, a large taxpayers unit, anti-corruption issues, taxpayer services and education, audit and inspections, collection activities, and legal issues and appeal. The second volume of the tax strategy paper examines tax administration issues, and identifies functional areas that require attention in the short, medium and longer-term. This examination represents an initial diagnostic and is not a final blueprint for modernization. The nine areas diagnosed are: organizational structure, human resource and training; anti-corruption; taxpayer service and education; large taxpayers; audit/inspection; collection; information technology; and legal and appeals 40 17-11-21 00:18:58.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872989 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19484 Volltext, Open Access

175972842X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:23.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972842X OCoLC 1255600769 WBOKR 19486 EBP 064561321 KEP 064561321 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19486 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Kazakhstan Tax Strategy Paper Volume 1. A Strategic Plan for Increasing the Neutrality of the Tax System in Non-Extractive Sectors World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s ACCOUNTING s ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES s ANNUAL INCOME s ANNUAL WAGE s ANNUAL WAGES s ARBITRAGE s AUDITS s AVERAGE EARNINGS s AVERAGE WAGE s AVERAGE WAGES s BALANCED BUDGET s BOND s BOND ISSUANCES s BUDGET PLANNING s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS CYCLE s BUSINESS CYCLES s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CADASTRES s CALCULATION s CALCULATIONS s CAPITAL GOODS s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CASH FLOW s COMMODITY s CONTRIBUTION s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s CORPORATE INCOME TAXES s CORPORATE TAX s CORPORATE TAXES s CREDITS s DEBT s DEDUCTIONS s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEPRECIATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISABILITY s DISABILITY BENEFITS s DIVIDEND s DOMESTIC GOODS s DOUBLE TAXATION s DOUBLE TAXATION TREATIES s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DOWNTURN s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s ECONOMIC REFORMS s ECONOMIC TRANSACTIONS s EFFECTIVE TAX RATES s ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY INVESTMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTERS s FAMILY MEMBER s FINANCIAL SECTORS s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FISCAL AUTHORITIES s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FLAT TAX s FORMAL ECONOMY s FREE TRADE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GROSS INCOME s HARMONIZATION s HOLDING s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME - TAX s INCOME FROM DIVIDENDS s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME LEVELS s INCOMES s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVENTORIES s INVESTING s INVESTMENT TAX CREDIT s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LAND TAX s LAND TAXES s LARGE ENTERPRISES s LEVIES s LEVY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOSS OF REVENUE s LOW INCOME s LOW-INCOME s LOW-INCOME WORKERS s LUMP SUM s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY s MARGINAL RATE s MEDICAL INSURANCE s MONTHLY PAYMENTS s MORTGAGES s NOTARIES s OIL BOOM s OIL PRICES s PAYROLL SYSTEM s PAYROLL TAX s PAYROLL TAXES s PENSION s PENSION CONTRIBUTIONS s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION REFORM s PENSIONS s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME TAX s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE PENSION FUNDS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY OWNERSHIP s PROPERTY TAXES s PUBLIC SPENDING s RATE OF GROWTH s REAL ESTATE s RECESSIONS s RED TAPE s RETURN s RETURNS s REVENUE PERFORMANCE s RISK MANAGEMENT s SALARIES s SALARY s SALE s SALES s SENIOR s SINGLE TAX s SINGLE TAXPAYER s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE FUND s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTION s SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONS s STAKEHOLDERS s SUNSET PROVISION s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX ALLOWANCES s TAX BASE s TAX BASES s TAX BRACKETS s TAX BURDENS s TAX CHANGES s TAX CODE s TAX COLLECTORS s TAX CONCESSIONS s TAX CREDIT s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX LIABILITY s TAX PAYERS s TAX POLICY s TAX PREFERENCES s TAX RATE s TAX RATE STRUCTURES s TAX REBATES s TAX REFORM s TAX REFORMS s TAX REGIME s TAX REGIMES s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX STRUCTURE s TAX STRUCTURES s TAX SYSTEM s TAX SYSTEMS s TAX WEDGE s TAX WEDGES s TAXABLE INCOME s TAXATION s TAXATION POLICIES s TAXPAYER SERVICES s TAXPAYERS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TURNOVER s TURNOVER TAX s UNEMPLOYMENT s VALUABLE s VALUE ADDED TAX s VALUE ADDED TAXES s VOLATILITY s VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS s WAGE s WAGES s WELFARE REFORMS s WESTERN EUROPE s WITHHOLDING TAX s WITHHOLDING TAXES s WORKING CAPITAL s WORTH English en_US This study focuses on the tax system for non-subsurface users in Kazakhstan. It takes as given the tax reform package that the authorities and stakeholders are designing, but proposes a number of additional steps to be taken over the next 2-3 years aimed at maximizing the benefits of tax neutrality on competitiveness. The first volume of this report mainly focuses on tax policy: taxes on labor, capital, and consumption. A draft report on administration was also produced for discussion, which includes an initial assessment for organization, planning and staffing, a large taxpayers unit, anti-corruption issues, taxpayer services and education, audit and inspections, collection activities, and legal issues and appeal. The second volume of the tax strategy paper examines tax administration issues, and identifies functional areas that require attention in the short, medium and longer-term. This examination represents an initial diagnostic and is not a final blueprint for modernization. The nine areas diagnosed are: organizational structure, human resource and training; anti-corruption; taxpayer service and education; large taxpayers; audit/inspection; collection; information technology; and legal and appeals 40 17-11-21 00:18:59.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939872997 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19486 Volltext, Open Access

1759728438

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728438 OCoLC 1255600735 WBOKR 19477 EBP 064561313 KEP 064561313 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19477 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Norms for Rural Water Supply in India Smita Misra VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s AVAILABILITY OF WATER s CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION s CONSTRUCTION s COST RECOVERY s COST SHARING s DOMESTIC CONNECTIONS s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s HOUSEHOLDS s LITERS PER CAPITA PER DAY s PIPED WATER s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC WATER s QUANTITY OF WATER s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SERVICE DELIVERY s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s WASHING s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER PRESSURE s WATER SCHEME s WATER SCHEMES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES pha English en_US The study concerns norms that have been established by the Government of India in order to attain a network of facilities to provide an acceptable level of water consumption within a stipulated time frame. The term acceptable level is crucial and it has a two-fold rationale. First, competing demand for greater investment in other sectors has left relatively small allocation for the domestic sector. In the face of resource constraint, the tendency was to impose economy measures. Second, the wide inter-state differences in the provision of rural water supply services and infrastructure requires governmental intervention. Thus, standard norms have been fixed for the provision of rural and urban water supply service. The current central rural water supply norms govern all central programs and are mostly adhered by state sector programs 40 17-11-21 00:18:59.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873004 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19477 Volltext, Open Access

1759728446

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:23.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728446 OCoLC 1255600783 WBOKR 19518 EBP 064561305 KEP 064561305 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19518 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO System of Monitoring and Evaluation Smita Misra VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ARSENIC s COLLECTION EFFICIENCY s COST RECOVERY s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s ENVIRONMENTAL s EXPENDITURES s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLDS s INCOME s IRON s LITERS PER CAPITA PER DAY s PIPED WATER s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s RURAL WATER SUPPLY PROGRAMS s SALINITY s SERVICE DELIVERY s WATER CHARGES s WATER COLLECTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER SCHEME s WATER SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER TARIFF English en_US Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) are important performance management tools. They help in ascertaining whether the policies and programs are meeting the objectives. They can provide useful feedback information for taking corrective actions in the design of policies and programs. They are also the basis for accountability in the use of program funds. The monitoring and evaluation of the rural water supply programs in India is being done mainly through periodic physical and financial progress reports, visits of area officers and other government officials, and evaluation studies and sample surveys conducted from time to time. The main purpose of the monitoring and evaluation activities is to find out whether programs are being implemented as per their objectives, and to identify bottlenecks, if any, in the implementation of the programs 40 17-11-21 00:18:59.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873012 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19518 Volltext, Open Access

1759728454

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:23.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728454 OCoLC 1255600362 WBOKR 19516 EBP 064561291 KEP 064561291 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19516 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Operation and Maintenance Expenditure Cost Recovery Smita Misra VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s BULK WATER s COLLECTION EFFICIENCY s CONSUMPTION OF WATER s COST RECOVERY s COST SHARING s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s HOUSEHOLDS s LITERS PER CAPITA PER DAY s PIPED WATER s PRIVATE CONNECTIONS s PROGRAMS s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s WATER PROVIDERS s WATER SCHEMES s WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES English en_US The operation and maintenance (O&M) expenditures incurred on rural water supply schemes in India is commonly much less than required and this has serious implications on their performance. This is one of the major findings of the 10-state (Punjab, Maharashtra, Kerala, West Bengal, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Uttarkand) study on the Effectiveness of Rural Water Supply Schemes undertaken by the World Bank at the request of the Government of India. The study also analyzed the issue of cost recovery, which is generally low, but differs across states, among technologies, and between demand-driven and supply-driven schemes 40 17-11-21 00:18:59.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873020 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19516 Volltext, Open Access

1759728462

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:23.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728462 OCoLC 1255600614 WBOKR 19488 EBP 064561283 KEP 064561283 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19488 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Review of Effectiveness of Rural Water Supply Schemes in India Smita Misra VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESS TO SAFE WATER s ADEQUATE REPRESENTATION s ADEQUATE SUPPLY s AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES s AQUIFERS s ARSENIC s ASSURED WATER SUPPLY s AVAILABILITY OF WATER s BULK SUPPLY s BULK WATER s BULK WATER SUPPLY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s COLLECTION EFFICIENCY s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS s CONSTRUCTION s CONSUMER SATISFACTION s CONTINGENT VALUATION s COST OF WATER s COST RECOVERY s COST SHARING s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s DOMESTIC CONNECTIONS s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s ECONOMICS s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GROUND WATER s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT s GROUNDWATER QUALITY s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPROVING SERVICE DELIVERY s INCOME s INFLATION s LEAST COST s LITERS PER CAPITA PER DAY s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL WATER s MONITORING PROGRAM s PAYMENT FOR WATER s PIPED WATER s PIPELINES s POOR WATER QUALITY s POVERTY LINE s PRIVATE OPERATOR s PROGRAMS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROVISION OF WATER s PROVISION OF WATER SUPPLY s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUBLIC WATER s PUMPING s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUALITY OF WATER s QUANTITY OF WATER s RECHARGE s RESOURCE USE s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL DRINKING WATER s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SCHEMES s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SAFE WATER s SAFE WATER COVERAGE s SANITATION COMMITTEE s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE IMPROVEMENT s SERVICE IMPROVEMENTS s SERVICE PROVISION s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s UTILITIES s WATER BOARDS s WATER CHARGES s WATER COLLECTION s WATER CONSERVATION s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER COVERAGE s WATER DEPARTMENTS s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER FACILITIES s WATER HARVESTING s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER POINTS s WATER PRESSURE s WATER PROVIDERS s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY PROBLEMS s WATER QUALITY STUDY s WATER REQUIREMENTS s WATER SAMPLES s WATER SCHEME s WATER SCHEMES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER STORAGE s WATER SUPPLY PROJECTS s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER USE s WATER UTILITY s WATERSHED s WILLINGNESS TO PAY s WTP English en_US The prime objective of this study is to review the effectiveness of rural water supply schemes in different states in India. A total of 10 states have been covered in the study: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Orissa, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and West Bengal. The study explores the extent to which expenditure on rural water supply has been effective in providing access to safe water to rural households in India. This has been assessed in terms of their reliability and adequacy, affordability, and sustainability. In addition, the study examines in detail the capital and Operation and Maintenance (O&M) cost and the extent of cost recovery in rural water supply schemes. In order to explore the effectiveness of rural water supply schemes, the study looks at the extent to which expenditure on rural water supply under various government programs gets translated into water supply infrastructure and services. This is based on an analysis of the flow of funds, institutional costs, support Organization/non-government organization (NGO) costs, and other costs associated with the programs, as well as an assessment of direct and indirect subsidies for rural water supply. Some of the questions this study seeks to address are: What are the coping strategies adopted and coping costs borne by rural households arising out of the inadequacies/limitations of the current services? How strong is the household demand for service improvement, as reflected in their willingness to pay for improved services? What are affordable payment levels for improved services? 40 17-11-21 00:18:59.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873039 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19488 Volltext, Open Access

1759728470

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:23.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728470 OCoLC 1255600777 WBOKR 19487 EBP 064561275 KEP 064561275 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19487 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Arab Republic of Egypt Urban Sector Note Volume 1. Urban Sector Update World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s AFFORDABLE HOUSING s AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES s AGRICULTURAL SETTLEMENTS s AIR POLLUTION s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s BUILDING CODES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CHILDBEARING s CHILDBEARING AGE s CITIES s CITIZEN s CITIZENS s CITY DEVELOPMENT s CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s CLINICS s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY FACILITIES s CORE HOUSING s COUNTRYSIDE s CROWDED HOUSING s DECLINE IN FERTILITY s DEMOGRAPHIC IMPACT s DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION s DEPENDENCY RATIOS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES s DEVELOPMENT PLANS s DEVELOPMENT POLICIES s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DISTRICTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC TRENDS s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EXPENDITURES s FEMALE s FEMALES s FERTILITY s FERTILITY LEVELS s FERTILITY RATES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FUTURE POPULATION s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH IN POPULATION s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH SERVICES s HOSPITALS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HOUSING AFFORDABILITY s HOUSING MARKETS s HOUSING POLICY s HOUSING STANDARDS s HOUSING SUBSIDIES s HOUSING SUPPLY s HOUSING UNITS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN SETTLEMENT s ILLITERACY s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INFORMAL HOUSING s INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS s INHABITANTS s INTERNAL MIGRATION s INTERVENTIONS s JOB CREATION s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND MANAGEMENT STRATEGY s LAND REGISTRATION s LAND SPECULATION s LAND TENURE s LAND USE s LAND VALUE s LAND VALUE INCREMENTS s LARGE CITIES s LARGE POPULATION s LIFESTYLES s LIMITED RESOURCES s LIVE BIRTHS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL DEVELOPMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOW-INCOME s MANDATES s MIGRANTS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MOTHER s MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES s NATIONAL COUNCIL s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL LEVELS s NATIONAL POLICY s NATIONAL POPULATION s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEIGHBORHOOD s NEIGHBORHOODS s NEW TOWNS s NUMBER OF MIGRANTS s NUTRITION s OVERCROWDING s PHYSICAL PLANNING s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POLICY MAKERS s POOR FAMILIES s POPULATION CENSUSES s POPULATION COUNCIL s POPULATION DISTRIBUTION s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION INCREASE s POPULATION PROJECTIONS s POPULATION SIZE s POTABLE WATER s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMATE CITY s PRIMATE CITIES s PROVISION OF EDUCATION s PUBLIC HOUSING s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC LAND s PUBLIC OPINION s PUBLIC SERVICES s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s QUALITY OF SERVICES s RATE OF GROWTH s REAL ESTATE MARKETS s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s REGIONAL DISPARITIES s REGIONAL HUB s REGIONAL POLICY s REGIONAL POPULATION s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s RESIDENTIAL AREAS s RESIDENTIAL MOBILITY s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESPECT s RURAL AREAS s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POPULATIONS s SECONDARY CITIES s SELF-HELP s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICED LAND s SET OF RECOMMENDATIONS s SETTLEMENT PATTERN s SETTLEMENT PATTERNS s SLUM s SLUMS s SMALL TOWNS s SOCIAL AFFAIRS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION s SPATIAL PLANNING s SQUATTER s SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS s SUBDIVISIONS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TOWNS s TRAFFIC s TRAINING CENTERS s TRANSPORTATION s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNIONS s UNITED NATIONS POPULATION DIVISION s URBAN s URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN BIAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN CHALLENGE s URBAN COMMUNITIES s URBAN CORE s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN DWELLERS s URBAN ECONOMIES s URBAN EXPANSION s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN HOUSING s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN ISSUES s URBAN LAND s URBAN MANAGEMENT s URBAN MIGRATION s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN PLANS s URBAN POLICIES s URBAN POLICY s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN POPULATIONS s URBAN POVERTY s URBAN PROJECTS s URBAN SECTOR s URBAN SERVICES s URBAN STRUCTURE s URBANISM s URBANIZATION s VILLAGES s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WEIGHT OF NUMBERS s WORKING CLASS s YOUTH s YOUTH CENTERS English en_US The objective of this paper is to present a succinct and up-to-date review of the urban sector in Egypt, with a focus on issues for which there is new insight or emerging government interest. The two main themes of the report are the challenges facing the urban sector and the policy implications at various levels of government. Some of the reports mains findings are: urbanization in Egypt takes on forms and processes which are not well understood and as a consequence urban policies are sometimes weak or counter productive; until now policies and actions in the urban sector have mainly consisted of State driven, supply-side interventions; due to the focus on development in the desert, the dynamics of urbanism in the Nile Valley and Delta, which together contain over 95 percent of the country's population, have largely been ignored; and finally it is rare that government of Egypt's urban development projects include a strategy of capturing the appreciation value of their investments ("unearned increment"), cross-subsidization or cost recovery. The note concludes with a set of recommendations of ways to improve the government's response to the urban challenge 40 17-11-21 00:18:59.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873047 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19487 Volltext, Open Access

1759728489

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:23.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728489 OCoLC 1255600797 WBOKR 19479 EBP 064561267 KEP 064561267 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19479 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Romania Municipal Finance Policy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s ACCESS TO BANK s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s AUCTIONS s BAILOUT s BAILOUTS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK BORROWING s BANK LENDING s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIS POINTS s BENEFICIARIES s BOND s BOND ISSUANCE s BOND ISSUES s BOND RATING s BOND UNDERWRITERS s BONDS s BUDGET CONSTRAINT s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s CADASTRE s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL GRANT s CAPITAL GRANT SYSTEM s CAPITAL GRANTS s CASH FLOWS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT FINANCING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIT ENHANCEMENT s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT MARKETS s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATING AGENCIES s CREDIT RATINGS s CREDIT RISK s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s CREDITWORTHINESS s DEBT s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MARKET s DEBT OBLIGATION s DEBT OBLIGATIONS s DEBT RELIEF s DEBT SERVICE s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFAULT RATING s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DOMESTIC BANK s DOMESTIC BANKING s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC MARKET s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EUROBOND s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT CAPACITY s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FISCAL CAPACITY s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FIXED COUPON s FOREIGN CURRENCY s GOVERNMENT BANKRUPTCY s GOVERNMENT BANKRUPTCY FRAMEWORK s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BORROWINGS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT BUDGETING s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEBT MARKET s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s IMPLICIT GUARANTEE s INCOME SECURITY s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INDIVIDUAL LOANS s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSTRUMENT s INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFER s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNATIONAL BANKS s INTERNATIONAL CREDIT s INTERNATIONAL CREDIT RATING s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INTERNATIONAL RATING AGENCIES s INTERNATIONAL RATING AGENCY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGISLATION s LENDERS s LENDING DECISIONS s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIABILITY s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOAN MATURITIES s LOAN SIZE s LOCAL ADMINISTRATION s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL DEBT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT BORROWING s LOCAL GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET MECHANISMS s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PLAYER s MATURITY s MATURITY EXTENSION s MICRO-ENTERPRISES s MORAL HAZARD s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE MARKET s MUNICIPAL FINANCE s MUNICIPAL INVESTMENTS s MUNICIPAL LOANS s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL TREASURY s OVERDRAFT FACILITIES s PARTIAL CREDIT s PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS s PERSONAL INCOME s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO ALLOCATIONS s PORTFOLIO DIVERSIFICATION s PORTFOLIO RISK s PRIVATE BANK s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE FINANCE s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE LENDER s PROCEDURES FOR APPEAL s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION s REGISTRATION FEES s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPAYMENT s RESERVE s RESERVE FUND s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RETURNS s REVENUE ASSIGNMENT s REVENUE BONDS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES s RISK PROFILE s RISK PROFILES s SAVINGS s SHORT-TERM LIQUIDITY s SOVEREIGN GUARANTEE s SOVEREIGN RATING s STAMP DUTIES s STOCK EXCHANGE s SUB-NATIONAL DEBT s SUB-NATIONAL DEBT MARKET s SUB-NATIONAL ENTITIES s SUBORDINATED DEBT s TARIFF REVENUE s TARIFF REVENUES s TAX s TAX CODE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX RATES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANCHE s TRANCHES s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s UNDERLYING ASSETS English en_US The policy note is organized as follows: the first section reviews the local government structure and fiscal system and discusses how it can be improved to better enable local governments to efficiently fulfill their functions. The second section then examines the state of municipal utilities. The third and the final section examines the recent evolution, opportunities and challenges ahead for the development of the sub-national debt market, analyzes key deficiencies and proposes priority reforms in the legal and regulatory framework for local government borrowing, and proposes a strategy to increase the access of sub-national entities to the sub-national debt market, based on a range of technical assistance and financial support instruments carefully attuned to sub-national entities' risk profiles 40 17-11-21 00:18:59.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873055 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19479 Volltext, Open Access

1759728497

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:24.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728497 OCoLC 1255600754 WBOKR 19528 EBP 064561259 KEP 064561259 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19528 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Democratic Republic of Congo Rebuilding the Public Service Wage System Synthesis Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Africa Congo, Democratic Republic of s ALLOCATION s BASE WAGE s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET RESOURCES s BUDGET TRANSFERS s BUDGETARY RESOURCES s CALCULATIONS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAREER DEVELOPMENT s CENTRAL AUTHORITIES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SERVANT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE PAY s CIVIL SERVICE REFORM s CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM s COLLECTION AGENCIES s CONTRIBUTION s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EXPENDITURE ASSIGNMENTS s FINANCE MINISTRIES s FINANCIAL CORPORATIONS s FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FISCAL IMPACT s FORMAL EDUCATION s HEALTH SECTOR s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s INCOME s INITIATIVE s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s PENSION s PENSIONS s POLICE s POLITICIANS s PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATION s PROVINCIAL EXPENDITURE s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE MANAGEMENT s REFORM ACTIONS s REFORM AGENDA s REFORM OBJECTIVES s REFORM PROCESS s REFORM STRATEGY s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RESPONSIBILITIES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT BENEFITS s SALARIES s SALARY s SECTOR MINISTRIES s SENIOR s SOCIAL SERVICES s STATE BUDGET s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s TRADE UNION s TRADE UNIONS s TRANSPARENCY s VALUABLE s WAGE s WAGE EXPENDITURE s WAGE GAP s WAGE GAPS s WAGE POLICY s WAGES s WORTH English en_US This note focuses on some of the key problems confronting the civil and public service in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), in particular the reform of the wage system and the impact of the decentralization process on civil service reform. It was produced by the World Bank in collaboration with the ministries of public service and budget, as well as with experts of the Cooperation Technique Belge (CTB). The paper is based on an in-depth analysis of the Congolese public service system, published in a separate note, as well as on a series of analytical papers on the decentralization process in DRC, which are available separately. It also incorporates feed-back and comments received during a presentation at the National Forum on Decentralization that was held in Kinshasa, October 3-5, 2007. This analytical paper offers several options aimed at solving the problems that have been identified and discusses in detail the three issues relating to the current reform agenda that are now the key to resolving the fundamental issues below: 1. the impact of the decentralization process on the organization and management of the civil service; 2. the reform of the wage system and, linked to that, the rationalization of the number of civil servants 40 17-11-21 00:18:59.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873063 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19528 Volltext, Open Access

1759728500

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:24.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728500 OCoLC 1255600766 WBOKR 18921 EBP 064561240 KEP 064561240 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18921 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Democratic Republic of Congo Reforming the Public Service Wage System Background Paper World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Africa Congo, Democratic Republic of s ABUSES s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE DECENTRALIZATION s ADMINISTRATIVE REFORM s ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITIES s BEST PRACTICES s BUDGET FORMULATION s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY BUILDING ACTIVITIES s CIVIL SERVANT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE REFORM s CORRUPTION s DEVOLUTION s DISCRETION s DISMISSAL s DRIVERS s EDUCATIONAL LEVEL s EMPLOYMENT LEVELS s EMPLOYMENT POLICIES s EQUALIZATION s ETHICS s EXECUTIVE BRANCH s FEDERAL GOVERNMENT s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES s HOUSING s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INITIATIVE s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS s INSTITUTIONAL SETTING s JOBS s JUSTICE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR LAW s LABOR LEGISLATION s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LAWS s LEADERSHIP s LEGAL ENTITIES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LICENSES s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL AUTONOMY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES s MINISTER s MINISTERS s MUNICIPALITIES s PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT s PERFORMANCE MONITORING s POLICE s POLITICAL APPOINTEES s POLITICAL AUTHORITY s POLITICIANS s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES s PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PROVISIONS s PSE s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM s PUBLIC EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC GOVERNANCE s PUBLIC MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC OFFICIALS s PUBLIC ORDER s PUBLIC PERSONNEL s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT REFORM s PUBLIC SECTOR PAY s PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM s PUBLIC SECTOR STAFF s PUBLIC SECTOR WAGE s PUBLIC SECTOR WAGE BILL s PUBLIC SERVANTS s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SERVICE REFORM s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC WORKS s REGIONAL GOVERNMENT s REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS s REMEDIES s RETIREMENT s RULE OF LAW s SERVICE DELIVERY s SKILLED WORKERS s STATE COMMISSION s STATE GOVERNMENTS s STATE INSTITUTIONS s STATE LAW s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s TAX s TRANSPARENCY s WAGE COMPRESSION s WAGE LEVELS s WAGE NEGOTIATIONS s WAGE POLICIES s WAGE POLICY s WAGE RATE s WAGE RATES s WORKERS English en_US The civil service management model in the Demorcatic Republic of Congo (DRC) still conforms to the old institutional order. The legislation governing employment in the public sector is unchanged and still responds to centralized administration. The public administration categorizes public employees in two main groups: civil servants and local public employees. Civil servants are governed by legislation that is neither merit based nor performance and result oriented. Local public employees are governed by labor legislation. Decentralization also requires the definition of a salary system for the new provincial administrations. For the first six months of the establishment of the provincial Civil Service, the same salary paid to the State civil servants should be ensured and paid to the provincial civil servants by the State administration. The provinces would not have yet established adequate financial coverage and mechanisms to ensure regular payments. While the provincial administrations are being consolidated (maximum 2 years), new legislation for public sub national service should be established including norms on wages. Such legislation should be in line with the national civil service legislation regarding principles and standards. The DRC Government is faced with five main challenges: 1) To modernize the Civil Service system and amend its legislation to elevate it to improved standards of efficiency in service delivery and human resources management. These can be achieved by instilling values including merit, results, performance, and professionalization. 2) To fill the normative vacuum by setting rules and procedures to manage the new decentralized Civil Service. 3) To establish interactive consultation tools and procedures among all levels of public administration. 4) To harmonize the national and sub-national Civil Services with the new constitutional order. 5) To make the public administration a more attractive employer for young skilled professionals by reforming and improving the public sector wage system through systematic and sound reform measures 40 17-11-21 00:18:59.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873071 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18921 Volltext, Open Access

1759728519

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:24.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728519 OCoLC 1255600634 WBOKR 19527 EBP 064561232 KEP 064561232 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19527 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Decentralization in the Democratic Republic of Congo Opportunities and Risks European Commission VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Africa Congo, Democratic Republic of s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS s ACCOUNTING s ADDITIONAL PAYMENT s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY s ADMINISTRATIVE FEE s ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE s ADMINISTRATIVE SUPERVISION s ALLOCATION s ARTICLE s AUDIT INSTITUTIONS s BASE WAGE s BASE WAGES s BASIC COSTS s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGETING s CALCULATION s CALCULATIONS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CENTRAL AUTHORITIES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM s COLLECTION AGENCIES s CONTRIBUTION s CONTRIBUTIONS s CREDIBILITY s CURRICULA s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS s DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE s DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENTS s DEVOLUTION s DOMESTIC REVENUE s EDUCATION EXPENDITURES s EDUCATION REFORM s EDUCATION SYSTEM s ENTITLEMENTS s EQUALIZATION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE ASSIGNMENT s EXPENDITURE ASSIGNMENTS s EXPENDITURE CATEGORIES s EXPENDITURE OBLIGATIONS s EXPENDITURE RESPONSIBILITIES s FEE COLLECTION s FINANCES s FINANCIAL CONTROL s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT CAPACITY s FINANCIAL RELATIONS s FISCAL ARRANGEMENTS s FISCAL BURDENS s FISCAL CAPACITY s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL REVENUE s FISCAL TRANSFERS s FRAUD s GENERAL PUBLIC s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSING s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME s INCOME DISPARITIES s INCOME LEVELS s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL ECONOMIES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL LEVEL s LUMP SUM s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATIONAL EXPENDITURE s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL INVESTMENTS s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES s OVERHEAD COST s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PAYROLL SYSTEM s PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT s PROGRAMS s PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATION s PROVINCIAL EXPENDITURES s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PROVINCIAL OFFICIALS s PROVINCIAL REVENUES s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCE LAW s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT SPENDING s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC OFFICIALS s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM s PUBLIC SECTOR WAGE s PUBLIC SECTOR WAGE BILL s PUBLIC SERVANTS s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SERVICE REFORM s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUANTITATIVE DATA s REAL COST s REFORM AGENDA s REFORM PROCESS s REFORM STRATEGY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RETIREMENT s REVENUE ASSIGNMENTS s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE MANAGEMENT s REVENUE PROJECTIONS s REVENUE SHARING s REVENUE SOURCES s REVENUE TRANSFERS s SALARIES s SALARY s SALARY PAYMENTS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SENIOR s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE EMPLOYMENT s SOCIAL SERVICES s SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTIONS s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAXPAYERS s TRADE UNIONS s TRANSPARENCY s UNCERTAINTY s URBAN PLANNING s VALUABLE s VOTERS s WAGE s WAGE COSTS s WAGE EXPENDITURE s WAGE EXPENDITURES s WAGE POLICY s WAGES English en_US The aim of this summary note is to highlight the technical complexity of the decentralization process in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) as well as the risks and opportunities inherent in it. It also provides a review of the in-depth work conducted on the fiscal aspects of the decentralization process, which is crucial to obtain an understanding of the real life impact of the "40 percent" rule and the difficulties inherent in its practical application. It also provides an overview of potential solutions to the dilemmas faces by Democratic Republic of Congo's (DRC's) policy makers. In this regard, this note will review four key aspects of the decentralization process (fiscal aspects and competency transfers, human resource issues and capacity development, legal supervision issues, public investment management and the equalization fund) as well as a transversal analysis of the impact of these four aspects of the process on the education sector. This note, which is the result of joint work by experts from the World Bank and the European commission, considers technical aspects of the various elements of the decentralization debate 40 17-11-21 00:18:59.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987308X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19527 Volltext, Open Access

1759728527

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:24.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728527 OCoLC 1255600397 WBOKR 19526 EBP 064561224 KEP 064561224 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19526 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Trade Issues in East Asia, January 2008 Overcoming Trade Barriers from Standards and Technical Regulations World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific s ABBREVIATIONS s ACCESSION s ACCREDITATION s ACCREDITATIONS s ANNUAL REPORT s ARRANGEMENT s ARRANGEMENTS s ARTICLE s ARTICLES s ASSESSMENT RESULTS s AUDITING s BARRIERS TO IMPORTS s BILATERAL AGREEMENTS s BINDING s COMMON MARKET s COMMON STANDARDS s COMPETENT AUTHORITIES s COMPETENT AUTHORITY s COMPETITORS s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS s COMPUTERS s CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT s CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES s CONSULTATION s CONSULTATION PROCESS s CONSULTATIVE COMMITTEE s CONSUMER GOODS s CONTENTS s CONTROL SYSTEMS s COST OF COMPLIANCE s CUSTOMS s DEVELOPING STANDARDS s DIRECTIVES s DISCRIMINATORY MEASURES s DISPUTE SETTLEMENT s DIVERGENT STANDARDS s DOCUMENTS s DOMESTIC FIRMS s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC STANDARDS s ECONOMIC COMMUNITY s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ENTRY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORTING COUNTRY s FOOD SAFETY STANDARDS s FOREIGN FIRMS s FOREIGN PRODUCERS s FOREIGN STANDARD s FOREIGN STANDARDS s FOREIGN SUPPLIERS s FORMAL RECOGNITION s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENT s FREE TRADE AREA s GLOBAL PRODUCTION s GLOBAL PRODUCTION CHAINS s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION s HARMONIZATION s ICT s IMPORTED GOODS s IMPORTING COUNTRIES s IMPORTING COUNTRY s INCOME COUNTRIES s INFORMATION EXCHANGE s INTEGRATION EFFORTS s INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION s INTERNATIONAL NORMS s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ORGANIZATION s INTRA-ASEAN TRADE s INTRA-REGIONAL TRADE s LABOR STANDARDS s LEGAL IMPLICATIONS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LEGISLATION s LOCAL FIRMS s LOCAL PRODUCERS s MANDATORY STANDARDS s MARKET ACCESS s MEMBER COUNTRIES s MEMBER COUNTRY s MEMBER STATES s MINISTERS s MULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS s MULTILATERAL FRAMEWORK s MULTILATERAL LEVEL s MUTUAL RECOGNITION s MUTUAL RECOGNITION AGREEMENT s MUTUAL RECOGNITION AGREEMENTS s NATIONAL LEGISLATION s NATIONAL STANDARDS s NATIONAL STANDARDS BODIES s NATIONAL TREATMENT s NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES s NON-TARIFF BARRIERS s NON-TARIFF MEASURES s NONTARIFF BARRIERS s PACIFIC REGION s PERMITS s POLICY OBJECTIVES s POST-MARKET SURVEILLANCE s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCT BASIS s PRODUCT CATEGORIES s PRODUCT CERTIFICATION s PRODUCT LIABILITY s PRODUCT SPECIFIC s PRODUCT STANDARDS s PRODUCTION PROCESS s PUBLIC GOOD s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLISHING s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY MANAGEMENT s QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s QUALITY STANDARDS s REFERENCE MATERIALS s REGIONAL APPROACH s REGIONAL APPROACHES s REGIONAL BODIES s REGIONAL LEVEL s REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS s REGIONAL STANDARDS s REGIONAL TRADE s REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS s REGISTRY s REGULATIONS POLICY s REGULATORS s REGULATORY AGENCIES s REGULATORY APPROVAL s REGULATORY AUTHORITIES s REGULATORY BURDEN s REGULATORY EFFORT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY OBJECTIVES s REGULATORY PRACTICE s REGULATORY REFORM s REGULATORY REGIME s REGULATORY REGIMES s REGULATORY SCHEME s RESEARCHER s RULES s SAFETY s SAFETY CONCERNS s SAFETY REQUIREMENTS s SAFETY STANDARDS s STANDARD SETTING s STANDARDIZATION s STANDARDS AGENCIES s STANDARDS REGIMES s STANDARDS SYSTEMS s TECHNICAL BARRIERS s TECHNICAL PROCEDURES s TECHNICAL REGULATION s TECHNICAL REGULATIONS s TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS s TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS s TECHNICAL STANDARDS s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s THIRD-COUNTRY IMPORTS s TRADE BARRIERS s TRADE FLOWS s TRADING PARTNERS s TRANSPARENCY s UNILATERAL ADOPTION s VAN s VENDORS s VOLUNTARY STANDARDS s WEBSITE s WORLD TRADE English en_US This paper is about trade issues in East Asia. One of the most important non-tariff measures is regulations and standards aimed at securing the safety and or quality of products, labeling requirements and protection of the environment. Standards are now recognized as a trade issue since they determine market access. The use of standards by governments to meet public health and safety objectives and by the private sector to meet market-driven consumer and industrial objectives is important for economic development. Standards provide information on the quality and reliability of a product that may not be readily observable and thus reduce uncertainty and contribute to increased trade. Standards have become a key element in facilitating trade within and between countries since in order for a good to be traded it must comply with the agreed standard. This applies to both mandatory standards required by governments and voluntary standards set by industry associations and other non-state actors. Recognizing the potential of diverging national technical regulations to hinder trade flows, the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) has taken steps to eliminate such barriers in the sectors it considers important for economic integration. The sector that will be the first to have a fully harmonized regulatory regime across ASEAN countries will be cosmetics, starting in January 2008. The new regulation primarily involves broadly defined common safety requirements and a new approach to risk management, which does away with the requirement of pre-market approval for cosmetics products and introduces instead a system of post-market surveillance. In doing so, the new directive shifts to a great extent the responsibility of ensuring safety from the government to the private sector 40 17-11-21 00:18:59.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873098 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19526 Volltext, Open Access

1759728535

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:24.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728535 OCoLC 1255600795 WBOKR 18911 EBP 064561216 KEP 064561216 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18911 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Romania Strengthening Inclusion and Improving Effectiveness for Social Assistance Benefits World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ABSOLUTE TERMS s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s BENEFICIARY HOUSEHOLDS s CASH TRANSFERS s CHILD ALLOWANCES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EU s FAMILIES s FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN s FAMILY ALLOWANCES s FAMILY BENEFITS s FARMERS s GDP s GMI s GUARANTEED MINIMUM INCOME s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s INCOME s INCOME SHOCKS s INCOME SUPPORT s INEQUALITY s PENSION s POOR s POVERTY DYNAMICS s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY RISK s PROGRAMS s REDUCING POVERTY s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL POOR s SAFETY NET s SAVINGS s SMALL FARMERS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s TARGETING s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WILL English en_US Despite the overall successful picture of sustained economic growth, a significant share of Romanians live in absolute poverty and deep pockets of poverty still remain, pointing to the need of more inclusive and effective social safety nets. During recent years Romania made efforts to redistribute the benefits of growth by keeping constant the share of GDP devoted to social protection; still, the per capita expenditure on the main social assistance benefits is amongst the lowest in EU. Compared with the EU average, Romania has a good mix of targeted/ non-targeted social assistance programs, but they provide only a modest protection of the poor against income vulnerability, and at a relatively high cost. Taken together, the safety net benefits cover 71 percent of the poor. Some key issues and challenges for Romania are: The 'leakages' of social assistance cash transfers has increased, while performance in covering the poverty gap weakened. Spending on poverty targeted programs has decreased relative to GDP and so has the capability of these benefits to adequately cover the basic needs of the poor. The high number of programs and the heterogeneity of the eligibility thresholds/criteria for different benefits translate into a rather fragmented and difficult to monitor system of social assistance benefits. The report describes several policy options or recommendations, among them: Strengthen social inclusion by increasing access of the poor to social assistance benefits. Improve effectiveness by further consolidation of the system and improved monitoring. Strengthen the linkages between social assistance, education, and labor policies 40 17-11-21 00:18:59.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873101 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18911 Volltext, Open Access

1759728543

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:24.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728543 OCoLC 1255600796 WBOKR 18912 EBP 064561208 KEP 064561208 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18912 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Romania Pensions Policy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s AVERAGE WAGE s AVERAGE WAGES s BASIC PENSION s BENEFIT ADJUSTMENTS s BENEFIT FORMULA s BENEFIT INDEXATION s BENEFIT LEVELS s BENEFIT RATES s CONTRIBUTION BASE s CONTRIBUTION RATE s CONTRIBUTION RATES s DEFICITS s DISABILITY s DISABILITY PENSIONS s EARLY RETIREMENT s EARNING s ELDERLY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT s EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES s EU s FINANCES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL DEFICIT s FORMAL PENSION s FORMAL PENSION SYSTEM s FUNDED ACCOUNT s GENDER s GENDER EQUITY s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GROSS REPLACEMENT RATES s GROSS WAGE s GROSS WAGES s HEALTH INSURANCE s HIGH WAGE s HOME s INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS s INFLATION s INFLATION INDEXATION s INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT s INFORMAL SECTOR s INFORMATION MANAGEMENT s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CRISIS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s JOBS s LABOR COSTS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LEGISLATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVING STANDARDS s MALE WORKERS s MARKET ECONOMY s MINIMUM INCOME s PAYROLL TAXES s PENSION s PENSION ADMINISTRATION s PENSION BENEFITS s PENSION CONTRIBUTION s PENSION COVERAGE s PENSION EXPENDITURES s PENSION FUND s PENSION PLAN s PENSION SCHEME s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEM REFORMS s PENSIONERS s PENSIONS s PRICE INDEXATION s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE PENSION FUNDS s PRIVATE PILLAR s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC PENSIONS s RATE OF RETURN s REAL WAGE s REPLACEMENT RATE s REPLACEMENT RATES s RETIREES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT AGE s RETIREMENT AGES s RETIREMENT BENEFITS s RETIREMENT INCOME s REVENUE COLLECTION s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL PROTECTION s STATE ENTERPRISES s TAX s UNEMPLOYMENT s WAGE GROWTH s WILL s WORKER s WORKER CONTRIBUTIONS s WORKERS English en_US This report discusses pension reform which took place in 2001 as a result of deficits which began in the 1990s. Important changes included increasing retirement ages, and the introduction of a new point based benefit formula, taking into account the entire work history of the employee, in order to strengthen the link between contributions and benefits. These actions improved pension system financial performance sufficiently to achieve a slight surplus in 2006 and 2007. Despite progress in pension system reforms, the combination of recent increases in benefit levels, the aging of the population, and the absence of a rule for benefit indexation has once again brought the system s long term financial sustainability into question. Some other challenges: high contribution rates spur the growth of informal employment; low retirement ages increase fiscal pressures; and the possibility of generous early retirement provides incentive for workers to leave formal sector employment. The report suggests several policy options to improve the pension situation, the first of which is to increase the retirement age. The report ends with annexes 40 17-11-21 00:18:59.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987311X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18912 Volltext, Open Access

1759728551

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728551 OCoLC 1255600770 WBOKR 18910 EBP 064561194 KEP 064561194 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18910 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Romania Health Sector Policy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s ABUSE s ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ACUTE CARE s ACUTE CARE HOSPITALS s AGED s AMBULATORY CARE s ANESTHESIA s BANDAGES s BEDS s BLOCK CONTRACTS s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s CANCER s CAPITATION s CAPITATION SYSTEM s CHRONIC DISEASES s CLINICAL PATHWAYS s COMPETITION BETWEEN HOSPITALS s DEMAND FOR HEALTH s DIABETES s DISABILITY s DOCTORS s DOCTORS IN CHARGE s DRUG LIST s DRUGS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMERGENCIES s EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRANSITION s EQUITY IN ACCESS s EXISTING INEQUITIES s EXPENDITURES s FEE FOR SERVICE s FEE-FOR-SERVICE s FEMALE LIFE EXPECTANCY s FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS s FINANCIAL IMPACT s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FIXED COSTS s GENERIC DRUGS s HEALTH ACT s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE COSTS s HEALTH CARE DELIVERY s HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH CARE SYSTEM s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH FOR ALL s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH INSURANCE FUND s HEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEM s HEALTH INSURERS s HEALTH LAWS s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH PROFESSIONALS s HEALTH PROFESSIONS s HEALTH PROGRAMS s HEALTH REFORMS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICE s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SPENDING s HEALTH STATUS s HEALTH SYSTEM s HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HEALTHCARE s HOSPITAL s HOSPITAL BEDS s HOSPITAL CARE s HOSPITAL SECTOR s HOSPITAL SERVICES s HOSPITAL SPENDING s HOSPITALS s HUMAN RESOURCES s HYGIENE s IMMIGRATION s INCOME s INCOME GROUPS s INDUCED DEMAND s INEQUITIES s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INFECTIOUS DISEASES s INFORMAL PAYMENTS s INPATIENT CARE s INTEGRATION s INTERVENTION s LABOR MARKET s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEVEL OF HEALTH SPENDING s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVE BIRTHS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL ECONOMY s LOW INCOME s MALPRACTICE s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MEDIA ATTENTION s MEDICAL EDUCATION s MEDICAL EQUIPMENT s MEDICAL FACILITIES s MEDICAL FACILITY s MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS s MEDICAL SUPPLIES s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s NATIONAL HEALTH s NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE s NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE FUND s NATIONAL POLICIES s NEONATAL MORTALITY s NURSES s NUTRITION s OUTPATIENT CARE s PATIENT s PATIENT RIGHTS s PATIENTS s PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES s PHARMACEUTICAL SECTOR s PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICES s PHARMACIES s PHARMACY s PHYSICIANS s POCKET PAYMENTS s PRACTITIONERS s PRIMARY CARE s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIVATE HEALTH INSURANCE s PRIVATE HEALTH INSURERS s PRIVATE INSURERS s PROGRESS s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH INSURANCE s PUBLIC SPENDING s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY IMPROVEMENT s QUALITY OF CARE s QUALITY OF SERVICES s RACIAL DISCRIMINATION s REGIONAL HOSPITAL s REIMBURSABLE DRUG s REIMBURSABLE DRUGS s RESPECT s RURAL AREAS s SAFE WATER s SANITATION s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE QUALITY s SUPPLY OF DOCTORS s SURGERY s TRANSPORTATION s TREATMENTS s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AREAS s USE OF RESOURCES s VACCINATION s VACCINATIONS s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WASTE s WORKFORCE pha English en_US Many of Romania's basic health indicators have shown steady improvement since the 1970s. Both male and female life expectancy has gone up, and infant and maternal mortality have declined. Despite this progress, Romania still faces considerable challenges in improving the overall health status of its population. The overarching challenge for the next Romanian government is how to improve equity in access to better quality health care services in a financially sustainable manner. To achieve this goal, the government will need to consider not only overall funding levels, but also further changes to the composition of health sector funding, the distribution and organization of service delivery, accountability and decisions regarding who pays for what services, and incentive mechanisms to improve service quality. The likelihood of an economic slowdown and corresponding pressure on government budgets means that containing health care costs while simultaneously seeking ways to improve the equity, quality and efficiency of care will be paramount. The report ends with several policy options or recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:19:00.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873128 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18910 Volltext, Open Access

175972856X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:24.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972856X OCoLC 1255600819 WBOKR 18913 EBP 064561186 KEP 064561186 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18913 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Romania Education and Skills for EU Integration World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE s ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION s ADULT EDUCATION s ADULT TRAINING s ADULTS s BINDING s COMPLETION RATES s CONTINUOUS EDUCATION s CURRICULUM s DEGREES s DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS s EDUCATED WORKERS s EDUCATION MANAGERS s EDUCATION OPPORTUNITIES s EDUCATION POLICIES s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION QUALITY s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION STRATEGY s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ENROLLMENT GAP s GENERAL EDUCATION s GROWTH IN ENROLLMENT s HIGH SCHOOL s HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES s HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR s HUMAN RESOURCES s INTERVENTIONS s KINDERGARTEN s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s LABOR FORCE s LEARNING s LEARNING ACTIVITIES s LITERACY s MATHEMATICS s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s PARTICIPATION IN EDUCATION s PARTICIPATION RATES s PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES s PRIVATE UNIVERSITY s PROVISION OF EDUCATION s PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s RURAL EDUCATION s RURAL SCHOOLS s SANITATION s SCHOLARSHIP SCHEME s SCHOLARSHIPS s SCHOOL DROP s SCHOOL DROP-OUT RATES s SCHOOL DROPOUTS s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY STUDENTS s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s STUDENT ASSESSMENTS s STUDENT LOAN s STUDENT LOAN SCHEME s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT POPULATIONS s TEACHER s TEACHER SALARIES s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHERS s TENURE s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY LEVEL s TEST SCORES s TRAINING NEEDS s TUTORING s WORKERS s WORKING HOURS s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUTH English en_US To meet its ambitious EU income convergence ambitions, Romania's labor market will need more and better-educated workers. Producing such workers, however, will be especially challenging, given the projected decline in young people who, traditionally, are the focus of education and training systems for the creation of new skills in the economy. Enrollment in upper secondary education is lower than in many other EU countries, and is mainly a problem of retaining socio-economically disadvantaged students. This policy note is specifically targeted towards linkages between education and the skills needed for labor force development in the context of EU integration. Other linkages worth mention include the need to put in place incentives for more students to enter the medical professions at the tertiary level, in order to meet the forecast personnel shortages in this area. Policy options to boost enrollment in upper secondary should be targeted to the weakest students. Policy measures initiated in the nineties have stagnated over the last years and need to be continued by: Improving the quality and relevance of the curriculum to ensure a competence-based approach and relevance of skills for school graduates, personal development and knowledge economy; and revising the teacher training policies and assessment and evaluation procedures to align them to a competence-based curriculum, as the barometer of change of the education system 40 17-11-21 00:19:00.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873136 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18913 Volltext, Open Access

1759728578

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:24.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728578 OCoLC 1255600820 WBOKR 19523 EBP 064561178 KEP 064561178 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19523 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Economic Impact of the Political Crisis in Kenya 2008 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Africa Kenya s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURE s AUCTION s BALANCE OF PAYMENT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK RATE s BASIS POINTS s BID s BUDGETARY SUPPORT s BUSES s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL ASSETS s CENTRAL BANK s COMMODITIES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION LEVELS s CREDIT ASSOCIATIONS s CREDIT RATING s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEFAULTS s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICIES s EQUIPMENT s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT VOLUMES s EXPORTS s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FISCAL CONSTRAINT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FOOD PRICES s FORECASTS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s GDP s GLOBAL SLOWDOWN s GLOBAL TRADE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT PAPER s GROWTH PROJECTIONS s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HIGH ENERGY s HOLDINGS s IMPORT s IMPORT DEMAND s IMPORTS s INCOMES s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION TARGET s INTEREST RATES s INTEREST RATES ON TREASURY BILLS s INTERNATIONAL CURRENCIES s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s LAND OWNERSHIP s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY CONDITIONS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LONG-TERM LOCAL CURRENCY s LORRIES s LOSS OF CONFIDENCE s MAJOR CURRENCIES s MICRO CREDIT s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKETS s MONEY SUPPLY s NATIONAL OUTPUT s OIL PRICES s OUTPUT s PHYSICAL ASSETS s POLITICAL SENTIMENT s POLITICAL STABILITY s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE INCREASES s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE VEHICLES s PRIVATIZATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s RAILWAY s REAL APPRECIATION s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REGULATOR s RELATIVE PRICES s REPAYMENTS s REPO s REPO RATE s RESETTLEMENT s RETURN s RETURNS s ROAD s ROAD NETWORK s ROADS s ROUTES s SETTLEMENT s SLOWDOWN s SOCIAL CAPITAL s STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS s SUPPLY CONSTRAINTS s SUPPLY-SIDE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORTATION s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILL RATE s UNCERTAINTIES s VALUE ADDED s WORLD PRICES English en_US This note reviews the performance of key sectors of the Kenyan economy after the power-sharing arrangement of 2008. Declines in the agricultural, manufacturing, and services sectors considered in this note are estimates. Data collected and information interpreted provides picture of the broad orders of magnitude anticipated of the economic decline. Assuming that the power-sharing arrangement holds and the country returns to normalcy, a base case economic growth rate of about 3 percent could be expected for 2008. If a credible set of measures is steadily implemented and the fiscal constraint is managed well, these could add 1-1.5 percentage points to the base case rate of 3 percent. On the downside, continued sporadic ethnic violence, inability of coalition government to reach key decisions, and lack of donor support could result in zero or negative growth rates in 2008. The note is organized as follows. Sections I and II present the macro effects of the crisis and sectoral developments which are then used to calculate the real output expectations in 2008, as well as discuss factors that would determine the extent to which longer term prospects also are affected. Section III focuses on the poverty situation. Fiscal issues are taken up in section IV. External accounts are discussed in section V. Financial markets and issues related to investor confidence are in section VI 40 17-11-21 00:19:00.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873144 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19523 Volltext, Open Access

1759728586

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:24.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728586 OCoLC 1255600846 WBOKR 18924 EBP 06456116X KEP 06456116X 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18924 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Guidelines to Mainstream Gender in Transport Projects Luz Caballero VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource s ABDUCTION s ACCESS OF WOMEN s ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT s ACCESS TO HEALTH s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO RESOURCES s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCIDENTS s ACTIVE TRANSPORT s AMBULANCES s ANIMAL TRACTION s ASPHALT s AWARENESS TRAINING s BENEFITS FOR WOMEN s BICYCLES s BIKE PATHS s BIKE RIDING s BIKES s BRIDGES s BULLDOZERS s BUS s BUS OPERATORS s BUS SERVICE s BUS SERVICES s BUS STOPS s BUS TERMINAL s BUSES s CANTILEVER s CAR s CARS s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD TRAFFICKING s COMMUNITY SAFETY s COMMUTERS s CONCRETE s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION SITES s COSTS OF TRANSPORT s CROSSING s CROSSWALKS s CRUSHING s CULVERTS s DEMAND FOR TRANSPORTATION s DISCRIMINATION s DOMESTIC TRANSPORT s DRIVERS s DRIVERS TRAINING s DRIVING s DRUNK DRIVERS s EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN s FARES s FEMALE CANDIDATES s FEMALE DRIVERS s FEMALE EMPLOYMENT s FEMALE FARMERS s FEMALE STUDENTS s FEMALE TEACHERS s FEMALE WORKERS s FRAMEWORK s FREE BIKES s FUEL s GENDER s GENDER ACTION s GENDER ANALYSIS s GENDER ASPECTS s GENDER ASPECTS IN RELATION s GENDER ASSESSMENT s GENDER ASSESSMENTS s GENDER AWARENESS s GENDER AWARENESS TRAINING s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER FOCAL POINT s GENDER FOCAL POINTS s GENDER FOCUS s GENDER ISSUES s GENDER MAINSTREAMING s GENDER MAINSTREAMING EFFORTS s GENDER PERSPECTIVE s GENDER ROLES s GENDER SPECIFIC s GENDER STUDIES s GIRLS s HEAVY VEHICLES s HIGHER FARES s HIGHWAYS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMAN TRAFFICKING s IMT s INCOME s INFORMAL SECTOR s INFORMAL TRANSPORT s INFRASTRUCTURES s INTERMEDIATE MEANS OF TRANSPORT s INTERURBAN ROADS s INTERURBAN TRANSPORT s JETTIES s JOURNEYS s LABOR MARKET s LABORERS s LANDSCAPING s LOADING s LOCAL TRANSPORT s LOW-INCOME USERS s MATERNAL HEALTH s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNITY LEAVE s MEANS OF TRANSPORT s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF WOMEN s MOBILITY s MOBILITY CONSTRAINTS s MOTORIZED TRANSPORT s NMT s PASSENGER s PASSENGER-MILE s PASSENGERS s PAVEMENTS s PEAK HOURS s PEDESTRIAN s PEDESTRIAN ACCESSIBILITY s PEDESTRIAN INFRASTRUCTURE s PEDESTRIAN WALKWAYS s PEDESTRIANS s POLICE s POOR WOMEN s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRODUCTIVITY s PROMOTION OF GENDER EQUALITY s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s RADIO s RAPE s RATE OF RETURN s REGIONAL PLANNING s RETAINING WALLS s ROAD s ROAD CONSTRUCTION s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD LOADING s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD NETWORKS s ROAD REHABILITATION s ROAD SAFETY s ROAD SECTOR s ROAD TOLL s ROLE OF WOMEN s ROUTE s ROUTES s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL MOBILITY s RURAL ROADS s RURAL TRANSPORT s RURAL TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL TRAVEL s RURAL WOMEN s SAFE DRIVING s SAFETY s SAFETY CAMPAIGNS s SERVICE STATIONS s SEXES s SEXUAL HARASSMENT s SHARING s SIDEWALKS s SIGNALIZATION s SLOW TRAFFIC s SPEED s SPEED BUMPS s STONE s STRATEGIC GENDER NEEDS s STREET CLEANERS s STREET LIGHTS s STREETS s SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT s TAXI DRIVERS s TAXI SERVICES s TAXIS s TOLL s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONTROLLERS s TRAFFIC LANES s TRAFFIC POLICE s TRAFFIC SIGNALS s TRAILERS s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT ACTIVITY s TRANSPORT AGENCIES s TRANSPORT CONDITIONS s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT OPERATIONS s TRANSPORT PLANNERS s TRANSPORT POLICIES s TRANSPORT PROJECTS s TRANSPORT RESEARCH s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICE s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORT STRATEGY s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORT TERMINALS s TRANSPORTATION PROJECTS s TRANSPORTATION SERVICES s TRAVEL TIME s TRAVELERS s TRIP s TRIP SPEEDS s TRIPS s TRUCK DRIVERS s TRUCKS s UNIFEM s UNITED NATIONS s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN PROJECTS s URBAN ROADS s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECT s URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECTS s URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s URBAN TRANSPORTATION s URBAN WOMEN s VEHICLE s VEHICLE OPERATING s VEHICLE OPERATING COSTS s VEHICLES s VIOLENCE s WALKING s WEALTH s WOMEN CANDIDATES s WOMEN EMPLOYMENT s WOMEN HEAD OF HOUSEHOLDS s WOMEN WORKERS s WORKING WOMEN English en_US The consideration of gender in transport is essential to ensure that transport is equitable, affordable, and provides access to resources and opportunities required for development. This note aims to provide guidance for mainstreaming gender into transport projects. It provides examples of how to do this, in relation to the various transport modes used in development operations by the World Bank, and well-known good practices in this area. The note is based on a number of key studies and projects from the World Bank and partner organizations, including the EU and UN. It highlights a number of constraints that women face in accessing transport infrastructure and services, as well as examples of interventions that could circumvent these constraints. Also, it identifies employment and participatory opportunities where women could play a role in the planning and implementation of transport operations. The information provided is not meant to be exhaustive but simply to draw attention to the most basic gender aspects in relation to transport 40 17-11-21 00:19:00.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873152 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18924 Volltext, Open Access

1759728594

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:24.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728594 OCoLC 1255600813 WBOKR 18908 EBP 064561151 KEP 064561151 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18908 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Maximizing the Outreach of Microfinance in Nepal The Case for a Central Technology Platform World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Nepal South Asia s ACCESS TO CAPITAL s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES s ACCESS TO FORMAL FINANCE s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s ADB s AFFORDABILITY s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BANK s ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING s APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER s AUDITING s B2B s B2C s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK BRANCHES s BANK CREDIT s BANK LOANS s BANKING MODELS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SERVICES s BANKING SYSTEM s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BORROWER s BUSINESS PLAN s BUSINESS-TO-BUSINESS s BUSINESS-TO-CUSTOMER s C2C s CAPACITY BUILDING s CDS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS s CLEARING HOUSE s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL LOANS s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s CONNECTIVITY s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT BUREAUS s CREDIT FACILITY s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT INFORMATION BUREAU s CREDIT MECHANISMS s CREDIT POLICY s CREDIT PROGRAMS s CREDIT PROVISION s CREDIT UNION s CREDIT-WORTHINESS s CUSTOMER BASE s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS s DEPOSIT PRODUCTS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT BANKS s DEVELOPMENT CENTER s DIGITAL NETWORK s DONOR FUNDS s E-COMMERCE s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC REFORMS s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ELECTRONIC DATA s ELECTRONIC FORM s ELECTRONIC FUNDS s ELECTRONIC FUNDS TRANSFER s ELECTRONIC FUNDS TRANSFER POINT OF SALE s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXCLUSION s EXPENDITURE s EXPLOITATION s FAMILIES s FAMILY INCOME s FARMERS s FINANCE COMPANIES s FINANCIAL ACCESS s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL DATA s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL REFORM s FINANCIAL REGULATORS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SERVICES FOR LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FORMAL FINANCIAL INDUSTRY s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FORMAL FINANCIAL MARKET s FORMAL FINANCIAL SECTOR s FORMAL FINANCIAL SERVICES s GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEMS s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GPS s GROUP GUARANTEE s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s ICT s INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES s INDEBTEDNESS s INFORMAL BORROWING s INFORMATION NETWORK s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT s INNOVATIONS s INSTALLMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES s INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER s ISPS s KEY CHALLENGE s KEY CHALLENGES s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDER s LIMITED ACCESS s LOAN s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOAN OFFICER s LOAN OFFICERS s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOAN PRODUCTS s LOANABLE FUNDS s MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS s MARKET OUTREACH s MARKET REACH s MFI s MFIS s MICRO FINANCE s MICROCREDIT s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MICROFINANCE LOAN s MICROINSURANCE s MONEY TRANSFER s MULTIPLE ACCESS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s OPERATIONAL COST s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OUTREACH s OUTSTANDING LOANS s OVERHEAD COSTS s PACKET RADIO s PACKET RADIO SERVICE s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s POINT OF SALE s POINT-OF-SALE s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFITABILITY s PROVISION OF CREDIT s PUBLIC FUNDS s RATES OF INTEREST s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY OVERSIGHT s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENTS s RETAINED EARNINGS s RURAL FINANCE s SAVINGS s SAVINGS PRODUCTS s SAVINGS SERVICES s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SMALL FARMER s SMALL FARMERS s SMART CARDS s SYSTEMIC RISK s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TECHNOLOGY DESIGN s TECHNOLOGY PLATFORM s TELECOM s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS AUTHORITY s TELEPHONE s TELEPHONE PENETRATION s TERRORISM s TRAINING CENTRE s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSLATION s UNION s UNIONS s UNIVERSAL ACCESS s VILLAGE s WHOLESALE FUNDING English en_US This report addresses the establishment of a centralized information and communication technology (ICT) platform for the microfinance sector in Nepal. It has been shown from international experience that ICT improves the efficiency, transparency, and outreach of microfinance institutions (MFIs) and reduces operational costs. There is an opportunity in Nepal to implement similar solutions, and this report provides information on these solutions and offers recommendations for implementing them in Nepal. The microfinance sector in Nepal has many players, but these players have shown few real successes. The sector is largely unsustainable, subsidy driven, and fragmented to the extent that it might not meet the real needs of the country. This report presents a new paradigm for introducing ICT in the microfinance sector of Nepal. The centralized technology platform was chosen as opposed to telecom-led platforms due to its ability to resolve most of the pertinent challenges that Nepal's microfinance sector faces. The paradigm can help remove most of the constraints that have limited the growth of MFIs and kept them from becoming sustainable, moving out to remote and rural areas, and providing more loans to those that need them. In the traditional paradigm, MFIs acquire ICT in an ad hoc fashion and are able to use it only partially to automate their operations 40 17-11-21 00:19:00.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873160 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18908 Volltext, Open Access

1759728608

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:17.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728608 OCoLC 1255600853 WBOKR 18922 EBP 064561143 KEP 064561143 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18922 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Egypt Development of a Load Management Program and Design of Time of Use/Seasonal Pricing Ltd Economic Consulting Associates VerfasserIn aut world Bank, Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURE s AVAILABILITY s AVERAGE COSTS s AVERAGE PRICE s AVERAGE TARIFF s BALANCE s BIDDING s CAPACITY SHORTAGES s CAPITAL COSTS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CHEMICAL PLANTS s COMMERCIAL CONNECTIONS s COMMERCIAL CUSTOMERS s CONTRACT DESIGN s COST ANALYSIS s COST EFFECTIVENESS s COST OF CAPITAL s COST OF ENERGY s CUSTOMER RESPONSIVENESS s CUSTOMER SATISFACTION s DECISION MAKING s DEMAND ELASTICITY s DEMAND FORECAST s DEMAND GROWTH s DEMAND PEAKS s DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT s DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM s DEMAND­SIDE MANAGEMENT s DIESEL s DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES s ECONOMETRICS s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC BENEFITS s ECONOMIC COSTS s ECONOMIC RESEARCH s ECONOMIC TERMS s ECONOMIC TESTS s ECONOMIC VALUE s ELASTICITY OF DEMAND s ELECTRIC GENERATION s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRICAL SYSTEM s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY BILL s ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION s ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY s ELECTRICITY INFRASTRUCTURE s ELECTRICITY PRICE s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY PRICING s ELECTRICITY RATES s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY SYSTEM s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s ELECTRONIC METERS s ENERGY CONSERVATION s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY MANAGEMENT s ENERGY PRICE s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY PRICING s ENERGY SAVINGS s EXPECTED VALUES s EXTERNALITIES s FINANCIAL RISK s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FIXED ASSETS s FUEL s FUEL COSTS s FUEL PRICES s FUELS s GENERATION s GENERATION CAPACITY s GENERATION EXPANSION s GENERATORS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT WELFARE s HOLDING COMPANY s HOUSEHOLD CUSTOMERS s HYDROPOWER s INDEXATION s INTERNATIONAL ENERGY s INVESTMENT COSTS s KEROSENE s LARGE CUSTOMERS s LNG s LOAD CURVE s LOAD FACTOR s LOAD MANAGEMENT s LOAD PATTERN s LOAD PROFILE s LOAD SHAPE s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANAGEMENT CONTRACTS s MARGINAL COST s MARGINAL COST OF ELECTRICITY s MARGINAL COSTS s MARKET SEGMENT s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET BENEFITS s NUMBER OF CUSTOMERS s OIL s OPPORTUNITY COST s PEAK DEMAND s PEAK LOAD s PEAK LOADS s PEAK TIMES s POLLUTION s POWER s POWER COMPANY s POWER CONTRACT s POWER INDUSTRY s POWER PLANTS s POWER PRODUCER s POWER PURCHASE s POWER PURCHASE CONTRACTS s POWER SECTOR s POWER SECTOR REFORM s POWER SHORTAGES s POWER SYSTEM s PRICE COMPARISONS s PRICE DIFFERENTIAL s PRICE ELASTICITY s PRICE LEVEL s PRICE LEVELS s PRICE PROJECTIONS s PRICE SCHEDULES s PRICE SIGNALS s PRICING MECHANISMS s PRICING SCHEME s PURCHASE OF ELECTRICITY s RAW MATERIAL s REBATE s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE ENERGIES s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION s RESIDENTIAL CONSUMERS s RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS s RESIDENTIAL LOAD s SALES s SPACE HEATING s SPOT PRICING s SUBSTATION INVESTMENTS s SUBSTITUTION s SUMMER PEAK s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY COST s SUPPLY COSTS s SURPLUS s TARIFF DESIGN s TARIFF INCREASES s TARIFF LEVELS s TARIFF RATES s TARIFF SETTING s TARIFF STRUCTURES s TOTAL SALES s TRANSMISSION CAPACITY s UTILITIES s UTILITY LOAD s VARIABLE COSTS s VOLATILITY s VOLTAGE pha English en_US The primary aim of load shifting or peak clipping is to lower the peak demand of the electricity system as a whole or for key parts of the network and thereby to reduce the need for investment in generation and transmission capacity and to lower electricity supply costs. The pricing mechanisms and contractual frameworks examined in the project include conventional Time Of Use (TOU) tariffs that vary by season, day of the week or time of the day as well as special TOU contracts (contracts with large consumers to adjust their regular maintenance activities and/or major annual maintenance), interruptible contracts, and TOU power purchase contracts (purchase of electricity from customers who have excess self-generation). This Final Report is structured as follows; Section 2 provides an overview of the process of TOU tariff setting and rate design, Sections 3 and 4 summarise the experience of TOU tariffs and load management contracts in the MENA region (Section 3) and internationally (Section 4), Section 5 summarises the methodologies used in the development of TOU pricing mechanisms and load management contracts, Section 6 describes the marginal costs which are a key driver of the tariff designs, Section 7 presents the analysis of the demand response to TOU tariffs, Section 8 describes the design of the conventional TOU tariffs, Section 9 discusses special TOU contracts, Section 10 describes the design of interruptible contracts, Section 11 describes the design of TOU power purchase contracts, Section 13 describes the implementation plan for TOU pricing and loadmanagement contracts, there are also annexes providing supporting information and analysis 40 17-11-21 00:19:00.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873179 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18922 Volltext, Open Access

1759728616

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:24.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728616 OCoLC 1255600854 WBOKR 19482 EBP 064561135 KEP 064561135 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19482 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Afghanistan Public Sector Pension Scheme From Crisis Management to Comprehensive Reform Strategy Oleksiy Sluchynsky VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Afghanistan South Asia s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS s ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING s ACCRUAL RATE s ACCRUAL RATES s ADJUSTMENT MECHANISM s ADJUSTMENT MECHANISMS s ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY s ADMINISTRATIVE REFORM s ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AFFORDABILITY s AGING POPULATION s ANNUITIES s ANNUITY s ARREARS s BANK DEPOSITS s BANKING s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIC PENSION s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BENEFIT FORMULA s BENEFIT LEVEL s BENEFIT LEVELS s BENEFIT PAYMENTS s BENEFIT RATE s BENEFIT RATES s BENEFIT SCHEMES s BIAS s BOND s BOND OPTION s BONDS s BORROWING s BUDGET s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CASH FLOWS s CASH PAYMENTS s CENTRAL BANK s CHILDREN s CIVIL SERVICE PENSION s CIVIL SERVICE PENSIONS s COLLECTION PROCESS s COMPENSATION s CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING s CONTRACTS s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s CONTRIBUTION COLLECTION s CONTRIBUTION RATE s CONTRIBUTION RATES s CONVERSION s CONVERSIONS s CREDIT s CREDITS s CS s CURRENCY s DEFICIT s DEFINED BENEFIT s DEFINED BENEFIT PLAN s DEFINED BENEFIT SCHEME s DEFINED BENEFIT SCHEMES s DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PENSION s DEFINED CONTRIBUTIONS s DISABILITY s DISABILITY PENSIONS s DISABLED s DISCOUNT s DISCOUNT RATE s DISCOUNT RATES s DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ELDERLY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYEES s EMPLOYER s EMPLOYER CONTRIBUTIONS s EMPLOYERS s ENFORCEMENT s ENTERPRISES s EQUITABLE TREATMENT s EQUITY s EXCHANGE s FAMILIES s FAMILY s FINANCE s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FINANCING s FINANCING NEEDS s FISCAL RESOURCES s FRAUD s FUNDED COMPONENT s FUNDED SCHEMES s FUNDING SOURCES s FUTURE s FUTURE PAYMENTS s FUTURE PENSION s GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION s GUARANTEE s GUARANTEES s HEALTH s HOME s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE s IMPLICIT DEBT s IMPRISONMENT s INCOME s INCOMES s INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS s INDIVIDUAL PENSIONER s INFLATION s INFLATION INDEXATION s INFORMATION FLOW s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INITIAL INVESTMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s INTEREST s INTEREST RATE s INVESTMENT s INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE s INVESTMENT RETURNS s INVESTMENT RISK s INVESTMENTS s JURISDICTION s LABOR FORCE s LACK OF INFORMATION s LACK OF KNOWLEDGE s LEGAL DRAFTING s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIABILITY s LIVING STANDARDS s MANDATORY SCHEMES s MARKET s MARKET RETURNS s MARRIAGE s MORTALITY s MORTALITY TABLE s MORTALITY TABLES s NATIONAL PENSION s NORMAL RETIREMENT AGE s NOTIONAL ACCOUNTS s OPTION s OPTIONS s PAYMENT s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PAYROLL TAXES s PENSION s PENSION ADMINISTRATION s PENSION AGENCY s PENSION BENEFIT s PENSION BENEFITS s PENSION CONTRIBUTION s PENSION CONTRIBUTIONS s PENSION DEBT s PENSION EXPENDITURE s PENSION EXPENDITURES s PENSION FORMULA s PENSION FUND s PENSION LAW s PENSION LIABILITIES s PENSION OBLIGATIONS s PENSION PAYMENTS s PENSION PLAN s PENSION POLICIES s PENSION POLICY s PENSION PROGRAM s PENSION PROVISIONS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION REGULATION s PENSION RIGHTS s PENSION SAVINGS s PENSION SCHEME s PENSION SCHEMES s PENSION SPENDING s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION VALUE s PENSION VALUES s PENSIONERS s PENSIONS s PHYSICAL ASSETS s POLICE OFFICERS s POVERTY s PRICE s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVE INVESTMENTS s PROVIDENT FUNDS s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC SCHEME s PUBLIC SCHEMES s PURCHASING POWER s RATE OF RETURN s RATES OF RETURN s RECEIPT s RECEIPTS s REFORM PROGRAM s REGULAR PAYMENTS s REPLACEMENT RATE s REPLACEMENT RATES s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETIREES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT AGE s RETIREMENT BENEFITS s RETIREMENT SAVINGS s RETURN s REVENUES s SAFETY NET s SAVING s SECURITY s SHARE s SHARES s SHORT-TERM FINANCING s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOURCE OF INCOME s STOCK s SUBSIDIES s SUBSIDY s SURVIVOR PENSION s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TRUSTEES s UNFUNDED PENSION s WAGE GROWTH s WELFARE s WIDOW s WILL English en_US After years of dealing with pension policy in crisis management mode, the Government of Afghanistan has begun the process of formulating a national pension policy based on a long-term vision. Until very recently the Government had been focused on short-term policy actions to alleviate growing pressure on the budget. While these measures were necessary, pension policy must take a long term view. Recently, the Government has developed a comprehensive reform package and initiated the process of legal drafting. A reformed system must have clear objectives, be fiscally sustainable, and address needs of various population groups. The final choices will need to be made as to mandate and design and administrative arrangements of the reformed system. The challenge is to ensure that the measures taken in the next few years do not make it more difficult to pursue certain preferred policies later. This paper shows that, according to the financial projections, there is now a window of opportunity for implementing a reform of the system 40 17-11-21 00:19:00.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873187 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19482 Volltext, Open Access

1759728624

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:24.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728624 OCoLC 1255600700 WBOKR 18923 EBP 064561127 KEP 064561127 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18923 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Providing for the People Policy Note on Utility Service Reform in Mauritania's Mining Corridor World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Africa Mauritania s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESS TO WATER s ADEQUATE WATER s APPROACH s AQUIFERS s AVAILABILITY s AVAILABILITY OF WATER s BULK WATER s CAPACITY BUILDING s CISTERNS s CONCESSION CONTRACT s CONNECTION FEES s CONSTRUCTION s COST RECOVERY s COSTS OF ELECTRICITY s COVERING s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s DECISION MAKING s DECISION MAKING PROCESS s DEMAND FOR WATER s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DISTRIBUTION OF WATER s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DOMESTIC SUPPLY s DOMESTIC WATER s DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY s DRAINAGE s DRAINAGE SYSTEM s DRILLING s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY OPTION s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s EMPLOYMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s GENERATION s HIGH LEVELS s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLDS s INDUSTRIAL OPERATIONS s INVESTMENT COSTS s IRON s IRRIGATION s IRRIGATION PURPOSES s LIVESTOCK HERDS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL OPERATOR s LOCAL OPERATORS s LOCALITY s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s MARKET GARDENING s MINERAL RESOURCES s MUNICIPALITIES s OIL s PETROLEUM s POTABLE WATER s POWER s POWER GENERATION s POWER PLANT s PRESSURE s PRIVATE OPERATOR s PRIVATE SECTOR OPERATORS s PROVISION OF SERVICE s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PROVISION OF WATER s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC STANDPIPE s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUMPING s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUALITY OF WATER s QUALITY WATER s REVENUE GENERATION s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s SALE OF WATER s SANITATION s SECTORAL MINISTRIES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE OPERATOR s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SMALL TOWNS s SOCIAL SERVICES s STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLY s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TARIFF STRUCTURES s THERMAL SYSTEMS s TOWN s TOWNS s URBAN AREAS s UTILITIES s UTILITY OPERATOR s UTILITY OPERATORS s UTILITY SERVICES s WASTE WATER s WASTEWATER s WATER CAPACITY s WATER CONNECTIONS s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s WATER PRODUCTION s WATER PUMPS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RATIONING s WATER RESERVOIRS s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SALES s WATER SCHEMES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVISION s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SYSTEM s WATER TARIFF English en_US This policy note summarizes the results of a Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) and a consultative decision making process carried out over a two-year period (2005-2007). Chapter two presents the country and reform context by providing background information on the role of mining in Mauritania's economy and explaining the current situation in the Nouadhibou-Zouerat economic corridor with regard to water and electricity services. This section indicates the need for reform by reviewing the reform context from a legal, economic, institutional, technical, and consumer perspective. Chapter three introduces previous reform proposals and discusses the economic viability of the most plausible reform option. Chapter four outlines the potential social and poverty impacts of utility service reform by presenting survey results on consumers' ability and willingness to pay, showing which social groups are at risk of being negatively affected by reform and exploring policy responses to the identified risks. It also weighs the risks associated with reform against its benefits and provides policy recommendations. Issues associated with the political economy of reform implementation are discussed in chapter five, which concludes by making specific recommendations for the implementation of the necessary reform measures (chapter six) 40 17-11-21 00:19:00.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873195 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18923 Volltext, Open Access

1759728632

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:25.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728632 OCoLC 1255600772 WBOKR 19525 EBP 064561119 KEP 064561119 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19525 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Uganda Policy Note on Social Accountability Mary Bitekerezo VerfasserIn aut Joanna De Berry VerfasserIn aut Steven Shalita VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Africa Uganda s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s ACTION PLAN s ACTIVE INVOLVEMENT s ADVOCACY s ANTI-CORRUPTION s ASSETS s AUDITING s AWARENESS RAISING s BENEFICIARIES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CERTIFICATION s CITIZEN ADVISORY s CITIZEN MONITORING s CITIZEN PARTICIPATION s CITIZENS s CITIZENSHIP s CIVIC EDUCATION s CIVIC ENGAGEMENT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CIVIL SOCIETY PARTICIPATION s CIVIL SOCIETY REPRESENTATIVES s CODES OF CONDUCT s COLLABORATION s COMMUNITY GROUPS s COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION s COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITY REPRESENTATIVES s COMMUNITY-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT s CONSTITUENCIES s CONSULTATION s DEMOCRACY s DISCRIMINATION s EDUCATION POLICIES s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EMPOWERMENT s ETHICS s FOCUS GROUP s FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS s FRAUD s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS s HUMAN RIGHTS s INTEGRITY s INTERVIEWS s JOURNALISTS s JUDICIARY s LAWS s LEADERSHIP s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LEGISLATION s LEGISLATORS s LOBBYING s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL LANGUAGES s MEDIA s NATIONAL POLICY s NATIONAL STRATEGY s NGO s PARLIAMENT s PARLIAMENTARIANS s PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEES s PARTICIPATORY BUDGETING s PARTICIPATORY PLANNING s PARTICIPATORY POVERTY ASSESSMENTS s PARTICIPATORY PROCESSES s POLICY ADVOCACY s POLICY DISCUSSIONS s POLICY FORMULATION s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY MAKING s POLITICAL PARTIES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIORITIES s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC DEBATE s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC OFFICIALS s PUBLIC OPINION s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SERVANTS s PUBLIC SERVICE s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s SOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY AGENDA s SOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT s SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY s STAKEHOLDERS s SUPPLIERS s TRANSPARENCY s VERTICAL ACCOUNTABILITY s WORKING GROUP English en_US This policy note is based on a wider study that analyzed how various stakeholders in Ugandan society can better engage to improve social accountability in service delivery. The study conducted a rapid assessment of selected public officials in three districts (Bushenyi, Lira, and Mukono), non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other civil society organizations, media associations, and parliamentary committees. Focus group discussions with members of selected community-based organizations were also held in the three districts. It also included an in-depth study of selected community-based organizations, brief literature reviews and a public opinion poll. The policy note synthesizes the report's main findings and focuses on key policy recommendations. It is intended as an input into ongoing dialogue and a number of processes and efforts that aim to strengthen civil society participation to improve governance in service delivery in Uganda 40 17-11-21 00:19:00.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873209 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19525 Volltext, Open Access

1759728640

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:25.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728640 OCoLC 1255600736 WBOKR 19520 EBP 064561100 KEP 064561100 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19520 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Managing the Miombo Woodlands of Southern Africa Policies, Incentives and Options for the Rural Poor, Volume 2. Technical Annexes World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Africa Southern Africa s ACCESS TO MARKETS s AGRICULTURAL EXPANSION s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURE s AGROFORESTRY s ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF INCOME s ANIMAL s ANIMAL PRODUCTS s ANIMALS s BEES s BIODIVERSITY s BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY s BIOMASS s BIRDS s BOTANY s BREEDING s BURNING s BUSH FIRES s CASH INCOME s CATERPILLAR s CATERPILLARS s CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH s CHARCOAL PRODUCTION s COMMERCIAL HUNTING s COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT s CONCESSION s CONFLICT s CONFLICT RESOLUTION s CONSERVATION s CONSERVATION IMPLICATIONS s CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS s CROP PRODUCTION s DEFORESTATION s DEGRADATION s DEMAND FOR TIMBER s DENSE POPULATIONS s DETERMINANTS s DROUGHTS s DRY FOREST s DRY FORESTS s DRY SEASON s ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS s ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS s ECOLOGY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s EMPIRICAL STUDIES s ENCROACHMENT s ENTOMOLOGY s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM s ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES s EXPLOITATION s EXTREME POVERTY s FARM ACTIVITIES s FARM EMPLOYMENT s FARM INCOME s FARM-GATE s FARMERS s FARMING SYSTEMS s FERNS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FIREWOOD s FISH s FISHER s FISHING s FLOWERING PLANTS s FODDER s FOOD-FOR-WORK s FOREST s FOREST ACTIVITIES s FOREST AREA s FOREST AREAS s FOREST CONSERVATION s FOREST DEPARTMENT s FOREST FIRES s FOREST FOODS s FOREST INSTITUTE s FOREST LAND s FOREST LANDSCAPES s FOREST MANAGEMENT s FOREST OPERATIONS s FOREST PLANTATIONS s FOREST PRODUCT s FOREST PRODUCTION s FOREST PRODUCTS s FOREST RESERVE s FOREST RESERVES s FOREST RESOURCE s FOREST RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s FOREST RESOURCES s FOREST REVENUE s FOREST USE s FOREST USERS s FORESTRY s FORESTRY CONTRIBUTIONS s FORESTRY DEPARTMENT s FORESTRY RESEARCH s FORESTRY RESOURCES s FORESTRY SECTOR s FORESTS s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD MANAGEMENT s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN SETTLEMENT s ILLEGAL LOGGING s ILLEGAL TRADE s INDIGENOUS FORESTS s INSECT s INSECTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s ISSUES s LAND ALLOCATION s LAND TENURE s LAND USE s LAND USE SYSTEM s LAND-USE s LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES s LIVESTOCK s LOGGING s LOGS s MAMMALS s MARKET PRICES s MEDICINAL PLANT s MEDICINAL PLANTS s MOTH s NATIONAL INCOME s NATIONAL PARK s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCE BASE s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s NATURAL RESOURCES s NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s ORCHID s ORCHIDS s PLANT SPECIES s PLANTATION FORESTS s PLANTING s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s POLICY MAKERS s POOR HEALTH s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR INFRASTRUCTURE s POPULATION DENSITIES s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY ALLEVIATION EFFORTS s POVERTY MITIGATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPERS s POVERTY STATUS s PRODUCERS s RAIN FOREST s REGENERATION s REGIONAL FOREST s REMOTE COMMUNITIES s RESERVES s RESOURCE USE s ROADS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DIETS s RURAL DISTRICTS s RURAL DWELLERS s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT s RURAL HOUSEHOLD s RURAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INEQUALITY s RURAL LIVELIHOOD SYSTEMS s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RURAL MARKETS s RURAL PEOPLE s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATIONS s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL VILLAGES s RURAL WOMEN s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SEASONAL NATURE s SHIFTING CULTIVATION s SILVICULTURE s SOUTHERN HIGHLANDS s SPECIES s STATE FORESTS s STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT s SUBSISTENCE CONSUMPTION s SUBSISTENCE USE s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s TARGETING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TERMITES s TIMBER s TIMBER HARVEST s TIMBER INDUSTRY s TIMBER PRODUCTION s TIMBER SALES s TIMBER SPECIES s TOURISM s TRADITIONAL CEREMONIES s TRADITIONAL MEDICINE s TREE s TREES s TROPICAL FORESTS s UNDISTURBED FORESTS s URBAN CENTERS s USE OF FORESTS s USE VALUE s VEGETATION s VILLAGES s WETLANDS s WOOD HARVEST s WOOD PRODUCTS s WOOD-BASED PRODUCTS s WOODLAND s WOODLAND RESOURCES s WOODLANDS English en_US Miombo woodlands stretch across Southern Africa in a belt from Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in the west to Mozambique in the east. The miombo region covers an area of around 2.4 million km. In some areas, miombo has been highly degraded as a result of human use (southern Malawi and parts of Zimbabwe), while in others, it remains relatively intact (such as in parts of northern Mozambique, and in isolated areas of Angola and the DRC). From a conventional forester's perspective, miombo is fundamentally uninteresting. It supports relatively few good commercial timber species. The management of commercial species has been problematic. The best areas were logged over long ago. Except in a few areas, remaining commercially viable stocks are relatively small and difficult to access. Public forestry institutions have, for the most part, failed to put in place effective management systems for forests, preferring instead to limit their role to regulation and revenue collection, rather than to management per se. The objectives of this paper are threefold, and the paper is structured around these objectives. First, in section two, the paper describes some of opportunities for improving the use and management of miombo woodlands. Second, in section three, outline some of the barriers which are preventing households, communities, and countries from adopting better and more sustainable woodland management practices. In section four, by exploring some of the policy opportunities for removing these barriers, with the objective of strengthening miombo's contribution to reducing risk and vulnerability of poor rural households through sustainable forest management 40 17-11-21 00:19:00.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873217 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19520 Volltext, Open Access

1759728659

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:25.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728659 OCoLC 1255600817 WBOKR 19519 EBP 064561097 KEP 064561097 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19519 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Managing the Miombo Woodlands of Southern Africa Policies, Incentives and Options for the Rural Poor, Volume 1. Main Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Africa Southern Africa s ACCESS TO FOREST s AGRICULTURAL EXPANSION s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL LAND USE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s ALLUVIAL SOILS s ANECDOTAL EVIDENCE s ANIMALS s ANNUAL RAINFALL s APICULTURE s ARABLE LAND s BARK s BEAR s BENEFIT SHARING s BIODIVERSITY s BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION s BIODIVERSITY MAINTENANCE s BIOGEOGRAPHY s BIOMASS s BIOMASS PRODUCTION s BOREAL FORESTS s BUILDING MATERIAL s BURNING s BUSH FIRES s CANOPY s CARBON SEQUESTRATION s CATERPILLARS s CATTLE s CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH s CHARCOAL s CHARCOAL MAKING s CHARCOAL PRODUCTION s CHARISMATIC MAMMALS s CIVIL WARS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMERCIAL LOGGING s COMMERCIALIZATION s COMMUNITY CONSERVATION s COMMUNITY FORESTRY s COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT s CONCESSION s CONSERVANCY s CONSERVATION s CONSERVATION ACTIVITIES s CONSERVATION OF WILDLIFE s CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL s CONSUMER DEMAND s CROP FAILURE s CULTIVATION s DEFORESTATION RATES s DEGRADATION s DRY FOREST s DRY FORESTS s DRY SEASON s DRY WOODLAND s DRY WOODLANDS s ECOLOGICAL STUDIES s EFFECTIVE FOREST MANAGEMENT s ELEPHANT s ENDEMISM s ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICE s ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES s ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES s EXPORT PERMITS s FALLOW LAND s FIRE MANAGEMENT s FIREWOOD s FISH s FISHER s FODDER s FOLIAGE s FOOD PLANTS s FOOD RESOURCE s FOREST s FOREST ACT s FOREST AREA s FOREST AREAS s FOREST CONSERVATION s FOREST COVER s FOREST DEPARTMENT s FOREST GOVERNANCE s FOREST INDUSTRY s FOREST INSTITUTIONS s FOREST INVENTORY s FOREST LAW s FOREST LOSS s FOREST MANAGEMENT s FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANS s FOREST MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FOREST OPERATIONS s FOREST ORGANIZATIONS s FOREST POLICIES s FOREST POLICY s FOREST PRODUCT s FOREST PRODUCTS s FOREST REGION s FOREST RESEARCH s FOREST RESERVES s FOREST RESOURCES s FOREST TYPES s FOREST USERS s FORESTER s FORESTERS s FORESTRY DEPARTMENT s FORESTRY PROGRAMS s FORESTRY RESEARCH s FORESTRY SECTOR s FORESTS s FUELWOOD s GIBBON s GRASSLAND s GRASSLANDS s GROWTH RATES s GUMS s HABITAT CONSERVATION s HABITATS s HARDWOOD FORESTS s HARDWOODS s HERBIVORES s HIGH DIVERSITY s HIGH QUALITY TIMBER s HUNTING s ILLEGAL LOGGING s ILLEGAL LOGGING OPERATIONS s INSECT s INSECTS s ISSUES s LAND CLEARANCE s LAND CLEARING s LAND CLEARING FOR AGRICULTURE s LAND POLICY s LAND USE s LAND-USE s LEAF LITTER s LEAVED TREES s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT s LOCAL CONSERVATION s LOG s MEDICINAL PLANT s MEDICINAL PLANTS s MIXED HARDWOOD s MOIST FORESTS s MOTHS s MOUNDS s NATIONAL FOREST s NATIONAL FOREST INVENTORY s NATIVE FORESTS s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s NATURAL RESOURCES s NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s OAK s OAK FORESTS s OLD GROWTH s OPEN WOODLANDS s ORCHID s PLANT s PLANT BIODIVERSITY s PLANT SPECIES s PLANTING s POACHERS s PUBLIC FORESTRY s PUBLIC FORESTRY INSTITUTIONS s PULP s REGENERATION s RESERVED FORESTS s RESERVES s RESINS s RHINO s RIVER SYSTEMS s ROUNDWOOD s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ECONOMIES s RURAL ECONOMY s SAFARI s SAFARI OPERATORS s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SEASONAL CYCLE s SEASONAL GRAZING s SET ASIDE s SILVICULTURAL SYSTEMS s SILVICULTURE s SPECIES s SPECIES ASSOCIATIONS s SPECIES COMPOSITION s SPECIES DIVERSITY s SPECIES RICHNESS s SPORT HUNTING s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUSTAINABLE EXTRACTION s SUSTAINABLE FOREST s SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE USE s TAPPING s TEMPERATE FORESTS s TERMITE s TIMBER s TIMBER EXPORTS s TIMBER FOREST s TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS s TIMBER HARVESTING s TIMBER MARKET s TIMBER PRODUCTION s TIMBER PRODUCTS s TIMBER SPECIES s TIMBER TRADE s TOLERANT TREE s TOLERANT TREE SPECIES s TOURISM s TOURISM INDUSTRY s TREE s TREE SPECIES s TREES s TROPICAL DEFORESTATION s TROPICAL FORESTS s UNEMPLOYMENT LEVELS s USE OF FOREST s VEGETATION s VEGETATION TYPES s VILLAGE FOREST s VILLAGES s WATERSHED s WATERSHED MANAGEMENT s WATERSHED PROTECTION s WILD MEAT s WILDLIFE s WILDLIFE AREAS s WILDLIFE CONSERVATION s WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT s WOOD EXTRACTION s WOOD PRODUCTS s WOODLAND s WOODLAND RESOURCES s WOODLANDS s WOODY SPECIES English en_US Miombo woodlands stretch across Southern Africa in a belt from Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in the west to Mozambique in the east. The miombo region covers an area of around 2.4 million km. In some areas, miombo has been highly degraded as a result of human use (southern Malawi and parts of Zimbabwe), while in others, it remains relatively intact (such as in parts of northern Mozambique, and in isolated areas of Angola and the DRC). From a conventional forester's perspective, miombo is fundamentally uninteresting. It supports relatively few good commercial timber species. The management of commercial species has been problematic. The best areas were logged over long ago. Except in a few areas, remaining commercially viable stocks are relatively small and difficult to access. Public forestry institutions have, for the most part, failed to put in place effective management systems for forests, preferring instead to limit their role to regulation and revenue collection, rather than to management per se. The objectives of this paper are threefold, and the paper is structured around these objectives. First, in section two, the paper describes some of opportunities for improving the use and management of miombo woodlands. Second, in section three, outline some of the barriers which are preventing households, communities, and countries from adopting better and more sustainable woodland management practices. In section four, by exploring some of the policy opportunities for removing these barriers, with the objective of strengthening miombo's contribution to reducing risk and vulnerability of poor rural households through sustainable forest management 40 17-11-21 00:19:00.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873225 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19519 Volltext, Open Access

1759728667

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:25.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728667 OCoLC 1255600702 WBOKR 19485 EBP 064561089 KEP 064561089 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19485 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Mongolia Quarterly, June 2008 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Mongolia s ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AGRICULTURE s ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY s BAKERY PRODUCTS s BANK POLICY s BANKING SECTORS s BANKING SYSTEM s BEER s BEVERAGES s BLACK MARKETS s BORDER PRICE s BREAD s BROAD MONEY s BUTTER s CANDY s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFERS s CEREALS s COLLATERAL s COLLECTIVE ACTION s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER DEMAND s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING s CONTRACTUAL SAVINGS s COPPER PRICE s COPPER PRICES s CORPORATE TAX s COST REDUCTION s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT GROWTH s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEFICITS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT MOBILIZATION s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISABILITY PENSIONS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC PRICE s DOMESTIC PRICES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EGG s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL DEBT s FEASIBILITY STUDIES s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL POLICY s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATE s FLOUR s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD EXPORTS s FOOD FOR WORK s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD STAMPS s FOOD SUPPLY s FORECASTS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FRUIT s FRUITS s GDP s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOLD PRICES s GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GRAIN PRODUCTION s HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY s INCOME s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME SECURITY s INCOME TAX s INCOMES s INDEXATION s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATION RATES s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE REFORMS s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s ISSUANCE s JOB CREATION s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARD s LOAN s LOAN OFFICERS s M2 s MARGARINE s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKETING s MEAT s MICRO-FINANCE s MONETARY POLICY s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OIL PRODUCTS s OLD-AGE INCOME s OUTPUT s OUTSTANDING LOANS s PENSION s PENSION CONTRIBUTIONS s PENSION PROVISION s PENSION PROVISIONS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s POLICY RESPONSE s POLICY RESPONSES s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL RISKS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO QUALITY s POTATO s POTATOES s POTENTIAL OUTPUT s PRICE CONTROLS s PRICE FORECASTS s PRICE INCREASE s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE INDEX s PRICE INDEXES s PRICE MOVEMENT s PRICE MOVEMENTS s PRICE STABILIZATION s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE PENSION s PRODUCTION COSTS s PROTECTIONISM s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC PENSIONS s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL ESTATE s REFINERIES s REFINERY s REPLACEMENT RATES s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETIREMENT AGE s RETIREMENT AGES s RISK EXPOSURE s RURAL CREDIT s RURAL FINANCE s RURAL FINANCE MARKET s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SALES s SAVINGS s SCRAP s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENTS s SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEM s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOVEREIGN DEBT s SPREAD s STEEL s STOCKS s SUBSTITUTION s SUGAR s SUGAR PRODUCTS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SURPLUS s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s TAX s TEA s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADE OPPORTUNITIES s TRADE POLICY s TRADE UNIONS s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNFAIR COMPETITION s VALUE ADDED s VEGETABLES s WAGE GROWTH s WAGES s WEALTH s WHEAT s WHEAT FLOUR s WITHDRAWAL s WORLD MARKETS English en_US This paper includes the following headings: recent economic developments; food and oil prices: trends and policies; priorities looking forward; and special focus - pension challenges and reform options 40 17-11-21 00:19:01.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873233 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19485 Volltext, Open Access

1759728675

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:25.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728675 OCoLC 1255600785 WBOKR 19483 EBP 064561070 KEP 064561070 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19483 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Zambia Growth, Infrastructure, and Investments Role for Public Private Partnership World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Africa Zambia s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCESS TO ENERGY s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s APPROACH s AREAS WITHOUT ELECTRICITY s ARREARS s ASSET HOLDING s ASSET POSITION s AVAILABILITY s BAILOUTS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BIDS s BINDING CONSTRAINT s BOTTLENECKS s BRIDGE s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL COSTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET s CHECKS s CLEAN WATER s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s CONTRACT DISPUTES s COST RECOVERY s COSTS OF ELECTRICITY s DEBT s DEBT RELIEF s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEBT SWAPS s DERAILMENTS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIESEL s DISCOUNT RATE s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISTRIBUTION LOSSES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EFFICIENT MARKET s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION CAPACITY s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY TARIFF s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPROPRIATION s FARES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL DISTRESS s FINANCIAL INCENTIVE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FISCAL COST s FIXED CHARGE s FIXED CHARGES s FIXED FEE s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FREIGHT s FREIGHT SERVICES s FUEL s GENERATING CAPACITY s GENERATION s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDINGS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HYDRO POWER s HYDROPOWER s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENTS s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PERFORMANCE s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR s INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES s INFRASTRUCTURES s INITIAL DEBT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTICS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s INVESTMENT RISK s ISSUANCE s KEROSENE s KILOWATT HOUR s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEVY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MOBILE PHONE s MONETARY FUND s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN s NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s NATIONAL INCOME s NATURAL GAS s NET PRESENT VALUE s NONPAYMENT s O&M s PIPELINE s POLITICIANS s POPULATION GROWTH s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POWER s POWER CONSUMPTION s POWER COSTS s POWER GENERATION s POWER GENERATION CAPACITY s POWER PROJECT s POWER SECTOR s POWER STATION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE s PROVISIONING s PUBLIC s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS s PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM s PUBLIC SPENDING s RAIL s RAIL TRACK s RAILROADS s RAILWAY s RAILWAY LINES s RAILWAY SYSTEM s RAILWAYS s RATES OF RETURN s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY GOVERNANCE s REGULATORY SYSTEMS s RETURNS s REVENUE ADEQUACY s ROAD s ROAD DEVELOPMENT s ROAD FUND s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SECTOR s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD USER s ROADS s ROUTE s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s RURAL ROADS s SAFETY s SAFETY AGENCY s SANITATION s SERVICE DELIVERY s SETTLEMENT s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SOCIAL SERVICES s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCKS s STRATEGIC INVESTORS s STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT s SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s TARIFF LEVELS s TARIFF REVENUES s TAX s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELEPHONE LINES s TRADE CREDITORS s TRADE UNION s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC VOLUMES s TRANSACTION s TRANSMISSION LINES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORTATION s TRUE s URBANIZATION s UTILITIES s VEHICLES s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US The main purpose of this paper is to document and discuss infrastructure gaps, investment needs, and policy challenges in improving infrastructure services, with an emphasis on the role of Public Private Partnerships to access needed resources for investments in the various sub-sectors for accelerated growth and poverty reduction in Zambia. Zambia has made substantial progress in extending some infrastructure services, including telecom and roads, to its citizens. However, service delivery in other areas, such as water and sanitation, and electricity has been poor. With Zambia's annual growth increasing and demand for infrastructure services escalating, infrastructure bottlenecks are becoming more acute. This paper is targeted at two main audiences: the first is the broader universe of policymakers, planners, regulators, and technical specialists directly concerned with the delivery of infrastructure services. For these readers, the note provides an overview of the physical, financial, social, and institutional conditions of the country that cut across subsectors. It compares Zambia's infrastructure performance in terms of access rates, affordability, quality, and financial viability of its services to those observed in comparable countries. The second and related audience is the authorities. The note provides them with a sense of the foregone growth opportunities stemming from policy imperfections, an assessment of investment needs for accelerated growth, and how public private partnership can play a role in resource mobilization for the investment needs. The paper takes stock of the most relevant infrastructure issues in the key sectors: energy, water and sanitation and telecommunications 40 17-11-21 00:19:01.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873241 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19483 Volltext, Open Access

1759728683

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:25.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728683 OCoLC 1255600881 WBOKR 18909 EBP 064561062 KEP 064561062 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18909 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Higher Fuel and Food Prices Impacts and Responses for Mozambique World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Africa Mozambique s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRICES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY s AGRICULTURAL WAGES s AGRICULTURE s ARBITRAGE s BASE YEAR s BORDER PRICE s CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS s CASH TRANSFERS s CASSAVA s CEREAL CROPS s CEREALS s CIVIL WAR s COMMERCE s COMMERCIALIZATION s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVE MARKET s CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE s CONSUMER PRICE s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMER PRICES s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CONSUMPTION LEVELS s COOKING s COST OF LIVING s CROP PRODUCTION s CROSS PRICE s DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS s DISTRIBUTION OF BENEFITS s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DOMESTIC PRICE s DOMESTIC PRICES s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMIC STRUCTURE s ELASTICITY s ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION s ENERGY PRICES s EQUILIBRIUM s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATIONS s EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENTS s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT SECTORS s FACTOR PRICE s FACTOR PRICES s FACTORS OF PRODUCTION s FARM PRODUCTIVITY s FARMERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL DEFICIT s FIXED COSTS s FLOUR s FOOD BASKET s FOOD BUYERS s FOOD CONSUMERS s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD EXPENDITURES s FOOD EXPORTS s FOOD GRAINS s FOOD IMPORTS s FOOD ITEMS s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICE SUBSIDIES s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SALES s FOOD STAPLES s FOOD SUBSIDIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN MARKETS s GDP s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS s GNP s GRAINS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT s GROUNDNUTS s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HYDROCARBONS s IFPRI s IMPACT ON POVERTY s IMPERFECT COMPETITION s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROUP s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME QUINTILE s INCOMES s INFLATION s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s LABOR MARKETS s LAND OWNERSHIP s LANDHOLDINGS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s MACROECONOMIC ADJUSTMENTS s MACROECONOMIC LEVELS s MAIZE s MARGINAL COST s MARGINAL REVENUE s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET PRICE s MARKET PRICES s MARKET RETURNS s MARKET SHARE s MARKETED FOODS s MARKETING s MEAT s MEATS s MILLING INDUSTRY s NATIONAL INCOME s NATIONAL POVERTY s PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS s PENSION s PENSION SYSTEM s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s POOR s POOR COUNTRIES s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR PERSONS s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY MEASURES s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s PRICE CHANGE s PRICE CHANGES s PRICE DISCRIMINATION s PRICE INCREASE s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE LEVELS s PRICE MOVEMENTS s PRICE SUBSIDY s PRICE TRENDS s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRICING POLICIES s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PROCESSED FOODS s PRODUCTION STRUCTURE s PROFIT MAXIMIZATION s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SAVINGS s PUBLIC WORKS s PULSES s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s RAPID GROWTH s RATE OF GROWTH s REAL INCOME s RETAIL s RETAIL MARKETS s RETAIL PRICE s RETAIL PRICES s RICE s ROOT CROPS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL FARM s RURAL HOUSEHOLD s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INCOMES s RURAL LABOR s RURAL POOR s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL WAGES s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SALE s SALES s SAVINGS s SMALL COUNTRY s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SPREAD s STAPLE FOODS s STRUCTURAL CHANGE s SUBSTITUTES s SUBSTITUTION s SUGAR s SURPLUS s TARGETED SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s TAX s TAX RATES s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL SALES s TRADE BARRIERS s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE POLICIES s TRADE POLICY s TRADE TAXES s TRANSACTION COST s TRANSACTION COSTS s TROUGH s VALUE ADDED s WAGE RATES s WAGES s WEALTH s WHEAT s WHEAT FLOUR s WHOLESALERS English en_US The dramatic increases in world food and fuel prices during 2007 and early 2008 may set back Mozambique's considerable advances in poverty reduction during the past decade. This study assesses the impact of higher fuel and food prices at both household and macroeconomic levels, and also considers policy options to mitigate some of the negative impacts of higher prices. Rising world prices certainly represents a negative terms-of-trade shock for Mozambique, since the country imports almost all of its fuel and is a net importer of food. The report is structured in six sections. Section two presents information on the extent of international food and fuel price increases and their transmission to local markets in Mozambique. Section three presents household-level analysis focused on the first order impact of the food price increases. Section four complements previous sections by examining the impact of higher food and fuel prices within a general equilibrium framework. Section five discusses the likely impact of alternative policy options in the short and long term. Section six summarizes and concludes 40 17-11-21 00:19:01.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987325X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18909 Volltext, Open Access

1759728691

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:25.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728691 OCoLC 1255600703 WBOKR 18918 EBP 064561054 KEP 064561054 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18918 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Defining Heroes Key Lessons from the Creation of Veterans Policy in Timor-Leste World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Timor-Leste s ABUSE s AMMUNITION s ARMED FORCE s ARMED FORCES s ARMS s ARMY s BATTLES s BULLETS s CEMETERIES s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL WAR s CIVILIAN POPULATION s COMBATANTS s COMMUNICATION CHANNELS s COMPENSATION s COMPLAINTS s CONFIDENCE s CONFLICT s CONFLICT PREVENTION s CORRUPTION s COURT s CRIME s CRIMES s CRIMINAL s DEFENCE s DEFENSE s DEMOBILIZATION s DEMOCRACY s DISABILITY s DISARMAMENT s DISSEMINATION s DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION s ECONOMIC REINTEGRATION s ECONOMIC STATUS s ELDERLY s ELECTIONS s FAMILIES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FIGHTING s FOOD INSECURITY s FOREIGNERS s FORMER FIGHTERS s GOVERNMENT OFFICES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HARASSMENT s HOME s HOUSES s HUMAN RIGHTS s HUSBAND s HUSBANDS s IMF s IMPRISONMENT s INEQUITIES s INITIATIVE s INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION s INTERNATIONAL STRATEGIES s INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT s JAIL s LACK OF FOOD s LAWS s LEGISLATION s LIABILITY s LIBERTIES s LOBBYING s LOCAL CAPACITY s MANDATES s MASSACRE s MEDICAL CARE s MEDICAL REFERRALS s MEETING s MEETINGS s MILITARY BASE s MILITIA s MILITIAS s MINISTER s MODALITIES s MORTALITY s NATIONAL COUNCIL s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONS s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s NUMBER OF WOMEN s OBSERVERS s OFFENCES s OLD AGE s ORPHANS s PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEE s PEACE s PEACE ACCORDS s PENSION s PENSIONS s POLICE s POLICE FORCE s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY DEVELOPMENT s POLICY PROCESS s POLICY PROCESSES s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POLITICAL LEADERSHIP s POLITICAL PARTIES s POLITICAL PARTY s POLITICAL SUPPORT s POST-CONFLICT SETTINGS s PRISON s PRISONER s PRISONERS s PROGRESS s PROVISION OF ASSISTANCE s PUBLIC DEBATE s PUBLIC DISCUSSION s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SUPPORT s RECONCILIATION s RESPECT s ROLE OF WOMEN s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY NET s SECURITY FORCES s SELF-DETERMINATION s SEXUAL ABUSE s SOCIAL SOLIDARITY s SOLDIER s SOLDIERS s SUBSTANTIVE LAW s SUBVENTION s SUBVENTIONS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TACTICS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TEENAGERS s TELEVISION s TERTIARY EDUCATION s THIEF s TORTURE s TRANSPARENCY s TRIAL s UNDP s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s URBAN AREAS s VETERANS s VICTIMS s VIOLENCE s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WEAPON s WEAPONS s WIDOW s WIDOWS s WILL s WIVES English en_US This study seeks to examine and reflect on the process, results and lessons of the efforts to recognize and assist veterans of the resistance in Timor-Leste. The aim is to document those aspects that may have value for other post-conflict settings where nascent institutions are attempting to wrestle with similar issues. The paper proceeds in four sections. Section two provides background and contextual information. Four themes are covered: the development of veterans' policy in post-conflict settings; the history of the Timorese resistance movement; military formation and demobilization under United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET); and, the predicament of veterans at the reestablishment of independence (2002). Section three documents the creation of veterans' policy in Timor-Leste. In rough chronological order it focuses on seven phases: the establishment of the veterans' commissions; the registration of veterans; public consultations; legislation development; recognition measures, pensions and assistance, as well as some of the key challenges ahead. Section four draws out some of the key lessons of the Timorese experience, including both more strategic and more operational lessons. Section five concludes 40 17-11-21 00:19:01.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873268 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18918 Volltext, Open Access

1759728705

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:25.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728705 OCoLC 1255600821 WBOKR 18917 EBP 064561046 KEP 064561046 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18917 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Tajikistan Public Sector Pay Reform Policy Note on Medium-Term Pay Reform in Public Sector, Volume 2. Background Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Public Expenditure Review (PER) Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s ACADEMIC YEAR s ACCOUNTING s ADDITIONAL INCOME s ANNUAL WAGE s APR s AVERAGE CLASS SIZE s AVERAGE WAGE s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCED BUDGET s BANKS s BASE WAGE s BOARDING s BOARDING SCHOOLS s BORROWING s BRAIN DRAIN s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGETING s BUSINESS CLIMATE s CALCULATION s CALCULATIONS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAREER s CAREER DEVELOPMENT s CAREER OPPORTUNITIES s CASH FLOW s CHECKS s CIVIL SERVANT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CLASS SIZE s CLINICS s COLLATERAL s COLLEGE DEGREE s COLLEGE EDUCATION s COLLEGES s CONTRIBUTIONS s CORRUPTION s CREDITOR s CREDITS s CURRICULUM s DEBT s DECISION MAKING s DENTAL HEALTH s DENTAL HEALTH CARE s DISCIPLINES s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS s EMPLOYMENT s ENROLLMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s FINANCES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL NEEDS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL PERFORMANCE s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FORMULA FUNDING s GENERAL EDUCATION s GHOST WORKERS s HEALTH CARE s HIGHER EDUCATION s HOSPITALS s INCOME s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS s INSTITUTIONALIZATION s INSTRUCTION s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTERNAL BRAIN DRAIN s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s JOB CREATION s JOB LEVEL s LABOR MARKET s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LAWS s LEADERSHIP s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LITERATURE s LOAN s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL LABOR MARKET s MARKETING s MATHEMATICS s MEDICAL CARE s MEDICAL COLLEGES s MEDICAL EDUCATION s MEDICAL UNIVERSITY s MIGRATION s MINIMUM WAGE s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MONEY SUPPLY s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL ECONOMY s NEW JOB s NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS s PATIENTS s PAYROLL SYSTEM s PENSION s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PHYSICIANS s POLICY DOCUMENT s PRESCHOOL EDUCATION s PRIMARY GRADES s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUALIFIED TEACHERS s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUESTIONNAIRE s RAPID GROWTH s RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS s RESPONSIBILITIES s SALARIES s SALARY s SALARY SUPPLEMENTS s SAVINGS s SCHOOL PRINCIPALS s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SENIOR s SOCIAL PROTECTION s TEACHER s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRADE UNION s TRANSACTION s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY DEGREE s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s UNIVERSITY GRADUATES s UNIVERSITY STAFF s VALUABLE s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS s WAGE s WAGES s WORKERS s YEARS OF SERVICE English en_US This part of the public sector pay reform policy note represents a summary of main messages and findings of the report. The report also provides the summary of simulations for various policy scenarios; it is not imperative that quantitative parameters of policy actions (for example, base pay levels, etc.) should be exactly the same as in the policy note, actual numbers may change depending on available fiscal space by the time when final decision is taken vis-a-vis pay increase. Summary of recommendations is provided in annex two; by the time when the report was ready for publication, the Government already took actions to address immediate objectives of the pay reform agenda in public sector; it issued a decree to increase pay levels for civil servants, education and health sector workers as well as other social sector workers. In general, the decree was consistent with overall immediate objectives of pay reform in public service. Public sector wage reform is a key aspect of the reform agenda in Tajikistan. The strong erosion of real wages, as a consequence of the civil war and the collapse of the economy in the 1990s, and very limited employment opportunities in the country combined with increasing opportunities for labor migration, as a consequence of growing economies in Kazakhstan and Russia, have led to a large outflow of qualified personnel in the public service. At the same time, these sectors are crucial to the achievement of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and for ensuring sustainable growth. The public sector continued to provide a quarter of employment (25 percent) over the last seven years. Job creation in the economy was very marginal. It is very likely that the public sector will continue be one of the major employers in the local labor market in medium term. The policy note focuses on civil service, education, health, social protection, science, culture, and sport, sectors with a very uneven reform background and different starting points. The policy note attaches special emphasis on state of play in these sectors and explores options that could encompass policy decisions of the authorities in a three- to five-year timeframe 40 17-11-21 00:19:01.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873276 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18917 Volltext, Open Access

1759728713

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728713 OCoLC 1255600888 WBOKR 18928 EBP 064561038 KEP 064561038 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18928 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Tajikistan Public Sector Pay Reform Policy Note on Medium-Term Pay Reform in Public Sector, Volume 2. Synthesis Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Public Expenditure Review (PER) Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s ADDITIONAL INCOME s ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT s BALANCED BUDGET s BANK EDUCATION s BRAIN DRAIN s BUDGETING s BUSINESS CLIMATE s CALCULATION s CAREER s CAREER DEVELOPMENT s CASH FLOW s CIVIL SERVANT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s COLLEGE LEVEL s COLLEGES s COMMODITY s CONTRIBUTION s CONTRIBUTIONS s CURRENT EXPENDITURES s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT s DEBT s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING PROCESS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISPENSARIES s DOCTORS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s ECONOMIC POLICY s EDUCATION BUDGET s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s ELDERLY PEOPLE s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENTRY POINT s ENTRY POINTS s EQUITY OF ACCESS s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCE MANAGEMENT s FINANCES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCING POLICIES s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE DESIGN s HEALTH CARE INSTITUTIONS s HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS s HEALTH CARE WORKERS s HEALTH EDUCATION s HEALTH INSTITUTIONS s HEALTH PROFESSIONALS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SECTOR WORKERS s HEALTH SYSTEM s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR s HOLISTIC APPROACH s HOSPITAL CARE s HOSPITAL SERVICES s HOSPITALS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s INCOME s INCOME LEVEL s INFLATION s INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS s INSTITUTIONALIZATION s INSTRUCTION s INTEGRATION s JOB CREATION s LABOR MARKET s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LOCAL LABOR MARKET s MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s MARKETING s MEDICAL CARE s MIGRATION s MINIMUM WAGE s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s NEW JOB s NURSES s PATIENTS s PAYROLL SYSTEM s PEER INSTITUTIONS s PHARMACISTS s PHYSICIAN s PHYSICIANS s PRIMARY CARE s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PROFESSIONAL CAPACITY s PUBLIC SECTOR PERFORMANCE s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUALIFIED PERSONNEL s QUALITY CONTROL s REFORM PROCESS s RESEARCH FUNCTIONS s RESEARCHERS s RESPONSIBILITIES s SALARIES s SALARY s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SENIOR s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SERVICE s SOCIAL WORKERS s SPORTS s STAKEHOLDERS s SURGERY s TEACHER s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRAINING PROGRAM s TRANSACTION s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s UNIVERSITY LEVEL s VALUABLE s WAGE s WAGES s WORKERS s YEARS OF SERVICE pha English en_US This part of the public sector pay reform policy note represents a summary of main messages and findings of the report. The report also provides the summary of simulations for various policy scenarios; it is not imperative that quantitative parameters of policy actions (for example, base pay levels, etc.) should be exactly the same as in the policy note, actual numbers may change depending on available fiscal space by the time when final decision is taken vis-a-vis pay increase. Summary of recommendations is provided in annex two; by the time when the report was ready for publication, the Government already took actions to address immediate objectives of the pay reform agenda in public sector; it issued a decree to increase pay levels for civil servants, education and health sector workers as well as other social sector workers. In general, the decree was consistent with overall immediate objectives of pay reform in public service. Public sector wage reform is a key aspect of the reform agenda in Tajikistan. The strong erosion of real wages, as a consequence of the civil war and the collapse of the economy in the 1990s, and very limited employment opportunities in the country combined with increasing opportunities for labor migration, as a consequence of growing economies in Kazakhstan and Russia, have led to a large outflow of qualified personnel in the public service. At the same time, these sectors are crucial to the achievement of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and for ensuring sustainable growth. The public sector continued to provide a quarter of employment (25 percent) over the last seven years. Job creation in the economy was very marginal. It is very likely that the public sector will continue be one of the major employers in the local labor market in medium term. The policy note focuses on civil service, education, health, social protection, science, culture, and sport, sectors with a very uneven reform background and different starting points. The policy note attaches special emphasis on state of play in these sectors and explores options that could encompass policy decisions of the authorities in a three- to five-year timeframe 40 17-11-21 00:19:01.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873284 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18928 Volltext, Open Access

1759728721

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:25.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728721 OCoLC 1255600669 WBOKR 18919 EBP 06456102X KEP 06456102X 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18919 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Non-Tariff Measures on Goods Trade in the East African Community Synthesis Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Africa s ACCIDENTS s ACTUAL VALUE s AD VALOREM s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURE s ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES s APPAREL s BARRIERS TO TRADE s BILATERAL TRADE s BILATERAL TRADE DATA s BONDS s BORDER TRADE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CAPACITY BUILDING s CARS s CD s COMMITTEE ON TRADE s COMMON MARKET s COMMON TRADE POLICY s COMPETITIVENESS s CONGESTION s CONSUMERS s COUNTERFEIT GOODS s CROSS-BORDER TRADE s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS ADMINISTRATION s CUSTOMS DUTIES s CUSTOMS FORMALITIES s CUSTOMS OFFICERS s CUSTOMS UNION s DEEPER TRADE INTEGRATION s DEMAND ELASTICITY s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION s DOMESTIC GOODS s DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC SUPPORT s DRIVERS s DRIVING s ECONOMIC OUTCOMES s EUROPEAN UNION s EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT PROCESSING s EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES s EXPORT PRODUCTS s EXPORT PROMOTION s EXPORT PROMOTION AGENCIES s EXPORT RESTRAINTS s EXPORT VALUE s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL MARKETS s EXTERNAL TARIFF s FOREIGN COMPETITION s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AREA s FREE TRADE IN GOODS s FREIGHT s FREIGHT STATION s FUEL s FUELS s GDP s GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS s GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s IMPORT LICENSING s IMPORT LICENSING PROCEDURES s IMPORT REQUIREMENTS s IMPORT RESTRICTIONS s IMPORTS s INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION s INSPECTION s INTERNAL MARKET s INTERNAL TRADE s INTERNAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVENTORY s JOURNEY s LDCS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET SIZE s MOBILITY s MONOPOLIES s MONOPOLY s MOST FAVORED NATION s MULTILATERAL OBLIGATIONS s MUTUAL RECOGNITION s MUTUAL RECOGNITION PRINCIPLE s NATIONAL INCOME s NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE s NATIONAL REGULATIONS s NON-TARIFF BARRIERS s OPEN REGIONALISM s OPENNESS s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s POLICE s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POPULATION GROWTH s PREFERENTIAL BASIS s PREFERENTIAL TARIFF s PRESENT VALUE s PROTECTIONISM s QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS s RAIL s RAIL NETWORK s RAIL NETWORKS s RAIL ROUTES s RAIL TRANSPORT s RAILROADS s RAILWAYS s REGIONAL TRADE s REMEDIES s RESTRICTIVE PRACTICES s RESTRICTIVE TRADE PRACTICES s ROAD s ROUTE s ROUTES s SAFETY s SAFETY ISSUES s SAFETY STANDARDS s TARIFF BARRIERS s TARIFF EQUIVALENT s TARIFF EQUIVALENTS s TARIFF LINE s TARIFF LINES s TARIFF PROTECTION s TARIFF REDUCTION s TARIFF REFORM s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL BARRIERS s TECHNICAL REGULATIONS s TOURISM s TRADE CLASSIFICATION s TRADE CONTROL MEASURES s TRADE DATA s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE FLOWS s TRADE IN GOODS s TRADE IN SERVICES s TRADE INTEGRATION s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE PATTERN s TRADE POLICY s TRADE ROUTES s TRADE TAXES s TRADE VALUE s TRAINS s TRANSIT s TRANSIT ROUTES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT CORRIDORS s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS s TRUCKS s VALUE OF EXPORTS s VEHICLE s WORLD PRICES s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US The purpose of this note is to highlight the key findings of an assessment of non-tariff measures (NTMs) on goods trade in the East African Community (EAC), and identify priorities for a second stage of work focused on practical steps toward reducing and eliminating these NTMs. This synthesis report is prepared in response to EAC's request for a phased technical assistance from the World Bank. Its objectives are to choose NTMs with high impact on inter-member trade out of the range of NTMs identified in the region; improve the understanding of their persistence over time; and, devise practicable implementation plans for their 'removal.' In concrete steps towards establishing a free trade area (FTA), the EAC has already made remarkable progress on reducing eliminating tariffs on traded goods since 2005. The remaining internal tariff walls are to be eliminated by 2010. There is increasing need for the kind of analysis requested by EAC where the regional economic community (REC) wide internal trade liberalization has allowed considerable reduction/elimination of tariffs, but would be offset by NTMs. This, in turn would significantly delay the establishment of the EAC common market 40 17-11-21 00:19:01.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873292 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18919 Volltext, Open Access

175972873X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:25.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972873X OCoLC 1255600607 WBOKR 19517 EBP 064561011 KEP 064561011 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19517 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Role of the Integrated Financial Adviser in the Government of India World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY FOR PERFORMANCE s ACCOUNTABILITY FOR RESULTS s ACCOUNTABILITY STRUCTURE s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL s ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS s ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL INCOME s ANNUAL REPORT s ANNUAL REPORTING s ANNUAL STATEMENTS s APPROPRIATION s APPROPRIATIONS s AUDIT COMMISSION s AUDITOR GENERAL s AUDITORS s BEST PRACTICE s BEST PRACTICE GUIDELINES s BEST PRACTICES s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CIRCULARS s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET FORMULATION s BUDGET MANAGEMENT s BUDGET MONITORING s BUDGET PERFORMANCE s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET PROPOSALS s BUDGET TARGETS s BUDGET YEAR s BUDGETARY FRAMEWORK s BUDGETARY REFORMS s BUDGETARY RESOURCES s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CAREER DEVELOPMENT s CASH FLOW s CASH MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL BUDGET s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPTROLLER GENERAL s CONSUMER s CONTRIBUTIONS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s COST RECOVERY s CURRICULUM s DEBT s DEBT LIMITATION s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION-MAKING s DEREGULATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISTANCE LEARNING s DRIVERS s DUE DILIGENCE s EXPENDITURE BUDGET s EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s EXTERNAL AUDIT s EXTERNAL FUNDING s FEDERAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FEDERAL TREASURY s FINANCE MINISTRY s FINANCE STAFF s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING s FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES s FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION s FINANCIAL ADVISER s FINANCIAL ADVISERS s FINANCIAL ADVISOR s FINANCIAL ASPECTS s FINANCIAL CONTROL s FINANCIAL DATA s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENTS s FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL LIMITS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL MANAGERS s FINANCIAL MATTERS s FINANCIAL OPERATIONS s FINANCIAL PLANNER s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL TRAINING s FISCAL CONSTRAINT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL REFORMS s FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY s FISCAL TARGETS s GLOBALIZATION s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE s GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE RESULTS s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT REGULATION s HOLDING s HUMAN RESOURCE s INCOME s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTRUMENT s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s LIABILITY s LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s LIQUIDITY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES s MATURITY s MEDIUM-TERM FRAMEWORK s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MUNICIPAL FINANCE s NATIONAL AUDIT s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN s NATIONAL TREASURY s OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE s ORGANIC BUDGET LAW s ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS s OUTPUTS s PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS s PERFORMANCE BUDGET s PERFORMANCE BUDGETING s PERFORMANCE EVALUATION s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT s PERFORMANCE MEASURES s PERFORMANCE REPORTS s POLICY FORMULATION s POLITICAL APPOINTEES s POLITICIANS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PROGRAMS s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ACCOUNTS s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTORS s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUESTIONNAIRE s REAL WAGES s RESOURCE MOBILIZATION s RESPONSIBILITIES s RETURN s RISK MANAGEMENT s SALARIES s SALE s SECRETARIES s SENIOR s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE QUALITY s SETTLEMENT s STAKEHOLDERS s STATE TREASURY s STRATEGIC PRIORITIES s SUPERVISORY POWERS s SUPPLIERS s TAX s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX EXPENDITURES s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAXIS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOP MANAGEMENT s TRAINING MATERIALS s TRAINING PROGRAM s TRAINING REQUIREMENTS s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPARENCY LAW s UNEMPLOYMENT s USER CHARGES s WAGES English en_US The research paper compares the various thoughts and models of the finance function in the Indian Central Government with those that exist worldwide, presents the analytical underpinnings of why some aspects of a particular model may be suitable to the Indian position, and provides the Government of India with options and courses of action. The paper offers historical and current perspective (chapters two and three) on the development of the role of Financial Adviser (FA), comparative lessons from other countries on how they have structured this position (chapter four), suggestions on appropriate training and certification programmes for financial advisers and their key support staff and opportunities for commensurate career development that makes the FA position more attractive for Government of India (GoI) officers and talented applicants (chapters five and six) 40 17-11-21 00:19:01.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873306 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19517 Volltext, Open Access

1759728748

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728748 OCoLC 1255600902 WBOKR 18916 EBP 064561003 KEP 064561003 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18916 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Policy Note on Population Growth and its Implications in Timor-Leste World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Timor-Leste s ACCESS TO FAMILY PLANNING s ACCOUNTING s AGE AT MARRIAGE s AGE DISTRIBUTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s ASYLUM s ASYLUM SEEKERS s AVERAGE GROWTH s BABY s BIRTH RATES s BIRTHS s BOTH SEXES s BREASTFEEDING s CALCULATIONS s CASH CROPS s CENSUS s CENSUS DATA s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD MORTALITY ESTIMATES s CHILD MORTALITY RATES s CHILD SURVIVAL s CHILDBEARING s CHILDREN PER WOMAN s CIVIL CONFLICT s CONSEQUENCES OF POPULATION s CONTRACEPTION s CONTRACEPTIVE METHOD s CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS s CONTRACEPTIVE USE s CURRENT POPULATION s DEATH RATES s DECLINE IN FERTILITY s DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE s DEMOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS s DEMOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS s DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION s DEMOGRAPHICS s DEPENDENCY BURDEN s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIET s ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE POPULATION s EDUCATION PROGRAM s EDUCATIONAL QUALITY s ELDERLY s FAMILY PLANNING s FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES s FAMILY SIZE s FEMALE MORTALITY s FERTILITY s FERTILITY DECLINE s FERTILITY DECLINES s FERTILITY DIFFERENTIALS s FERTILITY LEVELS s FERTILITY RATES s FERTILITY TRANSITION s FERTILITY TRENDS s FEWER CHILDREN s FLOW OF MIGRANTS s FOREST COVER s FUTURE POPULATION s GROWTH IN POPULATION s HEALTH EDUCATION s HEALTH SECTOR s HIGH FERTILITY LEVELS s HIGH POPULATION GROWTH s HOUSEHOLD FINANCES s HUMAN CAPITAL s IDEAL FAMILY SIZE s IMMIGRANTS s IMMIGRATION s INCOMES s INDIVIDUAL DECISIONS s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INFANT MORTALITY RATES s INHABITANTS s INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION s LABOR FORCE s LARGE FAMILIES s LARGE POPULATION s LIFE EXPECTANCIES s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH s LIFETIME s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL COMMUNITY s LOW FERTILITY s LOWER FERTILITY s MALE LABOR FORCE s MALES s MARITAL STATUS s MATERNAL DEATHS s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIO s MIGRANT s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MORTALITY DATA s MORTALITY DECLINES s NATIONAL AUTHORITIES s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL LEVELS s NATIONAL POPULATION s NO MORE CHILDREN s NUMBER OF CHILDREN s POOR HEALTH s POPULATION BY AGE s POPULATION CHANGE s POPULATION CONSIDERATIONS s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION DISTRIBUTION s POPULATION GROUPS s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION GROWTH RATES s POPULATION HEALTH s POPULATION PRESSURE s POPULATION PROJECTIONS s POPULATION PYRAMID s POPULATION PYRAMIDS s POPULATION SIZE s POPULATION STRUCTURE s POPULATION TREND s POPULATION TRENDS s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PROBABILITIES s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC SERVICES s RAPID GROWTH s RAPID POPULATION GROWTH s RATES OF POPULATION s REFUGEE s REFUGEES s REPLACEMENT LEVEL s REPRODUCTIVE AGE s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH POLICY s RESPECT s RETURNEES s RURAL GROWTH s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POPULATION GROWTH s RURAL POPULATION GROWTH RATES s RURAL POPULATIONS s RURAL WOMEN s SALES s SCHOOL AGE s SCHOOL AGE POPULATION s SCHOOL QUALITY s SCHOOL STUDENTS s SCHOOL YEAR s SCHOOL-AGE POPULATION s SCHOOL-AGE POPULATIONS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SENIOR s SEX s SEX RATIO s SLOWER POPULATION GROWTH s SLOWING POPULATION GROWTH s SMALLER FAMILIES s SOCIAL COMMISSION s SOCIAL SECTORS s SOCIETAL GOAL s SUBSISTENCE FARMING s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TEACHER RATIO s TEENAGE PREGNANCY s TOTAL POPULATION s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNFPA s UNITED NATIONS POPULATION DIVISION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN GROWTH RATES s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN POPULATION GROWTH s URBAN POPULATION GROWTH RATES s URBAN POPULATIONS s URBAN WOMEN s URBANIZATION s WORKING AGE s WORKING AGE POPULATION s WORKING AGES s WORKING POPULATION s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION s WORLD POPULATION s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNG POPULATION s YOUNGER POPULATION s YOUTH EMPLOYMENT English en_US The report offers a description of current demographics, including density, population structure, and the components of population change. It explains projection procedures and provides results, including some alternative projections. The report assesses consequences of population growth for key sectors of society such as education and employment and offers options for modifying future population trends, focusing on high fertility and the reasons behind it. A brief discussion of the health sector highlights problems of promoting family planning. Comparisons are made where appropriate with other developing countries, particularly within Southeast Asia 40 17-11-21 00:19:01.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873314 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18916 Volltext, Open Access

1759728756

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728756 OCoLC 1255600904 WBOKR 18907 EBP 064560996 KEP 064560996 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18907 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Jordan - Resolving Jordan's Labor Market Paradox of Concurrent Economic Growth and High Unemployment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Jordan Middle East and North Africa s ACCURATE INFORMATION s ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS s ADULT POPULATION s AGE CATEGORY s AGE DISTRIBUTION s ANNUAL LEAVE s AVERAGE GROWTH s BANKS s BIRTH RATES s CALCULATIONS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAREER COUNSELING s CIVIL SERVICE SALARY s COMMUNITY SERVICES s CONTRIBUTION s CREATING JOBS s CURRENT JOBS s DEATH RATES s DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DISCRIMINATION s DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DISSEMINATION s DIVERSIFICATION s EARNING s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICIES s EDUCATIONAL LEVEL s EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION s EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS s EFFICIENT LABOR MARKET s ELDERLY s ELDERLY POPULATION s EMPLOYABILITY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS s EMPLOYMENT SERVICE s EMPLOYMENT SERVICES s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s EMPLOYMENT TRENDS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FAMILY MEMBERS s FEMALE EMPLOYMENT s FEMALE LABOR s FEMALE LABOR FORCE s FEMALE WORKERS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN LABOR s FOREIGN WORKERS s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENERAL PUBLIC s HEALTH CARE s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HIGH WAGE s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES s HOUSEWIVES s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s IMMIGRATION s INCOME SUPPORT s INCOME TAX s INCOMES s INFLATION s INFORMAL SECTOR s INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s JOB EXPERIENCE s JOB INSECURITY s JOB OFFERS s JOB VACANCIES s JOB-SEEKERS s JOBS s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s LABOR COST s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR LAW s LABOR LAWS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR POLICY s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR REGULATIONS s LABOR SUPPLY s LARGE BUSINESSES s LARGE ENTERPRISES s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL DEVELOPMENT s MAJOR ASSET s MALE WORKERS s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES s MARKET ECONOMIES s MARKETING s MARRIED WOMEN s MATERNITY LEAVE s MATH s MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s MINIMUM WAGE s MINORITY s MULTIPLIER EFFECT s NATIONAL AGENDA s NATIONALS s NET EMPLOYMENT s NET JOB CREATION s NEW JOBS s OCCUPATION s OCCUPATIONS s OLDER WORKERS s OUTSTANDING DEBT s PAYING JOBS s PENSION s PENSION REFORM s PENSIONS s PERMANENT WORKERS s PERSISTENT GAPS s PERSISTENT UNEMPLOYMENT s POLICY MAKERS s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION INCREASES s PREVIOUS JOB s PREVIOUS JOB EXPERIENCE s PREVIOUS PARAGRAPH s PREVIOUS SECTION s PREVIOUS WORK s PREVIOUS WORK EXPERIENCE s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PURCHASES s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s QUALITY EDUCATION s REAL ESTATE s REAL WAGE s REMITTANCES s RENTS s RESPONSIBILITIES s RETAIL TRADE s SAFETY s SAFETY NETS s SALES s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SAVINGS RATE s SCARCE RESOURCES s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SERVANTS s SERVICE INDUSTRIES s SEVERANCE PAY s SEVERANCE PAY SYSTEM s SEX s SHORT TERM BORROWING s SICK LEAVE s SMALL BUSINESSES s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL MARKETING s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SCIENCES s SOCIAL STATUS s SOCIAL WELFARE s TAX RATES s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TEMPORARY WORKERS s TERMINATION s TOTAL UNEMPLOYMENT s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYED INDIVIDUALS s UNEMPLOYED PERSONS s UNEMPLOYED POPULATION s UNEMPLOYED WORKERS s UNEMPLOYED YOUTH s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE s UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNEMPLOYMENT REDUCTION s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s UNPAID FAMILY WORKERS s UNPAID WORKERS s UNSKILLED LABOR s UNSKILLED WORKERS s VALUABLE s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WAGE DATA s WAGE GROWTH s WAGE INCREASES s WAGE RATES s WAGES s WATER SUPPLIES s WORK ACTIVITIES s WORK HOURS s WORKER s WORKFORCE s WORKING AGE s WORKING HOURS s WORKING POOR s WORTH s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNG WOMEN s YOUNGER COHORT s YOUNGER WORKERS s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT English en_US Reducing unemployment is a top priority of the Government of Jordan, as expressed in its principal strategies, "we are all Jordan" and the national agenda. Consistent with those strategies and with the recommendations of donors, the Government's approach to reducing unemployment has been to create jobs by attracting investments that promote gross domestic product (GDP) growth. In recent years, Jordan has successfully attracted investment, achieved strong GDP growth, and created many new jobs. This report also recommends actions to further the Government's goal of reducing employment. To accomplish this we cover industrial policy, fiscal policy, regional development, education, and social protection programs. Although this report comments on employment aspects of several policies and programs, truly comprehensive analysis of these policies and programs is beyond its scope. Rather, these findings and recommendations should be considered in the context of ongoing work by the Government, the World Bank, and other donors the various policy and program areas. That work includes analytical work and investments in the areas of: (a) public expenditure, (b) financial sector functioning, (c) investment climate, (d) poverty mapping, and (e) pension reform. It also includes projects in: (a) higher education development, (b) education reform for the knowledge economy, (c) social protection, (d) employer-driven skills development, and (e) regional and local development 40 17-11-21 00:19:01.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873322 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18907 Volltext, Open Access

1759728764

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728764 OCoLC 1255600670 WBOKR 18914 EBP 064560988 KEP 064560988 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18914 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Indian Road Construction Industry Capacity Issues, Constraints and Recommendations World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESSIBILITY s AGGREGATES s AIR s AIRPORTS s ARBITRATION s BITUMEN s BOTTLENECKS s BOUNDARIES s BRAIN DRAIN s BRIDGES s BYPASSES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CARRYING CAPACITY s CARTS s CEMENT s CERTIFICATION s CIVIL ENGINEERING s CONCESSIONS s CONSTRAINT s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES s CONSTRUCTION SITES s CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES s COUNTRY CASE STUDIES s CRUSHING s DEMOLITION s DEPENDENCE s DEVELOPMENT PROJECT s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISTRICT ROADS s EFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION s EFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS s EXPENDITURES ON ROADS s EXPRESSWAYS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FRAMEWORK s FREIGHT s FREIGHT MOVEMENT s FREIGHT TRAFFIC s GAS s GPS s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY AUTHORITY s HIGHWAY CORRIDORS s HIGHWAY FINANCING s HIGHWAY PROJECTS s HIGHWAYS PROJECT s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s LAND ACQUISITION s LOCAL CONTRACTORS s MAIN ROAD s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY s MEETING s NATIONAL HIGHWAYS s PASSENGER s PASSENGER MOBILITY s PASSENGER TRAFFIC s PAVERS s PEDESTRIANS s PHOTOGRAMMETRY s PIPELINES s POLICY FORMULATION s POOR ROADS s POWER GENERATION s PROFIT MARGINS s PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC ROAD s PUBLIC WORKS s QUARRYING s RAIL s RAILWAY s RAILWAYS s RAPID TRAFFIC GROWTH s RECONSTRUCTION s REHABILITATION s RESETTLEMENT s RIDING QUALITY s ROAD s ROAD ADMINISTRATION s ROAD AGENCIES s ROAD AGENCY s ROAD AUTHORITIES s ROAD BOARDS s ROAD CONSTRUCTION s ROAD DEVELOPMENT s ROAD INDUSTRY s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD INVESTMENT s ROAD INVESTMENTS s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD NETWORKS s ROAD PROJECTS s ROAD SAFETY s ROAD SAFETY MEASURES s ROAD SECTOR s ROAD SERVICES s ROAD TRAFFIC s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD USER s ROAD USERS s ROAD WORKS s ROADS s ROLLERS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ROAD s RURAL ROAD AGENCIES s RURAL ROAD PROGRAM s RURAL ROADS s SAFETY s SHARING s SPEED s SPEEDS s STATE HIGHWAY s STATE HIGHWAYS s STEEL s STONE s STRUCTURES s SURVEYING s TAX s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TOLL s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRIPS s VEHICLE s VEHICLES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER TRANSPORT English en_US Over the last few years, the Indian economy has been in a phase of unparalleled growth of about 8-10 percent per year, making it one of the fastest growing economies in the world. Sustaining this rate of growth will need huge investments in physical infrastructure such as roads, water, power, and urban sectors. Preliminary estimates suggest that investment in infrastructure would need to increase from the current 4.6 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) to about 8 percent during the 11th Plan. An efficient transportation system is critical for sustaining economic growth and the burgeoning demand for passenger and freight movement. Recognizing this, the Government of India (GOI) and several state governments have launched initiatives during the past decade to modernize and improve the transport infrastructure. This study stems partly from GOI's concern regarding the capacity of the road construction industry to deliver, and partly from the Bank's growing need to understand the impact of the expanded road investments on the industry's capacity in South Asia. The study attempts to outline the entire gamut of problems and capacity constraints faced by India's construction industry. It builds on previous studies, reports and industry-wide stakeholder surveys and workshops. It recommends key actions to the central and state governments and the industry for enhancing its capacity and efficiency 40 17-11-21 00:19:01.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873330 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18914 Volltext, Open Access

1759728772

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728772 OCoLC 1255600788 WBOKR 19478 EBP 06456097X KEP 06456097X 2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19478 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ukraine Agricultural Competitiveness World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2008 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Ukraine s ACCESS TO FOOD s ACCESSION NEGOTIATIONS s ADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCE s ADVERSE SELECTION s AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURAL ASSETS s AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY s AGRICULTURAL CREDIT s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIST s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMISTS s AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION s AGRICULTURAL EXPORT s AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS s AGRICULTURAL FINANCE s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENTS s AGRICULTURAL ISSUES s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY s AGRICULTURAL MARKET s AGRICULTURAL MARKET ACCESS s AGRICULTURAL MARKETS s AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL POLICIES s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL POLICY RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE s AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES s AGRICULTURAL PRICES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL RAW MATERIALS s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL TRADE s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s AGRICULTURE SECTOR s AGROCHEMICAL s AGRONOMIC PRACTICES s ANIMAL HEALTH s ARABLE LAND s BANKRUPTCY s BARLEY s BARNS s BEEF s BORDER PRICES s BUTTER s CEREALS s CHEESE s CHEMICAL APPLICATIONS s COARSE GRAINS s COCONUT s COMBINES s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONVENTIONAL PLANT BREEDING s CORN s CORPORATE FARMS s COWS s CROP s CROP INSURANCE s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP PRODUCTS s CROP RESIDUES s CROPS s DAIRY s DAIRY COWS s DAIRY FARMS s DAIRY PRODUCTS s DEMAND FOR FOOD s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DIRECT PAYMENTS s DISEASES s DOMESTIC CONSUMERS s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DRYING s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC RESEARCH s EGGS s ENERGY PRODUCTION s EQUIPMENT s EXPORT s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORT SUBSIDIES s EXTENSION s FAO s FARM s FARM COMMODITY s FARM INCOME s FARM MACHINERY s FARM MANAGEMENT s FARM MANAGERS s FARM PRODUCTS s FARM SIZE s FARM STORAGE s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMS s FEED s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FISH s FOOD PROCESSING s FOOD PRODUCT s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SAFETY SYSTEM s FOOD SECURITY s FORECASTS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN MARKETS s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENT s FRUITS s GDP s GENETIC ENGINEERING s GENETIC MATERIAL s GLOBAL WARMING s GRAIN s GRAIN ELEVATORS s GRAIN MARKETING s GRAIN PRICES s GRAIN TRADERS s GREEN BOX s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HARVEST s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HURDLES s IMPORT BARRIERS s IMPORT TARIFFS s IMPORTS s INCOMES s INEFFICIENCY s INTEGRATION s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s LAMB s LARGE FARMS s LIQUIDITY s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MAIZE s MANURE s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET INFORMATION SYSTEMS s MARKET PRICE SUPPORT s MARKET RATE s MARKETING SYSTEMS s MEAT s MILK s MILK PRODUCERS s MILK PRODUCTION s MILLING s MILLS s MOISTURE RETENTION s NASH s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET EXPORTS s OILSEED s OILSEEDS s OLIVE OIL s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s OVERVALUATION s PALM OIL s PEST CONTROL s PORK s POTATO s POTATOES s POULTRY s POULTRY PRODUCTION s PREMIUM s PRICE INDICES s PRICE MOVEMENTS s PRODUCTION COSTS s PROFIT MARGIN s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY REQUIREMENTS s RAW MATERIAL s RENT SEEKING s RIM COUNTRIES s RISK PREMIUM s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s SILAGE s SOIL FERTILITY s SOILS s SOYBEAN MEAL s SOYBEAN OIL s SOYBEANS s SPAAR s STATE FARMS s STATISTICAL DATA s STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT s SUGAR s SUNFLOWER OIL s SUNFLOWER SEED s SURPLUS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAXATION s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TOTAL OUTPUT s TRADE FLOWS s UNITED NATIONS s URBANIZATION s VALUE ADDED s VEGETABLE OIL s VEGETABLE OILS s VEGETABLE PRODUCTS s VEGETABLES s VOLUME s WAGES s WHEAT s WINTER CROPS s WORLD MARKET s WORLD MARKET PRICE s WORLD MARKET PRICES s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO s YIELD LOSSES pha English en_US The agri-food sector is an important part of the Ukrainian economy. Agriculture could make an even larger contribution to economic growth and the vitality of rural areas in Ukraine than is currently the case. Ukraine has the agro-climatic potential to be a major player on world agricultural markets. Agricultural competitiveness in Ukraine also suffers from inadequate systems to test and document food product quality and food safety. Ukraine's food safety control system is complicated and characterized by fragmented and often overlapping jurisdictions. Many standards applied in Ukraine are inconsistent with World Trade Organization (WTO) provisions, with standards established by the responsible international bodies and with accepted practices in international trade. Without improvements towards an efficient and internationally recognized food quality and safety control system, Ukrainian agriculture will find it increasingly difficult to sell into international markets and its products will not be able to command top prices. The ban on Ukrainian meat, eggs, fish, cheese, milk and butter imposed by Russia in mid-January 2006 provides an example of the disruptions that can result. This negative impact on competitiveness will be increasingly acute for more perishable products, higher-processed products and products that combine different agricultural raw materials - in other words many high-value added products. Policy reforms and investments could greatly increase the competitiveness of Ukrainian agriculture. In the policy sphere, greater restraint should be exercised in the area of trade, market and price policy. Ad hoc intervention on agricultural markets should be reduced. Accession to the WTO is an important and encouraging signal that policy makers are willing to adopt less intrusive and more stable trade, market and price policies. In the investment sphere, priorities include food safety monitoring and certification systems, trade infrastructure and logistic capacity, food chain management, technical advisory and market information systems, streamlined and transparent customs procedures, land markets, and research and education institutions 40 17-11-21 00:19:02.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873349 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19478 Volltext, Open Access

1759728780

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728780 OCoLC 1255600937 WBOKR 18901 EBP 064560961 KEP 064560961 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18901 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Least Cost Electricity Master Plan, Djibouti Volume 2. Appendices World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Djibouti Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCOUNT s ACCOUNTS s AIR POLLUTION s AMBIENT AIR s AMMONIA s APPROACH s ATMOSPHERE s ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BEST PRACTICES s BUSINESS ACTIVITIES s BUSINESS CENTER s BUTANE s CALCIUM s CAPABILITY s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBONATES s CEMENT s CHEMICAL ANALYSIS s CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS s CLIMATE s CO s COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY s COMPUTER SYSTEMS s CONDENSATION s CONFIDENTIALITY s CONVENTIONAL STEAM TURBINES s COOLING TOWERS s CORROSION s COST ESTIMATES s COST OF ELECTRICITY s CYCLE TECHNOLOGY s DEEP WELLS s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DEMAND FOR POWER s DEMAND FORECAST s DEMAND PLANNING s DESALINATION s DIESEL s DIESEL ENGINES s DISSOLVED SOLIDS s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DOMESTIC ENERGY s DOSING s DRILLING s E-MAIL s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT s ELECTRIC GENERATION s ELECTRIC SYSTEM s ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION s ELECTRIC UTILITIES s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SALES s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s ELECTRIFICATION s EMISSIONS s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY RESOURCES s ENERGY SOURCE s ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES s EQUIPMENT s EVAPORATION s EXPLORATION DRILLING s EXPLORATORY DRILLING PROGRAM s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL RISK s FLASH s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUEL POWER s FOSSIL FUEL POWER PLANTS s FUEL s FUEL COSTS s FUELS s GAS EXTRACTION s GENERATION s GENERATION CAPACITY s GEOCHEMISTRY s GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT s GEOTHERMAL ENERGY s GEOTHERMAL FIELD s GEOTHERMAL FLUID s GEOTHERMAL FLUIDS s GEOTHERMAL PLANT s GEOTHERMAL PLANTS s GEOTHERMAL POWER s GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT s GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS s GEOTHERMAL POWER PRODUCTION s GEOTHERMAL PROJECT s GEOTHERMAL PROJECTS s GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR s GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIRS s GEOTHERMAL RESOURCE s GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES s GEOTHERMAL SITE s GEOTHERMAL STEAM s GEOTHERMAL WELLS s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GASES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROUNDWATER LEVEL s HEAT s HEAT EXCHANGER s HEAT RECOVERY s HEAVY METALS s HOT SPRINGS s HYDROCHLORIC ACID s HYDROELECTRIC POTENTIAL s HYDROGEN s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INFORMATION DISSEMINATION s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENTS s INPUT DATA s INSTALLATION s INSTITUTION s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s IRON s KEROSENE s KILOWATT HOUR s LICENSE s LICENSES s LOAD FACTOR s MAGNESIUM s MAINTENANCE COSTS s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NH3 s OIL s OIL PRICES s OIL PRODUCTS s OIL WELLS s PEAK DEMAND s PH s PHONE s POLYMERS s POWER s POWER DEMAND s POWER GENERATION s POWER PLANTS s POWER PROJECT s POWER STATION s POWER STATIONS s POWER SUPPLY s POWER SYSTEM s PRECIPITATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC UTILITY s RANKINE CYCLE s REFINERY FACILITIES s RELIABILITY s REPORTING s RESOURCE PLANNING s RESULT s RESULTS s SALES FORECASTING s SHALLOW RESERVOIR s SILICA s SILICATES s SITES s SMOKE s SOLAR ENERGY s SOURCE OF ENERGY s STEAM HEAT s STEAM TURBINE s SULPHUR s SULPHUR DIOXIDE s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s TARGETS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES s TEMPERATURE s THERMAL POWER s TRADITIONAL GENERATION s TRAINING COURSE s TRANSMISSION GRID s TRANSMISSION LINES s TURBINE s TURBINE GENERATORS s UNDERGROUND ROCKS s USES s VOLTAGE s WIND s WIND DATA s WIND DEVELOPMENT s WIND ENERGY s WIND POWER s WIND RESOURCES pha English en_US Djibouti is characterized by a large urban population. About 70 per cent of the population lives in the main town of Djibouti-Ville, 11 per cent live in secondary towns and the remainder in a rural setting, including a substantial nomadic population. The country s electrification rate is about 50 per cent. Electricité de Djibouti (EdD), the national state-owned utility, report that there are approximately 38,000 electricity connections for the Djibouti-Ville metropolitan area. There is a total reliance on imported oil products as the fuels for electricity generation and the country has no hydroelectric potential. This has implied very high costs of production and of electricity generation in particular. Due to the high cost of electricity and high connection fees, the electrification rate remains relatively low and mostly available to the privileged, while performance of critical social and commercial sectors are hampered. The World Bank appointed Parsons Brinckerhoff (PB) to undertake engineering consultancy services for the preparation of an electricity sector least cost master plan for Djibouti. The objectives of the assignment are: To define the least-cost investment program for the development of Djibouti s electric generation, transmission and distribution system for the next 25 years, particularly taking into consideration the country s resources and recent economic and sector developments. Particular attention and detail should be given for the short-term forecast period (first 5 years) of the plan. To provide EdD and the Government of Djibouti (GoD) a comprehensive report, model and database for the further development of its systems and updates of the plan as needed. To provide EdD and the Ministry of Energy & Natural Resources (MENR) with some basic planning capacity and tools to update some key components of the master plan as needed. Volume 1 is the main report, and Volume 2 consists of appendices 40 17-11-21 00:19:02.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873357 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18901 Volltext, Open Access

1759728799

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728799 OCoLC 1255600738 WBOKR 18905 EBP 064560953 KEP 064560953 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18905 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Least Cost Electricity Master Plan, Djibouti Volume 1. Main Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Djibouti Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s AGRICULTURE s AIR s AIR CONDITIONERS s AIR CONDITIONING s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BASES s CEMENT s CLIMATE s COMMERCE s COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS s CONDITIONERS s CONSUMERS s COOKING s COST OF ELECTRICITY s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DEMAND FOR ENERGY s DEMAND FOR POWER s DEMAND FORECAST s DEMAND FORECASTING s DEMAND GROWTH s DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT s DESALINATION s DIESEL s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DONOR AGENCIES s DRILLING s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EFFICIENT LIGHTING s ELASTICITY s ELASTICITY OF DEMAND s ELECTRIC GENERATION s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SALES s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY SYSTEM s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s ELECTRICITY USAGE s ELECTRIFICATION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES s ENERGY LOSSES s ENERGY NEEDS s ENERGY POLICY s ENERGY USE s EXPENDITURE s FORECASTING TECHNIQUES s FORECASTS s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s FUEL s FUEL CONSUMPTION s FUEL COST s FUEL COSTS s FUEL PRICE s FUELS s GAS s GAS TURBINE s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GENERATING CAPACITY s GENERATION s GENERATION CAPACITY s GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HEAT s HEAVY FUEL OIL s HUMIDITY s HYDROELECTRIC POTENTIAL s HYDROELECTRIC POWER s INFLATION s KEROSENE s KILOWATT HOUR s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAD FACTOR s M1 s M2 s M3 s MARGINAL COST s MARKET SHARE s MARKETPLACE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEGATIVE IMPACT s OIL PRICE s OIL PRODUCTS s PEAK DEMAND s PEAK DEMAND PERIODS s PEAK POWER s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM DEMAND s POTENTIAL DEMAND s POWER s POWER DEMAND s POWER PLANT s POWER PLANTS s POWER PRODUCERS s POWER STATION s POWER STATIONS s POWER SYSTEM s POWER SYSTEMS s PRICE FORECAST s PRODUCTION CAPACITY s RAINFALL s REAL GDP s REBATE s REGRESSION ANALYSIS s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES s RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s SOURCE OF ENERGY s SURPLUS s SURPLUS ENERGY s TOTAL ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s TRANSMISSION LOSSES s TRANSMISSION SYSTEM s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UTILITIES s UTILITY COSTS s VALUE ADDED s VOLATILITY s VOLTAGE s WIND s WIND DATA s WIND RESOURCES English en_US Djibouti is characterized by a large urban population. About 70 per cent of the population lives in the main town of Djibouti-Ville, 11 per cent live in secondary towns and the remainder in a rural setting, including a substantial nomadic population. The country s electrification rate is about 50 per cent. Electricité de Djibouti (EdD), the national state-owned utility, report that there are approximately 38,000 electricity connections for the Djibouti-Ville metropolitan area. There is a total reliance on imported oil products as the fuels for electricity generation and the country has no hydroelectric potential. This has implied very high costs of production and of electricity generation in particular. Due to the high cost of electricity and high connection fees, the electrification rate remains relatively low and mostly available to the privileged, while performance of critical social and commercial sectors are hampered. The World Bank appointed Parsons Brinckerhoff (PB) to undertake engineering consultancy services for the preparation of an electricity sector least cost master plan for Djibouti. The objectives of the assignment are: To define the least-cost investment program for the development of Djibouti s electric generation, transmission and distribution system for the next 25 years, particularly taking into consideration the country s resources and recent economic and sector developments. Particular attention and detail should be given for the short-term forecast period (first 5 years) of the plan. To provide EdD and the Government of Djibouti (GoD) a comprehensive report, model and database for the further development of its systems and updates of the plan as needed. To provide EdD and the Ministry of Energy & Natural Resources (MENR) with some basic planning capacity and tools to update some key components of the master plan as needed. Volume 1 is the main report, and Volume 2 consists of appendices 40 17-11-21 00:19:02.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873365 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18905 Volltext, Open Access

1759728802

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728802 OCoLC 1255600944 WBOKR 18904 EBP 064560945 KEP 064560945 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18904 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Pakistan NWFP Growth Policy Note, Volume 2. Annexes World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACTION PLAN s AGRICULTURE s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s AUTOMATION s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BENCHMARKING s BENCHMARKS s BRAND s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS INFORMATION s BUY SIDE s BUYER s BUYERS s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CARTEL s CERTIFICATES s CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s COLLUSION s COMMERCE s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER PREFERENCES s CONSUMERS s CONTROL SYSTEMS s COORDINATION MECHANISMS s CUSTOM s DEFORESTATION s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS s DOMAIN s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIC VALUE s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ELASTICITY s ENVIRONMENTAL s EQUIPMENT s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT OPPORTUNITY s EXPORTS s FAIR s FAIR TRADE s FARMS s FEASIBILITY STUDY s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINISHED PRODUCT s FINISHED PRODUCTS s FISHERIES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREST MANAGEMENT s GDP s GEOLOGICAL DATA s GLOBAL MARKET s GLOBAL MARKETPLACE s GLOBAL MARKETS s GLOBALIZATION s GROWTH POLICY s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s HARDWARE s HYPERMARKET s HYPERMARKETS s IMAGE s INCOME LEVELS s INDUSTRY PRODUCTIVITY s INFORMATION DISSEMINATION s INFORMATION PROVISION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INNOVATION s INPUT PRICES s INPUT PROVIDERS s INSPECTION s INSPECTIONS s INSTALLATIONS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s ITC s LABOR COSTS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LICENSES s LOGGING s MAFIA s MANUFACTURING s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DEMAND s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET OPPORTUNITIES s MARKET OPPORTUNITY s MARKET POSITION s MARKET PRICES s MARKET RESEARCH s MARKET SEGMENT s MARKET SEGMENTS s MARKET SHARE s MARKET STUDY s MARKET TRENDS s MARKET VALUE s MARKETING s MARKETPLACE s MARKETPLACES s MATERIAL s MERCHANDISE s MERCHANDISE TRADE s MERCHANDISING s MIDDLEMEN s MOBILE ACCESS s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEW MARKET s NEW MARKETS s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY s OPPORTUNITY COST s PATENTS s PER CAPITA INCOME s PILOT PROJECTS s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY INSTRUMENTS s PREMIUM PRICE s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCERS s PRODUCT DELIVERY s PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT s PRODUCT MARKET s PRODUCT QUALITY s PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION INPUTS s PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY s PROFIT MARGIN s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC GOOD s PURCHASING s QUALITY STANDARDS s REFRIGERATION s RELIABILITY s RESULT s RESULTS s RETAIL s RETAILING s SALE s SALES s SPREAD s STORAGE FACILITIES s SUBSTITUTE s SUBSTITUTES s SUPERMARKET s SUPERMARKETS s SUPPLIER s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAINS s SUPPLY OF RAW MATERIALS s SURPLUSES s SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY s TARGET MARKETS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL EXPERTISE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TECHNOLOGY INITIATIVES s TIMBER s TIMBER PRICES s TOTAL COSTS s TRACKING SYSTEMS s VALUATION s VALUE ADDED s VALUE CHAIN s VIRUSES s WAGES s WEB s WEB SITE s WHOLESALER s WHOLESALERS s WORLD MARKETS English en_US The Government of the North West Frontier Province requested, in the spring of 2007, an economic growth policy note as a follow up to the Provincial Economic Report of December 2005. The provincial government was in particular interested in analysis at the industry level of key industries with high growth potential, and a joint decision was quickly made to study the value chain of three industries; horticulture, furniture, and gems and jewelry. In addition to studying constraints to growth at the sector level, the intent has been to also have an in-depth analysis of the provincial investment climate in a chapter on crosscutting constraints. This would draw on data from the survey that would form the basis for the Second Investment Climate Assessment to be produced by the World Bank. The data from this survey has been delayed, so the crosscutting section of this policy note with the investment climate analysis will be presented in a follow up version of the policy note in the last quarter of 2008. Volume 1 is the main report, and Volume 2 consists of annexes 40 17-11-21 00:19:02.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873373 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18904 Volltext, Open Access

1759728810

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728810 OCoLC 1255600704 WBOKR 18900 EBP 064560937 KEP 064560937 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18900 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Decentralization and Deconcentration in Morocco Cross-Sectoral Status Review World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Morocco s DECENTRALIZATION s DECONCENTRATION s PUBLIC SERVICE MANAGEMENT s REVENUE s SPENDING POWER s STRATEGIC SECTORS s SUBNATIONAL LEVEL English en_US This report will look at how the Government of Morocco (GoM) has addressed the issues of decentralization and deconcentration in recent years. It discusses how these processes have affected public policies at the sub-national level and a number of strategic sectors, including agriculture, irrigation, water and waste water, health, education, energy, transport, urban, housing, and solid waste management. Specifically, the report will analyze the current legislative and institutional arrangements governing sub-national accountability, revenue and spending powers, and public service management at the sub-national level and within the strategic sectors. It is to serve as background input for the World Bank team preparing the new Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) 2010/2013. The Report builds on the findings from project appraisal documents, economic and sector work, policy notes, mission aide memoires, and implementation completion reports already completed by the World Bank 40 17-11-21 00:19:02.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873381 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18900 Volltext, Open Access

1759728829

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728829 OCoLC 1255600695 WBOKR 18894 EBP 064560929 KEP 064560929 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18894 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bulgaria Policy Note Financial Sector World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Bulgaria Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTING s BALANCE SHEET s BANK CREDIT s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK OPERATIONS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCIES s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURES s BANKRUPTCY RESOLUTION s BENEFICIARIES s BOND s BOND MARKET s BUSINESS INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL NEEDS s CAPITAL RATIO s CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s CDS s CENTRAL BANK s CONSUMER LOANS s CONTAGION s CONTINGENCY PLANS s CORPORATE BORROWING s CORPORATE LAW s CORPORATE RESTRUCTURING s CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY s COURT SYSTEM s CREDIT AVAILABILITY s CREDIT DEFAULT s CREDIT DEFAULT SWAPS s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISKS s CREDIT SOURCE s CREDITOR s CREDITOR RIGHTS s CREDITORS s CURRENCY BOARD s CURRENCY BOARD ARRANGEMENT s CURRENCY MISMATCHES s CURRENCY RISKS s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT LEVEL s DEBTS s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITOR s DEPOSITORS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DOMESTIC BANKING s DOMESTIC INVESTORS s ECONOMIC DOWNTURN s EMPLOYMENT s ENTERPRISE CREDIT s EQUITY INVESTMENTS s EQUITY MARKET s EQUITY MARKET DEVELOPMENTS s EXISTING DEBTS s EXPOSURES s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FUNDING s FINANCIAL AUTHORITIES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL STRESSES s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL POLICIES s FIXED INVESTMENT s FLOW OF CREDIT s FOREIGN BANK s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY EXPOSURE s FOREIGN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FORMAL BANKRUPTCY s FORMAL BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURES s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s HOLDINGS s HOME COUNTRY s INSOLVENCY s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE INDUSTRIES s INTEREST RATES s INVESTMENT FINANCE s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT REGULATIONS s INVESTMENTS IN EQUITY s JUDICIARY s JUDICIARY SYSTEM s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RISK s LOAN s LOAN ORIGINATIONS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES s MARKET BORROWING s MARKET RISK s MARKET RISKS s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MORTGAGES s NATIONAL BANK s NET ASSETS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OUTPUT s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSIONS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO QUALITY s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PROFITABILITY s RAPID GROWTH s RATE OF RETURN s REAL ESTATE s REALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s REGULATORY AUTHORITIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVE s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESERVES s RETIREMENT s RETURN ON ASSETS s RETURNS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKETS s SHAREHOLDERS s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SHORT-TERM EXTERNAL DEBT s SOLVENCY s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKET PRICES s STOCKS s SUBSIDIARIES s TOTAL DEBT s TRANSPARENCY s WHOLESALE BANK s WITHDRAWAL s WORKING CAPITAL s WORKOUTS English en_US This report describes developments in the banking sector. The banking sector has remained stable throughout the ongoing financial crisis, although profitability is declining. Indicators suggest that banks are generally sound. It next describes the state of funding of bank operations, including wholesale bank funding. In response to financial stress, The Bulgarian National Bank's (BNB) actions have helped to ensure financial stability in the banking sector. In order to boost confidence, deposit insurance has increased. External funding dynamics are generally good. Foreign currency mismatches are substantial, and the corporate sector has high direct foreign currency exposure, mostly in euros. Short-term external debt (deposits and borrowings) of banks almost doubled within a year in 2008, and account for close to 80 percent of banks' external debt. Regarding recent trends in credit to the enterprise sector, going forward, demand for banking credit, and especially investment finance, will fall, in line with the economic downturn. In equity market developments, Bulgaria's stock market plunged, with adverse consequences for pension funds. Global deleveraging by foreign institutional investors led to a withdrawal of their holdings from the Sofia stock exchange, leading to a collapse of stock market prices. The report concludes with several policy recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:19:02.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987339X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18894 Volltext, Open Access

1759728837

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728837 OCoLC 1255600951 WBOKR 18895 EBP 064560910 KEP 064560910 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18895 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Realizing the Potential of FDI to Diversify Lesotho's Exports An Assessment of the Key Opportunities and Constraints Kebede Feda VerfasserIn aut Ian Gillson VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Africa Lesotho s ACCOUNTING s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURE s APPAREL s APPAREL PRODUCTS s ARBITRAGE s AUTONOMY s BALANCE SHEET s BENEFICIARIES s BONDED WAREHOUSES s BRAND s BUSINESS CLIMATE s CAPITAL GOODS s CAPITAL INPUTS s CATERING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMERS s CORPORATE TAX s CORPORATE TAX RATE s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CURRENT ENVIRONMENT s CUSTOMS CLEARANCE s CUSTOMS PROCEDURES s CUSTOMS UNION s DEEDS s DEMAND ANALYSES s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DIRECT ACCESS s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC PRODUCTION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC POWERHOUSE s EFFICIENT MARKET s ENTERPRISE ASSISTANCE s EPZ s EXCESS DEMAND s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORT PROCESSING s EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES s EXPORT SECTOR s EXPORTER s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL TARIFF s FEASIBILITY STUDY s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN FIRMS s FOREIGN INTERESTS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN MARKETS s FOREIGN NATIONAL s FOREIGN SOURCES s FOREIGN TRADE s FORM OF COLLATERAL s FREE ACCESS s GDP s GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOVERNMENT FUNDS s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION s GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HOST COUNTRIES s HOST COUNTRY s HOST GOVERNMENTS s ID CARD s IMPORT DUTIES s INCOME TAX s INTERNAL RATES OF RETURN s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT ACTIVITY s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT INCENTIVES s INVESTMENT LOAN s INVESTOR DEMAND s ISSUANCES s JOB CREATION s JOINT VENTURE s JOINT VENTURES s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND REFORM s LAND TITLE s LDCS s LEASE AGREEMENTS s LIBERALIZATION English en_US This policy note assesses the potential of foreign direct investment (FDI) to diversify Lesotho s exports. Lesotho must preserve capacity to produce more and better goods, seek new markets, preserve existing manufacturing jobs, undertake structural and institutional reforms, and take advantage of its location inside South Africa. Given the low savings in the country, as well as major fiscal challenges arising from declines in SACU revenues which leave fewer resources for public investments, and most crucially the need for international entrepreneurial know-how, the prospects for growth in new sectors will depend on the country s ability to attract new foreign direct investments, particularly from South Africa. This note also addresses the policy and structural constraints that must be overcome to attract FDI 40 17-11-21 00:19:02.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873403 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18895 Volltext, Open Access

1759728845

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728845 OCoLC 1255600958 WBOKR 18906 EBP 064560902 KEP 064560902 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18906 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Congo Investment Climate Policy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Africa Congo, Republic of s ACCESS TO BANK ACCOUNTS s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES s ACCESS TO INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s ARREARS s ARTERIES s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK FINANCING s BANKING REGULATIONS s BANKING SECTOR s BORROWING s BORROWINGS s BROADBAND ACCESS s BUSINESS ACTIVITY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CENTRAL BANK s CIVIL WAR s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL DEBT s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICES s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s CORRUPTION s COSTS OF TRANSPORT s COUNTRY COMPARISONS s CREATION OF JOBS s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT HISTORY s CREDIT SOURCE s CREDITS s CRITICAL MASS s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC MARKET s DRIVING s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC REFORMS s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EMPLOYMENT s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTS s ENTREPRENEURS s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s ENTRY POINT s EQUAL ACCESS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPORTER s EXPORTERS s FARES s FEMALE BUSINESS s FEMALE BUSINESS OWNERSHIP s FINANCE ACCESS s FINANCIAL CAPACITY s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR STRATEGY s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FIRM PERFORMANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED ASSETS s FIXED RATE s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROWTH RATE s GUARANTEE FUND s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME s INCOME INEQUALITY s INDEBTED COUNTRIES s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INFRASTRUCTURES s INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL FUNDS s INTERNATIONAL BORROWING s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE REFORMS s INVESTMENT PLAN s INVESTMENT RATE s ISSUANCE s JOB CREATION s JUDICIAL ENVIRONMENT s JUDICIAL INSTITUTIONS s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LACK OF ACCESS s LAND TITLES s LIMITED ACCESS s LIMITED ACCESS TO BANK s LIMITED LIABILITY s LINE OF CREDIT s LINES OF CREDIT s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN APPLICATION s LOSS OF CONFIDENCE s MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY s MATCHING GRANTS s MICRO-ENTERPRISES s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MICROFINANCE SECTOR s MINORITY PARTICIPATION s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE PHONES s NATIONAL TRANSPORT s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEW ENTRANTS s NONPAYMENT s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OIL RESOURCES s OPERATING COSTS s OVERDRAFT s OVERDRAFT FACILITIES s OVERDRAFT FACILITY s PARTIAL CREDIT s POLITICAL STABILITY s POWER OUTAGES s PRIVATE ENTERPRISES s PRIVATE INFRASTRUCTURE s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPRIETORSHIP s PROPRIETORSHIPS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC UTILITIES s RAIL s RAILWAY s RATE OF RETURN s RATES OF RETURN s REAL ESTATE s RECESSION s RED TAPE s REGIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s RETAINED EARNINGS s ROAD s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROADS s RULE OF LAW s SAVINGS s SAVINGS ACCOUNT s SETTLEMENT s SMALL FARMERS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s STRATEGIC INVESTORS s SURFACE TRANSPORT s SURFACE TRANSPORTATION s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX RATES s TAX SYSTEM s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRADE FLOWS s TRADING s TRADITIONAL INVESTMENT s TRAFFIC s TRAINING CENTERS s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT INDUSTRIES s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TREATY s TRUE s TURNOVER s UNACCEPTABLE COLLATERAL s UNFAIR COMPETITION s UNION s URBAN AREAS s VOUCHER s WEALTH s WORKING CAPITAL s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS English en_US This Investment Climate Policy Note (ICPN) identifies the main constraints to the development of the private sector in the Republic of Congo, based on a survey of enterprises operating in the manufacturing and services sectors, in Pointe Noire and Brazzaville, and to propose specific short term recommendations to address these constraints. The ICPN emphasizes cross-country comparisons and benchmarks the investment climate across various firm characteristics. It is a targeted report focusing on a smaller set of indicators of firm performance and concentrating on certain dimensions of the investment climate. It aims to answer the following key questions: (i) what are the required reforms to improve the investment climate in Congo, (ii) how to prioritize these reforms and (iii) how to implement the priority reforms, what could be the institutional mechanism to drive the reform agenda? The report begins with a discussion of Congo s background, and Chapter 2 describes the investment climate. The last chapter makes recommendations going forward 40 17-11-21 00:19:02.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873411 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18906 Volltext, Open Access

1759728853

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728853 OCoLC 1255600965 WBOKR 18548 EBP 064560899 KEP 064560899 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18548 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Transit ITS Implementation Guidance Part 3. Technical Studies Associated with ITS Management World Bank VerfasserIn aut Beijing 2009 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ANALYTICAL TOOLS s APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT s APPLICATION SOFTWARE s BACKUP s BASIC s BEST PRACTICES s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS HOURS s BUSINESS PROCESSES s CALL CENTER s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s CAPACITY BUILDING s COMPLEXITY s COMPUTERS s CONSULTING SERVICES s CONTRACTORS s DATA CAPTURE s DATA ENTRY s DATA MANAGEMENT s DESCRIPTION s DISCLOSURE s DISCUSSION s DISCUSSIONS s E-MAIL s ENGINEERING s EQUIPMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS s HARDWARE s HELP DESK s ID s IDENTIFICATION NUMBER s INFORMATION FLOWS s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTALLATION s INSTALLATIONS s INTEGRATION s LICENSES s MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s MANAGEMENT REVIEW s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s NEW TECHNOLOGY s OPERATING ENVIRONMENT s OPERATING ENVIRONMENTS s OPERATING SYSTEM s OPERATING SYSTEMS s OUTSOURCING s PROBABILITY s PROCUREMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s QUALITY STANDARDS s QUERIES s REDUNDANCY s RELIABILITY s RELIABILITY ANALYSIS s RESULT s RESULTS s SMART CARD s SOFTWARE PROGRAMS s SOFTWARE UPGRADE s STANDARDIZATION s SUPERVISION s SYSTEM SOFTWARE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE s TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT s TELEPHONE s TIME PERIOD s TIME PERIODS s TRANSACTION s TRANSPORTATION NETWORK s USER s USER INTERFACES s USERS s USES s VARIETY s VENDOR s VENDORS s WEBSITE English en_US There has been increased ... 40 17-11-21 00:19:03.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987342X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18548 Volltext, Open Access

1759728861

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728861 OCoLC 1255600696 WBOKR 18549 EBP 064560880 KEP 064560880 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18549 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Transit ITS Implementation Guidance Part 1. Introduction to Transit ITS World Bank VerfasserIn aut Beijing 2009 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCIDENTS s AIR QUALITY s ANIMATION s APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT s APPLICATION SOFTWARE s ATTRIBUTES s AUTOMATIC VEHICLE LOCATION s AVERAGE SPEED s BACKUP s BEAMS s BUS s BUS LANES s BUS OPERATIONS s BUS ROUTE s BUS ROUTES s BUS STATION s BUS STOP s BUS STOPS s BUSES s BUSINESS HOURS s BUSINESS PROCESSES s CALL CENTER s CAPABILITY s CELL PHONE s COMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMPONENTS s COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES s COMPUTERS s CONGESTION s CPU s CUSTOM s CUSTOMER DATA s CUSTOMER SERVICE s CUSTOMIZATION s DATA ANALYSIS s DATA ARCHITECTURE s DATA ENTRY s DATA MANAGEMENT s DEVICES s DRIVERS s ENGINEERING s EQUIPMENT s FARE COLLECTION s FARE REVENUE s FARE STRUCTURE s FARE SYSTEM s FARE SYSTEMS s FILTERS s FLAT FARE s FLAT FARES s FRAMEWORK s GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM s GPS s GRAPHICS s HARDWARE s HEADWAY s HELP DESK s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY ENGINEERING s IDENTIFICATION NUMBER s IMAGE s IMPLEMENTING AGENCY s INCOME s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRARED s INSTALLATION s INSTALLATIONS s INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE s INTERFACE s INTERNAL BUSINESS s INTERSECTION s INTERSECTIONS s INTRUSION DETECTION s IVR s LICENSES s LIGHT RAIL s LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT s LOAD FACTOR s LOADING s LOCATION OF BUS STOPS s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MARKET RESEARCH s MARKETING s MEDIA s MESSAGING s MOBILE TELEPHONE s NEW TECHNOLOGY s OPERATING ENVIRONMENTS s OPERATING SYSTEM s OPERATING SYSTEMS s OVERPASSES s PASSENGER s PDF s PEDESTRIANS s PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s PLASTIC CARDS s PROCUREMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROTOTYPE s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s QUALITY OF SERVICE s QUERIES s QUERY s RADIO s RADIO FREQUENCY s RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION s RADIOS s RAPID TRANSIT s REAL TIME s REAL-TIME DATA s RELIABILITY s RESULTS s RFID s ROUTERS s ROUTINE MAINTENANCE s SAFETY s SATELLITE s SATELLITES s SENSORS s SIMULATION s SMART CARD s SMART CARDS s SOCIAL ISSUE s SOFTWARE UPGRADE s SPAN s SPREADSHEET s SPREADSHEETS s STANDARDIZATION s STREETS s STRUCTURES s SUPERVISION s SYSTEM DESIGN s SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT s SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS s SYSTEM SOFTWARE s TARGETS s TECHNICAL ISSUES s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE s TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT s TERMINALS s TIME PERIOD s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC ENGINEERING s TRAFFIC LIGHTS s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRAFFIC SIGNALS s TRAFFIC VOLUMES s TRANSACTION s TRANSIT FARES s TRANSIT SYSTEMS s TRAVEL TIME s TRIPS s URBAN TRANSPORTATION s USER s USERS s USES s VEHICLES s WAITING TIME s WALKING s WEB s WEBSITE s WIFI s WORKSTATION English en_US There has been increased ... 40 17-11-21 00:19:03.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873438 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18549 Volltext, Open Access

175972887X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972887X OCoLC 1255600799 WBOKR 19473 EBP 064560872 KEP 064560872 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19473 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Teacher Development and Management Overview of Policy Briefs Eric Allemano VerfasserIn aut Neil Baumgart VerfasserIn aut David Chapman VerfasserIn aut Helen Craig VerfasserIn aut Richard Kraft VerfasserIn aut Ralph Rawlinson VerfasserIn aut Hilary Thornton VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource s ACCREDITATION s ACCREDITATION SYSTEMS s ADEQUATE INFRASTRUCTURE s ADULTS s BASIC SKILLS s CAREER s CAREER DEVELOPMENT s CAREER OPPORTUNITIES s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM ENVIRONMENT s CLASSROOM LEVEL s CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT s CLASSROOM MATERIALS s CLASSROOM PRACTICE s CLASSROOMS s CONTINUING EDUCATION s COURSE WORK s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM MATERIALS s DEGREES s EDUCATION LEADERS s EDUCATION MANAGERS s EDUCATION PROGRAMS s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL QUALITY s EFFECT ON STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s EFFECTIVE TEACHERS s EXPERIENCED TEACHERS s FACULTIES s FREE BOOKS s GRADING s INSTRUCTION s INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES s INTERACTIVE RADIO s JOB SECURITY s LEARNING s LESSON PLANS s MASTER TEACHERS s MENTORS s MINISTRIES OF EDUCATION s OPPORTUNITIES FOR TEACHERS s ORPHANS s PAPERS s PEDAGOGICAL KNOWLEDGE s PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE s PEDAGOGIES s PEDAGOGY s POLICY BRIEFS s PRACTICE TEACHING s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL LEVEL s PROBLEM SOLVING s PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s PROFESSIONAL GROWTH s PROFESSIONAL LIFE s PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF TEACHERS s QUALITY TEACHING s REASONING s RESOURCE CENTER s RESOURCE CENTERS s SCHOLARSHIPS s SCHOOL CLIMATE s SCHOOL CLUSTERS s SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT s SCHOOL PERSONNEL s SCHOOL PRINCIPALS s SCHOOL SETTING s SCHOOL SETTINGS s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY GRADUATES s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SERVICE EDUCATION s SERVICE TRAINING s SKILL DEVELOPMENT s SPECIFIC COMPETENCIES s STAFF DEVELOPMENT s STREET CHILDREN s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s STUDENT TEACHING s SUBJECTS s TEACHER s TEACHER BEHAVIORS s TEACHER CERTIFICATION s TEACHER DEVELOPMENT s TEACHER EDUCATION s TEACHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAMS s TEACHER EDUCATORS s TEACHER EFFECTIVENESS s TEACHER GUIDES s TEACHER INCENTIVES s TEACHER LICENSING s TEACHER MANAGEMENT s TEACHER MOTIVATION s TEACHER PREPARATION s TEACHER RECRUITMENT s TEACHER SUPERVISION s TEACHER SUPPORT s TEACHER TRAINEES s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHER TRAINING INSTITUTIONS s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING EXPERIENCE s TEACHING MATERIALS s TEACHING PRACTICE s TEACHING STAFF s TRAINEES s TRAINING COLLEGE s TRAINING INSTITUTES s TUTORING s UNIVERSITIES s WORK FORCE s WRITTEN EXAMINATIONS s YOUTH English en_US This is an overview of policy briefs on continuous professional development of teachers, from the ealiest years onward.Studies focussed on the early years are: Effective Teachers and Performance Standards, which looks at how formal qualifications of teachers, and other information frequently recorded on a database of teachers, seldom predict effectiveness in raising student achievement. Accreditation of teacher education institutions and programs; Teacher Certification; Teacher Educators and Initial Teacher Education Programs; Teacher Recruitment and Deployment (paper forthcoming). Papers focussed on the years after the initial training are: Induction Programs for Newly Trained Teachers; Continuous Professional Development (CPD); Teacher Support Networks; Teacher Motivation: Incentives and Working Conditions; Teacher Supervision and Monitoring (paper forthcoming); Teacher Collaboration (paper forthcoming); Professional Development Frameworks (paper forthcoming); Role of Unions/Professional Associations to Support Teachers (paper forthcoming). Additonal topics are: HIV and AIDS and Teachers, and Specific Skill Development including use of technology and multi-grade instruction (papers forthcoming) 40 17-11-21 00:19:03.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873446 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19473 Volltext, Open Access

1759728888

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728888 OCoLC 1255600649 WBOKR 18891 EBP 064560864 KEP 064560864 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18891 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Pakistan NWFP Growth Policy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACTION PLAN s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURE s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s BARGAINING s BARGAINING POWER s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BENCHMARKS s BENEFIT ANALYSIS s BEST PRACTICES s BRAND s BRANDS s BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS s BUSINESS ENTITIES s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESSES s BUYER s BUYERS s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CATERING s CERTIFICATES s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s COAL s COLLECTIVE ACTION s COLLUSION s COMMODITIES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONNECTIVITY s CONSUMER DEMAND s CONSUMER PREFERENCES s COORDINATION MECHANISMS s COST ANALYSIS s CUSTOM s CUSTOMS s DEFORESTATION s DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS s DOMAIN s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ELECTRICITY s ENVIRONMENTAL s EQUIPMENT s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORTS s FAIR s FAIR TRADE s FARMS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FISHERIES s FOREST MANAGEMENT s FORESTRY s FORWARD MARKETS s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GEOLOGICAL DATA s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GROWTH POLICY s GROWTH POTENTIAL s INCOME LEVELS s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INFORMATION DISSEMINATION s INFORMATION PROVISION s INPUT PRICES s INSPECTIONS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICE s INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s IP s LABOR COSTS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LICENSE s LICENSE FEES s LOGGING s MAFIA s MANUFACTURING s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET POSITION s MARKET PRICES s MARKET RESEARCH s MARKET SEGMENTS s MARKET STUDY s MARKET TRENDS s MARKETING s MARKETPLACE s MATERIAL s MERCHANDISING s MERCHANTS s METALS s MIDDLEMEN s MINES s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEW MARKETS s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s OBSOLETE TECHNOLOGY s OPPORTUNITY COST s OUTPUTS s POLICY INSTRUMENTS s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s POTENTIAL OUTPUT s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCERS s PRODUCT FLOW s PRODUCT QUALITY s PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY s PROFIT MARGIN s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC GOODS s QUALITY STANDARDS s RELIABILITY s RENTS s RESULT s RESULTS s RETAIL s RETAILING s SAFETY s SAFETY STANDARDS s SALE s SALES s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SITES s SOCIAL CONFLICT s SPREAD s STANDARDIZATION s SUBSTITUTES s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY OF RAW MATERIALS s SURPLUSES s TARGET MARKETS s TARGETS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL STAFF s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TIMBER s TRACKING SYSTEMS s TRADE FACILITATION s TRAINING COURSES s UNEMPLOYMENT s VALUE ADDED s VALUE CHAIN s VALUE CHAINS s WEALTH s WHOLESALERS English en_US The Government of the North West Frontier Province requested, in the spring of 2007, an economic growth policy note as a follow up to the Provincial Economic Report of December 2005. The provincial government was in particular interested in analysis at the industry level of key industries with high growth potential, and a joint decision was quickly made to study the value chain of three industries; horticulture, furniture, and gems and jewelry. In addition to studying constraints to growth at the sector level, the intent has been to also have an in-depth analysis of the provincial investment climate in a chapter on crosscutting constraints. This would draw on data from the survey that would form the basis for the Second Investment Climate Assessment to be produced by the World Bank. The data from this survey has been delayed, so the crosscutting section of this policy note with the investment climate analysis will be presented in a follow up version of the policy note in the last quarter of 2008. Volume 1 is the main report, and Volume 2 consists of annexes 40 17-11-21 00:19:03.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873454 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18891 Volltext, Open Access

1759728896

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728896 OCoLC 1255600869 WBOKR 18601 EBP 064560856 KEP 064560856 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18601 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bulgaria Forest Policy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Bulgaria Europe and Central Asia s ABANDONED AGRICULTURAL LANDS s ADJACENT FOREST s AFFORESTATION s AFFORESTATION ACTIVITIES s AFFORESTATION PROJECTS s AGRICULTURAL LANDS s AGRICULTURE s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s ALPINE FOREST s ANECDOTAL EVIDENCE s AREAS OF FOREST s BIODIVERSITY s BIOMASS s BIRDS s BOILERS s CARBON s CARBON ALLOWANCES s CARBON EMISSIONS s CARBON FINANCE s CARBON FORESTRY s CARBON MANAGEMENT s CARBON MARKET s CARBON MARKETS s CARBON SEQUESTRATION s CHANGES IN LAND USE s CHESTNUT FORESTS s CLEAN WATER s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATIC REGIONS s CONIFERS s CONSERVATION s CONSERVATION VALUE s CONSUMER DEMAND s DEFORESTATION s DEFORESTATION ACTIVITIES s DESTRUCTION OF FORESTS s DEVELOPMENT OF FORESTRY s EMISSION s EMISSION CAP s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSION REDUCTION TARGETS s EMISSION REDUCTIONS s EMISSION TRADING s EMISSIONS REDUCTION s ENDEMIC SPECIES s ENDEMISM s ENERGY PRODUCTION s ENERGY SOURCES s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s ENVIRONMENTAL INTEGRITY s ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTIVES s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EROSION CONTROL s EXPOSURE s FENCED s FIRE MANAGEMENT s FIREWOOD s FOREST s FOREST ACT s FOREST ADMINISTRATION s FOREST AGENCY s FOREST AREA s FOREST AREAS s FOREST CERTIFICATION s FOREST ECOSYSTEMS s FOREST FIRE s FOREST FIRE CONTROL s FOREST FIRES s FOREST FUND s FOREST INDUSTRY s FOREST INFRASTRUCTURE s FOREST LANDS s FOREST LAW s FOREST LEGISLATION s FOREST MANAGEMENT s FOREST MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES s FOREST MANAGEMENT CARBON s FOREST MANAGEMENT OUTCOMES s FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN s FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANNING s FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANS s FOREST MONITORING s FOREST ORGANIZATION s FOREST ORGANIZATIONS s FOREST OWNERS s FOREST OWNERSHIP s FOREST POLICY s FOREST PRODUCTS s FOREST ROAD s FOREST ROADS s FOREST SECTOR s FOREST SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FOREST STANDS s FOREST STEWARDSHIP s FOREST STRATEGY s FOREST TYPE s FOREST ZONE s FORESTRIES s FORESTRY AGENCIES s FORESTRY AGENCY s FORESTRY PROJECTS s FORESTRY SECTOR s FORESTS s FOSSIL FUELS s GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION s GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS s GHG s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s HABITAT CONSERVATION s HABITAT PROTECTION s HORSES s HUNTING s HUNTING AREAS s ILLEGAL LOGGING s INDUSTRIAL WASTE s ISSUES s LAND ACQUISITION s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND USE s LAND USE CHANGE s LAND-USE s LAND-USE SECTOR s LOGGING s LOGS s LOWLAND GRASSLANDS s METHANE s METHANE EMISSIONS s MOUNTAIN REGIONS s MOUNTAINS s NATIONAL FOREST s NATIONAL FOREST POLICY s NATIONAL FORESTRY s NATURAL HABITATS s NATURE CONSERVATION s PINE s PINE FORESTS s PLANTING s POWER PLANTS s PRIVATE FOREST s PRIVATE FORESTS s REFORESTATION s REGIONAL FORESTRY s REGIONAL FORESTRY DIRECTORATES s ROAD CONSTRUCTION s SEA COAST s SOIL EROSION s STATE FOREST s STATE FOREST ASSETS s STATE FOREST ENTERPRISE s STATE FOREST ENTERPRISES s STATE FOREST INSTITUTIONS s STATE FOREST MANAGEMENT s STATE FOREST SECTOR s STATE FORESTRY s STATE FORESTS s STREAMS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE FOREST s SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT s TIMBER s TIMBER HARVEST s TIMBER HARVESTING s TIMBER INDUSTRIES s TIMBER INDUSTRY s TIMBER MARKET s TIMBER MARKETING s TIMBER MARKETS s TIMBER PRODUCTS s TIMBER SALES s TIMBER SUPPLY s TIMBER VALUE s TIMBER VALUES s TOURISM s WATERSHED s WOOD PROCESSING s WOOD WASTE English en_US This focus note presents key findings of a 2008 report on implementing Financial Action task Force (FATF) standards in developing countries The Financial Sector Reform and Strengthening(FIRST) Initiative funded a five-country study to analyze the effects of anti-money laundering (AML) and combating the financing of terrorism (CFT) regulation on access to finance, especially in low-income populations. Standard AML and CFT measures promote financial integrity and support crime fighting, but they can also exclude low-income people from financial services through onerous regulations. The study identifies factors that may intensify this impact, provides approaches on the design of appropriate AML/CFT controls that complement financial access policies, and suggests key design principles for AML/CFT controls 40 17-11-21 00:19:03.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873462 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18601 Volltext, Open Access

175972890X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972890X OCoLC 1255600921 WBOKR 18888 EBP 064560848 KEP 064560848 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18888 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Sierra Leone Investment Climate Policy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Africa Sierra Leone s ACCEPTABLE COLLATERAL s ACCESS TO CAPITAL s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE BARRIERS s ADVISORY SERVICES s APPLICATION PROCEDURES s BANK CREDIT s BANK DEPOSITS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKS s BRIBE s BRIBES s BRIBING s BUSINESS ASSOCIATION s BUSINESS ENTRY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS ESTABLISHMENTS s BUSINESS OPERATIONS s BUSINESS PEOPLE s BUSINESS REGISTRATION s CAPITAL FINANCE s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL STOCK s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVE MARKET s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPETITORS s COMPLIANCE COSTS s CORPORATION s CORRUPTION s CPI s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDITOR s CREDITOR RIGHTS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENCY s CUSTOMS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DIVERSIFICATION s E-MAIL s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION LEVELS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTS s ENTERPRISE SURVEY s ENTERPRISE SURVEYS s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENTS s EXPANSION s EXPLOITATION s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTER s EXPORTERS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FIRM PERFORMANCE s FIRM SIZE s FIRM SIZES s FIRMS s FISCAL POLICY s FISHERIES s FISHING s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN FIRMS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FORMAL ECONOMY s GENERAL POPULATION s GOVERNMENT CONTRACT s GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GUARANTEE SCHEME s HIGH INTEREST RATES s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s ICT s IMPACT ASSESSMENTS s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFLATION RATES s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s INFORMATION ASYMMETRIES s INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE s INNOVATION s INTEREST RATES s INTERMEDIATE INPUTS s INTERNAL FUNDS s INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON s INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONALIZATION s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s JOB CREATION s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LACK OF COMPETITION s LACK OF INFORMATION s LAND MARKETS s LAND REFORMS s LEASING s LICENSE s LICENSES s LICENSING s LIMITED LIABILITY s LIMITED LIABILITY CORPORATION s LINE OF CREDIT s LINES OF CREDIT s LLC s LOAN s LOAN APPLICATION s LOAN APPLICATIONS s LOCAL CURRENCY s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MANUFACTURER s MANUFACTURERS s MANUFACTURING s MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES s MARGINAL TAX RATES s MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s MINES s MOVABLE PROPERTY s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEW BUSINESS s OIL s OIL PRICES s OUTREACH s OVERDRAFT s OVERDRAFT FACILITIES s PARTIAL CREDIT s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL STABILITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PRODUCERS s PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL s PROPRIETORSHIPS s PUBLIC FINANCES s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s RECEIPTS s RECESSION s RELIABILITY s RESULT s RESULTS s RETAINED EARNINGS s RETURN s RULE OF LAW s SALE OF GOODS s SALES GROWTH s SAVINGS s SAVINGS ACCOUNT s SAVINGS ACCOUNTS s SCALE ENTERPRISES s SIZE OF FIRMS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SMALL FIRM s SMALL FIRMS s SOURCES OF FINANCE s STANDARD FORMAT s STORAGE FACILITIES s SUPPLIER s TAX s TAX BURDEN s TAX COLLECTION s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX LEGISLATION s TAX POLICIES s TAX POLICY s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX REGIME s TAX SYSTEM s TAXATION s TELEPHONE s TELEPHONE CONNECTION s TELEPHONE CONNECTIONS s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSACTIONS COSTS s TRANSMISSION s TRANSPARENCY s UNION s URBAN AREAS s USERS s USES s VALUE CHAIN s VALUE OF COLLATERAL s WAGES s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US This Investment Climate Policy Note (ICPN) for Sierra Leone evaluates the country's business environment by: (i) analyzing barriers to private sector investment and growth and how they vary among different types of firms; (ii) benchmarking Sierra Leone's investment climate and firm performance to that of other countries; and (iii) providing recommendations to promote and strengthen the private sector. The ICPN is supported by the statistical analysis of a 2009 enterprise survey of 150 formal, manufacturing and service firms with five or more employees based in Western Area/Freetown and Kenema, two of Sierra Leone's major urban centers. The ICPN is organized as follows. Chapter one provides context for Sierra Leone's business environment. Chapter two discusses the performance of Sierra Leone firms, with a focus on labor productivity. Chapter three examines how investment climate constraints cost businesses money and time, discusses main bottlenecks to conducting business as identified by managers of Sierra Leone firms, and reviews obstacles related to electricity supply, tax rates, informality, corruption and access to land. Chapter four analyzes data on how firms access and use finance, and chapter five discusses exports and internationalization in Sierra Leone. Chapter six concludes and provides policy options to improve the investment climate 40 17-11-21 00:19:03.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873470 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18888 Volltext, Open Access

1759728918

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728918 OCoLC 1255600973 WBOKR 18613 EBP 06456083X KEP 06456083X 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18613 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Growth through Innovation An Industrial Strategy for Shanghai Kaoru Nabeshima VerfasserIn aut Shahid Yusuf VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCESSORIES s AGRICULTURE s ASSEMBLERS s AT s ATTRIBUTES s AUTOMOBILE s AVERAGING s BASIC s BUSINESS s BUSINESS MODELS s BUSINESS SERVICES s BUYERS s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL GOODS s CITIES s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMUNITIES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPONENTS s CONSUMERS s CUSTOMERS s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS s DEVELOPMENT POLICIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DIMINISHING RETURNS s DIVIDENDS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC RESEARCH s ECONOMIC STRUCTURE s EFFICIENCY s ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT s ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT s ELECTRONICS s EMPIRICAL RESEARCH s END USERS s ENGINEERING s ENGINEERS s ENTERTAINMENT s ENVIRONMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTS s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORTS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FORECASTS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN TRADE s FUNDING s GDP s GDP GROWTH RATE s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL MARKET s GLOBAL MARKETS s GLOBALIZATION s GOODS s GROSS VALUE s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH STRATEGY s HIGH TECHNOLOGY s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCENTIVES s INDUSTRIAL BASE s INDUSTRIAL ECONOMY s INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES s INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INFLUENCE s INFORMATION s INNOVATION s INNOVATION PROGRAMS s INNOVATIONS s INPUT USE s INPUTS s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS s INTENSIVE GROWTH s INTERMEDIATE INPUTS s INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVENTION s IP s KNOW-HOW s KNOWLEDGE s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMIES s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s KNOWLEDGE WORKERS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKETS s LAGS s LAND s LAND USE s LEARNING s LINKS s LITERACY s LOGISTICS s MANUFACTURING s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES s MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SHARES s MARKETING s MATERIAL s MATERIALS s MEDICINE s NATIONAL INCOME s NATURAL RESOURCE s NETWORKS s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s OUTCOMES s PATENTS s PER CAPITA INCOME s PERFORMANCE s PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s POLICY s POLICY SUPPORT s PROCUREMENT s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFIT s PROFIT MARGINS s PROFITS s PROJECTS s PUBLISHING s RESEARCH CENTERS s RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE s RESOURCES s REVENUES s SAN s SCIENCE s SCIENTISTS s SKILLS s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s SYSTEM s SYSTEMS s TARGETS s TECHNICIANS s TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCE s TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES s TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE s TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS s TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS s TECHNOLOGY s TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT s TECHNOLOGY LICENSING s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s TRAINING s TRENDS s URL s VALUE ADDED s WAN s WELFARE s WORLD TRADE s WTO English en_US In broad terms, the sources of economic growth are well understood but relatively few countries have succeeded in effectively harnessing this knowledge for policy purposes so as to sustain high rates of growth over an extended period of time (commission on growth and development 2008; Yusuf 2009a). This study argues, however, that a high growth strategy which puts technology upgrading and innovation at the center might warrant a different approach from the one currently favored. It derives from the experience of global cities such as New York and London and the empirical research on industrial performance and on innovation. This has yielded four significant findings: first, monosectoral services based economies grow slowly because they benefit less from increases in productivity and from innovation. Second, manufacturing industries producing complex capital goods, electronic equipment, and sophisticated components are more Research and Development (R&D) intensive, generate many more innovations, are more export oriented, have a solid track record of rising productivity, and having achieved competitiveness, are in a better position to sustain it because the entry barriers to these industries tend to be higher. By giving rise to dense backward and forward linkages these industries can serve as the nuclei of urban clusters and maximize employment generation. Third, industrial cities create many more jobs for a middle class and tend to have a more equal distribution of income than cities which are dominated by services. Fourth, and finally, cities with a world class tertiary education and research infrastructure linked to industry, are more resilient in the face of shocks, more innovative, and better able to reinvent themselves 40 17-11-21 00:19:03.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873489 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18613 Volltext, Open Access

1759728926

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728926 OCoLC 1255600968 WBOKR 18728 EBP 064560821 KEP 064560821 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18728 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Pensions in Crisis Europe and Central Asia Regional Policy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Central Asia Eastern Europe Europe and Central Asia Europe and Central Asia s AGING POPULATION s AGING POPULATIONS s ASSET PRICES s ASSET VALUES s AVERAGE WAGE GROWTH s BASIC PENSION s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFIT LEVELS s BOND MARKET s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COMPENSATION s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTRIBUTION RATE s CONTRIBUTION RATES s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER s DEFICITS s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISABILITY s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKET s EARLY RETIREMENT PENSIONS s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ELDERLY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT s EQUITIES s EU s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FINANCIAL ASSET s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED INCOME s FOREIGN FINANCING s FUND MANAGEMENT s FUND MANAGERS s FUNDED PENSION SYSTEMS s FUNDED PENSIONS s FUNDED SYSTEMS s FUTURE PENSION s FUTURE PENSIONS s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT FINANCES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS WAGE s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s ILLIQUIDITY s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INSTRUMENTS s INCOMES s INDEXED ANNUITIES s INDEXED BOND s INDEXED BONDS s INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNT s INFLATION s INFLATION INDEXATION s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICE s INTERNATIONAL PORTFOLIO s INVESTING s INVESTMENT OPTIONS s INVESTMENT REGULATION s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s ISSUANCE s JUDGE s LABOR COSTS s LABOR MARKET s LEGAL STATUS s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES s LITERACY s LONG TERM SAVINGS s MARK TO MARKET s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET SIZE s MONETARY FUND s MULTIPILLAR SYSTEM s NEW ENTRANTS s NOMINAL WAGES s NOTIONAL ACCOUNT s NOTIONAL ACCOUNTS s OFFSHORE MARKETS s OPPORTUNISTIC BEHAVIOR s OUTPUT s PAY AS YOU GO s PENALTIES s PENSION s PENSION BENEFITS s PENSION CONTRIBUTION s PENSION CONTRIBUTIONS s PENSION EXPENDITURES s PENSION FINANCING s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUND MANAGEMENT s PENSION FUND MANAGERS s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION REFORMS s PENSION REGIMES s PENSION SCHEME s PENSION SCHEMES s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONERS s PENSIONS s PERFORMANCE MEASURES s PILLAR BENEFITS s PILLAR SYSTEMS s POLICY RESPONSES s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO ALLOCATIONS s PORTFOLIO DIVERSIFICATION s PORTFOLIOS s PRICE INDEXATION s PRIVATE PENSIONS s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC PENSIONS s PUBLIC SYSTEM s PURCHASING POWER s RATE OF RETURN s RATES OF RETURN s REGULATORY RESTRICTIONS s REPLACEMENT RATES s RETIREES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT AGE s RETIREMENT AGES s RETIREMENT INCOME s RETIREMENT INCOME SYSTEMS s RETIREMENT PENSION s RETIREMENT SAVINGS s RETURNS s RISK TAKING s SAVINGS ACCOUNTS s SECURITIES s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SUBSIDIARY s TAX s TRANSFERABLE SECURITIES s UNFUNDED PENSION s VALUATION s VICTIMS s VOLATILITY s WAGE GROWTH s WAGE INDEXING s WILL English en_US The financial crisis has significantly impacted pension systems in the Europe and Central Asia region (ECA) tempting governments to make policy changes in response to the increased pension deficits they are facing. The crisis exacerbates the existing financial imbalance in the public pension systems by reducing contribution revenues sharply while leaving expenditures constant or even higher. The crisis also resulted in a sharp drop in financial asset values which affects pensions provided by funded pillars. Consequently, no pension system, however structured, has been immune to the crisis. Despite the severity of the financial crisis, it pales in comparison to the demographic crisis which the region will face. Therefore, countries are urged not to make long-term policy changes to address short-run fiscal concerns. Any short-run responses should be consistent with strategies to address the long-run challenges to the pension system. The long-run focus should include: (i) protecting the purchasing power of pensioners and fiscal sustainability of the system, both during the crisis and beyond, by shifting to inflation indexation of pensions, (ii) encouraging individuals to work more and longer by raising retirement ages, equalizing retirement ages between men and women, and curbing early retirement, and (iii) enhancing public awareness of the increasingly limited capacity of publicly provided pensions as populations age 40 17-11-21 00:19:03.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873497 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18728 Volltext, Open Access

1759728934

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:26.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728934 OCoLC 1255600850 WBOKR 19475 EBP 064560813 KEP 064560813 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19475 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Mapping Bulgaria's Future Inclusive Growth and Productive Jobs World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Bulgaria Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE s ASSET MANAGEMENT s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK REGULATIONS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCIES s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURES s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BOND s BOND MARKET s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUDGET SURPLUSES s BUDGETING s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL SHORTAGES s CAPITALIZATION s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER CREDITS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMER PROTECTION LEGISLATION s CORPORATE DEBT s CORPORATE LAW s CREDIT CONSTRAINTS s CREDIT DEFAULT s CREDIT DEFAULT SWAP s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT REPORTING s CREDIT RISKS s CREDITOR s CREDITOR RIGHTS s CREDITORS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY BOARD s CURRENCY MISMATCHES s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITOR s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DOMESTIC BANKING s DURABLES s ECONOMIC POLICIES s EMERGING ECONOMIES s ENTERPRISE CREDIT s ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE s EQUITY INVESTMENTS s EQUITY MARKET s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED INVESTMENT s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY EXPOSURE s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVE s FOREIGN INDEBTEDNESS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FRAUD s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH SECTOR s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s HOME MARKETS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME LEVEL s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT FINANCING s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT REGULATIONS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LAND OWNERSHIP s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOSS OF CONFIDENCE s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MARKET BORROWING s MARKET CONFIDENCE s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET INTEGRATION s MARKET REFORMS s MARKET RISK s MASTER PLAN s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MORTGAGES s MOVABLE PROPERTY s NATIONAL BANK s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s OUTSTANDING STOCK s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s POLICY CREDIBILITY s POLICY RESPONSE s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO QUALITY s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE DEBT s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROFIT MARGINS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PRUDENTIAL REGULATION s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SPENDING s RATE OF RETURN s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s REFORM AGENDA s REFORM STRATEGIES s REGULATORY AUTHORITIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY OVERSIGHT s REMITTANCES s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAFETY NET s SECURITIES s SHAREHOLDERS s SHORT-TERM BORROWING s SHORT-TERM EXTERNAL DEBT s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOLVENCY s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKET PRICES s STOCKS s STRUCTURAL REFORM s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s STUDENT LOANS s SWAP s TAX s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL DEBT s TRADE UNIONS s TRANCHES s TRANSPARENCY s WITHDRAWAL s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US The newly elected government takes office at a time of stark economic challenges. The outfall of the global economic crisis threatens to undo many of the achievements of the recent past, derail convergence with the European Union (EU), and heighten social vulnerability. The election of a strong government offers a timely opportunity to restore and broaden the economic reform agenda which had been initiated before EU accession and but lost some momentum since 2007. Decisive action could shorten the length and reduce the depth of the crisis by restoring market confidence and improving economic prospects. Restoring the health of the economy and returning to the convergence path requires concerted policy actions to unwind economic imbalances and advance much needed structural reforms. The two-way policy response would aim to: 1) bring about fiscal consolidation and restructure public finances, strengthen financial stability, and mitigate the social impact of the crisis in the short-run; 2) and step up structural reform to address deep seated economic problems which both magnify the impact of the international crisis and hamper longer-term convergence prospects in the medium-run. The World Bank stands ready to support the structural transformation of Bulgaria. The Government is strongly committed to maintaining the currency board with the euro adoption as an exit strategy. Yet, a continued worsening in private and public sector balance sheets could trigger a loss of confidence in the currency board. As international investors take a closer look at the vulnerabilities of emerging economies, there is a large premium on strong domestic policies. While financial markets may have under-priced the risks relative to the fundamentals in Bulgaria and other countries in the region prior to the crisis, this under-pricing has now disappeared. The pendulum is now likely to swing into the opposite direction 40 17-11-21 00:19:03.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873500 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19475 Volltext, Open Access

1759728942

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:27.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728942 OCoLC 1255600960 WBOKR 19474 EBP 064560805 KEP 064560805 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19474 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Concessionary Financing Programs for the Water and Sanitation Sector in China World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ABSENCE OF COORDINATION s ACCESS TO CONCESSIONARY FINANCE s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESS TO WATER s ADEQUATE WATER s BOD s BOT s BRANCHES s BUILD OPERATE TRANSFER s CAPITAL COSTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CATCHMENT AREA s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CLEAN WATER s COLLECTION OF WASTEWATER s COLLECTION SYSTEMS s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPLIANCE MONITORING s CONCESSION CONTRACTS s CONCESSIONARY LOAN s CONNECTION s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION OF INFRASTRUCTURE s COST OF CAPITAL s COST RECOVERY s COST RECOVERY POLICIES s CREDITWORTHINESS s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s DECISION MAKERS s DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS s DISTRIBUTION PIPES s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC FINANCING s DRAINAGE PROBLEMS s DRINKING WATER s EFFLUENT QUALITY s ENTREPRENEURS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PROJECTS s EXCESS WATER s EXPANSION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCING INSTRUMENTS s FIRMS s GROUNDWATER s INDEPENDENT REGULATOR s INDUSTRIAL CONSUMERS s INFILTRATION s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INVESTMENT COSTS s INVESTMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE s INVESTMENT IN WATER SUPPLY s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s INVESTMENT SUBSIDIES s JOINT VENTURES s LAND USE s LARGER UTILITIES s LEAKAGE s LEAKAGE RATE s LEAKY DISTRIBUTION s LONG-TERM CONCESSION s LOW WATER s LOW WATER PRESSURE s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS s MUNICIPAL UTILITIES s MUNICIPAL UTILITY s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPAL WATER UTILITIES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL WATER s OPERATION OF WATER SYSTEMS s OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE s OPERATOR CONTRACT s OPERATOR PERFORMANCE s PIPE NETWORKS s PIPELINE s POLLUTION CONTROL s POOR WATER SUPPLY s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE FIRM s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PROVINCIAL AGENCIES s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC SECTOR FUNDS s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC WATER s QUALITY OF WATER s QUALITY OF WATER SUPPLY s QUALITY STANDARDS s QUALITY WATER s QUANTITY OF WATER s RAPID URBANIZATION s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s REGIONAL GOVERNMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY REGIME s RESERVOIRS s RIVER BASIN s RIVER BASIN COMMITTEE s RIVER BASINS s RIVERS s RURAL TOWNS s RURAL WATER s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SANITARY FACILITIES s SANITATION s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SERVICE STANDARDS s SEWAGE TREATMENT s SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITIES s SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT s SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS s SEWER NETWORKS s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s SMALL COMMUNITIES s SMALL MUNICIPALITIES s SMALL MUNICIPALITY s SMALL-SCALE SERVICE PROVIDERS s SOLID WASTE s STORMWATER s TARIFF LEVELS s TARIFF REVENUE s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOWN s TOWNS s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN UTILITIES s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SECTOR s URBAN WATER SERVICES s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER UTILITIES s USERS s UTILITIES s UTILITY EFFICIENCY s UTILITY GOVERNANCE s UTILITY OPERATORS s UTILITY PERFORMANCE s WASTE WATER s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WASTEWATER SECTOR s WASTEWATER TARIFFS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT CAPACITY s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WATER AGENCY s WATER BODIES s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER ENGINEERING s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER LOSSES s WATER POLICY s WATER POLLUTION s WATER PROTECTION s WATER PROVIDERS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SAVING s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICES s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY TARIFF s WATER SUPPLY UTILITIES s WATER SYSTEM s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TREATMENT FACILITIES s WATER TREATMENT FACILITY s WATER TREATMENT PLANT s WATER UTILITY s WATER WORKS English en_US China's water and sanitation sector faces challenges from rapid urbanization and industrialization, urban diversification, large investment needs, water scarcity, water pollution, and ecological degradation. This policy note addresses 'concessionary finance.' It is intended to provide a briefing for Chinese government officials who formulate policies for the water and sanitation sector. This note is not intended to provide recommendations on which policies to adopt, but rather to facilitate understanding of the policy options, how to choose among them, and where and how various options have been used in practice. Good water and sanitation services are essential for economic growth, public health, and environmental protection. However, these services can be difficult to finance. When utilities do not have sufficient capital, they under-invest and this will adversely affect the quality of services the utilities provide. Many governments run targeted concessionary financing programs as a method of helping utilities raise the needed capital. International experience has shown that well designed concessionary financing programs can additionally be employed as incentives to successfully improve utility efficiency, sector governance, or both. This policy note draws on successful case studies from concessionary finance programs in other countries 40 17-11-21 00:19:03.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873519 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19474 Volltext, Open Access

1759728950

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:27.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728950 OCoLC 1255600961 WBOKR 18863 EBP 064560791 KEP 064560791 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18863 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Urban Transport and CO2 Emissions Some Evidence from Chinese Cities Georges Darido VerfasserIn aut Shomik Mehndiratta VerfasserIn aut Mariana Torres-Montoya VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCESSIBILITY s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s ALTERNATIVE FUEL s ALTERNATIVE FUELS s AUTOMOBILE s AUTOMOBILE DEPENDENCE s AVERAGE FUEL EFFICIENCY s AVERAGE TRAVEL TIME s AVERAGE TRIP DISTANCE s AVERAGE VEHICLE OCCUPANCY s AVERAGE VEHICLE OWNERSHIP s BICYCLE LANE s BICYCLE USE s BICYCLES s BICYCLISTS s BUS s BUS FLEET s BUS FLEETS s BUS STOP s BUS SYSTEM s CAR s CAR OWNERS s CAR OWNERSHIP s CAR TRIPS s CAR USE s CARBON CONTENT s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARS s CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMPANY CARS s CONGESTION s CONGESTION CHARGE s DEMAND FOR TRAVEL s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DRIVERS s DRIVING s EFFICIENT TRANSPORT s ELASTICITIES s ELASTICITY s ELASTICITY OF VEHICLE OWNERSHIP s ELECTRIC BICYCLES s EMISSION STANDARDS s EMISSIONS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s EXCLUSIVE BUS LANES s FARE SUBSIDIES s FATALITIES s FLEETS s FOSSIL FUELS s FUEL s FUEL CONSUMPTION s FUEL ECONOMY s FUEL EFFICIENCY STANDARDS s FUEL PRICES s FUEL STANDARDS s FUEL-EFFICIENCY s GASOLINE s GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE s GOOD TRANSPORT s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GASES s HIGH TRANSPORT s HOUSEHOLD TRAVEL s HOUSEHOLD TRAVEL SURVEYS s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INNER RING s INNER RING ROAD s INSPECTION s INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s INTERCITY TRAVEL s INVESTMENT IN ROADS s LAND USE s LAND USE PATTERNS s LENGTH OF ROAD s LEVEL OF TRAVEL DEMAND s LIGHT RAIL s LONGER TRIP DISTANCES s MASS TRANSIT s MINIBUSES s MOBILITY s MOBILITY MANAGEMENT s MODE OF TRANSPORT s MOTOR VEHICLE s MOTORCYCLE s MOTORCYCLES s MUNICIPAL DENSITY s NARROW STREETS s ODOMETER s PASSENGERS s PASSENGERS PER VEHICLE s PEAK PERIODS s PEDESTRIAN s PEDESTRIAN INFRASTRUCTURE s PEDESTRIANS s PERSON-TRIPS s PERSONAL VEHICLES s POPULATION DENSITIES s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE MOTOR VEHICLES s PRIVATE VEHICLE s PRIVATE VEHICLE OWNERSHIP s PRIVATE VEHICLES s PUBLIC TRANSIT s PUBLIC TRANSIT NETWORK s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC TRANSPORT INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT MODE s PUBLIC TRANSPORT MODES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT OPERATIONS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICE s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SHARE s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SUPPLY s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s RAPID TRANSIT s RING ROAD s RING ROADS s ROAD s ROAD CAPACITY s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD PROVISION s ROAD SPACE s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD USE s ROADS s ROADWAY s ROUTE s ROUTES s SHORT TRIPS s SUBWAY s SUBWAY SYSTEM s SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT s TAX s TAXI PASSENGER s TAXIS s TOLLS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC ACCIDENT s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAFFIC IN CITIES s TRAILS s TRAINS s TRANSPORT ANALYSIS s TRANSPORT DATA s TRANSPORT DEMAND s TRANSPORT ENERGY USE s TRANSPORT FARES s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT INVESTMENT s TRANSPORT NETWORK s TRANSPORT OFFICIALS s TRANSPORT PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT STRATEGIES s TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORTATION s TRAVEL BEHAVIOR s TRAVEL BEHAVIORS s TRAVEL DEMAND s TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT s TRAVEL DISTANCE s TRAVEL DISTANCES s TRAVEL LANES s TRAVELERS s TRIP s TRIP BASIS s TRIP GENERATION s TRIP LENGTHS s TRIP MAKING s TRIP PURPOSE s TRIP PURPOSES s TRIP RATE s TRIP RATES s TRIPS BY MODE s TRIPS PER CAPITA s TRIPS PER DAY s TROLLEY BUS s TROLLEYBUSES s TRUCK TRAFFIC s TRUCKS s TUNNEL s URBAN BUSES s URBAN CENTER s URBAN PASSENGER s URBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORT s URBAN RAIL s URBAN RAIL SYSTEMS s URBAN ROAD s URBAN SPRAWL s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBAN TRANSPORT ENERGY USE s URBAN TRANSPORT PLANNING s URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM s URBANIZATION s VEHICLE s VEHICLE EFFICIENCY s VEHICLE EMISSION s VEHICLE EMISSION STANDARDS s VEHICLE EMISSIONS s VEHICLE FLEET s VEHICLE FLEETS s VEHICLE FUEL s VEHICLE FUEL EFFICIENCY s VEHICLE INSPECTION s VEHICLE KILOMETERS s VEHICLE OCCUPANCY s VEHICLE OWNERSHIP s VEHICLE REGISTRATION s VEHICLE RESTRICTION s VEHICLE RESTRICTIONS s VEHICLE SIZE s VEHICLE TRIPS s VEHICLE TYPES s VEHICLE USE s VEHICLE-KILOMETERS s VEHICLES s WALKING s WALKING DISTANCE s WEALTH English en_US This working paper provides a bottom-up estimate of energy use and Green-House Gas (GHG) emissions for the transport sector based on data available at the city and municipal levels. For urban transport in China, GHG emissions primarily consist of carbon dioxide (CO2), so these terms are used interchangeably. Energy use and CO2 emissions are also highly correlated based on the predominance of fossil fuels in transport. A database of self-reported indicators was developed and verified for the fourteen participating cities of the China World Bank-Global Environment Facility (GEF) Urban Transport Partnership Program. Other supplemental sources were also used to enrich the dataset for urban transport and energy analysis, namely the most recent China City Statistical Yearbooks. Beijing and Shanghai were also included where data was available from existing studies given their relevance in broad comparison of Chinese cities. Section two discusses the general demographic and economic trends in the sample of cities that may be influencing the sector. Section three points to stylized facts about the most relevant urban transport demand, supply and performance characteristics in recent years and suggests how they may be driving energy consumption and GHG emissions. Section four is the analysis and forecast of energy use and GHG emissions using the urban transport drivers identified. Finally, general conclusions and next steps are suggested in section five, as well as additional details on the data, methodology, definitions, and a map of China with the seventeen selected cities in the annexes 40 17-11-21 00:19:03.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873527 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18863 Volltext, Open Access

1759728969

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:27.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728969 OCoLC 1255600986 WBOKR 19476 EBP 064560783 KEP 064560783 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19476 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Kyrgyz Republic Farm Mechanization and Agricultural Productivity Turi Fileccia VerfasserIn aut Maurizio Guadagni VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC and FAO, Rome 2009 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ADVISORY SERVICES s AFFORDABILITY s AGRARIAN REFORM s AGRIBUSINESS s AGRICULTURAL BUSINESS s AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES s AGRICULTURAL CREDIT s AGRICULTURAL CROPS s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL TRADE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s AMOUNT OF CREDIT s ANIMALS s AVAILABILITY OF CREDIT s BAKERY PRODUCTS s BANK LOANS s BANK MANAGEMENT s BANKS s BARLEY s BEANS s BERRIES s BORROWING s BUSINESS ACTIVITY s BUSINESS PLAN s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH CROPS s CASH FLOW s CC s CEREAL VARIETIES s CEREALS s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL FARMERS s COMMODITY s CONSTANT YIELDS s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONTRACT FARMING s COOPERATIVE CREDIT s COOPERATIVES s COTTON s CREDIT BANK s CREDIT COOPERATIVE s CREDIT COOPERATIVES s CREDIT CRUNCH s CREDIT LINE s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT PORTFOLIO s CREDIT UNION s CREDIT UNIONS s CREDITS s CROP s CROP PROFITABILITY s CROPPING s CROPPING INTENSITY s CROPPING PATTERNS s CROPPING SYSTEMS s CROPS s CULTIVARS s CULTIVATION s DEBT s DEBT REPAYMENT s DEBTS s DEFAULTER s DEFAULTERS s DEFICITS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DRAINAGE s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY INVESTMENTS s FAMILY LABOUR s FAO s FARM ENTERPRISES s FARM IRRIGATION s FARM MACHINERY s FARM PRODUCTIVITY s FARMER s FARMERS s FARMING s FERTILIZER s FERTILIZER USE s FERTILIZERS s FINANCE COMPANIES s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL CAPACITY s FINANCIAL COSTS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SAVINGS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FIXED ASSETS s FLOUR s FODDER CROPS s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD SECURITY s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FRUITS s GARDENS s GENETIC RESOURCES s GOVERNMENT FUNDING s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS s GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES s GRAIN s GRAIN HARVEST s GRAIN PRODUCTION s GRAIN QUALITY s GRAIN RESERVES s GRAIN STORAGE s GRAIN TRADE s GRAIN YIELDS s GRAINS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HARVESTERS s HARVESTING s HARVESTS s HAY s HIGH INTEREST RATES s HOUSEHOLDS s INCOME TAXES s INDEMNITY PAYMENT s INPUT PRICE s INPUT PRICES s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INVESTING s INVESTMENT PLANS s INVESTMENT RESOURCES s LAND REFORM s LEASE AGREEMENT s LEASE AGREEMENTS s LEGUMES s LENDERS s LENDING CONDITIONS s LENDING PORTFOLIO s LIMITED ACCESS s LIMITED ACCESS TO FINANCE s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN REPAYMENTS s LOAN SIZES s LOANS TO FARMERS s LONG-TERM FUNDING s LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS s LONG-TERM LENDING s LONG-TERM LOANS s MAIZE s MARKET DEVELOPMENTS s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET INTEREST RATES s MARKET PRICES s MATURITY s MATURITY PERIODS s MEAT s MELONS s MFI s MFIS s MICROCREDIT s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MORTGAGES s MOVABLE ASSETS s NATIONAL BANK s OIL CROPS s OPERATIONAL COSTS s ORCHARDS s OUTSTANDING LOAN s OUTSTANDING LOANS s PERENNIALS s PLANT PROTECTION s PRICE CHANGES s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRODUCE s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION METHODS s PROFITABILITY s PUBLIC FUNDS s RATES OF RETURN s RECYCLING s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT PERIOD s REPAYMENT PERIODS s REPAYMENT RATES s REPOSSESSION s RETURNS s REVOLVING FUNDS s RISK AVERSION s RURAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s SAVINGS s SEED s SEED INDUSTRY s SEED TREATMENT s SEEDBED PREPARATION s SEEDING MACHINES s SEEDS s SMALL FARM s SMALL FARMERS s SMALL FARMS s SOIL FERTILITY s SOIL TYPES s SOWING s SOYBEAN s SPRING s SPRING WHEAT s STATE SUPPORT s SUNFLOWER s TAX s TAX BURDEN s TAX CODE s TAX EXEMPTION s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX LEGISLATION s TAX RATES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TILLAGE s TOMATOES s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRADITIONAL LOANS s TRANCHE s TRANCHES s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s VEGETABLES s VILLAGE s WHEAT s WINTER WHEAT s WORKING CAPITAL s YIELD INCREASE English en_US This policy note reviewed the status of farm machinery in the Kyrgyz Republic. Agricultural productivity, particularly in terms of grain yields, is low because of underinvestment. This note finds that a significant deficit in agricultural machinery is hindering sector productivity. The Kyrgyz Republic has fewer tractors per hectare than any comparable country, with a deficit estimated at 40 percent. The deficit of combine harvesters, estimated at 45 percent, is even more critical. When the age of agricultural machinery is taken into account, the underinvestment becomes even more acute. The reduced domestic production of wheat exacerbates food security concerns. Inadequate access to credit and small farm size are the main factors that constrain farm mechanization. The policy note presents three sets of short- to medium-term policy options to: i) promote the demand for farm machinery, by developing credit lines for agricultural productive assets, leasing, facilitating access to secondhand equipment, and testing/demonstrating the efficiency of farm machinery for small-scale farming; ii) increase the supply of farm machinery, by facilitating the development of mechanical services contracting and improving access to farm machinery import markets, including for second-hand equipment; and iii) remove obstacles to private investment, by avoiding distributions of farm machinery or inputs in-kind, the setting of production targets for specific crops, and ensuring that the private sector is free to fulfill its role 40 17-11-21 00:19:04.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873535 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19476 Volltext, Open Access

1759728977

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:27.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728977 OCoLC 1255600857 WBOKR 18897 EBP 064560775 KEP 064560775 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18897 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Belarus Agricultural Productivity and Competitiveness Impact of State Support and Market Intervention World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Belarus Europe and Central Asia s ADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCE s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION s AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL LABOR s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL POLICIES s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL PRICES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURE s ANIMAL s ANIMAL FEED s ANIMAL HEALTH s ANIMAL OILS s ANIMAL ORIGIN s ANIMAL PRODUCTION s ANIMAL PRODUCTS s ANIMALS s ASSETS s BANK LOANS s BARLEY s BEEF s BEVERAGES s BRAN s BREAD s BUDGETARY SUPPORT s BUTTER s CALVES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CATTLE s CENTRALLY PLANNED ECONOMY s CEREALS s CHEESE s COCOA s COFFEE s COLLECTIVE FARMS s COMMODITY s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONDENSED MILK s CONFECTIONERY s CONSUMER DEMAND s CONSUMERS s COOPERATIVES s CORN s CREAM s CROP s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP PRODUCTS s CROP YIELDS s CROPPING s CROPPING PATTERNS s CROPS s DAIRY s DAIRY FARMS s DAIRY INDUSTRY s DAIRY PRODUCTS s DEBT s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DOMESTIC DEMAND s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION s EGGS s EQUIPMENT s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTS s EXTRACTS s FALLOW LAND s FAO s FARM s FARM HOUSEHOLDS s FARM MANAGEMENT s FARM STRUCTURES s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMS s FATS s FERTILITY MANAGEMENT s FERTILIZER s FERTILIZERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FISCAL POLICIES s FISH s FIXED PRICES s FLAX s FLOUR s FODDER s FODDER CROPS s FOOD CHAIN s FOOD EXPORTS s FOOD IMPORTS s FOOD INDUSTRY s FOOD MARKETS s FOOD POLICY s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SECURITY s FOODSTUFF s FRUIT s FRUITS s GDP s GRAIN s GRAIN PRODUCTS s GRAINS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HARVESTERS s HONEY s HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS s HOUSING s ICE s INCOMES s INNOVATION s INTEREST RATE s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LIVE ANIMALS s LIVELIHOODS s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK BREEDING s LIVESTOCK FEED s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s MAIZE s MARKETING s MEAL s MEAT s MEAT PRODUCTS s MELONS s MILK PRODUCTION s MILK PRODUCTS s MILK QUALITY s MONOPOLIES s NATIONAL ECONOMY s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s ORGANIC MATTER s PESTICIDE s PIGS s PORK s POSITIVE EFFECTS s POTATO s POTATOES s POULTRY s POULTRY PRODUCTION s PRICE CEILINGS s PRODUCT QUALITY s PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES s R&D s RAPE s RAPESEED s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RYE s SEEDS s SHEEP s SOFT DRINKS s SOIL FERTILITY s SOILS s STATISTICAL DATA s SUGAR s SUGAR BEET s SUGARS s SWEETENERS s TEA s TOBACCO s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TREES s TRITICALE s UNEMPLOYMENT s URUGUAY ROUND s VALUE ADDED s VEGETABLES s WAGES s WHEAT s WHEAT FLOUR s WHOLESALE PRICES s WOOL s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO s YIELDS English en_US Productivity in Belarus' agricultural sector has improved considerably, but large parts of crop and livestock production are not internationally competitive. The state's regulatory and fiscal support system for agriculture has been instrumental in improving the sector's performance. But the massive distortions to agricultural incentives it creates to prevent the sector from reaching its full potential. And the high costs it causes to state budget may be difficult to sustain in view if shrinking fiscal space. Agricultural sector efficiency and competitiveness in Belarus can be increased by re-orienting the sectoral policy framework towards less distortive measures and reallocating associated budget expenditures to support sustainable agricultural growth. Assistance program could be provided to buffer against structural adjustment shocks. The government will thus achieve its sectoral goals to a higher degree, without compromising on other important policy areas such as food security and rural livelihoods, and possibly even at lower cost to the state budget. This note provides an economic justification for such reforms and outlines some potential elements 40 17-11-21 00:19:04.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873543 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18897 Volltext, Open Access

1759728985

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:27.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728985 OCoLC 1255600872 WBOKR 18903 EBP 064560767 KEP 064560767 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18903 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Economy-Wide Impact of Oil Discovery in Ghana World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ghana s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURE s ARREARS s AUDITORS s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BARREL OIL s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BENCHMARK s BENEFIT ANALYSIS s BINDING CONSTRAINT s BUDGET CONSTRAINT s BUDGET REVIEW s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY FOR INVESTMENT s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CASH FLOW s CEMENT s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK LENDING s COMMERCIAL INVESTMENTS s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVE TENDER s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s COST ANALYSIS s CRUDE OIL s CURRENT EXPENDITURES s DEBT s DEBT INTEREST s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT SERVICE s DECISION MAKING s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DISCOUNT RATE s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC GAS s DOMESTIC SUPPLY s DRILLING s DRY GAS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC FACTORS s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMIC STABILITY s ECONOMICS s EFFECTIVE ALLOCATION s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION CAPACITY s ELECTRICITY GENERATION MIX s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE s EMPLOYMENT s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s EQUALIZATION s EQUILIBRIUM s EQUIPMENT s EQUIPMENTS s EQUITY ISSUE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENTS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s EXPLORATION DRILLING s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORTER s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEFICITS s FEASIBILITY STUDIES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT CAPACITIES s FISCAL DEFICITS s FIXED COSTS s FORECASTS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s GAS s GAS FIELDS s GAS OUTPUT s GAS PRICE s GAS PRODUCTION s GAS RESOURCES s GAS SUPPLY s GASOLINE s GDP s GLOBAL MARKETS s GNP s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT s GROSS REVENUE s GROSS REVENUES s GROWTH RATE s HOUSING s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME TAX s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING s INJECTION WELLS s INTEREST COSTS s INTEREST INCOME s INTEREST RATE s INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT STRATEGIES s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LAND PRODUCTIVITY s LAND SUPPLY s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEVIES s LIQUIDITY s LNG s MACROECONOMIC CRISIS s MARGINAL PRODUCTIVITY s MARKET SHARE s MARKET VALUE s MARKET VALUES s MATURITY s MDAS s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MIGRATION s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS s NET OIL s OIL s OIL BOOM s OIL COMPANY s OIL EXPORTER s OIL EXPORTERS s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OIL PRODUCTION s OIL RESERVE s OIL RESERVOIR s OIL SUPPLY s OILS s OPERATING COSTS s OPERATING EXPENSES s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s PEAK CAPACITY s PEAK OUTPUT s PEAK PRODUCTION s PER CAPITA INCOME s PER CAPITA INCOMES s PERMANENT INCOME s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM RESOURCE s PIPELINE s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POPULATION GROWTH s POWER s POWER GENERATION s POWER STATIONS s PRESENT VALUE s PRICE FLUCTUATIONS s PRICE MOVEMENTS s PRICE SPIKES s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRODUCERS s PRODUCT MARKETS s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTION RATES s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROFITABILITY s PROVEN RESERVES s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC GOOD s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s REAL INTEREST RATES s REAL WAGES s RECURRENT DEFICITS s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENTS s RESERVES s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RETURN s RETURNS s RULE OF LAW s RURAL CREDIT s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s SAFETY STANDARDS s SAVINGS s SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE s SOVEREIGN BONDS s STOCK MARKETS s STREAMS s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TAX s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TIMBER s TOTAL COSTS s TOTAL REVENUE s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRUST FUND s TURNOVER s UTILITIES s VALUE ADDED s WAGES s WEALTH s WELFARE GAINS English en_US Ghana's oil will start to flow in 2011, maybe even before, and most of its known reserves will be extracted in the immediate years after. The promise of oil generates expectations of all sorts, the more so as Ghana currently grapples with a macroeconomic crisis of significant proportions. This overview discusses the Ghana-specific nature of these challenges and explores possible options to address them. In doing so, it builds on seven thematic chapters which look at different aspects of the question: (1) oil facts, (2) political economy, (3) public financial management, (4) infrastructure, (5) private sector development, (6) agriculture, and (7) poverty. While the overview tries to bring together the findings of these different chapters, further details and discussions on each of these topics can be found in o f the chapters themselves. It concludes that while oil revenue will not be large enough to radically transform Ghana, it could, if improperly managed, impose enough stress on non-oil sectors to severely undermine Ghana's medium term development prospects. Hence the huge premium and responsibilities put on Ghana's successive authorities to wisely manage the oil wealth to promote the development of the non-oil sectors 40 17-11-21 00:19:04.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873551 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18903 Volltext, Open Access

1759728993

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:27.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759728993 OCoLC 1255600708 WBOKR 18902 EBP 064560759 KEP 064560759 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18902 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Effective Discipline with Adequate Autonomy The Direction for Further Reform of China's SOE Dividend Policy Lihong Wang VerfasserIn aut Chunlin Zhang VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE COST s ADVANCED ECONOMIES s AGENCY COSTS s AGENCY PROBLEM s AGENCY PROBLEMS s AIR s AIRLINE COMPANIES s AIRLINE INDUSTRY s AIRPORT s AIRPORTS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSETS s AUTOMOBILE s BAD DEBT WRITE-OFF s BANK BORROWING s BOND s BOND ISSUANCE s BONDHOLDERS s BROADCASTING SYSTEM s BUDGETARY ALLOCATION s BUDGETING s CAPITAL BASE s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL INJECTION s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPITAL STRUCTURE s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CASH PAYMENT s CASH PAYMENTS s CASH TRANSFER s CIVIL LAW s COMMON LAW s COMMON LAW COUNTRIES s COMMON STOCK s COMPANY LAW s CORE BUSINESS s CORPORATE DIVIDEND s CORPORATE DIVIDEND POLICIES s CORPORATE INSIDERS s DEBT s DEREGULATION s DISTRIBUTION OF INCOMES s DIVERSIFIED PORTFOLIO s DIVESTMENTS s DIVIDEND s DIVIDEND PAYMENT s DIVIDEND PAYOUT s DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO s DIVIDEND POLICIES s DIVIDEND POLICY s DIVIDEND SMOOTHING s DIVIDEND YIELD s DIVIDENDS s ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED s EQUITY CAPITAL s EQUITY HOLDERS s EQUITY STAKES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPROPRIATION s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SITUATION s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP s GRACE PERIOD s GROWTH RATE s HOLDINGS s INCOME s INFORMATION ASYMMETRY s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTERNAL FINANCING s INTERNATIONAL FIRMS s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT EFFICIENCY s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s JUDGMENT s JURISDICTION s LARGE SHAREHOLDERS s LEGAL POWER s LIQUIDATION s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOSS-MAKING s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET COMPETITION s MARKET ECONOMIES s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET MANIPULATION s MARKET SHARE s MARKET VALUE s MARKET VALUE OF EQUITY s MATURITY s MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s MONOPOLY s NATIONAL BUDGET s NEGOTIATION s NET PROFIT s NET PROFITS s NPV s OPEN MARKET s OPPORTUNITY COST s OWNERSHIP RIGHTS s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE s PARENT COMPANIES s PENALTY s PORTFOLIO s PRIVATIZATION s PROFITABILITY s PROTECTION OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS s PUBLIC COMPANY s PUBLIC SPENDING s RAIL s RAILWAYS s REAL ESTATE s REDEMPTION VALUE s REGULATORS s REGULATORY BODIES s REINVESTMENT s REPO s RESERVES s RETAINED EARNINGS s RETURN s RETURNS s RISKY INVESTMENT s SALARY s SECURITIES s SECURITIES EXCHANGE s SETTLEMENT s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDER VALUE s SHAREHOLDERS s SHAREHOLDERS MEETING s SHAREHOLDING s SHARES OUTSTANDING s STATE OWNED ENTERPRISE s STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES s STATEMENT s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCKS s TARGET DIVIDEND s TARGET PAYOUT RATIO s TAX s TAX RATE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL MARKET CAPITALIZATION s TRADE POLICY s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COST s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORTATION s TREASURY s TRUE s VALUATION s WEAK CORPORATE GOVERNANCE English en_US This note explores the desirable direction for further reform of China's state-owned enterprise (SOE) dividend policy. This study represents an effort in exploring the desirable direction for further reform. It is an extension of the previous World Bank studies (World Bank, 2005, 2007) on this subject. It argues that a sound dividend policy must generate effective discipline against insiders and leave adequate managerial autonomy to them in the meantime. Considering China's current situation in light of relevant international experience, this study recommends three actions for the government to take to deepen the reform. The first is to raise the flexibility of SOE dividend ratio by adding a dividend ratio determination mechanism to the existing system of state ownership function. The second involves government monitoring and adjustment of the average dividend ratio of all central SOEs. The third is to start integrating state capital management budget (SCMB) with the general budget. The rest of the note is organized as follows. Section two discusses the nature of the issue and the criteria that a sound dividend policy must meet. Section three-five reviews payout practices of private sector firms (mainly publicly held companies but also include privately held firms), non-Chinese SOEs, and Hong Kong listed Chinese SOEs. Section six presents recommendations regarding the direction for further reform 40 17-11-21 00:19:04.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987356X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18902 Volltext, Open Access

1759729000

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:27.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729000 OCoLC 1255600993 WBOKR 18899 EBP 064560740 KEP 064560740 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18899 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO A State Trading Enterprise for Grains in Russia? Issues and Options World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Russian Federation s AGENCY PROBLEMS s AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS s AGRICULTURE s ANIMAL FEED s ARBITRAGE s ASSET VALUE s ASSETS s AVERAGE COSTS s AVERAGE PRICE s BARLEY s BUDGETARY SUPPORT s CARTEL s CEREAL PRICES s CEREALS s CIVIL CODE s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s COARSE GRAINS s COLLUSION s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMPETITION POLICY s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER PRICES s CONSUMERS s CONTESTABLE MARKET s COOPERATIVES s CORN s COST STRUCTURES s CREDIT RATING s CROP s CROPS s CURRENCY s CUSTOMER SERVICE s DEMAND CURVE s DIVERSIFIED MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DOMESTIC PRICES s DURUM WHEAT s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EQUAL SHARES s EXCESS SUPPLY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS s EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS TO SELL s EXPORT CREDIT s EXPORT CREDITS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKETING s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORTS s FAO s FARM s FARMER s FARMERS s FARMS s FEDERAL AGENCY s FERTILIZER s FIXED COSTS s FLOUR s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SECURITY s FORECASTS s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN FIRMS s FOREIGN MARKETS s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENT s FUTURE GROWTH s FUTURES s GLOBAL MARKET s GLOBAL MARKETS s GRAIN s GRAIN HANDLING s GRAIN INDUSTRY s GRAIN PRICES s GRAIN PRODUCTION s GRAIN QUALITY s GRAIN STORAGE s GRAIN TRADE s GRAIN TRANSPORTATION s GRAIN YIELDS s GRAINS s HARVESTS s INCOME s INDIVIDUAL FIRMS s INFLATION s INNOVATION s INPUT PRICES s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s MALT s MARGINAL COST s MARGINAL COSTS s MARGINAL REVENUE s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET ANALYSIS s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET DISTORTIONS s MARKET LIBERALIZATION s MARKET PARTICIPANT s MARKET POWER s MARKET PRICE s MARKET PRICES s MARKET REGULATION s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SHARES s MARKET STRUCTURE s MARKET STRUCTURES s MARKETING s MARKETING BOARDS s MEAT s MONOPOLIES s MONOPOLY s MONOPOLY PRICES s MONOPOLY RENTS s NICHE MARKETS s OATS s OLIGOPOLY s OUTPUT s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE s PERFECT COMPETITION s POPULATION GROWTH s POULTRY s PREMIUM PRICES s PRICE CONTROLS s PRICE DISCRIMINATION s PRICE FLUCTUATIONS s PRICE INCREASE s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE INFLATION s PRICE PREMIUM s PRICE SPREADS s PRICE STABILIZATION s PRICE SUPPORT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCE s PRODUCER INCENTIVES s PRODUCER PRICE s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES s PROFIT MAXIMIZATION s PROFIT MAXIMIZING s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC GOOD s PURCHASING s PURE PROFIT s RENT SEEKING s RENT SEEKING BEHAVIOR s REPUTATION s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK REDUCTION s SALE s SALES s SAVINGS s SCANDAL s SECURITY INTERESTS s SEEDS s SHAREHOLDERS s SOFT BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s STATE ENTERPRISE s STOCKS s SUBSTITUTION s SUPPLIER s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CURVE s SURPLUS s SURPLUSES s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TAX s TAXATION s TRADE NEGOTIATIONS s TRADING SYSTEM s VOLATILITY s WHEAT s WHEAT INDUSTRY s WHEAT PRICES s WHEAT TRADE s WHEAT VARIETIES s WORLD MARKET s WORLD MARKETS s WORLD TRADE s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION s WTO English en_US The impact of state trading enterprises (STEs) on domestic and international grain markets has been studied extensively over the years, generating a considerable body of theoretical and empirical evidence. The aim of this note is to draw on this body of evidence to analyze possible options for Russia's future state involvement in grain trade. The note covers the following three parts: i) outline of the potential economic impacts of STEs in grain trade from an economic perspective; ii) review of some of the global experience with STEs that are involved in grain exports; and iii) evaluation of options for state involvement in grain trade in Russia. The coverage in this note is limited to grains and to the impacts of STEs in countries that are net exporters of grain. Of the major grains, the note focuses on wheat which is by far the most important Russian export grain. Importing STEs are much more numerous than exporting STEs worldwide. However, unlike Ukraine, which has jumped between net export and net import situations for wheat as recently as 2003/04, it appears that Russia has become a consistent exporter since the beginning of this decade, even in years with relatively poor crop conditions. The note is further limited to the analysis of STEs and not grain market regulation in general (i.e. market and price support, income support for grain producers). However, as is discussed, such regulation can be used to help an STE pursue certain objectives by enhancing its market power, and STEs are generally implemented as part of an overall grain market regulation strategy 40 17-11-21 00:19:04.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873578 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18899 Volltext, Open Access

1759729019

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:27.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729019 OCoLC 1255600808 WBOKR 18896 EBP 064560732 KEP 064560732 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18896 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Syrian Arab Republic Electricity Sector Strategy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Syrian Arab Republic s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s AIR s ALTERNATIVE FUEL s ANNUAL GROWTH RATE s APPROACH s AVAILABILITY s AVERAGE PRICE s BASE LOAD DEMAND s CAPITAL COST s CAPITAL COSTS s CLEAN TECHNOLOGY s CLIMATE s CO2 s COAL s COAL PRICE s COAL PRICES s CONSTRUCTION COST s CONVENTIONAL POWER PLANTS s CYCLE POWER PLANTS s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DEMAND FORECAST s DIESEL s DIESEL ENGINES s DISTRIBUTION LOSSES s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DOMESTIC GAS s DOMESTIC OIL s DOMESTIC RENEWABLE ENERGY s DOMESTIC SUPPLY s ECONOMIC COSTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EFFICIENCY GAINS s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT s EFFICIENCY POTENTIAL s ELECTRIC ENERGY s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION s ELECTRIC POWER SECTOR s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SALES s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY SYSTEM s ELECTRICITY TARIFF s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s EMISSION s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY AUDITS s ENERGY BALANCE s ENERGY CONSERVATION s ENERGY CONSERVATION POLICY s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY DEVELOPMENT s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES s ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMS s ENERGY EFFICIENT EQUIPMENT s ENERGY INTENSITY s ENERGY INTENSIVE s ENERGY MARKET s ENERGY MARKETS s ENERGY NEEDS s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY RESEARCH s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY STRATEGY s ENERGY SUPPLY s ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE s FEASIBILITY s FINANCIAL BURDEN s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FINANCIAL LOSS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FLUORESCENT LIGHTS s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUELS s FUEL s FUEL CONSUMPTION s FUEL COST s FUEL COSTS s FUEL EFFICIENCY s FUEL PRICE s FUEL PRICES s FUEL SWITCHING s FUELS s GAS COMPANY s GAS CONSUMPTION s GAS FIELDS s GAS IMPORT s GAS IMPORTS s GAS MARKET s GAS PLANTS s GAS PRICE s GAS PRICES s GAS PRODUCTION FACILITIES s GAS RESERVES s GAS SECTOR s GAS SUPPLY s GAS TRANSMISSION s GAS TURBINE s GAS TURBINES s GAS UNITS s GASIFICATION s GENERATION CAPACITY s GENERATION MIX s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GROSS OUTPUT s HEAVY FUEL OIL s HEAVY INDUSTRY s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HYDRO POWER s HYDRO POWER PLANTS s IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY s INCOME s INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY s INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY s LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS s LIVING STANDARDS s LNG s LNG TERMINAL s LOAD FACTOR s LOAD SHEDDING s LOW-CARBON s MINERAL RESOURCES s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION s NATURAL GAS PRODUCTION s NATURAL GAS RESOURCES s NATURAL GAS SUPPLY s NEW PLANTS s OIL s OIL CONSUMPTION s PE s PEAK CAPACITY s PEAK DEMAND s PEAK DEMAND PERIODS s PEAK GENERATION s PEAK LOAD s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s PIPELINE s POLICY ADVICE s POWER DEMAND s POWER GENERATING CAPACITY s POWER GENERATION MIX s POWER GRID s POWER GRIDS s POWER PLANT s POWER PLANTS s POWER PRODUCERS s POWER SECTOR s POWER SECTORS s POWER SHORTAGES s POWER SUPPLY s POWER SYSTEM s POWER SYSTEMS s POWER UTILITIES s PRICE ELASTICITY s PRICE PROJECTIONS s PRICE VOLATILITY s PROVEN RESERVES s QUALITY ENERGY s REDUCING ELECTRICITY DEMAND s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIAL s RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES s RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES s RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s RESERVE MARGIN s RESIDENTIAL CONSUMERS s RESIDENTIAL DEMAND s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s SCENARIOS s SOLAR WATER HEATING s SPOT MARKET s STEAM TURBINES s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TAX INCENTIVES s TOTAL CONSUMPTION s TOTAL COST s TOTAL DEMAND s TRANSMISSION CAPACITY s TRANSMISSION GRID s TRANSMISSION INTERCONNECTION s TRANSMISSION LOSSES s TRANSMISSION SYSTEM s UTILITIES s VOLTAGE s WIND s WIND POWER s WIND POWER PLANTS English en_US This electricity sector strategy note was prepared by the World Bank, at the request of the Government of Syria. It identifies options for the Government to improve the financial and technical performance of the electricity sector. The note focuses in particular on the following major sector objectives: a) increasing the efficiency of the electric power sector, including by reducing large technical and commercial losses now standing at 27 percent of demand; b) reducing the growing gap between demand and supply of electricity through capacity expansion, thus enhancing security of electricity supply and reducing power outages; c) increasing security of supply further in an environmentally sustainable manner by developing vigorous energy efficiency and renewable energy programs; d) encouraging regional energy integration through a series of targeted investments in electric power and natural gas; e) attracting private sector investment into generation capacity expansion, including in renewable energy, through independent power producers; and f) making the electricity sector financially viable and coordinating natural gas production plans with electricity generation requirements 40 17-11-21 00:19:04.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873586 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18896 Volltext, Open Access

1759729027

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:27.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729027 OCoLC 1255600879 WBOKR 18611 EBP 064560724 KEP 064560724 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18611 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Improving Land Acquisition and Voluntary Land Conversion in Vietnam World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES s AGRARIAN REFORM s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL LANDS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURE s ALLOCATION s BUREAUCRACY s COLLECTIVE OWNERSHIP s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMUNAL LAND s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s EXPLOITATION s FARMS s GDP s IDEOLOGY s LAND ACQUISITION s LAND ADMINISTRATION s LAND ALLOCATION s LAND CODE s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND LAW s LAND LEASING s LAND LEGISLATION s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND PARCEL s LAND PARCELS s LAND POLICY s LAND REFORM s LAND REGISTRATION s LAND RENT s LAND RENTAL s LAND RIGHTS s LAND USE s LAND USE PLANNING s LAND USER s LAND USERS s LAND VALUATION s LAND VALUES s LAND-USE s LANDOWNERS s LIVING CONDITIONS s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET MECHANISM s MARKET PRICES s NATURAL RESOURCES s OPEN SPACES s POLITICAL ECONOMICS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POPULATION GROWTH s PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL ECONOMY s PRIVATE OWNERSHIP s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC LANDS s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s REAL ESTATE s RESIDENTIAL LAND s SITE PLANNING s SITES s SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TAX s TAXATION s URBAN LAND s URBANIZATION s WEALTH OF NATIONS English en_US Successive policies of the Government of Vietnam for economic reform and modernization have helped Vietnam to emerge as one of the world's fastest growing economies. The report provides continued recommendations on improving land policies to ensure efficiency of their practical implementation and to target at both economic development and social sustainability. Policies with regard to voluntary benefits sharing, promoting the participation of communities and social organizations, strengthening the dialogue between the government and the people, creating real consensus across parties related to investment projects, enhancing inspection works by upper level administrative authorities over their lower level ones are analyzed and specifically recommended in this policy note. The policy note includes six chapters: chapter one, is the general introduction of this document; chapter two, focuses on analyzing the prevailing land legislation system for land conversion and the process of land legislation construction to determine its insufficiency issues; chapter three, mainly analyzes the practical implementation of land conversion in Vietnam, based on the analyses of opinions from provincial leaders, investors and affected people; chapter four, carries out analyses of the international and domestic experiences on land acquisition/conversion measures to find the possibilities of application to Vietnam; and chapter five, suggests land policies, legal regulations, and implementation procedures to continuously reform the land acquisition/conversion measures in Vietnam. The policy note ends with the last chapter, which recommends some issues for further studies in the World Bank Vietnam study program on land policies improvement in the upcoming years 40 17-11-21 00:19:04.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873594 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18611 Volltext, Open Access

1759729035

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729035 OCoLC 1255600732 WBOKR 18604 EBP 064560716 KEP 064560716 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18604 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Urban Transition in Tanzania World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Africa Tanzania s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO SERVICES s AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL WAGES s ALLOCATION OF LAND s ARMED CONFLICTS s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENSUSES s CITIES s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s EXTREME POVERTY s FARMERS s FOOD SALES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH CENTERS s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN SETTLEMENT s HUMAN SETTLEMENT DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN SETTLEMENTS s HUMAN SETTLEMENTS DEVELOPMENT s INCOME s INEQUALITY s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSURANCE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCES s LABOR MARKETS s LACK OF SANITATION s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND MARKETS s LAND RIGHTS s LAND USE s LAND USE REGULATIONS s LARGE URBAN AREAS s LARGER CITIES s LEGAL STATUS s LEGISLATORS s LIVING CONDITIONS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITY s LOCAL DEVELOPMENT s LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCATION DECISIONS s MAJOR CITIES s MIGRATION s MOST URBAN AREAS s NATIONAL POLICY s NATIONAL STRATEGIES s NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS s NUMBER OF PEOPLE s POLICY DIALOGUE s POLICY FORMULATION s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POLICY MAKERS s POLLUTION s POPULATION CENSUS s POPULATION CONCENTRATION s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION GROWTH RATE s POPULATION SIZE s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY MAPPING s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PROGRESS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES s PURCHASING POWER s RAPID URBANIZATION s RATE OF GROWTH s RECENT URBANIZATION s REGULATORY REGIMES s REMITTANCES s RESPECT s RURAL s RURAL ACTIVITIES s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL DIFFERENCES s RURAL DISTRICT s RURAL DISTRICTS s RURAL DWELLERS s RURAL EMPLOYMENT s RURAL GAP s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL LABOR s RURAL LINKAGES s RURAL POLICY s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POPULATIONS s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY RATE s RURAL POVERTY RATES s RURAL PROBLEMS s RURAL REGIONS s RURAL RESIDENTS s RURAL WELFARE s SANITATION s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SLUMS s SOCIAL MOBILITY s SOCIAL SERVICE s SOCIAL SERVICES s SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION s STREET VENDOR s STREET VENDORS s THAT URBAN POVERTY s TOWNS s TOWNSHIPS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s URBAN s URBAN AREAS s URBAN ACTORS s URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN AUTHORITIES s URBAN CENTER s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN COMMUNITIES s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN DWELLERS s URBAN ECONOMIES s URBAN ECONOMY s URBAN ELECTRIFICATION s URBAN EMPLOYMENT s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN GROWTH RATES s URBAN HOUSEHOLDS s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN INTERACTIONS s URBAN ISSUES s URBAN LABOR s URBAN LABOR FORCE s URBAN LAND s URBAN LAND SUPPLY s URBAN MANAGEMENT s URBAN POLICY s URBAN POOR s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN POPULATION GROWTH s URBAN POVERTY s URBAN PROJECTS s URBAN RESIDENTS s URBAN SPACE s URBAN WORKERS s URBANIZATION s URBANIZATION LEVELS s URBANIZATION PROCESS s URBANIZING s WATER SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WITHIN CITIES s WORKFORCE s WORKING CLASS English en_US This report presents the problem, describes the analytical framework, the African and World context and the characteristics that need to be present for a responsible and effective urbanization. Chapter one discusses the issues involved in measuring urban growth and density and the problem of under-measuring density. Chapter two introduces key aspects of the recent urbanization in Tanzania, including migration, structure of economy and employment and the estimation of the urban contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Chapter three discussed the backbone of any urbanization policy, land management and land markets, and how the government is in a position to drastically improve the main constraint of a healthy urbanization process by unleashing urban land supply and providing the urban actors with the most needed factor: serviced urban land. Chapter four discusses the universal provision of basic services and the general picture for rural and urban Tanzania at present. Chapter five discusses the need for substantial infrastructure to improve mobility and connectivity and the funding potential of the different players in the urbanization process, including central and regional authorities. Finally, chapter six closes the report with conclusions and recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:19:04.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873608 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18604 Volltext, Open Access

1759729043

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729043 OCoLC 1255600963 WBOKR 18610 EBP 064560708 KEP 064560708 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18610 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Mongolia Towards a High Performing Civil Service World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Mongolia s ABUSE s ACCOUNTABILITIES s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ANNUAL LEAVE s ANTI-CORRUPTION s ANTICORRUPTION s ANTICORRUPTION AGENCY s ARCHITECTURE s AVERAGE WAGES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CIVIL SERVANT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE REFORM s COLLAPSE s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT s CRIMINAL s DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDINGS s DISCRETION s DISMISSAL s DISTRICTS s DUE PROCESS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT s EQUAL PAY s FEMALES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s GENDER s GENDER EQUALITY s GOVERNMENT HOUSING s HEALTH INSURANCE s HOUSING s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s JOBS s JUDICIARY s LABOR LAW s LABOR LAWS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR POLICY s LAWS s LEADERSHIP s LEGAL CHANGES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROVISIONS s MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY s MANAGERIAL DISCRETION s MATERNITY LEAVE s MINISTER s MINISTERS s MOBILITY s MORTALITY s MOTIVATION s OFFENSE s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE s PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT s POLICE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE PROVIDERS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PRODUCTIVITY s PROSECUTORS s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC SERVICE s REAL WAGES s REGIONAL DISPARITIES s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY s SAFETY NETS s SANCTIONS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOP MANAGEMENT s TOTAL LABOR FORCE s TOTAL WAGE s TRANSPARENCY s WAGE BILL s WAGE INCREASES s WORK FORCE s WORKERS s WORKING HOURS English en_US The objective of this report is to identify specific steps that the Government of Mongolia can take over the next three years to improve the performance of the civil service. Civil service reform impacts both the investment climate and the development of a robust private sector, and sustained improvements in service delivery. This report aims to capitalize on this window of opportunity and provide advice on what should be the key strategic reform priorities for the Government. The report identifies three key areas of reform for the Government. First, the civil service grading and compensation system requires significant changes in order to be able to attract and retain high caliber staff. Second, Mongolia needs to move in a phased manner towards centralized payroll administration in order to enhance establishment and expenditure controls. Third, the personnel management regime needs to be improved as it presently does not fully protect civil servants from undue political interference, there is a lack of clarity over the precise recruitment modalities for the senior administrative civil service positions, and limited horizontal mobility that negatively impacts career development. The report specifies a number of immediate steps that can be taken to resolve these issues 40 17-11-21 00:19:04.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873616 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18610 Volltext, Open Access

1759729051

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729051 OCoLC 1255600931 WBOKR 18898 EBP 064560694 KEP 064560694 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18898 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bulgaria Living Conditions Before and After EU Accession World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Bulgaria Europe and Central Asia s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ABSOLUTE POVERTY LINE s ACCESS TO FOOD s AGGREGATE POVERTY s ANNUAL GROWTH s ANNUAL GROWTH RATE s ASSET POVERTY s AVERAGE LEVEL s CHANGES IN POVERTY s CHRONIC POVERTY s CLEAN WATER s CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CONSUMPTION POVERTY s CORRELATES OF POVERTY s CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION s CURRENT POVERTY s DECLINE IN POVERTY s DENSITY FUNCTION s DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS s DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY s DISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACT s DROP IN POVERTY s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC POLICY s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION POVERTY s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE s EMPIRICAL RESULTS s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s ETHNIC MINORITY s ETHNIC MINORITY GROUPS s EXTREME POVERTY s EXTREME POVERTY LINE s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FOOD NEEDS s FOOD POVERTY s GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS s GINI COEFFICIENT s GINI INDEX s GROWTH RATE s HEADCOUNT POVERTY s HEADCOUNT RATIO s HEALTH CARE s HIGH POVERTY s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GAP s INDICATORS OF POVERTY s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY CONSTANT s INFLATION RATE s INSUFFICIENT INCOME s INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINES s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET POLICIES s LIVING STANDARDS s LOW INFLATION s LOW SHARE s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MALNUTRITION s MEAN GROWTH s MEAN INCOME s MEASURING POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NEGATIVE IMPACT s PENSION INCOME s PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PER CAPITA INCOMES s POOR s POOR ECONOMIC GROWTH s POOR HEALTH s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR LIVING s POOR PEOPLE s POOR POPULATION s POPULATION GROUP s POPULATION SHARE s POVERTY ANALYSIS s POVERTY CHANGES s POVERTY DYNAMICS s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY GAP INDEX s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INDEXES s POVERTY INDICATORS s POVERTY LEVEL s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY LINKAGES s POVERTY MEASURE s POVERTY MEASUREMENT s POVERTY MEASURES s POVERTY OUTCOMES s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY RANKINGS s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION POLICIES s POVERTY RISK s POVERTY SEVERITY s POVERTY THRESHOLD s POWERLESSNESS s PRO-POOR s PUBLIC SECTOR s REDUCTION IN POVERTY s REFORM EFFORTS s REFORM PROGRAM s REGIONAL CENTERS s REGIONAL CITIES s REGIONAL DECOMPOSITION s REGIONAL DIMENSIONS s REGIONAL DISPARITIES s REGIONAL DISPARITY s REGIONAL POVERTY s RELATIVE POSITION s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL PHENOMENON s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY LINE s RURAL QUINTILE s RURAL RESIDENTS s SANITATION s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOLING s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL RELATIONS s SQUARED POVERTY GAP s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUBSISTENCE s TARGETING s TOTAL POVERTY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POOR s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WAGE RATES s WEALTH GROUPS s WELFARE DISTRIBUTION s WELFARE IMPROVEMENTS s WELFARE INDICATOR s WELFARE INDICATORS s WELFARE MEASURE English en_US This report provides estimates of the level poverty and changes in living conditions between 2003 and 2007 in the new European Union (EU) member state Bulgaria. This report fills key gaps in the understanding of the state of welfare in Bulgaria and its future trends. It provides an assessment of changes in living standards since 2003, a period of sustained robust growth and intensive reform efforts leading to successful EU accession, and the current profile of the poor. The report quantifies the level of deprivation and the gains in poverty reduction and overall welfare improvements in different segments of Bulgaria's population. The study aims to support policy discourse on poverty reduction and strengthening of social protection by providing a robust assessment of living conditions among various individual, household, geographic, and socioeconomic groups and of the actual and likely future effectiveness of current poverty reduction policies. The report is organized as follows. Section two examines welfare trends between 2003 and 2007, decomposes changes in poverty, and links poverty outcomes to growth. In section three, the poverty profile is presented based on the results of the 2007 Multitopic Household Survey (MTHS) data. Correlates and determinants of consumption expenditures are presented in section four. Annex A provides a detailed account of the concept of poverty and the methodology used for measuring poverty in this report. Annex B presents supplementary data 40 17-11-21 00:19:04.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873624 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18898 Volltext, Open Access

175972906X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972906X OCoLC 1255600907 WBOKR 18612 EBP 064560686 KEP 064560686 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18612 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Turkey - National Innovation and Technology System Recent Progress and Ongoing Challenges World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Turkey s ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT s ACADEMIC RESEARCH s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACTION PLAN s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY s ALLOCATION OF FUNDS s ANGEL INVESTORS s APPLIED RESEARCH s ARTISTIC WORKS s BANKS s BUSINESS ANGEL s BUSINESS ANGELS s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICES s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS PLANNING s BUSINESS SECTOR s BUSINESS SECTORS s BUSINESSES s BUYER s CAPABILITIES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL FUNDS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAREER s CITIES s COLLABORATION s COLLABORATIVE PROJECTS s COMMERCE s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMPARATOR COUNTRIES s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPONENTS s CONSULTING SERVICES s COPYRIGHT s COPYRIGHTS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CUSTOMS s DIASPORA s DIGITAL s E BUSINESS s E DEVELOPMENT s E GOVERNMENT s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ELECTRONICS s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENGINEERING s ENGINEERS s ENROLLMENT s ENTERPRISE SECTOR s ENTERPRISE SECTORS s ENTERPRISE SURVEY s ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES s ENTREPRENEURS s ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY INVESTMENTS s EXPATRIATES s EXPENDITURES s FACULTIES s FEDERAL AGENCIES s FINANCIAL BURDENS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FOREIGN FIRMS s FOREIGN TRADE s FRAMEWORK FOR INNOVATION s FUND MANAGEMENT s GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION RESEARCH s HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s ICT s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES s INNOVATION s INNOVATION FINANCE s INNOVATION POLICY s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICE s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES s INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS s INTERNATIONAL LAWS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVENTIONS s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s IP s JOINT VENTURES s KNOWLEDGE CREATION s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s KNOWLEDGE SHARING s LABOR MARKET s LACK OF KNOWLEDGE s LEARNING s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORKS s LEGISLATIVE REFORMS s LIMITED ACCESS s MANUFACTURING s MARKET RESEARCH s MARKETING s METROLOGY s MONITORS s MULTINATIONAL s NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS s NETWORKS s NEW COMPANIES s ONLINE SERVICES s PENETRATION RATE s PENSION FUNDS s PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s PIRACY s POLICY FORMULATION s POLICY FRAMEWORK s PRIVATE EQUITY s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SAVINGS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTORS s PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRAMS s PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s PROTOTYPE s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES s QUALITY OF SERVICES s R&D s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESEARCH CENTERS s RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE s RESEARCH INSTITUTE s RESEARCH INSTITUTES s RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS s RESEARCH RESULTS s RESEARCH SECTOR s RESEARCHERS s RESULT s RESULTS s REVOLVING FUND s SAN s SAVINGS s SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY s SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY s SCIENTISTS s SEARCH s SEARCH SYSTEMS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SMALL BUSINESS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOFT LOANS s SOFTWARE INDUSTRY s START-UP s START-UP CAPITAL s START-UPS s STATE UNIVERSITIES s TARGETS s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX RELIEF s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT s TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION s TECHNOLOGY LICENSING s TECHNOLOGY SUPPORT s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TELECOMMUNICATION s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TRAINING ACTIVITIES s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRANSACTION s TRANSLATION s UNDERDEVELOPMENT s UNION s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY SYSTEMS s USES s VENTURE CAPITAL s VENTURE CAPITAL INVESTMENT s VENTURE CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WEB s WORKERS English en_US In January 2008, the Turkish Government requested the World Bank to jointly undertake an assessment of its National Innovation System (NIS) in order to help guide its ongoing efforts to deepen the role of innovation in the Turkish economy. This report identifies the recent progress and key ongoing challenges facing Turkey's NIS and draws on international experience to outline potential issues for further analysis. The next section provides an overview of the institutional structure, policy framework and main programs of Turkey's NIS and identifies issues in three main areas that hinder innovation performance: the intellectual property right (IPR) regime, collaboration between the research and enterprise sectors, and innovation finance. The third section uses available information (aggregate and firm-level data and a set of 20 case studies) to provide a review of the innovation and technology performance of the enterprise sector in Turkey and preliminarily address its possible determinants. Areas for further potential study and analysis are identified based on the key findings in each section 40 17-11-21 00:19:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873632 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18612 Volltext, Open Access

1759729078

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729078 OCoLC 1255602274 WBOKR 18862 EBP 064560678 KEP 064560678 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18862 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Unleashing the Potential of Ethiopian Women Trends and Options for Economic Empowerment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia s ABUSE s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO RESOURCES s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ADVANCEMENT OF WOMEN s AFFIRMATIVE ACTIONS s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s ATTITUDES TOWARDS WOMEN s BABY s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BIASES s CHILD CARE s CHILD LABOR s CHRONIC POVERTY s CIVIL WAR s CONTROL OVER RESOURCES s CORRUPTION s CULTURAL BARRIERS s CULTURAL NORMS s CULTURAL PRACTICES s DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS s DEPENDENT CHILDREN s DEVELOPMENT PLANNING s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DISCRIMINATION s DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN s DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES s DISPARITIES IN ACCESS s DIVERSIFICATION s DIVORCE s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s EARLY MARRIAGE s EARNING CAPACITY s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT s ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS s ECONOMIC RESOURCES s EDUCATED WOMEN s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTS s EDUCATIONAL LEVEL s EDUCATIONAL LEVELS s EFFECTS OF GENDER s ELDERLY s ELIMINATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN s ENROLLMENT s ENROLLMENTS s ENROLMENT RATE s ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES s EQUAL ACCESS s EQUAL RIGHTS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTENDED FAMILY s FAMILIES s FAMILY SIZE s FEMALE CHILDREN s FEMALE EDUCATION s FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS s FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION s FERTILITY s FEWER CHILDREN s FGM s FINANCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES FOR WOMEN s FIRST MARRIAGE s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SHORTAGES s GENDER s GENDER ASSESSMENT s GENDER AWARENESS s GENDER BIAS s GENDER BIASES s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER DIFFERENTIALS s GENDER DISCRIMINATION s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER DISPARITIES IN EDUCATION s GENDER DISPARITY s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER EQUITY s GENDER GAP s GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION s GENDER GAPS s GENDER INDICATORS s GENDER INEQUALITIES s GENDER INEQUALITY s GENDER INEQUITY s GENDER MAINSTREAMING s GENDER POLICY s GENDER SENSITIVITY s GENDERS s GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS s HARMFUL PRACTICES s HARMFUL TRADITIONAL PRACTICES s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH POLICIES s HEALTH PROBLEMS s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD LEVEL s HOUSEHOLD WORK s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RIGHTS s HUMAN RIGHTS OF WOMEN s HUSBAND s HUSBANDS s IMPACT OF MIGRATION s INCOME GROUPS s INEQUALITY s INFANT s INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INHERITANCE s INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS s INTERNAL MIGRATION s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE SURVEY s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LACK OF ACCESS s LAND OWNERSHIP s LEGAL ACCESS s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGISLATORS s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIVE BIRTHS s LOCAL ECONOMY s MARITAL STATUS s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET INFORMATION s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIO s MEDICAL TREATMENT s MICRO ENTERPRISES s MICRO-CREDIT s MIGRANTS s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL s MORTALITY RATE s MOTHER s NATIONAL ACTION s NATIONAL ACTION PLAN s NATIONAL LEGISLATURES s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL POLICY s NATIONAL POPULATION s NUTRITION s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s PARLIAMENTARY SEATS s PERSONAL FREEDOM s POLICY DIALOGUE s POLICY LEVEL s POLITICAL PARTICIPATION s POSTNATAL CARE s PREJUDICES s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLMENT s PROFITABILITY s PROGRESS s PROMOTING GENDER EQUALITY s PROPRIETORSHIPS s PUBLIC INFORMATION s PUBLIC SPHERE s RADIO s RADIO SHOWS s RAPE s REGIONAL POLICIES s REMITTANCES s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS s RESPECT s ROLE MODELS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL GIRLS s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL WOMEN s SAFETY NET s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SECTORAL PRIORITIES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SEX s SEX RATIO s SEXUAL INTERCOURSE s SEXUAL VIOLENCE s SOCIAL CHANGE s SOCIAL NORMS s SPOUSE s SPOUSES s STRATEGIC PRIORITIES s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY LEVELS s TRADITIONAL PRACTICES s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNFPA s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN POVERTY s VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s VULNERABILITY s WOMAN s WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNG WOMEN English en_US This report aims to update knowledge of gender disparities in Ethiopia using the latest household survey data. The aim of this analysis is to support ongoing efforts to implement Plan for Accelerated and Sustained Development to End Poverty (PASDEP) vision. The significant progress in addressing key dimensions of gender disparities such as education shown in this report as well as in the recent annual progress report on the implementation of PASDEP in 2006-2007 suggests that current policy directions are proving effective. At the same time this report highlights the need to complement the existing emphasis on broad based interventions with additional targeted interventions which might address the specific constraints experienced by some groups. Further, based on the evidence from a few detailed evaluations of some existing programs, the study highlights how policy making in this area should include more emphasis on considerations of effective implementation and monitoring. This report is structured as follows. Chapter two presents a set of stylized facts on gender disparities in Ethiopia, including both trends over the last decade and current comparisons between Ethiopia and other countries. Chapter three looks in greater detail at the main drivers of gender disparities, focusing on factor markets. Chapter four looks at the economic pay-offs of decreasing gender inequality. Chapter five identifies a few priority areas for policy intervention 40 17-11-21 00:19:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873640 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18862 Volltext, Open Access

1759729086

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729086 OCoLC 1255600823 WBOKR 18609 EBP 06456066X KEP 06456066X 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18609 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bazaars and Trade Integration in CAREC Countries World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia s BASKET OF GOODS s BENCHMARK s BENCHMARKS s BILL s BUSINESS CLIMATE s CENTRAL PLANNING s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE EDGE s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION GOODS s COST OF IMPORTS s CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS PROCEDURES s CUSTOMS REGULATIONS s CUSTOMS TERRITORY s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DOMESTIC PRODUCERS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EXPECTED VALUES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT PRODUCTS s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s FAIR s FINISHED PRODUCTS s FIXED COSTS s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS s FOREIGN GOODS s FOREIGN SALES s FOREIGN TRADE s FOREIGN TRADE OPERATIONS s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GOLD s GROSS NATIONAL INCOME s GROWTH IN TRADE s HOTELS s IMPORT s IMPORTS s IMPORTS OF CONSUMPTION s INCOME EFFECTS s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME TAX s INCOMES s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT EXPENDITURE s MARKET ECONOMIES s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKETING s MARKETPLACE s MARKETPLACES s MERCHANDISING s NATIONAL INCOME s OIL EXPORTS s POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE OF OIL s PRIVATIZATION s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROTECTIONIST s PUBLIC POLICY s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s RAPID EXPANSION s RAPID GROWTH s RE-EXPORTS s REAL CONSUMPTION s RECESSION s REEXPORT s RENT SEEKING s REPUTATION s RETAIL s RETAIL STORES s RETAIL TRADE s SALE s SALES MARGINS s SELLING PRICE s SHARE IN TRADE s SHOPS s SIDE EFFECTS s SLOWDOWN s SPECIAL PROCEDURES s STATISTICAL ANALYSIS s SUPPLIER s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY RESPONSE s SURPLUS s TARIFF RATES s TAX s TAX CODES s TAX REGIME s TAX REVENUES s TOTAL EXPORTS s TOTAL IMPORTS s TOTAL SALES s TRADE BARRIERS s TRADE CLASSIFICATION s TRADE DATA s TRADE IN GOODS s TRADE INTEGRATION s TRADE POLICY s TRADE REGIME s TRADE STATISTICS s TRADEMARK s TRADES s TRADING ACTIVITIES s TRADING PARTNERS s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TURNOVER s TURNOVERS s UNEMPLOYMENT s VALUE ADDED s WAGES s WAREHOUSES s WEALTH s WHOLESALE TRADE s WHOLESALERS s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s WORLD ECONOMIES English en_US This paper based on survey work as well as an examination of trade statistics is the first to have studied the economic and trade effects of bazaars in central Asia in a detailed way. It presents a wealth of information and statistics relating to critical income generating activities and seeks to uncover the vital role played by bazaars in supporting economic growth. The analysis conducted in this work is of policy interest: rather than treating bazaars as unorganized and undesirable features of a modern market economy, national authorities should foster the development of bazaars in view of the growth, employment-generation and poverty-fighting characteristics of the operations of bazaars. Indeed, without well-functioning bazaars, the cost of trade would be considerably greater, the prices of goods higher and availability more restricted, trade volumes considerably lower, and the powerful welfare-raising effects from re-exports (in which bazaars play a critical role) as well as trade itself would be greatly muted. The populations would be much the poorer. The remainder of this report is organized as follows: section one provides birds' eye-view of networks of bazaars: their structure and weight in local economies as well as their involvement in domestic and foreign trade activities. Section two provides estimates of trade mediated by bazaars based on both mirror, i.e., Central Asian's (CA's) trading partners' trade statistics and national statistics of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Section three presents conclusions and outlines policy implications of empirical findings 40 17-11-21 00:19:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873659 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18609 Volltext, Open Access

1759729094

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729094 OCoLC 1255600733 WBOKR 18608 EBP 064560651 KEP 064560651 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18608 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Deepening Integration in Border Regions within CAREC The Asiaregio World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTING s ADJACENT REGIONS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AUTONOMOUS REGION s AVERAGE MONTHLY SALARY s BORDER REGIONS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS s CITIES s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s COMMODITIES s CONSUMER GOODS s CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION s DISCRETION s DIVIDENDS s DIVISION OF LABOR s DUE DILIGENCE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ENVIRONMENTAL s EXTERNALITIES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOREIGN TRADE s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH FACILITIES s INCOME s INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INITIATIVE s INTERREGIONAL COOPERATION s INVESTIGATOR s JOINT VENTURES s JURISDICTION s JURISDICTIONS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LIBERALIZATION s LOBBYING s MINISTERS s MOUNTAINOUS REGION s POLICE s POVERTY RATE s PREFERENTIAL s PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT s PRIVATE ENTITIES s PUBLIC POLICY s REGIONAL AGREEMENTS s REGIONAL AUTHORITIES s REGIONAL BLOCS s REGIONAL BODIES s REGIONAL COMMITTEE s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s REGIONAL FRAMEWORK s REGIONAL FUND s REGIONAL INITIATIVES s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s REGIONAL INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS s REGIONAL INTERESTS s REGIONAL LEVEL s REGIONAL POLICY s REHABILITATION s REMOTE AREAS s REMOTE DISTRICTS s REMOTE LOCATIONS s REMOTE REGION s RURAL AREAS s SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION s SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT s SUBSISTENCE s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TRADE AGREEMENTS s TRADING ACTIVITIES s TURNOVER s WAGES s WELFARE EFFECTS s WELFARE GAINS English en_US The central endeavor of Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) is the deepening of cooperation between its members across the entire range of development activities. Recent papers prepared by the World Bank for consideration of the ministers and officials of CAREC countries have focused on fostering cooperation in border trade and in supporting key institutions that underpin border trade such as bazaars in central Asia. But cooperation in border areas goes much deeper than trade alone. Economic development activities related to trade such as tourism, retail, business and trade facilitation as well as cooperation in public services (such as shared health facilities, other infrastructure services such as small-scale irrigation), optimal use of the environment, cultural and sports activities often have a significant cross-border character. Therefore, cross-border arrangements that support such activities and realize economies of scale in the provision of services can yield high dividends; and the key public policy question is how to best make such arrangements flourish. This paper presents initial thinking on this question, responding to the request made by CAREC representatives. It is based on discussions with officials in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in 2008-09 and on an examination of legal acts pertaining to cross-border cooperation 40 17-11-21 00:19:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873667 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18608 Volltext, Open Access

1759729108

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729108 OCoLC 1255602282 WBOKR 18546 EBP 064560643 KEP 064560643 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18546 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Shaping the Future A Long-Term Perspective of People and Job Mobility in the Middle East and North Africa World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa s ABUSE s ADULT POPULATION s AGE GROUP s AGGREGATE INCOME s AGRICULTURAL POLICIES s ASYLUM s ASYLUM POLICIES s ATTRITION s AVERAGE EDUCATION LEVEL s BRAIN DRAIN s CLIMATE CHANGE s COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN s COUNTRY OF ORIGIN s DECLINES IN FERTILITY s DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE s DEMOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS s DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION s DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DISPLACEMENT s DISSEMINATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s EDUCATED MIGRANTS s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s ELDERLY s EMPLOYMENT CREATION s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT SITUATION s FAMILY FORMATION s FAMILY REUNIFICATION s FEMALE MIGRANTS s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATES s FEWER PEOPLE s FLOW OF MIGRANTS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN LABOR s FOREIGN WORKERS s FUTURE GROWTH s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT s GLOBAL WORKFORCE s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH SERVICES s HIGH ILLITERACY RATES s HOME COUNTRIES s HOST COUNTRIES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RIGHTS s IMMIGRANT s IMMIGRANTS s IMMIGRATION s IMMIGRATION COUNTRIES s IMMIGRATION POLICIES s IMPACT OF MIGRATION s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION s INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION s INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION s INTERNATIONAL POLICY s INTERNATIONAL REFUGEES s INTERNATIONALIZATION s INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION s IRREGULAR MIGRANTS s IRREGULAR MIGRATION s JOB COUNSELING s JOB CREATION s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JOB VACANCIES s JOB VACANCY s JOBS s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR EXPLOITATION s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE GROWTH s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR FORCES s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET NEEDS s LABOR MARKET REFORMS s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR MIGRATION s LABOR MOBILITY s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s LABOR SHORTAGES s LABOR SUPPLY s LABOUR s LEGAL STATUS s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LIFE EXPECTANCIES s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVING STANDARDS s LONG-TERM RESIDENTS s LONGER LIFE s LOW FERTILITY s LOW LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LOWER FERTILITY s MANPOWER s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MIGRANT s MIGRANT LABOR s MIGRANT POPULATIONS s MIGRANT WORKERS s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MIGRATION FLOWS s MIGRATION POLICIES s MIGRATION POLICY s MIGRATION STATISTICS s MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS s MOBILITY OF LABOR s MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE s NATIONAL BOUNDARIES s NATIONALS s NATIVE WORKERS s NATURAL DISASTERS s NET EMPLOYMENT s NURSES s OCCUPATION s OCCUPATIONS s OLD-AGE s PENSIONS s POLICY DIALOGUE s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY MAKERS s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION INCREASE s POPULATION MOVEMENTS s POTENTIAL MIGRANTS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIME EXAMPLE s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR JOB s PROGRESS s PROTECTED INDUSTRIES s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF LIFE s REAL WAGES s REASONABLE ASSUMPTIONS s RECIPIENT COUNTRIES s REFUGEE s REFUGEES s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPLACEMENT WORKERS s RESPECT s RETIREMENT s RETURN MIGRATION s RISING UNEMPLOYMENT s RISING UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s SAFETY NETS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY LEVELS OF EDUCATION s SERVICE SECTOR s SIGNIFICANT POLICY s SKILL LEVEL s SKILL SHORTAGES s SKILL STRUCTURE s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED MANPOWER s SKILLED MIGRANTS s SKILLED PERSONNEL s SKILLED WORKER s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLED WORKFORCE s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL CONFLICT s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SCIENCES s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL TENSIONS s SOCIAL WELFARE s STATE PLANNING s SUPPLIERS s TEMPORARY MIGRATION s TERRORIST s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TOTAL LABOR FORCE s TRAINING CENTERS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRANSPORTATION s UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANTS s UNDOCUMENTED MIGRATION s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABILITY s WAR s WARS s WORKFORCE s WORKING CONDITIONS s WORKING-AGE POPULATION s WORLD POPULATION s XENOPHOBIA s YOUNG WORKERS s YOUTH ILLITERACY s YOUTH ILLITERACY RATE English en_US The objective of this study is to provide a long-term perspective for the ongoing policy dialogue on the management of labor migration in Europe and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. It is organized as follows. Chapter one puts the report and migration in the context of the economic and social development in MENA countries. Chapter two provides the historical context of MENA migration patterns and an overview of the presence and skill characteristics of migrants in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries today. This chapter also discusses the potential for insourcing, that is, migration of jobs into the region as an alternative or complement to labor migration. Chapter three analyzes the demand and supply framework for migration, the determinants of migration patterns, and the potential demand for labor in the European Union (EU), and the characteristics and trends of MENA labor supply. Chapter four looks to the worldwide impact of demographic and labor force developments in the decades ahead and their implications on labor and job mobility. The chapter analyzes the likely population and labor force growth in Europe and MENA, the challenges this growth poses, and the scope for demographic arbitrage between the two regions. This chapter provides the basis for the fifth and concluding chapter. Chapter five covers the institutional setup and the various economic and social protection policies and practices worldwide that have a strong and positive bearing on migration flows and presents a conceptual framework on both the labor and job sending and receiving sides that can be used by policy makers to articulate, defend, and implement a collaborative approach to the challenges ahead 40 17-11-21 00:19:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873675 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18546 Volltext, Open Access

1759729116

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729116 OCoLC 1255600885 WBOKR 18603 EBP 064560635 KEP 064560635 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18603 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Environmental Crisis or Sustainable Development Opportunity? Transforming the Charcoal Sector in Tanzania A Policy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Africa Tanzania s ACCESS TO CAPITAL s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s AFFORESTATION s AGRICULTURE s AGROFORESTRY s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES s ALTERNATIVE FUEL s ALTERNATIVE FUELS s ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT s BENEFIT STREAMS s BIODIESEL s BIODIVERSITY s BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION s BIOFUEL s BIOFUEL PRODUCTION s BUTANE s CALCULATION s CALORIFIC VALUE s CARBON s CARBON FINANCE s CARBON STORAGE s CATCHMENT s CATCHMENT AREA s CHARCOAL s CHARCOAL KILNS s CHARCOAL MAKING s CHARCOAL PRODUCTION s CLEAN DEVELOPMENT s CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s COASTAL FORESTS s COMBUSTION s COMMUNAL FOREST s COMMUNITY FORESTRY s COMMUNITY FORESTS s CONSUMER PRICES s CONSUMPTION PATTERNS s COOKING s CRUDE OIL s DEFORESTATION s DEFORESTATION RATES s DEGRADED LAND s DEGRADED LANDS s DEMAND FOR ENERGY s DIESEL s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DOMESTIC ENERGY s DRIVERS OF DEFORESTATION s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC FACTORS s ECONOMIC VALUE s ECOSYSTEM s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s EFFICIENT STOVES s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY USERS s EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION s ENERGY DEVELOPMENT s ENERGY LADDER s ENERGY MARKET s ENERGY MARKETS s ENERGY MIX s ENERGY NEEDS s ENERGY POLICY s ENERGY RESOURCE s ENERGY SECTOR s ENERGY SECURITY s ENERGY SOURCE s ENERGY STRATEGY s ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY ENERGY s EROSION s ETHANOL GEL s EXPENDITURES s EXPLOITATION s FIREWOOD s FODDER s FOREST ACT s FOREST ADMINISTRATION s FOREST AREA s FOREST AREAS s FOREST COVER s FOREST DEGRADATION s FOREST EXPLOITATION s FOREST LAND s FOREST LANDS s FOREST LAW s FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN s FOREST MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES s FOREST MONITORING s FOREST OFFICE s FOREST OWNERS s FOREST POLICY s FOREST PRODUCTS s FOREST REGULATIONS s FOREST RESERVES s FOREST RESOURCE ASSESSMENT s FOREST REVENUES s FOREST SECTOR s FOREST USERS s FORESTRY OPERATIONS s FORESTRY POLICY s FORESTRY SECTOR s FORESTS s FOSSIL FUELS s FOSSIL-FUEL EMISSIONS s FUEL EFFICIENCY s FUEL PRICES s FUEL PRODUCTION s FUEL SOURCES s FUEL SWITCHING s FUEL USE s GASES s GEL s GENERATORS s HOUSEHOLD ENERGY USE s INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY s JATROPHA s KEROSENE s LABOR COSTS s LABOR FORCE s LAND CLEARING s LAND TENURE SECURITY s LAND-USE PLANNING s LANDLESS PEOPLE s LIGHTING s LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS s LIQUID BIOFUELS s LOSS OF FOREST s MIX OF ENERGY s NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY s NATIONAL FOREST POLICY s NATIONAL FOREST RESOURCE s NATURAL FOREST MANAGEMENT s NATURAL FORESTS s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s NEGATIVE IMPACTS s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s PETROLEUM GAS s PLANTING s POLICY MAKERS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POPULATION GROWTH s POWER GENERATION s POWER SUPPLY s PRECIPITATION s PRESENT VALUE s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION OF CHARCOAL s PROPANE s PURCHASING POWER s RAINWATER s RATES OF DEFORESTATION s REDUCING EMISSIONS s REFORESTATION s RENEWABLE ENERGY s REPLACEMENT COSTS s RESINS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL VILLAGES s SMOKES s SORGHUM s STATE FORESTS s STREAMS s SUGARCANE s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF FORESTS s SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY OF ENERGY s TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS s TRANSACTION COSTS s TREES s URBAN HOUSEHOLDS s USE OF ELECTRICITY s USE OF GAS s VILLAGE FORESTS s VILLAGE LEVEL s WASTE PRODUCTS s WATERSHED MANAGEMENT s WOOD ENERGY s WOOD FUEL s WOOD FUELS s WOOD HARVESTING s WOOD PRODUCTION s WOODLAND RESOURCES s WOODLANDS s WOODY BIOMASS English en_US The policy note builds on experience from both Tanzania and other Sub-Saharan African countries with similar socioeconomic and environmental contexts. This policy note puts forward and discusses a range of policy measures along the entire charcoal value chain in Tanzania. The development of this policy note benefited from a variety of recent studies on charcoal utilization and trade conducted in the country. This policy note is structured as follows: chapter two provides a broad overview of the charcoal sector in Tanzania and some of the key challenges being faced. It also includes a summary of the key legal and policy measures that have been taken over the past two decades and an assessment of how successful they have been in effecting positive change. Following this, chapter three summarizes experiences reforming the charcoal sector in Tanzania and elsewhere, as well as an assessment of how successful these measures have been. Where possible, key lessons learned are extracted and used to inform policy recommendations. In chapter four, key policy recommendations are made along the production and marketing chains, which are hoped, will provide a useful resource for policy makers and implementers. Chapter five assesses the likely impact of the reforms on reducing deforestation and forest degradation, as well as the positive impacts on boosting employment and improving rural livelihoods. The chapter concludes with an assessment of the costs of the policy recommendations made 40 17-11-21 00:19:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873683 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18603 Volltext, Open Access

1759729124

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729124 OCoLC 1255602477 WBOKR 18892 EBP 064560627 KEP 064560627 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18892 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Niger Towards an Integrated and Sustainable Pension System World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Africa Niger s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s ACCRUAL RATE s ACCRUAL RATES s ADMINISTRATIVE COST s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT s ARREARS s AVERAGE EARNINGS s AVERAGE PENSION s AVERAGE WAGE s BALANCE SHEET s BANK ACCOUNT s BANKS s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFIT FORMULA s BENEFIT FORMULAS s BENEFIT PAYMENTS s CALCULATION s CALCULATIONS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL MARKETS s CONSUMER s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTRIBUTION s CONTRIBUTION RATE s CONTRIBUTION RATES s CONTRIBUTIONS s CREDIBILITY s CREDITOR s CURRENT PENSION s DEFICITS s DEFINED BENEFIT s DEFINED BENEFIT PENSION s DEFINED BENEFIT PENSIONS s DEFINED BENEFIT SCHEMES s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DEPENDENCY RATIOS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DISABILITY s DISABILITY PENSION s DISABILITY PENSIONS s DIVERSIFICATION s EARLY RETIREMENT s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s EFFICIENT INVESTMENT s ELDERLY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT s EXPENDITURE s FAMILY ALLOWANCE s FAMILY ALLOWANCES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL PROBLEM s FINANCIAL PROBLEMS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SITUATION s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL PROBLEM s FULL-CAREER WORKERS s FUTURE PENSION s FUTURE PENSIONS s GENERAL POPULATION s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GROSS WAGE s GROWTH RATE s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s IMPLICIT INTEREST s INCOME s INCOME FLOWS s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME REPLACEMENT s INCOMES s INFLATION s INFLATION TARGET s INFORMAL SECTOR s INFORMAL SECTORS s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIES s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s INTEREST RATE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT POLICIES s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO s INVESTMENT PROCESS s INVESTMENT STRATEGIES s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LAYOFFS s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LOW INCOME s LOW-INCOME s LOW-INCOME COUNTRY s LOW-INCOME WORKERS s MANDATORY PENSION FUND s MANDATORY SCHEMES s MINIMUM PENSION s MINIMUM PENSIONS s MORTALITY s NATIONAL PENSION s NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS s NET WAGE s NET WAGES s OLD-AGE INCOME s OLD-AGE PENSION s OLD-AGE PENSIONS s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE s OUTPUT s PAYROLL TAX s PAYROLL TAXES s PENSION s PENSION CONTRIBUTIONS s PENSION COVERAGE s PENSION EXPENDITURE s PENSION EXPENDITURES s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION LIABILITIES s PENSION PAYMENTS s PENSION PLAN s PENSION PLANS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION RIGHTS s PENSION SCHEMES s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEM REFORM s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONER s PENSIONS s PENSIONS SYSTEMS s POVERTY RATES s PRICE INDEX s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC PENSION SCHEME s PUBLIC SYSTEM s PURCHASING POWER s REAL ESTATE s REAL ESTATE INVESTOR s RECORD KEEPING s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REFORM PROGRAM s REFORM PROGRAMS s REPLACEMENT RATE s REPLACEMENT RATES s RESERVES s RESPONSIBILITIES s RETIRED s RETIRED WORKERS s RETIREES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT AGE s RETIREMENT AGES s RETIREMENT INCOME s RETURN s RETURN ON CONTRIBUTION s RETURN ON CONTRIBUTIONS s RETURNS s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s SALARIES s SALARY s SAVINGS s SAVINGS CAPACITY s SAVINGS FOR RETIREMENT s SECURITY STANDARDS s SERVANTS s SETTLEMENT s SOCIAL COST s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL INVESTMENT s SOCIAL PENSIONS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL RISK s SOCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTION s SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONS s SOCIAL SECURITY REFORM s SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM s STAKEHOLDERS s STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS s SURVIVORS PENSIONS s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s UNSKILLED LABOR s UNSKILLED WORKERS s VALUABLE s VALUE OF PENSIONS s VOLUNTARY PENSION s WAGE s WAGE GROWTH s WAGES s YOUNG PEOPLE English en_US This report was prepared at the request of the Government of Niger to: (i) provide a comprehensive assessment of the Nigerien pension system, (ii) analyze current reform initiatives and recommend possible refinements and alternatives, and (iii) examine implementation challenges. To this end, the report develops a set of general guidelines to assess reform options in terms the adequacy of benefits, security, financial sustainability, redistribution, incentives, and administrative efficiency. The core of the report is organized in three chapters. After providing a summary of the background (chapter one), chapter two develops the policy framework and updates the assessment of the mandatory pension systems. The assessment looks at the financial situation of the schemes but also discusses other problems that had been previously overlooked in terms of the adequacy of benefits; the type of redistribution; as well as issues related to incentives. Chapter three reviews Government ongoing reform initiatives, summarizes the international experiences that are relevant to Niger, and, presents recommendations to strengthen current policies by outlining the components of a multi-year reform program, and developing a road map towards implementation 40 17-11-21 00:19:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873691 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18892 Volltext, Open Access

1759729132

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729132 OCoLC 1255602484 WBOKR 18893 EBP 064560619 KEP 064560619 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18893 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Aceh Growth Diagnostic Identifying the Binding Constraints to Growth in a Post-Conflict and Post-Disaster Environment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Public expenditure review (PER) East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ABSENTEEISM s ACCESS TO CAPITAL s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO EXTERNAL FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AUTONOMY s AVERAGE GROWTH s AVERAGE INTEREST s AVERAGE INTEREST RATES s BANK CREDIT s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK INDONESIA s BANK OF INDONESIA s BANK OFFICE s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKS s BARRIERS TO GROWTH s BINDING CONSTRAINT s BORROWER s BUDGET CONSTRAINT s BUSINESS CREDIT s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES s CALCULATIONS s CAPITAL ACCUMULATION s CAPITAL FORMATION s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITIES s COORDINATION FAILURES s CORRUPTION s COST OF CAPITAL s COST OF CREDIT s CREDIT CRUNCH s CREDIT LEVELS s CREDIT PROGRAM s CREDIT PROVIDERS s CREDIT RATIONING s DECENTRALIZATION s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIFFERENT INTEREST RATES s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC AGENTS s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT s ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIC STABILITY s ECONOMIC SYSTEM s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EMPLOYER s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPOWERMENT s ENROLLMENT s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EQUALITY s EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPLOITATION s EXTENSION SERVICES s EXTERNALITIES s EXTORTION s FAMILY MEMBERS s FARMER s FARMERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FIRM PERFORMANCE s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GUARANTEE AGENCY s HEALTH SERVICES s HIGH INTEREST RATES s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCOME s INCOME LEVEL s INEQUALITIES s INEQUALITY s INFLATION s INFORMAL LENDERS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CAPITAL s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s JOB CREATION s KEY CHALLENGE s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR MOBILITY s LACK OF ACCESS s LACK OF CREDIT s LAND TITLES s LARGE COMPANIES s LIVING STANDARD s LOAN s LOAN AMOUNT s LOAN APPLICATIONS s LOAN OFFICERS s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOAN-TO-DEPOSIT RATIO s LOANABLE FUNDS s LOCAL BANKS s LOCAL BUSINESSES s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL MARKET s LOW INCOME s LOW INTEREST RATES s MACROECONOMIC RISKS s MARKET FAILURES s MARKET INFORMATION s MEDIUM ENTERPRISE s MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s MIGRATION s MINIMUM WAGES s MOBILE PHONE s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY LENDERS s MONEY-LENDERS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEW MARKETS s NOMINAL INTEREST RATES s NON PERFORMING LOAN s NPL s OUTREACH s OUTSTANDING LOANS s PHYSICAL ASSETS s PHYSICAL CAPITAL s POLITICAL STABILITY s POOR GROWTH PERFORMANCE s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY LEVEL s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY RATE s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE FUNDS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFITABLE BUSINESS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROSPERITY s PUBLIC BANKS s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SAVINGS s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s RAPID GROWTH s REGULAR INCOMES s RENTS s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT RATES s RESERVE s RESERVES s RESUME s RESUMES s RETURN s RETURN ON INVESTMENTS s RETURNS s REVENUE SHARING s RISK PERCEPTIONS s RISKY BEHAVIOR s RULE OF LAW s RURAL BANKS s SAVINGS s SAVINGS RATE s SENIOR s SHARE OF CREDIT s SKILLED WORKERS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SMALL FARMERS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL NETWORKS s STAKEHOLDER s STOCK EXCHANGE s SUPPLY CHAINS s TAXATION s TOTAL SAVINGS s TRADE SECTORS s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSACTIONS COSTS s TRANSPORT s UNEMPLOYED s UNFAIR COMPETITION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN GROWTH s URBANIZATION s VALUABLE s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WAGE s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US This report shows that some investors still perceive Aceh as a risky place to do business, despite being relatively peaceful for almost four years. Security incidents, relatively common in post-conflict environments, deter businesses and individuals from investing in Aceh, robbing the economy of necessary capital and innovation. Other consequences of the conflict, including forms of illegal taxation, also hurt investment. The Government of Aceh is aware that until businesses and people change their perceptions of security in Aceh and feel confident that they can reap the full benefits of their investments, little investment will be forthcoming. As a result, growth in the province will be limited and efforts to reduce poverty less effective. There are other problems affecting Aceh's economy. These include the business environment, access to capital and the quality of infrastructure. This report seeks to show how these different factors affect investment and growth, and provides recommendations on how the Government might prioritize and sequence policy changes to improve the investment climate 40 17-11-21 00:19:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873705 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18893 Volltext, Open Access

1759729140

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729140 OCoLC 1255600934 WBOKR 18545 EBP 064560600 KEP 064560600 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18545 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Land Reform, Rural Development, and Poverty in the Philippines Revisiting the Agenda World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Philippines s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s AGRARIAN REFORM s AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL INCOMES s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT s AGRICULTURAL WORKERS s AGRICULTURE s AMORTIZATION s ANTI-POVERTY s ARBITRATION s ASSET REDISTRIBUTION s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BOND s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL OUTLAY s CERTIFICATE OF TITLE s CHANGES IN POVERTY s CLAIMANTS s COLLECTIVE OWNERSHIP s COMMERCIAL FARMS s COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS s CONFLICT s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CREDIT COOPERATIVE s CREDIT MARKETS s CROPS s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEEDS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXTENSION s FAMILY INCOME s FARM INCOME GROWTH s FARM INCOMES s FARM MANAGEMENT s FARM PRODUCTIVITY s FARM SECTOR s FARM SIZE s FARM WORKERS s FARMER s FARMERS s FARMING TECHNOLOGIES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FISCAL CONSTRAINT s FISHERIES s FOOD SECURITY s FOREST MANAGEMENT s GENDER s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HIGH INEQUALITY s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPACT ON POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME GENERATION s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME SHARES s INCOME SHOCKS s INTEGRATION s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s IRRIGATION s ISSUANCE s JUDICIAL COURTS s JUSTICE SYSTEM s JUSTICE SYSTEMS s LABOR MARKETS s LAND ACQUISITION s LAND ADMINISTRATION s LAND ASSETS s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND DISTRIBUTION s LAND GOVERNMENT s LAND HOLDINGS s LAND INEQUALITY s LAND MARKETS s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND QUALITY s LAND RECORDS s LAND REDISTRIBUTION s LAND REFORM s LAND REGISTRATION s LAND RENT s LAND RENTAL s LAND RIGHTS s LAND SURVEYS s LAND TENURE s LAND TITLES s LAND TRANSFERS s LAND USE s LAND VALUATION s LAND VALUE s LAND VALUES s LANDHOLDING INEQUALITY s LANDHOLDINGS s LANDLESS FARMERS s LANDLESSNESS s LANDOWNER s LANDOWNERS s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LIVELIHOOD BASE s LOAN s LOCAL CAPACITY s LOCAL ECONOMY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS s LOW INCOME s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET PRICE s MARKETING s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION s MORTGAGES s NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s NET INCOME s NONFARM INCOME s OVERHEAD COST s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURES s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s POOR s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR PERSONS s POORER PROVINCES s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INCREASE s POVERTY INDICATORS s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION IMPACT s POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECT s PRIVATE LAND s PRIVATE PARTIES s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROVINCIAL POVERTY INCIDENCE s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC WORKS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPAYMENT s RETURNS s RISK PROFILE s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL GROWTH s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s RURAL LABOR s RURAL PHENOMENON s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION s SAVINGS s SETTLEMENT s SITES s SMALL FARMERS s SMALL FARMS s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOIL FERTILITY s SQUATTERS s SUBSISTENCE s TARGETING s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL POVERTY s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN MIGRATION s URBANIZATION s VALUATION English en_US The goal of this report is to take stock of the existing evidence on the impact of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) on poverty, to examine the current challenges that an extension of CARP would face, and to suggest directions toward achieving progress on land reform given the financial and policy constraints faced by the program. The report starts by examining the nature and relevance of the challenges that an extension of the land reform program will face. It then addresses the role of land reform in rural development and poverty reduction. The impact of agrarian reform on land markets, access to credit and, more broadly, on the competitiveness of small farms is then examined, separating the case of rice and corn lands from that of sugarcane plantations, the latter taken as an important 'case-study' of the broader plantation sector. Implications for redesigning the program are then drawn, focusing in particular on the need to more closely involve important actors in the current process of rural development. The report finally considers the institutional changes that will be required 40 17-11-21 00:19:05.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873713 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18545 Volltext, Open Access

1759729159

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729159 OCoLC 1255600964 WBOKR 18890 EBP 064560597 KEP 064560597 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18890 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Lebanon - Social Impact Analysis Electricity and Water Sectors World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Lebanon Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCOUNTS PAYABLE s AFFORDABILITY s APPROACH s AVAILABILITY s BACK UP s BACK-UP s BACKUP s BASIC NEEDS s BILL COLLECTION s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s COLLECTION DATA s COMMERCE s COMMODITIES s CONNECTED HOUSEHOLDS s CONNECTION FEES s CONTRACTUAL AGREEMENTS s CORRUPTION s COST OF ELECTRICITY s COST RECOVERY s DEBT s DEBT SERVICE s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DRINKING WATER s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC REFORM s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY BILL s ELECTRICITY BILLS s ELECTRICITY COMPANY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY COSTS s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY GENERATORS s ELECTRICITY MARKET s ELECTRICITY NETWORK s ELECTRICITY PAYMENTS s ELECTRICITY PRICE s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SECTOR REFORM s ELECTRICITY SERVICE s ELECTRICITY SHARE s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY TARIFF s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s ELECTRIFICATION s EMPLOYEE s END USERS s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY PRICING s ENERGY SOURCES s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILIES s FINANCIAL BURDEN s FINANCIAL COST s FISCAL DEFICIT s FIXED COST s FIXED COSTS s FIXED FEE s FIXED MONTHLY FEE s FIXED TARIFF s FUEL s FUEL COST s FUEL COSTS s FUEL PRICES s GASOLINE s GENERATION s GENERATORS s GREY ECONOMY s HANDICRAFT s HEAT s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTION s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME GROUPS s INEQUALITY s INTERNATIONAL BANK s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIMITED INFRASTRUCTURE s LOW-INCOME CONSUMERS s LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s MARGINAL COST s MENU s MUNICIPALITIES s NATURAL GAS s NETWORK SYSTEM s NEW TECHNOLOGY s OIL s OIL PRICE s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s POLICY DESIGN s POLLUTION s POWER s POWER GENERATION s POWER GENERATION CAPACITY s POWER PLANTS s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PROFIT MARGINS s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC NETWORK s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUBLIC WATER s QUALITY WATER s REGIONAL WATER AUTHORITIES s RELIABILITY s RESIDENTIAL CONSUMERS s RESULT s RESULTS s SAFETY NET s SAVINGS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE IMPROVEMENTS s SERVICE PROVISION s SMALL BUSINESS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SOLAR ENERGY s SOLAR WATER HEATING s SUPERVISION s TARIFF LEVELS s TARIFF POLICY s TARIFF RATES s TARIFF REFORM s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TECHNICAL STAFF s TECHNICAL STANDARDS s TELEVISION s TOWN s TRANSMISSION s USES s UTILITIES s UTILITY MARKET s UTILITY SERVICES s VOLTAGE s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s WATER COMPANIES s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER HEATING s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER NETWORKS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER TARIFFS s WELFARE BENEFIT s WELLS English en_US The purpose of this Social Impact Analysis (SIA) is to probe the social, poverty, and equity dimensions of electricity and water sector reforms' and provide meaningful analysis to policy makers based on recently collected data. With a focus on households, the end users of utility services, the study complements the recent and ongoing studies on the Lebanon water and energy sectors that deal with more technical and supply side issues. The study assesses how poor and vulnerable households are affected by the current utility service situation and how they may be affected by reform proposals under deliberation. The aim is to provide policy makers with a deeper understanding of the social dimensions of water and electricity consumption as well as tools for estimating the distributional impacts of reform measures. This study followed the Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) approach, an increasingly common approach, used both within and outside the World Bank to evaluate the distributional impacts of policy reforms. Chapter two provides a review of household electricity supply and demand, private generation, tariffs, expenditures, and willingness to pay. It is followed by a discussion of the distributional impact of the tariff structure, including simulations of tariff scenarios for illustrative purposes. Chapter three reviews the water sector, public water supply, household connections, water quality issues, alternate water sources, tariffs, expenditures, and willingness to pay. Both chapters conclude with recommendations with an emphasis on social implications of key reforms that matters for households. Annexes cover methodology and a description of the private generator business in Lebanon 40 17-11-21 00:19:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873721 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18890 Volltext, Open Access

1759729167

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729167 OCoLC 1255600996 WBOKR 18889 EBP 064560589 KEP 064560589 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18889 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Developing a Circular Economy in China Highlights and Recommendations World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACID RAIN s ADMINISTRATIVE COST s ADVERSE IMPACTS s AIR QUALITY s BENCHMARK s BENCHMARKS s BEST PRACTICE s BEST PRACTICES s BEST-PRACTICE s BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS s BUSINESS MANAGERS s BUSINESS OPERATION s CAPACITY BUILDING s CELL PHONES s CERTIFICATION s CIRCULAR FLOW s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COAL s COAL PRICES s COD s COLLAPSE s COMMERCE s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMPUTERS s CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK s CONSTRUCTION s CONSUMER ELECTRONICS s CONSUMER PARTICIPATION s CONSUMERS s COPYRIGHT s CORPORATE MANAGERS s CURRENT LEGAL SYSTEM s DECISION MAKING s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DISTORTED INCENTIVES s DRINKING WATER s E-MAIL s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GOODS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS s ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC STRUCTURE s ECONOMIC THEORY s ECONOMICS s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT s EFFLUENT FEES s EMISSION STANDARDS s EMISSION TAX s EMISSIONS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACTIVITIES s ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY s ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL TAXES s EQUILIBRIUM s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCISE TAXES s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL COSTS s EXTERNALITIES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL TERMS s FOSSIL FUELS s FREE MARKET ECONOMY s GAS s GDP s GENERAL PUBLIC s GLOBAL MARKET s GOVERNMENT OFFICES s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS s GROWTH PATH s HARMONIZATION s HEALTH PROBLEMS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS s INCOME s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY s INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES s INDUSTRIAL SECTOR s INDUSTRIAL SOURCES s INEFFICIENCY s INFORMATION DISCLOSURE s INNOVATION s INNOVATIONS s INSPECTION s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s IRON s IRRIGATION WATER s KNOWLEDGE SHARING s LABOR FORCE s LAWS s LEADERSHIP s LEGISLATION s LICENSES English en_US China's rapid economic growth over the past decades has been accompanied by substantial depletion of natural resources, degradation of major ecosystems, and serious environmental pollution with adverse impacts on human health. China's government fully recognizes that such trends cannot continue indefinitely and therefore is committed to building a resource-saving and environmentally- friendly society as a stated national policy. It has adopted the circular economy (CE) approach as a core component of its sustainable development strategy. The ultimate objective of the CE approach is to achieve the decoupling of economic growth from natural resource depletion and environmental degradation. The Chinese government has been promoting CE on a number of fronts - legislation, policy reform, pilot projects, and monitoring and evaluation activities. This briefing note highlights and recommends further actions the government should take to enhance the effectiveness of its efforts to develop a circular economy. Based on the findings and results from the World Bank-supported CE studies, the note focuses on four key areas that deserve greater attention: 1) a balanced mix of policy instruments; 2) participation by both industry and the public in the CE approach; 3) capacity building; and 4) the role of the government and governance 40 17-11-21 00:19:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987373X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18889 Volltext, Open Access

1759729175

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:28.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729175 OCoLC 1255600982 WBOKR 18607 EBP 064560570 KEP 064560570 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18607 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Social Assistance Transfers in Bosnia and Herzegovina Moving Toward a More Sustainable and Better-Targeted Safety Net World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s ACTUAL BENEFIT s ADMINISTRATIVE DATA s AGRICULTURAL INCOMES s ALLOWANCE PROGRAM s ASSISTANCE PAYMENTS s ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS s AVERAGE BENEFIT s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BENEFIT LEVELS s BENEFIT SCHEMES s CALCULATIONS s CAPITAL GOODS s CASH BENEFIT s CASH BENEFITS s CASH PAYMENT s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS s CASH TRANSFERS s CHILD ALLOWANCES s CHILD BENEFITS s CHILD PROTECTION s CHRONIC POVERTY s CHRONICALLY POOR s CONSUMER s CONSUMER GOODS s CONTRIBUTION s CONTRIBUTIONS s COUNTERFACTUAL s CROWDING OUT s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT PROGRAMS s DATA COLLECTION s DISABILITY s DISABILITY BENEFIT s DISABILITY BENEFITS s DISTRIBUTION OF BENEFITS s DURABLE GOODS s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC DOWNTURNS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILY ASSISTANCE s FAMILY SUPPORT s FAMILY SUPPORT NETWORK s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FISCAL CONSTRAINTS s FOOD CONSUMPTION s GDP s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HBS s HBS DATA s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY DATA s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPACT ON POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME LOSSES s INCOME QUINTILE s INCOME SOURCES s INCOMES s INEQUALITY s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSURANCE s INSURANCE PROTECTION s INVESTMENT PROGRAMS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LIVING CONDITIONS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LSMS s MEANS TEST s MEANS TESTING s MEANS TESTS s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION INCOME s PENSIONS s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PER CAPITA INCOME s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL SUPPORT s POOR s POSSESSION s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY HEADCOUNT s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATE s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY IMPACTS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY STATUS s POVERTY UPDATE s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PROTECTION SYSTEM s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC TRANSFERS s QUESTIONNAIRE s RECESSION s REDUCING POVERTY s REGRESSION ANALYSIS s REGRESSIVE TRANSFERS s RELATIVE POVERTY s REMOTE AREAS s RENTS s RURAL s RURAL AREA s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NET PROGRAMS s SAFETY NETS s SALARIES s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SENIOR s SIMULATIONS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROGRAM s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NET s SOCIAL SPENDING s SOCIAL TRANSFER s SOCIAL TRANSFERS s SOCIAL WELFARE s SOCIAL WORK s SOCIAL WORKER s STAKEHOLDERS s TARGETING s TARGETING MECHANISMS s TRADE UNION s TRANSFER BENEFITS s TRANSIENT POOR s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE s VULNERABLE MEMBERS s WAGES s WAR s WEAK INCOME s WORTH English en_US Public expenditures on non-insurance social protection cash transfers absorb a huge share of the entities' respective budgets. This level of spending requires buoyant public revenues. However, public revenues will be under continuing pressure in view of the impending economic crisis. Moreover, devoting a large proportion of public funds to social transfers has the effect of crowding out resources that could be devoted to public investments which will be increasingly needed to stimulate growth as the economy begins to sag under the impact of the world economic crisis. In addition, there is evidence that some rights based programs create disincentives for employment. This situation is fiscally unsustainable, economically inefficient, and socially inequitable. Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) needs to completely overhaul it s non-insurance social protection cash transfer programs. There are many ways in which BH could reform these programs and put in place measures aimed at developing a social safety net that is: (a) less of a burden on public resources, (b) more efficient, and (c) better targeted to the poor. Specifically, it is recommended that the governments in BH consider a three pronged approach with measures to: 1) improve and introduce targeting mechanisms to better channel resources to the poor; 2) strengthen benefits administration and beneficiary registry systems; and, 3) rationalize disability-related benefit schemes. An increasingly widespread recognition of the need for rationalization of the non-insurance social protection cash benefits is discernible in both the decision-making circles and in the public discourse in BH 40 17-11-21 00:19:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873748 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18607 Volltext, Open Access

1759729183

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729183 OCoLC 1255602498 WBOKR 18605 EBP 064560562 KEP 064560562 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18605 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Tunisia Water and Sanitation Strategy World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Tunisia s ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO WATER s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s ADEQUATE SANITATION s ADEQUATE WATER s ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT s AERATION s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s BASINS s BILATERAL COOPERATION s BILATERAL DONORS s BRACKISH WATER s CAPACITY BUILDING s CHANNELS s COLLECTION SYSTEM s CONSERVATION s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION WORK s CORROSION s COST RECOVERY s CUBIC METER s DEEP WELLS s DEMAND MANAGEMENT s DESALINATION s DISCHARGE s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DOMESTIC WATER s DOMESTIC WATER CONSUMPTION s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SECTOR s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s DROUGHT s ENGINEERING s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE s EROSION s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FLOOD CONTROL s FLOODS s GAS s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HYDRAULIC RESOURCES s INDIVIDUAL CONNECTIONS s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT SUBSIDIES s IRON s IRON PIPES s IRRIGATION s LAKES s LARGE DAMS s LARGE URBAN AREAS s LEAST COST s LOCAL WATER s LOCALITIES s LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MARGINAL AREAS s NATURAL SPRINGS s OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES s PERFORMANCE INCENTIVES s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPELINE s PIPES s POLLUTION CONTROL s POTABLE WATER s POTABLE WATER SUPPLY s POTABLE WATER SYSTEMS s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT IN WATER s PROGRAMS s PROGRESSIVE TARIFF STRUCTURE s PROSPECTING s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUBLIC WATER s PUMPING s PUMPING STATIONS s PUMPS s RAINWATER s REGIONAL COUNCILS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RIVERS s RURAL DRINKING WATER s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SALINITY s SALT WATER s SANITATION ACTIVITIES s SANITATION COMPANIES s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION PERFORMANCE s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION STRATEGY s SECURE WATER SUPPLY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SHALLOW WELLS s SMALL TOWNS s SPRINGS s SURFACE WATER s TARIFF ADJUSTMENTS s TARIFF INCREASE s TARIFF POLICIES s TARIFF POLICY s TRANSPARENCY s TREATMENT PLANTS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s WASTE WATER s WASTE WATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER CODE s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER COVERAGE s WATER DEMAND s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER INVESTMENTS s WATER NEEDS s WATER OPERATORS s WATER PIPES s WATER POINT s WATER POINTS s WATER POLLUTION s WATER POLLUTION CONTROL s WATER PRODUCTION s WATER PROJECTS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RECYCLING s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES ALLOCATION s WATER REUSE s WATER SANITATION s WATER SAVINGS s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE DELIVERY s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCES s WATER STORAGE s WATER STORAGE TANKS s WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES s WATER SUPPLY PROJECTS s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WATER SYSTEM s WATER TABLES s WATER TANKS s WATER TARIFF s WATER TARIFFS s WATER TRANSFER s WATER USAGE s WATER UTILITY s WATERS s WELLS English en_US This strategy is a comprehensive overview of the institutional, organizational, and economic aspects of the sector. Based on an analysis of the current situation, this strategy will examine the strengths and weaknesses of the sector and review reform options of reform that address upcoming challenges and provide the highest level of service at the lowest possible cost for urban and rural beneficiaries, while guaranteeing the widest and most sustainable service coverage. The Tunisian economy's strong growth during the past four decades, at over 5 percent per annum, enabled the government to mobilize substantial internal and external resources to finance sector investments. The increase in public revenue parallel to this growth was also instrumental in ensuring sustainable project funding. Moreover, this economic growth greatly stimulated household incomes, thus access to water supply and sanitation services. The objective of these studies and other related projects is to mobilize the potential in variable surface water as well as in fragile groundwater resources, in order to satisfy fast-growing water needs while limiting the negative effect of pollution, and ensuring water resources sustainability. The studies and programs were carried out within the framework of a larger regional master plan (for the North, Central, and South regions), mobilizing the various hydraulic systems in order to satisfy the need for drinking water in major urban and rural areas, as per the water code, as well as the tourist, agricultural, and industrial sectors 40 17-11-21 00:19:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873756 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18605 Volltext, Open Access

1759729191

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729191 OCoLC 1255600809 WBOKR 18602 EBP 064560554 KEP 064560554 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18602 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Romania Public Sector Pay Practices Overall Public Sector Trends and Detailed Analysis of Local Government Contract Employees World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s ACCOUNTANT s ACTUAL PAY s ADVANCEMENT s ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES s AVERAGE PAY s BARGAINING POWER s BENEFICIARIES s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGETING s CADASTRE s CALCULATIONS s CIVIL SERVICE SALARIES s CLERKS s COLLECTIVE BARGAINING s COLLEGE GRADUATES s CONTRIBUTION s CONTRIBUTIONS s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYEE GROUPS s EMPLOYERS s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT LEVELS s EMPLOYMENT SIZE s EQUITY ISSUES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPERIENCED EMPLOYEES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FISCAL SURPLUSES s FUND MANAGEMENT s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH INSURANCE FUND s HOUSING s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICE s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s JOB EVALUATION s JOB PERFORMANCE s JOBS s LABOR MARKET s LAYOFFS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT MANAGEMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL MARKET s MACROECONOMIC DATA s MARKET CONDITIONS s NATIONAL BANK s OCCUPATION s OPERATIONAL STAFF s PENSION s PENSION CONTRIBUTION s PENSION FUND s PENSIONS s PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT s PERSONNEL s PERSONNEL EXPENDITURES s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL POWER s PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR WAGE s PROFESSIONALS s PROMOTION s PROMOTIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR COMPENSATION s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR JOB s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SERVANTS s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s QUESTIONNAIRE s RESERVES s RESPONSIBILITIES s REVENUE SHARING s SALARIES s SALARY s SAVINGS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SENIOR s SENIORITY s SERVANTS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE FUND s SOCIAL SERVICES s STAFF s STAKEHOLDERS s TOP MANAGEMENT s TOTAL COMPENSATION s TOTAL COST s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TOTAL WAGE s TRADE UNION s TRADE UNIONS s TRANSPARENCY s WAGE BILL s WAGES s WORK FORCE s WORKER s WORKERS s WORKING CONDITIONS s WORTH s YOUNG PEOPLE English en_US The purpose of this study was to assist the Ministry of Labor (MoL), Social Solidarity and Family to analyze the current public sector pay practices and to provide recommendations that could be used to strengthen public sector compensation strategy in the future. This study was originally intended to focus on all categories of public sector employees that were not part of the civil service statute. However, because of problems the MoL faced in obtaining the central government data on several groups, the decision was made to limit the study to local government contract employees. Within that group it includes execution and management jobs, high and low-skilled positions, and jobs found in local governments of all sizes. The group is covered by its own employment statute and so the findings on pay from this group are not necessarily generalizable to others covered by different statutes. On the other hand, the study confirms that some of the problems and weaknesses found among the civil service can also be found among contract employees. The study also confirmed that the highly disaggregated information management and reporting processes are a hindrance to policy analysis and planning. Although the individual employment statutes do detail what allowances each category of jobs is entitled to receive, the government lacks a picture of how this manifests itself in practice on external competitiveness, on internal equity, or on the capacity of governments to attract and motivate skilled professionals. This study is a first, limited attempt to address some of these issues for non-civil servants. The study is organized into four main sections: i) size and composition of public sector employment; ii) remuneration of local government contract employees; iii) comparative analysis of pay policies in the public sector; and iv) conclusions and recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:19:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873764 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18602 Volltext, Open Access

1759729205

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729205 OCoLC 1255600824 WBOKR 18550 EBP 064560546 KEP 064560546 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18550 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Niger Food Security and Safety Nets World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Africa Niger s ACCESS TO FOOD s ACUTE MALNUTRITION s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES s AGRICULTURE s AID DONORS s ANIMAL HUSBANDRY s ASSET SALES s BASIC FOODSTUFFS s BASIC NEEDS s BREAD s CALCIUM s CALORIC CONSUMPTION s CALORIC INTAKE s CALORIC REQUIREMENTS s CALORIES PER DAY s CASH CROPS s CASH TRANSFERS s CASH-FOR-WORK s CEREAL IMPORTS s CEREAL PRICES s CEREAL PRODUCTION s CEREALS s CHEESE s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD MORTALITY RATES s CHRONIC FOOD INSECURITY s CHRONIC POVERTY s CHRONICALLY POOR s CONSUMER SPENDING s COPING MECHANISMS s COPING STRATEGY s CULTIVATED AREAS s DAIRY s DIETARY DIVERSITY s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC PRICES s DRINKING WATER s DROUGHT s DROUGHT YEARS s EGGS s EPIDEMICS s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILY ALLOWANCES s FAMINE s FAMINES s FARM PRODUCTS s FARMER s FARMERS s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FOOD ACCESS s FOOD AID s FOOD AID FLOWS s FOOD AVAILABILITY s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS s FOOD COUPONS s FOOD CRISIS s FOOD CROP s FOOD CROP PRODUCTION s FOOD CROPS s FOOD DISTRIBUTION s FOOD EXPENDITURE s FOOD FOR ALL s FOOD FOR WORK s FOOD IMPORTS s FOOD INSECURE HOUSEHOLDS s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD MARKETS s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD SALES s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SECURITY INDICATORS s FOOD SECURITY ISSUES s FOOD SELF-SUFFICIENCY s FOOD SHORTAGES s FOOD STOCKS s FOOD SUPPLIES s FOOD SUPPLY s FRUIT s GRAIN MARKETS s GRAIN PRICES s GRAIN PRODUCTION s GRAIN RESERVES s GRAINS s GROUNDNUT s HAZARDS s HOUSEHOLD ACCESS s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD FOOD s HOUSEHOLD FOOD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD FOOD INSECURITY s HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD LEVEL s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX s HUNGRY s HUNGRY SEASON s IDIOSYNCRATIC SHOCKS s ILLNESS s INADEQUATE HEALTH s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME QUINTILE s INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS s INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE s IRRIGATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP s LIVESTOCK SALES s LIVESTOCK SECTOR s MACROECONOMIC SHOCKS s MAIZE s MALNUTRITION s MARKET ANALYSIS s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET PERFORMANCE s MARKET PRICE s MARKETING SYSTEM s MEAL s MEAT s MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES s MILK s MORTALITY RATES s NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL SHOCKS s NUTRITION s NUTRITION OUTCOMES s NUTRITION SECURITY s NUTRITIONAL DATA s NUTRITIONAL OUTCOMES s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s NUTS s PEANUTS s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s POOR s POOR ACCESS TO HEALTH FACILITIES s POOR HEALTH s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR PEOPLE s POORER PEOPLE s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY LEVEL s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY MEASURES s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POVERTY STATUS s PRICE SUBSIDIES s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s PULSES s REGIONAL MARKETS s RICE s RICE PRODUCTION s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL HOUSEHOLD s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INCOMES s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION s RURAL REGIONS s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NET PROGRAMS s SAFETY NET SYSTEM s SAFETY NETS s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOL FEEDING s SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SORGHUM s STAPLE FOOD CROP s STAPLE FOODS s STORAGE FACILITIES s SUBSISTENCE s SUBSISTENCE CROPS s SUFFICIENT FOOD s SUGAR s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TARGETING s TARGETING MECHANISMS s TRANSFER PROGRAMS s TUBERS s URBAN AREAS s VEGETABLES s VULNERABILITY TO DROUGHT s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s VULNERABLE PEOPLE s WATER SOURCES s WELFARE INDICATORS s WFP s WHEAT s WORLD FOOD PROGRAM s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION English en_US Niger is a very poor country that faces serious problems of poverty and household food insecurity. With a per capita gross national income (GNI) of US$240 and an estimated 62 percent of the population living below the poverty line, Niger is one of the lowest-ranked countries on the United Nations' human development index. Reducing vulnerability and ensuring food and nutrition security is an overarching priority for the Government. Maintaining food security at the national and household level is an important priority for developing countries in general, both for the welfare of the poor and for political stability. In order to ensure food security, governments have adopted various strategies, including efforts to increase staple food crop production, market interventions, and a variety of safety net programs, especially during emergencies. In Niger, where profound vulnerabilities combined with a high level of population growth have resulted in endemic food insecurity, the Government is faced with a serious challenge. In this context, the purpose of this study is to contribute to the existing strategy and assist the Government in developing a holistic, multi-sectoral, and institutional approach to reducing the population's vulnerability to food insecurity. This report adds value to the ongoing policy discussions in two ways: first, it presents new empirical analysis of: i) food insecurity and vulnerability of households during the period of food crises as well as during normal period, ii) the structure and integration of cereal markets within Niger and with markets in neighboring countries, and iii) causes of the 2005 food crisis, and lessons learned on implications of various levels of cross-border flows between Niger and Nigeria. Second, it provides concrete short- and medium-term recommendations for helping government to improve the performance of existing programs to increase food security, particularly related to preparedness for and responses to food crises, and to design efficient safety nets mechanisms for vulnerable population 40 17-11-21 00:19:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873772 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18550 Volltext, Open Access

1759729213

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729213 OCoLC 1255600897 WBOKR 18547 EBP 064560538 KEP 064560538 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18547 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Growing Accountability Agenda in Tertiary Education Progress or Mixed Blessing? Jamil Salmi VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Education Working Paper Series no. 16 s ACADEMIC COMMUNITY s ACADEMIC COUNCILS s ACADEMIC FREEDOM s ACADEMIC MANAGEMENT s ACADEMIC PREPARATION s ACADEMIC QUALITY s ACADEMIC STANDARDS s ACCREDITATION s ACCREDITATION BODIES s ACHIEVEMENT s ACHIEVEMENTS s ADDITIONAL RESOURCES s ADMISSION CRITERIA s ADVANCED EDUCATION s BASIC EDUCATION s BETTER LEARNING s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUSINESS SCHOOL s BUSINESS SCHOOLS s CAREERS s CENTRAL CONTROL s CIVIL SERVICE s COLLEGES s COLLEGIATE LEARNING ASSESSMENT s COMPETENCIES s COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION s CRITICAL THINKING s CURRICULA s DELIVERY OF EDUCATION s DELIVERY OF EDUCATION SERVICES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISCIPLINES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION GOVERNANCE s EDUCATION SERVICES s EDUCATION STUDENTS s EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATIONAL QUALITY s EDUCATORS s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENROLLMENT s EXAM s EXAM QUESTIONS s EXAMS s EXPENDITURES s FACULTIES s FACULTY POSITIONS s FACULTY SALARIES s FEDERAL UNIVERSITIES s FIELD TRIPS s FINANCIAL AUDITS s FINANCIAL CONTROL s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FOREIGN STUDENTS s GLOBAL MARKET s GRADUATE UNEMPLOYMENT s GRADUATION RATES s HIGH SCHOOL s HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION COMMUNITY s HIGHER EDUCATION LAW s HIGHER EDUCATION MANAGEMENT s HIGHER EDUCATION OUTCOMES s HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INNOVATIVE PROGRAMS s INSTITUTIONAL ACCREDITATION s INSTITUTIONAL AUTONOMY s INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH s INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ASSESSMENT s KNOWLEDGE SOCIETIES s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET NEEDS s LEARNING s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LEARNING RESULTS s LIFELONG LEARNING s MBA s MBA PROGRAMS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s NATIONAL ACCREDITATION s NATIONAL ACCREDITATION SYSTEM s NATIONAL ASSESSMENT s NATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS s NATIONAL UNIVERSITIES s PAPERS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s POOR PERFORMANCE s POST-SECONDARY INSTITUTIONS s PRIMARY FOCUS s PRIVATE EDUCATION s PRIVATE EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATE LESSONS s PRIVATE TERTIARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE TERTIARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES s PROFESSORS s PROFICIENCY s PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY OF TEACHING s REPETITION s REPETITION RATES s REPORTING OBLIGATIONS s RESEARCH CAPACITY s RESEARCH CONTRACTS s RESEARCH GRANTS s RESEARCH REPORT s RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES s RESEARCHERS s RETRAINING s SCHOOL CURRICULA s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SEXUAL HARASSMENT s SKILL LEVELS s SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY s STAFF EMPLOYMENT s STATE UNIVERSITIES s STRATEGIC PLANNING s STUDENT ENGAGEMENT s STUDENT ENROLLMENTS s STUDENT INTAKE s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES s STUDENT LOAN s STUDENT PERSPECTIVE s STUDENT POPULATION s STUDENT RECRUITMENT s STUDENT SATISFACTION s SUBJECTS s TEACHER s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING STAFF s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY EDUCATION COMMUNITY s TERTIARY EDUCATION FINANCING s TERTIARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s TERTIARY EDUCATION SECTOR s TERTIARY EDUCATION SYSTEM s TERTIARY EDUCATION SYSTEMS s TERTIARY INSTITUTION s TEXTBOOKS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TUITION s TUITION FEES s UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMS s UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATORS s UNIVERSITY COUNCIL s UNIVERSITY GOVERNANCE s UNIVERSITY GRADUATES s UNIVERSITY LEADERS s UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT s UNIVERSITY PROGRAMS s UNIVERSITY RECTORS s VOUCHER SYSTEM s VOUCHERS English en_US The purpose of this paper is to examine the accountability agenda in the tertiary education. Author proposes three principles of good accountability. First, accountability should not focus on the way institutions operate, but on the results that they actually achieve. Second, accountability works better when it is experienced in a constructive way, rather than being imposed in an inquisition-like mode. Tertiary education institutions are more likely to appreciate the value of reporting obligations if their relationship with stakeholders, especially government authorities, is based on positive incentives rather than punitive measures. Third, the most effective accountability mechanisms are those that are mutually agreed or are voluntarily embraced by tertiary education institutions. The paper concludes that the successful evolution of tertiary education hinges on finding an appropriate balance between credible accountability practices and favorable autonomy conditions 40 17-11-21 00:19:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873780 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18547 Volltext, Open Access

1759729221

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729221 OCoLC 1255600887 WBOKR 18532 EBP 06456052X KEP 06456052X 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18532 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Zimbabwe Public Expenditure Notes Financial and Regulatory Challenges in Infrastructure Parastatals and Sectors World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Africa Zimbabwe s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCIDENTS s ACCOUNT RECEIVABLES s ACCOUNTING s ACTION PLAN s ARBITRATION s ARREARS s AVAILABILITY s BACKBONE s BALANCE s BEST PRACTICES s BONDS s BOTTLENECKS s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUDGETING s BUSINESSES s CAPITAL MARKETS s CARBON TAX s CASH FLOW s CELL PHONE s CELLULAR NETWORK s CELLULAR PHONE s CENTRAL BANK s COAL s COAL COMPANY s COAL PRICE s COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES s COMMODITIES s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s COMPETITIVE PRICES s CONGESTION s CONGESTION MANAGEMENT s CONTRACT RENEGOTIATION s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s CURRENCY s CUSTOMER BASE s DEBT s DEBTOR s DEBTORS s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFICITS s DEMAND MANAGEMENT s DEREGULATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DIESEL s DISCRIMINATORY ACCESS s DISTRIBUTION FACILITIES s DISTRIBUTION LOSSES s DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICITY s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DOMESTIC BANKS s DOMESTIC COAL s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC MARKET s ECONOMIC CLIMATE s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s ELASTICITY s ELASTICITY OF DEMAND s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY SYSTEM s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s EMERGING MARKETS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s END-USERS s ENERGY PRODUCTS s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNALITIES s FAIR PRICES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FLOATING DEBT s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FREIGHT s FUEL s FUEL PRICE s FUEL PRICES s FUELS s GASOLINE s GENERATION s GENERATION CAPACITY s GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY s GOVERNMENT GRANTS s HEAVY TRUCKS s HEAVY VEHICLE s HIGHWAY s HOLDINGS s HYDRO PLANT s ICT s IMPORT COST s INFLATION s INFORMATION COMMUNICATION s INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTRUMENT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRANSIT s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCE OF BONDS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEVEL OF DEBTS s LEVEL OF SAFETY s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LEVIES s LEVY s LICENSE s LICENSES s LIMITED ACCESS s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY PROBLEM s LOAN s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MACROECONOMIC CRISIS s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRICES s MARKET SHARE s MARKET STRUCTURES s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE TELEPHONY s MOTOR TRANSPORTATION s NATIONAL TRANSPORT s NETWORKS s OIL s OIL COMPANY s OPERATING EXPENSES s OPPORTUNITY COST s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s PASSENGERS s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s PETROLEUM SECTOR s PHYSICAL ASSETS s PIPELINE s POLLUTION s POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES s POWER s POWER COMPANY s POWER GENERATION s POWER PLANT s PREPAYMENT s PRICE OF FUELS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE PARTIES s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PROCUREMENT s PROTOCOLS s PROVISIONS s PSP s PUBLIC s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE OBLIGATION s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s QUALITY OF SERVICE s RADIO s RADIO SPECTRUM s RAIL s RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE s RAIL SERVICE s RAILWAY s RAILWAY SYSTEM s RAILWAYS s RATES OF RETURN s RAW WATER s REGULATORY AUTHORITIES s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY STANDARDS s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT s RESERVE s RESERVE BANK s RESERVES s RESULT s RETURN s ROAD s ROAD CHARGES s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SECTOR s ROAD TOLLS s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD USER s ROAD USER CHARGE s ROAD USER CHARGES s ROADS s ROUTES s RURAL ELECTRIC s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s SAFETY s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SERVICE TO CUSTOMERS s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCKS s SULPHUR CONTENT s SUPPLY OF ELECTRICITY s TARIFF LEVELS s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TELECOM s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELEPHONE s TELEPHONE LINES s THERMAL PLANT s THERMAL PLANTS s TOLL s TRANSIT s TRANSMISSION s TRANSPORT CAPACITY s TRANSPORT OF GOODS s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORTATION s TRIP s TRUCKS s TRUST FUND s TURNOVER s UNIVERSAL SERVICE s URBAN ROADS s USERS s UTILITIES s VEHICLE s VEHICLE REGISTRATION s VEHICLES s VIDEO s WHOLESALE PRICE s WITHDRAWAL s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US The Government of Zimbabwe (GOZ) faces difficult choices in managing the size of its civil service wage bill. The Government understands the need to watch the escalating wage bill carefully and put in place a strategy to steer it to a sustainable level as early as possible. Historical and international comparisons suggest that an overall wage bill of around 10 percent of GDP should be the medium-term target. This note illustrates that Zimbabwe could take immediate steps in 2010 and 2011 that will put it on the path of a sustainable level of wage bill in the medium-term. The focus of efforts to contain the wage bill should be on short-term measures because designing and implementing a medium-term approach to wage bill management would be too challenging in view of prevailing economic uncertainty and complex political reality. The note covers the staff employed by the Central Government, including uniformed services and staff employed by the Grant-in-Aided (GIA) institutions. The staff employed by local governments and public enterprises are excluded because direct transfers from the central budget to local government and public enterprises are rather small. (annex A has an outline of the institutional aspects of civil service in Zimbabwe). Given the paucity of information, the note does not make any recommendations specific to the GIA wage bill 40 17-11-21 00:19:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873799 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18532 Volltext, Open Access

175972923X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972923X OCoLC 1255602519 WBOKR 18544 EBP 064560511 KEP 064560511 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18544 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Zimbabwe Public Expenditure Notes Managing Government Wage Bill for Sustained Recovery World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Africa Zimbabwe s ACCOUNTING s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL BUDGET FORMULATION s ANNUAL REPORT s ARTICLE s ATTRITION s AUDITOR s AUDITOR GENERAL s AVERAGE WAGE s AVERAGE WAGES s BASELINE SCENARIO s BRAIN DRAIN s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET FORMULATION PROCESS s BUDGET REVIEW s BUDGET SUPPORT s BUDGETARY IMPLICATIONS s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAPITAL SPENDING s CASH BASIS s CASH BUDGETING s CASH BUDGETING SYSTEM s CENTRAL BUDGET s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CHILD WELFARE s CIVIL SERVANT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE REFORM s CIVIL SERVICE SALARIES s COLLAPSE s COMPLAINTS s CONFIDENCE s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CPI s DEBT s DOMINANT EMPLOYER s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY s EDUCATION SERVICES s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT INCREASES s EMPLOYMENT LEVELS s EMPLOYMENT POLICY s EMPLOYMENT REDUCTION s EXTERNAL AID s EXTERNAL GRANTS s FISCAL ACTIVITIES s FISCAL CONSTRAINT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL IMPACT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL PROBLEMS s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FRAUD s GOVERNMENT EMPLOYMENT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HARD BUDGET CONSTRAINT s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH WORKERS s HIGH EMPLOYMENT s HIGH WAGE s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOMES s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES s INTEGRITY s JUSTICE s LABOR LAW s LABOR LAWS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR ORGANIZATION s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MINIMUM WAGE s MINISTRY OF DEFENSE s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL INCOME s NET LENDING s OPERATIONAL EXPENDITURES s PER CAPITA INCOME s POLICE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE INDEX s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR JOBS s PRIVATE SECTOR WAGES s PRIVATE SECTORS s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR SPECIALIST s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PURCHASING POWER s REAL WAGE s REAL WAGES s REGULAR WORKERS s REVENUE GROWTH s REVENUE PROJECTIONS s SALARY s SERVICE EMPLOYMENT s SKILL REQUIREMENTS s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s TAX REVENUES s TOTAL EMPLOYMENT s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOTAL WAGE s WAGE BILL s WAGE EXPENDITURES s WAGE GROWTH s WAGE INCREASE s WAGE LEVELS s WAGE NEGOTIATIONS s WAGE POLICIES s WAGE POLICY s WAGE RATE s WAGE RATES s WORKER English en_US The Government of Zimbabwe (GOZ) faces difficult choices in managing the size of its civil service wage bill. The Government understands the need to watch the escalating wage bill carefully and put in place a strategy to steer it to a sustainable level as early as possible. Historical and international comparisons suggest that an overall wage bill of around 10 percent of GDP should be the medium-term target. This note illustrates that Zimbabwe could take immediate steps in 2010 and 2011 that will put it on the path of a sustainable level of wage bill in the medium-term. The focus of efforts to contain the wage bill should be on short-term measures because designing and implementing a medium-term approach to wage bill management would be too challenging in view of prevailing economic uncertainty and complex political reality. The note covers the staff employed by the Central Government, including uniformed services and staff employed by the Grant-in-Aided (GIA) institutions. The staff employed by local governments and public enterprises are excluded because direct transfers from the central budget to local government and public enterprises are rather small. (annex A has an outline of the institutional aspects of civil service in Zimbabwe). Given the paucity of information, the note does not make any recommendations specific to the GIA wage bill 40 17-11-21 00:19:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873802 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18544 Volltext, Open Access

1759729248

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729248 OCoLC 1255600780 WBOKR 19464 EBP 064560503 KEP 064560503 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19464 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Achieving Fiscal Sustainability in Swaziland Reestablishing Control over the Wage Bill World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Africa Eswatini Swaziland s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS s ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES s ALLOCATION s ATTRITION s AVERAGE WAGE s BENEFICIARIES s BUDGET DECISIONS s CASH FLOW s CHECKS s CIVIL SERVANT s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s COLLAPSE s COMPENSATION PACKAGES s CONFIDENCE s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s DEBT SERVICE s DISCRETION s DOMESTIC REVENUE s DRIVERS s EARLY RETIREMENT s ECONOMIC DOWNTURN s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC GROWTH RATE s EFFICIENCY GAINS s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE LEVELS s EXPENDITURE PLANS s EXPENDITURES s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL IMBALANCES s FISCAL IMPACT s FISCAL IMPLICATIONS s FISCAL REVENUE s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s HEALTH SECTOR s HIGH WAGE s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INITIATIVE s LABOR FORCE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LUMP SUM TRANSFERS s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MASS LAYOFFS s MINISTER s MINISTERS s MINISTRY OF DEFENSE s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUND CONTRIBUTION s PENSION FUND CONTRIBUTIONS s PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT s PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT s PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK s POLICE s POLITICIANS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PREVIOUS ONE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SERVICES s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEFICIT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC PENSION s PUBLIC PENSION SYSTEM s PUBLIC REVENUE s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC SECTORS s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC WELFARE s PURCHASING POWER s QUALITY SERVICE s REASSIGNMENT s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s REFORM AGENDA s REFORM EFFORTS s RESERVE s REVENUE LEVELS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SIZE OF GOVERNMENT s SOCIAL WELFARE s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s TURNOVER s UNEMPLOYMENT s WAGE BILL s WAGE INCREASE s WAGE LEVELS s WAGE NEGOTIATIONS s WORKERS s YEARLY BUDGET English en_US This report discusses how to establish control over the wage bill in Swaziland, which has become uncommonly large. The wage bill needs to be addressed urgently for two main reasons. The first is that it cannot be afforded any more, as the public revenue base has experienced a significant collapse that will not be reversed in the near future. The second is that wages are crowding out other type of expenditure necessary for quality service delivery. Swaziland needs to consider two sets of options: one set to put the wage bill on a track that will see it decrease permanently over time as a percentage of GDP, and one that will contract it rapidly to achieve fiscal sustainability. The two sets of options, while conceptually different, need to be considered jointly to keep government effective and efficient. The report includes a simple modeling exercise, based on the actual pay scale and positions in the civil service (and estimates for the army) which provides insights as to the drivers of the wage bill. It also evidences the need to act decisively and rapidly to make it sustainable. It is only with a mix of immediate one-off reductions in wages and positions, with differentiated and selective increases in wages and positions looking forward, that the wage bill can be brought down to a sustainable level 40 17-11-21 00:19:06.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873810 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19464 Volltext, Open Access

1759729256

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729256 OCoLC 1255602526 WBOKR 18501 EBP 06456049X KEP 06456049X 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18501 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Cambodia Review of Government Information and Communications Technologies Policies and Investments World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Cambodia East Asia and Pacific s ACCESS TO THE INTERNET s ACCOUNTS PAYABLE s ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE s ADMINISTRATION PROCESSES s ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESSES s ANTI-VIRUS SOFTWARE s APPLICATION INTERFACE s APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY s APPROVAL SYSTEM s AUTHENTICATION s AUTOMOBILE s BACKBONE s BANDWIDTH s BANDWIDTH AVAILABILITY s BANDWIDTH CAPACITY s BROADBAND s BROADBAND NETWORK s BROWSER s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUSINESS APPLICATIONS s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS PROCESS s BUSINESS PROCESSES s BUSINESS SYSTEMS s BUSINESSES s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s CERTIFICATES s CERTIFICATION AUTHORITIES s CIO s CIOS s COMMERCE s COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPUTER HARDWARE s COMPUTERS s CONNECTIVITY s COORDINATION MECHANISMS s COPYRIGHT s CUSTOMER SATISFACTION s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS REVENUES s DATA ENTRY s DATA PROCESSING s DATA SECURITY s DATA TRANSFER s DATABASE SYSTEMS s DEVELOPMENT OF E-COMMERCE s DIGITAL DIVIDE s DIGITAL SIGNATURE s DIGITALIZATION s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DOCUMENT MANAGEMENT s E-COMMERCE s E-COMMERCE LAW s E-CUSTOMS s E-GOVERNMENT s E-GOVERNMENT INITIATIVE s E-GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES s E-GOVERNMENT PROJECTS s E-LEARNING s E-TRANSACTIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELECTRONIC COMMERCE s ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT s ELECTRONIC DOCUMENTS s ELECTRONIC FILING s ELECTRONIC PLATFORMS s ELECTRONIC PROCUREMENT s ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE s ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES s ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS s EMAILS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s END-USER s END-USERS s EQUIPMENT s EXPORT MARKETS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FRAUD s GENERAL POPULATION s GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES s GOVERNMENT ENTITIES s GOVERNMENT NETWORKS s GOVERNMENT OFFICE s GOVERNMENT OFFICES s GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SERVICE s GOVERNMENT SERVICES s HACKING s HARD COPY s HARDWARE s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE CAPACITY s HUMAN RESOURCES s ICT s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s IMPLEMENTING AGENCY s INDUSTRY STANDARD s INFORMATION COMMUNICATIONS s INFORMATION COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE s INFORMATION SECURITY s INFORMATION SERVICES s INFORMATION SHARING s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INNOVATION s INSPECTION s INSTALLATION s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS s INTERFACES s INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER s INTEROPERABILITY s INTRANET s IP s ISPS s IT INFRASTRUCTURE s LAN s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LICENSE s LICENSE FEES s LICENSES s LOCAL AREA NETWORK s LOCAL AREA NETWORKS s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MARKET INFORMATION s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE PHONES s NATURAL RESOURCES s NAVIGATION s NEW TECHNOLOGY s ONLINE DATABASE s ONLINE REGISTRATION s ONLINE SERVICES s ONLINE TRAINING s ONLINE TRANSACTIONS s OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE s OPERATING SYSTEMS s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PERFORMANCE MEASURES s PERSONAL COMPUTER s PERSONAL DATA s PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION s PHONE CONNECTIONS s PRIVACY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTORS s PROCUREMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s REAL-TIME DATA s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESIDENT REGISTRATION s RESULT s RESULTS s RETENTION s SATELLITE s SEARCH s SECURE TRANSACTIONS s SENSITIVE INFORMATION s SERVER s SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENTS s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICES TO CITIZENS s SILOS s SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS s SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT s SOFTWARE PRODUCTS s SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS s SOURCE CODE s SOURCE CODES s SPREADSHEET s SUPPORT STAFF s TECHNICAL EXPERTISE s TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS s TECHNICAL STAFF s TECHNICAL STANDARDS s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TELECOM s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE INFORMATION s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING MATERIALS s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION PROCESSING s UNICODE s UNIVERSAL SERVICE s UNIVERSAL SERVICE OBLIGATION s USES s VIDEO s VIRUS s WEB s WEB DESIGN s WEB PRESENCE English en_US Further, governments are using information and communication technologies (ICT) as tools to reduce transaction costs and processing time, and increase government revenues. Further, the potential to access public services at home or at a local Internet kiosk empowers citizens in rural areas, including women and minorities. Access to relevant public information on rights and benefits, inheritance and family laws, health care, and housing can be provided through the Internet or mobile phone which translates to easier access and less time than traveling to or queuing up at government departments. The Royal Government of Cambodia (the Government) has taken various initiatives regarding the streamlining of ICTs in administration functions and several core agencies have invested or are planning on investing in information systems, databases of various types, websites, communications networks, etc. However, this figure will be significantly higher when the cost for ICT components under sector projects, such as under education, public finance, and trade are included. As the number of projects with ICT components increases in the Government, leadership and overall governance of ICT implementation will become increasingly important. ICT investments often involve high costs and big risks. Failure rates of ICT projects in governments around the world are notable. Costs for failure not only include monetary loss but costs in terms of reputation of the implementing agency or donor, and diminished incentives for future attempts in using ICTs 40 17-11-21 00:19:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873829 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18501 Volltext, Open Access

1759729264

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729264 OCoLC 1255602478 WBOKR 18526 EBP 064560481 KEP 064560481 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18526 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO China Shandong Culture Heritage Sector Review World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCESS ROAD s ADEQUATE WATER SUPPLY s ANCIENT BUILDINGS s ANCIENT TEMPLES s ARCHES s ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES s ARCHITECTURE s ART s ARTISTS s ATTRACTIONS s AUTHENTICITY s BASIC s BUDDHA s BUFFER ZONES s BUILDING STANDARDS s CITY PLANNING s CITY UPGRADING s CIVILIZATION s CULTURAL CITIES s CULTURAL EDUCATION s CULTURAL EVENTS s CULTURAL HERITAGE s CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSETS s CULTURAL HERITAGE PRESERVATION s CULTURAL RELICS s CULTURAL SITES s DAY TRIPS s DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM s DOMESTIC TOURISM s DOMESTIC TRAVEL s ENTRANCE FEES s ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT s FOREIGN TOURISTS s GARDEN s HANDICRAFTS s HERITAGE s HERITAGE ASSETS s HERITAGE PROTECTION s HERITAGE VALUES s HISTORIC BUILDINGS s HISTORIC CITIES s HISTORIC CITY s HOTELS s INDUSTRIAL OUTPUT s INDUSTRIAL RESTRUCTURING s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTERNATIONAL TOURISM s INTERNATIONAL TOURISM MARKET s INTERNATIONAL TOURISTS s INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL s INTERNATIONAL VISITORS s LAND USE s LANDSCAPES s LEARNING s LEGISLATION s LIBRARIES s LITTER s LOCAL TOURISTS s MINING s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS s MUNICIPAL TOURISM s MUSEUM s NUMBER OF TOURISTS s NUMBERS OF TOURISTS s OUTBOUND TRAVEL s PALACE s PHILOSOPHY s PROTECTION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE s RESIDENTIAL LAND s RESORTS s RESTAURANTS s SCENIC SPOTS s SCHOOLS s SEPTIC TANKS s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWER SYSTEMS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE COLLECTION s SOUVENIRS s SUSTAINABLE TOURISM s TEMPLE s TEMPLES s TOUR s TOUR GROUPS s TOURISM s TOURISM ADMINISTRATION s TOURISM BUREAU s TOURISM DEVELOPMENT s TOURISM DEVELOPMENT COMPANY s TOURISM DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s TOURISM INDUSTRY s TOURISM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT s TOURISM INDUSTRY STATISTICS s TOURISM INFRASTRUCTURE s TOURISM MANAGEMENT s TOURISM MARKET s TOURISM OPERATORS s TOURISM PRODUCT s TOURISM PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT s TOURISM PRODUCTS s TOURISM RESOURCES s TOURISM REVENUE s TOURISM SERVICE s TOURIST s TOURIST ARRIVALS s TOURIST ATTRACTION s TOURIST ATTRACTIONS s TOURIST FACILITIES s TOURIST INFORMATION s TOURIST SERVICE s TOURIST VISITS s TOURISTS s TRADITION s TRADITIONAL BUILDINGS s TRADITIONAL HOUSING s TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE s TRAVEL AGENCIES s TRAVEL AGENCY s TRIP s UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE s UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE s URBAN CONSTRUCTION s URBAN DESIGN s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN ENVIRONMENT s URBAN HERITAGE s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN UPGRADING s VACATION s VISITOR s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WEATHER DAMAGE s WORLD HERITAGE SITES s WORLD HISTORY English en_US Qufu and Zoucheng are two neighboring county-level cities in Jining Municipality, a poor area in the South-West of Shandong Province. The area was home to some of China's earliest civilizations, and rich in cultural heritage assets. Cultural heritage assets in the project area include the Confucius temple, Kong family mansion, and burial grounds complex, a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) world heritage site, as well as over 100 national-level cultural heritage assets. Qufu has a population of 640,000, covers an area of 896 k 40 17-11-21 00:19:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873837 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18526 Volltext, Open Access

1759729272

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729272 OCoLC 1255600984 WBOKR 18507 EBP 064560473 KEP 064560473 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18507 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Liberia Gender-Aware Programs and Women's Roles in Agricultural Value Chains World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FORMAL CREDIT s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO RESOURCES s ACHIEVEMENT OF GENDER BALANCE s AFFIRMATIVE ACTION s AFFORDABILITY s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL MARKETING s AGRICULTURAL MARKETS s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL SERVICES s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATIONS s ANIMAL HEALTH s AQUACULTURE s ASSESSMENT OF GENDER s ASSISTANCE TO WOMEN s AVAILABILITY OF FINANCE s BANKS s BASIC NEEDS s BORROWING s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUSINESS TRAINING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY BUILDING FOR WOMEN s CASSAVA s CEREALS s CHILD CARE s COCOA s COOPERATIVES s CREDIT FACILITIES s CROPS s DAYCARE s DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC AGENTS s ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION s ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS s ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMICS s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EMPOWERMENT s EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN s EQUAL RIGHTS s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT CROPS s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXTENSION s EXTENSION SERVICES s FARMER s FARMERS s FARMS s FEMALE FARMERS s FERTILIZERS s FINANCE INITIATIVES s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FISH s FISHERIES s FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS s FOOD CROPS s FOOD DISTRIBUTION s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD MARKETS s FOOD PRODUCERS s FOOD PRODUCTION s FROZEN FISH s GENDER s GENDER ACTION s GENDER ANALYSIS s GENDER BALANCE s GENDER CONSIDERATIONS s GENDER DIMENSIONS s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER DIVISION OF LABOR s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER EQUALITY IN ACCESS s GENDER ISSUES s GENDER MAINSTREAMING s GENDER MAINSTREAMING STRATEGY s GENDER SPECIALIST s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS s GREATER ACCESS s HOUSEHOLD CHORES s HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY s HOUSEHOLD TASKS s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HOUSEHOLDS s HUSBAND s HYGIENE s ILLITERACY s IMPORT DUTIES s INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES s INCOMES s INDIVIDUAL ACCESS s INFORMAL FINANCE s INFORMAL NETWORKS s INFORMATION ON WOMEN s INFORMATION SERVICES s INFORMATION SHARING s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTEGRATION s INTEGRATION OF GENDER s KOLA s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKETS s LACK OF ACCESS s LACK OF KNOWLEDGE s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND RESOURCES s LIMITED ACCESS s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s MAINSTREAMING GENDER s MAIZE s MANGOES s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKETING s MEAT s MICROCREDIT s MILLS s MINISTRY OF GENDER s NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s NETWORK OF WOMEN s NGOS s NUTRITION s NUTS s OKRA s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN s PACKAGING s PALM OIL s PAWPAW s PEANUTS s PEPPER s PHYSICAL ASSETS s POLICY DESIGN s POOR ACCESS s POTATO s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCESSED FOODS s PRODUCTION CAPACITY s PRODUCTIVITY s PRODUCTIVITY-ENHANCING INPUTS s PROTEIN s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s RADIO OWNERSHIP s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT RATES s REVOLVING FUNDS s RICE s ROLE OF WOMEN s RUBBER s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL WOMEN s SAVINGS s SEED DEVELOPMENT s SMALLHOLDER s SMALLHOLDER PARTICIPATION s SMALLHOLDERS s SUPPORT FOR WOMEN s SUPPORT SERVICES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSACTIONS COSTS s TUBERS s UNDP s UNIFEM s UNITED NATIONS s UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT FUND FOR WOMEN s UNITED NATIONS FUND FOR WOMEN s URBAN AREAS s USAID s WATER SUPPLY s WFP s WOMEN FARMERS s WOMEN IN AGRICULTURE s WORLD FOOD PROGRAM English en_US This Policy Memorandum provides policy advice to the government of Liberia (GOL) in an effort to mainstream gender issues in policies, programs, and projects supporting agricultural production and value-chain development. It is organized as follows. Section I reviews women's roles in Liberian agriculture and agricultural value chains, drawing on a variety of data sources, including the 2007 Core Welfare Indicator Questionnaire Survey (CWIQ) and the two rounds of the Comprehensive Food Security and Nutrition Survey (CFSNS, 2006 and 2008). It also gives an overview of the agricultural sector in Liberia. Section II uses the same sources to analyze key constraints faced by women as agricultural producers and in value-adding activities, as well as key crop-specific issues in cassava, rice, and tree crops. Section III reviews the engagement of the GOL in gender-aware agriculture programs and recommends some key general principles to support gender-aware interventions, and specific recommendations aimed at supporting women as agricultural producers and increasing access to, and better efficiency in, value addition. Section IV discusses the institutional issues that need to be considered to support the design, implementation and monitoring of interventions. Finally, Section V discusses the availability and the role of appropriate gender aware data as the basis for policy programming and monitoring of interventions 40 17-11-21 00:19:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873845 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18507 Volltext, Open Access

1759729280

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729280 OCoLC 1255600943 WBOKR 18522 EBP 064560465 KEP 064560465 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18522 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Urban Accessibility Mobility Index Feasibility Stage Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource s ACCESS TO JOBS s ACCESSIBILITY s AFFORDABILITY INDEX s AFFORDABLE TRANSPORT s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s AMBIENT AIR s AMBIENT AIR QUALITY s AUTOMOBILES s AVERAGE BUS FARE s AVERAGE TRAVEL TIME s AVERAGE TRIP s AVERAGE TRIP LENGTH s BASIC TRANSPORT s BICYCLE s BUS s BUS COMPANY s BUS FARE s BUS FLEET s BUS FLEETS s BUS RIDERSHIP s BUS ROUTES s BUS SECTOR s BUS STOP s BUSES s BUSWAYS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAR s CAR JOURNEY s CAR OWNERSHIP s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS s CARRIAGES s CARS s CHOICE OF TRANSPORT s CHOICE OF TRANSPORT MODE s CITY BUS s CITY TRANSPORT s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMPREHENSIVE TRANSPORTATION s CONGESTION s COST PER TRIP s CRASHES s EMISSION s EMISSIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s FARES s FATALITIES s FLEETS s FRAMEWORK s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s HIGHWAYS s INCOME s INJURIES s ISO s JOURNEY TO WORK s JOURNEYS s MAJOR ROADS s METROPOLITAN TRANSIT AUTHORITY s METROPOLITAN TRANSPORT s METROPOLITAN TRANSPORT AUTHORITY s MILEAGE s MINI-BUS s MINIBUS s MINIBUSES s MOBILITY s MODAL SHARE s MODAL SHARES s MODES OF TRAVEL s MOTOR VEHICLE s MOTOR VEHICLE OWNERSHIP s MOTORCYCLE s MOTORCYCLES s NMT s NONMOTORIZED TRANSPORT s PARKING s PARTICULATE MATTER s PASSENGER TRAFFIC s PASSENGER TRIPS s PEAK HOUR s PEAK HOURS s PEDESTRIANS s POLICE s POLLUTION CONTROL s PRIVATE AUTOMOBILES s PRIVATE VEHICLES s PUBLIC TRANSIT s PUBLIC TRANSIT SYSTEM s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT AFFORDABILITY s PUBLIC TRANSPORT FARES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORKS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT OPERATORS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SUPPLY s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT TRIPS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT USAGE s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s RAIL PASSENGER s RAIL SAFETY s RAIL TRAVEL s RAIL TRIPS s RAILWAY s RAILWAY NETWORK s RIDERSHIP s ROAD s ROAD ACCIDENTS s ROAD CASUALTIES s ROAD DEATHS s ROAD DENSITY s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SAFETY s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD VEHICLES s ROUTE s ROUTES s RURAL ACCESS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL ROADS s SAFETY s SCHOOL BUSES s SERVICE VEHICLES s SPAN s STREETS s SUBURBAN RAIL s SUBURBAN TRAINS s SUBURBS s SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT s TAXIS s TRAFFIC JAMS s TRAFFIC VOLUMES s TRAIN CARS s TRAINS PER HOUR s TRANSIT SYSTEM s TRANSIT TRIPS s TRANSPORT ACCESSIBILITY s TRANSPORT AFFORDABILITY s TRANSPORT ANALYSIS s TRANSPORT CONDITIONS s TRANSPORT DATA s TRANSPORT DATA COLLECTION s TRANSPORT EFFICIENCY s TRANSPORT EXPENDITURE s TRANSPORT INDICATORS s TRANSPORT INDUSTRY s TRANSPORT MODE s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT PROJECTS s TRANSPORT RESEARCH s TRANSPORT SAFETY s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT STRATEGY s TRANSPORT SUSTAINABILITY s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORT SYSTEM EFFICIENCY s TRANSPORT SYSTEM PERFORMANCE s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION POLICIES s TRANSPORTATION STUDY s TRAVEL SPEED s TRAVEL TIME s TRIP RATE s TRIPS s TRIPS BY PUBLIC s TRIPS PER CAPITA s TRIPS PER DAY s TRIPS PER MONTH s UNPAVED ROADS s URBAN MOBILITY s URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT s URBAN ROADS s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBAN TRANSPORT INDICATORS s URBAN TRANSPORT POLICIES s URBAN TRANSPORT POLICY s URBAN TRANSPORT PORTFOLIO s URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECT s URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECTS s URBAN TRANSPORT SECTOR s URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM s URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s URBAN TRAVEL s URBANIZATION s VEHICLES s WALKING s WORK TRIP s WORK TRIPS English en_US Given the increasing importance of the urban transport sector, the World Bank decided to explore the feasibility of setting up a possible urban accessibility/mobility index. The purpose of such an index would be to provide an indicator / measurement, of how urban transport systems in different cities compared to one another, and how the transport system developed in each individual city. The aim is to provide client cities and countries, along with the World Bank and other institutions, with some evidence-based information. It is for this reason that the Bank decided to develop a suitable index. However, urban transport has multiple dimensions, and cannot be comprehensively assessed by a single indicator. There is an acute lack of reliable data on different aspects concerning urban transport. Therefore, a compromise was decided upon, in order to develop an index that was both comprehensive and practical. The compromise required that data for the index / indicators should be easy to collect, easy to interpret and understand, and replicable from one city to another. It was also essential that the data be regularly updated and easily available. The core urban transport policy of the Bank is to help countries and cities develop policies that favor public transport and non-motorized transport modes, versus private cars and motorcycles. The outline design of the urban accessibility/mobility index explored in this feasibility stage report, has been envisaged to indeed reflect these objectives 40 17-11-21 00:19:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873853 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18522 Volltext, Open Access

1759729299

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729299 OCoLC 1255602278 WBOKR 18474 EBP 064560457 KEP 064560457 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18474 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Croatia Diagnostic Review of Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy, Volume 2. Comparison against Good Practices World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCRUALS s ADVERTISEMENT s ADVERTISEMENTS s AFFORDABILITY s ALTERNATIVE FINANCING s ANNUAL INTEREST RATE s ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING s ATM s ATM CARDS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK CHARGES s BANK CREDIT s BANK CUSTOMERS s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK OFFICIALS s BANK PRODUCTS s BANKERS ASSOCIATIONS s BANKING ASSOCIATIONS s BANKING CUSTOMERS s BANKING PRACTICES s BANKING PRODUCTS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SERVICES s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKING SYSTEMS s BANKS s BEST PRACTICES s BIG BANKS s BORROWER s BROCHURE s BROCHURES s BUSINESS ACTIVITIES s BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS s CALCULATION s CAPITAL MARKET s CHECKS s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPOUND INTEREST s CONFLICT OF INTERESTS s CONSUMER s CONSUMER COMPLAINTS s CONSUMER CONFIDENCE s CONSUMER COUNSELING s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONSUMER INFORMATION s CONSUMER ISSUES s CONSUMER LITERACY s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMERS s CONSUMERS ASSOCIATIONS s COST OF CREDIT s COURT SETTLEMENT s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT CARD s CREDIT CARDS s CREDIT EXPANSION s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT INSTITUTION s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT PRODUCTS s CREDIT REPORT s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT UNIONS s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s CREDITS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CROATIAN NATIONAL BANK s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNTS s DEBT s DEBT COLLECTION s DEBT COLLECTORS s DEBTOR s DEBTORS s DEBTS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITOR s DEPOSITS s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s EMPLOYERS s ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EXCHANGE RATE s FEE INCOME s FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES s FINANCIAL ARRANGEMENT s FINANCIAL CONSUMER s FINANCIAL CONSUMERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL EDUCATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL ISSUES s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL LITERACY PROGRAM s FINANCIAL LITERACY SURVEYS s FINANCIAL MATTERS s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL REGULATORS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FUND MANAGEMENT s GENERAL PUBLIC s GUARANTOR s HOUSEHOLD DEBT s HOUSEHOLD DEPOSITS s HOUSEHOLD SAVINGS s HOUSING s HOUSING LOANS s INACTIVE ACCOUNTS s INDEBTEDNESS s INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS s INFORMATION SHARING s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TO CONSUMERS s INFORMED DECISION s INSTALLMENTS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURANCE POLICY s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURANCE SCHEME s INTEREST CHARGES s INTEREST COSTS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CRISIS s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT PRODUCTS s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROVISION s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGAL RECOURSE s LEGAL REQUIREMENT s LEGAL REQUIREMENTS s LEGISLATION s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFE INSURANCE PREMIUMS s LINES OF CREDIT s LOAN s LOAN AMOUNT s LOAN CONTRACT s LOAN DEFAULT s LOAN REPAYMENT s MANDATES s MANDATORY PENSION FUNDS s MARKET COMPETITION s MARKET CONCENTRATION s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SIZE s MARKETING s MAXIMUM LOAN AMOUNT s MINIMUM BALANCE s MINIMUM PAYMENT s MONIES s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE LOAN s MORTGAGE LOANS s MORTGAGES s NATIONAL BANK s NOMINAL INTEREST RATE s NOMINAL INTEREST RATES s NONPERFORMING LOANS s ONLINE CREDIT s OPERATING INCOME s OPERATING PERMITS s OUTSTANDING BALANCE s OVERDRAFT s OVERDRAFT FACILITIES s OVERDRAFTS s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PAYMENT SYSTEMS s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PENSIONS s PERSONAL FINANCE s PERSONAL FINANCES s PORTFOLIO s PREDATORY LENDING s PRESS CONFERENCES s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE PENSION FUNDS s PRUDENTIAL REGULATION s PUBLIC AWARENESS s RATE OF INTEREST s RECAPITALIZATION s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT PERIODS s RESERVES s RESPONSIBILITIES s SALARY s SALE s SALES s SAVINGS s SAVINGS BANKS s SECURITIES s SHARE OF ASSETS s STOCK EXCHANGE s TRANSACTION s TYPES OF LOANS s UNION s VARIABLE INTEREST RATES s VULNERABLE CONSUMERS s VULNERABLE GROUPS English en_US As financial markets develop and deepen, one of the key issues for a fair, open and efficient market is effective consumer protection and financial literacy. The European Union takes the approach that an effective regime of financial consumer protection should allow consumers to have access to: sufficient information to make informed decisions about their financial choices; cost-effective recourse mechanisms to redress violations of financial service contracts; and programs of consumer education and financial literacy that empower them to understand their financial rights and obligations. This review has found that the quality of consumer protection in financial services in Croatia has improved in recent years. In particular, the approval of the 2007 Consumer Protection Act incorporated many of the EU Directives related to financial consumer protection. In addition, the National Council on Consumer Protection was established in 2008 to advise the Government on its national strategy for consumer protection in the coming years. A nation-wide baseline survey of financial literacy would provide useful information in designing programs in financial education and consumer awareness. As pioneered in the United Kingdom, financial literacy surveys can identify which part of the population is most vulnerable to financial abuse. The baseline survey should be segmented by age, gender, geographic area, household income, and formal education. After a period of three to five years, a follow-up survey could be done to evaluate the effectiveness of the programs of financial education and consumer awareness 40 17-11-21 00:19:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873861 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18474 Volltext, Open Access

1759729302

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729302 OCoLC 1255600970 WBOKR 18488 EBP 064560449 KEP 064560449 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18488 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Croatia Diagnostic Review of Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy, Volume 1. Key Findings and Recommendations World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCURATE INFORMATION s ADVERTISEMENTS s ANNUAL INTEREST RATE s ANNUAL PERCENTAGE RATE s ANNUAL RETURN s APR s ATM s AUTOMATIC TELLER s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK CREDIT s BANK LENDING s BANK LOANS s BANK PRODUCTS s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING PRODUCTS s BANKS s BASIC FINANCIAL SERVICES s BEST PRACTICES s BORROWER s BROCHURES s BUDGETING s CALCULATION s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPARISONS OF LOAN s CONSUMER s CONSUMER COMPLAINTS s CONSUMER COUNSELING s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONSUMER CREDITS s CONSUMER EDUCATION s CONSUMER FINANCE s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER LENDING s CONSUMER LOAN s CONSUMER LOANS s CONSUMER ORGANIZATIONS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMER PROTECTION LAWS s CONSUMER RIGHTS s CONSUMER UNDERSTANDING s CONSUMERS s CONTRIBUTIONS s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT BUREAUS s CREDIT CARD s CREDIT HISTORIES s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT PRODUCTS s CREDIT RECORD s CREDIT REPORT s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT SCORES s CREDIT SCORING s CREDITORS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s DEBT s DEBT COLLECTION s DEBTOR s DEBTORS s DELINQUENCY s DELINQUENCY RATES s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSIT PRODUCTS s DEPOSITS s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DURABLE GOOD s EXCHANGE RATES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCE COMPANIES s FINANCE COMPANY s FINANCIAL ABUSE s FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES s FINANCIAL AGENCY s FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR s FINANCIAL CONSUMER s FINANCIAL CONSUMERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL CUSTOMERS s FINANCIAL DECISIONS s FINANCIAL EDUCATION s FINANCIAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS s FINANCIAL EXPERIENCE s FINANCIAL GROUP s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL INDUSTRY s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES s FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS s FINANCIAL ISSUES s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL LITERACY PROGRAMS s FINANCIAL LITERACY SURVEYS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL OPTIONS s FINANCIAL PRACTICES s FINANCIAL PRODUCT s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL PROFESSIONAL s FINANCIAL REGULATORS s FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SERVICES AUTHORITY s FINANCIAL SERVICES INDUSTRY s FINANCIAL SERVICES PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FORMAL EDUCATION s GOOD CREDIT s HEALTH INSURANCE s HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS s HOUSEHOLD DEBT s HOUSEHOLD FINANCES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s INDEBTEDNESS s INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMED DECISIONS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURANCE POLICY s INTEREST CHARGES s INTEREST RATES s INVESTMENT ADVISOR s INVESTMENT ADVISORS s INVESTMENT FIRM s INVESTMENT FIRMS s INVESTMENT PRODUCT s INVESTMENT RETURNS s INVESTMENT STRATEGIES s LEGAL RECOURSE s LENDER s LENDERS s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LITERACY PROGRAM s LOAN s LOAN AMOUNT s LOAN APPLICATIONS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LONG-TERM FINANCIAL PLANS s LONG-TERM SAVINGS s LOW COST s LOW-INCOME s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKETING s MEDIA CAMPAIGN s MONTHLY PAYMENTS s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE FINANCE s MORTGAGE LOAN s MORTGAGE LOANS s MORTGAGES s NATIONAL BANK s PARENT COMPANY s PENALTY FEES s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION PRODUCTS s PENSION SECTORS s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONERS s PENSIONS s PERSONAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION s POOR FINANCIAL LITERACY s PREDATORY LENDING s PRIVATE PENSIONS s PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION s PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS s PUBLIC GOOD s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PURCHASES s REPAYMENT s RESPONSIBILITIES s RETAIL FINANCIAL SERVICES s RETIRED s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT INCOME s RISK MANAGEMENT s SALARY s SALE s SALES s SAVINGS FOR RETIREMENT s SAVINGS GOALS s SCAMS s SECURITIES s SENIOR s SERVICES FOR LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s SHARE PRICES s STAKEHOLDERS s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCKS s TAX LAWS s TERM CONTRACT s TIMELY PAYMENTS s TOTAL COSTS s TRANSACTION s TYPES OF INVESTMENTS s TYPES OF LOANS s UNION s VALUABLE English en_US As financial markets develop and deepen, one of the key issues for a fair, open and efficient market is effective consumer protection and financial literacy. The European Union takes the approach that an effective regime of financial consumer protection should allow consumers to have access to: sufficient information to make informed decisions about their financial choices; cost-effective recourse mechanisms to redress violations of financial service contracts; and programs of consumer education and financial literacy that empower them to understand their financial rights and obligations. This review has found that the quality of consumer protection in financial services in Croatia has improved in recent years. In particular, the approval of the 2007 Consumer Protection Act incorporated many of the EU Directives related to financial consumer protection. In addition, the National Council on Consumer Protection was established in 2008 to advise the Government on its national strategy for consumer protection in the coming years. A nation-wide baseline survey of financial literacy would provide useful information in designing programs in financial education and consumer awareness. As pioneered in the United Kingdom, financial literacy surveys can identify which part of the population is most vulnerable to financial abuse. The baseline survey should be segmented by age, gender, geographic area, household income, and formal education. After a period of three to five years, a follow-up survey could be done to evaluate the effectiveness of the programs of financial education and consumer awareness 40 17-11-21 00:19:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987387X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18488 Volltext, Open Access

1759729310

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729310 OCoLC 1255602221 WBOKR 19466 EBP 064560430 KEP 064560430 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19466 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Egypt Improve Energy Efficiency World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s BARRIERS TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s ENERGY INTENSITY s ENERGY RESOURCE USE English en_US Egypt has an overall low efficiency in using energy resources to create economic wealth. Egypt is among the most energy intensive economies in the Middle East North Africa region as well as in the world. The Egyptian energy intensity is almost twice as high as in some neighboring countries like Morocco and Tunisia and four times as high as industrialized countries like Japan and Germany. On the sector level, most industrial processes, equipment and consumer appliances in Egypt have 20 percent or higher energy consumption than the best international practices. Therefore, Egypt has a great opportunity to improve the efficiency of its energy resource utilization across all segments of economic activities. The objective of this report is to take stock of the past/ongoing energy efficiency initiatives and activities and to recommend a set of the principal strategic actions which could be undertaken by the Government of Egypt to promote and sustain energy efficiency improvements. The first part of the report presents the following topics: a brief general overview of energy use in Egypt; an analysis of the current institutional framework for energy efficiency; a review of the past, ongoing and future energy efficiency activities and programs implemented by different organizations; and an identification of the major barriers to energy efficiency. In the second part of the report, specific recommendations to further improve energy efficiency in Egypt are presented, supported by a review of some of the relevant international best practices and lessons learned from national and international experiences 40 17-11-21 00:19:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873888 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19466 Volltext, Open Access

1759729329

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:29.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729329 OCoLC 1255602513 WBOKR 18426 EBP 064560422 KEP 064560422 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18426 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Transit ITS Implementation Guidance Part 2. Transit ITS Projects in China--Lessons Learned World Bank VerfasserIn aut Beijing 2009 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCELERATION s APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY s BIDDING s BUNCHING s BUS s BUS COMPANY s BUS OPERATORS s BUS ROUTE s BUS STOPS s BUSES s BUSINESS OPERATIONS s BUSINESS PROCESS s BUSINESS PROCESSES s BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS s BUSINESS REPUTATIONS s CAPABILITY s CITIES s COMMODITIES s COMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES s COMPONENTS s COMPUTER EQUIPMENT s COMPUTING s CONNECTIVITY s CONTRACTORS s CONTROL SYSTEM s CUSTOM s CUSTOMIZATION s DECISION-MAKING s DISPLAY BOARDS s DRIVERS s END-USER s ENGINEERING s EQUIPMENT s FARE COLLECTION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FRAMEWORK s FRAUD s FUEL s HARDWARE s HEADWAY s IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s IMPLEMENTING AGENCY s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTALLATION s INSTALLATIONS s INTEROPERABILITY s KNOWLEDGE BASE s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS s MONITORS s PASSENGER s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROCUREMENT PROCESSES s PROGRAMMING s PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROTOTYPE s PUBLIC TRANSIT s PUBLIC TRANSIT SYSTEM s RAPID TRANSIT s RELIABILITY s ROUTERS s ROUTES s SERVERS s SITES s SMART CARDS s SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT s SOFTWARE PRODUCT s SOFTWARE PRODUCTS s SOFTWARE SUITE s SOFTWARE SYSTEMS s SOFTWARE VENDORS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT s TERMINALS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAFFIC ENGINEERING s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s TRAFFIC SIGNAL SYSTEMS s TRANSACTION s TRANSIT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORTATION s TRAVEL TIME s TRIPS s URBAN TRAFFIC s URBAN TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s USER MANAGEMENT s VEHICLES s WEBSITE s WIRELESS s WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS s WORKSTATIONS English en_US There has been increased ... 40 17-11-21 00:19:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873896 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18426 Volltext, Open Access

1759729337

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:30.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729337 OCoLC 1255602222 WBOKR 18503 EBP 064560414 KEP 064560414 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18503 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ecuador Diversification and Sustainable Growth in an Oil - Dependent Country World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Ecuador Latin America & Caribbean s ACCESS ROADS s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AGRICULTURE s APPROACH s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BANK LOANS s BANKRUPTCY s BARRELS PER DAY s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS REGULATION s CARTEL s CDF s CENTRAL BANK s CIVIL WARS s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY EXPORTS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CRISES IN EMERGING MARKET s CRUDE OIL s CRUDE OIL PRODUCTION s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEBT CRISIS s DEBT SERVICE s DEPOSIT s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIESEL s DIESEL CONSUMPTION s DOLLAR VALUE s ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMETRIC RESULTS s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DOWNTURNS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMIC STUDIES s ECONOMIC VOLATILITY s ELECTRIC GENERATION s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY RESOURCES s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS s EQUILIBRIUM s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT SECTORS s EXPORTS s EXPOSURE s FARMS s FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTORS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FISH s FISHING s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN FIRMS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FORESTRY s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENT s FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS s FUEL s FUEL PRICE s FUEL PRICES s FUTURE GROWTH s GASOLINE s GDP s GDP PER CAPITA s GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s HEAVY OIL s HIGHER OIL PRICES s INCOME s INCOME GROUPS s INCREASING RETURNS s INDUSTRIAL SECTOR s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INPUT USE s INSURANCE s INTERMEDIATE GOODS s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL OIL PRICES s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT POLICIES s JOB CREATION s JOINT VENTURE s LIQUIDITY s LUBRICANTS s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET ECONOMIES s MARKET PRICES s MILLION BARRELS s MINERAL s MINERAL RESERVES s MINES s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL CURRENCY s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET OIL s OIL s OIL COMPANIES s OIL COMPANY s OIL EXPLORATION s OIL EXPORT REVENUES s OIL EXPORTER s OIL EXPORTS s OIL EXTRACTION s OIL FIELDS s OIL FUELS s OIL INDUSTRY s OIL MARKET s OIL OUTPUT s OIL PIPELINE s OIL PIPELINES s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICE FLUCTUATIONS s OIL PRICES s OIL PRODUCTION s OIL RECOVERY s OIL REFINERY s OIL REFINING s OIL RESERVES s OIL RESOURCES s OIL REVENUES s OIL SECTOR s OIL WELLS s OIL-PRODUCING COUNTRIES s OILS s OPEC s OPEC COUNTRIES s OPEN ECONOMY s OUTPUTS s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s PETROLEUM SECTOR s PIPELINE s PIPES s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POLITICAL STABILITY s POWER s PRICE FLUCTUATIONS s PRICE RISK s PRICE SUBSIDIES s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE CONTRACTORS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTION COSTS s PROFIT MARGIN s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC UTILITIES s RAPID GROWTH s REAL ESTATE s REAL GDP s REAL GROWTH RATE s REAL GROWTH RATES s REFINERIES s REFINERY OPERATIONS s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY REGIME s RENT SEEKING s RENT SEEKING BEHAVIOR s SAVINGS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TAX s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TERMS OF TRADE s TRADE DIVERSION s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE NEGOTIATIONS s TRADE POLICY s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVERS s TYPES OF CONTRACTS s VALUE ADDED s VOLATILITY s WAGES s WEAK CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s WEALTH s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s WORLD OIL PRICES English en_US Diversification is important to sustainable economic growth and economic development in an oil-dependent country like Ecuador because it allows the country to be less vulnerable to external shocks. An analysis of diversification in the Ecuadorian economy is needed at this time because (a) the growth has been sluggish despite favorable terms of trade in recent years, and (b) external and fiscal balances are highly vulnerable to shocks in oil prices. This study focuses on the general concept of diversification, including diversification of public revenues, trading partners, and production. It seeks to understand the linkages between the oil and non-oil sectors and offer recommendations on how Ecuador could frame public policy to achieve diversification 40 17-11-21 00:19:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987390X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18503 Volltext, Open Access

1759729345

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:30.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729345 OCoLC 1255600898 WBOKR 19470 EBP 064560406 KEP 064560406 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19470 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tertiary Education in Mongolia Meeting the Challenges of the Global Economy World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Mongolia s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s EDUCATION EXPANSION s ENROLLMENT s HOUSEHOLD DEMAND s INEQUITY s LABOR MARKET s PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TUITION English en_US Since the transition from a planned economy to a market-based democracy in the early 1990s, Mongolian higher education has experienced a marked expansion. Between 1992 and 2007, the number of tertiary education institution (TEIs) has increased more than four-fold and enrollment more than six-fold, with the gross enrollment ratio growing from 14 to 47 percent. This rapid growth has been fueled by the increased demand for higher skills in the labor market and has led to rising education premia. These trends, in turn, have stimulated increased household demand for tertiary education. In the early 1990s, the liberalization of the economy and the legalization of private higher education made it possible to increase the supply of tertiary education. However, this expansion in supply has been met with the charging of tuition fees in public universities and the growth of private institutions. As a result, public expenditure on higher education has been contained to about 14 percent of total expenditure, compared with over 20 percent in China. Although this policy has met the need for an increased supply of tertiary education, it has failed to produce graduates who can improve Mongolia's international competitiveness. The emerging problems are low-cost and low-quality education, a mismatch between the demand for and supply of skills, and inequitable opportunities of access between the urban and rural areas and between the rich and the poor 40 17-11-21 00:19:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873918 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19470 Volltext, Open Access

1759729353

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:30.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729353 OCoLC 1255602502 WBOKR 18521 EBP 064560392 KEP 064560392 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18521 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Argentina - Economic Memorandum for the Province of Buenos Aires Key Public Policy Issues World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCOUNTING s AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES s AIRPORTS s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s AMORTIZATIONS s ARREARS s AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC s BANKING SYSTEM s BOND s BOND FINANCING s BOND ISSUANCES s BONDS s BOTTLENECKS s BUDGET EXECUTION s BULLET BOND s CADASTRE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL EXPENDITURES s CAR s CITIES s COLLATERAL s COMPLIANCE COSTS s CONGESTION s CONGESTION ON ROADS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTRACTUAL RELATIONSHIP s COUPON s CREDITOR s CURRENCY s CURRENT EXPENDITURES s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT EXCHANGE s DEBT ISSUANCES s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT RATIOS s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS s DEBT STOCK s DEBT STOCKS s DEBT SWAP s DEBTOR s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC BONDS s DOMESTIC MARKET s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE CATEGORIES s EXPENDITURE DECENTRALIZATION s EXPORTER s EXTERNALITIES s FEDERAL EDUCATION s FEDERAL FUNDS s FEDERAL TRANSFERS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FISCAL ACCOUNTS s FISCAL ADJUSTMENT s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FISCAL IMPACT s FISCAL PERFORMANCE s FISCAL SPACE s FISCAL SURPLUSES s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FIXED INTEREST s FIXED INTEREST RATE s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FREIGHT s FREIGHT VEHICLES s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS s GOVERNOR s GRACE PERIOD s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCE s INCOME TAX s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL EFFICIENCY s INTERNATIONAL BONDS s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT LOANS s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCE OF BONDS s LANES s LARGE PROVINCES s LEGAL REFORMS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LEVIES s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENTS s LOCAL ROADS s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MARKET VALUE s MATURITY s MEDIUM-TERM FINANCING s METROPOLITAN AREA s MINISTRY OF ECONOMY s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MODAL TRANSPORTATION s MUNICIPALITIES s NET CURRENT REVENUES s NET OF TRANSFERS s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION SYSTEM s PERSONAL INCOME s POLICY CHANGES s POPULATION GROWTH s PORT SERVICES s PRINCIPAL REPAYMENT s PRINCIPAL REPAYMENTS s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE CREDITORS s PRIVATE DEBTORS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PROVINCE s PROVINCES s PROVINCIAL AVERAGE s PROVINCIAL BANK s PROVINCIAL BANKS s PROVINCIAL BUDGET s PROVINCIAL BUDGETS s PROVINCIAL DEBT s PROVINCIAL DEVELOPMENT s PROVINCIAL ECONOMY s PROVINCIAL EDUCATION s PROVINCIAL FINANCES s PROVINCIAL FISCAL s PROVINCIAL FISCAL MANAGEMENT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PROVINCIAL INVESTMENT s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PROVINCIAL PENSION s PROVINCIAL PENSION SYSTEMS s PROVINCIAL PRIMARY DEFICIT s PROVINCIAL REVENUE s PROVINCIAL REVENUES s PROVINCIAL SOURCES s PROVINCIAL TAX s PROVINCIAL TAXES s PROVINCIAL TAXING POWERS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EDUCATION SPENDING s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SPENDING s PURCHASING POWER s RAIL s RAILROAD s RAILROADS s RAILWAY s RAILWAYS s REPAYMENTS s REVENUE ASSIGNMENTS s REVENUE COLLECTIONS s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s REVENUE SOURCE s RING ROAD s ROAD s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SECTOR s ROAD SYSTEM s ROAD SYSTEMS s ROAD TRAFFIC s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROADS s ROUTE s ROUTES s SOLVENCY s SUB-NATIONAL s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BASE s TAX BENEFITS s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTIONS s TAX EVASION s TAX PAYMENT s TAX POLICY s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX RELIEF s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX SHARING s TAX SYSTEM s TAXPAYERS s TELEPHONE LINE s TOTAL DEBT s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL PROVINCIAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s TRAFFIC LEVELS s TRAFFIC VOLUME s TRAFFIC VOLUMES s TRANCHES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT NETWORK s TRANSPORTATION s TRUCKS s TURNOVER s VARIABLE INTEREST RATE s VEHICLE s VEHICLE FLEET s WITHDRAWAL English en_US The Province of Buenos Aires has historically been the most important of all 23 Argentine provinces. Following Argentina's independence in 1816 and the development of the export-oriented agricultural sector, the province's control of the nation's biggest ports and waterways turned it into a major political and economic power. Rapid population growth, primarily driven by immigration, stimulated consumption, which led to the rise of manufacturing industries in and around the main urban centers in the province. The construction of the railway, which by 1914 had reached 35,000 km in length, gave Buenos Aires an additional advantage: it linked the agricultural interior of the country to the ports located in Buenos Aires, La Plata, and Bahia Blanca (as well as to Rosario in Santa Fe Province). Given the central role the Province of Buenos Aires plays in Argentina's economy, ensuring its sustained growth and competitiveness is a key national priority. The Province accounts for 35 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), more than half of the country's manufacturing industry and 37 percent of its exports. Its private sector is the largest in the country, with every third Argentine company located in the province. The Province's schools and universities turn out a large share of Argentina's labor force, and its roads and ports transport the bulk of the country's domestic goods and exports to their respective markets. Argentina's economic success is therefore closely linked to that of the Province of Buenos Aires. This chapter provides a general background of the province's economic profile, growth record and social conditions 40 17-11-21 00:19:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873926 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18521 Volltext, Open Access

1759729361

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:30.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729361 OCoLC 1255600948 WBOKR 19462 EBP 064560384 KEP 064560384 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19462 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Belarus Transport Sector Policy Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Belarus Europe and Central Asia s ACCESSIBILITY s AFFORDABLE FARES s AIR s AIR POLLUTANTS s AIR POLLUTION s AIR POLLUTION EMISSIONS s ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION s ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES s ALTERNATIVE ROUTES s AVERAGE MOTORWAY DENSITY s AXLE LOAD s AXLE LOADS s BICYCLISTS s BORDER CROSSINGS s BOTTLENECK s BUSES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAR s CARGO s CARRIERS s CARS s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONCRETE s CROSSING s DEMAND FOR TRANSPORT s DOMESTIC TRANSPORT s DRIVER BEHAVIOR s DRIVER EDUCATION s DRIVERS s EMISSION s EMISSION LEVEL s EMISSION STANDARDS s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORT s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENGINE s ENGINES s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXCISE TAX s EXHAUST EMISSIONS s FATALITY s FATALITY RATE s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FIXED COSTS s FLEETS s FLOOR SPACE s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUEL ENERGY s FRAMEWORK s FREIGHT s FREIGHT MARKET s FREIGHT RAILWAYS s FREIGHT SERVICES s FREIGHT TRAFFIC s FREIGHT TRANSPORT VOLUMES s FUEL s FUEL TAXES s FUELS s GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE s GREENHOUSE GAS s HEAVY GOODS VEHICLES s HEAVY VEHICLES s HIGH TRANSPORT s HIGHWAYS s INCOME s INJURIES s INSPECTION s INTERNATIONAL FREIGHT TRANSPORT s INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT s LAND TRANSPORT s LOAD CARRYING s LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY s LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL ROAD EXPENDITURES s LOCAL ROADS s MAIN ROAD s MAIN ROADS s MAIN TRANSPORT s MAIN TRANSPORT MODES s MAJOR HIGHWAYS s MARKING s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MODAL SHARE s MODAL SPLIT s MODES OF TRANSPORT s MOTOR VEHICLE s MOTOR VEHICLE USE s MOTOR VEHICLES s MOTORWAY NETWORK s MOTORWAYS s NATIONAL ROADS s NATIONAL TRANSPORT s PASSENGER COACHES s PASSENGER RAIL s PASSENGER SERVICES s PASSENGER TRAFFIC s PASSENGER TRANSPORT s PASSENGER TRANSPORT SERVICES s PASSENGERS s PEDESTRIAN s PEDESTRIAN FATALITIES s PERIODIC MAINTENANCE s PETROLEUM PRODUCTS s POPULATION DENSITY s PRIVATE CAR OWNERSHIP s PRIVATE PARTICIPATION s PRIVATE VEHICLES s PUBLIC ROAD s PUBLIC ROAD NETWORK s PUBLIC ROADS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT PASSENGER s QUALITY OF TRANSPORT s QUALITY OF TRANSPORTATION s RADIO s RAIL s RAIL FREIGHT s RAIL NETWORKS s RAIL TRANSIT s RAIL TRANSPORT s RAILROAD s RAILWAY s RAILWAY LINES s RAILWAY NETWORK s RAILWAY NETWORKS s RAILWAY SECTOR s RAILWAY SYSTEM s RAILWAY TRAFFIC s RAILWAY TRANSPORT s RAILWAYS s RECONSTRUCTION s REGIONAL ROADS s RIDING QUALITY s RING ROAD s ROAD s ROAD ACCIDENTS s ROAD CAPACITY s ROAD CLASSIFICATION s ROAD DETERIORATION s ROAD DEVELOPMENT s ROAD EXPENDITURES s ROAD FUND s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD INVESTMENT s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD MANAGEMENT s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD NETWORKS s ROAD REPAIR s ROAD SAFETY s ROAD SECTOR s ROAD STANDARDS s ROAD TOLLS s ROAD TRAFFIC s ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD TRANSPORT SERVICES s ROAD USER s ROAD USER CHARGES s ROAD USER COSTS s ROAD USER TAXES s ROAD USERS s ROAD WORKS s ROADS s ROLLING STOCK s ROUGHNESS s ROUTE s ROUTES s ROUTINE MAINTENANCE s SPEED s STRUCTURES s TAX s TAXES ON ROAD USERS s TELEVISION s TIRES s TOLL s TOLL REVENUES s TRAFFIC ACCIDENT s TRAFFIC CONTROL s TRAFFIC COUNTS s TRAFFIC DATA s TRAFFIC DEATHS s TRAFFIC DEMAND s TRAFFIC DENSITY s TRAFFIC FATALITIES s TRAFFIC INTENSITY s TRAFFIC LEVELS s TRAFFIC SAFETY s TRAFFIC VOLUME s TRAFFIC VOLUMES s TRAILERS s TRANSIT s TRANSIT CORRIDORS s TRANSIT ROUTES s TRANSIT SERVICES s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT CAPACITY s TRANSPORT CORRIDORS s TRANSPORT DEMAND s TRANSPORT FACILITATION s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT s TRANSPORT MARKET s TRANSPORT MARKETS s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT NETWORK s TRANSPORT NETWORKS s TRANSPORT OPERATIONS s TRANSPORT ORGANIZATIONS s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICE s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORT STATISTICS s TRANSPORT STRATEGY s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORT VOLUME s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION COST s TRANSPORTATION DEMAND s TRANSPORTATION EMISSIONS s TRANSPORTATION MARKET s TRANSPORTATION SERVICES s TRANSPORTS s TRAVEL DEMAND s TRUCKING s TRUCKS s TYPE OF TRANSPORT s UNDERPINNING s VEHICLE s VEHICLE FLEET s VEHICLE OWNERSHIP English en_US The transport sector is an important economic sector in Belarus, contributing 6.7 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2008 and 6.6 percent in 2009. Belarus has been a net exporter of practically all modes of transport services. The country serves as a transit transport corridor between the European Union (EU) and Russia and potentially between the EU and Asia; thus, the strategic geographical location of Belarus places the country on two of the Pan-European corridors that the EU has committed to promote. In addition to a high geographical concentration of international trade, the trade patterns for specific commodity groups are also concentrated in Belarus. A relatively small number of industrial producers and main export companies dominate the market and generate a corresponding transport demand. The trade logistics environment in Belarus has been improving in many areas. The evolution of freight and passenger transport markets shows that freight traffic movements have grown in line with GDP. Belarus does have the equivalent of a National Transport Strategy and Action Plan. The program for ensuring efficient use of transit potential of the Republic of Belarus for 2006 - 2010, the draft program of the development of transit potential of the Republic of Belarus for 2011 - 2015, and the roads of Belarus program constitute the three key pillars of such a national transport strategy. In addition, the strategy for the development of transit potential of the Republic of Belarus for 2011 - 2015 and the concept of Belarus' transport system development until 2025 have recently been approved by the Government 40 17-11-21 00:19:07.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873934 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19462 Volltext, Open Access

175972937X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:30.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972937X OCoLC 1255602506 WBOKR 19471 EBP 064560376 KEP 064560376 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19471 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Strengthening Subnational Debt Financing and Managing Risks Lili Liu VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING s AMORTIZATION s AMOUNT OF DEBT s ARREARS s BAILOUT s BAILOUTS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK LENDING s BANK LOANS s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY COURT s BANKRUPTCY LAW s BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURES s BENEFICIARIES s BOND s BOND ISSUANCE s BOND ISSUING s BOND SALES s BONDS s BORROWER s BORROWING COST s BORROWING PLANS s BUDGET CONSTRAINT s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGETARY FRAMEWORKS s CAPITAL ACCOUNTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH FLOW s CASH MANAGEMENT s CASH RESERVE s CATEGORY OF DEBT s COLLATERAL s COMPETITIVE AUCTIONS s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTRACT LAW s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE INSOLVENCY s CREDIT ASSESSMENT s CREDIT MARKET s CREDIT MARKETS s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATINGS s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT STANDING s CREDITOR s CREDITOR CLAIMS s CREDITOR RIGHTS s CREDITORS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY CRISIS s CURRENCY RISKS s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT CAPACITY s DEBT COMPOSITION s DEBT CRISES s DEBT CRISIS s DEBT DEFAULT s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT INSTRUMENTS s DEBT ISSUANCE s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MARKET s DEBT OBLIGATIONS s DEBT OUTSTANDING s DEBT PAYMENTS s DEBT REPAYMENT s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEBT RESTRUCTURING AGREEMENTS s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICES s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT STOCK s DEBT-SERVICE s DEBTOR s DEBTORS s DEBTS s DECENTRALIZATION s DEFAULT RISKS s DEFAULTS s DEPOSIT s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC MARKETS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DISTRESS s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL AUTONOMY s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FRAUD s GENERAL OBLIGATION BOND s GENERAL OBLIGATION BONDS s GOVERNMENT CAPACITY s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT MONETARY POLICIES s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s INDEBTEDNESS s INDIVIDUAL CREDITORS s INDIVIDUAL INVESTORS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFRASTRUCTURE BONDS s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE s INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE SPREAD s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL RATING AGENCIES s INVESTMENT CORPORATIONS s INVESTMENT INSTRUMENTS s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTOR BASE s ISSUANCE s LEGAL CONSTRAINTS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDER s LENDERS s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIABILITY s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY POSITION s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MACROECONOMIC CRISIS s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET DISCIPLINES s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET RISKS s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MORAL HAZARD s MUNICIPAL BOND s MUNICIPAL BONDS s MUNICIPAL FINANCE s NATIONAL DEBT s NATIONAL TREASURY s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OUTSTANDING DEBT s PENSIONS s PORTFOLIO s PRINCIPAL REPAYMENT s PRIVATE CREDITORS s PRIVATE DEBT s PRIVATE DEBTORS s PRIVATE FINANCING s PROVINCIAL DEBT s PUBLIC ASSETS s PUBLIC BANKS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s REAL INTEREST RATES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL s RESERVES s REVENUE BONDS s RIGHTS OF CREDITORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISKY BORROWERS s SALE OF PROPERTY s SHORT MATURITIES s SHORT MATURITY s SHORT-TERM BORROWING s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SOLVENCY s SOVEREIGN BOND s SOVEREIGN DEBT s SOVEREIGN GUARANTEES s STATUTORY REQUIREMENT s STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS s SUBNATIONAL BOND MARKETS s TAX s TOTAL DEBT s TRANSFER INTERCEPTS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY BONDS s TRUSTEE s VALUATION s VARIABLE INTEREST RATES s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US The Chinese budget law prevents subnational governments from borrowing. However, Subnational Governments (SNG) borrows indirectly off-budget, through Urban Development and Investment Corporations (UDIC). There are various estimates on the off-budget liabilities, with one estimate having the liabilities at more than 30 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This paper provides a discussion of more reform options for China, anchored with cross-country experiences and lessons. The way forward is to develop regulatory frameworks that can expand SNG and UDIC market access and debt financing, while strengthening subnational fiscal discipline, managing default risks, promoting capital market development, and supporting macroeconomic management and a stable financial system. The paper is organized as: section two presents fiscal rules and framework - ex ante regulations for subnational debt issuing and procedures. Section three discusses what to do when a subnational government becomes insolvent - ex post system. Section four is devoted to developing regulatory frameworks for UDIC, which may require a debt restructuring system different from a system for direct debt of SNG. Ex post debt restructuring for UDIC may also differ from the existing bankruptcy code in China for corporations due to the fundamental difference between a public entity and a private corporation. Section five focuses on strengthening debt management capacity of SNG particularly with respect to liquidity and refinancing risks. Section six focuses on managing fiscal risks of land financing, given its prevalent use in China. Section seven discusses the development of a competitive and diversified subnational debt market. Section eight concludes with suggested reform options 40 17-11-21 00:19:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873942 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19471 Volltext, Open Access

1759729388

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:30.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729388 OCoLC 1255602548 WBOKR 18528 EBP 064560368 KEP 064560368 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18528 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Rwanda Technical Assistance for Public Expenditure Management World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Public expenditure review (PER) Africa Rwanda English en_US This note presents an overview of the results of various background work undertaken as part of the Technical Assistance for Public Expenditure Management (TAPEM) provided to the Government by the World Bank. This note focuses on the first pillar of the Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy (EDPRS): growth for jobs and exports. As a result, technical efficiency issues covered in this note focus on the education (skills development), agriculture and infrastructure sectors. The note addresses issues of both effectiveness and efficiency. Technical issues are discussed in the context of sector specific constraints and effectiveness is tied to broader issues related to reducing inequality and improving the distributional impact of public spending. The rest of the note proceeds as follows: section three outlines the macro-fiscal context and the key factors impacting on sustained growth and poverty reduction. Section four presents an overview of completed Public Financial Management (PFM) reforms and identifies areas in need of reform looking forward. Section five discusses issues pertaining to efficiency in three key sectors linked to the first pillar of the EDPRS (growth for jobs and exports): education, agriculture and infrastructure. Section six discusses the issue of evidence based planning and budgeting and the role of institutionalized Public Expenditure Review (PERs) 40 17-11-21 00:19:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873950 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18528 Volltext, Open Access

1759729396

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:30.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729396 OCoLC 1255602568 WBOKR 19469 EBP 06456035X KEP 06456035X 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19469 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Climate Finance in the Urban Context Ari Huhtala VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Development, climate, and finance issues brief no. 4 s ABATEMENT s AIR s AIR CONDITIONING s ALLOCATION s ASSET MANAGEMENT s BANK LOAN s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BIOGAS s BIOMASS s BLACK CARBON s BLACK CARBON EMISSIONS s BOND s BOND ISSUANCE s BOND ISSUERS s BONDS s BUS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAR s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON EMISSION s CARBON FINANCE s CARBON MARKET s CARBON TECHNOLOGIES s CATASTROPHE BOND s CERTIFIED EMISSION REDUCTIONS s CITY BUSES s CLEAN ENERGY s CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES s CLEAN TECHNOLOGY s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE INSURANCE s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s CLIMATE-CHANGE s CO s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s CREDIT ENHANCEMENTS s CREDIT GUARANTEES s CREDIT STRENGTH s DAMAGES s DEBT s DEBT SERVICE s DEFORESTATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT BANKS s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DISASTER INSURANCE s DRAINAGE s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIES IN TRANSITION s ELECTRICITY s EMISSION s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSION REDUCTIONS s EMISSIONS BASELINE s EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION s EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES s ENERGY SOURCES s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s ENVIRONMENTAL EXTERNALITIES s EQUITY INVESTMENTS s EXTREME EVENTS s FEASIBILITY s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FLOODS s FOREST s FOREST CARBON s FOREST DEGRADATION s FOREST INVESTMENT s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FUELS s GHG s GHGS s GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GLOBAL WARMING s GRANT FUNDING s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GASES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GUARANTEE PRODUCTS s HURRICANES s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s INCOME s INCOME LEVELS s INCREMENTAL COSTS s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COSTS s INSURANCE COVERAGE s INSURANCE PREMIUM s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INSURANCE SCHEMES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INVESTING s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND USE s LANDFILLS s LARGE CITIES s LENDERS s LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS s LIQUIDITY s LLC s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOW-CARBON s MARKET MECHANISMS s MASS TRANSIT s MDB s METHANE s MOBILITY s MUNICIPALITIES s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL RESOURCES s PARTIAL CREDIT s PARTIAL RISK s PEDESTRIAN s PEDESTRIAN COMFORT s PLEDGES s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE LENDERS s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s RAINFALL s RAPID TRANSIT s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RESERVE s RESERVE FUND s RETURN s RISK ASSESSMENTS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK SHARING s ROAD s ROAD MAINTENANCE s SETTLEMENT s SHAREHOLDER s SMALL BUSINESSES s STORMS s SWAPS s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRADING s TRADING SYSTEM s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSIT SYSTEM s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION POLICY s TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM s TREASURY s TRUST FUND s TRUST FUNDS s URBAN FORESTRY s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN SERVICES s URBAN SPRAWL s URBAN SYSTEMS s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM s URBANIZATION s WATER SUPPLY s WEATHER CONDITIONS s WIND s WIND STORMS English en_US Cities and the people who live in them account for more than 80 percent of the world's total greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, more than 80 percent of the overall annual global costs of adaptation to climate change are estimated to be borne by urban areas. This issues brief looks at potential financing opportunities and costs of mitigation and adaptation in the urban context. Wide-ranging potential sources for finance for climate action are described, and suggestions are made for more effective responses to climate investment challenges in cities 40 17-11-21 00:19:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873969 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19469 Volltext, Open Access

175972940X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972940X OCoLC 1255600975 WBOKR 18530 EBP 064560341 KEP 064560341 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18530 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Philippines Study on Agribusiness, Infrastructure, and Logistics for Growth in Mindanao World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Philippines s ACCESS TO MARKETS s AGRARIAN REFORM s AGRIBUSINESS s BANANAS s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CHEMICAL INPUTS s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPETITIVENESS AGENDA s CORN s COST INCREASES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICIES s FAO s FARM s FARM PRODUCTIVITY s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMING SYSTEMS s FERTILIZER s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s GRAINS s INFLATION s INTEREST RATES s MARKET ACCESS s POULTRY s PRICING MECHANISMS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s RESULT s USERS s VALUE CHAIN s VALUE CHAINS s YIELDS pha English en_US The World Bank has carried out a study on agribusiness, logistics, and infrastructure for growth in Mindanao. Funded by the Australian Agency for International Development, the study aimed to understand better why the Philippines, with its well-educated human capital and diverse natural resource base, significantly lags behind the rest of East Asia in per capita growth. Some rural areas with high agricultural potential, such as Mindanao and, to some extent, the Visayas, also lag behind the rest of the Philippine economy. The study sought to understand how the Philippines could improve its competitiveness in agribusiness and agriculture commodity markets, areas where Mindanao enjoys strong comparative advantages. The study analyzed the constraints affecting the performance of agricultural value chains in Mindanao, particularly in terms of infrastructure and logistics. The agricultural commodities selected were corn and bananas because of their economic weight at regional and national levels. Mindanao, especially the Bukidnon plateau, is a major producer of white and yellow corn. The study focused on yellow corn, which is grown mainly for animal feed and used in milled and non-milled varieties. Mindanao is also the country's main banana producing region, both for export and for the domestic market. Region eleventh (the Davao region) is the leading banana producer and supplier of export-quality bananas in the country. In recent years, the Philippines have become the world's second top exporter of Cavendish bananas 40 17-11-21 00:19:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873977 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18530 Volltext, Open Access

1759729418

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:30.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729418 OCoLC 1255602508 WBOKR 18516 EBP 064560333 KEP 064560333 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18516 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Yemen Education Status Report Challenges and Opportunities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Yemen, Republic of English en_US This report is motivated by two main considerations. First, after three decades of Yemen's impressive continuous expansion of education, the time is ripe to assess the outcomes of its education system and document its strengths and challenges. Second, in the long run, Yemen is poised to be more integrated in the regional and global economy. At this juncture, it is only wise to reflect on whether the recipes that have enabled past successes will be sufficient and relevant to sustain these successes and to build on them to take up looming new challenges. The Government of Yemen requested the World Bank to assist its efforts to forge a holistic approach to developing the education sector. These efforts would include strengthening linkages among the different levels of education, comprehensively addressing systemic issues, and enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of the system as a whole. This report addresses the first phase of the work. It provides a diagnostic summary of the education system and offers a menu of options to address the issues identified and to advance the system 40 17-11-21 00:19:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873985 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18516 Volltext, Open Access

1759729426

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:30.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729426 OCoLC 1255600913 WBOKR 18424 EBP 064560325 KEP 064560325 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18424 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Developing the Public Transport Sector in China Ken Gwilliam VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s AIR s AIR QUALITY s AIR TRANSPORT s AIRCRAFT s ASSETS s AUTOMOBILE s BANKS s BONDS s BUS s BUS COMPANIES s BUS COMPANY s BUS FRANCHISES s BUS FRANCHISING s BUS INDUSTRY s BUS MARKET s BUS NETWORK s BUS OPERATING COMPANIES s BUS OPERATING COSTS s BUS OPERATIONS s BUS OPERATORS s BUS OWNERS s BUS PASSENGER s BUS PASSENGERS s BUS PRIORITIES s BUS ROUTES s BUS SECTOR s BUS SERVICE s BUS SERVICES s BUS STATION s BUS-OWNERS s BUSES s CAR s CAR OWNERSHIP s CARRIERS s CENTRAL CITIES s COMPREHENSIVE URBAN TRANSPORT s CONGESTION s COSTS PER VEHICLE s COSTS PER VEHICLE KILOMETER s CROSS-SUBSIDY s DEREGULATION s DOMESTIC AIR TRANSPORT s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EMPLOYMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s FARE COLLECTION s FARE CONTROL s FARE INCREASES s FARE LEVELS s FARE REVENUE s FARE SYSTEM s FARES s FEEDER SERVICES s FINANCIAL PENALTIES s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FLAT FARE s FLAT FARE SCHEME s FLAT FARES s FREE TRAVEL s FREIGHT RAIL s FUEL s FUEL QUALITY s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s INFLATION s INSPECTION s INTEGRATION OF TRANSPORT MODES s INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT s JOURNEY s LABOR COSTS s LABOR MARKET s LAND TRANSPORT s LARGE CITIES s LEGISLATION s LOAD FACTORS s LOCAL TRANSPORT s LOCAL URBAN SERVICES s LONG-DISTANCE s LONG-DISTANCE PASSENGER s MASS TRANSIT s MASS TRANSIT SYSTEMS s MIGRATION s MINI-BUS s MINI-BUSES s MINIBUS SERVICES s MINIBUSES s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MODAL TICKETING s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS s MUNICIPAL OFFICIALS s MUNICIPALITIES s OPERATING EXPENSES s OPERATING RIGHTS s PASSENGER REVENUES s PASSENGER TRANSPORT s PASSENGER TRANSPORT AUTHORITY s PASSENGERS s PATRONAGE s PEAK HOURS s PENSIONERS s POLITICAL AUTHORITY s POLLUTION s PRIVATE AUTOMOBILE s PRIVATE AUTOMOBILES s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PRIVATE PARTICIPATION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR OPERATORS s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION s PUBLIC TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC TRANSPORT MARKET s PUBLIC TRANSPORT POLICY s PUBLIC TRANSPORT REFORM s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SECTOR s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SECTORS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICE s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SUPPLY s PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC UTILITY ENTERPRISES s RAIL s RAIL FREIGHT s RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE s RAIL SERVICES s RAIL SYSTEMS s RAIL TRANSPORT s RAILWAYS s RAPID TRANSIT s RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE TRANSFERS s RIDER s RIDERSHIP s ROAD s ROAD SPACE s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROADS s ROUTE s SAFETY s SAFETY HAZARDS s SAVINGS s SOCIAL SERVICES s SPEEDS s STATE ENTERPRISES s STATE PROPERTY s STREET FURNITURE s SUBURBAN RAIL s SUBURBAN RAILWAYS s SUBURBS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRANSPORT AUTHORITIES s TRANSPORT INDUSTRY s TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT s TRANSPORT MARKET s TRANSPORT PLAN s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT POLICY GOALS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICE s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORT STRATEGY s TRANSPORTATION s TRAVEL TIMES s TRIPS s TROLLEYBUSES s URBAN BUS s URBAN BUS OPERATIONS s URBAN BUS SECTOR s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN PASSENGER s URBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORT s URBAN PLANNERS s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT s URBAN ROAD s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBAN TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT s URBAN TRANSPORT PLAN s URBAN TRANSPORT REFORM s URBAN TRANSPORT SECTOR s URBAN TRANSPORT SERVICES s URBAN TRANSPORT STRATEGY s URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM s URBANIZATION s VEHICLE s VEHICLES s WATER SUPPLY English en_US The focus of this discussion paper is on institutional arrangements for the provision of public transport bus services, including the introduction of private capital in bus operations, the value of competitive tendering mechanisms as a determining factor in selecting suppliers, and the role of regulation. The purpose of this paper is to assist Chinese municipalities by describing the experience of other countries that have attempted to implement similar reforms, which may be considered relevant to China. The goal of this paper is to assist interested municipalities, the Ministry of Construction, and other relevant Chinese authorities to: 1) identify models of regulation and competition for the urban bus industry, based on the experience of Chinese and international practices, which are best, suited for the current and projected future of the urban bus industry in China; and 2) provide guidance for municipalities that are considering restructuring their bus industries 40 17-11-21 00:19:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939873993 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18424 Volltext, Open Access

1759729434

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729434 OCoLC 1255602583 WBOKR 18487 EBP 064560317 KEP 064560317 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18487 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Secondary School Madrasas in Bangladesh Incidence, Quality, and Implications for Reform World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Bangladesh development series paper no. 27 Bangladesh South Asia s ACCESS TO PHARMACEUTICALS s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ACTIVE INGREDIENTS s ANALGESICS s ANTIBIOTICS s ANTIHISTAMINES s BALANCE OF TRADE s BANK FINANCING s BANKRUPTCY s BIOEQUIVALENCE s BIOTECHNOLOGY s BRAND s BRAND NAME s BRAND NAMES s BRANDS s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY s BUSINESS SECTOR s BUYERS s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL STOCK s CAPSULES s CERTIFICATE s CERTIFICATION s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY s COMPANY s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER MARKET s COPYRIGHT s CORPORATION s CORRUPTION s COUNTERFEIT DRUGS s CURRENCY s DEPRECIATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL s DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS s DOMESTIC MANUFACTURERS s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DOSAGES s DRUG APPROVALS s DRUG CONTROL s DRUG PRICES s DRUG STABILITY s DRUG TESTING s DRUGS s ELECTRICITY s END USER s EQUIPMENT s ESSENTIAL DRUGS s EXPANSION s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORTER s EXPORTERS s FINANCES s FINISHED PRODUCT s FIXED COSTS s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN COMPANY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN MARKETS s FUNCTIONALITY s GENERIC DRUGS s GENERIC PRODUCTS s GLOBAL MARKET s GLOBAL MARKETPLACE s GLOBAL STANDARDS s GLOBAL TRADE s GLOBALIZATION s GMP s GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES s GOVERNMENT FINANCES s GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH CARE s HERBAL MEDICINES s HOSPITALS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE s IMMUNIZATION s IMPORT COSTS s INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT s INNOVATION s INSPECTION s INSPECTIONS s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL LAW s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERVENTION s INVENTORY s INVENTORY MANAGEMENT s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CAPITAL s INVESTMENT FINANCING s JOINT VENTURE s JOINT VENTURES s LABORATORIES s LACK OF COMPETITION s LAWS s LICENSE s LICENSES s LICENSING s LOCAL INDUSTRY s LOCAL MARKET s MANUFACTURER s MARGINAL COSTS s MARKET SHARE s MARKETING s MARKETPLACE s MATERIAL s MEDICINE s MERGERS s MIDDLEMEN s MNC s MULTINATIONAL s MULTINATIONAL CORPORATION s MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS s NDP s NO OBJECTION CERTIFICATE s OPEN MARKET s OUTSOURCING s PACKAGING s PARTY s PATENT ACT s PATENT EXTENSIONS s PATENTS s PHARMACEUTICAL s PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY s PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURERS s PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING s PHARMACEUTICAL PATENTS s PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTION s PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS s PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY s PHARMACEUTICAL SECTOR s PHARMACEUTICALS s PHARMACIES s PHARMACISTS s PHARMACY s PHYSICAL LOCATION s PORTFOLIO s PRICE CONTROLS s PRIVATE PHARMACIES s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR FIRMS s PROCUREMENT s PRODUCT INFORMATION s PRODUCT QUALITY s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFIT MARGIN s PROFIT MARGINS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC MARKET s PURCHASING s QUALITY ASSURANCE s R&D s RAIDS s REGISTRATION FEE s REGISTRATION FEES s REGISTRATION PROCESS s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENTS s REGULATORY STRUCTURE s RESULT s RESULTS s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s RETURNS s SALE s SALE OF STOCK s SHOPS s SITES s STOCK EXCHANGES s SUBSTITUTE s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SURPLUS s TABLETS s TAX s TECHNICAL EXPERTISE s TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE s TECHNICAL STANDARDS s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS s TOTAL SALES s TRADE BALANCE s TRADEMARK s TRADEMARKS s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER s VALUE CHAIN s VIRUS s WAREHOUSE s WAREHOUSES s WHOLESALERS s WORLD TRADE pha English en_US This report presents findings from the first ever comprehensive survey to document the incidence and quality of secondary madrasas in Bangladesh. Analysis also draws upon other publicly available administrative and household level datasets. Currently the authors have very little information on school quality in general due to no national learning assessment system and because schools from different streams are tested under different Boards. Thus it is always important to examine the quality of aided madrasas relative to aided secular schools. The report highlights new challenges: while gender equality in access has been achieved in both schools and madrasas, girls remain systematically disadvantaged in terms of learning outcomes. The female learning penalty remain is particularly pronounced in case of madrasas. Overall, the quality of mathematics and English learning is low in madrasas, but performance of students of mainstream schools is also unsatisfactory average quality remains poor across the range of rural institutions. Overall, this report represents an empirically grounded investigation into the hitherto undocumented changes Bangladesh has witnessed in the secondary madrasa school sector in the past two decades. Based on their analysis, the authors suggest a range of policy initiatives that cover the entire secondary education sector, not just the madarasa education. Given the wealth of data collected on secondary institutions and households during the survey, this report only represents the first of a series of rigorous empirical research and analysis which will be undertaken. It is hoped that the report will provide an impetus towards an evidence-based policy debate on madrasas and other critical issues in the education sector 40 17-11-21 00:19:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874000 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18487 Volltext, Open Access

1759729442

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:30.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729442 OCoLC 1255602534 WBOKR 18524 EBP 064560309 KEP 064560309 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18524 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Uruguay Policy Notes Challenges and Opportunities 2010-2015 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Uruguay s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AMORTIZATION s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK OFFICE s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BENEFICIARIES s BORROWING s BOTTLENECKS s BROKERS s BUDGET REVIEW s BUDGETING s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL FUNDS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET ACTIVITY s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL MARKETS DEVELOPMENT s CARBON EMISSIONS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT FINANCING s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK LOANS s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s COST ESTIMATES s CURRENCY s CURRENCY MISMATCHES s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CUSTODY s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT ISSUANCES s DEBT ISSUE s DEBT ISSUES s DEFICITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISADVANTAGED POPULATIONS s DOMESTIC BONDS s DOMESTIC DEBT s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EDUCATION SPENDING s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMISSIONS s EMPLOYEE s ENROLLMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCLUSION s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FAMILIES s FAMILY FARMS s FAMILY INCOME s FINANCIAL EFFICIENCY s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FISCAL POLICY s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FREIGHT s FREIGHT OPERATIONS s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s FUEL s GENDER s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GASSES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEAVY TRUCKS s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY INVESTMENT s HIGHWAYS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME TAX s INEQUALITIES s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMATION DISCLOSURE s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSPECTION s INSURANCE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL DEBT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CRISIS s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT INSTRUMENT s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s LABOR MARKET s LAND TRANSPORT s LAND USE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LOCAL FINANCE s LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET MECHANISMS s METHANE s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MODE OF TRANSPORT s MODES OF TRANSPORT s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL HIGHWAYS s NATIONAL SAVINGS s NATIONAL TRANSPORT s NATIONAL TREASURY s NET DEBT s OPERATING COSTS s PASSENGER SERVICES s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION REFORMS s PENSION SYSTEMS s POLICY ENVIRONMENTS s PORT INFRASTRUCTURE s PORT SERVICES s PORTFOLIO s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE CORPORATE DEBT s PRIVATE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC OFFERINGS s PUBLIC SAVINGS s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s RAIL s RAIL NETWORK s RAIL SECTOR s RAIL SERVICE s RAIL SYSTEM s RAILROAD s RAILROADS s RAILWAY s RAILWAY SYSTEM s RAILWAYS s RATES OF RETURN s REGIONAL TRANSPORT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETURN s RISK MANAGEMENT s ROAD s ROAD INVESTMENT s ROAD LINKS s ROAD SECTOR s ROADS s ROLLING STOCK s SANITATION s SCHOLARSHIPS s SECURITIES s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIOECONOMIC BACKGROUNDS s SOVEREIGN DEBT s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKETS s TAX CODE s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX TREATMENT s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELEPHONE LINES s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADING s TRAFFIC s TRANSIT s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION s TRUE s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE s UNION s UNIVERSAL ACCESS s VALUABLE ASSETS s VEHICLE English en_US The policy notes have two objectives: (i) to present the incoming government team with a menu of policy options in areas where the World Bank has local and international experience; and (ii) to provide a framework for the dialogue between the new governments and the World Bank on the new Country Partnership Strategy (CPS). As such, the discussion of these notes with the authorities was also an opportunity to undertake preliminary consultations on the Bank's support to Uruguay for 2010-2015. The themes of the notes were selected by the outgoing authorities based on ongoing and completed World Bank work, and they prioritize areas where Bank cooperation would add the most value. Uruguay's economy is small, but it has many strengths and high potential for growth and social development. The country has a long democratic tradition, a political system characterized by clear rules of the game and governability, and solid institutions at all levels. Uruguay is one of the most equitable countries in Latin America and enjoys a social peace notable in the region. Good macroeconomic management following the 2002 crisis has reduced country vulnerabilities and strengthened confidence in its institutions. These characteristics are very valuable assets for promoting foreign and domestic investment, essential to sustain the high growth achieved in recent years. Another asset is the high coverage of the education system, although education quality has recently become a challenge 40 17-11-21 00:19:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874019 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18524 Volltext, Open Access

1759729450

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:31.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729450 OCoLC 1255602486 WBOKR 18486 EBP 064560295 KEP 064560295 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18486 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Poland - Public Land and Property Asset Management in Warsaw Strategic Opportunities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Poland s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL LAND s APARTMENTS s ARCHITECTURE s ASSETS s AUCTIONS s CAPITAL COSTS s CITIES s COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE s DECENTRALIZATION s DEVELOPERS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FORECLOSURES s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HOUSING UNITS s INCOME s INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS s INSURANCE s INVENTORY s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND ECONOMICS s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND NATIONALIZATION s LAND PRICES s LAND SALES s LAND USE s LAND USE PLANNING s LAND VALUE s LAWS s LEASES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MAYORS s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL BUILDINGS s MUNICIPAL HOUSING s MUNICIPAL OWNERSHIP s OCCUPANCY s OCCUPANCY RATES s OFFICE SPACE s OPERATING EXPENSES s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR REAL ESTATE s PRIVATIZATION s PROPERTY MANAGEMENT s PROPERTY REGISTRATION s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROPERTY VALUES s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC LAND s PUBLIC MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC MONEY s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC PROPERTY s PUBLIC REVENUES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s QUALITY OF URBAN LIFE s REAL ESTATE APPRAISERS s REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT s REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENTS s REAL ESTATE LOANS s REAL ESTATE MANAGEMENT s REAL ESTATE PRICES s REAL ESTATE SALES s REAL PROPERTY s REDEVELOPMENT s RENTAL HOUSING s RENTS s RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s ROADS s SAVINGS s SPATIAL PLANNING s STATE PROPERTY s STREETS s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TENANTS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s URBAN AREAS s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN LAND s URBAN PLANNING s VACANT LAND English en_US The report is addressed to two audiences: the World Bank team and the decision makers and technical experts at the city administration who define the future of land and asset management in Warsaw. The report starts (section two) from reviewing municipal property holdings and associated institutional arrangements. This section focuses primarily on land and financial aspects of asset management, due to the overall orientation of the report and its limited scope. Portfolios of built-up properties are considered only partly, mainly for indicating the grand magnitude of the total holdings. For the same reason, the institutional arrangements are analyzed only at the level that identify main issues, but not details. Section three reviews main achievements, challenges, and risks related to municipal land and asset management in Warsaw. Section four considers the experiences of Warsaw with public-private partnerships (PPPs) in the past and on city's plans. This section also includes a discussion of a PPP potential related to such transportation facilities as Park and Ride (P&R), illustrated by mini case studies of five P&R facilities funded and delivered by the city itself. Finally, section five presents a range of recommendations on what is needed for introducing a more strategic approach to asset management and outlines next steps 40 17-11-21 00:19:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874027 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18486 Volltext, Open Access

1759729469

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:31.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729469 OCoLC 1255602549 WBOKR 18425 EBP 064560287 KEP 064560287 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18425 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Urban Rail Development in China Issues and Options World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCESS TO CARS s AIR s AIR QUALITY s AIR QUALITY STRATEGY s AIRPORT s BANKS s BUS s BUS DEMAND s BUS FARES s BUS OPERATIONS s BUS OPERATORS s BUS PASSENGER s BUS PASSENGERS s BUS PRIORITIES s BUS SERVICES s BUS SYSTEM s BUS SYSTEMS s BUSES s CAR s CAR USE s CAR-OWNING HOUSEHOLDS s CARS s CHECKING s CITY MASTER PLAN s CITY SIZE s CITY TRANSPORT s CIVIL ENGINEERS s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s CONGESTION s CONGESTION PRICING s CONVENTIONAL BUS s CROSSING s DATA COLLECTION s DEBT s DECISION-MAKING s DRIVERS s DRIVING s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EFFICIENT TRANSPORT s EMISSION s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSIONS s EXTERNALITIES s FARE AFFORDABILITY s FARE COLLECTION s FARES s FINANCIAL BURDEN s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL PLANNING s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL STRENGTH s FINANCING SOURCES s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s HIGHWAYS s HOUSING s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INTERCITY BUS s LAND USE s LAND-USE POLICIES s LARGE CITIES s LEARNING s LIGHT RAIL s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOW FARES s LOW-INCOME USERS s MASS RAPID TRANSIT s MASS TRANSIT s METRO LINE s METRO NETWORK s METRO PASSENGERS s METRO RIDERSHIP s METRO SYSTEM s METRO SYSTEMS s METRO TRAFFIC s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MODAL CHOICE s MODAL PUBLIC TRANSPORT s MODAL SHIFT s MODE OF CHOICE s MODES OF TRANSPORT s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL TRANSPORT s NOISE s OPERATING COSTS s OPERATING SURPLUS s OPERATION OF TRANSPORT s PASSENGER COUNTS s PASSENGER DEMAND s PASSENGER FLOWS s PASSENGER INFORMATION s PASSENGER RAIL s PASSENGER RAIL SERVICE s PASSENGERS s PEDESTRIAN s PENALTIES s PPPS s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PRODUCTIVITY s PSP s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT OPERATING s PUBLIC TRANSPORT OPERATORS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT PRIORITY s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM s RADIAL CORRIDORS s RAIL COMPANY s RAIL CONSTRUCTION s RAIL DEVELOPMENT s RAIL INVESTMENTS s RAIL LINES s RAIL MARKET s RAIL NETWORKS s RAIL POLICY s RAIL PROJECT s RAIL PROJECTS s RAIL ROUTES s RAIL SECTOR s RAIL SERVICES s RAIL TRANSIT PROJECTS s RAIL TRANSPORT s RAIL TRAVEL s RAILWAY s RAILWAY LINE s RAILWAYS s RAPID RAIL s REGIONAL TRANSPORT s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RIDERS s RIDERSHIP s RIDERSHIP FORECASTS s RIGHT-OF-WAY s RISK MANAGEMENT s ROAD s ROAD BUILDING s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SPACE s ROAD SYSTEMS s ROUTE s SAFETY s SAVINGS s SUBURBAN RAIL s SUBURBAN RAIL SYSTEMS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAINS s TRANSIT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORT CORRIDORS s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT NETWORK s TRANSPORT PLAN s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT PROBLEMS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICE s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORT STRATEGIES s TRANSPORT STRATEGY s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION PLANNING s TRAVEL BEHAVIOR s TRAVEL DEMAND s TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT s TRAVEL TIME s TRIPS s UNDERGROUND s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN ECONOMY s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN PASSENGER s URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT s URBAN RAIL s URBAN RAIL CONCESSIONS s URBAN RAIL INVESTMENTS s URBAN RAIL SYSTEM s URBAN RAIL SYSTEMS s URBAN RAIL TRANSIT s URBAN RAIL TRANSPORT s URBAN RAILWAYS s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBAN TRANSPORT PLANNING s URBAN TRANSPORT SECTOR s URBAN TRANSPORT STRATEGY s URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s URBAN TRAVEL s URBANIZATION s VEHICLE s WALKING s WALKING DISTANCE English en_US The Institute of Comprehensive Transport (NDRC) and the World Bank jointly carried out a study of urban rail development in China. The joint study team visited several selected cities that have developed or are developing urban rail systems, including Beijing, Chongqing, Wuhan, Changsha, Hangzhou, and Zhengzhou, and held discussions with relevant agencies at the central and local levels. This paper summarizes the key findings. It highlights the positive outlook for urban rail development in China and the strengths of China's circumstances and institutions in responding to that outlook. It also identifies the key areas where strengthening of institutions and processes of urban rail planning would enhance the contribution of urban railways to sustainable urban development and improve value for money from specific urban rail investments. It makes seven recommendations aimed at such strengthening. The study is intended to contribute both to urban rail policy and planning in China's cities and also to help the World Bank target its institutional support in this important sub-sector of China's transport system 40 17-11-21 00:19:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874035 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18425 Volltext, Open Access

1759729477

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:31.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729477 OCoLC 1255600978 WBOKR 18423 EBP 064560279 KEP 064560279 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18423 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Monitoring Climate Finance and ODA World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Development and climate change no. 3 s ACCOUNTING s ADAPTATION FINANCING s ALLOCATION s ATMOSPHERE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL FLOW s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL MARKETS DEVELOPMENT s CARBON FINANCE s CARBON MARKET s CARBON MARKETS s CARBON TECHNOLOGIES s CERTIFIED EMISSION REDUCTIONS s CERTIFIED EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS s CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM s CLEAN ENERGY s CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES s CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES s CLEAN TECHNOLOGY s CLIMATE s CLIMATE ACTION s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION INITIATIVE s CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGE s CLIMATE CHANGE FUND s CLIMATE CHANGE FUNDS s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE CHANGE PROGRAM s CLIMATE FORECASTING s CLIMATE INITIATIVE s CLIMATE INVESTMENT s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s CLIMATE RISK s CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT s CLIMATE STABILIZATION s CLIMATE VARIABILITY s CLIMATE-CHANGE s CO s COLORS s COMPETITIVE MARKET s COST ESTIMATES s CREDITOR s CROWDING OUT s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEGREE OF TRANSPARENCY s DESERTIFICATION s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DISCOUNT RATE s DOMESTIC SOURCES s DURABLE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMISSION s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSION TRAJECTORIES s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION s ENABLING ENVIRONMENTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMS s ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE s ENERGY SECURITY s ENERGY SUBSIDIES s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s ENVIRONMENTAL INTEGRITY s ENVIRONMENTS s EXPENDITURE s FINANCES s FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MECHANISM s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FIXED CAPITAL s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREST s FOREST INVESTMENT s FORESTRY s FOSSIL FUELS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s GHG s GHGS s GLOBAL CLIMATE s GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GLOBAL RECESSION s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS CONCENTRATIONS s GROSS NATIONAL INCOME s HOST COUNTRIES s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s INCOME s INFORMATION ON CLIMATE s INFORMATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE SCHEMES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FOREST CARBON s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT FINANCE s INVESTMENT FLOWS s INVESTMENT FUNDS s ISSUANCE s LACK OF TRANSPARENCY s LEVIES s LEVY s LLC s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOW-CARBON s MITIGATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEGATIVE IMPACT s PARTIAL RISK s PAYMENT FLOWS s PLEDGES s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIOS s PRIMARY MARKET s PRIVATE DEBT s PUBLIC GOOD s PUBLIC GOODS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REMITTANCES s RENEWABLE ENERGY s SOVEREIGN ENTITY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TAX s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREATY s TRUST FUND s TRUST FUNDS s TRUSTEE s UNEP s VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WIND s WIND FARMS English en_US The first major part of this paper focuses on tracking, monitoring, and reporting various types of flows, primarily from ODA (Official Development Assistance) and other public sources but also from private sources. It briefly reviews available information on various current and upcoming financial and investment flows to support climate action in developing countries as a first step in assessing the challenges associated with monitoring such flows. It considers both climate finance (the amount of additional resources required to catalyze the shift of a much larger volume of public and private development investments to climate friendlier options) and underlying finance (the almost 10 to 20 times larger amount of financial and investment flows in developing countries that must increasingly focus on climate action). The next part of the paper focuses on possible ways of tracking additionality in ODA flows, with the aim of stimulating a discussion within the World Bank Group (WBG) and its partners on this issue. It describes the various perceptions of different groups of countries as well as possible baselines, benchmarks, and tools for tracking progress. Increasingly reliable, comprehensive, and transparent reporting is needed to demonstrate that new climate finance instruments are not introduced at the expense of those targeting other objectives. The final section provides proposals for further action by industrial and developing countries, the U.N. system and multilateral development banks (MDBs) 40 17-11-21 00:19:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874043 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18423 Volltext, Open Access

1759729485

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:31.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729485 OCoLC 1255600508 WBOKR 18519 EBP 064560260 KEP 064560260 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18519 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Beyond the Sum of its Parts Combining Financial Instruments for Impact and Efficiency Richard Hosier VerfasserIn aut Nataliya Kulichenko VerfasserIn aut Aditi Maheshwari VerfasserIn aut Natsuko Toba VerfasserIn aut Xiaodong Wang VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Development, climate, and finance issues brief no. 3 s AIR s AIR CONDITIONERS s AIR CONDITIONING s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s AIR-CONDITIONER s ALLOCATION s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY s APPROVAL PROCEDURES s APPROVAL PROCESS s ATMOSPHERE s BANK FINANCING s BANK LENDING s BANK LOAN s BANK MANAGEMENT s BIOMASS s BOTTLENECKS s BUS s BUS CORRIDOR s BUSES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CARBON FINANCE s CARBON FOOTPRINT s CARBON MARKET s CARBON MARKETS s CARBON OFFSETS s CARBON TECHNOLOGIES s CARS s CASH FLOWS s CFC s CLEAN TECHNOLOGY s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CO s COMMODITY PRICE s COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPS s CONDITIONERS s COUNTRY RISK s CREDITS s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEMAND FOR TRANSPORT s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANKS s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DOMESTIC FINANCIAL MARKETS s DONOR FUNDS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s EMISSION s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSION REDUCTIONS s EMISSION SAVINGS s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION s EMISSIONS GROWTH s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMS s ENERGY PORTFOLIO s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s EQUIPMENT s FINANCIAL CAPITAL s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL TOOLS s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FINANCING COSTS s FOREST s FOREST CARBON s FOREST CARBON STOCKS s FOREST INVESTMENT s FORESTS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FUEL s GHG s GLOBAL EMISSIONS s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GRANT ALLOCATION s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GUARANTEE AGENCY s HIGHWAYS s HOUSEHOLD ENERGY s INCOME s INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s INFORMATION DISSEMINATION s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTANGIBLE s INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INVESTMENT CAPITAL s INVESTMENT FINANCE s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT LOAN s INVESTMENT POLICIES s ISSUANCES s LENDERS s LIQUIDITY s LLC s LOAN s LONG-TERM FUNDING s LOW-CARBON s LOW-INCOME CONSUMERS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET LEVEL s MARKET PRICES s MARKET VALUES s MASS TRANSIT s MATURITY s MERCURY s MOTOR VEHICLES s PARTIAL RISK s PASSENGER TRIPS s PRESENT VALUE s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PROFITABILITY s PUBLIC TRANSIT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s RAPID TRANSIT s RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS s RATE OF RETURN s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS s RING ROADS s RISK MITIGATION s RNA s ROADS s SOFT LOAN s SUSTAINABLE FOREST s SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSACTIONS COSTS s TRANSIT CORRIDORS s TRANSIT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT CORRIDORS s TRANSPORT INVESTMENT s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORTATION s TRUST FUND s TRUST FUNDS s UNCERTAINTIES s URBAN AREAS s URBAN TRANSPORT s VOUCHERS s WIND s WIND FARMS English en_US The Global Environment Facility (GEF), carbon finance, and the Clean Technology Fund (CTF) constitute the bulk of dedicated funding for low-carbon development. To achieve the largest possible impact, practitioners must learn to combine these resources in the same project or program in order to both reduce transaction costs and maximize synergies. This issues brief considers six projects that are using resources from one or all of these sources in combination with development finance to advance low-carbon development. It lays out a conceptual basis for how GEF, carbon finance, and CTF resources can be fit together to make a wider range of mitigation projects financially and economically attractive 40 17-11-21 00:19:08.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874051 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18519 Volltext, Open Access

1759729493

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:31.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729493 OCoLC 1255602535 WBOKR 18508 EBP 064560252 KEP 064560252 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18508 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Monitoring Climate Finance and ODA Issues Brief Philippe Ambrosi VerfasserIn aut Stefano Curto VerfasserIn aut Ari Huhtala VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Development, climate, and finance issues brief no. 1 s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ADAPTATION s ADAPTATION ACTION s ADAPTATION ACTIONS s ADAPTATION FINANCING s ADAPTATION FUND s ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE s ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL MARKETS DEVELOPMENT s CARBON FINANCE s CARBON MARKET s CARBON MARKETS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE ACTION s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGE s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE FORECASTING s CLIMATE INVESTMENT s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s CLIMATE STABILIZATION s CLIMATE-CHANGE s CO s COMBATING CLIMATE CHANGE s CREDITOR s CURRENCY s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DISCOUNT RATE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s EMISSION s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSIONS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENVIRONMENTAL INTEGRITY s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s GHG s GHGS s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s INCOME s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INVESTMENT DECISION s INVESTMENT FINANCE s INVESTMENT FLOWS s INVESTMENT FUNDS s LEVIES s LEVY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOW-CARBON s MITIGATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE s NEGATIVE IMPACT s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIOS s TAX s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY English en_US This issues brief examines the challenges of monitoring financial flows related to climate change. The first part focuses on tracking, monitoring, and reporting various types of flows, primarily from official development assistance (ODA) and other public sources but also from private sources. The second part explores possible ways of tracking additionality in ODA flows, with the aim of stimulating global discussion on this issue. A more comprehensive support document on this topic can be found on the World Bank website at beta.worldbank.org/ climate change 40 17-11-21 00:19:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987406X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18508 Volltext, Open Access

1759729507

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:31.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729507 OCoLC 1255600998 WBOKR 18422 EBP 064560244 KEP 064560244 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18422 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Afghanistan - Scoping Strategic Options for Development of the Kabul River Basin A Multisectoral Decision Support System Approach World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Afghanistan South Asia s ACCESS TO DATA s ACCESS TO WATER s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL WATER s ANNUAL FLOW s AQUIFER s AQUIFERS s ARID REGIONS s AVAILABILITY OF WATER s AVERAGE ANNUAL PRECIPITATION s BASIN DEVELOPMENT s BASIN PERSPECTIVE s BASIN PLANNING s BASIN RESOURCE s BASIN STAKEHOLDERS s BASIN WATER s BASIN WATER RESOURCES s BASIN WATERSHED s BASIN WATERSHEDS s BULK WATER s BULK WATER SUPPLY s CANAL SYSTEMS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CATCHMENT s CATCHMENT AREA s CATCHMENTS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE DATA s COMPENSATION s CONSTRUCTION OF DAMS s COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS s COPPER s CUBIC METER s CUBIC METERS s DAM s DAM HEIGHT s DAM SITE s DAM SITES s DAMS s DECISION MAKERS s DECISION MAKING s DEFORESTATION s DISTRIBUTION OF WATER s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS s DIVERSION OF WATER s DOMESTIC WATER s DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY s DOWNSTREAM IMPACT s DRAINAGE s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s DROUGHT s DROUGHT YEAR s EFFICIENT WATER USE s ENGINEERING s ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EVAPORATION s FOREST s FORESTS s FUEL s GLACIERS s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER AQUIFERS s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s HYDROELECTRIC CAPACITY s HYDROELECTRIC POWER s HYDROELECTRIC POWER DEVELOPMENT s HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT s HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS s HYDROLOGY s HYDROPOWER s HYDROPOWER CAPACITY s HYDROPOWER GENERATION s HYDROPOWER PRODUCTION s HYDROPOWER PROJECTS s INDUSTRIAL WATER s INDUSTRIAL WATER DEMAND s INDUSTRIAL WATER SUPPLY s INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s INTERNATIONAL WATER s INVESTMENT PLANNING s IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE s IRRIGATED AREA s IRRIGATED FARMING s IRRIGATED LAND s IRRIGATION s IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT s IRRIGATION INVESTMENT s IRRIGATION REQUIREMENTS s IRRIGATION SYSTEMS s IRRIGATION WATER s LAND AREA s LAND USE s LOW FLOWS s MAIN RIVER s MAIN RIVER BASINS s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS s MOUNTAIN AREAS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NATURAL RIVER s PEAK FLOW s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION GROWTH RATE s POWER GENERATION CAPACITY s QUANTITY OF WATER s RAIN s RAINFALL s RANGELAND s RESERVOIR AREAS s RESERVOIR OPERATIONS s RESERVOIRS s RIPARIAN s RIPARIAN COUNTRIES s RIVER s RIVER BASIN s RIVER BASIN DEVELOPMENT s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT s RIVER BASIN ORGANIZATION s RIVER BASIN PLANNING s RIVER BASINS s RIVER FLOWS s RIVER NETWORK s RIVER SUBBASINS s RIVER SYSTEM s RIVER VALLEY s RIVER VALLEYS s RIVER WATERSHED s RIVERS s ROUTES s RURAL COMMUNITY s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SEA s SEEPAGE s SNOW s SOIL s SOILS s STEEP MOUNTAIN VALLEYS s STORAGE CAPACITY s STREAM s STREAMFLOW s STREAMFLOWS s STREAMS s SUPPLY OF WATER s SURFACE RUNOFF s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SUSTAINABLE WATER MANAGEMENT s TOWNS s TRIBUTARIES s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s USE OF WATER s WASTEWATER s WATER ALLOCATIONS s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER CONSERVATION s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER CONVEYANCE s WATER CUSTOMERS s WATER DEMAND s WATER DEVELOPMENT s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER HARVESTING s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER LAW s WATER LOSSES s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER PARTNERSHIP s WATER PRODUCTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER REQUIREMENTS s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES PLANNING s WATER SECTOR s WATER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s WATER SOURCES s WATER STORAGE s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER USE s WATER USES s WATERS s WATERSHED s WATERSHEDS s WELL BEING s WELLS s WETLANDS English en_US The objective of this study is to develop an integrated basin planning framework for analyzing and prioritizing water resources development options in Afghanistan, and to demonstrate its application in the Kabul River basin. Accordingly, the study focuses on the tasks of: (a) analyzing the medium and long-term options for developing the water resources of the Kabul River basin for multiple purposes, including domestic and industrial water supply, hydropower, mining, irrigated agriculture, and environment; and (b) collating information on the basin, including the existing and potential water resources development options, water uses and demands, in a simple and user-friendly Decision Support System (DSS), so as to enable multisectoral analysis and optimization of development options in the basin by the concerned ministries and development partners. The study, conducted in collaboration with the government of Afghanistan, is expected to help strengthen the adoption of integrated approaches to basin planning and water resources management in the country 40 17-11-21 00:19:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874078 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18422 Volltext, Open Access

1759729515

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:31.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729515 OCoLC 1255602493 WBOKR 18729 EBP 064560236 KEP 064560236 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18729 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Raising Productivity and Reducing the Risk of Household Enterprises Ghana Country Study World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ghana s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ARTISANS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANKING PRODUCTS s BANKS s BARGAINING s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUSINESS DISTRICTS s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS STRATEGY s CALCULATIONS s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CITIES s COLLABORATION s COLLATERAL s CRAFTSMEN s DEPOSIT s DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s ELECTRICITY s ENTERPRISE SECTOR s ENTERPRISE SURVEY s EQUIPMENT s FAMILY MEMBERS s FEMALE s FEMALES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s GENDER s GROWTH POTENTIAL s HANDICRAFTS s HEALTH INSURANCE s HOUSEHOLD EXPENSES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPLEMENTING AGENCY s IMPROVEMENTS IN ACCESS s INCOME TAX s INFORMED DECISIONS s INSTALLATION s INSTITUTION s INSURANCE SCHEME s INTEREST RATES s INTERVENTIONS s JOB CREATION s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKETS s LEARNING s LICENSE s LICENSES s LIFE EVENTS s LIVING STANDARD s LOAN s LOCALITIES s MANUFACTURING s MARKET RESEARCH s MATERIAL s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE PHONES s MOTIVATION s NATIONAL INSURANCE s NEW JOBS s NEW MARKETS s NEW TECHNOLOGY s OUTREACH ACTIVITIES s OUTREACH PROGRAMS s PENSION s PERSONAL SAVINGS s POLICY FRAMEWORK s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s RAPID GROWTH s RATE OF GROWTH s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESULTS s RETIREMENT s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SAFETY s SAFETY NET s SALARY s SALES s SAVINGS s SAVINGS ACCOUNT s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SITES s SMALL BUSINESSES s SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s STAKEHOLDER s STAKEHOLDERS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TECHNOLOGY FACILITIES s TECHNOLOGY SUPPORT s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TOWNS s TRADE UNION s TRAINING PROGRAM s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRANSACTION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN ECONOMY s URBAN POPULATION s WAGE s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUTH s YOUTH EMPLOYMENT s ZONING English en_US Ghana has had a history of developing and sustaining the growth of the informal enterprises because of a broad recognition of their pivotal role in job creation and in poverty reduction. The Government of Ghana has established some of the most developed institutions for supporting informal sector activity, including the National Committee on the Informal Economy (NCIE) tasked with leading and coordinating the process of designing policies and interventions in support of the informal sector, and the National Board for Small Scale Industries (NBSSI) that promotes the development of micro, and small enterprises (MSEs), many of which are informal. Moreover, the Government has supported a large private apprenticeship program, and a national network of banks and microfinance institutions (MFIs) that cater to the needs of both the formal and informal sectors. It has facilitated the formation of national and local level associations, which advocate for informal enterprises with local and national governments. This policy note presents the main findings of the full two year study of household enterprises in Ghana. This study was undertaken by the World Bank on behalf of the NCIE. The lead consultant and author were Aba Quainoo of MEL consultants, Accra, Ghana. MEL consultants undertook all the field work for this study as well (discussed in sections two and three). The World Bank provided the analysis of the GLSS and other data for section one. The note is organized as follows: section one provides an overview of the importance of Household Enterprises (HEs) in the country's economy, and presents a profile of those who operate them; section two analyzes the main constraints to their growth and productivity; section three reviews existing policies, programs, and projects that are relevant to HEs and that affect their performance; and the last section concludes with policy recommendations with the end in view of raising the productivity and reducing the risks of HEs, thereby enhancing their role in economic development and poverty reduction in Ghana 40 17-11-21 00:19:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874086 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18729 Volltext, Open Access

1759729523

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729523 OCoLC 1255600712 WBOKR 19454 EBP 064560228 KEP 064560228 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19454 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Georgia Demographic Change Implications for Social Programs and Poverty World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Georgia s ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE s ACTIVE LABOR s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s ADULT POPULATION s AGE DISTRIBUTION s AGE GROUP s AGED s AGING s AGING POPULATION s AGING POPULATIONS s AVERAGE WAGE s BENEFIT LEVEL s BENEFIT LEVELS s CANCER s CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE s CHILD CARE s DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE s DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES s DEMOGRAPHIC PRESSURES s DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DEPENDENCY RATIOS s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DISABILITY s DISABILITY PENSION s DRIVERS s EARLY CHILDHOOD s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES s ELDERLY s ELDERLY PERSONS s ELDERLY POPULATION s ELDERLY WOMEN s EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY s EXTENDED FAMILIES s EXTERNAL MIGRATION s FAMILY MEMBERS s FAMILY SIZE s FERTILITY RATE s FERTILITY RATES s FEWER PEOPLE s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FORMAL LABOR MARKET s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SYSTEM s HOSPITALIZATION s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s ILLNESS s IMMIGRATION s INCOME SUPPORT s INFORMAL SECTOR s INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS s INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION s INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JOB SEARCH s JOBS s LABOR DEMAND s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR SUPPLY s LABOUR s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIFE-LONG LEARNING s LIFELONG LEARNING s LONG-TERM CARE s LOW FERTILITY s MEDICAL CARE s MIGRATION s MORTALITY s MOTHER s NUMBER OF CHILDREN s NUMBER OF CHILDREN PER WOMAN s NUMBER OF PERSONS s NUMBER OF WORKERS s OLD AGE s OLD-AGE s OLD-AGE PENSION s OLD-AGE PENSIONS s OLDER AGE GROUPS s OLDER PEOPLE s OLDER PERSON s PENSION s PENSION AGE s PENSION BENEFIT s PENSION BENEFITS s PENSION COST s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SPENDING s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION TRANSFERS s PENSIONER s PENSIONERS s PENSIONS s PHYSICAL HEALTH s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POPULATION DIVISION s POPULATION ESTIMATES s POPULATION INCREASES s POPULATION SIZE s POPULATION STRUCTURE s POPULATION TRENDS s PREVIOUS WORK s PRICE INDEXATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE s PROGRESS s PUBLIC POLICY s REPLACEMENT RATE s REPLACEMENT RATES s RESPECT s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT AGE s RETIREMENT AGES s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SCHOOL AGE s SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SERVICE DELIVERY s SEX s SEX RATIO s SEX RATIOS s SEX-SELECTIVE ABORTIONS s SIGNIFICANT POLICY s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL AFFAIRS s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL EXPENDITURES s SOCIAL PENSIONS s SOCIAL POLICIES s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECTOR s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL TRANSFER s SOCIAL TRANSFERS s SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS s STATE UNIVERSITY s TAX ADVANTAGES s TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNFPA s UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE FAMILIES s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WAGES s WORK EXPERIENCE s WORK FORCE s WORKER s WORKFORCE s WORKFORCE SKILLS s WORKING POPULATION s WORKING-AGE POPULATION s WORLD POPULATION s YOUNG ADULTS s YOUTH s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT pha English en_US This note provides an overview of demographic changes and their policy implications in Georgia, with particular reference to the poor. Georgia's population is expected to decline between 2010 and 2050, and this trend will be accompanied by a growing elderly cohort and a rising total dependency ratio. The note emphasizes four interrelated policy topics. These are labor force participation, labor force productivity, and potential cost pressures arising from the pension system and from the health sector. In each area, special attention is given to the linkages between these issues, social spending programs, and opportunities for targeting the poor. The note does not present specific policy recommendations, but instead outlines broad areas where future analytical work might be undertaken to arrive at more precise policy options. The note is structured as follows. The next section summarizes the key demographic trends underway in Georgia. Section three presents a profile of poverty and social spending by age. Section four analyzes the four policy issues listed in column two of table one. In each of these sections, the poverty reduction angle is emphasized. The final section provides a summary of the key messages, with an emphasis on policy priorities going forward 40 17-11-21 00:19:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874094 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19454 Volltext, Open Access

1759729531

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729531 OCoLC 1255600914 WBOKR 19452 EBP 06456021X KEP 06456021X 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19452 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Regional Development Lessons from International Experience Applicable for Kazakhstan Sebnem Akkaya VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s CITIES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s GRANT PROGRAMS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s LAGGING REGIONS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MIGRATION s MUNICIPAL s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT s PENSIONS s POOR REGIONS s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s REGIONAL POLICIES s REGIONAL POLICY s SAFETY NET s SCHOOLS s SOCIAL SERVICES s SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSPORT s WAGES s WATER SUPPLY English en_US The first concerns the objective of regional development. International experience and the vast literature on economic geography suggest that as Kazakhstan transforms itself from a middle income country to a high income country, the spatial distribution of economic activity will continue to be uneven. Growth will be concentrated in a few leading cities and regions, as firms take advantage of agglomeration economies and workers migrate seeking higher wages. The second finding concerns the instruments of regional policy. Much of the discussion of regional policies focuses on the use of geographically-targeted subsidies or financing aimed at encouraging investment in lagging regions. But the World Bank's experience shows that this emphasis is too narrow. The most important policies that affect the growth of a region may not be those that are geographically targeted. The third finding concerns the design of regional development financing mechanisms. While regional development grants play, at best, an ancillary role in the economic development of lagging regions, they can be an important source of financing. Finally, the World Bank has learned that Municipal Development Funds (MDFs) may require reforms at the local level. Local governments vary in their capacity to prepare 'bankable' projects 40 17-11-21 00:19:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874108 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19452 Volltext, Open Access

175972954X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972954X OCoLC 1255602562 WBOKR 19460 EBP 064560201 KEP 064560201 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19460 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Mongolia Policy Options for Pension Reform World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Mongolia s ACCRUAL RATE s ACTUARIAL MODELING s AGING POPULATION s ANNUITY s ANNUITY FACTOR s ANNUITY FACTORS s ASSET MANAGERS s AVERAGE BENEFIT s AVERAGE WAGE GROWTH s BANKRUPTCY s BENEFIT ADJUSTMENTS s BENEFIT FORMULA s BENEFIT FORMULAS s BENEFIT INDEXATION s BENEFIT LEVEL s BENEFIT LEVELS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH TRANSFERS s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICE s COMPENSATION s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION s CONTRIBUTION RATE s CONTRIBUTION RATES s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT GROWTH s DEBT s DEFICITS s DEFINED BENEFIT s DEFINED BENEFIT SCHEME s DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PENSION s DEFINED CONTRIBUTIONS s DEFINED-BENEFIT SCHEME s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DEPENDENCY RATIOS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISABILITY s DISABILITY PENSION s DISABILITY PENSIONS s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC FINANCIAL MARKETS s ECONOMIC CRISES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s ECONOMIC VOLATILITY s ELDERLY s EMPLOYEE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPOSURE s FEMALE s FEMALES s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL RISKS s FISCAL BURDEN s FUNDED ACCOUNTS s FUTURE OBLIGATIONS s FUTURE PENSION s GENDER s GOVERNMENT SUBSIDY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GUARANTEED BENEFIT s HOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME LEVEL s INCOME SECURITY s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNT s INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS s INEQUALITY s INFORMAL ECONOMY s INFORMAL SECTOR s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL REFORM s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE PENSION s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INTEREST RATE s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s INVESTMENT POLICIES s INVESTMENT RETURNS s INVESTMENT RISKS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVING STANDARD s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MANDATORY SCHEME s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET VOLATILITY s MINIMUM BENEFIT s MINIMUM INCOME s MONETARY FUND s NATIONAL PENSION s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NORMAL RETIREMENT AGE s NOTIONAL ACCOUNT s NOTIONAL ACCOUNTS s OLD-AGE INCOME s OLD-AGE PENSION s OLD-AGE PENSIONS s OUTPUT s OUTPUTS s PAYROLL TAXES s PENSION s PENSION ADMINISTRATION s PENSION ARRANGEMENTS s PENSION AT RETIREMENT s PENSION BENEFICIARIES s PENSION BENEFIT s PENSION BENEFITS s PENSION COSTS s PENSION INCOME s PENSION INSURANCE s PENSION INSURANCE FUND s PENSION INSURANCE SYSTEM s PENSION LIABILITIES s PENSION POLICIES s PENSION PROGRAM s PENSION PROVISION s PENSION PROVISIONS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION RESERVE s PENSION SAVINGS s PENSION SCHEME s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEM PARAMETERS s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONERS s PENSIONS s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL PENSION s PERSONAL TAX RATE s POLITICAL RISKS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PREGNANCY s PRICE GROWTH s PRICE INDEXATION s PRISONERS s RAPID GROWTH s RATE OF GROWTH s RATE OF RETURN s REFORM PROGRAM s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY INFRASTRUCTURE s REPLACEMENT RATE s REPLACEMENT RATES s RESERVE FUND s RESERVES s RETIREE s RETIREES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT AGES s RETIREMENT BENEFIT s RETIREMENT BENEFITS s RETIREMENT INCOME s RETIREMENT INCOMES s RETIREMENT SAVINGS s SAVINGS SCHEMES s SECURITIES s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE BENEFIT s SOCIAL INSURANCE BENEFITS s SOCIAL INSURANCE CONTRIBUTION s SOCIAL INSURANCE CONTRIBUTIONS s SOCIAL INSURANCE FUND s SOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAMS s SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEM s SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEMS s SOCIAL PENSION s SOCIAL PENSIONS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS s SOCIAL WELFARE s SUPERVISORY FRAMEWORK s SUPPLEMENTARY PENSION s SUPPLEMENTARY SCHEME s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s TAX s TAX BENEFIT s TAX RATE s TAX TREATMENT s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRADE UNIONS s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TRUST FUND s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE FUND s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VALUATIONS s VOLUNTARY PENSION s VOLUNTARY PENSIONS s WAGE GROWTH s WILL s WITHDRAWAL s WOMAN s WORKER CONTRIBUTION English en_US This report was prepared in response to a request by the Mongolian authorities for an evaluation of the Mongolian pension system and policy reform options. The report identifies a number of design weaknesses in the current pension insurance scheme and needs for reform in response to changes in the Mongolian economy. The summary of this report provides a brief synopsis for key policymakers of the rationale for reform and policy options considered. The main text responds to requests by the Mongolian authorities for the Bank's assessment. It considers the design architecture and parameters of the pension insurance scheme, the design of non- contributory elderly social assistance, pension provisions for herders and the rationale and design options for a pension reserve fund. The appendices provide more detailed analysis for technical staff including current pension insurance parameters; needs and policy options for herders and other informal sector workers; options for establishing a pension reserve fund; and elaboration of the actuarial modeling methodology employed, key assumptions and parameters, and detailed findings. Mongolia's economy, labor market and fiscal position are undergoing rapid changes as a result of growth in the mining sector. These changes present both challenges and opportunities for reform in pension provisions 40 17-11-21 00:19:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874116 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19460 Volltext, Open Access

1759729558

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729558 OCoLC 1255602529 WBOKR 19459 EBP 064560198 KEP 064560198 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19459 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Strengthening Institutions for the Preparation of Government Budgets World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Africa Zimbabwe s CIVIL SERVICE s GIA s GOVERNMENT BUDGETS s GRANT-IN-AIDED INSTITUTIONS s POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s WAGE BILL English en_US The Government of Zimbabwe (GOZ) faces difficult choices in managing the size of its civil service wage bill. The Government understands the need to watch the escalating wage bill carefully and put in place a strategy to steer it to a sustainable level as early as possible. Historical and international comparisons suggest that an overall wage bill of around 10 percent of GDP should be the medium-term target. This note illustrates that Zimbabwe could take immediate steps in 2010 and 2011 that will put it on the path of a sustainable level of wage bill in the medium-term. The focus of efforts to contain the wage bill should be on short-term measures because designing and implementing a medium-term approach to wage bill management would be too challenging in view of prevailing economic uncertainty and complex political reality. The note covers the staff employed by the Central Government, including uniformed services and staff employed by the Grant-in-Aided (GIA) institutions. The staff employed by local governments and public enterprises are excluded because direct transfers from the central budget to local government and public enterprises are rather small. (annex A has an outline of the institutional aspects of civil service in Zimbabwe). Given the paucity of information, the note does not make any recommendations specific to the GIA wage bill 40 17-11-21 00:19:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874124 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19459 Volltext, Open Access

1759729566

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729566 OCoLC 1255602597 WBOKR 19458 EBP 06456018X KEP 06456018X 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19458 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Challenges in Financing Education, Health, and Social Protection Expenditures in Zimbabwe World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Africa Zimbabwe s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ADOLESCENT FERTILITY s AGED s ALLOCATION s ANTENATAL CARE s ANTENATAL VISITS s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC SOCIAL SERVICES s BENEFICIARIES s BRAIN DRAIN s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET ENVELOPE s BUDGET PROPOSALS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD HEALTH SERVICES s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD WELFARE s CHRONIC MALNUTRITION s CITIZENS s CLINICS s COMMUNICABLE DISEASES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s DONOR ASSISTANCE s DONOR FINANCING s DROPOUT s EARLY CHILDHOOD s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL INDICATORS s EDUCATIONAL SERVICES s ELDERLY s EMPLOYMENT CREATION s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s ESSENTIAL DRUGS s ESSENTIAL SUPPLIES s FAMILIES s FAMILY PLANNING s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATE s FISCAL CRISIS s FISCAL STABILITY s FOOD DEFICIT s FOOD SECURITY s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER EQUITY s HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH EDUCATION s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE s HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s HEALTH PROMOTION s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SYSTEM s HEALTH WORKERS s HIV s HOSPITAL s HOSPITALS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s IMMUNIZATION s IMMUNODEFICIENCY s INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INTERVENTION s INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION s JOB TRAINING s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LITERACY RATES s LIVE BIRTHS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS s MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION s MALARIA s MALNOURISHED CHILDREN s MATERNAL CARE s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MEASLES s MEDICAL CARE s MEDICAL EQUIPMENT s MEDICAL SUPPLIES s MEDICAL TREATMENT s MEDICINES s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MINORITY s MORBIDITY s MORTALITY s MORTALITY RATE s MOTHER s NATIONAL STATISTICS s NUMBER OF DEATHS s NURSES s NUTRITION s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s ORPHANS s PATIENT s PATIENTS s PHYSICIANS s POLICY MAKERS s POLITICAL CLIMATE s POOR FAMILIES s POPULATION GROWTH s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PREVENTION STRATEGIES s PREVENTIVE HEALTH CARE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PROGRESS s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HOSPITALS s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR SPECIALIST s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC SUPPORT s PUBLIC WORKS s PUPIL-TO-TEACHER RATIO s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY OF CARE s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY SERVICES s RADIO s REDUCTION OF MORBIDITY s REFORM AGENDA s REMITTANCES s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s RESPECT s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL POPULATION s SAFE WATER s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SANITATION s SANITATION FACILITIES s SCARCE RESOURCES s SCHOOL FEES s SCHOOL-AGE POPULATION s SCREENING s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SECTOR BUDGET s SECTOR MINISTRIES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVISION s SICK LEAVE s SKILLED PERSONNEL s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL CONDITIONS s SOCIAL EXPENDITURES s SOCIAL INDICATORS s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL PROTECTION EXPENDITURES s SOCIAL PROTECTION SECTOR s SOCIAL SECTOR s SOCIAL SECTORS s SOCIAL SERVICE s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL TRANSFER s SOCIAL WELFARE s STATE UNIVERSITY s TAX COLLECTIONS s TEACHER SALARIES s TEACHING MATERIALS s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY LEVEL s TERTIARY LEVELS s TRANSFER PAYMENTS s TRANSPORTATION s TUBERCULOSIS s UNFPA s UNIONS s UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND s UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN COMMUNITY s URBAN POPULATION s USER FEES s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WOMAN s WORKERS s WORKING CONDITIONS s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION s YOUNG CHILDREN s YOUTH DEVELOPMENT pha English en_US The Government of Zimbabwe (GOZ) faces difficult choices in managing the size of its civil service wage bill. The Government understands the need to watch the escalating wage bill carefully and put in place a strategy to steer it to a sustainable level as early as possible. Historical and international comparisons suggest that an overall wage bill of around 10 percent of GDP should be the medium-term target. This note illustrates that Zimbabwe could take immediate steps in 2010 and 2011 that will put it on the path of a sustainable level of wage bill in the medium-term. The focus of efforts to contain the wage bill should be on short-term measures because designing and implementing a medium-term approach to wage bill management would be too challenging in view of prevailing economic uncertainty and complex political reality. The note covers the staff employed by the Central Government, including uniformed services and staff employed by the Grant-in-Aided (GIA) institutions. The staff employed by local governments and public enterprises are excluded because direct transfers from the central budget to local government and public enterprises are rather small. (annex A has an outline of the institutional aspects of civil service in Zimbabwe). Given the paucity of information, the note does not make any recommendations specific to the GIA wage bill 40 17-11-21 00:19:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874132 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19458 Volltext, Open Access

1759729574

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729574 OCoLC 1255602603 WBOKR 18374 EBP 064560171 KEP 064560171 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18374 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO China Water Pricing and Water User Associations Sustainability World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ADEQUATE WATER s ADEQUATE WATER PRICING s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL WATER s AVAILABLE WATER s AVAILABLE WATER SUPPLY s CANAL MAINTENANCE s CANALS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CHANNEL s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s COLLECTION OF WATER s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION STAGES s COST OF WATER s COST RECOVERY s COVERING s CROP PRODUCTION s DEPRECIATION COSTS s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DRAINAGE s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s FARMERS s FARMING s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SECURITY s GRAVITY s GROUNDWATER s HIGH WATER s HOUSEHOLDS s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s IRRIGATION s IRRIGATION DISTRICT s IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT s IRRIGATION SYSTEMS s IRRIGATION WATER s IRRIGATION WATER SUPPLY s LOCAL WATER s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MAINTENANCE OF FACILITIES s NUMBER OF BENEFICIARIES s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY s OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE s PROGRAMS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PROVINCIAL WATER s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUMP STATION s QUALITY STANDARDS s RIVER WATER s RURAL WATER s SCARCE WATER s SERVICE AREA s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE QUALITY s SOIL TYPES s TOWN s TRANSPARENCY s WASTE WATER s WATER CHARGES s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS s WATER FACILITIES s WATER FEES s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER PARTNERSHIP s WATER PRICING s WATER PRICING METHODS s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RIGHTS s WATER SALES s WATER SAVINGS s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLIERS s WATER SUPPLY s WATER USE s WATER USER s WATER USERS s WATER USERS ASSOCIATION English en_US Improved irrigation water pricing sufficient to cover Operation and Maintenance (O&M) and management costs for end-canal irrigation or tertiary facilities is a vital requirement for efficient irrigation service delivery and for sustainability of Water User Associations (WUAs). This study investigates the key aspects of end canal water pricing for irrigation, including the composition of the water fee, water price determination, water fee collection, and water fee management. The aim of the study is to provide specific reference and guidance for policy making on irrigation water pricing and on related strengthening of farmer WUAs for better end-canal O&M. Based on the literature reviewed for China, this is the first study of its kind which is designed to support policy making on end canal water fee reform, and simultaneously to address both end-canal water pricing and WUA development in that context. The study focuses on water fees for end- canal or tertiary water facilities in Chinese Irrigation Districts (IDs) 40 17-11-21 00:19:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874140 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18374 Volltext, Open Access

1759729582

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729582 OCoLC 1255600893 WBOKR 19461 EBP 064560163 KEP 064560163 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19461 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Internationalization of Higher Education in MENA Policy Issues Associated with Skills Formation and Mobility Fabrice Henard VerfasserIn aut Adriana Jaramillo VerfasserIn aut Alan Ruby VerfasserIn aut Hafedh Zaafrane VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Middle East Middle East and North Africa North Africa s ACADEMIC COMMUNITY s ACADEMIC FREEDOM s ACADEMIC PROGRAMS s ACADEMIC RESEARCH s ACADEMIC STAFF s ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION s ACCESS TO TERTIARY EDUCATION s ACCREDITATION s ACCREDITATION BODIES s ACCREDITATION SYSTEMS s ADVANCED DEGREES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC SKILLS s BINDING s BOARDS OF TRUSTEES s BRAIN DRAIN s BRAIN DRAIN PROBLEM s BUSINESS SCHOOL s CAREER s CAREER OPPORTUNITIES s CAREER PROSPECTS s COMMUNITY COLLEGES s CONVENTIONAL UNIVERSITY s COUNTRY CASE STUDIES s COUNTRY OF ORIGIN s COURSE CONTENT s COURSE DELIVERY s COURSE OFFERINGS s CREDIT TRANSFER s CURRICULUM s DEGREE PROGRAMS s DEGREES s DEMOGRAPHIC GROWTH s DIASPORA s DIPLOMAS s DISCIPLINES s DISTANCE EDUCATION s DISTANCE LEARNING s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s EDUCATED CITIZENS s EDUCATED MIGRANTS s EDUCATED PEOPLE s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS s EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES s EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS s EDUCATIONAL SERVICES s EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES s EDUCATORS s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENGINEERING EDUCATION s ENROLLMENT s FACULTY MEMBERS s FACULTY MOBILITY s FEE PAYING STUDENTS s FIELDS OF STUDY s FLOWS OF PEOPLE s FOREIGN RESEARCHERS s FOREIGN STUDENTS s FOREIGN UNIVERSITIES s FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT s GLOBAL LABOR MARKET s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION FINANCING s HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR s HIGHER EDUCATION STANDARDS s HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS s HIGHER EDUCATION SUPPLY s HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEMS s HOST COUNTRIES s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCES s IMMIGRANT s IMMIGRANTS s IMMIGRATION s IMMIGRATION POLICY s INSTITUTIONAL ACCREDITATION s INTERNATIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION s INTERNATIONAL KNOWLEDGE s INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION s INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY s INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS s INTERNATIONALIZATION s INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PROJECTIONS s LABOR MARKET FORECASTING s LABOR MARKET NEEDS s LABOR MARKETS s LABOUR MARKET s LEARNING s LEARNING ENVIRONMENT s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LECTURES s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOCAL LABOR MARKET s LOCAL UNIVERSITIES s MBA s MEDICAL SCHOOL s MIGRANT WORKERS s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MODERNIZATION s MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE s NATIONAL OBJECTIVES s NATURAL SCIENCES s OPEN ACCESS s OPEN UNIVERSITY s PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN s PEER REVIEW s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY DIALOGUE s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTES s POST-GRADUATE STUDENTS s POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRINCIPALS s PRIVATE SCHOOLS s PRIVATE TERTIARY EDUCATION s PROFESSORS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION s QUALITY ASSESSMENT s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY HIGHER EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION s RATE OF GROWTH s REMITTANCES s RESEARCH AGENDA s RESEARCH CAPACITY s RESEARCH CENTERS s RESEARCH COLLABORATION s RESEARCH COMMUNITIES s RESEARCH COOPERATION s RESEARCH GRANTS s RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES s RESEARCH PROGRAMS s RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES s RESEARCHERS s SCHOLARS s SCHOLARSHIPS s SCHOOL DROPOUTS s SCHOOL EDUCATION s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SCIENTISTS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL EDUCATION s SKILL DEVELOPMENT s SKILLED INDIVIDUALS s SKILLED LABOR s SKILLED PEOPLE s SKILLED PROFESSIONALS s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SCIENCES s STUDENT ADMISSIONS s STUDENT EMPLOYMENT s STUDENT MOBILITY s STUDENT POPULATION s STUDY ABROAD s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TECHNICAL FIELDS s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS s TERTIARY EDUCATION SECTOR s TERTIARY EDUCATION SYSTEMS s TERTIARY ENROLLMENTS s TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS s TERTIARY LEVEL s TRAINING COSTS s TUITION s TUITION FEES s UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY COLLEGE s UNIVERSITY GRADUATES s UNIVERSITY LEVEL s UNIVERSITY PROGRAMS s VIRTUAL EDUCATION s WORKERS s WORKFORCE s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNG POPULATIONS English en_US This policy issues note i ... 40 17-11-21 00:19:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874159 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19461 Volltext, Open Access

1759729590

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729590 OCoLC 1255600900 WBOKR 19456 EBP 064560155 KEP 064560155 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19456 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rethinking Electricity Tariffs and Subsidies in Pakistan Mohammad Saqib VerfasserIn aut Chris Trimble VerfasserIn aut Nobuo Yoshida VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT s APPROACH s AVAILABILITY s AVERAGE TARIFF s BALANCE s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BARRELS PER DAY s BLOCK TARIFF s CAPACITY FOR ELECTRICITY s CASH TRANSFERS s COAL s COMMERCIAL CUSTOMERS s CONSERVATION s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s COST OF ELECTRICITY s COST OF SERVICE s COST RECOVERY s CRUDE OIL s CRUDE OIL PRODUCTION s CUSTOMER SERVICE s DISCOS s DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES s DISTRIBUTION COMPANY s DISTRIBUTION LOSSES s DISTRIBUTION MARGIN s DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICITY s DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS s DOMESTIC GAS s DOMESTIC NATURAL GAS s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT s EFFICIENT ALLOCATION s ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY s ELECTRIC SUPPLY s ELECTRICAL POWER s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY BILLS s ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY MARKET s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY REFORMS s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s ELECTRICITY USE s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY MIX s ENERGY SECURITY s ENERGY USE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FOSSIL FUELS s FUEL COST s FUEL PRICE s FUEL PRICES s GAS s GAS FURNACE s GAS PRICES s GENERATING CAPACITY s GENERATION CAPACITY s GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOUSEHOLD CUSTOMERS s HOUSEHOLD ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s HYDROPOWER s INCOME s INDEPENDENT POWER PRODUCERS s KILOWATT HOUR s LEVELS OF CONSUMPTION s LIVING STANDARDS s LOWER COST OF PRODUCTION s NATURAL GAS s NOMINAL PRICES s NUCLEAR POWER s NUCLEAR POWER PLANT s OIL s OIL CRISIS s OIL EQUIVALENT s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OIL PRODUCTS s OIL SUPPLIES s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POVERTY AND DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS s POWER COMPANIES s POWER COMPANY s POWER CRISIS s POWER GENERATION s POWER PRODUCERS s POWER PURCHASE PRICE s POWER SECTOR POLICIES s PRICE ADJUSTMENTS s PRICE ELASTICITY OF DEMAND s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE OF ELECTRICITY s PRICE SIGNALS s PRICE VOLATILITY s PSIA s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC UTILITIES s QUANTITY OF ELECTRICITY s REFINERIES s RESIDENTIAL CONSUMERS s RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS s RESIDENTIAL USERS s REVENUE COLLECTION s SOURCE OF ENERGY s SUPPLY OF ELECTRICITY s TARIFF ADJUSTMENTS s TARIFF CHANGES s TARIFF RATES s TARIFF REFORM s TARIFF REFORMS s TARIFF SETTING s TARIFF STRUCTURE s THERMAL PLANTS s THERMAL POWER s THERMAL POWER GENERATION s TRANSMISSION SYSTEM s UTILITIES English en_US Pakistan's electricity sector is in crisis: extended periods of blackouts persisted in 2010 and circular debt is increasing. Despite investments in generation capacity, electricity demand continues to exceed supply, with blackouts as long as 8-10 hours per day in cities and sometimes double that in rural areas, and is widely recognized as a severe obstacle to growth and poverty reduction. In November 2010, the government was forced to rent the world's largest power ship to boost generation capacity. Meanwhile, the government of Pakistan's (GOP) inability to finance its commitment to fund subsidies, inefficiencies of the sector entities including low collections, delays in determination and notifications, and increased cost of fuel imports contribute to an increasingly severe circular debt problem. The analysis shows that given the current cost of electricity supply, the March 2011 tariff structure will improve the benefit incidence of electricity subsidies for residential users and reduce fiscal burden significantly in comparison to March 2008. For example, our estimations suggest the share of electricity subsidies for the richest 20 percent of the population declined from nearly 40 percent in March 2008 to 29 percent in March 2011. Despite this improvement, the richest households remain the greatest beneficiaries of the subsidies. Also, while the fiscal burden of electricity subsidies increased in nominal terms during the same time period, it declined by almost 60 percent in real terms. The results of the benefits incidence and scenario analyses have a number of policy implications for the fiscal burden of subsidies, and their ability to protect the poor and vulnerable efficiently 40 17-11-21 00:19:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874167 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19456 Volltext, Open Access

1759729604

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729604 OCoLC 1255600894 WBOKR 18375 EBP 064560147 KEP 064560147 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18375 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Early Childhood Development and Education in China Breaking the Cycle of Poverty and Improving Future Competitiveness Kin Bing Wu VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s AGE GROUPS s AGED s AGING s BABIES s BABY s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC KNOWLEDGE s BILINGUAL EDUCATION s BOARDING s BOARDING SUBSIDIES s BREAST FEEDING s CAREGIVERS s CHILD CARE s CHILD DEVELOPMENT s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD HEALTH SERVICES s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD PROTECTION s CHILD REARING s CHRONIC DISEASE s CITIZENS s CLASS SIZE s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT s CLINICS s COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COMMUNITY HEALTH s COMPULSORY EDUCATION s CURRICULUM s CYCLE OF POVERTY s DENTAL HEALTH s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES s DIABETES s DIET s DISABILITY s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT s EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION s EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATORS s EARLY EDUCATION s EARLY INTERVENTION s EARLY INTERVENTIONS s EARLY LEARNING s EARLY STIMULATION s EARLY YEARS OF LIFE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INEQUALITY s EDUCATION FINANCE s EDUCATION SERVICES s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL INDICATORS s EDUCATIONAL SERVICES s ELIMINATION OF FEES s EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s ENROLLMENT s ENROLMENTS s EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY s EXERCISES s FAMILIES s FAMILY CARE s FAMILY EDUCATION s FAMILY INCOME s FAMILY PLANNING s FAMILY PLANNING COMMISSION s FAMILY WELFARE s FIRST AID s GENERATIONAL TRANSMISSION OF POVERTY s GER s GIRLS s GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO s GROSS ENROLMENT s GROSS ENROLMENT RATIO s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS s HEALTH EDUCATION s HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s HEALTH PROMOTION s HEALTH SERVICES s HOSPITAL s HOSPITALS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HYGIENE s HYPERTENSION s IMMUNIZATION s INFECTIOUS DISEASES s INJURIES s INSTRUCTION s INSTRUCTIONAL TIME s INTERVENTION s INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION s IRON s KINDERGARTEN s KINDERGARTENS s LABOR FORCE s LAWS s LEADERSHIP s LEARNING MATERIALS s LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFE SKILLS s LIVE BIRTH s LIVE BIRTHS s LOCAL CAPACITY s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOW BIRTH WEIGHT s MALNOURISHED CHILDREN s MATERNAL HEALTH s MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MEDICAL CARE s MIGRANT s MIGRANT WORKERS s MIGRATION s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MINORITY s MORTALITY s MOTHER s NATIONAL COMMITTEE s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL PLAN s NATIONAL POPULATION s NER s NET ENROLLMENT s NET ENROLLMENT RATIO s NON-FORMAL TRAINING s NUMERACY s NUTRITION s NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s OBESITY s ORPHANS s PARENTING s PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN s PEDIATRICS s PERSONALITY s PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT s PHYSICAL EDUCATION s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POOR FAMILIES s POPULATION AGE STRUCTURE s PRE-NATAL CARE s PREGNANCY s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRENATAL CARE s PRESCHOOL EDUCATION s PRIMARY CAREGIVERS s PRIMARY CLASSES s PRIMARY CURRICULUM s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PROGRESS s PROPHYLAXIS s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PSYCHOLOGY s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUPIL-TO-TEACHER RATIO s PUPILS PER TEACHER s QUALITY CARE s READING s REDUCING MATERNAL MORTALITY s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s RIGHTS OF WOMEN s RURAL AREAS s RURAL CHILDREN s RURAL COUNTIES s RURAL GIRLS s RURAL RESIDENTS s RURAL SCHOOLS s RURAL STUDENTS s RURAL TEACHERS s SANITATION s SCHOOL HEALTH s SCHOOL READINESS s SCHOOL SYSTEM s SCHOOL-AGE POPULATION s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICES FOR CHILDREN s SMOKING s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL GROUPS s SOCIAL POLICY s SOCIAL SERVICE s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL SKILLS s SPECIAL EDUCATION s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TUITION s TV s URBAN AREAS s URBAN MIGRATION s URBAN POPULATION s URBANIZATION s VACCINATION s WAR s WORKERS s WORKFORCE s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION s YOUNG CHILDREN s YOUTH pha English en_US Neuroscience and longitudinal studies of early childhood development and education (ECDE) found that prenatal care and experiences from birth to the first six years (0-6), affect physical and brain development of children, and thereby the cognitive and socio-emotional development in subsequent stages of their lives. Lack of access to nutrition and health care, insufficient stimulating human interaction, and non-enrollment in pre-primary education are associated with lower educational attainment and achievement, which, in turn, reduce life-time earnings and potentially contribute to disruptive behavior to society. Investing in ECDE yields the highest economic returns because early learning and formation of good habits and social skills are far more productive than later, remedial education and training. The internal rates of return of rigorously evaluated ECDE programs range from 7 percent to 18 percent, which are higher than the rates of return to financial capital. Investments in ECDE are one of the most cost-effective strategies to break the inter-generational transmission of poverty, and to improve productivity and social cohesion in the long run. The report considers it highly desirable to universalize ECDE for the 0-6 age group in the long run because it equalizes opportunities and enhances the country's future competitiveness. But the report focuses on the medium term and advocates a two-pronged, pro-poor approach in the 12th Five Year Plan (2011-2015) 40 17-11-21 00:19:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874175 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18375 Volltext, Open Access

1759729612

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729612 OCoLC 1255602601 WBOKR 18365 EBP 064560139 KEP 064560139 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18365 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Greenhouse Gas Analysis at the World Bank World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific s ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE s AFFORESTATION s ANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS s APPROACH s ATMOSPHERE s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BASELINE EMISSIONS s BASES s BIKE SHARE s BIKEWAYS s BIOMASS s BORDER TRADE s BUS s CALCULATION s CAR s CARBON s CARBON CREDITS s CARBON DENSITY s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS s CARBON EMISSIONS s CARBON ENERGY s CARBON FINANCE s CARBON FOOTPRINT s CARBON LIMITS s CARBON MITIGATION s CARBON OFFSET s CARBON POOLS s CH4 s CHEMICAL PRODUCTS s CLEAN AIR s CLEAN ENERGY s CLEAN TECHNOLOGY s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CO s CO2 s COAL s COAL POWER PLANTS s COMBUSTION s COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPS s CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DIESEL s DISCOUNT RATE s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY SYSTEM s ELECTRIFICATION s EMISSION s EMISSION FACTOR s EMISSION FACTORS s EMISSION MODELS s EMISSION RATES s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSION REDUCTIONS s EMISSION THRESHOLD s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS ANALYSIS s EMISSIONS BASELINE s EMISSIONS FACTORS s EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION s EMISSIONS FROM ENERGY s EMISSIONS INVENTORIES s EMISSIONS MITIGATION s EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES s ENERGY EXTRACTION s ENERGY GENERATION s ENERGY INDUSTRIES s ENERGY PORTFOLIO s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SOURCES s EXPRESSWAYS s FERTILIZATION s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL MECHANISMS s FOREST s FOREST CARBON s FOREST CARBON STOCKS s FOREST CONSERVATION s FOREST DEGRADATION s FOREST LAND s FOREST MANAGEMENT s FORESTRY s FORESTRY ACTIVITIES s FORESTRY PROJECTS s FORESTRY SECTOR s FORESTS s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUEL POWER s FOSSIL FUEL POWER PLANTS s FOSSIL FUELS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FREIGHT s FUEL CONSUMPTION s FUEL CONVERSION s FUEL HANDLING s FUEL SWITCHING s FUGITIVE EMISSIONS s GAS FLARING s GAS FLARING REDUCTION s GAS POWER PLANTS s GAS SECTOR s GASES s GENERATION CAPACITY s GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS s GHG s GHGS s GLOBAL CARBON MARKET s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GLOBAL WARMING s GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS ASSESSMENT s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORIES s GREENHOUSE GASES s GRID ELECTRICITY s GRID EXTENSION s GRID SYSTEMS s GWP s HEAT s HFCS s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT s HIGHWAYS s HOT WATER s HYDROFLUOROCARBONS s HYDROPOWER s IMPROVEMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s IPCC s KEROSENE s KILOWATT HOUR s LAND USE s LAND USE CHANGE s LAND-USE CHANGE s LIGHT RAIL s LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT s LIGHTNING s LOW-CARBON s MASS RAPID TRANSIT s METHANE s METHANE EMISSIONS s MODAL SHIFT s N2O s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS PROCESSING s NITROGEN s NITROUS OXIDE s OFFSET PROJECTS s OIL s PERFLUOROCARBONS s PFCS s PIPELINE s POLLUTANT EMISSIONS s POWER DISTRIBUTION s POWER GENERATION s POWER GENERATION CAPACITY s POWER PLANT s POWER PLANT CONSTRUCTION s POWER PLANTS s POWER PROJECT s POWER SECTOR s POWER SYSTEM s POWER SYSTEMS s RAIL PROJECTS s RAILWAY s RAILWAYS s RAPID TRANSIT PROJECT s RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS s RENEWABLE POWER s RENEWABLE SOURCES s RESIDENTIAL SECTORS s ROAD s ROAD PROJECTS s ROADS s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s SCENARIOS s SF6 s SHADOW PRICE s SOLVENTS s SULFUR s SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE s SUPPLY OF ELECTRICITY s SUPPLY SIDE s SUSTAINABLE FOREST s SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT s THERMAL POWER s THERMAL POWER GENERATION s THERMAL POWER PLANTS s TOTAL EMISSIONS s TRAFFIC s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSMISSION LINE s TRANSMISSION LINES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT ACTIVITY s TRANSPORT EMISSIONS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORTATION s UNEP s URBAN RAIL s URBAN ROADS s VOLTAGE s WATER HEATER s WIND s WIND FARMS s WIND POWER s ZERO EMISSION pha English en_US This report builds on reviews of available methodologies, tools, and practices for greenhouse gas (GHG) analysis, and summarizes the outcomes of pilot studies. It discusses the issues and challenges associated with GHG analysis for energy, transport and forestry projects such as setting project boundaries and accounting for indirect emissions. To do this it draws on existing United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) methodologies, IPCC National GHG Inventories guidelines, the GEF and CDM/JI methodological frameworks, the GHG Protocol Initiative standards, World Bank Environment Department papers, and methodologies used by other international finance institutions. The outcome of fourteen pilots provides a rich and varied set of experiences in terms of approaches taken, and application of tools and methodologies. Assessing GHG emissions from investment operations is becoming common practice for mostmultilateral and bilateral institutions, and the international financial community in general. The existing methodologies and tools could be applicable to a significant majority of the investment lending portfolio in energy, transport, and forestry. The pilot studies served to generate interest from the clients as they were linked to investment lending operations 40 17-11-21 00:19:09.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874183 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18365 Volltext, Open Access

1759729620

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:32.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729620 OCoLC 1255602611 WBOKR 18368 EBP 064560120 KEP 064560120 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18368 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Gabon Public Expenditure Review Better Management of Public Finance to Achieve Millennium Development Goals World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Africa Gabon s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK s ADMINISTRATIVE BARRIERS s AGING s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s ALLOCATION s ALLOCATION OF EXPENDITURE s AMOUNT OF CREDITS s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL RATE s ANNUAL REPORT s AUDITORS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE SHEET s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIC SERVICES s BASIC SOCIAL SERVICES s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION s BUDGET LAW s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET PREPARATION s BUDGET STRUCTURE s BUDGET SURPLUS s BUDGET SURPLUSES s BUDGETARY ALLOCATION s BUDGETARY ALLOCATIONS s BUDGETARY DECISIONS s BUDGETARY EXPENDITURE s BUDGETARY EXPENDITURES s BUDGETARY POLICY s BUDGETARY RESOURCES s BUDGETARY REVENUES s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL BUDGET s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL SPENDING s CENTRAL BANK s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CLINICS s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s CORRUPTION s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s DEBT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT POLICY s DEBT SERVICING s DEBTS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION s DIGITAL ECONOMY s DISASTERS s DISBURSEMENT s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC ARREARS s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC MARKET s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s ECONOMIC REFORMS s EDUCATION BUDGET s EDUCATION PROGRAMS s EDUCATION SERVICES s EFFICIENCY GAINS s EFFICIENCY OF GOVERNMENT SPENDING s ELECTRICITY s EMPLOYMENT SITUATION s ENROLLMENT s EQUIPMENT s EVALUATION OF PROJECTS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTREME POVERTY s FINANCIAL AFFAIRS s FINANCIAL CONTROL s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SAVINGS s FINANCIAL YEARS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL REFORMS s FISCAL REVENUE s FISCAL SURPLUS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s GUARANTEE FUND s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE COSTS s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH PROGRAMS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPROVING BUDGET EXECUTION s INCOME LEVELS s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CRISIS s INTERVENTION s INVESTMENT ALLOCATION s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT EXPENDITURE s INVESTMENT INCOME s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT RATE s INVESTMENT SPENDING s JOB CREATION s LAWS s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOAN s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MARKETING s MASTER PLAN s MEDICINES s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORKS s MEDIUM-TERM FRAMEWORK s MINISTRY OF BUDGET s MINISTRY OF ECONOMY s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MORTALITY s MORTGAGE s NATIONAL AGENCY s NATIONAL DEBT s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL INCOME s NATIONAL PRIORITIES s NATURAL RESOURCES s OIL PRICES s OIL RESERVES s OIL RESOURCES s OPERATING EXPENDITURES s OPERATING EXPENSES s PAYMENT DELAYS s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRAM OBJECTIVES s PROGRAMS s PROVISIONS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ACCOUNTS s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC CONTRACTS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC TREASURY s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY CONTROL s RESERVES s RESIDENTIAL LOAN s RETURNS s ROAD CONSTRUCTION s SAFETY NET s SANITATION s SCHOLARSHIPS s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SECTOR BUDGETS s SECTOR PROGRAMS s SECTORAL ALLOCATIONS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s SOCIAL SECURITY s SPENDING LEVELS s STATE AUDIT OFFICE s STATE BUDGET s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TRANSPARENCY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s URBAN PLANNING s URBANIZATION s WORKERS English en_US Although Gabon has witnessed a significant decline in oil production over the last fifteen years, it still generates significant oil revenue which, due to its small population enables the country to have a per capita gross national income that is among the highest in Africa (8643 USD in 2010) and to be classified as an upper-middle income country. Despite this high level of wealth, the country is ranked 106th out of 187 countries in the Human Development Index of the United Nations (0.674 in 2011). Consequently, the major challenge for Gabon remains the effective use of its oil resources to diversify its economy, improve its basic social services and infrastructure, while accumulating financial savings that will enable the country to avoid sudden and sharp cuts in public spending once the oil resources have been used up. The Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (GPRSP) that covered the period from 2006 to 2008 targeted the reversal of the downward trend of the main development indicators and a significant improvement in the living conditions of the population. It was prepared using a consultative approach, based on the broad participation of civil society, and results-oriented, with the ultimate goal of achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It was structured around four strategy areas: (i) promoting strong, sustainable, high quality and pro-poor economic growth, (ii) significantly improving access of the entire population to basic social services, (iii) improving infrastructure, and (iv) promoting good governance. The analysis of budgetary expenditure in the priority sectors during the period 2006-08, shows that this expenditure was far below the envisaged envelopes. The achievement rates for road programs fluctuate between 0 percent and 55 percent. This may partly explain the slow progress towards achieving the millennium development goals (MDGs) 40 17-11-21 00:19:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874191 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18368 Volltext, Open Access

1759729639

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729639 OCoLC 1255602552 WBOKR 18366 EBP 064560112 KEP 064560112 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18366 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO A Guide for Local Benefit Sharing in Hydropower Projects Chaogang Wang VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Social Development Working Paper No. 128 s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s AFFECTED VILLAGES s AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY s AQUIFERS s BASIN COMMUNITIES s BENEFITS OF HYDROPOWER s CAPACITY BUILDING s CARBON s CATCHMENT AREAS s CLINICS s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY ASSETS s COMMUNITY CAPACITY s COMMUNITY CENTERS s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITY RELATIONS s COMMUNITY SCHOOLS s COMMUNITY SUPPORT s COMPOST s CONCESSION AGREEMENT s CONSULTATION s DAM s DAM CONSTRUCTION s DAM PROJECTS s DAM RESERVOIR s DAM SITES s DAMS s DECISION MAKING s DEGRADED FORESTS s DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROPOWER s DISTRICTS s DIVERSION DAM s DIVIDENDS s DOWNSTREAM AREAS s DOWNSTREAM ECOSYSTEMS s DOWNSTREAM IMPACTS s DOWNSTREAM USERS s DRINKING WATER s ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS s ECONOMIC BENEFITS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SITUATION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTS s EROSION CONTROL s FARMS s FEMALE s FISH s FISHING s FLOOD CONTROL s FLOOD PROTECTION s FORESTRY s FORESTS s FUNDING MECHANISMS s HABITAT s HABITATS s HEALTH CARE FACILITIES s HOSPITALS s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSES s HYDRO ENERGY s HYDRO PROJECTS s HYDROELECTRIC DAMS s HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY s HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT s HYDROPOWER s HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT s HYDROPOWER GENERATION s HYDROPOWER PLANT s HYDROPOWER PLANTS s HYDROPOWER PROJECT s HYDROPOWER PROJECTS s HYDROPOWER SCHEME s IMPACTS OF DAMS s IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES s INDIGENOUS PEOPLE s INDIGENOUS PEOPLES s INTEREST GROUPS s LABOR FORCE s LAND USE s LARGE RESERVOIRS s LARGE-SCALE INFRASTRUCTURE s LESSONS LEARNED s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL PEOPLE s LOCAL RESIDENTS s MIGRATORY SPECIES s MITIGATION MEASURES s NATIONAL GRID s NATIONAL POWER s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEW DAM s NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS s OPERATION OF DAMS s PLANTATIONS s PRIVATE PROPERTY s PROJECT APPRAISAL s PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION s PROJECT PREPARATION s PUMPS s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s RESERVOIR AREA s RESERVOIR FISHERIES s RESETTLEMENT s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RIPARIAN s RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS s RIVER s RIVER BANK s RIVER BANK EROSION s RIVER BANKS s RIVER BASIN s RIVER BASIN ORGANIZATIONS s RIVER CHANNEL s RIVER CHANNELS s RIVER HYDROPOWER s RIVER HYDROPOWER PLANT s RIVER PROJECTS s RIVER WATERSHED s ROLE OF HYDROPOWER s RURAL AREAS s RURAL VILLAGES s SHELTERS s SMALL HYDROPOWER s SOCIOECONOMIC STUDIES s STREAM s STREAMS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE RESOURCE USE s SUSTAINABLE USE s TRADITIONAL LEADERS s TRANSPARENCY s TREE PLANTATIONS s TURBINES s UPSTREAM AREA s UPSTREAM CATCHMENT AREA s URBAN WATER s VILLAGES s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WATER FLOW s WATER FLOWS s WATER LEVELS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT s WATER SUPPLY s WATERSHED MANAGEMENT s WELLS s WORK FORCE English en_US Local benefit sharing in hydropower projects can be defined as the systematic efforts by project proponents to sustainably benefit local communities affected by hydropower investments. Benefit sharing is a promising approach for implementing hydropower projects sustainably, and is emerging as a supplement to the requirements of compensation and mitigation. Benefit sharing can provide equitable development, sustainability, and smooth project implementation for hydropower development. For benefit sharing mechanisms to work, the key enabling conditions are government policies, the legal and regulatory framework, corporate social responsibility strategies of development companies, and the capacity of local communities. Stakeholder engagement is essential in initiating and designing benefit sharing programs. This guide provides some advice to task teams on how to design effective local benefit sharing mechanisms in hydropower projects. Benefit sharing arrangements would ensure that local communities have the opportunity to benefit directly from hydropower development, which will make hydropower projects more environmentally and socially sustainable. As a long-term arrangement, benefit sharing can facilitate local development. It can respond to unexpected environmental circumstances in the operation of dams to ensure local communities receive adequate benefits. Arrangements for the equitable sharing of benefits can offer scope for local communities and all other stakeholders to avoid conflicts and focus on creating synergies to maximize local development opportunities 40 17-11-21 00:19:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874205 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18366 Volltext, Open Access

1759729647

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729647 OCoLC 1255602570 WBOKR 18371 EBP 064560104 KEP 064560104 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18371 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Yemen Towards Deeper Trade Integration World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Yemen, Republic of s ACCORD s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURE s ALTERNATIVE INSTRUMENTS s APPLIED TARIFF s ARAB FREE TRADE AGREEMENT s ARBITRATION s AVERAGE TARIFFS s BENCHMARKS s BENEFITS OF TRADE s BILATERAL AGREEMENTS s BILATERAL TRADE s BRAIN DRAIN s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL GOODS s COLLECTED TARIFF s COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION s COMMON MARKET s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPETITIVENESS OF FIRMS s CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES s CONSUMER GOODS s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS ADMINISTRATION s CUSTOMS CLEARANCE s CUSTOMS CLEARANCE PROCEDURES s CUSTOMS OFFICIALS s CUSTOMS PROCEDURES s CUSTOMS UNION s CUSTOMS VALUATION s DEEPER TRADE INTEGRATION s DEPOSIT s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMIC SITUATION s ECONOMIC WELFARE s EQUIPMENT s ESCROW s EXCESS DEMAND s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT PRODUCTS s EXPORT SHARE s EXPORTERS s EXPORTING COUNTRIES s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL TARIFF s EXTERNAL TARIFF STRUCTURE s EXTERNAL TARIFFS s EXTERNAL TRADE s EXTERNAL TRADE POLICY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN OWNERSHIP s FREE ACCESS s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS s FREE ZONE s GDP s GLOBAL MARKETS s GLOBAL TRADE s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GROWTH RATE s HOST COUNTRIES s HOST COUNTRY s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPLEMENTATION OF COMMITMENTS s IMPORT DUTIES s IMPORT REGIME s IMPORT SHARE s IMPORT TARIFF s IMPORT VALUE s IMPORTED GOODS s IMPORTS s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS s INTERMEDIATE GOODS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT FLOWS s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTOR PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LEGAL REFORM s LEGAL REFORMS s LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE s LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE IN GOODS s LOCATIONAL ADVANTAGES s LOW TARIFFS s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET ACCESS OPPORTUNITIES s MARKET REQUIREMENTS s MULTILATERAL APPROACH s MUTUAL RECOGNITION s NATURAL RESOURCES s OPEN TRADE s OPEN TRADE REGIME s OPENNESS s PATENTS s PATTERN OF TRADE s POTENTIAL BENEFITS s PREFERENTIAL ACCESS s PREFERENTIAL BASIS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PROCESS OF CONVERGENCE s PROTECTIVE TARIFFS s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s REGIONAL TRADE s REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS s REGIONAL TRADE INTEGRATION s REGULATORY POLICIES s REMITTANCES s RETURN s RULES OF ORIGIN s SAFETY NET s SERVICE SECTOR REGULATION s SKILLED LABOR s STOCKS s TARIFF LINES s TARIFF RATE s TARIFF REDUCTION s TARIFF REDUCTIONS s TARIFF REFORM s TARIFF REVENUE s TARIFF REVENUES s TAX s TAX REVENUE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOURISM s TRADE AGREEMENT s TRADE AGREEMENTS s TRADE COMMUNITY s TRADE COSTS s TRADE DIVERSION s TRADE DIVERSION COSTS s TRADE EXPANSION s TRADE FLOWS s TRADE LAWS s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE POLICIES s TRADE POLICY s TRADE POLICY REFORMS s TRADE PROTECTION s TRADE REFORMS s TRADE REGIME s TRADE STRATEGY s TRADING s TRANSACTIONS COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNILATERAL TRADE s UNILATERAL TRADE POLICY s VALUE ADDED s VALUE OF EXPORTS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WAGES s WEALTH s WELFARE LOSSES s WORLD PRICES s WTO English en_US This note sketches a possible strategy for Yemen to deepen integration with the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). It advocates that Yemen put priority on such integration as a complement to its ongoing effort to accede to the WTO, and pause temporarily the implementation of the free trade agreement with Arab League signatories of the Greater Arab free Trade Agreement. As there is no standard set of GCC accession requirements, closer integration with the GCC will require development of specific action plans for the various policy areas covered by the GCC that identify specific measures to be undertaken by Yemen and GCC partners to realize the potential benefits of cooperation 40 17-11-21 00:19:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874213 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18371 Volltext, Open Access

1759729655

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729655 OCoLC 1255602581 WBOKR 18370 EBP 064560090 KEP 064560090 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18370 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO ICT Indicators and Implications for Methods for Assessing Socioeconomic Impact of ICT World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS TARIFFS s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGY s ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGY s ADULT LITERACY s AFFORDABLE ACCESS s APPLICATION OF INFORMATION s ARCHIVE s ARRANGEMENTS s ARTICLES s BANDWIDTH s BENCHMARK s BEST PRACTICE s BIBLIOGRAPHY s BROADBAND s BROADBAND CONNECTIONS s BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY s BROADCASTING s BUSINESS ACTIVITY s BUSINESS ADOPTION s BUSINESS CLIMATE s BUSINESS SECTOR s BUSINESS VALUE s BUSINESSES s BUYER s CAPABILITIES s CAPABILITY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CELLULAR PHONES s CENSORSHIP s CLASSIFICATION s CLASSIFYING s CLUSTERING s COMMON DENOMINATOR s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPUTERS s CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK s CONNECTIVITY s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONTENTS s CPI s CREDIT CARD s DATA ENTRY s DATA MANIPULATION s DATA STORAGE s DESCRIPTION s DIGITAL ACCESS s DIGITAL BUSINESS s DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT s DIGITAL DIVIDE s DIGITAL OPPORTUNITY s DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT s DIGITAL SERVICE s DIGITAL SERVICES s DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES s DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY s DOI s DSL s E-BUSINESS s E-BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s E-BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s E-COMMERCE s E-DOCUMENTS s E-GOVERNMENT s E-LEARNING s E-MAIL s E-PAYMENT s E-READINESS s E-READINESS INDEX s E-READINESS RANKING s E-READINESS RANKINGS s E-STRATEGIES s E-STRATEGY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EGOVERNMENT s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENVIRONMENTS s ESP s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN TRADE s FUNCTIONALITIES s FUNCTIONALITY s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT SERVICES s HARD COPY s HARMONIZATION s HEALTH CARE WORKERS s HOME PAGE s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN RESOURCES s ICT s ID s INDEXES s INDICES s INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s INFORMATION ECONOMIES s INFORMATION SERVICES s INFORMATION SOCIETY s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INNOVATION s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION s INTERFACE s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION s INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNET ACCESS s INTERNET BANDWIDTH s INTERNET COMMERCE s INTERNET HOSTS s INTERNET SECURITY s INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER s INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS s INTERNET SERVICES s INTERNET USE s IP s ISP s ISPS s IT COMPANIES s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s KNOWLEDGE FOR DEVELOPMENT s LABOR FORCE s LEGAL ENVIRONMENT s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LEGAL SYSTEMS s LICENSE s LICENSE FEE s LICENSE FEES s LICENSES s LICENSING s LITERACY RATE s LOGIC s MARKET OPPORTUNITIES s MATERIAL s METADATA s MOBILE NETWORKS s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE PHONES s MULTIMEDIA s NETWORKS s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s NEW TECHNOLOGY s ONLINE COMMERCE s ONLINE OPERATIONS s ONLINE PUBLIC SERVICES s ONLINE SERVICES s PATENTS s PC s PCS s PERSONAL COMPUTERS s POLICY MAKERS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT s PRODUCERS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROTOCOL s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s QUALITY OF SERVICE s REGISTRY s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s RELATIVE VALUE s RESULT s RESULTS s SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH s SERVERS s SERVICES TO CITIZENS s SITES s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SKILLS s TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT s TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS s TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE s TECHNOLOGY INITIATIVES s TELECOM s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELEMEDICINE s TELEPHONE s TELEPHONE CONNECTION s TELEPHONE LINES s TELEPHONES s TELEPHONY s TELEVISIONS s TEXT s UNIQUE VISITORS s USER s USERS s USES s VALUE CHAIN s VIDEO s WAP s WEB s WEB SITE s WEBSITE s WEBSITES s WIFI s WIRELESS APPLICATION PROTOCOL English en_US This report is being delivered pursuant to the agreement (Agreement) between the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology of the Arab Republic of Egypt (MCIT) and the World Bank (Bank) for the provision by the Bank of technical assistance (RTA) to MCIT and certain of its affiliates. One of those affiliates is the Information Technology Industry Development Authority (ITIDA). When it comes to designing and implementing ICT policies, the availability of proper indicators is key to efficiency and effectiveness. However, the indicators should go further, and should help policymakers also to measure how well the sector or projects are performing, provide an assessment over time on the status of a project, program, or policy, promote credibility and public confidence by reporting on the results of programs, provide in-depth information about public sector performance, help formulate and justify budget requests, and identify potentially promising programs or practices for duplication or scalability. Thus, this report is composed of the following sections: (i) a discussion of indicator types, in particular impact indicators and their constraints; (ii) an overview of the institutional setup of ICT data in Egypt; (iii) ICT data categories and methodologies used by major international indices and reports, including an analysis of Egypt's strong and weak results in the indices; (iv) a mapping and gap analysis between the indices' indicators and those currently collected by Egypt; (v) a set of recommendations for Egypt and (vi) implications of this work with respect to analyzing the socioeconomic impact of ICTs on investment, trade, growth and education in Egypt 40 17-11-21 00:19:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874221 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18370 Volltext, Open Access

1759729663

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729663 OCoLC 1255602530 WBOKR 18372 EBP 064560082 KEP 064560082 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18372 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Mortgage Liquidity Facilities Olivier Hassler VerfasserIn aut Simon Walley VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK s ACTIVE MARKET s AFFORDABLE HOUSING s ARBITRAGE s ASSET LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s AUDITS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK LOAN s BANK SYSTEM s BANKING INSTITUTION s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY LAW s BASIS POINTS s BENCHMARK BONDS s BOND s BOND INVESTORS s BOND ISSUANCE s BOND ISSUANCES s BOND ISSUES s BOND MARKET s BOND MARKETS s BONDS s BRANCH NETWORK s BULLET REPAYMENT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET FUNDING s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL RATIOS s CAPITALIZATION s CASE OF BANKRUPTCY s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s CHECKS s COLLATERAL s COLLATERALIZATION s COLLATERALS s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMUNITY INVESTMENT s CONFIDENTIALITY s CONFLICT OF INTERESTS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s COST OF FUND s COST OF FUNDS s COVER POOL s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT BUREAUS s CREDIT ENHANCEMENT s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT UNIONS s CREDITS s CRITICAL MASS s DEBT ISSUANCE s DEBT OBLIGATIONS s DEFERRED PAYMENT s DEPENDENT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSIT INSURANCE FUND s DEPOSITS s DISBURSEMENT s DISCOUNT RATE s DIVIDENDS s DOWN PAYMENTS s DUE DILIGENCE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUITY HOLDER s EXPOSURE s FINANCE PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FIXED INCOME s FIXED INCOME MARKET s FIXED RATE s FIXED RATES s FLOATING RATE s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK s GENERAL BANKRUPTCY s GENERAL BANKRUPTCY LAW s GENERAL DEBT s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT BACKING s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEBT MARKET s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s HOLDING s HOME LOAN s HOME LOANS s HOME OWNERSHIP s HOUSING FINANCE s HOUSING LOAN s HOUSING LOANS s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSOLVENCY s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATES s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT INCOME s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s ISSUANCE OF BONDS s ISSUANCES s JUDICIARY s LENDER s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LENDERS s LENDING REQUIREMENTS s LIABILITY s LIABILITY SIDE s LIEN s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY CRISIS s LIQUIDITY FACILITIES s LIQUIDITY FACILITY s LIQUIDITY RISK s LIQUIDITY RISKS s LIQUIDITY SUPPORT s LOAN s LOAN MATURITIES s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOCAL BOND MARKET s LOCAL CURRENCY s LONG TERM ASSETS s LONG TERM LIABILITIES s MANDATE s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET DISTORTION s MARKET DISTORTIONS s MARKET FAILURE s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET PRACTICES s MARKET SHARE s MARKET VALUE s MARKETABLE BONDS s MATURE MARKETS s MATURITY s MATURITY MISMATCH s MATURITY TRANSFORMATION s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE BANKS s MORTGAGE INTEREST s MORTGAGE INTEREST RATES s MORTGAGE LENDING s MORTGAGE LOANS s MORTGAGE MARKET s MORTGAGE MARKETS s MORTGAGE PORTFOLIO s MORTGAGE PORTFOLIOS s MORTGAGES s NATIONAL BANK s OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY s OWNERSHIP RIGHTS s OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO OF LOANS s PORTFOLIO OF MORTGAGES s PORTFOLIOS s POTENTIAL BORROWERS s PREPAYMENT s PREPAYMENTS s PRIMARY LENDERS s PRIMARY MARKET s PRIVATE EQUITY s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PROFIT MARGIN s PROMISSORY NOTES s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s REAL ESTATE s REGISTRATION SYSTEMS s REGULATOR s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPOSSESSION s RESIDENTIAL MORTGAGE s RETURN s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK PROFILE s RISK WEIGHTING s SAVINGS s SAVINGS BANKS s SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS s SECONDARY MORTGAGE s SECONDARY MORTGAGE MARKET s SECONDARY MORTGAGE MARKETS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES REGULATION s SECURITY INTEREST s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT SYSTEMS s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDERS s SMALL LENDERS s SYSTEMIC RISK s TAX s TAX FRAMEWORK s TAX TREATMENTS s TERM DEPOSITS s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTIONS COSTS s TRANSFER OWNERSHIP s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER s UNDERLYING ASSETS s UNDERLYING MORTGAGE s UNDERLYING MORTGAGES s UNSECURED BONDS s VALUATION s YIELD CURVE English en_US This note brings together some of the policy lessons learnt in the creation of mortgage liquidity facilities around the world. It looks at the main benefits which can be derived from the creation of a mortgage liquidity facility and the conditions under which they can operate most effectively. The note details some of the pre-conditions necessary for the creation of a liquidity facility. There is summary of some of the key techniques used in obtaining security over the mortgage collateral. Lastly two important aspects which are crucial to building confidence in mortgage liquidity facilities are how they are regulated and their corporate governance. The note brings in relevant examples from liquidity facilities which have been set up as far back as 1987 (Malaysia), from developed countries (France) and from facilities still under discussion (West Africa). Overall the note points to the valuable developmental role that mortgage liquidity facilities can play in nascent mortgage markets as an intermediary between capital markets in the primary mortgage markets. This is especially the case in markets where the mortgage lending infra-structure and environment have not developed sufficiently to allow for other more sophisticated alternatives such as securitization or covered bonds 40 17-11-21 00:19:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987423X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18372 Volltext, Open Access

1759729671

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729671 OCoLC 1255602631 WBOKR 18373 EBP 064560074 KEP 064560074 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18373 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Nicaragua Energy Sector Policy Note, Executive Summary World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Nicaragua s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s APPROACH s ASSETS s AVAILABILITY s AVERAGE PRICE s AVERAGE PRICES s AVERAGE TARIFF s BALANCE s BARRELS PER DAY s BENCHMARKING s BIDDING s BIDDING PROCESS s BIOMASS s CAPITAL COSTS s CAPITALIZATION s CASH FLOW s COAL s COGENERATION s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COMPETITIVENESS s CONCESSION s CONCESSIONS s CONSUMER PRICES s CONSUMERS s CONTRACT CONDITIONS s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s COST OF ENERGY s CRUDE OIL s CRUDE PRODUCTION s DEBT s DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS s DIESEL s DIESEL GENERATORS s DIESEL OIL s DISCOUNT RATE s DISTRIBUTION ASSETS s DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES s DISTRIBUTION INVESTMENTS s DISTRIBUTION LOSSES s DISTRIBUTION MARGIN s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DISTRIBUTION PRICES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC VIABILITY s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY LAW s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY PRICING s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY REGULATOR s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s END USERS s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY LOSSES s ENERGY PRICE s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY PRODUCTION s ENERGY PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS s ENERGY SALES s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY USE s ETHANOL s EUCALYPTUS PLANTATIONS s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FUEL s FUEL OIL s FUEL PRICES s FUELS s GAS TURBINES s GASIFICATION s GASIFICATION PLANT s GENERATING CAPACITY s GENERATION s GENERATION ASSETS s GENERATION CAPACITY s GENERATION COSTS s GENERATION MARKET s GENERATION PRICE s GEOTHERMAL CAPACITY s GEOTHERMAL PLANT s GEOTHERMAL PLANTS s GEOTHERMAL POWER s GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT s GEOTHERMAL PROJECTS s GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR s GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES s HYDROCARBONS s HYDROPOWER s IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY s INCOME s INDEXATION s INDUSTRIAL PRICES s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s LARGE CUSTOMERS s LIQUIDITY s LNG s LNG TERMINAL s MARGINAL COST s MARGINAL COST OF PRODUCTION s MARKET INCENTIVES s MARKET PRICE s MARKET PRICES s MARKET RULES s MARKET STRUCTURE s MARKET VALUE s MARKETING s MONOPOLY s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS RESOURCES s NET INCOME s OIL s OIL DEMAND s OIL ENERGY s OIL EXPLORATION s OIL IMPORTS s OIL INDUSTRY s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OIL PRODUCTS s OPPORTUNISTIC BEHAVIOR s PEAK DEMAND s PEAK LOAD s PEAK LOADS s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM GAS s POOR CONSUMERS s POWER s POWER COMPANY s POWER PLANTS s POWER PRODUCTION s POWER SECTOR s POWER SECTOR REFORM s POWER STATIONS s POWER SYSTEM s PRICE CONTROL s PRICE FLUCTUATIONS s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE OF OIL s PRICE POLICY s PRICING PRINCIPLES s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT s PRIVATIZATION PROCESS s PRODUCTION COSTS s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC POWER s PUBLIC SECTOR s PURCHASE PRICE s PURCHASING s REFERENCE PRICES s REFINED PRODUCTS s REGULAR GASOLINE s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE RESOURCE s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESIDENTIAL PRICES s RETAIL s ROUTES s RURAL ELECTRIFICATION s SALE s SALES s SPOT MARKET s SPOT PRICE s STORAGE CAPACITY s SUBSIDIZATION s SUGARCANE s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY COSTS s TARIFF ADJUSTMENT s TARIFF ADJUSTMENTS s TARIFF CHANGES s TARIFF REFORMS s TARIFF STRUCTURE s THERMAL CAPACITY s THERMAL PLANTS s THERMAL POWER s THERMAL POWER PLANTS s TRADE BALANCE s TRANSMISSION LINES s TRANSMISSION SYSTEM s UNDERLYING PROBLEMS s VALUE ADDED s VARIABLE COSTS s VOLATILITY s VOLTAGE s WHOLESALE MARKET s WHOLESALE PRICES English en_US The increase in oil prices has created a growing economic pressure in Nicaragua. The electric power industry, especially, has generated controversy, because electricity prices have not kept pace with the costs of production. The situation at the beginning of 2006 was clearly unsustainable, and the entry of a new government provided an opportunity to refresh the vision of the sector, and address the problems. The objective of this note is to provide a balanced approach, taking into account both the short-term and long-term prospects of the sector, together with the lessons learned in similar situations. The questions facing the sector relate to its financial situation, the legal framework, the patterns of use of energy in Nicaragua, access and coverage of electric power, and its fiscal impact. Possibly the most important recommendation is to attenuate the disagreements with the government and seek areas of cooperation to improve the conditions of service. This should involve a quantification of the financial losses, and an operational audit to determine the status of implementation of their obligations to agents, investors, and customers 40 17-11-21 00:19:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874248 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18373 Volltext, Open Access

175972968X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972968X OCoLC 1255602542 WBOKR 18364 EBP 064560066 KEP 064560066 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18364 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Feedback Matters Designing Effective Grievance Redress Mechanisms for Bank-Financed Projects, Part 2. The Practice of Grievance Redress Sanjay Agarwal VerfasserIn aut David Post VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGY s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACTION PLAN s ANTICORRUPTION s BACK OFFICE s BASIC s BEST PRACTICE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COLLABORATION s COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY MEMBERS s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMPLAINT s COMPLAINTS s CORRUPTION s CUSTOMER SERVICE s DATABASE DESIGN s DECISION MAKING s DEDICATED PHONE s DISCUSSIONS s DISTRICTS s E-MAIL s E-MAIL ADDRESS s ENGINEER s ENGINEERS s FRAUD s FREEDOM OF INFORMATION s FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT OFFICES s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s HARD COPIES s HUMAN RESOURCE s ID s IDEAS s IDENTIFICATION NUMBER s INSIGHTS s INTEGRATION s INTEGRITY s INTERNAL PROCESSES s INVESTIGATION s INVESTIGATIONS s JAVA s JUDICIAL SYSTEMS s KIOSKS s LAWS s LEARNING s MATERIAL s MESSAGING s MOBILE PHONES s OPERATING ENVIRONMENT s OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY s ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE s PHONE NUMBER s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PUBLISHING s RADIO s REAL-TIME ACCESS s RESETTLEMENT s RESULT s RESULTS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SERVICES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELEPHONE s TRANSPARENCY s USER s USER GROUPS s USERS s USES s VALUE CHAIN s VARIETY s VERIFICATION s VILLAGE LEVEL s WEB s WEBSITE s WEBSITES English en_US This note aims to provide project teams with a better understanding of grievance redress mechanisms (GRMs) so that they can help borrowers design GRMs that effectively collect and respond to stakeholders inquiries, suggestions, concerns, and complaints. Grievance redress systems can be designed to function at the project, sector, and country levels; this note focuses primarily on the project level. The GRM framework presented here is equally applicable to both basic grievance redress systems and those that are oriented to advanced information technology 40 17-11-21 00:19:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874256 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18364 Volltext, Open Access

1759729698

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729698 OCoLC 1255602606 WBOKR 18367 EBP 064560058 KEP 064560058 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18367 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Hospital Sector Reform in Uzbekistan A Policy Note Loraine Hawkins VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Uzbekistan s ABILITY TO PAY s AGED s ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE s AMBULANCE s ANCILLARY SERVICES s ARTHRITIS s BABIES s BLOOD SAFETY s BLOOD TRANSFUSION s CANCERS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CARDIOLOGY s CASE MANAGEMENT s CHILD HEALTH s CHRONIC CONDITIONS s CHRONIC DISEASE s CHRONIC ILLNESS s CITIES s CLINICAL CARE s CLINICAL MANAGEMENT s CLINICAL PRACTICE s CLINICAL PRACTICES s CLINICAL SERVICES s CLINICAL STAFF s CLINICIANS s CLINICS s COMMUNICABLE DISEASE s COMMUNICABLE DISEASES s COMMUNITY HOSPITALS s DEFICIENCY DISEASES s DEPENDANTS s DEVELOPMENT OF POLICIES s DIABETES s DIAGNOSIS s DIAGNOSTIC TESTS s DISABILITY s DISEASE s DISEASE MANAGEMENT s DISEASE PREVENTION s DISPENSARIES s DISSEMINATION s DOCTORS s DRUG SUPPLY s ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS s ELDERLY s ELDERLY PEOPLE s EMERGENCY CARE s EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE s EMERGENCY SERVICES s ENDOCRINOLOGY s ESSENTIAL DRUGS s EXPENDITURES s FEASIBILITY STUDIES s FEES FOR SERVICE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCING POLICIES s FREE CARE s HEALTH AUTHORITIES s HEALTH CARE COSTS s HEALTH CARE OUTCOMES s HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS s HEALTH CARE SYSTEM s HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH FINANCING s HEALTH INFORMATION s HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH MANAGEMENT s HEALTH PLANNING s HEALTH PROMOTION s HEALTH REFORM s HEALTH REFORMS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICE s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SYSTEM s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HEALTHCARE s HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS s HEART DISEASE s HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE s HIV/AIDS s HOSPITAL s HOSPITAL ADMISSION s HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS s HOSPITAL AUTHORITIES s HOSPITAL AUTONOMY s HOSPITAL BEDS s HOSPITAL CAPACITY s HOSPITAL CARE s HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT s HOSPITAL MANAGERS s HOSPITAL REGULATION s HOSPITAL SERVICES s HOSPITAL STAFF s HOSPITAL SYSTEMS s HOSPITAL TREATMENT s HOSPITAL WARDS s HOSPITALS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s ILLNESS s INCENTIVE SCHEMES s INCOME s INFECTION s INFECTIOUS DISEASES s INPATIENT ADMISSION s INPATIENT ADMISSIONS s INPATIENT CARE s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONALIZATION s INTEGRATION s INTERVENTION s IODINE DEFICIENCY s LABORATORY TESTING s LACK OF DEVELOPMENT s LOCAL POPULATION s MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH s MATERNITY HOSPITALS s MEDICAL ASSISTANCE s MEDICAL CENTER s MEDICAL EQUIPMENT s MEDICAL PRACTICE s MEDICAL STAFF s MEDICINES s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MODERNIZATION s MORTALITY s NATIONAL LEVEL s NURSE s NURSES s NURSING s NURSING HOMES s NUTRITION s OBSTETRIC CARE s OBSTETRIC SERVICES s OBSTETRICS s OLDER PEOPLE s OPHTHALMOLOGY s PATIENT s PATIENT CHOICE s PATIENT SATISFACTION s PATIENTS s PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES s PHARMACEUTICALS s PHARMACIES s PHYSICIANS s POPULATION GROUPS s PRESCRIPTIONS s PRESIDENTIAL DECREE s PREVALENCE s PRIMARY CARE s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIVATE PHARMACIES s PROGRESS s PROSTATE s PROVIDER PAYMENT s PSYCHIATRY s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HOSPITALS s PUBLIC SERVICES s PURCHASING POWER s QUALITY CONTROL s QUALITY IMPROVEMENT s QUALITY OF SERVICES s QUALITY SERVICES s REAGENTS s REFERRAL SYSTEM s REFERRAL SYSTEMS s REHABILITATION s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE USE s RESPIRATORY DISEASE s RISK OF DEATH s ROOMS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL HOSPITALS s SAFETY NET s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE QUALITY s SOCIAL ISSUES s SPORTS MEDICINE s SURGERY s TB s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TERTIARY LEVEL s TREATMENT SERVICES s TUBERCULOSIS s UNIONS s USER FEES s VISITS s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WAR s WASTE pha English en_US Since the mid-1990s, Uzbekistan has undergone reforms in the health sector focused on restructuring of primary health care in Uzbekistan as well as the establishment of an emergency medical care network. Reform and development initiatives in at secondary and tertiary care level have been limited to gradual downsizing of sub-national hospitals, with the exception of the emergency medical care network, and expansion of Republican specialized tertiary centers. Recent years have seen increases in out-of-pocket payments (both official and informal) for hospital and other health services, which now present a barrier to accessing health services and pharmaceuticals for some patients. The Ministry of Health (MOH) is implementing a program of development of new standards for diagnostic/curative services at each level of care that are intended to modernize practice and increase quality and efficiency. Twenty disease areas have been covered to date. Standards for equipment requirements at each level are also being defined. The Ministry now faces the challenge of developing a strategy to changing clinical and managerial practice in hospitals to bring them into line with the new standards. Uzbekistan has a large and fragmented network of hospitals and specialist clinics, characterized by multiple vertical programs and many single-specialty facilities. There is lack of clarity regarding the specific roles and linkages between the numerous hospitals and specialized care facilities. The Government has pursued a policy of increases in official user fees or "self-financing", alongside offsetting reductions in budget provision for non-salary operating costs in Republican hospitals and many Oblast hospitals in recent years. City and oblast hospitals have self-financing beds. User fees are projected to amount to an average of 18 percent of revenue in 2008 for oblast hospitals (compared to an average of 1.4 percent in 2000). Republican Specialist Centers (tertiary level hospitals) now obtain up to around 65 percent of revenue from user fees, and have a target of 80 percent. By contrast, rayon hospitals collect little user revenue (projected to be a little under 1percent in 2008, a level that is approximately unchanged since 2000). Budget funds for oblast hospital now cover little more than the costs of staff salaries and benefits, following budget reductions that offset increases in user fees 40 17-11-21 00:19:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874264 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18367 Volltext, Open Access

1759729701

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729701 OCoLC 1255600954 WBOKR 18369 EBP 06456004X KEP 06456004X 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18369 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Carbon Livelihoods Social Opportunities and Risks of Carbon Finance World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource s ACCOUNTING s AFFORESTATION s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s ATMOSPHERE s BIOGAS s BIOMASS s BIOMASS ENERGY s CALCULATION s CAPITALS s CARBON s CARBON ABATEMENT s CARBON CREDIT s CARBON CREDITS s CARBON ECONOMY s CARBON FINANCE s CARBON FINANCE OPERATIONS s CARBON FINANCING s CARBON FORESTRY s CARBON FUND s CARBON FUNDS s CARBON MARKET s CARBON MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CARBON MARKETS s CARBON MONITORING s CARBON OFFSET s CARBON PAYMENT s CARBON PAYMENTS s CARBON PRICES s CARBON PROJECT s CARBON PROJECTS s CARBON REVENUES s CARBON SEQUESTRATION s CARBON TRADING s CERTIFIED EMISSION REDUCTIONS s CLEAN DEVELOPMENT s CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM s CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM FACILITY s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CO s CO2 s COAL s COAL MINE s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY GROUPS s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK s COST EFFECTIVENESS s COST SAVINGS s DECISION MAKING s DEGRADED LANDS s DESCRIPTION s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DIESEL s DISCOUNT RATES s DNA s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMICS s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s ECOSYSTEM s EFFICIENT LIGHTING s ELECTRICITY s EMISSION REDUCTION COMMITMENTS s EMISSION REDUCTION PURCHASE AGREEMENTS s EMISSION REDUCTIONS s EMISSIONS CREDITS s EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION s EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE s EMPIRICAL STUDIES s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY s ETHNIC GROUPS s ETHNIC MINORITIES s FACTORING s FINANCIAL STRUCTURE s FIXED COSTS s FOREST s FOREST CARBON s FOREST CONSERVATION s FOREST MANAGEMENT s FOREST PRODUCTS s FOREST PROTECTION s FOREST · LAND s FORESTRY s FORESTRY ACTIVITIES s FORESTRY PROJECTS s FORESTRY SYSTEMS s FORESTS s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUEL USE s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FUEL SWITCH s GAS CAPTURE s GAS RECOVERY s GENDER s GHG s GHGS s GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE s GOLD s GREEN HOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION REDUCTION s GREENHOUSE GASES s GRID CONNECTION s HABITATS s HEALTH SERVICES s HFCS s HIGH QUALITY CARBON s HOSPITALS s HOUSEHOLD ENERGY s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s INDIGENOUS PEOPLES s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL EMISSIONS s LAND SPECULATION s LAND TENURE s LAND USE s LAND USE CHANGE s LAND USE SECTOR s LANDFILL s LANDFILL GAS s LANDFILLS s LAWS s LEASING s LENDING INSTITUTIONS s LOCAL ENTERPRISES s LOCAL ENVIRONMENT s MARKET MECHANISM s METHANE s METHANE CAPTURE s MICRO HYDRO s MOBILITY s MULTIPLIERS s NATURAL CAPITAL s NEGATIVE IMPACTS s OFFSET PROJECT s OFFSET PROJECTS s OIL s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s PLANTATIONS s PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS s POWER SUPPLY s PRESENT VALUE s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC GOOD s QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS s REDUCING EMISSIONS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RESETTLEMENT s SAFETY s SOIL CARBON s SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS s SPATIAL PLANNING s STREAMS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TIMBER s TRADABLE EMISSIONS s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPORT s UNEP s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WATER QUALITY s WIND s WIND POWER English en_US Global concerns about climate change have led to the development of new market based mechanisms aimed at reducing the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere. These carbon trading schemes enable countries or entities within countries to trade 'carbon credits' in order to increase the economic efficiency of transitioning to a low carbon economy. A sub-set of these markets involve the generation of carbon credits from projects that reduce GHG emissions or increase GHG removals in developing countries. The paper first gives an overview of what carbon offset projects are and how they can be classified, as this is considered essential for understanding how the project type links to impacts. It then briefly reviews the evidence on livelihood impacts, including the approaches that have been used in determining livelihood impacts. A simple conceptual framework that is applicable to all project types is presented in section four. In section five, the World Bank portfolio is described, and in sections six and seven, evidence for the impacts on livelihood outcomes is discussed with reference to the portfolio. Sections eight and nine provide conclusions and recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:19:10.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874272 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18369 Volltext, Open Access

175972971X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972971X OCoLC 1255602646 WBOKR 18243 EBP 064560031 KEP 064560031 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18243 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Understanding the Impact of Climate Change on Hydropower The Case of Cameroon Johan Grijsen VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Cameroon s ANNUAL MEAN TEMPERATURE s ANNUAL PRECIPITATION s ANNUAL RUNOFF s ARID REGIONS s ASSESSING CLIMATE CHANGE s ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE s ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS s ATLANTIC OCEAN s AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL s BASINS s CATCHMENT s CATCHMENT AREA s CATCHMENT AREAS s CATCHMENTS s CHANGE IN PRECIPITATION s CHANGES IN PRECIPITATION s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE ASSESSMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE PROJECTIONS s CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIO s CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS s CLIMATE CHANGES s CLIMATE CONDITIONS s CLIMATE DATA s CLIMATE DATABASE s CLIMATE EVENTS s CLIMATE EXPERTS s CLIMATE HAZARDS s CLIMATE INFORMATION s CLIMATE MODEL s CLIMATE MODELS s CLIMATE PROJECTIONS s CLIMATE RESEARCH s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s CLIMATE RESPONSE s CLIMATE RISK s CLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENT s CLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENTS s CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT s CLIMATE RISKS s CLIMATE SCIENTISTS s CLIMATE SENSITIVITY s CLIMATE TRENDS s CLIMATE VARIABILITY s CLIMATE VARIABLE s CLIMATE VARIABLES s CLIMATE VARIATION s CLIMATE ZONES s CLIMATES s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s CLIMATIC DATA s CLIMATIC INPUT s CLIMATIC PARAMETERS s CLIMATIC REGIMES s CLIMATIC REGIONS s CLIMATIC RESEARCH s CLIMATOLOGY s CLOUD COVER s CONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE CHANGE s CRU s DAMS s DECREASE IN RAINFALL s DROUGHT s DRY SEASON s ECOLOGICAL ZONES s EDC s ELECTRICITY s EMISSION s EMISSION SCENARIO s EMISSION SCENARIOS s ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE s ENERGY PRODUCTION s EQUATORIAL CLIMATE s EVAPORATION s EVAPOTRANSPIRATION s FLOOD s FLOODING s FOREST s FROST s FUTURE CLIMATE CHANGE s FUTURE CLIMATE CHANGES s FUTURE CLIMATE SCENARIOS s FUTURE RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s GAS s GCM s GENERATION CAPACITY s GHG s GLOBAL CLIMATE s GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL s GLOBAL RUNOFF DATA s GWP s HISTORIC CLIMATE DATA s HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS s HYDROLOGICAL DATA s HYDROLOGICAL MODEL s HYDROLOGICAL MODELS s HYDROLOGY s IMPACT OF CLIMATE s IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPOUNDMENT s INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE s IPCC s IRRIGATION s LONG-TERM CLIMATE CHANGE s MEAN TEMPERATURE s METEOROLOGICAL DATA s METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS s MINIMUM TEMPERATURES s PET s POWER PLANTS s PRECIPITATION s PRESSURE s RAINFALL s RAINFALL DATA s RAINY SEASON s RAINY SEASONS s REGIONAL CLIMATE s REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL s RESERVOIRS s RESPONSE TO CLIMATE CHANGE s RIVERS s RUNOFF s SEASON s SEASONAL CLIMATE s STORAGE CAPACITY s STREAMFLOW s TEMPERATURE s TEMPERATURE CHANGES s TEMPERATURE DATA s TEMPERATURE INCREASE s TEMPERATURE RANGE s TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY s TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS s TEMPERATURES s TEMPORAL SCALES s TROPICAL CLIMATE s UNCERTAINTY IN CLIMATE CHANGE PROJECTIONS s UNCERTAINTY IN CLIMATE PROJECTIONS s WARMER TEMPERATURES s WATER REQUIREMENTS s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES PLANNING s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SYSTEM s WATER USE s WATERSHED s WEATHER s WEATHER STATIONS s WINDS English en_US The Africa energy unit (AFTEG) of the World Bank has obtained financing from the trust fund for environmentally and socially sustainable development (TFESSD) funded by Finland and Norway for work towards understanding the impact of climate change on hydropower: the case of Cameroon. The development objective of this activity is: (i) to develop tools for assessing climate change impacts on the operation of hydraulic infrastructure such as regulating dams and hydropower plants in the Sanaga river basin, and (ii) to take steps towards an institutional framework for climate resilient water resources management in Cameroon. The aim of this initiative is to build resilience to climate risks into water management in general and hydropower development in Cameroon in particular. The study includes three components: (i) develop suitable climate change scenarios for the Sanaga basin, support the electricity development corporation (EDC) of Cameroon to develop a reliable hydrological model for the Sanaga river basin, and derive climate change impacts on the potential generation capacity in the Sanaga basin in the context of changing hydrology; (ii) assess the impact of climate change on the future operation of Lom Pangar dam and three other regulating dams in the Sanaga basin and support the establishment of an operational regime of hydraulic infrastructures in the Sanaga river basin, in a consultative manner with water users and taking into account equitable sharing of resources between users and environmental flows; and (iii) assess future impacts of climate change on water resources availability and management in Cameroon. This assessment also aims to provide an analytical base for increased dialogue on climate variability and change and on integrated management of water resources in Cameroon. The assessment will identify information and knowledge gaps and priorities for future studies and activities 40 17-11-21 00:19:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874280 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18243 Volltext, Open Access

1759729728

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729728 OCoLC 1255602639 WBOKR 18245 EBP 064560023 KEP 064560023 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18245 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Vietnam Urban Wastewater Review World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACTIVATED SLUDGE s ACTIVATED SLUDGE TREATMENT s AGRICULTURAL WASTES s AMMONIA REMOVAL s ANAEROBIC FILTERS s AQUACULTURE s AUGMENTATION s BENEFITS OF SANITATION s BIOGAS s BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT s BOD s BROAD RANGE s CATCHMENT s CATCHMENT AREA s CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND s COD s COLLECTION SYSTEMS s COMBINED SEWER OVERFLOW s COMBINED SEWER SYSTEMS s COMBINED SEWERAGE s COMBINED SEWERS s COMPOST s COMPOSTING s CONNECTION s CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS s CONSTRUCTION s CONVENTIONAL ACTIVATED SLUDGE s COST RECOVERY s CUBIC METERS s CUBIC METERS PER DAY s DIGESTERS s DISPOSAL OF WASTEWATER s DOMESTIC WASTEWATER s DOMESTIC WATER s DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY s DRAIN s DRAINAGE s DRAINAGE FACILITIES s DRAINAGE NETWORK s DRAINAGE SYSTEM s DRAINAGE SYSTEMS s DRAINAGE WORKS s DRAINS s DRYING BEDS s EFFLUENT DISCHARGE s EFFLUENT QUALITY s EFFLUENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION s FLOOD CONTROL s GROUNDWATER s HIGH LEVELS s HOUSE CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTION s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s IMHOFF TANKS s INADEQUATE SANITATION s INCOMING WASTEWATER s INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER s INDUSTRIAL WATER s INFILTRATION s INVESTMENT COSTS s INVESTMENT PLANNING s IRRIGATION s LAKES s LANDFILLS s LARGE CITIES s LARGE CITY s LIME s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL WATER s NATURAL RESOURCES s NITRIFICATION s ODOR CONTROL s ORGANIC LOAD s ORGANIC MATTER s ORGANIC WASTES s OXIDATION s OXYGEN s OXYGEN DEMAND s PATHOGENS s PERCOLATION s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PH s PIPED SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s PIPED WATER s PIPELINES s PIPING s PITS s PM s POLLUTION s POND s POND SYSTEMS s POPULATION DENSITY s POWER CONSUMPTION s PRETREATMENT s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SANITATION s PUBLIC SANITATION FACILITIES s PUBLIC SEWER SYSTEM s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC WORKS s PUMPING s PUMPING STATIONS s QUALITY OF WASTEWATER s RAINWATER s RAPID URBANIZATION s RECEIVING WATERS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESOURCE RECOVERY s RIVER BASINS s RUNOFF s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE DISPOSAL s SANITATION s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION DEVELOPMENT s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION FACILITY s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION MANAGEMENT s SANITATION POLICIES s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROBLEMS s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROGRAMS s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION SYSTEMS s SEPARATE SEWERAGE s SEPTIC TANK s SEPTIC TANK EFFLUENT s SEPTIC TANK SYSTEMS s SEPTIC TANKS s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SEWAGE s SEWAGE COLLECTION s SEWAGE SLUDGE s SEWAGE TREATMENT s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE CONNECTIONS s SEWERAGE NETWORK s SEWERAGE SERVICE s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s SLUDGE DISPOSAL s SLUDGE DRYING s SLUDGE DRYING BEDS s SLUDGE TREATMENT SYSTEMS s SOILS s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s STABILIZATION s STABILIZATION PONDS s SUSPENDED SOLIDS s TARIFF REFORM s TARIFF SETTING s TIN s TOILETS s TOWNS s TREATED WASTEWATER s TREATMENT PLANT s TRICKLING FILTERS s TRUNK SEWERS s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN COMMUNITY s URBAN DRAINAGE s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN SANITATION PROBLEMS s URBAN SEWERAGE s URBAN WASTEWATER s URBAN WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s USERS s VOLUMES OF WASTEWATER s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER CHARACTERISTICS s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER DISCHARGE s WASTEWATER ENTERPRISES s WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER REGULATIONS s WASTEWATER SECTOR s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER STABILIZATION PONDS s WASTEWATER SYSTEM s WASTEWATER SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER TARIFF s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY s WASTEWATERS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SUPPLY s WATER TARIFFS s WATER USE pha English Vietnam is facing the challenge of trying to keep pace with increasing environmental pollution associated with rapid urbanization, especially in the larger cities. Over the past 20 years, the Government of Vietnam has made considerable effort to develop urban sanitation policies, legislations and regulations, and to invest in urban sanitation including wastewater treatment systems. This study is one of three country studies conducted in the emerging countries of Vietnam, the Philippines, and Indonesia as part of the East Asian urban sanitation review. It reviews the effectiveness of the wastewater sector in Vietnam and makes recommendations to the Government on actions to scale up the sector to improve its performance. Lessons that emerge from this study can be considered for the on-going and or the next generation of wastewater systems 40 17-11-21 00:19:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874299 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18245 Volltext, Open Access

1759729736

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:33.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729736 OCoLC 1255602515 WBOKR 18246 EBP 064560015 KEP 064560015 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18246 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Status of Yemini Women From Aspiration to Opportunity World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Yemen, Republic of s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ADOLESCENT BOYS s ADOLESCENT GIRLS s ADOLESCENTS s ADULT LITERACY s ADVOCACY CAMPAIGNS s AGE OF MARRIAGE s ANTENATAL CARE s ARMED CONFLICT s ARMED CONFLICTS s BARRIERS TO WOMEN s BOTH SEXES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CASH CROP s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD MARRIAGE s CHILD MARRIAGES s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD MORTALITY RATES s CHILDBEARING s CITIZENS s CITIZENSHIP s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s DEATHS OF CHILDREN s DECISIONS ABOUT MARRIAGE s DEMOCRACY s DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE s DIET s DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN s DISCRIMINATORY LAWS s DISCRIMINATORY TREATMENT s DIVORCE s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s DROPOUT s EARLY CHILDBEARING s EARLY MARRIAGE s ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT s ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY s ECONOMIC STATUS s ECONOMIC TRENDS s EDUCATION FOR GIRLS s EDUCATION OF GIRLS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ELIMINATION OF DISCRIMINATION s EMERGENCIES s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPOWERING WOMEN s EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN s EQUAL ACCESS s EQUAL FOOTING s EQUAL RIGHTS s FAMILY FORMATION s FAMILY MEMBERS s FEMALE EDUCATION s FEMALE LIFE EXPECTANCY s FEMALE LITERACY s FEMALE TEACHERS s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATES s FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SECURITY s FORMAL EDUCATION s GENDER s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER DISPARITIES IN EDUCATION s GENDER DISPARITY s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER GAP s GENDER GAP IN LITERACY s GENDER GAPS s GENDER IMBALANCE s GENDER INEQUALITIES s GENDER INEQUALITY s GENDER ISSUES s GENDER NORMS s GIRLS IN SCHOOL s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH RISKS s HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RIGHTS s HUSBANDS s ILLITERACY s ILLNESS s IMMIGRANTS s IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION s INFORMAL SECTOR s INHERITANCE s INHERITANCE RIGHTS s INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT s INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS s INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS s JOB CREATION s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LACK OF AWARENESS s LEGAL RIGHTS s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LITERACY RATES s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL ECONOMY s MARITAL STATUS s MARRIED WOMEN s MATERNAL HEALTH s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATES s MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL s MEDICAL SCHOOL s MIDWIVES s MIGRANT s MIGRANT WORKERS s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINIMUM AGE OF MARRIAGE s MINIMUM AGE OF MARRIAGE FOR GIRLS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MORTALITY s MOTHER s NATIONAL DIALOGUE s NATIONAL LAWS s NATIONALITY LAW s NATIONALS s OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN s PARENTAL CONSENT s PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN s PEACE s PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY RESEARCH s POLITICAL PARTICIPATION s POLITICAL TURMOIL s POLYGAMY s POOR GIRLS s POOR HEALTH s POPULATION DIVISION s POPULATION ESTIMATES s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE s PRIMARY SCHOOLING s PROGRESS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPHERE s QUALITY EDUCATION s RAPID POPULATION GROWTH s RELIGIOUS LEADERS s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE s RESEARCH COMMUNITIES s RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS s RIGHTS OF WOMEN s ROLE OF WOMEN s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL GIRLS s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL WOMEN s SANITATION s SCARCE RESOURCES s SCHOOL ENROLMENT s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SERVICE DELIVERY s SEX s SHADOW REPORT s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS s SOCIAL NORMS s SOCIAL STATUS s SOCIAL UNREST s SOCIAL WELFARE s SPOUSES s STATUS OF WOMEN s TRANSPORTATION s TREATIES s TREATY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNIVERSAL ACCESS s UNIVERSAL EDUCATION s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN COMMUNITIES s URBAN WOMEN s VICIOUS CYCLE s VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s VULNERABILITY s WAR s WARS s WDR s WOMAN s WOMEN BUSINESS OWNERS s WOMEN IN SOCIETY s WORKFORCE s YOUNG GIRLS s YOUNG MALE s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNG WOMEN English en_US The report draws on the conceptual framework of the world development 2012: gender equality and development, and the regional report on gender equality, opening doors: gender equality in the Middle East and North Africa. The report's analytic approach is unique in threading together three bodies of evidence and analysis to shed new light on significant trends and causes underpinning the large gender disparities in the country. The report presents: i) a fresh look at available survey data on human development and socio-economic indicators in the country; ii) a brief history and in-depth analysis of the most critical legal barriers to women's and girl's full participation in Yemeni society; and iii) insights from a rich qualitative dataset collected in January 2011.The findings especially highlight the powerful roles of social norms and legal rights and entitlements in placing women and girls at a disadvantage and constraining not only faster progress on gender equality but also the country's economic development. The objectives of this report are two-fold: first, to take stock of the status of gender outcomes in Yemen and understand the forces that are driving the strong gender inequalities; and second, drawing on these insights and outcomes of the study, to highlight promising areas for policy action in this crucial transition period. The report explores how individual aspirations and opportunities in the areas of education, family formation, and labor force participation are constrained by the severe gender gaps in Yemeni society 40 17-11-21 00:19:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874302 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18246 Volltext, Open Access

1759729744

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729744 OCoLC 1255602673 WBOKR 18247 EBP 064560007 KEP 064560007 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18247 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tanzania Public Expenditure Review National Agricultural Input Voucher Scheme World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Tanzania s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL HOUSEHOLDS s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL MARKET s AGRICULTURAL MARKETS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s ARABLE LAND s AVERAGE COSTS s AVERAGE YIELDS s BASIC NEEDS s BEANS s BENEFICIARY HOUSEHOLDS s BUDGET CONSTRAINTS s BUYING POWER s CASH CROPS s CASH PAYMENTS s CASSAVA s CENTRAL REGIONS s CEREALS s CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s CLIMATIC ZONES s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL SEED s COMMUNITY SURVEY s CONSUMPTION LEVELS s COOPERATIVES s CORRUPTION s COST ANALYSIS s COST EFFECTIVENESS s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s COTTON s COTTON PRODUCTION s CREDIT MARKETS s CREDIT PROGRAM s CROP s CROP AREA s CROP PRODUCTION s CROPPING s CULTIVATION s DEBTS s DISTRIBUTION OF BENEFITS s DRIER REGIONS s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC REFORM s EMPOWERMENT s EXCLUSION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTS s EXTREME POVERTY s FARM s FARM HOUSEHOLDS s FARMER s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMING SYSTEMS s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FERTILIZER s FERTILIZER SUBSIDIES s FERTILIZER SUBSIDY s FERTILIZER USE s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISH PROCESSING s FOOD CROP s FOOD CROPS s FOOD GRAINS s FOOD POVERTY s FOOD POVERTY LINE s FOOD PRICES s FOOD SECURITY s FRESH SEED s GDP s GENDER s GOVERNMENT FUNDING s GRAIN s GRAIN PRICES s GRAIN PRODUCTION s GRAIN PRODUCTS s GRAIN YIELDS s GREEN REVOLUTION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH IN AGRICULTURE s GROWTH RATE s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD CONTROLS s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s HYBRID SEED s INCOME s INCOME GAINS s INPUT PRICES s INTEREST RATE s INVESTMENT PLAN s IRRIGATION s LANDHOLDINGS s LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT s LIVESTOCK OFFICER s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN s MAIZE s MAIZE PRODUCTION s MAIZE YIELDS s MAJORITY OF FARMERS s MARKET EFFICIENCY s MERCHANTS s MICROFINANCE s MONOPOLIES s NAIVS s PADDY s PADDY YIELDS s PER CAPITA INCOME s PLANTING s POORER HOUSEHOLDS s POOREST HOUSEHOLDS s POPULATION GROWTH s POVERTY LEVEL s PRICE CONTROLS s PRODUCE s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFITABILITY s RAINFALL REGIONS s RECEIPT s REDUCTION OF POVERTY s REGIONAL DROUGHT s REGIONAL GOVERNMENT s REGIONAL LEVEL s RETURN ON INVESTMENT s RICE s RICE PRODUCTION s RICE-GROWING REGIONS s RURAL CREDIT s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL REGION s RURAL ROADS s SEED s SEED SYSTEM s SEED VARIETIES s SEEDS s SMALLHOLDER s SMALLHOLDER FARMERS s SMALLHOLDER HOUSEHOLDS s SMALLHOLDERS s SOIL TYPES s SORGHUM s SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION s SUBSIDY COST s SUBSIDY COSTS s SUNFLOWER s SUPPLY CHAINS s TEA s VILLAGE s VILLAGE ASSEMBLY s VILLAGE LEVEL s VILLAGES s VOUCHER s VOUCHERS s WEED CONTROL s YIELD INCREMENTS s YIELDS pha English en_US Tanzania is largely an agriculture-based economy. This sector accounts for over three-quarters of national employment, and approximately 25 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). The national agricultural input voucher scheme (NAIVS) is a market smart input subsidy program designed in response to the sharp rise in global grain and fertilizer prices in 2007 and 2008. The main aim of the program is to raise maize and rice production, and thus preserve Tanzania's household and national food security. During the period from 2008 to 2013, approximately United States (U.S.) 300 million dollars has been invested in providing more than 2.5 million smallholder farmers with a 50 percent subsidy on a one acre package of maize or rice seed, and chemical fertilizer. The input subsidy program helped Tanzanian smallholders harvest more than 2.5 million tons of additional maize and rice grain. The NAIVS program also faced multiple logistical challenges. These challenges are being considered in the government's new big results now initiative. This report summarizes the results of an overview of the program, and the results of two major impact surveys independently conducted in late 2010 and late 2012. Chapter one places the NAIVS in context, reviewing the status of the agricultural economy and the importance of grain production in the country. Chapter two provides an overview of the NAIVS program, including budget, expenditure, and implementation rules. Chapter three briefly summarizes the impact survey results and highlights the financial and economic returns of the program. Chapter four discusses the challenges faced during implementation of the NAIVs, and chapter five reviews the implications for further investment in this sort of input subsidy 40 17-11-21 00:19:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874310 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18247 Volltext, Open Access

1759729752

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729752 OCoLC 1255602687 WBOKR 18249 EBP 064559998 KEP 064559998 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18249 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Belarus Country Gender Profile World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Belarus Europe and Central Asia s ABORTION s ACT OF GENDER s ADOLESCENT FERTILITY s ADULT MEN s ADULT MORTALITY s ADULT WOMEN s AGE DISTRIBUTION s AGED WOMEN s ALCOHOL ABUSE s ARBITRARY DEPRIVATION OF LIBERTY s BASIC EDUCATION s BENEFITS FOR WOMEN s BIRTH CONTROL s CANCER s CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES s CAUSES OF DEATH s CHILD BIRTH s CHILD CARE s CHILD MORTALITY s COERCION s CONDOMS s CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS s CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE s CONTRACEPTIVES s CRIME PREVENTION s DEATH RATES s DECLARATION ON THE ELIMINATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s DEPARTMENT OF POPULATION s DISABILITY s DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN s DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES s DIVORCE s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ELDERLY s ELDERLY POPULATION s ELDERLY WOMEN s ELIMINATION OF DISCRIMINATION s ELIMINATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EQUAL ACCESS s EQUAL REMUNERATION s EQUAL RIGHTS s EQUALITY OF WOMEN s FAMILY RELATIONS s FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES s FEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FEMALE HEADS s FEMALE LABOR s FEMALE LABOR FORCE s FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s FEMALE MORTALITY s FEMALE POPULATION s FEMALE STUDENTS s FEMALE WORKERS s FERTILITY RATE s FERTILITY RATES s FEWER WOMEN s FIRST CHILD s FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION s GENDER s GENDER ACTION s GENDER BIAS s GENDER BLIND s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER DISCRIMINATION s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER GAP s GENDER GAPS s GENDER INEQUALITY s GENDER ISSUES s GENDER NEUTRAL s GENDER POLICY s GENDER ROLES s GENDER STATISTICS s GENDER STEREOTYPES s GENDER STUDIES s GIRLS s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH OF MEN s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES s HUMAN BEINGS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RIGHTS s HUMAN TRAFFICKING s HUSBANDS s ILLNESSES s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATES s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTRAUTERINE DEVICES s JOURNALISTS s KIDS s LABOR CODE s LABOR MARKET s LACK OF INFORMATION s LEADING CAUSES s LEGAL RIGHTS s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVE BIRTHS s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOW FERTILITY s LOW INFANT MORTALITY s MALE MORTALITY s MALE PARTICIPATION s MARITAL RAPE s MARITAL STATUS s MARRIED MEN s MASS MEDIA s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNITY BENEFITS s MATERNITY LEAVE s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINOR CHILDREN s MORTALITY s MORTALITY RATE s MOTHER s NATIONAL COUNCIL s NATIONAL LEGISLATION s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL PLANS s NEWBORNS s NUMBER OF ABORTIONS s NUMBER OF CHILDREN s NUTRITION s OLD AGE s OLDER ADULTS s OLDER WOMEN s OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN s PARENTAL LEAVE s PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN s PATERNITY LEAVE s PENSIONS s POLICY MAKERS s POLICY RESEARCH s POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER s POOR HEALTH s POPULATION DECLINE s POPULATION FUND s POPULATION GROUPS s POPULATION GROWTH s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE LIFE s PROGRESS s PROHIBITION OF DISCRIMINATION s PROPORTION OF WOMEN s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC SERVICES s RATIO OF WOMEN s REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN s REPRODUCTIVE AGE s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s RISKY BEHAVIOR s ROLE OF WOMEN s RURAL AREAS s SAFE PREGNANCY s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOLING s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SELF-ESTEEM s SEX s SEX DISCRIMINATION s SEX TRAFFICKING s SEXUAL VIOLENCE s SHADOW REPORT s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SOCIAL CONDITIONS s SOCIAL EQUITY s SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS s SOCIAL NORMS s SOCIAL SCIENCES s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s SPOUSES s STATE POLICY s STATE UNIVERSITY s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TOLERANCE s TRAFFICKERS s TUBERCULOSIS s UNEDUCATED WOMEN s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNFPA s UNICEF s UNITED NATIONS s UNMARRIED WOMEN s VICTIMS s VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s WAGE GAP s WOMAN s WOMEN HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s WOMEN IN MASS MEDIA s WOMEN WITH CHILDREN s WORKING WOMEN s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION s YOUNG ADULT s YOUNG CHILDREN s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG WOMEN pha English en_US Belarus demonstrated strong economic growth 2000-2008 and this translated into fast poverty reduction. Belarus invested a lot in the human capital of its population both in men and women. This assessment identifies and describes main gender disparities in Belarus in agency, education, health, and access to economic opportunities. The report builds on the framework of the World Bank's regional gender report, Europe and Central Asia: opportunities for men and women, as well as the World development report on gender and development. The assessment takes a quantitative approach using a wide range of different international data sources including World Bank's world development indicators, the global financial inclusion database, the life in transition survey, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)-World Bank business environment and enterprise performance survey as well as local household living standards survey. The report is organized as follows: section one discusses agency and describes factors which may shape the process how men and women use their endowments and utilize economic opportunities to achieve desired outcomes. The second section analyzes gender disparities in endowments, such as health and education. The third section focuses on gender gaps in the labor market, entrepreneurship and earnings, access to finance and poverty. The fourth section presents conclusions and policy recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:19:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874329 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18249 Volltext, Open Access

1759729760

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729760 OCoLC 1255602555 WBOKR 18250 EBP 06455998X KEP 06455998X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18250 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Face of Poverty in Madagascar Poverty, Gender, and Inequality Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Madagascar s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ABSOLUTE POVERTY LINE s ABSOLUTE TERMS s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE s ACCESS TO PRIMARY EDUCATION s AGGREGATE LEVEL s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s BASIC HEALTH s BASIC HEALTHCARE s CHANGES IN POVERTY s CHARACTERISTICS OF POOR s CHILD LABOR s CONFLICT s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION BASKET s CONSUMPTION DATA s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CORRELATES OF POVERTY s COUNTERFACTUAL s DATA QUALITY s DEBT RELIEF s DECLINE IN POVERTY s DEVELOPMENT GOALS s DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s DEVELOPMENT PRACTITIONERS s DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY s DISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGES s DONOR AID s ECONOMIC DECLINE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATED PEOPLE s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EMPLOYMENT GENERATION s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXTREME POVERTY s EXTREME POVERTY LINE s EXTREME POVERTY LINES s FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN s FARM SECTOR s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FERTILITY s FIXED EFFECTS s FOOD BASKET s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD EXPENDITURE s FOOD EXPENDITURES s FOOD INTAKE s FOOD ITEMS s FOOD POVERTY s FOOD POVERTY LINE s GDP s GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS s GINI COEFFICIENT s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GROWTH PERFORMANCE s GROWTH PROCESS s GROWTH RATE s HEADCOUNT POVERTY s HEALTH EXPENDITURES s HIGH POVERTY s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA s HOUSEHOLD DATA s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s ILLITERACY s ILLNESS s INCIDENCE ANALYSIS s INCIDENCE OF DISEASE s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GAP s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME POVERTY s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY MEASURES s INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINES s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s LABOR MARKET s LAND HOLDINGS s LAND TENURE s LOW INCOME s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MEAT s MILK s MONETARY POLICIES s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NATIONAL POVERTY LINES s NON-INCOME DIMENSIONS s OUTPUT GROWTH s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PER CAPITA GROWTH s PERVASIVE POVERTY s POLICY IMPLICATIONS s POLICY MAKERS s POOR s POOR COUNTRIES s POOR GROWTH s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POVERTY CHANGES s POVERTY DEPTH s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATE s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATES s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY LEVEL s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY MEASUREMENT s POVERTY OUTCOMES s POVERTY POVERTY s POVERTY PROFILE s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY SEVERITY s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRO-POOR s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SERVICE s RAPID GROWTH s REDUCING POVERTY s REDUCTION IN POVERTY s REDUCTION OF INEQUALITY s REDUCTION OF POVERTY s REGIONAL COMPOSITION s REGIONAL DECOMPOSITION s REGIONAL DEFLATORS s REGIONAL DIMENSION s REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION s REGIONAL POVERTY s REGIONAL TRENDS s RELATIVE POSITION s RURAL s RURAL ACCESS s RURAL AREA s RURAL AREAS s RURAL LEVEL s RURAL POPULATIONS s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL RESIDENCE s RURAL UNEMPLOYMENT s SAFETY NET s SCHOOLING s SECTORAL COMPOSITION s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SIGNIFICANT EFFECT s SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION s SMALLHOLDER FARMS s SQUARED POVERTY GAP s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL POVERTY s TOTAL POVERTY LINE s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POOR s URBAN POVERTY s VEGETABLES s WAGE RATES s WELFARE INDICATORS s WELFARE MEASURE pha English en_US Madagascar has been entirely unsuccessful in reducing the number of its people that are poor, or extremely so, in the ten years since 2001, when poverty was already at a very high level. This well-known conclusion draws on the analysis of three successive rounds of the national household expenditure surveys (enquete periodiques aupres des menages, EPM) conducted by the Madagascar National Institute of Statistics (INSTAT) in 2001, 2005, and 2010. The objective of the analysis in this report is to document the levels and changes in poverty in Madagascar, and provide a detailed review of correlates of poverty and inequality in various dimensions, including gender, age, the structure of households, and place of residence. The report is an assessment of past poverty trends, and while policy implications are highlighted in many cases, the report is focused mainly on the descriptive, rather than prescriptive. It is found that the poverty headcount did not decrease between 2001 and 2005, rising instead from 71 to 75 percent of the population, rather than the 68 percent estimated official headcount for 2005. The methodology is described at length in the report and its annexes 40 17-11-21 00:19:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874337 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18250 Volltext, Open Access

1759729779

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729779 OCoLC 1255600761 WBOKR 18248 EBP 064559971 KEP 064559971 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18248 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Samoa Public Expenditure Review Notes Taking Stock of Expenditure Trends from FY06-FY12 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Samoa s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATION COSTS s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS s AGGREGATE FISCAL s AGGREGATE FISCAL DISCIPLINE s ANNUAL BUDGET s ANNUAL BUDGETS s AUDIT OFFICE s BASIC SERVICES s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET DEFICITS s BUDGET ESTIMATES s BUDGET EXECUTION s BUDGET FORMULATION s BUDGET FRAMEWORK s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGET POLICY s BUDGET PROCESS s BUDGET PROPOSALS s BUDGET STRATEGY s BUDGET SUPPORT s CAPITAL BUDGET s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL PROJECTS s CAPITAL SPENDING s CASH BALANCES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYMENT s CHILD HEALTH SERVICES s CHILDBIRTH s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CLINICS s COMMODITY PRICES s COMMUNICABLE DISEASES s COMMUNITY HEALTH s COMMUNITY NURSING s COMMUNITY SERVICES s COSTS OF GOVERNMENT s CREDIT FACILITY s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT RATIO s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DECENTRALIZATION s DIABETES s DIPHTHERIA s DISASTERS s DOMESTIC EXPENDITURE s DOMESTIC REVENUE s DONOR FINANCING s DONOR FUNDING s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC GROWTH RATES s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s EDUCATION BUDGET s EDUCATION SPENDING s EXCHANGE RATE s EXOGENOUS SHOCKS s EXPENDITURE ALLOCATIONS s EXPENDITURE AREA s EXPENDITURE COMMITMENTS s EXPENDITURE GROWTH s EXPENDITURE ITEM s EXPENDITURE LEVELS s EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT s EXPENDITURE OUTCOMES s EXPENDITURE PLAN s EXPENDITURE PLANS s EXPENDITURE POLICY s EXPENDITURE PRIORITIES s EXPENDITURE PROGRAM s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL GRANTS s EXTERNAL LOANS s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM s FINANCIAL POSITION s FISCAL COMMITMENTS s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL POSITION s FISCAL PRESSURES s FISCAL PROJECTIONS s FISCAL STRATEGY s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL SYSTEMS s FISCAL TARGET s FORWARD ESTIMATES s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT CONSUMPTION s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT FUNDING s GOVERNMENT GRANTS s GOVERNMENT PRIORITIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE SPENDING s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH OUTCOME s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH PROMOTION s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SPENDING s HIGHER INTEREST s HIGHER INTEREST PAYMENTS s HOSPITAL SERVICES s HOSPITALS s HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS s LAWS s LIFE EXPECTANCY s MEDICAL TREATMENT s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MIDWIFERY s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY POLICY s MORTALITY s NATIONAL BUDGET s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NURSES s NURSING s NUTRITION s OPERATIONAL COSTS s PATIENT s PATIENTS s PENSION FUND s PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT s PERSONNEL EXPENDITURE s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PROGRAMS s PRUDENT FISCAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC ENTERPRISES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ANALYSIS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH PROFESSIONALS s PUBLIC HEALTHCARE s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES s PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC SPENDING LEVELS s PUBLIC UTILITIES s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s REFORM AGENDA s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE FLOWS s REVENUE GROWTH s SANITATION s SCREENING s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SECTOR BUDGET s SECTOR EXPENDITURE s SECTOR OUTPUT s SECTOR POLICIES s SECTOR POLICY s SECTOR PROGRAMS s SECTORAL EXPENDITURE s SECTORAL POLICY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SPENDING LEVELS s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s TAX BURDEN s TAX EFFORT s TAX POLICY s TAX REVENUES s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TOTAL SPENDING s UNIVERSAL ACCESS s VACCINATION s WORKERS pha English en_US Samoa's fiscal position and the structure of its budget have evolved markedly in recent years. Samoa had built up sufficient fiscal space in the early to mid-2000s to be able to respond to a major exogenous shock. The objective of the public expenditure review (PER) notes is to assist the Government of Samoa (GoS) in taking stock of the evolving expenditure trends in recent years and to strengthen the analytical basis for the management of public expenditure. Financial management information systems (FMIS) data was consistently classified and supplemented with project grant and loan related data from ministry of finance accounts to compile a full database of domestically and externally funded expenditure. The analysis of the public wage bill combines FMIS data with data from the payroll system. It also incorporates payroll data from the accounts of the largest public agencies to present approximate estimates of payroll trends for the whole government for the first time. This note will look backwards to take stock of the factors that accounted for fiscal expansion since FY2006, and look ahead to highlight the impact of cyclone Evan on the fiscal position from 2013 onwards. The first part of the note will review trends in public expenditure, revenues, grants, financing, and budget execution to provide insight into which aspects resource allocation have changed the most in real terms from 2006 to 2012, and decompose trends to identify the main drivers of growth in the budget. The second part of the note focuses on the impact of cyclone Evan on Samoa's fiscal position from 2013 onwards, and presents projections of the fiscal path in long-term in light of higher deficit and debt levels 40 17-11-21 00:19:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874345 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18248 Volltext, Open Access

1759729787

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729787 OCoLC 1255602653 WBOKR 18251 EBP 064559963 KEP 064559963 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18251 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Moldova Gender Disparities in Endowments and Access to Economic Opportunities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Moldova s ABORTION s ABUSE s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME s ADEQUATE EDUCATION s ADOLESCENT FERTILITY s ADULT LITERACY s ALCOHOL ABUSE s ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION s ALCOHOLISM s ARMED CONFLICTS s BEATING s BIRTH CONTROL s CANCER s CAUSES OF DEATH s COMPLICATIONS s CONTRACEPTION s CONTRACEPTIVE USE s CONTROL OVER RESOURCES s COUNTRY OF ORIGIN s DEATH RATES s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN s DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES s DISEASES s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s DRUG ABUSE s DRUGS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY s ECONOMIC SITUATION s ECONOMIC STATUS s EDUCATED MEN s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ELDERLY s ELIMINATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s ENTREPRENEURIAL INITIATIVES s EPIDEMIC s EQUAL ACCESS s EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES s EQUAL RIGHTS s EXCESSIVE CONSUMPTION s EXPERIENCED VIOLENCE s FAMILY FORMATION s FAMILY MEMBERS s FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS s FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES s FEMALE EMPLOYMENT s FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS s FEMALE LABOR s FEMALE LABOR FORCE s FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s FEMALE MIGRANTS s FEMALE MORTALITY s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATE s FERTILITY RATES s FEWER WOMEN s FORCED MARRIAGE s FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION s GAP BETWEEN GIRLS s GENDER s GENDER BIAS s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER DISCRIMINATION s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER GAP s GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION s GENDER GAPS s GENDER INEQUALITY s GENDER ISSUES s GENDER ROLES s GENDER SEGREGATION s GENDER STEREOTYPES s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GROSS NATIONAL INCOME s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH PROBLEMS s HEALTH RISKS s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE s HIGHLY EDUCATED WOMEN s HIV s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN BEINGS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RIGHTS s HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS s HUMAN TRAFFICKING s HUSBANDS s INFANT s INFANT HEALTH s INFANT MORTALITY s INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s JOURNALISTS s LABOR CODE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LARGE FAMILIES s LEGAL STATUS s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVEL OF POVERTY s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF FERTILITY s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIFETIME RISK s LIMITED RESOURCES s LITERACY RATES s MARITAL STATUS s MARRIED WOMEN s MASCULINITY s MATERNAL DEATH s MATERNAL HEALTH s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATES s MATERNITY LEAVE s MIGRANT s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MORTALITY RATE s MOTHER s MULTIPLE PARTNERS s NATIONAL ACTION s NATIONAL ACTION PLAN s NATIONAL COMMITTEE s NATIONAL PLAN s NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNING s NUMBER OF BIRTHS s NUMBER OF DEATHS s NUMBER OF WOMEN s OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN s PARENTAL LEAVE s PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POLITICAL PARTIES s POPULATION DIVISION s PREGNANCIES s PREGNANCY s PREGNANT WOMAN s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SYSTEM s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOLING s PROGRESS s PROTECTION MECHANISMS s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN s PUBLIC LIFE s REMITTANCES s REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s RISKY BEHAVIOR s RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR s ROLE MODELS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL WOMEN s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SEX s SEXUAL BEHAVIOR s SEXUAL EXPLOITATION s SEXUAL HARASSMENT s SEXUAL HEALTH s SKILL LEVEL s SOCIAL AFFAIRS s SOCIAL FACTORS s SOCIAL NORMS s SPOUSE s SPOUSES s SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH s TEENAGERS s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY LEVELS s TOLERANCE s TRADITIONAL SOCIETIES s TUBERCULOSIS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s UNPLANNED PREGNANCIES s UNPROTECTED SEX s URBAN AREAS s USE OF CONDOMS s VICTIMS s VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABILITY s WOMAN s WOMEN IN POLITICS s WOMEN WITH CHILDREN s WORKFORCE s WORKING POPULATION s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION s WORLD POPULATION s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNG WOMEN pha English en_US This assessment provides a broad picture of gender disparities in Moldova in agency, education, health, and access to economic opportunities. The gender gap in education is small, yet it is greatest at higher levels of education. Moldova's health indicators are significantly underperforming compared to other Europe and Central Asia (ECA) countries, and male mortality is of greatest concern. Violence against women is one of the most frequent forms of human rights violations and is widely accepted by both women and men. Male and female labor force participation rates are low, and the gender gap is small. Moldova has one of the highest rates of human trafficking among neighboring countries and is primarily a source country. This paper is structured as follows: chapter one discusses factors which may shape the process of how men and women use their endowments and utilize economic opportunities. Chapter two covers human development disaggregated by gender, focusing on education and health. Chapter three examines the gender gap in employment and opportunities, and its implications for the labor market, particularly, entrepreneurship, and career advancement for women. Chapter four makes selected policy recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:19:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874353 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18251 Volltext, Open Access

1759729795

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729795 OCoLC 1255602654 WBOKR 18242 EBP 064559955 KEP 064559955 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18242 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Barbados International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Barbados Latin America & Caribbean s ACCOUNTING s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET QUALITY s ASSET RATIO s ASSET VALUES s ASSETS RATIOS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK CREDIT s BANK LENDING s BANK SUPERVISION s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BANKRUPTCY LAW s BID s BROKERAGE s BROKERS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL MARKETS DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPITALIZATION s CASH PAYMENT s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL SECURITIES DEPOSITORY s CHECKING ACCOUNTS s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REGISTRY s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK LOANS s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSUMER LOANS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT CARDS s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT PROVISION s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATINGS s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT STANDING s CREDIT UNION s CREDIT UNIONS s CREDITOR s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT SECURITIES s DEBTOR s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSIT TAKING INSTITUTION s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DISBURSEMENTS s ENFORCEABILITY s ENFORCEMENT POWERS s EQUITIES s EQUITY MARKET s EUROBOND s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL DEFICIT s FIXED EXCHANGE RATE s FIXED INCOME s FIXED INCOME MARKET s FORECLOSURE s FORECLOSURE PROCEDURES s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS s FOREIGN FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEBT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENTS s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES HOLDINGS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDINGS OF GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s ILLIQUID MARKET s INSIDER TRADING s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE CORPORATION s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INTERNATIONAL BANKS s INTERNATIONAL INSURANCE s INVESTMENT ASSETS s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS s INVESTMENTS IN EQUITY s ISSUANCE s LABOR MARKET s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEVEL OF RISK s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY s LIFE INSURANCE PRODUCTS s LINES OF CREDIT s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RATIOS s LOAN CLASSIFICATION s LOAN OFFICE s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOCAL CURRENCY s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC RISKS s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET PRICE s MARKET PRICES s MARKET RISK s MARKET RISKS s MARKET STRUCTURE s MATURITY s MATURITY MISMATCHES s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MORAL HAZARD s MORAL SUASION s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE FINANCE s MORTGAGE LOAN s MORTGAGE LOANS s MORTGAGES s MOVABLE ASSETS s MUTUAL FUND s MUTUAL FUNDS s NATIONAL BANK s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OFFSHORE BANKS s OLD-AGE PENSIONS s OPERATIONAL INDEPENDENCE s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PERSONAL LENDING s PERSONAL LOANS s PERSONAL MORTGAGE s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO ALLOCATIONS s PORTFOLIO PERFORMANCE s PRIMARY MARKET s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRIVATE CAPITAL INFLOWS s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE PLACEMENT s PRUDENTIAL STANDARDS s PRUDENTIAL SUPERVISION s PUBLIC DEBT s REAL ESTATE LOANS s REGULATORY CONSTRAINTS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY STANDARDS s REPAYMENT s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s RISK EXPOSURES s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK PROFILE s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SECONDARY MARKET s SECONDARY MARKET ACTIVITY s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKETS s SEIZURE s SEIZURE PROCEDURE s SHARE OF GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s SHAREHOLDERS s SMALL BUSINESS s SOLVENCY s SOVEREIGN DEBT s SOVEREIGN RISK s STOCK EXCHANGE s SUPERVISORY POWERS s T-BILL s TAX s TAX EXEMPTION s TAX INCENTIVES s TERRORISM s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s UNDERWRITERS s VALUATION s VALUATION FRAMEWORK s VALUATION STANDARDS s VALUATIONS s VARIABLE RATES English en_US The financial system faces a weak economic outlook and a deteriorating fiscal position posing substantial macroeconomic risks. As a result, sovereign risk has increased while the fixed exchange rate further limits policy options. The financial system has sizeable sovereign risk exposures and non-performing loans are rising although high capital and liquidity buffers in combination with strong parent entities mitigate risks. Credit unions appear more vulnerable. Since the 2008 financial sector assessment program (FSAP), the regulatory and supervisory framework has improved across all sectors. Consolidated risk-based supervision was introduced in the banking sector along with a formalization of supervisory methodologies. The government has committed a major adjustment package aimed at stabilizing international reserves and consolidating the fiscal position. Even if planned policies are successful, Barbados will continue to face challenging growth prospects, driven by weakened tourism markets, including Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States; increased competition from other offshore jurisdictions; and appreciation of the real effective exchange rate 40 17-11-21 00:19:11.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874361 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18242 Volltext, Open Access

1759729809

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729809 OCoLC 1255602702 WBOKR 18244 EBP 064559947 KEP 064559947 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18244 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Understanding Youth Violence Cases from Liberia and Sierra Leone World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Liberia Sierra Leone s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO RESOURCES s ADULTHOOD s ALCOHOL s CHILDBIRTH s CHILDCARE s CHILDHOOD s CIVIL WAR s COMMUNITY LIFE s COMMUNITY WORK s COMMUNITY WORKS s CRIME s DISABILITY s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s DRUG USE s DRUGS s EXPOSURE TO VIOLENCE s FAMILIES s FAMILY BACKGROUND s FAMILY MEMBERS s FATHERS s FEMALE s FEMALES s FORMS OF VIOLENCE s GANGS s GENDER s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE s GENDERS s GIRLFRIENDS s HIV s HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS s INJURIES s INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE s INTIMATE PARTNER s INVESTIGATION s LABOR FORCE s MALE YOUTH s MARITAL STATUS s MIGRATION s NEEDS OF YOUTH s OLD MAN s PARENTS s PERPETRATORS OF VIOLENCE s PHYSICAL VIOLENCE s PROSTITUTION s PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s RAPE s RURAL YOUTH s SAFETY NETS s SELF-CONFIDENCE s SEX s SEXES s SEXUAL ORIENTATION s SEXUAL VIOLENCE s SOCIAL CHANGE s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL NORMS s SOLDIERS s SUBSTANCE ABUSE s TRADITIONAL PRACTICES s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN YOUTH s USE OF FORCE s VIOLENCE s VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s YOUNG ADULTS s YOUNG GIRL s YOUNG MEN s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNG PERSON s YOUNG POPULATIONS s YOUNG WOMAN s YOUTH s YOUTH ACTIVITIES s YOUTH CONCERNS s YOUTH DEVELOPMENT s YOUTH EMPLOYMENT s YOUTH GROUPS s YOUTH LEADERS s YOUTH LIVELIHOODS s YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS s YOUTH PARTICIPATION s YOUTH PERSPECTIVES s YOUTH POLICIES s YOUTH POPULATION s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT s YOUTH VIOLENCE s YOUTHS pha English en_US Addressing youth issues is essential to promoting stability and preventing violence in fragile and conflict-affected states. However, there is little evidence that youth programming and policies have helped reduce violence in these settings. This can reflect the lack of understanding about youth issues and how problems affecting them encourage their participation in violence. This study set out to understand youth violence in Liberia and Sierra Leone, two countries in which there has historically been a great deal of youth participation in group violence, where the risk of youth mobilization into violence persists, and where interpersonal and gender-based violence are still a concern. In addition to having young populations, both countries have governments that have emphasized improving youths' lives by both reducing poverty and preventing violence. In turn, programming and policies in these (and many other conflict-affected) countries tend to be focused on employment generation due to the assumption that youth become prone to violent behavior as the result of economic exclusion (their inability to achieve a stable source of livelihood). The findings from this study will be useful to help governments (particularly of fragile and conflict-affected states) and donors better understand youth issues, design more effective interventions to address youth violence, and promote longer-term stability. The report begins with a review of literature on existing theories of youth exclusion and drivers of youth violence, with a greater focus on history of violence in West Africa. It proceeds with an outline of the study methodology for data collection, sample selection, and analysis. The analysis follows, highlighting key findings. The report concludes with recommendations for policies and youth programming 40 17-11-21 00:19:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987437X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18244 Volltext, Open Access

1759729817

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 0206:08-05-23 16:05:11.000 0206:13-12-22 utf8 0 Oau Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729817 OCoLC 1255602640 WBOKR 17797 EBP 064559939 KEP 064559939 eng 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17797 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO CC BY 3.0 IGO Institutional Arrangements for Nutrition in India An Assessment of Capacity Deepika Anand VerfasserIn aut 1826878785 Kathuria Ashi Kohli gnd/1275437389 VerfasserIn aut Eliezer Orbach VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACUTE MALNUTRITION s ADOLESCENT GIRLS s AGRICULTURE s ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES s ANEMIA s ANTENATAL CARE s BABIES s BEHAVIOR CHANGE s BREASTFEEDING s BREASTFEEDING PROMOTION s BROADCASTING s CARE FOR CHILDREN s CHILD CARE s CHILD DEVELOPMENT s CHILD FEEDING s CHILD FEEDING PRACTICES s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD HEALTH PROGRAMS s CHILD HEALTH SERVICES s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD NUTRITION s CHILD NUTRITION OUTCOMES s CHILD PROTECTION s CHILDHOOD ILLNESSES s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITY HEALTH s COMPLICATIONS s COUNSELLING s CURRICULUM s DIARRHEA s DISABILITY s DISSEMINATION s DISTRIBUTION OF CONTRACEPTIVES s DRINKING WATER s EARLY CHILD DEVELOPMENT s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s EQUIPMENT s FAMILY PLANNING s FAMILY WELFARE s FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS s FOLIC ACID s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SUPPLEMENTATION s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s HEALTH ACTIVISTS s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH EDUCATION s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SYSTEM s HEALTH WORKERS s HOME VISITS s HOSPITAL s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RIGHTS s HYGIENE s ILLNESSES s IMMUNIZATION s IMPACT OF POLICIES s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INFANTS s INFECTION s INFORMATION RESOURCES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS s IODINE s IODINE DEFICIENCY s IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS s IRON s IUD s JOB TRAINING s KEY HEALTH INTERVENTIONS s LACK OF COMMUNICATION s LBW s LEADERSHIP s LEARNING s LEGAL STATUS s LOW BIRTH WEIGHT s MALNOURISHED CHILDREN s MALNUTRITION AMONG CHILDREN s MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH s MATERNAL HEALTH s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE s MATERNAL NUTRITION s MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES s MICRONUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTATION s MIDWIFE s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MORTALITY s MOTHER s NATIONAL COUNCIL s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEMS s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL LEVELS s NEEDS ASSESSMENT s NEWBORNS s NURSE s NURSING s NUTRITION s NUTRITION EDUCATION s NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS s NUTRITION PROGRAMS s NUTRITION STATUS s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s ORAL REHYDRATION SOLUTION s ORS s PARADIGM SHIFT s PNC s POLICY DISCUSSIONS s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY MAKERS s POLITICAL PARTY s PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION s PREGNANCY s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SYSTEM s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRESS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SERVICE s QUALITATIVE INFORMATION s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY OF SERVICES s QUALITY SERVICES s REFERRAL SERVICES s REPRODUCTIVE TRACT s REPRODUCTIVE TRACT INFECTIONS s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE MOBILIZATION s RESPECT s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL POPULATION s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SAFETY NETS s SANITATION s SCHOOL HEALTH s SCHOOL HEALTH PROGRAMS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVISION s SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS s SKILL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL WELFARE s STATE GOVERNMENTS s STATUS OF WOMEN s STUNTING s TETANUS s TRAINING CENTERS s UNDERNUTRITION s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s USE OF RESOURCES s VITAMIN A s VITAMIN A SUPPLEMENTATION s WORKERS s WORKFORCE s YOUNG CHILD s YOUNG CHILDREN pha English en_US The report consists of the following seven chapters. The present chapter provides the context and the rationale for the study, and outlines the methodology. Chapter two describes the nutrition system in detail and discusses the capacity issues related to the division of labor (DoL) between the two primary programs of the nutrition system and within the Integrated Child Development Services, or ICDS. Chapter three delves into the factors that constrain leadership capacity at all levels chapter four discusses the key capacity constraints related to HR that limit the effective delivery of nutrition services. Chapter five discusses the training system as a sub-system of HR and its capacity constraints, and Chapter six covers the capacity assessment pertaining to monitoring, evaluation and management of information in the nutrition system. Chapter seven discusses the capacity constraints related to General Management Practices, or GMPs in the ICDS, especially focusing on supervision, accountability and work practices and procedures 40 17-11-21 00:19:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874388 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17797 Volltext, Open Access

1759729825

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:34.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729825 OCoLC 1255602287 WBOKR 17786 EBP 064559920 KEP 064559920 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17786 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO South East Europe Regular Economic Report No. 5 First Insights into Promoting Shared Prosperity in South East Europe World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource South East Europe regular economic report no. 5 Eastern Europe Europe and Central Asia s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ASSETS s BENCHMARK s BINDING CONSTRAINTS s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s COLLATERAL s COMMODITIES s CONNECTIVITY s CONSUMPTION LEVELS s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER s CROWDING OUT s DATA AVAILABILITY s DATA QUALITY s DEBT s DRIVERS s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMICS s ELASTICITY s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s ETHNIC MINORITIES s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s GDP s GLOBAL POVERTY s GROWTH POTENTIAL s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HARMONIZATION s HEALTH SERVICES s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s HOURLY WAGES s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL ASSETS s HUMAN CAPITAL ENDOWMENTS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IMPACT OF SHOCKS s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME TAX s INCOMES s INCREASING RETURNS s INEQUALITY s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTEREST RATES s JOB CREATION s LABOR FORCE s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET NEEDS s LABOR MARKETS s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND PRICES s LIVING STANDARDS s MACROECONOMIC LEVEL s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s NET ASSETS s NET LOSSES s OLDER WORKERS s OPPORTUNITY COST s PENSION s PENSIONS s POOR s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVACY s PRIVATE TRANSFERS s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s REGRESSION ANALYSIS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RURAL s RURAL AREA s RURAL AREAS s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL LABOR s SAFETY s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SMALL BUSINESSES s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL POLICIES s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SUBSIDIARY s TARGETING s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX STRUCTURE s TAXATION s TRADE UNIONS s TRANSPORT s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VOLATILITY s WAGES s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS English en_US Long-term economic growth is the key driver for increasing the economic wellbeing of the population, but the pattern and the incidence of growth also matter. Economic growth narrowly based on certain enclave sectors or benefitting small groups is neither socially stable nor sustainable. Along these lines, the World Bank recently revised its institutional strategy, establishing two goals, namely: (i) ending extreme global poverty, the traditional goal of the institution, by reducing the percentage of people living on less than $1.25 a day globally to 3 percent by 2030, and (ii) promoting shared prosperity by fostering income growth of the bottom 40 percent of the population. Furthermore, as an overarching condition, the World Bank aims to achieve those goals in a way that is environmentally, economically and socially sustainable to ensure that welfare of the population is not increased at the expense of future generations or specific groups in society. This paper presents first insights into shared prosperity in SEE6 countries. First, it looks at the incidence of growth in SEE6 in the context of the Europe and Central Asia region to determine whether economic growth knowledge gaps are discussed in the paper. The analysis is limited by the availability of micro-data and thus covers different periods by country, depending on each one's most recent data available. Unless otherwise noted, periods refer to: Albania (2008-2012), Bosnia and Herzegovina (2007), Kosovo (2006-2011), FYR Macedonia (2003-2008), Montenegro (2006-2011) and Serbia (2007-2010) 40 17-11-21 00:19:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874396 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17786 Volltext, Open Access

1759729833

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:35.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729833 OCoLC 1255602716 WBOKR 17838 EBP 064559912 KEP 064559912 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17838 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Improving Basic Services for the Bottom Forty Percent Results of the Poverty and Social Impact Assessment of Decentralized Basic Service Delivery in Ethiopia World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURE s ANTE-NATAL CARE s ANTENATAL CARE s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC SERVICES s BIRTH ATTENDANT s BIRTH ATTENDANTS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD SURVIVAL s CITIZEN s CITIZENS s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITY HEALTH s CONTRACEPTIVE ACCEPTANCE s CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE s CONTRACEPTIVE USE s CROPS s DEATH RATES s DECENTRALIZATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT PLANNING s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DISASTERS s DISSEMINATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICIES s ECONOMICS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ETHNIC GROUP s ETHNIC GROUPS s EXTENSION s EXTENSION SERVICES s FAMILY PLANNING s FAMILY PLANNING INFORMATION s FARMERS s FINANCES s FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FOOD SECURITY s GENDER s GENDER BIAS s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER EQUITY s GENDER INEQUALITIES s GOVERNMENT CAPACITY s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SYSTEMS s HEALTH WORKERS s HOSPITALS s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUNGER s IMMUNIZATION s INFANT s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INTERVENTION s LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOW INCOME s MALNUTRITION s MATERNAL HEALTH s MEANS OF INFORMATION s MEASLES s MEDICINES s MIDWIFE s MIDWIVES s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF HEALTH s MORTALITY s MORTALITY RATE s MOTHER s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NEWSLETTER s NURSE s NURSES s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s PHYSICIANS s PLACE OF RESIDENCE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRACTITIONERS s PRE-NATAL CARE s PREGNANCIES s PREGNANT WOMAN s PREGNANT WOMEN s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIVATE FARMERS s PROGRESS s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PUBLIC AWARENESS s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUALITY IMPROVEMENT s QUALITY OF LIFE s QUALITY OF SERVICES s RADIO s REDUCING MATERNAL MORTALITY s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE FLOWS s RESOURCE USE s RESPECT s ROADS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL FINANCE s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL POPULATION s SANITATION s SCHOOL BUILDINGS s SCHOOL STUDENTS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS s SKILLED CARE s SOCIAL IMPACT s SUPERVISION s SUSTAINABILITY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TEACHER RATIO s TEACHER SALARIES s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TV s UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POPULATION s USE OF CONTRACEPTION s VACCINATION s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WATER MANAGEMENT s WORKERS English en_US This report is part of a programmatic knowledge series which will include future reports which will go further on the issues covered. These reports will include among others studies based on services delivery quality in health and education based on on-going surveys as well detailed survey based impact assessment the Promotion of Basic Services (PBS) program. This program based on multi-round surveys over the next three years, an impact assessment of the social accountability component of PBS program for which baseline survey has taken place and a full report is due in two years, all of these studies will further elucidate the findings in this report. This report is structured with a section describing the PBS program and inter-government fiscal transfers underlying Ethiopia's decentralized federal structure. That section will be followed by a section on study approach and then a section on the governance and accountability framework underlying the program. After that there will be a section on the effectiveness of Ethiopia's intergovernmental transfers program (IGFT) on development results in education, health and agriculture which will be followed by a section on the equity impact of the program focusing on income equity, gender equity, spatial equity and ethnic equity. That will be followed by conclusions and annexes including an annex on methodology 40 17-11-21 00:19:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987440X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17838 Volltext, Open Access

1759729841

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729841 OCoLC 1255602662 WBOKR 17796 EBP 064559904 KEP 064559904 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17796 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Diagnostics and Policy Advice for Supporting Roma Inclusion in Romania World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s ACCESS OF CHILDREN s ACCESS OF STUDENTS s ACCESS TO BOOKS s ACCESS TO COMPUTERS s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO LEARNING s ACCESS TO QUALITY EDUCATION s ADULT LEARNING s ADULT LITERACY s ADULT LITERACY RATE s ADULTS s BASIC SERVICES s CARE PROVIDERS s CAREGIVERS s CHILD DEVELOPMENT s CHILD DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS s CHILD LABOR s CHILDREN IN PRESCHOOL s CHILDREN IN SCHOOLS s CHRONIC DISEASE s CITIZENS s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM LEVEL s COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT s COGNITIVE OUTCOMES s COGNITIVE STIMULATION s COHORT ANALYSIS s COMPLETION RATES s COMPULSORY EDUCATION s COMPULSORY SCHOOLING s COMPUTER LITERACY s COSTS OF EDUCATION s CURRICULA s CURRICULAR REFORMS s DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DISADVANTAGED SCHOOLS s DISCRIMINATORY ATTITUDES s DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES s DISSEMINATION s EARLY CHILD DEVELOPMENT s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT s EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION s EARLY EDUCATION s EARLY INTERVENTION s EARLY MARRIAGES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY s EDUCATION LAW s EDUCATION OUTCOMES s EDUCATION POLICIES s EDUCATION PROGRAMS s EDUCATION RADIO s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS s EDUCATIONAL ASPIRATIONS s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT s EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES s EDUCATIONAL POLICY s ELDERLY s ENROLLMENT RATE s ENROLMENT GAP s ENROLMENT RATE s ENROLMENT RATES s EQUAL ACCESS s EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES s ETHNIC DISCRIMINATION s ETHNIC MINORITY s FORMAL EDUCATION s FORMS OF EDUCATION s FUNCTIONAL ILLITERACY s FUNCTIONAL LITERACY s FUNCTIONAL LITERACY RATE s GENDER GAP s GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION s GIRLS s GIRLS IN EDUCATION s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s GROSS ENROLMENT s GROSS ENROLMENT RATE s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS s HEALTH SECTOR s HIGH SCHOOLS s HIGHER ENROLMENT s HIGHER LEVEL OF EDUCATION s HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s ILLITERACY s ILLITERACY RATES s ILLNESS s INCLUSIVE EDUCATION s INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS s INTERVENTIONS s JOB CREATION s KINDERGARTEN s KINDERGARTENS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LANGUAGE EDUCATION s LEARNING s LEARNING ACHIEVEMENTS s LEARNING RESOURCES s LEGAL STATUS s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFELONG LEARNING s LITERACY s LITERACY POLICIES s LITERACY RATES s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION s LOWER SECONDARY LEVEL s MEAT s NATIONAL EDUCATION s NATIONAL LANGUAGE s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL POLICIES s NUMBER OF CHILDREN s NUMBER OF PERSONS s NUMBER OF SCHOOLS s PARENTAL SATISFACTION s PARTICIPATION IN EDUCATION s PARTICIPATION OF GIRLS s PARTICIPATION RATES s PENSIONS s POLICY FORMULATION s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY MAKERS s POPULATION DIVISION s PRESCHOOL EDUCATION s PRESCHOOL ENROLLMENT s PRESCHOOL LEVEL s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY LEVEL s PROGRESS s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s QUALITATIVE INFORMATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s READERS s READING s REDUCING ILLITERACY s REGIONAL POLICY s REGULAR SCHOOLS s REMEDIAL EDUCATION s RESPECT s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SANITATION s SCHOOL ACTIVITIES s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOL CHILDREN s SCHOOL COMPLETION s SCHOOL CULTURE s SCHOOL DROPOUT s SCHOOL ENROLMENT s SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT s SCHOOL FACILITIES s SCHOOL FAILURE s SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE s SCHOOL INSPECTORS s SCHOOL LEAVERS s SCHOOL LEVEL s SCHOOL LIBRARY s SCHOOL PARTICIPATION s SCHOOL PROGRAM s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOCIAL SERVICES s SPECIAL EDUCATION s SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS s SPECIAL SCHOOLS s STUDENT ASSESSMENTS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TEACHER s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TELEVISION s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TRAINING FOR TEACHERS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TV s UNEMPLOYED YOUTH s URBAN SCHOOLS s URBAN WOMEN s VICIOUS CYCLE s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WORK FORCE s WORKING-AGE POPULATION s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUTH pha English en_US Romanian Roma families today constitute a large, young, and extremely poor ethnic minority group, facing exclusion from markets and services. Investments in Roma inclusion are essential for Romania to achieve its Europe 2020 social inclusion goals, and the considerable returns on such investments will lay a more solid foundation for achieving sustained, shared prosperity across Romanian society. Therefore, Roma inclusion is not only a moral imperative, but also smart economics for Romania. This report discusses what it will take for Romania to achieve the socioeconomic inclusion of its Roma population. The report identifies the most important socioeconomic achievement gaps of Romanian Roma. It identifies obstacles to Roma inclusion and examines the relevant institutional framework. It draws policy recommendations based on the observed gaps in outcomes and policies, informed by evidence on what works from international experience. These recommendations focus on providing support and enhancing opportunities for the next generation of Roma while helping to improve the living conditions of the current generation. In this context, the report is organized as follows: chapter one focuses on Roma inclusion is smart economics for Romania; chapter two presents socioeconomic achievement gaps of Roma; chapter three focuses on obstacles to Roma inclusion; and chapter four presents priority interventions and policy measures 40 17-11-21 00:19:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874418 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17796 Volltext, Open Access

175972985X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:35.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972985X OCoLC 1255602556 WBOKR 17788 EBP 064559890 KEP 064559890 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17788 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Pakistan Development Update, April 2014 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Pakistan South Asia s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY s ARREARS s ASSET PORTFOLIO s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s AUDITS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK BORROWING s BANK BORROWINGS s BANK DEBT s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIS POINTS s BENEFICIARIES s BLUE CHIP s BOND s BOND INDEX s BONDS s BOOST TO GROWTH s BROAD MONEY s BUDGETARY DEFICIT s BUDGETARY SUPPORT s BUSINESS REGULATIONS s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET REFORMS s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER SPENDING s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STANDARDS s COUNTRY RISK s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDITORS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT s DEBT REPAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICE s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC INTEREST RATES s DOMESTIC SECURITIES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC REFORM s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUITY MARKET s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORTERS s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FARMERS s FEDERAL GRANTS s FEDERAL TAXES s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL INFLOWS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENTS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCING NEEDS s FISCAL BURDEN s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL DISCIPLINE s FIXED RATE s FLOATING DEBT s FOREIGN ASSET s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN PORTFOLIO s FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s FREE ACCESS s FREE TRADE s FREE TRADE AGREEMENT s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNANCE STANDARDS s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BORROWINGS s GOVERNMENT PAPERS s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GROWTH RATES s INCOME s INFLATION s INFLATION RATES s INFLATIONARY EXPECTATIONS s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE CHANGES s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES s INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTING s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s ISSUANCE s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LEVY s LIFE INSURANCE s LIMITED ACCESS s LOAN s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN SIZE s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET CONFIDENCE s MARKET DIVERSIFICATION s MARKET LIQUIDITY s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MICRO INSURANCE s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE SECTOR s MONETARY FINANCING s MONETARY FUND s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OIL PRICES s OUTPUT s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRIVATIZATION s PRIVATIZATIONS s PRODUCTION CAPACITY s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC OFFERINGS s PUT OPTION s REAL ESTATE s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s REFORM PROGRAM s REGISTRATION PROCESS s REGISTRATION SYSTEM s REGULATOR s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENTS s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s RETURNS s RISE IN INFLATION s RISK OF DEBT s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SETTLEMENT s SHORT-TERM INSTRUMENTS s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOLVENCY s SPOT MARKET s STATE BANK s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKET CAPITALIZATION s STOCK MARKETS s STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s SUSTAINABLE REFORMS s T-BILLS s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX OBLIGATIONS s TAX POLICY s TAX RATES s TAX RETURNS s TAX SYSTEM s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL DEBT s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE RELATIONS s TRADE SECTOR s TRADING s TRANCHE s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s TRUST FUND s TURNOVER s UNION s VARIABLE RATES s WEAK CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s WITHHOLDING TAX English en_US Pakistan's economy is weak but at a turning point. Growth recovery is underway, with the projected GDP growth approaching 3.6-4.0 percent, driven by dynamic manufacturing and service sectors, better energy availability, and early revival of investor confidence. Inflation is steady at 7.9 percent (y-o-y). The fiscal deficit is contained at around 6 percent of GDP due to improved tax collection and restricted current and development expenditure. The current account deficit remains modest, at around 1 percent of GDP, supported by strong remittances and export dynamism, and the external position is slowly improving since monetary and exchange rate policies switched gear toward rebuilding reserves last November. Performance under the IMF program remains satisfactory, with the 2nd Review concluded on March 24. Domestic and external risks, however, remain high, but are declining. Economic activity is gradually improving. Preliminary data for FY14 show growth picking up, driven mainly by services and manufacturing. A significant correction of a loose fiscal stance is taking place to ensure sustainability. Pakistan is on track to meet a fiscal deficit target of 5.8 percent of GDP in FY14. The external position is fragile but strengthening. The current account deficit was small, at around 1 percent of GDP by end-FY13 and remains so. In contrast, net official foreign exchange reserves declined to the equivalent of 1.3 months of imports at the end of June 2013 (bottoming down to 0.6 month of imports by the end of November 2013). Three sources of risk appear worrisome. Pakistan imports more than it exports, the latter being constrained by low productivity and competitiveness, limited access to reliable energy, and cumbersome business regulations 40 17-11-21 00:19:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874426 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17788 Volltext, Open Access

1759729868

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729868 OCoLC 1255602609 WBOKR 17890 EBP 064559882 KEP 064559882 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17890 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Livestock Assets, Livestock Income and Rural Households Cross-Country Evidence from Household Surveys Joachim Otte VerfasserIn aut Ugo Pica-Ciamarra VerfasserIn aut Luca Tasciotti VerfasserIn aut Alberto Zezza VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Africa s ACCESS TO ASSETS s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s ALPACA s ANIMAL s ANIMAL DISEASES s ANIMAL GENETICS s ANIMAL PRODUCTION s ANIMAL PRODUCTS s BEEF s BIRDS s BODY WEIGHT s BREED s BREEDING s BUFFALO s BUFFALOES s CASH INCOME s CATTLE s CATTLE HERD s CATTLE PRICES s CHICKEN s CHICKENS s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s CONSUMPTION OF MILK s CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING s COWS s CROP DIVERSIFICATION s CROP RESIDUES s CULTURAL CHANGE s DAIRY s DAIRY COWS s DAIRY FARMERS s DAIRY MARKETING s DAIRY PRODUCTION s DAIRY PROJECT s DAIRY SYSTEMS s DEMAND FOR LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s DETERMINANTS s DRAFT POWER s DRAUGHT ANIMALS s DROUGHT s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EGGS s EMPLOYMENT GENERATION s FARM s FARM ANIMALS s FARM INCOME s FARM PRODUCTIVITY s FARM SIZE s FARMING SYSTEMS s FARMS s FATTENING s FEED s FEEDING s FLOCK s FLOCK SIZE s FLOCKS s FODDER s FOOD POLICY s FOOD SECURITY s GLOBAL POVERTY s GOATS s GUINEA PIGS s HERD COMPOSITION s HERD SIZE s HERDS s HIGHLANDS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD INCOMES s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s INCOME FROM LIVESTOCK s INCOME QUINTILE s INEQUALITY s INSURANCE s INSURANCE MARKETS s LANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS s LIVE ANIMALS s LIVE WEIGHT s LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK ACTIVITIES s LIVESTOCK ASSET s LIVESTOCK ASSETS s LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT s LIVESTOCK FARMING s LIVESTOCK FARMS s LIVESTOCK INCOME s LIVESTOCK INVENTORY s LIVESTOCK KEEPING s LIVESTOCK MARKETS s LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP s LIVESTOCK POLICIES s LIVESTOCK POLICY s LIVESTOCK POPULATIONS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SCIENCE s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTIVITY s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s LIVESTOCK RESEARCH s LIVESTOCK REVOLUTION s LIVESTOCK SECTOR s LIVESTOCK SPECIES s LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS s LIVESTOCK UNITS s LIVING STANDARDS s MANURE s MARKET ACCESS s MEAT s MIGRATION s MILK s MILK PRODUCTION s MOUNTAIN REGION s MOUNTAIN REGIONS s NET INCOME s NUTRITION s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s PASTORAL AREAS s PASTORAL PEOPLES s PEACOCK s PIGS s POOR FARMERS s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR PEOPLE s POOR POPULATION s POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s POORER HOUSEHOLDS s PORK s PORK INDUSTRY s POULTRY s POULTRY FARMS s POULTRY INDUSTRY s POULTRY SCIENCE s POULTRY SECTOR s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINKAGES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES s POVERTY THRESHOLD s PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s RANCHERS s REGIONAL OFFICE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RUMINANTS s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL GROWTH s RURAL HOUSEHOLD s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INCOME s RURAL INCOME GENERATION s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RURAL LIVESTOCK s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION s SAVINGS s SHEEP s SMALL FARMS s SMALL RUMINANTS s SMALL-SCALE FARMERS s SMALLHOLDER FARMERS s SMALLHOLDER LIVESTOCK s SMALLHOLDERS s SOCIAL CAPITAL s TARGETING s VETERINARY s VETERINARY SERVICES s WEALTH GROUPS s WEIGHT GAIN pha English en_US This paper investigates the livestock asset positions of rural households and the contribution of livestock to their income in 12 developing countries. It draws on the FAO Rural Income Generating Activities (RIGA) database, which allows cross-country comparisons of household surveys. The majority of rural households keep livestock; the rural poor, defined as those living in rural areas and belonging to the bottom expenditure quintile, are more likely to keep livestock than those in higher quintiles; there are minor differences in herd composition between households, and the contribution of livestock to total income is overall small, with no significant differences across households 40 17-11-21 00:19:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874434 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17890 Volltext, Open Access

1759729876

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729876 OCoLC 1255602587 WBOKR 17889 EBP 064559874 KEP 064559874 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17889 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Measuring the Contribution of Livestock to Household Livelihoods A Livestock Module for Multi-topic Household Surveys Derek Baker VerfasserIn aut Nancy Morgan VerfasserIn aut Ugo Pica-Ciamarra VerfasserIn aut Alberto Zezza VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Africa s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURE s ANIMAL s ANIMAL BREEDS s ANIMAL FOODS s ANIMAL HEALTH s ANIMAL POWER s ANTHRAX s ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION s BEEHIVES s BEES s BIRDS s BREED s BREEDING s BREEDING ANIMAL s BULLS s CALF s CALVES s CASH INCOME s CATTLE s CHICKEN s COWS s CROPS s CURATIVE TREATMENTS s DAIRY s DAIRY PRODUCTS s DETERMINANTS s DEWORMING s DISEASES s DONKEYS s DRAFT POWER s DUCKS s EGG s EGG PRODUCTION s EGGS s EQUINES s FARM s FARM ANIMALS s FEED s FEEDING s FEEDING PRACTICES s FEMALE GOATS s FENCES s FOWL s GEESE s GENDER s GLOBAL LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s GOAT s GOATS s GRAZING s HEIFERS s HEIFERS COWS s HERD s HERD STRUCTURE s HERDING s HORSES s HOUSING s LIVE WEIGHT s LIVELIHOODS s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK ASSETS s LIVESTOCK DATA s LIVESTOCK KEEPING s LIVESTOCK OUTPUTS s LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP s LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s LIVESTOCK RESEARCH s LIVESTOCK SECTOR s LIVESTOCK SPECIES s MANURE s MEAT s MEAT PRODUCTION s MILK s MILK PRODUCTION s MILKED s MILKING s MULES s OXEN s PACK ANIMALS s PADDOCKS s PIG s PIG PRODUCTION s PIG PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s PIGS s POOR LIVESTOCK KEEPERS s POPULATION GROWTH s POULTRY s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR s RABBITS s RUMINANTS s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s SAFETY NET s SHEEP s SMALL RUMINANTS s TICKS s TURKEYS s URBAN AREAS s URBANIZATION s VACCINATION SERVICES s VETERINARY s VETERINARY SERVICES s VILLAGE pha English en_US About 60 percent of rural households in developing countries are estimated to fully or partly depend on livestock for their livelihoods. Available household level livestock data, however, are insufficient to appreciate the contribution of livestock to household livelihoods, including both the monetary and non-monetary benefits provided by farm animals. This challenges the design and implementation of effective investments in the sector. This paper presents a livestock module for multi-topic household surveys, which targets improved livestock-related questions therein. The livestock module for multi-topic household surveys has been jointly elaborated by the FAO, the ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute) and the World Bank, as part of the Livestock Data for Better Policies in Africa Project. It consists of a core set of questions, which quantify both livestock herd and the various contributions of farm animals to household livelihoods, including cash income, food, manure, draft power and hauling services, savings and insurance and social capital. It then includes additional detailed questions on livestock characteristics (e.g. breeding, branding, etc.), husbandry practices (e.g. feeding, watering, etc.) and outputs (e.g. milk, dung, etc.) which, depending on the country, may or may not be included in multi-topic household surveys. The module is a public good, which has been used to develop multi-topic household questionnaires in collaboration with country governments in Niger, Tanzania and Uganda. Data from these surveys will be freely available for analysis in 2012 and 2013, providing an unprecedented opportunity to enhance the understanding of the livestock poverty-wellbeing linkages at the household level 40 17-11-21 00:19:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874442 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17889 Volltext, Open Access

1759729884

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729884 OCoLC 1255602689 WBOKR 17888 EBP 064559866 KEP 064559866 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17888 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Linking Smallholders to Livestock Markets in Tanzania Combing Market and Household Survey Data Derek Baker VerfasserIn aut John Chassama VerfasserIn aut Mohamadou Fadiga VerfasserIn aut Longin Nsiima VerfasserIn aut Ugo Pica-Ciamarra VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Africa Tanzania s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO MARKETS s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURE s ANIMAL s ANIMAL DISEASES s ANIMAL FEEDS s ANIMAL FOOD s ANIMAL FOODS s ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES s ANIMAL SOURCE FOODS s ANIMAL WELFARE s AVERAGE PRICES s BEEF s BEEF CATTLE s BREED s BREEDING s BREEDS s BULLS s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY s BUYERS s CALVES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CATTLE s CATTLE PRICES s COMMERCIALIZATION s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES s COMPETITIVENESS s CROPS s DAIRY s DAIRY CATTLE s DAIRY COWS s DATA ENTRY s DOMAINS s DONKEYS s EGGS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE s FARM s FARMER s FARMERS s FARMS s FEED s FEED ADDITIVES s FISHERIES s FODDER s GENDER s GENERAL PUBLIC s GENETIC RESOURCES s GOAT MEAT s GOATS s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GRAZING s GRAZING LAND s HERD SIZE s HIGHLANDS s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s INFORMATION NETWORK s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INNOVATION s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INTEGRATION s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LIMITED ACCESS s LIVE ANIMALS s LIVE WEIGHT s LIVELIHOODS s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK ACTIVITIES s LIVESTOCK DATA s LIVESTOCK EXTENSION s LIVESTOCK EXTENSION SERVICES s LIVESTOCK INCOME s LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY s LIVESTOCK INFORMATION s LIVESTOCK KEEPERS s LIVESTOCK KEEPING s LIVESTOCK MARKET s LIVESTOCK MARKETING s LIVESTOCK MARKETS s LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP s LIVESTOCK POLICY s LIVESTOCK PRICE s LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s LIVESTOCK RESEARCH s LIVESTOCK SECTOR s LIVESTOCK SUPPORT s LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS s MANURE s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DEVELOPMENTS s MARKET ENTRY s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET OPPORTUNITIES s MARKET PLACE s MARKET PLACES s MARKET PRICE s MARKET PRICES s MARKETPLACE s MEAT s MEAT PRODUCTION s MILK s MILK PRODUCTION s MOBILE PHONE s NATIONAL LIVESTOCK s OPEN MARKET s PASTURES s PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s PIGS s PORK s POULTRY s POULTRY MEAT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE INFORMATION s PRICE TRENDS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTS s PRODUCTIVITY s PURCHASING s RADIO s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RELEVANT MARKET s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SALE s SALES s SEARCH QUERY s SHEEP s SLAUGHTERING s SMALLHOLDER LIVESTOCK s SMALLHOLDERS s STANDARD MEASUREMENT s SUPPLY CHAIN s SURPLUS s TARGETS s TRACEABILITY s TRANSMISSION s TROPICAL LIVESTOCK UNIT s TUBERCULOSIS s USER s USERS s USES s VALUE CHAIN s VALUE CHAINS s VECTOR BORNE DISEASES s VERIFICATION s VETERINARY s VETERINARY PUBLIC pha English en_US Linking farmers to markets is widely viewed as a milestone towards promoting economic growth and poverty reduction. However, market and institutional imperfections along the supply chain thwart perfect vertical and spatial price transmission and prevent farmers and market actors from getting access to information, identifying business opportunities and allocating their resources efficiently. This acts as a barrier to market-led rural development and poverty reduction. This paper reviews and analyses household information, and the major livestock market and marketing data available in Tanzania, in relation to market-led development possibilities. Household-level data collected by the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics and market data collected and disseminated by the Livestock Information and Knowledge System of the Tanzania Ministry of Industry and Trade are reviewed and utilized together. Both types of data help identify market opportunities for livestock producers, but only their joint use could provide policy makers with the information needed to design and implement policies that facilitate access to markets for livestock producers. Options to promote integration of household-level data and market data are discussed, which would facilitate the implementation of the Tanzania statistical master plan and contribute to the implementation of the global strategy to improve agricultural and rural statistics 40 17-11-21 00:19:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874450 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17888 Volltext, Open Access

1759729892

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:36.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729892 OCoLC 1255602648 WBOKR 17793 EBP 064559858 KEP 064559858 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17793 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Russia Economic Report, No. 31, March 2014 Confidence Crisis Exposes Economic Weakness World Bank VerfasserIn aut Moscow 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Russian Federation s ACCESS TO CAPITAL s ACCOUNTING s AGGREGATE INVESTMENT s ASSETS s AVERAGE OIL PRICE s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK CREDIT s BANK LENDING s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIS POINTS s BOND s BOND INDEX s BOND ISSUANCE s BORROWING COSTS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUFFERS s BUSINESS CONFIDENCE s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s CENTRAL BANK s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s CONFIDENCE INDEX s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER CONFIDENCE s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONSUMER LOANS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CORE INFLATION s CORPORATE PROFIT TAX s CREDIT DEFAULT s CREDIT DEFAULTS s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISKS s CREDITORS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY BASKET s CURRENCY SWAPS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s DEBT PAYMENTS s DEBTS s DEFAULT RISKS s DEPOSIT s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC ECONOMY s DOMESTIC SECURITIES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN s EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY ISSUANCE s EURO ZONE s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE DYNAMICS s EXCHANGE-RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL BALANCES s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEBT PAYMENTS s EXTERNAL DEMAND s FEDERAL BUDGET s FEDERAL BUDGET DEFICIT s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL BALANCES s FISCAL DEFICIT s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED INVESTMENT s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY RESERVES s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN LIABILITIES s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL MARKET s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS CAPITAL FORMATION s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES s IMPORT s IMPORTS s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFLATION TARGETING s INSURANCE s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTERMEDIATION SPREAD s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT DEMAND s INVESTMENT INCOME s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LENDING INTEREST RATES s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LOAN s LOCAL CURRENCIES s LOSS OF CONFIDENCE s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET CONFIDENCE s MINIMUM CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s MONETARY POLICY s MUTUAL FUNDS s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OIL DEMAND s OIL EXPORTS s OIL MARKET s OIL MARKETS s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OIL REVENUE s OIL REVENUES s OIL SUPPLIES s OUTSTANDING DEBT s OUTTURN s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSIONS s POLITICAL RISK s POLITICAL RISKS s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTIES s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO ADJUSTMENT s PORTFOLIOS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PROFIT MARGINS s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s REAL WAGE GROWTH s RECESSION s RELATIVE WEIGHT s REMITTANCES s RESERVE s RESERVE FUND s RESERVES s RISK AVERSION s RISK PREMIUMS s SECURITIES s SLOWDOWN s SPARE CAPACITY s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKET VOLATILITY s STOCK MARKETS s STOCKS s STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS s STRUCTURAL REFORM s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUPPLY CONSTRAINTS s SUPPLY SIDE s SWAP s SWAPS s T-BILLS s TAX s TOTAL DEBT s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE BALANCES s TRADE GROWTH s TRADE SHOCKS s TRADE SURPLUS s TRADING s TRANCHE s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s TREASURY BONDS s TREASURY YIELDS s TREATIES s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s WITHDRAWAL s ZERO INVESTMENT English en_US Real Gross Domestic Product or GDP growth slowed to an estimated 1.3 percent in 2013 from 3.4 percent of 2012. In January 2013, we projected 3.6 percent growth for 2013, but while the global economy has continued to improve at a moderate pace, Russia's is struggling to find its footing. The first part of this report explores the recent economic developments that underlie this slowdown. To emerge from the downturn with improved long-term prospects Russia will need a combination of cyclical and structural policy measures. As the relative weight of the reasons for Russia's downturn is tilted toward structural factors, structural measures will need to lead the rebound. The lack of more comprehensive structural reforms in the past has led to a gradual erosion of investor confidence. This was masked by a growth model based on large investment projects, continued increases in public wages, and transfers, all fueled by sizeable oil revenues. Recent events around the Crimea have compounded the lingering confidence problem into a crisis of confidence and more clearly exposed the economic weakness of this growth model. Investor pessimism became the decisive factor affecting Russia's economic outlook, presented in part two of the report. The special focus note in part three discusses the link between Russia's growth in the past decade and how it fueled an unprecedented growth in household welfare 40 17-11-21 00:19:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874469 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17793 Volltext, Open Access

1759729906

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729906 OCoLC 1255602724 WBOKR 17886 EBP 06455984X KEP 06455984X 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17886 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Livestock and Livelihoods in Rural Tanzania A Descriptive Analysis of the 2009 National Panel Survey Katia Covarrubias VerfasserIn aut Longin Nsiima VerfasserIn aut Alberto Zezza VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Africa Tanzania s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE s ACCESS TO MARKETS s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL LABORERS s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL SELF-EMPLOYMENT s AGRICULTURAL SERVICES s AGRICULTURAL WAGE s AGRICULTURAL WAGE LABOR s AGRICULTURAL WAGES s AGRICULTURE s ANIMAL s ANIMAL BREEDING s ANIMAL DISEASES s ANIMAL ORIGIN s ANIMAL OWNERSHIP s ANIMAL PRODUCTION s ANIMAL VACCINATION s ANIMALS s ANTHRAX s BRUCELLOSIS s BULLS s CALVES s CAMELS s CASH INCOME s CATTLE s CATTLE OWNERSHIP s CATTLE SHEEP s CHEMICAL FERTILIZER s CHICKENS s COMMUNITY GROUP s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONTAGIOUS BOVINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA s COWS s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP PRODUCTS s CROPS s DAIRY s DAIRY PRODUCTS s DEVELOPING REGIONS s DISEASE PREVENTION s DISTRIBUTION OF LAND s DIVERSIFIED INCOME PORTFOLIO s DIVERSIFIED INCOME PORTFOLIOS s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DONKEYS s DRAFT ANIMALS s EAST COAST FEVER s ECONOMICS s EGGS s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EXTENSION SERVICES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FARM s FARM ACTIVITIES s FARM LABOR s FARM SECTOR s FARMERS s FARMING ACTIVITIES s FARMING HOUSEHOLDS s FARMS s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FERTILIZERS s FISHERIES s FODDER s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD EXPENDITURE s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD SECURITY s GENDER s GOATS s HERD COMPOSITION s HERD MANAGEMENT s HERD SIZE s HERD STRUCTURE s HERDERS s HERDS s HIGHLANDS s HORSES s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD PARTICIPATION s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPROVED BREEDS s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME FROM LIVESTOCK s INCOME SHARES s INCOMES s INEQUALITY s INSURANCE s IRRIGATION s LACK OF CREDIT s LAND DISTRIBUTION s LAND HOLDINGS s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND RESOURCES s LAND SIZE s LANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS s LIVE ANIMALS s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK ACTIVITIES s LIVESTOCK ASSETS s LIVESTOCK DATA s LIVESTOCK DISEASE s LIVESTOCK DISEASES s LIVESTOCK EXTENSION s LIVESTOCK HOLDING s LIVESTOCK HUSBANDRY s LIVESTOCK INCOME s LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY s LIVESTOCK KEEPERS s LIVESTOCK KEEPING s LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT s LIVESTOCK MARKET s LIVESTOCK MARKETING s LIVESTOCK OUTPUT s LIVESTOCK OWNERS s LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP s LIVESTOCK POLICY s LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCT s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION EXTENSION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s LIVESTOCK REARING s LIVESTOCK SALES s LIVESTOCK SECTOR s LIVESTOCK SECTORS s LIVESTOCK SHARE s LIVESTOCK SPECIES s LIVESTOCK STATISTICS s LIVESTOCK SUB-SECTOR s LIVESTOCK SUBSECTOR s LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS s LIVESTOCK UNITS s LIVING STANDARDS s MACRO-REGION s MANURE s MARKETING OF LIVESTOCK s MEAT s MILK s MILK SALES s NATIONAL LIVESTOCK s ORGANIC FERTILIZER s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PIG s PIGS s POOR SMALLHOLDER s POORER HOUSEHOLDS s POULTRY s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE TRANSFERS s PUBLIC SERVICES s RABBITS s RABIES s REDUCTION OF POVERTY s RUMINANTS s RUNNING WATER s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DISPARITIES s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL FEMALE s RURAL HOUSEHOLD s RURAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS REPORT s RURAL INCOME s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RURAL LIVESTOCK s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION s RURAL ROADS s RURAL WOMEN s SAVINGS s SCHOOLING s SHEEP s SLAUGHTERED ANIMALS s SLAUGHTERHOUSES s SMALL RUMINANTS s SMALLHOLDER DEVELOPMENT s SMALLHOLDER FARMERS s SMALLHOLDER SECTOR s SMALLHOLDERS s SOCIAL CAPITAL s STEERS s SUBSISTENCE s SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TURKEYS s VACCINATION SERVICES s VACCINES s VETERINARY s VETERINARY SERVICES s WEALTH GROUPS pha English en_US In 2006, the government approved a national livestock policy based on the premise that the livestock industry has an important role to play in building a strong national economy and in the process, reducing inequalities among Tanzanians by increasing their incomes and employment opportunities. This report presents an analysis of rural livelihoods in Tanzania, with particular emphasis on the livestock sub-sector, smallholder farmers' living standards, and issues with access to productive assets. The report attempts to answer basic questions such as: to what extent is keeping livestock an activity of the relatively better off, and to what extent are poorer households able to engage?; how does the role of livestock vary with different levels of income and well-being?; how are livestock holding size and structure associated with differences in welfare, gender, and geography?; how important are input and output markets for small livestock keepers?; what form does this market participation take in practice, and to what extent?; and to what extent do the non-income services of livestock (for example, manure, draught power) benefit crop production? The study is based on data from the Tanzania national panel survey (NPS) collected by the national bureau of statistics (NBS) from October 2008 to October 2009 as part of the first wave of a nationally representative living standards survey. Data was collected using household, agricultural, and community questionnaires in which information was obtained at the individual, household, plot, and community level The report is organized as follows: section one gives background information; description of the data is presented in section two, in section three the authors analyze the composition of rural income, household endowment of human capital, and access to infrastructure and assets, in order to gain an understanding of the level of wellbeing in the rural space. A descriptive analysis of the characteristics of small rural livestock owners and their production practices is provided in section four, which highlights the heterogeneity of the households engaged in the livestock sector and presents evidence of the sector's importance to rural livelihoods in terms of both income and consumption. Section five concludes with a discussion of key results and their implications for policy and further analysis 40 17-11-21 00:19:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874477 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17886 Volltext, Open Access

1759729914

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729914 OCoLC 1255602558 WBOKR 17878 EBP 064559831 KEP 064559831 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17878 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO What are Livestock Indicators? World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Africa s AGRICULTURE s ANIMAL s ANIMAL DISEASES s ANIMAL HEALTH s ANIMAL HEALTH SERVICES s ANIMAL PRODUCTION s ANIMALS s BALANCE SHEETS s BUTTER s CARCASS WEIGHT s CATTLE s CATTLE POPULATION s COMMON GROUND s CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK s COWS s CROPS s DATA COLLECTION s DECISION-MAKING s DISCUSSION s DISEASE PRESSURE s DOCUMENTS s ECONOMICS s EGGS s EXTENSION s FARMERS s FISHERIES s FOOD IMPORTS s GOATS s HIGHLANDS s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s INCOME s LIVE ANIMALS s LIVE WEIGHT s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK DATA s LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT s LIVESTOCK POPULATION s LIVESTOCK POPULATIONS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s LIVESTOCK SECTOR s LIVESTOCK STATISTICS s MEASURES OF DISPERSION s MEAT s MEAT PRODUCTION s MILK s MILK PRODUCTION s NUTRITION s PIGS s POULTRY s PRACTITIONERS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCTIVITY s RANDOMIZATION s RAW DATA s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SAMPLE SURVEYS s SHEEP s SLAUGHTERHOUSES s STATISTICAL CLASSIFICATION s TURKEYS s VARIABILITY s VARIETY s WOOL pha English en_US In the development community indicator is a term more frequently used than 'statistic', as it attracts more attention from potential users, including decision-makers and the media. Indicators transform and communicate data. Data are pieces of information that are either directly observed and collected (primary data) or retrieved from other sources (secondary data), and then processed through appropriate methodologies to produce indicators. Simple indicators are aggregations of data standardized by some time, space, and or other dimensions. Examples for livestock include the number of cattle in a country on a given day; the average number of animals affected by a disease in a given country each year; or the value of live animals exported from a country in a given year. Livestock-related indicators are used for a range of purposes, including analyses of sectors' or value chains' performance, monitoring and evaluation of interventions in the form of policies, programs and projects, and comparisons between countries and sectors. Decision-makers look at indicators from three main perspectives: level of the indicator, showing its status; dispersion or concentration of the indicator, which represents the variability of its status; and trends in the indicator over time, space, or other progressions relevant to the decision being made 40 17-11-21 00:19:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874485 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17878 Volltext, Open Access

1759729922

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729922 OCoLC 1255602676 WBOKR 17880 EBP 064559823 KEP 064559823 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17880 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Collecting Livestock Data A Snapshot of Survey Methods World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Africa s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURE s ANIMAL s ANIMAL DISEASE s ANIMAL DISEASE OUTBREAKS s ANIMAL DISEASES s ANIMAL FEED s ANIMAL FOOD s ANIMAL FOODS s ANIMAL HEALTH s ANIMAL HEALTH SERVICES s ANIMAL HEALTH STAFF s ANIMAL HUSBANDRY s ANIMAL INDUSTRY s ANIMAL MOVEMENTS s ANIMAL POPULATIONS s ANIMAL PRODUCTS s ANIMAL RESOURCES s ANIMAL VACCINATION s ANIMALS s BEEF s BEES s BIRDS s BORDER TRADE s BREED s BREEDING s BREEDS s BRUCELLOSIS s BUFFALOES s BULLS s CALCULATION s CALVES s CATS s CATTLE s CHEESE s CHICKEN s COLLECTED DATA s COMMUNAL GRAZING s COMPETITIVENESS s CONTAGIOUS BOVINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA s COWS s CROPS s CUSTOM s CUSTOMS s CUSTOMS AUTHORITIES s DATA ANALYSIS s DETERMINANTS s DISEASE OUTBREAKS s DOGS s DUCKS s EGGS s ENUMERATION s EQUIPMENT s EXTENSION s EXTENSION SERVICES s FARM s FARM ANIMALS s FARMERS s FARMING HOUSEHOLDS s FARMS s FEED s FEEDING s FISHERIES s FLOW OF INFORMATION s FODDER s GEESE s GENDER s GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS s GOATS s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GRAZING s HIVES s HORSES s HOUSING s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCOME FROM LIVESTOCK s INFORMATION NETWORK s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INNOVATION s INSECTS s INTEGRATION s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s LAND TENURE s LIVE ANIMALS s LIVELIHOODS s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK ANIMALS s LIVESTOCK ASSETS s LIVESTOCK DATA s LIVESTOCK FARMING s LIVESTOCK INCOME s LIVESTOCK INFORMATION s LIVESTOCK KEEPING s LIVESTOCK MARKET s LIVESTOCK MINISTRY s LIVESTOCK NUMBERS s LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP s LIVESTOCK POPULATION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTIVITY s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s LIVESTOCK SECTOR s LIVESTOCK STATISTICS s LIVING CONDITIONS s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET PRICES s MARKETING s MEAT s MEAT INSPECTIONS s MENU s MILK s MILK PRODUCTION s MULES s NATIONAL LIVESTOCK s NUTRITION s OX s PARASITE CONTROL s PIGS s POLICY FORMULATION s POULTRY s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRECISION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SERVICES s RABBITS s RADIO s RELIABILITY s RESULTS s RIFT VALLEY FEVER s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SAMPLE SIZE s SAMPLE SURVEYS s SAMPLING ERRORS s SHEEP s SILKWORMS s SMALLHOLDERS s SPECIES s STANDARD MEASUREMENT s STEERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SURVEY METHODS s TARGETS s TELEPHONE s TIME FRAME s TURKEYS s VACCINES s VALUE CHAIN s VETERINARY s VETERINARY DRUGS s VILLAGES s WATER FOR ANIMALS pha English en_US The design, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation of livestock sector public and private sector investments are based on evidence and information generated by a multitude of data collection systems, including regular and one-off, or ad-hoc, surveys. This note reviews the major survey methods that are regularly implemented by developing country governments, including: the agricultural and livestock census; agricultural and livestock sample surveys; household budget surveys; living standards measurement studies; administrative records or routine data; and others, such as the population and housing census and labor surveys. It identifies the major livestock-related indicators that the various surveys for which the prime target rarely is livestock are likely to generate. Understanding these data sources is critical for decision makers to make appropriate use of available data and indicators, and is the first step in designing and setting up a comprehensive livestock data collection system. The note concludes by highlighting that a system of livestock statistics must be seen as part of a broader framework of statistical collection on a national level and that the effective integration of livestock data, whether derived through broader agricultural surveys, administrative records, or one-off surveys, is essential for ensuring quality data which can feed into policy formulation or designing effective investments in the livestock sector 40 17-11-21 00:19:12.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874493 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17880 Volltext, Open Access

1759729930

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:36.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729930 OCoLC 1255602634 WBOKR 17885 EBP 064559815 KEP 064559815 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17885 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO El Salvador Country Land Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource El Salvador Latin America & Caribbean s ACCESS TO LAND s ACQUISITION COSTS s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AUTONOMOUS ENTITY s AUTONOMY s BANK RESTRUCTURING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSOLIDATION s CONSTRUCTION s DEBT s DECENTRALIZATION s DECISION MAKING s DEFORESTATION s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EMPLOYMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s FARMS s FOREST MANAGEMENT s HOUSING s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INDIGENOUS PEOPLES s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK s INVENTORY s LAND DEVELOPMENT s LAND MARKETS s LAND PRICES s LAND SUPPLY s LAND TAXES s LAND TENURE s LAND USE s LARGE CITIES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGISLATION s LOCAL LEVEL s LOGGING s MANDATES s MARKET PRICES s MAYORS s MUNICIPAL COUNCILS s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS s MUNICIPAL LEVEL s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPALITIES s MUNICIPALITY s NATURAL RESOURCES s NET LOSS s PASTURES s POLICY INSTRUMENTS s POLITICAL COMMITMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE PROPERTY s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC POLICIES s PUBLIC POLICY s PUBLIC SERVICES s REDUCING EMISSIONS s REGIONAL CITIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RURAL PROPERTY s SECONDARY CITIES s STATE LANDS s SUBDIVISIONS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE USE s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TERMS OF TRADE s TRADE UNIONS s TRADEOFFS s TRANSACTION COSTS s URBAN s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CONGESTION s URBAN CRIME s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN EXPANSION s URBAN FRINGE s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN LAND s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN POOR s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN PROJECTS s URBAN SECTOR s URBAN SETTLEMENTS s URBANIZATION s VACANT LAND s WAGES English en_US This study assesses the alignment of land use, land tenure, and land market outcomes in El Salvador with public policy aspirations in recent decades for efficient, inclusive, and environmentally sustainable development in both urban and rural spaces. In doing so the study indirectly gauges the effectiveness of land sector institutions in facilitating such developmental outcomes in agricultural production, urbanization, and forest management. Chapter 1 briefly reviews some of the prominent struggles over land in El Salvador and outlines the salient features of today's institutional framework for land governance. Chapter 2 asks the question, "How effective have public policy interventions, including the Agrarian Reform, been in reducing rural inequality and tenure insecurity?". Chapter 3 explores what has happened to the lands transferred to Agrarian Reform cooperatives under the last iterations of the Agrarian Reform. Chapter 4 asks the question, "How has land governance in El Salvador responded to the challenges of urban land supply in the last decade?". In Chapter 5 the extent to which urban spatial expansion in El Salvador has been occurring in an inclusive way is explored. Chapter 6 presents the findings of the original analyses of land use in relation to deforestation. Chapter 7 analyzes available land market data in three Departments, Ahuachapan, Santa Ana, and Sonsonate, to identify trends and land use dynamism in the first decade of this century. Chapter 8 looks at the study's empirical findings from a more integrated, cross-sectoral perspective so that their implications for public policy are better understood. The final Chapter of the study presents policy options for consideration by the Government of El Salvador and the country's civil society organizations in order to address the key challenges related to land tenure, land use, and territorial planning 40 17-11-21 00:19:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874507 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17885 Volltext, Open Access

1759729949

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:36.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729949 OCoLC 1255602750 WBOKR 17787 EBP 064559807 KEP 064559807 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17787 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bangladesh Development Update, April 2014 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Bangladesh South Asia s ACCOUNTING s AGGREGATE DEMAND s ASSET RATIO s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK BORROWING s BANKING ASSETS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BROAD MONEY s BROKERAGE s BROKERAGE HOUSES s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUSINESS BORROWERS s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL ACCOUNTS s CAPITAL ACCUMULATION s CAPITAL GOODS s CAPITAL GOODS IMPORTS s CAPITAL MARKET s CENTRAL BANK s COLLATERALS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVE MARKET s CONSUMER CONFIDENCE s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMPTION DEMAND s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CREDIT ENHANCEMENT s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT INCREASE s CREDIT SQUEEZE s CREDIT-WORTHINESS s CROP VALUE s CURRENCY s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS s DEBT s DEBT SERVICE s DEFAULT RISK s DEMAND FOR CREDIT s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DURABLE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXCESS SUPPLY s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE STABILITY s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORTERS s EXTERNAL BALANCE s EXTERNAL BALANCES s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCIAL HEALTH s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL BURDEN s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN ASSET s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN FINANCING s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GLOBAL TRADE s GOVERNMENT BANK s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROWTH PERFORMANCE s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HOLDING s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMBALANCE s IMPORT s IMPORT GROWTH s IMPORTS s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTEREST EXPENDITURE s INTEREST INCOME s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVENTORIES s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT DEMAND s INVESTMENT REGULATIONS s INVESTMENT RISK s INVESTMENT SPENDING s LABOR STANDARDS s LENDERS s LIQUIDITY PROBLEM s LOAN s LOCAL MARKET s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET CAPITALIZATION s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRICE s MARKET SHARE s MARKET STRUCTURE s MARKET TURNOVER s MARKET VALUE s MATURITY s MONETARY AGGREGATES s MONETARY POLICY s MONETARY PROGRAM s MONETARY RESTRAINT s MONEY MARKET s NATIONAL SAVING s NATIONAL SAVINGS s NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OPPORTUNITY COST s OUTSTANDING STOCK s OVERDUE LOANS s POLITICAL CLIMATE s POLITICAL STABILITY s POLITICAL TURMOIL s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTIES s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE STABILITY s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE CREDIT GROWTH s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS s RATE OF GROWTH s RATE OF RETURN s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL WAGE GROWTH s RECURRENT EXPENDITURES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENTS s RESERVE s RESERVE MONEY s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RETAIL PRICE s RETAIL PRICES s RETURN ON ASSET s RETURNS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS CERTIFICATES s SECURITIES s SETTLEMENT s SHAREHOLDERS s SHORTFALL s SHORTFALLS s SLACK s SLOWDOWN s SOVEREIGN RATING s STOCK EXCHANGES s STOCK MARKET s STRUCTURAL REFORM s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUPPLY CAPACITY s SUPPLY DISRUPTIONS s SUPPLY SHOCK s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TERRORISM s TOTAL EXPORTS s TRADE CREDIT s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TRUST FUND s WEAK DEMAND s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US Bangladesh moved closer to achieving the sixth five year plan target of reducing extreme poverty to 22.5 percent by 2015 as it sustained healthy gross domestic product (GDP) growth and moderate single digit inflation in FY2014. However, growth this year slowed relative to last year with declining remittances and losses due to political turmoil. Sound macroeconomic management kept inflation in check, although it increased somewhat due to the one-off effects of supply disruptions and wage increases. Official foreign exchange reserves increased to an adequate level as Bangladesh Bank intervened to keep the exchange rate stable. Weak demand for credit reduced interest rates. Monetary policy remained prudent while fiscal management challenged by shortfall in tax revenue, demand for support from sectors adversely affected by the political turmoil, and under-utilization of development budget. The fund's extended credit facility (ECF) is on track. Immediate challenges are to boost investments in power and roads; manage the transition in readymade garments; and stem the decline in remittances 40 17-11-21 00:19:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874515 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17787 Volltext, Open Access

1759729957

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:36.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729957 OCoLC 1255602495 WBOKR 17784 EBP 064559793 KEP 064559793 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17784 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Cambodia Economic Update, April 2014 Coping with Domestic Pressures and Gaining from a Strengthened Global Economy World Bank VerfasserIn aut Phnom Penh 2014 1 Online-Ressource Cambodia East Asia and Pacific s ADVERSE EFFECTS s ANNUAL BUDGETS s ARREARS s BANK LIQUIDITY s BANKING SYSTEM s BILL s BROAD MONEY s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUDGET CLASSIFICATION s BUDGET DATA s BUDGET DOES s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL SPENDING s CAPITAL STOCK s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s CIVIL SERVANTS s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE REFORM s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s CONTROL SYSTEMS s CREDIT GROWTH s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEFICITS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT MONEY BANK s DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS s DEPOSITS s DEPRECIATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DOLLAR EXCHANGE RATE s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC REVENUE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE TARGETING s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORTER s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FUNDING s EXTERNAL POSITION s FIDUCIARY ASSESSMENT s FINANCIAL ACCOUNT s FINANCIAL CONDITIONS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL POSITION s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SECTORS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL AFFORDABILITY s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL REPORTING s FISCAL SHOCKS s FIXED ASSET s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN TRADE s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL TRADE s GOLD s GOVERNMENT DEPOSITS s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SAVINGS s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES s HOLDINGS s HUMAN RESOURCE s IMPORT s IMPORT GROWTH s IMPORTS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATES s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s LABOR MARKET s LENDER s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s LOAN s LOCAL CURRENCIES s LOCAL CURRENCY s LONG-TERM INTEREST s LONG-TERM INTEREST RATES s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s LOW-INCOME COUNTRY s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MAJOR CURRENCIES s MARKET INSTABILITY s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MINISTRY OF ECONOMY s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY POLICY s MONETARY SECTOR s MONEY GROWTH s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES s MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES s NATIONAL AUDIT s NATIONAL BANK s NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE s OIL PRICES s OTHER CURRENCIES s PEG s PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT s PETROLEUM PRICES s POLITICAL STABILITY s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s POST-CRISIS PERIOD s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROVINCIAL EXPENDITURES s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC WORKS s REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT s REAL ESTATE INVESTMENTS s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL GROWTH s REFORM PROGRAM s REGIONAL INFLATION s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REMUNERATION s RESERVES s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RETURN s REVENUE GROWTH s REVENUE TARGET s SECTORAL ALLOCATION s SECTORAL ALLOCATIONS s SECTORAL BREAKDOWN s SERVICE FACILITIES s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SHORT-TERM INTEREST RATE s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SURPLUSES s SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BASE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TOTAL CREDIT s TOTAL EXPORT s TOTAL IMPORT s TOTAL IMPORTS s TOTAL INVESTMENTS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE DEFICITS s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE SURPLUS s TRADING s TRADING PARTNERS s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY SECURITIES s WAGE EXPENDITURE s WAGE EXPENDITURES s WAGE POLICY English en_US Cambodia's economy has withstood domestic pressures and managed to sustain its high growth driven by its usual engines of growth. The external sector improved as a result of slower imports due to dampened domestic demand. The post-election adverse effects slowed down the demand for imports, while export growth advanced. Inflation rose to 4.7 percent year-on-year at the end of 2013, up from 2.5 percent at the end of 2012. Inflation is projected to remain in mid-single-digits over the short term. Financial deepening continues but the gap between credit and deposit growth rates has widened, reducing bank liquidity. Government revenue growth has moderated, resulting in an increase in the fiscal deficit. The latest joint World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) debt-sustainability analysis (DSA) conducted in 2013 shows that Cambodia's debt-distress rating remains low, with all debt-burden indicators projected to be below respective thresholds. The prospects for sustaining high growth appear favorable, and real growth for 2014 is projected to reach 7.2 percent, given expectations of renewed confidence and political stability, underpinned by the strengthening of the economic recovery in developed economies. Appropriately managing domestic pressures in order to gain from the improved global economic environment will help maintain macroeconomic stability. Enhancing regional integration will also enable Cambodia to benefit more from the growth dynamics throughout the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region. While Cambodia does have some fiscal space to increase wages, a cautious and careful approach to pay raise may work best 40 17-11-21 00:19:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874523 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17784 Volltext, Open Access

1759729965

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729965 OCoLC 1255602758 WBOKR 17794 EBP 064559785 KEP 064559785 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17794 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Gender and Development Mainstreaming Country Gender Assessment 2012, Philippines World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Philippines s ABORTION s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ADOLESCENT PREGNANCIES s ADOLESCENTS s ADVANCEMENT OF WOMEN s AGRARIAN REFORM s ANTENATAL CARE s ARMED CONFLICT s BABIES s BOTH SEXES s CANCER s CENSUS OF POPULATION s CHILD HEALTH s CHILD LABOR s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD MORTALITY RATE s CHILDBEARING s CHILDBIRTH s CHILDREN PER WOMAN s CITIZENS s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CONDOM s CONDOMS s CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE s CONTRACEPTIVE USE s CULTURAL PRACTICE s DEMOCRACY s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DEVELOPMENT GOALS s DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES s DISABILITY s DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN s DISSEMINATION s DIVORCE s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s DRUGS s ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC STATUS s ELDERLY s ELDERLY POPULATION s ELEMENTARY EDUCATION s EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN s ENROLMENT RATIO FOR GIRLS s EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES s EQUAL OPPORTUNITY s EQUAL RIGHTS s EXPERIENCED VIOLENCE s FAMILY HEALTH s FAMILY MEMBERS s FAMILY PLANNING s FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES s FERTILITY s FERTILITY RATE s FERTILITY RATES s FIRST BIRTH s FIRST MARRIAGE s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD SECURITY s FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER DISPARITIES s GENDER EQUALITY s GENDER GAP s GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION s GENDER INEQUALITIES s GENDER ISSUES s GENDER MAINSTREAMING s GENDER PARITY s GENDER PARITY INDEX s GIRL CHILD s GOVERNMENT AGENCIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS ENROLMENT RATIO s GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH PROBLEMS s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SYSTEM s HIV s HOSPITAL s HOUSEHOLD ASSETS s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RIGHTS s IDEAL FAMILY SIZE s IMMUNIZATION s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME INEQUALITY s INDIGENOUS PEOPLES s INEQUITIES s INFANT s INFANT MORTALITY s INFANT MORTALITY RATE s INFORMED CHOICES s INHERITANCE s INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION s INVESTMENT IN CHILDREN s INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION s JOB CREATION s LABOR CODE s LABOR FORCE s LABOUR FORCE s LABOUR MARKET s LACK OF AWARENESS s LAND TENURE s LEGAL STATUS s LEGISLATIVE CHANGES s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVE BIRTHS s LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s MANDATES s MARRIED WOMEN s MASS COMMUNICATION s MATERNAL DEATHS s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE s METHOD OF FAMILY PLANNING s MIDWIFE s MIGRATION s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s MOTHER s NATIONAL AIDS s NATIONAL GOVERNMENT s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNING s NEWS AGENCY s NURSE s OLDER WOMEN s OWNERSHIP OF LAND s PEACE s PLAN OF ACTION s POLICIES ON GENDER s POLICY MAKERS s POOR FAMILIES s POPULATION DIVISION s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION GROWTH RATE s POPULATION PROJECTIONS s POPULOUS COUNTRIES s POSTNATAL CARE s PREGNANCY s PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS s PREVENTION METHODS s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SYSTEM s PROGRESS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC POLICY s REMITTANCES s REPRODUCTIVE AGE s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE s REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES s REPRODUCTIVE ROLES s REPRODUCTIVE ROLES OF WOMEN s RESPECT s RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD s RURAL AREAS s SAFE WATER s SAFETY NETS s SCHOOL CHILDREN s SCHOOL ENROLMENT s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECURITY SITUATION s SEX s SEXUAL ACTIVITY s SEXUAL INTERCOURSE s SEXUAL ORIENTATION s SEXUAL PARTNER s SEXUAL RISK s SEXUALITY s SIGNIFICANT POLICY s SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SERVICES s TEENAGE PREGNANCIES s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY LEVEL s TETANUS s TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT s TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT LEVELS s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNFPA s UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT FUND FOR WOMEN s UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND s UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN SLUMS s VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN s WOMAN s WORKING-AGE POPULATIONS s WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION s WORLD POPULATION s YOUNG ADULT s YOUNG PEOPLE s YOUNG WOMEN s YOUTH DEVELOPMENT pha English en_US Just as development means less poverty or better access to justice, it also means fewer gaps in wellbeing between males and females. Women's empowerment and gender equality are development objectives in their own right, as embodied in the Millennium Development Goals. It is espoused as well in the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), ratified by the Philippines in 1981; the convention established a comprehensive framework for the advancement of women and has been mainstreamed in the Magna Carta of Women, RA 9710. Gender equality is smart economics: it can enhance economic efficiency and improve other development outcomes in three ways: first, removing barriers that prevent women from having the same access as men to education, economic opportunities, and productive inputs can generate broad productivity gains. Second, improving women's absolute and relative status contributes too many other development outcomes, including those for their children. Third, leveling the playing field, where women and men have equal chances to become socially and politically active, make decisions, and shape policies, is likely to lead to more representative, and more inclusive, institutions and policy choices and thus to a better development path 40 17-11-21 00:19:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874531 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17794 Volltext, Open Access

1759729973

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:36.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729973 OCoLC 1255602730 WBOKR 17783 EBP 064559777 KEP 064559777 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17783 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Decentralization, Accountability and Local Services in Sierra Leone Situation Analysis, Key Challenges and Opportunities for Reform World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Sierra Leone s ACCOUNTABILITY s DECENTRALIZATION s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s HUMAN RESOURCES s INCLUSIVITY s POLITICAL ECONOMY s PUBLIC SERVICES s RESPONSIVENESS English en_US Following years of civil war that ended in 2002, Sierra Leone has pursued a policy of decentralization, devolving responsibility for many government functions to the Local Council level. The aims of this policy include achieving a more equitable and inclusive access to public services across the national territory, in part to alleviate regional inequities that contributed to the civil war. The implementation of the decentralization policy has faced many obstacles, however, including the need to rebuild local government institutions and capacity after 30 years of centrally dominated governance; the limited devolution of financial resources; and multifaceted political economy hurdles. This report, first, analyzes the current state of decentralization in Sierra Leone; second, identifies the most prominent challenges to continued decentralization; and, third, discusses options for the way forward. The report draws on qualitative and quantitative data collected from both central and local government stakeholders, and takes the perspective that decentralization and strengthened local governance institutions are an effective means to localize development and improve the effective and equitable delivery of key public services. The study focuses on progress to date and standing challenges in four key areas of analysis: fiscal decentralization, human resource decentralization, ensuring inclusivity and accountability in local governance, and ensuring efficiency and responsiveness in service delivery 40 17-11-21 00:19:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987454X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17783 Volltext, Open Access

1759729981

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:36.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759729981 OCoLC 1255600957 WBOKR 17789 EBP 064559769 KEP 064559769 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17789 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Harnessing the Global Recovery, A Tough Road Ahead World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Regional Economic Update April 2014 Middle East Middle East and North Africa North Africa s AVERAGE INCOMES s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUDGET DEFICITS s CASH TRANSFERS s CENTRAL BANK s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY PRICES s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER s COUNTRY SPECIFIC s CREDIT GROWTH s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING REGIONS s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC SECURITY s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s EMPLOYMENT s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTREME POVERTY s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FLOW OF FUNDS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOSTER COMPETITION s GINI COEFFICIENT s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL OUTPUT s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HOLDING s INCOME s INCOME GROWTH s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOMES s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INTANGIBLE s INTERNATIONAL BANK s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKETS s LOW INFLATION s MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES s MONETARY POLICIES s NATURAL CAPITAL s OIL EXPORTERS s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY RATE s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s RAPID GROWTH s REAL GDP s REAL GDP s REMITTANCES s RESERVES s RICH COUNTRIES s SAVINGS s SECTOR ACTIVITY s SOCIAL PROTECTION s STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS s SUBSIDIARY s SUPPLY SHOCK s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TRADING s TRANSITION COUNTRIES s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VOLATILITY s WAGES s WEALTH English en_US Many countries in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) will start to benefit from stronger external demand in the high-income economies, as the global economy is set for a rebound in 2014. After a marked slowdown in 2013, a recovery in high income economies is expected to boost global growth to 3.2 percent in 2014, an increase by 0.8 percentage points compared to 2013. Global output is expected to improve further in 2015 with real gross domestic product (GDP) accelerating to 3.4 percent in 2015. The World Bank estimates that growth in the United States (U.S.) will increase by 1 percentage point reaching 2.8 percent in 2014 and 2.9 percent in 2015; and the Euro Zone will improve to 1.1 percent and accelerate to 1.4 percent in 2014 and 2015 respectively, relative to negative 0.4 percent growth in 2013. The growth rebound in the Euro Zone is largely export led, with Germany and France continuing to expand at a solid pace, and Spain exiting recession. The world travel and tourism council estimates show that tourism revenues will increase by 7 percent in the MENA region in 2015 relative to 2014. To be sure, the global recovery is still fragile and downside risks, including continued low inflation in high-income economies, which can weaken demand and delay the economic recovery, and the escalation of conflict in Ukraine remain. This report presents the short-term, regional macroeconomic outlook, and economic challenges facing the countries in the MENA region. In this report, the MENA region is divided into three subgroups: the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) oil exporters, developing oil exporters, and oil importers 40 17-11-21 00:19:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874558 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17789 Volltext, Open Access

175972999X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:36.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175972999X OCoLC 1255602764 WBOKR 17791 EBP 064559750 KEP 064559750 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17791 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Pension Risk and Risk Based Supervision in Defined Contribution Pension Funds Tony Randle VerfasserIn aut Heinz P. Rudolph VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource s ACCESS TO CAPITAL s ACCOUNTING s ANNUAL RETURNS s ASSET ALLOCATION s ASSET ALLOCATIONS s ASSET CLASS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET MANAGERS s AVERAGE INTEREST s AVERAGE INTEREST RATE s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK POLICY s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKS s BASIS POINTS s BOND RATES s BONDS s BOOK ENTRY s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY s CONSERVATIVE INVESTMENT s CONTRIBUTION s CONTRIBUTION RATE s CONTRIBUTION SCHEMES s CONTRIBUTION SYSTEMS s CONTRIBUTIONS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDITORS s CUSTODIAN BANK s DEFINED BENEFIT PENSION s DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PENSION s DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PENSIONS s DEPOSIT s DERIVATIVE s DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS s DERIVATIVE PRODUCTS s DERIVATIVES s EARNINGS s ELIGIBLE INSTRUMENTS s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUITIES s EQUITY INSTRUMENTS s EQUITY MARKETS s FINANCIAL EDUCATION s FINANCIAL GROUPS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FIXED INCOME s FIXED INCOME PORTFOLIO s FRAUD s FUND MANAGEMENT s FUND MANAGERS s FUTURE VALUE s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s HOLDING s INCOME INSTRUMENTS s INFLATION s INFLATION LINKED BONDS s INFLATION RATE s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL AUDITS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ALTERNATIVES s INVESTMENT COMPANIES s INVESTMENT COMPANY s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE s INVESTMENT PROCESS s INVESTMENT REGULATION s INVESTMENT REGULATIONS s INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS s INVESTMENT RETURNS s INVESTMENT RISK s INVESTMENT RISKS s INVESTMENT STRATEGIES s INVESTMENT STRATEGY s LABOR FORCE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEVEL OF CONTRIBUTIONS s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RISK s LONG-TERM GOAL s LONG-TERM INVESTORS s MANDATORY PENSION FUNDS s MARGIN REQUIREMENTS s MARK-TO-MARKET s MARKET DISCIPLINE s MARKET FAILURE s MARKET FAILURES s MARKET OVERSIGHT s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRACTICES s MARKET RISK s MARKET SURVEILLANCE s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MINIMUM CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s MONETARY POLICY s MUTUAL FUNDS s NOMINAL YIELD s PENSION s PENSION ASSET s PENSION ASSETS s PENSION AT RETIREMENT s PENSION BENEFITS s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUND ASSETS s PENSION FUND PERFORMANCE s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION INCOME s PENSION INCOMES s PENSION INVESTMENT s PENSION PLAN s PENSION PLANS s PENSION PROVIDERS s PENSION SCHEME s PENSION SCHEMES s PENSION SECTOR s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEMS s PENSIONERS s PENSIONS s PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO ALLOCATION s PORTFOLIO ALLOCATIONS s PORTFOLIO CHOICE s PORTFOLIO PERFORMANCE s PORTFOLIOS s PORTFOLIOS OF PENSION FUNDS s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE PENSION FUND s PRIVATE PENSIONS s PROBABILITY s PROTECTION OF INVESTORS s PRUDENTIAL REGULATION s PRUDENTIAL STANDARD s RATE OF INFLATION s RATE OF RETURN s RATES OF RETURN s RATES OF RETURNS s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REINVESTMENT s REINVESTMENT RISK s REPLACEMENT RATE s REPLACEMENT RATES s RESEARCH ASSISTANCE s RESERVE s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESERVES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT AGE s RETIREMENT INCOME s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK BEHAVIOR s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s RISK PROFILE s RISK PROFILES s SECURE PENSION s SECURE PENSIONS s SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS s SENIOR s SETTLEMENT s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDERS s SHORT-TERM INTEREST RATES s SOLVENCY s SUPERVISION OF PENSION FUNDS s SUPERVISORY AGENCIES s SUPERVISORY AGENCY s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY RATES s TRUSTEES s TYPES OF INVESTMENTS s TYPES OF PENSION s USE OF DERIVATIVES s VALUABLE s VALUATION s VALUATIONS s VALUE OF CONTRIBUTIONS s VALUE OF PENSIONS s WAGE s YIELD CURVE s YIELD CURVES English en_US The main goal of any pension system is to ensure that members receive an adequate pension income when they retire. Whilst traditional defined benefit (DB) pension plans set out what that pension income will be in advance and then strive to deliver it, the growing number of defined contribution (DC) plans accumulates a sum of assets which can then be turned into a pension income on retirement. However, the amount of this retirement income is not set in advance. In the absence of a proper regulatory framework, feature n DC plans leads to a focus by not only pension providers, but also regulators and pension plan members themselves on the short-term accumulation of pension assets rather than the longer-term goal of securing an adequate retirement income. The paper is organized as follows: chapter two discusses the origins of risks based supervision and discusses the role of capital in the alignment of incentives in financial institutions. Chapter three discusses the concept of risk based supervision for pension funds, and its limitations in the case of DC pension schemes. Chapter four discusses the effectiveness of RBS schemes in DC systems in emerging economies, and the last section provides some lessons learned 40 17-11-21 00:19:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874566 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17791 Volltext, Open Access

1759730009

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:37.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730009 OCoLC 1255602738 WBOKR 17867 EBP 064559742 KEP 064559742 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17867 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Toward an Urban Sector Strategy Georgia's Evolving Urban System and its Challenges World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Georgia s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING s ADEQUATE HOUSING s APARTMENT BUILDINGS s APARTMENTS s ARCHITECTURE s ARMED CONFLICT s AUTONOMY s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s BIG CITIES s BIG CITY s BRAIN DRAIN s BUFFER ZONES s BUILDING CODES s BUILDING INDUSTRY s BUILDING PERMITS s CAPITAL CITIES s CENSUSES s CITIES ALLIANCE s CITIZENS s CITY CENTERS s CITY DEVELOPMENT s CITY LEADERS s CITY PLANNING s CIVIL UNREST s COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTURE s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMMUNITY SERVICES s CONCENTRATION OF POPULATION s CONSTRUCTION PERMIT s CONSTRUCTION PERMITS s COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN s DECENTRALIZATION s DESCRIPTION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT PLANS s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DISASTERS s DISPLACED PERSONS s DISTRICT HEATING s DISTRICTS s DWELLING s EARTHQUAKE s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ECONOMIC TRANSITION s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EQUALITY s EQUALIZATION s ETHNIC MINORITIES s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOMEOWNERS s HOTEL s HOUSES s HOUSING s HOUSING CONSTRUCTION s HOUSING DEVELOPMENT s HOUSING MARKETS s HOUSING SHORTAGE s HOUSING STOCK s HOUSING UNITS s HUMAN GEOGRAPHY s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS s INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES s INDUSTRIALIZATION s INEQUITIES s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INHABITANTS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNATIONAL BORDERS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERVENTION s INTERVENTIONS s JOB OPPORTUNITIES s LABOR MARKET s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND REFORM s LAND REGISTRATION s LAND REGISTRATION SYSTEM s LAND USE s LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL STATUS s LEGISLATION s LIVING STANDARDS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MARKET ECONOMY s MAYORS s METROPOLITAN AREAS s METROPOLITAN CITIES s MIGRANTS s MIGRATION s MIGRATION DATA s MILLENNIUM CHALLENGE s MODERNIZATION s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL LEADERS s NATIONAL LEVEL s NATIONAL POPULATION s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEIGHBORHOODS s NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS s PHYSICAL PLANNING s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POLICY MAKERS s POLICY RESPONSE s POPULATION CENSUS s POPULATION CHANGES s POPULATION CONCENTRATION s POPULATION DECLINE s POPULATION DECREASE s POPULATION DENSITIES s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION DISTRIBUTION s POPULATION DYNAMICS s POPULATION ESTIMATES s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULOUS COUNTRY s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRESS s PUBLIC BUILDINGS s PUBLIC POLICIES s PUBLIC SERVICES s REFUGEES s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s REGIONAL DISPARITIES s REGIONAL PLANNING s REGIONAL POPULATION s RENTAL HOUSING s REPATRIATION s RESETTLEMENT s RESIDENCES s RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS s RESIDENTIAL MOBILITY s RESPECT s RURAL AREAS s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s SAFETY s SANITATION s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE SECTOR s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT PATTERNS s SEWAGE s SLUMS s SMALL TOWNS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOURCE OF DRINKING WATER s SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION s SPATIAL PLANNING s STATE UNIVERSITY s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TAXATION s TEMPORARY SHELTER s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TOURISM s TOWNS s TRANSPORT s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBAN AGGLOMERATION s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN DEVELOPMENT POLICY s URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s URBAN DWELLERS s URBAN ECONOMY s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN GROWTH RATE s URBAN INDICATORS s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN LAND s URBAN MANAGEMENT s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN PLANS s URBAN POLICIES s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN POPULATIONS s URBAN POVERTY s URBAN REGENERATION s URBAN SECTOR s URBAN SECTOR STRATEGY s URBAN SERVICE DELIVERY s URBAN SETTLEMENTS s URBAN STRATEGY s URBAN TRANSFORMATION s URBAN TRANSITION s URBANIZATION s URBANIZATION PROCESS s URBANIZED AREAS s USER FEES s UTILITIES s VILLAGES s WAR s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WATER SUPPLY s ZONING English en_US This review analyzes the profile, trends and challenges of Georgia's changing urban landscape since independence in 1991 and provides policy suggestions to facilitate the economic transition of the country through its cities. In its analysis and subsequent recommendations on policy interventions, this report draws on a program of diagnostics called the 'Urbanization Review' (UR). The UR diagnostic is based on three main pillars of urban development which have emerged as key areas of policy engagement for successful cities. These are: a) planning, charting a course for cities by setting the terms of urbanization, especially policies for using urban land and expanding basic infrastructure and public services; b) connecting, physically linking people to jobs, and businesses to markets; and c) financing, raising and leveraging up-front capital to meet the increasing demand for infrastructure and services. In moving forward, the review recommends that Georgia focus on: a) developing a national urban strategy that recognizes the contribution of each city to the overall economy, i.e. a 'systems of cities' approach that can assist in reducing regional disparities; b) assisting cities to develop urban plans, including local economic development plans, c) reforming building and planning codes; and d) assisting cities in improving their local governance and finances 40 17-11-21 00:19:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874574 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17867 Volltext, Open Access

1759730017

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:37.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730017 OCoLC 1255602588 WBOKR 17853 EBP 064559734 KEP 064559734 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17853 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bangladesh Education Sector Review Seeding Fertile Ground - Education that Works for Bangladesh World Bank VerfasserIn aut Dhaka 2013 1 Online-Ressource Bangladesh South Asia s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACQUISITION OF KNOWLEDGE s ADDITION s APPLIED RESEARCH s BASIC PRINCIPLES s BINDING s CALL s CERTIFICATION OF TEACHERS s CIVIL SERVICE s CLASS SIZE s CLASS SIZES s CLASSROOM s COHORT OF STUDENTS s COMPARATIVE EDUCATION s COMPLEXITY s COUNSELING s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT s DECENTRALIZATION s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION s ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION s EDUCATION BUDGET s EDUCATION FINANCE s EDUCATION LAW s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION PROGRAMS s EDUCATION PSYCHOLOGY s EDUCATION REFORM s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION STRATEGY s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS s EDUCATORS s EMPLOYMENT s EXAMS s FACULTIES s FINANCIAL REWARDS s GLOBAL MARKET s GRADUATE STUDIES s HEADMASTERS s HIGH SCHOOL s HIGHER EDUCATION s HUMAN CAPITAL s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES s INSTRUCTION s INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL s INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS s INSTRUCTIONAL SUPPORT s INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s LEADERSHIP s LEARNING s LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT s LEARNING ACHIEVEMENTS s LEARNING MATERIALS s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LET s LEVEL OF ACHIEVEMENT s LIBRARIES s LITERACY s MASS MEDIA s MATHEMATICS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MINORITY LANGUAGES s MOTHER TONGUE s NATIONAL EDUCATION s NATIONAL EDUCATION DATA s NATIONAL EXAMS s NUMBER OF SCHOOLS s NUMBER OF TEACHERS s OPEN SCHOOLS s PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS s PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PROFICIENCY s PROVISION OF TEXTBOOKS s PUBLISHERS s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF INSTRUCTION s QUALITY OF TEACHING s READING s READING COMPREHENSION s RESEARCH AGENDA s RESEARCH GRANTS s RESEARCH INSTITUTES s RESEARCH PROGRAMS s RESEARCHERS s RURAL AREAS s SCHOLARSHIPS s SCHOLASTIC ACHIEVEMENT s SCHOOL AGE s SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN s SCHOOL AGE POPULATION s SCHOOL GRADUATES s SCHOOL INSPECTORS s SCHOOL LEVELS s SCHOOL MANAGEMENT s SCHOOL NETWORK s SCHOOL PRINCIPALS s SCHOOL SYSTEM s SCHOOLS s SCIENCE STUDY s SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SERVICE EDUCATION s SERVICE TRAINING s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLED WORKFORCE s SMALLER NUMBER s SOCIOLOGY s SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION s SPORTS s STAFF DEVELOPMENT s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS s STUDENT TEACHER RATIOS s TEACHER s TEACHER EDUCATION s TEACHER PAY s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHERS ASSOCIATIONS s TEACHERS SALARIES s TEACHERS UNIONS s TEACHING s TEACHING POSITIONS s TEACHING STAFF s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TENURE s TEST SCORES s TEXTBOOK s TEXTBOOKS s TRADE UNIONS s TRAINING OF TEACHERS s TRAINING PROGRAMS s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY EDUCATION s UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s WORKERS s YOUTH English en_US This series of policy notes (PNs) aims to support, over the medium term, a coherent and articulated policy dialogue on education and skills development that will help Bangladesh achieve its target of becoming a middle-income country. The main findings and key policy directions related to the three PNs are provided next, in section two. These findings are presented in a concise manner to remain relevant and useful for a diverse audience. A policy matrix also shows the cumulative findings of the PNs. Further work will be required to sequence these policy options. An analysis of costs of these policy levers will also be highly fruitful in determining the optimal mix of policy interventions 40 17-11-21 00:19:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874582 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17853 Volltext, Open Access

1759730025

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730025 OCoLC 1255602697 WBOKR 17801 EBP 064559726 KEP 064559726 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17801 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Business and Livelihoods in African Livestock Investments to Overcome Information Gaps World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Africa s ABSOLUTE VALUE s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURE s ANIMAL s ANIMAL DISEASES s ANIMAL DUNG s ANIMAL FOODS s ANIMAL HEALTH s ANIMAL HEALTH SERVICES s ANIMAL INDUSTRY s ANIMAL ORIGIN s ANIMAL OWNERSHIP s ANIMAL POWER s ANIMAL PRODUCTION s ANIMAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s ANIMAL PRODUCTS s ANIMAL PROTEIN s ANIMAL RESOURCES s ANIMAL SOURCE FOODS s ANIMAL WELFARE s ANIMALS s BEEF s BEEF CATTLE s BEEF PRODUCTION s BIRDS s BREEDING s BREEDS s BROILER PRODUCERS s CASH INCOME s CHEESE s CHICKEN s COLLECTIVE ACTION s COMMUNAL AREAS s CROP PRODUCTION s CROP RESIDUES s CULTURAL REASONS s DAIRY s DAIRY CATTLE s DAIRY COWS s DAIRY MARKETING s DEMAND FOR FOOD s DEMAND FOR LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s DETERMINANT s DETERMINANTS s DIET s DRAFT POWER s ECONOMIC INCENTIVES s ECONOMICS s EGG s EGG PRODUCTION s EGGS s EQUINES s EQUIPMENT s EXOTIC BREEDS s FARM s FARM ANIMALS s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMS s FEED s FEEDING s FEEDING PRACTICES s FEEDS s FISHERIES s FLOCK s FODDER s FOOD DEMAND s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD QUALITY s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SECURITY s GENDER s GOAT s GOAT MEAT s GOATS s HELMINTHS s HERD s HERD COMPOSITION s HERD SIZE s HERD STRUCTURE s HERDS s HIGH VALUE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s HOUSING s HUMAN NUTRITION s INCOME FROM LIVESTOCK s INCOMES s INTENSIVE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIONS s LIVE ANIMALS s LIVE BIRDS s LIVE WEIGHT s LIVELIHOODS s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK ACTIVITIES s LIVESTOCK ASSETS s LIVESTOCK DATA s LIVESTOCK ENTERPRISES s LIVESTOCK FARMS s LIVESTOCK HUSBANDRY s LIVESTOCK INCOME s LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY s LIVESTOCK INFORMATION s LIVESTOCK INVESTMENTS s LIVESTOCK KEEPERS s LIVESTOCK MARKETING s LIVESTOCK MARKETS s LIVESTOCK OPERATIONS s LIVESTOCK OUTPUTS s LIVESTOCK OWNERS s LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP s LIVESTOCK POPULATION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCT s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTIVITY s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s LIVESTOCK RESEARCH s LIVESTOCK SECTOR s LIVESTOCK SPECIES s LIVESTOCK STATISTICS s LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS s LIVESTOCK UNITS s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOCAL BREED s LOW INCOME s MANURE s MARKET ACCESS s MEAT s MEAT MARKETS s MEAT PRODUCTION s MEAT PRODUCTS s MILK s MILK CONSUMPTION s MILK MARKET s MILK MARKETS s MILK PRODUCTION s MILK PRODUCTS s MILKING s MUTTON s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUTRITION s NUTRITIONAL VALUE s PASTORAL POPULATIONS s PASTURE s PIG s PIG PRODUCTION s PIGS s PORK s POULTRY s POULTRY MEAT s POULTRY PRODUCTION s POULTRY SCIENCE s POVERTY REDUCTION s RAW MILK s RESTAURANTS s RUMINANTS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL HOUSEHOLD s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL LIVESTOCK s SHEEP s SMALL RUMINANTS s SPECIES COMPOSITION s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SWAN s TALLOW s TICKS s TOT s TROPICAL LIVESTOCK UNIT s URBANIZATION s VEGETABLES s VETERINARY s VILLAGE pha English en_US This paper investigates how the development of the livestock sector can contribute to economic growth and poverty reduction in the continent, with the ultimate objective of identifying major information gaps critical to designing and implementing successful livestock sector policies and investments. As a first step, the paper presents an analysis of African consumption of animal-source foods. This is rapidly growing and is forecast to continue doing so. It therefore provides opportunities for demand-led growth. This focus is distinct from the more traditional, production-oriented entry point. To understand opportunities for poverty reduction, this paper reviews both the quantitative and qualitative dimensions of African markets for livestock products, in this case animal-source foods. Second, rather than exploring production and productivity constraints, which are known to a large extent, the paper focuses on the incentives that rural households have to invest in their livestock to overcome those constraints. Indeed, farmers often fail to adopt readily available technologies. To analyze incentives, the paper reviews two intertwined dimensions of households' livestock activities, namely herd and flock size and livestock-derived income. The paper concludes by identifying investment priorities for improving the quantity and quality of livestock information so that decision makers will be better able to formulate and implement investments in the livestock sector that effectively contribute to economic growth and poverty reduction 40 17-11-21 00:19:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874590 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17801 Volltext, Open Access

1759730033

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730033 OCoLC 1255602650 WBOKR 17830 EBP 064559718 KEP 064559718 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17830 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Investing in the Livestock Sector Why Good Numbers Matter, A Sourcebook for Decision Makers on How to Improve Livestock Data Carlo Azzarri VerfasserIn aut Derek Baker VerfasserIn aut Cheikh Ly VerfasserIn aut Nancy Morgan VerfasserIn aut Simplice Nouala VerfasserIn aut Longin Nsiima VerfasserIn aut Patrick Okello VerfasserIn aut Ugo Pica-Ciamarra VerfasserIn aut Joseph Sserugga VerfasserIn aut Alberto Zezza VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa s ACTION PLAN s ADULT MALES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURE s ALPACAS s ANIMAL s ANIMAL BREEDS s ANIMAL DISEASE s ANIMAL DISEASE OUTBREAKS s ANIMAL DISEASES s ANIMAL FEED s ANIMAL HEALTH s ANIMAL HEALTH SERVICES s ANIMAL INDUSTRY s ANIMAL MOVEMENTS s ANIMAL ORIGIN s ANIMAL POPULATION s ANIMAL POPULATIONS s ANIMAL PRODUCTION s ANIMAL PRODUCTS s ANIMAL PROTEIN s ANIMAL RESOURCES s ANIMAL TRACTION s ANIMALS s ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION s AVAILABILITY OF DATA s BEEF s BEEF PRODUCTION s BIOLOGY s BREED s BREEDING s BREEDING ANIMALS s BREEDS OF CATTLE s BUSINESS PARTNERS s BUTTER s BUYER s CALVES s CAMELS s CAPABILITIES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CARCASS WEIGHT s CASH INCOME s CATTLE s CATTLE POPULATION s CENSUS DATA s COLLECTED DATA s COMMERCE s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s CONSUMER GOODS s CONTAGIOUS BOVINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA s COPYRIGHT s COWS s CROPS s DAIRY s DAIRY BOARD s DAIRY BOARDS s DAIRY CORPORATION s DAIRY PROCESSING s DAIRY PRODUCTION s DAIRY PRODUCTS s DATA ENTRIES s DECISION MAKING PROCESS s DECISION MAKING PROCESSES s DEMAND FOR FOOD s DEMAND FOR LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s DEMAND FOR MILK s DETERMINANT s DETERMINANTS s DISEASE TRANSMISSION s DOMAIN s DOMAINS s DRAFT POWER s E-MAIL s ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EGG s EGG PRODUCTION s EGGS s ELECTRICITY s ENTRY POINT s EQUINES s EQUIPMENT s EXOTIC BREEDS s FARM s FARM ANIMALS s FARMERS s FARMS s FATTENING s FEED s FEED QUALITY s FENCES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISHERIES s FLOW CHART s FOOD BASKET s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SUPPLY s FORAGE s GENDER s GOATS s HERD COMPOSITION s HERD SIZE s HOUSING s HUNGER s INCOME FROM LIVESTOCK s INCOMES s INFORMATION GAP s INFORMATION GAPS s INNOVATION s INTEGRATION s INVENTORY s ISSUES s JOINT VENTURE s LAND COVER s LICENSES s LIVE ANIMALS s LIVE WEIGHT s LIVELIHOODS s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK DATA s LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT s LIVESTOCK ENTERPRISES s LIVESTOCK FARMING s LIVESTOCK INCOME s LIVESTOCK INFORMATION s LIVESTOCK INFORMATION NEEDS s LIVESTOCK INVENTORIES s LIVESTOCK NEEDS s LIVESTOCK NUMBERS s LIVESTOCK POLICIES s LIVESTOCK POPULATION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTIVITY s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS s LIVESTOCK RESEARCH s LIVESTOCK SECTOR s LIVESTOCK SPECIES s LIVESTOCK STATISTICS s LIVESTOCK UNIT s LIVING CONDITIONS s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MANUFACTURING s MANURE s MANURE PRODUCTION s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET PRICES s MARKETING s MATERIAL s MEAT s MEAT CONSUMPTION s MEAT PRODUCTION s MEAT PRODUCTS s MILK s MILK COLLECTION s MILK COLLECTION CENTERS s MILK CONSUMPTION s MILK PER DAY s MILK PRODUCTION s MILK YIELD s MILKED s MILKING s MILKING COWS s NATIONAL HERD s NATIONAL LIVESTOCK s NATURAL RESOURCES s NGOS s NUTRITION s NUTRITIONAL VALUE s OXEN s PASTORAL AREAS s PASTORAL ECONOMIES s PASTORAL PRODUCTION s PASTORAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PHOTO s PIGS s PLANT s POOR LIVESTOCK KEEPERS s POPULATION GROWTH s POULTRY s POULTRY MEAT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTS s PRODUCTION PROCESS s PUBLIC SERVICES s QUERIES s RABBITS s RAINFALL s RAW MILK s RESULT s RESULTS s RETAIL OUTLET s RETAIL OUTLETS s RUMINANTS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SCIENTISTS s SHEEP s SKIN DISEASE s SMALL HERDS s SMALL RUMINANTS s SMALLHOLDER PRODUCERS s SUPPLIERS s TARGETS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL ISSUES s TELEPHONE s TRADE DATA s TROPICAL LIVESTOCK UNIT s USER s USERS s VACCINES s VALUE CHAIN s VALUE CHAINS s VEGETATION s WILDLIFE s WOOD s WOOL s YOUNG ANIMALS s ZOOLOGY s ZOONOTIC DISEASES pha English en_US This sourcebook summarizes the outputs and lessons of the Livestock in Africa: improving data for better policies project. It aims to present the challenges facing professionals collecting and analyzing livestock data and statistics and possible solutions. While the Sourcebook does not address all conceivable issues related to enhancing livestock data and underlining statistical issues, it does represent a unique document for a number of reasons. To begin with, it is possibly the first document which specifically addresses the broad complexity of livestock data collection, taking into consideration the unique characteristics of the sector. Indeed, in most cases livestock data are dealt with, if ever, within the context of major agricultural initiatives. Second, the sourcebook is a joint product of users and suppliers of livestock data, with its overarching objective being to respond to the information needs of data users, and primarily the Ministries responsible for livestock in African countries and the National Statistical Authorities. Finally, the sourcebook represents a unique experiment of inter-institutional collaboration, which jointly places the World Bank, the FAO Animal Production and Health Division, the ILRI and the Africa Union, Interafrican Bureau for Animal Resources as well as national governments in Niger, Tanzania and Uganda at the forefront of data and statistical innovation for evidence-based livestock sector policies and investments. This sourcebook represents a first step towards a demand-driven and sustainable approach to enhance the livestock information available to decision makers. It is hoped it will provide a useable framework for significantly improving the quantity and quality of livestock data and statistics available to the public and private sector, and also increase the efficacy of investments that country governments and the international community allocate to generate information for livestock sector policies and investments 40 17-11-21 00:19:13.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874604 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17830 Volltext, Open Access

1759730041

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:37.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730041 OCoLC 1255600509 WBOKR 17837 EBP 06455970X KEP 06455970X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17837 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Cross Country Comparison of Regional Mechanisms for Delivery of Free Legal Assistance World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Serbia s ACCESS TO COURTS s ACCESS TO JUSTICE s ACTIONS s ACTS s ADVISORS s ALIMONY s ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION s ARBITRATION s ASYLUM s ASYLUMS s ATTORNEYS s AUTHORITY s CASE LAW s CHILD CUSTODY s CIVIL RIGHTS s COMMERCIAL COURTS s COMMERCIAL DISPUTES s COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS s COMPENSATION s CONSTITUTIONAL COURT s COURT s COURT PROCEDURE s COURT PROCEDURES s COURT PROCEEDINGS s COURTS s CRIMES s CRIMINAL s CRIMINAL CASES s CRIMINAL JUSTICE s CRIMINAL PROCEDURE s DAMAGES s DEBT COLLECTION s DEMOCRACY s DEPORTATION s DISABILITIES s DISABILITY s DISCRIMINATION s DISMISSAL s DISTRICT COURTS s DIVISION OF PROPERTY s DIVORCE s DIVORCES s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s EU s FAIR TRIAL s FAMILIES s HUMAN RIGHT s HUMAN RIGHTS s IMPLEMENTATION OF LAW s INDEPENDENT JUDICIARY s INHERITANCE s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL COURTS s INTERNATIONAL TREATIES s JUDGE s JUDGES s JUDICIAL AUTHORITIES s JUDICIAL EFFICIENCY s JUDICIAL PROCEDURES s JUDICIAL PROCESS s JUDICIAL STATISTICS s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s JUDICIARY s JURY s LAW FIRMS s LAWS s LAWYERS s LEGAL AID s LEGAL ASSISTANCE s LEGAL COUNSEL s LEGAL COUNSELING s LEGAL EDUCATION s LEGAL ENTITIES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL INFORMATION s LEGAL PROCEDURES s LEGAL PROFESSION s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGAL REMEDIES s LEGAL REPRESENTATION s LEGAL SCIENCES s LEGAL SERVICES s LEGISLATION s MAGISTRATES s MARITAL PROPERTY s MEDIATION s MINISTRIES OF JUSTICE s NOTARIES s OFFENCES s OFFENSES s OMBUDSMAN s PENSION s POSSESSION s PROCUREMENT s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROSECUTORS s REFUGEES s RESIDENCE s RIGHT TO LEGAL COUNSEL s SANCTIONS s SOCIAL SECURITY s STATE BUDGET s STATE LEGAL AID s TERMINATION s TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION s TRIALS s VICTIMS s VIOLATIONS s WILL s WITNESSES English en_US This report provides comparative analysis of different delivery models of Free Legal Aid (FLA) in Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina (Brcko), Lithuania, Croatia and Slovenia. The field work and data collection was conducted from November to December 2013. The survey was funded by the Multi Donor Trust Fund for justice sector support, established with generous contributions from the European Union (EU) delegation in Serbia, United Kingdom Department for International Development, the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands, Slovenia, Spain, and Switzerland 40 17-11-21 00:19:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874612 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17837 Volltext, Open Access

175973005X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:37.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973005X OCoLC 1255602625 WBOKR 17844 EBP 064559696 KEP 064559696 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17844 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Serbian Free Legal Aid Fiscal Impact Analysis Volume, Costs, and Alternatives World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Serbia s ABUSE s ACCESS TO JUSTICE s ACCESS TO LEGAL INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s ACTIONS s ACTS s ASSETS s AUTHORITY s CIVIL LITIGATION s CIVIL PROCEDURE s COMPENSATION s COMPLAINT s CONSTITUTIONAL COURT s COURT s COURT DECISIONS s COURT PROCEEDINGS s COURTS s CRIME s CRIMES s CRIMINAL s CRIMINAL CASES s CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE s DISCRETION s DISCRIMINATION s DISPUTE SETTLEMENT s DOMESTIC VIOLENCE s EMBEZZLEMENT s FAMILIES s FAMILY VIOLENCE s FRAUD s INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS s INITIATIVE s INVESTIGATION s LAW SCHOOLS s LAWYER s LAWYERS s LEGAL AID s LEGAL AID CENTERS s LEGAL ASSISTANCE s LEGAL AUTHORITY s LEGAL DOCUMENTS s LEGAL ENTITIES s LEGAL FEES s LEGAL INFORMATION s LEGAL PROFESSION s LEGAL PROFESSIONALS s LEGAL REMEDIES s LEGAL REPRESENTATION s LEGAL SERVICE s LEGAL SERVICES s LITIGATION COSTS s MEDIATION s MEDIATORS s MOTIONS s NEGLIGENCE s NOTARY s POSSESSION s POWER OF ATTORNEY s PROSECUTION s PUBLIC FUNDS s REFUGEE s ROBBERY s ROLE OF LAW s SANCTIONS s SERVICE DELIVERY s STATE BUDGET s THEFT s TRIAL s VICTIMS s WILL English en_US This report estimates the combined costs of providing primary and secondary free legal Aid (FLA) services in Serbia. Most estimates are for the combined costs of what has traditionally been considered secondary legal aid services, that is, for the total costs of legal advice, petition and representation for cases that reach the court docket. Separate aggregate estimates are also made for volume and costs for the traditional form of primary legal aid, as well as for its expanded definition (inclusive of drafting legal documents and motions). Still, the body of these cost estimates focus on the combined cost of primary (in its expanded form) and secondary legal aid, minus the cost of initial consultation and screening (the previous definition of primary legal aid). Due to the constitutional assignment of legal aid functions to Municipal Governments, to the degree possible, this report attempts to estimate legal aid case demands and case costs down to the municipal level as well as court levels. However, aggregate estimates are likely to be more accurate than individual municipal estimates 40 17-11-21 00:19:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874620 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17844 Volltext, Open Access

1759730068

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 0206:08-05-23 16:04:41.000 0206:07-02-22 utf8 0 Oau Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730068 OCoLC 1255602497 WBOKR 17792 EBP 064559688 KEP 064559688 eng 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17792 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia Economic Quarterly, March 2014 Investment in Flux World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Indonesia economic quarterly East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACCOUNTING s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AGRICULTURE s ARREARS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK ASSETS s BANK LENDING s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR ASSETS s BANKING SYSTEM s BASIS POINTS s BENCHMARK s BILL s BOND s BOND YIELDS s BONDS s BORROWING COSTS s BUDGET DEFICIT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL GOODS s CAPITAL GOODS IMPORTS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK CREDIT s COMMERCIAL BANK LENDING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CORE INFLATION s CREDIT GROWTH s CURRENCY DEPRECIATION s CURRENCY HEDGING s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT s DEBT ISSUANCE s DEBT REPAYMENTS s DECLINE IN INVESTMENT s DEFICITS s DEFLATION s DEPENDENCY RATIO s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC BONDS s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC EQUITIES s DOMESTIC GOVERNMENT BONDS s ECONOMIC ASSUMPTIONS s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC RISKS s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING ECONOMY s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMY s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY INDICES s EQUITY MARKETS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT VOLUMES s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL BALANCE s EXTERNAL BALANCES s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEMAND s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FISCAL BURDEN s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL REFORMS s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED INVESTMENT s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVE s FOREIGN FINANCING s FOREIGN INVESTOR s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GDP DEFLATOR s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BOND YIELDS s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH RATE s IMPORT s IMPORT COMPRESSION s IMPORT COSTS s IMPORT DEMAND s IMPORT GROWTH s IMPORTS s INCOME s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INDEXATION s INFLATION s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT FLOWS s INVESTMENT INFLOWS s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s LABOR FORCE s LEADING INDICATORS s LIABILITY s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RISKS s LOAN s LOCAL CURRENCY s MACROECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT s MACROECONOMIC ADJUSTMENTS s MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET CONFIDENCE s MARKET CONSTRAINTS s MARKET LIQUIDITY s MARKET PRICES s MARKET TRADING s MATURITY s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s MONEY MARKET RATES s NET EXPORTS s NOMINAL INTEREST RATE s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s OUTSTANDING CREDIT s OUTTURN s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INFLOWS s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s POTENTIAL OUTPUT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE INCREASE s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE TRANSPARENCY s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE BORROWING s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s REAL CONSUMPTION s REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s REAL GDP s REAL IMPORTS s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATES s REPO s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RESERVES s RETURN s RISK FACTOR s RISK PROFILE s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SHORT-TERM EXTERNAL DEBT s SHORTFALLS s SLOWDOWN s STOCKS s SUPPLY-SIDE s SURPLUS s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH RATE s SWAP s TAX s TAX COLLECTION s TAX REVENUES s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE IMPACT s TRADE IMPACTS s TRADING s TRADING PARTNER s UNCERTAINTY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UPWARD PRESSURE s WEALTH s WITHDRAWAL s WORKING CAPITAL 091401070 Wirtschaftslage stw 10342-1 DA-3 091400988 Wirtschaftsindikator stw 15075-1 DA-3 091401194 Wirtschaftsprognose stw 10031-4 DA-3 091366941 Indonesien stw 17578-0 DA-3 2014 DA-3 DE-206 English en_US Indonesia's economy continues to adjust to weaker terms of trade and tighter external financing conditions, with the composition of growth tilting more towards net exports, and economic growth slowing moderately. While this shift is positive for macroeconomic stability, it has to date been based primarily on tighter monetary policy and the depreciation of the Rupiah in 2013, the effects of which are continuing to play out. To further reduce Indonesia's vulnerability to external shocks, to minimize the risks of a more marked cyclical slowdown in growth, and to convert the near-term macro adjustment into strong, sustained growth over the longer term, further progress on long-standing policy priorities is warranted. Progress in three key areas can support both near-term macro stability and Indonesia's long-term economic prospects. First, there is a need to support domestic and foreign investor confidence. Recent policy and regulatory developments, including the partial ban on mineral exports, have increased uncertainty, may weigh on investment across the economy, and compound the usual difficulty of predicting policy ahead of elections. Given rising fiscal pressures from slower revenue growth and higher fuel subsidy costs, the second priority is to broaden the revenue base and improve the quality of spending, notably by reducing energy subsidy expenditure. These measures would also increase available fiscal space for more equitable, pro-growth spending. Third, credible progress is needed on addressing structural impediments to stronger and more inclusive growth, namely infrastructure and worker skills gaps, and factor and product market constraints. The policy environment is naturally constrained ahead of legislative elections in April and the presidential election in July. However, in light of ongoing economic risks and Indonesia's ambitious development agenda, laying the groundwork for future reforms, minimizing policy uncertainty, and making continued reform progress in some areas, should remain a priority 40 17-11-21 00:19:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874639 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17792 Volltext, Open Access

1759730076

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:37.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730076 OCoLC 1255602718 WBOKR 17833 EBP 06455967X KEP 06455967X 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17833 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO How Wealthy is Mozambique after the Discovery of Coal and Gas? Measuring Wealth in Mozambique Using the Wealth Accounting Framework Enrique Blanco Armas VerfasserIn aut Peter Fisker VerfasserIn aut Esther Naikal VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Mozambique s BUDGETING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s DEBT s DEVELOPMENT BANK s EXPENDITURE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL POLICY s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s PRICE VOLATILITY s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SAVINGS s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s RETURNS s TRANSPARENCY English en_US The objective of this policy note is to inform policy discussions around the management of natural resources and reforms needed to translate natural capital into other forms of capital, and it does so by using the wealth accounting framework. Wealth (e.g. in the form of natural resources) may or may not translate into sustained flows of income in the long run. The extent to which natural capital translates into other forms of capital from which to derive a sustainable income stream is what lies at the heart of natural resources management and what differentiates successful natural resource rich countries from less successful ones. The outcome of the process depends on institutional capacity and political decisions along the way. Experience shows that the quality of governance and institutional capability are a key for countries to be able to translate natural capital into other forms of capital in an effective way. According to a variety of governance indicators, Mozambique's institutions are relatively weak, raising concerns about the country's ability to manage natural resources well. But Mozambique can also build on significant progress in some areas. Democratic elections, free press and a vocal civil society suggest of a gradual strengthening of institutions. Although the main audience of this policy note is Mozambican policy makers - the discussion around management of natural resources needs to be much broader, and as such civil society, private sector and the international community may also find the note useful 40 17-11-21 00:19:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874647 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17833 Volltext, Open Access

1759730084

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:37.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730084 OCoLC 1255602773 WBOKR 17832 EBP 064559661 KEP 064559661 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17832 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Restructuring Corporate Income Tax and Value Added Tax in Vietnam An Analysis of Current Changes and Agenda for the Future World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s ALTERNATIVE MINIMUM TAX s AMORTIZATION s BASE RATES s BENEFICIARIES s BORROWING COSTS s BROKERAGE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS TAX s CAPITAL GAIN s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL GAINS INCOME s CAPITAL GAINS TAX s CAPITALIZATION s CARBON EMISSION s CASH PAYMENT s CFC s CHARITABLE CONTRIBUTIONS s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BASIS s COMPLIANCE COSTS s CONCESSIONARY TAX s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION TAX s CONTRIBUTED CAPITAL s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE s COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s CORPORATE INCOME TAXES s CORPORATE TAX s CORPORATE TAX RATES s CORPORATION TAX s COST OF CAPITAL s CREDIT CARDS s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDITORS s DEBT s DEBTS s DEDUCTIONS s DEPOSITS s DEPRECIATION s DERIVATIVES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DIVIDENDS s DOMESTIC ECONOMY s DOMESTIC INVESTORS s DOUBLE TAXATION s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s EFFECTIVE TAX RATES s EMPLOYEE BENEFIT s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY CAPITAL s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s FAIR MARKET VALUE s FEDERAL TAXES s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL SECURITY s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FIXED ASSET s FIXED ASSETS s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN COMPANY s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FRAUD s FREE TRADE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOUSEHOLD BUSINESSES s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME GROUP s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME TAX RATE s INCOMES s INFLATION s INPUT TAX s INSURANCE s INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY s INTEREST INCOME s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTERNAL REVENUE s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INVENTORY s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s JOINT VENTURE s JUDGMENT s JURISDICTIONS s LAND VALUE s LIMITED LIABILITY s LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES s LIQUIDATION s LLC s LOAN s LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS s MARKET PRICE s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MONETARY FUND s MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OUTPUT s PAYMENT OF INTEREST s PAYMENT OF INTERESTS s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME TAX s POINT OF SALE s PRICE SUBSIDIES s PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS s PUBLIC POLICY s REAL ESTATE s REAL PROPERTY s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENTS s RESERVE s RESERVE FUND s RESERVES s SECURITIES s SELLING PRICE s SINGLE TAX s STATE BANK s STATE ENTERPRISES s STATE OWNED ENTERPRISE s STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES s STATEMENT s STATUTORY TAX s STATUTORY TAX RATES s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX ASSESSMENT s TAX BASE s TAX CODE s TAX COMPLIANCE s TAX CREDIT s TAX CREDITS s TAX CUTS s TAX DEDUCTIBLE s TAX EVASION s TAX EXEMPTION s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX EXPENDITURES s TAX INCENTIVE s TAX INCENTIVES s TAX LAW s TAX LAWS s TAX LIABILITY s TAX PAYMENTS s TAX PLANNING s TAX POLICY s TAX PREFERENCES s TAX RATE s TAX RATES s TAX REFORM s TAX REGIME s TAX REGIMES s TAX RESEARCH s TAX RETURN s TAX RETURNS s TAX REVENUE s TAX REVENUES s TAX STRUCTURE s TAX STRUCTURES s TAX SYSTEM s TAX TREATMENT s TAX ­ EXEMPT ORGANIZATIONS s TAXABLE INCOME s TAXABLE INCOMES s TAXATION s TAXPAYERS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER s TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS s TRADERS s TRADES s TRADING s TRANSFER PRICING s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER s TURNOVER TAX s VALUATION s VALUE ADDED TAX s VALUE ADDED TAXES s VALUE OF ASSET s VARIABLE RATE s WITHHOLDING TAX English en_US The study is in two parts, part one covering the various policy aspects of Corporate Income Tax (CIT) and includes issues such as expenses and deductions to determine the tax base, transfer pricing, thin capitalization, taxation of special entities, and tax incentives. All this is done in the backdrop of international experience of corporate income taxes applied globally. Finally, alternatives for rate rationalization and their impact on CIT revenues using a forecasting model are examined. The existing provisions of the law are referenced in this part of the study as well, and further scope for reform discussed as necessary. Part two of the study presents a similar analysis of value added tax as well as forecasting of VAT revenues. This chapter examines the present rate structure including zero-rating, exemptions and exclusions from VAT, and VAT refunds. Taxation of some special sectors such as agriculture, real estate and exports is also analyzed. All this is again done in the milieu of international experience of value added taxes in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) countries and the countries of ASEAN so as to get a practical and realistic picture. Finally, a revenue forecasting model for VAT is presented with a guideline for estimating VAT threshold for exempting small traders. All the chapters make reference to the present provisions in law and also the way forward to further strengthen and streamline the VAT 40 17-11-21 00:19:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874655 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17832 Volltext, Open Access

1759730092

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730092 OCoLC 1255602704 WBOKR 17831 EBP 064559653 KEP 064559653 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17831 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Solomon Islands Coconut Value Chain Analysis Moses Pelomo VerfasserIn aut David Young VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Solomon Islands s ACIAR s ADVERSE EFFECT s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY s AGRICULTURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT s AGRICULTURAL MARKET s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE PROJECT s AGRICULTURE RESEARCH s ANIMAL FEED s AUCTIONS s AVERAGE PRICE s AVERAGE YIELDS s BANK LOANS s BENCHMARK s BY-PRODUCTS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CERTIFIED FAIR s COCOA s COCONUT s COCONUT INDUSTRY s COCONUT OIL s COCONUT PRODUCTS s COCONUTS s COIR s COMMERCE s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL VALUE s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY TRADE s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE PRICES s CONTRACTUAL ARRANGEMENTS s COPRA s COPRA PRICES s CROP s CROPPING s CROPPING SYSTEMS s DEVELOPMENT POLICIES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s DOMESTIC MARKET s EXPORT CROPS s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETING s EXPORT MARKETS s FAIR TRADE s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMING SYSTEMS s FARMS s FEASIBILITY STUDY s FISH s FISHERIES s FLOUR s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD SECURITY s FORESTRY s FRUITS s GARDENS s GDP s GLOBAL WARMING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS MARGIN s GROSS VALUE s GROWTH RATE s HARVESTING s HORTICULTURE s IFAD s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GENERATION s INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s INTERNATIONAL FUND FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s ITC s JUTE s LIVESTOCK s LIVESTOCK FEED s LIVESTOCK MARKET s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET PRICE s MEAL s MEDICINAL PURPOSES s MERCHANDISE s MERCHANDISE EXPORTS s MILK s MONO-CROPPING s MONOPOLY s NATIONAL ECONOMY s NICHE MARKETS s NURSERIES s OIL PALM s ORGANIC MARKET s PALM OIL s PALMS s PLANTATIONS s POPULATION GROWTH s POTTING s POULTRY s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE INCENTIVES s PRICE LEVELS s PRICE PREMIUM s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRODUCE s PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION s PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES s PROGRAM MANAGEMENT s PURCHASING s QUARANTINE s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPLANTING s RETAIL s RETAIL PRICES s ROOTS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL POVERTY ALLEVIATION s SALE s SALES s SALINIZATION s SEED s SEEDLINGS s SHADOW PRICE s SMALLHOLDER AGRICULTURE s SPREAD s STOCKS s SUBSTITUTE s SUBSTITUTION s SUPPLIER s SUPPLIERS s SURPLUS s TEA s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL COSTS s TRACEABILITY s TRADE BARRIERS s TREES s TROPICAL PRODUCTS s TURNOVER s VALUE ADDED s VARIABLE COSTS s VEGETABLE OILS s WHOLESALE PRICES s WORKING CAPITAL s WORLD MARKET English en_US The report comprises five sections: section two describes Solomon Islands Government's (SIG) national and sector policies and strategies, the state of infrastructure and transport, relevant institution and regulatory frameworks activities of development partners involved in the coconut industry; section three provides an overview of global and domestic trends in prices, production and productivity of coconut products; section four provides an overview of the copra value chain and a snapshot of costs, revenues and gross margins accruing to smallholders, traders and exporters at each stage of the value chain; section five provides an overview of key challenges in development of the Solomon Islands coconut value chain; and section six concludes the main findings of the value chain analysis and makes recommendations around improving agriculture services and enhancing value chains 40 17-11-21 00:19:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874663 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17831 Volltext, Open Access

1759730106

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730106 OCoLC 1255602641 WBOKR 17802 EBP 064559645 KEP 064559645 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17802 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Solomon Islands Cocoa Value Chain Analysis Moses Pelomo VerfasserIn aut Dan Vadnjal VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Solomon Islands s ACIAR s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL MARKET s AGRICULTURE s AGRICULTURE RESEARCH s AGROCHEMICALS s AVERAGE PRICE s AVERAGE YIELD s BAGGING s BEAN s BRAND s BRANDS s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUYERS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CERTIFICATE s CHOCOLATE s COCOA s COCOA BEANS s COCOA INDUSTRY s COCOA PRICE s COCOA PRICES s COCONUT s COCONUT OIL s COCONUT PRODUCTS s COCONUTS s COMMERCE s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMODITY TRADE s COMPETITIVE PRICES s COPRA s CROP s CROP PROTECTION s CUSTOMS s DELIVERY SERVICES s DIRECT MARKETING s DISEASES s DRY BEANS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELECTRICITY s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EQUIPMENT s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT CROPS s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETING s EXPORT MARKETS s FAIR s FAIR TRADE s FARM s FARMERS s FARMS s FEED s FERMENTATION s FERTILIZERS s FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FISHERIES s FOOD SECURITY s FORESTRY s GENETIC IMPROVEMENT s GENETIC MATERIAL s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS s GRAFTING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HARDWARE s HARVEST s HARVESTING s HORTICULTURE s HUSBANDRY s HYBRID SEEDS s IFAD s IMPACT ASSESSMENT s INNOVATIONS s INSPECTION s INSTITUTION s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS s INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s INTERNATIONAL FUND FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s ITC s JOINT VENTURE s LIVESTOCK s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET PRICE s MARKET STUDY s MARKET TRENDS s MARKET VALUE s MARKETING BOARD s MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS s NETWORKS s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s NICHE MARKETS s ORGANIC CERTIFICATION s PALM OIL s PESTS s PLANTATIONS s PLANTING s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s PREMIUM PRICE s PRICE INCREASE s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE SUPPORT s PRICE TRENDS s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRAM MANAGEMENT s PRUNING s PURCHASING s QUARANTINE s R&D s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s RESOURCE MOBILIZATION s RESULT s RESULTS s RETAIL s RETAIL OUTLETS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL INCOME s SALE s SEEDLINGS s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SHADOW PRICE s SITES s SPREAD s STEEL s STORAGE FACILITIES s STORAGE FACILITY s SUPPLIER s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL SUPPORT s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRACEABILITY s TRANSFER PRICE s TREE CROPS s TREES s VALUE CHAIN s VALUE CHAINS s WORKING CAPITAL s YIELDS pha English en_US The report comprises five sections: section two describes Solomon Islands Government's (SIG) national and sector policies and strategies, the state of infrastructure and transport, relevant institution and regulatory frameworks, and activities of development partners involved in the cocoa industry; section three provides an overview of global and domestic trends in prices, production and productivity of cocoa beans; section four provides an overview of the cocoa value chain and a snapshot of costs, revenues and gross margins accruing to smallholders, processors, traders and exporters at each stage of the value chain; section five provides an overview of key challenges and opportunities in development of the Solomon Islands cocoa value chain; and section six concludes the main findings of the value chain analysis and makes recommendations for future interventions in the cocoa industry 40 17-11-21 00:19:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874671 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17802 Volltext, Open Access

1759730114

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730114 OCoLC 1255602765 WBOKR 17823 EBP 064559637 KEP 064559637 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17823 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Greening of Macedonia's Public Buildings Financing Options for the National Program for Energy Efficiency in Public Buildings in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, 2012-18 Dilip Limaye VerfasserIn aut Anke Meyer VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of North Macedonia (Formerly the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS s ADMINISTRATIVE BARRIERS s APPROACH s AUDITING s AUDITS s AUTONOMY s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK FINANCING s BANKING SECTOR s BIASES s BLOCK GRANTS s BOILER s BOILERS s BORROWER s BORROWING s BUDGETING s BUILDING ENERGY USE s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITALIZATION s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON FINANCE s CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM s CLIMATE CHANGE s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COLLATERALS s COLLECTION SERVICES s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL CREDIT s COMMERCIAL DEBT s COMMERCIAL LOANS s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s COST OF ENERGY s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT LINE s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT PROBLEMS s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISKS s CREDITS s CREDITWORTHINESS s DEBT s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT SERVICE s DECENTRALIZATION s DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS s DEPOSIT s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT BANKS s DIRECT FINANCING s DISTRICT HEATING s DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEM s DONOR FUNDS s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT s EIB s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY SAVINGS s ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA s ELIGIBLE BORROWERS s EMISSION s EMISSIONS s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY BILLS s ENERGY CONSERVATION s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY COST SAVINGS s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY DEVELOPMENT s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s ENERGY MANAGEMENT s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY PRICING s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SUPPLY s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL s EQUIPMENT s EVALUATION CRITERIA s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FACILITATION s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DATA s FINANCIAL EXPERTISE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MEANS s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCING COSTS s FINANCING NEEDS s FINANCING SOURCES s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FLEXIBLE FINANCING s FLOW OF FUNDS s FUEL s FUELS s FUND MANAGEMENT s FUND MANAGER s FUNDING SOURCES s FUNDS FLOW s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT GRANTS s GREENHOUSE GAS s HEAT s HEATING ENERGY s HEATING SYSTEMS s HIGH INTEREST RATES s HOT WATER s HOT WATER SUPPLY s HOUSING s IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES s INCENTIVES TO SAVE s INCOME TAX s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INITIAL FUNDING s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIES s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTRUMENT s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL BANKS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT CAPITAL s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT GRANTS s INVESTMENT PLAN s KILOWATT-HOUR s KILOWATT-HOURS s LACK OF AWARENESS s LACK OF INFORMATION s LACK OF KNOWLEDGE s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LENDER s LENDERS s LIEN s LIMITED ACCESS s LIMITED BORROWING CAPACITY s LOAN s LOAN APPRAISALS s LOAN FINANCING s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOAN PRODUCT s LOCAL BANK s LOCAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET INTEREST RATES s MARKET POWER s MATURITIES s MUNICIPAL BONDS s MUNICIPAL CREDIT s MUNICIPALITIES s OIL s OIL EQUIVALENT s OPERATING COSTS s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OUTREACH s PARTIAL CREDIT s PAYBACK PERIOD s PAYMENT DEFAULTS s PEER REVIEW s PIPELINE s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT s POTENTIAL INVESTMENT s POWER s PRESENT VALUE s PRIMARY ENERGY s PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS s PROMOTION OF INVESTMENTS s PROPERTY TAX s PUBLIC AGENCIES s PUBLIC BUDGETS s PUBLIC CREDIT s PUBLIC FACILITIES s PUBLIC FUNDS s PUBLIC SCHOOLS s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS s RENEWABLE RESOURCES s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT GUARANTEE s REPAYMENTS s RETIREMENT s REVOLVING FUND s RISK MANAGEMENT s SOCIAL SERVICES s STREAMS s SUBORDINATED DEBT s SUPERVISORY BOARD s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s TAX PAYMENTS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s THERMAL ENERGY s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSMISSION SYSTEM s TRANSPORT s TREATY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNION s UTILITY BILLS s UTILIZATION OF ENERGY English en_US The Government of Macedonia (GOM) plans to launch a National Program for Energy Efficiency in Public Buildings (NPEEPB, or "the program") to achieve energy efficiency (EE) improvements in the buildings sector and meet the strategic targets outlined in the energy development strategy of the Republic of Macedonia until 2030, the EE strategy until 2020, and the national EE action plan in 2010-18. The NPEEPB, coordinated by the Ministry of Economy (MOE), aims to retrofit existing public buildings and to lead by example in the implementation of EE measures. Its targets are public buildings that are used for administrative and other activities of public interest and that are fully owned by government institutions or municipalities. This report focuses on the financing mechanisms that are considered the best fit with the institutional environment to achieve the goals of the NPEEPB, and describes in detail the implementation of the proposed financing mechanisms: a full-service EE fund, a dedicated EE credit line, and a municipal EE improvement program implemented within the government. The national EE target is a 9 percent savings in final energy consumption by 2018, compared to average energy consumption in 2002-06. The NPEEPB target for energy savings in public buildings is 13.6 thousand tons of oil equivalents (ktoe) 2 per year, which is about 56 percent of the national EE target for the commercial and service sector 40 17-11-21 00:19:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987468X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17823 Volltext, Open Access

1759730122

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730122 OCoLC 1255602635 WBOKR 17873 EBP 064559629 KEP 064559629 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17873 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Review of State-Owned Banks in Belarus World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Belarus Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCOUNTABILITY s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AMOUNT OF CAPITAL s ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING s AUTONOMY s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK ASSETS s BANK CREDIT s BANK LENDING s BANK RECAPITALIZATION s BANKING INSTITUTION s BANKING LAW s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR ASSETS s BANKING SERVICES s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKS s BID s BIDDING s BOARDS OF DIRECTORS s BORROWER s BRANCH NETWORK s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL INJECTION s CAPITAL INJECTIONS s CAPITAL SHARE s CAPITALIZATION s CENTRAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CORPORATE DEPOSITS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIT CULTURE s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT GUARANTEES s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RISK s CURRENT ACCOUNT s DEBT s DEBT COLLECTION s DEBT SECURITIES s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT BANKS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELIGIBLE BORROWERS s EQUIPMENT s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXCHANGE RATE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DEEPENING s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL SECTOR ASSESSMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FIXED INTEREST s FIXED INTEREST RATE s FOREIGN CAPITAL s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS s FOREIGN LOANS s FORMAL BANK s GOVERNANCE STANDARDS s GOVERNMENT FUNDING s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS s HOLDING s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSING s INFLATION s INITIAL DEPOSIT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL BANKING s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s ISSUANCE s KEY CHALLENGE s LEADERSHIP s LENDER s LENDING BEHAVIOR s LENDING INSTRUMENTS s LINE OF CREDIT s LOAN s LOAN AMOUNT s LOAN CLASSIFICATION s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOAN QUALITY s LOAN UNDERWRITING s LOCAL ECONOMY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LONG-TERM RESOURCES s LOW INTEREST RATE s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY s MANDATES s MARKET INTEREST RATE s MARKET INTEREST RATES s MARKET LENDING s MARKET PRICES s MARKET PRICING s MARKET SHARE s MINIMUM CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO s MINISTER s MINISTERS s MONETARY FINANCING s MORAL HAZARD s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OUTSTANDING AMOUNT s PARTIAL CREDIT s PAYMENT SERVICES s PRICE STABILITY s PRICING POLICIES s PRIVATE BANKING s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRIVATE CREDIT s PRIVATE ENTERPRISES s PRIVATE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s PRIVATIZATION s PROFITABILITY s PRUDENTIAL STANDARDS s PRUDENTIAL SUPERVISION s PUBLIC BANK s PUBLIC BANKS s PUBLIC OFFICIALS s REGULATORY STANDARDS s REPAYMENT s RETURN s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAVINGS s SAVINGS BANK s SECURITIES s SECURITIES TRADING s SELF-SUSTAINABILITY s SETTLEMENT s SHAREHOLDER s SMALL BANK s SOURCE OF FUNDS s SOURCE OF INCOME s SOURCES OF FUNDS s STATE BANKS s STATE PROPERTY s SUBSIDIARY s SUBSIDIZATION s SUPERVISORY BOARD s SUPERVISORY BOARDS s SUPERVISORY FRAMEWORK s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s UNFAIR COMPETITION s UNIVERSAL BANK s WHOLESALE BANK English en_US This note reviews state-owned banks in Belarus and offers recommendations on how to strengthen them. It covers the Belarusbank, Belagroprombank, Belinvestbank, and Paritetbank (the public banks), and the recently established Development Bank of Belarus (DBB). Recommendations focus on corporate governance, funding, ownership function, mandate, lending models, and regulation and supervision. The note is based on information provided by the public banks, the Ministry of Finance, and the NBRB. However, due to their unavailability, the team did not hold meetings with the DBB and the Ministry of Economy. Thus, the analyses concerning the DBB are based on the review of its law as well as on discussions with the Ministry of Finance and the NBRB. The note is organized as follows: after this introduction, section two presents an overview of the public banks in Belarus and the role that they play in the local economy; section three discusses the details of Lending under Government Programs (LGP) and the importance for the public banks of the funding attached to these programs; section four analyzes the key features of the DBB, offering recommendations on how strengthen it; and section five concludes 40 17-11-21 00:19:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874698 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17873 Volltext, Open Access

1759730130

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730130 OCoLC 1255602793 WBOKR 17799 EBP 064559610 KEP 064559610 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17799 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Environmental Perspective of Russia's Accession to the World Trade Organization World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Agriculture and environmental services discussion paper no. 6 Europe and Central Asia Russian Federation s ABATEMENT COSTS s ACID s ACID RAIN s ACIDIFICATION s AIR s AIR EMISSIONS s AIR POLLUTION s AIR POLLUTION CONTROL s ANNUAL EMISSIONS s ATMOSPHERIC PARTICULATES s AUDITS s BASE YEAR s BENCHMARKING s BILATERAL TRADE s CANCER s CAPITAL FORMATION s CARBON s CARBON CAPTURE s CARBON CONTENT s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON MONOXIDE s CHEMICALS s CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES s CLEANER TECHNOLOGIES s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CO s CO2 s COAL s COLORS s COMBUSTION s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE MARKETS s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE s CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS s CONSUMER SURPLUS s CONSUMPTION PATTERNS s COST ANALYSIS s COST SAVINGS s CRU s CRUDE OIL s DECISION MAKING s DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CIRCUMSTANCES s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INCENTIVES s ECONOMIC OBJECTIVES s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMIC STRUCTURE s ECONOMIC THEORY s ECONOMICS s ECONOMISTS s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s ELASTICITIES s ELASTICITY s ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s EMISSION s EMISSION ABATEMENT s EMISSION CONTROL s EMISSION INTENSITY s EMISSION LEVELS s EMISSION LIMIT s EMISSION PRICING s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSION REDUCTION TARGET s EMISSION TAXES s EMISSION TRADING s EMISSIONS FROM FUEL s EMISSIONS LEVELS s EMISSIONS REDUCTION s EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS s EMPIRICAL STUDIES s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES s ENERGY MIX s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING s ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL GOODS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY s ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS s ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS s ENVIRONMENTS s EQUILIBRIUM s EQUIVALENT VARIATION s EUTROPHICATION s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURES s EXPORTS s FERROUS METALS s FERTILIZERS s FORESTRY s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUELS s FREE TRADE s FUEL SUBSTITUTION s FUEL SWITCHING s FUEL USE s GAS s GAS PRODUCTION s GDP s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES s GENERATION CAPACITY s GHG s GLOBAL WARMING s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION REDUCTION s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GASES s GREENHOUSE GASSES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HAZARDOUS WASTE s HYDROCARBONS s HYDROMETEOROLOGY s IMPERFECT COMPETITION s INCINERATION s INCOME s INCREASING RETURNS s INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE s INDIRECT EMISSIONS FROM ELECTRICITY s INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS s INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION s INEFFICIENCY s INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK s INTERMEDIATE INPUTS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s IRON s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LOWERING TRADE BARRIERS pha English en_US Russia's exports, imports ... 40 17-11-21 00:19:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874701 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17799 Volltext, Open Access

1759730149

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730149 OCoLC 1255602787 WBOKR 17836 EBP 064559602 KEP 064559602 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17836 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Seeing is Believing Poverty in the Palestinian Territories World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa West Bank and Gaza s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCESS TO MARKETS s ACCESS TO SERVICES s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AVAILABILITY OF SERVICES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CONFLICT s CONSUMPTION DATA s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES s CORRELATES OF POVERTY s DATA AVAILABILITY s DEGREE OF POVERTY s DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY s DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS s DEVELOPMENT PRACTITIONERS s DISADVANTAGED AREAS s DISAGGREGATED LEVEL s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMICS s EDUCATION LEVEL s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT STATUS s ESTIMATED COEFFICIENTS s ESTIMATES OF POVERTY s ESTIMATION METHOD s EXPLANATORY VARIABLES s EXTREME POVERTY s HEADCOUNT RATIO s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH INSURANCE s HIGH POVERTY s HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD HEADS s HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSEHOLD WELFARE s HOUSING s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME s INCOME LEVELS s INEQUALITY s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LACK OF ACCESS s LACK OF EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s LIVING STANDARDS s LOW LEVELS OF EDUCATION s LOW POVERTY RATE s MONITORING TOOL s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s POINT ESTIMATE s POLICY MAKERS s POLICY RESEARCH s POOR s POOR AREAS s POOR PEOPLE s POOR POPULATION s POORER HOUSEHOLDS s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY ANALYSIS s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATE s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATES s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INDICATORS s POVERTY INDICES s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY MAP s POVERTY MAPPING s POVERTY MAPPING EXERCISE s POVERTY MAPPING METHODOLOGY s POVERTY MAPS s POVERTY MEASUREMENT s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS s POVERTY SERIES s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PUBLIC SECTOR s REGIONAL LEVEL s REGIONAL MODEL s REGIONAL POVERTY s RURAL s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NET PROGRAMS s SANITATION s SCHOOLING s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SPATIAL VARIATIONS s STANDARD DEVIATION s TARGETING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s UNEMPLOYMENT s VULNERABLE GROUPS s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WELFARE MEASURES English en_US The Palestinian Territories have a uniquely fragmented geography, characterized by the isolation of Gaza from the rest of the world, and the man-made barriers to mobility within the West Bank. The internal mobility restrictions imposed by Israel, unique to the West Bank, play an important role in explaining spatial variations in outcomes within the West Bank. This is strikingly analogous to the role of Gaza's external barriers in explaining the divergence between the West Bank and Gaza. These have consequences for poverty and economic development. Detailed analysis using a series of labor force and household surveys were undertaken as part of the West Bank and Gaza poverty and inclusion assessment, coping with conflict? The analysis revealed that over the last decade, internal and external barriers have been associated with tremendous constraints to growth and investment, which is evident in high rates of unemployment, especially in Gaza and among women and youth. Poverty mapping relies on household survey and census data, making the most of the strengths of each, and compensating for their weaknesses. Certain key data requirements must be fulfilled to be able to construct a poverty map. Survey data must include detailed consumption data, which is the basis for calculating poverty estimates, for instance at the national and the regional level. However, the survey usually covers only a representative sample of the population. This tradeoff between sample size and the cost and time needed to collect quality consumption data implies that surveys cannot typically be used to calculate reliable poverty estimates for more disaggregated areas. This is because, at such lower levels of disaggregation, for instance, the community or village, the number of observations in the survey is too small to produce statistically reliable estimates. The census on the other hand covers the entire population and can therefore be reliable even at lower levels of aggregation. However, the census usually covers only basic information like demographics, education and employment but not detailed information on consumption 40 17-11-21 00:19:14.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987471X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17836 Volltext, Open Access

1759730157

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730157 OCoLC 1255602795 WBOKR 17846 EBP 064559599 KEP 064559599 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17846 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Botswana Social Protection Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Gaborone, Botswana 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Botswana s ABSOLUTE POVERTY s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s ANTI-POVERTY s ANTI-POVERTY PROGRAM s ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS s BASIC EDUCATION s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s BENEFIT LEVEL s CASH ASSISTANCE s CASH PAYMENTS s CASH TRANSFERS s CHILD LABOR s CHILD POVERTY s CHRONIC MALNUTRITION s CHRONIC POVERTY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CONDITIONAL CASH s CONTRIBUTORY PENSIONS s COPING STRATEGIES s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s COVARIATE SHOCKS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT PLANNING s DEVELOPMENT POLICIES s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s DISASTER RELIEF s DROUGHT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s ELDERLY s ELIGIBLE BENEFICIARIES s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS s ESTIMATES OF POVERTY s EXTENDED FAMILIES s EXTENDED FAMILY s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILY BENEFIT s FAMILY MEMBERS s FAMILY SUPPORT s FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FOOD ASSISTANCE s FOOD ITEMS s FOOD NECESSITIES s FOOD POVERTY s FOOD RELIEF s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD TRANSFERS s FUTURE EARNINGS s GOVERNMENT RESPONSE s GRANT PROGRAM s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEALTH CARE SERVICES s HEALTH CENTRES s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH SYSTEM s HEIGHT FOR AGE s HEIGHT-FOR-AGE s HIGH INEQUALITY s HIV s HOME AFFAIRS s HORIZONTAL EQUITY s HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX s HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS s HUMAN RESOURCES s IDIOSYNCRATIC RISKS s INCIDENCE OF POVERTY s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME SECURITY s INEQUALITY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSURANCE MECHANISMS s INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINE s INTERNATIONAL TRENDS s JOBLESS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s LACK OF EDUCATION s LACK OF SKILLS s LIVE BIRTHS s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s MALNUTRITION s MEANS TEST s MINIMUM WAGE s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MUTUAL AID s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NEEDY CHILDREN s NUMBER OF CHILDREN s NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS s NUTRITION PROGRAM s NUTRITION PROGRAMS s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTATION s OLD AGE s OLD AGE PENSION s OLD AGE PENSIONS s ORPHANS s PENSION s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PLAN OF ACTION s POLICY ANALYSIS s POLICY FRAMEWORK s POOR s POOR ADULTS s POOR CHILDREN s POOR FAMILIES s POOR INDIVIDUALS s POOR PEOPLE s POVERTY ANALYSIS s POVERTY ERADICATION s POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATE s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY MAP s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRIVATE PENSION s PRODUCTIVE ASSETS s PROGRAM COVERAGE s PROTECTION SYSTEM s PROTECTION SYSTEMS s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s PURCHASING POWER s REMOTE AREAS s RIGHT TO EDUCATION s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK-POOLING s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NET PROGRAMS s SAVINGS s SCHOOL CHILDREN s SCHOOL ENROLLMENTS s SCHOOL FEEDING s SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMS s SCHOOL FEES s SCHOOL MATERIALS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SELF-INSURANCE s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SET OF RECOMMENDATIONS s SHOCK s SINGLE-PARENT FAMILIES s SKILL DEVELOPMENT s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SKILLS TRAINING s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL RISK s SOCIAL SAFETY NET s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s SSN s SUPPORT GRANT s SUPPORT NETWORKS s SUPPORT PROGRAM s TARGETING s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TRANSFER PROGRAMS s TUBERCULOSIS s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VULNERABILITY s VULNERABLE CHILDREN s VULNERABLE GROUP s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s VULNERABLE INDIVIDUALS s WAGE RATE s WAR s WELFARE INDICATORS s WORK REQUIREMENTS s WORKFORCE s WORKS PROGRAM s YOUTH DEVELOPMENT English en_US Botswana is a small, landlocked, upper-middle-income country with a gross domestic product (GDP) of United States (U.S.) 17.3 billion dollars in 2011. Despite high levels of economic growth over the past two decades, poverty and inequality persist in Botswana and unemployment is high. The Government of Botswana (GoB) has developed and approved key strategic documents that articulate its long-term development objectives, including those in the social protection sector. The purpose of this assessment is to inform Botswana's future social protection and labor strategy and policies and help to achieve the goals of vision 2016. The assessment concentrates on social assistance programs as major reforms are already taking place or being considered for active labor market programs (ALMP) and social insurance programs. As social assistance programs are a significant draw on the GoB's budget and revenues from mining are projected to decline over the medium term, it will inevitably be necessary to increase the cost-effectiveness of existing programs. This assessment draws on the World Bank's Africa social protection strategy for 2012-2022 which, in addition to the issues addressed by the overall World Bank social protection strategy, stresses the need to focus on the targeted delivery of social services and on issues of good governance, efficient program design and delivery, and country-driven system development. To meet its objectives, the assessment is organized as follows: chapter one gives a brief discussion of the conceptual framework, chapter two discusses the principal vulnerable groups in Botswana and the risks that they face. Chapter three reviews the principal policies and programs that are already in place to address the risks that have been identified as well as the existing informal social protection arrangements. Chapter four assesses the adequacy of the social protection system by analyzing spending; program coverage, overlaps, and gaps; program generosity; targeting efficiency; cost-effectiveness; incentive compatibility and sustainability; monitoring and evaluation; and institutional arrangements. Chapter five contains recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:19:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874728 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17846 Volltext, Open Access

1759730165

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730165 OCoLC 1255602710 WBOKR 17835 EBP 064559580 KEP 064559580 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17835 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Urban Freight and Port Cities Edgar E. Blanco VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource s ACCESSIBILITY s AIM s AIRPORTS s BORDER CROSSINGS s BOXES s BUS s BUS LANES s BUSES s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CARGO s CARS s CITIES s CITY STREETS s CLEANER FUELS s COMMODITY s CONTAINERS s CUSTOMS s DELIVERIES s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DOUBLE PARKING s DRAYAGE s DRIVERS s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EMISSION s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSION STANDARDS s EMISSIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s EXTERNALITIES s FLEET OPERATORS s FLEETS s FREIGHT s FREIGHT ACTIVITY s FREIGHT MOBILITY s FREIGHT MOVEMENT s FREIGHT OPERATIONS s FREIGHT RAIL s FREIGHT TRAFFIC s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s FREIGHT VEHICLES s GREENHOUSE GASES s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAYS s HOURS OF OPERATION s INFRASTRUCTURE DAMAGE s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERSECTIONS s INVENTORY s JOURNEY s LAND USE s LANES s LOADING s LOGISTICS PLANNING s MANUFACTURING s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MOBILITY s MODE SHIFT s NARROW STREETS s NEIGHBORHOODS s NOISE s PEAK HOURS s PEAK TRAFFIC s PEAK TRAFFIC PERIODS s PEDESTRIAN s POLLUTION s POPULATION_GROWTH s PORT FACILITIES s PRIVATE VEHICLE s PRIVATE VEHICLES s PUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS s PUBLIC TRANSIT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s RAIL s RAIL CONNECTION s RAIL CROSSINGS s RAIL TRAFFIC s RAIL TRANSPORT s RAILROAD s RAILROAD CROSSINGS s REGIONAL TRANSPORT s ROAD s ROAD CAPACITY s ROAD CAPACITY EXPANSION s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD PRICING s ROAD SPACE s ROADS s ROADWAY s ROUTE s ROUTES s SHIPMENTS s SHIPPERS s SLUMS s SMART GROWTH s SPEEDS s SPILLOVER IMPACTS s SPRAWL s SUBURBAN RAIL s SUBURBAN RAIL NETWORK s SUPPLY CHAINS s TAXIS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC IMPACTS s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRAFFIC REGULATIONS s TRAINS s TRANSIT AUTHORITIES s TRANSIT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT TERMINALS s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH s TRIPS s TRIPS PER DAY s TRUCK TRAFFIC s TRUCKS s TUNNELS s URBAN s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN CONGESTION s URBAN CORE s URBAN CORRIDORS s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN ECONOMY s URBAN ENVIRONMENT s URBAN ENVIRONMENTS s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN LAND s URBAN MOBILITY s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN RAIL s URBAN TRANSPORTATION s URBAN TRANSPORTATION PLANNING s URBANIZATION s VEHICLE PARKING s VEHICLE TRAFFIC s VEHICLE USE s VEHICLE-MILES s VEHICLES s VESSELS s WAREHOUSES s WAREHOUSING English en_US This note explores issues within the urban logistics and port-cities thematic pillar. It is one of three focus areas, or thematic pillars, for the multi-donor trust fund for sustainable logistics (MDTF-SL). The goal of this pillar is to finance activities that will assist developing countries in two areas; addressing urban congestion resulting from retail distribution of goods, and improving the sustainable design and operation of port-cities. Activities under this pillar will concentrate on reducing congestion and pollution by focusing on the efficient distribution of goods in urban environments. Additional emphasis will be placed on the urban planning tools and investments required for port-cites to address sustainability issues endemic to densely populated economies serving as either a local or regional transport hubs 40 17-11-21 00:19:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874736 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17835 Volltext, Open Access

1759730173

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730173 OCoLC 1255602766 WBOKR 17798 EBP 064559572 KEP 064559572 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17798 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Thailand Economic Monitor, February 2014 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Bangkok 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Thailand s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTABILITY FOR RESULTS s ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEMS s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING SYSTEM s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS s AIRPORTS s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL BUDGET s ARREARS s ASSET PRICES s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BENEFICIARY s BOND s BOND ISSUANCE s BOND YIELDS s BONDS s BOTTLENECKS s BUDGET ALLOCATION s BUDGET EXPENDITURE s BUDGETARY ITEMS s BUDGETING s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL BUDGET s CAPITAL FLOW s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAR s CARS s CENTRAL AGENCIES s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVE PROCUREMENT s COMPETITIVENESS s CONGESTION s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER LOAN s COSTS OF TRANSPORTATION s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT s DEBT LEVELS s DECENTRALIZATION s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DIESEL s DIRECT INVESTMENTS s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC MARKET s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICIES s EDUCATION SERVICES s EQUIPMENT s EQUIPMENTS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE POLICY s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s FARMING HOUSEHOLD s FARMING HOUSEHOLDS s FINANCES s FINANCIAL BALANCES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL INCENTIVES s FISCAL OPERATIONS s FISCAL PERFORMANCE s FIXED CAPITAL s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FREIGHT s FUEL s GDP s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BOND YIELD s GOVERNMENT CONSUMPTION s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICES s HEAVY RELIANCE s HIGH SPEED RAIL s HIGH SPEED TRAIN s HIGH-SPEED RAIL s HIGH-SPEED RAIL SYSTEM s HIGHWAY s HIGHWAYS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INCOME TAX s INFLATION s INFORMATION ASYMMETRIES s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INFRASTRUCTURES s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTEREST RATES s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT SPENDING s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s LOAN s LOAN RATE s LOAN RATES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL PUBLIC FINANCE s MACROECONOMIC IMPACT s MASS TRANSIT s MASS TRANSIT SYSTEM s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MOBILITY s MOBILITY OF PEOPLE s MOTORWAYS s MUNICIPAL LEVEL s NET CAPITAL s NET EXPORTS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICES s OUTCOME DATA s OUTPUT DATA s PATTERN OF PUBLIC SPENDING s PERFORMANCE IN SERVICE DELIVERY s PERFORMANCE INDEX s PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME TAX s POLICY DECISIONS s POLICY RESPONSES s POLITICAL STABILITY s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTIES s POLLUTION s PRICE INFORMATION s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRIVATE CAPITAL INFLOWS s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROCUREMENT PROCESS s PROGRAMS s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICE s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC SPENDING PATTERNS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s PURCHASING POWER s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY MANAGEMENT s QUALITY OF LIFE s RAIL MASS TRANSIT s RAIL NETWORK s RAIL SERVICES s RAILROADS s RAILWAYS s REAL GDP s RESERVES s ROAD s ROAD TRANSPORT s SECTOR MINISTRIES s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVISION s SMALL MUNICIPALITIES s SOCIAL EQUITY s SOCIAL SECURITY s STOCK MARKET s STOCKS s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s TAX s TAX INCENTIVES s TOLL s TOTAL EXPENDITURE s TRACK RAIL s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TRAVEL TIME s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TRUE s WEALTH English en_US The Thai economy has been recovering slowly from the global financial crisis compared to countries like Malaysia and China. Growth in 2013 is projected to be 3 percent with slower than expected performance in all components of gross domestic product (GDP) - consumption, investment, next exports, and government spending. Growth is projected to be 4.0 percent in 2014 as the global economy recovers. Exports should accelerate and may well be helped by the tapering of the United States (U.S.) quantitative easing (QE) as the baht depreciates. Taking a longer perspective, there remains visible inequality in public service delivery and human achievement outcomes. Addressing the regional disparities is important for Thailand not only from a social equity perspective, but also from a competitiveness and economic growth perspective. As the population ages, Thailand is seeking to move to a high income economy. Such a transition will require a much broader base of healthy and high skilled citizens. Suggested policy responses include: (a) rebalancing public spending regionally, (b) improving the functioning of local administration by devolving more responsibility to local levels, and (c) supporting greater accountability at the local level. This report is divided into two parts: part one presents macroeconomic developments in 2013 and 2014; and part two deals with equitable public service provision in Thailand 40 17-11-21 00:19:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874744 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17798 Volltext, Open Access

1759730181

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730181 OCoLC 1255602713 WBOKR 17816 EBP 064559564 KEP 064559564 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17816 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Building Morocco's Resilience Inputs for an Integrated Risk Management Strategy World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Morocco s ACCIDENTS s ACCOUNTABILITY s ADVANCED ECONOMIES s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s ALLIANCES s ASSETS s AUDITING s BOARDS OF DIRECTORS s BORROWING s BUILDING CODE s CAPITAL MARKETS s CATASTROPHES s CATASTROPHIC RISKS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s CREDIBILITY s CRISES s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s DISASTER s DISASTER RECOVERY s DISASTER REDUCTION s DISASTER RELIEF s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTER RISKS s DONOR COORDINATION s DROUGHT s DROUGHTS s EARLY WARNING s EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS s EARTHQUAKE s EARTHQUAKES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC MODELS s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s ECONOMICS s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EMERGENCIES s EMERGENCY RECOVERY s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EXOGENOUS SHOCKS s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTREME EVENTS s FARMERS s FATALITIES s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FLOOD s FLOOD PROTECTION s FLOODED s FLOODING s FLOODS s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM s GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE s HEAT WAVE s HOUSING s HURRICANE s IMPACT EVENTS s IMPORT s IMPORTS s INCOME s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMED DECISIONS s INNOVATION s INNOVATIONS s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE CONTRACTS s INSURANCE COVERAGE s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE OPTIONS s INSURANCES s INSURER s INSURERS s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERVENTION STRATEGY s INVENTORY s KEY RISK s KEY RISKS s LANDSLIDE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEVEL OF INVESTMENT s MACROECONOMIC MODELS s MANDATES s MITIGATION s MITIGATION MEASURES s MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARD s NATURAL HAZARDS s NEGOTIATION s OIL REVENUES s OUTBREAK s OUTPUTS s PANDEMICS s PEER REVIEW s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE RISK s PRICE SUBSIDY s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC DEFICIT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC POLICIES s PUBLIC POLICY s REINSURANCE s RELIEF s RESCUE s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RISK ANALYSIS s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK ASSESSMENTS s RISK EXPOSURE s RISK FACTORS s RISK INSURANCE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS s RISK MITIGATION s RISK REDUCTION s RISK REDUCTIONS s RISK TAKING s RISK TRANSFER s SAFETY s SCIENTIFIC ORGANIZATIONS s SECRETARIES s SECTOR REFORM s SOCIAL BENEFITS s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s STORMS s SUBSIDIARY s TERRORISM s TIME HORIZON s TOP MANAGEMENT s TRANSPORT s TSUNAMI s TSUNAMIS s UNCERTAINTY s URBANIZATION s VICTIMS s WARNING SYSTEM English en_US Top decision makers and governments worldwide are witnessing an accelerating number of major shocks-global financial crises, hyper-volatility in commodity prices, devastating natural disasters, intercontinental pandemics as well as the changing nature of terrorism threats. These shocks, which inflict human suffering and major social, economic and political disruption, are fundamentally changing how governments view the importance of good risk management and the need to strengthen national resilience. As a consequence, risk management has evolved from being a technical issue to a strategic consideration. This report is input for the government of Morocco's development of an integrated risk management strategy. Developing and adopting a national strategy for integrated risk management (IRM) will make Morocco not only better prepared to avoid future crises, and more reactive and resilient if and when they occur, but also helps the government make more informed decisions on resource allocation and prioritization 40 17-11-21 00:19:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874752 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17816 Volltext, Open Access

175973019X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973019X OCoLC 1255602668 WBOKR 17820 EBP 064559556 KEP 064559556 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17820 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Green Logistics Enablers for Sustainable Development Jan C. Fransoo VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Netherlands Netherlands s ABATEMENT s ABATEMENT POTENTIAL s ACCIDENTS s AIR s AIR FREIGHT s AIR TRANSPORT s AIRPORTS s ALLOCATION s ANECDOTAL EVIDENCE s ASH s AUTOMOBILE s AUTOMOBILE TRAFFIC s AVIATION EMISSIONS s AVIATION FUEL s CAR s CAR MANUFACTURERS s CAR OWNERS s CARBON s CARBON ABATEMENT s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS s CARBON EMISSIONS s CARBON FOOTPRINT s CARBON LEAKAGE s CARBON MITIGATION s CARBON TAX s CARBON TECHNOLOGIES s CARS s CLEANER TECHNOLOGIES s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CO2 s COMMERCIAL VEHICLE OPERATORS s CONSUMPTION PATTERNS s COORDINATION OF TRANSPORT s COSTS OF TRANSPORT s DECISION MAKING s DIESEL s DIRECT ROUTES s DRIVER BEHAVIOR s DRIVERS s DRIVING s DRIVING CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC IMPACT s ECONOMIC MODELS s ECOSYSTEMS s ELASTICITIES s EMISSION s EMISSION ALLOWANCES s EMISSION REGULATION s EMISSION SOURCES s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS FROM PRODUCTION s EMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORTATION s EMISSIONS MITIGATION s EMISSIONS REDUCTION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY INTENSIVE s ENERGY INTENSIVE MANUFACTURING s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT s ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s ENVIRONMENTAL THINKING s EXTERNAL COSTS s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FLEET RENEWAL s FLEET SIZE s FOOD PRODUCTION s FREIGHT s FREIGHT SECTOR s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s FREIGHT TRANSPORT PRICE s FUEL s FUEL COST s FUEL COSTS s FUEL PRICE s FUEL TAX s FUEL TAXATION s GHG s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT s GLOBAL GREENHOUSE s GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS s GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS s GREEN HOUSE GASES s GREENER PRODUCTION s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GASES s HIGH-SPEED RAIL s HIGH-SPEED RAIL SYSTEM s INCOME s INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL AVIATION s JOBS s JOURNEYS s LAND-USE PLANNING s LONG-DISTANCE s LONG-DISTANCE TRAFFIC s LONGER DISTANCES s LOW-CARBON s MILEAGE s MODAL CHOICE s MODAL SHIFT s MODE OF TRANSPORT s MODE OF TRANSPORTATION s MODES OF TRANSPORT s MONETARY UNITS s MOTORWAYS s NATURAL CAPITAL s NATURAL ENVIRONMENT s NOISE s NOX s OIL s OIL PRICE s OZONE s PARTICULATE s PARTICULATE MATTER s PASSENGER TRAFFIC s PASSENGER TRANSPORT s PASSENGER VEHICLES s POLICY INSTRUMENTS s POLICY MAKERS s POLLUTANTS s POLLUTION s POLLUTION CONTROL s POLLUTION PREVENTION s POLLUTION REDUCTION s POWER PLANTS s PRICE CHANGES s PRICE ELASTICITIES s PRICE ELASTICITY s PRICE ELASTICITY OF FREIGHT TRANSPORT s PRICE INCREASE s PRODUCTION PROCESSES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC PERCEPTION s RAIL s RAIL CORRIDORS s RAIL SYSTEM s RAIL TRACK s RAIL TRACKS s RAIL TRAFFIC s RAIL TRANSPORT s RAW MATERIALS s RECYCLING s REDUCING EMISSIONS s REDUCTIONS IN FUEL CONSUMPTION s REGIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS INITIATIVE s REGULATORY POLICIES s RELATIVE PRICE s RENEWABLE RESOURCE s ROAD s ROAD CONDITIONS s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROUTES s SAFETY s SCENARIOS s SCRUBBERS s SHIPS s SO2 s SPEEDS s SUBSTITUTION s SULPHUR s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE s TEMPERATURE s TRADE SYSTEM s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT CORRIDORS s TRANSPORT ECONOMICS s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURES s TRANSPORT NETWORK s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT STRATEGY s TRANSPORTATION s TRIPS s TRUCKS s URBAN CONGESTION s VARIABLE COST s VEHICLE s VEHICLE DESIGN s VEHICLE MILES s VEHICLES s VOLUME OF TRAFFIC s WASTE s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WILLINGNESS TO PAY English en_US Logistics is the backbone of industry and commerce. As a discipline, it describes the management and coordination of activities along supply chains. These activities include freight transport, storage, inventory management, materials handling and related information processing. A large part of logistics activities are often outsourced to specialized providers that provide cost-effective services. Research has shown that, at least in high income economies, the value of services is not assessed in monetary and service quality terms alone. In making decisions, logistics professionals are increasingly taking into consideration external effects such as emissions, pollution, noise, and accidents. 'Green logistics' may not be an independent policy area. Rather, the supply chain perspective provides a framework to understand and deal with issues that are separate but ultimately interrelated. Importantly, looking at supply chains helps policy makers understand the interests and actions of private sector operators. 'Green logistics' may therefore propose a number of tools and identify emerging sustainable solutions contributing to the overarching objective of 'green growth.' 40 17-11-21 00:19:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874760 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17820 Volltext, Open Access

1759730203

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:38.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730203 OCoLC 1255602720 WBOKR 17834 EBP 064559548 KEP 064559548 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17834 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Developments and Needs for Sustainable Agro-Logistics in Developing Countries Joost Snels VerfasserIn aut Jack G.A.J. van der Vorst VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Netherlands Netherlands s ACCESSIBILITY s AGRICULTURE s AIR s AIR FREIGHT s AIR POLLUTION s AIRPORT s AUCTIONS s AUTOMATION s BANANAS s BEEF s BEST PRACTICES s BOTTLENECKS s BRAIN DRAIN s BRIDGE s BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT s BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE s BUSINESS PROCESS s BUSINESSES s BUYERS s CACAO s CAPABILITY s CARRIERS s CHILD LABOR s CLIMATE CHANGE s COLD CHAIN s COLD CHAINS s COMMODITIES s COMMODITY s COMMUNICATION NETWORKS s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE PRICE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONTAINERS s COSTS OF TRANSPORTATION s CUSTOMER DEMANDS s CUSTOMER RESPONSE s CUSTOMER SATISFACTION s CUSTOMER SERVICE s CUSTOMS s DAIRY s DATA ANALYSIS s DECISION MAKING PROCESS s DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS s DEMAND FOR FOOD s DEMAND FORECASTING s DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DOMAIN s DRIVERS s DRIVING s ECONOMIC BENEFITS s ECONOMIC CRISES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMICS s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EMERGING MARKETS s EMISSION s EMISSION TRADING s EMISSIONS s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EQUIPMENT s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES s EXPORT PROMOTION s FAIR s FAIR TRADE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FOOD AVAILABILITY s FOOD CHAIN s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD DEMAND s FOOD DISTRIBUTION s FOOD ENGINEERING s FOOD INDUSTRIES s FOOD INDUSTRY s FOOD LAW s FOOD LOSSES s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PROCESSING s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD QUALITY s FOOD SAFETY s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SPOILAGE s FOOD SUPPLY s FOREIGN INVESTMENTS s FREIGHT SERVICES s FRUIT s FRUITS s FUEL s FUELS s GERMS s GLOBAL MARKETPLACE s GLOBALIZATION s HARDWARE s HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION s HUMAN CAPITAL s ICT s IMPACT ASSESSMENT s INCOME s INFORMATION FLOWS s INFORMATION SHARING s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING s INFRASTRUCTURES s INNOVATION s INNOVATIONS s INSPECTION s INTERFACES s INTERNATIONAL ACTORS s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT s INTERNATIONALIZATION s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s INVENTORY CONTROL s INVENTORY COSTS s INVENTORY MANAGEMENT s LABOR FORCE s LABOUR s LABOUR FORCE s LAND USE s LAND-USE PLANNING s LICENSE s LOCALIZATION s LOGISTICS COMPANIES s LOGISTICS SYSTEM s LOGISTICS SYSTEMS s MAIZE s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MANGO s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DEMAND s MARKET DEMANDS s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET PLACE s MARKET PRICE s MARKET TRANSPARENCY s MARKETING s MARKETPLACE s MATERIAL s MEAT s MIDDLEMEN s NATURAL RESOURCES s NETWORKS s NEXT GENERATIONS s NOISE s NUT s OPEN MARKET s ORDER FULFILLMENT s OUTSOURCING s PACKAGING s PACKING s PALM OIL s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCES s PERISHABILITY s PERISHABLE FOOD s PESTICIDES s POLLUTION s POTATOES s PRICE FLUCTUATIONS s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE INDEX s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT s PRODUCT QUALITY s PRODUCTION PROCESSES s PRODUCTIVITY s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROTEIN s PROTOCOLS s PURCHASING s PURCHASING POWER s QUALITY MANAGEMENT s R&D s RAIL s RESOURCE PLANNING s RESULT s RESULTS s RETAIL s RICE s ROAD s ROADS s ROUTES s SAFETY s SAFETY STANDARDS s SALE s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SMART TAGS s SPREAD s STANDARDIZATION s STAPLE FOODS s STOCKS s STORAGE FACILITIES s SUGAR s SUPERMARKETS s SUPPLIERS s SUPPLY CHAIN s SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT s SUPPLY CHAINS s SUPPLY MANAGEMENT s SUPPLY NETWORK s SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT s TAX s TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS s TECHNOLOGICAL STANDARDS s TEMPERATURE CONTROLS s TIRES s TRACEABILITY s TRADE FACILITATION s TRANSIT s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION ALTERNATIVES s TRANSPORTATION COSTS s TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT s TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH s TRUCKS s TURNOVER s VALUE CHAIN s VALUE CHAINS s VEGETABLES s VEHICLES s VIRTUAL BUSINESS s WAREHOUSES s WASTE REDUCTION s WHEAT s WHOLESALERS s WORKING CONDITIONS s WORLD FOOD SUMMIT English en_US The Multi-Donor Trust Fund for Sustainable Logistics (MDTF-SL) aims at promoting innovative assistance projects that can break new grounds, test new ideas, and generate new knowledge for sustainable logistics that can be replicated in other countries and project. In November 2013 we were asked to write a position paper that analyses the state of affairs in Agro-Logistics. It aims to: (1) review and suggest a conceptual grounding for the MDTF-SL's activities; (2) outline the specific challenges developing countries face on Agro-Logistics; and (3) review existing attempts or interventions to meet the identified challenges. This position note starts with a definition for agro-logistics to have a mutual understanding of the concept. Section two presents emerging global trends and developments, which are then, translated to key logistics objectives in section three. Next, in section four, five international cases are presented that illustrate the needs and key bottlenecks in agro-logistics for developing countries. Section five presents an overview of potential interventions to improve logistics performances, resulting in recommendations (section six) 40 17-11-21 00:19:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874779 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17834 Volltext, Open Access

1759730211

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730211 OCoLC 1255602739 WBOKR 17845 EBP 06455953X KEP 06455953X 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17845 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO What Drives the High Price of Road Freight Transport in Central America? Gonzalo Enrique Araya VerfasserIn aut Theresa Osborne VerfasserIn aut Maria Claudia Pachon VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Central America Latin America & Caribbean s AIR s AIR FREIGHT s AIRPORT s AIRPORTS s AVERAGE COSTS s AVERAGE PRICE s AVERAGE PRICES s AVERAGE SPEED s AVERAGE SPEEDS s AVERAGE TRAVEL SPEEDS s BANK LOANS s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BITUMEN s BORDER CROSSING s BORDER CROSSINGS s BOTTLENECKS s CARGO s COMPETITIVE MARKETS s COMPETITIVE PRICES s CONGESTION COSTS s CONSTRUCTION s CONSUMERS s CORRIDOR s CORRIDOR TRANSPORT s COST ANALYSIS s COST OF TRANSPORTATION s DEREGULATION s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DOMESTIC ROUTES s DRIVER BEHAVIOR s DRIVERS s DUTY s ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s ECONOMIC THEORY s ECONOMIES OF SCALE s EFFICIENT MARKET s ELASTICITIES s ELASTICITY s EMISSION s ENDOGENOUS VARIABLES s EQUATIONS s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT s FACTOR PRICES s FARES s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FIXED COSTS s FLEET SIZE s FLEETS s FOREIGN COMPETITION s FREIGHT s FREIGHT COSTS s FREIGHT DELIVERY s FREIGHT FLOWS s FREIGHT SECTOR s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s FREIGHT TRANSPORT PRICES s FUEL s FUEL COST s FUEL COSTS s FUEL EFFICIENCY s FUEL PRICES s FUEL SAVINGS s FUELS s GDP s GRAVEL s HIGH TRANSPORT s IMPERFECT COMPETITION s INCOME s INFLATION s INPUT PRICES s INTEREST RATE s INTERNATIONAL PORTS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVENTORIES s LENGTH OF ROUTE s LOADING s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s MAIN ROAD s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET BEHAVIOR s MARKET CONCENTRATION s MARKET SEGMENT s MARKET SEGMENTATION s MARKET SEGMENTS s MARKET STRUCTURE s MERCHANDISE s MERCHANDISE EXPORTS s MERCHANDISE TRADE s MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES s MILEAGE s MODE OF TRANSPORT s MOTOR CARRIER s MOTOR CARRIERS s MOTORISTS s NORMAL PROFITS s OIL PRICES s OPPORTUNITY COST s OPPORTUNITY COSTS s PETROLEUM PRICES s POLICE s PREDATORY PRICING s PROFIT MARGINS s PURCHASE PRICE s RANGE s REDUCTIONS IN TRAFFIC s REDUCTIONS IN TRAFFIC CONGESTION s ROAD s ROAD DAMAGE s ROAD QUALITY s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD TRANSPORT PRICES s ROAD TRANSPORT SERVICES s ROADS s ROUTE s ROUTES s SALES s SERVICES MARKET s STRUCTURES s TARIFF BARRIERS s TAX s TIRE PRESSURE s TIRES s TON KILOMETER s TOTAL COSTS s TOTAL OUTPUT s TRACTORS s TRADE BARRIERS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT MODE s TRANSPORT OF GOODS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT STRATEGIES s TRANSPORT TARIFFS s TRAVEL DISTANCES s TRAVEL SPEED s TRIPS s TRUCKING s TRUCKS s TRUE s VARIABLE COSTS s VARIABLE INPUTS s VEHICLE s VEHICLE EMISSIONS s VEHICLE FLEET s VEHICLE OPERATING s VEHICLE OPERATING COST s VEHICLE OPERATING COSTS s VEHICLE SIZE s VEHICLE UTILIZATION s VEHICLES s VOLUME OF TRAFFIC s WAGES s WAREHOUSES English en_US In Central America, like many other developing regions, high transport costs are cited as an important impediment to trade and economic growth. Prices for road freight transport, a key mode of transport comprising a significant share of total transport costs for both intra, and extra, regional trade, are particularly high. Averaging 17 US cents per ton-kilometer on main trading routes, these rates stand out even relative to other inefficient developing country markets (e.g., central and west Africa). However, the policy and other factors associated with increased prices have not been well understood. Using data from a survey of trucking companies operating on the region's main trade corridors, this paper analyzes the primary drivers affecting firms' cost of providing service, as well as the effect of market structure and competition on markups and prices. We find that whereas improved cost efficiencies could reduce prices by 3 cents per ton?kilometer, increased competition on national routes, those entirely within a nation's borders, will reduce prices by significantly more. Although there are many trucking companies, including small and somewhat informal operators, the degree of competition varies by route due to domestic restraints on competition and the prohibition on international competition on national routes. Our empirical result shows that the effect of barriers to entry and imperfect competition on markups accounts for at least 35 percent of mean prices on national routes. Moreover, a lack of competition is likely to explain the persistence of an inefficient market structure and scale of operation, as well as a lack of innovation to reduce costs and enhance the quality of service 40 17-11-21 00:19:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874787 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17845 Volltext, Open Access

175973022X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973022X OCoLC 1255602615 WBOKR 17870 EBP 064559521 KEP 064559521 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17870 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia Evaluation of the Urban Community Driven Development Program, Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mandiri Perkotaan World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE s ACCOUNTABILITY s AUDITING s AUDITS s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s BASIC NEEDS s BASIC SERVICES s BENEFICIARIES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CITIES s CLEAN WATER s COLLECTIVE ACTION s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITY CONTRIBUTIONS s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT s COMMUNITY GRANTS s COMMUNITY INITIATIVES s COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT s COMMUNITY LEADERS s COMMUNITY MAPPING s COMMUNITY MEETINGS s COMMUNITY MEMBERS s COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITY OUTREACH s COMMUNITY OWNERSHIP s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMMUNITY SELF HELP s COMMUNITY SELF HELP GROUPS s CONSULTATIVE PROCESS s CORRUPTION s CRIME s CRISES s DATA COLLECTION s DECISION MAKING s DEMOCRACY s DESCRIPTION s DEVELOPMENT PLANNING s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT s ENGINEERS s FACILITATORS s FEMALE s FEMALES s FIELD SURVEYS s FIELD VISITS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s GENDER s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSES s HOUSING s HOUSING IMPROVEMENTS s IMPACT EVALUATION s INCOME s INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS s INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENTS s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEWS s LAND USE s LEARNING s LESSONS LEARNED s LIVING CONDITION s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOCAL CAPACITY s LOCAL CAPACITY BUILDING s LOCAL COMMUNITY s LOCAL GOVERNANCE s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INSTITUTIONS s MARGINAL AREAS s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s NATIONAL LEVEL s NEIGHBORHOOD s OUTREACH s PARTICIPATION IN PLANNING s PARTICIPATION RATES s PARTICIPATORY APPROACH s PARTICIPATORY PLANNING s PARTICIPATORY PROCESS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PILOT ACTIVITIES s POOR HEALTH s POOR URBAN COMMUNITIES s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS s PRIME MINISTER s PROCUREMENT s PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES s PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT s PROJECT MONITORING s PURCHASING POWER s PURCHASING POWER PARITY s QUALITATIVE METHODS s QUALITATIVE TOOLS s REGIONAL POVERTY s RESETTLEMENT s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY s SANITATION s SCHOOL FEES s SELF HELP s SERVICE DELIVERY s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT PLANNING s SLUM s SLUM AREAS s SLUM UPGRADING s SLUMS s SOCIAL ACTIVITIES s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL GROUPS s SOCIAL INTERMEDIATION s SOCIAL NETWORKS s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL SERVICES s SPATIAL PLANNING s STREET CHILDREN s SUBJECTIVE ASSESSMENTS s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s TARGETING s URBAN AREAS s URBAN COMMUNITIES s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN ENVIRONMENTS s URBAN GOVERNANCE s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN POLICY s URBAN POOR s URBAN POVERTY s URBAN PROJECTS s URBAN ROADS s URBAN STUDIES s URBAN UPGRADING s URBANIZATION s UTILITIES s VILLAGES s WASTE s WASTE COLLECTION s YOUTH English en_US Indonesia's Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) is the largest Community Driven Development (CDD) program in the world covering all urban wards (PNPM-Urban) and rural villages (PNPM-Rural) in Indonesia. This policy note summarizes a comprehensive process evaluation of the PNPM-Urban program which has been carried by the Research and Development (RAND) corporation in collaboration with survey meter, as well as a rapid appraisal of two pilot subcomponents of the PNPM-Urban program: the Neighborhood Development Scheme (ND), and Poverty Alleviation Partnership Grant Mechanism (PAPG) carried out by a small team of consultants. The RAND evaluation was designed to look at how specific aspects of the program are working, document good practice, distill lessons learned, and identify options for program reform based mainly on a qualitative field study in a sample of kelurahans. This paper is organized as follows: section one gives introduction and approach. The main findings of the evaluation and rapid appraisal are summarized in section two, followed by a discussion and recommendations for program design in section three. The full studies including detailed findings and data are available as companions to this policy note 40 17-11-21 00:19:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874795 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17870 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730238 OCoLC 1255602827 WBOKR 17849 EBP 064559513 KEP 064559513 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17849 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Towards Cleaner Industry and Improved Air Quality Monitoring in Kazakhstan World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCIDENTS s ACETALDEHYDE s AIR s AIR EMISSION s AIR EMISSIONS s AIR MONITORING s AIR POLLUTANTS s AIR POLLUTION s AIR POLLUTION CONTROL s AIR POLLUTION INFORMATION s AIR POLLUTION MONITORING s AIR POLLUTION PROBLEMS s AIR QUALITY s AIR QUALITY DATA s AIR QUALITY INFORMATION s AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT s AIR QUALITY MONITORING s AIR QUALITY PLANS s AIR QUALITY STANDARDS s ALLOWANCE TRADING s AMBIENT AIR s AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION s AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS s AMBIENT ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY s AMBIENT POLLUTION s AMMONIA s ANTIMONY s ARSENIC s ATMOSPHERIC EMISSIONS s ATMOSPHERIC MONITORING s ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BENZENE s BRIDGE s CADMIUM s CALCULATION s CAR s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON MONOXIDE s CARS s CHLORINE s CLEANER PRODUCTION s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CO s CO2 s COAL s COLD WINTERS s COMBUSTION s CONTROL REQUIREMENTS s COPPER s COPPER SMELTERS s COST SAVINGS s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s DIESEL s DIFFUSION s DRIVERS s DUST s ECONOMIC BENEFITS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ELECTRIC POWER s EMISSION s EMISSION LIMIT s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSION REDUCTION MEASURES s EMISSION REDUCTIONS s EMISSION SOURCES s EMISSION STANDARDS s EMISSION TRADING s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS CONTROL s EMISSIONS DATA s EMISSIONS PERMITS s EMISSIONS SOURCES s EMISSIONS STANDARDS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY GENERATION s ENERGY PRODUCTION s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL AGENCY s ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS s ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS s ENVIRONMENTAL EMISSIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL MEDIA s ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY s ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION s ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS s EXHAUST EMISSIONS s FERROUS METALS s FINE PARTICLE s FINE PARTICLES s FORMALDEHYDE s FOSSIL FUEL s FUEL STANDARDS s FUELS s FUGITIVE EMISSIONS s GASES s GHG s GOLD s GREEN HOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION s GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY s HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES s HEALTH PROTECTION s HEALTH STANDARDS s HEAT PRODUCTION s HEAVY INDUSTRY s HUMAN HEALTH s HYDROGEN s HYDROGEN CHLORIDE s HYDROGEN FLUORIDE s HYDROGEN SULFIDE s INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS s INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES s INDUSTRIAL FACILITY s INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION s INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION s INPUT USE s INSPECTION s IRON s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s MERCURY s METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS s MINES s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NH3 s NICKEL s NITROGEN s NITROGEN DIOXIDE s NITROGEN OXIDE s NITROGEN OXIDES s NO2 s NOX s O&M s O3 s OIL s OIL REFINERIES s OZONE s OZONE FORMATION s PAH s PARTICULATE s PARTICULATE AIR POLLUTION s PARTICULATE MATTER s PARTICULATES s PHENOL s PM10 s POINT SOURCES s POLICY INSTRUMENTS s POLICY MAKERS s POLLUTANT s POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS s POLLUTANT EMISSIONS s POLLUTERS s POLLUTION COSTS s POLLUTION EMISSIONS s POLLUTION LEVELS s POLLUTION PREVENTION s POLLUTION REDUCTION s POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS s POWER PLANT s POWER PLANTS s PREMATURE DEATHS s PREMATURE MORTALITY s PRODUCERS s PRODUCTION PROCESSES s PROPAGATION s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s QUALITY ASSESSMENT s QUALITY REGULATION s QUALITY STANDARDS s RECYCLING s ROAD s SAFETY s SAFETY REGULATIONS s SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE s SILVER s SMOG s SO2 s SOURCE OF POLLUTION s SOX s SPEEDS s STATIONARY SOURCE s SULFATE s SULFUR s SULFUR DIOXIDE s SULFUR OXIDES s SULPHATE s SULPHUR s SULPHUR DIOXIDE s SULPHUR OXIDES s SUSPENDED PARTICLES s SUSPENDED SOLIDS s TANTALUM s TEMPERATURE s TIN s TOLL s TOLUENE s TRACE ELEMENTS s TRADABLE PERMITS s TRAFFIC s TRANSIT s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM s URANIUM s VEHICLE s VEHICLE EMISSION s VEHICLE EMISSIONS s VOC s VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS s WASTE s WASTE DISPOSAL s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WEATHER CONDITIONS s WIND s XYLENE s ZINC English en_US Kazakhstan's environmental situation is at a critical cross-road, where the pressures of economic growth without adequate environmental controls and the legacy of industrial production are beginning to take their toll on society in terms of health. In addition, Kazakhstan strives to promote itself as a modern and resource-efficient economy that is worthy of top international standing. In response, a series of proactive planning has emerged through such strategic initiatives as the Green Economy Concept with its accompanying actions that aim to reduce the ecological footprint of economic activities, promote sustainable economic growth and place Kazakhstan on a cleaner and greener development path. The document details the background and context of the situation in the country, and the initiatives that are being taken to improve air quality 40 17-11-21 00:19:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874809 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17849 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730246 OCoLC 1255602821 WBOKR 17769 EBP 064559505 KEP 064559505 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17769 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Update Albania International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource ALBANIA Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTING s ARREARS s ASSET QUALITY s ASSET RATIO s ASSET VALUE s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s AUDIT COMMITTEES s AUDIT STANDARDS s BAILIFF s BAILIFFS s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK ASSETS s BANK BRANCHES s BANK CREDIT s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK HOLDINGS s BANK MARKET s BANK PROFITABILITY s BANK SUPERVISION s BANKING LAW s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR ASSETS s BANKING SYSTEM s BID s BIDS s BOND ISSUING s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPITALIZATION s CASH MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL SECURITIES DEPOSITORY s CIVIL CODE s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL POLICY s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMPENSATION FUND s CONTINGENCY PLANNING s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIT ASSOCIATIONS s CREDIT COOPERATIVES s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT LOSSES s CREDIT POLICIES s CREDIT RISK s CREDITORS s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT ISSUANCE s DEBT ISSUANCES s DEBT MARKET DEVELOPMENT s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEBT SECURITIES s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITORS s DOMESTIC BANKING s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKET s DURABLE s DURABLE GOODS s ENFORCEMENT POWERS s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY RETURN s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL STRESS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL DEFICITS s FOREIGN BANK s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY LOANS s FOREIGN CURRENCY RISKS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET s FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKETS s FRAMEWORK FOR REPO TRANSACTIONS s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEBT MARKETS s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES MARKETS s GRANT FUNDING s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s HOLDINGS OF GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s INFLATION s INSOLVENCY REGIME s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE PREMIUM s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT STRATEGIES s INVESTOR BASE s ISSUANCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTION s LENDER s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIABILITY s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT s LIQUIDITY POSITION s LIQUIDITY RISK s LIQUIDITY RISKS s LOAN s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN PORTFOLIO AS COLLATERAL s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOCAL MARKET s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET BORROWING s MARKET FOR GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET RISKS s MARKET VALUE s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MATURITY MISMATCHES s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s NATIONAL BANK s NON PERFORMING LOANS s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OPERATIONAL INDEPENDENCE s OUTSTANDING LOANS s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s POST OFFICES s PRICE DISCOVERY s PRIMARY MARKET s PROVISIONING RULES s PRUDENTIAL REGULATION s PRUDENTIAL STANDARDS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT HOLDING s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s REAL ESTATE LOANS s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPAYMENT s REPO s REPO MARKET s RESERVES s RETAIL INVESTORS s RETURN s RETURN ON ASSETS s RETURNS s RISK EXPOSURE s RISK FACTORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SAFETY NET s SECONDARY MARKET s SECONDARY MARKET ACTIVITY s SECONDARY MARKET PARTICIPATION s SECURITIES s SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT RISKS s SHAREHOLDERS s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SOLVENCY s SOVEREIGN DEBT s SOVEREIGN RISKS s STOCK EXCHANGE s SUPERVISORY AGENCIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s T-BILLS s TAX s TAX CODE s TAX POLICY s TAX TREATMENT s TERRORISM s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s TREASURY BONDS s UNDERLYING ASSETS s VALUATION s VALUATIONS s WITHDRAWAL s WORKING CAPITAL s YIELD CURVE English en_US Although the Albanian financial system withstood the shocks of 2008 global crisis relatively well, it continues to operate in highly uncertain macroeconomic environment, which triggers increased vulnerabilities in the system. The decline in profitability, growing non-performing loans (NPLs), substantial level of euroization, continued deleveraging of foreign bank subsidiaries and significant investments in government bonds in the absence of active secondary market are the main challenges that banking system faces. Given strong trade and financial links with euro area, the financial system and real sector in general are increasingly vulnerable to external shocks as well. Since 2007 the Bank of Albania (BoA) has introduced several macro-prudential measures to safeguard financial stability in the country. Higher risk weights and stricter loan-to-value and debt-to-income ratios were placed on banks surpassing twin limits on the rate of credit growth and NPL levels. A second set of macro-prudential policies was put in place in late 2011 to limit contagion risks and international spillovers: (i) foreign bank branches were converted into subsidiaries; (ii) liquidity regulations were tightened; and (iii) the regulation on related-party exposure was enhanced. In addition to that, the risk weights for unhedged borrowers were increased to 150 percent and a limit of such loans was set to 400 percent of capital. Overall, financial reporting legislation in Albania has improved recently and has a high degree of alignment with the acquis communautaire of the European Union (EU) 40 17-11-21 00:19:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874817 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17769 Volltext, Open Access

1759730254

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730254 OCoLC 1255602834 WBOKR 17755 EBP 064559491 KEP 064559491 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17755 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Angola Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Angola s ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY s ACCESS TO WATER s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AUTONOMOUS WATER UTILITIES s BOREHOLES s CAPACITY BUILDING s COMMUNITY GROUPS s CONNECTION s CONNECTION FEES s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES s COST RECOVERY s COST RECOVERY MECHANISMS s COST RECOVERY SYSTEMS s DECISION MAKERS s DRAINAGE s DRAINAGE SYSTEMS s DRAINAGE WORKS s DRINKING WATER s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s HYGIENE PROMOTION s INVESTMENT COSTS s INVESTMENT FINANCING s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s LATRINE s LATRINES s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS s MUNICIPAL UTILITIES s MUNICIPAL UTILITY s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY s PIPED WATER s POPULATION GROWTH s PROPERTY OWNERS s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PROVINCIAL UTILITIES s PROVINCIAL WATER s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WORKS s QUANTITY OF WATER s RAPID URBANIZATION s REGULATORY AGENCY s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SCHEMES s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION ACCESS s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION EDUCATION s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION MASTER PLANS s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION UTILITIES s SCHOOL SANITATION s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWAGE s SEWAGE TREATMENT s SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS s SEWER SYSTEMS s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE NETWORKS s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s SMALL TOWN s SMALL TOWNS s STANDPIPES s SUPPLY WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s URBAN AREAS s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN HOUSEHOLDS s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN RESIDENTS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN SERVICE DELIVERY s URBAN SERVICES s URBAN UTILITIES s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s USERS s UTILITY EMPLOYEES s WASHING s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER SYSTEM s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WATER COVERAGE s WATER LAW s WATER POINTS s WATER PROVIDERS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SCHEMES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICES s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TANK s WATER TANKER s WATER UTILITIES s WELLS English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of Country Status Overviews (CSOs) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's Water and Sanitation Program and the African Development Bank who are implementing it in close partnership with United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) in over 30 countries across SSA. This CSO2 report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of Angola and other stakeholders during 2009/10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors: rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation and hygiene. The CSO2 analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The CSO2's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:15.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874825 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17755 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730262 OCoLC 1255602790 WBOKR 17756 EBP 064559483 KEP 064559483 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17756 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Burkina Faso Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Burkina Faso s ABSORPTION CAPACITY s ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACCESS TO WATER s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s BOREHOLES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS s CERTIFICATION s CONNECTION s CONNECTIONS s CONNECTIONS POLICY s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION OF FACILITIES s CUBIC METERS s DEMAND FOR SANITATION s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s FLUSH LATRINE s FLUSH TOILETS s HOUSEHOLD LATRINES s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN EXCRETA s HYGIENE s HYGIENE EDUCATION s HYGIENE PROJECTS s INDUSTRIAL USERS s INVESTMENT COSTS s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s LARGE URBAN WATER SUPPLY s LATRINE COVERAGE s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL PRIVATE SECTOR s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s MANAGEMENT OF WATER SUPPLY s MONITORING PROGRAM s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER POLICY s NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY s OPEN DEFECATION s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIT LATRINE s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PROTECTED SPRINGS s PUBLIC COMPANY s PUBLIC SANITATION s RAINWATER HARVESTING s RAINWATER HARVESTING FACILITIES s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION FACILITY s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION MANAGEMENT s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROMOTION s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE DEVELOPMENT s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE NETWORKS s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SMALL TOWN s SMALL TOWN SCHEMES s SMALL TOWNS s SUSTAINABLE SANITATION s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TOILET s TOILET BLOCKS s TREATMENT FACILITIES s TREATMENT PLANT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s URBAN WATER SUPPLY INFRASTRUCTURE s UTILITIES s VIP LATRINES s VOLUME OF WATER s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER LAW s WATER POINT s WATER POINTS s WATER POLICY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES s WATER TARIFF s WATER USERS s WELLS English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of Country Status Overviews (CSOs) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation (WSS) and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's Water and Sanitation Program and the African Development Bank who are implementing it in close partnership with United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) in over 30 countries across SSA. This second CSO report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of Burkina Faso and other stakeholders during 2009-10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors: rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation and hygiene. The second CSO analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The second CSO's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874833 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17756 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730270 OCoLC 1255602665 WBOKR 17757 EBP 064559475 KEP 064559475 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17757 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Cameroon Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Cameroon s ABSORPTION s ABSORPTION CAPACITY s ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESS TO WATER s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING s BOREHOLES s COD s CONCESSION AREA s CONCESSION AREAS s CONNECTION s CONSTRUCTION s CONTRACT MANAGEMENT s COST RECOVERY s COST RECOVERY MECHANISMS s DRAINAGE s DRAINAGE CHANNELS s DRAINS s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SECTOR s DRINKING WATER SOURCE s GROUND WATER s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s INDIVIDUAL CONNECTIONS s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s LARGE CITIES s LATRINES s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL PRIVATE OPERATORS s LOCAL PRIVATE SECTOR s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY s NUMBER OF PEOPLE WITH ACCESS s NUMBER OF WATER s OPEN DEFECATION s OPERATIONAL FACILITIES s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PITS s PM s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE OPERATOR s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s PVC s RIVERS s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION ACTIVITIES s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION MONITORING s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PRACTICES s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SECTORAL POLICIES s SEPTIC TANK s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE DEVELOPMENT s SERVICE PROVISION s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s SLUDGE s STORMWATER s SUPPLY WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TOWN s TOWNS s TREATMENT PLANT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN FACILITIES s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s USERS s UTILITIES CORPORATION s WASTEWATER s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER FACILITIES s WATER LAW s WATER POINT s WATER POINTS s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SERVICE s WATER SOURCE s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY COMPANY s WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES s WATER TARIFF s WATER UTILITIES s WELLS English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of country status overviews (CSOs) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation (WSS) and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's Water and Sanitation Program and the African Development Bank who are implementing it in close partnership with United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) in over 30 countries across SSA. This second CSO report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of Cameroon and other stakeholders during 2009-10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors: rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation and hygiene. The second CSO analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The second CSO's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874841 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17757 Volltext, Open Access

1759730289

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730289 OCoLC 1255602835 WBOKR 17754 EBP 064559467 KEP 064559467 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17754 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Central African Republic Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Central African Republic s ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ANNUAL BUDGETS s BILLING s BOREHOLES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT s COMMUNITY OWNERSHIP s CONNECTION s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES s COST RECOVERY s DOMESTIC WASTEWATER s DRAINAGE s DRAINAGE FACILITIES s DRINKING WATER s EXPANSION OF WATER SUPPLY s FLOW PROBLEMS s HAND WASHING s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s HYGIENE EDUCATION s HYGIENE PROMOTION s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s LATRINES s LITERS PER CAPITA PER DAY s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MAINTENANCE OF WATER s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER COMPANY s NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY s NUMBER OF BENEFICIARIES s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s PUMPS s REGULATORY AGENCY s REHABILITATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION ACCESS s SANITATION ACTIVITIES s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION INTERVENTIONS s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION TECHNOLOGY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE STANDARDS s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SLUDGE s SLUDGE TREATMENT s SPARE PARTS s STABILIZATION s STANDPIPES s SUPPLY WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TOWN s TOWNS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s USERS s UTILITIES s VACUUM TRUCKS s WASTEWATER s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER LAW s WATER SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER TARIFF s WELLS English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of country status overviews (CSOs) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation (WSS) and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's Water and Sanitation Program and the African Development Bank who are implementing it in close partnership with United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) in over 30 countries across SSA. This second CSO report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of the Central African Republic and other stakeholders during 2009-10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors: rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation and hygiene. The second CSO analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The second CSO's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987485X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17754 Volltext, Open Access

1759730297

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730297 OCoLC 1255602749 WBOKR 17758 EBP 064559459 KEP 064559459 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17758 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Ghana Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Ghana s ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER s ALTERNATIVE WATER s ALTERNATIVE WATER SUPPLY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CERTIFICATION s CIVIL SOCIETY s COMMUNITY CONTRIBUTION s COMMUNITY OWNERSHIP s COMMUNITY WATER s COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLY s CONNECTION s CONSTRUCTION s COST RECOVERY s CUBIC METERS s DECISION MAKING s DELIVERY OF WATER s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DISTRICT ASSEMBLIES s DRAINAGE s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION s EXCRETA s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FLUSH LATRINE s GAS s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s HAND WASHING s HIGH LEVELS s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HYDRAULICS s HYGIENE s HYGIENE EDUCATION s HYGIENE PROMOTION s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s LARGE TOWNS s LATRINES s LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY s LITERS PER CAPITA PER DAY s LOCAL PRIVATE OPERATORS s LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s MUNICIPAL BONDS s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER POLICY s OPEN DEFECATION s OPERATIONAL EXPENDITURES s PAYMENT FOR WATER s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s PIT LATRINE s PRIVATE OPERATOR s PRIVATE PARTICIPATION s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FACILITIES s PUBLIC TOILETS s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY OF SERVICE s RAW WATER s REGULATORY BODIES s REGULATORY STRUCTURES s RESERVOIRS s RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE WATER s SANITATION ACTIVITIES s SANITATION BUDGET s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION DEVELOPMENT s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INTERVENTIONS s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION MONITORING s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION REQUIREMENTS s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION STRATEGY s SCHOOL SANITATION s SECTORAL POLICIES s SEPTIC TANK s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE DEVELOPMENT s SERVICE IMPROVEMENTS s SERVICE PROVIDER s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE CORPORATION s SLUDGE s SMALL TOWN s SMALL TOWN DWELLERS s SMALL TOWN WATER s SMALL TOWN WATER SUPPLY s SMALL TOWN WATER SYSTEMS s SMALL TOWNS s SOLID WASTE s STANDPIPES s SUPPLY WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TARIFF DECISIONS s TARIFF SETTING s TOILET s TOILET FACILITIES s TOILET FACILITY s TOWN WATER SUBSECTOR s TREATMENT FACILITIES s URBAN AREAS s URBAN COMMUNITIES s URBAN DWELLINGS s URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SECTOR s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s URBAN WATER UTILITY s USERS s WATER BOARDS s WATER COMPANY s WATER COVERAGE s WATER DEPARTMENT s WATER DEVELOPMENT s WATER DIRECTORATE s WATER FACILITIES s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER POINTS s WATER POLICIES s WATER POLICY s WATER PROJECTS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SCHEMES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE DELIVERY s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCES s WATER STORAGE s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY PROJECTS s WATER TARIFFS s WATER TREATMENT s WATER TREATMENT PLANT s WATER UTILITY English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of Country Status Overviews (CSOs) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation (WSS) and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's Water and Sanitation Program and the African Development Bank who are implementing it in close partnership with United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) in over 30 countries across SSA. This second CSO report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of Ghana and other stakeholders during 2009-10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors: rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation and hygiene. The second CSO analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The second CSO's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874868 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17758 Volltext, Open Access

1759730300

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730300 OCoLC 1255602685 WBOKR 17759 EBP 064559440 KEP 064559440 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17759 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Senegal Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Senegal s ABSORPTION s ABSORPTION CAPACITY s ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO WATER s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s BILLING s BOREHOLES s CASH FLOW s CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS s CIVIL SOCIETY s CONCESSION CONTRACT s CONNECTIONS POLICY s CONSTRUCTION s DECISION MAKING s DEMAND FOR SANITATION s DEMAND FOR WATER s DESALINATION s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION s DOMESTIC USERS s DOMESTIC WASTEWATER s DRAINAGE s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s EXCRETA s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FLUORIDE s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GREYWATER s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER TABLE s HIGH LEVELS s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTION s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s HYGIENE EDUCATION s HYGIENE PROMOTION s INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s IRON s LATRINE s LATRINES s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL WATER s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MONITORING PROGRAM s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER COMPANY s NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY s NUMBER OF PEOPLE WITH ACCESS s PAYMENT FOR WATER s PERFORMANCE CONTRACT s PIPELINE s PIPELINES s POLLUTION s PRIVATE OPERATOR s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PUBLIC COMPANY s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUBLIC WATER s PUMP MAINTENANCE s PUMPS s QUALITY OF WATER s RAINWATER s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RIVERS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SALE OF WATER s SANITATION ACCESS s SANITATION COMPONENT s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROMOTION s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION SOLUTIONS s SEAWATER s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s SEWERS s SLUDGE s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SUPPLY WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TARIFF SYSTEM s TOILET s TOILET BLOCKS s TOWNS s TREATMENT FACILITIES s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SECTOR s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s UTILITIES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WATER BILLS s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER FACILITIES s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY OPERATIONS s WATER SUPPLY PROJECTS s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER TARIFFS s WELLS English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of Country Status Overviews (CSOs) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation (WSS) and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's Water and Sanitation Program and the African Development Bank who are implementing it in close partnership with UNICEF and WHO in over 30 countries across SSA. This CSO2 report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of Senegal and other stakeholders during 2009-10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors: rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation and hygiene. The CSO2 analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The CSO2's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874876 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17759 Volltext, Open Access

1759730327

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:39.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730327 OCoLC 1255602837 WBOKR 17760 EBP 064559432 KEP 064559432 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17760 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Sierra Leone Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Sierra Leone s ABSORPTIVE CAPACITIES s ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SAFE WATER s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ADEQUATE SANITATION s ADEQUATE WATER s BOREHOLES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CATCHMENT s CATCHMENT AREAS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SOCIETY s COLLECTION EFFICIENCY s COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMMUNITY WATER s CONSTRUCTION s COST RECOVERY s DECISION MAKING s DRINKING WATER s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s FREE WATER s HAND WASHING s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN EXCRETA s HYGIENE s HYGIENE EDUCATION s HYGIENE PROMOTION s HYGIENE WATER s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s IRON s LATRINE s LOCAL CAPACITY s LOCAL COUNCILS s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s MINING s MINING OPERATIONS s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER POLICY s NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES s OPEN DEFECATION s PIPED WATER s POOR QUALITY OF WATER s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s PROVISION OF WATER s PUBLIC STANDPIPES s REGULATING WATER SUPPLY s REGULATORY AGENCIES s REHABILITATION OF WATER s RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SAFE WATER s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICE DELIVERY s SANITATION SERVICES s SCHOOL SANITATION s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE DEVELOPMENT s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE NETWORKS s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SEWERS s SMALL TOWN s SMALL TOWN SCHEMES s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL s SPARE PARTS s SUPPLY WATER s SUSTAINABLE SANITATION s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TARIFF DECISIONS s TARIFF REVENUE s TARIFF REVENUES s TOWNS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN COMMUNITIES s URBAN HOUSEHOLDS s URBAN POPULATIONS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SECTOR s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s URBAN WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s URBANIZATION s USERS s UTILITIES s VIP LATRINES s VOLUME OF WATER s WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES s WASTE WATER s WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER COMPANY s WATER COVERAGE s WATER FACILITIES s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER LAW s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER POLICY s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY MONITORING s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SECTOR s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES s WATER SUPPLY OPERATORS s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER USE s WELLS English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of Country Status Overviews (CSOs) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation (WSS) and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's Water and Sanitation Program and the African Development Bank who are implementing it in close partnership with UNICEF and WHO in over 30 countries across SSA. This CSO2 report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of Sierra Leone and other stakeholders during 2009-10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors: rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation and hygiene. The CSO2 analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The CSO2's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874884 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17760 Volltext, Open Access

1759730335

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:40.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730335 OCoLC 1255602679 WBOKR 17761 EBP 064559424 KEP 064559424 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17761 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Uganda Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Uganda s ACCESS TO SAFE WATER s ACCESS TO SAFE WATER SUPPLIES s ACCESS TO WATER s ALLOCATION OF WATER s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT s CONNECTION s CONNECTION COSTS s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION OF FACILITIES s COST RECOVERY s CROSS-SUBSIDIES s DECISION MAKING s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s EQUITABLE ALLOCATION s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s HYGIENE PROMOTION s INADEQUATE SANITATION s INVESTMENT COSTS s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s INVESTMENTS IN SANITATION s INVESTMENTS IN WATER SUPPLY s LARGE URBAN CENTERS s LATRINE s LATRINES s MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER POLICY s NATURAL RESOURCES s PERFORMANCE CONTRACTS s PIPED WATER s POLLUTION s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE OPERATOR s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PRIVATE WATER OPERATORS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PURIFICATION s REGULATING WATER RESOURCES s RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL SANITATION COVERAGE s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLIES s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s RURAL WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s RURAL WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES s SAFE WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION BOARD s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION DEVELOPMENT s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION INVESTMENTS s SANITATION PERFORMANCE s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROMOTION s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICE DELIVERY s SANITATION SERVICES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWAGE TREATMENT s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE CONNECTIONS s SEWERAGE CORPORATION s SEWERAGE INFRASTRUCTURE s SEWERAGE NETWORK s SEWERAGE NETWORKS s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SITE SANITATION s SMALL RURAL TOWNS s SMALL TOWN s SMALL TOWN SYSTEMS s SMALL TOWN WATER s SMALL TOWNS s SMALL TOWNS SANITATION s SMALLER TOWNS s SUPPLY WATER s SUSTAINABLE SANITATION s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TOILETS s TOWN WATER SUPPLIES s URBAN AREAS s URBAN COVERAGE s URBAN DWELLERS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN SEWERAGE s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLIES s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s URBAN WATER UTILITIES s WATER AUTHORITIES s WATER AUTHORITY s WATER COVERAGE s WATER DEVELOPMENT s WATER OPERATORS s WATER POINTS s WATER POLICY s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SCHEMES s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER USER s WATER USER COMMITTEES s WATER USERS English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of Country Status Overviews (CSOs) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation (WSS) and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's Water and Sanitation Program and the African Development Bank who are implementing it in close partnership with UNICEF and WHO in over 30 countries across SSA. This CSO2 report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of Uganda and other stakeholders during 2009-10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors: rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation and hygiene. The CSO2 analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The CSO2's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874892 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17761 Volltext, Open Access

1759730343

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:40.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730343 OCoLC 1255604073 WBOKR 17762 EBP 064559416 KEP 064559416 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17762 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Zimbabwe Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Zimbabwe s ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SAFE WATER s ALTERNATIVE APPROACH s BOREHOLES s BULK WATER s BULK WATER SUPPLY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CATCHMENT s CATCHMENT COUNCILS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMERCIAL FARMING s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s CONNECTION s CONNECTIONS s CONSTRUCTION s CONSULTATION WITH CONSUMERS s CONTRACT MANAGEMENT s COST RECOVERY s COVERING s DAMS s DEMAND FOR SANITATION s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS s DOMESTIC WATER s DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SOURCE s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s ENGINEERING s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FOOD PRODUCTION s HANDPUMPS s HIGH LEVELS s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s HYGIENE PROMOTION s INVESTMENT COSTS s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s IRRIGATION s IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT s LACK OF WATER s LARGE CITIES s LATRINE PITS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL CAPACITY s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES s MUNICIPAL DEPARTMENT s NATIONAL UTILITY s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER AUTHORITY s NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES s NATURAL RESOURCES s OPEN DEFECATION s OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY s PIPED WATER s PIPES s PIT LATRINE s PIT LATRINES s POLLUTION s POLLUTION CONTROL s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUMPS s RAW SEWAGE s REGULATORY MECHANISMS s RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER s REVENUE GENERATION s RIVERS s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION ACCESS s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION OPTIONS s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE DEVELOPMENT s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SERVICE STANDARDS s SEWAGE TREATMENT s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SPARE PARTS s SUPPLY WATER s SUSTAINABLE SANITATION s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TOILET s TOWN s TOWNS s TREATMENT PLANTS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN SERVICES s URBAN SETTLEMENTS s URBAN SEWERAGE s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SERVICES s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s USERS s UTILITIES s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES s WATER AUTHORITY s WATER BILLS s WATER BUDGETS s WATER COVERAGE s WATER DEMAND s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER POINTS s WATER POLLUTION s WATER PRODUCTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WELLS English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of Country Status Overviews (CSOs) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation (WSS) and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's Water and Sanitation Program and the African Development Bank who are implementing it in close partnership with United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) in over 30 countries across SSA. This second CSO report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of Zimbabwe and other stakeholders during 2009-10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors: rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation and hygiene. The second CSO analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The second CSO's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice, and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874906 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17762 Volltext, Open Access

1759730351

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:40.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730351 OCoLC 1255602839 WBOKR 17763 EBP 064559408 KEP 064559408 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17763 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Benin Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Benin s ABSORPTION s ABSORPTION CAPACITY s ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACCESS TO SANITATION FACILITIES s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESS TO WATER s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s BASIC SANITATION s BILATERAL AID s CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS s CIVIL SOCIETY s CONNECTION FEE s DEVELOPMENT OF WATER SUPPLY s DRINKING WATER s ELECTRICITY s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s EXCRETA s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FLUSH LATRINES s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER TABLE s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTION s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s HYGIENE EDUCATION s INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s LARGE TOWNS s LARGE URBAN CENTERS s LATRINE s LATRINE CONSTRUCTION s LATRINES s MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS s MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s MANAGEMENT OF WATER SUPPLY s MANAGING WATER SUPPLY s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER COMPANY s NATIONAL WATER POLICY s NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY s NUMBER OF CONNECTIONS s NUMBER OF WATER s OPEN DEFECATION s POPULATION DENSITY s PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PUBLIC LATRINES s PUMPING s PUMPING STATIONS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER s RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER SUPPLY s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION ACCESS s SANITATION ACTIVITIES s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION MASTER PLANS s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROGRAMS s SANITATION PROMOTION s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION STRATEGY s SEPTIC TANK s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE DEVELOPMENT s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SEWER SYSTEM s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE SERVICE s SLUDGE s SLUDGE DISPOSAL s SMALL TOWNS s SPARE PARTS s STORMWATER s SUPPLY WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TOWN s TOWN CENTER s TREATMENT PLANT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s USERS s UTILITIES s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT STRATEGY s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS s WATER POINT s WATER POINTS s WATER POLICY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TARIFF English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of Country Status Overviews (CSOs2) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's water and sanitation program and the African Development Bank who are implementing it in close partnership with United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) in over 30 countries across SSA. This CSO2 report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of Benin and other stakeholders during 2009-10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors: rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation, and hygiene. The CSO2 analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The CSO2's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874914 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17763 Volltext, Open Access

175973036X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:40.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973036X OCoLC 1255601447 WBOKR 17764 EBP 064559394 KEP 064559394 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17764 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in The Gambia Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Gambia, The s ACCESS TO WATER s ADEQUATE WATER s ADEQUATE WATER SUPPLY s ALLOCATION SYSTEM s CIVIL SOCIETY s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES s COST RECOVERY s COST SHARING s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS s DRAIN s DROUGHT s ELECTRICITY s ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION s EQUITABLE ALLOCATION s EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION s GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES s GROUNDWATER s HOURS OF SERVICE s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN WASTE s HYGIENE s HYGIENE EDUCATION s HYGIENE PROMOTION s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITY s LOCAL ENTREPRENEURS s MAINTENANCE OF WATER s MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES s NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY s PERFORMANCE CONTRACTS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROVISION OF WATER s PROVISION OF WATER SUPPLY s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC STANDPIPES s PUBLIC UTILITIES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE SANITATION s SANITARY CONDITIONS s SANITARY DISPOSAL s SANITARY FACILITIES s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROMOTION s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION WATER s SCHOOL SANITATION s SEPTIC TANK s SEPTIC TANK EMPTYING s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE DEVELOPMENT s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SMALL TOWN s SMALL TOWN SCHEMES s SMALL TOWNS s SPARE PARTS s SUPPLY WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TARIFF REGULATION s URBAN AREAS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN SEWERAGE s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s URBAN WATER SUPPLY SERVICE DELIVERY s USERS s UTILITIES s UTILITIES CORPORATION s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WATER COVERAGE s WATER FACILITIES s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SECTOR s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of Country Status Overviews (CSOs2) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's water and sanitation program and the African Development Bank who are implementing it in close partnership with United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) in over 30 countries across SSA. This CSO2 report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of the Gambia and other stakeholders during 2009-10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors: rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation, and hygiene. The CSO2 analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The CSO2's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874922 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17764 Volltext, Open Access

1759730378

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:40.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730378 OCoLC 1255604297 WBOKR 17765 EBP 064559386 KEP 064559386 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17765 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Liberia Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Liberia s ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SAFE WATER s ACCESS TO SAFE WATER SUPPLY s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ADEQUATE SANITATION s BASIC WATER SUPPLY s BEHAVIOR CHANGE s BOREHOLES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CITY COUNCIL s CIVIL SOCIETY s COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT s COMMUNITY NEEDS s COMMUNITY WATER s CONNECTION s CONNECTIONS s CONSTRUCTION s COST RECOVERY s DECISION MAKING s DELIVERY OF WATER s DEMAND FOR SANITATION s DEMOCRATIC PROCESS s DISINFECTION s DRINKING WATER COVERAGE s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s EFFICIENCY OF SERVICE s ENFORCEMENT OF STANDARDS s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s FLUSH TOILETS s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s GROUND WATER s HAND WASHING s HEALTH AND HYGIENE s HEALTH PROMOTION s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s HYGIENE EDUCATION s HYGIENE PRACTICES s HYGIENE PROMOTION s HYGIENE WATER s INDUSTRIAL WASTE s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s LATRINES s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES s NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY s NATURAL RESOURCES s OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH s OPEN DEFECATION s OPERATIONAL CAPACITY s PIPED WATER s PROVISION OF WATER s PUBLIC FACILITIES s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SANITATION s PUBLIC SANITATION FACILITIES s PUBLIC SECTOR FUNDING REQUIREMENTS s PUBLIC TOILETS s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES s PUBLIC WORKS s PUMPS s QUALITY STANDARDS s REGULATORY FUNCTION s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SAFE WATER SUPPLY s SANITARY ENGINEER s SANITATION ACCESS s SANITATION ACTIVITIES s SANITATION APPROACHES s SANITATION BOARD s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROMOTION s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION SOLUTIONS s SANITATION STRATEGY s SANITATION WATER s SANITATION WATER SUPPLY s SCHOOL SANITATION s SEPTIC TANKS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE DEVELOPMENT s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE STANDARDS s SEWAGE TREATMENT s SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT s SEWERAGE CORPORATION s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SMALL TOWN s SMALL TOWN SCHEMES s SMALL-BORE SEWERAGE s SOAP s SOLID WASTE s SUPPLY WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTER s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN COMMUNITIES s URBAN HOUSEHOLDS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN SLUMS s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SECTOR s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s USE OF WATER s USERS s UTILITIES s VALUE OF WATER s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WASTE STABILIZATION PONDS s WATER COVERAGE s WATER GOVERNANCE s WATER LAW s WATER POINT s WATER POINTS s WATER PRODUCTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY CONTROL s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SANITATION s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICES s WATER STORAGE s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY DATA s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WATER TABLE s WELLS English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of Country Status Overviews (CSOs2) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's water and sanitation program and the African Development Bank who are implementing it in close partnership with United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) in over 30 countries across SSA. This CSO2 report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of Liberia and other stakeholders during 2009-10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors: rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation, and hygiene. The CSO2 analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The CSO2's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874930 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17765 Volltext, Open Access

1759730386

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:40.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730386 OCoLC 1255602784 WBOKR 17766 EBP 064559378 KEP 064559378 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17766 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Mauritania Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Mauritania s ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESS TO WATER s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s BASINS s BOREHOLES s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION OF INFRASTRUCTURE s CUBIC METER s CUBIC METER OF WATER s DISPOSAL SITE s DISTRIBUTION CHAIN s DRINKING WATER s DROUGHT s ELECTRICITY s EQUITABLE ALLOCATION s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s GROUNDWATER TABLE s HIGH LEVELS s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTION s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s HYGIENE EDUCATION s INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER s INFILTRATION s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s LAND USE s LARGE TOWNS s LATRINES s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOW-INCOME POPULATION s MAINTENANCE OF WATER s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s MANAGEMENT OF WATER SUPPLY s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER COMPANY s NATURAL WATER s NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES s OPERATIONAL FUNCTIONS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s PITS s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION GROWTH RATE s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PUBLIC COMPANY s PUBLIC WATER s PUMPS s QUANTITIES OF WATER s REGULATORY AGENCY s REGULATORY TASKS s RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION COMPONENT s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROMOTION s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION STANDARDS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE OPERATOR s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWER SYSTEM s SEWER SYSTEMS s SEWERAGE s SLUDGE s SLUDGE TREATMENT s SPARE PARTS s STANDPIPES s STORMWATER s SUPPLY WATER s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TOILET s TOILET BLOCKS s TOWN s TOWN CENTER s TOWNS s TREATMENT PLANT s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s USERS s UTILITIES s VACUUM TRUCKS s VOLUME OF WATER s VOLUMES OF WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER LAW s WATER LOSSES s WATER POINT s WATER POINTS s WATER PRODUCTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICES s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SOURCE s WATER STORAGE s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES s WATER SUPPLY OPERATOR s WATER SUPPLY PROJECTS s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER TANKERS s WATER TARIFF s WATER VENDORS s WELLS English en_US The situation within the water supply and sanitation (WSS) sector in Mauritania is somewhat contradictory: in spite of the weakness of the institutions in charge of the sector and the lack of financing for sanitation and, more recently, for the rural water supply (RWS) subsector, significant improvements have been made in the access rates since 1990. The institutional reform of the RWS subsector, notably marked by the implementation of a delegated management system for water supply networks, has led to improvements in both service quality and access, at a pace which remains only slightly below that required to meet the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets. In rural areas, the institutional framework remains poor and unstable. The management of water supply networks still needs to be improved; the sanitation subsector lacks both a clear intervention strategy and resources. These are the priority areas that need to be worked on to stimulate the capacity to mobilize and absorb financing, both domestic and donor. This second AMCOW Country Status Overview (CSO2) has been produced in collaboration with the Government of Mauritania and other stakeholders 40 17-11-21 00:19:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874949 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17766 Volltext, Open Access

1759730394

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:40.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730394 OCoLC 1255604081 WBOKR 17767 EBP 06455936X KEP 06455936X 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17767 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Niger Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Niger s ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACCESS TO SERVICES s BASIC SANITATION s BOREHOLES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS s CESSPOOLS s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONSTRUCTION OF INFRASTRUCTURE s DISPOSAL SITE s DRINKING WATER s EFFECTIVE DEMAND s EXCRETA s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTION s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s HYGIENE EDUCATION s INVESTMENT COSTS s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s LARGE TOWNS s LATRINE s LATRINE CONSTRUCTION s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL PRIVATE SECTOR s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANAGING WATER RESOURCES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUMBER OF PEOPLE WITH ACCESS s OPEN DEFECATION s PERFORMANCE CONTRACT s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED SEWER SYSTEMS s PIT LATRINES s PITS s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE OPERATOR s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC UTILITY s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s PUMPING s PUMPING SYSTEMS s QUALITY STANDARDS s REGULATORY AGENCY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION FACILITY s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROGRAMS s SANITATION PROMOTION s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICES s SERVICE CONTINUITY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SEWER SYSTEM s SEWERAGE s SLUDGE s SLUDGE DISPOSAL s SMALL TOWNS s SOLID WASTE s STANDPIPES s STORMWATER s SUPPLY WATER s SURFACE RUNOFF s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TOILET s TOILET BLOCKS s TOWNS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN COMMUNITY s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s VACUUM TRUCKS s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM s WATER ASSOCIATION s WATER POINT s WATER POINTS s WATER PRODUCTION s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE OPERATORS s WATER SOURCE s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES s WATER SUPPLY OPERATOR s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER USERS s WATER UTILITIES s WELLS English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of Country Status Overviews (CSOs) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's Water and Sanitation Program and the African Development Bank who are implementing it in close partnership with UNICEF and WHO in over 30 countries across SSA. This CSO2 report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of Niger and other stakeholders during 2009-10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors: rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation and hygiene. The CSO2 analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The CSO2's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:16.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874957 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17767 Volltext, Open Access

1759730408

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:41.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730408 OCoLC 1255604306 WBOKR 17768 EBP 064559351 KEP 064559351 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17768 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Ethiopia Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Ethiopia s ACCESS TO WATER s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s BEHAVIOR CHANGE s BEHAVIORAL CHANGE s BILATERAL DONORS s BLOCK GRANT s CAPACITY BUILDING s CONNECTIONS s CONSTRUCTION s COST RECOVERY s COST RECOVERY MECHANISMS s DRAIN s FOOD SECURITY s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s HANDWASHING s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s HYGIENE PRACTICES s HYGIENE PROMOTION s HYGIENE PROMOTION ACTIVITIES s INADEQUATE WATER s INVESTMENT COSTS s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s LAND TENURE s MONITORING PROGRAM s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER POLICY s NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES s NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY s OPERATIONAL COSTS s PIT LATRINES s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROMOTION OF HYGIENE s REGIONAL GOVERNMENT s REVENUE GENERATION s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION DEVELOPMENT s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION INVESTMENTS s SANITATION MARKET s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION SOLUTIONS s SANITATION STRATEGY s SANITATION TECHNOLOGY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVISION s SEWERAGE INFRASTRUCTURE s SEWERAGE NETWORK s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SUPPLY WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TRADITIONAL PIT LATRINES s URBAN AREAS s URBAN DWELLERS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN SEWERAGE s URBAN UTILITIES s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s URBAN WATER UTILITIES s USERS s UTILITIES s WATER COVERAGE s WATER POLICY s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY MONITORING s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SECTOR s WATER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of Country Status Overviews (CSOs2) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's Water and Sanitation Program and the African Development Bank (AfDB), which are implementing it in close partnership with United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) in over 30 countries across SSA. This CSO2 report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of Ethiopia and other stakeholders during 2009-10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors: rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation, and hygiene. The CSO2 analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The CSO2's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874965 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17768 Volltext, Open Access

1759730416

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:41.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730416 OCoLC 1255602733 WBOKR 17752 EBP 064559343 KEP 064559343 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17752 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in South Africa Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa South Africa s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESS TO WATER s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s ADEQUATE SANITATION s AREAS OF SERVICE s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AUGMENTATION s BASIC SANITATION s BASIC WATER SUPPLY s BULK WATER s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CHANNEL s CIVIL SOCIETY s COMMUNITY WATER s COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLY s CONNECTION s CONNECTIONS s CONSTRUCTION s COST OF WATER s DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FLUSH TOILETS s FORESTRY s FREE WATER s GOVERNMENT GRANT FUNDING s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s HYGIENE EDUCATION s HYGIENE PROMOTION s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s KILO LITER s LARGE CITIES s LARGE TOWNS s LITERS PER CAPITA PER DAY s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL GOVERNMENT FRAMEWORK s LOCAL SERVICE DELIVERY s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s METROPOLITAN AREAS s MUNICIPAL COUNCILS s MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPAL WATER SYSTEMS s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL WATER s PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES s PIPED WATER s PIT LATRINE s PIT LATRINES s PROGRAMS s PROVIDING WATER SUPPLY s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PROVISION OF SERVICES s PUBLIC MANAGEMENT s REHABILITATION OF WATER s RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER s RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER SUPPLY s RIPARIAN s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SCHEMES s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION BUDGET s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION FACILITY s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION INVESTMENTS s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION SOLUTIONS s SENIOR MANAGEMENT s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWERAGE s SMALL TOWNS s SUPPLY OF WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TOILET s TOILET FACILITIES s TOILETS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s USERS s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER DISCHARGE s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WATER AFFAIRS s WATER BOARDS s WATER BUDGETS s WATER COVERAGE s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER LOSSES s WATER MANAGERS s WATER POLICY s WATER PROJECTS s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RIGHTS s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SCHEMES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY ASSETS s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TARIFF s WATER UTILITIES English en_US The African Ministers' Council on Water (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second round of Country Status Overviews (CSOs) to better understands what underpins progress in water supply and sanitation and what its member governments can do to accelerate that progress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOW delegated this task to the World Bank's Water and Sanitation Program and the African Development Bank which are implementing it in close partnership with UNICEF and World Health Organization (WHO) in over 30 countries across SSA. This CSO2 report has been produced in collaboration with the Government of South Africa and other stakeholders during 2009/10. The analysis aims to help countries assess their own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitation and hygiene. The CSO2 analysis has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. The CSO2's contribution is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation. A synthesis report, available separately, presents best practice and shared learning to help realize these priority actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874973 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17752 Volltext, Open Access

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11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:41.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730424 OCoLC 1255602735 WBOKR 17753 EBP 064559335 KEP 064559335 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17753 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Supply and Sanitation in Nigeria Turning Finance into Services for 2015 and Beyond World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource An AMCOW country status overview Africa Nigeria s ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACCESS TO WATER s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s ALLOCATION OF WATER s ALLOCATION SYSTEM s BASIC SANITATION s BASIN DEVELOPMENT s BOREHOLES s BULK WATER s BULK WATER SUPPLY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CATCHMENT s CATCHMENT AREA s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COMMUNITY SANITATION s CONNECTION RATE s COST RECOVERY s COST SHARING s COSTS OF WATER SUPPLY s COVERING s CUBIC METERS s DAMS s DECISION MAKING s DELIVERY OF WATER s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s HIGH LEVELS s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTION s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s HYGIENE EDUCATION s HYGIENE PROMOTION s INADEQUATE WATER s INVESTMENT COST s INVESTMENT COSTS s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT IN WATER SUPPLY s INVESTMENT PLANNING s INVESTMENT PROGRAM s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s INVESTMENTS IN SANITATION s IRRIGATION s LATRINE s LATRINE CONSTRUCTION s LATRINES s LOCAL COUNCILS s MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER POLICY s NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES s NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s NONREVENUE WATER s NUMBER OF PEOPLE WITH ACCESS s OPEN DEFECATION s OPERATIONAL COSTS s OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT s OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE s OPERATORS s OVERSIGHT ROLE s PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENTS s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PERFORMANCE OF SERVICE PROVIDERS s POLLUTION s POLLUTION CONTROL s POTABLE WATER s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s QUALITY STANDARDS s RAPID URBANIZATION s REGULATORY AGENCIES s RESERVOIRS s RIVER BASIN s RIVER WATER s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION ACCESS s SANITATION ACTIVITIES s SANITATION AGENCIES s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION POLICIES s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROMOTION s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICE DELIVERY s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION SYSTEMS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE DEVELOPMENT s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE NETWORKS s SMALL SCALE PROVIDERS s SMALL TOWN s SMALL TOWN SCHEMES s SMALL TOWNS s SMALL TOWNS WATER SUPPLY s SPARE PARTS s STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION s SUPPLY INTERRUPTIONS s SUPPLY WATER s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s SUSTAINABLE USE s TOWNS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN UTILITIES s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SERVICES s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE s USERS s UTILITIES s UTILITY STAFF s WATER BOARD s WATER BOARDS s WATER DELIVERY SYSTEM s WATER INVESTMENTS s WATER PIPELINES s WATER POLICIES s WATER POLICY s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY MONITORING s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SALES s WATER SANITATION s WATER SCHEMES s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICE PROVISION s WATER SERVICES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY AGENCIES s WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER TREATMENT s WATER UTILITIES English en_US This analysis aims to help Nigeria assess its own service delivery pathways for turning finance into water supply and sanitation services, in the subsectors of rural and urban water supply, rural and urban sanitation, and hygiene. This second Country Status Overview (CSO2) compares Nigeria's own estimates of coverage with data from the UNICEF/WHO Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP). The impact of these different coverage estimates on investment requirements is also assessed. The analysis, commissioned by the African Ministers Council on Water (AMCOW), has three main components: a review of past coverage; a costing model to assess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecard which allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along the service delivery pathway. This Country Status Overview's (CSO2) contribution, is to answer not only whether past trends and future finance are sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specific issues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectively turned into accelerated coverage in water supply and sanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions have been identified through consultation 40 17-11-21 00:19:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939874981 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17753 Volltext, Open Access

1759730432

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:41.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730432 OCoLC 1255604318 WBOKR 17546 EBP 064559327 KEP 064559327 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17546 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Where Have All the Poor Gone? Cambodia Poverty Assessment 2013 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Cambodia East Asia and Pacific s ABSOLUTE TERMS s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACCESS TO SCHOOLS s ACCESS TO SERVICES s AGGRESSIVE s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s ANTENATAL CARE s AVERAGE GROWTH s BASIC FOOD BASKET s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s BETTER ACCESS TO MARKETS s BIRTH ATTENDANTS s CALORIC REQUIREMENTS s CASH TRANSFERS s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD NUTRITION s CLEAN WATER s CLEANER WATER s CONCENTRATION OF PEOPLE s CONFLICT s CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY s CONSUMER GOODS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA s CORRELATES OF POVERTY s CRIME s CROP DIVERSIFICATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS s DRIVERS OF POVERTY REDUCTION s DRY SEASON s ECOLOGICAL ZONES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIC SURVEYS s EDUCATION LEVEL s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FAMILIES s FAMILY MEMBERS s FAMILY PLANNING s FAMINE s FARM SELF-EMPLOYMENT s FARMER s FARMERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FIREWOOD s FOOD BASKET s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD GOODS s FOOD INTAKE s FOOD ITEMS s FOOD POVERTY s FOOD POVERTY LINE s GINI COEFFICIENT s GINI INDEX s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH INDICATORS s HEALTH OUTCOMES s HEALTH PROGRAMS s HEALTH SERVICES s HIGH CONCENTRATION s HIGH INFLATION s HOUSEHOLD CHORES s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD HEAD s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HOUSING s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HYGIENE s ILLITERACY s IMMUNIZATION s IMPACT ON POVERTY s IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY s INCOME GENERATION s INCOME INCREASE s INDUSTRIAL POLICY s INDUSTRIAL SECTOR s INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES s INEQUALITY s INEQUALITY CHANGES s INEQUALITY MEASURES s INFLATION LEVELS s INTERVENTION s IRRIGATION s LABOR MARKET s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND TENURE s LAWS s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LIVING CONDITIONS s LIVING STANDARDS s LONG RUN s LOW POVERTY RATE s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MALNUTRITION s MARKETING s MATERNAL MORTALITY s MEASURING POVERTY s MEDICINES s MIGRATION s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY RATE s NATURAL DISASTERS s NEEDS ASSESSMENT s NEGATIVE IMPACT s NON-POOR HOUSEHOLDS s NURSING s OLDER PEOPLE s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PER CAPITA GROWTH s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POLLUTION s POOR s POOR COUNTRIES s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POOR PEOPLE s POOR PERSONS s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY CHANGES s POVERTY COMPARISONS s POVERTY ESTIMATES s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY GAP INDEX s POVERTY IMPACT s POVERTY IMPACT OF GROWTH s POVERTY INCIDENCE s POVERTY INCREASE s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY LINES s POVERTY POVERTY s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAM s POVERTY TARGET s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRO-POOR s PRO-POOR GROWTH s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC POLICIES s PUBLIC SECTOR s RAPID GROWTH s REDUCED POVERTY s REDUCING INEQUALITY s REDUCING POVERTY s REDUCTION IN POVERTY s REGIONAL ENVIRONMENT s REGIONAL VICE PRESIDENT s RELATIVE INEQUALITY s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL EXTENSION s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INCOME s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL POOR s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL ROADS s RURAL SECTOR s RURAL WAGES s RURAL WORKERS s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SCHOOL FEEDING s SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMS s SECONDARY ENROLLMENT s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SQUARED POVERTY GAP s SQUARED POVERTY GAP INDEX s SUBSISTENCE s TARGETING s TOTAL POVERTY s TOTAL POVERTY LINE s URBAN AREAS s URBAN POOR s URBAN POVERTY s URBAN WORKERS s VICTIMS s VULNERABLE PEOPLE s WAGE RATES s WAR s WATER SOURCES s WORKER PRODUCTIVITY s YOUNG ADULTS English en_US Over the seven years from 2004 through 2011, Cambodian economic growth was tremendous, ranking amid the best in the world. Moreover, household consumption increased by nearly 40 percent. And this growth was pro-poor, not only reducing inequality, but also proportionally boosting poor people's consumption further and faster than that of the non-poor. As a result, the poverty rate dropped from 52.2 to 20.5 percent, surpassing all expectations. However, the majority of these people escaped poverty only slightly: they remain highly vulnerable, even to small shocks, which could quickly bring them back into poverty. The main drivers of poverty reduction were better prices of rice for farmers, better wages for agricultural workers, increases in salary jobs for the urban labor force, and better income for non-agricultural businesses for rural households. Improvements in health and education, as well as government investment in infrastructure, provided a favorable environment for the poor, allowing many of them to pull themselves out of poverty. Looking forward, some of these drivers of poverty reduction are likely to stall. Coupled with increased vulnerability, the present conditions create new challenges for the Royal Government of Cambodia. Furthermore, most of the improvements in Cambodia originated at very low values, thus leaving much work to better the well-being of many Cambodian households. Outstanding gains have been achieved, but it will take focus and further actions to maintain Cambodia's future growth. Most poverty in Cambodia is found in the countryside: about 90 percent of Cambodia's poor live in rural areas. To generate the maximum impact, government policies should concentrate on the productivity of the rural poor's major assets: their labor and their land 40 17-11-21 00:19:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987499X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17546 Volltext, Open Access

1759730440

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:41.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730440 OCoLC 1255602669 WBOKR 17548 EBP 064559319 KEP 064559319 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17548 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic Overview of Climate Change Activities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s ALLOCATION s ALTITUDE s ANNUAL PRECIPITATION s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AVERAGE ANNUAL PRECIPITATION s CAPACITY BUILDING s CLIMATE s CLIMATE ACTION s CLIMATE ADAPTATION s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE ACTIVITIES s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION s CLIMATE CHANGE CONDITIONS s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS s CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES s CLIMATE CHANGE PROJECTIONS s CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY s CLIMATE CONDITIONS s CLIMATE PROJECTIONS s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s CLIMATE RISK s CLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENTS s CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT s CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT PROJECT s CLIMATE SCENARIOS s CLIMATE-RELATED DISASTERS s CLIMATE-RELATED RISKS s CLIMATE-SENSITIVE SECTORS s CLIMATIC CHANGE s CLIMATIC ZONES s CO s CONSERVATION OF FORESTS s DAMAGE FROM CLIMATE-RELATED DISASTERS s DECISION MAKING s DESERTIFICATION s DUMPS s ECOLOGICAL ZONES s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC BENEFITS s ECONOMIC COSTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECOSYSTEM s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s EMISSIONS s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE s ENERGY SECURITY s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXTREME WEATHER s EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FLOODS s FOREST s FOREST CARBON s FOREST CARBON STOCKS s FOREST ECOSYSTEMS s FOREST MANAGEMENT s FOREST PRODUCTS s FOREST RESOURCES s FORESTRY s FORESTRY SECTOR s FORESTS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s GAS s GHG s GLACIER MELTING s GLACIERS s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s HEAVY RAINS s HYDROLOGICAL POTENTIAL s HYDROLOGICAL SERVICES s HYDROMETEOROLOGY s ICE s IMPACT OF CLIMATE s IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPORTS s INCOME s INDICATORS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s INSPECTION s INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE s JOBS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LAKES s LAND MANAGEMENT s LIQUID WASTE s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOSS OF FOREST s LOW-CARBON s MEAN TEMPERATURE s METEOROLOGICAL DATA s NATIONAL CLIMATE s NEGATIVE IMPACTS s PESTICIDES s POLLUTION s POPULATION GROWTH s PORTFOLIO s POWER SECTOR s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC UTILITIES s RADIONUCLIDES s RAILROAD s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES s RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE s RIVERS s ROAD s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD SAFETY s ROAD TRANSPORT s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION s SANITATION SECTOR s SEASON s SERVICE DELIVERY s STORMS s SURFACE TEMPERATURE s SURFACE TEMPERATURES s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE FOREST s TEMPERATURE INCREASE s TEMPERATURE INCREASES s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS s TRAVEL TIME s UNDERGROUND s URANIUM s VEHICLE s VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE s WATER ALLOCATION s WATER COMPANIES s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SECTOR s WATER SUPPLY s WATER UTILITIES s WIND s WIND SPEED s WINTER TEMPERATURES English en_US This overview of climate change activities in the Kyrgyz Republic is part of a series of country notes for five Central Asian countries that summarize climate portfolio in a number of sectors, namely agriculture, forestry, water, health, energy, and transport. Recognizing the nature and significance of climate change contribution to an increase in disaster risk, the note also looks into the development partners' approaches and measures in this area. This note further provides a brief overview of the Kyrgyz Republic climate context in terms of observed impacts and historical trends as well as climate projections specific to sectors that are considered to be essential to the country's economic development. Finally, the note assesses national policy and institutional context related to climate change as well as suggests potential ways forward that can help the Kyrgyz Republic mainstream climate considerations into development activities and planning and create public demand for climate actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875007 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17548 Volltext, Open Access

1759730459

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:41.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730459 OCoLC 1255603985 WBOKR 17549 EBP 064559300 KEP 064559300 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17549 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kazakhstan Overview of Climate Change Activities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIR TEMPERATURE s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY s ARABLE LAND s ARCTIC OCEAN s ARID CLIMATE s BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY s BRIDGE s CARBON s CARBON ECONOMY s CARRIERS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE ACTION s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE ACTIVITIES s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS s CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES s CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS s CLIMATE CONDITIONS s CLIMATE MODELS s CLIMATE PROJECTIONS s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s CLIMATE RISK s CLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENTS s CLIMATE TRENDS s CLIMATE VARIABILITY s CLIMATE VULNERABILITY s CLIMATE WARMING s CLIMATE-SENSITIVE SECTORS s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s CO s COAL s COLD WINTERS s CONTINENTAL CLIMATE s DAILY TEMPERATURE s DESERTIFICATION s DESERTS s DISTRICT HEATING s DRAINAGE s DRINKING WATER s DROUGHT s DRYLANDS s ECOLOGY s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC COSTS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC MECHANISMS s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECOSYSTEM s ELECTRIC CARS s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s EMISSION s EMISSION TRADING s EMISSIONS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SOURCES s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES s ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXTREME EVENTS s EXTREME TEMPERATURES s EXTREME WEATHER s FARMS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FISHERIES s FLOODS s FOREST s FOREST FIRE s FOREST FIRES s FOREST PROTECTION s FORESTRY s FORESTRY ACTIVITIES s FORESTS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FROST s FUEL s FUEL EFFICIENCY s GAS FLARING s GHG s GLACIER MELT s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GLOBAL WARMING s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GROUNDWATER POLLUTION s HIGH TEMPERATURES s HIGHWAY s INCOME s INDICATORS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL TRANSIT s INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT s LACK OF RAINFALL s LAKES s LAND USE s LOGGING s LOW-CARBON s MERCURY s MOUNTAIN GLACIERS s NATIONAL CLIMATE s NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE s NATURAL RESOURCES s OFFSET PROGRAM s OIL s OIL PRODUCTION s OIL RESERVES s PASSENGERS s PASTURES s POPULATION DENSITY s PORTFOLIO s POWER SUPPLY s PRECIPITATION s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s RAILWAYS s RAIN s RAINFALL s RANGELANDS s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s ROAD s ROAD DEVELOPMENT s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD MANAGEMENT s ROADS s SAFETY s SCENARIOS s SEASONAL PRECIPITATION s SMOKE s SPOT MARKET s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE USE s TEMPERATURE s TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE s TEMPERATURE INCREASE s TEMPERATURE RISE s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC SAFETY s TRANSIT CORRIDOR s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT EFFICIENCY s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT SECTOR s UNCERTAINTY IN CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS s UNEP s URBAN MOBILITY s VEHICLE s VEHICLES s WALKING s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WEATHER CONDITIONS s WIND s WIND POWER English en_US This overview of climate change activities in Kazakhstan is part of a series of country notes for five Central Asian countries that summarize climate portfolio of the major development partners in a number of climate-sensitive sectors, namely energy, agriculture, forestry, and natural resources, water, health, and transport. Recognizing the nature and significance of climate change contribution to an increase in disaster risk, the note also looks into the development partners' approaches and measures in this area. The note further provides a brief overview of Kazakhstan's climate context in terms of observed impacts and historical trends as well as climate projections specific to sectors that are considered to be essential to the country's economic development. Finally, the note assesses national policy and institutional context related to climate change and suggests potential ways forward that can help Kazakhstan mainstream low-carbon, climate-resilient development 40 17-11-21 00:19:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875015 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17549 Volltext, Open Access

1759730467

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730467 OCoLC 1255604319 WBOKR 17550 EBP 064559297 KEP 064559297 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17550 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Uzbekistan Overview of Climate Change Activities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Uzbekistan s ABSORPTION s ADEQUATE WATER s AGING s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AIR s AIR CONDITIONING s AIR QUALITY s AIR TEMPERATURES s ALLOCATION s ARID CLIMATE s ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE s ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS s CARBON DIOXIDE s CHILD HEALTH SERVICES s CHLORINE s CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES s CLIMATE s CLIMATE ACTION s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE ACTIVITIES s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION s CLIMATE CHANGE FUND s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES s CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY s CLIMATE CHANGE RISK s CLIMATE HAZARDS s CLIMATE PROJECTIONS s CLIMATE RESEARCH s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s CLIMATE RISK s CLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENTS s CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT s CLIMATE SENSITIVE s CLIMATE TRENDS s CLIMATE-SENSITIVE DISEASES s CLIMATE-SENSITIVE SECTORS s CO s CO2 s COAL s COMMUNICABLE DISEASES s COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPS s COMPETITION OVER WATER s CONTINENTAL CLIMATE s DESERTIFICATION s DESERTS s DISASTERS s DROUGHT s DUST s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC COSTS s ECONOMIC IMPACTS s ECOSYSTEM s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s EMISSION s EMISSION FACTOR s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS FROM FUEL s EMISSIONS FROM FUEL COMBUSTION s EMISSIONS REDUCTION s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES s ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE s ENERGY SECURITY s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EVAPORATION s EXTREME EVENTS s EXTREME WEATHER s EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS s FLOODS s FOREST s FOREST PRODUCTIVITY s FOREST PRODUCTS s FOREST RESEARCH s FOREST STANDS s FORESTRY s FORESTRY SECTOR s FORESTS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FUEL OIL s GAS PRODUCTION s GENERAL PRACTICE s GHG s GLACIER MELTING s GLACIERS s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GLOBAL WARMING s HEALTH CARE s HEALTH SERVICES s HEAT PRODUCTION s HIGH TEMPERATURES s HOSPITALS s HYDROMETEOROLOGY s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTION PLANS s INDICATORS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s INFECTIOUS DISEASES s INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS s IRRIGATION SYSTEMS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LAWS s LIVING CONDITIONS s LOW-CARBON s MEDICINES s NATIONAL CLIMATE s NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE s NATIONAL EMISSION s NATURAL GAS s NEGATIVE IMPACT s NEGATIVE IMPACTS s NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s POLICY DOCUMENT s POLLUTION s PORTFOLIO s POWER GENERATION s POWER SECTOR s PRECIPITATION s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PUBLIC HEALTH s QUALITY OF LIFE s RAIN s RAINFALL s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RISK MANAGEMENT s RIVER BASIN s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION SECTOR s SCENARIOS s SCREENING s SEASON s SECTORAL MINISTRIES s SOLAR RADIATION s STORMS s SURFACE WATER s TEMPERATURE s TEMPERATURE CHANGES s TEMPERATURE INCREASE s TEMPERATURE INCREASES s TRANSPORT SECTOR s VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE s WASTE s WASTE RECYCLING s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER CONSERVATION s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DEMAND s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SECTOR s WATER SUPPLY s WATER USE s WATER UTILITIES pha English en_US This overview of climate change activities in Uzbekistan is part of a series of country notes for five Central Asian countries that summarize climate portfolio in a number of sectors, namely agriculture, forestry and natural resources, water, health, energy, and transport. The note further provides a brief overview of Uzbekistan's climate context in terms of observed impacts and historical trends as well as climate projections specific to sectors that are considered to be essential to the country's economic development. Finally, the note assesses national policy and institutional context related to climate change as well as suggests potential ways forward that could help Uzbekistan mainstream climate considerations into development activities and planning and create public demand for climate actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875023 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17550 Volltext, Open Access

1759730475

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:41.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730475 OCoLC 1255602809 WBOKR 17551 EBP 064559289 KEP 064559289 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17551 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Turkmenistan Overview of Climate Change Activities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Turkmenistan s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCIDENTS s AIR s AIR POLLUTION s AIR TEMPERATURE s ALLOCATION s ANNUAL PRECIPITATION s ARID CLIMATE s ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE s ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS s AUTOMOBILE s AVAILABILITY s CARBON STORAGE s CARBON STORAGE CAPACITY s CLIMATE s CLIMATE ACTION s CLIMATE ADAPTATION s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE ACTIVITIES s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION s CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE CHANGE MODELS s CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES s CLIMATE CHANGE RISKS s CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY s CLIMATE PROJECTIONS s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s CLIMATE RISK s CLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENTS s CLIMATE-SENSITIVE SECTORS s CLIMATIC CHANGE s CO s COMBUSTION s COMBUSTION SYSTEMS s DESERTIFICATION s DESERTS s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC BENEFITS s ECONOMIC COSTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY s ELECTRIC SUPPLY s EMISSION s EMISSIONS s ENERGY BALANCE s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY INTENSITY s ENERGY MANAGEMENT s ENERGY MIX s ENERGY POLICIES s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY SUBSIDIES s ENERGY SYSTEMS s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXTREME WEATHER s EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS s FEASIBILITY s FLOODS s FOREST s FOREST AREAS s FOREST BIOMASS s FOREST FIRES s FOREST GROWTH s FOREST MANAGEMENT s FOREST RESOURCES s FORESTRY s FORESTS s FOSSIL s FOSSIL SOURCES s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FUEL s GAS s GAS RESOURCES s GHG s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEAT s HEATING SYSTEMS s HEAVY RAINS s HYDROMETEOROLOGY s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPROVEMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY s IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY s INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE s INDICATORS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s LOW-CARBON s MEAN TEMPERATURE s METEOROLOGICAL DATA s NATIONAL CLIMATE s NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE s NATURAL GAS s OIL s OIL EQUIVALENT s OZONE s PESTICIDES s PIPELINE s PORTFOLIO s POWER ENGINEERING s POWER PLANTS s RADIATION s RAILWAY s RAILWAY SYSTEM s RAW MATERIALS s REDUCING ENERGY CONSUMPTION s RENEWABLE ENERGIES s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES s RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS s RESPONSE TO CLIMATE CHANGE s RISK MANAGEMENT s ROAD s ROADS s SCENARIOS s SEASON s SEAWATER s SURFACE WATER s TEMPERATURE s TEMPERATURE INCREASE s TEMPERATURES s TONS OF CARBON s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORTATION s TRAVEL TIMES s UTILITIES s VEHICLE English en_US This overview of climate change activities in Turkmenistan is part of a series of country notes for five Central Asian countries that summarize climate portfolio in a number of sectors, namely agriculture, forestry, water, health, energy, and transport. This note further provides a brief overview of Turkmenistan's climate context in terms of observed impacts and historical trends as well as climate projections specific to sectors that are considered to be essential to the country's economic development. Finally, the note assesses national policy and institutional context related to climate change as well as suggests potential ways forward that could help Turkmenistan mainstream climate considerations into development activities and planning and create public demand for climate actions 40 17-11-21 00:19:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875031 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17551 Volltext, Open Access

1759730483

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:41.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730483 OCoLC 1255604346 WBOKR 17552 EBP 064559270 KEP 064559270 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17552 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tajikistan Overview of Climate Change Activities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s ACCUMULATION OF CARBON s ADVERSE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s AFFORESTATION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL RESOURCE s AGRICULTURE s AIR s AIR TEMPERATURE s ALLOCATION s ALTITUDE s ANNUAL PRECIPITATION s BIODIVERSITY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE ACTION s CLIMATE ADAPTATION s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE ACTIVITIES s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION STRATEGY s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS s CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES s CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY s CLIMATE CHANGE RISKS s CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS s CLIMATE MODELS s CLIMATE PARAMETERS s CLIMATE POLICY s CLIMATE PROJECTIONS s CLIMATE REGULATION s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s CLIMATE RISK s CLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENTS s CLIMATE TRENDS s CLIMATE VARIABILITY s CLIMATE WARMS s CLIMATE-RELATED HAZARDS s CLIMATE-RELATED RISKS s CLIMATE-SENSITIVE SECTORS s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s CLIMATOLOGY s CO s DAMAGES s DECISION MAKERS s DECISION MAKING s DESERTIFICATION s DESERTS s DRINKING WATER s DROUGHT s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC COSTS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s EMISSIONS s ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE s ENERGY SECURITY s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EVAPOTRANSPIRATION s EXTREME EVENTS s EXTREME WEATHER s EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS s FINANCIAL CHALLENGES s FINANCIAL CONDITION s FINANCIAL COOPERATION s FLOOD MANAGEMENT s FLOOD RISK s FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT s FLOODS s FORAGE s FOREST FIRES s FOREST PLANTATIONS s FOREST PROTECTION s FOREST RESERVES s FORESTRY s FORESTRY SECTOR s FORESTS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FRESH WATER s FUEL s GHG s GLACIAL MELT s GLACIAL MELTWATER s GLACIER MELT s GLACIERS s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GLOBAL FOREST s GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES s GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES ASSESSMENT s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s HAIL s HYDROLOGY s HYDROMETEOROLOGY s HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT s HYDROPOWER POTENTIAL s HYDROPOWER PROJECT s ICE s ICE MELT s IMPORTS s INCOME s INDICATORS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IRRIGATION s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND TENURE s LAND USE s LOAD SHEDDING s LOW-CARBON s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s MEAN TEMPERATURE s MELTING GLACIERS s NATIONAL CLIMATE s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s PASTURE s PASTURES s PORTFOLIO s POWER SUPPLY s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s RAIN s RAINFALL s RANGELAND s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE USE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RIVER s RIVER BASIN s RIVER BASINS s RIVERS s RURAL LIVELIHOOD s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION SERVICES s SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION s SEA s SECTORAL MINISTRIES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOIL s SOILS s STORMS s SUMMER TEMPERATURES s SUSTAINABLE FOREST s SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT s TEMPERATURE s TEMPERATURE INCREASE s TEMPERATURES s TRANSPORT SECTOR s USE OF WATER s VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER DEVELOPMENT s WATER INFLOWS s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER POLICY s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SECTOR s WATER STRATEGY s WATER SUPPLY s WATER USE s WATER UTILITIES s WATERS s WATERSHED MANAGEMENT s WEATHER CONDITIONS s WEATHER EXTREMES s WINTER STORMS English en_US This overview of climate change activities in Tajikistan is part of a series of country notes for five Central Asian countries that summarize climate portfolio of the major development partners in a number of climate-sensitive sectors, namely energy, agriculture, forestry and natural resources, water, health, and transport. Recognizing the nature and significance of climate change contribution to an increase in disaster risk, the note also looks into the development partners' approaches and measures in this area. The note further provides a brief overview of Tajikistan's climate context in terms of observed impacts and historical trends as well as climate projections specific to sectors that are considered to be essential to the country's economic development. Finally, the note assesses national policy and institutional context related to climate change and suggests potential ways forward that could help Tajikistan mainstream low-carbon, climate-resilient development 40 17-11-21 00:19:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987504X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17552 Volltext, Open Access

1759730491

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:41.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730491 OCoLC 1255604347 WBOKR 17561 EBP 064559262 KEP 064559262 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17561 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Turkey Evaluating the Impact of Iskur's Vocational Training Programs World Bank VerfasserIn aut 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Turkey s ACCREDITATION s ACHIEVEMENTS s ACTIVE LABOR s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAM s ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s ACTIVE LABOUR s ACTIVE LABOUR MARKET s ACTIVE LABOUR MARKET POLICY s AGE GROUP s AGE GROUPS s AGGREGATE EMPLOYMENT s AVERAGE WAGE s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC SKILLS s COLLEGE GRADUATES s COMPLETION RATES s COUNSELORS s CURRICULA s CURRICULA CONTENT s DISADVANTAGED YOUTH s ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATION REFORMS s EDUCATORS s EMPLOYABILITY s EMPLOYEE s EMPLOYMENT s EMPLOYMENT GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT IMPACT s EMPLOYMENT INCENTIVES s EMPLOYMENT LEVELS s EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES s EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS s EMPLOYMENT SERVICES s ETHICS s FEMALE EMPLOYMENT s FINDING EMPLOYMENT s FINDING JOBS s HIGH SCHOOL s HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IN SERVICE COURSES s INTERVENTIONS s JOB COUNSELING s JOB OFFERS s JOB PLACEMENT s JOB SEARCH s JOB TRAINING s JOB-SEARCH ASSISTANCE s JOBS s LABOR ECONOMICS s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS s LABOR MARKET DEMAND s LABOR MARKET NEEDS s LABOR MARKET SERVICES s LABOR MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR SHORTAGES s LEADERSHIP s LEVEL OF EDUCATION s LIFE SKILLS s LITERACY s LOW EMPLOYMENT s LOW UNEMPLOYMENT s MALE TRAINEES s MENTAL HEALTH s NEW ENTRANTS s NUMERACY s OCCUPATIONAL CHOICE s OCCUPATIONS s ON-THE-JOB TRAINING s PASSIVE LABOR s PASSIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS s PRESENT STUDY s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIOR WORK EXPERIENCE s PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT s PRIVATE PROVIDER s PRIVATE PROVIDERS s PRIVATE PROVISION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT s PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC SCHOOLS s PUBLIC WORKS s SCHOOL EDUCATION s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SKILL ACQUISITION s SKILL SHORTAGES s SKILLED WORKERS s SKILLS TRAINING s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s STUDENT LEARNING s TEACHER s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TRAINEES s TRAINING COURSE s TRAINING COURSES s TRAINING IMPACTS s TRAINING POLICIES s TRAINING PROGRAM s TRAINING PROGRAMS s TRAINING PROVIDERS s UNEMPLOYED s UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s VOCATIONAL TRAINING s VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMS s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WORK EXPERIENCE s YOUNG WORKERS s YOUTH English en_US Turkey's economic performance during the 2000s is a global success story; high-income status is now within reach but this will require creating more and better jobs. Upgrading the skills of the current labor force is crucial for creating more and better jobs. The Turkish Employment Agency (ISKUR) plays a leading role in upgrading the skills of jobseekers and facilitating their access to productive employment by providing vocational training and other employment support services. The increasing importance of ISKUR vocational training prompted the government to commission the present study to evaluate its impact and to identify ways to enhance it. The study evaluates the main type of ISKUR's vocational training courses at a particular point in time, and thus it does not take into account recent reforms. The study evaluates a representative sample of general vocational training courses, which account for about two thirds of ISKUR vocational trainees (the other one-third mostly take courses on demand by employers) that took place between December 2010 and June 2011. The evaluation has an experimental design, exploiting the excess demand for ISKUR vocational training courses to randomly assign eligible training applicants into those who receive training (treatment group) and those who do not (control group). The study makes use of the findings from this evaluation, complemented by evidence from other countries, to suggest a number of policy options to further strengthen the impact of ISKUR training and services. In this context, this report is structured as follows: section one gives the context: jobs, skills upgrading, and ISKUR; section two presents evaluation of ISKUR training programs: design, data, and methods; section three presents evaluation of ISKUR training programs: results; and section four gives strengthening the impact of ISKUR training and services 40 17-11-21 00:19:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875058 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17561 Volltext, Open Access

1759730505

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730505 OCoLC 1255602831 WBOKR 17547 EBP 064559254 KEP 064559254 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17547 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Planning for Higher Oil Prices Power Sector Impact in Latin America and the Caribbean Luis Enrique García VerfasserIn aut Luis San Vicente Portes VerfasserIn aut Rigoberto Ariel Yépez-García VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Caribbean Latin America Latin America & Caribbean s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AMOUNT OF OIL s APPROACH s ATMOSPHERE s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BARREL s BARREL OIL s BARREL PRICE s BARRELS PER DAY s BIOMASS s BIOMASS GENERATION s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CO2 s CO2 EMISSIONS s COAL s COAL PRICES s COAL PRICING s COAL RESOURCES s COAL UNITS s CONVENTIONAL GAS s COST OF COAL s COST OF ELECTRICITY s COST OF GAS s CRUDE OIL s CRUDE OIL PRICES s CRUDE OIL SUPPLY s CRUDE PRICE s DEMAND FOR ENERGY s DEMAND FOR OIL s DEMAND GROWTH s DIESEL s DRILLING s ECOSYSTEMS s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRIC POWER GENERATORS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY COSTS s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION MIX s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY PRICING s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY TARIFF s ENERGY BALANCE s ENERGY CONSERVATION s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION s ENERGY INTENSITY s ENERGY MARKET s ENERGY MIX s ENERGY NEEDS s ENERGY PLANNERS s ENERGY POLICY s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY REQUIREMENTS s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY TECHNOLOGY s ENERGY TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS s EXCESS SUPPLY s EXTRACTION s FEEDSTOCK s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUELS s FOSSIL-FUEL s FUEL s FUEL COST s FUEL COSTS s FUEL DEMAND s FUEL EXPORTS s FUEL OIL s FUEL PRICE s FUEL PRICES s FUEL SUBSTITUTION s FUEL USE s FUTURE ENERGY NEEDS s GAS MARKETS s GAS PRICE s GAS PRICES s GAS PRICING s GAS PRODUCER s GAS PRODUCTION s GAS SUPPLY s GAS TECHNOLOGY s GAS TURBINE s GAS WELLHEAD s GAS-PRODUCING COUNTRIES s GASOLINE s GASOLINE PRODUCTION s GENERATION s GENERATION CAPACITY s GEOTHERMAL GENERATION s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH IN ELECTRICITY DEMAND s HEALTH RISKS s HEAVY CRUDE s HEAVY FUEL OIL s HEAVY RELIANCE s HIGH OIL PRICES s HIGHER ENERGY CONSUMPTION s HIGHER ENERGY PRICES s HIGHER OIL PRICES s HYDROCARBON FUELS s HYDROCARBONS s HYDROPOWER s HYDROPOWER GENERATION s INCOME s INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY s INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY s KILOWATT HOUR s LIGHT CRUDE s LIQUID FUEL s LIQUIDS PRODUCTION s LNG s METHANE s MILLION BARRELS s MILLION BARRELS PER DAY s MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS MARKET s NATURAL GAS PRICE s NATURAL GAS PRICES s NATURAL RESOURCES s NATURAL-GAS s NET OIL s OIL s OIL AND GAS s OIL CONSUMPTION s OIL CRISIS s OIL DEMAND s OIL EQUIVALENT s OIL EXPORTER s OIL EXPORTERS s OIL EXPORTING s OIL EXPORTING COUNTRIES s OIL EXPORTS s OIL IMPORT s OIL IMPORT BILL s OIL IMPORTERS s OIL IMPORTING s OIL IMPORTING COUNTRIES s OIL IMPORTING NATIONS s OIL MARKET s OIL POWER s OIL PRICE s OIL PRICE CHANGES s OIL PRICE FLUCTUATIONS s OIL PRICE SCENARIO s OIL PRICES s OIL PRODUCTS s OIL REFINERY s OIL REVENUES s OIL SHOCK s OIL SHOCKS s OIL SUPPLIES s OIL SUPPLY s OIL TANKER s OIL-IMPORTING COUNTRIES s OIL-PRODUCING COUNTRIES s OPEC s OPEC COUNTRIES s PEAK LOAD s PER CAPITA ENERGY s PER CAPITA ENERGY CONSUMPTION s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES s PIPELINES s POTENT GREENHOUSE GAS s POWER s POWER GENERATION s POWER PRODUCER s POWER PRODUCERS s POWER SECTOR s PRICE COMPARISONS s PRICE COMPETITIVENESS s PRICE ELASTICITY s PRICE OF COAL s PRICE OF GAS s PRICE OF NATURAL GAS s PRICE OF OIL s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRICES OF ENERGY s PRIMARY ENERGY s PRIMARY ENERGY SOURCE s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRODUCTION COSTS s REFINED PRODUCTS s REFINERIES s REFINERY CAPACITY s REGRESSION ANALYSIS s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIAL s RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES s RENEWABLE SOURCES s RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGIES s RESIDUAL FUEL s RESIDUAL FUEL OIL s SPOT PRICE s SULFUR s SULFUR CONTENT s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s THERMAL UNIT s TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATION s TOTAL ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION s UTILITIES s WELLHEAD PRICE s WELLHEAD PRICES s WIND s WIND ENERGY s WIND ENERGY GENERATION s WORLD OIL s WORLD OIL PRODUCTION English en_US A scenario with higher oil prices has important implications for diverting from oil-based technologies to renewables, as well as gas, coal, and nuclear alternatives. By 2030, energy demand in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is expected to double from 2008 levels. A key issue is deciding on the most appropriate mix of fuels for power generation, given the various prices of energy sources and technologies, as well as availability of renewable energy. The study's broad aim is to evaluate the impact of higher oil prices on the cost of generating electricity in countries of the LAC region so that better-informed energy policy planners can buffer future adverse effects. The study defines high oil prices as those above United States (U.S.) $100 per barrel. This price is considered a reasonable starting point for discussion given the recent range in oil prices, which averaged $95 a barrel in 2011. A price of $150 per barrel is defined as considerably high yet plausible given historical and current price levels, available forecasts, and other potential price drivers. The study's specific objectives are to: (i) analyze the economic effects of higher oil prices on LAC countries, particularly oil importers; (ii) assess the short-term impact on electricity generation costs based on the composition of generation matrices across countries of the region; and (iii) quantify the long term impact on electricity costs if countries modify the composition of their generation matrices in response to higher oil prices. This report is organized as follows: chapter one gives introduction. Chapter two presents the framework for analyzing the impact of higher oil prices, including an overview of recent price trends, major drivers of oil and gas prices, and a medium-term scenario under which higher prices might occur. Chapter three analyzes the impact of higher oil prices on LAC countries. Chapter four focuses on the short-term impact of higher oil prices on the electricity sector and the potential impact on the cost of generation, depending on the planning decisions made for future electricity generation. Finally, chapter five offers policy makers recommendations on the relevance of considering the potential impact of higher oil prices on countries' fiscal and trade balances, the cost of electricity to final consumers, and the impact that such cost may have on the competitiveness of their productive sector 40 17-11-21 00:19:17.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875066 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17547 Volltext, Open Access

1759730513

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730513 OCoLC 1255602670 WBOKR 17554 EBP 064559246 KEP 064559246 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17554 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Cambodia Study on Access to Financial Services for Small and Medium Agribusiness Enterprises in Cambodia World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Cambodia East Asia and Pacific s ACCESS TO CREDIT s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES s ACCOUNT HOLDERS s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS s ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE s ADVISORY SERVICES s AFFORDABILITY s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL SECTORS s AGRICULTURAL TRADE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s APPLICATION PROCESS s APPROVAL PROCEDURES s ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK BRANCH s BANK LENDING s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING INSTITUTIONS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SERVICES s BANKING SYSTEM s BORROWER s BORROWING s BORROWING CAPACITY s BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS s BUSINESS COMMUNITY s BUSINESS MANAGEMENT s BUSINESS PLAN s BUSINESS PLANS s BUSINESS VOLUMES s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPITAL SHORTAGE s CAPITAL STOCK s CAPITALIZATION s CASH FLOWS s CASH HOLDINGS s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL REGISTRY s COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS s CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT s CORPORATE FINANCE s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT GAP s CREDIT HISTORY s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT NEED s CREDIT-WORTHINESS s CROP VALUE s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEBT OBLIGATION s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DIVERSIFICATION s DOMESTIC BANKS s ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENTREPRENEURS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPORT GROWTH s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s FACILITATION s FACTORING s FAMILIES s FARM MACHINERY s FARMERS s FINANCIAL ACCESS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL LEVERAGE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MEASURES s FINANCIAL NEEDS s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL RELATIONSHIP s FINANCIAL SECTOR ASSESSMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FINANCING NEEDS s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FIXED ASSETS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FORM OF CREDIT s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROSS MARGINS s GROUP LOANS s INFORMATION SHARING s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT CAPITAL s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s LACK OF ACCESS s LACK OF COLLATERAL s LACK OF CREDIT s LACK OF FINANCE s LACK OF INFORMATION s LAND VALUE s LEGAL ENVIRONMENT s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDERS s LENDING INTEREST RATES s LENDING PORTFOLIO s LETTER OF CREDIT s LETTERS OF CREDIT s LEVEL OF ASSETS s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIMITED ACCESS s LIMITED ACCESS TO FINANCE s LINES OF CREDIT s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT s LOAN s LOAN APPLICATION s LOAN APPRAISAL s LOAN APPROVAL s LOAN PRODUCTS s LOAN REPAYMENT s LOAN SIZE s LOAN SIZES s LOAN SUPERVISION s LOC s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MARKET FAILURES s MERCHANTS s MFI s MFIS s MICRO ENTERPRISE s MICRO ENTERPRISES s MICRO-CREDIT s MICRO-ENTERPRISES s MICRO-INSURANCE s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MONEY LENDER s MONEY MARKETS s MONEY TRANSFER s MONEY TRANSFERS s MOVABLE COLLATERAL s NATURAL RESOURCES s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OUTREACH s PAYMENTS SERVICES s PERSONAL LOANS s PERSONAL PROPERTY s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFIT MARGINS s PROFITABILITY s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s REAL SECTOR s REGULATORY SYSTEM s REPOS s RULE OF LAW s RURAL CREDIT s SAVINGS s SAVINGS ACCOUNTS s SECONDARY MARKETS s SELF-EMPLOYMENT s SMALL ENTERPRISE s SMALL LOANS s SMALLHOLDER s SOURCE OF CREDIT s SOURCE OF INFORMATION s SPECIALIZED BANKS s STOCKS s SUBSIDIARY s SUPPLY OF FINANCING s TAX s TAX BURDEN s TAX BURDENS s TAX INCENTIVES s TAXATION s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRADE CREDIT s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADING s TRANSPARENCY s TRANSPORT s TURNOVER s UNION s URBAN AREAS s USE OF COLLATERAL s VILLAGES s WAREHOUSE s WAREHOUSE RECEIPT s WAREHOUSE RECEIPT SYSTEM s WAREHOUSE RECEIPT SYSTEMS s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US Agriculture has been a mainstay of the Cambodian economy. It has seen significant growth throughout the 2000s and showed a significant resilience against external shocks during the 2008-09 economic and financial crises. Agribusiness enterprises do not operate in isolation from the rest of the economy. The state of production of agricultural raw materials, the state of the financial sector, and the nature of the financial sector's engagement with the real sector activities, as well as broader issues that affect private sector development all impact the development of the agribusiness sector. The current study seeks to analyze some of these linkages. It focuses specifically on the role the financial sector has played in the growth and development of the agribusiness sector. The study builds on the existing analytical work on agricultural and small and medium enterprise (SME) finance in Cambodia. The study was carried out in three major phases. The first phase was to determine a methodology to gather new information on linkages between agribusinesses and financial institutions. The second phase involved a survey of financial institutions (banks, microfinance institutions, and insurance companies) and 1,011 agribusinesses in Cambodia. The third phase emphasized analyzing the data and compiling a report that highlighted the key findings for the target audience. The report provides the broader context of the sector issues related to access to finance by agribusinesses, and review the available analytical work 40 17-11-21 00:19:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875074 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17554 Volltext, Open Access

1759730521

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730521 OCoLC 1255602671 WBOKR 17558 EBP 064559238 KEP 064559238 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17558 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Climate Trends and Impacts in China Chris Sall VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ABS s ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT s ADVERSE EFFECTS s AEROSOLS s AGRICULTURE s AGROMETEOROLOGY s AIR s AIR CONDITIONING s ANNUAL PRECIPITATION s APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY s ATMOSPHERE s ATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONS s ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES s BAROMETRIC PRESSURE s BASINS s BIODIVERSITY s BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY s BIOLOGY s BIOMASS s BURNING COAL s CASE STUDIES s CHARACTERISTICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s CHIEF SCIENTIST s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION s CLIMATE CHANGE ASSESSMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT s CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH s CLIMATE CHANGES s CLIMATE CONDITIONS s CLIMATE DATA s CLIMATE DYNAMICS s CLIMATE EXTREMES s CLIMATE IMPACT s CLIMATE IMPACT RESEARCH s CLIMATE MODELING s CLIMATE MODELS s CLIMATE PREDICTION s CLIMATE PROJECTIONS s CLIMATE RESEARCH s CLIMATE RISK s CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT s CLIMATE RISKS s CLIMATE SCENARIO s CLIMATE SCIENCE s CLIMATE STABILIZATION s CLIMATE SYSTEM s CLIMATE SYSTEM MODEL s CLIMATE TRENDS s CLIMATE VARIABILITY s CLIMATE WARMING s CLIMATIC CHANGES s CLIMATIC RESEARCH s CLIMATOLOGY s CLOUDINESS s CO s CO2 s COAST s COASTAL AREAS s COASTAL RESEARCH s COASTAL ZONES s COASTS s COLORS s CONSERVATION s CONSTRUCTION s CONVECTION s CORAL REEFS s CROPLAND s CROPS s DAILY TEMPERATURE s DAMAGES s DAMS s DATA SETS s DATA SOURCES s DESALINATION s DESERTIFICATION s DESERTS s DRAINAGE s DROUGHT s DUST s ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS s ECOLOGY s ECOSYSTEM s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s EMISSION s EMISSION SCENARIOS s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS SCENARIO s EMISSIONS SCENARIOS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH s EROSION CONTROL s EVAPORATION s EVAPOTRANSPIRATION s EXTREME CLIMATE EVENTS s EXTREME EVENTS s EXTREME HEAT s EXTREME PRECIPITATION s EXTREME PRECIPITATION EVENTS s EXTREME TEMPERATURE s EXTREME TEMPERATURE EVENTS s EXTREME TEMPERATURES s EXTREME WEATHER s EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS s FERTILIZATION s FLOODING s FLOODPLAINS s FLOODS s FOREST s FOREST ECOSYSTEMS s FOREST FIRE s FOREST FIRES s FOREST SUCCESSION s FORESTRY s FORESTS s FRESHWATER s FROST s FUTURE CLIMATE CHANGE s GCM s GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL s GLACIAL MELTWATER s GLACIERS s GLOBAL CLIMATE s GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE s GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL s GLOBAL WARMING s GRASSLANDS s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GASES s GROUNDWATER s GROWING SEASON s HAIL s HIGH TEMPERATURES s HOUSING s HUMAN ACTIVITY s HURRICANES s HYDROLOGICAL MODEL s HYDROLOGICAL MODELS s HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES s HYDROLOGY s ICE s ICE SHEET s IMPACT OF CLIMATE s IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s INCOME s INSURANCE s INTENSE RAINFALL s INTENSE STORMS s INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE s INTERNATIONAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE s IPCC s LAND AREAS s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND SUBSIDENCE s LAND USE s LONG-TERM CLIMATE CHANGE s MANGROVES s MARINE BIOTA s MELTING GLACIERS s METEOROLOGICAL ADMINISTRATION s METEOROLOGY s MICROBES s MONSOONS s NATIONAL CLIMATE s NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE s NATIONAL SCALE s NEGATIVE IMPACTS s NONPOINT SOURCE s OZONE s PHYSICS s PLANTATION s POLLUTANTS s POWER PLANTS s PRECIPITATION s PRECIPITATION EVENTS s PRECIPITATION PATTERNS s PUBLIC HEALTH s QUALITY OF WATER s RAIN s RAINFALL s RAINY DAYS s RANGES s REGIONAL CLIMATE s REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE s REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL s REGIONAL CLIMATE SCENARIOS s RESERVOIRS s RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s RIVER s RUNOFF s SAND s SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT s SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE s SCIENTISTS s SEA LEVEL RISE s SEA-LEVEL s SEA-LEVEL RISE s SEASONAL PRECIPITATION s SOLAR RADIATION s SPECIES s STORM SURGES s STORMS s SUMMER RAINFALL s SURFACE RUNOFF s SURFACE TEMPERATURES s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATERS s TEMPERATURE s TEMPERATURE CHANGE s TEMPERATURE CHANGES s TEMPERATURE EXTREMES s TEMPERATURE RANGE s TEMPERATURES s TOPOGRAPHY s TROPICAL CYCLONES s TROPICAL STORMS s TYPHOONS s VARIABILITY IN RAINFALL s VARIABILITY OF RAINFALL s VEGETATION s VEGETATIVE COVER s VEGETATIVE GROWTH s WARMER TEMPERATURES s WATER TREATMENT s WAVES s WETLANDS s WIND s WIND DAMAGE s WIND EROSION s WIND SPEEDS s WINDS English en_US This discussion paper summarizes observed and projected trends in extreme weather events, present-day climate variability, and future climate change and their impacts on China's different regions. Findings are presented from China's national assessment report on climate change (2007) and second national assessment report on climate change (2011) as well as other studies by Chinese and international experts. In addition to reviewing the physical climate science, the paper also looks at trends in economic damages in China from weather related hazards. The paper serves as background for a series of discussion papers on climate risk management and adaptation in China. The growing body of scientific evidence shows that China's climate is indeed changing, especially when climate is viewed at the regional level. Temperatures are rising, precipitation regimes are changing, and shifts have occurred in the distribution of extreme weather events. The effects of extreme weather events, present-day climate variability, and future climate change cut across many different sectors of China's economy. China's government estimates that direct economic losses from extreme weather events cost the country 1 to 3 percent of gross domestic product each year. As China's economy continues to grow, its exposure to weather-related hazards is expected to heighten, especially without policies to limit building in hazardous areas such as floodplains and alleviate non-climate pressures such as overuse of freshwater resources. Effective risk management policies and investments are crucial to reducing the sensitivity and increasing the resilience of the country to extreme weather, climate variability, and long-term climate change 40 17-11-21 00:19:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875082 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17558 Volltext, Open Access

175973053X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973053X OCoLC 1255604348 WBOKR 17576 EBP 06455922X KEP 06455922X 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17576 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Poverty and Social Impact Analysis of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act in Karnataka to Enable Effective Convergence C. S. Laxman VerfasserIn aut Crispino Lobo VerfasserIn aut Grant Milne VerfasserIn aut Suryanarayana Satish VerfasserIn aut World Bank, New Delhi 2013 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESS TO FACILITIES s ACCESS TO GOVERNMENT s ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY HOUSEHOLDS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY- BUILDING s CAPACITY-BUILDING s CHRONIC POVERTY s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMON PROPERTY s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s CROP DIVERSIFICATION s DAILY WAGE s DISADVANTAGED GROUPS s DROUGHT s DRY REGIONS s EDUCATIONAL LEVELS s EMPLOYMENT GENERATION s EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE s EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE SCHEME s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY s EMPLOYMENT PROGRAM s FARM PRODUCTION s FARM WORK s FARM WORKERS s FARMERS s FLEXIBILITY s FODDER s FOOD GRAINS s FOOD SECURITY s GOOD GOVERNANCE s HOUSEHOLD INCOME s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s HUMAN RESOURCES s IMPACT ASSESSMENT s IMPLEMENTATION AGENCIES s INCOME s INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES s INFORMAL SECTOR s INTERVENTION s IRRIGATION s KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEWS s LABOR COSTS s LABOR DEMAND s LABORERS s LABOUR s LABOUR DEMAND s LAND OWNERSHIP s LANDHOLDINGS s LANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS s LEARNING s LIVELIHOOD s LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES s LIVELIHOOD SECURITY s MALE WORKERS s MARKET WAGES s MIGRANT LABORERS s MILK s MINIMUM WAGE s MONITORING & EVALUATION s NGO s NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS s OCCUPATION s OCCUPATIONAL MOBILITY s OCCUPATIONS s OUTREACH ACTIVITIES s PARTICIPATORY POVERTY ASSESSMENT s PARTICIPATORY RURAL APPRAISAL s PASTURE DEVELOPMENT s POOR s POOR FARMERS s POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s POORER HOUSEHOLDS s POVERTY GAP s POVERTY IMPACTS s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRA s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROGRAM DELIVERY s PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION s PROGRAMS s PROJECT OBJECTIVES s PROPERTY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY OF LIFE s QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL EMPLOYMENT s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s RURAL POOR s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL PROJECTS s RURAL ROADS s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFETY NETS s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SECRETARIES s SERVICE PROVIDER s SKILLED WORKERS s SMALL FARMER s SMALL FARMERS s SOCIAL ASSESSMENT s SOCIAL AUDITS s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL IMPACTS s SOIL EROSION s SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TARGETING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSPARENCY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNSKILLED LABOR s VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT s VILLAGE LEVEL s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s WAGE EMPLOYMENT s WAGE RATE s WAGE RATES s WATER AVAILABILITY s WORKER English en_US As the 21st century unfolds, the vast nation of India faces an array of challenges, including how to feed its burgeoning population in a situation where rural poverty is widespread and land resources are under mounting pressure. In such a situation it is vital that the resources supporting agriculture (especially rain-fed arable farming) - soil and water, physical infrastructure, and those employed on the land operate efficiently and in harmony. Two huge programs are particularly important as India strives to achieve that aim: the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), and the Integrated Watershed Management Program (IWMP). The aims of this report are to: show how NREGA and IWMP operate within themselves and in relation to each other, especially in the state of Karnataka, which is the focus of this report; assess the performance of NREGA in Karnataka through a poverty and social impact analysis (PSIA); and analyze the benefits that may arise (taking into account the results of the PSIA) from a closer convergence of NREGA and IWMP in implementing projects in rural areas. Greater convergence has the potential to significantly increase the quality and scale of rural projects in India, with considerable economic, social, and poverty reduction benefits 40 17-11-21 00:19:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875090 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17576 Volltext, Open Access

1759730548

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730548 OCoLC 1255604363 WBOKR 17568 EBP 064559211 KEP 064559211 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17568 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Assessment of the Financing Framework for Municipal Infrastructure in Vietnam World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s BALANCE SHEET s BANKING SECTOR s BID s BIDS s BOND s BOND ISSUANCE s BOND ISSUE s BOND ISSUES s BOND MARKET s BORROWING CAPACITY s BUDGETING s CAPITAL BASE s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL GRANTS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK LOANS s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL LOANS s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CORPORATE BONDS s CREDIT ENHANCEMENT s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATINGS s CREDIT RISKS s CREDITORS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY RISK s DEBT s DEBT DEFAULT s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MARKETS s DEBT OBLIGATIONS s DEBT REPAYMENT s DEBT REPAYMENTS s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEBT SERVICE s DEBTS s DEMAND FOR BONDS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DOMESTIC BORROWING s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ELECTRICITY s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s EQUITY CAPITAL s EQUITY MARKETS s EQUITY STAKES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENTS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE RESPONSIBILITIES s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL FINANCE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN FUNDS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FOREIGN LOAN s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s IMPLICIT GUARANTEES s INCOME LEVEL s INFORMATION DISCLOSURE s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE s INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVESTING s INVESTMENT CAPITAL s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT RATE s INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS s INVESTOR INTEREST s LAND USE s LAND VALUE s LAND VALUES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDER s LENDERS s LENDING DECISIONS s LENDING INTEREST RATE s LEVIES s LEVY s LICENSES s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUES s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s LOCAL MARKET s LONG-TERM CAPITAL s LONG-TERM INSTRUMENT s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS s MARKET ECONOMY s MARKET FAILURES s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET MAKERS s MARKET PRICE s MARKET SIZE s MATURITIES s MATURITY MISMATCHES s MATURITY PERIOD s MATURITY PERIODS s MATURITY STRUCTURE s MDF s MUNICIPAL BOND s MUNICIPAL BOND ISSUANCE s MUNICIPAL BOND MARKET s MUNICIPAL BONDS s MUNICIPAL FINANCE s MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE s MUTUAL FUNDS s NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OUTSTANDING AMOUNT s OUTSTANDING DEBT s OUTSTANDING DEBTS s PAYMENT OF DEBT s PAYMENT OF INTEREST s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PORTS s PRIVATE CAPITAL s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ASSETS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC DEBTS s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT CAPACITY s RESERVE s RETURN s RETURNS s REVENUE SHARING s RISK ASSESSMENTS s RISK FACTOR s RISK MANAGEMENT s ROADS s SECURITIES s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT SYSTEM s SHORT MATURITY s SHORT-TERM DEPOSITS s STATE BANK s SUB-NATIONAL BORROWERS s SUB-NATIONAL DEBT s SUB-NATIONAL FINANCES s SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS s TAX s TAX RATES s TAX REVENUES s TIMELY PAYMENT s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TRUST FUND s TRUST FUNDS s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN SERVICES s URBANIZATION s VALUATION English en_US A fundamental challenge for Vietnam is to improve the affordability and efficiency of infrastructure investment. The fragmentation of public infrastructure investment results in duplication and waste, and is a major underlying cause of investment inefficiency. Bond issuance has been the most prominent form of debt financing at the sub-national level. At the provincial level, significant disconnects exist between total planned investment needs in infrastructure, and the effective demand for such investment. The success of any initiative to improve the financing of municipal infrastructure in Vietnam hinges on advances in the broader landscape of policy reform as part of the country's long-term development. Meeting these challenges requires a comprehensive approach that addresses issues of governance, financing, and execution. This report has been formulated with the objective of informing the Government of Vietnam (GOV) on how the financing framework for municipal infrastructure in the country can be strengthened. It is based on an assessment of the constraints and opportunities that sub-national governments face in accessing financing for infrastructure development. It also draws upon lessons and good practices from international experience in this area, considering their relevance for Vietnam. A set of recommendations and implementable actions is provided, recognizing the broader context of ongoing reforms that are needed on institutions, incentives and the availability of information 40 17-11-21 00:19:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875104 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17568 Volltext, Open Access

1759730556

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730556 OCoLC 1255604307 WBOKR 17574 EBP 064559203 KEP 064559203 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17574 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Peru Diagnostic Review of Consumer Protection and Financial Literacy World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Peru s ACCESS POINTS s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES s ACCOUNT OWNERSHIP s ACCOUNTING s ANNUAL INTEREST RATES s APPROVAL PROCESS s APPROVAL PROCESSES s ATM s ATMS s AUTOMATIC TELLER s BANK BRANCH s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKS s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BEST PRACTICE s BEST PRACTICES s BOOKLETS s CALCULATION s CALL CENTER s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH ADVANCES s CASH TRANSFER s CC s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONSUMER s CONSUMER BANKING s CONSUMER BEHAVIOR s CONSUMER COMPLAINTS s CONSUMER CONFIDENCE s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONSUMER DETRIMENT s CONSUMER INFORMATION s CONSUMER ISSUES s CONSUMER LENDING s CONSUMER LOANS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMER PROTECTION LAW s CONSUMER PROTECTION MEASURES s CONSUMER UNDERSTANDING s CONSUMERS s CONTRIBUTION s CONTRIBUTIONS s COOPERATIVES s COST OF CREDITS s CREDIT CARD s CREDIT CARDS s CREDIT COOPERATIVES s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT LIMITS s CREDIT PRODUCTS s CREDIT REGISTRY s CREDIT REPORTING s CREDIT UNION s CREDITORS s CREDITS s CUSTOMER SERVICE s DEBT s DEBTORS s DEBTS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSIT PRODUCT s DEPOSITOR s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT COMPANIES s DISABILITY s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DISCRIMINATION s DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION CAMPAIGNS s EDUCATION INITIATIVES s EDUCATION LEVEL s EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS s EMPLOYER s EMPLOYER CONTRIBUTIONS s EMPLOYER PENSION s EMPOWERMENT s EXCLUSION s FAMILY BUDGET s FINANCE COMPANIES s FINANCE INDUSTRIES s FINANCIAL CONCEPTS s FINANCIAL CONSUMER s FINANCIAL CONSUMERS s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DECISIONS s FINANCIAL ECONOMIST s FINANCIAL EDUCATION s FINANCIAL EDUCATION INITIATIVES s FINANCIAL EDUCATION PROGRAM s FINANCIAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS s FINANCIAL FUTURE s FINANCIAL IMPACT s FINANCIAL INCENTIVES s FINANCIAL INDUSTRY s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INTEREST s FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE s FINANCIAL LITERACY s FINANCIAL LITERACY PROGRAMS s FINANCIAL LITERACY SURVEY s FINANCIAL PRODUCT s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL REGULATORS s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR ASSESSMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR POLICIES s FINANCIAL SECTORS s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SERVICES PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FUTURE EARNINGS s GENERAL PUBLIC s HEALTH INSURANCE s HOUSEHOLDS s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFORMATION SHARING s INSTALLMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE POLICIES s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVESTMENT RETURN s INVESTMENT RETURNS s LACK OF INFORMATION s LENDERS s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFE INSURERS s LOAN s LOAN SIZE s LOW INCOME s LOW-INCOME s LOW-INCOME CUSTOMERS s LOWER INCOME s MANDATORY CONTRIBUTIONS s MARKETING s MASS MARKET s MFIS s MICRO ENTERPRISE s MICRO ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT s MICRO FINANCE s MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MICRO-CREDIT s MICRO-FINANCE s MICRO-FINANCE INDUSTRIES s MICROCREDIT s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MINIMUM PAYMENT s MONEY MANAGEMENT s MONTHLY INCOME s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE LOANS s OFFICE OF FAIR TRADING s OPERATING COSTS s PAYMENT SERVICES s PENETRATION RATE s PENSION CONTRIBUTIONS s PENSION DECISION s PENSION MEMBERS s PENSION PLAN s PENSION PROVIDERS s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONERS s PENSIONS s PENSIONS SYSTEM s POINT OF SALE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE PENSION FUND s PRIVATE PENSION FUNDS s PRIVATE PENSIONS s PROTECTION OF CONSUMERS s PROVIDERS OF CREDIT s PROVISION OF INFORMATION s PUBLIC PENSION s QUESTIONNAIRE s REGULATORY OVERSIGHT s REPAYMENT s RESPONSIBILITIES s RETIREMENT s RETIREMENT FUNDS s REVOLVING LOANS s RISK MANAGEMENT s SALE s SALES s SAVINGS s SAVINGS ACCOUNT s SAVINGS ACCOUNTS s SAVINGS PRODUCTS s SAVINGS RATE s SECURITIES s SENIOR s SMALL LOANS s STAKEHOLDERS s SUPERVISION OF PENSION FUNDS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL COST s UNFAIR BUSINESS PRACTICES s URBAN AREAS s WORTH English en_US The diagnostic review for consumer protection and financial literacy (CPFL) provides a detailed assessment of the institutional, legal, and regulatory framework for consumer protection in four segments of the financial. A World Bank (WB) mission visited Peru from March 18 to 27, 2013 to prepare the review. The objectives of the CPFL review were: (i) to assess the existing consumer protection and financial literacy framework by reviewing laws, regulations, and practices in Peru compared to international good practices; and (ii) to provide recommendations on ways to improve the level of financial consumer protection and financial literacy in Peru. It seeks to identify key measures in strengthening financial consumer protection, with the ultimate aim of increasing the availability and transparency of financial information, helping build consumers' trust in the financial sector, and expanding their capacity to wisely use financial services. The review addresses the following issues: (1) institutional arrangements, (2) legal and regulatory framework, (3) disclosure, (4) business practices, (5) dispute resolution mechanisms, and (6) financial education 40 17-11-21 00:19:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875112 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17574 Volltext, Open Access

1759730564

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730564 OCoLC 1255600991 WBOKR 17575 EBP 06455919X KEP 06455919X 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17575 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Senegal Safety Net Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Africa Senegal s ACCESS TO SCHOOLING s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACUTE MALNUTRITION s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL INPUTS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL SHOCKS s AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT s ANTI-POVERTY s ANTI-POVERTY PROGRAMS s ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS s BASIC FOODSTUFFS s BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE s BENEFICIARIES s BENEFICIARY s CAPACITY BUILDING s CASH GRANTS s CASH TRANSFER s CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM s CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS s CASH TRANSFERS s CHILD LABOR s CHILD MORTALITY s CHILD NUTRITION s CHRONIC MALNUTRITION s CHRONIC POVERTY s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMUNITY ASSETS s CONDITIONAL CASH s COPING STRATEGIES s COVARIATE SHOCKS s CROP VARIETIES s DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS s DROUGHT s DROUGHT RISK s DROUGHT YEARS s ECONOMIC CRISES s ECONOMIC CRISIS s ECONOMIC DOWNTURNS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC RECESSION s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s EDUCATIONAL SUPPORT s EMERGENCY FOOD s EMERGENCY SITUATIONS s EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE s EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE SCHEME s EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS s EXOGENOUS SHOCKS s EXTERNAL RESOURCES s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTREME POVERTY s FAMILY MEMBERS s FAMILY SUPPORT s FARMERS s FEE WAIVERS s FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FOOD AID s FOOD ASSISTANCE s FOOD AVAILABILITY s FOOD BASKET s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD COUPONS s FOOD DISTRIBUTION s FOOD INSECURITY s FOOD NEEDS s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOOD PROCESSING s FOOD PROGRAM s FOOD SECURITY s FOOD SUBSIDIES s FORMAL CREDIT s GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH SERVICE s HEALTH SERVICES s HOUSEHOLD BUDGET s HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION s HOUSEHOLD LEVEL s HOUSEHOLD POVERTY s HOUSEHOLD SIZE s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY s HOUSING s HOUSING ASSISTANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s IDENTIFICATION OF BENEFICIARIES s IMPACT ON POVERTY s IMPACT ON POVERTY REDUCTION s INCIDENCE ANALYSIS s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME GENERATION s INCOME INEQUALITY s INCOME SHOCKS s INEQUALITY s INFORMAL CREDIT s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INTEREST RATE SUBSIDIES s LABOR MARKET POLICIES s LEAKAGE OF BENEFITS s LEAN SEASON s LIMITED CAPACITY s LOSS OF INCOME s MALNUTRITION s MEANS TEST s MEANS TESTING s MICRO-FINANCE s MICRO-FINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MILK s NATIONAL COVERAGE s NATIONAL POVERTY s NATIONAL POVERTY LINE s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NUTRITION PROGRAM s NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT s OLD AGE s PENSION s PENSIONS s POOR s POOR COMMUNITIES s POOR HOUSEHOLDS s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY INDICATORS s POVERTY LEVEL s POVERTY LEVELS s POVERTY LINE s POVERTY RATES s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAM s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER s POVERTY STATUS s POVERTY TRAPS s PRENATAL CARE s PRICE SUBSIDIES s PRIVATE INSURANCE s PROGRAM COVERAGE s PROTECTION POLICIES s PROTECTION SYSTEM s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC WORKS s PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS s PURCHASING POWER s REPEATED SHOCKS s RISK AVERSION s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MITIGATION s RISK POOLING s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL CREDIT s RURAL DISTRICTS s RURAL FAMILIES s RURAL FINANCE s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INCOMES s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL POPULATIONS s RURAL POVERTY s RURAL PRODUCERS s RURAL REGIONS s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NET PROGRAMS s SAFETY NET SYSTEM s SAFETY NETS s SAVINGS s SCHOOL ENROLLMENT s SCHOOL ENROLLMENTS s SCHOOL FEEDING s SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMS s SCHOOL LUNCHES s SCHOOLING s SHOCK s SOCIAL ACTION s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL CONTRACT s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOCIAL PROGRAMS s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SAFETY NET s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOCIAL SERVICES s SOCIAL WELFARE s SUPPORT PROGRAM s TARGETING s TARGETING MECHANISMS s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT s TRANSFER PROGRAM s TRANSIENT POOR s TRANSIENT SHOCKS s UNEMPLOYMENT s VOUCHERS s VULNERABLE AREAS s VULNERABLE CHILDREN s VULNERABLE GROUPS s VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS s VULNERABLE POPULATIONS s WORK PROGRAMS s WORKS PROGRAM English en_US In 2010, the World Bank initiated a technical assistance program in social protection with the Government of Senegal, with a focus on safety nets. The World Bank and the government identified a number of technical notes and training sessions tailored to the immediate needs of the government. This Senegal safety net assessment integrates and summarizes the content of these technical notes. Poverty is a serious concern in the country, with the economy displaying significant vulnerabilities. While the government has been quick to respond to past crises, some of the measures taken by the government have had certain drawbacks. Also, factors such as poorly targeted support and rising prices have detracted from the efforts taken by the government. A well designed and implemented national safety net system is thus of utmost importance. This document examines the various factors involved in the creation and implementation of a well-designed safety net system for Senegal 40 17-11-21 00:19:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875120 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17575 Volltext, Open Access

1759730572

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730572 OCoLC 1255604326 WBOKR 17567 EBP 064559181 KEP 064559181 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17567 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Below the Glass Floor Analytical Review of Expenditure by Provincial Administrations on Rural Health from Health Function Grants and Provincial Internal Revenue World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Papua New Guinea s BIRTH ATTENDANT s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s CENTRAL ADMINISTRATION s CENTRAL AGENCIES s CENTRAL BUDGET s CLINICS s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY HEALTH s COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKER s COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS s DECENTRALIZATION s DISTRICT s DISTRICT HEADQUARTERS s DISTRICT HEALTH s DISTRICT LEVEL s DISTRICT LEVELS s DISTRICT STAFF s DISTRICTS s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURE DATA s EXPENDITURE ESTIMATES s FAMILY PLANNING s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FISCAL IMPACT s FISCAL POLICY s FUNDING MECHANISMS s HEALTH CENTERS s HEALTH COSTS s HEALTH EXPENDITURE s HEALTH FACILITIES s HEALTH FINANCING s HEALTH PROFESSIONALS s HEALTH PROVIDERS s HEALTH SECTOR s HEALTH SERVICE s HEALTH SERVICE DELIVERY s HEALTH SERVICES s HEALTH SPECIALIST s HEALTH SYSTEM s HOSPITALS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HYGIENE s IMMUNIZATION s IMPROVEMENTS IN HEALTH s INCOME s LARGE PROVINCE s LARGE PROVINCES s LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT s LIFE EXPECTANCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MEDICAL CARE s MEDICAL EQUIPMENT s MEDICAL SUPPLIES s MEDICINES s MOBILE CLINICS s MORTALITY s NGOS s NURSING s NUTRITION s OUTREACH WORK s PATIENT s PATIENTS s POLICY DECISIONS s PRIMARY HEALTH CARE s PROVINCE s PROVINCES s PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATION s PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATIONS s PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATORS s PROVINCIAL BUDGET s PROVINCIAL CAPITAL s PROVINCIAL EXPENDITURE s PROVINCIAL FISCAL s PROVINCIAL FISCAL CAPACITY s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT s PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS s PROVINCIAL HOSPITAL s PROVINCIAL LEVEL s PROVINCIAL SPENDING s PROVINCIAL STAFF s PROVINCIAL SUPPORT s PROVINCIAL TREASURIES s PROVINCIAL TREASURY s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT PROGRAM s REGIONAL DISPARITY s REHABILITATION s REVENUE BUDGET s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITY s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SUB-NATIONAL s TAX s TUBERCULOSIS s VILLAGE s VILLAGES s WORKERS English en_US Below the glass floor is a report that explores the impact of recent increases in operational function grant funding to provinces to support rural health service delivery. It seeks to identify what expenditure provinces have made to support and enable key front line service delivery activities such as; facility operations, patrols, medical supply distribution, emergency patient transfer, rural water supply and facility supervision. This top down trend analysis seeks to identify whether spending has been made in these areas as a first step in understanding the effectiveness of the governments' financial arrangements. The next step is to triangulate the findings using field-based research that assesses what impact the funding is having at the facility level 40 17-11-21 00:19:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875139 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17567 Volltext, Open Access

1759730580

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730580 OCoLC 1255604367 WBOKR 17577 EBP 064559173 KEP 064559173 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17577 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rapid Damage and Loss Assessment December 24-25, 2013 Floods Government of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean St. Vincent and the Grenadines s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AIR s AIRPORT s AIRPORTS s ATLANTIC HURRICANE s BUILDING CODES s CARS s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONVECTION s COST OF TRANSPORT s CROSSINGS s DAMAGE ASSESSMENT s DAMAGE FIGURE s DAMAGED HOUSES s DAMAGES s DECLARATION s DENGUE s DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATIONS s DIESEL s DISASTER s DISASTER EVENTS s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISASTER MONITORING s DISASTER PLAN s DISASTER REDUCTION s DISASTER RESPONSE s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTERS s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DRAINAGE s EARLY WARNING s EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS s ELECTRICITY s EMBANKMENTS s EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE s EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EMERGENCY SHELTERS s ENGINEERING s ENGINEERING STUDIES s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s FARMERS s FLOOD s FLOOD DAMAGE s FLOOD DAMAGES s FLOOD PLAINS s FLOODING s FLOODS s FOOD SECURITY s FOSSIL FUEL s FUEL s FUEL COSTS s FUELS s GENERATOR s HEAVY RAINFALL s HYDROLOGY s INFRASTRUCTURE DAMAGE s INSPECTION s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT s LAND USE s LAND-USE PLANNING s LANDSLIDE s LANDSLIDES s MASS s METEOROLOGICAL OFFICE s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s NATIONAL EMERGENCY s NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE s NATIONAL PARKS s NATURAL DISASTER s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARDS s PIPELINES s PIPES s POPULATION DENSITY s PORT FACILITIES s POWER GENERATION s RECONSTRUCTION s RELIEF s RESCUE s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK REDUCTION s RIVERS s ROAD s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SYSTEM s ROADS s ROUTES s RUNOFF s RUNWAY s SANDBAGS s SANITATION s SAVINGS s SITUATION REPORT s SITUATION REPORTS s STRUCTURES s TAX s TEMPORARY HOUSING s THUNDERSTORM s TRAFFIC s TRAILS s TRANSIT s TRANSPORT ACCESS s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM s TRUCKS s VEHICLE s VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS s VOLCANO s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER SUPPLY s WEIRS s WIDENING English en_US On 24th and 25th December, 2013 a tropical trough system produced heavy rains in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG). The ensuing rapid and intense flash flooding resulted in severe damage and 9 confirmed deaths with 3 persons still missing. Additionally, there was widespread damage to road infrastructure, electricity and water infrastructure, housing as well as public and private buildings. This report serves as a reminder and proof of the Government (Go) SVG's resolve and commitment to risk reduction as well as the well-being of people. The GoSVG recognizes the necessity to better understand the climate and disaster risk context, and do best to reduce this risk and improve resilience across all sectors. On December 26, 2013, the GoSVG declared a national level two disaster in accordance with the National Emergency and Disaster Management Act, 2006. This report provides a rapid damage and loss assessment of the sectors affected - with a particular focus on infrastructure damage in order to inform the GoSVG's recovery, reconstruction, and financial planning. It also includes short and medium term recommendations designed to further incorporate disaster risk reduction and management into land use and physical planning decision-making processes so that the authors continue to develop into a country that is more resilient to natural disasters and climate change 40 17-11-21 00:19:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875147 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17577 Volltext, Open Access

1759730599

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:42.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730599 OCoLC 1255604328 WBOKR 17578 EBP 064559165 KEP 064559165 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17578 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO South Africa Economic Update Focus on Export Competitiveness World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource South Africa economic update issue no. 5 Africa South Africa s ACCOUNTING s ADVANCED ECONOMIES s ADVERSE SHOCKS s AGRICULTURE s ANNUAL GROWTH s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANKING SECTOR s BASIS POINTS s BASKET OF GOODS s BILATERAL TRADE s BILL s BONDS s BUDGET DEFICIT s BUSINESS CONFIDENCE s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL OUTFLOW s CAPITAL OUTFLOWS s CAPITAL OUTLAYS s CAPITAL STOCK s COMMODITY MARKETS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITION POLICY s COMPETITIVENESS s CONFIDENCE INDEX s CONSOLIDATION s CONSUMER CONFIDENCE s CONSUMER DURABLES s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION s CONSUMERS s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CONSUMPTION SPENDING s CORE INFLATION s CREDIT MARKET s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCES s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS s CUSTOMS UNION s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DECELERATION IN GROWTH s DEFLATION s DEPRECIATION s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DISCOURAGED WORKERS s DISTORTIONS s DIVERSIFIED EXPORT BASE s DIVERSIFIED MARKETS s DOMESTIC BOND s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC ECONOMY s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DOMESTIC PRICE s DOMESTIC PRICE LEVELS s DOMESTIC PRICES s DOMESTIC SAVINGS s DOWNWARD PRESSURE s DRAG ON GROWTH s DURABLE s DURABLE GOODS s ECONOMIC COOPERATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE s ECONOMIC RESEARCH s EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATES s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKETS s ENTRY BARRIERS s EQUIPMENT s EQUITIES s EQUITY MARKETS s EXCESS CAPACITY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENTS s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPORT CAPACITY s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT MARKET s EXPORT MARKETS s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORT VOLUME s EXPORT VOLUMES s EXPORTER s EXPORTERS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL DEMAND s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FISCAL POLICY s FIXED CAPITAL s FIXED COSTS s FOOD PRICES s FORECASTS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s GDP PER CAPITA s GLOBAL MARKET s GLOBAL MARKETS s GOVERNMENT DEFICITS s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT POLICY s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GRAVITY MODEL s GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION s GROWTH PERFORMANCE s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMBALANCES s IMPORT s IMPORT COSTS s IMPORT DEMAND s IMPORT GROWTH s IMPORTS s INCOME s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL FLOWS s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT GOODS s INVESTMENT LEVELS s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTMENT RISK s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR MARKETS s LOCAL MARKETS s LOOSE MONETARY POLICY s MARKET COMPETITION s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET PRICES s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SHARES s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MULTIPLIER EFFECT s MUTUAL FUNDS s NATIONAL TREASURY s NET DEBT s NET EXPORTS s NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE s OIL PRICES s OUTPUT GAP s OUTTURN s OUTTURNS s PER CAPITA INCOME s POLICY RESPONSES s POPULATION GROWTH s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO CAPITAL s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE LEVELS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENTS s REAL EXPORT s REAL EXPORT GROWTH s REAL GDP s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATES s RECESSION s REGIONAL MARKET s REGIONAL MARKETS s RESERVE s RESERVE BANK s RETURN s RETURNS s SHORT-TERM CAPITAL s SLOWDOWN s STANDARD DEVIATION s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKETS s SUPPLY-SIDE s TAX s TAX INCENTIVE s TAX REVENUES s TOTAL EXPORTS s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE AGREEMENTS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE COMPETITIVENESS s TRADE DATA s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE LAW s TRADE LIBERALIZATION s TRADE PATTERNS s TRADE POLICY s TRADE STATISTICS s TRADING s TRADING PARTNERS s TRANSACTION s TREASURIES s TROUGH s UNCERTAINTY s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s VALUE ADDED s WAGES s WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS English en_US In its National Development Plan 2030 and its New Growth Path (2011), South Africa identifies the export sector as an engine for faster, more inclusive, and job-intensive growth. The National Development Plan is targeting export volume growth of 6 percent a year, to achieve an annual increase in real Gross Domestic Product, or GDP growth of about 5.5 percent and to help generate 11 million new jobs by 2030. Despite successes in some subsectors, South Africa will need to greatly improve its export performance to meet these targets. The report highlights opportunities for growth, particularly with Sub-Saharan Africa being the largest market for non-mineral exports. It also explores strategic directions that can ignite export growth and help South Africa realize its goals of creating jobs and reducing poverty and inequality 40 17-11-21 00:19:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875155 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17578 Volltext, Open Access

1759730602

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730602 OCoLC 1255604381 WBOKR 17596 EBP 064559157 KEP 064559157 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17596 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Uzbekistan Energy/Power Sector Issues Note Iskander Buranov VerfasserIn aut Joshua Finn VerfasserIn aut Denzel Hankinson VerfasserIn aut Kathrin Hofer VerfasserIn aut Sunil Kumar Khosla VerfasserIn aut Artur Kochnakyan VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Uzbekistan s AIR s AIR TEMPERATURE s APPROACH s AVAILABILITY s AVIATION FUEL s BALANCE s BARREL OF OIL s BARRELS OF OIL s BIOMASS s BOILER s BOILER HOUSE s CARBON s CARBON CAPTURE s CEMENT s CERTIFIED EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS s CHEMICAL INDUSTRY s CHEMICAL PLANTS s CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISMS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CO2 s COAL s COAL COMPANY s COAL CONSUMPTION s COAL EXPORTS s COAL INDUSTRY s COAL MINING s COAL PLANTS s COAL PRODUCTION s COAL RESERVES s COAL RESOURCES s COLORS s CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS s COOLING SYSTEMS s CRUDE OIL s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DEMAND FORECAST s DIESEL s DISTRIBUTION LOSSES s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICITY s DISTRIBUTION PIPELINES s DISTRICT HEATING s DOMESTIC ENERGY s DOMESTIC GAS s DOMESTIC OIL s DOMESTIC SUPPLY s EFFICIENCY POTENTIAL s EFFICIENT USE s EFFICIENT USE OF ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION MIX s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SAVINGS s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY TARIFF s ELECTRICITY TARIFFS s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS s END-USE s END-USERS s ENERGY BALANCE s ENERGY COSTS s ENERGY DEFICITS s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES s ENERGY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES s ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE s ENERGY INTENSITY s ENERGY INTENSIVE s ENERGY NEEDS s ENERGY RESERVES s ENERGY REVIEW s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY USE s ENERGY-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s EVAPORATION s EXCESS ELECTRICITY s FLOODS s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUEL RESERVES s FOSSIL FUELS s FUEL FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION s FUEL OIL s FUEL SUPPLY s GAS s GAS FIELDS s GAS FLARING s GAS FLARING REDUCTION s GAS PIPELINES s GAS PROCESSING PLANTS s GAS PRODUCER s GAS PRODUCTION s GAS RESERVES s GAS RESOURCES s GAS SECTOR s GAS SECTORS s GAS SUPPLY s GAS TRANSMISSION s GAS TURBINE s GASOLINE s GENERATING CAPACITY s GENERATION CAPACITY s GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY s GLACIERS s GRID ELECTRICITY s HEAT s HEAT DEMAND s HEAVY OIL s HEAVY RELIANCE s HYDRO POWER s HYDROLOGY s HYDROPOWER s HYDROPOWER PLANT s IMPROVEMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY s IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY s INCOME s INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY s KILOWATT-HOUR s LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS s LOW THERMAL EFFICIENCY s METALS s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS PRODUCTION s NATURAL GAS RESOURCES s NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION s NEGATIVE IMPACTS s NUCLEAR ENERGY s OIL s OIL CONSUMPTION s OIL EQUIVALENT s OIL EXPLORATION s OIL FIELDS s OIL IMPORTS s OIL OUTPUT s OIL PIPELINE s OIL PIPELINES s OIL PRODUCTION s OIL PRODUCTS s OIL REFINERIES s OIL RESERVES s OIL RESOURCES s OILS s PEAK DEMAND s PEAK LOAD s PEAK TIMES s PER CAPITA INCOME s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM GAS s PIPELINE s PLANT OPERATIONS s POWER s POWER CRISIS s POWER GENERATION s POWER GRID s POWER PLANT s POWER PRODUCER s POWER SECTOR s POWER SHORTAGES s POWER SUPPLY s POWER SYSTEM s POWER SYSTEMS s PRECIPITATION s PRICE ELASTICITY s PRIMARY ENERGY s PRIMARY ENERGY RESOURCES s PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY s PRIMARY FUEL s PRIMARY SOURCES s PRODUCTION OF COAL s PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBONS s PROVEN RESERVES s RAINFALL s RELIABILITY OF SUPPLY s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIAL s RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES s RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES s RESIDENTIAL CONSUMERS s RESIDENTIAL DEMAND s RETAIL ELECTRICITY s SMALL HYDROPOWER s SOLAR ENERGY s SOLAR PROJECTS s SOLVENTS s SPACE HEATING s SULPHUR s SUPPLY COSTS s SUPPLY OF ELECTRICITY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TARIFF STRUCTURE s THERMAL PLANTS s THERMAL POWER s THERMAL POWER PLANT s THERMAL POWER PLANTS s TRANSMISSION CAPACITY s TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSMISSION LINES s TRANSMISSION SYSTEM s TRANSPORT SECTOR s UNDERGROUND GAS STORAGE s UNDERGROUND STORAGE s UTILITIES s VEHICLES s VOLTAGE s WHOLESALE PRICES s WIND s WIND POWER s WORLD ENERGY pha English en_US This note focuses on the energy and power sector in Uzbekistan with the purpose of identifying some of the key issues faced by the sector and outlining potential solutions. In particular, the note aims to inform the Government thinking by providing input on priorities in the sector. The note also outlines potential solutions the Government may want to consider to address the identified challenges in the short and longer time and highlights the areas where the Government can start acting immediately. The analysis is based on the information and data provided by the Government during preparation of the Bank's investment lending operations, other analytical work as well as data/information collected from public sources. The note is structured as follows: section one discusses the importance of the energy sector to the economy and provides an overview of the sector. Section two provides a more detailed overview of the power sector. Section three identifies the principal challenges in the power sector. Section four proposes potential solutions to address these challenges. Finally, section five outlines a potential role for the World Bank in supporting the Government to address power sector challenges 40 17-11-21 00:19:18.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875163 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17596 Volltext, Open Access

1759730610

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730610 OCoLC 1255604382 WBOKR 17593 EBP 064559149 KEP 064559149 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17593 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO East Asia and the Pacific Region Urban Sanitation Review Philippines Country Study World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Philippines s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACTIVATED SLUDGE s ACTIVATED SLUDGE TREATMENT s ADEQUATE SANITATION s AQUACULTURE s BENEFITS OF SANITATION s BILLING s BOD s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CLEAN WATER s CLEAN WATER ACT s COMBINED SEWERAGE s COMBINED SEWERS s COMMUNITY SANITATION s CONCESSION AGREEMENT s CONCESSION CONTRACT s CONNECTION s CONNECTION FEE s CONSTRUCTION s COST RECOVERY s DESLUDGING s DOMESTIC WASTEWATER s DOMESTIC WATER s DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY s DRAINAGE s DRAINS s EFFECTIVE SANITATION s EFFICIENCY OF SERVICE s EFFICIENCY OF SERVICE DELIVERY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXCRETA s EXCRETA DISPOSAL s FECAL COLIFORM s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FINANCING WATER SUPPLY s FLOOD CONTROL s GOVERNANCE ARRANGEMENTS s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s GROUNDWATER s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN WASTE s HYGIENE s INADEQUATE SANITATION s INFILTRATION s INVESTMENT COSTS s IRRIGATION s LARGE CITIES s LEACHATE s LEACHATE TREATMENT s LEAKS s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL WATER s LOCAL WATER BODIES s LOCAL WATER UTILITIES s LOW INCOME AREAS s METROPOLITAN WATERWORKS s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES s OPERATION OF WATER SUPPLY s OPERATIONAL COSTS s ORGANIC LOAD s OUTFALLS s OXYGEN s OXYGEN DEMAND s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PLUMBING s POLLUTION s PRIVATE COMPANIES s PRIVATE PARTICIPATION s PROVINCIAL WATER s PROVINCIAL WATER UTILITIES s PROVISION OF WATER s PROVISION OF WATER SUPPLY s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY OF WATER s QUALITY WATER s RECEIVING WATERS s REGULATORY AGENCY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY SYSTEMS s RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER s RIVERS s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s RURAL WATER SUPPLY ASSOCIATIONS s SANITARY INSPECTORS s SANITATION ACTIVITIES s SANITATION BOARD s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION DEVELOPMENT s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION INTERVENTIONS s SANITATION INVESTMENT s SANITATION MASTER PLANS s SANITATION OPERATIONS s SANITATION POLICIES s SANITATION PRACTICES s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROGRAMS s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICE PROVIDERS s SANITATION SERVICE PROVISION s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION SYSTEMS s SANITATION TECHNOLOGY s SCREENS s SEPARATE SEWERAGE s SEPARATED SEWERAGE s SEPTIC TANK s SEPTIC TANK EFFLUENT s SEPTIC TANK EMPTYING s SEPTIC TANKS s SERVICE CONNECTIONS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE IMPROVEMENTS s SERVICE OPERATORS s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVISION s SEWAGE s SEWAGE TREATMENT s SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITIES s SEWER SYSTEM s SEWER SYSTEMS s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE AUTHORITY s SEWERAGE COLLECTION s SEWERAGE CONNECTIONS s SEWERAGE SERVICE s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s SLUDGE s SOILS s SOLID WASTE s STATUS OF SANITATION s STORM WATER s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATER SOURCES s SUSTAINABLE SANITATION s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TARIFF ADJUSTMENT s TARIFF POLICIES s TARIFF POLICY s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TOILET s TOILETS s TOWN s TOWN CENTER s TOWNS s TREATMENT FACILITIES s TREATMENT PLANT s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN HOUSEHOLDS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN SERVICES s URBAN SEWERAGE s URBAN WASTEWATER s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s WASTES s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER DISPOSAL s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT INFRASTRUCTURE s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM s WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS s WASTEWATERS s WATER BODIES s WATER COMPANY s WATER CONNECTIONS s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DISTRICT s WATER DISTRICTS s WATER POLLUTION s WATER PRODUCTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY MONITORING s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SECTOR s WATER SECTOR REFORM s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICES s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER SYSTEM s WATER TARIFF s WATER TARIFFS English This Philippines country study forms part of the East Asia and the Pacific region urban sanitation review that focuses on three of the emerging middle income countries of East Asia: Indonesia, Philippines, and Vietnam. The regional review aims to develop a strategic framework to help guide national urban sanitation programs and their implementation in these emerging middle income countries. This country study contributed to the regional review by providing important information on sector operations in the Philippines. The development of urban sanitation in the Philippines needs to be considered in the context of the different situations in Metro Manila and the other parts of the country. The case studies for some urban areas were prepared to see how sanitation operations are carried out in the Philippines and a consultative workshop was held on February 19, 2013 in Manila. The findings of the Philippines country study are briefly presented which complements the findings of the regional report 40 17-11-21 00:19:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875171 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17593 Volltext, Open Access

1759730629

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730629 OCoLC 1255604300 WBOKR 17573 EBP 064559130 KEP 064559130 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17573 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Romania Urban Sector Rapid Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s AIR s AIR CONDITIONING s AIR QUALITY s ALTERNATIVE FUELS s ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORT s AMBIENT TEMPERATURES s ANAEROBIC DIGESTION s ASSESSMENTS OF CLIMATE IMPACTS s ATMOSPHERE s AWARENESS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s BASELINE EMISSIONS s BOILERS s BRIDGE s BUS s BUS SYSTEM s BUSES s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAR s CAR MODE SHARE s CAR OWNERSHIP s CAR OWNERSHIP RATES s CAR USAGE s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON MITIGATION s CARS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE ACTION s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE ACT s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION STRATEGY s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS s CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE CHANGE PROGRAM s CLIMATE EXTREMES s CLIMATE MITIGATION s CLIMATE MITIGATION ACTIONS s CLIMATE MODELS s CLIMATE POLICY s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s CLIMATE RISK s CLIMATE RISKS s CLIMATE STRATEGY s CLIMATE-CHANGE s CLIMATOLOGY s CO s CO2 s COMPOSTING s CONGESTION PROBLEMS s COST ESTIMATES s CYCLE TRACKS s CYCLISTS s DEMAND REDUCTION s DISTRICT HEATING s DOMESTIC TRANSPORT s DRIVERS s DRIVING s DROUGHT s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY s EFFICIENCY GAINS s EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s ELDERLY PEOPLE s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EMISSION s EMISSION CUTS s EMISSION LEVELS s EMISSION PROFILE s EMISSION REDUCTIONS s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS DATA s EMISSIONS FROM CARS s EMISSIONS FROM ROAD s EMISSIONS FROM ROAD TRAFFIC s EMISSIONS REDUCTION s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE s ENERGY POLICIES s ENERGY POLICY s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EVAPOTRANSPIRATION s EXTREME HEAT s EXTREME HEAT EVENTS s EXTREME RAINFALL s EXTREME RAINFALL EVENTS s FEASIBILITY s FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FLOODS s FOREST s FOREST FIRES s FORESTS s FOSSIL FUELS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FREE MARKET s FREIGHT s FROST s FUEL s FUEL SWITCHING s FUEL USE s GAS PRICES s GASEOUS EMISSIONS s GHG s GLOBAL CLIMATE s GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE s GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTIONS s GROWTH IN ELECTRICITY DEMAND s HAIL s HEATING SYSTEMS s HEAVY VEHICLES s HIGH TEMPERATURES s IMPACT OF CLIMATE s IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s INCOME s INTENSE RAINFALL s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY s LAND USE s LAND USE PATTERNS s LANDFILL s LANDFILLS s LOCAL CLIMATE s LOCAL RAIL s LOCAL TRANSPORT s LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN s LOW-CARBON s LOWER CARBON EMISSIONS s MARKET ECONOMY s MASS TRANSIT s METEOROLOGY s METHANE s METHANE EMISSIONS s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MODAL SPLIT s MODES OF TRANSPORT s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS PRICE s NEIGHBORHOODS s NITROGEN s NITROGEN OXIDES s NOX s ORGANIC WASTE s PASSENGERS s PEDESTRIAN s PEDESTRIANS s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PHOTOVOLTAICS s POLLUTION s POPULATION DENSITY s POWER GENERATION s POWER SECTOR s POWER SUPPLY s PRECIPITATION s PRIVATE AUTOMOBILES s PRIVATE VEHICLE s PRIVATE VEHICLE OWNERSHIP s PRIVATE VEHICLES s PUBLIC STREET s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s PUBLIC UTILITIES s RADIATION s RAIL s RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE s RAIL STATIONS s RAILWAY s RAILWAY LINES s RAINFALL s RAPID TRANSIT s RECYCLABLE WASTE s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RIDERS s RIDERSHIP s ROAD s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD USERS s ROADS s ROUTE s SAFETY s SANITARY LANDFILLS s SEA LEVEL RISE s SO2 s STREET LIGHTING s SULFUR s SULFUR DIOXIDE s TAXIS s TEMPERATURE s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAFFIC FLOW s TRAFFIC RESTRAINT s TRAINS s TRAM s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT EMISSIONS s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT INVESTMENT s TRANSPORT PLANNING s TRANSPORT PROBLEMS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORTATION s TROLLEYBUSES s URBAN CLIMATE CHANGE s URBAN MOBILITY s URBAN PLANNERS s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBAN TRANSPORT POLICIES s URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s VEHICLE s VEHICLE FLEET s VEHICLE REPLACEMENT s VEHICLES s WALKING s WATER QUALITY English en_US Cities have long held a central place of importance in society as hubs of commerce, culture, and political power. Because of climate change, however, the clustering together of large numbers of people and high levels of economic activity also creates vulnerabilities. In Romania, where the urbanization rate is roughly 55 percent, the Government of Romania has commissioned this advisory services report from the World Bank to explore how to operationalize an urban climate strategy within the structure of the European Union's new 2014-2020 operating program. This report presents the results for the rapid assessment of the current state of (and opportunities for improved) urban climate planning in Romania; what is known about how cities in Romania contribute to climate change; and how cities in Romania will be affected by climate change. To complete this rapid assessment, the World Bank team relied on an extensive literature review and in-person, semi-structured interviews with more than two dozen central and local government officials, private sector experts, academics, and civil society organizations knowledgeable about climate change topics in Romania. The depth of this rapid assessment was necessarily limited by the short time frame available to carry out the research, and by data gaps on local climate planning activities, local greenhouse gas (GHG) emission levels, and the climate risks faced by cities around Romania 40 17-11-21 00:19:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987518X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17573 Volltext, Open Access

1759730637

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730637 OCoLC 1255604402 WBOKR 17572 EBP 064559122 KEP 064559122 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17572 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Romania Transport Sector Rapid Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s ABSORPTION s ACCESS ROADS s ACCESSIBILITY s AFFORDABLE TRANSPORT s AIR s AIR CONDITIONING s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s AIR TRANSPORT s AIRPORT s AIRPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s AIRPORTS s ALTERNATIVE FUELS s BORDER CROSSING s BRIDGE s BUS s BUSES s CALCULATION s CAR s CAR DEPENDENCY s CAR TRAVEL s CAR USERS s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON EMISSIONS s CARBON FUELS s CARBON TRADING s CARBON TRANSPORT s CARS s CLEAN AIR s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CO s CO2 s COMMUTERS s CONVERGENCE s COORDINATION OF TRANSPORT s CORRIDOR INFRASTRUCTURE s COSTS OF TRANSPORT s CULVERTS s DIESEL s DIESEL BUSES s DIESEL ENGINES s DOMESTIC AIR TRANSPORT s DOMESTIC TRANSPORT s DRAINAGE s DRIVERS s DROUGHT s ECOSYSTEM s EFFICIENT TRANSPORT s EFFICIENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM s ELECTRONIC ROAD PRICING s EMISSION s EMISSION GROWTH s EMISSION INTENSITY s EMISSION TRADING s EMISSION TRADING SYSTEM s EMISSIONS GROWTH s EMISSIONS TARGETS s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s EXTERNALITIES s FATALITIES s FLOODS s FREIGHT s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s GASOLINE s GHG s GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORT s GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTION s HEAVY VEHICLE s HIGH OCCUPANCY TOLL s HIGH OCCUPANCY VEHICLE s HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE s INFRASTRUCTURE DAMAGE s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS s INFRASTRUCTURES s INLAND WATERWAY s INLAND WATERWAY TRANSPORT s INLAND WATERWAYS s INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s INTERCITY PASSENGER s INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT s INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT s IPCC s JOURNEYS s LAND TRANSPORT s LAND USE s LIGHT RAPID TRANSIT s LOCAL AIR POLLUTION s LOCAL RAIL s LOCAL TRANSPORT s LOW CARBON ECONOMY s LOW-CARBON s MARITIME TRANSPORT s MASS TRANSIT s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MODAL SHARE s MODAL SHIFT s MODES OF TRANSPORT s MOTORWAYS s MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT s NATIONAL TRANSPORT s NATIONAL TRANSPORT MODEL s NATURAL GAS s NOISE s PARTICLES s PASSENGER TRANSPORT s PEDESTRIAN s PORT FACILITIES s PRECIPITATION s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES s RAIL s RAIL ACCESS s RAIL CONNECTIONS s RAIL FREIGHT s RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE s RAIL NETWORK s RAIL OPERATORS s RAIL PROJECTS s RAIL SECTOR s RAIL STATIONS s RAIL TRAFFIC s RAIL TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s RAIL TRANSPORT s RAIL TRAVEL s RAILWAY s RAILWAY COMPANIES s RAILWAY LINES s RAILWAY NETWORK s RAILWAY SECTOR s RAILWAYS s RAINFALL s RAPID TRANSIT s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RETROFITTING s RIDERSHIP s ROAD s ROAD ACCIDENTS s ROAD CONGESTION s ROAD DESIGN s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD PRICING s ROAD PROJECTS s ROAD SAFETY s ROAD SECTOR s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD USER s ROADS s ROLLING STOCK s RURAL ROADS s SPEEDS s SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY s SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT s TEMPERATURE s TOTAL EMISSIONS s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRAFFIC SAFETY s TRAINS s TRAM s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT ACTIVITIES s TRANSPORT DECISIONS s TRANSPORT DEMAND s TRANSPORT EMISSIONS s TRANSPORT IMPROVEMENT s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT INVESTMENT s TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT s TRANSPORT MEASURES s TRANSPORT MODE s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT NETWORK s TRANSPORT PLANNING s TRANSPORT POLICIES s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT POLICY GOALS s TRANSPORT PROJECTS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICE s TRANSPORT SERVICE PROVISION s TRANSPORT SPECIALISTS s TRANSPORT STRATEGIES s TRANSPORT STRATEGY s TRANSPORT STUDIES s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION s TRANSPORTATION AGENCIES s TRANSPORTATION DECISION s TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORTATION PLANNING s TRANSPORTATION PROFESSIONALS s TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM s TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS s TRANSPORTS s TRAVEL TIMES s TRIP s TRUCKS s TUNNELS s URBAN MOBILITY s URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT s URBAN SECTOR s URBAN TRAFFIC s URBAN TRAFFIC CONGESTION s URBAN TRANSPORT s VEHICLE s VEHICLE EFFICIENCY s VEHICLE OWNERSHIP s VEHICLE QUOTA SYSTEM s VEHICLES s WALKING English en_US The Europe 2020 strategy and the legislative package from the European commission provide European Union (EU) member states a framework and means for moving towards a greener and more competitive low carbon economy that makes efficient use of resources and is resilient to climate risk. The integration of both mitigation and adaptation actions into Romania's national policies, programs, and strategies will be a critical step in shifting its development path towards a climate resilient, low carbon, and green economy. In this context, the Government of Romania has requested the World Bank to provide advisory services on climate change, including operationalizing its national climate change strategy and action plan, identifying and integrating climate-related actions in new operational programs, building a solid analytical base for impact assessment and climate-related decision making, and enhancing climate-friendly practices and monitoring system. This report is a deliverable under component B of the advisory services; support the preparation of the climate change-related actions under the 2014-2020 operational programs. This report presents the results of the rapid assessment process for the transport sector. This includes both general transports (which previously fed into the sector operational program for transport (SOP-T) and urban transport (which previously fed into the regional operational program (ROP) 40 17-11-21 00:19:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875198 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17572 Volltext, Open Access

1759730645

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730645 OCoLC 1255604365 WBOKR 17569 EBP 064559114 KEP 064559114 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17569 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Romania Integrated Water Resources Rapid Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s AGRICULTURE s ALGAL BLOOMS s ANNUAL PRECIPITATION s AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS s AQUIFER s AQUIFERS s ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE s ASSESSMENT REPORTS s AVAILABLE WATER s AVAILABLE WATER RESOURCES s CATCHMENT s CATCHMENTS s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGES s COASTAL AREAS s COASTAL WATERS s CONSTRUCTION s CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES s CONVEYANCE s CUBIC METER s CUBIC METERS s DAMS s DISCHARGE s DISSOLVED OXYGEN s DOMESTIC USE s DOMESTIC WATER s DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SUPPLIES s DROUGHT s DROUGHT CONDITIONS s ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EROSION s EUTROPHICATION s FISHERIES s FLOOD CONTROL s FLOOD EVENTS s FLOOD FORECASTING s FLOOD FREQUENCY s FLOOD MANAGEMENT s FLOOD PROTECTION s FLOOD RISK s FLOODING s FLOODS s FOREST s FORESTS s GAS s GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION s GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS s GRAVITY s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER TABLE s GROUNDWATER USE s GROUNDWATER WELLS s HABITATS s HYDROLOGY s HYDROPOWER CAPACITY s HYDROPOWER POTENTIAL s HYDROPOWER PRODUCTION s INDUSTRIAL WATER s INDUSTRIAL WATER SUPPLY s IRRIGATION s IRRIGATION SYSTEMS s LAKES s LAND USE s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s MANAGING WATER RESOURCES s MARINE ENVIRONMENT s METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS s METERING s MITIGATION s MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY s MUNICIPALITIES s NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s NATURAL RESOURCES s ORGANIC MATTER s PERMITTING PROCESS s PIPELINE s POLLUTANTS s POLLUTION s PRECIPITATION EVENTS s PRECIPITATION INTENSITY s PROVISION OF WATER s PROVISION OF WATER SUPPLY s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUMPING s PUMPS s QUALITY STANDARDS s RAINFALL s REGIONAL CLIMATE s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s RESERVOIR s RESERVOIRS s RESOURCE CONSERVATION s RIVER s RIVER BASIN s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLAN s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLANS s RIVER BASINS s RIVER SYSTEM s RIVERS s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE POTABLE WATER s SANITATION s SANITATION SERVICES s SERVICE PROVISION s SEWER SYSTEMS s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SMALL COMMUNITIES s SNOW s SOIL MOISTURE s STATISTICAL METHODS s STORAGE CAPACITY s STORMWATER s SURFACE AREA s SURFACE FLOW s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATER BODIES s SURFACE WATER RESOURCES s SURFACE WATERS s THERMAL POWER s UPLANDS s URBAN AREAS s VEGETATION s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER REUSE s WASTEWATER SUPPLY s WASTEWATER SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS s WATER ALLOCATION s WATER ASSOCIATION s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DELIVERY SYSTEMS s WATER DEMAND s WATER DEMAND MANAGEMENT s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS s WATER FLOWS s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER NETWORKS s WATER POLLUTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY DEGRADATION s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PLANS s WATER RESOURCES PLANNING s WATER REUSE s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SECTOR s WATER SECTOR INVESTMENTS s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCE PROTECTION s WATER SOURCES s WATER STORAGE s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER TRANSFERS s WATER TREATMENT PLANT s WATER USERS s WATER USES s WATER UTILITIES s WATERWAYS s WAVES s WELLS s WETLAND s WETLANDS English en_US The purpose of this report is to assess the climate change impacts on water resources in Romania from an integrated, multi-sectoral perspective, and to recommend priority actions for addressing the identified risks and opportunities. The analysis is presented from an integrated water resources perspective, thereby including all pertinent water-related sectors, viz. municipal water supply and sanitation, industrial water supply, agriculture, energy generation, environment, and disaster management. More details on specific water-related aspects can be found in the companion rapid assessment reports for the energy, urban, and agricultural and rural development sectors. The recommended priority actions are presented in the context of consideration for possible financing under the operational programs funded by the European Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF) in 2014-2020 planning horizon. This analysis is based on the available information on the current status of water resources sector in Romania, along with the existing knowledge on the anticipated impacts of climate change in this sector 40 17-11-21 00:19:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875201 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17569 Volltext, Open Access

1759730653

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730653 OCoLC 1255602728 WBOKR 17603 EBP 064559106 KEP 064559106 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17603 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Romania Energy Sector Rapid Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s ACCESS TO FINANCING s AIR s ALLOCATION s ALTERNATIVE SCENARIOS s APPROACH s BIOGAS s BIOMASS s CALCULATION s CAPACITY FACTOR s CAPITAL COSTS s CARBON s CARBON CAPTURE s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON ENERGY s CARBON FOOTPRINT s CARBON INTENSITY s CARBON MARKET s CARBON PRICES s CARBON SOURCES s CARBONIZATION s CHEMICAL INDUSTRY s CHEMICALS s CLEAN ENERGY s CLEANER ENERGY s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY s CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY s CLIMATE POLICY s CO s CO2 s COAL s COAL PRODUCTION s COAL UNITS s COGENERATION s COMBUSTION s CONDITIONERS s CONSUMPTION PATTERNS s COST ESTIMATES s COST OF ELECTRICITY s COST OF ENERGY s COSTS OF ELECTRICITY s CYCLE POWER PLANTS s DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY s DEMAND FORECAST s DISTRIBUTION LOSSES s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DISTRICT HEAT s DISTRICT HEATING s DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEM s DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS s DOMESTIC GAS s DOMESTIC OIL s ECONOMIC ANALYSIS s ECONOMIC COSTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EFFICIENCY GAINS s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRIC POWER SECTOR s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY GENERATION MIX s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION s ELECTRICITY SECTOR s ELECTRICITY SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY TECHNOLOGY s EMISSION s EMISSION ALLOWANCES s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSION TRADING s EMISSION TRENDS s EMISSIONS FROM ENERGY s EMISSIONS REDUCTION s END-USE ENERGY EFFICIENCY s END-USER PRICE s ENERGY CONSULTANT s ENERGY CONSUMERS s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS s ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES s ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMS s ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE s ENERGY INTENSITY s ENERGY MANAGEMENT s ENERGY MARKET s ENERGY MARKETS s ENERGY POLICIES s ENERGY POLICY s ENERGY PRICE s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY PRICING s ENERGY SAVINGS s ENERGY SECURITY s ENERGY SHORTAGE s ENERGY SOURCES s ENERGY STRATEGY s ENERGY SUPPLY s ENERGY USE s ENERGY-INTENSIVE MANUFACTURING s EXCHANGE RATE s FEASIBILITY s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FLUORESCENT LAMP s FORESTRY s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s FREE MARKET s FUEL s FUEL CONSUMPTION s FUEL DEMAND s FUEL PRICES s FUEL TYPE s FUEL USE s FUELS s GAS DESULFURIZATION s GAS RESOURCES s GAS SUPPLY s GAS TURBINE s GASES s GENERATION OF HEAT s GHG s GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY s GREEN ENERGY s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH IN ELECTRICITY DEMAND s HEAT s HEAT ENERGY s HEAT GENERATION s HEAT PRODUCTION s HEAT SUPPLY s HEAT TARIFF s HEAT TARIFFS s HEATING DEGREE DAYS s HEATING ENERGY s HOT WATER s HOUSEHOLD ENERGY s HYDROPOWER s IMPORTS s INCOME s INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INTEREST RATE s IRON s KILOWATT-HOUR s LAND USE s LAND USE CHANGE s LONG-TERM FINANCING s LOW-CARBON s LOWER PRICES s MARKET BARRIERS s MONETARY INCENTIVES s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION s NATURAL GAS PRICES s NUCLEAR CAPACITY s NUCLEAR GENERATION s NUCLEAR PLANT s NUCLEAR POWER s NUCLEAR POWER GENERATION s NUCLEAR REACTORS s NUCLEAR UNITS s OIL s OIL EQUIVALENT s PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION s PHOTOVOLTAICS s POWER DEMAND s POWER DISTRIBUTION s POWER ENGINEERING s POWER GENERATION s POWER GENERATION CAPACITY s POWER PLANTS s POWER SECTOR s POWER SYSTEM s PRESENT VALUE s PRICE INCREASE s PRIMARY ENERGY s PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION s REBATES s REHABILITATION OF THERMAL s RENEWABLE ENERGIES s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE s RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGIES s RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS s RESIDENTIAL CONSUMERS s RESIDENTIAL ENERGY s RESIDENTIAL SECTORS s RETROFITTING s SINK s SMALL HYDROPOWER s SODIUM s SOLAR POWER s SOLAR POWER PLANTS s SPACE HEATING s SUBSTITUTION s SUPPLY CURVE s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s TAX INCENTIVES s THERMAL PERFORMANCE s THERMAL PLANTS s TOTAL COSTS s TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATION s TRANSMISSION GRID s TRANSMISSION SYSTEM s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TUBE DIAMETER s UTILITIES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WATER QUALITY s WIND s WIND FARM s WIND FARMS s WIND GENERATION s WIND POWER pha English en_US The energy sector rapid assessment was conducted by the World Bank for the Government of Romania, as part of an advisory services program on climate change and low carbon green growth. The objective of this assessment is to identify climate change related investment priorities and necessary implementation support for the 2014-2020 operational programs, with a view to achieving the European Union (EU) 2020 targets and laying a foundation for continued de-carbonization of the energy sector. This rapid assessment focuses on climate change mitigation actions in power and heat generation and in energy use in manufacturing, residential, public, and commercial sectors. Energy use and efficiency in the transport sector is studied in a separate transport sector rapid assessment. It includes in-depth investigation of the main energy end-use sectors or subsectors, low-carbon energy supply optimization based on long-term energy demand patterns and trends, and the design and approaches of key energy efficiency intervention programs, such as thermal retrofit of residential and public buildings and economization and modernization of district heating systems 40 17-11-21 00:19:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987521X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17603 Volltext, Open Access

1759730661

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730661 OCoLC 1255604409 WBOKR 17570 EBP 064559092 KEP 064559092 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17570 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Romania Forest Sector Rapid Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s ABSORPTION s AFFORESTATION s AFFORESTATION EFFORTS s AFFORESTATION PROJECTS s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL LANDS s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL WASTE s AGRICULTURE s AIR s AIR TEMPERATURE s ALTITUDE s ANIMAL SPECIES s ARABLE LAND s AREA OF FOREST s AREAS OF FOREST s ASH s ATMOSPHERE s BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION s BIODIVERSITY PROTECTION s BIOMASS s BIOMASS ENERGY s BIOSPHERE s BIRD SPECIES s BUSINESS AS USUAL SCENARIO s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON ECONOMY s CARBON EMISSIONS s CARBON ENERGY s CARBON FOOTPRINT s CARBON POOLS s CARBON SEQUESTRATION s CARBON SINK s CARBON SINKS s CARBON STOCKS s CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s CO s CO2 s CONIFEROUS FORESTS s CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY s CONSTRUCTION s CROPLAND s CULTIVATION s DATA COLLECTION s DEGRADATION OF FORESTS s DEGRADED AREAS s DEGRADED ECOSYSTEMS s DEGRADED LAND s DEGRADED LANDS s DEMAND FOR TIMBER s DESERTIFICATION s DEVELOPMENT OF FORESTS s DROUGHT s DROUGHTS s ECOSYSTEM s ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT s EMISSION s EMISSION REDUCTION s EMISSION TRADING s EMISSION TRADING SYSTEM s EMISSIONS s ENDANGERED SPECIES s ENERGY MIX s ESTIMATES OF CARBON s EVAPOTRANSPIRATION s EXOTIC SPECIES s FERTILIZERS s FIREWOOD s FISHERIES s FLOOD PROTECTION s FLOODING s FLOODS s FODDER s FOREST s FOREST ADMINISTRATION s FOREST ADMINISTRATIONS s FOREST AREA s FOREST AREAS s FOREST ASSOCIATIONS s FOREST AUTHORITIES s FOREST BIODIVERSITY s FOREST COMPANIES s FOREST CONDITIONS s FOREST COVER s FOREST COVERAGE s FOREST DEVELOPMENT s FOREST ECOSYSTEMS s FOREST FIRES s FOREST FUND s FOREST GROWTH s FOREST HEALTH s FOREST INDUSTRY s FOREST INFRASTRUCTURE s FOREST INSPECTORATES s FOREST INSTITUTE s FOREST INVENTORY s FOREST LAND s FOREST LAND RESTITUTION s FOREST LANDS s FOREST LEGISLATION s FOREST MANAGEMENT s FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN s FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANNING s FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANS s FOREST MANAGERS s FOREST OWNER s FOREST OWNERS s FOREST OWNERS ASSOCIATION s FOREST OWNERSHIP s FOREST PLOTS s FOREST PRODUCTS s FOREST PROTECTION s FOREST RESEARCH s FOREST RESOURCE s FOREST RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s FOREST RESOURCES s FOREST RESTITUTION s FOREST ROADS s FOREST SECTOR s FOREST SOILS s FOREST SPECIES s FOREST STAND s FOREST STANDS s FOREST STRATEGY s FOREST SYSTEMS s FOREST VEGETATION s FORESTRY s FORESTRY PLANNING s FORESTRY PRODUCTS s FORESTRY RESEARCH s FORESTRY SECTOR s FORESTS s FOSSIL FUELS s FRESHWATER s GEOGRAPHIC AREAS s GHG s GHGS s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GASES s GROUND CARBON s GROWING SEASON s HUMIDITY s HUNTING s HYDROLOGICAL REGIME s INVASIVE SPECIES s INVERTEBRATES s IPCC s LAND ADMINISTRATION s LAND AREA s LAND AREAS s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND RECLAMATION s LAND REFORM s LAND RESTITUTION s LAND USE s LAND USE CHANGE s LOGGING s LOW-CARBON s MEADOWS s METEOROLOGY s MOUNTAINS s NATIONAL FOREST AREA s NATIONAL FOREST AUTHORITY s NATIONAL FOREST INVENTORY s NATIONAL FORESTRY s NATIONAL PARKS s NATURAL FORESTS s NATURAL HABITATS s NATURAL REGENERATION s NEGATIVE IMPACT s NUTRIENTS s ORGANIC CHEMICALS s PARKS s PASTURES s PH s PLAINS s PLANTATIONS s PLANTING s PRECIPITATION s PRIMARY FORESTS s PRIVATE FORESTS s RAIN s RAINFALL s REFORESTATION s REGENERATION s RENEWABLE ENERGY s SANDY SOILS s SAWMILLING s SECONDARY FORESTS s SEEDLING PRODUCTION s SILVER s SOIL EROSION s SOLAR RADIATION s SPECIES COMPOSITION s STATE FOREST s STATE FORESTS s STATE ­ FORESTS s SUSTAINABLE FOREST s SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF FORESTS s TEMPERATE FOREST s TEMPERATE FOREST SOILS s TEMPERATE FORESTS s TEMPERATURE s TIMBER s TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS s TIMBER HARVESTING s TIMBER SALES s TOPOGRAPHY s TREE SPECIES s TREES s WATERSHED s WATERSHED MANAGEMENT s WEATHER CONDITIONS s WETLAND s WETLANDS s WIND s WIND SPEED s WOOD s WOOD FURNITURE s WOOD INDUSTRY s WOOD PROCESSING s WOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY s WOOD PRODUCTS s WOOD WASTE s WOOD WASTES s WOODY BIOMASS s WOODY SPECIES pha English en_US Romania relies on the European Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF) to achieve its commitments to the European Union (EU) 2020 targets. The use of the European Agriculture and Rural Development Fund (EARDF) requires that at least 30 percent of the budget allocated for rural development as part of the National Rural Development Plan (NRDP) be spent on the environment and addressing climate change. The forest sector rapid assessment reviews key issues in the forest sector to determine how the sector can contribute to mitigating and adapting to climate change. The assessment reviews the sector ministries measures for the 2014-2020 structural operational programs (SOPs) and NRDP to determine whether they are climate positive. The latter is an important condition for using EU structural cohesion funds (SCF) for 2014-2020. The assessment identifies operational programs and sector plans that can support the climate change objectives and fulfill the EU ex ante conditionalities for the SCF (2014-2020). The assessment also provides a basis for refining the measures in order to respond to the climate change requirement. The reimbursable advisory service phase will involve more in-depth work on the sector, offering more specific recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:19:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875228 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17570 Volltext, Open Access

175973067X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973067X OCoLC 1255604416 WBOKR 17571 EBP 064559084 KEP 064559084 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17571 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Romania Agriculture and Rural Development Rapid Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s ABSORPTION s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s AFFORESTATION s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL LANDS s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS s AGRICULTURE s AIR s AIR TEMPERATURE s ALLOCATION s ALTITUDE s ANNUAL PRECIPITATION s ANTICYCLONES s AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS s AQUIFERS s ARABLE LAND s BASINS s BIODIVERSITY s BIOGAS s BIOMASS s BUFFER STRIPS s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON ECONOMY s CARBON LOSS s CARBON LOSSES s CARBON SEQUESTRATION s CARBON TECHNOLOGIES s CH4 s CHEMISTRY s CLEAN AIR s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s CLIMATIC CONDITIONS s CLIMATIC ZONES s CO s CO2 s COAST s COMMERCIAL FARMS s COMPLEX TASK s CONSERVATION s CONSTRUCTION s COST-EFFECTIVENESS s CROP DIVERSIFICATION s CROP PRODUCTION s CROPPING SYSTEMS s CROPS s CULTIVATED LAND s DAMAGES s DENITRIFICATION s DESERTIFICATION s DISCHARGE s DISPOSABLE INCOME s DISSOLVED OXYGEN s DRINKING WATER s DROUGHT s ECONOMIC COSTS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC FACTORS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC MODEL s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s ECONOMIC SECTORS s ECONOMIC SITUATION s ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY s ECONOMICS s ECOSYSTEM s ECOSYSTEMS s ELECTRICITY s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURE s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY PRODUCTION s ENERGY USE s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS s ENVIRONMENTS s EROSION s EUTROPHICATION s EVAPORATION s EXPLOITATION s EXTREME DROUGHT s EXTREME EVENTS s EXTREME HEAT s EXTREME HEAT WAVES s EXTREME RAINFALL s EXTREME RAINFALL EVENTS s EXTREME WEATHER s EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS s FARM HOUSEHOLDS s FARM INCOMES s FARM MANAGEMENT s FARM SECTOR s FARM SIZE s FARM WATER s FARMS s FEASIBILITY s FERTILISER s FERTILISERS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FLOODING s FLOODPLAINS s FLOODS s FOOD PRODUCTION s FOOD SUPPLY s FOREST s FOREST FIRES s FOREST RESEARCH s FORESTRY s FORESTRY SECTOR s FORESTS s FRUITS s GCM s GHG s GHGS s GLOBAL WARMING s GRASSLANDS s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY s GROUNDWATER s GROWING SEASON s HAIL s HUMAN HEALTH s HUMIDITY s HYDROLOGY s IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSURANCE s INSURANCE SCHEMES s IPCC s IRRIGATION s LABOR FORCE s LAKES s LAND COVER s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND OWNERSHIP s LAND USE s LAND USES s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LIVING CONDITIONS s MANAGED FORESTS s MEADOWS s METEOROLOGY s METHANE s MITIGATION s MOUNTAINS s N2O s NATIONAL ACCOUNTS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NEGATIVE IMPACTS s NITRATE s NITRATES s NITROGEN s NITROUS OXIDE s NOX s PASTURES s PEAK FLOWS s PLAINS s PLANT COMMUNITIES s PLANT SPECIES s PLANTATIONS s POLICY DECISIONS s POLLUTION s POOR s POWER GENERATION s PRECIPITATION s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE PROPERTY s PRODUCERS s PUBLIC GOODS s QUALITY OF WATER s RADIATION s RAIN s RAINFALL s RAINFALL EVENTS s RANGES s RECYCLING s REDUCING EMISSIONS s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES s RESERVOIRS s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISKS FROM CLIMATE CHANGE s RIVER s RIVER BASINS s RUNOFF s RURAL s RURAL ACTORS s RURAL AREA s RURAL AREAS s RURAL BUSINESSES s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL COMMUNITY s RURAL CONSUMERS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL ECONOMY s RURAL HOUSEHOLDS s RURAL INCOMES s RURAL INHABITANTS s RURAL PEOPLE s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL ROADS s SMALL FARMS s SOIL CARBON s SOIL DEGRADATION s SOIL EROSION s SOILS s SPECIES s STORMS s STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT s SUBSISTENCE FARMERS s SURFACE FLOW s SURFACE RUNOFF s SURFACE WATER s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TARGETING s TEMPERATURE s TOTAL COST s TOTAL EMISSIONS s UNCERTAINTIES s VEGETATION s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER POLLUTION s WATER QUALITY s WAVES s WEATHER CONDITIONS s WETLANDS s WILDLIFE s WILDLIFE HABITATS s WILLINGNESS TO PAY s WIND s WIND EROSION s WIND POWER s WINDS pha English en_US Climate change is a huge ... 40 17-11-21 00:19:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875236 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17571 Volltext, Open Access

1759730688

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730688 OCoLC 1255604430 WBOKR 17704 EBP 064559076 KEP 064559076 2000 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17704 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO World Bank Urban Transport Strategy Review The Case of Cairo, Egypt World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2000 1 Online-Ressource Egypt, Arab Republic of Middle East and North Africa s ACCESSIBILITY s AFFORDABLE PUBLIC TRANSPORT s AGRICULTURAL ZONES s AIR s AIR CONDITIONING s AIRPORT s ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE s AUTOMOBILE s AUTOMOBILE TRAFFIC s AVERAGE SPEEDS s BICYCLE s BICYCLES s BRIDGES s BUS s BUS LANE s BUS LANES s BUS LINES s BUS NETWORK s BUS STOPS s BUSES s CAR s CAR DRIVERS s CAR OWNERSHIP s CARRIAGEWAY s CARRIAGEWAYS s CARS s COMMERCIAL SPEED s CONGESTION s CONGESTION PROBLEMS s CONSTRUCTION s CONVENTIONAL BUS s COST OF TRANSPORT s COST PER VEHICLE s COSTS PER VEHICLE s CROSS ROADS s CROSSING s DAILY TRIPS s DOMESTIC TRAFFIC s FARE COST s FARE INCREASE s FARE INCREASES s FARE INTEGRATION s FARE LEVEL s FARE STRUCTURE s FARE SYSTEM s FARES s FARES REDUCTION s FEEDER MODE s FLAT FARE s HIGH FARES s HIGHER FARES s HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS s INCOME s INFRASTRUCTURES s JUNCTIONS s LANES s LONG DISTANCES s MAIN TRANSPORT s MASS RAPID TRANSIT s METRO LINE s METRO NETWORK s METRO USERS s MINIBUS s MINIBUSES s MOBILITY s MODE OF TRANSPORT s MODE OF TRANSPORTATION s MODE SPLIT s MODES OF TRANSPORT s MOTORCYCLE s MOTORCYCLES s MOTORIZATION RATE s MOTORWAYS s NARROW LANES s NOISE s OFF PEAK HOURS s PASSENGER s PASSENGER FLOWS s PASSENGER KILOMETRES s PASSENGER TRIPS s PASSENGERS s PASSENGERS PER DAY s PASSENGERS PER HOUR s PEAK HOURS s PEDESTRIANS s POLICE s POLLUTION s PRIVATE TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT MODES s PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORK s PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORKS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICE s PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES s RAILWAY s RAILWAY LINES s RAILWAY NETWORK s REINFORCEMENT s RIDERSHIP s RING ROAD s RING ROADS s ROAD s ROAD BRIDGES s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SPACE s ROAD TRANSPORT s ROAD TUNNEL s ROLLING STOCK s ROUTE s ROUTES s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY s SPRAWL s SPREADING s STANDING PASSENGERS s STREET PARKING s STREETS s SUBURBAN RAILWAYS s TAXI DRIVER s TAXIS s TRACKS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC CONGESTION s TRAFFIC CONGESTION PROBLEMS s TRAFFIC DEMAND s TRAFFIC FLOW s TRAFFIC FLOWS s TRAINS s TRAMWAY s TRAMWAYS s TRANSIT s TRANSIT CORRIDORS s TRANSPORT AUTHORITY s TRANSPORT CAPACITY s TRANSPORT CONDITIONS s TRANSPORT DEMAND s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURES s TRANSPORT MARKET s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT PLAN s TRANSPORT POLICY s TRANSPORT PROJECTS s TRANSPORT STRATEGY s TRANSPORT SUPPLY s TRANSPORTS s TRAVEL DISTANCES s TRAVELLERS s TRIP s TRIP LENGTH s TRIPS s TRIPS PER DAY s TUNNELS s TYPE OF TRAVEL s TYPES OF ROADS s UNDERGROUND s UNDERPASSES s URBAN MOTORWAY s URBAN MOTORWAYS s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN SECTOR s URBAN SPRAWL s URBAN STRUCTURE s URBAN TRAFFIC s URBAN TRAFFIC CONGESTION s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBAN TRANSPORT STRATEGY s VIADUCTS s WALKING English en_US The increased density and sprawl of Cairo's urban areas are the consequence of a number of factors, of which the major ones are the physical and geographic features, transport supply, urban policy and the control of urban development, market laws, government aid, property developers, consumer sensitivity to building quality and costs, travelling distances, tariffs, the immediate surrounding area, etc. The purpose of this study is to measure the impact of a transport policy on the accessibility and development of the Cairo urban area. Cairo's transport policy has encouraged tremendous development of major road infrastructures, partial liberalization of the surface public transport network resulting in a considerable expansion of private microbus lines, and an extension of the bus network at the expense of the density of supply and of regularity, and without creating segregated lanes as recommended in successive transport and urban studies, amongst other significant developments. This report explores the influence of transport on the development of urban areas, and the consequences of such developments 40 17-11-21 00:19:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875244 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17704 Volltext, Open Access

1759730696

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730696 OCoLC 1255604310 WBOKR 17651 EBP 064559068 KEP 064559068 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17651 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Gender and Transport in the Middle East and North Africa Region Case Studies from the West Bank and Yemen World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa West Bank and Gaza Yemen, Republic of s ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT s AIR s AIR CONDITIONING s ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORT s ASPHALT s AVAILABILITY OF TRANSPORT s AVERAGE TRAVEL TIME s BETTER MOBILITY s BICYCLE s BICYCLES s BIKES s BUS s BUS COMPANIES s BUS COMPANY s BUS INDUSTRY s BUS OPERATORS s BUS ROUTE s BUS ROUTES s BUS SERVICES s BUS STOP s BUS STOPS s BUS TERMINAL s BUSES s BUSWAYS s CAR s CARS s CARTS s COMMERCIAL VEHICLES s COMMUTERS s CONCRETE s COST PER TRIP s CULTURAL BARRIERS s DAILY TRAVEL s DEMAND FOR TRANSPORT s DEMAND FOR TRANSPORT SERVICES s DESIGN OF TRANSPORT s DISABILITIES s DONKEY s DONKEYS s DRIVER s DRIVERS s DRIVING s DRIVING SCHOOLS s EARTHWORKS s EFFICIENT TRANSPORT s FARE INTEGRATION s FARES s FINANCIAL BURDEN s FLEET REPLACEMENT s FLEETS s FRAMEWORK s FREIGHT s FREIGHT TRANSPORT s FREQUENCY OF USE s GENDER s GENDER ANALYSIS s GENDER AND TRANSPORT s GRADE s HEAVY TRAFFIC s IMT s INCOME s INFORMAL SECTOR s INFORMAL TRANSPORT s INFORMAL TRANSPORT SECTOR s INJURIES s INSPECTION s INTERURBAN TRANSPORT s JOB MARKET s JOURNEY s LABOR MARKET s LONG DISTANCES s MAIN ROADS s MEANS OF TRANSPORT s MINIBUSES s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT s MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION s MOBILITY s MOBILITY CONSTRAINTS s MOBILITY OPTIONS s MODE OF TRANSPORT s MOTORCYCLE s MOTORCYCLES s MOTORIZED TRANSPORT s NEIGHBORHOODS s PARKING s PARKING FACILITIES s PASSENGER s PASSENGER TRANSPORT s PASSENGER VEHICLES s PASSENGERS s PASSENGERS AS WELL s PATHS s PAVEMENTS s PEDESTRIAN s PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS s PEDESTRIAN FACILITIES s PEDESTRIAN INFRASTRUCTURE s PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES s PERSONAL SAFETY s POLICE s POPULATION DENSITY s POWER RELATIONS s PRIVATE CARS s PRIVATE TAXIS s PRIVATE TRANSPORT s PRIVATE VEHICLE s PRIVATE VEHICLES s PUBLIC SAFETY s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s PUBLIC TRANSPORT PASSENGERS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SECTOR s PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM s PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES s PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION s PUBLIC VEHICLES s PUBLIC WORKS s RAILWAYS s RAIN s RIDERS s ROAD s ROAD ACCIDENTS s ROAD CONDITIONS s ROAD CONSTRUCTION s ROAD DAMAGE s ROAD DEATHS s ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE s ROAD MAINTENANCE s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SAFETY s ROAD USERS s ROAD WORKS s ROADS s ROUTES s RURAL AREAS s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL ROAD s RURAL ROADS s SAFETY s SAFETY REGULATIONS s SAFETY STANDARDS s SANITARY FACILITIES s SECURITY ISSUES s SIDEWALKS s SKIDDING s SOCIAL INTERACTIONS s SPEED s STREET LIGHTING s STREETS s SUBURBS s SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT s TAXI s TAXI LICENSES s TAXIS s TOPOGRAPHY s TRACTORS s TRAFFIC s TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS s TRAFFIC LAW s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRAFFIC POLICE s TRAFFIC SAFETY s TRAFFIC SAFETY COUNCIL s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT ACTIVITIES s TRANSPORT COST s TRANSPORT COSTS s TRANSPORT EXPENDITURE s TRANSPORT EXPENDITURES s TRANSPORT FACILITIES s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s TRANSPORT MODE s TRANSPORT MODES s TRANSPORT NEEDS s TRANSPORT NETWORKS s TRANSPORT PLAN s TRANSPORT PLANNERS s TRANSPORT PLANNING s TRANSPORT PROJECTS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICE s TRANSPORT SERVICE QUALITY s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORT SUPPLY s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORT TARIFFS s TRANSPORT TERMINALS s TRANSPORT USERS s TRANSPORTATION WALKING s TRAVEL NEEDS s TRAVEL PATTERNS s TRAVELERS s TRIP s TRIPS s TRUCKS s TRUE s TRUST FUND s TYPE OF VEHICLES s URBAN TRANSPORT s URBANIZATION s VANS s VEHICLE s VEHICLE OWNERSHIP s WAITING TIME s WALKING s WALKING DISTANCE s WEATHER CONDITIONS English en_US Mobility is a major factor of access to economic resources, education, health, and other key elements influencing women's empowerment. In the Middle East and North Africa's countries, like in many other developing economies, women's mobility is constrained not only by the limited, sometimes unaffordable transport supply but also by social and cultural factors that frame women's access to the outside world and exacerbate the supply problem. The objectives of this study are: 1) understanding better how transport infrastructure and services are meeting women's transport needs, and more specifically, how they are facilitating or constraining women's access to resources, markets, training, information, and employment; and 2) identifying priority areas for governments' actions to improve women's mobility and thereby enhance their access to economic opportunities and contribute to their economic empowerment. Three studies of the interaction between gender and transport have been conducted with these in mind: one in rural Yemen, one in urban Yemen, and one in the West Bank. Analyses of the findings of the studies have led to the following recommendations being put forth: i) encourage the use of intermediary means of transport; ii) create awareness about women's mobility needs; and iii) identify and mitigate constraints delaying development projects in rural Yemen 40 17-11-21 00:19:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875252 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17651 Volltext, Open Access

175973070X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973070X OCoLC 1255604404 WBOKR 17685 EBP 06455905X KEP 06455905X 2004 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17685 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Transport Strategy to Improve Accessibility in Developing Countries Julie Babinard VerfasserIn aut Peter Roberts VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2004 1 Online-Ressource Africa Nigeria s ACCESSIBILITY s ACCESSIBILITY FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES s ACCESSIBLE TRANSPORTATION s AGED s BARRIER s BLINDNESS s BUS s COGNITIVE DISABILITIES s COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES s CROSSING s DEAFNESS s DEMAND FOR SERVICES s DEPENDENCY s DEVELOPING COUNTRIES s DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s DISABILITY AWARENESS s DISABILITY GROUPS s DISABILITY ISSUES s DISABILITY POLICIES s DISABILITY STANDARDS s DISABILITY STUDIES s DISABLED s DISABLED PEOPLE s DISABLED PERSONS s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES s ELDERLY s ELDERLY PASSENGERS s ELDERLY PEOPLE s ELEVATORS s EMPLOYMENT s ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS s EQUALIZATION s EXCLUSION s FARE CONCESSIONS s FREE TRANSPORT s HAZARDS s HEALTH CARE s HEARING s HUMAN BEINGS s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s ILLITERACY s IMMUNIZATION s INCLUSION s ISOLATION s LEGISLATION s LIMITED MOBILITY s LIMITED RESOURCES s LIVING STANDARDS s LOW VISION s LOW- INCOME COUNTRIES s LOW-FLOOR VEHICLES s LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES s MOBILITY s NUTRITIONAL STATUS s OCCUPATIONAL MOBILITY s PASSENGERS s PASSENGERS WITH DISABILITIES s PEDESTRIAN s PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS s PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES s PEOPLE WITH DISABILITY s PERSONAL SAFETY s PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES s PHYSICAL DISABILITIES s POPULATION DATA s POPULATION DENSITIES s PROGRESS s PUBLIC TRANSPORT s RAMPS s RAPID TRANSIT s RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS s RURAL AREAS s SAFETY s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIETY s STAFF s TRAINS s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT ACCESS s TRANSPORT SECTOR s TRANSPORT SERVICES s TRANSPORT SPECIALISTS s TRANSPORT STRATEGY s TRANSPORT SYSTEM s TRANSPORT SYSTEMS s TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH s UNEMPLOYMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNIVERSAL ACCESS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN TRANSPORT s VEHICLES s VULNERABILITY s WHEELCHAIR English en_US In developing countries disabled people and the elderly are more likely to be among the poor. Moreover, exclusion increases the costs associated with disability to constrain disabled people from breaking out of poverty. Improved access and mobility are important factors in reducing poverty and can facilitate the participation of people with disabilities in economic, social, and political processes. Many countries have legislation requiring that these challenges be addressed but effective responses are generally very limited. Action to improve the situation is constrained by the serious shortage of data on the access and mobility needs of disabled and elderly people as well as by resource constraints. This paper outlines guidance for addressing the access and mobility needs of disabled and elderly people in the context of the World Bank's mission to reduce poverty and discusses the main challenges for providing inclusive transport. It draws attention to opportunities to learn from transport interventions and to current research. The paper describes the main activities being fostered by the transport sector in the World Bank. These aim to raise awareness of proven good practice in setting policies and strategies 40 17-11-21 00:19:19.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875260 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17685 Volltext, Open Access

1759730726

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:43.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730726 OCoLC 1255602595 WBOKR 17616 EBP 064559041 KEP 064559041 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17616 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO East Asia and the Pacific Region Urban Sanitation Review A Call for Action World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource East Asia East Asia and Pacific Oceania s ACCESS TO SAFE WATER s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACCESS TO WATER s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s AERATION s BACTERIA s BILL COLLECTION s BILLING s BLOCK TARIFFS s BOD s CATCHMENT s CATCHMENT AREA s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CLEAN WATER s CLEAN-UP s CLIMATE CHANGE s COLLECTION SYSTEM s COLLECTION SYSTEMS s COMBINED SEWER SYSTEMS s COMBINED SEWERAGE s COMBINED SEWERS s COMMERCIALIZATION s COMMUNAL TOILETS s CONNECTION s CONNECTION RATE s CONSTRUCTION s CONSUMER REPRESENTATION s COST RECOVERY s CUBIC METER s DEMAND FOR SANITATION s DESLUDGING s DISPOSAL OF WASTEWATER s DITCHES s DOMESTIC WASTEWATER s DRAIN s DRAINAGE s DRAINAGE SYSTEMS s DRAINS s DRINKING WATER s EFFECTIVE SANITATION s EFFECTIVE WATER s EFFICIENT WATER USE s EFFLUENTS s ELECTRICITY s ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXCRETA s FE s FECAL COLIFORM s FECES s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FLUSH TOILETS s FUTURE WATER NEEDS s GARBAGE s GAS s GASES s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION s HOUSE CONNECTION s HOUSE CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTION s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLD WASTE s HUMAN EXCRETA s HUMAN WASTE s HYGIENE s INADEQUATE SANITATION s INADEQUATE WATER s INFILTRATION s INVESTMENT COST s INVESTMENT DECISIONS s INVESTMENT PROPOSALS s INVESTMENTS IN SANITATION s IRRIGATION s LANDFILLS s LARGE CITIES s LEAKS s LEAST COST s LITERS PER CAPITA PER DAY s LOCAL PRIVATE OPERATORS s LOCAL WATER s LOCAL WATER UTILITIES s METROPOLITAN WATERWORKS s MONITORING PROGRAM s NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s NUMBER OF SEWER CONNECTIONS s NUTRIENTS s OPEN SEWER s ORGANIC LOAD s ORGANIC MATTER s OXYGEN s OXYGEN DEMAND s PERFORMANCE BENCHMARKS s PIPED WATER s PIPES s PIT LATRINES s POLLUTION s POOR WATER QUALITY s POPULATION DENSITIES s POPULATION DENSITY s POPULATION GROWTH s POPULATION GROWTH RATE s PROVISION OF WATER s PUBLIC FACILITIES s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SEWER SYSTEM s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC WORKS s QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER s RAINWATER s RECEIVING WATERS s RECYCLED WATER s REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESERVOIRS s REUSE OF WATER s RIVERS s RUNOFF s SAFE DISPOSAL s SAFE WATER s SANITARY ENGINEERS s SANITATION ACCESS s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION DEVELOPMENT s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION INVESTMENTS s SANITATION MANAGEMENT s SANITATION OPERATIONS s SANITATION POLICIES s SANITATION PRACTICES s SANITATION PROBLEMS s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROGRAMS s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION SOLUTIONS s SANITATION STRATEGY s SATELLITE TOWNS s SEPARATE SEWERAGE s SEPTIC TANK s SEPTIC TANK CLEANING s SEPTIC TANK DESIGN s SEPTIC TANK EMPTYING s SEPTIC TANKS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SEWAGE s SEWAGE NETWORK s SEWAGE SLUDGE s SEWAGE SYSTEMS s SEWER NETWORKS s SEWER PIPES s SEWER SYSTEMS s SEWERAGE CONNECTIONS s SEWERAGE NETWORK s SEWERAGE NETWORKS s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s SEWERS s SLUDGE s SOLID WASTE s STORM WATER s SUSTAINABLE SANITATION s SUSTAINABLE SERVICES s TOILET s TOILET FACILITIES s TOILET SYSTEM s TREATED WASTEWATER s TREATING WASTEWATER s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN HOUSEHOLDS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN SANITATION IMPROVEMENTS s URBAN SEWERAGE s URBAN WASTEWATER s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SERVICES s USERS s VOLUME OF WATER s WASTE s WASTE WATER s WASTE WATER TREATMENT s WASTES s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER DISPOSAL s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY s WASTEWATER UTILITIES s WATER BODIES s WATER COMPANY s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER REUSE s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER TREATMENT PLANT s WATER UTILITIES English en_US This study summarizes the main challenges to scaling up access to sustainable sanitation services in the urban areas of three countries in the East Asia and Pacific region-Indonesia, Philippines and Vietnam-and proposes the main steps these countries need to take to redress the status quo. The report is divided into four chapters. The first chapter provides an overview of the current level and quality of access to urban sanitation in the region. The second chapter examines the causes leading to the current state of urban sanitation, using four thematic areas: people, technology, institutions and finance. The third chapter identifies those factors that need to be in place to trigger a different way of doing business in the sector and that may ultimately lead to transformational changes. The final chapter proposes recommendations on how countries can upgrade and scale up urban sanitation services 40 17-11-21 00:19:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875279 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17616 Volltext, Open Access

1759730734

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 0206:08-05-23 16:24:20.000 0206:07-02-22 utf8 0 Oau Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730734 OCoLC 1255604354 WBOKR 17609 EBP 064559033 KEP 064559033 eng 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17609 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia Economic Quarterly, December 2013 Slower Growth, High Risks World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Indonesia economic quarterly East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ACCOUNTING s ASSET PRICE s ASSET PRICES s ASSETS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS DEFICIT s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK CREDIT s BANK NOTE s BANKING SECTOR s BASIS POINTS s BILL s BOND MARKET s BOND SPREADS s BOND YIELDS s BORROWING COSTS s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL GOODS s CAPITAL GOODS IMPORTS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CENTRAL BANK s CHECKS s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK LENDING s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER INFLATION s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONSUMPTION BASKET s CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE s CONSUMPTION GOODS s CONSUMPTION GROWTH s CORE INFLATION s CORPORATE BOND s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT LIMITS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY DEMAND s CURRENCY DEPRECIATION s CURRENCY INFLOWS s CURRENCY MARKET s CURRENCY MISMATCHES s CURRENCY RISKS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT REPAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICING s DECENTRALIZATION s DEPOSIT s DEPOSITS s DEPRECIATION s DEPRESSING EFFECT s DEVELOPING COUNTRY s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DISBURSEMENT s DISINFLATION s DOLLAR PRICE s DOLLAR VALUE s DOMESTIC BANK s DOMESTIC BANKING SECTOR s DOMESTIC BANKS s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC DEMAND GROWTH s DOMESTIC ECONOMY s DOMESTIC INTEREST RATES s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC PRICE s DOMESTIC PRICES s DOWNWARD PRESSURE s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC DISRUPTION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIC RISKS s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s EQUILIBRIUM s EQUILIBRIUM LEVEL s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY INDICES s EXCESS LIQUIDITY s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY s EXPORT COMMODITIES s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXPORT PERFORMANCE s EXPORT VOLUMES s EXPORTERS s EXPOSURE s EXTERNAL BALANCE s EXTERNAL BALANCES s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEMAND s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FEDERAL RESERVE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL REFORMS s FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY LENDING s FOREIGN CURRENCY LOANS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTOR s FOREIGN RESERVES s GLOBAL DEMAND s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GLOBAL LIQUIDITY s GLOBAL MARKET s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH PERFORMANCE s GROWTH RATE s GROWTH RATES s IMPORT s IMPORT COMPRESSION s IMPORT COSTS s IMPORT DEMAND s IMPORT GROWTH s IMPORT PRICES s IMPORTS s INCOME GENERATION s INCOME GROWTH s INFLATION s INTEREST RATE s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL PRICES s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT INFLOWS s INVESTMENT POLICY s INVESTMENT SPENDING s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s LABOR FORCE s LABOR MARKET s LIQUIDITY CONDITIONS s LOCAL CAPACITY s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL CURRENCY LOANS s MACROECONOMIC ADJUSTMENTS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET DEVELOPMENTS s MARKET LIQUIDITY s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET SHARE s MARKET TURNOVER s MONETARY CONDITIONS s MONETARY POLICY s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGES s NATURAL RESOURCE s NOMINAL DEPRECIATION s OIL PRICES s OUTPUT GAPS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE HIKE s PRICE INCREASE s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE INDEX s PRICE INFLATION s PRIVATE CONSUMPTION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s REAL DEPRECIATION s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s RECESSION s RELATIVE PRICE s SAFETY NET s SHORT-TERM RATES s SLOWDOWN s SOVEREIGN DEBT s SPOT MARKET s SPOT RATE s STOCK PRICES s STRUCTURAL REFORM s SUPPLY-SIDE s SURPLUS s TARIFF INCREASES s TAX s TOTAL EXPORT s TOTAL EXPORT REVENUES s TOTAL EXPORTS s TOTAL EXTERNAL DEBT s TOTAL IMPORT s TOTAL IMPORTS s TRADE BALANCE s TRADE BALANCES s TRADE DATA s TRADE DEFICIT s TRADE FACILITATION s TRADE RESTRICTIONS s TRADE SURPLUS s TRADING s TRADING PARTNER s TRADING PARTNERS s UNCERTAINTIES s UNCERTAINTY s UNEMPLOYMENT RATE s UPWARD PRESSURE 091401070 Wirtschaftslage stw 10342-1 DA-3 091400988 Wirtschaftsindikator stw 15075-1 DA-3 091401194 Wirtschaftsprognose stw 10031-4 DA-3 091366941 Indonesien stw 17578-0 DA-3 2013 DA-3 DE-206 English en_US The Indonesia Economic Quarterly (IEQ) has two main aims. First, it reports on the key developments over the past three months in Indonesia's economy, and places these in a longer-term and global context. Based on these developments, and on policy changes over the period, the IEQ regularly updates the outlook for Indonesia's economy and social welfare. Second, the IEQ provides a more in-depth examination of selected economic and policy issues, and analysis of Indonesia's medium-term development challenges. This document summarizes the findings of the IEQ for the last quarter of 2013. The final quarter has seen the continuing adjustment of the Indonesian economy to more subdued commodity prices and tighter external financing conditions, and to the related pressures on external balances. Policies have responded, particularly through tighter monetary conditions, the currency has depreciated substantially in real terms, and investment spending and output growth have weakened. These developments are broadly supportive of continued macroeconomic stability, including by helping to lower the current account deficit, although their impact continues to play out, adding additional uncertainty to the path of the domestic economy. At the same time, the international environment is also shifting, with global growth expected to improve, bringing potential policy changes, notably in US monetary policy, which could add to the pressures on Indonesia's external financing position. In light of the slower pace of growth, and the risks facing the economy, there is a strong need for Indonesia to augment the recent macro focus on tighter monetary policy, exchange rate adjustment and import compression, with deeper reforms to lift export performance and support investment inflows 40 17-11-21 00:19:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875287 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17609 Volltext, Open Access

1759730742

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730742 OCoLC 1255604465 WBOKR 17610 EBP 064559025 KEP 064559025 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17610 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Diaspora Investing The Business and Investment Interests of the Caribbean Diaspora Qahir Dhanani VerfasserIn aut Mina Lee VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCOUNTING s ANGEL GROUP s ANGEL GROUPS s ANGEL INVESTOR s ANGEL INVESTORS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s BARRIER s BARRIERS TO INVESTMENT s BOND s BONDS s BROKERAGE s BUSINESS ACUMEN s BUSINESS ANGEL s BUSINESS ENABLING s BUSINESS ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS INCUBATION s BUSINESS INCUBATORS s BUSINESS INVESTMENT s BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES s BUSINESS OWNER s BUSINESS PLAN s BUSINESS PLANS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL INJECTIONS s CC s CDS s CHECKS s COMMUNITY COLLEGE s CONNECTIVITY s CREDIBILITY s CRITICAL MASS s DEMOGRAPHIC s DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE s DEVELOPING MARKET s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DIASPORA INVESTMENT s DIASPORA INVESTMENTS s DIRECT INVESTMENTS s DUE DILIGENCE s EARNINGS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENTREPRENEUR s ENTREPRENEURS s EQUITY INVESTMENTS s FINANCIAL ABILITY s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL RETURN s FINANCIAL RETURNS s FUND MANAGER s GENDER s GOVERNANCE MEASURES s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s HOME COUNTRY s INCOME s INCOME LEVEL s INCOMES s INDIVIDUAL INVESTORS s INFORMATION ASYMMETRIES s INFRASTRUCTURE BOND s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INVESTABLE ASSETS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACTIVITY s INVESTMENT BARRIERS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s INVESTMENT FLOWS s INVESTMENT GROUPS s INVESTMENT INTEREST s INVESTMENT INTERESTS s INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY s INVESTMENT PROCESSES s INVESTMENT PURPOSES s INVESTMENT RETURNS s INVESTMENT VEHICLES s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s JOB CREATION s LACK OF AWARENESS s LEGAL ENFORCEMENT s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LIQUID ASSETS s MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY s MARKETING STRATEGY s MONEY MARKET s MUTUAL FUNDS s NET WORTH s NEW BUSINESS s ONLINE MARKETPLACE s PEOPLES s PORTFOLIOS s POSITIVE RETURNS s PRIVATE EQUITY s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PUBLIC COMPANIES s PUBLIC EQUITY s REAL ESTATE s REAL ESTATE HOLDINGS s REAL INVESTMENT s REGULATORY CONSTRAINTS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REMITTANCES s REPUTATION s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MITIGATION s SALE OF SECURITIES s SAVINGS s SAVINGS ACCOUNT s SECURITIES s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOPHISTICATED INVESTORS s START-UP s START-UPS s STATEMENTS s STOCKS s STOCKS MUTUAL FUNDS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENCY s TRUST FUND s VENTURE CAPITAL s VENTURE MARKETS English en_US The Caribbean region is unique for many reasons. Perhaps most striking among these is the demographic fact that for almost every resident in the region there is an individual living in the diaspora abroad. This near one-to-one ratio of nationals to diaspora members presents a tremendous opportunity for cross-border engagement among a people who share common cultures and histories. This report presents findings from the assessment, including both the quantitative data from the surveys and the qualitative data from focus groups and individual interviews. It aims to help all stakeholders, including policy makers, multilateral financial institutions, donors, and program managers, among others to better understand and engage the Caribbean diaspora. The report also provides material for an open dialogue on new ways to engage the diaspora for investment purposes. Although the assessment is focused primarily on the diaspora members' willingness and ability to invest in and mentor high-potential growth-oriented enterprises (HGEs), it also touches on their interest to be involved through other channels and investment vehicles, such as diaspora bonds, volunteering, or charitable giving 40 17-11-21 00:19:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875295 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17610 Volltext, Open Access

1759730750

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730750 OCoLC 1255604344 WBOKR 17637 EBP 064559017 KEP 064559017 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17637 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ethiopia's Medium Term Debt Management Strategy (2013-2017) Ministry of Finance and Economic Development VerfasserIn aut Addis Ababa 2012 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCOUNTING s ANNUAL BORROWING PLAN s ARREARS s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BOND s BORROWER s BORROWING STRATEGY s BUDGET DEFICIT s CASH MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT FINANCING s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL TERMS s COMPOSITION OF DEBT s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY COMPOSITION s CURRENCY MISMATCH s CURRENCY RISK s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DATED INSTRUMENTS s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT BURDENS s DEBT COMPOSITION s DEBT COMPOSITIONS s DEBT FORGIVENESS s DEBT INSTRUMENT s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS s DEBT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES s DEBT MANAGEMENT STRATEGY s DEBT MARKET DEVELOPMENT s DEBT MATURITIES s DEBT OBLIGATIONS s DEBT OUTSTANDING s DEBT OVERHANG s DEBT PORTFOLIO s DEBT PROBLEMS s DEBT REDEMPTION s DEBT REDUCTION s DEBT RELIEF s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT SERVICING COSTS s DEBT STOCK s DEBT STRATEGIES s DEBT STRATEGY s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s DEFICIT FINANCING s DEFICITS s DEGREE OF RISK s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DISCOUNT RATE s DOMESTIC BOND s DOMESTIC BONDS s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKET s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKET DEVELOPMENT s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKETS s DOMESTIC FINANCIAL MARKET s DOMESTIC FINANCING s DOMESTIC INTEREST RATE s DOMESTIC INTEREST RATES s DOMESTIC MARKET s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL BORROWINGS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEBT MANAGEMENT s EXTERNAL FINANCES s EXTERNAL FINANCING s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCING REQUIREMENT s FISCAL DEFICIT s FIXED INTEREST s FIXED INTEREST RATE s FIXED INTEREST RATES s FLOATING RATE s FLOATING RATE DEBT s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN FINANCING s FUTURE LOANS s GLOBALIZATION s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s GOVERNMENT PAPER s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GRACE PERIOD s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTEREST COST s INTEREST EXPENDITURE s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE CHANGES s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTERNATIONAL BOND s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL SECURITIES s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INVESTING s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTOR BASE s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCE OF TREASURY BILLS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEVEL OF DEBT s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RISK s LOAN s LOCAL CURRENCY s LONG TERM BONDS s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY s MACROECONOMIC RISKS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET ENVIRONMENT s MARKET INTEREST RATES s MARKET REFORM s MARKET RISK s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MATURITY DATE s MATURITY STRUCTURE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s NATIONAL BANK s OPTIMAL DEBT STRUCTURE s OUTSTANDING DOMESTIC DEBT s OVERALL DEBT PORTFOLIO s PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS s POLITICAL RISK s PORTFOLIO s POTENTIAL INVESTORS s PRIMARY MARKET s PRIVATE BANKS s PRIVATE CREDITORS s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PUBLIC BORROWING s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR BORROWING s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s RATES OF RETURN s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATES s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENTS s RISK EXPOSURE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT TOOLS s SECONDARY DEBT s SECONDARY DEBT MARKETS s SECONDARY MARKETS s SECURITIES MARKETS s SECURITY MARKET s SECURITY MARKETS s SHORT TERM INTEREST RATES s T-BILL s T-BOND s TAX s TOTAL DEBT s TRADE BALANCE s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILLS s TREASURY BONDS s VARIABLE INTEREST RATE s VARIABLE INTEREST RATES s YIELD CURVE English en_US This medium term debt management strategy (MTDS) for Ethiopia provides a framework for developing an effective public sector debt management strategy that aims to achieve a desired composition of the public sector debt portfolio that reflects a cost-risk analysis and captures the government's preferences with regard to the cost-risk trade-off. This MTDS is considered a tool for evaluating and managing the risk involved with different debt compositions; facilitating coordination with fiscal and monetary management; and enhancing transparency. It ensures that the government's financing needs and payment obligations are met at the lowest possible cost consistent with a prudent degree of risk 40 17-11-21 00:19:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875309 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17637 Volltext, Open Access

1759730769

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730769 OCoLC 1255604386 WBOKR 17639 EBP 064559009 KEP 064559009 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17639 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Debt Management Performance Assessment Nigeria World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Africa Nigeria s ACCOUNTABILITY FRAMEWORK s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACTUAL DEBT s AMORTIZATION s ANNUAL BORROWING PLAN s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK FINANCING s BANKING SECTOR s BENCHMARK YIELD s BENCHMARK YIELD CURVE s BENEFICIARIES s BOND ISSUANCE s BOND ISSUE s BOND MARKET s BONDS s BORROWING PLAN s BORROWING PLANS s BORROWING REQUIREMENT s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL GAINS s CASH BALANCE s CASH BALANCES s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBT s CHECKS s COLLATERAL s COLLATERAL ARRANGEMENT s COMPETITIVE AUCTIONS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s COUPON s COUPON RATE s CREDIT POLICY s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISK ASSESSMENT s CREDIT RISKS s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT DATA s DEBT DATA RECORDING s DEBT FLOWS s DEBT INFORMATION s DEBT LEVEL s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES s DEBT MANAGEMENT FUNCTION s DEBT MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS s DEBT MANAGEMENT OFFICE s DEBT MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS s DEBT MANAGEMENT STRATEGY s DEBT MANAGER s DEBT OBLIGATIONS s DEBT PORTFOLIO s DEBT RECORDING s DEBT RECORDING SYSTEM s DEBT REPORTING s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEBT SECURITIES s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SETTLEMENT s DEBT STOCK s DEBT STOCKS s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s DEBT TRANSACTIONS s DEBT-SERVICE s DEBTOR s DERIVATIVE s DERIVATIVE TRANSACTIONS s DERIVATIVES s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC BOND s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC BORROWINGS s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKET s DOMESTIC INVESTORS s DOMESTIC MARKET s ECONOMIC POLICY s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE RATE s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL BORROWINGS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEBT DATA s EXTERNAL DEBT SERVICE s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL LOAN s EXTERNAL LOANS s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL STRATEGY s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY EXPOSURE s GOVERNMENT BANK s GOVERNMENT BORROWINGS s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN RESOURCE s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR DEBT MANAGEMENT s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDITS s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCE OF GUARANTEES s ISSUANCE OF T-BILLS s ISSUANCES s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDER s LENDERS s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOAN AGREEMENTS s LOAN CONTRACT s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOAN NEGOTIATION s LOAN TERMS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MARKET BORROWING s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET FOR GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s MARKET MAKER s MARKET MAKERS s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET RISKS s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE s MEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORK s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s NATIONAL BORROWING s NATIONAL DEBT MANAGEMENT s NATIONAL PLANNING s OIL RESERVE s OUTSTANDING STOCK s PAYMENT ORDER s PAYMENT ORDERS s PAYMENT SYSTEM s PENSION s PENSION SYSTEM s PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT s PERFORMANCE INDICATOR s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIMARY DEALER s PRIMARY DEALERS s PRIMARY MARKET s PUBLIC BORROWING s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s RE-INVESTMENT s REGISTRY SYSTEM s REPAYMENTS s RESERVE FUND s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK EXPOSURE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK OF DEFAULT s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT OF TRANSACTIONS s SHORT-TERM BILLS s SINKING FUND s SOVEREIGN DEBT s SOVEREIGN GUARANTEES s STOCK OF DEBT s SUB-NATIONAL BORROWING s SUB-NATIONAL DEBT s SUPERVISORY BOARD s T-BILL s T-BILLS s T-BOND s T-BONDS s TRANSACTION s TREASURY s TURNOVER s USE OF DERIVATIVES English en_US The DeMPA is a methodology for assessing public debt management performance through a comprehensive set of indicators spanning the full range of government debt management functions. The DeMPA tool presents debt performance indicators along with a scoring methodology. This report pertains to a debt management performance assessment of Nigeria in 2012. Areas with very high scores include the managerial set-up, evaluation of debt management operations, as well as domestic and external borrowing practices. There have been substantial improvements in management of operational risks, demonstrated by the availability of procedures manuals and data security and back-ups, and in debt reporting 40 17-11-21 00:19:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875317 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17639 Volltext, Open Access

1759730777

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730777 OCoLC 1255604301 WBOKR 17656 EBP 064558991 KEP 064558991 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17656 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Kenya Medium Term Debt Management Strategy, 2011/12-2013/14 Ministry of Finance VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2011 1 Online-Ressource Africa Kenya s ACCOUNTING s ACTIVE DEBT s AMORTIZATION s ANNUAL BORROWING PLAN s AUCTION s AUCTIONS s BALANCE OF PAYMENT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK DEBT s BANK LOAN s BANK RATE s BASIS POINTS s BENCHMARK BONDS s BIDS s BOND s BOND INDEX s BOND ISSUES s BORROWING PLAN s BORROWING STRATEGY s BUDGET DEFICIT s BULLET BOND s BULLET REPAYMENT s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL FLOW s CASH FLOW s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT FINANCING s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL LOAN s COMMERCIAL TERMS s COMPOSITION OF DEBT s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE BOND MARKETS s CORPORATE BONDS s COUPON s COUPON RATE s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT AGENCIES s CREDIT MARKET s CREDIT SPREAD s CREDITORS s CURRENCY COMPOSITION s DATED SECURITIES s DEBT s DEBT ACCUMULATION s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT ISSUES s DEBT LEVEL s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT s DEBT MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS s DEBT MANAGEMENT STRATEGY s DEBT PORTFOLIO s DEBT RECORDING s DEBT REPAYMENT s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT STOCK s DEBT STRATEGY s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s DEGREE OF RISK s DEPOSIT s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKET s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKETS s DOMESTIC FINANCING s DOMESTIC INTEREST RATES s DOMESTIC MARKET s EMERGING MARKETS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENTS s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCING REQUIREMENT s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FIXED INTEREST s FIXED INTEREST RATE s FLOATING RATE s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GRACE PERIOD s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s IMPLICIT GUARANTEES s INFLATION s INFLATION RISK s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE BOND s INFRASTRUCTURE BONDS s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST COST s INTEREST COSTS s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATES ON GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s INTEREST RATES ON TREASURY BILLS s INTERNATIONAL BOND s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL MARKETS s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTOR BASE s INVESTOR DEMAND s IPO s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCE OF TREASURY BILLS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEVEL OF DEBT s LEVEL OF RISK s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENTS s LOAN GUARANTEE s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOCAL ECONOMY s LONG-TERM DEBT s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC RISKS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET CONFIDENCE s MARKET DEEPENING s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET ENVIRONMENT s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRICES s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MATURITY STRUCTURE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS s NATURAL DISASTERS s OVERDRAFT FACILITY s PENSION s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO RISKS s PUBLIC BORROWING s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC FINANCE s RATES OF RETURN s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPO s REPO AGREEMENTS s REPO MARKET s RESERVES s RETAIL INVESTOR s RETURNS s RISK EXPOSURE s SECONDARY MARKET s SECONDARY MARKET TRADING s SECONDARY TRADING s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT OF TRADES s SHORT TERM DEBT s SHORT-TERM BONDS s SHORT-TERM EXTERNAL DEBT s SHORT-TERM INTEREST RATES s SINKING FUND s SOVEREIGN BOND s SOVEREIGN DEBT s SOVEREIGN DEBT MARKETS s SOVEREIGN RISK s STOCK EXCHANGE s TOTAL DEBT s TRADING s TRADING SYSTEM s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILLS s TREASURY BOND s TREASURY BONDS s YIELD CURVE s YIELD CURVES English en_US The objective of debt management in Kenya is to finance the Government financing requirements at the least cost with a prudent degree of risk. The 2011 Medium Term Debt Strategy (MTDS) outlines the government's preferred strategy to guide debt management operations in FY2011-12. It seeks to balance the cost and risk of both the existing public debt portfolio and alternative borrowing mix. This report explores the objectives of debt management in Kenya, an overview of the previous medium term debt strategy, key developments, characteristics of the existing debt portfolio, outcomes of analysis of strategies, debt sustainability and implementing the 2011 MTDS 40 17-11-21 00:19:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875325 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17656 Volltext, Open Access

1759730785

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730785 OCoLC 1255604371 WBOKR 17645 EBP 064558983 KEP 064558983 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17645 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Toolkit on the Appraisal of Small Renewable Energy Projects Tanzania Case Study World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Africa Tanzania s ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY s ACCOUNTING s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY s AMOUNT OF POWER s APPROACH s ARBITRATION s ASSET CLASSES s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK POLICIES s BANK POLICY s BANKING PRACTICES s BED COMBUSTOR s BIOGAS s BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND s BIOMASS s BUDGETING s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY FACTOR s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON FINANCE s CASH FLOW s CASH INFLOWS s CASH RESERVE s CLEAN ENERGY s CLIMATE CHANGE s COGENERATION s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL TERMS s CONSTRUCTION COST s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s COST OF ENERGY s COST OF FEEDSTOCK s COST PER KILOWATT s COUNTRY RISK s CREDIT GUARANTEE s CREDIT LINE s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT POLICIES s CREDIT RISK s CREDITORS s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEBT CONTRACT s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICES s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT-EQUITY s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DIESEL s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s DISTRIBUTION NETWORK s DUE DILIGENCE s ECONOMIC RISKS s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRIC SUPPLY s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY SALES s ELECTRIFICATION s EMISSION s EMISSIONS s EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s ENERGY DEVELOPMENT s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY GENERATION s ENERGY MARKETS s ENERGY OUTPUT s ENERGY PLANNING s ENERGY PRODUCTION s ENERGY SOURCES s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY CONTRIBUTIONS s EQUITY FUNDS s EQUITY INVESTMENT s EQUITY INVESTMENTS s ESCROW s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL DEBT s FEEDSTOCK AVAILABILITY s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL RISKS s FIXED ASSET s FIXED ASSETS s FIXED INTEREST s FIXED INTEREST RATE s FLOOR PRICE s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUELS s FUEL s FUTURE CASH FLOWS s GENERATING CAPACITY s GRACE PERIOD s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GRID CONNECTION s GRID ELECTRICITY s GRID EXTENSION s HEAT s HYDRO-POWER s HYDROELECTRIC PLANT s HYDROELECTRIC PLANTS s HYDROPOWER s INCOME TAX s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATES s INFLATIONARY PRESSURE s INFORMATION DISSEMINATION s INSURANCE s INSURANCE POLICIES s INTANGIBLE s INTANGIBLE ASSETS s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE SPREAD s INTEREST RATE VOLATILITY s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL DEBATE s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT FUNDS s KILOWATT HOUR s KINETIC ENERGY s LACK OF COLLATERAL s LAND TITLE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL FRAMEWORKS s LENDER s LENDERS s LIABILITY s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOAN APPLICATIONS s LOAN OFFICERS s LOCAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LONG-TERM LOANS s MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET MECHANISM s MARKET RISK s MARKET VALUE s METHANE s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION s OXYGEN s PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS s PAYMENT OF INTEREST s PIPELINE s POLITICAL RISK s POWER GENERATION s POWER GENERATION CAPACITY s POWER MIX s POWER PRODUCER s POWER PRODUCERS s POWER PROJECT s POWER PURCHASE AGREEMENTS s POWER STATION s PRINCIPAL PAYMENT s PRINCIPAL PAYMENTS s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PURCHASE OF ELECTRICITY s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RENEWABLE ENERGY s RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT s RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS s RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES s RENEWABLE POWER s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT CAPACITY s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETAIL CUSTOMERS s RETURNS s RISK FACTORS s RISK PREMIUMS s RURAL ENERGY s SAFE INTERCONNECTION s SAND s SHAFT POWER s SHORT-TERM GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s SMALL POWER PRODUCERS s SOLAR ENERGY s SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS s SOLAR PROJECTS s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s TAX s TAX PAYMENTS s TAX RATE s THERMAL PLANTS s TONS OF CARBON s TOTAL DEBT s TRANSMISSION LINE s TRANSMISSION LINES s TRANSMISSION LOSSES s TRANSMISSION SYSTEM s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREATIES s TRUST FUND s TURBINE s TURBINE GENERATOR s TURBINE GENERATORS s UTILITIES s VALUE OF ENERGY s WIND s WIND FARMS s WIND POWER s WIND SPEED s WIND TECHNOLOGY s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US Following this introductory chapter, chapter two continues with a general description of the regulatory, institutional, and policy environment for Renewable Energy (RE) in Tanzania. The chapter describes the main existing institutional arrangements in place and shows that the country's legal framework is conducive to private sector RE initiatives. Chapter three discusses the fundamentals of project finance, the basic components of financial analysis, and common due diligence factors concerning RE investments. This discussion provides a framework for a better understanding of RE financing, which from a banker's point of view requires a different approach than the more traditional balance sheet-focused financing. Chapters 4 through 8 go over each of the most common RE technologies: chapter four: Hydropower; chapter five: biomass; chapter six: biogas; chapter seven: solar PV; and chapter eight: wind. Each of the chapters discusses both the basic technical and financial aspects of the technologies. Each chapter will provide the reader with a basic understanding of the technology in question and the associated financial challenges. In the chapters on hydropower (chapter four) and biomass (chapter five), a financial 'back-of-the-envelope' model is included as well 40 17-11-21 00:19:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875333 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17645 Volltext, Open Access

1759730793

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730793 OCoLC 1255604376 WBOKR 17619 EBP 064558975 KEP 064558975 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17619 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Debt Management Performance Assessment Ethiopia World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Ethiopia s ACCESS TO DEBT s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCOUNTING s ACTUAL DEBT s AMOUNT OF CREDITS s ANNUAL BORROWING PLAN s AUCTION s AUCTION AMOUNTS s AUCTIONS s AUDITOR GENERAL s AUDITORS s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK ACCOUNTS s BANK FINANCING s BID s BIDS s BILATERAL CREDITORS s BONDS s BORROWER s BORROWING PLAN s BORROWING STRATEGY s BUDGETING s BUYBACK s BUYBACKS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM s CASH BALANCE s CASH BALANCES s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOWS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBT s CENTRAL SECURITIES DEPOSITORY s CHECKS s CLAIMANT s COMMERCIAL BANK s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s CREDIT RISK s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s CURRENCY s DATA ENTRY s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT DATA s DEBT DATA RECORDING s DEBT INFORMATION s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES s DEBT MANAGEMENT ACTIVITY s DEBT MANAGEMENT ENTITIES s DEBT MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS s DEBT MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS s DEBT MANAGEMENT STRATEGY s DEBT MANAGERS s DEBT OPERATIONS s DEBT OUTSTANDING s DEBT PAYMENTS s DEBT PORTFOLIO s DEBT PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS s DEBT RATIO s DEBT RECORDING s DEBT RECORDING SYSTEM s DEBT REDUCTION s DEBT RELIEF s DEBT REPORTING s DEBT REPORTS s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SERVICE PAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICE PROJECTIONS s DEBT SERVICING s DEBT STRATEGY s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s DEBT TRANSACTIONS s DEBT-SERVICE s DEBTOR s DEBTOR REPORTING s DEBTOR REPORTING SYSTEM s DEPOSIT s DERIVATIVES s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC BORROWINGS s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT DATA s DOMESTIC FINANCING s DOMESTIC MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC POLICY s ECONOMIC RISK s EQUIPMENT s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT GROWTH s EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL BORROWINGS s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL DEBT DATA s EXTERNAL DEBT SERVICE s EXTERNAL DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s EXTERNAL DEBTS s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL LOAN s EXTERNAL LOANS s FEDERAL BUDGET s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL AUDITS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL FRAMEWORK s FISCAL POLICY s FOREIGN DEBT s GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS s GOVERNMENT BANK s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BORROWINGS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GUARANTEE FEE s HUMAN RESOURCE s HUMAN RESOURCES s INFLATION s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDITS s INTERNATIONAL DEBT s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTMENT SPENDING s ISSUANCE s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LENDER s LEVEL OF DEBT s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOAN AGREEMENTS s LOAN CONTRACT s LOAN GUARANTEE s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOAN NEGOTIATION s LOAN NEGOTIATIONS s LOAN REPAYMENTS s LOCAL CURRENCY s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MATURITY DATE s MATURITY DATES s MEDIUM-TERM DEVELOPMENT s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY AUTHORITIES s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MULTILATERAL DEBT s NATIONAL BANK s OPEN MARKET s OUTSTANDING DOMESTIC DEBT s PAYMENT ORDER s PAYMENT ORDERS s PENSION s PENSION SYSTEM s PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT s PERFORMANCE AUDITS s PERFORMANCE INDICATOR s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT SPENDING s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s REGISTRY SYSTEM s RISK MANAGEMENT s SECONDARY MARKET s SECURITIES s SECURITIES ISSUANCE s SERIAL NUMBER s SETTLEMENT s SOCIAL SECURITY s T-BILL s T-BILLS s T-BONDS s TOTAL CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBT s TOTAL DEBT s TRADE BALANCE s TRAINING IN DEBT MANAGEMENT s TRANSACTION s TREASURY s TREASURY BILLS s TURNOVER s USE OF DERIVATIVES English en_US The DeMPA is a methodology for assessing public debt management performance through a comprehensive set of indicators spanning the full range of government debt management functions. The DeMPA tool presents debt performance indicators along with a scoring methodology. This report pertains to a debt management performance assessment of Ethiopia in 2013, and provides an overview of strengths and weaknesses in government debt management. The following are the significant findings of this assessment: 1) no formal debt management strategy in place, although significant progress has been made over time; 2) there is good coordination and information sharing between the fiscal and monetary authorities and the debt managers; 3) There are documented procedures for external and domestic borrowings as well as for on-lending and loan guarantees; 4) an efficient single treasury account is not yet in place, and surplus cash is invested at low rates; 5) there is an understanding of operational risk but not yet a formal framework for operational risk management; and 6) there are complete and timely debt records for all central government debt and guarantees, with appropriate evaluation and disclosure of information on total central government debt management operations 40 17-11-21 00:19:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875341 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17619 Volltext, Open Access

1759730807

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730807 OCoLC 1255604330 WBOKR 17657 EBP 064558967 KEP 064558967 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17657 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Kenya Medium Term Debt Management Strategy, 2010/11-2012/13 Ministry of Finance VerfasserIn aut Nairobi 2010 1 Online-Ressource Africa Kenya s ACCOUNTING s ACTIVE DEBT s AMORTIZATION s ANNUAL BORROWING PLAN s AUCTION s BALANCE OF PAYMENT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK RATE s BASIS POINTS s BENCHMARK BONDS s BILATERAL CREDITORS s BOND s BOND INDEX s BOND ISSUES s BORROWING PLAN s BORROWING PLANS s BORROWING STRATEGY s BUDGET DEFICIT s BULLET BOND s BULLET REPAYMENT s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL FLOW s CASH FLOW s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL DEBT s COMMERCIAL TERMS s COMPOSITION OF DEBT s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE BOND MARKETS s COUPON s COUPON RATE s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT AGENCIES s CREDIT MARKET s CREDIT SPREAD s CREDITOR s CREDITORS s CURRENCY COMPOSITION s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT DATABASE s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT ISSUES s DEBT LEVEL s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT s DEBT MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS s DEBT MANAGEMENT STRATEGY s DEBT MANAGERS s DEBT PORTFOLIO s DEBT RECORDING s DEBT RECORDING SYSTEM s DEBT REPAYMENT s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT STOCK s DEBT STRATEGY s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS s DEGREE OF RISK s DEPOSIT s DEVALUATION s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISBURSEMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC BORROWING s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC DEBT MARKET s DOMESTIC FINANCING s DOMESTIC INTEREST RATES s DOMESTIC MARKET s EMERGING MARKETS s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENTS s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL FINANCING s EXTERNAL LOANS s EXTERNAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCING REQUIREMENT s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FIXED INTEREST s FIXED INTEREST RATE s FLOATING RATE s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN DEBT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT FINANCING s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GRACE PERIOD s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDINGS s HUMAN RESOURCE s INFLATION s INFLATION RISK s INFLATIONS s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFRASTRUCTURE BOND s INFRASTRUCTURE BONDS s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSTRUMENT s INTEREST COSTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATES ON GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s INTEREST RATES ON TREASURY BILLS s INTERNATIONAL BOND s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKET s INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE s INTERNATIONAL MARKET s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s INVESTOR BASE s INVESTOR DEMAND s INVESTORS IN GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s IPO s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCE OF TREASURY BILLS s LEGAL AUTHORITY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEVEL OF DEBT s LIQUIDITY s LOAN s LOAN AGREEMENT s LOAN GUARANTEE s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOCAL ECONOMY s LONG-TERM DEBT s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC RISKS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET DEEPENING s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET ENVIRONMENT s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRICES s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MATURITY STRUCTURE s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICY s MONEY MARKET s MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS s MULTILATERAL CREDITORS s NATURAL DISASTERS s OVERDRAFT FACILITY s POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT s PORTFOLIO RISKS s PRINCIPAL PAYMENTS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC EXTERNAL DEBT s RATES OF RETURN s REAL INTEREST s REMITTANCE s REMITTANCES s REPO s REPO AGREEMENTS s REPO MARKET s RESERVES s RETAIL INVESTOR s RETAIL INVESTORS s RETURNS s RISK EXPOSURE s RISK OF DEFAULT s SECONDARY MARKET s SECONDARY MARKET TRADING s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT OF TRADES s SHORT-TERM BONDS s SHORT-TERM EXTERNAL DEBT s SHORT-TERM INTEREST RATES s SINKING FUND s SOVEREIGN BOND s SOVEREIGN DEBT s SOVEREIGN DEBT MARKETS s SOVEREIGN RISK s STOCK EXCHANGE s TOTAL DEBT s TOTAL EXTERNAL DEBT s TRADING s TRADING SYSTEM s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREASURY BILL s TREASURY BILLS s TREASURY BONDS s YIELD CURVE s YIELD CURVES English en_US The objective of debt management in Kenya is to finance the Government financing requirements at the least cost with a prudent degree of risk. The 2010 Medium Term Debt Strategy (MTDS) is a versatile public debt management tool linked to the medium term fiscal framework that contains prudent revenue projections and planned expenditures consistent with Kenya's economic recovery effort. The strategy seeks to address the terms of new borrowing, including the appropriate mix between domestic and external debt. This report explores the objectives of debt management in Kenya, an overview of the previous medium term debt strategy, key developments, characteristics of the existing debt portfolio, outcomes of analysis of strategies, debt sustainability and implementing the 2010 MTDS 40 17-11-21 00:19:20.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987535X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17657 Volltext, Open Access

1759730815

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730815 OCoLC 1255604356 WBOKR 17608 EBP 064558959 KEP 064558959 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17608 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Cyclone Phailin in Odisha, October 2013 Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment Report Asian Development Bank VerfasserIn aut Government of Odisha VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ACCESS ROADS s ADEQUATE PROTECTION s AIR s AIRPORTS s APPROPRIATE HOUSING s BLOCKAGE s BRIDGE s BRIDGE INFRASTRUCTURE s BUFFER ZONE s BUS s CANALS s CASUALTIES s CASUALTY s CITIES s COMMUNITIES s COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTURE s CONGESTION s COST OF HOUSING s COVERING s CUBIC METERS s CULVERTS s DAMAGE ASSESSMENT s DAMAGED HOUSES s DAMAGES s DESCRIPTION s DEVASTATION s DISABILITIES s DISASTER s DISASTER EVENTS s DISASTER MANAGEMENT s DISASTER MANAGEMENT CELL s DISASTER RESPONSE s DISASTER RISK s DISASTER RISK REDUCTION s DISASTER RISKS s DISPOSAL SYSTEMS s DISTRICTS s DRAINAGE s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s EARTHQUAKE s EMERGENCIES s EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE s EMERGENCY RESPONSE s EMERGENCY RESPONSE ACTIVITIES s ENGINEERING s EVACUATION s EVACUATIONS s EXCESS WATER s EXTREME EVENTS s FARMERS s FIRE s FIRE DEPARTMENT s FLOOD s FLOOD DAMAGE s FLOOD MANAGEMENT s FLOOD PRONE AREA s FLOOD PROTECTION s FLOODING s FLOODS s FOOD SECURITY s FOREST FIRES s GENERATOR s GENERATORS s GROUND WATER s GROUNDWATER s HABITATS s HAND PUMPS s HEAVY RAINFALL s HOMES s HOSPITALS s HOUSEHOLDS s HOUSES FOR THE POOR s HOUSING s HOUSING DESIGN s HOUSING REHABILITATION s HUTS s INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INHABITANTS s INTERVENTIONS s IRRIGATION s LANDSLIDES s LIGHTING s LIVING CONDITIONS s MEDICAL TEAMS s MEDICINES s MUNICIPALITIES s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL HAZARDS s NATURAL RESOURCES s OCCUPATION s PEAK DEMAND s PHYSICAL DAMAGES s PIPED WATER s PIPELINES s PLANTATIONS s POLICE s PONDS s POPULATION DENSITY s PRESSURE s PUBLIC BUILDINGS s PUBLIC PARKS s PUBLIC TOILETS s PUBLIC WORKS s PUMPING STATIONS s QUALITY OF WATER s RAILWAYS s RAIN s RELIEF s RESCUE s RESCUE TEAMS s RESERVOIRS s RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS s RIVERS s ROAD s ROAD NETWORK s ROAD SHOULDERS s ROADS s RURAL AREAS s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL DRINKING WATER s RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SAFETY s SALINE WATER s SANITATION s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION SERVICES s SELF-HELP s SERVICE STANDARDS s SHELTERS s SLUM s SLUMS s SOCIAL EXCLUSION s SOLID WASTE s STATE HIGHWAYS s STORAGE CAPACITY s STORM s STORM WATER s STORMS s STREET LIGHTING s STREET LIGHTS s TEMPORARY SHELTER s TOLLS s TOWN s TOWNS s TRAFFIC s TRANSPORT s TROPICAL CYCLONES s TSUNAMIS s TUBE WELLS s UNDERGROUND s URBAN AREAS s URBAN DEVELOPMENT s URBAN POPULATION s URBAN ROADS s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s VILLAGE LEVEL s VILLAGES s WASTE DISPOSAL s WATER BODIES s WATER LOGGING s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY MONITORING s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY PIPES s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TABLE s WELLS s WIND SPEED s WIND SPEEDS s YOUTH English en_US The severe cyclone storm "Phailin" that hit the coast of Odisha on October 12, 2013, brought with it very high speed winds and heavy rainfall that caused extensive damages particularly to houses, standing crops, power and communication infrastructure in the coastal districts of the state. The need to immediately start recovery and reconstruction work after Cyclone Phailin, especially in the affected districts, has prompted the state government, in collaboration with the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank, to initiate an assessment of the recovery needs in order to draw up a comprehensive recovery framework. This rapid damage and needs assessment report details the damage caused due to the storm, and the action taken for effective recovery after the impact. It provides a detailed analysis of the affected sectors, the extent of damages sustained, the reconstruction and recovery needs, and the recovery strategy 40 17-11-21 00:19:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875368 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17608 Volltext, Open Access

1759730823

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730823 OCoLC 1255604480 WBOKR 17614 EBP 064558940 KEP 064558940 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17614 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Urban Sanitation Review Indonesia Country Study World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s ABSORPTION s ACTIVATED SLUDGE s AERATED LAGOONS s BILLING s BOD s CHLORINATING s COLLECTION EFFICIENCIES s COLLECTION EFFICIENCY s COMBINED SEWERAGE s COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES s COMMUNAL TOILETS s COMMUNITY SANITATION s COMMUNITY SEWERAGE s CONNECTION s CONNECTION FEES s CONNECTION RATE s CONSTRUCTION s CONVENTIONAL SEWERAGE s DEMAND FOR SANITATION s DESLUDGING s DISPOSAL OF WASTEWATER s DOMESTIC WASTEWATER s DRAINAGE FACILITIES s DRAINAGE SYSTEM s DRAINS s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s EFFLUENT DISCHARGE s EFFLUENT QUALITY s ELECTRICITY s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s EXCRETA s EXTENDED AERATION s FLUSH TOILETS s GROUNDWATER s HIGH LEVELS s HIGH WATER TABLE s HOUSE CONNECTIONS s HUMAN EXCRETA s HYGIENE s INADEQUATE SANITATION s LARGE CITIES s LOW INCOME COMMUNITIES s MONITORING PROGRAM s MUNICIPAL SEWAGE s MUNICIPAL SEWERAGE s NUMBER OF CONNECTIONS s NUMBER OF SEWER CONNECTIONS s NUTRIENT REMOVAL s OXIDATION s OXYGEN s OXYGEN DEMAND s PIPED SEWER SYSTEMS s PIPED WATER s PIPELINES s PITS s POLLUTION s POLLUTION CONTROL s POND s PONDS s POPULATION DENSITY s PUBLIC FACILITIES s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC PARTICIPATION s PUBLIC TOILETS s PUBLIC WORKS s PUMPING s PUMPING STATIONS s QUALITY OF EFFLUENT s QUALITY STANDARDS s RIVERS s SANITATION s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION DEVELOPMENT s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION IMPROVEMENTS s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION INITIATIVES s SANITATION INTERVENTIONS s SANITATION MANAGEMENT s SANITATION OPTIONS s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PRACTICES s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROGRAMS s SANITATION PROMOTION s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SECTOR POLICIES s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION SOLUTIONS s SANITATION SYSTEM s SANITATION SYSTEMS s SANITATION UTILITY s SEEPAGE s SEPARATE SEWERAGE s SEPTIC TANK s SEPTIC TANK DESIGN s SEPTIC TANK SLUDGE s SEPTIC TANKS s SEWAGE s SEWAGE TREATMENT s SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS s SEWER CONNECTION s SEWER NETWORKS s SEWER SYSTEM s SEWER SYSTEMS s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE NETWORK s SEWERAGE NETWORKS s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s SEWERS s SITE SANITATION s SLUDGE s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s STATUS OF SANITATION s STORMWATER s SULLAGE s SUSPENDED SOLIDS s TARGET FOR SANITATION s TOTAL SANITATION s TREATMENT PLANT s TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN COMMUNITIES s URBAN DRAINAGE s URBAN DWELLERS s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN HOUSEHOLDS s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN POPULATIONS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN WASTEWATER s URBAN WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s URBAN WATER s USE OF WATER s USERS s UTILITIES s WASHING s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER DISPOSAL s WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER SECTOR s WASTEWATER SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER TARIFF s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS s WATER AUTHORITY s WATER BODIES s WATER CONNECTION s WATER CONNECTIONS s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCES s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER UTILITY s WELLS English en_US This Indonesia country study forms part of the East Asia urban sanitation review. The review will develop a regional strategic framework to help guide national urban sanitation programs and their implementation in emerging middle income countries. Almost half of Indonesia's population lives in urban areas and their need for safe wastewater management services are growing rapidly. Beginning in 2000, the central government embarked on a series of initiatives to reform water supply and sanitation sector policies. These reforms were aligned with decentralization which devolved responsibility for sanitation to the local government. Despite these initiatives, urban sanitation continues to perform inadequately and faces critical issues that need to be urgently addressed. This document presents a detailed analysis of the issue, as well as recommendations for future action 40 17-11-21 00:19:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875376 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17614 Volltext, Open Access

1759730831

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730831 OCoLC 1255604397 WBOKR 17679 EBP 064558932 KEP 064558932 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17679 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Sana'a A City Development Strategy World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Yemen, Republic of s ACCESS TO LAND s ACCOUNTING s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY s BUDGET ALLOCATIONS s BUILDING MATERIALS s CAPITALS s CENTRAL AGENCIES s CENTRAL BUDGET s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL MINISTRIES s CITIES s CITY COUNCIL s CITY MANAGEMENT s CITY MANAGER s CITY MASTER PLAN s CITY PLANNERS s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES s CONSUMERS s CONTRACTORS s COUNCILORS s DECENTRALIZATION s DEPUTY GOVERNOR s DISTRICT s DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION s DISTRICT ADMINISTRATIONS s DISTRICT CENTERS s DISTRICT COUNCILS s DISTRICT INVESTMENT s DISTRICT LEVEL s DISTRICT LEVELS s DISTRICTS s ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ELECTRICITY s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL REGULATIONS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s GOVERNOR s GOVERNORS s HOUSING s INFLATION s INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS s LAND MANAGEMENT s LAND PRICES s LAND SPECULATION s LAND TENURE s LAND USE s LICENSES s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOCAL ADMINISTRATION s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL AUTONOMY s LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES s LOCAL FISCAL AUTONOMY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL GOVERNMENTS s LOCAL LEVEL s LOCAL REVENUE s MAYOR s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MUNICIPAL FINANCE s MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT s MUNICIPAL SERVICES s MUNICIPALITIES s MUNICIPALITY s NATIONAL-LEVEL AGENCIES s PENALTIES FOR NONCOMPLIANCE s PER CAPITA INCOME s POVERTY ASSESSMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PROPERTY TAXES s PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE s PUBLIC s PUBLIC ASSETS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC GOODS s PUBLIC REVENUE s PUBLIC SECTOR s PUBLIC SECTOR RESTRUCTURING s PUBLIC SERVICES s PUBLIC SPACES s PUBLIC WORKS s REVENUE ASSIGNMENTS s REVENUE BASE s REVENUE COLLECTION s REVENUE COLLECTIONS s REVENUE MANAGEMENT s REVENUE MOBILIZATION s REVENUE PERFORMANCE s REVENUE SHARING s REVENUE SOURCES s ROADS s SECTORAL MINISTRIES s SETTLEMENTS s SEWAGE s STATE EMPLOYEES s STATE LANDS s STREET LIGHTING s SUBNATIONAL s TAX s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX AUTHORITIES s TAX BASE s TAX BASES s TAX COLLECTION s TAX COLLECTORS s TAX ENFORCEMENT s TAX EVASION s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TAX LIABILITY s TAX PAYERS s TAX PAYMENT s TAX RATE s TAX REVENUES s TAXATION s TOTAL EXPENDITURES s TOWN s TOWNS s TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT s TRANSPARENCY s URBAN AREAS s URBAN GROWTH s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN PLANNING s URBAN POOR s URBAN SERVICES s VACANT LAND s VILLAGE English en_US Sana'a is located in an upland basin at an altitude of 2300 meters within a mountainous and semi-arid region of Yemen. Because of its high altitude, the city enjoys a moderate climate year around. The main rainy season is in summer. The nearest port is Hodeidah, roughly 250 kilometers away. Bound by mountains and steep slopes to the east and west, the city has few options but to expand primarily along its north and south axes within its basin. In September 2005 the Sana'a Local Council convened a workshop to initiate the city development strategy (CDS) process, in coordination with The World Bank and the Arab Urban Development Institute (AUDI). Funding and organizational aspects of the CDS were approved in October 2006 by the Cities Alliance, and the CDS process was launched under the leadership of H.E. the Minister of State and Mayor of Sana'a. This publication seeks to summarize the main outcomes of the studies, discussions, and strategic planning accomplished during Sana'a CDS process. Moreover, it aims to serve as a guide for the city's local economic development that is presented in a manner that is accessible to a broad audience 40 17-11-21 00:19:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875384 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17679 Volltext, Open Access

175973084X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:44.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973084X OCoLC 1255604474 WBOKR 17615 EBP 064558924 KEP 064558924 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17615 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Colombia Improving Opportunities for Education II World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Colombia Latin America & Caribbean s ACADEMIC EDUCATION s ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE s ACCESS TO TERTIARY EDUCATION s ACHIEVEMENT s ACHIEVEMENTS s ADDITION s ATTENDANCE RATES s BACKGROUND PAPERS s BASIC EDUCATION s BOOK FAIRS s CALL s CIVIL SOCIETY s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION s CLASSROOM TEACHER s CLASSROOM TIME s CLASSROOMS s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COUNSELING s CURRICULUM s CURRICULUM REFORM s DECENTRALIZATION s DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS s DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE s DRAWING s DROPOUT RATES s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION CYCLE s EDUCATION DELIVERY s EDUCATION EQUITY s EDUCATION LEADERS s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION PROGRAMS s EDUCATION QUALITY s EDUCATION REFORM s EDUCATION REFORMS s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION STRATEGY s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION s EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES s EMPLOYMENT s EQUITABLE ACCESS s ETHNIC GROUPS s FINAL OUTCOMES s FORMAL EDUCATION s GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS s GLOBAL LABOR MARKET s GROSS ENROLLMENT s GROSS ENROLMENT s GROSS ENROLMENT RATES s HIGH DROPOUT s HIGHER EDUCATION s HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INSTRUCTION s INSTRUCTORS s INTERNSHIPS s KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTS s KNOWLEDGE SHARING s LEARNING s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LEARNING PROCESS s LIBRARIES s LITERATURE s LOGIC s MATHEMATICS s MINISTRIES OF EDUCATION s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s OPPORTUNITIES FOR EDUCATION s PAPERS s PEDAGOGICAL MATERIALS s PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE s PEER EDUCATION s PEER REVIEW s POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLMENT s PRINCIPALS s PRINTING s PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s PUBLIC TRAINING s QUALITY ASSURANCE s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF LIFE s QUALITY OF TEACHING s READING s RESEARCHERS s RURAL EDUCATION s SCHOLARSHIPS s SCHOOL ATTENDANCE s SCHOOL AUTONOMY s SCHOOL COSTS s SCHOOL DAY s SCHOOL DIRECTORS s SCHOOL DROPOUTS s SCHOOL GRADUATES s SCHOOL LEVELS s SCHOOL MODEL s SCHOOL STUDENTS s SCHOOL SYSTEM s SCHOOLING s SCHOOLS s SECONDARY EDUCATION s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL GRADUATES s SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS s SECONDARY TEACHER EDUCATION s SERVICE TRAINING s STUDENT ASSESSMENT s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT LOAN s STUDENT LOAN PROGRAM s STUDENT LOANS s TEACHER s TEACHER EDUCATION s TEACHER EVALUATION s TEACHER EVALUATIONS s TEACHER IMPROVEMENT s TEACHER PERFORMANCE s TEACHER QUALITY s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING MATERIALS s TEACHING METHODS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TECHNICAL EDUCATION s TECHNICAL EXPERTISE s TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE s TECHNICAL TRAINING s TERTIARY EDUCATION s TERTIARY EDUCATION REFORM s TERTIARY EDUCATION REFORMS s TERTIARY EDUCATION SYSTEM s TERTIARY LEVELS s TERTIARY SYSTEM s TEST SCORES s TEXTBOOKS s TRANSLATION s UNDERGRADUATE LEVEL s UNDERGRADUATES s UNEMPLOYMENT RATES s UNIVERSITIES s UNIVERSITY RECTORS s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION s WORKERS English en_US This note presents the achievements in second phase of the Programmatic Knowledge Services (PKS) for improving opportunities for education in Colombia and is the final report of the PKS series. The objective of this PKS was to provide evidence and related policy advice to enhance public sector capacity for improved education policy making for the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels and within the Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) sector. The PKS was fully aligned with the country's National Development Plan and with the Bank country partnership strategy. The PKS was a multi-year program, covering FY12-FY14 and was implemented in two phases. This note presents the actions undertaken under second phase (carried out in FY13) and closes the PKS series. The FY14 strategy for the Bank's education program will focus on new lending. Colombia's education sector does not adequately prepare people for a competitive, global labor market. Learning gains, while significant, are not as rapid as needed to set Colombia on a greater path for innovation and growth. The Ministry of Education (MEN) has been undertaking efforts to improve the quality of education at all levels and to expand coverage of secondary and tertiary education 40 17-11-21 00:19:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875392 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17615 Volltext, Open Access

1759730858

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730858 OCoLC 1255602559 WBOKR 20297 EBP 064558916 KEP 064558916 2001 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20297 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Mexico Energy Environment Review World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2001 1 Online-Ressource Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme (ESMAP) no. ESM 241 Latin America & Caribbean Mexico s ACCELERATION SIMULATION MODE s ADVERSE IMPACT s AERODYNAMIC DIAMETER s AGGREGATE DEMAND s AIR POLLUTION s AIR QUALITY s AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT s AIR QUALITY STANDARDS s AIR RESOURCES s ALCOHOLS s AROMATICS s ATMOSPHERE s AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS s BENZENE s CAPITAL FORMATION s CARBON s CARBON DIOXIDE s CARBON MONOXIDE s CARBON TAXES s CARCINOGENS s CATALYTIC CONVERTER s CATALYTIC CRACKING s CERTIFICATION STANDARDS s CETANE IMPROVEMENT ADDITIVES s CETANE INDEX s CETANE NUMBER s CH4 s CHEMICALS s CLEAN AIR s CLEAN AIR ACT s CLIMATE s CLIMATE CHANGE s CO s CO2 s COAL s COLORS s COMBUSTION s COMBUSTION CHAMBER s COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS s COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL s CONCENTRATIONS s CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES s CONSERVATION s CONSUMER DEMAND s CONSUMPTION DATA s CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY s CRUDE OIL s DIESEL s DIESEL FUEL s ECOLOGY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMISTS s ELASTICITY s ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION s ELECTRICITY s EMISSION CERTIFICATION s EMISSION LIMITS s EMISSION STANDARDS s EMISSIONS STANDARDS s EMPLOYMENT s ENERGY CONSUMPTION s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENERGY PRACTICES s ENERGY PRODUCTION s ENGINE s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY s EQUILIBRIUM s ETHERS s EXHAUST SYSTEM s EXPLOITATION s FCCC s FINE PARTICULATE MATTER s FOSSIL FUEL s FOSSIL FUEL CONSUMPTION s FOSSIL FUELS s FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE s FUEL s FUEL OIL s FUEL QUALITY s FUEL SPECIFICATIONS s FUEL SUBSTITUTION s GAS s GAS FLARING s GAS OIL s GASOLINE s GASOLINE SPECIFICATIONS s GASOLINE SULFUR s GASOLINE VEHICLE s GASOLINE VEHICLE POPULATION s GASOLINE VEHICLES s GDP s GHGS s GLOBAL POLLUTANTS s GREENHOUSE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GREENHOUSE GASES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HC s HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS s HYDROCARBONS s HYDROGEN s IMPORTS s INCOME s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME LEVELS s LIVING CONDITIONS s METHANE s METHYL TERTIARY-BUTYL ETHER s MTBE s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL RESOURCES s NITRIC OXIDE s NITROGEN s NITROGEN DIOXIDE s NITROUS OXIDE s NO2 s NOX s OCTANE s OIL PRODUCTION s OILS s OLEFINS s ORGANIC COMPOUNDS s OXIDES s OXIDES OF NITROGEN s OXIDES OF SULFUR s OXYGEN s OZONE s PARTICLES s PETROLEUM GAS s PM10 s POLICY FORMULATION s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POWER GENERATION s POWER PLANTS s PRICE ELASTICITIES s PROGRAMS s REFINERY s REFORMULATED GASOLINE s SAVINGS s SO2 s STREAM s SULFUR DIOXIDE s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY s TEMPERATURE s TRANSPORT s TRANSPORT FUEL s TRANSPORT FUELS s URBAN AIR POLLUTION s VEHICLE s VEHICLE EMISSION s VEHICLE EMISSION STANDARDS s VEHICLE EMISSIONS s VEHICLE INSPECTION s VEHICLE PERFORMANCE s VEHICLES s VOC pha English en_US This energy environment review has two parts. The first addresses greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and examines energy consumption patterns across key economic sectors with a view to forecasting future energy demand and supply, and associated emissions of pollutants (both local and global pollutants but focusing on GHGs. Several energy-pricing instruments for reducing GHG emissions are then examined in terms of their impact on energy consumption and resulting emissions as well as their macroeconomic and socioeconomic consequences. the second part targets urban air pollution ariding from transport emissions and, more specifically, gasoline-fueled vehicles. It examines vehicle fleet characteristics in terms of vehicle technology, vehicle category, age, service and engine size, and relations to emissions. It reviews the history of the vehicle inspection and maintenance (I/M) program in Mexico City to distill lessons, and analyzes the emissions data collected in then I/M program. It studies the link between fuel quality and vehicle performance , and discusses the ramifications of the proposed gasoline specifications in the context of the status of the refining sector in Mexico, the effects of fuel quality development in North America, and likely future vehicle emissions regulations in Mexico 40 17-11-21 00:19:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875406 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20297 Volltext, Open Access

1759730866

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730866 OCoLC 1255604475 WBOKR 17360 EBP 064558908 KEP 064558908 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17360 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Elements to Consider When Establishing the Envisaged Development Bank of Mozambique Policy Note Carlos Leonardo Vicente VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Mozambique s BUDGETING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s DEBT s DEVELOPMENT BANK s EXPENDITURE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL POLICY s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s PRICE VOLATILITY s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SAVINGS s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s RETURNS s TRANSPARENCY English en_US This note identifies elements to consider when establishing and operating the proposed Development Bank of Mozambique (MDB). It is motivated by the recently circulated draft National Development Strategy which calls for the creation of a development bank to promote economic development by mobilizing and allocating financial resources for long-term investment. The note neither endorses nor opposes the establishment of the proposed development bank in Mozambique. The note is organized as follows: following this introduction, section two highlights recent progress in outreach and access to finance in Mozambique and identifies three market gaps, limited availability of long-term finance, agricultural finance, and Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) finance, which are often cited as reasons for government intervention; section three assesses a potential role for the development bank in addressing these gaps; section four discusses elements to consider when establishing and operating such development bank; and section five concludes 40 17-11-21 00:19:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875414 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17360 Volltext, Open Access

1759730874

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730874 OCoLC 1255604493 WBOKR 17361 EBP 064558894 KEP 064558894 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17361 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Generating Sustainable Wealth from Mozambique's Natural Resource Boom Enrique Blanco Armas VerfasserIn aut Ekaterina Gratcheva VerfasserIn aut Dmitry Pevzner VerfasserIn aut Natasha Sharma VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Africa Mozambique s BUDGETING s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s COMMODITY PRICE s COMMODITY PRICES s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s DEBT s DEVELOPMENT BANK s EXPENDITURE s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FISCAL POLICY s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s INVESTMENT PROJECTS s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s PRICE VOLATILITY s PUBLIC INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC SAVINGS s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s RETURNS s TRANSPARENCY English en_US This policy note aims to contribute to a national debate on the management of natural resource revenues. This policy note, part of a broader analytical program that seeks to inform macroeconomic and fiscal policy making in Mozambique to maximize the benefits from natural resource extraction, presents a series of recommendations on managing natural resource revenues. It assumes that the Government of Mozambique will chose to frontload public investments and spend a large share of the revenue from natural resources to meet the country's vast development needs. The policy note is divided in three sections. Section one discusses some of the challenges involved in responsibly managing resource revenues and key factors to consider in developing the fiscal policy framework. Section two presents a simulation exercise to illustrate how a fiscal policy framework that frontloads public spending can be implemented in Mozambique. Section three concludes the discussion and summarizes recommendations for enhancing fiscal and resource management in Mozambique 40 17-11-21 00:19:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875422 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17361 Volltext, Open Access

1759730882

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730882 OCoLC 1255604476 WBOKR 17362 EBP 064558886 KEP 064558886 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17362 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Central-Local Government Relations in Thailand Improving Service Delivery World Bank VerfasserIn aut Bangkok 2012 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Thailand s ACCOUNTABILITY s ANNUAL PERFORMANCE REPORTS s CENTRAL-LOCAL ARCHITECTURE s DECENTRALIZATION s EDUCATION SECTOR s HEALTH SECTOR s NATIONAL DELIVERY STANDARDS s PUBLIC SERVICE ACCESS s REGIONAL ACCESS DISPARITIES English en_US Addressing regional disparities in access to public services is an emerging development challenge for Thailand. A well-functioning system of Central-Local Government Relations and proactive expenditure policy can help achieve this goal. Providing responsive and accountable public services are necessary for maintaining trust of the citizens in government and fostering cohesion within a unitary state like Thailand. Without a reversal of current regional disparities in access to public services and addressing tensions that are present in the central-local architecture, Thailand runs the risk of eroding public trust in government and leading to further polarization. Thailand has a significant opportunity to improve delivery of public services by: (i) making access to public services more uniform across the country; (ii) transitioning fully to a unitary decentralized form of government with clearly demarcated roles and accountability structures between different levels of government (especially within health and education sectors) and to administratively consolidate Laos into larger more financially viable entities; and (iii) establishing national service delivery standards, publishing annual performance reports on these benchmarks along with unit costs of standard goods and supplies procured, and publishing reports on operations at the municipal level 40 17-11-21 00:19:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875430 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17362 Volltext, Open Access

1759730890

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730890 OCoLC 1255604398 WBOKR 17363 EBP 064558878 KEP 064558878 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17363 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Lao PDR Economic Monitor, January 2014 Managing Risks for Macroeconomic Stability World Bank VerfasserIn aut Vientiane 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Lao People's Democratic Republic s ACCESS TO EDUCATION s ACCOUNTABILITY s ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL s ADVERSE SHOCK s ADVERSE SHOCKS s AGRICULTURE s ARREARS s AUTONOMY s BALANCE OF PAYMENT s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK CREDIT s BANK DEBT s BANK LENDING s BANK OF THAILAND s BANK OFFICE s BANK SUPERVISION s BANKING SECTOR s BILATERAL EXCHANGE RATES s BILL s BLOCK GRANT s BLOCK GRANTS s BOND s BOND ISSUANCE s BOND MARKET s BROAD MONEY s BUDGETING s BUFFERS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL GOODS s CAPITAL GOODS IMPORTS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CASH WITHDRAWALS s CHAMBER OF COMMERCE s CIVIL SERVICE s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL BORROWING s COMMODITY PRICES s COMPETITIVENESS s CONSUMER PRICE INDEX s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDITORS s CREDITS s CURRENCY EARNINGS s CURRENT ACCOUNT s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT REPAYMENTS s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DECISION MAKING s DEMAND GROWTH s DEPOSITS s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC BANKING s DOMESTIC CREDIT s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DUE DILIGENCE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ECONOMIC POLICIES s EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s EMERGING MARKETS s EMPOWERMENT s ENROLLMENT s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY STAKE s EQUITY STAKES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE STABILITY s EXCHANGE RATES s EXCISE TAXES s EXPENDITURE s EXPORT EARNINGS s EXPORTS s EXTERNAL BALANCE s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s FAMILIES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL POLICIES s FISCAL POLICY s FOOD PRICE s FOOD PRICES s FOREIGN ASSETS s FOREIGN CURRENCIES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY DEPOSITS s FOREIGN CURRENCY LENDING s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE POLICY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES s FOREIGN RESERVES s GDP s GLOBAL ECONOMY s GOLD s GOLD PRICE s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES s GOVERNMENT REVENUES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GRANT PROGRAMS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOUSEHOLDS s IMPORT s IMPORT GROWTH s IMPORTS s INFLATION s INFLATION EXPECTATIONS s INFLATIONARY PRESSURES s INTERNATIONAL RESERVES s INVESTMENT INFLOWS s LABOR COSTS s LEVERAGE s LOCAL CAPACITY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE s LOSS OF COMPETITIVENESS s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s MACROECONOMIC STABILITY s MAJOR CURRENCIES s MONETARY AUTHORITY s MONETARY FUND s MONETARY POLICIES s MONETARY POLICY s NEGATIVE SHOCKS s NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OPERATING COST s POLITICAL TURMOIL s PRESENT VALUE s PRESENT VALUE OF DEBT s PRICE INFLATION s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRODUCTION COSTS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SCHOOLS s PUBLIC SPENDING s REAL APPRECIATION s REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE s REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATES s REAL EXCHANGE RATE s REAL EXCHANGE RATES s REAL GDP s RECURRENT EXPENDITURE s RESERVE s RETURN s RISK OF DEBT s SCHOOL FACILITIES s SECURITIES s SECURITIES EXCHANGE s SETTLEMENT s SHORTFALLS s SLOWDOWN s SOURCES OF FINANCE s SOVEREIGN BONDS s STRONG CAPITAL INFLOWS s SUPPLY SIDE s SURPLUS s TAX s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TERRORISM s TRADE FACILITATION s TRANCHE s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COSTS s UNCERTAINTY s UNION s VALUATION s VALUE ADDED s VILLAGES s WAGES English en_US The sector focus for this issue concerns school based management, current conditions and recommendations for the future. Lao PDR's education system faces challenges in meeting its goals of providing all students with access to education and improving learning outcomes. The study presents a framework explaining how school based management can help improve education quality. The Lao economy is estimated to grow at 8.1 percent in 2013, fueled by a vibrant resource sector, continued FDI-financed investment in hydropower, and accommodative macro economic policies. Growth is projected to moderate to 7.2 percent in 2014, reflecting a small projected slowdown in some real sectors, mainly mining and construction. Inflationary pressures, mainly through food prices, are not showing signs of dissipating by end 2013. In FY12/13, the fiscal deficit widened markedly due to a combination of a large increase in public sector wages and benefits, and a decline in grants and mining revenues. The FY13/14 budget plan indicates a narrower fiscal deficit of about 4.3 percent. The risk of debt distress remains moderate, according to the recent Joint IMF-World Bank Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA) 2013. While the Bank of Lao PDR maintains nominal exchange rate stability of the Lao kip against major currencies, foreign exchange policy should probably give more consideration to reserve management and competitiveness. Foreign exchange reserves and net foreign assets continued to fall in the third quarter of 2013 40 17-11-21 00:19:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875449 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17363 Volltext, Open Access

1759730904

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730904 OCoLC 1255604500 WBOKR 17367 EBP 06455886X KEP 06455886X 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17367 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Socialist Republic of Vietnam Performance of the Wastewater Sector in Urban Areas, A Review and Recommendations for Improvement World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Vietnam s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACTIVATED SLUDGE s ACTIVATED SLUDGE TREATMENT s AGRICULTURAL WASTES s AMMONIA REMOVAL s ANAEROBIC FILTERS s AQUACULTURE s AUGMENTATION s BENEFITS OF SANITATION s BIOGAS s BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT s BOD s BROAD RANGE s CATCHMENT s CATCHMENT AREA s CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND s COD s COLLECTION SYSTEMS s COMBINED SEWER OVERFLOW s COMBINED SEWER SYSTEMS s COMBINED SEWERAGE s COMBINED SEWERS s COMPOST s COMPOSTING s CONNECTION s CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS s CONSTRUCTION s CONVENTIONAL ACTIVATED SLUDGE s COST RECOVERY s CUBIC METERS s CUBIC METERS PER DAY s DIGESTERS s DISPOSAL OF WASTEWATER s DOMESTIC WASTEWATER s DOMESTIC WATER s DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY s DRAIN s DRAINAGE s DRAINAGE FACILITIES s DRAINAGE NETWORK s DRAINAGE SYSTEM s DRAINAGE SYSTEMS s DRAINAGE WORKS s DRAINS s DRYING BEDS s EFFLUENT DISCHARGE s EFFLUENT QUALITY s EFFLUENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION s FLOOD CONTROL s GROUNDWATER s HIGH LEVELS s HOUSE CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTION s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HYGIENE s IMHOFF TANKS s INADEQUATE SANITATION s INCOMING WASTEWATER s INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER s INDUSTRIAL WATER s INFILTRATION s INVESTMENT COSTS s INVESTMENT PLANNING s IRRIGATION s LAKES s LANDFILLS s LARGE CITIES s LARGE CITY s LIME s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL WATER s NATURAL RESOURCES s NITRIFICATION s ODOR CONTROL s ORGANIC LOAD s ORGANIC MATTER s ORGANIC WASTES s OXIDATION s OXYGEN s OXYGEN DEMAND s PATHOGENS s PERCOLATION s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PH s PIPED SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s PIPED WATER s PIPELINES s PIPING s PITS s PM s POLLUTION s POND s POND SYSTEMS s POPULATION DENSITY s POWER CONSUMPTION s PRETREATMENT s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC SANITATION s PUBLIC SANITATION FACILITIES s PUBLIC SEWER SYSTEM s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC WORKS s PUMPING s PUMPING STATIONS s QUALITY OF WASTEWATER s RAINWATER s RAPID URBANIZATION s RECEIVING WATERS s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s RESOURCE RECOVERY s RIVER BASINS s RUNOFF s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE DISPOSAL s SANITATION s SANITATION COVERAGE s SANITATION DEVELOPMENT s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION FACILITY s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION MANAGEMENT s SANITATION POLICIES s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROBLEMS s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION PROGRAMS s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION SYSTEMS s SEPARATE SEWERAGE s SEPTIC TANK s SEPTIC TANK EFFLUENT s SEPTIC TANK SYSTEMS s SEPTIC TANKS s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SEWAGE s SEWAGE COLLECTION s SEWAGE SLUDGE s SEWAGE TREATMENT s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE CONNECTIONS s SEWERAGE NETWORK s SEWERAGE SERVICE s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SEWERAGE SYSTEMS s SLUDGE DISPOSAL s SLUDGE DRYING s SLUDGE DRYING BEDS s SLUDGE TREATMENT SYSTEMS s SOILS s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s STABILIZATION s STABILIZATION PONDS s SUSPENDED SOLIDS s TARIFF REFORM s TARIFF SETTING s TIN s TOILETS s TOWNS s TREATED WASTEWATER s TREATMENT PLANT s TRICKLING FILTERS s TRUNK SEWERS s URBAN AREA s URBAN AREAS s URBAN COMMUNITY s URBAN DRAINAGE s URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN SANITATION PROBLEMS s URBAN SEWERAGE s URBAN WASTEWATER s URBAN WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s USERS s VOLUMES OF WASTEWATER s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER CHARACTERISTICS s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WASTEWATER DISCHARGE s WASTEWATER ENTERPRISES s WASTEWATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER REGULATIONS s WASTEWATER SECTOR s WASTEWATER SERVICES s WASTEWATER STABILIZATION PONDS s WASTEWATER SYSTEM s WASTEWATER SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER TARIFF s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS s WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES s WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY s WASTEWATERS s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SUPPLY s WATER TARIFFS s WATER USE pha English en_US Vietnam is facing the challenge of trying to keep pace with increasing environmental pollution associated with rapid urbanization, especially in the larger cities. Over the past 20 years, the Government of Vietnam has made considerable effort to develop urban sanitation policies, legislations and regulations, and to invest in urban sanitation including wastewater treatment systems. This study is one of three country studies conducted in the emerging countries of Vietnam, the Philippines, and Indonesia as part of the East Asian urban sanitation review. It reviews the effectiveness of the wastewater sector in Vietnam and makes recommendations to the Government on actions to scale up the sector to improve its performance. Lessons that emerge from this study can be considered for the on-going and or the next generation of wastewater systems 40 17-11-21 00:19:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875457 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17367 Volltext, Open Access

1759730912

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730912 OCoLC 1255604496 WBOKR 17355 EBP 064558851 KEP 064558851 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17355 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Poland International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Poland s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ASSET CLASS s ASSET CLASSES s ASSET PRICES s ASSET QUALITY s BACKED SECURITIES s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK BALANCE SHEETS s BANK CREDIT s BANK DEBT s BANK GUARANTEE s BANKING CRISIS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SECTOR ASSETS s BANKING SECTORS s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKING UNION s BANKRUPTCY s BOND s BOND INVESTOR s BOND MARKET s BOND MARKETS s BONDS s BORROWER s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL FLOWS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CENTRAL BANKS s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANK ASSETS s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL MORTGAGE s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONSOLIDATION PROCESS s CONSUMER LOAN s CONSUMER LOANS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s COOPERATIVE BANKS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE STOCK s CREDIBILITY s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT EXPANSION s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT LINE s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT UNION s CREDIT UNIONS s CREDITOR s CREDITOR CLAIMS s CREDITOR RIGHTS s CREDITORS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY MATCHING s CURRENCY MISMATCHES s DEBT s DEBT INSTRUMENTS s DEBT SECURITIES s DEBTOR s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITOR s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DOMESTIC BANKS s DOMESTIC BOND s DOMESTIC BOND MARKETS s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKETS s DOMESTIC INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s DOMESTIC LIQUIDITY s DOMESTIC MARKETS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EXCHANGE COMMISSION s EXPENDITURE s EXTERNAL DEBT s EXTERNAL INVESTORS s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CONTAGION s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SAVINGS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FLOATING EXCHANGE RATE s FORECLOSURE s FORECLOSURE PROCEDURES s FORECLOSURES s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s FOREIGN INVESTOR s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BOND YIELD s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GUARANTEE FUND s HOLDINGS s HOST COUNTRY s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE CORPORATION s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INTEREST INCOME s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE SWAPS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL AUDITS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTMENT STRATEGIES s INVESTOR BASE s ISSUANCE s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGAL PROTECTIONS s LEGAL SYSTEM s LIABILITY s LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY PROBLEMS s LOAN s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LONG-TERM CAPITAL s LOSS OF CONFIDENCE s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s MACROECONOMIC POLICIES s MANDATORY PENSION FUNDS s MARKET INSTRUMENTS s MARKET SHARE s MARKET STRUCTURE s MARKET SUPERVISION s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MONETARY POLICY s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE LOAN s MORTGAGE LOANS s MORTGAGE MARKET s MORTGAGES s MUNICIPAL BONDS s MUTUAL FUNDS s NATIONAL BANK s NATIONAL DEBT s NATIONAL SAVINGS s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NONPERFORMING LOANS s NPL s OPEN MARKET s OPERATIONAL INDEPENDENCE s OUTSTANDING STOCK s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION REFORMS s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO INFLOWS s PORTFOLIOS s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PRUDENTIAL SUPERVISION s PUBLIC DEBT s RATES OF INTEREST s REAL ESTATE COLLATERAL s REGULATORY CONSTRAINTS s RESERVE s RESERVES s RESIDENTIAL MORTGAGE s RESIDENTIAL MORTGAGES s RISK FACTOR s RISK FACTORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK PROFILE s SAFETY NET s SAFETY NETS s SALE OF STOCKS s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITY INTERESTS s SHARE OF ASSETS s SHAREHOLDER s SOLVENCY s SOVEREIGN BOND s STOCK EXCHANGE s SUPERVISORY AGENCY s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s SUPERVISORY BOARD s SUPERVISORY POWERS s TAX s TERRORISM s TRANSFER OF SECURITY s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TREATY s TRUSTEES s TURNOVER s UNIVERSAL BANKS s VALUATIONS English en_US Diversifying Poland's financial system to meet new demands while preserving its resilience and stability is the key task ahead for financial policymakers. Over the past decade, the financial system has grown rapidly and risks have been well managed along the way. To maintain this track record and supply the financial services needed to support the economy's growth, it will be important to develop nonbank financial intermediation, prepare for possible further consolidation and exit of financial institutions, especially cooperatives, credit unions (SKOKs), and small banks, and promote a competitive banking system, relying less on foreign funding. While these developments will be largely market driven, they need to be supported by enabling regulatory reform and the modernization of the financial oversight framework: supervision focused on risk management, including an independent systemic risk perspective, strong safety nets, and state-of-the-art resolution tools will be indispensable. A joint IMF-World Bank mission visited Poland from February 19 - March 6, 2013 to undertake an update of the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) conducted in 2006. This report summarizes the main findings of the mission, identifies key financial sector vulnerabilities, and provides policy recommendations 40 17-11-21 00:19:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875465 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17355 Volltext, Open Access

1759730920

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730920 OCoLC 1255604077 WBOKR 17354 EBP 064558843 KEP 064558843 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17354 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Romania Financial Sector Assessment World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACTIVE MARKET s ASSET MANAGEMENT s AUDITING s AUDITORS s AUTONOMY s AVAILABILITY OF CREDIT s BALANCE SHEET s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK FINANCING s BANK LENDING s BANK LIQUIDITY s BANK LOAN s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SUPERVISION s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKS s BROKERS s BUY-BACKS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL ALLOCATIONS s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPITALIZATION s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY s CENTRAL SECURITIES DEPOSITORY s CLEARING HOUSE s COLLATERAL s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s CONSOLIDATED SUPERVISION s CONTINGENCY PLANNING s CORPORATE CLIENTS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE LAW s COUNTRY RISK s CREDIT ASSESSMENT s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT COOPERATIVES s CREDIT EXPANSION s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT INFORMATION s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT UNIONS s CREDITORS s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT s DEBT PAYMENT s DEBT RESTRUCTURING s DEBTOR s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSITS s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKET s DOMESTIC CURRENCY s DOMESTIC INTEREST RATES s DOMESTIC LIQUIDITY s ELIGIBLE COLLATERAL s EMERGING MARKETS s ENFORCEMENT POWERS s EQUITY VALUES s EXCHANGE RATE s EXIT MECHANISMS s EXPOSURE s EXPOSURES s FAIR VALUE s FINANCIAL AUTHORITIES s FINANCIAL CONGLOMERATE s FINANCIAL CRISES s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL SECTOR STABILITY s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEM STABILITY s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY DEBT s FOREIGN CURRENCY DEPOSITS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISKS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FUND MANAGEMENT s FUND MANAGERS s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNMENT BANKRUPTCY s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT BORROWINGS s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATES s GUARANTEE FUND s HOME COUNTRIES s ILLIQUID MARKET s INFLATION s INFLATION RISK s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICE s INTERNATIONAL CREDIT s INTERNATIONAL CREDIT RATINGS s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS s ISSUANCE s JUDICIAL SYSTEM s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGISLATION s LENDER s LENDER OF LAST RESORT s LENDERS s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RISK s LOAN s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET CONFIDENCE s MARKET EFFICIENCY s MARKET INFORMATION s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET INSTRUMENTS s MARKET LIQUIDITY s MARKET MAKER s MARKET MAKING s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MATURITY s MINIMUM RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s MONETARY FUND s MONEY MARKET s MORAL HAZARD s NATIONAL SECURITIES s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NPL s OVERDUE LOANS s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSION SYSTEM REFORM s PENSIONS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT s PRIMARY DEALER s PRIMARY DEALERS s PRIVATE PENSION s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRIVATIZATION s PROBABILITY OF DEFAULT s PROBLEM BANKS s REAL ESTATE REGISTRY s REGISTRATION FEES s REGISTRY REFORM s REGULATORS s REGULATORY AGENCIES s REGULATORY AUTHORITIES s REGULATORY BARRIERS s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s REPO s RESERVE s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RESERVE REQUIREMENTS s RESERVES s RETIREMENT s RETURN s RISK AVERSION s RISK MANAGEMENT s RULES FOR MARKET s SAFETY NET s SAVINGS s SAVINGS SERVICES s SECURITIES MARKET s SECURITIES MARKETS s SECURITIES REGISTRATION s SEIZURE s SELF-REGULATION s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT SYSTEMS s SHAREHOLDERS s SHORT-TERM LIQUIDITY s SINGLE MARKET s SOLVENCY s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK EXCHANGES s SUBSIDIARIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s SWAPS s SYSTEMIC RISK s TERRORISM s TIER 1 CAPITAL s TIER 2 CAPITAL s TRADING s TRADING ACTIVITY s TRANSITION ECONOMIES s TRANSPARENCY s VALUATION s WARRANTS English en_US This financial sector assessment (FSA) summarizes the key findings and recommendations of the 2008 FSAP update report for Romania. The main findings of the FSAP update are: the financial system entered the crisis well capitalized and with high liquidity buffers, and the four financial sector regulatory authorities have made significant progress in adopting international best practice, including through transposition of European Union (EU) directives, and implementation of many of the recommendations of the 2003 FSAP. While the banking system is currently well capitalized, the rapid deterioration in economic conditions and the depreciation of the leu may put strains on bank capital. The measures to strengthen the system are needed: an ex ante strengthening of capital positions is warranted; the overall exposure of foreign parent banks to Romania should be maintained; banks need to develop effective debt restructuring or workout procedures for household and corporate clients; crisis management coordination should be accelerated; bank resolution powers strengthened; and deposit insurance funding and payout arrangements improved. Some cross-sectoral themes emerge to strengthen the supervisory frameworks, including the need to strengthen the political independence and financial autonomy of the non-bank financial regulators; better cross-sectoral cooperation in supervision of financial groups; further movement toward a more risk-based approach to supervision; better consistency in valuation rules for market instruments; adoption of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) accounting; and in the banking sector, strengthening of the basel two implementation framework. Longer term developmental issues include the need to address obstacles to capital market development, certain risks in insurance, and to ensure sustainability of the pension system reform 40 17-11-21 00:19:21.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875473 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17354 Volltext, Open Access

1759730939

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730939 OCoLC 1255604514 WBOKR 17366 EBP 064558835 KEP 064558835 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17366 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Regional Gas Trade Projects in Arab Countries, Volumes 1 and 2 World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Middle East Middle East and North Africa North Africa s ALTERNATIVE ENERGY s ANNUAL GROWTH s ASSOCIATED GAS s ASSOCIATED GAS PRODUCTION s AUGMENTATION s AVAILABILITY s BALANCE s BARRELS OF OIL s BARRELS PER DAY s BORDER ELECTRICITY TRADE s COAL s COMPRESSORS s CONTRACTUAL ARRANGEMENTS s CONVENTIONAL GAS s COST OF GAS s CRUDE OIL s DEMAND FOR GAS s DEMAND FOR POWER s DESALINATION s DIAMETER PIPELINE s DIESEL s DIESEL OIL s DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION s DOMESTIC DEMAND s DOMESTIC ENERGY s DOMESTIC GAS s DOMESTIC PRICES s DOMESTIC PRODUCTION s DOMESTIC PRODUCTION OF GAS s DOMESTIC SUPPLY s DOMESTIC USE s DRY GAS s ELECTRIC POWER s ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ELECTRICITY DEMAND s ELECTRICITY GENERATION s ELECTRICITY PRICES s ENERGY CONSERVATION s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY OUTLOOK s ENERGY PRICES s ENERGY SECTOR s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s EXPORTS OF GAS s EXTRACTION s FEEDSTOCK s FEEDSTOCK TRANSPORT s FISCAL TERMS s FOSSIL s FOSSIL FUEL s FUEL s GAS s GAS AND ELECTRICITY s GAS AVAILABILITY s GAS BUSINESS s GAS COMPANY s GAS CONSUMPTION s GAS DEMAND s GAS DEVELOPMENT s GAS EXPLORATION s GAS EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT s GAS EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION s GAS EXPORTER s GAS EXPORTS s GAS FIELD s GAS FIELDS s GAS FLOW s GAS IMPORT s GAS IMPORTS s GAS INDUSTRY s GAS MARKETS s GAS NETWORK s GAS PIPELINE s GAS PIPELINE SYSTEM s GAS PIPELINES s GAS PRICE s GAS PRICES s GAS PRICING s GAS PRICING FRAMEWORK s GAS PRICING POLICIES s GAS PRODUCTION s GAS PROFILES s GAS PROJECTS s GAS PURCHASES s GAS RESERVE s GAS RESERVES s GAS RESERVOIR s GAS RESOURCES s GAS SALES s GAS SECTOR s GAS SECTOR REFORM s GAS SHORTAGES s GAS SUBSIDIES s GAS SUPPLIER s GAS SUPPLIERS s GAS SUPPLIES s GAS SUPPLY s GAS TRADE s GAS TRANSMISSION s GAS TRANSMISSION PIPELINE s GAS TRANSPORT s GAS USE s GAS-RICH COUNTRIES s GASES s GASIFICATION s GENERATING CAPACITY s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEAVY FUEL OIL s HIGHER GAS s IMPORT TERMINALS s INCOME s INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY s INTERNATIONAL GAS TRADE s INTERNATIONAL OIL COMPANIES s KILOWATT HOUR s LIQUEFACTION s LIQUID FUELS s LNG s LNG PROJECTS s LNG TERMINAL s MARGINAL COST s MARKET CONDITIONS s METHANE s MILLION BARRELS s MILLION BARRELS PER DAY s MILLION CUBIC FEET PER DAY s MILLION TONS OF OIL s MINERAL s MINERAL RESOURCES s NATIONAL GAS s NATURAL GAS s NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION s NATURAL GAS EXPORTS s NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY s NATURAL GAS MARKET s NATURAL GAS PRICES s NATURAL GAS PRODUCTION s NATURAL GAS RESERVE s NATURAL GAS RESERVES s NATURAL GAS RESOURCES s NUCLEAR DISASTER s NUCLEAR PLANTS s NUCLEAR POWER s NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS s OFFSHORE GAS s OFFSHORE PIPELINES s OIL s OIL AND GAS s OIL COMPANIES s OIL EQUIVALENT s OIL FIELDS s OIL PRODUCTION s OIL RECOVERY s OIL RESERVES s OIL TRADE s OIL WELLS s ONSHORE GAS PIPELINE s OPEC s ORGANIZATION OF ARAB PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES s PETROCHEMICALS s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES s PIPELINE s PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION s PIPELINE EXPANSION s PIPELINE FACILITIES s PIPELINE GAS s PIPELINE IMPORTS s PIPELINE PROJECT s PIPELINE PROJECTS s PIPELINE SYSTEMS s PIPELINE TRADE s PIPELINE TRANSPORT s POWER s POWER GENERATION s POWER PLANT s POWER PLANTS s POWER PRODUCER s POWER SECTOR s POWER SECTORS s POWER SHORTAGES s POWER STATIONS s PRICE OF GAS s PRICE OF NATURAL GAS s PRICES FOR GAS s PRIMARY ENERGY s PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION s PRIMARY ENERGY DEMAND s PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION s PROBABLE RESERVES s PRODUCTION LEVEL s PRODUCTION OF GAS s PROVEN NATURAL GAS s PROVEN RESERVES s RAW GAS s RENEWABLE ENERGY s SOUR GAS s SPOT MARKET s SUPPLY COSTS s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s THERMAL UNIT s TRANSMISSION CAPACITY s TREATIES s WORLD CONSUMPTION s WORLD DEMAND s WORLD ENERGY English en_US Arab countries hold about 29 percent of the world's proven gas reserves, but every country (except Qatar and Algeria) is short of the gas supply needed to meet its current and projected demand. The rapid growth in gas demand is mostly a consequence of a sharp increase in electricity consumption. Gas trade in the Arab world has been dominated by the objective of exporting gas in the form of liquefied natural gas (LNG) to points in Asia, Europe, and North America. Gas trade within the region is limited to rather small volumes, moved from Algeria to Tunisia and Morocco; from Egypt to Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon; and from Qatar to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) - all through pipelines. The shortage of gas in the Arab countries has become more pronounced, justifying the higher gas prices needed to secure imported gas or to encourage domestic gas production. Such changes in the landscape provide an impetus for the Arab world to optimize the region's gas resources, at least partly on the basis of meeting growing regional demand. The objective of this study is to assist the attempt by: (i) identifying the opportunities for gas trade through cross-border gas pipelines and LNG; (ii) assessing the economic and political aspects of the identified projects; (iii) presenting financing and implementation schemes that utilize the synergy between the public and private sector in project formulation and development; and (iv) reviewing the legal, regulatory, and contractual requirements conducive to regional gas trade. The study focuses on 16 Arab countries situated in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Although the MENA region includes some high-income countries (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the UAE, Qatar, and others), the emphasis of the study is on the low- and middle-income countries of the region. The study draws upon publicly available information on gas reserves, demand, and supply to carry out an economic analysis of gas trade projects and identify the prospective projects for implementation in the short to medium term 40 17-11-21 00:19:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875481 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17366 Volltext, Open Access

1759730947

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730947 OCoLC 1255604501 WBOKR 17359 EBP 064558827 KEP 064558827 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17359 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Program - Poland Housing Finance Technical Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Poland s ALLOCATION OF CAPITAL s AMORTIZATION s ARBITRAGE s ASSET BACKED SECURITIES s ASSET CLASS s ASSET LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s ASSET POOL s ASSET POOLS s ASSET PRICE s ASSET PRICES s ASSET QUALITY s AVAILABILITY OF CREDIT s BAILOUT s BALANCE SHEET s BALANCE SHEETS s BANK INVESTORS s BANK LIQUIDITY s BANK SUPERVISION s BANKING REGULATION s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BANKRUPTCY s BOND s BOND ISSUANCE s BOND ISSUER s BOND ISSUERS s BONDHOLDERS s BONDS s BORROWER s BROKERS s BULLET REPAYMENTS s CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL ALLOCATION s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKET TRANSACTIONS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CASH FLOWS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL BANKS s CHECKS s COLLATERAL POOLS s COLLATERALIZATION s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COMMERCIAL MORTGAGE s COMMERCIAL MORTGAGES s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONSUMER CREDIT s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CREDIT AGENCY s CREDIT INSTITUTION s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT MARKETS s CREDIT QUALITY s CREDIT RATING s CREDIT RATINGS s CREDIT RISK s CREDIT RISKS s CREDITORS s CURRENCY s CURRENCY RISK s DEBT s DEBT INSTRUMENTS s DEBT SECURITIES s DEFAULTS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSIT TAKING INSTITUTIONS s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DERIVATIVES s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DUE DILIGENCE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EMERGING ECONOMIES s EMERGING MARKETS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s EXTERNAL CREDIT ENHANCEMENT s EXTERNAL CREDIT RATINGS s FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCIAL SYSTEMS s FIXED INCOME s FORECLOSURE s FORECLOSURE PROCEDURES s FOREIGN BANKS s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN INVESTORS s GLOBAL MARKET s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HEDGE FUNDS s HOLDING s HOME MORTGAGE s HOUSING FINANCE s INCOME INSTRUMENTS s INDIVIDUAL LOAN s INFLATION s INFORMATION ASYMMETRY s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSTRUMENT s INSURANCE s INSURANCE CORPORATION s INSURANCE PRODUCT s INSURANCE PRODUCTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE CALCULATION s INTEREST RATE SWAPS s INTEREST RATE VOLATILITY s INTEREST RATES s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INVESTMENT REGIME s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR INTEREST s IRREGULAR INCOMES s ISSUANCE s LEGAL AGREEMENTS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK s LENDER s LENDERS s LEVEL OF RISKS s LIABILITY s LIABILITY COMPOSITION s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY RATIOS s LIQUIDITY RISK s LOAN s LOAN AMOUNT s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOAN QUALITY s LOAN STOCK s LOAN TERM s LOAN TERMS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LONG-TERM CAPITAL s LONG-TERM INVESTORS s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DEVELOPMENT s MARKET DISTORTIONS s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET INTERMEDIARY s MARKET MAKING s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET PRACTICES s MARKET RISK s MARKET SHARE s MARKET SIZE s MARKET STABILITY s MARKET STRUCTURE s MARKET VALUE s MARKETABLE SECURITIES s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MORAL HAZARD s MORTGAGE s MORTGAGE FINANCE s MORTGAGE LOAN s MORTGAGE LOANS s MORTGAGE MARKET s MORTGAGE MARKETS s MORTGAGES s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NPL s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO ALLOCATIONS s PORTFOLIO DIVERSIFICATION s PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT s PORTFOLIO PERFORMANCE s PORTFOLIO RISK s PORTFOLIO RISK MANAGEMENT s PORTFOLIO RISKS s PORTFOLIOS s PREPAYMENT s PRICE FORMATION s PROVISIONING RULES s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s REAL ESTATE COLLATERAL s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS s REGULATORY OVERSIGHT s REGULATORY PRACTICES s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT CAPACITY s REPO s RESERVES s RESIDENTIAL MORTGAGE s RESIDENTIAL MORTGAGES s RETURNS s RISK FACTORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK PROFILE s RISKY ASSETS s SECONDARY TRADING s SHORT-TERM DEPOSIT s SOLVENCY s SOVEREIGN DEBT s SOVEREIGN RATING s SOVEREIGN RISK s STOCK EXCHANGE s SWAP s TAX s TIMELY PAYMENT s TRANCHES s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TRUSTEE s UNDERLYING ASSETS s UNDERLYING MORTGAGES s UNIVERSAL BANKS s VALUATION English en_US This note primarily addresses the mortgage market development objectives, although the regulator is encouraged to consider the use of the macro prudential tools at its disposal for institutional and systemic stability of the mortgage sector as the current portfolio outstanding is large and risky and thus presents a negative performance outlook. The rest of the material is structured as follows. Firstly, brief background information on recent Polish mortgage sector evolution provides context. Secondly, details of certain regulatory initiatives are discussed with the view on potential strengthening. Thirdly, suggestions for modernization of certain features of the current capital market funding framework are provided; specifically on expanding the issuance of Mortgage Covered Bond (MCBs) to the universal banks as well as bringing the framework in line with the latest global best practices 40 17-11-21 00:19:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987549X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17359 Volltext, Open Access

1759730955

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730955 OCoLC 1255604359 WBOKR 17358 EBP 064558819 KEP 064558819 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17358 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Program - Poland Credit Union Sector Regulatory and Supervisory Framework in Transition World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Poland s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES s ACCOUNTING RECORDS s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS s ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIONS s ALM s AMOUNT DUE s ARREARS s ASSET CLASS s ASSET LIABILITY MANAGEMENT s ASSET RATIO s ASSETS RATIO s AUDITING s BALANCE SHEET s BANK ACCOUNT s BANK GUARANTEE s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEMS s BANKRUPT s BOND s BOND INSURANCE s BONDS s BOOK VALUE s BORROWER s BUSINESS PLAN s BUSINESS PLANS s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIOS s CAPITAL ADEQUACY REQUIREMENTS s CAPITAL BASE s CAPITAL CONCENTRATION s CAPITAL GROWTH s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPITAL STANDARDS s CAPITALIZATION s CASH FLOW s CLAIM s CODE OF ETHICS s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL LOAN s COMMERCIAL PAPER s COMMERCIAL TERM s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONFLICTS OF INTEREST s CONSOLIDATION s CONSOLIDATION PROCESS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONTRACTUAL RIGHTS s CORRECTIVE ACTION s COUNTRY CREDIT s CREDIT BUREAU s CREDIT CONTROL s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDIT UNION s CREDIT UNIONS s CREDITORS s CREDITS s DEBIT CARD PRODUCTS s DEBT s DEBTS s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT GUARANTEE s DEPOSIT INSURANCE s DEPOSIT INSURANCE SCHEME s DEPOSIT INSURANCE SYSTEM s DEPOSITORS s DEPOSITS s DISPOSITION s DIVIDEND s DIVIDENDS s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s ENFORCEMENT OF SECURITY s EQUITY INVESTMENTS s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL CREDIT s FACE VALUE s FINANCIAL DATA s FINANCIAL INFORMATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL PROBLEMS s FINANCIAL RATIOS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SITUATION s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL STRENGTH s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FIXED ASSETS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK s GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES s GUARANTEE FUND s HOLDING s INCOME STATEMENT s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INSOLVENCY s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE CORPORATION s INTEREST INCOME s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATE RISKS s INTEREST RATES s INTEREST RATES ON LOANS s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL AUDITS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL CREDIT s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES s INVESTMENT ACTIVITY s INVESTMENT POLICY s LAWS s LEGAL RIGHT s LEGAL RIGHTS s LIABILITY s LIEN s LINE OF CREDIT s LINES OF CREDIT s LIQUID ASSETS s LIQUIDATION s LIQUIDATIONS s LIQUIDITY s LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT s LIQUIDITY PROBLEM s LIQUIDITY RATIO s LLC s LOAN s LOAN AMOUNTS s LOAN APPLICATION s LOAN APPROVAL s LOAN BALANCE s LOAN CONTRACT s LOAN DECISION s LOAN DEMAND s LOAN DOCUMENTATION s LOAN LOSS s LOAN LOSS PROVISIONING s LOAN LOSSES s LOAN PAYMENTS s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN REPAYMENT s LOAN SIZE s MANDATE s MARKET VALUE s MATURITIES s MATURITY s MATURITY DATES s MERGERS s MINIMUM CAPITAL RATIO s NATURAL DISASTERS s NET LOSS s NET PROFIT s NEW CREDIT s OPERATING EXPENSES s OPERATIONAL RISKS s OUTSTANDING LOAN s OVERDUE LOANS s PENALTIES s PORTFOLIO s PORTFOLIO DIVERSIFICATION s PORTFOLIOS s PRINCIPAL REPAYMENT s PROBLEM LOANS s PROFITABILITY s PRUDENTIAL STANDARD s PRUDENTIAL STANDARDS s REDEMPTION s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY RESTRICTIONS s REGULATORY STANDARDS s REHABILITATION PLANS s REHABILITATION PROGRAMS s REORGANIZATION s REORGANIZATION PROCEEDINGS s REPAYMENT SCHEDULE s RESERVE s RESERVE FUND s RESERVE FUNDS s RESERVE REQUIREMENT s RESERVES s RESTRICTIONS ON LOANS s RETAINED EARNINGS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISKY LOANS s SAVINGS s SAVINGS ACCOUNTS s SAVINGS DEPOSITS s SECURITIES s SETTLEMENT s SETTLEMENT SERVICES s SETTLEMENTS s SMALL LOANS s SOLVENCY s SOUND FINANCIAL FOOTING s SOUND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s SUPERVISORY AGENCY s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s SUPERVISORY BOARD s SUPERVISORY BOARDS s SUPERVISORY FRAMEWORK s SUPERVISORY POWERS s SYSTEMIC STABILITY s TERM DEPOSITS s TITLE s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s VALUATION s VALUATION OF COLLATERAL s VARIABLE INTEREST RATES s WINDING UP s WITHDRAWAL English en_US A World Bank-International Monetary Fund (IMF) mission visited Warsaw February 19 - March 5, 2013, to undertake an update of the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) conducted in 2006. The team was led by Luc Everaert (IMF) and Brett Coleman (World Bank) and included Karl Driessen, Nancy Rawlings, Yinqiu Lu, Jorge Chan-Lau, Rishi Ramchand (all IMF), Katia D'Hulster, Heinz Rudolph, Andrey Milyutin, John Pollner, Ignacio Tirado (all World Bank), as well as external experts David Walker (Canadian Deposit Insurance Corporation), Monnie Biety (independent consultant), and Fernando Montes-Negret (former World Bank and IMF). This note is prepared by Monnie Biety. The primary focus of this note is on the legal, regulatory, and supervisory framework of Poland's credit unions (SKOKs) at a time when the authorities are transitioning them to a stronger, more stable footing. The note reviews the law, regulations, and supervision regime in force at the time of the FSAP mission and suggests ways to help strengthen the SKOKs in a phased manner that gives viable SKOKs the necessary time and support to meet the new requirements. While the draft law was not reviewed during the FSAP as it was anticipated that there were to be many changes to the draft, key aspects of the draft law were analyzed using information and reports gathered that discussed the contents of the law. The note concludes with a discussion of these elements of the draft law. Numeric data used in this report were provided by National Association of Savings and Credit Unions (NASCU) during the FSAP mission, with some corrections provided by KNF post mission 40 17-11-21 00:19:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875503 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17358 Volltext, Open Access

1759730963

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730963 OCoLC 1255604401 WBOKR 17364 EBP 064558800 KEP 064558800 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17364 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Honduras Public Expenditure Review Towards Restoring Fiscal Consolidation World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Honduras Latin America & Caribbean s DECENTRALIZATION s EDUCATION s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s GLOBAL FISCAL DEFICIT s HEALTH s INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC EXPENDITURES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SERVICES English en_US Fiscal consolidation remains the central challenge facing Honduras, mainly due to increasing current expenditures. The widening fiscal deficit has been driven by a significant increase in current expenditures. These increased current expenditures, which add rigidity to the budget, have occurred at the expense of investments. The efficiency of spending remains a key constraint. Limited improvements, especially in health and education outcomes despite high allocations to these sectors, suggest the need to improve the efficiency and quality of expenditures. Increased public expenditures have not delivered in terms of growth and improved public services, and whether the country is ready for decentralization remains an open question. Growing fiscal deficits and weak public financial management practices have constrained the ability of the central government to implement and finance the decentralization process. Current decentralization targets would pose significant fiscal challenges to the central government. The deterioration of the fiscal deficit is not a result of fiscal decentralization. However, further decentralization efforts could pose significant fiscal challenges to the central government 40 17-11-21 00:19:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875511 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17364 Volltext, Open Access

1759730971

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730971 OCoLC 1255604092 WBOKR 17357 EBP 064558797 KEP 064558797 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17357 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Program - Lebanon Capital Market Development Technical Note World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Lebanon Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS TO BANK s ACCESS TO BANK LOANS s ACCESS TO CAPITAL s ALTERNATIVE FUNDING s ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS s ASSET MANAGEMENT s ASSET MANAGERS s AUCTIONS s BANK CREDIT s BANK CREDITS s BANK DEPOSIT s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK INVESTORS s BANKING SECTOR s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BENCHMARK YIELD s BENCHMARK YIELD CURVE s BENEFICIARIES s BID s BOND ISSUERS s BORROWING COST s BROKERAGE s CALL OPTION s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL BASE s CAPITAL FUND s CAPITAL GAINS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET ACTIVITIES s CAPITAL MARKET ACTIVITY s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKET TRANSACTIONS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CASH MANAGEMENT s CD s CDS s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL DEPOSITORY s CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSIT s CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT s COLLATERALIZATION s COLLATERALS s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COMMERCIAL BANKING s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL PAPERS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTRACTUAL SAVINGS s CORPORATE BOND s CORPORATE BOND MARKET s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE DEBT s CORPORATE DEBT SECURITIES s CORPORATE TREASURIES s CREDIT LINES s CRITERIA FOR INVESTMENTS s CURRENCY s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT ISSUANCES s DEPOSITORY SECURITIES s DERIVATIVES s DEVELOPMENT OF CORPORATE BOND MARKETS s DIRECT INVESTMENTS s DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKET s DOMESTIC CORPORATE BOND s DOMESTIC EQUITY s DOMESTIC MARKETS s DOMESTIC STOCK EXCHANGE s EMERGING MARKETS s ENABLING ENVIRONMENT s EQUITIES s EQUITY FINANCING s EQUITY FUNDS s EQUITY INVESTMENTS s EQUITY MARKET s EQUITY MARKET CAPITALIZATION s EQUITY MARKETS s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE RATE s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FIXED INCOME s FIXED INCOME MARKET s FIXED INCOME SECURITIES s FLOW OF INVESTMENT s FOREIGN EQUITY s FOREIGN FUNDS s FOREIGN INVESTORS s FUND MANAGEMENT s FUND MANAGER s FUND MANAGERS s GOVERNMENT BOND s GOVERNMENT BOND MARKET s GOVERNMENT BOND YIELD s GOVERNMENT BOND YIELDS s GOVERNMENT BONDS s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT DEBT MARKET s GOVERNMENT DEBT MARKETS s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s INCOME INSTRUMENTS s INCOME LEVEL s INDIVIDUAL INVESTORS s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE SECTOR INVESTMENTS s INTEREST INCOME s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INVESTING s INVESTMENT BANKS s INVESTMENT FUND s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT INCOME s INVESTMENT INSTRUMENTS s INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES s INVESTMENT OUTLETS s INVESTMENT RISKS s INVESTMENT VEHICLE s INVESTMENT VEHICLES s INVESTMENTS IN GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s INVESTOR BASE s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR EDUCATION s INVESTOR PARTICIPATION s IPO s ISLAMIC CAPITAL s ISSUANCE s ISSUANCES s LIFE INSURANCE s LOAN s LOCAL CURRENCIES s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL INVESTOR s LONG-TERM BOND MARKET s LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS s MARKET CONFIDENCE s MARKET GOVERNANCE s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET SIZE s MATURITY s MONETARY STABILITY s MONEY MARKET s MUTUAL FUND s MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY s MUTUAL FUND MANAGER s MUTUAL FUNDS s NATIONAL BANKS s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION REFORM s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s POTENTIAL INVESTOR s PRICE DISCOVERY s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE EQUITY s PRIVATE PLACEMENT s PRIVATE PLACEMENTS s PRODUCTIVE INVESTMENTS s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC MARKET s REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT s REAL ESTATE INVESTMENTS s REDEMPTION FEATURE s REGISTERED SECURITIES s REGULATORY STRUCTURE s RETAIL INVESTORS s RETURN s RETURNS s SECONDARY MARKET s SECONDARY MARKET ACTIVITY s SECONDARY MARKET LIQUIDITY s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKETS s SECURITIES REGULATION s SETTLEMENT s SMALL INVESTOR s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKET CAPITALIZATION s STOCK TRADING s STOCKS s SUPERVISORY AGENCIES s T-BOND s TAX s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER s VALUATIONS English en_US Lebanese capital market is relatively small as the financial market is dominated by the banking sector. It is apparent that banks dominate financial intermediation in Lebanon to the extent it may inhibit the development of capital markets. Government sees the need to develop capital markets to help finance corporate growth and infrastructure development. It is incumbent on the Government to establish a comprehensive capital market development program, which includes efforts to increase supply and demand, strengthen supervision and enforcement, and must be accompanied by an effective outreach campaign, both domestically and internationally. On the demand side, creating a steady flow of investment into instruments with a long-term horizon, primarily from the pension and insurance sectors, will help grow the markets. Increased demand from institutional investors and issuance by large companies will attract more companies to the capital markets. All these efforts need to be complemented by the issuance of effective regulations, and proper supervision and enforcement. A proactive and concerted campaign regionally and internationally may be conducted once there is a strong evidence of support from the private sector, and especially once new IPOs begin to come to the market. Similar campaigns like these have been proven to be effective, as experienced by other markets, such as Chile and Brazil. Meanwhile, promotion of the market and domestic investor education will need to be done in concert, not only about investing in the stock market, but also with respect to various other savings programs suitable to retail investors such as investment funds 40 17-11-21 00:19:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987552X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17357 Volltext, Open Access

175973098X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:45.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973098X OCoLC 1255604445 WBOKR 17353 EBP 064558789 KEP 064558789 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17353 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Financial Sector Assessment Lebanon World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2013 1 Online-Ressource Lebanon Middle East and North Africa s ACCESS TO INSURANCE s ACCOUNTING s ASSET BASE s ASSET RATIO s AUDITS s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS s BANK ASSETS s BANK CREDIT s BANK CREDITS s BANK DEPOSITS s BANK SECRECY s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BARRIER TO ENTRY s BARRIERS TO ENTRY s BID s BOND s BOND ISSUANCES s BONDS s BROKERAGE s BUDGET DEFICIT s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL ACCOUNT s CAPITAL FORMATION s CAPITAL INFLOWS s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL MARKET s CAPITAL MARKET ACTIVITIES s CAPITAL MARKET ACTIVITY s CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT s CAPITAL MARKET LAW s CAPITAL MARKETS s CD s CENTRAL BANK s CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSIT s CIVIL WAR s CODE OF CONDUCT s COLLATERAL s COLLATERALIZATION s COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONTINGENCY PLAN s CORPORATE BONDS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CREDIBILITY s CRITERIA FOR INVESTMENTS s DEBT s DEBT INSTRUMENTS s DEBT ISSUANCES s DEBT RELIEF s DEBT SERVICE s DEBT STOCK s DEPOSIT RATES s DEPOSITORY s DEPOSITORY SECURITIES s DEPOSITS s DIRECT INVESTMENT s DISBURSEMENTS s DOMESTIC CAPITAL s DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKET s DOMESTIC MARKETS s ELIGIBLE COLLATERAL s EQUITIES s EQUITY FUNDS s EQUITY MARKET s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATE REGIME s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL DEBT s FINANCIAL INNOVATION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL PRODUCT s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FISCAL DEFICIT s FLOW OF INVESTMENT s FLOW OF INVESTMENTS s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN EQUITY s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FOREIGN FUNDS s FOREIGN INSURERS s FRAUD s FUND MANAGERS s GOVERNANCE ISSUES s GOVERNMENT BORROWING s GOVERNMENT DEBT s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT INDEBTEDNESS s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT s GOVERNMENT SECURITIES s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s INFLATION s INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT s INSIDER DEALING s INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INTEREST PAYMENT s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATES s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL INTEREST s INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s INVESTING s INVESTMENT ACTIVITY s INVESTMENT BANKS s INVESTMENT FUNDS s INVESTMENT INSTRUMENTS s INVESTMENT RISKS s INVESTMENT VEHICLE s INVESTOR BASE s INVESTOR CONFIDENCE s INVESTOR EDUCATION s INVESTOR PARTICIPATION s INVESTOR PROTECTION s ISSUANCE s LEGAL AUTHORITY s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEVEL PLAYING FIELD s LIABILITY s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFE INSURANCE PRODUCTS s LIQUIDITY s LOCAL CAPITAL MARKETS s MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT s MARGIN REQUIREMENTS s MARKET CONFIDENCE s MARKET GOVERNANCE s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET MANIPULATION s MARKET REGULATOR s MARKET SUPERVISIONS s MARKET TURNOVER s MINIMUM CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s MONEY SUPPLY s MUTUAL FUND s MUTUAL FUND ASSETS s MUTUAL FUNDS s NATIONAL SAVINGS s OUTSTANDING GOVERNMENT DEBT s PENSION s PENSION FUND s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION LAW s PENSION LAWS s PENSION REFORM s PENSIONS s POLITICAL ECONOMY s PORTFOLIO s PREPAYMENTS s PRIVATE EQUITY s PRIVATE INVESTMENTS s PRIVATE PLACEMENT s PRIVATE SECTOR CREDIT s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVE INVESTMENTS s PRUDENTIAL REGULATION s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC OFFERING s PUBLIC OFFERINGS s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s REAL ESTATE s REGULATORS s REGULATORY AUTHORITIES s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REGULATORY BODIES s REGULATORY OVERSIGHT s REGULATORY STANDARDS s REMITTANCES s REPAYMENTS s RESERVES s RETURN s RISK CAPITAL s RISK EXPOSURE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK WEIGHTS s RULE OF LAW s SECONDARY MARKET s SECONDARY MARKET LIQUIDITY s SECURITIES s SECURITIES REGULATOR s SETTLEMENT s SOLVENCY s SOVEREIGN RISK s STOCK EXCHANGE s STOCK MARKET s STOCK MARKET CAPITALIZATION s STOCKS s TAX s TAX RATE s TAX STRUCTURE s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL DEBT s TRADE BALANCE s TRADING s TRADING ACTIVITY s TRANSPARENCY s TURNOVER RATIO s UNDERDEVELOPED MARKETS s VALUATIONS s WITHDRAWAL English en_US Lebanon's very large banking system has inhibited the emergence of capital markets. The country's licensing regime grants banks ipso facto authorization to engage in the full range of capital market activities. The authorities have embarked on developing new capital market channels for intermediating saving and investment to complement and compete with banking. The aim is to enrich financing choices, particularly long-term risk capital, to support private sector initiative and jobs that come with sustainably higher growth. The ultimate outcome will be better allocation and monitoring of capital. An element of this strategy is to establish a credible regulator of such financial intermediation. Law 161, enacted in 2011, created the Capital Markets Authority (CMA) which is soon to launch operations. A respected regulator is only one element of a master plan to nurture capital market functionalities that meet the needs of private companies and the country's infrastructure program. Market development will be a long-range balancing act between financial innovation and prudent oversight in the peculiar context of Lebanon. The insurance sector is material compared to other markets in the region but small by international standards. Insurers generally have sufficient expertise to operate current business models but weaknesses should be addressed in risk identification and management. Despite severe legal limitations, the Insurance Control Commission (ICC) has grown in stature and respect, and has taken full advantage of areas where improvements can be made through regulation. The sector's further development hinges on passing the new draft law pending in Parliament 40 17-11-21 00:19:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875538 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17353 Volltext, Open Access

1759730998

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759730998 OCoLC 1255604510 WBOKR 17356 EBP 064558770 KEP 064558770 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17356 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Poland Insurance Core Principles, Detailed Assessment of Observance International Monetary Fund VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Poland s ACCOUNTANT s ACCOUNTING s ACCOUNTING RULES s ACCOUNTING STANDARDS s ACTUARIAL REPORTS s ACTUARIES s AGENTS s ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING s APPLICATIONS s ARBITRATION s ASSURANCE s AUDITORS s AUDITS s BALANCE SHEET s BANK GUARANTEE s BANKRUPTCY s BENEFICIARIES s CAPITAL ADEQUACY s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CIVIL CODE s CIVIL CODES s CIVIL LAW s CODE OF CONDUCT s COMMERCIAL CODE s COMPENSATION s COMPULSORY INSURANCE s COMPULSORY INSURANCES s CONFIDENTIALITY s CONFLICT OF INTEREST s CONFLICT OF INTERESTS s CONSUMER PROTECTION s CONSUMERS s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STANDARDS s CORRECTIVE ACTION s COVERAGE s CREDIT INSTITUTIONS s CREDITORS s DERIVATIVE s DERIVATIVES s DIVIDEND s DIVIDEND PAYMENTS s ENFORCEMENT POWERS s ETHICAL BEHAVIOR s EXPOSURES s FINANCES s FINANCIAL CONDITION s FINANCIAL CONGLOMERATE s FINANCIAL CONGLOMERATES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MARKET s FINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS s FINANCIAL MARKETS s FINANCIAL REPORTING s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL SECTOR POLICY s FINANCIAL STATEMENT s FINANCIAL STATEMENTS s FINANCIAL SUPERVISION s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FOREIGN BRANCHES s FOREIGN COMPANIES s FOREIGN INSURER s FRAUD s GOVERNANCE STANDARDS s GUARANTEE FUND s HOLDING s HOLDING COMPANIES s HOLDING COMPANY s HOME MARKET s INFORMATION SHARING s INSOLVENCY s INSPECTIONS s INSURANCE s INSURANCE ACTIVITIES s INSURANCE ACTIVITY s INSURANCE BROKERS s INSURANCE CLAIMS s INSURANCE COMPANIES s INSURANCE COMPANY s INSURANCE CONTRACT s INSURANCE CONTRACTS s INSURANCE GUARANTEE s INSURANCE INDUSTRY s INSURANCE LAW s INSURANCE LICENSES s INSURANCE MARKET s INSURANCE MARKETS s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURANCE PREMIUM s INSURANCE PREMIUM RATES s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURANCE RISK s INSURANCE SERVICES s INSURANCE SUPERVISION s INSURANCE SUPERVISORS s INSURANCES s INSURERS s INTEGRITY s INTEREST RATE s INTERNAL AUDIT s INTERNAL CONTROL s INTERNAL CONTROLS s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL STANDARD s INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS s JOINT STOCK COMPANY s JURISDICTION s JURISDICTIONS s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LAWS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LEGAL PROTECTION s LEGAL PROTECTIONS s LEGAL PROVISION s LEGAL PROVISIONS s LEGAL TRANSACTIONS s LEVEL OF PREMIUMS s LEVEL OF RISK s LEVY s LIABILITY s LIABILITY INSURANCE s LIFE INSURANCE s LIFE-INSURANCE s LIQUIDATION s MACROECONOMIC DATA s MANDATORY MEMBERSHIP s MARKET DEVELOPMENTS s MARKET ENVIRONMENT s MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE s MARKET PARTICIPANTS s MARKET SUPERVISION s MATURITY s MONETARY FUND s MONEY LAUNDERING s MOTOR INSURANCE s MUTUAL INSURANCE s OPERATIONAL INDEPENDENCE s OPERATIONAL RISK s OUTSOURCING s OWNERSHIP OF BANKS s PENSION s PENSION FUNDS s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s POINT OF SALE s POLICYHOLDERS s PORTFOLIO s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION s PROTECTION OF POLICYHOLDERS s PUBLIC BUDGET s PUBLIC COMPANIES s PUBLIC OFFERING s RECIPROCITY s RECOVERABLES s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS s REINSURANCE s REINSURANCE ARRANGEMENTS s REINSURANCE COMPANIES s REINSURANCE CONTRACTS s REINSURERS s REPUTATION s RESERVE s RESERVES s RETURN s RETURNS s RISK ASSESSMENT s RISK ASSESSMENTS s RISK CONTROL s RISK DIVERSIFICATION s RISK FACTORS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s RISK PROFILE s RISK PROFILES s RISK TAKING s RISK TRANSFER s SECURITIES s SECURITIES MARKETS s SEIZURE s SHAREHOLDER s SHAREHOLDERS s SHORT-TERM FINANCE s SINGLE MARKET s SOCIAL SECURITY s SOLVENCY s SOLVENCY REQUIREMENTS s STOCK EXCHANGE s SUPERVISION AUTHORITIES s SUPERVISION AUTHORITY s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES s SUPERVISORY AUTHORITY s SUPERVISORY BOARD s SUPERVISORY SYSTEM s TERRORISM s THREAT OF INSOLVENCY s TRADING s TRANSACTION s TRANSPARENCY s TREASURY s TRUSTEES s VALUATION s WITHDRAWAL English en_US This assessment is focused on the Komisja Nadzoru Finansowego (KNF, the financial supervisory commission), specifically on its supervision of the insurance sector. KNF has responsibility for licensing and supervising all players in the insurance market that is insurance companies, insurance brokers, agents, loss adjusters, reinsurance companies, and reinsurance brokers. The assessment was performed using the 2007 version of the insurance core principles (ICPs) issued by the International Association of Insurance Supervisors (IAIS) and the methodology described by the IAIS. Each ICP is rated in terms of the level of observance as follows: observed - whenever all the standards are considered to be observed or when all the standards are observed except for a number that are considered not applicable; not applicable - when the standards are considered to be not applicable; largely observed - where only minor shortcomings exist, which do not raise any concerns about the authorities' ability to achieve full observance; partly observed - where, despite progress, the shortcomings are sufficient to raise doubts about the authorities' ability to achieve observance; and not observed - where no substantive progress toward observance has been achieved 40 17-11-21 00:19:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875546 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17356 Volltext, Open Access

1759731005

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759731005 OCoLC 1255604549 WBOKR 17365 EBP 064558762 KEP 064558762 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17365 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tunisia Agricultural Finance Study Main Summary Report World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Tunisia s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCOUNTING s AGRICULTURAL BANK s AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES s AGRICULTURAL CREDIT s AGRICULTURAL FINANCE s AGRICULTURAL LOAN s AGRICULTURAL LOANS s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s ALTERNATIVE FINANCING s ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF FINANCE s ARREARS s BANK BRANCH s BANK BRANCHES s BANK CREDIT s BANK FINANCING s BANK LENDING s BANK LOAN s BANK LOANS s BANK MANAGEMENT s BANKING INDUSTRY s BANKING REGULATIONS s BANKING SECTOR s BENEFICIARIES s BORROWER s CAPACITY BUILDING s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPITALIZATION s CENTRAL BANK s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANK s COMMERCIAL BANKS s CONSUMER DEBT s CONSUMER LENDING s COOPERATIVES s COOPS s CREDIT ASSOCIATIONS s CREDIT CULTURE s CREDIT FACILITIES s CREDIT GUARANTEES s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT MANAGEMENT s CREDIT NEEDS s CREDIT REGISTRY s CREDIT SYSTEMS s CREDITOR s CREDITS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CURRENCY s DEBT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT RECOVERY s DEBTORS s DEBTS s DEFAULT RATES s DEPOSIT s DEPOSIT MOBILIZATION s DEPOSITS s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE INSTITUTIONS s DIRECT LOANS s DISBURSEMENTS s DIVERSIFICATION s DONOR SUPPORT s ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA s ENTERPRISE CREDIT s EQUIPMENT s EQUITY FUNDS s EQUITY PARTICIPATION s EXCLUSION s EXPORT EARNINGS s FARM FINANCE s FARMER s FARMERS s FINANCES s FINANCIAL INSTITUTION s FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FINANCIAL PRODUCTS s FINANCIAL SERVICE s FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FORMAL BORROWING s FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS s FORMAL FINANCIAL SECTOR s FORMAL FINANCIAL SERVICES s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE s GOVERNMENT INVESTMENTS s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT SUBSIDY s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GUARANTEE FUND s GUARANTEE SCHEME s GUARANTEE SCHEMES s HOLDING s HOLDINGS s HOUSEHOLDS s IMPORT DUTIES s INCOME GROUPS s INCOME LEVELS s INCOME TAX s INDEBTEDNESS s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INFORMAL CREDIT s INFORMAL FINANCE s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INSTITUTIONAL REFORM s INSURANCE s INSURANCE POLICIES s INSURANCE PREMIUM s INSURANCE PREMIUMS s INSURANCE PROTECTION s INTEREST RATE s INTEREST RATES s INVESTING s ISSUANCE s LACK OF ACCESS s LACK OF CAPITAL s LACK OF COMPETITION s LAND TITLES s LEASE AGREEMENTS s LENDER s LENDERS s LENDING INTEREST RATE s LIMITED ACCESS s LIMITED ACCESS TO BANK s LOAN s LOAN AMOUNT s LOAN AMOUNTS s LOAN APPRAISAL s LOAN CAPITAL s LOAN FUNDS s LOAN PORTFOLIO s LOAN PORTFOLIOS s LOAN PRODUCTS s LOAN PROGRAMS s LOAN RECOVERY s LOAN REPAYMENT s LOAN REPAYMENT RATES s LOAN REPAYMENTS s LOAN SIZE s LOAN VOLUMES s LOANABLE FUNDS s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MARKET INTEREST RATES s MARKET SHARE s MFI s MFIS s MICRO ENTERPRISE s MICRO FINANCE s MICRO-CREDIT s MICRO-FINANCE s MICRO-FINANCE INSTITUTION s MICRO-FINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MICRO-FINANCE SECTOR s MICROCREDIT s MICROFINANCE s MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS s MICROFINANCE SECTOR s MONEY LENDERS s MONEYLENDER s MONEYLENDERS s MORAL HAZARD s NATIONAL GUARANTEE s NEW MARKET s NEW MARKETS s NON-PERFORMING LOAN s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s OPERATIONAL COST s OUTREACH s OVERDUE LOANS s PENETRATION RATES s POLICY ENVIRONMENT s PRIVATE BANK s PRIVATE ENTERPRISES s PROFIT MARGINS s PROFITABILITY s PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS s PUBLIC CREDIT s RATE OF RETURN s REGULATORY FRAMEWORK s REPAYMENT s REPAYMENT RATE s REPAYMENT SCHEDULES s REPOSSESSION s RESERVES s RETURN ON ASSETS s RETURN ON INVESTMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s RISK MITIGATION s RURAL FINANCE s SHARE OF INVESTMENT s SMALL ENTERPRISE s SMALL ENTERPRISES s SMALL FARMERS s SMALL LOANS s SMALLHOLDER s SMALLHOLDER FARMERS s SMALLHOLDERS s SOURCE OF FUNDS s SOURCES OF FINANCE s SOURCES OF INCOME s SUPPLY CHAINS s TAX DEDUCTIONS s TAX EXEMPTION s TAX EXEMPTIONS s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL DEBT s TRANSACTION s TRANSACTION COST s TRANSACTION COSTS s TRANSPARENT SYSTEMS s TREASURY s UNIONS s UNIVERSAL BANKING s UNIVERSAL BANKS s VILLAGE English en_US The Tunisia agricultural finance study was carried out in response to a request made in December 2009 by the Tunisian Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) for support for a study on the key constraints in agricultural finance. Technical and financial support was specifically requested for: (i) a comprehensive diagnostic analysis of the current mechanisms and problems of financing of the agricultural sector in Tunisia, including those by financial institutions and from budget resources, foreign direct investment, and insurance; (ii) a comparison of the Tunisian experience with successful experiences made in other comparable countries; and (iii) the formulation of concrete proposals. The diagnostic part was also requested to include the regulations pertaining to agricultural credit, other constraints impeding the development of agricultural finance, such as costs, profitability, professional organizations, extension services, research etc., and to look at the indebtedness of smallholders. It was also requested that the recommendations help to: (i) better define the objectives to be achieved in terms of financing of agriculture; (ii) increase the participation of the financial sector in financing agriculture; (iii) help identify need for support by different types of farmers; (iv) identify new instruments geared at qualitative and technological changes; (v) reduce the indebtedness of farmers; and (vi) help improve the subsidies for agricultural investment. There are two main written outputs of the Tunisia agricultural finance study. The experts working on the study have compiled a great deal of detailed background information diagnosing the current situation, describing practices in other countries, and providing recommendations on how to improve the situation in Tunisia. These details are provided in the accompanying full technical report, which should be of interest to technicians. The present report the main summary report provides a summary of the main findings and recommendations for policy makers 40 17-11-21 00:19:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875554 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17365 Volltext, Open Access

1759731013

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759731013 OCoLC 1255604419 WBOKR 17279 EBP 064558754 KEP 064558754 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17279 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Albania Public Finance Review Part 1. Toward a Sustainable Fiscal Policy for Growth World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2014 1 Online-Ressource ALBANIA Europe and Central Asia s ACCOUNTING s AMORTIZATION s ARREARS s ARTICLE s ASSET MANAGEMENT s BANK BORROWING s BANK LOAN s BANK LOANS s BANKING SECTOR s BANKING SYSTEM s BASELINE PROJECTIONS s BASELINE SCENARIO s BONDS s BORROWER s BORROWING COSTS s BUDGET PLAN s BUDGET PLANNING s BUDGETING s CAPITAL EXPENDITURE s CAPITAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL INVESTMENTS s CAPITAL SPENDING s CAPITALIZATION s CASH FLOW s CASH MANAGEMENT s CENTRAL BANK s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT DEBT s CIVIL SERVICE s CIVIL SERVICE LAW s COLLATERAL s COMMERCIAL BANKS s COMMERCIAL LOANS s COMMODITY PRICES s CONSUMER GOODS s CONTINGENT LIABILITIES s CONTINGENT LIABILITY s CORPORATE INCOME TAX s CORPORATE TAX RATES s CREDIT GROWTH s CREDIT LINES s CREDIT RATING s CURRENCY s CURRENCY DEPRECIATION s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s DEBT BURDEN s DEBT CRISES s DEBT CRISIS s DEBT DEFAULTS s DEBT DYNAMICS s DEBT LEVEL s DEBT LEVELS s DEBT MANAGEMENT s DEBT RATIO s DEBT RATIOS s DEBT REDUCTION s DEBT STOCK s DEBT SUSTAINABILITY s DEBTS s DEFICITS s DEPOSITS s DOMESTIC DEBT s DOMESTIC MARKET s DURABLE s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s EMERGING MARKET s EMERGING MARKETS s ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE s EQUIPMENT s EQUIPMENTS s EUROBOND s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXPORT GROWTH s EXPORT SHARE s EXPORTER s EXTERNAL BORROWING s EXTERNAL DEBT s FIDUCIARY ASSESSMENT s FINANCE MINISTRY s FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s FINANCIAL ASSETS s FINANCIAL CONTROL s FINANCIAL CRISIS s FINANCIAL FLOWS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL RISKS s FINANCIAL STABILITY s FINANCIAL SYSTEM s FINANCING REQUIREMENTS s FISCAL BALANCE s FISCAL CONSOLIDATION s FISCAL DATA s FISCAL DEFICIT s FISCAL DEFICITS s FISCAL IMPACT s FISCAL POLICY s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FIXED INTEREST s FIXED INTEREST RATES s FLOATING RATES s FOREIGN CURRENCY s FOREIGN CURRENCY DEBT s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s FRAUD s GOVERNMENT BUDGET s GOVERNMENT FINANCE s GOVERNMENT FINANCE STATISTICS s GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES s GOVERNMENT PAPER s GOVERNMENT REVENUE s GOVERNMENT SPENDING s GOVERNMENT SUPPORT s GOVERNMENT SUPPORTS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s GROWTH RATE s HEALTH INSURANCE s HEALTH MINISTRY s HOLDING s HUMAN CAPITAL s IMPLICIT SUBSIDIES s IMPORT COSTS s INCOME TAX s INCOME TAXES s INFLATION s INFLATION RATE s INSURANCE s INTEREST COST s INTEREST COSTS s INTEREST EXPENDITURE s INTEREST EXPENDITURES s INTEREST PAYMENTS s INTEREST RATE DIFFERENTIAL s INTEREST RATE RISK s INTEREST RATE RISKS s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT s INVESTING s INVESTMENT BANK s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s LAND VALUE s LIQUIDITY s LIVING STANDARDS s LOAN GUARANTEES s LOAN QUALITY s LOCAL CURRENCY s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MACROECONOMIC CRISIS s MARKET CONDITIONS s MARKET CONFIDENCE s MARKET STRUCTURE s MATURITY s MINISTRY OF FINANCE s MONETARY FUND s NATIONAL INCOME s NATIONAL STRATEGY s NET PRESENT VALUE s NON-PERFORMING LOANS s NONPERFORMING LOANS s OPPORTUNITIES FOR CORRUPTION s ORGANIC BUDGET LAW s OUTPUT LOSSES s PENSION s PENSION REFORM s PENSION REFORMS s PENSION RIGHTS s PENSION SYSTEM s PENSIONS s PERSONAL INCOME s PERSONAL INCOME TAX s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE CREDITORS s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PRIVATE INVESTORS s PRIVATE SECTOR s PROBABILITY OF DEFAULT s PRODUCTIVE INVESTMENTS s PROPERTY RIGHTS s PUBLIC BORROWING s PUBLIC DEBT s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC FINANCE s PUBLIC FINANCES s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR DEBT s PUBLIC SECTOR DEFICIT s PUBLIC SPENDING s PUBLIC WORKS s RE-CAPITALIZATION s REAL GROWTH s REAL INTEREST s REAL INTEREST RATE s REGULATORY AUTHORITY s REMITTANCES s RETURNS s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISK SHARING s ROAD NETWORK s RULE OF LAW s SANITATION s SHORT-TERM DEBT s SOCIAL INSURANCE s SOVEREIGN DEBT s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s SUSTAINABLE FISCAL POLICY s T-BILLS s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TAX BASE s TAX COLLECTION s TAX EVASION s TAX POLICY s TAX RATE s TAX REVENUES s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TOTAL TAX REVENUE s TREASURY s TREASURY SYSTEM s VARIABLE INTEREST RATES s ZERO COUPON English en_US Albania's rapid growth in the decade up to the 2008 global financial crisis propelled it to middle-income status and helped to reduce poverty. The global financial crisis in 2008 slammed the brakes on Albania's largely domestic-demand-driven growth. The government has accumulated sizable arrears in payments for public works and value-added tax (VAT) refunds. In a baseline scenario of no policy reforms, Albania's public debt-to-gross domestic product (GDP) ratio is projected to reach 73.5 percent in 2015 and stay above 72 percent over the medium term. Empirical evidence confirms that high public debt depresses economic activity and significantly increases the probability of default. This report examines closely the opportunities for fiscal consolidation on both the revenue and expenditure sides. Combined effect of structural reforms will reduce Albania's public debt to GDP ratio significantly over the medium term. It can in parallel rebalance its capital spending, particularly in transport, toward maintenance to support growth. Albania needs to strengthen its institutions to reinforce financial discipline and strengthen fiscal policy. Institutional reforms are particularly needed with regard to public financial management (PFM) and introducing a fiscal rule to anchor policy over the medium term 40 17-11-21 00:19:22.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875562 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17279 Volltext, Open Access

1759731021

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759731021 OCoLC 1255604317 WBOKR 17278 EBP 064558746 KEP 064558746 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17278 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Myanmar Capitalizing on Rice Export Opportunities World Bank VerfasserIn aut Bangkok 2014 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s ACCESS TO IRRIGATION s AGRIBUSINESS s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIST s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION s AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES s AGRICULTURAL GROWTH s AGRICULTURAL LAND s AGRICULTURAL LAND AREA s AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH s AGRICULTURAL SECTOR s AGRICULTURAL TRADE s AGRICULTURE s ANIMALS s BANK LOANS s BARS s BEANS s BILATERAL TRADE s BIOMASS s BREEDER SEED s BREWING s CLIMATE s COMMERCIALIZATION s COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE s COMPETITIVENESS s COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY s CONSUMER DEMAND s CONSUMERS s CONTAINERS s COOKING s CROP DIVERSIFICATION s CROP YIELDS s CROPPING s CROPPING INTENSITY s CROPS s CULTIVATION s CULTIVATION METHODS s DEBT s DRAINAGE s DRAINAGE INFRASTRUCTURE s DRY SEASON s DRY SEASON CROP s DRY SEASON HARVEST s ECOLOGICAL ZONES s EXCHANGE RATES s EXPORTS s FAMILY FARMS s FAO s FARM s FARM HOUSEHOLDS s FARM INCOME s FARM IRRIGATION s FARM PRODUCTION s FARM PRODUCTIVITY s FARMERS s FARMING s FARMS s FERTILIZERS s FOOD CONSUMPTION s FOOD PREPARATION s FOOD PRODUCTS s FOOD SECURITY s FORECASTS s GDP s GRAIN s GRAIN PRICES s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HARVEST PRACTICES s HARVESTING s HARVESTS s HOUSEHOLD FOOD s HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY s HYBRIDS s INDICA s INTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE s IRRI s IRRIGATION SYSTEMS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION s LOGISTICAL SUPPORT s MANGO s MILLING INDUSTRY s MONOPOLIES s MULTIPLIER EFFECT s MULTIPLIERS s OWN SEED s PACKING s PADDY s PADDY YIELDS s PALM OIL s PEST MANAGEMENT s PESTICIDES s PLANTING s PLANTING PATTERNS s POPULATION GROWTH s PRICE INCREASES s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRODUCE s PRODUCTION COSTS s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PROFIT MARGINS s PULSES s QUALITY SEED s RICE s RICE CROP s RICE HUSKS s RICE MILLING s RICE MILLS s RICE PRICE s RICE PRICES s RICE PRODUCTION s RICE RESEARCH s RICE TRADE s RICE VARIETIES s SEED s SEED INDUSTRY s SEED MULTIPLICATION s SEED POLICY s SEED PRODUCERS s SEED VARIETIES s SEEDS s SNACK FOODS s SPRING s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TRADE POLICY s WATER STORAGE s WEALTH s WHOLESALE PRICES s WINTER HARVEST s WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION English en_US Improving agricultural productivity and promoting exports are top priorities for the Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar. Given the centrality of rice to the rejuvenation of agriculture in Myanmar, the rice sector is of critical importance, especially rice exports. The government announced ambitious targets of 2 million metric tons (tons)2 of rice exports by 2014/15 and 4 million tons by 2019/20. Recent actual performance is falling short of these targets, but the opening of Myanmar's economy has already helped significantly increase rice exports. The rest of the report is organized as follows. Chapter two provides information on recent rice export developments in Myanmar. Chapter three presents the evolving export opportunities as well as challenges that must be overcome to capitalize on them. Chapter four describes the main constraints at various segments of the value chain and offers possible remedies. Chapter five discusses how rice policy should evolve to support modernization of the rice value chain. Chapter six offers conclusions and policy recommendations. Seven annexes provide further, more detailed information 40 17-11-21 00:19:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875570 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17278 Volltext, Open Access

175973103X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973103X OCoLC 1255604078 WBOKR 17221 EBP 064558738 KEP 064558738 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17221 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Water Hackathon Lessons Learned World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Water papers s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO RESOURCES s ADEQUATE SANITATION s AGRICULTURAL WATER s AVAILABLE WATER s AVAILABLE WATER RESOURCES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CHANNELS s CHEAP WATER s CITIZEN PARTICIPATION s CIVIL SOCIETY s CLEAN WATER s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMUNITY LEADERS s COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS s DECISION MAKERS s DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s DROUGHT s ENGINEERING s FARMERS s FARMING s FLOODS s GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS s GLOBAL WATER CRISIS s GREYWATER s HUMAN SETTLEMENTS s HYDROLOGY s IRRIGATION s LAKES s LEAK DETECTION s LOCAL COMMUNITIES s LOCAL COMMUNITY s LOCAL OWNERSHIP s LOCAL PARTNER s LOCAL PARTNERS s LOCAL WATER s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s METEOROLOGICAL DATA s MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES s MUNICIPALITIES s PIPES s POTABLE WATER s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC TOILETS s PUBLIC WATER s RECYCLING s REMOTE SENSING s RIVERS s RURAL SANITATION s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SALINITY s SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE s SANITATION SERVICES s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE IMPROVEMENTS s SERVICE PROVIDER s SEWERAGE CORPORATION s SEWERAGE SERVICE s TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS s TRANSPARENCY s URBAN WATER s USE OF WATER s UTILITIES s UTILITY MANAGEMENT s WATER AUTHORITY s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER BOARDS s WATER CONSERVATION s WATER CONTENT s WATER CYCLE s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER METERING s WATER PARTNERSHIP s WATER PROFESSIONALS s WATER PROJECTS s WATER PROVIDERS s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY DATA s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SYSTEM s WATER TESTING s WATER USE s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY s WATERFLOWS s WATERSHEDS English en_US The global revolution in low cost information and communication technologies can help address some of the developing world's oldest challenges in water and sanitation. More people today have access to a mobile phone than to a toilet. Convergence of widespread mobile phone ownership with new mobile commerce and location aware services offer new platforms for reach, transparency and participation in achieving water security. Water Hackathon had four interim objectives: (i) creation of a network of atypical partners engaged in finding solutions to water-related challenges, (ii) preparation of a list of challenges facing the water sector, (iii) development of new applications designed to address these challenges, and (iv) adoption of new applications and codes in World Bank projects. The openness of the approach attracted considerable attention from within the water community and also from print and online media, including blogs and social networks, which traditionally do not feature water content. 'This was the new Egypt at work,' said one participant in Cairo. Water Hackathon offered a low-cost, high-reward opportunity to open up water sector challenges to the talent and creativity of the ICT design and development community. This approach also required a change in mindset for the World Bank, calling for greater openness, experimentation and tolerance of failure 40 17-11-21 00:19:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875589 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17221 Volltext, Open Access

1759731048

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:19.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759731048 OCoLC 1255604523 WBOKR 17222 EBP 06455872X KEP 06455872X 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17222 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Sierra Leone Public Expenditure Review for Water and Sanitation 2002 to 2009 Anthony Bennett VerfasserIn aut Darrell Thompson VerfasserIn aut Meike van Ginneken VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Water papers Africa s ACCESS TO POTABLE WATER s ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER s ACCESS TO SAFE WATER s ACCESS TO SAFE WATER SUPPLY s ACCESS TO SANITATION s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ACCESS TO WATER s ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY s ADEQUATE SANITATION s ADEQUATE WATER s ANNUAL BUDGETS s AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL s BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION s BOREHOLES s BREEDING GROUNDS s CASH FLOWS s CATCHMENT s CATCHMENT AREAS s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CITY COUNCIL s CITY COUNCILS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT s COMMUNITY HEALTH s COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION s COST RECOVERY s CUBIC METERS s DELIVERY OF WATER s DELIVERY OF WATER SUPPLY s DEVELOPMENT OF WATER SUPPLY s DIARRHEAL DISEASE s DISPOSAL SITE s DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION s DOMESTIC WATER s DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY s DOMESTIC WATER TARIFFS s DRINKING WATER s DUG WELLS s ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EXCRETA DISPOSAL s FAECAL SLUDGE s FAULTS s FIXED TARIFF s FLOODING s FLUSH TOILET s FRESH WATER s GLOBAL WATER SUPPLY s GRAVITY s HAND PUMPS s HAND WASHING s HOUSE CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s HOUSEHOLD SANITATION s HOUSEHOLDS s HUMAN EXCRETA s HYGIENE s HYGIENE EDUCATION s INDUSTRIAL USE s IRRIGATION s LACK OF WATER s LAND USE s LATRINE CONSTRUCTION s LATRINE PIT s LOCAL COUNCILS s MAIN WATER SOURCES s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s MEASUREMENTS s MONITORING PROCEDURES s MONITORING PROGRAM s MORTALITY RATE s NATIONAL WATER s NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES s NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY s NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS s NUMBER OF PEOPLE WITHOUT ACCESS s OPEN DEFECATION s PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES s PERFORMANCE DATA s PIPED WATER s PIT LATRINE s PIT LATRINES s PITS s POPULATION GROWTH s POTABLE WATER s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PROJECT MANAGEMENT s PROTECTED SPRINGS s PROVINCIAL WATER s PROVINCIAL WATER SUPPLY s PROVISION OF WATER s PROVISION OF WATER SUPPLY s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC UTILITIES s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s RAIN s RAPID URBANIZATION s REGULATORY FUNCTION s RENEWABLE WATER RESOURCES s RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS s RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER s RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER SUPPLY s RIVER BASIN s RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT s RIVERS s RURAL SANITATION s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE WATER SUPPLY s SANITARY DISPOSAL s SANITARY FACILITIES s SANITARY INSPECTORS s SANITATION ACCESS s SANITATION ASSESSMENT s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION FACILITY s SANITATION INITIATIVES s SANITATION POLICY s SANITATION PROGRAM s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICE DELIVERY s SANITATION SERVICES s SEPTIC TANK s SEPTIC TANKS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SEWER SYSTEM s SEWERAGE s SEWERAGE COMPANY s SEWERAGE NETWORK s SEWERAGE SYSTEM s SLUDGE DISPOSAL s SMALL SCALE PROVIDERS s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL s SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SITE s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s SOURCES OF WATER s SPARE PARTS s SPRINGS s STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION s SUPPLY WATER s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATER SOURCE s SUSTAINABLE WATER s TOWN s TOWN WATER s TOWN WATER SUPPLIES s TOWNS s TUBE WELLS s URBAN AREAS s URBAN DWELLERS s URBAN HOUSEHOLDS s URBAN SANITATION s URBAN SERVICES s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLIES s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s URBAN WATER UTILITIES s USAGE OF WATER s VALUABLE INFORMATION s WASTE WATER s WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WATER BILLS s WATER COLLECTION s WATER COMPANY s WATER CONNECTION s WATER DEPARTMENT s WATER DEVELOPMENT s WATER FACILITIES s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER PARTNERSHIP s WATER POINTS s WATER POLICIES s WATER POLICY s WATER PRODUCTION s WATER PROJECTS s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY TESTING s WATER RATES s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY DATA s WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SERVICES s WATER TARIFFS s WATER TESTING s WATER USE s WATER USER s WATERSHED s WATERSHED MANAGEMENT s WELLS pha English en_US This review focuses on how public expenditure translates into the delivery of water supply and sanitation services in rural and urban areas in Sierra Leone. It describes the legal and institutional framework for the allocation of resources assesses access to Water Supply and Sanitation (WSS) services and past sector performance, and analyzes public expenditure in the sector, including the factors affecting the efficiency of use of resources, and makes recommendations. Water supply includes the supply, distribution, and usage of water for drinking, food preparation, and hygiene. Sanitation is defined as the sanitary disposal of liquid waste and the promotion of hygienic practices. The review covers the period from 2002 to 2009, a period of reconstructing after a decade of upheavals. Since 2002, democracy and a stable environment for development have been re-established in the country, especially since the 2007 presidential elections. Sierra Leone remains one of the poorest countries in the world 40 17-11-21 00:19:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875597 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17222 Volltext, Open Access

1759731056

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759731056 OCoLC 1255604461 WBOKR 17224 EBP 064558703 KEP 064558703 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17224 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO More, Better, or Different Spending? Trends in Public Expenditure on Water and Sanitation in Sub-Saharan Africa Anthony Bennett VerfasserIn aut Ulrik Netterstrom VerfasserIn aut Meike van Ginneken VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Water papers Africa s ACCESS TO WATER AND SANITATION s DISPARITIES IN SERVICE DELIVERY s DOMESTIC RESOURCES s PUBLIC INSTITUTION EXPENDITURES English en_US This overview paper tests current public spending patterns against the economic rationale for such spending, including reducing disparities in service delivery and overcoming market failures. Reducing the disparities in access to basic water supply and sanitation (WSS) is a responsibility of government. Individuals have little incentive to build and maintain extensive WSS infrastructure, but communities and societies do. Targeted public spending benefitting households that otherwise would be unable to afford those services can be a component of a broader social policy agenda to redistribute resources to the poor. Several market features call for government intervention in the WSS sector. This review mines the rich data of 15 Public Expenditure Reviews (PERs) conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa and funded by the World Bank over the past years. From 2003 the World Bank has funded more than 40 PERs that contain an analysis of the water supply and sanitation (WSS) sector. In most of these, the WSS sector is discussed alongside other sectors. A set of stand-alone PERs specifically addressing the WSS sector have also been carried out in African countries. The scope of the present review includes expenditures by public institutions (at the central and local government levels) on domestic resources and grants or loans provided by external funding agencies. The review does not include off-budget spending by water utilities. In other words, while the numbers in this review include public subsidies to utilities, they do not include expenditure by utilities, thus disregarding expenditures paid for by consumer cost-recovery. The public expenditure analyses in all reviews focus on WSS services, although some reports also discuss water resources management. Almost all of the PERs, however, are limited to WSS, thus excluding water resources management and irrigation issues from the analyses. The reviewed PERs did not use standard definitions, which has led to some data limitations described later. This review is a data mining exercise of country PERs that were written to serve in the political dialogue on the challenges in achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015 and on bottlenecks in enhancing public finance management performance 40 17-11-21 00:19:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875600 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17224 Volltext, Open Access

1759731064

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759731064 OCoLC 1255604079 WBOKR 17225 EBP 06455869X KEP 06455869X 2005 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17225 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Impact of the Budget Support Instrument on Rural Water Supply in Uganda World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2005 1 Online-Ressource Water and Sanitation Program policy note Africa Uganda s ACCESS TO SAFE WATER s BASINS s BOREHOLES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s CHANNEL s COMMUNITY CONTRIBUTION s COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT s COMMUNITY MEMBERS s COMPETITIVE BIDDING s CONFLICT s CONSTRUCTION s CONTRACT MANAGEMENT s COST EFFECTIVENESS s COST RECOVERY s DISTRICT WATER OFFICES s EQUITABLE ALLOCATION s EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION s HAND PUMPS s HOUSEHOLD SURVEY s INVESTMENT PROJECT s PARTICIPATORY POVERTY ASSESSMENT s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s POLITICAL INFLUENCE s POLLUTION s POOR s POOR COUNTRIES s POOR PEOPLE s POTABLE WATER s POVERTY ERADICATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY s POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER s PRIVATE SECTOR OPERATORS s PROFIT MARGINS s PROGRAMS s PROTECTED SPRINGS s RAINFALL s REGULATORY AGENCY s RURAL s RURAL AREAS s RURAL ENTREPRENEURS s RURAL GROWTH s RURAL PEOPLE s RURAL POPULATION s RURAL SECTOR s RURAL SMALL TOWNS s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SCHEMES s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE WATER s SAFE WATER SUPPLY s SANITATION s SANITATION DEVELOPMENT s SANITATION SECTOR s SANITATION SERVICES s SANITATION WATER s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE ·DELIVERY s SMALL RURAL TOWNS s SMALL TOWNS s SPRING s SUSTAINABLE WATER s SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLY s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s TRANSPARENCY s WATER DEVELOPMENT s WATER FACILITIES s WATER POINT s WATER POINTS s WATER POLICY s WATER QUALITY s WATER SCHEMES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCE PROTECTION s WATER SOURCES s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER USER s WATER USER COMMITTEES s WATER · SOURCES s WELLS English en_US This policy note examines the impact of the World Bank's poverty reduction support credit (PRSC) budget support instrument (BSI) in the context of rural water supply (RWS) and sanitation in Uganda. The policy note is based on a 2004 study commissioned by the World Bank: towards the millennium development goals (MDGs) in Uganda: a retrospective study of the impact of three years of the BSI on rural water. Uganda can meet the MDG if the BSI process continues to be refined, and poverty eradication action plan (PEAP) targets are also within reach. The outlook for the next 12 years indicates that the MDG are indeed within reach, however, targets set in the sector investment plan (SIP) and PEAP appear less attainable. With continued refinement, indications are strong that the BSI process will further enhance accountability and efficacy of RWS. Continued and improved implementation of the BSI thus offers the optimal approach to meet all targets 40 17-11-21 00:19:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875619 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17225 Volltext, Open Access

1759731080

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:46.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759731080 OCoLC 1255604481 WBOKR 17226 EBP 064558681 KEP 064558681 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17226 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Achieving Financial Sustainability and Recovering Costs in Bank Financed Water Supply and Sanitation and Irrigation Projects Alain R. Locussol VerfasserIn aut Alexander McPhail VerfasserIn aut Chris Perry VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Water papers s ACCEPTABLE QUALITY s ACCESS TO FINANCING s ACCOUNTABILITY s ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES s ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING s AFFORDABLE WATER s AGRICULTURAL WATER USE s AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION s AIC s AQUIFERS s ASSET HOLDING COMPANY s AUTONOMY s BAD DEBT s BAD DEBTS s BALANCE SHEETS s BASIC SANITATION s BILL COLLECTION s BOREHOLES s BORROWER s BORROWING s BUSINESS ACTIVITY s CAPITAL COSTS s CAPITAL MARKETS s CAPITAL REQUIREMENT s CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS s CAPITAL STRUCTURE s CASH ACCOUNTING s CASH FLOW s CASH FLOW ANALYSIS s CASH FLOW STATEMENTS s CASH FLOWS s CASH RESERVES s CENTRAL GOVERNMENT s COLLECTION OF WATER s CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS s CONTRIBUTION TO COST s COST OF WATER s COST RECOVERY s COST RECOVERY POLICIES s COVERING s CREDITS s CREDITWORTHINESS s CUBIC METER s CUBIC METER OF WATER s CUSTOMER BASE s DAMS s DEBT s DEBT FINANCING s DEBT SERVICE s DEMAND FOR WATER s DEMAND MANAGEMENT s DEMAND MANAGEMENT POLICIES s DEMOCRATIC PROCESS s DEVELOPMENT BANK s DISCRIMINATION s DISPOSAL OF WASTEWATER s DRAINAGE s DRAINAGE SYSTEMS s DRINKING WATER s EFFICIENT WATER USE s EMPLOYERS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s EQUITY CAPITAL s EVAPORATION s EXCHANGE RATE s EXCLUSION s EXPENDITURE s EXPENDITURES s EXTERNAL SHOCKS s EXTERNALITIES s FARMERS s FINANCES s FINANCIAL ANALYSES s FINANCIAL ANALYSIS s FINANCIAL COST s FINANCIAL COSTS s FINANCIAL COVENANTS s FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s FINANCIAL VIABILITY s FINANCING COSTS s FIXED ASSETS s FLOOD CONTROL s FOREIGN EXCHANGE s FULL COST PRICING s FUNDING SOURCES s GENDER s GROUNDWATER s HANDPUMPS s HOURS OF SERVICE s HOUSEHOLDS s HYDROLOGIC CYCLE s IMPLICIT TAX s INADEQUATE FUNDS s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INCOME STATEMENTS s INDUSTRIAL USE s INFLATION s INTERNATIONAL BANK s INTERNATIONAL WATER s INVENTORY s INVESTMENT COSTS s IRRIGATION s IRRIGATION SYSTEMS s IRRIGATORS s LARGE DAMS s LEAST COST s LOAN s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS s LRMC s MAINTENANCE COSTS s MARGINAL COST s METERING s NATURAL RESOURCES s NUMBER OF BENEFICIARIES s OPERATING COSTS s OPERATING EXPENSES s OPERATING INCOME s OPERATING RATIO s OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY s OPERATIONAL RISK s OPERATIONAL RISKS s OPERATOR TARIFF s PENALTIES s PERFORMANCE INDICATORS s PIPED WATER s PRESENT VALUE s PRESSURE s PRIVATE OPERATOR s PRIVATE OPERATORS s PRIVATE PARTICIPATION s PRIVATE PARTICIPATION IN WATER s PRIVATIZATION s PRODUCTIVITY s PROFITABILITY s PUBLIC COMPANY s PUBLIC SAVINGS s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s QUALITY OF SERVICE s RAIN s REPAYMENT s RESOURCE ALLOCATION s RETURN ON ASSETS s RETURN ON EQUITY s REVENUE SOURCES s RIVERS s RUNOFF s RURAL COMMUNITIES s RURAL SETTLEMENTS s SANITATION FACILITIES s SANITATION OPERATIONS s SANITATION SERVICE s SANITATION SERVICE PROVIDERS s SEPTIC TANKS s SERVICE DELIVERY s SERVICE FEE s SERVICE IMPROVEMENTS s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SERVICE PROVISION s SERVICE QUALITY s SEWERAGE NETWORK s SEWERAGE SERVICES s STORM WATER s SUBSIDIARY s SURFACE WATER s TARIFF ADJUSTMENTS s TARIFF POLICIES s TARIFF SETTING s TARIFF STRUCTURE s TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE s URBAN AREAS s URBAN CENTERS s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s URBAN WATER UTILITIES s USE OF WATER s USER FEES s UTILITIES s WASTE WATER s WASTE WATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER COLLECTION s WATER ASSOCIATION s WATER BODIES s WATER COVERAGE s WATER DISTRIBUTION s WATER FEES s WATER MANAGEMENT s WATER POINTS s WATER PRICING s WATER PRODUCTION s WATER PROJECTS s WATER RATES s WATER REQUIREMENTS s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER RIGHTS s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE DELIVERY s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICE PROVISION s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SUPPLIES s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY COMPANY s WATER SUPPLY SERVICE s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TARIFF s WATER TARIFFS s WATER USE s WATER USER s WATER USER ASSOCIATION s WATER VENDORS s WELLS s WORKING CAPITAL English en_US This note is a partial response to the above mentioned 2010 Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) evaluation. It covers the specific issues to be addressed in the Water supply and Sanitation (WSS) sector and in the irrigation sector in two distinct parts, because if WSS and irrigation have some common features, there are many distinctions to be made. Among the various water-using sectors, that include navigation, fisheries, hydropower, rain fed agriculture, irrigated agriculture, WSS, and more generally 'the environment', cost recovery issues are of primary concern, and are the focus for this note, in the WSS and irrigation sectors. This preliminary background Note is divided in four parts: a 'history' of the call for financial sustainability and cost recovery and the parallel documenting of the lack of progress. This section ends with what this Note hopes to achieve in the face of what is clearly a deeply rooted problem; an outline of options to be considered for achieving financial sustainability of WSS service providers and recovering the costs of the WSS service through tariffs, i.e., from users and through subsidies; a discussion on what makes financial sustainability of irrigation projects different from WSS projects; and a summary of recommendations to teams involved in the identification, preparation, appraisal and supervision of water projects and of practical measures and actions that both the water sector board and the water anchor could take to help improve the Bank's track record in achieving and financial sustainability of the water projects it finances 40 17-11-21 00:19:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875627 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17226 Volltext, Open Access

1759731099

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759731099 OCoLC 1255604433 WBOKR 17227 EBP 064558673 KEP 064558673 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17227 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kenya Groundwater Governance Case Study Rafik Hirji VerfasserIn aut Edward Kairu VerfasserIn aut Michael Lane VerfasserIn aut Albert Mumma VerfasserIn aut Albert Tuinhof VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Water papers s ABSTRACTION POINTS s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY s ANNUAL PRECIPITATION s AQUIFER s AQUIFER MANAGEMENT s AQUIFER PROTECTION s AQUIFER RECHARGE s AQUIFERS s ARID COUNTRIES s ARTIFICIAL GROUNDWATER s ARTIFICIAL GROUNDWATER RECHARGE s ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE s AVAILABLE WATER s AVAILABLE WATER RESOURCES s BANK STORAGE s BASIN MANAGEMENT s BASIN WATER s BASINS s BOREHOLES s BULK WATER s BULK WATER SUPPLY s CATCHMENT s CATCHMENT AREA s CATCHMENT AREAS s CATCHMENT LEVEL s CATCHMENT MANAGEMENT s CATCHMENTS s CITY COUNCIL s CITY WATER s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CLEAN WATER s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE VARIABILITY s COASTAL AREAS s COASTAL LAGOONS s COMMERCIAL WATER s CONJUNCTIVE USE s CONSTRUCTION s CROP FAILURE s CUBIC METERS s DECISION MAKING s DEMAND FOR WATER s DISSOLVED SOLIDS s DOMESTIC WATER s DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY s DRAINAGE s DROUGHT s EARTH SCIENCES s EFFICIENT WATER USE s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s EQUITABLE ACCESS s EVAPORATION s FOOD PRODUCTION s FRESH WATER s FRESHWATER s FRESHWATER AVAILABILITY s GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES s GLOBAL WATER CRISIS s GOVERNANCE ARRANGEMENTS s GROUND WATER s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER ABSTRACTION s GROUNDWATER BASINS s GROUNDWATER BODIES s GROUNDWATER DATA s GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT s GROUNDWATER EXPLOITATION s GROUNDWATER FOR IRRIGATION s GROUNDWATER ISSUES s GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT s GROUNDWATER POLLUTION s GROUNDWATER PROJECTS s GROUNDWATER PROTECTION s GROUNDWATER QUALITY s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s GROUNDWATER STORAGE s GROUNDWATER USE s GROUNDWATER USERS s HAND PUMPS s HOUSEHOLDS s ICE s INDUSTRIAL USE s INDUSTRIAL WATER s INTENSIVE GROUNDWATER ABSTRACTION s INTENSIVE GROUNDWATER USE s INTERNATIONAL WATER s INTERNATIONAL WATER RESOURCES s IRRIGATION s IRRIGATION WATER s IRRIGATION WATER SUPPLY s IRRIGATORS s LAKES s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND USE s MANAGEMENT OF GROUNDWATER s MANAGEMENT OF GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s MANAGEMENT OF WATER s MANAGING WATER RESOURCES s MEASUREMENTS s METROPOLITAN DEVELOPMENT s MINISTRY OF WATER s MONITORING PROGRAM s MUNICIPAL WATER s MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLIES s NATIONAL WATER POLICY s NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s NATURAL RECHARGE s NATURAL RESOURCES s PESTICIDES s PIPELINE s PIT LATRINE s POLLUTION s POOR WATER QUALITY s POPULATION CENTERS s POPULATION GROWTH s PRESSURE s PRIVATE PARTICIPATION s PRIVATE WATER SUPPLY s PROTECTED AREAS s PROTECTION OF GROUNDWATER s PROVISION OF WATER s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s PUMPING s PUMPS s QUALITY WATER s RAIN s RAINFALL s RAW WATER s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s RENEWABLE GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s RENEWABLE WATER RESOURCES s RIVER BASIN s RUNOFF s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SALINE INTRUSION s SAND DAMS s SANITATION s SANITATION DEVELOPMENT s SEDIMENTS s SEMI-ARID LANDS s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SEWERAGE COMPANY s SEWERAGE SERVICES s SHARED WATER RESOURCES s SOCIAL SERVICES s SPRINGS s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATER DEVELOPMENT s SURFACE WATER RESOURCES s SURFACE WATER SUPPLY s SURFACE WATER SYSTEMS s SURFACE WATERS s SUSTAINABLE USE s TOWNS s URBAN RUNOFF s USE OF WATER s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WASTE WATER s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER DISPOSAL s WATER ALLOCATION s WATER ALLOCATIONS s WATER BOARDS s WATER CATCHMENT AREAS s WATER CONSERVATION s WATER FACILITIES s WATER GOVERNANCE s WATER INDUSTRY s WATER LEGISLATION s WATER PARTNERSHIP s WATER POLLUTION s WATER PROFESSIONALS s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PLANS s WATER RESOURCES PLANNING s WATER RIGHTS s WATER SECTOR s WATER SECTOR REFORM s WATER SERVICE s WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS s WATER SERVICES s WATER SHORTAGES s WATER SOURCES s WATER STORAGE s WATER STRATEGY s WATER SUPPLY PROJECTS s WATER SYSTEMS s WATER TABLE s WATER TARIFFS s WATER UNIT s WATER USER s WATER USES s WELLS s WETLANDS s WILDLIFE SERVICE English en_US This report presents a case study on groundwater governance in Kenya. The objectives of the study were to: (a) describe groundwater resource and socioeconomic settings for four selected aquifers; (b) describe governance arrangements for groundwater management in Kenya; and (c) identify the relevance of these arrangements for planning and implementing climate change mitigation measures. The report provides a comprehensive strategy to develop effective groundwater management and a pilot groundwater management plan. Kenya's draft Policy for the Protection of Groundwater provides most of the requirements for improving groundwater governance, including participation and empowerment of groundwater users, decentralization of management to local level, integration of surface and groundwater management, improving monitoring and data collection, identifying sites for managed aquifer recharge (MAR), mapping strategic aquifers and conjunctive use opportunities, and identifying groundwater conservation areas. Groundwater management decision making is sector-based and on the whole ad hoc; there is no mechanism for coordination and for fostering cross-sector linkages. Consequently, the management of groundwater resources has continued to be carried on in isolation from the management of land and other land-based resources, with the inevitable consequence that the implications of management decisions in critical areas such as physical are planning, land use planning, and agricultural activities have often been overlooked. At the same time, groundwater decision making remains overly centralized, with limited real involvement of stakeholder units, such as catchment area advisory committees (CAACs) and water resources user associations (WRUAs) 40 17-11-21 00:19:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875635 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17227 Volltext, Open Access

1759731102

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759731102 OCoLC 1255604324 WBOKR 17242 EBP 064558665 KEP 064558665 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17242 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India Groundwater Governance Case Study Richard Davis VerfasserIn aut Héctor Garduño VerfasserIn aut Saleem Romani VerfasserIn aut Buba Sengupta VerfasserIn aut Albert Tuinhof VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Water papers s AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT s AGRICULTURAL IRRIGATION s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s ANIMAL WASTES s AQUIFER s AQUIFERS s ARSENIC s BOREHOLES s BUNDS s CLIMATE CHANGE s COASTAL AREAS s COMPOSTING s CONJUNCTIVE USE s CONSTRUCTION s COVERING s CROP DIVERSIFICATION s CROP IRRIGATION s CROP PRODUCTION s DEEP WELLS s DEWATERING s DRAINAGE s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER SUPPLIES s EFFLUENT TREATMENT s EFFLUENTS s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION s ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS s ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES s ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s ESTUARIES s EVAPORATION s FERTILIZERS s FLOODPLAINS s FLUORIDE s FRESHWATER s GARBAGE s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER ABSTRACTION s GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT s GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT s GROUNDWATER MONITORING s GROUNDWATER POLLUTION s GROUNDWATER PROTECTION s GROUNDWATER PUMPING s GROUNDWATER QUALITY s GROUNDWATER RECHARGE s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s GROUNDWATER SOURCES s HIGH LEVELS s HYDROGEOLOGY s HYDROLOGY s INDUSTRIAL POLLUTANTS s INDUSTRIAL WATER s INFILTRATION s INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s IRON s IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE s IRRIGATION s IRRIGATION CANALS s IRRIGATION PURPOSES s IRRIGATION WATER s IRRIGATION WATER SUPPLY s JURISDICTION s LAKES s LAND DEGRADATION s LAND USE s LAND USE PLANNING s LANDFILLS s LAVA s LEAKS s LEGAL FRAMEWORK s LOW RAINFALL s METABOLISM s METERING s MINERALS s MINING s MONITORING PROTOCOLS s MUNICIPAL WATER s NATURAL RECHARGE s PERCOLATION s PESTICIDES s PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS s PLANTATIONS s POLLUTION s POLLUTION CONTROL s PONDS s POPULATION DENSITY s PRESSURE s PRIVATE WELLS s PROGRAMS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s PUMPING s PUMPS s QUALITY STANDARDS s RAINWATER s RAINWATER HARVESTING s RESIDUES s RIVERS s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAND DAMS s SANITATION s SANITATION COVERAGE s SEAWATER s SEWAGE s SILT s SOIL MOISTURE s SOILS s SOLID WASTE s SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL s SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT s SOURCE PROTECTION s STORAGE CAPACITY s STREAMFLOW s SURFACE RUNOFF s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATER RESOURCES s TREATMENT PLANTS s URBAN HOUSEHOLDS s URBAN WATER s URBAN WATER SUPPLY s WASTE s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WASTE STREAMS s WASTES s WASTEWATER s WASTEWATER DISPOSAL s WASTEWATER TREATMENT s WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES s WATER COLLECTION s WATER COMMISSION s WATER CONSERVATION s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER LOGGING s WATER MAINS s WATER POLICIES s WATER POLLUTION s WATER QUALITY s WATER QUALITY DATA s WATER QUALITY MONITORING s WATER QUALITY PROTECTION s WATER QUALITY REVIEW s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER RIGHTS s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICES s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER TABLE s WATER TABLES s WATER USE s WATER UTILITIES s WATER UTILITY s WATER WELLS s WATERS s WATERSHED s WATERSHED MANAGEMENT s WELL CONSTRUCTION s WELL DRILLING s WELLS English en_US Groundwater comprises 97 percent of the worlds readily accessible freshwater and provides the rural, urban, industrial and irrigation water supply needs of 2 billion people around the world. As the more easily accessed surface water resources are already being used, pressure on groundwater is growing. In the last few decades, this pressure has been evident through rapidly increasing pumping of groundwater, accelerated by the availability of cheap drilling and pumping technologies and, in some countries, energy subsidies that distort decisions about exploiting groundwater. This accelerated growth in groundwater exploitation unplanned, unmanaged, and largely invisible has been dubbed by prominent hydro geologists the silent revolution. It is a paradox that such a vast and highly valuable resource which is likely to become even more important as climate change increasingly affects surface water sources has been so neglected by governments and the development community at a time when interest and support for the water sector as a whole is at an all-time high. This case study is a background paper for the World Bank economic and sector analysis (ESW) entitled too big to fail: the paradox of groundwater governance that aims to understand and address the paradox at the heart of the groundwater governance challenge in order to elevate the need for investing in and promoting proactive reforms toward its management. The project examines the impediments to better governance of groundwater, and explores opportunities for using groundwater to help developing countries adapt to climate change. Its recommendations will guide the Bank in its investments on groundwater and provide the Bank's contributions to the Global Environment Facility (GEF) funded global project groundwater governance: a framework for country action. The case study focused on the national, state and local levels. At the national and state levels, it analyzed the policy, legal, and institutional arrangements to identify the demand and supply management and incentive structures that have been established for groundwater management. At the local level, it assessed the operations, successes, and constraints facing local institutions in the governance of a number of aquifers within peninsula India, on the coast and on the plain of the Ganges river valley 40 17-11-21 00:19:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875643 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17242 Volltext, Open Access

1759731110

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759731110 OCoLC 1255602817 WBOKR 17243 EBP 064558657 KEP 064558657 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17243 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Forest Governance 2.0 A Primer on ICTs and Governance Tuukka Castrén VerfasserIn aut Madhavi Pillai VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Program on Forests (PROFOR) s ACCESS TO COMPUTERS s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ACCESS TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s ACCESS TO NETWORKS s ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGY s ACTION PLAN s ADVERTISING s APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY s ATTRIBUTES s AUCTION s AUCTION SYSTEM s AUCTIONS s BACK OFFICE s BACKBONE s BASIC s BROADBAND s BROADBAND CONNECTION s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s BUSINESS MODEL s BUSINESS MODELS s BUSINESS PROCESSES s BUSINESSES s CAPABILITIES s CAPACITY BUILDING s CELL PHONE s CELL PHONES s CODING s COMMUNICATION INFRASTRUCTURE s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES s COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK s COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY s COMMUNITIES s COMPONENTS s COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY s COMPUTERIZATION s CONNECTIVITY s CUSTOMER BASE s CUSTOMS s DATA COLLECTION s DATA SECURITY s DATA STRUCTURES s DECISION MAKING s DECISION-MAKING s DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE s DEVELOPMENT OF E-GOVERNMENT s DIGITAL s DIGITAL ASSISTANT s DIGITAL ASSISTANTS s DIGITAL DIVIDE s DIGITAL FORMAT s DIGITIZATION s E-DEVELOPMENT s E-GOVERNANCE s E-GOVERNMENT s E-READINESS s E-SERVICES s E-STRATEGIES s ELECTRICITY s ELECTRONIC PAYMENTS s ELITES s END USERS s END-USER s ENTRY POINTS s FINANCIAL BENEFITS s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FINANCIAL SERVICES s FINANCIAL SUPPORT s FLOW OF INFORMATION s FRONT OFFICE s FUNCTIONALITY s GENERAL PUBLIC s GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS s GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM s GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEMS s GOVERNMENT POLICIES s GOVERNMENT SERVICES s GPS s HANDHELD COMPUTERS s HARDWARE s HUMAN CAPACITIES s HUMAN CAPACITY s ICT s ID s IMAGES s IMAGING s INFORMATION NETWORK s INFORMATION NETWORKS s INFORMATION SERVICES s INFORMATION SHARING s INFORMATION SOCIETY s INFORMATION SYSTEM s INFORMATION SYSTEMS s INFORMATION SYSTEMS IMPLEMENTATION s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES s INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY s INNOVATION s INNOVATIONS s INTEGRATED SYSTEMS s INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGY s INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE s INTERCONNECTIVITY s INTERFACES s INTERNATIONAL POLICY s INTERNATIONAL TRADE s INTERNET APPLICATIONS s INTERNET SERVICES s INVENTION s INVENTORIES s INVENTORY s IT SERVICES s IVR s KIOSKS s KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT s KNOWLEDGE SHARING s LAW ENFORCEMENT s LEGAL INFRASTRUCTURE s LEGAL SYSTEMS s LICENSES s LITERACY s LITERACY RATES s MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES s MANAGEMENT SYSTEM s MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS s MARKET ACCESS s MARKET DEMAND s MARKET PRICE s MARKET PRICES s MARKETING s MATERIAL s MEDIA s MEDICINE s MESSAGING s MIDDLEMEN s MOBILE DEVICES s MOBILE NETWORKS s MOBILE PHONE s MOBILE PHONES s MOBILE SERVICES s MOBILE TELEPHONE s MOBILE TELEPHONY s MONITORS s NATURAL RESOURCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE s NETWORKING s NEW TECHNOLOGIES s NEW TECHNOLOGY s OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE s PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT s PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENTS s PC s PDA s PDAS s PERSONAL COMPUTER s PERSONAL COMPUTERS s PERSONAL DIGITAL ASSISTANT s PHOTO s PILOT PROJECTS s POLITICAL STRUCTURES s POLITICAL WILL s PRICE INFORMATION s PRIVACY s PRIVACY ISSUES s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRIVATE SECTORS s PROCESS INFORMATION s PROCUREMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s PROGRAMS s PROPRIETARY SOFTWARE s PUBLIC ACCESS s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS s RADIO s RADIO FREQUENCY s RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION s REAL TIME s REGULATORY SYSTEM s RESULT s RFID s RURAL ACCESS s RURAL ENTREPRENEURS s SALES TRANSACTIONS s SAN s SATELLITE s SERVERS s SERVICE PROVIDER s SERVICE PROVIDERS s SITES s SMART CARDS s SMART PHONES s SOLAR PANELS s SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT s TECHNICAL RESOURCE s TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE s TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT s TECHNOLOGICAL INFRASTRUCTURE s TECHNOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE s TECHNOLOGICAL SUPPORT s TELECENTERS s TELECOM s TELECOMMUNICATION s TELECOMMUNICATION INFRASTRUCTURE s TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS s TELECOMMUNICATIONS s TELEPHONE s TELEPHONE LINES s TELEPHONE SERVICES s TELEPHONE TECHNOLOGY s TRACKING SYSTEM s TRANSACTION s TRANSMISSION s USER s USER INTERFACES s USERS s USES s VERIFICATION s VIDEO s VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL s VOIP s WEB s WEB SITE s WEB SITES s WIFI s WIRELESS s WIRELESS APPLICATION PROTOCOL s WIRELESS SERVICES English en_US In this report, the authors study the experiences and lessons learned on the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to promote good forest governance, and identify ways modern technology can be applied to meet the challenges of improving forest governance and achieving sustainable forest management. The authors believe that countries and their development partners can make their forest governance reforms more effective and inclusive through the use of information management and technology. The main focus in the report is on institutions how they interact with stakeholders and how their performance can be strengthened. The authors are trying to fill the gap in which experiences from various forest governance pilots are not widely shared. They do not cover forest inventories or technical resource assessment; extensive literature on these topics is available from various national and international research institutions and the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). They do not present all possibilities and current uses of ICT in forest governance. Their goal is to demonstrate the range and diversity of approaches, and the feasibility of using technology to promote forest governance. The report covers both 'small' and 'big' ICT. Small and more affordable ICT applications are often based on consumer devices for which the underlying technology is available ready-made from commercial sources. These devices can be used to interact with the public and in professional applications. The big ICT dimension includes professional applications that are tailor-made and often system-based and expensive. The report does not try to provide solutions for specific problems, but it demonstrates the extent to which information management is an essential part of sector reform. Development professionals dealing with forest governance can use their findings in consultations with partner countries and to help plan interventions. The report begins with a discussion of recent developments in the governance discourse to set the stage and show how the definition of forest governance has evolved. The authors then describe recent developments in access to ICT services, particularly in rural areas, and how information is used in the forest sector. There has been much concern about in-country digital divides; while they still exist, the past few years have seen an unprecedented increase in access to technology in rural areas 40 17-11-21 00:19:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875651 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17243 Volltext, Open Access

1759731129

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759731129 OCoLC 1255604600 WBOKR 17228 EBP 064558649 KEP 064558649 2012 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17228 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Managing the Invisible Understanding and Improving Groundwater Governance Benedicte Augeard VerfasserIn aut Bradley Hiller VerfasserIn aut Patrick Huntjens VerfasserIn aut Christopher Ward VerfasserIn aut Marcus Wijnen VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2012 1 Online-Ressource Water papers s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY s AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES s AGRICULTURAL IRRIGATION s AGRICULTURAL POLICY s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION s AGRICULTURAL USES s AGRICULTURAL WATER s AQUIFER s AQUIFER MANAGEMENT s AQUIFERS s ARID AREAS s CAPACITY BUILDING s CATCHMENT s CATCHMENT AREA s CATCHMENTS s CIVIL SOCIETY s CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE CHANGES s CLIMATE VARIABILITY s CLIMATIC VARIABILITY s COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE s CONSTRUCTION s CROP PRODUCTION s DECISION MAKERS s DEGRADATION OF GROUNDWATER s DEWATERING s DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISMS s DISTRIBUTION OF WATER s DRAINAGE s DRINKING WATER s DRINKING WATER COST s DRINKING WATER QUALITY s DRINKING WATER SUPPLY s DROUGHT s EFFLUENTS s EVAPORATION s FOOD SECURITY s FRESH WATER s FRESHWATER s GEOTHERMAL ENERGY s GLACIERS s GLOBAL WATER PARTNERSHIP s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GOOD WATER GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE ARRANGEMENTS s GRAVITY s GROUND WATER s GROUND WATER MANAGEMENT s GROUNDWATER s GROUNDWATER ABSTRACTION s GROUNDWATER BODIES s GROUNDWATER DEPLETION s GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT s GROUNDWATER EXPLOITATION s GROUNDWATER EXTRACTION s GROUNDWATER ISSUES s GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT s GROUNDWATER POLLUTION s GROUNDWATER PROJECTS s GROUNDWATER PROTECTION s GROUNDWATER QUALITY s GROUNDWATER RECHARGE s GROUNDWATER RESERVES s GROUNDWATER RESOURCE s GROUNDWATER RESOURCES s GROUNDWATER REVOLUTION s GROUNDWATER SYSTEMS s GROUNDWATER TABLE s GROUNDWATER USE s GROUNDWATER USERS s HIGH LEVELS s HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE s HYDROLOGICAL UNIT s ICE s INTERNATIONAL WATERS s IRON s IRRIGATION s IRRIGATION WATER s ISOTOPES s LAND USE s LOCAL AUTHORITIES s LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS s LOCAL WATER s LOCAL WATER MANAGEMENT s MANAGEMENT OF GROUNDWATER s MINISTRY OF WATER s MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT s MUNICIPAL WATER s OPEN WELLS s OUTPUT PRICES s PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES s PARTICIPATORY GOVERNANCE s PARTICIPATORY WATER MANAGEMENT s PESTICIDES s POLLUTION s PRESSURE s PRIVATE WATER SUPPLY s PUBLIC WATER s PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY s PUMPING s PUMPS s QUALITY WATER s RAINFALL s RAINFALL PATTERNS s REGULATORY REGIME s REMOTE SENSING s REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES s RIVER BASIN s RUNOFF s RURAL WATER s RURAL WATER SUPPLY s SAFE DRINKING WATER s SALINE WATER s SALINE WATER INTRUSION s SANITATION s SECTORAL POLICIES s SEWERAGE AUTHORITY s SEWERAGE COMPANY s SOURCE PROTECTION s SPRINGS s STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION s SURFACE WATER s SURFACE WATER RESOURCES s SURFACE WATERS s TOWNS s TOXIC ELEMENTS s URBAN DWELLERS s WASTE WATER s WASTEWATER s WATER AUTHORITY s WATER AVAILABILITY s WATER BILLS s WATER BOARD s WATER CONSERVATION s WATER CONSUMPTION s WATER DEMAND s WATER GOVERNANCE s WATER INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER INVESTMENTS s WATER MANAGEMENT AREAS s WATER NEEDS s WATER POLICY s WATER QUALITY s WATER RESOURCE s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT s WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK s WATER RIGHTS s WATER SCARCITY s WATER SECTOR s WATER SERVICES s WATER SOURCE s WATER SOURCES s WATER STRATEGY s WATER SUPPLY s WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS s WATER TRANSFER s WATER USE s WATER USER s WATER USER ASSOCIATION s WATER USER ASSOCIATIONS s WATER WITHDRAWALS s WELL DEVELOPMENT s WELLS s WUA English en_US Groundwater is playing an increasingly important role in domestic, industrial and agricultural water supply. With the advent of the tube well and driven by the rapid growth of demand for agricultural and municipal water, annual global groundwater extraction has increased in recent decades from 100 k 40 17-11-21 00:19:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987566X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17228 Volltext, Open Access

1759731137

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759731137 OCoLC 1255604466 WBOKR 17940 EBP 064558630 KEP 064558630 2009 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17940 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Findings from the Bhutan Learning Quality Survey World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC 2009 1 Online-Ressource South Asia human development sector series no. 21 Bhutan South Asia s ACCESS TO SCHOOLS s ADEQUATE INFRASTRUCTURE s AGE OF ENTRY s ASSESSMENT SYSTEM s AVERAGE PUPIL-TEACHER RATIO s BASIC COMPETENCIES s BASIC EDUCATION s BASIC SKILLS s BETTER LEARNING s CHILDREN IN SCHOOLS s CLASS ORGANIZATION s CLASS SIZES s CLASSROOM s CLASSROOMS s COGNITIVE SKILLS s COMMUNITY SCHOOL s COMMUNITY SCHOOLS s CURRICULA s CURRICULUM s DISABLED CHILDREN s DISTRICT EDUCATION s EARLY CHILDHOOD s EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION s EARLY GRADES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION ASSESSMENT s EDUCATION OFFICERS s EDUCATION OPPORTUNITIES s EDUCATION OUTCOMES s EDUCATION POLICY s EDUCATION PROVIDERS s EDUCATION QUALITY s EDUCATION REFORMS s EDUCATION SECTOR s EDUCATION SYSTEM s EDUCATION SYSTEMS s EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS s EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES s EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS s EDUCATIONAL QUALITY s EFFECTIVE LEARNING s EFFECTIVE SCHOOLS s ELEMENTS s END OF GRADE s FEMALE LITERACY s FEMALE LITERACY RATE s FEMALE TEACHERS s FREE BASIC EDUCATION s FUTURE RESEARCH s GENDER DIFFERENCES s GENDER DISPARITY s GENDER GAP s GENERAL EDUCATION s GER s GIRLS s GLOBAL EDUCATION s GRADE REPETITION s GRADUATE DEGREES s GRADUATE TEACHERS s GROSS ENROLMENT s GROSS ENROLMENT RATE s HEAD TEACHERS s HIGH RATES OF TEACHER ABSENTEEISM s HIGHER GRADE s HIGHER GRADES s HIGHER TEST SCORES s HOME LANGUAGE s HUMAN CAPITAL s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES s HUMAN RESOURCES s ILLITERACY s INSTRUCTION s INTERVENTIONS s KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY s LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION s LEARNING s LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT s LEARNING ACHIEVEMENTS s LEARNING LEVELS s LEARNING OUTCOMES s LEARNING TIME s LITERACY s LITERACY RATE s LITERACY RATES s LITERATE PARENTS s LITERATURE s LOWER SECONDARY s LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOL s LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS s LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOLS s MALE LITERACY RATE s MATH SCORES s MATH TEST s MATHEMATICS s MINISTRY OF EDUCATION s MODERN EDUCATION s NATIONAL CURRICULUM s NATIONAL EDUCATION s NATIONAL LANGUAGE s NER s NET ENROLMENT s NET ENROLMENT RATE s NUMBER OF STUDENTS s NUMBER OF TEACHERS s NUMERACY s NUTRITION s OBSERVABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SCHOOLS s OLDER CHILDREN s PAPERS s PARTICIPATION IN EDUCATION s PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT s PRIMARY CLASSES s PRIMARY CYCLE s PRIMARY EDUCATION s PRIMARY GRADES s PRIMARY GROSS ENROLMENT RATE s PRIMARY LEVEL s PRIMARY LEVELS s PRIMARY SCHOOL s PRIMARY SCHOOL CYCLE s PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS s PRIVATE SCHOOL s PRIVATE SCHOOL TEACHERS s PRIVATE SCHOOLS s PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s PROFICIENCY s PUBLIC EDUCATION s PUBLIC SCHOOL s PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS s PUBLIC SCHOOLS s PUPIL TEACHER RATIO s PUPIL-TEACHER RATIO s QUALIFIED TEACHERS s QUALITY EDUCATION s QUALITY OF EDUCATION s QUALITY OF TEACHING s QUALITY PRIMARY EDUCATION s QUALITY TEACHERS s RATES OF ABSENTEEISM s READING s READING COMPREHENSION s REPETITION RATE s REPETITION RATES s RURAL AREAS s SCHOOL ADJUSTMENT s SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS s SCHOOL BUDGETS s SCHOOL CHILDREN s SCHOOL EFFECTS s SCHOOL ENROLMENT s SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE s SCHOOL LEVEL s SCHOOL LOCATION s SCHOOL OWNERSHIP s SCHOOL PARTICIPATION s SCHOOL QUALITY s SCHOOL SURVEY s SCHOOL TEACHERS s SCHOOL TYPES s SCHOOLING s SECONDARY SCHOOL s SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS s SECONDARY SCHOOLS s SMALL SCHOOLS s STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT BACKGROUND CHARACTERISTICS s STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS s STUDENT LEARNING s STUDENT LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT s STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES s STUDENT OUTCOMES s STUDENT PERFORMANCE s SUBJECTS s TEACHER s TEACHER ABSENTEEISM s TEACHER CERTIFICATION s TEACHER CHARACTERISTICS s TEACHER EDUCATION s TEACHER EFFECTIVENESS s TEACHER EXPECTATIONS s TEACHER INCENTIVES s TEACHER MOTIVATION s TEACHER PERFORMANCE s TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT s TEACHER QUALITY s TEACHER SALARIES s TEACHER TRAINING s TEACHERS s TEACHING s TEACHING FORCE s TEACHING METHODS s TEACHING STRATEGIES s TEACHING-LEARNING s TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS s TEXTBOOKS s UNIVERSAL EDUCATION s UNIVERSAL PARTICIPATION English en_US The education sector in Bhutan has been growing steadily since the 1960s and concomitantly the literacy rates of the population have also been steadily going up over time. The mostly mountainous country regards education as central to its national development. Every cohort has seen an increasing share of children going to school and the education system now strains to keep up with the speed with which enrolment has expanded over the last ten years, in-line with Bhutan's commitment to meet the education Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This report is structured as follows: section two presents the background and context of Bhutan's education system; section three discusses previous theoretical and empirical literature on education quality; section four describes the sampling design methodology, the sample and empirical methodology used in this study; section five presents findings on students' actual knowledge in three subjects and their corresponding scaled scores; section six presents the results of multivariate regression analysis for estimating school, teacher and child related correlates of learning outcomes; section seven profiles teachers in grades two and four and the education process; and section eight concludes with brief summary, discussion of policy implications, and recommendation for future research 40 17-11-21 00:19:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875678 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17940 Volltext, Open Access

1759731145

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759731145 OCoLC 1255604468 WBOKR 18285 EBP 064558622 KEP 064558622 2010 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18285 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Environmental Governance in Oil-Producing Developing Countries Findings from a Survey of 32 Countries Eleodoro Mayorga Alba VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2010 1 Online-Ressource Extractive industries and development series no. 17 s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s APPROACH s AUDITS s AVAILABILITY s BARREL s BARRELS PER DAY s CASM s CLEAN-UP s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLOSURE s COMMERCIAL ENERGY s DECISION MAKING s DEVELOPED COUNTRIES s ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS s ECONOMIC CONDITIONS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EFFLUENTS s EITI s EMISSIONS s ENERGY DEMAND s ENERGY OUTLOOK s ENVIRONMENTAL s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS s ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS s ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION s ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES s ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS s ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTICES s ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS s ENVIRONMENTS s EXTRACTION s EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES s EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVE s EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRY PROJECTS s FINANCIAL RESOURCES s FUEL s FUEL PRICES s GAS s GAS ACTIVITIES s GAS COMPANIES s GAS DEVELOPMENT s GAS DEVELOPMENT · PROJECT s GAS EXPLORATION s GAS EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION s GAS FACILITIES s GAS FLARING s GAS FLARING REDUCTION s GAS INDUSTRY s GAS INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT s GAS PRODUCERS s GAS PROJECTS s GAS RESOURCES s GOOD GOVERNANCE s GREENHOUSE GAS s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT s HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT s INDEPENDENT MONITORING s INDIGENOUS PEOPLES s INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS s LAND USE s LNG s MINERAL s MINERAL RESOURCE s MINING POLICY s MINING PROJECTS s NATURAL RESOURCE ABUNDANCE s NATURAL RESOURCES s OFFSHORE PRODUCTION s OGMC s OIL s OIL AND GAS s OIL AND GAS SECTOR s OIL COMPANIES s OIL PRODUCER s OIL PRODUCERS s OIL SUPPLY s OIL-PRODUCING COUNTRIES s PETROLEUM s PETROLEUM INDUSTRY s PETROLEUM MARKETS s PETROLEUM PRODUCING s PETROLEUM PRODUCING COUNTRIES s PETROLEUM PRODUCT PRICING s PETROLEUM SECTOR s PIPELINE s PIPELINE PROJECT s PIPELINES s POLICY MAKERS s POLLUTION s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE s PRIVATE SECTOR s PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT s PRODUCERS s PROTECTED AREAS s PUBLIC HEALTH s PUBLIC HEARINGS s RAW MATERIALS s RECLAMATION s REDUCING EMISSIONS s REGULATORY APPROVAL s RESOURCE CURSE s RESOURCE EXTRACTION s REVENUE FLOWS s REVENUE MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s SECURITIES s SMALL-SCALE s SMALL-SCALE MINERS s SMALL-SCALE MINING s SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT s SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS s SUSTAINABILITY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT s WAGES s WASTE MANAGEMENT s WELLS s WORLD OIL DEMAND English en_US The Petroleum Governance Initiative (PGI) encompasses three general themes, or pillars, that address issues issues of transparency and economic responsibility, environmental sustainability and responsible community development. Of particular interest here is the second pillar, environmental sustainability; the PGI is currently involved in four main activities surrounding this theme: 1) assessing environmental governance and management in oil-producing countries-the topic of this paper; 2) conducting a strategic environmental assessment of oil and gas activity in Mauritania; 3) conducting workshops and preparing a toolkit on decommissioning and abandonment; and 4) providing in-country assistance on environmental management to a limited number of countries. This paper presents the results of a survey undertaken by the PGI to measure the environmental governance of oil-producing nations against a benchmark standard representing a compendium of good management practices for minimizing impacts of oil and gas development. The objective is to identify areas where the World Bank can provide assistance to improve environmental governance and management systems, particularly in those developing countries whose oil and gas industry is rapidly emerging as a major component of gross domestic product. Detecting governance gaps-and, more importantly, facilitating the rapid implementation of corrective measures-is an important challenge for the World Bank in its efforts to preserve natural habitats and the culture of indigenous peoples 40 17-11-21 00:19:23.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875686 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18285 Volltext, Open Access

1759731153

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759731153 OCoLC 1255604469 WBOKR 18293 EBP 064558614 KEP 064558614 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18293 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Role of Liquefied Petroleum Gas in Reducing Energy Poverty Masami Kojima VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2011 1 Online-Ressource Extractive industries for development series no. 25 English en_US Increasing household use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is one of several pathways to meet the goal of universal access to clean cooking and heating solutions by 2030, as stated in the United Nations' Sustainable Energy for All Initiative. This study examined factors affecting household use of LPG, the state of LPG markets in developing countries, and measures to enable more households to shift away from solid fuels to LPG. The study is based on three separate but complementary analyses of factors affecting LPG use in developing countries: (1) econometric analysis of national household expenditure surveys in 10 developing countries that assessed the factors influencing LPG selection and consumption; (2) examination of LPG markets in 20 developing countries, including their regulatory frameworks, pricing and other policies, supply infrastructure, cylinder management, amount of information available to the public, and activities designed to promote household use of LPG; and (3) data from households in 110 developing countries about energy choices related to cooking, with information on energy choice by wealth quintile available in 63 of them 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875694 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18293 Volltext, Open Access

1759731293

31,40,2003,2012 0007:03-06-21 FRUB:16-01-23 13:45:39.000 0007:17-11-21 utf8 0 Aau Text txt ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n Band nc 1759731293 OCoLC 1338234156 9780192856371 pbk 9780198798897 hbk. 9780192856371 KXP 1759731293 eng rda 2021 https://www.gbv.de/dms/bowker/toc/9780198798897.pdf DE-601 Bowker pdf/application 2020-01-19 G Inhaltsverzeichnis 04 DE-601 2 XA-GB XD-US Married life in the Middle Ages, 900-1300 Elisabeth van Houts 488056276 Houts Elisabeth van 1952 gnd/123376882 VerfasserIn aut 10263596X Oxford University Press gnd/812629-X Verlag pbl Published in paperback Oxford Oxford University Press x, 298 Seiten 24 cm Illustrationen Oxford studies in medieval European history Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 261-285 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 1670661911 Married life in the Middle Ages, 900-1300 Houts Elisabeth van 1952 gnd/123376882 Oxford Oxford University Press March 2019 s Marriage History To 1500 Europe s Marriage Religious aspects Christianity History To 1500 g Europe Social life and customs g Europe Social conditions To 1492 104289007 Europa gnd/4015701-5 106342541 Ehe gnd/4013630-9 104152044 Soziale Situation gnd/4077575-6 106187155 Religion gnd/4049396-9 Geschichte 900-1300 DE-16/s63-19 306.810940902 181571560 15.33 Hoch- und Spätmittelalter 181571005 15.08 Sozialgeschichte 1271460831 NM 6360 N Geschichte NM Geschichte des Mittelalters NM 5400-NM 7470 Abendländische Geschichte im Mittelalter nach Zeitabschnitten NM 6240-NM 7225 Hochmittelalter (911 - 1254) Kirchengeschichte, Geistes- und Kulturgeschichte DE-24/20sred 40 19-11-21 12:38:47.000 utf8 19-11-21 1358 0007 621352284 PHE 300 Gesellschaft {Europäische Geschichte: Hoch- und Spätmittelalter} 03-06-21 19-11-21 12:38:47.000 utf8 19-11-21 1358 0007 3934408435 18-11-21 ksn FMAG 2021 A 12197 u 00 7$237305224 2021-11

1759732060

11,40,188 0001:03-06-21 0007:23-08-23 12:50:45.000 0001:03-06-21 utf8 0 Aau Text txt ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n Band nc 1759732060 OCoLC 1258114593 9783896243461 KXP 1759732060 ger rda 2020 826484824 Konferenzschrift gnd/1071861417 https://d-nb.info/1232422223/04 B:DE-101 application/pdf 2021-06-30 H Inhaltsverzeichnis 04 DNB 2 XA-DE Umfassendes bundesweites Biodiversitätsmonitoring Ergebnisse einer Vilmer Fachtagung Herausgegeben von Wiebke Züghart, Stefanie Stenzel, Beate Fritsche 081551215 Züghart Wiebke gnd/121812499 HerausgeberIn edt 889285012 Stenzel Stefanie 1983 gnd/1133509800 HerausgeberIn edt Beate Fritsche HerausgeberIn edt 1749281295 Tagung "Das Umfassende Bundesweite Biodiversitätsmonitoring - Aktuelle Entwicklungen und Perspektiven" 2017 Putbus- Insel Vilm gnd/1228017352 VerfasserIn aut Tagung "Das umfassende bundesweite Biodiversitätsmonitoring - Aktuelle Entwicklung und Perspektiven" Putbus-Insel Vilm 2017 Bonn - Bad Godesberg Bundesamt für Naturschutz 197 Seiten Illustrationen, Grafiken, Karten BfN-Skripten 585 585 270126112 BfN-Skripten Deutschland Bundesamt für Naturschutz gnd/5090674-4 1476341-2 585 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 1768061661 Umfassendes bundesweites Biodiversitätsmonitoring Tagung "Das Umfassende Bundesweite Biodiversitätsmonitoring - Aktuelle Entwicklungen und Perspektiven" 2017 Putbus- Insel Vilm gnd/1228017352 Bonn-Bad Godesberg Bundesamt für Naturschutz 2020 104704861 Deutschland gnd/4011882-4 326140409 Biodiversität gnd/4601495-0 809019817 Naturschutzmonitoring gnd/1063070740 DA-3 333.7 DE-101 106417010 43.31 Naturschutz DA-3 for Aus dem Vorwort Auf Einladung des BfN tauschten sich MonitoringexpertInnen aus Verwaltung, Anwendung und Wissenschaft auf der Tagung "Das Umfassende Bundesweite Biodiversitätsmonitoring - Aktuelle Entwicklung und Perspektiven" Ende 2017 an der Internationalen Naturschutzakademie Vilm über die fachlichen Anforderungen an das Biodiversitätsmonitoring aus. 40 04-05-23 04-05-23 11:45:28.000 utf8 04-05-23 1572 0007 4317885905 04-05-23 xsn 7 0001 BBF : MAG F 2023 B 117 u 00 7$238108066 2023-05

1759732621

20-22,40,60,62,105,132,213,230,382,2403 0028:03-06-21 1999:20-07-23 03:30:55.000 0028:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oau Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732621 OCoLC 1253757192 urn:nbn:de:gbv:28-rosdok_id00003036-7 10.18453/rosdok_id00003036 KXP 1759732621 ger rda 2020 105825778 Hochschulschrift gnd/4113937-9 http://purl.uni-rostock.de/rosdok/id00003036 H LF https://doi.org/10.18453/rosdok_id00003036 R LF https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:28-rosdok_id00003036-7 R LF https://d-nb.info/1293663719/34 N LF GBV-ODiss XA-DE Optimierung der Visualisierung von Strahlenverläufen durch Intraokularlinsen und natürliche Linsen vorgelegt von Julia Forbrig 1759732362 Forbrig Julia 1990 gnd/123467520X VerfasserIn aut 583830390 Stachs Oliver 1965 gnd/136520065 AkademischeR BetreuerIn dgs 738221430 Reiß Stephan 1966 gnd/1032305193 AkademischeR BetreuerIn dgs 08232848X Kirschstein Timo 1974 gnd/123070171 AkademischeR BetreuerIn dgs 100874770 Universität Rostock gnd/38329-6 Grad-verleihende Institution dgg 733697968 Universitätsmedizin Rostock gnd/1029510660 Grad-verleihende Institution dgg Rostock Universität 104757477 Rostock gnd/4050610-1 uvp Rostock Universitätsbibliothek 2021 1 Online-Ressource Optimierung der Visualisierungstechnik für Strahlenverläufe durch Intraokularlinsen zur Charakterisierung multifokaler Abbildungseigenschaften von Fresnel-Zonenplatten. Erschienen im klinischen Monatsblatt der Augenheilkunde 2014 GutachterInnen: Oliver Stachs (Universitätsaugenklinik Rostock) ; Stephan Reiß (Beuth Hochschule für Technik Berlin) ; Timo Kirschstein (Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Institut für Physiologie) Dissertation Universität Rostock 2021 Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe 1759800163 Optimierung der Visualisierung von Strahlenverläufen durch Intraokularlinsen und natürliche Linsen Forbrig Julia 1990 gnd/123467520X Rostock Juni 2020 104096756 Kunststofflinse gnd/4300844-6 104096756 Kunststofflinse gnd/4300844-6 maschinell generiert emagnd: 0,19598 20230624 DE-101 104540141 Grauer Star gnd/4158095-3 maschinell generiert emagnd: 0,16709 20230624 DE-101 10482607X Augenkrankheit gnd/4112627-0 maschinell generiert emagnd: 0,11572 20230624 DE-101 106389149 Augenheilkunde gnd/4003593-1 maschinell generiert emagnd: 0,09934 20230624 DE-101 105422622 Linse gnd/4167776-6 maschinell generiert emagnd: 0,06358 20230624 DE-101 104616873 Physiologie gnd/4045981-0 maschinell generiert emagnd: 0,06329 20230624 DE-101 104704861 Deutschland gnd/4011882-4 maschinell generiert emagnd: 0,08815 20230624 DE-101 610 617.7 maschinell generiert emakn: 1,00000 20230624 DE-101 610 maschinell generiert emasg: 0,69411 20230624 DE-101 106410016 44.95 Augenheilkunde 1271640554 YO 8204 X-Y Medizin YO Augenheilkunde (Ophthalmologie) YO 7000-YO 9099 Spezielle Augenheilkunde YO 8200-YO 8299 Augenlinse: Katarakt (Grauer Star) YO 8201-YO 8228 A. Formalschlüssel Dissertation, Habilitationsarbeit pha Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit werden die Möglichkeiten einer Visualisierung des Strahlenverlaufs durch Intraokularlinsen in einem künstlichen Augenmodell evaluiert. Um die Effekte einer Dezentrierung/Verkippung zu analysieren, werden verschiedene Messreihen mit dezentrierten/verkippten Intraokularlinsen und natürlichen Linsen durchgeführt. Der Messaufbau eignet sich als Plattform für eine standardisierte Untersuchung verschiedener Intraokularlinsen-Konzepte. Durch die Strahloptimierung lassen sich unter anderem sphärische Aberration und multiple Fokuspunkte von Multifokallinsen untersuchen.<ger> 40 20-07-23 13:16:09.000 utf8 20-07-23 add_edisex 1999 4355675793 20-07-23 xsn https://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:28-rosdok_id00003036-7

1759732729

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732729 OCoLC 1255604491 WBOKR 35559 EBP 064525228 KEP 064525228 2021 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35559 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Indonesia for the Period FY21 - FY25 International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC World Bank 2021 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s CORONAVIRUS s COVID-19 s FINANCE FOR DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL ENGAGEMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s GENDER ASSESSMENT s GOVERNANCE s IFC DISBURSEMENTS s INCLUSION s PANDEMIC IMPACT s PARTNERSHIPS s POVERTY s PRIVATE CAPITAL MOBILIZATION s PROCUREMENT s REGIONAL DISPARITY s WORLD BANK GROUP PORTFOLIO s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English This document presents the Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for the World Bank Group (WBG) for Indonesia, covering the period FY2021-FY2025. The CPF builds on past successes and blends continuity of the past strategy with change. The past strategy began shifting towards supporting private sector-led growth, based on investments in human capital and underpinned by institutional reforms. This CPF proposes a further shift towards reinforcing fiscal resilience, harnessing the potential of digitalization, integrating climate change considerations, and realizing the contribution of gender to promote a resilient recovery from the pandemic and long-term economic growth. Current conditions require re-focused knowledge and advisory work, inter alia, in public finances, governance, health and social protection as well as a rise in the volume of IBRD lending and IFC financial support tilted towards these re-defined priorities. This document details the CPF program for the first three years of the CPF period in light of unusually great uncertainties, within a five-year overall framework. The first half of the CPF period will be dominated by the need to secure a sustained recovery from the COVID pandemic 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875708 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35559 Volltext, Open Access

1759732737

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732737 OCoLC 1255604579 WBOKR 35513 EBP 06452521X KEP 06452521X 2021 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35513 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Malawi for the Period FY21-FY25 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2021 1 Online-Ressource Africa Africa Eastern and Southern (AFE) Malawi s COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE s DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION s DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT s DONOR COORDINATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s PARTNERSHIP STRATEGY s POVERTY s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s RISK MANAGEMENT s RURAL-URBAN INTEGRATION s VULNERABILITY s WORLD BANK GROUP PORTFOLIO s YOUTH EMPLOYMENT English Coming at a time of hope and challenge, the new World Bank Group (WBG) Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Malawi for FY21–25 sets out a focused and flexible engagement strategy. The WBG’s engagement is organized around three focus areas: (1) bolstering foundations for growth and accountability; (2) promoting private sector-led jobs and livelihoods; and (3) strengthening human capital development. In addition, digital development and women’s empowerment will be integrated as crosscutting themes 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875716 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35513 Volltext, Open Access

1759732745

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732745 OCoLC 1255604378 WBOKR 35512 EBP 064525201 KEP 064525201 2021 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35512 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Maldives Systematic Country Diagnostic Update World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2021 1 Online-Ressource Maldives s EMPLOYMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s GENDER s INEQUALITY s JOB CREATION s LABOR MARKET s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s TOURISM s YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT English Maldives is the smallest yet most densely populated country in South Asia. Endowed with an extremely rich and diverse marine ecological system, Maldives has been able to develop a successful high-end tourism sector. Tourism continues to be the main engine of growth, but there are limited interlinkages between the high-end tourism sector and the local economy. This document builds on the findings in the 2015 Systematic Country Diagnostic, providing an in-depth analysis on labor market outcomes and spatial disparities 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875724 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35512 Volltext, Open Access

1759732753

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732753 OCoLC 1255604440 WBOKR 35434 EBP 064525198 KEP 064525198 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35434 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Namibia Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Africa Africa Eastern and Southern (AFE) Namibia s ACCESS TO FINANCE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE VULNERABILITY s COMPETITION s CONSTRAINTS s DRIVERS OF GROWTH s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s ENVIRONMENTAL SHOCK s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL TRENDS s HOUSING AFFORDABILITY s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INEQUALITY s INFRASTRUCTURE s INPUT MARKETS s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s MINING INVESTMENT s NATIONAL WEALTH s POLARIZED LABOR MARKET s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRICE VOLATILITY s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s REGIONAL DEPENDENCE s SERVICE DELIVERY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s UNEMPLOYMENT s URBANIZATION English Since gaining independence in 1990, Namibia has undertaken an economic transformation and experienced strong economic growth. Despite decades marked by progress, deep underlying challenges remain in Namibia, undermining the prospects for further advancement. Namibia has been in recession since 2016 and public finances have continued to deteriorate. The global COVID-19 crisis is expected to have a substantial adverse economic and social impact 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875732 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35434 Volltext, Open Access

1759732761

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732761 OCoLC 1255604464 WBOKR 35099 EBP 06452518X KEP 06452518X 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35099 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Fiji FY2021-FY2024 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Fiji s DONOR COORDINATION s GENDER EQUALITY s GOVERNANCE s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INEQUALITY s PARTNERSHIP FRAMEWORK s POVERTY s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s RESILIENCE s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS s WORLD BANK GROUP PROGRAM English 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875740 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35099 Volltext, Open Access

175973277X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973277X OCoLC 1255604543 WBOKR 35098 EBP 064525171 KEP 064525171 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35098 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Federal Republic of Nigeria for the Period FY21-FY25 International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Africa Africa Western and Central (AFW) Nigeria s CLIMATE CHANGE s DIVERSIFICATION s DONOR COORDINATION s FISCAL TRENDS s FRAGILITY s GENDER s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s JOB CREATION s PRIVATE FINANCE s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s RESILIENCE s SAFEGUARDS s STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION English To provide economic opportunities for its growing population, Nigeria needs to unlock private investment and job creation, and further the structural transformation and diversification of its economy. The low levels of human capital and the slow progress on diversification reflect and also contribute to the low levels and quality of public expenditures. The strategic objective of this Country Partnership Framework (CPF) is to support Nigeria to achieve progress on poverty reduction by promoting faster, more inclusive, and sustainable growth. Nigeria’s development agenda and development financing needs are vast, creating considerable excess demand for our support. Given Nigeria’s potential but also the critical challenges that it needs to address to realize that potential, the CPF proposes an ambitious engagement while recognizing the associated risks 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875759 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35098 Volltext, Open Access

1759732788

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732788 OCoLC 1255604544 WBOKR 34971 EBP 064525163 KEP 064525163 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34971 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Kingdom of Bhutan for the Period FY2021-24 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Bhutan South Asia s CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s DIGITAL ECONOMY s DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT s DONOR COORDINATION s GROSS NATIONAL HAPPINESS s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s IDA LENDING s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s PARTNERSHIPS s POVERTY HEADCOUNT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s RESILIENCE s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English The country’s unique philosophy is expressed by Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness (GNH) as the guiding principle of development. Bhutan is at a crossroads: It can maintain the current pattern of development—with rising inequality—or develop a vibrant private sector to generate jobs and diversify the economy, building resilience to future external shocks. The overarching priority of this Country Partnership Framework (CPF) is job creation. This CPF presents an integrated framework of WBG support to help Bhutan achieve inclusive and sustainable development through private sector–led job creation 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875767 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34971 Volltext, Open Access

1759732796

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732796 OCoLC 1255604453 WBOKR 34970 EBP 064525155 KEP 064525155 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34970 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Kingdom of Eswatini Toward Equal Opportunity Accelerating Inclusion and Poverty Reduction World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Systematic Country Diagnostic Africa Africa Eastern and Southern (AFE) Eswatini s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s CLIMATE CHANGE s DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s FISCAL RISK s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INEQUALITY s INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES s INSTITUTIONS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s MIGRATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s SHARED PROSPERITY s TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE s WATER AND SANITATION English One of three kingdoms in Africa, the Kingdom of Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) is a small, homogeneous, and landlocked country that is quasi-enclaved within South Africa. Eswatini is one of the world’s most trade-dependent economies, with South Africa as its most important trading partner. The COVID-19 pandemic is expected to worsen Eswatini’s growth outlook in the near to medium term, which will exacerbate the triple problems of high unemployment, poverty, and inequality. Eswatini has high levels of poverty and income inequality, which are not commensurate with its middle-income status. This Systematic Country Diagnostic views addressing inequality of opportunity, manifested in people’s unequal access to assets, markets, services, and rights, as central to accelerating poverty reduction and shared prosperity in Eswatini. To this end, it identifies five interconnected, broad priority policy areas that could potentially make the greatest contribution to eliminating extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity. These are: (a) strengthening macroeconomic management; (b) diversifying the economy and creating jobs; (c) strengthening human capital and the inclusive delivery of public services; (d) improving resilience to natural disasters and economic shocks; and across these four areas, (e) demonstrating credible commitment to transparent and effective policy implementation 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875775 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34970 Volltext, Open Access

175973280X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:47.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973280X OCoLC 1255604454 WBOKR 34969 EBP 064525147 KEP 064525147 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34969 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO A Pivotal Moment for Guyana Realizing the Opportunities World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Systematic Country Diagnostic Guyana Latin America & Caribbean s EMPLOYMENT s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INSTITUTIONS s INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY s JOB CREATION s OIL SECTOR s POVERTY REDUCTION s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT English Guyana stands at the thre ... 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875783 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34969 Volltext, Open Access

1759732818

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732818 OCoLC 1255604612 WBOKR 34776 EBP 064525120 KEP 064525120 2016 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34776 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Guatemala for the Period FY17-20 International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2016 1 Online-Ressource Guatemala Latin America & Caribbean s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES s ACCOUNTABILITY s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s GOVERNANCE s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INDIGENOUS POPULATION s INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s MICROFINANCE s NUTRITION s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL CONTRACT s SOCIAL FRAGMENTATION s SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s WATER AND SANITATION s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English Guatemala is at an historic juncture, following a political and institutional crisis in 2015, a newly elected government is starting to take on deep-rooted development problems. The crisis was triggered by the uncovering of a corruption scheme that permeated the tax administration superintendence (SAT) and the highest political levels. The country has enormous potential to generate growth and prosperity for its population; yet growth remains low, poverty and inequality persistently high, and high rates of childhood stunting threaten Guatemala’s ability to reach its full development potential. This glaring juxtaposition highlights the existence of two Guatemala’s, with large gaps in both social and economic outcomes. In this context, the World Bank Group’s (WBG) new country partnership framework (CPF) seeks to support Guatemala in fostering inclusion of vulnerable groups, and addressing bottlenecks to sustainable growth 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875791 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34776 Volltext, Open Access

1759732826

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732826 OCoLC 1255604545 WBOKR 34777 EBP 064525112 KEP 064525112 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34777 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Systematic Country Diagnostic Kenya World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Africa Kenya s ACCOUNTABILITY s BLUE ECONOMY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT s COMPETITIVENESS s DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY s ETHNIC RELATIONS s GENDER s GLOBAL VALUE CHAIN s GOVERNANCE s GROWTH DRIVERS s HUMAN CAPITAL s INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY s JOB CREATION s MICROFINANCE s NATURAL CAPITAL s PHYSICAL CAPITAL s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL INCLUSIVENESS s SUSTAINABILITY s TRADE INTEGRATION s WILDLIFE CONSERVATION English This World Bank Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) provides an analytical foundation for identifying country-level actions and investments that would increase growth and boost shared prosperity in Kenya. The conceptual framework adopted for this SCD is organized around two main strategies: (1) higher aggregate output and productivity growth and (2) greater equity and inclusiveness 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875805 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34777 Volltext, Open Access

1759732834

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732834 OCoLC 1255604492 WBOKR 34550 EBP 064525090 KEP 064525090 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34550 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Central African Republic for the Period FY21-FY25 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Africa Central African Republic s CONNECTIVITY s CORONAVIRUS s COVID-19 s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s DONOR COORDINATION s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s FINANCING s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSION s INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION s MULTILATERAL INVESTMENT GUARANTEE AGENCY s PANDEMIC RESPONSE s PARTNERSHIPS s RESILIENCE s RESULTS MATRIX s RISK MANAGEMENT s STABILIZATION s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s STATE LEGITIMACY s TURN-AROUND ALLOCATION s WORLD BANK GROUP PORTFOLIO English The WBG proposes a five-year strategy for CAR focused on a resilient and inclusive COVID-19 recovery amid an historic turn-around opportunity. The proposed program has been calibrated to fully address CAR’s fragility drivers. With women’s empowerment and digital development as cross-cutting priorities, the CPF is structured along two focus areas: Focus Area 1 - Human Capital and Connectivity to Boost Stabilization, Inclusion and Resilience, with direct support to the peace process; immediate social and health responses to COVID-19; sectoral engagements in health, education, energy, water and transport; and specific investments in the empowerment of women and girls. Focus Area 2 - Economic Management and Improved Governance to Build State Legitimacy and Foster Growth, with a strong program of reforms and targeted investments to strengthen public financial management (PFM) and debt management and transparency; support decentralization, increase domestic resource mobilization (DRM), and digitize the administration; and support the private sector 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875813 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34550 Volltext, Open Access

1759732842

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:20.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732842 OCoLC 1255604338 WBOKR 34466 EBP 064525074 KEP 064525074 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34466 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Central African Republic for the Period FY21-FY25 International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Africa Central African Republic s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CONNECTIVITY s CORONAVIRUS s COVID-19 s DONOR COORDINATION s ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s PANDEMIC RESPONSE s PARTNERSHIP s RISK MANAGEMENT s SECURITY ISSUES s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s STATE LEGITIMACY s WORLD BANK GROUP PORTFOLIO pha English The Central African Republic (CAR), sparsely populated and landlocked in the heart of the continent, is one of the poorest and most fragile countries in the world despite its wealth in natural resources. The socio-economic and health impacts of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) will put additional strain on an already fragile system. CAR is at a critical inflection point, following the signature of an ambitious Peace Accord – with a subsequent sharp decline in violence - and ahead of a double electoral cycle 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875821 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34466 Volltext, Open Access

1759732850

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732850 OCoLC 1255604572 WBOKR 34465 EBP 064525066 KEP 064525066 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34465 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kenya Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Africa Kenya s ETHNIC RELATIONS s GENDER s GROWTH EXPERIENCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s JOB CREATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY TREND s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL COHESION English This World Bank Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) provides an analytical foundation for identifying country-level actions and investments that would increase growth and boost shared prosperity in Kenya. It aims to be an objective diagnostic that analyzes and prioritizes binding constraints on development, based on government and external sources as well as consultations with local stakeholders. The conceptual framework adopted for this SCD is organized around two main strategies: (1) higher aggregate output and productivity growth and (2) greater equity and inclusiveness. Constraints limiting advancement in these two key thematic areas are identified using the latest available data. The document then outlines three main pathways to accelerate the attainment of the World Bank’s “twin goals” of ending extreme poverty and promoting shared prosperity. Using filtering criteria and with attention to foundational issues that cut across all sectors, this SCD proposes specific priorities for development initiatives in Kenya 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987583X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34465 Volltext, Open Access

1759732869

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732869 OCoLC 1255604613 WBOKR 34274 EBP 064525058 KEP 064525058 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34274 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Union of Comoros for the Period of FY20-FY24 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Africa Comoros East Africa s CORONAVIRUS s COVID-19 s CRISIS MANAGEMENT s ECONOMIC RECOVERY s HUMAN CAPITAL s IFC PORTFOLIO s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s NATURAL RESOURCES s PARTNERSHIP STRATEGY s RESULTS MATRIX s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY s WORLD BANK PORTFOLIO English The FY20-FY24 Country Partnership Framework for the Union of Comoros seeks to accompany the country in finding a sustainable growth path and building the resilience of its population against multidimensional shocks. The CPF will focus on building resilience, strengthening human capital and fostering inclusive growth, as well as addressing the urgent need arising from the impacts of COVID-19 and Cyclone Kenneth 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875848 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34274 Volltext, Open Access

1759732877

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732877 OCoLC 1255604640 WBOKR 34109 EBP 06452504X KEP 06452504X 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34109 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Rwanda for the Period of FY21-FY26 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Africa Rwanda s AGRICULTURE s CHILD HEALTH s CONSULTATION s FISCAL TRENDS s GENDER s IDA GRANTS s IFC DISBURSEMENTS s INEQUALITY s MATERNAL HEALTH s MIGA GUARANTEES s PANDEMIC IMPACT s POVERTY REDUCTION s TOURISM s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY s WORLD BANK PORTFOLIO English This Country Partnership Framework  (CPF) sets out the World Bank Group’s plans  for addressing the country’s development priorities as identified in the 2019 Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) and Rwanda’s  National  Strategy  for  Transformation as well  as  supporting  Rwanda’s response  to  the  COVID‐19  pandemic  to  recover  from  the  negative  public  health  and  socio‐economic impacts of the pandemic 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875856 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34109 Volltext, Open Access

1759732885

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732885 OCoLC 1255604620 WBOKR 34108 EBP 064525031 KEP 064525031 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34108 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Gabon Increasing Economic Diversification and Equalizing Opportunity to Accelerate Poverty Reduction World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Systematic Country Diagnostic Africa Gabon s AGRICULTURE s BUDGET EXECUTION s CLIMATE CHANGE s DIVERSIFICATION s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL SPACE s FISHERIES s HUMAN CAPITAL s INEQUALITY s JOB CREATION s POLICY PLANNING s POVERTY REDUCTION s RESILIENCE s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL INCLUSION s SOCIAL VULNERABILITY English This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) analyzes the economic and social context of Gabon and what it can do today to end extreme poverty and enhance shared prosperity. It also identifies priority routes to faster progress. Two critical pathways to sustained inclusive growth and shared prosperity have been identified in this SCD: • Economic diversification is crucial to revamp growth, increase productivity, and build resilience to volatility in commodity markets. • Equalizing opportunities and enhancing human capabilities can broaden access for all Gabonese to public services and better job opportunities and build productivity, competitiveness, and inclusive growth 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875864 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34108 Volltext, Open Access

1759732893

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732893 OCoLC 1255604641 WBOKR 34107 EBP 064525023 KEP 064525023 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34107 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Indonesia Systematic Country Diagnostic Update World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Indonesia s COMPETITIVENESS s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s INFRASTRUCTURE s KNOWLEDGE GAP s NATURAL ASSETS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM s RESILIENCE s SHARED PROSPERITY English Since Indonesia’s first Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) in 2015, the economy has grown steadily, poverty has declined to an all-time low and incomes of the bottom 40 percent have climbed. This SCD Update identifies four pathways leading to shared prosperity via higher productivity and better jobs, equal opportunities and greater resilience. Indonesia has made some progress in reforms along each of these pathways, but many challenges remain to be addressed. The four pathways not only remain highly relevant in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic but accelerating progress has become even more urgent 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875872 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34107 Volltext, Open Access

1759732907

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732907 OCoLC 1255604621 WBOKR 33871 EBP 064525015 KEP 064525015 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33871 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Sierra Leone for the Period FY21 - FY26 International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Africa Sierra Leone s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s DONOR COORDINATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s IDA LENDING s IFC PORTFOLIO s MIGA GUARANTEES s PROCUREMENT s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English Sierra Leone has an advantageous geography and abundant mineral, agricultural and blue resources, yet the country’s per capita gross domestic product (GDP) is almost the same as it was after independence. This CPF is highly selective and opportunistic, focusing on putting the fundamentals in place, with a strong emphasis on critical development accelerators that touch the lives of every Sierra Leonean: human capital, energy and technology 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875880 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33871 Volltext, Open Access

1759732915

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732915 OCoLC 1255604635 WBOKR 33870 EBP 064525007 KEP 064525007 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33870 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bosnia and Herzegovina Systematic Country Diagnostic Update World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe and Central Asia s DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EU ACCESSION s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s JOB CREATION s NATURAL ASSETS s PHYSICAL CAPITAL s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s PUBLIC FINANCE s SHARED PROSPERITY s STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION English The citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) aspire to a future of rising living standards. Every year, thousands of people emigrate seeking a better quality of life. The country cannot afford to continue losing its people, and creating the incentives for people to stay will require meeting their wish for a better quality of life for themselves and their families. This is achievable, but it requires decisive action by all stakeholders to address identified challenges. This update develops earlier findings and priorities, reviews progress, and employs new data and analyses. It is structured in four sections. Section I describes BiH’s current situation, focusing on cross-cutting, foundational themes and distinct characteristics that could shape development outcomes. Section II describes current economic trends and key outcomes. Section III considers development constraints and how they can be overcome with respect to private sector–led growth, physical capital, human capital, and natural assets and their management. Section IV offers an updated set of priorities developed in consultation with other stakeholders to chart a path for strong, lasting, inclusive growth 40 17-11-21 00:19:24.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875899 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33870 Volltext, Open Access

1759732923

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732923 OCoLC 1255604415 WBOKR 33811 EBP 06452499X KEP 06452499X 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33811 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Myanmar Country Partnership Framework for the Period of FY20-FY23 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Myanmar s DONOR COORDINATION s GENDER ACTION PLAN s IDA GRANTS s IFC DISBURSEMENTS s MIGA GUARANTEES s POVERTY s SHARED PROSPERITY s WORLD BANK GROUP PORTFOLIO s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English This Country Partnership Framework (CPF), which covers FY20–FY23, seeks to accompany Myanmar through a challenging and complex transition at a time when the COVID-19 pandemic is creating unprecedented uncertainty and vulnerability globally. This CPF reflects the WBG’s commitment to maintain engagement in Myanmar’s historic economic transition, but with a greater focus on inclusion, including in conflict-affected areas. The CPF program is selectively, but flexibly, defined and sequenced to leverage the WBG’s comparative advantage and optimize the impact of WBG engagement on inclusive development outcomes for Myanmar 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875902 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33811 Volltext, Open Access

1759732931

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732931 OCoLC 1255604668 WBOKR 33810 EBP 064524981 KEP 064524981 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33810 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of The Gambia Overcoming a No-Growth Legacy World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Systematic Country Diagnostic Africa Gambia, The s ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCOUNTABILITY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE s CONNECTIVITY s CORPORATE GOVERNANCE s DIGITAL ECONOMY s EDUCATION s FISCAL TRENDS s FRAGILITY s GOVERNANCE s HEALTH s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INEQUALITY s LABOR MARKET s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s SOCIAL INCLUSION s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s TRANSPARENCY English This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) takes stock of The Gambia’s development trends and reflects on constraints and opportunities going forward. It explores four fundamental questions: What explains low and volatile growth rates, and which bottlenecks need to be addressed? What are the challenges to inclusion? What are the constraints to fiscal, social, and environmental sustainability? And finally, what policy areas will have the greatest potential to reduce poverty and foster sustained inclusive growth? 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875910 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33810 Volltext, Open Access

175973294X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973294X OCoLC 1255604675 WBOKR 33735 EBP 064524973 KEP 064524973 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33735 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Albania Systematic Country Diagnostic 2019 Update World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Albania Europe and Central Asia s CENTRAL EUROPEAN FREE TRADE AREA s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s CONNECTIVITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INCLUSION s EUROPEAN UNION s GLOBALIZATION s INTEGRATION s JOB CREATION s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s SOCIAL INCLUSION s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s WESTERN BALKANS English Since the first Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) was prepared in 2015, Albania has stabilized its macro-fiscal situation and improved GDP growth. The SCD Update aims to identify Albania’s binding constraints for faster progress against the current political backdrop and on-going trends. The Update organizes the analysis around three Strategic Objectives and identifies corresponding priority policy areas to achieve sustained progress 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875929 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33735 Volltext, Open Access

1759732958

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732958 OCoLC 1255604421 WBOKR 33736 EBP 064524965 KEP 064524965 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33736 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Serbia Systematic Country Diagnostic Update World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Serbia s ACCESS TO FINANCE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE ACTION s CORRUPTION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s POLICY COORDINATION s PROSPERITY s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s RISKS s TRANSPARENCY English The Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) examines the key constraints and opportunities to sustainably accelerate poverty reduction and boost shared prosperity. This SCD Update provides an update to the first comprehensive SCD published in 2015, titled “Serbia’s Potential for Sustainable Growth and Shared Prosperity.” The SCD Update reflects new important economic developments, includes an updated analysis of key constraints (informed by new data and recent developments), and updates the country’s priorities. It focuses on the goals of sustained poverty reduction and shared prosperity and builds on available data and recent evidence, including the World Bank’s Country Economic Memorandum “Serbia’s New Growth Agenda: Forging a New Future” (2019) and other analytical reports 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875937 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33736 Volltext, Open Access

1759732966

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732966 OCoLC 1255604551 WBOKR 33439 EBP 064524957 KEP 064524957 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33439 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Senegal for the Period FY20-FY24 International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Africa Senegal s CLIMATE CHANGE s DIGITAL ECONOMY s EDUCATION s GENDER s GOVERNMENT PROGRAM s IDA PORTFOLIO s IFC PORTFOLIO s MIGA GUARANTEES s OIL AND GAS REVENUE s PARTNERSHIP FRAMEWORK s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s WORLD BANK GROUP PORTFOLIO s WORLD BANK GROUP PROGRAM s WORLD BANK STRATEGY English This five-year Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Senegal lays out the World Bank Group (WBG) program for the FY20–FY24 period, which aims to support the country in its path towards achieving middle-income status by 2035 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875945 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33439 Volltext, Open Access

1759732974

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732974 OCoLC 1255604552 WBOKR 33438 EBP 064524949 KEP 064524949 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33438 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Kazakhstan for the Period 2020-2025 International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Kazakhstan 2019 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT s GENDER s GOVERNMENT PROGRAM s IFC PORTFOLIO s PARTNERSHIP STRATEGY s PUBLIC CONSULTATION s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY s WORLD BANK PORTFOLIO English Past economic success notwithstanding, this Country Partnership Framework (CPF) comes at a time when Kazakhstan faces growing challenges. Institutional and governance reforms have been identified by the Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) as the main constraint to achieving Kazakhstan's development goals. This CPF incorporates shifts in the World Bank Group (WBG) program that are intended to directly support Kazakhstan's development objectives and assist it in IBRD graduation. The CPF will also involve a high degree of selectivity to ensure that its programming is consistent with the WBG's value proposition to upper-middle-income countries as well as the IBRD graduation policy 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875953 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33438 Volltext, Open Access

1759732982

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732982 OCoLC 1255604643 WBOKR 33286 EBP 064524922 KEP 064524922 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33286 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Bhutan Systematic Country Diagnostic Taking Bhutan’s Development Success to the Next Level World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2020 1 Online-Ressource Bhutan South Asia s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT s ENERGY SECTOR REFORM s EQUITABLE GROWTH s HUMAN CAPITAL s HYDROPOWER s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s PHYSICAL CAPITAL s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s SERVICE DELIVERY s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s YOUTH EMPLOYMENT English Bhutan is a small, landlocked country deep in the eastern Himalayas between India and China. Over a horizontal distance of just 100-150 km, the elevation rises from about 150 meters above sea level in the south to over 7,000 meters in the north. The population of about 735,0001 is scattered across steep mountain slopes and valleys, many in remote and far-flung hamlets. This makes Bhutan one of the most sparsely populated countries in the world, ranked 182 out of 215 countries. Nearly half the land area is protected to help preserve biodiversity. With forest coverage exceeding 70 percent, Bhutan is the only carbon-negative country in the world, absorbing more greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) than it produces, and not counting the carbon that its hydropower exports displace in India. Bhutan started opening up to the outside world only in the early 2000s, but its political and economic ties are still mainly with India. Despite sharing a long border with China in the north, the formal relationship is limited. Bhutan’s independence throughout its history has helped preserve its rich cultural heritage and traditions. As its development policies demonstrate, Bhutan strives to be self-sufficient and to conserve its environment and culture. Bhutan’s unique development philosophy, GNH, guides its development plans, emphasizing a holistic and inclusive approach to sustainable development. The four pillars of GNH are (a) good governance, (b) sustainable socioeconomic development, (c) preservation and promotion of culture, and (d) conserving the environment. Since 2008, Bhutan has had a development management system guided by the Constitution, with development strategies and annual budgets driven by GHN principles. The GNH Index and the GNH Policy Screening Tool are its main instruments for operationalizing GNH into the formulation of development policies. The GNH Index measures Bhutan’s progress toward maximizing GNH; the GNH Policy Screening Tool assesses how a new policy will affect GNH. Many of Bhutan’s development achievements can be attributed to this unique development framework, which has been supported by continued efforts to ensure good governance 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875961 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33286 Volltext, Open Access

1759732990

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:48.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759732990 OCoLC 1255604427 WBOKR 33049 EBP 064524914 KEP 064524914 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33049 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Kazakhstan for the Period FY20-25 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s ENGAGEMENT s GENDER s PARTNERSHIP FRAMEWORK s RESULTS FRAMEWORK s WORLD BANK GROUP OPERATIONS s WORLD BANK GROUP PORTFOLIO s WORLD BANK GROUP PROGRAM s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English 2019 was a year of political transition and conditions are in place for continuing stability in the country. Economic and financial crises in 2008 and 2014–16 have shown Kazakhstan’s vulnerability to external shocks and altered its very strong growth path. This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) comes at a time when Kazakhstan faces growing challenges. Institutional and governance reforms have been identified by the Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) as the main constraint to achieving Kazakhstan’s development goals. This CPF incorporates shifts in the World Bank Group (WBG) program that are intended to directly support Kazakhstan’s development objectives and assist it in IBRD graduation 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987597X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33049 Volltext, Open Access

1759733008

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733008 OCoLC 1255604671 WBOKR 33050 EBP 064524906 KEP 064524906 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33050 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Congo for the Period FY20-FY24 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Africa Congo, Republic of s DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s GENDER s HUMAN CAPITAL s IDA ALLOCATION s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s PARTNERSHIP FRAMEWORK s POVERTY s PUBLIC SECTOR GOVERNANCE s RESULTS FRAMEWORK s SAFETY NETS s SOCIAL INCLUSION s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s WORLD BANK GROUP PORTFOLIO s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English The Republic of Congo, which joined the ranks of lower middle-income countries on the back of strong oil revenues for more than a decade, has yet to fully leverage its natural resource endowments to achieve robust and sustainable development outcomes. Congo is now resource-constrained at a time when it needs to respond to demands from a growing, increasingly youthful population. Despite its abundant natural resources, Congo remains a fragile and conflict-affected country. This CPF will be organized around two Focus Areas: (i) Strengthening Economic Management to Create an Improved Investment Climate for Private Sector-Led Growth; and (ii) Building Human Capital and Enhancing Resilience for Social Inclusion and Sustainable Growth 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875988 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33050 Volltext, Open Access

1759733016

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733016 OCoLC 1255604592 WBOKR 33048 EBP 064524892 KEP 064524892 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33048 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the People's Republic of China for the Period FY2020-2025 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s CLIMATE CHANGE s DEVELOPMENT s ENGAGEMENT s FISCAL REFORM s GREEN GROWTH s GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS s KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER s MARKET REFORM s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM s SHARED PROSPERITY s WORLD BANK GROUP PORTFOLIO s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY s WORLD BANK LENDING English Following four decades of high growth and poverty reduction, China has entered a new stage of development. Governance and institutional reforms are at the core of addressing China’s remaining development challenges. The China-World Bank Group (WBG) relationship, which will complete 40 years in 2020, is also entering a new phase. To implement this approach, new WBG financing will be subject to selectivity criteria, and IBRD financing will gradually decline. IFC will apply a rigorous additionality assessment to its program. This Country Partnership Framework will focus on three areas of engagement: advancing market and fiscal reforms; promoting greener growth; and sharing the benefits of growth. Cooperating on global knowledge and development is a cross-cutting theme 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939875996 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33048 Volltext, Open Access

1759733024

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733024 OCoLC 1255604672 WBOKR 32790 EBP 064524884 KEP 064524884 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32790 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste for the Period FY2020 - FY2024 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Timor-Leste s CLIMATE CHANGE s FRAGILITY s GENDER s HUMAN CAPITAL s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English The Country Partnership Framework (CPF) outlines the principles underlying the World Bank Group’s engagement with Timor-Leste from FY2020 to FY2024. The CPF responds to Timor-Leste’s strategic directions and its timeframe coincides with the expected tenure of the current parliament and government - the VIII Constitutional Government – and its Five-Year Implementation Plan (2018-2023) that supports Timor-Leste’s Strategic Development Plan (SDP) 2011-2030. The CPF covers three focus areas: (i) strengthen the foundation for private sector-led growth and economic stability; (ii) invest in human capital, service delivery and promote gender equity; (iii) raise productivity through investments in connective infrastructure; and a cross-cutting theme on governance, focusing on strengthening institutional and implementation capacity in government 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876003 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32790 Volltext, Open Access

1759733032

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733032 OCoLC 1255604683 WBOKR 32647 EBP 064524876 KEP 064524876 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32647 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Cabo Verde for the Period FY20-25 International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Africa Cape Verde s DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES s EDUCATION REFORM s IFC PORTFOLIO s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s PARTNERSHIP FRAMEWORK s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIORITIES s RISKS s WORLD BANK GROUP PORTFOLIO s WORLD BANK GROUP PROGRAM s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English Propelled by almost 20 years of sustained growth, Cabo Verde achieved low middle-income country (MIC) status in 2007, one of the first African countries to do so. The impact of the 2008 crisis on Cabo Verde’s growth trajectory was heightened by the country’s undiversified economy. Since 2016, the resumption of growth, combined with fiscal consolidation efforts, have helped to strengthen public sector finances. In response to these challenges, the Government launched an ambitious development strategy for 2017-2021, the Strategic Plan for Sustainable Development. The FY20-25 Country Partnership Framework (CPF) will support the Government’s strategy through highly selective interventions 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876011 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32647 Volltext, Open Access

1759733040

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733040 OCoLC 1255604530 WBOKR 32646 EBP 064524868 KEP 064524868 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32646 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Systematic Country Diagnostic of the Philippines Realizing the Filipino Dream for 2040 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Philippines s ACCOUNTABILITY s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s CONFLICT s CORRUPTION s DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT s EDUCATION s ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION s GOVERNANCE s HEALTH s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INFRASTRUCTURE s JOB CREATION s LABOR MARKET s NATURAL RESOURCES s RULE OF LAW s SOCIAL PROTECTION English This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) identifies a four-part diagnosis of the constraints to the Philippines achieving its Ambisyon Natin 2040 goals. First, the country can enact policies that maintain its high rates of growth but also make that growth more inclusive and generate good jobs. Second, investments in human capital can ensure that Filipinos can lead healthy lives and have the skills for those jobs. Third, the Philippines can build its resilience to natural disasters and the looming climate crisis, while continuing to build peace in Mindanao. The common thread across all these challenges is the need for follow-through and implementation, which points to governance as the core cross-cutting challenge. The SCD addresses these thematic areas—inclusive growth and jobs, human capital, resilience, and governance—in turn 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987602X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32646 Volltext, Open Access

1759733059

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733059 OCoLC 1255604636 WBOKR 32114 EBP 06452485X KEP 06452485X 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32114 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for Burundi for the Period FY19-FY23 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Africa Burundi s DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES s DONOR COORDINATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s FRAGILITY s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INEQUALITY s MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s RISK MANAGEMENT s SOCIAL RESILIENCE s STRUCTURAL REFORMS s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) builds on lessons drawn from current engagements and recognition of the operating and reputational risks of the fragile political context. The CPF is fully aligned with WBG Strategy for Africa that aims to create sustainable and inclusive growth, strengthen human capital and build resilience to fragility and climate change. The outcome is a further shift in the Bank’s engagement toward a more citizen-centered and inclusive approach, with a focus on human development outcomes especially for the most vulnerable; building economic and social resilience; and an approach adapted to a dynamic context. The CPF expects to achieve key results by 2023 across two Focus Areas: (i) Building Human Capital and Inclusion, and (ii) Strengthening Foundations for Economic and Social Resilience 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876038 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32114 Volltext, Open Access

1759733067

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733067 OCoLC 1255604673 WBOKR 32113 EBP 064524841 KEP 064524841 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32113 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Rwanda Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Africa Rwanda s CLIMATE CHANGE s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s GENOCIDE s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s INEQUALITY s INVESTMENT s OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PRODUCTIVITY s STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT English This Systematic Country Diagnostic analysis of growth, structural transformation, poverty reduction, and inclusion suggest that Rwanda will need to target the following outcomes to maintain rapid progress toward poverty reduction and shared prosperity: • a shift to a productivity-led growth through structural transformation, supported by increased agricultural productivity, agglomeration, and rural-to-urban transition; • an increase in the growth elasticity of poverty for inclusive growth by investing in human capital, promoting private entrepreneurship, improving accountability for service delivery, and addressing vulnerability; • increased sustainability through addressing environmental degradation, building resilience to climate change, and maintaining debt sustainability 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876046 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32113 Volltext, Open Access

1759733075

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733075 OCoLC 1255604391 WBOKR 32112 EBP 064524833 KEP 064524833 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32112 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Central African Republic Priorities for Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Systematic Country Diagnostic Africa Central African Republic s BINDING CONSTRAINTS s CONFLICT-AFFECTED STATES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMPLOYMENT s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s JOB CREATION s POLITICAL TENSIONS s POVERTY s POVERTY REDUCTION s SECURITY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SPATIAL DISPARITY English This Systematic Country Diagnostic is the result of a diagnostic exercise conducted by World Bank staff. It was prepared to inform the strategic dialogue between the Government of the Central African Republic (CAR) and the World Bank about priority areas for World Bank Group engagement. This Systematic Country Diagnostic aims to identify key elements to help the country embark on a path of growth and sustainable poverty reduction and to end the cycle of conflict. The analysis was guided by three questions: (a) How can development initiatives contribute to stabilization and a peaceful resolution of the conflict? (b) How does one deliver public services in a country where state presence is limited? (c) Which investments are critical to kick-starting a process of growth, taking into account regional/geographic variation, low population density, and limited urbanization? 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876054 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/32112 Volltext, Open Access

1759733083

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733083 OCoLC 1255604392 WBOKR 31899 EBP 064524825 KEP 064524825 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31899 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Ecuador for the Period of the FY19-FY23 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Ecuador Latin America & Caribbean s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s DONOR COORDINATION s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s GOVERNANCE s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION s MULTILATERAL INVESTMENT GUARANTEE AGENCY s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s WORLD BANK PORTFOLIO English The Country Partnership F ... 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876062 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31899 Volltext, Open Access

1759733091

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733091 OCoLC 1255604393 WBOKR 31789 EBP 064524817 KEP 064524817 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31789 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for Kingdom of Cambodia for the Period of FY2019-2023 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Cambodia East Asia and Pacific s DONOR COORDINATION s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s GENDER s IFC PORTFOLIO s POVERTY s SHARED PROSPERITY s STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY s WORLD BANK PORTFOLIO English Cambodia has undergone a significant economic transition, reaching lower middle-income country status in 2015, and now is poised to enter a new stage of development. The World Bank Group’s relationship with Cambodia has matured significantly since the implementation of the FY16-17 Country Engagement Note. The WBG Country Partnership Framework for FY19-23 supports Cambodia’s progression to the next stage of its development and reflects the evolution of the WBG’s engagement in the country 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876070 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31789 Volltext, Open Access

1759733105

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733105 OCoLC 1255604527 WBOKR 31788 EBP 064524809 KEP 064524809 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31788 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Independent State of Papua New Guinea for the Period FY19-FY23 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Papua New Guinea s CONFLICT-AFFECTED STATES s DONOR COORDINATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s FRAGILITY s IFC PORTFOLIO s INEQUALITY s POVERTY s RISK MANAGEMENT s SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY s WORLD BANK PORTFOLIO English Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a richly diverse society undergoing intense economic and social transformation. With more than eight hundred different languages spoken among a population of over eight million people, divided into more than one thousand ethnic clans, PNG is the most heterogenous country in the world. The World Bank Group’s (WBG’s) country partnership framework (CPF) for the Independent State of Papua New Guinea for FY19–FY23 is anchored in the government’s Vision 2050, the PNG development strategic plan 2010–2030, and the third medium-term development plan for 2018–2022 (MTDPIII). To support the government in achieving the twin goals, the CPF envisages supporting the government of PNG in pursuing sustainable and inclusive growth and building resilience to shocks across three strategic focus areas: (i) improving macro and fiscal resilience; (ii) ensuring more effective and inclusive service delivery, particularly in underserved areas; and (iii) enabling private sector development and inclusive growth in non-resource sectors. Addressing governance and institutional challenges will be a cross-cutting theme to the program. Close collaboration between the World Bank, the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) will be emphasized, with a particular focus on strengthening the business environment and job creation in PNG 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876089 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31788 Volltext, Open Access

1759733113

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733113 OCoLC 1255604676 WBOKR 31787 EBP 064524795 KEP 064524795 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31787 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Towards a More United and Prosperous Union of Comoros Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Africa Comoros s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENVIRONMENT s INEQUALITY s MACROECONOMIC CONTEXT s MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS s POVERTY REDUCTION s RISKS s SHARED PROSPERITY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOURISM English This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) – the first for the country - takes stock of Comoros’ development progress since the early 2000s and reflects on the constraints and opportunities that the country encounters on that path. The report provides elements to answer three main questions: (1) What are the main constraints hampering output and productivity growth? (2) What are the critical factors that determine poverty reduction and inclusion? and (3) How sustainable are the current trends in growth and inclusion? As the SCD investigates these questions it identifies three main pathways which if followed could accelerate progress towards the World Bank’s twin goals of poverty reduction and shared prosperity 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876097 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31787 Volltext, Open Access

1759733121

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733121 OCoLC 1255604609 WBOKR 31734 EBP 064524787 KEP 064524787 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31734 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Tajikistan for the Period of FY19-FY23 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s DONOR COORDINATION s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FRAGILITY s GENDER s MIGRATION s POVERTY s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s RISKS s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s STATISTICAL CAPACITY BUILDING s WORLD BANK GROUP PORTFOLIO English This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) provides the main elements of the cooperation between the Republic of Tajikistan and the World Bank Group during the five years spanning FY19–23. The CPF builds on the Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) of FY15–18, and incorporates the Implementation Note (IN) for the IDA18 Risk Mitigation Regime (RMR). The overarching goal of the CPF is to support Tajikistan in adopting policies geared towards reducing poverty and promoting shared prosperity in a sustainable manner. To this end, the CPF is aligned with the National Development Strategy (NDS) and the Medium-Term Development Program (2016-20) of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan. CPF priorities have been informed by consultations with key stakeholders.This CPF has been developed at a critical time for Tajikistan, with several external changes having opened a window of opportunity; taking advantage of these would substantially enhance the country’s growth trajectory and increase resilience. Changes include the recent opening of borders with China and Uzbekistan during 2016–17 and increased trade with Afghanistan, reversing more than a century of adverse historic developments. These developments have reopened nearby export markets and reduced the costs of trading with new markets. To succeed in this potentially transformative move towards an economy integrated with neighbors and wider markets, Tajikistan will need to address principal structural, macroeconomic, and environmental legacy issues. Going forward, fiscal constraints, persisting inequalities, and a deceleration in poverty reduction call for an urgent upgrade of policies. Adopting policies that ensure opportunity for all, allow for more openness and accountability, protect the poor, and address inequalities will reduce fragility, increase resilience, and improve citizens’ standard of living 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876100 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31734 Volltext, Open Access

175973313X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973313X OCoLC 1255604590 WBOKR 31677 EBP 064524779 KEP 064524779 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31677 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Croatia for the Period of FY19-FY24 International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Croatia Europe and Central Asia s CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT s DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES s DONOR COORDINATION s GENDER s IFC PORTFOLIO s POVERTY s PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS s SHARED PROSPERITY s STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT s WORLD BANK GROUP OPERATIONS s WORLD BANK GROUP PORTFOLIO s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English Croatia is a small, open economy and the latest entrant to the European Union. After being severely affected by the global financial crisis, Croatia’s economy is recovering, with growth averaging around three percent over the last four years. The over-arching objective of the WBG Country Partnership Framework (CPF) is to play a catalytic role in supporting institutional improvements needed for a sustainable trajectory towards EU convergence and eventual IBRD graduation. This CPF would support interventions to address Croatia’s climate vulnerabilities and protect its natural environment. This would be achieved primarily through ongoing and prospective advisory services, but also through potential WBG investments, including from IFC, and potentially from MIGA guarantees. The CPF will cover a five-year period (FY19-24) with one Progress and Learning Review (PLR). This approach includes a relatively narrow results framework that builds primarily on the ongoing portfolio and the nature of RAS-financed engagements. The PLR would provide an update on key areas of institutional weakness, including to measure progress against EU peers where benchmarks are available. While the WBG may contribute only modestly to these outcomes, it expects to play a catalytic role, and monitoring outcome indicators which are comparable across the EU will be particularly important to track progress in the areas on the critical path to accelerate convergence 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876119 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31677 Volltext, Open Access

1759733148

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733148 OCoLC 1255604648 WBOKR 31587 EBP 064524760 KEP 064524760 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31587 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Argentine Republic for the Period FY19-FY22 International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Argentina Latin America & Caribbean s CLIMATE CHANGE s CORRUPTION s DEBT s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES s FINANCE s FISCAL TRENDS s GOVERNANCE s IFC PORTFOLIO s INEQUALITY s INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY s MIGA PORTFOLIO s POVERTY s SERVICE DELIVERY s STRUCTURAL REFORM s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY s WORLD BANK PORTFOLIO English This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) outlines how the World Bank Group (WBG) will accompany Argentina’s path to reduce macroeconomic instability while setting the stage for poverty reduction through private sector led growth. The objectives selected for the CPF are closely linked to the priorities identified in the recent Argentina Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD), which analyses key constraints to inclusive and sustainable growth and poverty reduction and suggests ways to address them. They also reflect the fact that Argentina’s Gross National Income (GNI) per capita is above the Graduation Discussion Income, and that WBG’s new financing will be focused to support the country’s sustainable graduation path from IBRD. At the same time, the Government has expressed a preference to retain, in principle, access to the entire range of WBG instruments. This CPF covers the four-year period FY19-FY22. As Argentina’s presidential and legislative elections are to be held in October 2019, the Progress and Learning Review (PLR) will provide an opportunity to assess progress of reforms, revisit priorities, and reflect changes to the CPF program as needed 40 17-11-21 00:19:25.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876127 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31587 Volltext, Open Access

1759733156

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733156 OCoLC 1255604649 WBOKR 31586 EBP 064524752 KEP 064524752 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31586 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of North Macedonia for the Period of January 2019-June 2023 International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia North Macedonia (Formerly the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) s CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s DONOR COORDINATION s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s GENDER s IFC PORTFOLIO s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s MIGA PORTFOLIO s PARTNERSHIP s POVERTY s RESILIENCE s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY s WORLD BANK PORTFOLIO English This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) sets out the World Bank Group’s approach to supporting the reform agenda in North Macedonia over January 2019–June 2023. The CPF builds on the results and lessons of the previous World Bank Group Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) that originally covered the period from July 2014 to June 2018 and was subsequently extended by six months to December 2018. The new CPF seeks to address the priorities identified by the recently completed Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) for North Macedonia. The strategic objective of the CPF is to support North Macedonia’s ability to achieve faster, inclusive, and sustainable growth and provide its citizens with greater opportunities for a better life. The CPF aims to support the Government’s program and medium-term strategy, which present a vision of accelerated economic growth with better employment opportunities, social cohesion and inclusion, and a plan to tackle the persistent bottlenecks. The Government strategy is consistent with the SCD’s vision of a better-connected, vibrant domestic economy engaged in the region and beyond as it secures its footing in areas of strong comparative advantage 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876135 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31586 Volltext, Open Access

1759733164

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733164 OCoLC 1255604650 WBOKR 31444 EBP 064524744 KEP 064524744 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31444 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Armenia for the Period FY19-FY23 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Armenia Europe and Central Asia s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMPETITIVENESS s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EQUITY s EXPORTS s GENDER s HUMAN CAPITAL s NATURAL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s POVERTY s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT English The country partnership framework (CPF) for FY19-FY23 outlines a program of support to the Government of Armenia’s vision for a just, inclusive, and citizen-centric Armenia. The World Bank Group (WBG) strategy will capitalize on the new momentum for deeper reforms and commitment to good governance brought about by recent political changes in Armenia to support a rebalancing of the economy toward a new growth model. The CPF presents to focus on: (i) boosting export enablers and firm competitiveness; (ii) enhancing human capital and equity; and (iii) sustainably managing environmental and natural resources. The CPF will seek opportunities under each focus area to incorporate key elements of good governance and inclusion: public accountability and transparency, citizen engagement, gender equity, spatial equity, and digital connectivity. The CPF focus areas were informed by extensive stakeholder consultations with the government, development partners, the private sector, and civil society; by the development challenges and opportunities highlighted in the government program and the WBG’s systematic country diagnostic (SCD) for Armenia 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876143 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31444 Volltext, Open Access

1759733172

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733172 OCoLC 1255602819 WBOKR 31443 EBP 064524736 KEP 064524736 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31443 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Angola Systematic Country Diagnostic Creating Assets for the Poor World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Angola s CIVIC ENGAGEMENT s CIVIL SOCIETY s DIVERSIFICATION s EDUCATION s EQUITY s FISCAL TRENDS s GENDER s GOVERNANCE s HEALTH s HUMAN CAPITAL s LAND RIGHTS s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s POVERTY s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s RURAL POVERTY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SOCIAL CONTRACT English Angola is endowed with significant natural wealth, but it will need to better manage these resources and reinvest them into other forms of capital to establish a sustainable development path. Before independence, the country was a relatively advanced economy with diverse exports, although its population suffered under exploitative colonial rule. Decades of conflict, during the fight for independence and the civil war that followed, exacted a heavy toll on the population, infrastructure, and the economy. The end of the war in 2002 and a booming oil industry resulted in strong economic growth, but the poor saw very little benefit from this economic prosperity. The dependence on oil exports has created macroeconomic instability, and Angola has suffered periods of fiscal contraction due to fluctuations in commodity prices. Although the country has enjoyed strong gross domestic product (GDP) growth, this has been achieved by depleting natural capital for consumption, rather than reinvestment in other types of capital to generate sustainable growth. The recent change in leadership represents a window of opportunity for political and economic reform that will allow Angola to put itself on a path toward sustainable development.The Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) for Angola identifies pathways and priorities to eradicate poverty and boost shared prosperity by 2030. After providing the historical context of Angola, the SCD applies the concept of the “Changing Wealth of Nations” and identifies four binding constraints for Angola to reach the World Bank’s twin goals. Oil dependency in conjunction with a low global oil price creates macroeconomic and fiscal imbalances, constraining sustainable growth and poverty reduction in Angola. A weak private sector is unable to provide a sustained growth momentum, further constraining growth and poverty reduction. The poor remain excluded from growth, limiting realized growth, but more importantly, manifesting high poverty levels. Finally, weak governance is a cross-sectoral binding constraint contributing to unsatisfactory policy outcomes. The SCD ranks areas of intervention for each binding constraint and selects the top 10 priorities to overcome the binding constraints. With a new government in place, Angola is at a critical juncture to pursue a sustainable development path to reach poverty eradication and shared prosperity 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876151 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31443 Volltext, Open Access

1759733180

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733180 OCoLC 1255604553 WBOKR 31318 EBP 064524728 KEP 064524728 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31318 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Kingdom of Morocco for the Period of FY19-FY24 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2019 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Morocco s CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT s DIGITAL ECONOMY s DONOR COORDINATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMPOWERMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s GENDER s GOVERNANCE s GOVERNMENT PROGRAM s HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT s INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT s INEQUALITY s JOB CREATION s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PROCUREMENT s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s RISK MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Morocco for the period FY2019-24 has the overarching goal of contributing to social cohesion by improving the conditions for growth and job creation and reducing social and territorial disparities. Prepared collaboratively by IBRD, IFC and MIGA, the CPF translates the recommendations of the SCD and the Country Private Sector Diagnostic (CPSD) into an integrated World Bank Group (WBG) engagement. The CPF is aligned with the objectives of the Government’s Program and Medium-Term Strategy 2017-21. It is also consistent with the third phase (2019-23) of the Government’s National Initiative for Human Development (INDH), which focuses on strengthening human capital through improved education, healthcare and social protection, and on enhancing youth economic inclusion. Opportunities for youth are at the center of the CPF.The CPF responds to Morocco’s ambition to successfully navigate this crucial point in its history. To achieve its objective of contributing to social cohesion and reducing social and territorial disparities, this CPF pursues three strategic focus areas: (A) Promoting Job Creation by the Private Sector; (B) Strengthening Human Capital; and (C) Promoting Inclusive and Resilient Territorial Development. Governance and Citizen Engagement are the foundational principles of the CPF, and Gender and Digital Technology are cross-cutting themes.Strong country ownership and demand are important determinants of the specific activities included in the CPF program. The first three years of the program have been defined jointly with the Government. The program supports the shift to a new development model, based on a scenario of deep and sustained structural reforms to increase productivity gains with special attention to innovation, market contestability and unleashing private sector potential.Under this scenario, Morocco would be able to maintain a relatively high rate of economic growth and economic convergence with more developed countries while preserving macroeconomic stability. The other two possible scenarios: voluntary growth-oriented policies without productivity-enhancing reforms or the pursuit of current macroeconomic and structural policies would respectively lead to large macroeconomic imbalances or a disappointing growth performance 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987616X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31318 Volltext, Open Access

1759733199

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733199 OCoLC 1255604532 WBOKR 31301 EBP 06452471X KEP 06452471X 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31301 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Economic Transformation in Djibouti Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Djibouti Middle East and North Africa s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s EXTERNAL TRADE s HUMAN CAPITAL s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s LABOR MARKET s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s PRIVATE SECTOR s PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY s STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION English The purpose of this Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) is to identify the most critical development constraints facing Djibouti and how to make growth more inclusive and sustainable while promoting shared prosperity. The findings and recommendations of the SCD are based on analytical work carried out by a World Bank Group team with expertise in macroeconomics and poverty analytics, human capital development and labor markets, infrastructure and private sector development, governance and climate change. The team also undertook consultations with the Government of Djibouti and representatives from civil society, private sector stakeholders and the donor community. The SCD provides analysis and recommendations for policies that the Government might pursue to reduce barriers to inclusive and sustainable growth and achieve its vision of becoming a modern economy and regional hub for trade and logistics, which can create jobs and raise living standards for Djiboutians 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876178 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31301 Volltext, Open Access

1759733202

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733202 OCoLC 1255604441 WBOKR 31226 EBP 064524701 KEP 064524701 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31226 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Paraguay for the Period FY19-FY23 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Paraguay s ACCOUNTABILITY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s HUMAN CAPITAL s INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION s MULTILATERAL INVESTMENT GUARANTEE AGENCY s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s OPERATIONS PORTFOLIO s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC SERVICES s RULE OF LAW s SHARED PROSPERITY s WORLD BANK GROUP OPERATIONS English This document lays out the rationale for, and principal elements of, the World Bank Group (WBG) Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Paraguay for FY19 to FY23. The proposed CPF is aligned with the core priorities of the new Paraguayan Administratio 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876186 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31226 Volltext, Open Access

1759733210

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733210 OCoLC 1255604554 WBOKR 31132 EBP 064524698 KEP 064524698 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31132 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for Zambia for the Period FY19 - FY23 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Zambia s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s JOB CREATION s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s PARTNERSHIP STRATEGY s POVERTY s PROCUREMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC SERVICES s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL LABOR s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL PROTECTION s WORLD BANK GROUP PORTFOLIO English This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) proposes to assist the Government's efforts to rekindle economic growth while following a more inclusive and sustainable path. Poverty in Zambia is severe compared to its peers, reflecting high inequality levels. The CPF program is organized around three focus areas: rural development, human capital investments, and improved public financial management 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876194 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31132 Volltext, Open Access

1759733229

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733229 OCoLC 1255604442 WBOKR 31131 EBP 06452468X KEP 06452468X 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31131 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Malawi Systematic Country Diagnostic Breaking the Cycle of Low Growth and Slow Poverty Reduction World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Malawi s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s CAPITAL MARKETS s CLIMATE CHANGE s DEMOGRAPHIC DIVIDEND s DEMOGRAPHICS s DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EXTREME POVERTY s GROWTH DRIVERS s JOB CREATION s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s POLITICAL CRISES s POVERTY REDUCTION s RESILIENCE s SHARED PROSPERITY s SHOCKS s STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION s VULNERABILITY English The Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) for Malawi provides the analytical foundation for country-level actions and investments to foster progress towards the World Bank Group (WBG) Twin Goals as well as the country’s national goals. The main purpose of the SCD is to identify the key challenges and opportunities that Malawi faces as it works towards eliminating extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity in a sustainable manner. The systematic and evidence-based analysis from the SCD will serve to inform a new Country Partnership Framework and help the WBG, Government and external partners to prioritize and align their strategies towards achieving the twin goals. Over past decades, Malawi’s development progress has been negatively affected by shocks, both climate-related shocks, and domestic political and governance shocks, which have collectively contributed to a slow pace of poverty reduction. Very little progress has been made in reducing poverty in rural areas, where most Malawians live. Weak governance and entrenched political clientelism have been obstacles to policy reform and the development of the country. This SCD takes a holistic approach to identify the drivers of previous poor growth performances, drawing on the history of Malawi, and proposes a set of priority areas to promote durable and inclusive growth. The SCD is divided into six parts. The first part gives an overview of the country context, while the second part traces out the trends in economic growth. The third part analyses poverty and shared prosperity in Malawi and their main drivers. The fourth part provides the main diagnostics, identifying the key constraints and pathways for Malawi to achieve the twin goals. The fifth part outlines the preliminary hypotheses for achieving the twin goals, while part six indicates knowledge gaps and areas for further research 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876208 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31131 Volltext, Open Access

1759733237

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:49.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733237 OCoLC 1255604601 WBOKR 31130 EBP 064524671 KEP 064524671 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31130 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Mexico Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Mexico s AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT s CAPITAL FLOWS s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s FORESTRY s GROWTH DYNAMICS s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSION s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s LEGAL INSTITUTIONS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL COHESION s SUSTAINABILITY s TAXATION s TRADE English The development process in Mexico has been partly framed by a set of defining characteristics as well as by significant economic reforms during recent decades. The country has established a strong track record of prudent macroeconomic policies. The Central Bank and the Ministry of Finance have delivered stable and sustainable monetary and fiscal policies, and garnered high credibility in international markets. Successive governments have implemented a broad set of reforms that have opened the economy to trade and liberalized domestic markets. In the social sectors, Mexico has led the way among emerging and developing economies in reshaping social protection, health care, and education policies. These reforms have helped transform the country over the last 30 years. Aside from reforms and policies that have improved outcomes, Mexico has, at least, three key defining characteristics: (1) a privileged geography, (2) abundant natural capital, and (3) a democracy that has allowed the emergence of more political parties over the last 20 years. These factors have each partly shaped the country’s development and delivered significant economic and social outcomes. Yet, the question remains: how can Mexico grow more rapidly and become more inclusive along its development path? These are the central issues covered in this systematic country diagnostic (SCD) 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876216 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31130 Volltext, Open Access

1759733245

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733245 OCoLC 1255604428 WBOKR 30977 EBP 064524663 KEP 064524663 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30977 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Thailand-World Bank Group Country Partnership Framework 2019-2022 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Bangkok 2018 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Thailand s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ENGAGEMENT s GENDER s POVERTY REDUCTION s SHARED PROSPERITY s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s SUSTAINABILITY s WORLD BANK GROUP OPERATIONS s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English The country partnership framework (CPF) for Thailand covers the period FY19-22. Guided by the Maximizing Financing for Development (MFD) principles, the CPF will bring to bear the full resources of the WBG to facilitate increased private sector-led development. To this end, the CPF will aim to create markets and increase private sector investment. To help create markets, the WBG will promote competition and innovation, and help open new markets by supporting improvements in Thailand’s business environment. Supporting the development of a stronger enabling environment will help increase private sector investment. Strengthening of fiscal institutions will also help create a more conducive national business environment that crowds in greater commercial financing and maximizes the impact of scarce public resources. The CPF will also support targeted policies and programs for the inclusion of disadvantaged and vulnerable groups, including in the fragile, conflict affected areas of Southern Thailand. The overarching goal of the CPF is to support Thailand’s transformation towards an innovative, inclusive and sustainable economy, which is aligned to the country’s first 20-Year National Strategy (2017-2036), the Royal Thai Government’s 12th NESDP (NESDP 12) as well as the WBG Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) – Getting Back on Track. The CPF envisages a partnership with Thailand focused on the provision of IBRD reimbursable and trust-funded Advisory Services and Analytics (ASA) targeting poverty reduction and shared prosperity with an option of IBRD financing based on Government demand, overall performance, as well as global economic/financial developments affecting IBRD’s financing capacity, and demand by other borrowers. The CPF plans to achieve six objectives that together aim at Promoting Resilient and Sustainable Growth, and Strengthening Inclusion. In particular, these objectives are i) to improve Thailand’s competitiveness and ease of doing business; ii) to improve financial and fiscal institutions’ policy implementation; iii) to strengthen the quality of infrastructure investments; iv) to address climate change and improve water resource management; v) to strengthen the social protection and inclusion of vulnerable groups; and vi) to promote quality education for all and talent management 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876224 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30977 Volltext, Open Access

1759733253

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733253 OCoLC 1255604615 WBOKR 30973 EBP 064524655 KEP 064524655 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30973 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Mongolia Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Mongolia s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION SPENDING s FISCAL MANAGEMENT s GREEN GROWTH s HEALTH SPENDING s HOUSING s INEQUALITY s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s SUSTAINABILITY English Notwithstanding its long-term achievements, Mongolia now experiences three main problems: unstable economic growth, population wellbeing at risk and growing environmental stress. The Systematic Country Diagnostic gives a general analysis of the main problems of the Mongolian economy and its general causes and, in addition, proposes a list of development priorities for the country 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876232 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30973 Volltext, Open Access

1759733261

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733261 OCoLC 1255604698 WBOKR 30976 EBP 064524647 KEP 064524647 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30976 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Systematic Country Diagnostic The Independent State of Papua New Guinea World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Papua New Guinea s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL TRENDS s GOVERNANCE s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INEQUALITY s INFORMAL SECTOR s INSTITUTIONS s JOB CREATION s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s POVERTY s POVERTY REDUCTION s SERVICE DELIVERY s SHARED PROSPERITY English This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) identifies the main constraints and opportunities that Papua New Guinea faces in achieving the twin goals of ending extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity. In line with the World Bank Group’s new country engagement model, the findings of the SCD will provide inputs for the preparation of the Country Partnership Framework, which will outline the WBG’s engagement with Papua New Guinea to achieve the twin goals. This SCD is divided into three parts: setting the scene: the SCD sets the scene by outlining past trends in economic structure and performance, providing a snapshot on the state of service delivery, highlighting key issues of particular relevance for youth and women, and analyzing poverty incidence and inequality; identifying pathways for poverty reduction: second, the SCD looks at the most potent pathways for eradicating poverty and boosting shared prosperity, drawing attention to untapped opportunities and key constraints that must be overcome; and summarizing reform priorities: finally, the SCD identifies priorities for policy and reform to accelerate progress toward the twin goals. This diagnostic exercise was conducted in consultation with national authorities and other stakeholders in Papua New Guinea and is based on the current available body of knowledge 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876240 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30976 Volltext, Open Access

175973327X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973327X OCoLC 1255604724 WBOKR 30975 EBP 064524639 KEP 064524639 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30975 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Seizing a Brighter Future for All Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of North Macedonia (Formerly the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMPETITIVENESS s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s GOVERNANCE s GROWTH DRIVERS s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s LABOR MARKET s PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH s RESILIENCE s SHARED PROSPERITY s SUSTAINABILITY English This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) identifies three mutually reinforcing pathways for FYR Macedonia to sustainably accelerate growth, reduce poverty, and consolidate the middle class. An examination of the country’s progress in the 27 years of its independence reveals three strategic pathways for FYR Macedonia to overcome its development challenges and leverage new opportunities. The first is to foster a more dynamic and competitive private sector. The second is to build up human capital to be more competitive and adaptive and close opportunity gaps. And the third is to achieve sustainability through effective governance, fiscal prudence, and enhanced environmental management and resilience to natural hazards. Embarking on these strategic pathways would help sustain the robust and inclusive growth necessary to eliminate extreme poverty—a goal FYR Macedonia can achieve within the next decade—and promote shared prosperity. This SCD identifies short- and medium-term policy priorities to help FYR Macedonia achieve its long-term vision 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876259 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30975 Volltext, Open Access

1759733288

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733288 OCoLC 1255604506 WBOKR 30974 EBP 064524620 KEP 064524620 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30974 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ghana Priorities for Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ghana s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s DECENTRALIZATION s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s JOB CREATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR SKILLS s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s NATURAL DISASTERS s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s SHARED PROSPERITY s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT English The objective of this Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) is to demonstrate the current development challenges and opportunities facing Ghana, and offer a set of priority areas of intervention to accelerate economic growth and achieve the twin goals of ending extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876267 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30974 Volltext, Open Access

1759733296

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733296 OCoLC 1255604616 WBOKR 30853 EBP 064524612 KEP 064524612 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30853 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Liberia for the Period FY19 - FY24 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Liberia s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES s DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s FRAGILITY s IFC PROGRAM s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY REDUCTION s RESULTS MATRIX s RISK MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s WORLD BANK GROUP PROGRAM s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY s WORLD BANK PORTFOLIO English The Liberian economy is undergoing a process of structural transformation, as the dominanceof agriculture and mining gradually gives way to a rising services sector. Much of the Liberian economy is structured around foreign direct investment (FDI) and the development of private agricultural, mining, and forestry concessions. The Liberian economy showed signs of recovery in 2017-2018, amid significant fiscal and external imbalances. The medium-term outlook remains positive, assuming the new government maintains prudent macroeconomic policies, pursues a judicious borrowing policy, and implements planned structural reforms. The favorable medium-term growth outlook also assumes that sound macroeconomic management and structural reforms will strengthen investor confidence. The Government’s medium-term development strategy (July 2018-June 2023), the Pro-poor Agenda for Prosperity and Development (PAPD), is designed around the priorities set forth in President Weah’s inaugural speech and State of the Nation address: (i) combatting corruption; (ii) improving efficiency and accountability in the public sector; (iii) promoting honesty and transparency in the private sector; (iv) narrowing infrastructure gaps, especially in the southeast; and (v) creating jobs, especially for young workers. The Country Partnership Framework emphasizes the importance of shifting the focus of the WBG program from being infrastructure intensive under the previous CPS toward a more balanced approach with greater attention to education, agriculture, economic empowerment of women and youth, and maternal and child health. WBG will support smallholder commercialization and private-sector investment in agribusiness by fostering productive business linkages among smallholder farmers, selected agribusiness firms, and business-development services—with a special focus on constraints faced by women and youth 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876275 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30853 Volltext, Open Access

175973330X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973330X OCoLC 1255604580 WBOKR 30852 EBP 064524604 KEP 064524604 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30852 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Systematic Country Diagnostic of Senegal World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Dakar 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Senegal s AGRICULTURE s CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENERGY s FOOD PRICES s GOVERNANCE s GROWTH DRIVERS s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INCOME DISTRIBUTION s INEQUALITY s INFORMAL SECTOR s INSTITUTIONS s POVERTY REDUCTION s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL INCLUSION s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s VULNERABILITY English This SCD argues that, against a historical backdrop of lackluster economic growth and poverty reduction, Senegal has progressively achieved since 2010 a structural turnaround in its economic performance, based on enhanced international competitiveness and, incipient demographic transition, with tangible impacts on poverty 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876283 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30852 Volltext, Open Access

1759733318

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733318 OCoLC 1255604665 WBOKR 30550 EBP 064524590 KEP 064524590 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30550 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Cabo Verde Adjusting the Development Model to Revive Growth and Strengthen Social Inclusion World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Systematic Country Diagnostic Africa Cape Verde s ACCESS TO WATER s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONNECTIVITY s DEBT s DEVELOPMENT AID s DROP OUT s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s EXTREME POVERTY s FISHERIES s GOVERNANCE s ICT s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s LOGISTICS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s REMITTANCES s RURAL LIVELIHOODS s SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES s SMALL ISLAND DEVELOPING STATES s TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY s TOURISM English Cabo Verde’s economic achievements over the last thirty years have been spectacular and are unprecedented on the African continent. These achievements are remarkable given the unique challenges the country faces due to its small size, lack of scale for production of goods and delivery of economic and social services, remoteness, geographical dispersion, environmental fragility, and high exposure to shocks. This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) presents an assessment of the main opportunities and constraints for achieving the World Bank’s twin goals in Cabo Verde. It assesses the pathways for reducing extreme poverty and raising the welfare of the poorest forty percent of the population in a sustainable manner, and identifies the main constraints for operationalizing these. The SCD is based on a review of existing documents, analysis of available data, and in-country discussions and expert interviews that took place during 2016 and 2017. The SCD focuses on the country’s development potential and challenges to meeting the objectives of poverty reduction and shared posterity. It lays the ground for the program of collaboration between Cabo Verde and the World Bank Group, namely the 2018–2021 country partnership framework 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876291 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30550 Volltext, Open Access

1759733326

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733326 OCoLC 1255604581 WBOKR 30461 EBP 064524582 KEP 064524582 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30461 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Argentina Escaping Crises, Sustaining Growth, Sharing Prosperity World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Systematic Country Diagnostic Argentina Latin America & Caribbean s COMPETITIVENESS s CONVERGENCE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s GROWTH DRIVERS s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INEQUALITY s INFRASTRUCTURE s INSTITUTIONS s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s OPENNESS s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIORITIES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s SHARED PROSPERITY s TRADE s VOLATILITY English Argentina is rich in natural capital assets and has a historically strong middle class. Nonetheless, compared to that of its peers, Argentina’s long-run economic performance has been disappointing, affecting the country’s ability to reduce poverty and increase incomes of its citizens.This report is an analysis on the medium-term agenda to ensure growth and shared prosperity in Argentina and comes at a time when the country is embarking on deepening structural reforms while dealing with recent sudden financial market pressures that emerged in April 2018. The focus of the report is on medium- to longer-term development challenges in Argentina, rather than contemporaneous macroeconomic developments. The report looks at the policies needed to Argentina to end its vicious circle of fourteen economic crisis since 1950, that the country experienced. This includes a substantial focus on macroeconomic policies to set in place the foundations for medium-term growth and shared prosperity by boosting jobs and productivity 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876305 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30461 Volltext, Open Access

1759733334

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733334 OCoLC 1255604704 WBOKR 30462 EBP 064524574 KEP 064524574 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30462 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kyrgyz Republic Sytematic Country Diagnostic From Vulnerability to Prosperity World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kyrgyz Republic s AGRICULTURE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s COMMODITIES s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENERGY s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL POLICY s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INFRASTRUCTURE s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s MINING s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIORITIES s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s RESILIENCE s SHARED PROSPERITY s SUSTAINABILITY s TWIN GOALS English The purpose of this Systematic Country Diagnostic is to identify the main constraints and opportunities the Kyrgyz Republic faces in continuing to progress towards the World Bank Group’s twin goals. It analyzes trends and drivers of growth, poverty reduction, and income distribution, as well as the policies that underpin them, while assessing the elements constraining more rapid progress and sustainability. The main conclusions of this analysis are as follows: Growth has been driven by an ad hoc, opportunistic adaptation to constraints; These adaptations, which included (1) exporting migrant labor, with remittances fueling growth in domestic consumption and services; (2) exploiting the gold extracted from one major mine;1 and (3) leveraging import-re-export bazaar trade, helped sustain growth, while being far from first-best, deliberate, and policy-guided long-term solutions. This ‘growth model’ led to significant welfare gains, as it rode on the back of the commodity super-cycle. But its lack of coherence in addressing key constraints has implied that vulnerabilities remain widespread. In short, the country now needs a new development model to (i) tackle the sources of low overall productivity—a critical source of sustainable dynamism—and (ii) unleash private investment and job creation, given the limited options for public spending and redistribution. This will require a three-pronged approach to (1) address cross-cutting constraints to private sector development, (2) promote conducive policies in areas where the country has significant unexploited endowments (especially minerals and hydropower), and (3) foster greater sustainability, including by maximizing the efficiency of public policies. This will also require a fundamental departure from haphazard policy making, whereby macro-fiscal policies have failed to support greater poverty reduction and resilience, and weak governance has undermined the effectiveness of reforms 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876313 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30462 Volltext, Open Access

1759733342

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733342 OCoLC 1255604705 WBOKR 30460 EBP 064524566 KEP 064524566 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30460 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Federal Republic of Somalia for the Period FY19-FY22 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Somalia s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s DEVELOPMENT FINANCE s DONOR COORDINATION s DROUGHT s ECONOMIC RESILIENCE s GENDER s GOVERNANCE s JUSTICE s NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN s POVERTY s SERVICE DELIVERY s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s WORLD BANK GROUP PORTFOLIO English This Country partnership framework (CPF) (FY19-FY22) will help Somalia consolidate its transition by investing in services and economic opportunities while continuing to address the structural drivers of fragility. Based on the Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) and wide-ranging consultations, the Bank Group will support priorities in two Focus Areas: (i) building institutions to deliver services, and (ii) restoring economic resilience and opportunities. Building on good country performance, the World Bank Group (WBG’s) engagement will expand under this CPF, with new exceptional financing from IDA’s pre- arrears clearance grants. In Focus Area 1, the WBG will strengthen ongoing governance programs with a new focus on fiscal space and improving access to and quality of key social services and resilience. Under Focus Area 2 the WBG aims to increase economic resilience as a basis for long-run poverty reduction and inclusive growth 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876321 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30460 Volltext, Open Access

1759733350

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733350 OCoLC 1255604745 WBOKR 30459 EBP 064524558 KEP 064524558 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30459 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for India for the Period FY18-FY22 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s ADVISORY SERVICES s COUNTRY OPINION SURVEY s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s GOVERNANCE s LIVING STANDARDS s POVERTY s PRIORITIES s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s URBANIZATION s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY s WORLD BANK PORTFOLIO English India is in a period of unprecedented opportunity, challenge, and ambition in its development, requiring the World Bank Group (WBG) to reposition its partnership with the country. This Country Partnership Framework (CPF), the first since the country’s graduation from IDA to IBRD is being formulated to respond to this challenging context of a dynamic and increasingly global India. It charts a path for how the World Bank, IFC and MIGA will leverage their relative strengths and value propositions to answer the call of today’s India to deliver stronger development outcomes, nationally and globally. In this context, the WBG’s Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) distills three key priorities for maintaining the country’s trajectory of poverty reduction and high growth. This CPF is defined by a prioritization of ‘what’ substantive areas the WBG will focus on and an articulation of ‘how’ the Group will engage with India. The CPF posits three focus areas for WBG’s engagement. These are (i) promoting resource-efficient growth; (ii) enhancing competitiveness and enabling job creation; and (iii) investing in human capital 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987633X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30459 Volltext, Open Access

1759733369

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733369 OCoLC 1255604713 WBOKR 30416 EBP 06452454X KEP 06452454X 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30416 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Federal Republic of Somalia Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Somalia s AGRICULTURE s BANKING s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMPETITIVENESS s CONFLICT AND VIOLENCE s CONSTRAINTS s DISPLACED PERSONS s DISPUTE RESOLUTION s EDUCATION s ENERGY PRODUCTION s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s EQUITY s FINANCIAL SECTOR s FISCAL POLICY s FISHERIES s GENDER s GOVERNANCE s HEALTH s INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s INSTITUTIONS s JUSTICE s LABOR MARKET s LAND ADMINISTRATION s OCEANS s OIL AND GAS s POLITICAL DYNAMICS s POVERTY s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s SOCIAL CAPITAL s SOCIAL PROTECTION s TRADE s TRANSPORTATION s URBANIZATION s WATER SCARCITY English To sustain its positive trajectory, Somalia needs to break out of its dual development trap, where inadequate resources and minimal trust in government are preventing the state from providing the public goods and services necessary to consolidate its legitimacy, while large periodic shocks (such as drought) reverse the gains made and endanger the welfare of the most vulnerable. To break out of this cycle and launch itself on a durable development trajectory, Somalia will need both improved institutions and predictable development financing. To take advantage of the opportunity provided by the current relative political stability, this systematic country diagnostic (SCD) applies a modified version of the changing wealth of nations framework. This framework is focused on building up sustainable national wealth rather than maximizing short-term consumption, and is based upon an assessment of the stocks of various forms of capital -natural assets like land, forests, fish, and minerals; productive assets like buildings, machinery, and infrastructure (such as highways, ports, and electricity generation); human assets (population, education, and health); as well as the intangibles (such as the quality of institutions, the vitality of the private sector, and the functioning of the society) that govern the functioning of the economy. In this framework, development is defined as the process of accumulating a diversified and growing portfolio of national wealth. Among other approaches, by differentiating intangible capital in terms of its social, institutional, and entrepreneurial aspects this SCD more explicitly captures the quality and capacity of public institutions and governance, the functioning of social safety nets, inclusion and the strength of dispute resolution systems, and entrepreneurship. It also makes it possible to identify such obstacles to development as constraints on the accumulation of capital or drivers of capital depletion 40 17-11-21 00:19:26.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876348 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30416 Volltext, Open Access

1759733377

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733377 OCoLC 1255604718 WBOKR 30224 EBP 064524531 KEP 064524531 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30224 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for Nepal for the Period of FY2019-FY2023 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Nepal South Asia s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s MIGRATION s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s PORTFOLIO s PRIVATE INVESTMENT s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s RESULTS MATRIX s RISK MANAGEMENT s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s WORLD BANK GROUP PROGRAM s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English The Country Partnership Framework (CPF) covering the five-year period of FY2019-2023 comes at a time of historic transformation in Nepal. The signing of the 2006 Comprehensive Peace Agreement ended a 10-year conflictthat came at a significant cost of lives and foregone economic development. Since then, Nepal has gone through lengthy and complex transitions towards a new Constitution in 2015 that establishes a federal structure. By the end of 2017, elections were successfully held at the federal, state, and local tiers. There is a newfound optimism for greater political stability, inclusion, good governance and sustainable growth. The new federal structure presents unprecedented opportunities to reset Nepal’s development story line, as raised in the Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD). The CPF builds on the FY2014-2018 Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) and additional analyses to identify new challenges and opportunities in the coming period. The CPF focus areas have emerged from nationwide consultations for, and analysis of the SCD 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876356 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30224 Volltext, Open Access

1759733385

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733385 OCoLC 1255604456 WBOKR 30226 EBP 064524523 KEP 064524523 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30226 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for Solomon Islands for the Period FY2018-FY2023 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Solomon Islands s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES s POLITICAL CONTEXT s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY s RESULTS MATRIX s RISK MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s WORLD BANK GROUP PROGRAM s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English This country partnership framework (CPF) for Solomon Islands spans the period from July 1, 2017, to June 30, 2023 (FY2018-FY2023). It presents the World Bank Group’s (WBG) program of engagements over this period and a results framework against which anticipated outcomes will be evaluated. It builds on the results and lessons of Solomon Islands’ previous country partnership strategy (CPS), which covered the period between FY2013 and FY2017. This CPF is well aligned with the Solomon Islands Government’s (SIG’s) long-term development vision, the national development strategy 2016 to 2035: improving the social and economic livelihoods of all Solomon Islanders (NDS), and the thematic priorities emerging from the WBG’s Solomon Islands systematic country diagnostic (SCD), completed in June 2017. The main purpose of the CPF is to support Solomon Islands in enhancing its economic resilience through inclusive growth, while considering economic geography and state fragility. The CPF will selectively support Solomon Islands’ medium-term development plan (MTDP): 2016 to 2020 and incorporates key priorities of the SCD. The CPF is organized around three focus areas: (i) strengthening the foundations of well-being, (ii) promoting inclusive and sustainable growth, and (iii) managing uneven development 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876364 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30226 Volltext, Open Access

1759733393

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733393 OCoLC 1255604715 WBOKR 30225 EBP 064524515 KEP 064524515 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30225 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Seychelles for the Period of FY18-FY23 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Seychelles s CONSTRAINTS s DEBT s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s INEQUALITY s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY s PRIORITIES s RESULTS MATRIX s RISK MANAGEMENT s WORLD BANK GROUP PROGRAM s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Seychelles covers the period FY18-FY23. Seychelles has achieved impressive gains in prosperity and stability in the past decade since confronting a major economic crisis in 2008. The government responded to the crisis with a wide-ranging reform program supported by generous debt relief that focused on liberalization of the trade and exchange regimes, significant and sustained fiscal consolidation underpinned by reductions in public employment and subsidies, and a reduction in the state’s role in the economy to boost private sector development. Along with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank Group (WBG) supported Seychelles in managing the crisis and regaining stability. The CPF is grounded in the findings of a WBG Systematic Country Diagnostic1 (SCD) that was finalized in July 2017. The SCD assesses the remaining institutional constraints and priorities to bolster inclusion in a sustainable manner. The SCD shows that progress during the last decade has mostly benefitted the more skilled population, and that enhancing inclusion requires greater attention to the quality of education and social assistance The CPF is consistent with the principles for international Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) engagement in countries above the Graduation Discussion Income (GDI) and the Forward Look on small states. The CPF puts forward a flexible approach for the WBG’s program that is appropriate for addressing key institutional gaps and buttressing the resilience of the economy. The CPF focuses on strengthening institutions to foster inclusive and sustainable prosperity through a highly selective framework centered on two focus areas. The first focus area, Sustainable Growth for Shared Prosperity, seeks the retooling of tourism and fisheries, the core sectors of the economy, to open opportunities for local business to generate higher value-added and better paying employment opportunities, especially, among the bottom 40 percent of the income distribution. The second focus area, Fostering Inclusion and Public Sector Performance, supports the government’s efforts to reorient its significant investment in social assistance towards investment in human capital, especially the bottom 40 percent 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876372 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30225 Volltext, Open Access

1759733407

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 1999:27-04-23 06:32:20.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733407 OCoLC 1255604716 WBOKR 30223 EBP 064524507 KEP 064524507 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30223 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Republic of Congo Systematic Country Diagnostic Policy Priorities for Ending Extreme Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity in a Non-Diversified and Fragile Country International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Congo, Republic of s ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE SERVICE s DIVERSIFICATION s DUTCH DISEASE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES s FISCAL TRENDS s GENDER GAP s GROWTH CONSTRAINTS s HUMAN CAPITAL s INEQUALITY s INVESTMENT s JOB CREATION s LABOR MARKET s MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK s MINING s NATURAL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s OIL AND GAS s OIL REVENUE s POLITICAL CONTEXT s POVERTY s PRIORITIES s PRODUCTIVITY s REGIONAL TRADE s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT pha English One of the key objectives of this first SCD of the Republic of Congo is to serve as an essential input to the Country Partnership Framework. The SCD is not intended to carry out substantial new analytical work, but rather to draw upon and synthesize the existing evidence. A substantial amount of analytical work on Congo has been carried out in recent years, covering a wide range of subjects. These reports and studies conducted by the World Bank were supplemented by studies prepared by the government and other development partners and formed a solid basis for the analysis presented in the chapters to follow. The report is divided into two main parts. The first part presents the growth drivers and constraints for achieving the twin goals of eliminating extreme poverty in Congo by 2030 and promoting shared prosperity. The second part categorizes the constraints, prioritizes them according to the impact they have on the twin goals, identifies areas for improvement, and provides recommendations for leveraging the country’s opportunities and achieving sustainable and equitable growth 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876380 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30223 Volltext, Open Access

1759733415

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733415 OCoLC 1255604394 WBOKR 30049 EBP 064524493 KEP 064524493 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30049 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for Islamic Republic of Mauritania for the Period of FY18-FY23 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Mauritania s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s GENDER s INEQUALITY s POLITICAL CONTEXT s POVERTY s SOCIAL CONTEXT s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English Mauritania’s abundant endowment of natural resources, its strategic location at the gateway between Sub‐Saharan and Northern Africa, its richly diverse, yet stratified, cultural and social make‐up and its position in a restive region, increasingly beholden to the ravaging effects of climate change, create a complex development space for poverty reduction and shared prosperity. The end of the commodity super‐cycle brought these challenges to the fore, marking a decisive turning point in Mauritania’s quest to end poverty and achieve shared prosperity by 2030. This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Mauritania lays out the program for the period of FY18–FY23 and reflects lessons from the Completion and Learning Review (CLR) of the preceding FY14‐FY16 Country Partnership Strategy (CPS), which was discussed at the Board in September 2013. The CPF will support the transition to a more inclusive, diversified and resilient model of growth, building on Mauritania’s natural resource wealth. First, it expands opportunities for economic diversification with interventions to raise productivity in traditional livestock, fisheries, and agricultural activities; improves household welfare through access to basic services; and enables increased participation in economic activity which will further sustain growth. Second, interventions in education, health and social protection will emphasize quality and access for the most vulnerable population segments and employability of youth and women. Third, it supports improvements in economic governance to optimize revenue mobilization and public spending, create opportunities for the private sector and strengthen the transparency of the extractives sector. The CPF emphasizes adaptation to the effects of climate change and building environmental resilience, as well as macroeconomic stability to ensure economic resilience. Finally, the CPF will feature a sharpened focus on private sector development, seeking to foster a more level playing field to accelerate the nascent transition from public to private sector‐led growth. This will be achieved through even closer collaboration between IDA, IFC and MIGA in maximizing finance for development 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876399 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30049 Volltext, Open Access

1759733423

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:50.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733423 OCoLC 1255604752 WBOKR 30051 EBP 064524485 KEP 064524485 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30051 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for Benin for the Period of FY19-FY23 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Benin s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMPETITIVENESS s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION s FINANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s POLITICAL CONTEXT s POVERTY s RESILIENCE s RISK MANAGEMENT s SOCIAL CONTEXT s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) sets out the strategy for how the World Bank Group will support Benin in achieving higher rates of economic and social well-being over the period FY19-FY23. The Republic of Benin is a small country with a large potential for improving the well-being of its people. With a population of roughly 10.9 million people, Benin is renowned for the stability of its democratic system of government (since 1990). It is endowed with relatively fertile agricultural land, a long border shared with the region’s economic giant, Nigeria, and a strategic location as a hub connecting coastal and landlocked countries to the north. Despite these advantages, Benin’s development indicators are among the world’s lowest: the absolute number of people living in poverty has increased in recent years and conditions are particularly bad for women, people living in lagging regions in the north of the country, and young job-seekers. The country is also highly exposed to the environmental and social consequences of climate change, affecting agriculture productivity, health, food security, economic development, physical infrastructure, and water resources. The Government of Benin (GoB) proposes to improve its state of development through its Government Action Program 2016-2021 (Programme d’Actions du Gouvernement [PAG]). Adopted at the outset of the recently elected (2016) government of President Patrice Talon, the PAG starts with the premise that given Benin’s long history of democratic stability, its natural resource endowment, and its strategic location within West Africa, it can achieve much higher rates of economic and social well-being through a three-pronged approach: (a) consolidation of democracy, the rule of law, and good governance; (b) structural transformation of the economy; and (c) improvement of social wellbeing. The PAG is premised on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (embodying its related goals (SDGs) as well as the Paris climate agreement 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876402 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30051 Volltext, Open Access

1759733431

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733431 OCoLC 1255604699 WBOKR 30050 EBP 064524477 KEP 064524477 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30050 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for Burkina Faso for the Period FY18-FY23 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Burkina Faso s CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION s FINANCE s GENDER s GOVERNANCE s JOB CREATION s POLITICAL CONTEXT s POVERTY s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL CONTEXT s SOCIAL PROTECTION s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s WORLD BANK GROUP STRATEGY English This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for the period FY18 to FY23, draws on the World Bank Group’s (WBG) 2017 Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) for Burkina Faso and feedback from in-country consultations with stakeholders. The SCD identified three top and seven second-tier priorities necessary to end extreme poverty and increase shared prosperity in Burkina Faso. These top priorities are: i) improving natural resource management; ii) promoting skills development, and iii) reducing gender bias against women. The second-tier priorities are: (i) building infrastructure to promote further local and regional integration; (ii) encouraging financial inclusion; (iii) increasing resilience through improved social protection to the poorest; (iv) ensuring fiscal efficiency and macroeconomic stability; (v) building up inclusive and transparent institutions; (vi) promoting competition and private sector development to stimulate efficiency and innovation; and (vii) managing urbanization with efficient urban centers. The SCD determined that the degree to which Burkina Faso achieves success will depend on its ability to facilitate economic transformation, expand the base of growth beyond the rapid expansion of the public sector, financed mainly by aid inflows and the booming mining sector – and share the positive impacts of economic growth with most citizens. This CPF follows the Burkina Faso Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) FY13-FY161 and builds on the Performance and Learning Review (PLR)2 completed in May 2015. This CPF recognizes the prevalent security context in the Sahel Region which suggests that traditional growth and poverty alleviation alone may not be sufficient to sustain peace and long-term stability in Burkina Faso. The wide range of Burkina Faso’s economic and social challenges will not be covered by this CPF. Rather, the proposed set of analytical, financial and advisory services will seek to build on existing operations where the WBG has a comparative advantage and where its transformational impact is greatest. Use of new IDA18 instruments, such as the Scale-up Facility (SUF), the Private Sector Window (PSW) and the Refugee Window, will also be prioritized. Partnership and collaboration with other development partners and regional development organizations, meanwhile, will be nurtured 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876410 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30050 Volltext, Open Access

175973344X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973344X OCoLC 1255604566 WBOKR 30055 EBP 064524469 KEP 064524469 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30055 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Dominican Republic Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Dominican Republic Latin America & Caribbean s CLIMATE SHOCKS s COMPETITIVENESS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EXPORTS s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL TRENDS s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INEQUALITY s MIGRATION s POVERTY s PRIORITIES s RESILIENCE s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY s SOCIAL POLICY English The Dominican Republic could sustain a strong economic performance in the medium-term, but there are many pending key challenges to become a high-income and more equitable society by 2030. Although growth rates for the DR are projected to be around 5 percent for 2018-2020, the country faces structural challenges to fostering a more dynamic private sector that can create better jobs and ensure social inclusion. This SCD identifies five key and interrelated challenges which the DR needs to overcome to achieve a more inclusive and sustainable growth 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876429 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30055 Volltext, Open Access

1759733458

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733458 OCoLC 1255604604 WBOKR 30054 EBP 064524450 KEP 064524450 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30054 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Organization of Eastern Caribbean States Systematic Regional Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Antigua and Barbuda Dominica Grenada Latin America & Caribbean St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia St. Vincent and the Grenadines s BLUE ECONOMY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL POLICY s GENDER s ICT s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY s LABOR MARKET s POVERTY s REGIONAL INTEGRATION s RESILIENCE s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s SUSTAINABILITY s TOURISM s TRANSPORT English Eastern Caribbean countries are among the region’s top performers in per capita income, poverty reduction, access to services, and gender inclusion, despite the constraints imposed by their small size. Geography and economic specialization make them vulnerable to external shocks, contributing to low and volatile GDP growth since 2000. High debt, limited job opportunities, and climate change present important development challenges for OECS countries. Strengthening their resilience to shocks is a prerequisite for poverty reduction, inclusive growth, and sustainability. The natural capital of the oceans provides opportunities for OECS countries to embed growth in the “blue economy.” Realizing these opportunities will require harnessing human capital, embracing new technologies, and continued regional cooperation 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876437 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30054 Volltext, Open Access

1759733466

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733466 OCoLC 1255604558 WBOKR 30053 EBP 064524442 KEP 064524442 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30053 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Paraguay Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Paraguay s ACCOUNTABILITY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s LABOR s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s NATURAL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT s POVERTY s PRIORITIES s PUBLIC EXPENDITURE s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s RULE OF LAW s SERVICE DELIVERY s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s TWIN GOALS English Paraguay has been characterized by solid economic growth, strong poverty reduction and macroeconomic stability in recent years. An adjustment of the development model, however, should increase sustainability and inclusiveness in the future. Economic growth has been above the regional average. Macroeconomic stability has been achieved; inflation is under control and public debt is low. Poverty reduction has been substantial, and several social indicators have shown significant improvements. Apart from solid macroeconomic policy, growth has been based on extensive leveraging of the country’s natural wealth, particularly land and hydroelectric potential. Demographic change in Paraguay has also led to a sizable expansion of the working-age population, adding to economic output. However, if the current model is adjusted, the sustainability of these achievements could be increased substantially, since two of the main sources of growth in the past decade (natural capital and the demographic bonus) will slowly reduce their contribution to growth. These adjustments should focus on overcoming the main obstacles that this report identified as critical challenges for a sustainable development: (a) concentration of inputs, production, exports, income, and political influence; (b) prevalence of informal economic relations; and (c) delivery of public services. To meet the population’s expectations, higher growth is needed, but, even more importantly, this growth needs to become inclusive and sustainable in the medium- and long-term. The pathways toward this goal will need to overcome the mutually reinforcing challenges mentioned above. To that end, the SCD has identified the following priority areas: accountable institutions, rule of law, and business environment; natural wealth management; quality of public services; and human capital 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876445 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30053 Volltext, Open Access

1759733474

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733474 OCoLC 1255604567 WBOKR 30052 EBP 064524434 KEP 064524434 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30052 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Ecuador Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Ecuador Latin America & Caribbean s CONSTRAINTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s GENDER s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INVESTMENT s LABOR MARKET s POVERTY s PRIORITIES s SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY s TWIN GOALS English During the last fifteen years, Ecuador’s economic growth translated into impressive social gains. Yet, structural vulnerabilities emerged during this period and remained hidden by favorable external conditions during the commodity boom. The plunge in oil prices unveiled deep-rooted challenges such as macroeconomic imbalances, inefficiencies of the public sector, weak competitiveness, and underinvested private sector. Going forward, these are priority challenges to be addressed for continuing reducing poverty and boosting shared prosperity in a sustainable manner. This SCD identifies the foundations of the sustainable and inclusive growth process through a prioritization of challenges and opportunities. Three key elements must be in place for such growth process to take place, which are the bases of the prioritization exercise: (i) promoting macroeconomic sustainability; (ii) enabling an efficient allocation of resources in the public and the private sectors, and (iii) protecting the poor and the vulnerable. Challenges and opportunities -grouped in four pillars- are identified as priorities if they contribute significantly to at least one of the above elements and do not undermine the others. Another element considered in this prioritization exercise is whether the identified challenges or opportunities are expected to be addressed in the short (ST), medium (MT) or long term (LT). The analysis also evaluated the possible timeframe under which actions are implemented toward tackling the identified difficulty or achieving the identified goal. It also conveys a sense of urgency in implementing such actions. The timeframe considers the short term as being approximately within one year, the medium term as within four to five years, and the long term as more than five years 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876453 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30052 Volltext, Open Access

1759733482

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733482 OCoLC 1255604352 WBOKR 30056 EBP 064524426 KEP 064524426 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30056 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Burundi Addressing Fragility and Demographic Challenges to Reduce Poverty and Boost Sustainable Growth World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Burundi s AID DEPENDENCE s BASIC NEEDS s CLIMATE CHANGE s CONFLICT s DEMOGRAPHICS s DIVERSIFICATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION s FRAGILE STATES s GOVERNANCE s INEQUALITY s INSTITUTIONAL FRAGILITY s LIVING STANDARDS s OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s POLITICAL CONFLICT s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POVERTY s PRIORITIES s RECOVERY s TWIN GOALS s VULNERABILITY English This document presents the Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) for the Republic of Burundi (Burundi). The SCD identifies the key challenges and opportunities for Burundi to accelerate progress in poverty reduction and shared prosperity in a sustainable manner, while acknowledging: (i) the need for selectivity in interventions that foster growth and improve living conditions; and (ii) the many competing ‘binding’ reasons for poverty in Burundi. Burundi is a densely populated, poor, and highly fragile country that is home to 11 million people. It is the third most densely populated country in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) with an estimated 435 inhabitants per k 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876461 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30056 Volltext, Open Access

1759733490

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733490 OCoLC 1255604560 WBOKR 30057 EBP 064524418 KEP 064524418 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30057 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Democratic Republic of Congo Systematic Country Diagnostic Policy Priorities for Poverty Reduction and Shared Prosperity in a Post-Conflict Country and Fragile State World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Congo, Democratic Republic of s AGRICULTURE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION s ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT s FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY s FRAGILE STATES s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INEQUALITY s INFRASTRUCTURE s LABOR SKILLS s MARKET ACCESS s NATURAL RESOURCES s PHYSICAL CAPITAL s POLITICAL CONTEXT s POLITICAL INSTABILITY s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION s RESILIENCE s RISKS s SECURITY AND DEVELOPMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s VULNERABILITY English The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is a classic example of the paradox of plenty, since the country is extremely rich in natural resources while its population is extremely poor. It is the largest country in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) with a total surface area of about 234 million hectares (equivalent to the size of Western Europe). Poverty in the DRC remains pervasive, and greater than the SSA average. About two-thirds of the population lives below the poverty line. Chapter 2 of the systematic country diagnostic (SCD) shows that between 2005 and 2012 the proportion of people living below the poverty line declined from 69.3 percent to 64 percent, respectively. Demographic trends, reinforced by gender discrimination and lack of social policies, contributed to maintaining poverty at relatively high levels. The poor state of infrastructure is a major constraint on sustainable and inclusive growth in the country. The country’s weak institutions failed to build the foundations of a resilient economy and absorb external shocks, hence exposing the society to cycles of violence and impoverishment. The report identifies five major emerging opportunities and priority areas where policy actions can provide quick wins and build cumulative and virtuous cycles to sustain inclusive growth and foster resilience and shared prosperity over the next decade: (1) building the resilience of the macroeconomic framework; (2) building inclusive institutions and strengthening governance; (3) leveraging natural resources, infrastructure, and agriculture; (4) building human capital; and (5) leveraging the private sector by effectively implementing investment climate reforms, and strengthening institutions that support markets 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987647X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30057 Volltext, Open Access

1759733504

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733504 OCoLC 1255604787 WBOKR 29954 EBP 06452440X KEP 06452440X 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29954 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for Romania for the Period FY19-23 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Romania s ACCESS TO SERVICES s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT s CIVIL SERVICE REFORM s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION s COMPETITIVENESS s DONOR COORDINATION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC SHOCKS s FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION s GENDER s GOVERNANCE s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INEQUALITY s INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT s LABOR MARKET s MICROENTERPRISE s POVERTY s PUBLIC INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS s RESILIENCE s RURAL DEVELOPMENT s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s TRANSPARENCY English Romania has achieved impr ... 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876488 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29954 Volltext, Open Access

1759733512

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733512 OCoLC 1255604774 WBOKR 29929 EBP 064524396 KEP 064524396 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29929 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Kingdom of Morocco Systematic Country Diagnostic Governing Towards Efficiency, Equity, Education and Endurance World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Middle East and North Africa Morocco s ACCOUNTABILITY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMPETITIVENESS s DIVERSIFICATION s EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT s EDUCATION s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN DEVELOPMENT s INEQUALITY s LABOR MARKET s POVERTY s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s RULE OF LAW s SHARED PROSPERITY s SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES s SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL INCLUSION s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SUSTAINABILITY s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT English Over the last 15 years, t ... 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876496 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29929 Volltext, Open Access

1759733520

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733520 OCoLC 1255604794 WBOKR 29906 EBP 064524388 KEP 064524388 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29906 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Guinea for the Period FY2018-FY23 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Guinea s CONSTRAINTS s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ENERGY s INSTITUTIONS s POVERTY s RESILIENCE s RISKS s SHARED PROSPERITY s WORLD BANK GROUP PROGRAM English Guinea's experience with multiparty democracy is relatively recent and has been marked by socio‐political tensions on several occasions. This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) presents the World Bank Group (WBG) program for Guinea for the Fiscal Year (FY) period of 2018‐2023. The distinctive feature of this CPF is its focus on accelerating the transition to a more diversified, higher value‐added economy while also addressing the multiple drivers of fragility. Maintaining flexibility and the ability to respond quickly to crises is key to the success of World Bank support in fragile environments such as Guinea. Therefore, this CPF leaves some un‐programmed allocations, which will allow the WBG to support the government in implementing its new National Development Plan in a flexible manner so that it can respond to any change of circumstances. There is a need to strengthen the regulatory framework to support successful Public‐Private Partnership (PPP) investments. Working jointly with the World Bank and MIGA, IFC should promote the use of PPP solutions to foster private led‐investments in power generation, specifically in hydro and solar energy. The WBG will strengthen and further mainstream the existing joint review meetings of the portfolio, as well as for the Country Portfolio Performance Reviews (CPPRs) 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987650X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29906 Volltext, Open Access

1759733539

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733539 OCoLC 1255604775 WBOKR 29907 EBP 06452437X KEP 06452437X 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29907 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for Poland for the Period of FY19-24 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Poland s DEMOGRAPHICS s DEVELOPMENT POLICY s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s ENTREPRENEURSHIP s FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT s GENDER EQUALITY s HEALTHCARE s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INNOVATION s KNOWLEDGE EXPORTS s LAGGING REGIONS s POVERTY s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s TERTIARY EDUCATION s WORLD BANK GROUP PROGRAM English Poland has reached high-income status over a relatively short period of time, an experience with potential lessons for other countries. However, Poland's development path still faces vulnerabilities and to consolidate gains and address the complex challenges of the future will require strong institutions. The recent Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) assesses Poland's most critical institutional constraints and identifies priorities where targeted support could further boost shared prosperity in a sustainable manner. Given Poland's achievements, but also its remaining institutional challenges, this Country Partnership Framework (CPF) makes a marked departure from previous World Bank Group (WBG) engagements. The design of the CPF results framework is based on the SCD's institutional assessment and is fully consistent with the government's strategy for responsible development that places people at the center of its development agenda. This CPF program has six specific objectives in three focus areas: i) Human capital investments and entrepreneurship for the twenty first century; ii) strong institutions for shared prosperity; and iii) resilience to environmental and global risks. The CPF will cover a six-year period (FY19-24) with Progress and Learning Reviews (PLR) planned for every two to three years 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876518 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29907 Volltext, Open Access

1759733547

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733547 OCoLC 1255604796 WBOKR 29879 EBP 064524361 KEP 064524361 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29879 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO India Systematic Country Diagnostic Realizing the Promise of Prosperity World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource India South Asia s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY s ENERGY EFFICIENCY s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s LAND USE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s RISKS s SHARED PROSPERITY s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s WATER USE English With one of the world’sfa ... 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876526 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29879 Volltext, Open Access

1759733555

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733555 OCoLC 1255604575 WBOKR 29878 EBP 064524353 KEP 064524353 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29878 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Tajikistan Systematic Country Diagnostic Making the National Development Strategy 2030 a Success - Building the Foundation for Shared Prosperity World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan s BANKING SECTOR REFORM s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s DEMOGRAPHICS s EDUCATION s FISCAL TRENDS s FRAGILITY s GOVERNANCE s HEALTH s INFRASTRUCTURE s LABOR MARKET s MIGRATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s REMITTANCES s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS English Landlocked and mountainous, Tajikistan has a young—and mostly rural—population of about 8.7 million and GNI per capita of USD 1,100 in 2016, making it a lower middle-income country. In 2016, Tajikistan launched the National Development Strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan for the Period Up To 2030 (“NDS 2030”) laying out its master plan of the country’s future economic development. This systematic country diagnostic (“SCD”) identifies the most critical challenges and opportunities facing Tajikistan as its strives to raise the population’s living standards through the implementation of NDS 2030. Specifically, the SCD will answer the following three questions: (i) what are the key constraints to achieving inclusive and sustainable growth as envisaged in the NDS 2030; (ii) what are the main risks; and (iii) what priority areas can Tajikistan focus on to have the largest impact on sustainable economic and social development? 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876534 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29878 Volltext, Open Access

1759733563

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733563 OCoLC 1255604797 WBOKR 29880 EBP 064524345 KEP 064524345 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29880 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Repuplic of Liberia From Growth to Development Priorities for Sustainably Reducing Poverty and Achieving Middle-Income Status by 2030 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Systematic Country Diagnostic Africa Liberia s ACCESS TO SERVICES s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s DEMOGRAPHICS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s FRAGILITY s GOVERNANCE s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INEQUALITY s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s KNOWLEDGE GAPS s POVERTY MEASUREMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s SHARED PROSPERITY English Liberia’s status as a fragile state is deeply rooted in the political and economic exclusion practiced by the country’s founders. Although they constituted just 5 percent of the population, freed American slaves and their descendants dominated the country’s intellectual and ruling class from 1847 to 1990. While Liberia’s sixteen indigenous ethnic groups4 comprise over 90 percent of the population, the country’s political system was created to protect the small minority of settlers rather than to promote inclusive development or advance the public interest. Property rights were extremely limited, and administrative power was both centralized in Monrovia and concentrated in the executive branch. Political accountability was minimal, the country’s resources were exclusively controlled by its political and economic elite, and infrastructure and basic social services were largely unavailable outside of a few major cities. This unbalanced development pattern gave rise to vast disparities in power and wealth between rural and urban areas. Wealth inequality exacerbated ethnic and class rivalries, leading to a coup d’état in 1980 followed by two devastating civil wars. These conflicts claimed over 300,000 lives and caused the complete collapse of both the state and the economy, derailing Liberia’s development and compounding its already severe institutional and governance challenges.In 2012, the government of Liberia published its national strategic vision, Liberia Rising 2030. This plan is designed to enable Liberia to achieve middle-income country (MIC) status1 by 2030 through peaceful and inclusive politics, stable institutions, economic diversification, and accelerated human capital formation. The Agenda for Transformation, a medium-term development plan for 2013–17, attempted to advance the government’s vision by focusing on Liberia’s primary development challenges of consolidating peace and security, developing the manufacturing and service sectors, investing in human capital, improving the quality of governance, and strengthening public institutions. In line with the government’s objectives, this Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) explores the various challenges facing Liberia as it strives to achieve MIC status by 2030 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876542 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29880 Volltext, Open Access

1759733571

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733571 OCoLC 1255604799 WBOKR 29881 EBP 064524337 KEP 064524337 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29881 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Solomon Islands Systematic Country Diagnostic Priorities for Supporting Poverty Reduction and Promoting Shared Prosperity World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Solomon Islands s ACCESS TO SERVICES s AGRICULTURE s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION s CONNECTIVITY s ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY s EDUCATION s EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES s FISCAL TRENDS s FRAGILITY s HEALTH s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s JUSTICE s KNOWLEDGE GAPS s LABOR MOBILITY s POLITICAL ECONOMY s POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION s POVERTY REDUCTION s RESILIENCE s RISKS s SHARED PROSPERITY s TOURISM s URBAN SERVICES English Solomon Islands is a small, remote archipelago in the South Pacific that faces a fairly unique set of development challenges. Solomon Islands is now at a critical juncture in its development trajectory. Neither the economic geography nor the present political economy of Solomon Islands is particularly conducive to the establishment of state institutions capable of managing upcoming socioeconomic change. Because of the weaknesses of state institutions, and consistent with Solom on Islands’ historical experience, a variety of non-state and international actors will need to play important roles in managing upcoming and potentially risky socioeconomic change. This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) for Solomon Islands identifies key challenges and opportunities for achieving inclusive and sustainable growth, to accelerate progress toward the World Bank Group’s twin goals of reducing extreme poverty and promoting shared prosperity 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876550 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29881 Volltext, Open Access

175973358X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973358X OCoLC 1255604719 WBOKR 29876 EBP 064524329 KEP 064524329 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29876 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Republic of Croatia Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Croatia Europe and Central Asia s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s COMPETITION POLICY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s FIRM PRODUCTIVITY s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s LABOR MARKET s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s RESILIENCE s SHARED PROSPERITY s SUSTAINABILITY s TRADE English Croatia has made remarkable progress since independence, but daunting challenges impede the reforms required for sustainable development. In the space of a couple of decades since independence and its subsequent destructive war, Croatia has established a liberal democracy and a market economy, and achieved upper-middle income country. EU accession played a key role in these accomplishments by supporting legislative improvements, strengthening institutions and increasing the availability of funds. Nevertheless, implementation of the reform program continues to face significant obstacles. Capture of public institutions by powerful interest groups has limited the effectiveness of reforms. And frequent changes in government, each accompanied by changes in technical staff in public administration, have reduced momentum for reform and the consistency of government policies over time. This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) provides an assessment of where Croatia stands in terms of poverty reduction and shared prosperity (namely the twin goals), and how it could maximize progress towards these goals. The SCD’s purpose is not to assess the Government’s development plans but rather to articulate an independent identification of, and rationale for, priorities for achieving the twin goals. The analysis is meant to inform subsequent engagement between Croatia and the World Bank Group on the Country Partnership Framework. The document is structured as follows: chapter two presents key determinants and constraints of growth; chapter three presents determinants and constraints for enhancing inclusion; chapter four discusses financial, social and environmental sustainability, and identifies key sustainability-related constraints on achieving the twin goals over the longer term; and chapter five presents the priorities for reform and concludes 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876569 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29876 Volltext, Open Access

1759733598

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733598 OCoLC 1255604627 WBOKR 29877 EBP 064524310 KEP 064524310 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29877 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Timor-Leste Systematic Country Diagnostic Pathways for a New Economy and Sustainable Livelihoods World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Timor-Leste s CLIMATE RISK s FISCAL TRENDS s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s JOB CREATION s POVERTY MEASUREMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s SERVICE DELIVERY s SHARED PROSPERITY s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT s SUSTAINABLE FINANCE English This first systematic country diagnostic (SCD) for Timor-Leste identifies key priorities to sustainably achieve the World Bank Group (WBG) twin goals of eradicating extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity in Timor-Leste. The Timor-Leste SCD presents a key set of priorities towards achieving the twin goals along three pathways: i) continuing to invest in human capital and improved service delivery; ii) sustained economic growth and private sector job creation; and iii) sustainable management of both the natural environment and public finances. The WBG will use the SCD as an input towards the preparation of its Country partnership framework (CPF) for Timor-Leste, which will aim to bring to bear the full resources of the WBG to support key development objectives in Timor-Leste 40 17-11-21 00:19:27.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876577 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29877 Volltext, Open Access

1759733601

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733601 OCoLC 1255604815 9781464813177 WBOKR 29864 EBP 064524302 KEP 064524302 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29864 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO From Uneven Growth to Inclusive Development Romania's Path to Shared Prosperity World Bank VerfasserIn aut Washington, DC World Bank 2018 1 Online-Ressource Systematic Country Diagnostic Europe and Central Asia Romania s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s COMPETITIVENESS s CORRUPTION s ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY s GOVERNANCE s INEQUALITY s INFRASTRUCTURE s INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE s LAGGING REGIONS s POVERTY s PUBLIC SPENDING s REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT s RURAL POVERTY s SERVICE DELIVERY s SHARED PROSPERITY s TECHNOLOGY CHANGE s URBANIZATION English Reforms spurred by accession to the European Union (EU) boosted productivity and integrated Romania into the EU economic space. Gross domestic product per capita rose from 30 percent of the EU average in 1995 to 59 percent in 2016. Today, over 70 percent of the country’s exports go to the EU, and their technological complexity is increasing rapidly. Yet, Romania remains the country in the EU with by far the largest share of poor people, with over a quarter of the population living on less than $5.50 a day. There are widening disparities in economic opportunity and poverty across regions and between urban and rural areas. Although Bucharest has already exceeded the EU average income per capita, and many secondary cities are becoming hubs of prosperity and innovation, Romania remains one of the least urbanized countries in the EU. Access to public services remains constrained for many citizens, particularly in rural areas, and there is a large infrastructure gap, which is a drag on the international competitiveness of the more dynamic areas of Romania while limiting economic opportunities in lagging and rural areas. Growth is constrained by weak commitment to policy implementation, creating a poor business environment and misallocation of resources to politically connected firms. Equal opportunities are constrained by weak local service delivery and an inability to ensure sufficient local funding due to patronage-based politics. And resilience to natural disasters and climate change is constrained by lack of coordination between central and local authorities. As argued in this report, Romania has no choice but to address these institutional challenges if it is to sustain the impressive growth performance of recent years, share prosperity among all of its citizens, and improve its resilience to natural hazards 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876585 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29864 Volltext, Open Access

175973361X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973361X OCoLC 1255604628 WBOKR 29794 EBP 064524299 KEP 064524299 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29794 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for Georgia for the Period FY19-FY22 International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Georgia s AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT s BANK PORTFOLIO s COMPETITIVENESS s COUNTRY OPINION SURVEY s DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s EDUCATION QUALITY s FISCAL TRENDS s GENDER ASSESSMENT s GOVERNMENT PROGRAM s HEALTHCARE DELIVERY s HIGHWAY CORRIDOR s HUMAN CAPITAL s IFC s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INNOVATION s MARKET ACCESS s MIGA s MODERNIZATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRODUCTIVITY s RESILIENCE s RISK MANAGEMENT s RISKS s ROADS s SHARED PROSPERITY English This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for FY19–FY22 sets out the World Bank Group’s (WBG) proposals for supporting the Government of Georgia’s vision of developing a market based economy while ensuring nationwide prosperity and strengthening its regional position. Building on the strong foundation put in place by the previous FY14 to FY17 Country Partnership Strategy (CPS), this CPF will work to consolidate gains and move the economy toward addressing next generation development challenges for sustained and inclusive growth and poverty reduction. The CPF proposes a strategic shift in focus from an infrastructure heavy program to one that emphasizes expanding human capital. WBG interventions over the next four years will aim to reduce gaps in human endowments and create economic opportunities that will ensure inclusive and sustainable economic growth. The WBG will support Georgia in sustaining strong productivity led growth while maintaining a direct line of sight to the “Bottom 40” those Georgians whose annual household income falls into the bottom 40 percent of the country. To support the government in achieving the twin goals of eliminating extreme poverty and promoting shared prosperity, the CPF envisages support to Georgia across three focus group areas: (i) enhancing inclusive growth and competitiveness, (ii) investing in human capital, and (iii) building resilience. The CPF will pay special attention to vulnerable groups and lagging regions that have not benefited from the fruits of growth.Interventions will target special groups such as women, youth, and rural communities where most poor people live. Across the three focus areas, the CPF will rely on three engagement principles to guide the selection of interventions: (i) maximizing finance for development (MfD), which aims to leverage the private sector for growth and sustainable development; (ii) spatial equity, as a means to redress currently regional imbalances within the country; and (iii) innovation, given the rapid pace of technological changes and digitization and its effects on productivity and competitiveness. Lending commitments will evolve during the CPF as they have throughout the WBG’s engagement with Georgia and the current portfolio of investments and advisory services and analytics (ASA) will serve as a solid base to enable the WBG to achieve the intended strategic shifts in this CPF 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876593 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29794 Volltext, Open Access

1759733628

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733628 OCoLC 1255604721 9781775822639 WBOKR 29793 EBP 064524280 KEP 064524280 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29793 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO An Incomplete Transition Overcoming the Legacy of Exclusion in South Africa World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Systematic Country Diagnostic Africa South Africa s ACCESS TO LAND s ACCOUNTABILITY s AGRIBUSINESS s CIVIL SERVICE s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMPETITIVENESS s DEVELOPMENTAL STATE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EMPLOYABILITY s EMPOWERMENT s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EXCLUSION s FINANCE s FISCAL TRENDS s GLOBAL VALUE CHAIN s GOVERNANCE s INEQUALITY s INFRASTRUCTURE s INVESTMENT s JOB CREATION s JOBS s LABOR MARKET s LABOR POLICY s MONITORING AND EVALUATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s RESILIENCE s RURAL AGRICULTURE s SOCIAL INCLUSION s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s TOWNSHIPS s TRANSPARENCY English South Africa has come a long way since the advent of democracy, but its transition remains incomplete. The first three clauses of the Freedom Charter—the historic 1955 document setting out the central objectives of the democratic movement—were (i) the people shall govern; (ii) all national groups shall have equal rights; and (iii) the people shall share in the country’s wealth. While the first two objectives have largely been achieved since the first democratic elections of 1994, historical disadvantage remains a determinant of income, wealth, and opportunity, notwithstanding some progress. As such, the economic transition from a system of exclusion under segregation and apartheid remains incomplete. This SCD identifies five key constraints. These are (i) insufficient skills; (ii) the skewed distribution of land and productive assets, and weak property rights; (iii) low competition and low integration in global and regional value chains; (iv) limited or expensive spatial connectivity and under-serviced historically disadvantaged settlements; and (v) climate shocks: the transition to a low-carbon economy and water insecurity 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876607 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29793 Volltext, Open Access

1759733636

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:51.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733636 OCoLC 1255604753 WBOKR 29792 EBP 064524272 KEP 064524272 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29792 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO A New Growth Model for Building a Secure Middle Class Kazakhstan Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s COMMODITY PRICES s CONNECTIVITY s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s FINANCIAL REFORM s FISCAL TRENDS s GOVERNANCE s HEALTHCARE QUALITY s JOB CREATION s LABOR MARKET s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s MARKET ACCESS s MONETARY POLICY s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR s SHARED PROSPERITY s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SOCIAL COHESION s SOCIAL PROTECTION s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s TRADE INTEGRATION s TRADE POLICY English Four mutually supportive strategic pillars and related policy priorities would help Kazakhstan continue the structural transformation that stalled during the oil booms, in order to eliminate poverty and build a large and secure middle class: 1. economic management for diversification, to strengthen economic management in support of outward diversification of the economy; 2. private sector development, with the state disengaging from its active role in the economy and instead becoming an enabler for a competitive private sector, including a strong small and medium enterprise sector; 3. integration and connectivity, to expand the capability for external trade and the ability of economic regions to respond to external and domestic opportunities, while strengthening institutions for national integration and citizen participation; and 4. productive and adaptive human and natural capital, to enhance human capital so that workers can attain higher levels of productivity and respond more agilely to market developments, while improving natural resource management to strengthen resilience and support sustainability. To deliver on all these priorities, Kazakhstan needs to continue to modernize and build the capacity of its institutions, making them more open, responsive, and effective 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876615 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29792 Volltext, Open Access

1759733644

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733644 OCoLC 1255604723 WBOKR 29790 EBP 064524264 KEP 064524264 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29790 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Georgia From Reformer to Performer World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Systematic Country Diagnostic Europe and Central Asia Georgia s ACCESS TO FINANCE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE POLICY s DEMOGRAPHICS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXTREME POVERTY s FIRM PRODUCTIVITY s FISCAL TRENDS s FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT s INEQUALITY s INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s JOB CREATION s LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION s LABOR MARKET s PENSIONS s POLITICAL NORMALIZATION s POLITICAL TRANSITION s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL ASSISTANCE s SOCIAL NORMALIZATION s SOCIAL SAFETY NETS s SPATIAL ANALYSIS s STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION s TRADE AGREEMENT s TRADE INTEGRATION s TRADE POLICY s WAGES English The fate of future generations of Georgians will be decided to start now. A girl born in Georgia today can expect to live for more than 86 years, to 2104. This girl, and her peers, will shape Georgia in the 21st century, but her future will also depend on the path that the country chooses today. What will her life look like when she becomes an adult? What will it take for her to be able to realize her dreams in Georgia, rather than abroad? What job prospects will the country offer? How can Georgia become a leading emerging-market economy and middle-class society, in which her children will have even greater opportunities? This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) highlights the country’s core development challenges and opportunities. It takes stock of Georgia’s development progress since its ‘rebirth’ a quarter of a century ago. It also takes a forward look at the social and economic landscape, and possible futures that this Georgian girl and her peers will need to navigate. The SCD focuses on the twin goals of ending extreme poverty, which Georgia can achieve in the next decade, and boosting the incomes of households, specifically for those at the bottom of the income distribution, to create shared prosperity. The SCD also lays out the elements of a strategic vision to overcome obstacles and leverage opportunities in sustaining high growth, improving equity, and creating a sustainable future 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876623 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29790 Volltext, Open Access

1759733652

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733652 OCoLC 1255604754 WBOKR 29791 EBP 064524256 KEP 064524256 2017 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29791 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Future Armenia Connect, Compete, Prosper World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2017 1 Online-Ressource Systematic Country Diagnostic Armenia Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO FINANCE s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s COMPETITION POLICY s CONNECTIVITY s CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s EXTERNAL SECTOR s FINANCIAL INCLUSION s FINANCIAL INCLUSION s FIRM PRODUCTIVITY s FISCAL TRENDS s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INVESTMENT CLIMATE s LABOR MARKET s LABOR PRODUCTIVITY s LABOR SKILLS s MARKET ACCESS s MIGRATION s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s RESILIENCE s RISKS s SHARED PROSPERITY s SKILLS DEVELOPMENT s SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES s SOCIAL PROTECTION s TAX ADMINISTRATION s TRADE POLICY s VOCATIONAL EDUCATION English Since its independence in 1991 and until prior to the global financial crisis (GFC) in 2008-09, Armenia was considered an important success story among the transition economies. Indeed, over several years, the country displayed a record of sustained macroeconomic achievements, reflected in high growth, economic stability, low inflation, and modest deficits and external debt, as well as falling poverty rates and shrinking income disparities. This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) identifies four challenges for Armenia to reinvigorate inclusive growth and resilience. First, with far less supportive external circumstances, reigniting economic growth calls for asearch for new drivers and the rebalancing of growth toward the tradable sectors. Against this backdrop, the country’s low export performance and limited global multi-connectivity caused by high trade and transport facilitation costs are the first challenges to be addressed. Second, insufficient private sector productivity stands in the way of both higher growth and job creation. Firms, as the productive engines of the economy, appear constrained in their ability to lift productivity reforms, limited competition, and the need to deepen further financial development. Third, poverty reduction and shared prosperity, that is, the transmission of aggregate growth to individual wellbeing and poverty reduction, also seems constrained by labor market challenges: labor resources are shrinking, labor-force participation is low, and the country has one of the lowest employment and highest unemployment rates in the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region, whileworkers’ productivity has fallen. Learning outcomes seem to lag demand, both in terms of the level and type of skills that are sought by the market. Declining labor resources are compounded by low women participation in the labor market. Fourth, key vulnerabilities at the macroeconomic, environmental, and microeconomic levels are faced by Armenia in its quest for poverty reduction and shared prosperity. Armenia’s aging population will have a significant impact on health spending and on the pension system, and could, if not addressed, have major implications in terms of fiscal sustainability and poverty 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876631 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29791 Volltext, Open Access

1759733660

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733660 OCoLC 1255604726 WBOKR 29703 EBP 064524248 KEP 064524248 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29703 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Belarus for the Period of FY18-22 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Belarus Europe and Central Asia s ACCESS TO INFORMATION s CLIMATE CHANGE s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s HUMAN CAPITAL s INFRASTRUCTURE s OPEN DATA s PARTNERSHIPS s POLITICAL CONTEXT s PORTFOLIO s PUBLIC INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL CONTEXT s SUBSIDIES English This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for the Republic of Belarus covers the period FY18–22. It is aligned with the objectives of the Program of Activities of the Government of the Republic of Belarus 2016–2020 and is based on the findings of a World Bank Group Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD). The CPF aims to support sustainable and inclusive growth and improve living standards and is aligned with the World Bank Group’s twin goals of eliminating extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity. The CPF puts forward a program that is calibrated to the likely pace of policy reforms but adaptable to any changes. The CPF builds on the FY18 SCD. The SCD shows that a sustainable improvement in living standards will require economic, social, and institutional transformation, with an enhanced role for market forces and strengthened safety nets. The CPF focuses on the nexus between the SCD, Government priorities, the World Bank Group’s comparative advantage, and ongoing programs. The purpose of the FY18–22 CPF is to support sustainable and inclusive growth and improve living standards by focusing on three interlinked focus areas: a) creating opportunities for private sector to grow and for more efficient public investment; (b) maintaining the country’s human capital edge; and (c) improving the contribution of infrastructure to climate change management, economic growth, and human development. The CPF has continuity places greater emphasis on economic management, human capital development, and the environmental, economic and human development outcomes from infrastructure investment 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987664X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29703 Volltext, Open Access

1759733679

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733679 OCoLC 1255604836 WBOKR 29704 EBP 06452423X KEP 06452423X 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29704 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Niger for the Period of FY18-FY22 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Niger s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s FISCAL TRENDS s GENDER s GOVERNANCE s INEQUALITY s INSTITUTIONS s OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE s POLITICAL CONTEXT s PORTFOLIO s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s RISK MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL CONTEXT s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s YOUTH EMPLOYMENT English This Country Partnership ... 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876658 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29704 Volltext, Open Access

1759733687

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733687 OCoLC 1255604625 WBOKR 29702 EBP 064524221 KEP 064524221 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29702 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Zambia Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Zambia s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE RESILIENCE s CONSTRAINTS s DEBT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION s EMPLOYMENT s FISCAL TRENDS s GENDER GAP s HEALTH SERVICES s INCLUSIVE EDUCATION s INEQUALITY s INFRASTRUCTURE s KNOWLEDGE GAPS s LABOR SKILLS s MINING s POVERTY RATE s POVERTY REDUCTION s SAFETY NETS s SHARED PROSPERITY s TWIN GOALS s VESTED INTERESTS English Zambia has successfully raised its average annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate since the early 2000s. Between 2004 and 2014, it averaged 7.4 percent per year. This success was driven by an improvement in the macroeconomic indicators (relative to the 1980s and 1990s), debt relief, heavy investment in the social sectors (by the government and cooperating partners), and a large increase in mining and agricultural production since 2004. This success raised average p Rapid urbanization has been accompanied by a decrease in urban poverty incidence, but masks sluggish growth in small towns and cities. After a decade of de-urbanization in the 1990s, urbanization has been an important driver of change over the past 15 years. However, from 2000 to 2014, urban growth in Zambia has been significantly more focused on the capital city than the average for Sub-Saharan Africa. The annual population growth of Lusaka is over twice the average for Sub-Saharan Africa (1 percent). In contrast, the share of secondary towns in Zambia is growing more slowly than in the rest of Africa (by only 0.7 percent in Zambia compared with 1.8 percent elsewhere). These disparities may exacerbate uneven territorial development, as small towns and cities play a crucial role in strengthening the links among firms; between firms and consumers; and within local, provincial, national, and international supply chains. er capita incomes after decades of economic volatility since the country’s independence in 1964. The current development model being pursued has imposed environmental and resource liabilities. Agricultural growth has been based on increasing land use rather than improved productivity, leading to rapid deforestation. Mining activities have resulted in pollution, and Zambia also faces high and growing climate change impacts. Copper price volatility also continues to challenge macroeconomic and fiscal management. Debt levels have soared to risky levels only 12 years after the Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) and the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) programs provided US$6.5 billion of debt relief from 2005 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876666 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29702 Volltext, Open Access

1759733695

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733695 OCoLC 1255604741 WBOKR 29701 EBP 064524213 KEP 064524213 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29701 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Sierra Leone Priorities for Sustainable Growth and Poverty Reduction Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Sierra Leone s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s COMBATING THE FINANCING OF TERRORISM s CONFLICT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS s FISCAL TRENDS s FRAGILITY s GOVERNANCE s GOVERNANCE REFORM s HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT s JOB CREATION s KNOWLEDGE GAPS s MINERAL RESOURCES s NATURAL RESOURCES s POLITICAL RISKS s POLITICAL SETTLEMENT s POVERTY ALLEVIATION s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC SECTOR INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY English The objective of this Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) is to describe the current development challenges facing Sierra Leone and offer a set of priority areas of intervention to further the twin goals of reducing extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity. The SCD is designed to be an evidence driven exercise that draws together diverse findings into a comprehensive country diagnostic. The SCD argues that, without taking into account the two main foundational constraints governance and fiscal space, it is unlikely that the proposed technical solutions will make a substantial impact on the twin goals. Many of the technical solutions that are in this document have been tried in multiple variations over the last 60 years by government, donor partners, and other stakeholders, but the results have been meager. Despite favorable geography and abundant resources, and after hundreds of millions of dollars in soft loans and grants, smart consultants, sound technical approaches, Sierra Leone continues to have development outcomes that rate among the worst in the world. This SCD argues that unless governance constraints are understood and mitigated this situation is unlikely to change very much. It further takes into account severe fiscal constraints in proposing ways to alleviate this while also avoiding reforms that require substantial financial outlays. If the two foundational issues are appropriately addressed, the priority technical interventions proposed here have the potential to unlock growth, reduce poverty, and improve the lives of the Sierra Leonean population 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876674 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29701 Volltext, Open Access

1759733709

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733709 OCoLC 1255604707 WBOKR 29601 EBP 064524205 KEP 064524205 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29601 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Nicaragua for the Period FY18-FY22 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Latin America & Caribbean Nicaragua s GOVERNANCE s NEW LENDING PROGRAM s PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT s POVERTY REDUCTION s RISK MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION English Nicaragua remains one of ... 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876682 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29601 Volltext, Open Access

1759733717

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733717 OCoLC 1255604471 WBOKR 29600 EBP 064524191 KEP 064524191 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29600 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the United Republic of Tanzania for the Period FY18-FY22 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Tanzania s COUNTRY ASSISTANCE STRATEGY s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s EQUITABLE GROWTH s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s POVERTY REDUCTION s PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL INCLUSION s STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s WORLD BANK GROUP PROGRAM English The Country Partnership F ... 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876690 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29600 Volltext, Open Access

1759733725

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733725 OCoLC 1255604802 WBOKR 29598 EBP 064524183 KEP 064524183 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29598 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Guinea Overcoming Growth Stagnation to Reduce Poverty Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Africa Guinea s CONSTRAINTS s ECONOMIC GROWTH s KNOWLEDGE GAPS s POVERTY REDUCTION s REFORM PRIORITIES s SHARED PROSPERITY s STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION English Guinea is a country with a rich historical legacy, abundant natural resources, a privileged geographical location - and a rapidly growing population. A successful political transition and the emergence of a vibrant civil society have helped to ensure ethnic peace and the absence of civil wars in the middle of a rather conflict-ridden region. The country faces severe challenges in translating its assets and opportunities into higher incomes for its citizenry. Economic growth has been too weak and volatile to contribute to poverty reduction on a sustained basis. This systematic country diagnostic (SCD) posits that two critical factors have affected Guinea’s development path since its independence in 1958. First, the country endured two long-lived authoritarian regimes and political instability before the inception of democracy in 2010. Such a legacy of attendant poor economic governance led to mismanagement of natural resources, institutional fragmentation of the government, a weak social contract and rule of law, and low and ineffective public investment. Second, the structure of the economy remains dependent on the primary sectors - agriculture and mining - lacking diversification in its sources of growth 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876704 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29598 Volltext, Open Access

1759733733

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733733 OCoLC 1255604850 WBOKR 29599 EBP 064524175 KEP 064524175 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29599 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Belarus Systematic Country Diagnostic Towards a Competitive, Inclusive and Dynamic Belarus World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Belarus Europe and Central Asia s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION s COMPETITIVENESS s CONNECTIVITY s DISASTER RISK s DISTRIBUTION s GOVERNANCE s HUMAN CAPITAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s INEQUALITY s MACROECONOMIC POLICY s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL RESILIENCE English Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, Belarus has pursued a gradual transition path characterized by slow opening of the economy to the private sector and a limited reform of the governance system of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). This systematic country diagnostic (SCD) demonstrates that there is a window of opportunity to proactively lay down foundations towards a new vision - a competitive, inclusive, and dynamic Belarus. At the core of this new vision is managing a transition to a new growth path that is sustainable and inclusive. The SCD has identified seven key priorities for achieving further progress towards the twin goals in Belarus. The report is structured as follows: chapter one describes trends in poverty reduction and in shared prosperity and examines the conjecture that economic growth was the main determinant of improvements in income distribution. Chapter two analyzes the sustainability of economic growth and income distribution gains. Chapter three sketches a vision of socio-economic development for Belarus in the next decade and formulates three pathways towards the sustainable and inclusive growth of an internationally competitive economy. Chapter four describes priority actions to achieve that vision 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876712 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29599 Volltext, Open Access

1759733741

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733741 OCoLC 1255604791 WBOKR 29421 EBP 064524167 KEP 064524167 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29421 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Nepal Systematic Country Diagnostic A New Approach to a Federal Nepal World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource Nepal South Asia s ACCESS TO FINANCE s DISASTER RESILIENCE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION s ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY s HEALTH SHOCKS s HYDROPOWER s INEQUALITY s JOB CREATION s LABOR SKILLS s LIVELIHOODS s MIGRATION s NATIONAL GOVERNANCE s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT s PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS s PUBLIC INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s REMITTANCES s SUSTAINABILITY English This systematic country diagnostic (SCD) examines the key constraints to and opportunities for accelerating poverty reduction and enhancing shared prosperity in Nepal. The SCD builds on a broad body of analytical work conducted in Nepal, but particularly on three World Bank reports published in 2017: moving up the ladder: poverty reduction in Nepal, climbing higher: toward a middle-income Nepal, and the Nepal risk and resilience assessment. It also builds on evidence compiled in six working groups and consultations and surveys in all seven Nepalese provinces with civil society organizations, the private sector, government, development partners, and citizens. The SCD highlighted key knowledge gaps. The key knowledge gaps include: (a) poverty trends since the earthquake, blockade, and slowdown of remittances; (b) how best to increase the accountability and strengthen the capacity of local governments; (c) the impact of lack of competition in specific sectors on job creation, prices, and welfare; (d) the potential for reducing environmental vulnerability through investments and of what type; (e) the political economy of multiple ministries in natural resource management and how to encourage consolidation; (f) which interventions are most effective to reduce malnutrition in different parts of the country; and (g) how to make the cost of migration more affordable for poor households 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876720 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29421 Volltext, Open Access

175973375X

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 175973375X OCoLC 1255604810 WBOKR 29422 EBP 064524159 KEP 064524159 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29422 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO China Systematic Country Diagnostic Towards a More Inclusive and Sustainable Development World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2018 1 Online-Ressource China East Asia and Pacific s ACCOUNTABILITY s AIR POLLUTION s BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE s CADRE MANAGEMENT s CLIMATE CHANGE s CORRUPTION s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION s FINANCIAL REFORM s FOREIGN INVESTMENT s GEOSPATIAL DISPARITY s GOVERNANCE s GREEN GROWTH s HEALTH SERVICES s INDUSTRIAL RESTRUCTURING s INEQUALITY s KNOWLEDGE GAP s LOCAL GOVERNMENT s MARKET ACCESS s MIGRATION s NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT s POLLUTION s POVERTY REDUCTION s REDISTRIBUTION s RURAL AGRICULTURE s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL PROTECTION s SUSTAINABILITY s SUSTAINABLE GROWTH s TAXATION s TRADE s TRANSPARENCY s URBANIZATION English The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) reaffirmed the country’s commitment to eliminating poverty and promoting shared prosperity and inclusive growth. In this regard, the China systematic country diagnostic (SCD) is supportive of the priorities of the Party Congress. China’s historic rapid growth resulted in a poverty decline unprecedented in its speed and scale. Rapid growth was made possible by a wide range of reforms, which transformed a state-dominated, planned, rural, and closed economy to a more market-based, urbanized, and open economy. China is on its way to eliminating extreme poverty, but the population vulnerable to poverty will remain relatively large. China is expected to continue to make strong progress toward eliminating extreme poverty despite the slowdown of economic growth. The World Bank projects extreme poverty, based on the international public private partnership (PPP) United States (U.S.) 1.90 dollars per day poverty line, to decline to 0.5 percent by 2018. According to this higher poverty line, China is projected to have a poverty rate of 3.9 percent or 54.6 million people below this higher poverty line by 2018 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876739 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29422 Volltext, Open Access

1759733768

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733768 OCoLC 1255604864 WBOKR 29114 EBP 064524140 KEP 064524140 2017 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29114 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for Republic of Togo for the Period FY17-FY20 International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2017 1 Online-Ressource Africa Togo s DEVELOPMENT s FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT s IDA s PARTNERSHIP FRAMEWORK s POVERTY s POVERTY REDUCTION s SHARED PROSPERITY s STRATEGY English This country partnership framework (CPF), prepared jointly by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) presents the World Bank Group’s (WBG’s) program for Togo during the period FY17 through FY20. The CPF is aligned with the Government of Togo’s forthcoming national development plan (PND) for 2018-2022, which focuses on forging a solid, stable democratic nation with strong, sustainable, inclusive growth; equitable access to good-quality social services; and respect for the environment. The overarching objective of the CPF is to help pave the way to more inclusive and sustainable growth in Togo, led both by a more dynamic private sector and more effective government policies, public investments, and services. The WBG’s strategy under the CPF emphasizes strengthening governance, including strengthening institutions and accountability, as a cross cutting theme integrated in three focus areas: (i) private sector performance and job creation; (ii) inclusive public service delivery; and (iii) environmental sustainability and resilience. The CPF seeks to take full advantage of the new International Development Association (IDA) 18 architecture and increased support for fragile states to scale up WBG support and promote joint IDA and IFC support. The CPF also seizes on a window of opportunity to support the government’s ambitious efforts to stabilize the macroeconomic framework and mitigate fiscal risks, a prerequisite for sustainable growth 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876747 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29114 Volltext, Open Access

1759733776

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:52.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733776 OCoLC 1255604761 WBOKR 28994 EBP 064524132 KEP 064524132 2017 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28994 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Niger Priorities for Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2017 1 Online-Ressource Africa Niger s AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY s CLIMATE CHANGE s ECONOMIC GROWTH s EDUCATION s GOVERNANCE s HEALTHCARE s POLITICAL SETTLEMENT s POVERTY s POVERTY REDUCTION s POVERTY TRAPS s RISKS s SHARED PROSPERITY s VULNERABILITY English This document presents the systematic country diagnostic (SCD) for Niger. It identifies the constraints and opportunities for achieving the twin goals of ending poverty and improving shared prosperity by 2030 in a sustainable manner while acknowledging: (a) the need for selectivity, and (b) the need to identify constraints that can feasibly be addressed. The objectives of the World Bank are closely associated with those of the Government of Niger, which aims in its renaissance program, to achieve rapid poverty reduction by 2035. To put Niger on a sustainable path of poverty reduction, a change in trajectory is needed urgently. Though poverty reduced over the past decade, much of it can be attributed to favorable external conditions which no longer exist 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876755 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28994 Volltext, Open Access

1759733784

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 EBP:15-02-23 07:44:18.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733784 OCoLC 1255604747 WBOKR 28894 EBP 064524124 KEP 064524124 und 2017 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28894 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO The Western Balkans Revving Up the Engines of Growth and Prosperity World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2017 1 Online-Ressource Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Eastern Europe Europe and Central Asia Kosovo Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of Montenegro North Macedonia (Formerly the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) Serbia s ACCESS TO FINANCE s ACCESS TO SERVICES s BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT s ECONOMIC GROWTH s ECONOMIC INTEGRATION s EMPLOYMENT s ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT s EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS s GLOBAL VALUE CHAIN s GOVERNANCE REFORMS s INFORMALITY s INFRASTRUCTURE s JOB CREATION s LABOR MARKET s POVERTY REDUCTION s PRODUCTIVITY s REGULATION s SKILLED LABOR s STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES s SUSTAINABILITY s TAXATION s VOLATILITY s WAGES The Yugo, a communist-era car from the former Yugoslavia, was widely ridiculed for shedding its parts on roads across Europe and the United States. Zastava, which made Yugo, fared even worse than its product. After the Balkan conflicts of the 1990s, the factory was reduced to producing only 18,000 cars in 2002. Then Fiat entered the picture in 2008, investing more than a billion euro to make Zastava one of its most modern factories anywhere in the world. Now it is producing more than 100,000 cars a year and exporting to the European Union and the United States. Bosch and more than forty other international companies have set up operations in Serbia to supply parts to this factory and to other car producers in Europe; domestic investors also started entering the sector. Exports of the Serbian automotive industry has increased almost tenfold since the 1990s and are likely to expand further with recovery of European and global growth. Serbia's emergence as a successful exporter of competitive cars and parts is a symbol of a new era for the six countries of the Western Balkans: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, the Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) of Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia. As late reformers, they can benefit from rising wages in the rapidly reforming transition countries of the European Union and from greater cost consciousness among firms adapting to lower global growth. The six (of which all but Albania were born from the break-up of Yugoslavia) largely missed out on earlier opportunities to thrive in the post-Cold War era. Today, with peace and enhanced collaboration, coupled with future prospects of European Union membership, the Western Balkan countries have another opportunity to build prosperity. This report addresses the following question: How can these countries raise economic growth rates and ensure sustained improvement in welfare for their citizens? Finding the right answer will help the countries' aspiration for income convergence with the EU, where on average people enjoy incomes that are three times higher 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876763 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28894 Volltext, Open Access

1759733792

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:53.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733792 OCoLC 1255604755 WBOKR 28546 EBP 064524116 KEP 064524116 2017 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28546 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Regional Partnership Framework For Kiribati, Republic of Nauru, Republic of The Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Republic of Palau, Independent State of Samoa, Kingdom of Tonga, Tuvalu, and Vanuatu, FY17-FY21 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Suva, Fiji 2017 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Kiribati Marshall Islands Micronesia, Federated States of Nauru Oceania Palau Samoa Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu s DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES s ECONOMIC OUTLOOK s EMPLOYMENT s FRAGILITY s GENDER INEQUALITY s KNOWLEDGE GAPS s LIVELIHOODS s PACIFIC ISLANDS s PARTNERSHIP STRATEGY s POVERTY PROFILE s REGIONAL APPROACHES s SHARED PROSPERITY English en_US This Regional Partnership Framework (RPF) outlines the World Bank Group (WBG) strategic program for nine Pacific island countries (PIC9): Kiribati, the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), Republic of Nauru, Republic of Palau, Independent State of Samoa, Kingdom of Tonga, Tuvalu, and Vanuatu. Seven of these countries are IDA-eligible and have seen a substantial increase in WBG presence and engagement in recent years. The RPF builds upon the deepening engagement with Samoa, Tonga, and Kiribati, and the ability to channel significantly more resources to FSM, RMI, Vanuatu and Tuvalu following their recent reclassification as IDA eligible. The RPF also outlines options for engagement with Nauru and Palau, which are IBRD countries. In summary, this RPF will guide a WBG engagement in the Pacific which will build on what has been achieved so far but also seek to achieve further impacts in three main ways. First, increased IDA18 allocations will provide opportunities to finance projects that are larger in size and scope. Second, building on the results of the SCD and other recent analytical work, the WBG program will be highly selective and focused on helping the PICs make the most of a few key opportunities and effectively mitigate the main risks to incomes and livelihoods which they are facing. Third, the WBG program will put special emphasis on addressing the drivers of fragility in the Pacific (issues related to institutional capacity, growth in youth population and urbanization, climate change and natural disasters, as well as gender) to enhance the sustainability of the activities being carried out and of the progress being achieved 40 17-11-21 00:19:28.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876771 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28546 Volltext, Open Access

1759733806

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:53.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733806 OCoLC 1255604838 WBOKR 28541 EBP 064524108 KEP 064524108 2017 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28541 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Republic of Fiji Systematic Country Diagnostic World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2017 1 Online-Ressource East Asia and Pacific Fiji s ACCESS TO SERVICES s ECONOMIC GROWTH s POVERTY s RESILIENCE s SHARED PROSPERITY English en_US Fiji is a small island nation in the South Pacific Ocean with population of 870,000.Nevertheless, Fiji has one of the most sophisticated economies among the Pacific Islands. The economy is the second largest in the Pacific after Papua New Guinea, and it is the most industrially advanced, with substantial services and manufacturing sectors.Fiji has not, however, realized its full economic potential.The 2014 election was a turning point for Fiji in many respects. First, the current government was elected with an outright majority and strong cross-ethnic support. Second, the election saw a genuine political debate, with citizens offered a choice between different visions for the future (Frankel 2014). Third, the election, which was declared free and fair by international observers, paved the way for Fiji’s re-engagement with development partners and created a better environment for private investment.Fiji can build on its relatively strong institutions to deliver faster growth and shared prosperity.The government plans to build on its achievements in poverty reduction and shared prosperity. The national development plan is to double real per capita income by 2035.The World Bank’s report Pacific Possible sets out several ideas for accelerating growth in Fiji by 2040. Areas of opportunities include tourism, migration, fisheries, deep sea mining, and the knowledge economy.This Strategic Country Diagnostic (SCD) identifies three pathways, as well as cross-cutting issues. (i) Stronger growth; (ii) Better access to services by all; (iii) Building resilience. These three pathways should be supported by cross-cutting efforts to improve governance, that is, to improve policy and the institutional capacity of the public sector to accelerate progress toward the twin goals.However, it continues to face a number of cross-cutting governance challenges.This report has identified many constraints and many possible policy solutions. But not everything can be done at once: priorities need to be selected. In selecting the priorities, this SCD uses three main criteria. The first is whether a policy is a precondition for making progress in pursuing others. The second is whether a policy is expected to have positive spillovers across different domains (e.g., growth, equity, resilience). The third is whether a policy is feasible, that is, it can be implemented in the medium term given cost, capacity, and political feasibility for action 40 17-11-21 00:19:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987678X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28541 Volltext, Open Access

1759733814

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:53.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733814 OCoLC 1255604762 WBOKR 28389 EBP 064524094 KEP 064524094 2017 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28389 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Democratic Republic of Ethiopia for the Period FY18-FY22 World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2017 1 Online-Ressource Africa Ethiopia s ACCOUNTABILITY s COMPETITIVENESS s CONTEXT s CORRUPTION s FINANCIAL ENVELOPE s GOVERNANCE s INCLUSIVENESS s INEQUALITY s POVERTY s PRODUCTIVITY s RISK MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY English en_US Ethiopia has achieved substantial progress in economic, social and human development over the past decade. The country partnership framework (CPF) draws on the findings of the World Bank Group (WBG's) 2016 systematic country diagnostic (SCD) for Ethiopia. Following a decade of strong economic growth in Ethiopia, the CPF addresses the challenges of forging a growth path that is more broadly inclusive and sustainable. This CPF adopts a spatial lens through which this five-year program will seek to deliver bold results and to tackle two of the greatest spatial challenges to Ethiopia’s quest to achieve lower middle-income status by 2025 40 17-11-21 00:19:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876798 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28389 Volltext, Open Access

1759733822

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:53.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733822 OCoLC 1255604667 WBOKR 28390 EBP 064524086 KEP 064524086 2017 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28390 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Country Partnership Framework for the Republic of Turkey for the Period FY18-FY21 International Finance Corporation VerfasserIn aut Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency VerfasserIn aut World Bank VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2017 1 Online-Ressource Europe and Central Asia Turkey s CONTEXT s DEVELOPMENT AGENDA s ECONOMIC GROWTH s INCLUSION s POVERTY s RISK MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s STRATEGY s SUSTAINABILITY English en_US This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Turkey covers the period FY18-21. It is aligned with the objectives of Turkey’s 10th Development Plan and is based on the findings of a World Bank Group (WBG) Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) that was finalized in February 2017. The CPF aims to help Turkey to achieve its development objectives through building on the foundations of the existing program and consolidating gains in key areas where the WBG is already active, as well as developing the program further in areas which target the WBG twin goals of reducing extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity. The CPF puts forward a flexible approach for the WBG’s program that is appropriate for a middle-income country of Turkey’s size and takes account of the evolving country and regional situation 40 17-11-21 00:19:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876801 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28390 Volltext, Open Access

1759733830

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:53.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733830 OCoLC 1255604803 WBOKR 27996 EBP 064524078 KEP 064524078 2017 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27996 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Poland Toward a Strategic, Effective, and Accountable State World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2017 1 Online-Ressource Systematic Country Diagnostic Europe and Central Asia Poland s ENVIRONMENTAL TRENDS s FISCAL POLICY s GOVERNANCE s GROWTH POTENTIAL s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s PENSIONS s PRODUCTIVITY s PUBLIC INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT s SHARED PROSPERITY s SUSTAINABILITY s WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT English en_US The pathway to shared prosperity in Poland is built around growth, inclusion, and sustainability objectives, but success will ultimately depend on a more strategic, effective, and accountable state. Poland has done remarkably well, boasting strong growth over three decades. Looking forward, this Systemic Country Diagnostic (SCD) argues that a new level of sophistication is required to meet the challenges of a rapidly aging population and evolving global economy. This includes developing a more strategic, effective, and accountable state that can facilitate a strong consensus around consistent policies to foster growth, inclusion, and sustainability. Continued productivity growth will depend on Poland’s ability to transition to an innovation-led growth model. This transition, in turn, will require improved consistency and commitment to sound policies, as well as improved coordination between the public and private sectors. Demographic trends make it critical for Poland to invest in its people, ensuring that everyone can participate and benefit from growth. To that end, policies must be consistent—both across sectors and between local and national government institutions—such that every person has equal opportunity, participates in the labor market, and is able to move to where they are most productive. To grow sustainably, a new social consensus will be needed to confront difficult trade-offs between the needs of an aging population and the associated fiscal costs. Similarly, Poland will need to weigh the fiscal and economic costs of transitioning to a low-emissions economy against the social and environmental costs associated with business as usual. Consensus will be needed to ensure consistency of policies around agreed-upon principles, commitment to staying the course, coordination across all stakeholders, and cooperation from the private sector based on trust in government 40 17-11-21 00:19:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 393987681X 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27996 Volltext, Open Access

1759733849

11,26,30,40,110,187,496,2403 EBP:03-06-21 BSZ:03-08-22 00:15:53.000 EBP:03-06-21 utf8 0 Oax Text txt Computermedien c Online-Ressource cr 1759733849 OCoLC 1255604660 WBOKR 27997 EBP 06452406X KEP 06452406X 2017 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27997 X:WBOKR R LF 1 ZDB-110-WBO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo CC BY 3.0 IGO Islamic Republic of Mauritania Turning Challenges into Opportunities for Ending Poverty and Promoting Shared Prosperity World Bank Group VerfasserIn aut World Bank, Washington, DC 2017 1 Online-Ressource Systematic Country Diagnostic Africa Mauritania s EQUITY s FRAGILITY s GOVERNANCE s INCLUSIVE GROWTH s POVERTY REDUCTION s SHARED PROSPERITY s SOCIAL COHESION English en_US The systematic country diagnostic (SCD) of Mauritania seeks to identify key constraints and priority interventions needed for the country to achieve the twin goals of the World Bank Group: (i) ending extreme poverty; and (ii) improving shared prosperity among the poorest forty percent of the population (the bottom 40). The analysis steps back from the World Bank Group’s existing portfolio to conduct a broad overview of the country’s socioeconomic development. The SCD is designed as an analytical input for stakeholders to debate development priorities. It was undertaken during the period in which the government was developing a new accelerated growth and shared prosperity strategy (strategie de croissance acceleree et prosperite partage, SCAPP). The diagnostic draws on an extensive knowledge base and presents findings and conclusions in an accessible format geared towards stimulating dialogue with the authorities and relevant stakeholders. The SCD is derived principally from the wealth of recent analysis by the World Bank Group and other sources. While studies were undertaken during the course of the SCD preparation to complement the existing analytical knowledge base, important knowledge gaps remain. The SCD identifies these gaps and presents a range of issues for further analysis 40 17-11-21 00:19:29.000 utf8 17-11-21 add_ebook 1999 3939876828 19-06-21 xsn OLR-WORLDBANK-OA 00 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27997 Volltext, Open Access